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As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 10, 1997
Registration No. 333-23611
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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
AMENDMENT NO. 1 TO
FORM S-3
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
PACIFIC GULF PROPERTIES INC.
(EXACT NAME OF REGISTRANT AS SPECIFIED IN ITS CHARTER)
MARYLAND 33-0577520
(STATE OR OTHER JURISDICTION OF (I.R.S. EMPLOYER IDENTIFICATION
INCORPORATION OR ORGANIZATION) NO.)
363 SAN MIGUEL
NEWPORT BEACH, CALIFORNIA 92660
(714) 721-2700
(ADDRESS, INCLUDING ZIP CODE AND TELEPHONE NUMBER, INCLUDING AREA CODE, OF
REGISTRANT'S PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICES)
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GLENN L. CARPENTER
CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD AND CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER
PACIFIC GULF PROPERTIES INC.
363 SAN MIGUEL
NEWPORT BEACH, CALIFORNIA 92660
(714) 721-2700
(NAME, ADDRESS, INCLUDING ZIP CODE, AND TELEPHONE NUMBER,
INCLUDING AREA CODE, OF AGENT FOR SERVICE)
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COPIES TO:
DHIYA EL-SADEN, ESQ.
GIBSON, DUNN & CRUTCHER LLP
333 SOUTH GRAND AVENUE
LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA 90067
(213) 229-7000
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APPROXIMATE DATE OF COMMENCEMENT OF PROPOSED SALE TO
THE PUBLIC: From time to time after the effective date of
this Registration Statement.
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If the only securities being registered on this Form are being offered
pursuant to dividend or interest reinvestment plans, please check the following
box:
If any of the securities on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or
continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, other
than securities offered only in connection with dividend or interest
reinvestment plans, check the following box: [X]
If this form is filed to register additional securities for an offering
pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act of 1933, please check the
following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the
earlier effective registration statement for the same offering:
If this form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule
462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities
Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration
statement for the same offering:
If delivery of the prospectus is expected to be made pursuant to
Rule 434, please check the following box:
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THE REGISTRANT HEREBY AMENDS THIS REGISTRATION STATEMENT ON SUCH DATE OR DATES
AS MAY BE NECESSARY TO DELAY ITS EFFECTIVE DATE UNTIL THE REGISTRANT SHALL FILE
A FURTHER AMENDMENT WHICH SPECIFICALLY STATES THAT THIS REGISTRATION STATEMENT
SHALL THEREAFTER BECOME EFFECTIVE IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION 8(A) OF THE
SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 OR UNTIL THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT SHALL BECOME
EFFECTIVE ON SUCH DATE AS THE COMMISSION, ACTING PURSUANT TO SAID SECTION 8(A)
MAY DETERMINE.
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INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN IS SUBJECT TO COMPLETION OR AMENDMENT. A
REGISTRATION STATEMENT RELATING TO THESE SECURITIES HAS BEEN FILED WITH THE
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION. THESE SECURITIES MAY NOT BE SOLD NOR MAY
OFFERS TO BUY BE ACCEPTED PRIOR TO THE TIME THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT BECOMES
EFFECTIVE. THIS PROSPECTUS SHALL NOT CONSTITUTE AN OFFER TO SELL OR THE
SOLICITATION OF AN OFFER TO BUY NOR SHALL THERE BE ANY SALE OF THESE SECURITIES
IN ANY STATE IN WHICH SUCH OFFER, SOLICITATION OR SALE WOULD BE UNLAWFUL PRIOR
TO REGISTRATION OR QUALIFICATION UNDER THE SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY SUCH STATE.
SUBJECT TO COMPLETION, DATED APRIL 10, 1997
PROSPECTUS
[GRAPHIC OMITTED] PACIFIC GULF PROPERTIES INC.
$250,000,000
COMMON STOCK, PREFERRED STOCK, DEBT SECURITIES
AND
WARRANTS TO PURCHASE THE ABOVE SECURITIES
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Pacific Gulf Properties Inc. (the "Company") may offer and issue from
time to time (i) its debt securities (the "Debt Securities"), (ii) shares of its
common stock, par value $.01 per share (the "Common Stock"), (iii) shares of its
preferred stock, par value $.01 per share (the "Preferred Stock"), and (iv)
warrants to purchase Debt Securities, Common Stock or Preferred Stock (the
"Warrants"). The Debt Securities, Common Stock, Preferred Stock and Warrants are
herein collectively referred to as the "Securities," with an aggregate public
offering price not to exceed $250,000,000. The Securities may be offered in one
or more separate classes or series, in amounts and at prices and terms to be set
forth in one or more supplements to this Prospectus (each, a "Prospectus
Supplement"). Any Securities may be offered with other Securities or separately.
Debt Securities or Preferred Stock may be convertible into shares of Common
Stock.
Certain terms of any Debt Securities in respect of which this
Prospectus is being delivered will be set forth in the accompanying Prospectus
Supplement including, without limitation, the specific designation (including
whether such Debt Securities are senior or subordinated and whether such Debt
Securities are convertible), aggregate principal amount, purchase price,
maturity, interest rate (which may be fixed or variable) and time of payment of
interest (if any), terms (if any) for the subordination, redemption or
conversion thereof, listing (if any) on a securities exchange and any other
specific terms of the Debt Securities. Certain terms of any Preferred Stock in
respect of which this Prospectus is being delivered will be set forth in the
accompanying Prospectus Supplement including, without limitation, the
designation, number of shares, liquidation preference, purchase price, dividend,
voting, redemption and conversion provisions and any listing on a securities
exchange. Certain terms of any Warrants in respect of which this Prospectus is
being delivered will be set forth in the accompanying Prospectus Supplement,
including the specific designation, number, duration, purchase price and terms
thereof, any listing of the Warrants or the underlying securities on a
securities exchange and any other terms in connection with the offering, sale
and exercise of the Warrants, as well as the terms on which and the securities
for which such Warrants may be exercised. In addition, terms of the Securities
may include limitations on direct and beneficial ownership and restrictions on
transfer of the Securities, in each case as may be appropriate to preserve the
status of the Company as a real estate investment trust ("REIT") for federal
income tax purposes. The specific number of shares of Common Stock and issuance
price per share will be set forth in the applicable Prospectus Supplement.
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The Company may sell all or a portion of any offering of its securities
directly, through agents designated from time to time, or to or through
underwriters or dealers. If any agents or underwriters are involved in the sale
of any of the Securities, their names, and any applicable purchase price, fee,
commission or discount arrangement between or among them, will be set forth, or
will be calculable from the information set forth, in the applicable Prospectus
Supplement. No Securities may be sold without delivery of the applicable
Prospectus Supplement describing the method and terms of the offering of such
Securities.
SEE "RISK FACTORS" BEGINNING AT PAGE 9 OF THIS PROSPECTUS FOR CERTAIN
RISK FACTORS RELEVANT TO AN INVESTMENT IN THE SECURITIES.
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THESE SECURITIES HAVE NOT BEEN APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED BY THE
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR ANY STATE SECURITIES
COMMISSION NOR HAS THE COMMISSION OR ANY STATE
SECURITIES COMMISSION PASSED UPON THE ACCURACY OR
ADEQUACY OF THIS PROSPECTUS. ANY REPRESENTATION
TO THE CONTRARY IS A CRIMINAL OFFENSE.
---------------
The date of this Prospectus is April __, 1997
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AVAILABLE INFORMATION
The Company has filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the
"Commission") a Registration Statement on Form S-3 (the "Registration
Statement"), of which this Prospectus is a part, under the Securities Act of
1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), with respect to the Securities. This
Prospectus does not contain all of the information set forth in the Registration
Statement, certain portions of which have been omitted as permitted by the rules
and regulations of the Commission. Statements contained in this Prospectus as to
the content of any contract or other document are not necessarily complete, and
in each instance reference is made to the copy of the contract or other document
filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement, each statement being
qualified in all respects by that reference and the exhibits to the Registration
Statement. For further information regarding the Company and the Securities,
reference is hereby made to the Registration Statement, the exhibits to the
Registration Statement, and the documents incorporated by reference into the
Registration Statement, which may be obtained from the Commission at its
principal office in Washington, D.C., upon payment of fees prescribed by the
Commission.
The Company is subject to the information requirements of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"), and in
accordance therewith files reports, proxy and information statements and other
information with the Commission. These reports, proxy and information
statements, and other information can be inspected and copied at the public
reference facilities maintained by the Commission at 450 Fifth Street, N.W.,
Washington, D.C. 20549, and at the regional offices of the Commission located at
13th Floor, 7 World Trade Center, New York, New York 10048, and at 500 West
Madison Street, Suite 1400, Chicago, Illinois 60661-2511. Copies of such
material can be obtained from the Public Reference Section of the Commission at
Judiciary Plaza, 450 Fifth Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20549 at prescribed
rates. Electronic filings made through the Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis
and Retrieval System are publicly available though the Commission's web site
(http://www.sec.gov). The Common Stock is traded on the New York Stock Exchange,
Inc. ("NYSE"). The reports, proxy and information statements and other
information can also be inspected at the offices of NYSE, 20 Broad Street, New
York, New York 10005.
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INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE
There are incorporated herein by reference the following documents
heretofore filed by the Company under the Exchange Act with the Commission.
(a) The Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K, for its fiscal year ended
December 31, 1996;
(b) The Company's Current Report on Form 8-K, dated February 18, 1997; and
(c) The description of the Company's Common Stock and 8.375% Convertible
Subordinated Debentures due 2001 contained in its Registration
Statement on Form 8-A/A filed with the Commission, on January 25, 1994
(file no. 1-12546) and on Form 8-A filed with the Commission on
October 29, 1996 (file no. 1-12708).
All documents filed by the Company pursuant to Sections 13(a), 13(c),
14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act subsequent to the date of this Prospectus and
prior to the termination of the offering made hereby shall be deemed to be
incorporated by reference into this Prospectus, and to be a part hereof from the
date of filing such documents. Any statement contained in a document
incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference herein shall be deemed to
be modified or superseded for purposes of the Registration Statement, this
Prospectus, and any applicable Prospectus Supplement to the extent that a
statement contained in the Registration Statement, this Prospectus, any
applicable Prospectus Statement or any other subsequently filed document that is
also incorporated by reference herein modifies or supersedes that statement. Any
statement so modified or superseded shall not be deemed, except as so modified
or superseded, to constitute a part of this Prospectus.
The Company hereby undertakes to provide without charge to each person,
including any beneficial owner, to whom a Prospectus is delivered, upon written
or oral request of that person, a copy of any document incorporated herein by
reference (other than exhibits to those documents unless the exhibits are
specifically incorporated by reference into the documents that this Prospectus
incorporates by reference). Written or oral requests should be directed to
Stockholder Relations, Pacific Gulf Properties Inc., 363 San Miguel Drive,
Newport Beach, California 92660; telephone (714) 721-2700.
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THE COMPANY
Pacific Gulf Properties Inc., a self-administered and self-managed
equity REIT, owns, operates, leases, acquires and rehabilitates industrial and
multifamily properties. In addition, the Company has recently begun to develop
properties, including redevelopment of an industrial property consisting of
approximately 327,000 square feet and development of an active senior
residential property consisting of approximately 166 units. The Company's
properties are located in California and the Pacific Northwest, with the largest
concentration in Southern California. The Company focuses on this geographic
region due to management's extensive experience in these markets, and
management's belief that these markets present potential for long-term economic
growth. At February 28, 1997, the Company owned a portfolio of 24 industrial
properties, containing approximately 5.7 million leasable square feet (the
"Industrial Properties"), and 22 multifamily properties, containing 4,110
apartment units (the "Multifamily Properties," and together with the Industrial
Properties, the "Properties.") As of February 28, 1997, the Company's Industrial
Properties and Multifamily Properties experienced occupancy rates of 97% and
93%, respectively.
Management believes that focusing on two property types allows the
Company greater investment opportunities and flexibility than would be available
by investing only in one property type. Apartments have shorter leases than
industrial properties and, hence, apartment rental income reacts more quickly to
changes in economic conditions. Lease income on industrial properties reacts
more slowly to changes in the real estate economy due to longer term leases on
such properties. The values of these two property types and the opportunities
they present for growth are affected by the timing of such rental adjustments.
This distinction, along with other market factors that impact the demand for
multifamily and industrial properties differently, provides the Company with
greater options in implementing its investment, disposition and property
management strategies.
The Company seeks to maximize cash flow per share by improving net
operating income (rental property income less rental property expenses) of
existing properties, by acquiring or developing additional properties and by
reducing its cost of capital. Management closely monitors rental operations and
administrative expenses, utilizes new technologies, periodically conducts
contract reviews, and seeks opportunities to maximize economies of scale in
order to control costs, reduce tenant turnover and assure that the Company is
competitive in all aspects of its operations. The Company also seeks to increase
stockholder value through the acquisition of properties that provide attractive
initial returns and opportunities to increase net operating income.
Additionally, the Company seeks well-located properties in strong markets where
values have suffered due to poor management or maintenance and that can be
acquired at less than replacement cost.
The Company's Common Stock is listed on the NYSE under the symbol
"PAG." The Company was incorporated in Maryland in August 1993. The Company's
executive offices are located at 363 San Miguel Drive, Newport Beach,
California, 92660; and its telephone number is (714) 721-2700. Unless the
context otherwise requires, as used herein the term "Company" includes Pacific
Gulf Properties Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries, including without
limitation its operating partnership, PGP Inland Communities, L.P..
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USE OF PROCEEDS
Unless otherwise described in any Prospectus Supplement that
accompanies this Prospectus, the Company intends to use the net proceeds from
the sale of the Securities for general corporate purposes, which may include
acquiring additional properties or interests in entities owning properties as
suitable opportunities arise, making improvements to properties, repaying
certain then-outstanding secured or unsecured indebtedness and for working
capital. Pending such uses, the Company may invest such net proceeds in
short-term, income-producing investments such as investment grade commercial
paper, government securities or money market funds that invest in government
securities.
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RATIO OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES
The following table sets forth the ratios of earnings to fixed charges
for the Company and for the predecessor to the Company prior to February 18,
1994.
<TABLE>
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
----------------------------------------------
1996 1995 1994 1993 1992
---- ---- ---- ---- ----
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges............... - 1.12x 1.26x - -
</TABLE>
Earnings for the year ended December 31, 1996 were inadequate to cover
fixed charges by approximately $.2 million as a result primarily of the
non-cash charge of $3.6 million relating to the Company's exchange of
debentures for common stock. The ratio of earnings to fixed charges excluding
this $3.6 million non-cash items is 1.18 to 1.
For the purpose of calculating the ratio of earnings to fixed charges,
earnings consist of pre-tax income excluding non-recurring and extraordinary
items, the effects of discontinued operations, the cumulative effect of
accounting changes and fixed charges. Fixed charges consist of interest
expense, capitalized interest and amortization of deferred financing costs.
Prior to completion of the Company's initial public offering in
February 1994, the predecessor of the Company operated in a highly leveraged
manner. As a result, although the Company and the predecessor have historically
generated positive net cash flow, the financial statements of the predecessor
show net losses for the periods prior to February 1994. Consequently, the
computation of the ratio of earnings to fixed charges for such periods indicate
that earnings were inadequate to cover fixed charges by approximately $1.6
million and $2.3 million for the years ended December 31, 1993 and 1992,
respectively.
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RISK FACTORS
Prospective investors should carefully consider the following
information in conjunction with the other information contained in this
Prospectus and the applicable Prospectus Supplement before purchasing
Securities. This Prospectus and the accompanying Prospectus Supplement include
certain statements that may be deemed to be "forward-looking statements" within
the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the
"Securities Act"), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as
amended. All statements, other than statements of historical facts, included in
this Prospectus that address activities, events or developments that the Company
expects, believes or anticipates will or may occur in the future, including such
matters as future capital expenditures, dividends and acquisitions (including
the amount and nature thereof), the use of proceeds of the offering of the
Securities, expansion and other development trends of the real estate industry,
business strategies, expansion and growth of the Company's operations and other
such matters are forward-looking statements. These statements are based on
certain assumptions and analyses made by the Company in light of its experience
and its perception of historical trends, current conditions, expected future
developments and other factors it believes are appropriate. Such statements are
subject to a number of assumptions, risks and uncertainties, including the risk
factors discussed below, general economic and business conditions, the business
opportunities that may be presented to and pursued by the Company, and changes
in laws or regulations and other factors, many of which are beyond the control
of the Company. Prospective investors are cautioned that any such statements are
not guarantees of future performance and that actual results or developments may
differ materially from those anticipated in the forward-looking statements.
DEBT FINANCING; RISK OF RISING INTEREST RATES
The Company is subject to the risks normally associated with debt
financing, including the risk that the Company's cash flow will be insufficient
to meet required payments of principal and interest, that the Company will not
be able to refinance existing indebtedness, or that the terms of such
refinancing will not be as favorable as the terms of existing indebtedness. As
of December 31, 1996, the Company had outstanding approximately $13.7 million of
unsecured indebtedness and $183.7 million of indebtedness secured by certain of
its Properties.
If prevailing interest rates or other factors at the time of a
refinancing result in higher interest rates on refinancing, the Company's
interest expense would increase, which would adversely affect the Company's cash
provided by operating activities and its ability to maintain or improve its
Properties or to make distributions or payments to holders of its securities. In
addition, in the event the Company were unable to secure refinancing of such
indebtedness on acceptable terms, the Company might be forced to dispose of
properties upon disadvantageous terms, which might result in losses to the
Company and might adversely affect the Company's cash flow or operating results.
In addition, if a property or properties are mortgaged to secure payment of
indebtedness and the Company is unable to meet mortgage payments, the property
could be foreclosed upon by or otherwise transferred to the mortgagee with a
consequent loss of income and asset value to the Company.
As of December 31, 1996, certain of the Properties were subject
to variable rate mortgage indebtedness. At that date, the weighted average
interest rate on such outstanding indebtedness was 7.4%. An increase in interest
rates will have an adverse effect on the Company's net income and results of
operations.
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RISKS OF ACQUISITION AND DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES
The Company intends to actively continue to acquire Industrial and
Multifamily Properties. Acquisitions of such properties entail risks that
investments will fail to perform in accordance with expectations. Estimates of
the costs of improvements to bring an acquired property up to standards
established for the market position intended for that property may prove
inaccurate. In addition, there are general real estate investment risks
associated with any new real estate investment.
The Company has also recently begun to pursue Industrial and
Multifamily residential property development projects. Such projects generally
require various governmental and other approvals, the receipt of which cannot be
assured. Such development activities entail certain risks, including the
expenditure of funds on and devotion of management's time to projects which may
not come to fruition; the risk that construction costs of a project may exceed
original estimates, possibly making the project not economical; the risk that
occupancy rates and rents at a completed project will be less than anticipated;
and the risk that expenses at a completed development will be higher than
anticipated. These risks may result in a development project causing a reduction
in cash flow or operating results or the funds available for distribution.
GENERAL REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT RISKS
Real property investments are subject to a variety of risks. The yields
available from equity investments in real estate depend on the amount of income
generated and expenses incurred. If the Properties do not generate sufficient
income to meet operating expenses, including debt service and capital
expenditures, the Company's cash flow and ability to make distributions to its
stockholders will be adversely affected. The performance of the economy in each
of the areas in which the Properties are located affects occupancy, market
rental rates and expenses and, consequently, has an impact on the income from
the Properties and their underlying values. The financial results of major local
employers may have an impact on the cash flow and value of certain of the
Properties.
Increases in income, service or other taxes generally are not passed
through to tenants under leases and may adversely affect the Company's cash flow
or operating results and its ability to make distributions to stockholders.
Similarly, compliance with current federal, state or local laws, or changes in
such laws, including (i) laws increasing the potential liability for
environmental conditions existing on properties or the restrictions on
discharges or other conditions, (ii) rent control or rent stabilization laws or
other laws regulating housing or (iii) laws (such as the Americans with
Disabilities Act) requiring modifications to existing buildings to improve
access to such buildings by disabled persons, may result in significant
unanticipated expenditures, which would adversely affect the Company's cash flow
or operating results and its ability to make distributions to stockholders.
LACK OF GEOGRAPHIC DIVERSIFICATION
The Properties are located in California and the Pacific Northwest,
with the largest concentration in Southern California. Income from the
Properties may be adversely affected by the general economic climate, local
economic conditions in which the Properties are located, such as an oversupply
of space or a reduction in demand for rental space, the attractiveness of the
Properties to tenants, competition from other available space, the ability of
the Company to provide the adequate maintenance and insurance and increased
operating expenses. There is also the risk that as leases on the Properties
expire, tenants will enter into new leases on terms that are less favorable to
the Company. Income and real estate values may also be adversely affected by
such factors as applicable laws (e.g., ADA and tax laws), interest rate levels
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and the availability of financing. In addition, real estate investments are
relatively illiquid and, therefore, will tend to limit the ability of the
Company to vary its portfolio promptly in response to changes in economic or
other conditions.
AFFORDABLE HOUSING LAWS
Certain of the Company's Multifamily Properties are, and will be in the
future, subject to federal, state and local statutes or other restrictions
requiring that a percentage of apartment homes be made available to residents
whose incomes do not exceed a certain percentage of the local median. These laws
and regulations, as well as any changes thereto making it more difficult to meet
such requirements, or a reduction in or elimination of certain financing
advantages available to those persons satisfying such requirements, could
adversely affect the Company's profitability and its ability to develop certain
communities in the future.
A certain amount of the Properties are financed by tax-exempt
financing. The tax-exempt financing subjects these Properties to certain deed
restrictions and restrictive covenants. In addition, the Internal Revenue Code
of 1986, as amended, (the "Code") and the regulations promulgated thereunder
impose various restrictions, conditions and requirements relating to the
exclusion from gross income for Federal income tax purposes of interest on
qualified bond obligations, including requirements that at least 20% of
apartment units be occupied by residents with gross incomes that do not
exceed 50% of the median income for the applicable family size as determined by
the Housing and Urban Development Department of the Federal government. In
addition to Federal requirements, certain state and local authorities may impose
additional rental restrictions. The bond compliance requirements and the
requirements of any future tax-exempt bond financing utilized by the Company may
have the effect of limiting the Company's income from the tax-exempt median
income test. If the required number of apartment homes are not reserved form
residents satisfying these income requirements, the tax-exempt status of the
bonds may be terminated, the obligations of the Company under the bond documents
may be accelerated and other contractual remedies against the Company may be
available.
COMPETITION
Numerous industrial and residential properties compete with the
Properties in attracting tenants to lease space. Some of these competing
properties are newer, better located or better capitalized than the Properties.
The number of competitive properties in a particular area could have a material
effect on the Company's ability to lease space in its Properties or at newly
developed or acquired properties and on the rents charged.
POSSIBLE ENVIRONMENTAL LIABILITIES
Under various federal, state and local laws, ordinances and
regulations, an owner or operator of real estate is liable for the costs of
removal or remediation of certain hazardous or toxic substances on or in such
property. Such laws often impose such liability without regard to whether the
owner or operator knew of, or was responsible for, the presence of such
hazardous or toxic substances. The presence of such substances, or the failure
to properly remediate such substances, may adversely affect the owner's or
operator's ability to sell or rent such property or to borrow using such
property as collateral. Persons who arrange for the disposal or treatment of
hazardous or toxic substances may also be liable for the costs or removal or
remediation of such substances at a disposal or treatment facility, whether or
not such facility is owned or operated by such person. In connection with the
ownership (direct or indirect), operation, management and development of real
properties, the Company may be considered an owner or operator of
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such properties or as having arranged for the disposal or treatment of hazardous
or toxic substances and, therefore, may be potentially liable for removal or
remediation costs, as well as certain other costs, including governmental fines
and injuries to persons and property.
Certain environmental laws impose liability for any release of
asbestos-containing materials ("ACMs") into the air. In addition, third parties
may seek recovery from owners or operators of real properties for personal
injury associated with exposure to ACMs released from such properties. Limited
quantities of ACMs are present in various building materials such as floor
coverings, ceiling texture material, acoustical tiles and decorative treatments
located at certain Properties. The ACMs present at such Properties are generally
in good condition, and possess low probabilities for unintentional disturbance.
The Company has implemented operations and maintenance plans for Properties
where ACMs are present or reasonably suspected. It is the Company's general
policy that ACMs will be removed by the Company in the ordinary course of
renovation and construction.
Moreover, there may be potential liability associated with lead-based
paint arising from lawsuits alleging personal injury and related claims.
Typically, the existence of lead paint is more of a concern in residential units
than in commercial properties. Although a structure built prior to 1978 may
contain lead-based paint and may present a potential for exposure to lead,
structures built after 1978 are not likely to contain lead-based paint. Although
the Company's existing Multifamily Properties have not been tested for
lead-based paint, the majority were constructed after 1978, and therefore are
not likely to contain lead-based paint.
The Company also recognizes that the Properties' values may be affected
by the proximity of the Properties to electric transmission lines. Electric
transmission lines are one of many sources of electro-magnetic fields ("EMFs")
to which people may be exposed. Research completed regarding potential health
concerns associated with exposure to EMFs has produced inconclusive results.
Notwithstanding the lack of conclusive scientific evidence, some states now
regulate the strength of electric and magnetic fields emanating from electric
transmission lines, and other states have required transmission facilities to
measure for levels of EMFs. The Company understands that, on occasion, lawsuits
have been filed (primarily against electric utilities) that allege personal
injuries from exposure to transmission lines and EMFs, as well as from fear of
adverse health effects due to such exposure. This fear of adverse health effects
from transmission lines has been considered both when property values have been
determined to obtain financing, and in condemnation proceedings. The Company has
not searched for electric transmission lines near the Properties, but the
Company is aware of the potential exposure to damage claims by persons exposed
to EMFs.
Each of the Properties has been subjected to a Phase I or similar
environmental assessment. These assessments, completed by licensed and qualified
independent environmental consulting companies, usually are completed without
radon testing, and involve general inspections without soil sampling or
groundwater analysis. Some of the Properties have been subject to a limited
subsurface investigation. While these environmental assessments have not
revealed any environmental liability, no assurances can be given that such
assessments would reveal all such liabilities. Similarly, while the Company's
management is not aware of any environmental liability that it believes would
have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, assets or results of
operations, no assurances can be given that either a material environmental
condition does not otherwise exist as to any one or more of the Properties, or
that a prior owner of any of the Properties did not create any such condition
not known to the Company.
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GENERAL UNINSURED LOSSES
The Company carries comprehensive liability, fire, flood, extended
coverage and rental loss insurance for each of its Properties, with policy
specifications, limits and deductibles customarily carried for similar
properties. However, certain types of extraordinary losses exist which are
either uninsurable or not economically insurable. Further, all of the Properties
are located in areas subject to earthquake activity. Although the Company has
obtained certain limited earthquake insurance policies, should one or more of
the Properties sustain damage as a result of an earthquake, the Company may
sustain losses due to insurance deductibles and co-payments on insured or
uninsured losses.
ADVERSE CONSEQUENCES OF FAILURE TO QUALIFY AS A REIT
Tax Liabilities Upon Failure to Qualify as a REIT. The Company made the
election to be treated for Federal income tax purposes as a REIT under the Code.
No assurance can be given that the Company will operate in a manner enabling it
to remain so qualified. Qualification as a REIT involves the application of
numerous highly technical and complex Code provisions which have only a limited
number of judicial or administrative interpretations, and the determination of
various factual matters and circumstances not entirely within the Company's
control may impact its ability to qualify as a REIT. See "Federal Income Tax
Considerations." In addition, no assurance can be given that new legislation,
regulations, administrative interpretations or court decisions will not
significantly change the tax laws with respect to REIT qualification or the
Federal income tax consequences of such qualification.
If in any taxable year the Company does not qualify as a REIT, it would
be taxed as a regular corporation and distributions to its stockholders would
not be deductible by the Company in computing its taxable income. In addition,
unless entitled to relief under certain statutory provisions, the Company would
also be disqualified from REIT treatment for the four taxable years following
the year during which qualification was lost. This treatment would significantly
reduce the funds available for investment, distribution or payment to holders of
Securities because of the additional tax liability of the Company for the year
or years involved. In addition, the Company would no longer be required by the
Code to make any distributions.
To qualify as a REIT, the Company is required to distribute at least
95% of its taxable income to its stockholders each year. Possible timing
differences between receipt of income and payment of expenses, and the inclusion
and deduction of such amounts in determining taxable income, could require the
Company to borrow funds or dispose of assets in order to pay dividends, or to
reduce its dividends below the level necessary to maintain its qualification as
a REIT, which would have material adverse tax consequences.
Qualification of Certain Entities as Partnerships for Federal Income
Tax Purposes; Impact on REIT Status. PGP Inland Communities, L.P., the Company's
subsidiary operating partnership, and Pacific Inland Communities, LLC, the
entity used to effect certain tax-exempt financing of the Company (collectively,
the "Partnerships"), are intended to be treated as partnerships for Federal
income tax purposes. If the Internal Revenue Service, (the "IRS") were to
successfully challenge the status of either or both of the Partnerships as
partnerships for Federal income tax purposes, then either or both of the
Partnerships would be treated as an association taxable as a corporation. In
such event, for Federal income tax purposes the character of the Company's
assets and income pertaining to its interest in the Partnerships would change,
and could cause the Company to fail to meet the requirements for taxation as a
REIT for Federal income tax purposes and therefore to be taxed as a regular
corporation. The imposition
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of a corporate tax on the Company and on one or both of the Partnerships would
significantly reduce the funds available for investment, distribution or payment
to holders of the Securities.
Other REIT Taxes. Certain transactions or other events could lead to
the Company being taxed at rates ranging from 4% to 100% on certain income or
gains. See "Federal Income Tax Considerations."
DEPENDENCE ON KEY PERSONNEL
The Company's management has substantial experience in acquiring,
managing and financing industrial and multifamily properties. The Company
believes that its success will depend in significant part upon the efforts of
such persons and that it may be difficult to replace such persons with
individuals having comparable experience.
ISSUANCE OF SHARES MAY ADVERSELY AFFECT MARKET PRICE OF COMMON STOCK AND DILUTE
PER SHARE AMOUNTS AVAILABLE FOR DISTRIBUTION
Future issuances of substantial amounts of Common Stock upon conversion
of the Company's 8.375% Convertible Subordinated Debentures (the "Debentures")
could adversely affect the market price for the Common Stock and dilute per
share amounts available for distribution to stockholders. An aggregate of
$56,551,000 in principal amount of Debentures, convertible into an aggregate of
3,036,710 additional shares of Common Stock, was issued by the Company in
February 1994. In December 1996, the Company consummated an exchange offer
pursuant to which it issued an aggregate of 2,440,002 shares of Common Stock in
exchange for $42,069,000 in principal amount of Debentures (at a rate of 58
shares of Common Stock for each $1,000 principal amount of Debentures).
Accordingly, an aggregate of $14,437,000 in principal amount of Debentures is
currently outstanding. The Debentures are convertible at any time at the
election of the holders at a rate of 53.6986 shares of Common Stock per $1,000
principal amount of Debentures, resulting in 268,852 issuable shares.
DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK
The summary of the terms of the Company's Capital stock set forth below
does not purport to be complete and is subject to and qualified in its entirety
by reference to the Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws of the Company.
GENERAL
The Articles of Incorporation of the Company provide that the Company
may issue up to 60,000,000 shares of capital stock, consisting of 25,000,000
shares of common stock, par value $.01 per share (the "Common Stock"),
30,000,000 shares of excess stock, par value $.01 per share (the "Excess
Stock"), and 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $.01 per share (the
"Preferred Stock"). As of March 3, 1997, 12,058,273 shares of Common Stock were
issued and outstanding. On December 31, 1996, the Company entered into an
agreement to issue 1,351,351 shares of Class A Senior Cumulative Convertible
Preferred Stock to an institutional investor on or before December 31, 1997.
Under Maryland law, stockholders generally are not liable for a corporation's
debts or obligations.
COMMON STOCK
Any shares of Common Stock offered hereby by the Company will be issued
and delivered upon receipt of payment. Subject to the preferential rights of any
other shares or series of capital stock
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holders of Common Stock will be entitled to receive distributions on
such shares if, as and when authorized and declared by the Board of Directors of
the Company out of assets legally available therefor, and to share ratably in
the assets of the Company legally available for distribution to its stockholders
in the event of its liquidation, dissolution or winding-up after payment of, or
adequate provision for, all known debts and liabilities of the Company.
The Company commenced quarterly distributions on its Common Stock on
April 15, 1994, and intends to continue making quarterly distributions on the
outstanding shares of Common Stock.
Subject to the matters discussed under "Certain Provisions of Maryland
Law and of the Company's Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws -- Control Share
Acquisitions," each outstanding share of Common Stock entitles the holder to one
vote on all matters submitted to a vote of stockholders, including the election
of directors, and, except as otherwise required by law or except as provided
with respect to any other class or series of stock, the holders of such Common
Stock will possess the exclusive voting power. There is no cumulative voting in
the election of directors, which means that the holders of a plurality of the
outstanding Common Stock can elect all of the directors then standing for
election and the holders of the remaining Common Stock will not be able to elect
any directors.
Holders of Common Stock have no conversion, sinking fund, redemption
rights or preemptive rights to subscribe for any securities of the Company.
All shares of Common Stock will have equal dividend,
distribution, liquidation and other rights, and will have no preference,
appraisal or exchange rights.
Pursuant to the Maryland General Corporation Law (the "MGCL"), a
corporation generally cannot dissolve, amend its Articles of Incorporation,
merge, transfer all or substantially all of its assets, engage in a share
exchange or engage in certain similar fundamental transactions unless
recommended by the Board of Directors and approved by the affirmative vote of
stockholders holding at least two-thirds of the shares entitled to vote on the
matter unless a lesser percentage (but not less than a majority of all of the
votes entitled to be cast on the matter) is set forth in the corporation's
Articles of Incorporation. The Company's Articles of Incorporation require the
affirmative vote of stockholders holding at least a majority of all the votes
entitled to be cast on such matters. In addition, a number of other provisions
of the MGCL could have a significant effect on the Common Stock and the rights
and obligations of holders thereof. See "Certain Provisions of Maryland Law and
of the Company's Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws."
The transfer agent and registrar for the Common Stock is Harris Trust
Company of California.
Purchasers of Common Stock will be subject to the restrictions on
ownership and transfer of the capital stock of the Company described below under
the heading "Ownership and Transfer Restrictions and Redemption Provisions."
Such provisions could affect a purchaser's ability to vote, to receive dividend
and other distributions, to convert or to otherwise obtain the benefit of
Securities.
CLASS A SENIOR CUMULATIVE CONVERTIBLE PREFERRED STOCK
On December 31, 1996, the Company entered into an agreement to issue
1,351,351 shares of Class A Senior Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock (the
"Class A Preferred Shares") to Five Arrows Realty Securities L.L.C. ("Five
Arrows") at a price of $18.50 per share. The Company is obligated to issue the
Class A Preferred Shares over the course of 1997 in a maximum of three separate
issuances, the timing of which may be specified by the Company, provided that
the Company will be charged with certain availability fees if all of the Class A
Preferred Shares are not issued before July 1, 1997. On April 3, 1997, the
Company consummated the first of these closings and sold to Five Arrows 270,270
Class A Preferred Shares pursuant to such agreement for an aggregate purchase
price of $5 million. Management
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believes the issuance of Class A Preferred Shares will provide the Company with
ready access to additional capital in order to complete additional acquisitions
or to provide additional working capital.
The holders of the Class A Preferred Shares and the holders of the
Common Stock vote together as a single class. Each Class A Preferred Share is
convertible into one share of Common Stock, subject to adjustment upon certain
events. The annual dividend per share on the Class A Preferred Shares is (i)
$1.70 from the date of issuance until December 31, 1997, and (ii) the greater of
$1.70 or 104% of the then-current dividend on the Common Stock thereafter. The
liquidation preference of the Class A Preferred Shares is $18.50 per share, plus
an amount equal to any accumulated, accrued and unpaid dividends. The Company
may redeem the Class A Preferred Shares beginning on December 31, 2001 for cash
in an amount equal to $18.50 per Class A Preferred Share plus accrued and unpaid
dividends and plus a premium initially equal to 6.0% of $18.50. This premium
decreases to zero after December 31, 2009.
The Company has granted to Five Arrows, for as long as Five Arrows
maintains its ownership of either all of the Class A Preferred Shares or an
amount of voting securities that, if converted into Common Stock, would exceed
10% of the outstanding Common Stock, a seat on the Company's Board of Directors.
In addition, upon the occurrence of the failure of the Company to pay a
quarterly dividend on the Common Stock in an amount of at least $.40 per share,
the failure of the Company to meet certain earnings before interest,
depreciation and amortization budgets for three consecutive quarters or the
failure of the Company to pay accrued dividends on the Class A Preferred Shares,
Five Arrows would be granted one additional seat on the Board.
Five Arrows is prohibited from transferring any Class A Preferred
Shares, or any shares of Common Stock into which such Class A Preferred Shares
have been converted, until December 31, 1997. At that time, Five Arrows will
have the right, subject to certain conditions, to demand the Company effect the
registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, of the Class A
Preferred Shares or the shares of Common Stock into which such Class A Preferred
Shares have been converted.
OWNERSHIP AND TRANSFER RESTRICTIONS AND REDEMPTION PROVISIONS
For the Company to qualify as a REIT under the Code, not more than 50%
in value of its issued and outstanding capital stock may be owned, directly or
constructively, by five or fewer individuals (as defined in the Code to include
certain entities) during the last half of a taxable year, and the shares of
issued and outstanding capital stock of the Company must be beneficially owned
by 100 or more persons during at least 335 days of a taxable year of twelve
months (or during a proportionate part of a shorter taxable year). Because it is
essential for the Company to qualify as a REIT, the Articles of Incorporation
include certain provisions restricting the acquisition of the Company's capital
stock, including Common Stock and Preferred Stock (the "Ownership Limit
Provision").
The Ownership Limit Provision provides that, subject to certain
exceptions, no stockholder may own, or be deemed to own by virtue of the
constructive ownership provisions of the Code, more than the "Ownership Limit,"
which is equal to 9.8% in value or in number, whichever is more restrictive, of
the issued and outstanding capital stock of the Company. The constructive
ownership rules are complex and may cause capital stock owned directly or
constructively by a group of related individuals or entities to be
constructively owned by one individual or entity. As a result, the acquisition
of less than 9.8% in value or in number of shares of the capital stock (or the
acquisition of an interest in an entity which owns Common Stock) by an
individual or entity could cause that individual or entity (or another
individual or entity) to constructively own in excess of 9.8% in value or in
number of the issued and outstanding capital stock of
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the Company, and thus subject such capital stock to the Ownership Limit. In
addition, for these purposes, Common Stock that may be acquired upon conversion
of Securities owned or deemed owned by an investor, but not other Common Stock,
is deemed to be owned by the investor and outstanding prior to conversion, for
purposes of determining the percentage of ownership of capital stock owned by
that investor.
The Board of Directors may waive the Ownership Limit with respect to a
particular stockholder if such person is not an individual for purposes of
applying the "five or fewer" rule described above, the Board of Directors
obtains such representations and undertakings as are reasonably necessary to
ascertain that no individual's actual or deemed ownership of capital stock will
violate the Ownership Provision, and such person agrees that, if the IRS Ruling
Satisfactory to the Corporation has been obtained, a violation of such
representations and undertakings will result in such capital stock being
exchanged for Excess Stock. As a condition of such waiver, the Board of
Directors may require a ruling from the IRS or an opinion of counsel
satisfactory to it in its sole discretion as it may deem necessary or advisable
in order to determine or ensure the Company's status as a REIT. The ability of
the Board of Directors to waive the Ownership Limit Provision does not apply to
a waiver that would result in capital stock being beneficially owned by fewer
that 100 persons or that would result in a violation of the "five or fewer" rule
discussed above. In connection with its acquisition of the Class A Preferred
Shares, Five Arrows has been given a limited waiver of the Ownership Provision.
The Articles of Incorporation provide that a transfer or other event
that results in a person owning capital stock in excess of the Ownership Limit
is null and void ab initio as to the intended transferee or purported owner, and
the intended transferee or purported owner acquires or retains no rights or
economic interest in those shares of capital stock. However, if the Company
obtains a ruling by the United States Internal Revenue Service ( the "IRS"),
that provides in form and substance satisfactory to the Board of Directors of
the Company that the issuance by the Company of Excess Stock and the immediate
conversion of the Common Stock or Preferred Stock into such Excess Stock will
not cause the Company to fail to satisfy the requirements that must be met to
qualify for treatment as a REIT (an "IRS Ruling Satisfactory to the
Corporation"), capital stock purportedly owned, or deemed to be owned, or
transferred to a person in excess of the Ownership Limit, will automatically be
exchanged for Excess Stock that will be transferred, by operation of law, to a
trust for the exclusive benefit of the transferee or transferees to whom the
capital stock may ultimately be transferred (without violating the Ownership
Limit). The Excess Stock will possess such terms, limitations and rights as set
forth in Articles Supplementary adopted by the Board of Directors and filed of
record with the Maryland State Department of Assessments and Taxation and as are
necessary or prudent to enable the Company to obtain the IRS Ruling Satisfactory
to the Corporation. It is anticipated that the proposed transferee or owner will
not be entitled to vote, and will not be entitled to participate in any
appreciation of, or any distributions made by the Company in respect of, such
Excess Stock. It is also anticipated that any dividend or distribution paid on
Excess Stock to a purported transferee or owner prior to discovery by the
Company that such shares have become purportedly owned in violation of the
Ownership Limit Provision shall be held for the benefit of the beneficiary of
the trust in which such shares are held. In addition, the Company would have the
right, for a period of 90 days, to purchase all or any portion of the Excess
Stock at a price equal to the lesser of the price paid for the shares of capital
stock by the intended transferee or owner and the closing market price for the
shares of capital stock on the date the Company exercises its option to purchase
the capital stock. This 90-day period commences on the date of the violative
transfer of ownership if the intended transferee or owner gives notice of the
transfer to the Company as required by the Articles of Incorporation, or the
date the Board of Directors determines that a violative transfer has occurred
with no such notice is provided.
The Ownership Limit will not be automatically removed even if the REIT
provisions of the Code are changed so as to no longer contain any ownership
concentration limitation or if the Board of Directors and the stockholders of
the Company determine that it is no longer in the best interest of the Company
to
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attempt to qualify, or to continue to qualify, as a REIT. Except as otherwise
described above, any change of the Ownership Limit would require an amendment to
the Articles of Incorporation. Amendments to the Articles of Incorporation
require recommendation by the Board of Directors and the affirmative vote of
stockholders holding at least a majority of all the votes entitled to be cast on
the matter. In addition to preserving the Company's status as a REIT, the
Ownership Limit may have the effect of precluding an acquisition of control of
the Company without the approval of the Board of Directors.
All certificates representing shares of capital stock will bear a
legend referring to the restrictions described above.
All persons who own a specified percentage (or more) of outstanding
capital stock must file an affidavit with the Company containing information
regarding their ownership of capital stock, as set forth in the Treasury
Regulations. Under current Treasury Regulations, the percentage will be set
between one-half of one percent and five percent, depending on the number of
record holders of capital stock. In addition, each stockholder shall upon demand
by the Company be required to disclose to the Company in writing such
information with respect to the direct, indirect and constructive ownership of
shares as the Board of Directors deems necessary to comply with the provisions
of the Code applicable to a REIT or to comply with the requirements of any
taxing authority or government agency.
The ownership limitations could have the effect of discouraging a
takeover or other transaction in which holders of some, or a majority, of
capital stock might receive a premium for their shares over the then prevailing
market price or which such holders might believe to be otherwise in their best
interest.
DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED STOCK
GENERAL
The following description of terms of the Preferred Stock sets forth
certain general terms and provisions of the Preferred Stock to which any
Prospectus Supplement may relate. Certain other terms of any series of the
Preferred Stock offered by any Prospectus Supplement will be described in such
Prospectus Supplement. The description of certain provisions of the Preferred
Stock set forth below and in any Prospectus Supplement does not purport to be
complete and is subject to and qualified in its entirety by reference to the
Company's Articles of Incorporation and the Board of Directors' resolution or
resolutions relating to each series of the Preferred Stock which will be filed
with the Commission and incorporated by reference as an exhibit to the
Registration Statement of which this Prospectus is a part at or prior to the
time of the issuance of such series of Preferred Stock.
Subject to limitations prescribed by the MGCL and the Articles of
Incorporation, the Board of Directors is authorized to issue shares of Preferred
Stock in one or more series, to establish from time to time the number of shares
of Preferred Stock to be included in any such series and to fix for any such
series the designation and any preferences, conversion and other rights, voting
powers, restrictions, limitations as to dividends, qualifications and terms and
conditions of redemption. The Company is authorized to issue five million shares
of Preferred Stock. On December 31, 1996, the Company entered into an agreement
to issue 1,351,351 shares of Class A Senior Cumulative Convertible Preferred
Stock to an institutional investor on or before December 31, 1997. On April 3,
1997, the Company issued and sold 270,270 shares of such stock to such
institutional investor. See "Description of Capital Stock--Class A Senior
Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock."
The Preferred Stock shall have the dividend, liquidation, redemption
and voting rights set forth below, unless otherwise provided in a Prospectus
Supplement relating to a particular series of the Preferred Stock. Reference is
made to the Prospectus Supplement relating to the particular series of the
Preferred
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Stock offered thereby for specific terms, including: (i) the designation and
stated value per share of such Preferred Stock and the number of shares offered;
(ii) the amount of liquidation preference per share; (iii) the initial public
offering price at which such Preferred Stock will be issued; (iv) the dividend
rate (or method of calculation), the dates on which dividends shall be payable
and the dates from which dividends shall commence to cumulate, if any; (v) any
redemption or sinking fund provisions; (vi) any conversion right; (vii) any
listing of the Preferred Stock on any securities exchange; (viii) any additional
voting, dividend, liquidation, redemption, sinking fund and other rights,
preferences, privileges, limitations and restrictions not in conflict with the
Articles of Incorporation or the MGCL; (ix) a discussion of Federal income tax
considerations applicable to the Preferred Stock; (x) the relative ranking and
preferences of the Preferred Stock as to dividends and rights upon liquidation;
and (xi) any limitations on direct or beneficial ownership and restrictions on
transfer. The Preferred Stock will, when issued for lawful consideration
therefor, be fully paid and nonassessable and will have no preemptive rights.
Unless otherwise indicated in a Prospectus Supplement relating thereto,
Harris Trust Company of California will be the transfer agent and registrar for
shares of each series of Preferred Stock.
RANK
Unless otherwise specified in the Prospectus Supplement, the Preferred
Stock will, with respect to dividend rights upon liquidation, dissolution or
winding up of the Company, rank: (i) senior to all classes or series of Common
Stock and to all equity securities ranking junior to such Preferred Stock; (ii)
on a parity with all equity securities issued by the Company the terms of which
specifically provide that such equity securities rank on a parity with the
Preferred Stock; and (iii) junior to all equity securities issued by the Company
the terms of which specifically provide that such equity securities rank senior
to the Preferred Stock. The rights of the holders of each series of Preferred
Stock will be subordinate to those of the Company's general creditors.
DIVIDENDS
Holders of each series of Preferred Stock shall be entitled to receive,
when, as and if declared by the Board of Directors, out of assets of the Company
legally available for payment, cash dividends at such rates and on such dates as
will be set forth in the applicable Prospectus Supplement. Such rate may be
fixed or variable or both. Each such dividend shall be payable to holders of
record as they appear on the share transfer books of the Company on such record
dates as shall be fixed by the Board of Directors, as specified in the
Prospectus Supplement relating to such series of Preferred Stock.
Dividends on any series of Preferred Stock may be cumulative or
noncumulative, as provided in the applicable Prospectus Supplement. Dividends,
if cumulative, will be cumulative from and after the date set forth in the
applicable Prospectus Supplement. If the Board of Directors fails to declare a
dividend payable on a dividend payment date on any series of Preferred Stock for
which dividends are noncumulative, then the holders of such series of Preferred
Stock will have no right to receive a dividend in respect of the dividend period
ending on such dividend payment date, and the Company will have no obligation to
pay the dividend accrued for such period, whether or not dividends on such
series are declared payable on any future dividend payment date. Dividends on
shares of each series of Preferred Stock for which dividends are cumulative will
accrue from the date on which the Company initially issues shares of such
series.
So long as any series of Preferred Stock shall be outstanding, unless:
(i) full dividends (including, if such dividends are cumulative, dividends for
prior dividend periods) shall have been paid or declared and set apart for
payment on all outstanding shares of Preferred Stock of such series and all
other classes and
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series of Preferred Stock (other than "Junior Stock," as defined below); and
(ii) the Company is not in default or in arrears with respect to the mandatory
or optional redemption or mandatory repurchase or other mandatory retirement of,
or with respect to any sinking or other analogous fund for, any shares of
Preferred Stock of such series or any other Preferred Stock of any class or
series (other than Junior Stock), the Company may not declare any dividends on
any Common Stock or any other equity securities of the Company ranking as to
dividends or distributions of assets junior to such series of Preferred Stock
(the Common Stock and any such other equity securities being herein referred to
as "Junior Stock"), or make any payment on account of, or set apart money for
the purchase, redemption of other retirement of or for a sinking or other
analogous fund, for any Junior Stock or make any distribution in respect
thereof, whether in cash or property or in obligations or equity securities of
the Company, other than shares of Junior Stock which are neither convertible
into, nor exchangeable or exercisable for, any securities of the Company other
than shares of Junior Stock.
Any dividend payment made on a series of Preferred Stock shall first be
credited against the earliest accrued but unpaid dividend due with respect to
shares of such series which remains payable.
REDEMPTION
A series of Preferred Stock may be redeemable in whole or in part, from
time to time, at the option of the Company, or may be subject to mandatory
redemption pursuant to a sinking fund or otherwise, in each case upon the terms,
at the times and at the redemption prices set forth in the Prospectus Supplement
related to such series. Shares of Preferred Stock redeemed by the Company will
be restored to the status of authorized but unissued Preferred Stock of the
Company.
The Prospectus Supplement relating to a series of Preferred Stock that
is subject to mandatory redemption will specify the number of shares of such
Preferred Stock that shall be redeemed by the Company in each year commencing
after a date to be specified, at a redemption price per share to be specified,
together with an amount equal to all accrued and unpaid dividends thereon (which
shall not, if such Preferred Stock does not have a cumulative dividend, include
any accumulation in respect of unpaid dividends for prior dividend periods) to
the date of redemption. The redemption price may be payable in cash or other
property, as specified in the applicable Prospectus Supplement. If the
redemption price for Preferred Stock of any series is payable only from the net
proceeds of the issuance of equity securities of the Company, the terms of such
series of Preferred Stock may provide that, if no such equity securities shall
have been issued or, to the extent the net proceeds from any issuance are
insufficient to pay in full the aggregate redemption price then due, such
Preferred Stock shall automatically and mandatorily be converted into the
applicable equity securities of the Company pursuant to conversion provisions
specified in the applicable Prospectus Supplement.
So long as any dividends on shares of any series of Preferred Stock or
any other series of Preferred Stock of the Company ranking on a parity as to
dividends and distribution of assets with such series of Preferred Stock are in
arrears, no shares of any such series of Preferred Stock or such other series of
Preferred Stock of the Company will be redeemed (whether by mandatory or
optional redemption) unless all such shares are simultaneously redeemed, and the
Company will not purchase or otherwise acquire any such shares; provided,
however, that the foregoing will not prevent the purchase or acquisition of such
shares pursuant to a purchase or exchange offer made on the same terms to
holders of all such shares outstanding.
In the event that fewer than all of the outstanding shares of a series
of Preferred Stock are to be redeemed, whether by mandatory or optional
redemption, the number of shares to be redeemed will be
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determined by lot or pro rata (subject to rounding to avoid fractional shares)
as may be determined by the Company or by any other method as may be determined
by the Company in its sole discretion to be equitable. From and after the
redemption date (unless default shall be made by the Company in providing for
the payment of the redemption price plus accumulated and unpaid dividends, if
any), dividends shall cease to accumulate on the shares of Preferred Stock
called for redemption and all rights of the holders thereof (except the right to
receive the redemption price plus accumulated and unpaid dividends, if any)
shall cease.
LIQUIDATION PREFERENCE
Upon any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding
up of the affairs of the Company, then, before any distribution or payment shall
be made to the holders of any Junior Stock, the holders of each series of
Preferred Stock shall be entitled to receive out of assets of the Company
legally available for distribution to stockholders, liquidating distributions in
the amount of the liquidation preference per share (set forth in the applicable
Prospectus Supplement), plus an amount equal to all dividends accrued and unpaid
thereon (which shall not include any accumulation in respect of unpaid dividends
for prior dividend periods if such Preferred Stock does not have a cumulative
dividend). After payment of the full amount of the liquidating distributions to
which they are entitled, the holders of Preferred Stock will have no right or
claim to any of the remaining assets of the Company. In the event that, upon any
such voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up, the
available assets of the Company are insufficient to pay the amount of the
liquidating distributions on all outstanding Preferred Stock and the
corresponding amounts payable on all shares of other classes or series of equity
securities of the Company ranking on a parity with the Preferred Stock in the
distribution of assets, then the holders of the Preferred Stock and all other
such classes or series of equity securities shall share ratably in any such
distribution of assets in proportion to the full liquidating distributions to
which they would otherwise be respectively entitled.
If liquidating distributions shall have been made in full to all
holders of Preferred Stock, the remaining assets of the Company shall be
distributed among the holders of shares of Junior Stock, according to their
respective rights and preferences and in each case according to their respective
number of shares. For such purposes, the consolidation or merger of the Company
with or into any other corporation, or the sale, lease or conveyance of all or
substantially all of the assets or business of the Company, shall not be deemed
to constitute a liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company.
VOTING RIGHTS
Except as indicated below or in a Prospectus Supplement relating to a
particular series of Preferred Stock, or except as required by applicable law,
holders of the Preferred Stock will not be entitled to vote for any purpose.
So long as any series of Preferred Stock remains outstanding, the
consent or the affirmative vote of the holders of at least a majority of the
votes entitled to be cast with respect to the then outstanding shares of such
series of Preferred Stock together with any "Other Preferred Stock" (as defined
below), voting as one class, either expressed in writing or at a meeting called
for that purpose, will be necessary: (i) to permit, effect or validate the
authorization, or any increase in the authorized amount, of any class or series
of equity securities of the Company ranking prior to Preferred Stock of such
series as to dividends, voting or upon distribution of assets; and (ii) to
repeal, amend or otherwise change any of the provisions applicable to the
Preferred Stock of such series in any manner which adversely affects the powers,
preferences, voting power or other rights or privileges of such series of
Preferred Stock. In case any series
20
<PAGE> 23
of Preferred Stock would be so affected by any such action referred to in clause
(ii) above in a different manner than one or more series of Other Preferred
Stock which will also be affected, the holders of the Preferred Stock of such
series, together with any series of Other Preferred Stock which will be
similarly affected, will be entitled to be cast with respect to each such series
of Preferred Stock and Other Preferred Stock then outstanding, in lieu of the
consent or affirmative vote hereinafter otherwise required.
With respect to any matter as to which the Preferred Stock of any
series is entitled to vote, holders of the Preferred Stock of such series and
any other series of Preferred Stock ranking on a parity with such series of
Preferred Stock as to dividends and distributions of assets and which by its
terms provides for similar voting rights (the "Other Preferred Stock") will be
entitled to cast the number of votes set forth in the Prospectus Supplement with
respect to that series of Preferred Stock. As a result of the provisions
described in the preceding paragraph requiring the holders of shares of a series
of Preferred Stock to vote together as a class with the holders of shares of one
or more series of Other Preferred Stock, it is possible that the holders of such
shares of Other Preferred Stock could approve actions that would adversely
affect such series of Preferred Stock, including the creation of a class of
shares of stock ranking prior to such shares of Preferred Stock as to dividends,
voting or distributions of assets.
CONVERSION RIGHTS
The terms and conditions, if any, upon which shares of any series of
Preferred Stock are convertible into Common Stock will be set forth in the
applicable Prospectus Supplement relating thereto. Such terms will include the
number of shares of Common Stock into which the Preferred Stock is convertible,
the conversion price (or manner of calculation thereof), the conversion period,
the provisions as to whether conversion will be at the option of the holders of
the Preferred Stock or the Company, the events requiring an adjustment of the
conversion price and the provisions affecting conversion.
21
<PAGE> 24
DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS
The Company may issue warrants to purchase Debt Securities (the "Debt
Warrants"), Preferred Stock (the "Preferred Stock Warrants") or Common Stock
(the "Common Stock Warrants," collectively with the Debt Warrants and the
Preferred Stock Warrants, the "Warrants"). Warrants may be issued independently
or together with any Securities and may be attached to or separate from such
Securities. The Warrants are to be issued under warrant agreements (each, a
"Warrant Agreement") to be entered into between the Company and a bank or trust
company, as warrant agent (the "Warrant Agent"), all as shall be set forth in
the Prospectus Supplement relating to the Warrants being offered pursuant
thereto.
DEBT WARRANTS
The applicable Prospectus Supplement will describe the terms of Debt
Warrants offered thereby, the Warrant Agreement relating to such Debt Warrants
and the debt warrant certificates representing such Debt Warrants, including the
following: (1) the title of such Debt Warrants; (2) the aggregate number of such
Debt Warrants; (3) the price or prices at which such Debt Warrants will be
issued; (4) the designation, aggregate principal amount and terms of the Debt
Securities purchasable upon exercise of such Debt Warrants, and the procedures
and conditions relating to the exercise of such Debt Warrants; (5) the
designation and terms of any related Debt Securities with which such Debt
Warrants are issued, and the number of such Debt Warrants issued with each such
security; (6) the date, if any, on and after such Debt Warrants and the related
Debt Securities will be separately transferable; (7) the principal amount of
Debt Securities purchasable upon exercise of each Debt Warrant, and the price at
which such principal amount of Debt Securities may be purchased upon such
exercise; (8) the date on which the right to exercise such Debt Warrants shall
commence, and the date on which such right shall expire; (9) the maximum or
minimum number of such Debt Warrants that may be exercised at any time; (10) a
discussion of material federal income tax considerations, if any; and (11) any
other terms of such Debt Warrants and terms, procedures and limitations relating
to the exercise of such Debt Warrants.
Debt Warrant certificates will be exchangeable for new Debt Warrant
certificates of different denominations, and Debt Warrants may be exercised at
the corporate trust office of the Warrant Agent or any other office indicated in
the Prospectus Supplement. Prior to the exercise of their Debt Warrants, holders
of Debt Warrants will not have any of the rights of holders of the securities
purchasable upon such exercise and will not be entitled to payments of principal
of (or premium, if any) or interest, if any, on the securities purchasable upon
such exercise.
OTHER WARRANTS
The applicable Prospectus Supplement will describe the following terms
of Preferred Stock Warrants and Common Stock Warrants in respect of which this
Prospectus is being delivered: (1) the title of such Warrants; (2) the
Securities for which such Warrants are exerciseable; (3) the price or prices at
which such Warrants will be issued; (4) the number of such Warrants issued with
each share of Preferred Stock or Common Stock: (5) the number of Securities
purchaseable upon exercise of such Warrants and the price at which such
Securities may be purchased upon such exercise; (6) any provisions for
adjustment of the number or amount of shares of Preferred Stock or Common Stock
receivable upon exercise of such Warrants or the exercise price of such
Warrants; (7) if applicable, the date on and after which such Warrants and the
related Preferred Stock or Common Stock will be separately transferable; (8) if
applicable, a discussion of material federal income tax considerations; (9) any
other terms of such Warrants, including terms, procedures and limitations
relating to the exchange and exercise of such Warrants; (10) the date on which
the right to exercise such Warrants shall commence, and the date on
22
<PAGE> 25
which such right shall expire; and (11) the maximum or minimum number of such
Warrants that may be exercised at any time.
EXERCISE OF WARRANTS
Each Warrant will entitle the holder of Warrants to purchase for cash
such principal amount of Debt Securities or shares of Preferred Stock or Common
Stock at such exercise price as shall in each case be set forth in, or be
determinable as set forth in, the Prospectus Supplement relating to the Warrants
offered thereby. Warrants may be exercised at any time up to the close of
business on the expiration date set forth in the Prospectus Supplement relating
to the Warrants offered thereby. After the close of business on the expiration
date, unexercised Warrants will become void.
Warrants may be exercised as set forth in the Prospectus Supplement
relating to the Warrants offered thereby. Upon receipt of payment and the
warrant certificate properly completed and duly executed at the corporate trust
office of the Warrant Agent or any other office indicated in the Prospectus
Supplement, the Company will, as soon as practicable, forward the Debt
Securities or shares of Preferred Stock or Common Stock purchasable upon such
exercise. If less than all of the Warrants represented by such warrant
certificate are exercised, a new warrant certificate will be issued for the
remaining Warrants.
OWNERSHIP AND TRANSFER RESTRICTIONS
Purchasers of Warrants will be subject to the restrictions on ownership
and transfer of the capital stock of the Company described above under the
heading "Description of Capital Stock--Ownership and Transfer Restrictions and
Redemption Provisions." Such provisions could affect a purchaser's ability to
vote, to receive dividend and other distributions, to convert or to otherwise
obtain the benefit of Securities.
23
<PAGE> 26
DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES
The following sets forth certain general terms and provisions of the
Indenture under which the Debt Securities are to be issued. The particular terms
of the Debt Securities will be set forth in a Prospectus Supplement relating to
such Debt Securities.
The Debt Securities are to be issued under an Indenture, as amended or
supplemented from time to time (the "Indenture"), between the Company and a
Trustee chosen by the Company and qualified to act as such under the Trust
Indenture Act of 1939 as amended (the "TIA") (together with any other trustee(s)
appointed in a supplemental indenture with respect to a particular series, the
"Trustee"). The Indenture has been filed as an exhibit to the Registration
Statement of which this Prospectus is a part and will be available for
inspection at the corporate trust office of the Trustee, or as described above
under "Available Information." The Indenture is subject to, and governed by, the
TIA. The Company will execute the Indenture if and when the Company issues the
Debt Securities. The statements made hereunder relating to the Indenture and the
Debt Securities to be issued hereunder are summaries of certain provisions
thereof and do not purport to be complete and are subject to, and are qualified
in their entirety by reference to, all provisions of the Indenture and such Debt
Securities. All section references appearing herein are to sections of the
Indenture, and capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the
respective meanings set forth in the Indenture.
GENERAL
The Debt Securities will be direct, unsecured obligations of the Company.
Except for any series of Debt Securities which is specifically subordinated to
other indebtedness of the Company, the Debt Securities will rank equally with
all other unsecured and unsubordinated indebtedness of the Company. Under the
Indenture, the Debt Securities may be issued without limit as to aggregate
principal amount, in one or more series, in each case as established from time
to time in or pursuant to authority granted by a resolution of the Board of
Directors of the Company or as established in one or more indentures
supplemental to the Indenture. All Debt Securities of one series need not be
issued at the same time and, unless otherwise provided, a series may be
reopened, without the consent of the Holders of the Debt Securities of such
series, for issuances of additional Debt Securities of such series (Section
301).
The Indenture provides that there may be more than one Trustee thereunder,
each with respect to one or more series of Debt Securities. Any Trustee under
the Indenture may resign or be removed with respect to one or more series of
Debt Securities, and a successor Trustee may be appointed to act with respect to
such series (Section 608). In the event that two or more persons are acting as
Trustee with respect to different series of Debt Securities, each such Trustee
shall be a trustee of a trust under the Indenture separate and apart from the
trust administered by any other Trustee (Section 609), and, except otherwise
indicated herein, any action described herein to be taken by the Trustee may be
taken by each such Trustee with respect to, and only with respect to, the one or
more series of Debt Securities for which it is Trustee under the Indenture.
<PAGE> 27
TERMS
Reference is made to the Prospectus Supplement relating to the series of
Debt Securities being offered for the specific terms thereof, including:
(1) the title of such Debt Securities;
(2) the aggregate principal amount of such Debt Securities and any
limit on such aggregate principal amount;
(3) the percentage of the principal amount at which such Debt Securities
will be issued and, if other than the principal amount thereof, the
portion of the principal amount thereof payable upon declaration of
acceleration of the maturity thereof, or (if applicable) the portion
of the principal amount of such Debt Securities which is convertible
into Common Stock or Preferred Stock, or the method by which any
such portion shall be determined;
(4) the date or dates, or the method for determining such date or dates,
on which the principal of such Debt Securities will be payable;
(5) the rate or rates (which may be fixed or variable), or the method by
which such rate or rates shall be determined, at which such Debt
Securities will bear interest, if any;
(6) the date or dates, or the method for determining such date or dates,
from which any such interest will accrue, the Interest Payment Dates
on which any such interest will be payable, the Regular Record Dates
for such Interest Payment Dates, or the method by which such Dates
shall be determined, the Person to whom such interest shall be
payable, and the basis upon which interest shall be calculated if
other than that of a 360-day year of twelve 30-day months;
(7) the place or places where (i) the principal of (and premium, if any)
and interest, if any, on such Debt Securities will be payable, (ii)
such Debt Securities may be surrendered for conversion or
registration of transfer, exchange or conversion and (iii) notices
or demands to or upon the Company in respect of such Debt Securities
and the Indenture may be served;
(8) the period or periods within which, or the date or dates on which,
the price or prices at which and the terms and conditions upon which
such Debt Securities may be redeemed, as a whole or in part, at the
option of the Company, if the Company is to have such an option;
(9) the obligation, if any, of the Company to redeem, repay or
repurchase such Debt Securities pursuant to any sinking fund or
analogous provisions or at the option of a Holder thereof, and the
period or periods within which, or the date or dates on which, the
price or prices at which and the terms and conditions upon which
such
<PAGE> 28
Debt Securities are required to be redeemed, repaid or purchased, as
a whole or in part, pursuant to such obligation;
(10) if other than U.S. dollars, the currency or currencies in which such
Debt Securities are denominated and/or payable, which may be a
foreign currency or units of two or more foreign currencies or a
composite currency or currencies, and the terms and conditions
relating thereto;
(11) whether the amount of payments of principal of (and premium, if any)
or interest, if any, on such Debt Securities may be determined with
reference to an index, formula or other method (which index, formula
or method may, but need not be, based on a currency, currencies,
currency unit or units or composite currency or currencies) and the
manner in which such amounts shall be determined;
(12) any additions to, modifications of or deletions from the terms of
such Debt Securities with respect to the Events of Default or
covenants or other provisions set forth in the Indenture;
(13) whether such Debt Securities will be issued in certificated or
book-entry from;
(14) whether such Debt Securities will be in registered or bearer form
and, if in registered form, the denominations thereof if other than
$1,000 and any integral multiple thereof and, if in bearer form, the
denominations thereof and terms and conditions relating thereto;
(15) the applicability, if any, of the defeasance and covenant
defeasance provisions of Article XIV of the Indenture;
(16) if such Debt Securities are to be issued upon the exercise of debt
warrants, the time, manner and place for such Debt Securities to be
authenticated and delivered;
(17) the terms, if any, upon which such Debt Securities may be
convertible into Common Stock or Preferred Stock of the Company and
the terms and conditions upon which such conversion will be
effected, including, without limitation, the initial conversion
price or rate, the conversion period and, in connection with the
preservation of the Company's status as a REIT, limitations on the
ownership of the Common Stock or Preferred Stock into which such
Debt Securities are convertible;
(18) the terms and conditions, if any, upon which such Debt Securities
may be subordinated to other indebtedness of the Company;
(19) whether and under what circumstances the Company will pay Additional
Amounts as contemplated in the Indenture on such Debt Securities in
respect of any tax, assessment or governmental charge and, if so,
whether the Company will
<PAGE> 29
have the option to redeem such Debt Securities in lieu of making
such payment; and
(20) any other terms of such Debt Securities not inconsistent with the
provisions of the Indenture (Section 301).
The Debt Securities may provide for less than the entire principal amount
thereof to be payable upon declaration of acceleration of the maturity thereof
("Original Issue Discount Securities"). Special U.S. federal income tax,
accounting and other considerations applicable to the Original Issue Discount
Securities will be described in the applicable Prospectus Supplement.
The Indenture does not contain any provisions that would limit the ability
of the Company to incur indebtedness or that would afford Holders of Debt
Securities protection in the event of a highly leveraged or similar transaction
involving the Company. However, restrictions on ownership and transfers of the
Common Stock and Preferred Stock, designed to preserve the Company's status as a
REIT, may prevent or hinder a change of control. Reference is made to the
applicable Prospectus Supplement for information with respect to any deletions
from, modifications of or additions to the Events of Default or covenants of the
Company that are described below, including any addition of a covenant or other
provision providing event risk or similar protection.
DENOMINATIONS, INTEREST, REGISTRATION AND TRANSFER
Unless otherwise described in the applicable Prospectus Supplement, the
Debt Securities of any series will be issuable in denominations of $1,000 and
integral multiples thereof (Section 302).
Unless otherwise specified in the applicable Prospectus Supplement, the
principal of (and premium, if any) and interest on any series of Debt Securities
will be payable at the corporate trust office of the Trustee, provided that, at
the option of the Company, payment of interest may be made by check mailed to
the address of the Person entitled thereto as it appears in the Security
Register or by wire transfer of funds to such Person at an account maintained
within the United States (Sections 301, 305, 307 and 1002).
All amounts paid by the Company to a paying agent or a Trustee for the
payment of the principal of or any premium or interest on any Debt Security
which remain unclaimed at the end of two years after the principal, premium or
interest has become due and payable will be repaid to the Company, and the
holder of the Debt Security thereafter may look only to the Company for payment
thereof.
Any interest not punctually paid or duly provided for on any Interest
Payment Date with respect to a Debt Security ("Defaulted Interest") will
forthwith cease to be payable to the Holder on the applicable Regular Record
Date and may either be paid to the person in whose name such Debt Security is
registered at the close of business on a special record date (the "Special
Record Date") for the payment of such Defaulted Interest to be fixed by the
Trustee, notice whereof shall be given to the Holder of such Debt Security not
less than 10 days prior to such Special Record
<PAGE> 30
Date, or may be paid at any time in any other lawful manner, all as more
completely described in the Indenture (Sections 101 and 307).
Subject to certain limitations imposed upon Debt Securities issued in
book-entry form, the Debt Securities of any series will be exchangeable for
other Debt Securities of the same series, of a like aggregate principal amount
and tenor, of different authorized denominations upon surrender of such Debt
Securities at the corporate trust office of the Trustee. In addition, subject to
certain limitations imposed upon Debt Securities issued in book-entry form, the
Debt Securities of any series may be surrendered for conversion or registration
of transfer thereof at the corporate trust office of the Trustee referred to
above. Every Debt Security surrendered for conversion, registration of transfer
or exchange shall be duly endorsed or accompanied by a written instrument of
transfer. No service charge will be made for any registration of transfer or
exchange of any Debt Securities, but the Company may require payment of a sum
sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge payable in connection
therewith (Section 305). If the applicable Prospectus Supplement refers to any
transfer agent (in addition to the Trustee) initially designated by the Company
with respect to any series of Debt Securities, the Company may at any time
rescind the designation of any such transfer agent or approve a change in the
location through which any such transfer agent acts, except that the Company
will be required to maintain a transfer agent in each Place of Payment for such
series. The Company may at any time designate additional transfer agents with
respect to any series of Debt Securities (Section 1002).
Neither the Company nor the Trustee shall be required to (i) issue,
register the transfer of or exchange Debt Securities of any series during a
period beginning at the opening of business 15 days before any selection of Debt
Securities of that series to be redeemed and ending at the close of business of
the day of mailing of the relevant notice of redemption; (ii) register the
transfer of or exchange any Debt Security, or portion thereof, called for
redemption, except the unredeemed portion of any Debt Security being redeemed in
part; or (iii) issue, register the transfer of or exchange any Debt Security
which has been surrendered for repayment at the option of the Holder, except
that portion, if any, of such Debt Security which is not to be so repaid
(Section 305).
MERGER, CONSOLIDATION OR SALE
The Company may consolidate with, or sell, lease or convey all or
substantially of its assets to, or merge with or into, any other trust or
corporation, provided (a) either the Company shall be the continuing entity, or
the successor (if other than the Company) formed by or resulting from any such
consolidation or merger or which shall have received the transfer of such assets
and is a corporation organized under the laws of any domestic jurisdiction and
shall expressly assume payment of the principal of (and premium, if any) and
interest on all of the Debt Securities and the due and punctual performance and
observance of all of the covenants and conditions contained in the Indenture;
(b) immediately after giving effect to such transaction and treating any
indebtedness which becomes an obligation of the Company or any Subsidiary as a
result thereof as having been incurred by the Company or such Subsidiary at the
time of such transaction, no Event of Default under the Indenture, and no event
which, after notice or the lapse of time, or both, would become such an Event of
Default, shall have occurred and be continuing;
<PAGE> 31
and (c) an officer's certificate and legal opinion covering such conditions
shall be delivered to the Trustee (Sections 801 and 803).
CERTAIN COVENANTS
Existence. Except as permitted under "Merger, Consolidation or Sale," the
Indenture will require the Company to do or cause to be done all things
necessary to preserve and keep in full force and effect its existence, rights
(declaration and statutory) and franchises; provided, however, that the Company
shall not be required to preserve any right or franchise if it determines that
the preservation thereof is no longer desirable in the conduct of its business
and that the loss thereof is not disadvantageous in any material respect to the
Holders of the Debt Securities (Section 1004).
Maintenance of Properties. The Indenture will require the Company to cause
all of its material properties used or useful in the conduct of its business or
the business of any subsidiary to be maintained and kept in good condition,
repair and working order and supplied with all necessary equipment and will
cause to be made all necessary repairs, renewals, replacements, betterments and
improvements thereof, all as in the judgment of the Company may be necessary so
that the business carried on in connection therewith may be properly and
advantageously conducted at all times; provided, however, that the Company and
its subsidiaries shall not be prevented from selling or otherwise disposing of
their properties for value in the ordinary course of business. (Section 1007).
Insurance. The Indenture will require the Company to cause each of its and
its subsidiaries' insurable properties to be insured against loss of damage with
insurers of recognized responsibility and, if described in the applicable
Prospectus Supplement, in specified amounts and with insurers having a specified
rating from a recognized insurance rating service. (Section 1008).
Payment of Taxes and Other Claims. The Indenture will require the Company
to pay or discharge or cause to be paid or discharged, before the same shall
become delinquent, (i) all taxes, assessments and governmental charges levied or
imposed upon it or any subsidiary or upon the income, profits or property of the
Company or any subsidiary and (ii) all lawful claims for labor, materials and
supplies which, if unpaid, might by law become a lien upon the property of the
Company or any subsidiary; provided, however, that the Company shall not be
required to pay or discharge or cause to be paid or discharged any tax,
assessment, charge or claim whose amount, applicability is being contested in
good faith. (Section 1009).
Provision of Financial Information. Whether or not the Company is subject
to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, the Company will, to the extent
permitted under the Exchange Act, file with the Commission the annual reports,
quarterly reports and other documents which the Company would have been required
to file with the Commission pursuant to such Section 13 or 15(d) (the "Financial
Statements") if the Company were so subject, such documents to be filed with the
Commission on or prior to the respective dates (the "Required Filing Dates") by
which the Company would have been required so to file such documents if the
Company were so subject. The Company will also in any event (x) file with the
Trustee copies
<PAGE> 32
of the annual reports, quarterly reports and other documents which the Company
would have been required to file with the Commission pursuant to Section 13 or
15(d) of the Exchange Act if the Company were subject to such Sections and (y)
if filing such documents by the Company with the Commission is not permitted
under the Exchange Act, promptly upon written request and payment of the
reasonable cost of duplication and delivery, supply copies of such documents to
any prospective Holder (Section 1005).
Additional Covenants. Reference is made to the applicable Prospectus
Supplement for information with respect to any additional covenants specific
to a particular series of Debt Securities.
EVENTS OF DEFAULT, NOTICE AND WAIVER
Unless otherwise provided in the Prospectus Supplement, the Indenture
provides that the following events are "Events of Default" with respect to any
series of Debt Securities issued thereunder: (a) default for 30 days in the
payment of any interest on any Debt Security of such series; (b) default in the
payment of any principal of (or premium, if any on) any Debt Security of such
series when due; (c) default in making any sinking fund payment as required for
any Debt Security of such series; (d) default in the performance of any other
covenant or warranty of the Company contained in the Indenture with respect to
any Debt Security of such series, continued for 60 days after written notice as
provided in the Indenture; (e) default in the payment of indebtedness of the
Company outstanding in an aggregate principal amount in excess of $10,000,000 or
any mortgage, indenture, note, bond, capitalized lease or other instrument under
which such indebtedness is issued or by which such indebtedness is secured, such
default having continued after the expiration of any applicable grace period and
having resulted in the acceleration of the maturity of such indebtedness; (f)
certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization, or court appointment
of a receiver, liquidator or trustee of the Company or any Significant
Subsidiary or the property of either; (g) the acquisition by any Person
(including any affiliates of such Person) of 35% or more of the Company's Common
Stock, unless the Company's Board of Directors shall have first approved of such
acquisition; and (h) any other Event of Default provided with respect to a
particular series of Debt Securities (Section 501). The term "Significant
Subsidiary" means each significant subsidiary (as defined in Regulation S-X
promulgated under the Securities Act) of the Company. (Section 101).
If an Event of Default under the Indenture with respect to Debt Securities
of any series at the time Outstanding occurs and is continuing, then in every
such case the Trustee or the Holders of not less than 25% in principal amount of
the Outstanding Debt Securities of that series may declare the principal amount
(or, if the Debt Securities of that series are Original Issue Discount
Securities or Indexed Securities, such portion of the principal amount as may be
specified in the terms thereof) of all of the Debt Securities of that series to
be due and payable immediately by written notice thereof to the Company (and to
the Trustee if given by the Holders). However, any time after such a declaration
of acceleration with respect to Debt Securities of such series has been made,
but before a judgment or decree for payment of the money due has been obtained
by the Trustee, the Holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of
Outstanding Debt Securities of such series may rescind and annul such
declaration and its consequences if (a) the
<PAGE> 33
Company shall have paid or deposited with the Trustee all required payments of
the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest on the Debt Securities of
such series plus certain fees, expenses, disbursements and advances of the
Trustee and (b) all Events of Default, other than the nonpayment of accelerated
principal or interest with respect to Debt Securities of such series have been
cured or waived as provided in the Indenture (Section 502). The Indenture also
provides that the Holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of the
Outstanding Debt Securities of any series may waive any past default with
respect to such series and its consequences, except a default (x) in the payment
of the principal of (or premium, if any) or interest on any Debt Security of
such series or (y) in respect of a covenant or provision contained in the
Indenture that cannot be modified or amended without the consent of the Holder
of each Outstanding Debt Security affected thereby (Section 513).
The Trustee is required to give notice to the Holders of Debt Securities
within 90 days of a default under the Indenture; provided, however, that the
Trustee may withhold notice to the Holders of any series of Debt Securities of
any default with respect to such series (except a default in the payment of the
principal of (or premium, if any) or interest on any Debt Security of such
series or in the payment of any sinking fund installment in respect of any Debt
Security of such series) if the Responsible Officers of the Trustee consider
such withholding to be in the interest of such Holders (Section 601).
The Indenture provides that no Holders of Debt Securities of any series
may institute any proceedings, judicial or otherwise, with respect to the
Indenture or for any remedy thereunder, except in the case of failure of the
Trustee, for 60 days, to act after it has received a written request to
institute proceedings in respect of an Event of Default from the Holders of not
less than 25% in principal amount of the Outstanding Debt Securities of that
series, as well as an offer of reasonable indemnity (Section 507). This
provision will not prevent, however, any Holder of Debt Securities from
instituting suit for the enforcement of payment of the principal of (and
premium, if any) and interest on such Debt Securities at the respective due date
thereof (Section 508).
Subject to provisions in the Indenture relating to its duties in case of
default, the Trustee is under no obligation to exercise any of its rights or
powers under the Indenture at the request or direction of any Holders of Debt
Securities of any series then Outstanding under the Indenture, unless such
Holders shall have offered to the Trustee reasonable security or indemnity
(Section 602). The Holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of
the Outstanding Debt Securities of any series shall have the right to direct the
time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to
the Trustee, or of exercising any trust or power conferred upon the Trustee.
However, the Trustee may refuse to follow any direction which is in conflict
with any law or the Indenture, which may involve the Trustee in personal
liability or which may be unduly prejudicial to the Holders of Debt Securities
of such series not joining therein (Section 512).
Within 120 days after the close of each fiscal year, the Company must
deliver to the Trustee a certificate, signed by one of several specified
officers, stating whether or not such
<PAGE> 34
officer has knowledge of any default under the Indenture and, if so, specifying
each such default and the nature and status thereof (Section 1006).
MODIFICATION OF THE INDENTURE
Modifications and amendments of provisions of the Indenture applicable to
any series may be made only with consent of the Holders of not less than a
majority in principal amount of all Outstanding Debt Securities which are
affected by such modification or amendment; provided, however, that no such
modification or amendment may, without the consent of the Holder of each such
Debt Security affected thereby, (a) change the Stated Maturity of the principal
of, or any installment of interest (or premium, if any) on, any such Debt
Security; (b) reduce the principal amount of, or the rate or amount of interest
on, or any premium payable on redemption of, any such Debt Security, or reduce
the amount of principal of an Original Issue Discount Security that would be due
and payable upon declaration of acceleration of the maturity thereof or would be
provable in bankruptcy, or adversely affect any right of repayment of the Holder
of any such Debt Security; (c) change the Place of Payment, or the coin or
currency, for payment of principal of, premium, if any, or interest on any such
Debt Security; (d) impair the right to institute suit for the enforcement of any
payment on or with respect to any such Debt Security on or after the Stated
Maturity thereof; (e) reduce the above-stated percentage of Outstanding Debt
Securities of any series necessary to modify or amend the Indenture, to waive
compliance certain provisions thereof or certain defaults and consequences
thereunder or to reduce the quorum or voting requirements set forth in the
Indenture; or (f) modify any of the foregoing provisions or any of the
provisions relating to the waiver of certain past defaults or certain covenants,
except to increase the required percentage to effect such action or to provide
that certain other provisions may not be modified or waived without the consent
of the Holder of such Debt Security (Section 902).
The Holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of Outstanding
Debt Securities of a particular series have the right to waive compliance by the
Company with certain covenants in the Indenture relating to such series (Section
1011).
Modifications and amendments of the Indenture may be made by the Company
and the Trustee without the consent of any Holder of Debt Securities for any of
the following purposes: (i) to evidence the succession of another Person to the
Company as obligor under the Indenture; (ii) to add to the covenants of the
Company for the benefit of the Holders of all or any series of Debt Securities
or to surrender any right or power conferred upon the Company in the Indenture;
(iii) to add Events of Default for the benefit of the Holders of all or any
series of Debt Securities; (iv) to add or change any provisions of the Indenture
to facilitate the issuance of Debt Securities in bearer form, or to permit or
facilitate the issuance of Debt Securities in uncertificated form, provided that
such action shall not adversely affect the interests of the Holders of the Debt
Securities of any series in any material respect; (v) to change or eliminate any
provisions of the Indenture, provided that any such change or elimination shall
become effective only when there are not Debt Securities Outstanding of any
series created prior thereto which are entitled to the benefit of such
provision; (vi) to secure the Debt Securities; (vii) to establish the form or
terms of Debt Securities of any series, including the provision and procedures,
if applicable, or the
<PAGE> 35
conversion of such Debt Securities into Common Stock or Preferred Stock; (viii)
to provide for the acceptance of appointment by a successor Trustee or
facilitate the administration of the trust under the Indenture by more than one
Trustee; (ix) to cure any ambiguity, defect or inconsistency in the Indenture,
provided that such action shall not adversely affect the interests of Holders of
Debt Securities of any series in any material respect; (x) to supplement any of
the provisions of the Indenture to the extent necessary to permit or facilitate
defeasance and discharge of any series of such Debt Securities, provided that
such action shall not adversely affect the interests of the Holders of the Debt
Securities of any series in any material respect (Section 901).
The Indenture provides that in determining whether the Holders of the
requisite principal amount of Outstanding Debt Securities of a series have given
any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver
thereunder or whether a quorum is present at a meeting of Holders of Debt
Securities, (i) the principal amount of an Original Issue Discount Security that
shall be deemed to be outstanding shall be the amount of the principal thereof
that would be due and payable as of the date of such determination upon
declaration of acceleration of the maturity thereof, (ii) the principal amount
of a Debt Security denominated in a Foreign Currency that shall be deemed
outstanding shall be the U.S. dollar equivalent, determined on the issue date
for such Debt Security, of the principal amount (or, in the case of an Original
Issue Discount Security, the U.S. dollar equivalent on the issue date of such
Debt Security of the amount determined as provided in (i) above), (iii) the
principal amount of an Indexed Security that shall be deemed outstanding shall
be the principal face amount of such Indexed Security at original issuance,
unless otherwise provided with respect to such Indexed Security pursuant to
Section 301 of the Indenture, and (iv) Debt Securities owned by the Company or
any other obligor upon the Debt Securities or any Affiliate of the Company or of
such other obligor shall be disregarded (Section 101).
The Indenture contains provisions for convening meetings of the Holders of
Debt Securities of a series (Section 1501). A meeting may be called at any time
by the Trustee, and also, upon request, by the Company or the Holders of at
least 10% in principal amount of the Outstanding Debt Securities of such series,
in any such case upon notice given as provided in the Indenture (Section 1502).
Except for any consent that must be given by the Holder of each Debt Security
affected by certain modifications and amendments of the Indenture, any
resolution presented at a meeting or adjourned meeting duly reconvened at which
a quorum is present may be adopted by the affirmative vote of the Holders of a
majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Debt Securities of that series;
provided, however, that, except as referred to above, any resolution with
respect to any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent,
waiver or other action that may be made, given or taken by the Holders of a
specified percentage, which is less than a majority, in principal amount of the
Outstanding Debt Securities of a series may be adopted at a meeting or adjourned
meeting duly reconvened at which a quorum is present by the affirmative vote of
the Holders of such Debt Securities of that series. Any resolution passed or
decision taken at any meeting of Holders of Debt Securities of any series duly
held in accordance with the Indenture will be binding on all Holders of Debt
Securities of that series. The quorum at any meeting called to adopt a
resolution, and at any reconvened meeting, will be Persons holding or
representing a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Debt Securities
of a series; provided, however, that if any action is to be taken at such
meeting with
<PAGE> 36
respect to a consent or waiver which may be given by the Holders of not less
than a specified percentage in principal amount of the Outstanding Debt
Securities of a series, the Persons holding or representing such specified
percentage in principal amount of the Outstanding Debt Securities of such series
will constitute a quorum (Section 1504).
Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions, if any action is to be taken at
a meeting of Holders of Debt Securities of any series with respect to any
request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other
action that the Indenture expressly provides may be made, given or taken by the
Holders of a specified percentage in principal amount of all Outstanding Debt
Securities affected thereby, or of the Holders of such series and one or more
additional series: (i) there shall be no minimum quorum requirement for such
meeting and (ii) the principal amount of the Outstanding Debt Securities of such
series that vote in favor of such request, demand, authorization, direction,
notice, consent, waiver or other action shall be taken into account in
determining whether such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice,
consent, waiver or other action has been made, given or taken under the
Indenture (Section 1504).
DISCHARGE, DEFEASANCE AND COVENANT DEFEASANCE
Unless otherwise provided in the Prospectus Supplement, the Company may
discharge certain obligations to Holders of any series of Debt Securities that
have not already been delivered to the Trustee for cancellation and that either
have become due and payable or will become due and payable within one year (or
are scheduled for redemption within one year) by irrevocably depositing with the
Trustee, in trust, funds in such currency or currencies, currency unit or units
or composite currency or currencies in which such Debt Securities are payable in
an amount sufficient to pay the entire indebtedness on such Debt Securities in
respect of principal (and premium, if any) and interest to the date of such
deposit (if such Debt Securities have become due and payable) or to the Stated
Maturity or Redemption Date, as the case may be (Section 401).
The Indenture provides that, unless otherwise provided in the Prospectus
Supplement, if the provisions of Article Fourteen are made applicable to the
Debt Securities of any series pursuant to Section 301 of the Indenture, the
Company may elect either (a) to defease and be discharged from any and all
obligations with respect to such Debt Securities (except for the obligation to
pay Additional Amounts, if any, upon the occurrence of certain events of tax,
assessment or governmental charge with respect to payments on such Debt
Securities and the obligations to register the transfer or exchange of such Debt
Securities, to replace temporary or mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Debt
Securities, to maintain an office or agency in respect of such Debt Securities
and to hold moneys for payment in trust) ("defeasance") (Section 1402) or (b) to
be released from its obligations with respect to such Debt Securities under
Sections 1004 and 1005, inclusive, of the Indenture (being the restrictions
described under "Certain Covenants") or, if provided pursuant to Section 301 of
the Indenture, its obligations with respect to any other covenant, and any
omission to comply with such obligations shall not constitute a default or an
Event of Default with respect to such Debt Securities ("covenant defeasance")
(Section 1403), in either case upon the irrevocable deposit by the Company with
the Trustee, in
<PAGE> 37
trust, of any amount, in such currency or currencies, currency unit or units or
composite currency or currencies in which such Debt Securities are payable at
Stated Maturity, or Government Obligations (as defined below), or both
applicable to such Debt Securities which through the scheduled payment of
principal and interest in accordance with their terms will provide money in an
amount sufficient to pay the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest on
such Debt Securities, and any mandatory sinking fund or analogous payments
thereon, on the scheduled due dates therefor.
Such a trust may only be established if, among other things, the Company
has delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel (as specified in the
Indenture) to the effect that the Holders of such Debt Securities will not
recognize income, gain or loss for U.S. Federal income tax purposes as a result
of such defeasance or covenant defeasance and will be subject to U.S. Federal
income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as
would have been the case if such defeasance or covenant defeasance had not
occurred, and such Opinion of Counsel, in the case of defeasance, must refer to
and be based upon a ruling of the Internal Revenue Service or a change in
applicable United States federal income tax law occurring after the date of the
Indenture (Section 1404).
"Government Obligations" means securities which are (i) direct obligations
of the United States of America or the government which issued the Foreign
Currency in which the Debt Securities of a particular series are payable, for
the payment of which its full faith and credit is pledged or (ii) obligations of
a Person controlled or supervised by and acting as an agency or instrumentality
of the United States of America or such government which issued the Foreign
Currency in which the Debt Securities of such series are payable, the payment of
which is unconditionally guaranteed as a full faith and credit obligation by the
United States of America or such other government, which, in either case, are
not callable or redeemable at the option of the issuer thereof, and shall also
include a depository receipt issued by a bank or trust company as custodian with
respect to any such Government Obligation or a specific payment of interest on
or principal of any such Government Obligation held by such custodian for the
account of the holder of a depository receipt, provided that (except as required
by law) such custodian is not authorized to make any deduction from the amount
payable to the holder of such depository receipt from any amount received by the
custodian in respect of the Government Obligation or the specific payment of
interest on or principal of the Government Obligation evidenced by such
depository receipt (Section 101).
Unless otherwise provided in the applicable Prospectus Supplement, if
after the Company has deposited funds and/or Government Obligations to effect
defeasance or covenant defeasance with respect to Debt Securities of any series,
(a) the Holder of a Debt Security of such series is entitled to, and does, elect
pursuant to Section 301 of the Indenture or the terms of such Debt Security to
receive payment in a currency, currency unit or composite currency other than
that in which such deposit has been made in respect of such Debt Security, or
(b) a Conversion Event (as defined below) occurs in respect of the currency,
currency unit or composite currency in which such deposit has been made, the
indebtedness represented by such Debt Security shall be deemed to have been, and
will be, fully discharged and satisfied through the payment of the principal of
(and premium, if any) and interest on such Debt Security as they become due out
of
<PAGE> 38
the proceeds yielded by converting the amount so deposited in respect of such
Debt Security into the currency, currency unit or composite currency in which
such Debt Security becomes payable as a result of such election or such
cessation of usage based on the applicable market exchange rate (Section 1405).
"Conversion Event" means the cessation of use of (i) a currency, currency unit
or composite currency both by the government of the country which issued such
currency and for the settlement of transactions by a central bank or other
public institutions or within the international banking community, (ii) the ECU
both within the European Monetary System and for the settlement of transactions
by public institutions of or within the European Communities or (iii) any
currency unit or composite currency other than the ECU for the purposes for
which it was established. (Section 101). Unless otherwise provided in the
applicable Prospectus Supplement, all payments of principal of (and premium, if
any) and interest on any Debt Security that is payable in a Foreign Currency
that cease to be used by its government of issuance shall be made in U.S.
dollars.
In the event the Company effects covenant defeasance with respect to any
Debt Securities and such Debt Securities are declared due and payable because of
the occurrence of any Event of Default other than the Event of Default described
in clause (d) under "Events of Default, Notice and Waiver" with respect to
Sections 1004 and 1005, inclusive, of the Indenture (which Sections would no
longer be applicable to such Debt Securities) or described in clause (h) under
"Events of Default, Notice and Waiver" with respect to any other covenant as to
which there has been covenant defeasance, the amount in such currency, currency
unit or composite currency in which such Debt Securities are payable, and
Government Obligations on deposit with the Trustee, will be sufficient to pay
amounts due on such Debt Securities at the time of their Stated Maturity but may
not be sufficient to pay amounts due on such Debt Securities at the time of the
acceleration resulting from such Event of Default. However, the Company would
remain liable to make payment of such amounts due at the time of acceleration.
The applicable Prospectus Supplement may further describe the provisions,
if any, permitting such defeasance or covenant defeasance, including any
modifications to the provisions described above, with respect to the Debt
Securities of a particular series.
CONVERSION RIGHTS
The terms and conditions, if any, upon which the Debt Securities are
convertible into Common Stock or Preferred Stock will be set forth in the
applicable Prospectus Supplement relating thereto. Such terms will include
whether such Debt Securities are convertible into Common Stock or Preferred
Stock, the conversion price (or manner of calculation thereof), the conversion
period, provisions as to whether conversion will be at the option of the Holders
of the Company, the events requiring an adjustment of the conversion price and
provisions affecting conversion in the event of the redemption of such Debt
Securities and any restriction on conversion, including restrictions directed at
maintaining the Company's REIT status.
SUBORDINATION
The terms and conditions, if any, upon which the Debt Securities are
subordinated to other indebtedness of the Company will be set forth in the
applicable Prospectus Supplement
<PAGE> 39
relating thereto. Such terms will include a description of the indebtedness
ranking senior to the Debt Securities, the restrictions on payments to the
Holders of such Debt Securities while a default with respect to such senior
indebtedness in continuing, the restrictions, if any, on payments to the Holders
of such Debt Securities following an Event of Default, and provisions requiring
Holders of such Debt Securities to remit certain payments to holders of senior
indebtedness.
GLOBAL SECURITIES
The Debt Securities of a series may be issued in whole or in part in the
form of one or more global securities (the "Global Securities") that will be
deposited with, or on behalf of, a depositary (the "Depositary") identified in
the applicable Prospectus Supplement relating to such series, Global Securities
may be issued in either registered or bearer form and in either temporary or
permanent form. The specific terms of the depositary arrangement with respect to
a series of Debt Securities will be described in the applicable Prospectus
Supplement relating to such series.
<PAGE> 40
CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF MARYLAND LAW AND OF
THE COMPANY'S ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION AND BYLAWS
The following paragraphs summarize certain provisions of Maryland law
and the Company's Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws. The summary does not
purport to be complete and is subject to and qualified in its entirety by
reference to the Company's Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws, copies of which
are exhibits to the Registration Statement of which this Prospectus is a part,
as described in "Additional Information," and to Maryland law.
CLASSIFICATION OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS
The Company's Articles of Incorporation provide that the number of
directors of the Company may be established by the Board of Directors, but may
not be fewer than three nor more than eleven. Any vacancy will be filled, at any
regular meeting or at any special meeting called for that purpose, by a majority
vote by the stockholders or directors then in office. A director chosen by the
stockholders shall hold office for the balance of the term remaining. A director
so chosen by the remaining directors shall hold office until the next annual
meeting of stockholders, at which time the stockholders shall elect a director
to hold office for the balance of the term then remaining. Pursuant to the terms
of the Articles of Incorporation, the directors are divided into three classes
- -- i.e., Class I, Class II, and Class III. Presently, one class will hold office
for a term expiring at the annual meeting of stockholders to be held in 1997
(i.e., Class III), another class will hold office for a term expiring at the
annual meeting of stockholders to be held in 1998 (i.e., Class I), and another
class will hold office for a term expiring at the annual meeting of stockholders
to be held in 1999 (i.e., Class II). As the term of each class expires,
directors in that class will be elected for a term of three years or until their
successors are duly elected and qualify. The Company believes that
classification of the Board of Directors will help to assure the continuity and
stability of the Company's business strategies and policies as determined by the
Board of Directors. Additionally, Five Arrows, the initial holder of Class A
Preferred Shares, has the right to elect one director as long as certain levels
of ownership are maintained, and has the right to elect another director if
certain covenants are not met or if certain dividends are not paid. See
"Description of Capital Stock -- Class A Senior Cumulative Convertible
Preferred Stock."
The classified director provision could have the effect of making the
removal of incumbent directors more time-consuming and difficult, which could
discourage a third party from making a tender offer or otherwise attempting to
obtain control of the Company, even though such an attempt might be beneficial
to the Company and its stockholders. At least two annual meetings of
stockholders, instead of one, will generally be required to effect a change in a
majority of the Board of Directors. Thus, the classified board provision could
increase the likelihood that incumbent directors will retain their positions.
Holders of Common Stock will have no right to cumulative voting in the election
of directors. Consequently, at each annual meeting of stockholders, the holders
of a plurality of Common Stock will be able to elect all of the successors of
the class of directors whose term expires at that meeting.
REMOVAL OF DIRECTORS AND VACANCIES
The Articles of Incorporation provide that a director may be removed
only for cause and only by the affirmative vote of stockholders holding at least
two-thirds of all the votes entitled to be cast in the election of directors.
The Company's Bylaws provide that stockholders may elect a successor to fill a
vacancy on the Board of Directors that results from the removal of a director.
In addition, a vacant position occurring in the Board of Directors for any cause
other than an increase in the number of directors may be filled by a majority
vote of the remaining directors, even if such majority is less than a quorum or
by a majority vote of the stockholders. Any vacancy occurring in the Board of
Directors by reason of an increase in the number of directors may be filled by a
majority vote of the entire Board of Directors or by a majority vote of the
stockholders.
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<PAGE> 41
LIMITATION OF LIABILITY AND INDEMNIFICATION
The Company's Articles of Incorporation limit the liability of the
Company's directors and officers to the Company and its stockholders to the
fullest extent permitted from time to time by Maryland law. Maryland law
presently permits the liability of directors and officers to a corporation or
its stockholders for money damages to be limited, except (i) to the extent that
it is proved that the director or officer actually received an improper benefit
or profit, or (ii) if a judgment or other final adjudication is entered in a
proceeding based on a finding that the director's or officer's action, or
failure to act, was the result of active and deliberate dishonesty and was
material to the cause of action adjudicated in the proceedings. This provision
does not limit the ability of the Company or its stockholders to obtain other
relief, such as an injunction or rescission.
The Company's Bylaws require the Company to indemnify its directors,
officers and certain other parties to the fullest extent permitted from time to
time by Maryland law. The MGCL permits a corporation to indemnify its directors,
officers and certain other parties against judgments, penalties, fines,
settlements and reasonable expenses actually incurred by them in connection with
any proceeding to which they may be made a party by reason of their service to
or at the request of the corporation, unless it is established that the act or
omission of the indemnified party was material to the matter giving rise to the
proceeding and (i) was committed in bad faith or was the result of active and
deliberate dishonesty or (ii) the indemnified party actually received an
improper personal benefit, or (iii) in the case of any criminal proceeding, the
indemnified party had reasonable cause to believe that the act or omission was
unlawful. Indemnification may be made against judgments, penalties, fines,
settlements and reasonable expenses actually incurred by the director or officer
in connection with the proceeding; provided, however, that if the proceeding is
one by or in the right of the corporation, indemnification may not be made with
respect to any proceeding in which the director or officer has been adjudged to
be liable to the corporation. In addition, a director or officer may not be
indemnified with respect to any proceeding charging improper personal benefit to
the director or officer in which the director or officer was adjudged to be
liable on the basis that personal benefit was improperly received. The
termination of any proceeding by judgment, order or settlement does not create a
presumption that the director did not meet the requisite standard of conduct
required for indemnification to be permitted. However, the termination of any
proceeding by conviction, or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent,
or an entry of any order of probation prior to judgment, creates a rebuttable
presumption that the director or officer did not meet the requisite standard of
conduct required for indemnification to be permitted. It is the position of the
Commission that indemnification of directors and officers for liabilities
arising under the Securities Act is against public policy and is unenforceable
pursuant to Section 14 of the Securities Act.
BUSINESS COMBINATIONS
Under the MGCL, certain "business combinations" (including a merger,
consolidation, share exchange, or in certain circumstances, an asset transfer or
issuance or reclassification of equity securities) between a Maryland
corporation and any person who beneficially owns ten percent or more of the
voting power of the corporation's shares or an affiliate of the corporation who,
at any time within the two-year period prior to the date in question, was the
beneficial owner of ten percent or more of the voting power of the then
outstanding voting stock of the corporation (an "Interested Stockholder") or an
affiliate thereof are prohibited for five years after the most recent date on
which the Interested Stockholder became an Interested Stockholder. Thereafter,
any such business combination must be recommended by the Board of Directors of
such corporation and approved by the affirmative vote of at least (a) 80% of the
votes entitled to be cast by holders of outstanding voting shares of the
corporation voting together as a single voting group, and (b) two-thirds of the
votes entitled to be cast by holders of outstanding voting shares other than
31
<PAGE> 42
shares held by the Interested Stockholder with whom the business combination is
to be effected, unless, among other things, the corporation's stockholders
receive a minimum price (as defined in the MGCL) for their shares and the
consideration is received in cash or in the same form as previously paid by the
Interested Stockholder for its shares. These provisions of Maryland law do not
apply, however, to business combinations that are approved or exempted by the
Board of Directors of the corporation prior to the time that the Interested
Stockholder becomes an Interested Stockholder. As permitted by Maryland law, the
Articles of Incorporation of the Company include a provision exempting all
future business combinations involving the Company from the operation of the
business combination statute.
CONTROL SHARE ACQUISITIONS
The Company's Bylaws currently contain a provision exempting from the
control share acquisition statute described below any and all acquisitions by
any person of shares of capital stock of the Company. The current or future
directors of the Company may decide to eliminate or amend this provision,
although no such change is currently contemplated.
The MGCL provides that "control shares" of a Maryland corporation
acquired in a "control share acquisition" have no voting rights except to the
extent approved by a vote of two-thirds of the votes entitled to be cast on the
matter, excluding shares of stock owned by the acquiror or by officers or
directors who are employees of the corporation. "Control shares" are voting
shares of stock which, if aggregated with all other such shares of stock
previously acquired by such person, or in respect of which such person is able
to exercise or direct the exercise of voting power, would entitle the acquiror
to exercise voting power in electing directors within one of the following
ranges of voting power: (i) one-fifth or more but less than one-third; (ii)
one-third or more but less than a majority; or (iii) a majority of all voting
power. Control shares do not include shares the acquiring person is then
entitled to vote as a result of having previously obtained stockholder approval.
A "control share acquisition" means the acquisition of control shares, subject
to certain exceptions.
A person who has made or proposes to make a control share acquisition,
upon satisfaction of certain conditions (including an undertaking to pay
expenses), may compel the Board of Directors to call a special meeting of
stockholders to be held within 50 days of demand to consider the voting rights
of the shares. If no request for a meeting is made, the corporation may itself
present the question at any stockholders meeting.
If voting rights are not approved at the meeting or if the acquiring
person does not deliver an acquiring person statement as required by the
statute, then, subject to certain conditions and limitations, the corporation
may redeem any or all of the control shares (except those for which voting
rights have previously been approved) for fair value determined, without regard
to the absence of voting rights for control shares, as of the date of the last
control share acquisition or, if a meeting of stockholders is held where the
voting rights of such shares are considered and not approved, as of the date of
the meeting. If voting rights for control shares are approved at a stockholders
meeting and the acquiror becomes entitled to vote a majority of the shares
entitled to vote, all other stockholders may exercise appraisal rights. The fair
value of the shares as determined for purposes of such appraisal rights may not
be less than the highest price per share paid in the control share acquisition,
and certain limitations and restrictions otherwise applicable to the exercise of
dissenters' rights do not apply in the context of a control share acquisition.
The control share acquisition statute does not apply to shares acquired
in a merger, consolidation or share exchange if the Company is a party to the
transaction and such transaction is otherwise effected
32
<PAGE> 43
under the provision of the MGCL; or to acquisitions approved or exempted by the
Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws of the Company.
AMENDMENT TO THE ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION
The Company's Articles of Incorporation, including its provisions on
classification of the Board of Directors and removal of directors, may be
amended only with the recommendation of the Board of Directors and by the
affirmative vote of stockholders holding at least a majority of all the votes
entitled to be cast on the matters.
DISSOLUTION OF THE COMPANY
The dissolution of the Company must be approved by the affirmative vote
of stockholders holding at least a majority of all the votes entitled to be cast
on this matter.
ADVANCE NOTICE OF DIRECTOR NOMINATIONS AND NEW BUSINESS
The Bylaws of the Company provide that (a) with respect to an annual
meeting of stockholders, nominations of persons for election to the Board of
Directors and the proposal of business to be considered by stockholders may be
made only (i) pursuant to the Company's notice of the meeting, (ii) by the Board
of Directors, or (iii) by a stockholder who is entitled to vote at the meeting
and who has complied with the advance notice procedures set forth in the Bylaws,
and (b) with respect to special meetings of stockholders, only the business
specified in the Company's notice of the meeting may be brought before the
meeting of stockholders, and nominations of persons for election to the Board of
Directors may be made only (i) pursuant to the Company's notice of meeting, (ii)
by the Board of Directors, or (iii) provided that the Board of Directors has
determined that directors shall be elected at such meeting, by a stockholder who
is entitled to vote at the meeting and who has complied with the advance notice
provisions set forth in the Bylaws.
The provisions in the Articles of Incorporation on classification of
the Board of Directors and removal of directors, the business combination and,
if the applicable provision in the Company's Bylaws is rescinded, control share
acquisition provisions of the MGCL, and the advance notice provisions of the
Bylaws could have the effect of discouraging a takeover or other transaction in
which holders of some, or a majority, of the Common Stock might receive a
premium for their Common Stock over the then prevailing market price or which
such holders might believe to be otherwise in their best interests.
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
The Company may sell the Securities through one or more underwriters or
dealers, directly to one or more purchasers, through agents, or through a
combination of any such methods of sale. Any such underwriter or agent involved
in the offer and sale of the Securities will be named in the applicable
Prospectus Supplement. Sales of Securities pursuant to any applicable Prospectus
Supplement may be effected from time to time in one or more transactions at a
fixed price or prices which may be changed, at prices related to the prevailing
market prices at the time of sale or at negotiated prices. The Company also may,
from time to time, authorize underwriters acting as the Company's agents to
offer and sell the Securities upon the terms and conditions as are set forth in
the applicable Prospectus Supplement. In connection with the sale of the
Securities, underwriters may be deemed to have received compensation from the
Company in the form of underwriting discounts or commissions and may also
receive commissions from purchasers of the Securities for whom they may act as
agent. Underwriters may sell the Securities to or through dealers, and such
dealers may receive compensation in the form of discounts, concessions or
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commissions from the underwriters and/or commissions from the purchasers for
whom they may act as agent.
Any underwriting compensation paid by the Company to underwriters or
agents in connection with the offering of the Securities, and any discounts,
concessions or commissions allowed by underwriters to participating dealers,
will be set forth in the applicable Prospectus Supplement. Underwriters, dealers
and agents participating in the distribution of the Securities may be deemed to
be underwriters, and any discounts and commissions received by them and any
profit realized by them on resale of the Securities may be deemed to be
underwriting discounts and commissions under the Securities Act. Underwriters,
dealers, and agents may be entitled, under agreements entered into with the
Company, to indemnification against and contribution toward certain civil
liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act. Underwriters,
dealers and agents may engage in transactions with, or perform services for, or
be customers of, the Company in the ordinary course of business.
If so indicated in the applicable Prospectus Supplement, the Company
will authorize dealers acting as the Company's agents to solicit offers by
certain institutions to purchase the Securities at the public offering price set
forth in such Prospectus Supplement pursuant to Delayed Delivery Contracts
("Contracts") providing for payment and delivery on the date or dates stated in
such Prospectus Supplement. Each Contract will be for an amount not less than,
and the aggregate amount of the Securities sold pursuant to Contracts shall be
not less nor more than, the respective amounts stated in the applicable
Prospectus Supplement. Institutions with whom Contracts, when authorized, may be
made include commercial and savings banks, insurance companies, pension funds,
investment companies, educational and charitable institutions, and other
institutions but will in all cases be subject to the approval of the Company.
Contracts will not be subject to any conditions except: (i) the purchase by an
institution of the Securities covered by its Contracts shall not at the time of
delivery be prohibited under the laws of any jurisdiction in the United States
to which such institution is subject; and (ii) if the Securities are being sold
to underwriters, the Company shall have sold to such underwriters the total
amount of the Securities less the amount thereof covered by the Contracts.
Unless otherwise specified in the related Prospectus Supplement, each
series of Securities will be a new issue with no established trading market,
other than the Common Stock which is listed on the New York Stock Exchange. Any
shares of Common Stock sold by the Company pursuant to a Prospectus Supplement
will be listed on such exchange, subject to official notice of issuance. The
Company may elect to list any series of Preferred Stock on any exchange, but is
not obligated to do so. It is possible that one or more underwriters may make a
market in a series of Securities, but will not be obligated to do so and may
discontinue any market making at any time without notice. Therefore, no
assurance can be given as to the liquidity of the trading market of the
Securities.
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FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS
The following is a summary of certain of the material federal
income tax considerations regarding the Company and is based on current law, is
for general information only and is not tax advice. This discussion does not
purport to deal with all aspects of taxation that may be relevant to particular
investors in light of their personal investment or tax circumstances, or to
certain types of investors including insurance companies, tax-exempt
organizations or retirement accounts (except to the extent discussed under the
heading "--Taxation of Tax-Exempt Stockholders"), financial institutions or
broker-dealers, foreign corporations, persons who are not citizens or residents
of the United States (except to the extent discussed under the heading
"--Taxation of Non-U.S. Stockholders"), and persons who own Securities as part
of a conversion transaction, as part of a hedging transaction, or as a position
in a straddle for tax purposes, which are subject to special treatment under the
federal income, estate and other tax laws.
EACH PURCHASER SHOULD CONSULT HIS OWN TAX ADVISOR AS TO THE
SPECIFIC FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES OF THE PURCHASE, OWNERSHIP AND
DISPOSITION OF SECURITIES AND THE APPLICABILITY AND EFFECT OF ANY STATE, LOCAL,
FOREIGN OR OTHER TAX LAWS AND OF ANY POTENTIAL CHANGES IN THE APPLICABLE TAX
LAWS AFTER THE DATE HEREOF.
TAXATION OF THE COMPANY
General. The Company has made an election to be taxed as a REIT under
Sections 856 through 860 of the Code, commencing with its taxable year ended
December 31, 1994. The Company believes that it has been organized and has
operated in such a manner as to qualify for taxation as a REIT under the Code,
and the Company intends to continue to operate in such a manner, but no
assurance can be given that it has operated or will operate in a manner so as to
qualify or remain qualified.
The sections of the Code and Treasury Regulations governing REITs are
highly technical and complex. The following sets forth the material aspects of
the sections that govern the federal income tax treatment of a REIT and its
stockholders. This summary is qualified in its entirety by the applicable Code
provisions, Treasury Regulations and rules promulgated thereunder, and
administrative and judicial interpretations thereof.
In the opinion of Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP, special tax counsel to
the Company, commencing with the Company's taxable year ended December 31, 1994,
the Company was organized in conformity with the requirements for qualification
as a REIT, and its method of operation has enabled, and its proposed method of
operation will enable, it to meet the requirements under the Code for
qualification and taxation as a REIT. It must be emphasized that this opinion is
based on various assumptions and is conditioned upon the accuracy of certain
representations made by the Company as to factual matters relating to the
Company's organization, operations, income, assets, distributions and stock
ownership. The Company's qualification as a REIT depends on the Company having
met and continuing to meet--through actual operating results, distribution
levels and diversity of stock ownership--the various qualification tests imposed
under the Code and discussed below, the results of which will not be reviewed by
Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP. Accordingly, no assurance can be given that the
actual results of the Company's operations for any particular taxable year have
satisfied or will satisfy such requirements. An opinion of counsel is not
binding on the IRS or the courts, and no assurance can be given that the IRS
will not challenge the Company's eligibility for taxation as a REIT. Further,
the anticipated federal income tax treatment described in this Prospectus
may be changed, perhaps retroactively, by legislative, administrative or
judicial action at any time. See "--Failure to Qualify."
If the Company qualifies for taxation as a REIT, it generally will not
be subject to federal corporate income taxes on its net income that is currently
distributed to stockholders. This treatment substantially eliminates the "double
taxation" (at the corporate and stockholder levels) of income that generally
results from an investment in a regular corporation. However, the Company will
be subject to federal income tax as follows: First, the Company will be taxed at
regular corporate rates on any undistributed "REIT taxable income" (as defined
below), including undistributed net capital gains. Second, under certain
circumstances the Company may be subject to the "alternative minimum tax" as a
consequence of its items of tax preference to the extent that tax exceeds its
regular tax. Third, if the Company has (i) net income from the sale or other
disposition of "foreclosure property" (generally, property acquired by reason of
default on indebtedness held by the Company) that is held primarily for sale
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to customers in the ordinary course of business or (ii) other nonqualifying
income from foreclosure property, it will be subject to tax at the highest
corporate rate on such income. Fourth, if the Company has net income from
prohibited transactions (which are, in general, certain sales or other
dispositions of property held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary
course of business, other than foreclosure property), such income will be
subject to a 100% tax. Fifth, if the Company should fail to satisfy the 75%
gross income test or the 95% gross income test (as discussed below), but has
nonetheless maintained its qualification as a REIT because certain other
requirements have been met, it will be subject to a 100% tax on an amount equal
to (a) the greater of the amount by which the Company fails the 75% or 95% test,
multiplied by (b) a fraction intended to reflect the Company's profitability.
Sixth, if the Company should fail to distribute during each calendar year at
least the sum (i) 85% of its REIT ordinary income for such year, (ii) 95% of its
REIT capital gain net income for such year, and (iii) any undistributed taxable
income from prior periods, the Company would be subject to a 4% excise tax on
the excess of such required distribution over the amounts actually distributed.
Seventh, with respect to any asset (a "Built-in Gain Asset") acquired by the
Company from a corporation which is or has been a C corporation (i.e., generally
a corporation subject to full corporate-level tax) in certain transactions in
which the basis of the Built-in Gain Asset in the hands of the Company is
determined by reference to the basis of the asset in the hands of the C
corporation, if the Company recognizes gain on the disposition of such asset
during the 10-year period (the "Recognition Period") beginning on the date on
which such asset was acquired by the Company, then, to the extent of the
Built-in Gain (i.e., the excess of (a) the fair market value of such asset over
(b) the Company's adjusted basis in such asset, determined as of the beginning
of the Recognition Period), such gain will be subject to tax at the highest
regular corporate rate pursuant to IRS regulations that have not yet been
promulgated.
Requirements for Qualification. The Code defines a REIT as a
corporation, trust or association (i) that is managed by one or more trustees or
directors; (ii) the beneficial ownership of which is evidenced by transferable
shares, or by transferable certificates of beneficial interest; (iii) that would
be taxable as a domestic corporation but for Sections 856 through 859 of the
Code; (iv) that is neither a financial institution nor an insurance company
subject to certain provisions of the Code; (v) the beneficial ownership of which
is held by 100 or more persons; (vi) in which during the last half of each
taxable year not more than 50% in value of its outstanding stock is owned,
actually or constructively, by five or fewer individuals (as defined in the Code
to include certain entities); and (vii) which meets certain other tests,
described below, regarding the nature of its income and assets. The Code
provides that conditions (i) to (iv), inclusive, must be met during the entire
taxable year and that condition (v) must be met during at least 335 days of a
taxable year of 12 months, or during a proportionate part of a taxable year of
less than 12 months.
The Company believes that it has issued sufficient shares with
sufficient diversity of ownership to allow it to satisfy conditions (v) and
(vi). In addition, the Company's Charter provides for restrictions regarding the
transfer and ownership of shares, which restrictions are intended to assist the
Company in continuing to satisfy the share ownership requirements described in
(v) and (vi) above. Such transfer and ownership restrictions are described in
the accompanying Prospectus. These restrictions may not ensure that the Company
will, in all cases, be able to satisfy the share ownership requirements
described above. If the Company fails to satisfy such share ownership
requirements, the Company's status as a REIT will terminate. See "Failure to
Qualify."
To monitor the Company's compliance with the share ownership
requirements, the Company is required to maintain records regarding the actual
ownership of its shares. To do so, the Company must demand written statements
each year from the record holders of certain percentages of its shares of stock
in which the record holders are to disclose the actual owners of the shares
(i.e., the persons required to include in gross income the REIT dividends). A
REIT with 2,000 or more record stockholders must demand statements from record
holders of 5% or more of its shares, one with less than 2,000, but more than 200
record stockholders must demand statements from record holders of 1% or more of
the shares, while a REIT with 200 or fewer record stockholders must demand
statements from record holders of 0.5% or more of the shares. A list of those
persons failing or refusing to comply with this demand must be maintained as
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part of the Company's records. A stockholder who fails or refuses to comply with
the demand must submit a statement with its tax return disclosing the actual
ownership of the shares and certain other information.
In the case of a REIT which is a partner in a partnership, Treasury
Regulations provide that the REIT will be deemed to own its proportionate share
of the assets of the partnership and will be deemed to be entitled to the income
of the partnership attributable to such share. In addition, the character of the
assets and gross income of the partnership shall retain the same character in
the hands of the REIT for purposes of Section 856 of the Code, including
satisfying the gross income tests and the assets tests, discussed below. Thus,
the Company's proportionate share of the assets, liabilities and items of income
of PGP Inland Communities, L.P., the Company's subsidiary operating partnership
and Pacific Inland Communities, LLC, the entity used to effect certain
tax-exempt financing of the Company (collectively, the "Partnerships"), are
treated as assets, liabilities and items of income of the Company for purposes
of applying the requirements described herein. The Company controls the
Partnerships and believes it has operated the Partnerships in a manner
consistent with the requirements for qualification as a REIT, and intends to
continue to operate the Partnerships in such a manner. However, there can be no
assurance that the Company has operated or will actually operate the
Partnerships in a manner that has enabled or will enable the Company to continue
to satisfy the REIT provisions of the Code.
Income Tests. In order to maintain qualification as a REIT, the Company
annually must satisfy three gross income requirements. First, at least 75% of
the Company's gross income (excluding gross income from certain sales of real
property held primarily for sale) for each taxable year must be derived directly
or indirectly from investments relating to real property or mortgages on real
property (including "rents from real property" and, in certain circumstances,
interest) or from certain types of temporary investments. Second, at least 95%
of the Company's gross income (excluding gross income from certain sales of real
property held primarily for sale) for each taxable year must be derived from
items of income that qualify under the 75% test, dividends, interest and gain
from the sale or disposition of stock or securities (or from any combination of
the foregoing). Third, gain from the sale or other disposition of stock or
securities held for less than one year, gain from certain sales of real property
held primarily for sale and gain from the sale or other disposition of real
property held for less than four years (apart from involuntary conversions and
sales of foreclosure property) must represent less than 30% of the Company's
gross income for each taxable year.
Rents received by the Company qualify as "rents from real property" in
satisfying the gross income requirements for a REIT described above only if
several conditions are met. First, the amount of rent must not be based in whole
or in part on the income or profits of any person. However, an amount received
or accrued generally will not be excluded from the term "rents from real
property" solely by reason of being based on a fixed percentage or percentages
of receipts or sales. Second, rents received from a tenant will not qualify as
"rents from real property" in satisfying the gross income test if the Company,
or an owner of 10% or more of the Company, actually or constructively owns 10%
or more of such tenant (a "Related Party Tenant"). Third, if rent attributable
to personal property, leased in connection with a lease of real property, is
greater than 15% of the total rent received under the lease, then the portion of
rent attributable to such personal property will not qualify as "rents from real
property." Finally, for rents received to qualify as "rents from real property,"
the Company generally must not operate or manage the property or furnish or
render services to the tenants of such property, other than through an
independent contractor from whom the Company derives no revenue, provided,
however, the Company may directly perform certain services that are "usually or
customarily rendered" in connection with the rental of space for occupancy only
and not otherwise considered "rendered to the occupant" of the property. The
Company monitors its activities to ensure that the foregoing tests are
satisfied. There can be no assurances, however, that the Company will not
realize rental income that does not qualify as "rents from real property,"
including as a result of the constructive ownership of an interest in a tenant
by Five Arrows. See "Class A Senior Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock."
The Company includes its proportionate share (based on its capital
interest) of income, gain, loss, deduction and credit from the Partnerships in
applying these income tests. In addition, the Company receives fees in exchange
for management services rendered to the Partnerships. Although the percentage of
those fees exceeding the Company's capital interest in the Partnership paying
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such fee will not qualify under the 75% or 95% gross income tests, the Company
believes that the aggregate amount of such income (together with any other
nonqualifying income) in any taxable year has not exceeded and is not expected
to exceed the limits on nonqualifying income under the gross income tests.
If the Company fails to satisfy one or both of the 75% or 95% gross
income tests for any taxable year, it may nevertheless qualify as a REIT for
such year if it is entitled to relief under certain provisions of the Code.
These relief provisions generally will be available if (i) the Company's failure
to meet such tests was due to reasonable cause and not due to willful neglect,
(ii) the Company attaches to its return for that year a schedule of the nature
and amount of each item of its income and (iii) any incorrect information on the
schedule was not due to fraud with intent to evade tax. However, in the event
the Company does not meet these tests, the Company would not be entitled to the
benefit of these relief provisions. If these relief provisions are inapplicable
to a particular set of circumstances involving the Company, the Company will not
qualify as a REIT. As discussed above in "--General," even if these relief
provisions apply, a tax would be imposed with respect to the excess
nonqualifying income. No comparable relief provisions are available to
mitigate the consequences of a failure to satisfy the 30% gross income test.
Asset Tests. The Company, at the close of each quarter of its taxable
year, must also satisfy three tests relating to the nature of its assets. First,
at least 75% of the value of the Company's total assets must be represented by
real estate assets, stock or debt instruments held for not more than one year
purchased with the proceeds of a stock offering or long-term (at least five
years) debt offering of the Company, cash, cash items and government securities.
Second, not more than 25% of Company's total assets may be represented by
securities other than those included in the 75% asset test. Third, of the
investments included in the 25% asset class, the value of any one issuer's
securities owned by the Company may not exceed 5% of the value of the Company's
total assets and the Company may not own more than 10% of any one issuer's
outstanding voting securities. In applying these tests, the Company will be
deemed to own a proportionate share of any assets owned, directly or indirectly,
by the Partnerships based on its capital interest in the Partnerships.
The Company believes that it has complied and will continue to comply
with the asset tests. Substantially all of the Company's investments represent
qualifying real estate assets, including the Company's share of the assets of
the Partnerships.
Annual Distribution Requirements. The Company, in order to qualify as a
REIT, is required to distribute dividends (other than capital gain dividends) to
its stockholders in an amount at least equal to (i) the sum of (a) 95% of the
Company's "REIT taxable income" (computed without regard to the dividends paid
deduction and the Company's net capital gain) and (b) 95% of the net income
(after tax), if any, from foreclosure property, minus (ii) the sum of certain
items of noncash income. "REIT taxable income" for any year means the taxable
income of the Company for such year (excluding any net income derived either
from property held primarily for sale to customers or from foreclosure
property), subject to certain adjustments provided in the REIT provisions of the
Code. In addition, if the Company disposes of any Built-in Gain Asset during
such asset's Recognition Period, the Company will be required, pursuant to IRS
regulations which have not yet been promulgated, to distribute at least 95% of
the Built-in Gain (after tax), if any, recognized on the disposition of such
asset. Such distributions must be paid in the taxable year to which they relate,
or in the following taxable year if declared before the Company timely files its
tax return for such year and if paid on or before the first regular dividend
payment after such declaration. The Company intends to make, and to cause the
Partnerships to make, timely distributions sufficient to enable the Company to
satisfy these annual distribution requirements. To the extent that the Company
does not distribute all of its net capital gain or distributes at least 95%, but
less than 100%, of its REIT taxable income, as adjusted, it will be subject to
tax thereon at regular capital gain and ordinary corporate tax rates.
It is possible that the Company, from time to time, may not have
sufficient cash or other liquid assets to meet the distribution requirements
described above due to timing differences between the actual receipt of income
and actual payment of deductible expenses and the inclusion of such income and
deduction of such expenses in arriving at taxable income of the Company, or if
nondeductible capital
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expenditures such as principal amortization or capital expenditures exceed the
amount of noncash deductions. In the event that such timing differences occur,
in order to meet the distribution requirements, the Company may find it
necessary to arrange, or to cause the Partnerships to arrange, for short-term or
long-term borrowing, to sell assets, or to pay dividends in the form of taxable
stock dividends.
Under certain circumstances, the Company may be able to rectify a
failure to meet the above distribution requirements for a year by paying
"deficiency dividends" to stockholders in a later year, which may be included in
the Company's deduction for dividends paid for the earlier year. The Company
will, however, be required to pay interest based upon the amount of any
deduction taken for deficiency dividends.
Furthermore, if the Company should fail to distribute each calendar
year at least the sum of (i) 85% of its REIT ordinary income for such year, (ii)
95% of its REIT capital gain income for such year and (iii) any undistributed
taxable income from prior periods, the Company will be subject to a 4% excise
tax on the excess of such required distribution over the amounts actually
distributed. Any REIT taxable income and capital gains on which tax is imposed
for any year is treated as an amount distributed during that year for purposes
of this excise tax.
FAILURE TO QUALIFY
If the Company should fail to qualify for taxation as a REIT in any
taxable year, and the relief provisions do not apply, the Company will be
subject to tax (including any applicable alternative minimum tax) on its taxable
income at rates applicable to regular C corporations. Distributions to
stockholders in any year in which the Company fails to qualify as a REIT will
not be deductible by the Company nor will they be required to be made. As a
result, the Company's failure to qualify as a REIT will reduce the cash
available for distribution by the Company to investors. In addition, if the
Company fails to qualify as a REIT, all distributions to stockholders will be
taxable as ordinary income to the extent of the Company's current and
accumulated earnings and profits, and, subject to certain limitations in the
Code, corporate distributees may be eligible for the dividends received
deduction. Unless entitled to relief under specific statutory provisions, the
Company will also be disqualified from taxation as a REIT for the four taxable
years following the year during which qualification was lost. It is not possible
to state whether in all circumstances the Company would be entitled to such
statutory relief.
TAXATION OF TAXABLE DOMESTIC STOCKHOLDERS
As long as the Company qualifies as a REIT, distributions made to the
Company's taxable domestic stockholders out of current or accumulated earnings
and profits (and not designated as capital gain dividends) will be taken into
account by them as ordinary income and will not be eligible for the dividends
received deduction for corporations. Distributions that are properly designated
by the Company as capital gain dividends will be taxed as long-term capital gain
(to the extent they do not exceed the Company's actual net capital gain for the
taxable year) without regard to the period for which the stockholder has held
its shares. However, corporate stockholders may be required to treat up to 20%
of certain capital gain dividends as ordinary income. Distributions (not
designated as capital gain dividends) in excess of current and accumulated
earnings and profits will be treated as tax-free returns of capital to the
extent of the stockholder's basis in the shares, and will reduce the adjusted
basis of such shares (but not below zero). To the extent distributions in excess
of current and accumulated earnings and profits exceed the basis of a
stockholder's shares they will be included in income as long-term capital gain
(or short-term capital gain if the shares have been held for one year or less),
assuming the shares are a capital asset in the hands of the stockholder. In
addition, any dividend declared by the Company in October, November or December
of any year payable to a stockholder of record on a specified date in any such
month shall be treated as both paid by the Company and received by the
stockholder on December 31 of such year,
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provided that the dividend is actually paid by the Company during January of the
following calendar year. Stockholders may not include in their individual income
tax returns any net operating losses or capital losses of the Company.
Upon any sale or other disposition of shares, a domestic stockholder
will recognize gain or loss for Federal income tax purposes in an amount equal
to the difference between (i) the amount of cash and the fair market value of
any property received on such sale or other disposition and (ii) the holder's
adjusted basis in such shares for tax purposes. In general, provided the shares
were held as a capital asset, any gain or loss realized on a taxable disposition
of shares will be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the shares have
been held for more than one year and otherwise as short-term capital gain or
loss. However, any loss upon a sale or exchange of shares by a stockholder who
has held such shares for six months or less (after applying certain holding
period rules) will be treated as a long-term capital loss to the extent of
distributions from the Company required to be treated by such stockholder as
long-term capital gain.
INFORMATION REPORTING AND BACKUP WITHHOLDING
The Company reports to its domestic stockholders and the IRS the amount
of dividends paid with respect to each calendar year, and the amount of tax
withheld therefrom, if any. Under the backup withholding rules, a stockholder
may be subject to backup withholding at a rate of 31% with respect to dividends
paid unless such holder (i) is a corporation or comes within certain other
exempt categories and, when required, demonstrates this fact or (ii) provides a
taxpayer identification number, certifies as to no loss of exemption from backup
withholding, and otherwise complies with applicable requirements of the backup
withholding rules. A stockholder that does not provide the Company with its
correct taxpayer identification number may also be subject to penalties imposed
by the IRS. Any amount withheld under the backup withholding rules will be
creditable against the stockholder's income tax liability. In addition, the
Company may be required to withhold a portion of capital gain distributions made
to any stockholders who fail to certify to their nonforeign status to the
Company. See "--Taxation of Non-U.S. Stockholders."
TAXATION OF TAX-EXEMPT STOCKHOLDERS
The IRS has ruled that amounts distributed as dividends by a REIT do
not constitute unrelated business taxable income ("UBTI") when received by a
tax-exempt entity. Based on that ruling, dividend income from the Company should
not, subject to certain exceptions described below, be UBTI to a qualified plan,
IRA or other tax-exempt entity (a "Tax-Exempt Stockholder") provided the
Tax-Exempt Stockholder has not held its shares as "debt financed property"
within the meaning of Section 514 of the Code and the shares are not otherwise
used in an unrelated trade or business of the Tax-Exempt Stockholder. Similarly,
income from the sale of stock of the Company should not, subject to certain
exceptions described below, constitute UBTI unless the Tax-Exempt Stockholder
has held such stock as a dealer (under Section 512(b)(5)(B) of the Code) or as
"debt-financed property."
For Tax-Exempt Stockholders that are social clubs, voluntary employee
benefit associations, supplemental unemployment benefit trusts, and qualified
group legal services plans exempt from federal income taxation under Sections
501(c)(7), (c)(9), (c)(17) and (c)(20) of the Code, respectively, income from an
investment in the Company will constitute UBTI unless the organization is able
to properly deduct amounts set aside or placed in reserve for certain purposes
so as to offset the income generated by its investment in the Company. Such
prospective investors should consult their tax advisors concerning these
"set-aside" and reserve requirements.
Notwithstanding the above, however, a portion of the dividends paid by
the Company may be treated as UBTI to certain trusts if the Company is treated
as a "pension held REIT." A trust will be subject to this rule if it (i) is
described in Section 401(a) of the Code, (ii) is tax-exempt under Section 501(a)
of the Code and (iii) holds more than 10% (by value) of the interests in the
REIT. Tax-exempt pension funds that are described in Section 401(a) of the Code
are referred to below as "qualified trusts."
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The Company will be treated as a "pension held REIT" if (i) it would
not have qualified as a REIT but for the fact that Section 856(h)(3) of the Code
provides that stock owned by qualified trusts shall be treated, for purposes of
the "five or fewer" stockholder requirement (discussed above), as owned by the
beneficiaries of the trust (rather than by the trust itself) and (ii) either (a)
at least one such qualified trust holds more than 25% (by value) of the
interests in the Company or (b) one or more such qualified trusts, each of whom
owns more than 10% (by value) of the interests in the Company, hold in the
aggregate more than 50% (by value) of the interests in the Company. The Company
believes that it has not been, and is not, a "pension held REIT."
TAXATION OF NON-U.S. STOCKHOLDERS
The rules governing United States federal income taxation of the
ownership and disposition of stock by persons that are, for purposes of such
taxation, nonresident alien individuals, foreign corporations, foreign
partnerships or foreign estates or trusts (collectively, "Non-U.S.
Stockholders") are complex, and no attempt is made herein to provide more than a
brief summary of such rules. Accordingly, the discussion does not address all
aspects of United States federal income tax law and does not address state,
local or foreign tax consequences that may be relevant to a Non-U.S. Stockholder
in light of its particular circumstances. In addition, this discussion is based
on current law, which is subject to change, and assumes that the Company
qualifies for taxation as a REIT. Prospective Non-U.S. Stockholders should
consult with their own tax advisors to determine the impact of federal, state,
local and foreign income and other tax laws with regard to an investment in
Securities, including any reporting requirements.
Distributions. Distributions by the Company to a Non-U.S. Stockholder
that are neither attributable to gain from sales or exchanges by the Company of
United States real property interests nor designated by the Company as capital
gains dividends will be treated as dividends of ordinary income to the extent
that they are made out of current or accumulated earnings and profits of the
Company. Such distributions generally will be subject to withholding of United
States federal income tax at a 30% rate on the total amount distributed unless
an applicable income tax treaty reduces or eliminates that tax. However,
dividends that are "effectively connected" with the conduct of a trade or
business by the Non-U.S. Stockholder (or, if an income tax treaty applies, are
attributable to a permanent establishment of the Non-U.S. Stockholder) will be
subject to tax on a net basis at graduated rates, in the same manner as domestic
stockholders are taxed with respect to such dividends, and are generally not
subject to withholding. Any such "effectively connected" dividends received by a
Non-U.S. Stockholder that is a corporation may also be subject to an additional
branch profits tax at a 30% rate or such lower rate as may be specified by an
applicable income tax treaty.
Pursuant to current Treasury Regulations, dividends paid to an address
in a country outside the United States are generally presumed to be paid to a
resident of such country for purposes of ascertaining the requirement of
withholding discussed above and the applicability of a tax treaty rate. Under
proposed Treasury Regulations not currently in effect, however, a Non-U.S.
Stockholder who seeks to claim the benefit of an applicable treaty rate would be
required to satisfy certain certification and other requirements. Under certain
treaties, lower withholding rates generally applicable to dividends do not apply
to dividends from a REIT, such as the Company. A Non-U.S. Stockholder must file
a properly completed and executed IRS Form 4224 (or, under proposed regulations
not currently in effect, IRS Form W-8) with the Company's withholding agent
certifying that the investment to which the distribution relates is effectively
connected with the conduct of a United States trade or business or is
attributable to a permanent establishment of such Non-U.S. Stockholder in order
to qualify for the exemption from withholding under the effectively connected
income or permanent establishment exemptions discussed above.
If stock of the Company is not a USRPI (as defined below),
distributions that are neither attributable to gain from sales or exchanges by
the Company of United States real property interests nor designated by the
Company as capital gains dividends and that are in excess of current or
accumulated earnings and profits of the Company will not be taxable to a
Non-U.S. Stockholder to the extent that they do not exceed the adjusted basis of
the stockholder's stock, but rather will reduce the adjusted basis of such
stock. If, however, the stock is treated as a USRPI, then unless otherwise
treated as a dividend for withholding purposes as described below, any such
distribution in excess of current or accumulated earnings and profits will be
subject to 10% withholding. To the extent such distributions in excess of the
Company's current and
41
<PAGE> 52
accumulated earnings and profits exceed the adjusted basis of a Non-U.S.
Stockholder's stock, they will give rise to gain from the sale or exchange of
the stock, the tax treatment of which is described below. Under current Treasury
Regulations, for purposes of withholding U.S. income tax, if it cannot be
determined at the time a distribution is made whether or not such distribution
will be in excess of current or accumulated earnings and profits, the entire
distribution will generally be treated as a dividend subject to withholding.
Amounts withheld are generally refundable if it is subsequently determined that
such amounts are, in fact, in excess of the Non-U.S. Stockholder's U.S. income
tax liability. Under proposed regulations not currently in effect, for purposes
of withholding U.S. income tax, the Company may, at its option, make a
reasonable estimate of the portion of a distribution that is out of current or
accumulated earnings and profits, although any such determination would not
affect the Non-U.S. Stockholder's liability for U.S. income tax.
Distributions to a Non-U.S. Stockholder that are attributable to gain
from sales or exchanges by the Company of United States real property interests
will be treated as income that is effectively connected with a United States
trade or business of the Non-U.S. Stockholder. Non-U.S. Stockholders would thus
generally be taxed on such distributions at the same rates applicable to
domestic stockholders (subject to a special alternative minimum tax in the case
of nonresident alien individuals). Also, such gain may be subject to a 30%
branch profits tax in the hands of a corporate Non-U.S. Stockholder that is not
entitled to a treaty exemption or rate reduction. The Company is required to
withhold 35% of any such distribution, and the withheld amount is creditable
against the Non-U.S. Stockholder's United States federal income tax liability.
Sale of Stock. Gain recognized by a Non-U.S. Stockholder upon a sale or
other disposition of stock of the Company generally will not be subject to
United States federal income tax unless (i) the stock constitutes a "United
States real property interest" (a "USRPI"), or (ii) the investment in the stock
is effectively connected with the Non-U.S. Stockholder's United States trade or
business (or, if an income tax treaty applies, is attributable to a permanent
establishment of the Non-U.S. Stockholder) or (iii) in the case of a Non-U.S.
Stockholder who is a nonresident alien individual, the individual is present in
the United States for 183 days or more during the taxable year and either has a
"tax home" in the United States or sold his shares under circumstances where the
sale is attributable to a U.S. office. Stock of the Company generally will not
constitute a USPRI if the Company is a "domestically controlled REIT" or if the
holder owned (during specified testing periods) 5% or less of the class of stock
sold and the stock sold was part of a class of stock regularly traded on an
established securities market. A domestically controlled REIT is defined
generally as a REIT in which at all times during a specified testing period less
than 50% in value of the stock was held directly or indirectly by foreign
persons. The Company currently believes that it is a domestically controlled
REIT. However, because the stock will be publicly traded, no assurance can be
given that the Company is or will continue to be a domestically-controlled REIT.
In the circumstances described above in clauses (i) and (ii), the Non-U.S.
Stockholders will generally be subject to the same treatment as domestic
stockholders with respect to such gain (subject to a special alternative minimum
tax in the case of nonresident alien individuals in the circumstances described
above in clause (i) and, in the case of foreign corporations, subject to the
possible application of the 30% branch profits tax, discussed above). In the
circumstances described above in clause (iii), the nonresident alien individual
will be subject to a 30% tax on the individual's capital gain.
Estate Tax. Certain types of Securities owned or treated as owned by an
individual who is not a citizen or resident (as specially defined for United
States federal estate tax purposes) of the United States at the time of death
may be includable in the individual's gross estate for United States federal
estate tax purposes, unless an applicable estate tax treaty provides otherwise.
Such individual's estate may be subject to United States federal estate tax on
the property includable in the estate for United States federal estate tax
purposes.
Information Reporting and Backup Withholding. The Company must report
annually to the IRS and to each Non-U.S. Stockholder the amount of distributions
subject to withholding as described above and the tax withheld with respect to
such distributions, regardless of whether withholding is actually required.
Copies of the information returns reporting such distributions and withholding
may also be made available to the tax authorities in the country in which the
Non-U.S. Stockholder resides under the provisions of an applicable income tax
treaty. Additional issues may arise pertaining to information
42
<PAGE> 53
reporting and backup withholding for Non-U.S. Stockholders. Non-U.S.
Stockholders should consult their tax advisors with regard to U.S. information
reporting and backup withholding.
OTHER TAX CONSEQUENCES
The Company and its investors may be subject to state or local
taxation in various state or local jurisdictions, including those in which it or
they transact business or reside. The state and local tax treatment of the
Company and its investors may not conform to the federal income tax consequences
discussed above. Consequently, prospective investors should consult their own
tax advisors regarding the effect of state and local tax laws on an investment
in the Company.
LEGAL MATTERS
Certain legal matters will be passed upon for the Company by Gibson,
Dunn & Crutcher LLP, Los Angeles, California, and the legality of the
Securities will be passed upon for the Company by Piper & Marbury LLP,
Baltimore, Maryland.
EXPERTS
The financial statements for Pacific Gulf Properties Inc. and the
Predecessor Multifamily and Industrial Operations included in the Company's
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1996 and incorporated
by reference in this Prospectus have been audited by Ernst & Young LLP,
independent auditors, as stated in their report appearing therein and has been
so included in reliance upon the report given upon their authority as experts in
accounting and auditing.
43
<PAGE> 54
NO DEALER, SALESMAN OR OTHER PERSON HAS BEEN AUTHORIZED TO GIVE ANY
INFORMATION OR TO MAKE ANY REPRESENTATIONS OTHER THAN THOSE CONTAINED HEREIN OR
INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE IN THIS PROSPECTUS AND, IF GIVEN OR MADE, SUCH
INFORMATION OR REPRESENTATIONS MUST NOT BE RELIED UPON AS HAVING BEEN AUTHORIZED
BY THE COMPANY OR ANY UNDERWRITER, AGENT, OR DEALER. THIS PROSPECTUS DOES NOT
CONSTITUTE AN OFFER TO SELL, OR A SOLICITATION OF AN OFFER TO BUY, THE
SECURITIES OFFERED HEREBY IN ANY JURISDICTION TO ANY PERSON TO WHOM IT IS
UNLAWFUL TO MAKE AN OFFER OR SOLICITATION. NEITHER THE DELIVERY OF THIS
PROSPECTUS NOR ANY SALE OF SECURITIES BEING OFFERED PURSUANT TO THIS PROSPECTUS
OR ANY ACCOMPANYING PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT SHALL UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCES COMMON
STOCK, PREFERRED STOCK, CREATE AN IMPLICATION THAT THERE HAS NOT BEEN ANY DEBT
SECURITIES CHANGE IN THE FACTS SET FORTH IN THIS PROSPECTUS OR AND IN THE
AFFAIRS OF THE COMPANY SINCE THE DATE HEREOF WARRANTS TO PURCHASE THE SECURITIES
OR THEREOF.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PROSPECTUS
<TABLE>
PAGE
----
<S> <C>
AVAILABLE INFORMATION................................3
INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE......4
THE COMPANY..........................................5
USE OF PROCEEDS......................................6
RATIO OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES...................7
RISK FACTORS.........................................8
DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK........................13
DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED STOCK......................17
DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS.............................22
DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES......................24
CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF MARYLAND LAW
AND OF THE COMPANY'S ARTICLES OF
INCORPORATION AND BYLAWS........................30
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION................................33
FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS...................35
LEGAL MATTERS.......................................43
EXPERTS.............................................43
</TABLE>
================================================================================
$250,000,000
[LOGO OMITTED]
PACIFIC GULF
PROPERTIES INC.
Common Stock, Preferred Stock,
Debt Securities
and
Warrants to Purchase the Securities
_______________
PROSPECTUS
________________
APRIL__, 1997
================================================================================
<PAGE> 55
PART II
INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS
ITEM 14. OTHER EXPENSES OF ISSUANCE AND DISTRIBUTION.
The following table sets forth the fees and expenses payable by the
Company in connection with the issuance and distribution of the Securities
registered hereby. All amounts other than the Registration Fee are estimates.
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
Registration fee....................................................... $75,758
NYSE listing fee....................................................... 40,000
Trustee's fees......................................................... 10,000
Printing, duplicating and engraving expenses........................... 130,000
Legal fees and expenses (other than Blue Sky).......................... 150,000
Accounting fees and expenses........................................... 100,000
Blue sky fees and expenses............................................. 20,000
Miscellaneous.......................................................... 74,242
--------
Total..................................................... $600,000
========
</TABLE>
ITEM 15. INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS.
The Company's Articles of Incorporation limit the liability of the
Company's directors and officers the Company and its stockholders to the fullest
extent permitted from time to time by Maryland law. Maryland law presently
permits the liability of directors and officers to a corporation or its
stockholders for money damages to be limited, except (i) to the extent that it
is proved that the director or officer actually received an improper benefit or
profit or (ii) if a judgment or other final adjudication is entered in a
proceeding based on a finding that the director's or officer's action, or
failure to act, was the result of active and deliberate dishonesty and was
material to the cause of action adjudicated in the proceeding. This provision
does not limit the ability of the Company or its stockholders to obtain other
relief, such as an injunction or rescission.
The Company's Bylaws require the Company to indemnify its directors,
officers, and certain other parties to the fullest extent permitted from time to
time by Maryland law. The Articles of Incorporation also permit the Company to
indemnify employees, agents and other persons acting on behalf of or at the
request of the Company. The MGCL permits a corporation to indemnify its
directors, officers and certain other parties against judgments, penalties,
fines, settlements and reasonable expenses actually incurred by them in
connection with any proceeding to which they may be made a party by reason of
their service to or at the request of the corporation, unless it is established
that the act or omission of the indemnified party was material to the matter
giving rise to the proceeding and (i) was committed in bad faith or was the
result of active and deliberate dishonesty, (ii) the indemnified party actually
received an improper personal benefit or (iii) in the case of any criminal
proceeding, the indemnified party had reasonable cause to believe that the act
or omission was unlawful. Indemnification may be made against judgments,
penalties, fines, settlements and reasonable expenses actually incurred by the
director or officer in connection with the proceeding; provided, however, that
if the proceeding is one by or in the right of the corporation, indemnification
may not be made with respect to any proceeding in which the director or officer
has been
II-1
<PAGE> 56
adjudged to be liable to the corporation. In addition, a director or officer may
not be indemnified with respect to any proceeding charging improper personal
benefit to the director or officer in which the director or officer was adjudged
to be liable on the basis that personal benefit was improperly received. The
termination of any proceeding by conviction, or upon a plea of nolo contendere
or its equivalent, or an entry of any order of probation prior to judgment,
creates a rebuttable presumption that the director or officer did not meet the
requisite standard of conduct required for indemnification to be permitted. It
is the position of the Commission that indemnification of directors and officers
for liabilities arising under the Securities Act is against public policy and is
unenforceable pursuant to Section 14 of the Securities Act. The Agreement of
Limited Partnership of the Operating Partnership also provides for
indemnification of the Company, or any director or officer of the Company, in
its capacity as general partner of the Partnership, from and against all losses,
claims, damages, liabilities, joint or several, expenses (including legal fees),
fines, settlements and other amounts incurred in connection with any actions
relating to the operations of the Operating Partnership as set forth in the
Operating Partnership Agreement. The Company entered into indemnification
agreements with each of its executive officers and directors. The
indemnification agreements require, among other things, that the Company
indemnify its officers and directors to the fullest extent permitted by the
MGCL, and advance to the officers and directors all related expenses, subject to
reimbursement if it is subsequently determined that indemnification is not
permitted. The Company must also indemnify and advance all expenses incurred by
officers and directors seeking to enforce their rights under the indemnification
agreements, and cover officers and directors under the Company's directors and
officers' liability insurance. Although the form of indemnification agreement
offers substantially the same scope of coverage afforded by provisions in the
Charter and the Bylaws, it provides greater assurance to directors and officers
that indemnification will be available, because, as a contract, it cannot be
modified unilaterally in the future by the Board of Directors or by the
stockholders to eliminate the rights it provides.
ITEM 16. EXHIBITS.
See Exhibit Index attached hereto and incorporated by reference.
ITEM 17. UNDERTAKINGS.
The undersigned Registrant hereby undertakes:
(1) To file, during any period in which offers or sales are
being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement;
(i) To include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3)
of the Securities Act of 1933;
(ii) To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising
after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most
recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the
aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth
in this registration statement;
(iii) To include any material information with respect to the
plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the Registration
Statement or any material change in such information in the
Registration Statement;
provided, however, that paragraphs (i) and (ii) above do not apply if the
information required to be included in a post-effective amendment by those
paragraphs is contained in periodic reports filed with or
II-2
<PAGE> 57
furnished to the Commission by the Registrant pursuant to Section 13 or Section
15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 that are incorporated by reference
in the Registration Statement.
(2) That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the
Securities Act, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new
registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the
offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona
fide offering thereof.
(3) To remove from registration by means of a post-effective
amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the
termination of the offering.
The undersigned Registrant hereby further undertakes that, for purposes
of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each filing of the
Registrant's annual report pursuant to Section 13(a) or Section 15(d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (and, where applicable, each filing of an
employee benefit plan's annual report pursuant to Section 15(d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934) that is incorporated by reference in this
registration statement shall be deemed to be a new registration statement
relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities
at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
The undersigned Registrant hereby further undertakes that:
(1) For purposes of determining any liability under the Securities
Act of 1933, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part
of this registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in a
form of prospectus filed by the Registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(1) or (4) or
497(h) under the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of this Registration
Statement as of the time it was declared effective.
(2) For the purpose of determining any liability under the
Securities Act of 1933, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of
prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the
securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time
shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities
Act may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the
Registrant pursuant to the provisions set forth or described in Item 15 of this
Registration Statement, or otherwise, the Registrant has been advised that in
the opinion of the Commission such indemnification is against public policy as
expressed in the Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim
for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the
Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling
person of the Registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or
proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person, in
connection with the securities registered hereby, the Registrant will, unless in
the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent,
submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such
indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities
Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
With respect to offerings of Warrants or rights, the undersigned
Registrant hereby undertakes to supplement the Prospectus, after the expiration
of the subscription period, to set forth the results of the subscription offer,
the transactions by the underwriters during the subscription period, the amount
of unsubscribed securities to be purchased by the underwriters, and the terms of
any subsequent reoffering thereof. If any public offering by the underwriters is
to be made on terms differing from those set forth on the cover page of the
applicable prospectus supplement, a post-effective amendment will be filed to
set forth the terms of such offering.
II-3
<PAGE> 58
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, the Registrant
certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the
requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this Amendment No. 1 to
Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto
duly authorized, in the City of Newport Beach, State of California, on this 10th
day of April, 1997.
PACIFIC GULF PROPERTIES INC.
By: /s/ GLENN L. CARPENTER
----------------------------------------
Glenn L. Carpenter
President and Chief Executive Officer
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this
Amendment No. 1 to Registration Statement has been signed below by the following
persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Signature Title Date
- --------- ----- ----
<S> <C> <C>
/s/ GLENN L. CARPENTER Chairman of the Board of Directors, President and April 10, 1997
- ----------------------------------------
Glenn L. Carpenter Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)
/s/ DONALD G. HERRMAN Executive Vice President, Secretary, and Chief April 10, 1997
- ----------------------------------------
Donald G. Herrman Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting
Officer)
*
- ---------------------------------------- Director April 10, 1997
Royce B. McKinley
*
- ---------------------------------------- Director April 10, 1997
Stewart W. Bowie
*
- ---------------------------------------- Director April 10, 1997
Peter L. Eppinga
*
- ---------------------------------------- Director April 10, 1997
John F. Kooken
</TABLE>
II-4
<PAGE> 59
<TABLE>
<S> <C> <C>
*
- ---------------------------------------- Director April 10, 1997
Robert E. Morgan
*
- ---------------------------------------- Director April 10, 1997
Keith W. Renken
*
- ---------------------------------------- Director April 10, 1997
James Quigley, the 3rd
*By: /s/ Glenn L. Carpenter
-----------------------------------
Glenn L. Carpenter
as Attorney-in-Fact
</TABLE>
II-5
<PAGE> 60
EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit
Number Description
------ -----------
**1.1 Form of Underwriting Agreement relating to the Debt Securities
**1.2 Form of Underwriting Agreement relating to the capital stock
***4.1 Articles of Amendment and Restatement of the Registrant
(previously filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Registration
Statement on Form S-11 (Registration No. 33-69382) declared
effective on February 10, 1994 and incorporated herein by
reference).
***4.2 Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Registrant (previously
filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Registration Statement
on Form S-11 (Registration No. 33-69382) declared effective
on February 10, 1994 and incorporated herein by reference).
4.3 Form of Indenture
**4.3.1 Form of Senior Indenture (Form of Senior Security included
therein)
**4.3.2 Form of Subordinated Indenture (Form of Subordinated Security
included therein)
***5.1 Opinion of Piper & Marbury
8.1 Opinion of Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP regarding certain tax
matters
***12.1 Statement re: Computation of Ratio of Earnings to
Fixed Charges
23.1 Consent of Ernst & Young LLP
***23.2 Consent of Piper & Marbury (included in Exhibit 5.1)
23.3 Consent of Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP (included in Exhibit
8.1)
***24 Powers of Attorney (included on signature page)
**25.1 Statement of Eligibility and Qualification of Senior Trustee
under the Trust Indenture Act (to be filed in accordance
with Rule 305(b)(2) of the Trust Indenture Act of 1939)
**25.2 Statement of Eligibility and Qualification of Subordinate
Trustee under the Trust Indenture Act (to be filed in
accordance with Rule 305(b)(2) of the Trust Indenture Act of
1939)
- --------------------------------
** To be filed by amendment when necessary or incorporated by
reference as may be required with the offering of Securities.
*** Previously filed.
<PAGE> 1
EXHIBIT 4.3
/
PACIFIC GULF PROPERTIES INC.,
Issuer
and
-----------------,
Trustee
INDENTURE
DATED AS OF __________
DEBT SECURITIES
<PAGE> 2
REFERENCE SHEET*
Reference is made to the following provisions of the Trust Indenture Act
of 1939, as amended, which establish certain duties and responsibilities of the
Company and the Trustee which may not be set forth in this Indenture:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SECTION SUBJECT
- ------- -------
<S> <C>
310(b) Disqualification of the Trustee
for conflicting interest
311 Preferential collection of
claims of the Trustee as
creditor of the Company
312(a) Periodic filing of information
by the Company with Trustee
312(b) Access of Securityholders to
information
313(a)
Annual report of the Trustee to
Securityholders
313(b)
Additional reports of the
Trustee to Securityholders
314(a)
Reports by the Company,
including annual compliance
certificate
314(c) Evidence of compliance with
conditions precedent
315(a) Duties of the Trustee prior to
default
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SECTION SUBJECT
- ------- -------
<S> <C>
315(b) Notice of default from the
Trustee to Securityholders
315(c) Duties of the Trustee in case
of default
315(d)
Provisions relating to
responsibility of the Trustee
315(e) Assessment of costs against
litigating Securityholders in
certain circumstances
316(a) Directions and waivers by
Securityholders in certain
circumstances
316(b) Prohibition of impairment of
right of Securityholders to
payment
316(c) Right of the Company to set
record date for certain purposes
317(a)
Special powers of the Trustee
</TABLE>
- --------
* This reference sheet is not a part of the Indenture.
<PAGE> 3
318(a)
Provisions of Trust Indenture
Act of 1939 to control in case
of conflict
<PAGE> 4
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
TABLE OF CONTENTS
-----------------
<S> <C>
RECITALS OF THE COMPANY......................................................................1
ARTICLE ONE
DEFINITIONS AND OTHER PROVISIONS OF GENERAL APPLICATION......................................1
SECTION 101 Definitions.......................................................1
SECTION 102 Compliance Certificates and Opinions..............................9
SECTION 103 Form of Documents Delivered to Trustee...........................10
SECTION 104 Acts of Holders..................................................10
SECTION 105 Notices, etc.....................................................12
SECTION 106 Notice to Holders; Waiver........................................12
SECTION 107 Effect of Headings and Table of Contents.........................13
SECTION 108 Successors and Assigns...........................................13
SECTION 109 Separability Clause..............................................13
SECTION 110 Benefits of Indenture............................................13
SECTION 111 Governing Law....................................................13
SECTION 112 Legal Holidays...................................................13
ARTICLE TWO
SECURITIES FORMS............................................................................14
SECTION 201 Forms of Securities..............................................14
SECTION 202 Form of Trustee's Certificate of Authentication..................14
SECTION 203 Securities Issuable in Global Form...............................14
ARTICLE THREE
THE SECURITIES..............................................................................15
SECTION 301 Amount Unlimited; Issuable in Series.............................15
</TABLE>
<PAGE> 5
<TABLE>
<S> <C> <C>
SECTION 302 Denominations....................................................19
SECTION 303 Execution, Authentication, Delivery and Dating...................20
SECTION 304 Temporary Securities.............................................22
SECTION 305 Registration, Registration of Transfer and Exchange..............24
SECTION 306 Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Securities.................27
SECTION 307 Payment of Interest -- Interest Rights Preserved.................28
SECTION 308 Persons Deemed Owners............................................30
SECTION 309 Cancellation.....................................................31
SECTION 310 Computation of Interest..........................................31
ARTICLE FOUR
SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE..................................................................32
SECTION 401 Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture..........................32
SECTION 402 Application of Trust Funds.......................................33
ARTICLE FIVE
REMEDIES....................................................................................33
SECTION 501 Events of Default................................................33
SECTION 502 Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment...............35
SECTION 503 Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by
Trustee..........................................................36
SECTION 504 Trustee May File Proofs of Claim.................................37
SECTION 505 Trustee May Enforce Claims Without Possession of
Securities of Coupons............................................38
SECTION 506 Application of Money Collected...................................38
SECTION 507 Limitation on Suits..............................................38
SECTION 508 Unconditional Right of Holders to Receive Principal,
Premium, if any, Interest and Additional Amounts.................39
</TABLE>
<PAGE> 6
<TABLE>
<S> <C> <C>
SECTION 509 Restoration of Rights and Remedies...............................39
SECTION 510 Rights and Remedies Cumulative...................................39
SECTION 511 Delay or Omission Not Waiver.....................................39
SECTION 512 Control by Holders of Securities.................................40
SECTION 513 Waiver of Past Defaults..........................................40
SECTION 514 Waiver of Usury, Stay or Extension Laws..........................40
SECTION 515 Undertaking for Costs............................................41
ARTICLE SIX
THE TRUSTEE.................................................................................41
SECTION 601 Notice of Defaults...............................................41
SECTION 602 Certain Rights of Trustee........................................41
SECTION 603 Not Responsible for Recitals or Issuance of Securities...........43
SECTION 604 May Hold Securities..............................................43
SECTION 605 Money Held in Trust..............................................43
SECTION 606 Compensation and Reimbursement...................................43
SECTION 607 Corporate Trustee Required; Eligibility; Conflicting
Interests........................................................44
SECTION 608 Resignation and Removal; Appointment of Successor................44
SECTION 609 Acceptance of Appointment by Successor...........................45
SECTION 610 Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to Business......47
SECTION 611 Appointment of Authentication Agent..............................47
ARTICLE SEVEN
HOLDERS' LISTS AND REPORTS BY TRUSTEE AND COMPANY...........................................49
SECTION 701 Disclosure of Names and Addresses of Holders.....................49
SECTION 702 Reports by Trustee...............................................49
</TABLE>
<PAGE> 7
<TABLE>
<S> <C> <C> <C>
SECTION 703 Reports by Company...............................................49
SECTION 704 Company to Furnish to Trustee Names and Addresses of
Holders..........................................................50
ARTICLE EIGHT
CONSOLIDATION, MERGER, SALE, LEASE OR CONVEYANCE............................................50
SECTION 801 Consolidation and Mergers of Company and Sales, Leases and
Conveyance Permitted Subject to Certain Conditions...............50
SECTION 802 Rights and Duties of Successor Corporation.......................51
SECTION 803 Officers' Certificate and Opinion of Counsel.....................51
ARTICLE NINE
SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES.....................................................................51
SECTION 901 Supplemental Indentures Without Consent of Holders...............51
SECTION 902 Supplemental Indentures with Consent of Holders..................53
SECTION 903 Execution of Supplement Indentures...............................54
SECTION 904 Effect of Supplemental Indentures................................54
SECTION 905 Conformity with Trust Indenture Act..............................54
SECTION 906 Reference in Securities to Supplemental Indentures...............54
ARTICLE TEN
COVENANTS...................................................................................54
SECTION 1001 Payment of Principal, Premium, if any, Interest and
Additional Amounts...............................................54
SECTION 1002 Maintenance of Office or Agency..................................55
SECTION 1003 Money for Securities Payments to Be Held in Trust................56
SECTION 1004 Existence........................................................58
SECTION 1005 Provision of Financial Information...............................58
SECTION 1006 Statement as to Compliance.......................................58
</TABLE>
<PAGE> 8
<TABLE>
<S> <C> <C> <C>
SECTION 1007 Maintenance of Properties........................................59
SECTION 1008 Insurance........................................................59
SECTION 1009 Payment of Taxes and Other Claims................................59
SECTION 1010 Additional Amounts...............................................59
SECTION 1011 Waiver of Certain Covenants......................................60
ARTICLE ELEVEN
REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES....................................................................60
SECTION 1101 Applicability of Article.........................................60
SECTION 1102 Election to Redeem; Notice to Trustee............................61
SECTION 1103 Selection by Trustee of Securities to Be Redeemed................61
SECTION 1104 Notice of Redemption.............................................61
SECTION 1105 Deposit of Redemption Price......................................63
SECTION 1106 Securities Payable on Redemption Date............................63
SECTION 1107 Securities Redeemed in Part......................................64
ARTICLE TWELVE
SINKING FUNDS...............................................................................64
SECTION 1201 Applicability of Article.........................................64
SECTION 1202 Satisfaction of Sinking Fund Payments with Securities............64
SECTION 1203 Redemption of Securities for Sinking Fund........................65
ARTICLE THIRTEEN
REPAYMENT AT THE OPTION OF HOLDERS..........................................................65
SECTION 1301 Applicability of Article.........................................65
SECTION 1302 Repayment of Securities..........................................65
SECTION 1303 Exercise of Option...............................................66
</TABLE>
<PAGE> 9
<TABLE>
<S> <C> <C>
SECTION 1304 When Securities Presented for Recipient Become Due and
Payable..........................................................66
SECTION 1305 Securities Repaid in Part........................................67
ARTICLE FOURTEEN
DEFEASANCE AND COVENANT DEFEASANCE..........................................................67
SECTION 1401 Applicability of Article; Company's Option to Effect
Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance................................67
SECTION 1402 Defeasance and Discharge.........................................68
SECTION 1403 Covenant Defeasance..............................................68
SECTION 1404 Conditions to Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance..................69
SECTION 1405 Deposited Money and Government Obligations to Be Held in
Trust; Other Miscellaneous Provisions............................70
ARTICLE FIFTEEN
MEETINGS OF HOLDERS OF SECURITIES...........................................................71
SECTION 1501 Purposes for Which Meetings May Be Called........................71
SECTION 1502 Call, Notice and Place of Meetings...............................71
SECTION 1503 Persons Entitled to Vote at Meetings.............................72
SECTION 1504 Quorum; Action...................................................72
SECTION 1505 Determination of Voting Rights; Conduct and Adjournment of
Meetings.........................................................73
SECTION 1506 Counting Votes and Recording Action of Meeting...................74
EXHIBIT A-1..................................................................................1
EXHIBIT A-2..................................................................................1
</TABLE>
<PAGE> 10
INDENTURE, dated as of _______, between Pacific Gulf Properties Inc., a
Maryland real estate investment trust (hereinafter called the "Company"), having
its principal office at 363 San Miguel Drive, Newport Beach, CA 92660 and
_________ as Trustee hereunder (hereinafter called the "Trustee"), having a
Corporate Trust Office at _______________.
RECITALS OF THE COMPANY
The Company deems it necessary to issue from time to time for lawful
purposes its unsecured debt securities (hereinafter called the "Securities")
evidencing its unsecured indebtedness, and has duly authorized the execution and
delivery of this Indenture, to provide for the issuance from time to time of the
Securities, unlimited as to principal amount, to bear interest at the rates or
formulas, to mature at such times and to have such other provisions as shall be
fixed as hereinafter provided.
This Indenture is subject to the provisions of the Trust Indenture Act
of 1939, as amended, that are deemed to be incorporated into this Indenture by
such Act, and shall, to the extent applicable, be governed by such provisions.
All things necessary to make this Indenture a valid agreement of the
Company, in accordance with its terms, have been done.
NOW, THEREFORE, THIS INDENTURE WITNESSETH:
For and in consideration of the premises and the purchase of the
Securities by the Holders thereof, it is mutually covenanted and agreed, for the
equal and proportionate benefit of all Holders of the Securities, as follows:
ARTICLE ONE
DEFINITIONS AND OTHER PROVISIONS OF GENERAL APPLICATION
SECTION 101. Definitions. For all purposes of this Indenture, except
as otherwise expressly provided or unless the context otherwise requires:
(1) the terms defined in this Article have the meanings assigned to them
in this Article, and include the plural as well as the singular;
(2) all other terms used herein which are defined in the TIA, either
directly or by reference therein, have the meanings assigned to them therein,
and the terms "cash transaction" and "self-liquidating paper", as used in TIA
Section 311, shall have the meanings assigned to them in the rules of the
Commission adopted under the TIA;
(3) all accounting terms not otherwise defined herein have the meanings
assigned to them in accordance with GAAP; and
<PAGE> 11
(4) the words "herein", "hereof" and "hereunder" and other words of
similar import refer to this Indenture as a whole and not to any particular
Article, Section or other subdivision.
Certain terms, used principally in Article Three, Article Five, Article
Six and Article Ten, are defined in those Articles.
"Act", when used with respect to any Holder, has the meaning specified
in Section 104.
"Additional Amounts" means any additional amounts which are required by
a Security or by or pursuant to a Board Resolution, under circumstances
specified therein, to be paid by the Company in respect of certain taxes imposed
on certain Holders and which are owing to such holders.
"Affiliate" of any specified Person means any other Person directly or
indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common
control with such specified Person. For the purposes of this definition,
"control" when used with respect to any specified Person means the power to
direct the management and policies of such Person, directly or indirectly,
whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise and
the terms "controlling" and "controlled" have meanings correlative to the
foregoing.
"Authenticating Agent" means any authenticating agent appointed by the
Trustee pursuant to Section 611.
"Authorized Newspaper" means a newspaper, printed in the English
language or in an official language of the country of publication, customarily
published on each Business Day, whether or not published on Saturdays, Sundays
or holidays, and of general circulation in each place in connection with which
the term is used or in the financial community of each such place. Whenever
successive publications are required to be made in Authorized Newspapers, the
successive publications may be made in the same or in different Authorized
Newspapers in the same city meeting the foregoing requirements and in each case
on any Business Day.
"Bearer Security" means any Security established pursuant to Section 201
which is payable to bearer.
"Board" means the board of directors of the Company, the executive
committee or any committee of that board duly authorized to act hereunder.
"Board Resolution" means a copy of a resolution certified by the
Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company to have been duly adopted by
the Board and to be in full force and effect on the date of such certification,
and delivered to the Trustee.
"Business Day", when used with respect to any Place of Payment or any
other particular location referred to in this Indenture or in the Securities,
means, unless otherwise specified with respect to any Securities pursuant to
Section 301, any day, other than a Saturday or Sunday, that is neither a legal
holiday nor a day on which banking institutions in that Place of Payment or
particular location are authorized or required by law, regulation or executive
order to close.
<PAGE> 12
"Capitalized Leases" means any lease of property by the Company or any
Subsidiary as lessee which is reflected on the Company's consolidated balance
sheet as a capitalized lease, or which should be so reflected, in accordance
with GAAP.
"CEDEL" means Centrale de Livraison de Valeurs Mobilieres, S.A., or its
successor.
"Commission" means the Securities and Exchange Commission, as from time
to time constituted, created under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or, if
at any time after execution of this instrument such Commission is not existing
and performing the duties now assigned to it under the Trust Indenture Act, then
the body performing such duties on such date.
"Common Shares" means shares of the Company's Common Stock, $0.01 par
value.
"Company" means the Person named as the "Company" in the first paragraph
of this Indenture until a successor shall have become such pursuant to the
applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter "Company" shall mean
such successor.
"Common Depository" shall have the meaning specified in Section 304.
"Company Request" and "Company Order" mean, respectively, a written
request or order signed in the name of the Company by the President or a Vice
President, and by its Treasurer, an Assistant Treasurer, the Secretary or an
Assistant Secretary, of the Company, and delivered to the Trustee.
"Conversion Event" means the cessation of use of (i) a Foreign Currency
either by the government of the country which issued such currency or for the
settlement of transactions by a central bank or other public institution of or
within the international banking community, (ii) the ECU either within the
European Monetary System or for the settlement of transactions by public
institutions of or within the European Community or (iii) any currency unit (or
composite currency) other than the ECU for the purposes for which it was
established.
"Corporate Trust Office" means the office of the Trustee at which, at
any particular time, its corporate trust business shall be principally
administered, which office at the date hereof is located at ______________;
provided that with respect to presentment, transfer, exchange, registration or
payment of Securities, "Corporate Trust Office" means c/o the corporate trust
office of _______________.
"Coupon" means any interest coupon appertaining to a Bearer Security.
"Debt" of the Company or any Subsidiary means, without duplication, any
indebtedness of the Company or any Subsidiary, in respect of (i) borrowed money,
(ii) evidenced by bonds, notes, debentures or similar instruments, (iii)
indebtedness secured by any mortgage, pledge, lien, charge, encumbrance or any
security interest existing on property owned by the Company or any Subsidiary,
(iv) letters of credit or amounts representing the balance deferred and unpaid
of the purchase price of any property except any such balance that constitutes
an accrued expense or trade payable or (iv) Capitalized Leases, and also
includes, to the extent not otherwise included,
<PAGE> 13
any obligation by the Company or any Subsidiary to be liable for, or to pay, as
obligor, guarantor or otherwise (other than for purposes of collection in the
ordinary course of business), indebtedness of another person (other than the
Company or any Subsidiary).
"Defaulted Interest" has the meaning specified in Section 307.
"Dollar" or "$" means a dollar or other equivalent unit in such coin or
currency of the United States of America as at the time shall be legal tender
for the payment of public and private debts.
"DTC" means The Depository Trust Company, or any successor thereto.
"ECU" means the European Currency Unit as defined and revised from time
to time by the Council of the European Community.
"Euroclear" means Morgan Guaranty Trust Company of New York, Brussels
Office, or its successor as operator of the Euroclear System.
"European Community" means the European Economic Community.
"European Monetary System" means the European Monetary System
established by the Resolution of December 5, 1978 of the Council of the European
Community.
"Event of Default" has the meaning specified in Article Five.
"Foreign Currency" means any currency, currency unit or composite
currency, including, without limitation, the ECU, issued by the government of
one or more countries other than the United States of America or by any
recognized confederation or association of such governments.
"GAAP" means generally accepted accounting principles as used in the
United States applied on a consistent basis.
"Government Obligations" means securities which are (i) direct
obligations of the United States of America or the government which issued the
Foreign Currency in which the Securities of a particular series are payable, for
the payment of which its full faith and credit is pledged or (ii) obligations of
a Person controlled or supervised by and acting as an agency or instrumentality
of the United States of America or such government which issued the foreign
currency in which the Securities of such series are payable, the payment of
which is unconditionally guaranteed as a full faith and credit obligation by the
United States of America or such other government, which, in either case, are
not callable or redeemable at the option of the issuer thereof, and shall also
include a depository receipt issued by a bank or trust company as custodian with
respect to any such Government Obligation or a specific payment of interest on
or principal of any such Government Obligation held by such custodian for the
account of the holder of a depository receipt, provided that (except as required
by law) such custodian is not authorized to make any deduction from the amount
payable to the holder of such depository receipt from any amount
<PAGE> 14
received by the custodian in respect of the Government Obligation or the
specific payment of interest on or principal of the Government Obligation
evidenced by such depository receipt.
"Holder" means, in the case of a Registered Security, the Person in
whose name a Security is registered in the Security Register and, in the case of
a Bearer Security, the bearer thereof and, when used with respect to any coupon,
shall mean the bearer thereof.
"Indenture" means this instrument as originally executed or as it may
from time to time be supplemented or amended by one or more indentures
supplemental hereto entered into pursuant to the applicable provisions hereof,
and shall include the terms of particular series of Securities established as
contemplated by Section 301; provided, however, that, if at any time more than
one Person is acting as Trustee under this instrument, "Indenture" shall mean,
with respect to any one or more series of Securities for which any such Person
is Trustee, this instrument as originally executed or as it may from time to
time be supplemented or amended and shall include the terms of the or those
particular series of Securities for which such Person is Trustee established as
contemplated by Section 301, exclusive, however, of any provisions or terms
which relate solely to other series of Securities for which such Person is not
Trustee.
"Indexed Security" means a Security the terms of which provide that the
principal amount thereof payable at Stated Maturity may be more or less than the
principal face amount thereof at original issuance, as determined by reference
to a particular index or other measure specified in a supplemental indenture
relating to such Security.
"Interest", when used with respect to an Original Issue Discount
Security which by its terms bears interest only after Maturity, shall mean
interest payable after Maturity, and, when used with respect to a Security which
provides for the payment of Additional Amounts pursuant to Section 1010,
includes such Additional Amounts.
"Interest Payment Date", when used with respect to any Security, means
the Stated Maturity of an installment of interest on such Security.
"Maturity", when used with respect to any Security, means the date on
which the principal of such Security or an installment of principal becomes due
and payable as therein or herein provided, whether at the Stated Maturity or by
declaration of acceleration, notice of redemption, notice of option to elect
repayment or otherwise.
"Officers' Certificate" means a certificate signed by the President or a
Vice President and by the Treasurer, an Assistant Treasurer, the Secretary or an
Assistant Secretary of the Company, and delivered to the Trustee.
"Opinion of Counsel" means a written opinion of counsel, who may, if
permitted by the TIA, be counsel for the Company or who may be an employee of or
other counsel for the Company.
<PAGE> 15
"Original Issue Discount Security" means any Security which provides for
an amount less than the principal amount thereof to be due and payable upon a
declaration of acceleration of the Maturity thereof pursuant to Section 502.
"Outstanding", when used with respect to Securities, means, as of the
date of determination, all Securities theretofore authenticated and delivered
under this Indenture, except:
(i) Securities theretofore canceled by the Trustee or
delivered to the Trustee for cancellation;
(ii) Securities, or portions thereof, for whose payment or
redemption or repayment at the option of the Holder money in the
necessary amount has been theretofore deposited with the Trustee or any
Paying Agent (other than the Company) in trust for the Holders of such
Securities and any coupons appertaining thereto, provided that, if such
Securities are to be redeemed, notice of such redemption has been duly
given pursuant to this Indenture or provision therefor satisfactory to
the Trustee has been made;
(iii) Securities, except to the extent provided in Sections 1402
and 1403, with respect to which the Company has effected defeasance as
provided in Article Fourteen;
(iv) Securities which have been paid pursuant to Section 306 or
in exchange for or in lieu of which other Securities have been
authenticated and delivered pursuant to this Indenture, other than any
such Securities in respect of which there shall have been presented to
the Trustee proof satisfactory to it that such Securities are held by a
bona fide purchaser in whose hands such Securities are valid obligations
of the Company; and
(v) Securities converted into Common Shares or Preferred Shares
pursuant to or in accordance with this Indenture, if the terms of such
Securities provide for convertibility pursuant to Section 301;
provided, however, that in determining whether the Holders of the requisite
principal amount of the Outstanding Securities have given any request, demand,
authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver hereunder or are present at
a meeting of Holders for quorum purposes, and for the purpose of making the
calculations required by TIA Section 313, (i) the principal amount of an
Original Issue Discount Security that may be counted in making such
determination or calculation and that shall be deemed to be Outstanding for such
purpose shall be equal to the amount of principal thereof that would be (or
shall have been declared to be) due and payable, at the time of such
determination, upon a declaration of acceleration of the maturity thereof
pursuant to Section 502, (ii) the principal amount of any Security denominated
in a Foreign Currency that may be counted in making such determination or
calculation and that shall be deemed Outstanding for such purpose shall be equal
to the Dollar equivalent, determined pursuant to Section 301 as of the date such
Security is originally issued by the Company, of the principal amount (or, in
the case of an Original Issue Discount Security, the Dollar equivalent as
<PAGE> 16
of such date of original issuance of the amount determined as provided in clause
(i) above) of such Security, (iii) the principal amount of any Indexed Security
that may be counted in making such determination or calculation and that shall
be deemed outstanding for such purpose shall be equal to the principal face
amount of such indexed Security at original issuance, unless otherwise provided
with respect to such Security pursuant to Section 301, and (iv) Securities owned
by the Company or any other obligor upon the Securities or any Affiliate of the
Company or of such other obligor shall be disregarded and deemed not to be
Outstanding, except that, in determining whether the Trustee shall be protected
in making such calculation or in relying upon any such request, demand,
authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver, only Securities which the
Trustee knows to be so owned shall be so disregarded.
"Paying Agent" means any Person authorized by the Company to pay the
principal of (and premium, if any) or interest on any securities or coupons on
behalf of the Company.
"Person" means any individual, corporation, partnership, joint venture,
association, joint-stock company, trust, unincorporated organization or
government or any agency or political subdivision thereof.
"Place of Payment", when used with respect to the Securities of any
series, means the place or places where the principal of (and premium, if any)
and interest on such Securities are payable as specified as contemplated by
Sections 301 and 1002.
"Predecessor Security" of any particular Security means every previous
Security evidencing all or a portion of the same debt as that evidenced by such
particular Security; and, for the purposes of this definition, any Security
authenticated and delivered under Section 306 in exchange for or in lieu of a
mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security or a Security to which a
mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen coupon appertains; shall be deemed to
evidence the same debt as the mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security or
the Security to which the mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen coupon
appertains.
"Preferred Shares" means shares of the Company's Preferred Stock, $0.01
par value.
"Redemption Date", when used with respect to any Security to be
redeemed, in whole or in part, means the date fixed for such redemption by or
pursuant to this Indenture.
"Redemption Price", when used with respect to any Security to be
redeemed, means the price at which it is to be redeemed pursuant to this
Indenture.
"Registered Security" shall mean any Security established pursuant to
Section 201 which is registered in the Security Register.
"Regular Record Date" for the interest payable on any Interest Payment
Date on the Registered Securities of any series means the date specified for
that purpose as contemplated by Section 301, whether or not a Business Day.
<PAGE> 17
"Repayment Date" means, when used with respect to any Security to be
repaid at the option of the Holder, the date fixed for such repayment by or
pursuant to this Indenture.
"Responsible Officer", when used with respect to the Trustee, means the
chairman or vice-chairman of the board of directors, the chairman or
vice-chairman of the executive committee of the board of directors, the
president, any vice president (whether or not designated by a number or a word
or words added before or after the title "vice president"), the secretary, any
Assistant secretary, the treasurer, any assistant treasurer, the cashier, any
assistant cashier, any trust officer, the controller or any other officer of the
Trustee customarily performing functions similar to those performed by any of
the above designated officers and also means with respect to a particular
corporate trust matter, any other officer to whom such matter is referred
because of such officer's knowledge and familiarity with the particular subject.
"Security" has the meaning stated in the first recital of this Indenture
and, more particularly, means any Security or Securities authenticated and
delivered under this Indenture; provided, however, that, if at any time there is
more than one Person acting as Trustee under this Indenture, "Securities" with
respect to the Indenture as to which such Person is Trustee shall have the
meaning stated in the first recital of this Indenture and shall more
particularly mean Securities authenticated and delivered by such Trustee (or its
predecessor as such) under this Indenture, exclusive, however, of Securities of
any series as to which such Person is not Trustee.
"Security Register" and "Security Registrar" have the respective
meanings specified in Section 305.
"Significant Subsidiary" means any Subsidiary which is a "significant
subsidiary" (as defined in Article I, Rule 1-02 of Regulation S-X, promulgated
under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended) of the Company.
"Special Record Date" for the payment of any Defaulted Interest on the
Registered Securities of any series means a date fixed by the Trustee pursuant
to Section 307.
"Stated Maturity", when used with respect to any Security or any
installment of principal thereof or interest thereon, means the date specified
in such Security or a coupon representing such installment of interest as the
fixed date on which the principal of such Security or such installment of
principal or interest is due and payable.
"Subsidiary" means a corporation a majority of the outstanding voting
stock of which is owned, directly or indirectly, by the Company or by one or
more other Subsidiaries of the Company. For the purposes of this definition,
"voting stock" means stock having voting power for the election of directors,
whether at all times or only so long as no senior class of stock has such voting
power by reason of any contingency.
"Trust Indenture Act" or "TIA" means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as
amended and as in force at the date as of which this Indenture was executed,
except as provided in Section 905.
<PAGE> 18
"Trustee" means the Person named as the "Trustee" in the first paragraph
of this Indenture until a successor Trustee shall have become such pursuant to
the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter "Trustee" shall mean
or include each Person who is then a Trustee hereunder; provided, however, that
if at any time there is more than one such Person, "Trustee" as used with
respect to the Securities of any series shall mean only the Trustee with respect
to Securities of that series.
"United States" means, unless otherwise specified with respect to any
Securities pursuant to Section 301, the United States of America (including the
states and the District of Columbia), its territories, its possessions and other
areas subject to its jurisdiction.
"United States person" means, unless otherwise specified with respect to
any Securities pursuant to Section 301, an individual who is a citizen or
resident of the United States, a corporation, partnership or other entity
created organized in or under the laws of the United States or an estate or
trust the income of which is subject to United States federal income taxation
regardless of its source.
"Yield to Maturity" means the yield to maturity, computed at the time of
issuance of a Security (or, if applicable, at the most recent redetermination of
interest on such Security) and as set forth in such Security in accordance with
generally accepted United States bond yield Computation principles.
SECTION 102. Compliance Certificates and Opinions. Upon any application
or request by the Company to the Trustee to take any action under any provision
of this Indenture, the Company shall furnish to the Trustee an Officers'
Certificate stating that all conditions precedent, if any, provided for in this
Indenture relating to the proposed action have been complied with and an opinion
of Counsel stating that in the opinion of such counsel all such conditions
precedent, if any, have been complied with, except that in the case of any such
application or request as to which the furnishing of such documents is
specifically required by any provision of this Indenture relating to such
particular application or request, no additional certificate or opinion need be
furnished.
Every certificate or opinion with respect to compliance with a condition
or covenant provided for in this Indenture (including certificates delivered
pursuant to Section 1006) shall include:
(1) a statement that each individual signing such certificate or opinion
has read such condition or covenant and the definitions herein relating
thereto;
(2) a brief statement as to the nature and scope of the examination or
investigation upon which the statements or opinions contained in such
certificate or opinion are based;
(3) a statement that, in the opinion of each such individual, he has
made such examination or investigation as is necessary to enable him to
express an informed
<PAGE> 19
opinion as to whether or not such condition or covenant has been
complied with; and
(4) a statement as to whether, in the opinion of each such individual,
such condition or covenant has been complied with.
SECTION 103. Form of Documents Delivered to Trustee. In any case where
several matters are required to be certified by or covered by an opinion of any
specified Person, it is not necessary that all such matters be certified by, or
covered by the opinion of, only one such Person, or that they be so certified or
covered by only one document, but one such Person may certify or give an opinion
as to some matters and one or more other such Persons as to other matters, and
any such Person may certify or give an opinion as to such matters in one or
several documents.
Any certificate or opinion of an officer of the Company may be based,
insofar as it relates to legal matters, upon an Opinion of Counsel, or a
certificate or representations by counsel, unless such officer knows, or in the
exercise of reasonable care should know, that the opinion, certificate or
representations with respect to the matters upon which his certificate or
opinion is based are erroneous. Any such Opinion of Counsel or certificate or
representations may be based, insofar as it relates to factual matters upon a
certificate or opinion of, or representations by, an officer or officers of the
Company stating that the information as to such factual matters is in the
possession of the Company, unless such counsel knows that the certificate or
opinion or representations as to such matters are erroneous.
Where any Person is required to make, give or execute two or more
applications, requests, consents, certificates, statements, opinions or other
instruments under this Indenture, they may, but need not, be consolidated and
form one instrument.
SECTION 104. Acts of Holders.
(a) Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent,
waiver or other action provided by this Indenture to be given or taken by
Holders of the Outstanding Securities of all series or one or more series, as
the case may be, may be embodied in and evidenced by one or more instruments of
substantially similar tenor signed by such Holders in person or by agents duly
appointed in writing. If Securities of a series are issuable as Bearer
Securities, any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent,
waiver or other action provided by this Indenture to be given or taken by
Holders of Securities of such series may, alternatively, be embodied in and
evidenced by the record of Holders of Securities of such series voting in favor
thereof, either in person or by proxies duly appointed in writing, at any
meeting of Holders of Securities of such series duly called and held in
accordance with the provisions of Article Fifteen, or a combination of such
instruments and any such record. Except as herein otherwise expressly provided,
such action shall become effective when such instrument or instruments or record
or both are delivered to the Trustee and, where it is hereby expressly required,
to the Company. Such instrument or instruments and any such record (and the
action embodied therein and evidenced thereby) are herein sometimes referred to
as the "Act" of the Holders signing such instrument or instruments or so voting
at any such meeting. Proof of execution of any such
<PAGE> 20
instrument or of a writing appointing any such agent, or of the holding by any
Person of a Security, shall be sufficient for any purpose of this Indenture and
conclusive in favor of the Trustee and the Company and any agent of the Trustee
or the Company, if made in the manner provided in this Section. The record of
any meeting of Holders of Securities shall be proved in the manner provided in
Section 1506;
(b) The fact and date of the execution by any Person of any such
instrument or writing may be proved by the affidavit of a witness of such
execution or by a certificate of a notary public or other officer authorized by
law to take acknowledgments of deeds, certifying that the individual signing
such instrument or writing acknowledged to him the execution thereof. Where such
execution is by a signer acting in a capacity other than his individual
capacity, such certificate or affidavit shall also constitute sufficient proof
of his authority. The fact and date of the execution of any such instrument or
writing, or the authority of the Person executing the same, may so be proved in
any other reasonable manner which the Trustee deems sufficient;
(c) The ownership of Registered Securities shall be proved by the
Security Register;
(d) The ownership of Bearer Securities may be proved by the production
of such Bearer Securities or by a certificate executed, as depository, by any
trust company, bank or other depository, wherever situated, if such certificate
shall be deemed by the Trustee to be satisfactory, showing that at the date
therein mentioned such Person had on deposit with such depository, or exhibited
to it, the Bearer Securities therein described; or such facts may be proved by
the certificate or affidavit of the Person holding such Bearer Securities, if
such certificate or affidavit is deemed by the Trustee to be satisfactory. The
Trustee and the Company may assume that such ownership of any Bearer Security
continues until (1) another certificate or affidavit bearing a later date issued
in respect of the same Bearer Security is produced, or (2) such Bearer Security
is produced to the Trustee by some other Person, or (3) such Bearer Security is
surrendered in exchange for a Registered Security, or (4) such Bearer Security
is no longer Outstanding. The ownership of Bearer Securities may also be proved
in any other manner which the Trustee deems sufficient;
(e) If the Company shall solicit from the Holders of Registered
Securities any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent,
waiver or other Act, the Company may, at its option, in or pursuant to a Board
Resolution, fix in advance a record date for the determination of Holders
entitled to give such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice,
consent, waiver or other Act, but the Company shall have no obligation to do so.
Notwithstanding TIA Section 316(c), such record date shall be the record date
specified in or pursuant to such Board Resolution, which shall be a date not
earlier than the date 30 days prior to the first solicitation of Holders
generally in connection therewith and not later than the date such solicitation
is completed. If such a record date is fixed, such request, demand,
authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act may be given
before or after such record date, but only the Holders of record at the close of
business on such record date shall be deemed to be Holders for the purposes of
determining whether Holders of the requisite proportion of Outstanding
Securities have authorized or agreed or consented to such request, demand,
<PAGE> 21
authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act, and for that
purpose the Outstanding Securities shall be computed as of such record date;
provided that no such authorization, agreement or consent by the Holders on such
record date shall be deemed effective unless it shall become effective pursuant
to the provisions of this Indenture not later than eleven months after the
record date;
(f) Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent,
waiver or other Act of the Holder of any Security shall bind every future Holder
of the same Security and the Holder of every security issued upon the
registration of transfer thereof or in exchange therefor or in lieu thereof in
respect of anything done, omitted or suffered to be done by the Trustee, any
Security Registrar, any Paying Agent, any Authenticating Agent or the Company in
reliance thereon, whether or not notation of such action is made upon such
Security.
SECTION 105. Notices, etc., to Trustee and Company. Any request, demand,
authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or Act of Holders or other
document provided or permitted by this Indenture to be made upon, given or
furnished to, or filed with:
(1) the Trustee by any Holder or by the Company shall be
sufficient for every purpose hereunder if made, given, furnished or
filed in writing to or with the Trustee at its Corporate Trust Office,
or
(2) the Company by the Trustee or by any Holder shall be
sufficient for every purpose hereunder (unless otherwise herein
expressly provided) if in writing and mailed, first class postage
prepaid, to the Company addressed to it at the address of its principal
office specified in the first paragraph of this Indenture or at any
other address previously furnished in writing to the Trustee by the
Company.
SECTION 106. Notice to Holders; Waiver. Where this Indenture provides
for notice of any event to Holders of Registered Securities by the Company or
the Trustee, such notice shall be sufficiently given (unless otherwise herein
expressly provided) if in writing and mailed, first class postage prepaid, to
each such Holder affected by such event, at his address as it appears in the
Security Register, not later than the latest date, and not earlier than the
earliest date, prescribed for the giving of such notice. In any case where
notice to Holders of Registered Securities is given by mail, neither the failure
to mail such notice, nor any defect in any notice so mailed, to any particular
Holder shall affect the sufficiency of such notice with respect to other Holders
of Registered Securities or the sufficiency of any notice to Holders of Bearer
Securities given as provided herein. Any notice mailed to a Registered Holder in
the manner herein prescribed shall be conclusively deemed to have been received
by such Holder, whether or not such Holder actually receives such notice.
Except as otherwise expressly provided herein or otherwise specified
with respect to any Securities pursuant to Section 301, where this Indenture
provides for notice to Holders of Bearer Securities of any event, such notice
shall be sufficiently given if published in an Authorized Newspaper in The City
of New York and in such other city or cities as may be specified in such
Securities on a Business Day, such publication to be not later than the latest
date, and not earlier
<PAGE> 22
than the earliest date, prescribed for the giving of such notice. Any such
notice shall be deemed to have been given on the date of such publication or, if
published more than once, on the date of the first such publication.
Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver
required or permitted under the Indenture shall be in the English language,
except that any published notice may be in an official language of the country
of publication.
Where this Indenture provides for notice in any manner, such notice may
be waived in writing by the Person entitled to receive such notice, either
before or after the event, and such waiver shall be the equivalent of such
notice. Waivers of notice by Holders shall be filed with the Trustee.
SECTION 107. Effect of Headings and Table of Contents. The Article and
Section headings herein and the Table of Contents are for convenience only and
shall not affect the construction hereof.
SECTION 108. Successors and Assigns. All covenants and agreements in
this Indenture by the Company shall bind its successors and assigns, whether so
expressed or not.
SECTION 109. Separability Clause. In case any provision in this
Indenture or in any Security or coupon shall be invalid, illegal or
unenforceable, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining
provisions shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby.
SECTION 110. Benefits of Indenture. Nothing in this Indenture or in the
Securities or coupons, express or implied, shall give to any Person, other than
the parties hereto, any Security Registrar, any Paying Agent, any Authenticating
Agent and their successors hereunder and the Holders any benefit or any legal or
equitable right, remedy or claim under this Indenture.
SECTION 111. Governing Law. This Indenture and the Securities and
coupons shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the law of the
State of New York. This Indenture is subject to the provisions of the TIA that
are required to be part of this Indenture and shall, to the extent applicable,
be governed by such provisions, which are incorporated herein by reference.
SECTION 112. Legal Holidays. In any case where any Interest Payment
Date, Redemption Date, Repayment Date, sinking fund payment date, Stated
Maturity or Maturity of any Security shall not be a Business Day at any Place of
Payment, then (notwithstanding any other provision of this Indenture or any
Security or coupon other than a provision in the Securities of any Series which
specifically states that such provision shall apply in lieu hereof), payment of
interest or any Additional Amounts or principal (and premium, if any) or sinking
fund payment need not be made at such Place of Payment on such date, but may be
made on the next succeeding Business Day at such Place of Payment with the same
force and effect as if made on the Interest Payment Date, Redemption Date,
Repayment Date or sinking fund payment date, or at the Stated Maturity or
Maturity, provided that interest shall accrue on the amount so payable for the
period from and after such Interest Payment Date, Redemption Date, Repayment
<PAGE> 23
Date, sinking fund payment-date, Stated Maturity or Maturity, as the case may
be, to the date of payment.
ARTICLE TWO
SECURITIES FORMS
SECTION 201. Forms of Securities. The Registered Securities, if any, of
each series and the Bearer Securities and related coupons, if any, of each
series shall be in substantially the form as shall be established in an
indenture supplemental hereto or approved from time to time by or pursuant to a
Board Resolution in accordance with Section 301, shall have such appropriate
insertions, omissions, substitutions and other variations as are required or
permitted by this Indenture or any indenture supplemental hereto, and may have
such letters, numbers or other marks of identification or designation and such
legends or endorsements placed thereon as the Company may deem appropriate and
as are not inconsistent with the provisions of this Indenture, or as may be
required to comply with any law or with any rule or regulation made pursuant
thereto or with any rule or regulation of any stock exchange on which the
Securities may be listed, or to conform to usage.
Unless otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301, Bearer
Securities shall have interest coupons attached.
The definitive Securities (and coupons, if any) shall be printed,
lithographed or engraved or produced by any combination of these methods on a
steel engraved border or steel engraved borders or may be produced in any other
manner, all as determined by the officers of the Company executing such
Securities (or coupons), as evidenced by their execution of such Securities or
coupons.
SECTION 202. Form of Trustee's Certificate of Authentication. Subject
to Section 611, the Trustee's certificate of authentication shall be in
substantially the following form:
This is one of the Securities of the series designated therein referred
to in the within-mentioned Indenture.
_____________________________
as Trustee
By_________________________
Authorized Officer
SECTION 203. Securities Issuable in Global Form. If Securities of a
series are issuable in global form, as specified in and as contemplated by
Section 301, then, notwithstanding clause (8) of Section 301 and the provisions
of Section 302, any such Security shall represent such of the Outstanding
Securities of such series as shall be specified therein and may provide that it
shall represent the aggregate amount of Outstanding Securities of such series
from time to time endorsed thereon and that the aggregate amount of Outstanding
Securities of such series
<PAGE> 24
represented thereby may from time to time be increased or decreased to reflect
exchanges. Any endorsement of a Security in global form to reflect the amount,
or any increase or decrease in the amount, of Outstanding Securities represented
thereby shall be made by the Trustee in such manner and upon instructions given
by such Person or Persons as shall be specified therein or in the Company Order
to be delivered to the Trustee pursuant to Section 303 or 304. Subject to the
provisions of Section 303 and, if applicable, Section 304, the Trustee shall
deliver and redeliver any Security in permanent global form in the manner and
upon instructions given by the Person or Persons specified therein or in the
applicable Company Order. If a Company Order pursuant to Section 303 or 304 has
been, or simultaneously is, delivered, any instructions by the Company with
respect to endorsement or delivery or redelivery of a Security in global form
shall be in writing but need not comply with Section 102 and need not be
accompanied by an opinion of Counsel.
The provisions of the last sentence of Section 303 shall apply to any
Security represented by a Security in global form if such Security was never
issued and sold by the Company and the Company delivers to the Trustee the
Security in global form together with written instructions (which need not
comply with Section 102 and need not be accompanied by an Opinion of Counsel)
with regard to the reduction in the principal amount of Securities represented
thereby, together with the written statement contemplated by the last sentence
of Section 303.
Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 307, unless otherwise
specified as contemplated by Section 301, payment of principal of and any
premium and interest on any Security in permanent global form shall be made to
the Person or Persons specified therein.
Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 308 and except as provided in
the preceding paragraph, the Company, the Trustee and any agent of the Company
and the Trustee shall treat as the Holder of such principal amount of
Outstanding Securities represented by a permanent global Security (i) in the
case of a permanent global Security in registered form, the Holder of such
permanent global Security in registered form or (ii) in the case of a permanent
global Security in bearer form, Euroclear or CEDEL.
ARTICLE THREE
THE SECURITIES
SECTION 301. Amount Unlimited; Issuable in Series. The aggregate
principal amount of Securities which may be authenticated and delivered under
this Indenture is unlimited.
The Securities may be issued in one or more series. There shall be
established in one or more Board Resolutions or pursuant to authority granted by
one or more Board Resolutions and, subject to Section 303, set forth, or
determined in the manner provided, in an Officers' Certificate, or established
in one or more indentures supplemental hereto, prior to the issuance of
Securities of any series, any or all of the following, as applicable:
(1) the title of the Securities of the series (which shall
distinguish the Securities of such series from all other series of
Securities);
<PAGE> 25
(2) any limit upon the aggregate principal amount of the
Securities of the series that may be authenticated and delivered under
this Indenture (except for Securities authenticated and delivered upon
registration of transfer of, or in exchange for, or in lieu of, other
Securities of the series pursuant to Section 304, 305, 306, 906, 1107 or
1305);
(3) the date or dates, or the method by which such date or dates
will be determined, on which the principal of the Securities of the
series shall be payable;
(4) the rate or rates at which the Securities of the series shall
bear interest, if any, or the method by which such rate or rates shall
be determined, the date or dates from which such interest shall accrue
or the method by which such date or dates shall be determined, the
Interest Payment Dates on which such interest will be payable and the
Regular Record Date, if any, for the interest payable on any Registered
Security on any Interest Payment Date, or the method by which such date
shall be determined, and the basis upon which interest shall be
calculated if other than that of a 360-day year of twelve 30-day months;
(5) the place or places, if any, where (i) the principal of (and
premium, if any), interest, if any, on, and Additional Amounts, if any,
payable in respect of, Securities of the series shall be payable, (ii)
any Registered Securities of the series may be surrendered for
registration of transfer, exchange or conversion and (iii) notices or
demands to or upon the Company in respect of the Securities of the
series and this Indenture may be served;
(6) the period or periods within which, or the date or dates on
which, the price or prices at which, the currency or currencies,
currency unit or units or composite currency or currencies in which, and
other terms and conditions upon which Securities of the series may be
redeemed, in whole or in part, at the option of the Company, if the
Company is to have the option;
(7) the obligation, if any, of the Company to redeem, repay or
purchase Securities of the series, pursuant to any sinking fund or
analogous provision or at the option of a Holder thereof upon the
occurrence of specified circumstances or otherwise, and the period or
periods within which or the date or dates on which, the price or prices
at which, the currency or currencies, currency unit or units or
composite currency or currencies in which, and other terms and
conditions upon which Securities of the series shall be redeemed, repaid
or purchased, in whole or in part, pursuant to such obligation;
(8) if other than denominations of $1,000 and any integral
multiple thereof, the denominations in which any Registered Securities
of the series shall be issuable and, if other than the denomination of
$5,000, the denomination or denominations in which any Bearer Securities
of the series shall be issuable;
<PAGE> 26
(9) if other than the Trustee, the identity of each Security
Registrar and/or Paying Agent for the series;
(10) the percentage of the principal amount at which Securities
of such series will be issued and, if other than the principal amount
thereof, the portion of the principal amount of Securities of the series
that shall be payable upon declaration of acceleration of the Maturity
thereof pursuant to Section 502 or, if applicable, the portion of the
principal amount of Securities of the series that is convertible in
accordance with the provisions of this Indenture, or the method by which
such portion shall be determined;
(11) if other than Dollars, the Foreign Currency or Currencies in
which payment of the principal of (and premium, if any), interest, if
any, on, and Additional Amounts, if any, on the Securities of the series
shall be payable or in which the Securities of the series shall be
denominated;
(12) whether the amount of payments of principal of (and premium,
if any) or interest, if any, on the Securities of the series may be
determined with reference to an index, formula or other method (which
index, formula or method may be based, without limitation, on one or
more currencies, currency units, composite currencies, commodities,
equity indices or other indices), and the manner in which such amounts
shall be determined;
(13) whether the principal of (and premium, if any) or interest,
if any, on or Additional Amounts, if any, on the Securities of the
series are to be payable, at the election of the Company or a Holder
thereof, in a currency or currencies, currency unit or units or
composite currency or currencies other than that in which such
Securities are denominated or stated to be payable, the period or
periods within which (including the Election Date), and the terms and
conditions upon which, such election may be made, and the time and
manner of, and identity of the exchange rate between the currency. or
currencies, currency unit or units or composite currency or currencies
in which such securities are denominated or stated to be payable and the
currency or currencies, currency unit or units or composite currency or
currencies in which such Securities are to be so payable;
(14) provisions, if any, granting special rights to the Holders
of Securities of the series upon the occurrence of such events as may be
specified;
(15) any deletions from, modifications of or additions to the
Events of Default or covenants of the Company set forth in this
Indenture with respect to Securities of the series, (whether or not such
Events of Default or covenants are consistent with the Events of Default
or covenants set forth herein);
(16) whether Securities of such series will be issued in
certificated or book-entry form and, if certificated, whether Securities
of the series are to be issuable as Registered Securities, Bearer
Securities (with or without coupons) or
<PAGE> 27
both, any restrictions applicable to the offer, sale or delivery of
Bearer Securities and the terms upon which Bearer Securities of the
series may be exchanged for Registered Securities of the series and vice
versa (if permitted by applicable laws and regulations), whether any
Securities of the series are to be issuable initially in temporary
global form and whether any Securities of the series are to be issuable
in permanent global form with or without coupons and, if so, whether
beneficial owners of interests in any such permanent global Security may
exchange such interests for Securities of such series and of like tenor
of any authorized form and denomination and the circumstances under
which any such exchanges may occur, if other than in the manner provided
in Section 305, and, if Registered Securities of the series are to be
issuable as a global Security, the identity of the depository for such
series;
(17) the date as of which any Bearer Securities of the series and
any temporary global Security representing outstanding Securities of the
series shall be dated if other than the date of original issuance of the
first Security of the series to be issued;
(18) the Person to whom any interest on any Registered Security
of the series shall be payable, if other than the Person in whose name
that Security (or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at
the close of business on the Regular Record Date for such interest, the
manner in which, or the Person to whom, any interest on any Bearer
Security of the series shall be payable, if otherwise than upon
presentation and surrender of the coupons appertaining thereto as they
severally mature, and the extent to which, or the manner in which, any
interest payable on a temporary global Security on an Interest Payment
Date will be paid if other than in the manner provided in Section 304;
(19) the applicability, if any, of Sections 1402 and/or 1403 to
the Securities of the series and any provisions in modification of, in
addition to or in lieu of any of the provisions of Article Fourteen;
(20) if the Securities of such series are to be issuable in
definitive form (whether upon original issue or upon exchange of a
temporary Security of such series) only upon receipt of certain
certificates or other documents or satisfaction of other conditions,
then the form and/or terms of such certificates, documents or
conditions;
(21) if the Securities of the series are to be issued upon the
exercise of warrants, the time, manner and place for such Securities to
be authenticated and delivered;
(22) whether and under what circumstances the Company will pay
Additional Amounts as contemplated by Section 1010 on the Securities of
the series to any Holder who is not a United States person (including
any modification to the definition of such term) in respect of any tax,
assessment or
<PAGE> 28
governmental charge and, if so, whether the Company will have the option
to redeem such Securities rather than pay such Additional Amounts (and
the terms of any such option);
(23) the obligation, if any, of the Company to permit the
conversion of the Securities of such series into Common Shares or
Prefer-red Shares, as the case may be, and the terms and conditions upon
which such conversion shall be effected (including, without limitation,
the initial conversion price or rate, the conversion period, any
adjustment of the applicable conversion price and any requirements
relative to the reservation of such shares for purposes of conversion);
(24) the terms and conditions, if any, upon which payment of the
Securities of such series shall be subordinated to other Debt of the
Company (including, without limitation, the Debt which ranks senior to
such Securities; restrictions on payments to Holders of such Securities
while a default with respect to such senior Debt is continuing;
restrictions, if any, on payments to the Holders of such Securities
following an Event of Default; and any requirements for Holders of such
Securities to remit certain payments to the holders of such senior
Debt); and
(25) any other terms of the series (which terms shall not be
inconsistent with the provisions of this Indenture).
All Securities of any one series and the coupons appertaining to any
Bearer Securities of such series shall be substantially identical except, in the
case of Registered Securities, as to denominations and except as may otherwise
be provided in or pursuant to the Board Resolution establishing the series
(subject to Section 303) and set forth in an Officers' Certificate or in any
indenture supplemental hereto. All Securities of any one series need not be
issued at the same time and, unless otherwise provided, a series may be
reopened, without the consent of the Holders, for issuances of additional
Securities of such series.
If any of the terms of the Securities of any series are established by
action taken pursuant to one or more Board Resolutions, a copy of an appropriate
record of such action(s) shall be certified by the Secretary or an Assistant
Secretary of the Company and delivered to the Trustee at or prior to the
delivery of the Officers' Certificate setting forth the terms of the Securities
of such series.
SECTION 302. Denominations. The Securities of each series shall be
issuable in such denominations as shall be specified as contemplated by Section
301. With respect to Securities of any series denominated in Dollars, in the
absence of any such provisions, the Registered Securities of such series, other
than Registered Securities issued in global form (which may be of any
denomination), shall be issuable in denominations of $1,000 and any integral
multiple thereof and the Bearer Securities of such series, other than Bearer
Securities issued in global form (which may be of any denomination), shall be
issuable in denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof.
<PAGE> 29
SECTION 303. Execution, Authentication, Delivery and Dating. The
Securities and any coupons appertaining thereto shall be executed on behalf of
the Company by its President or one of its Vice Presidents, under its seal
reproduced thereon, and attested by its Secretary or one of its Assistant
Secretaries. The signature of any of these officers on the Securities and
coupons may be manual or facsimile signatures of such authorized officer and may
be imprinted or otherwise reproduced on the Securities.
Securities or coupons bearing the manual or facsimile signatures of
individuals who were at any time the proper officers of the Company shall bind
the Company, notwithstanding that such individuals or any of them have ceased to
hold such offices prior to the authentication and delivery of such Securities or
did not hold such offices at the date of such Securities or coupons.
At any time and from time to time after the execution and delivery of
this Indenture, the Company may deliver Securities of an series, together with
any coupon appertaining thereto, executed by the Company to the Trustee for
authentication, together with a Company Order for the authentication and
delivery of such Securities, and the Trustee in accordance with the Company
Order shall authenticate and deliver such Securities; provided, however, that,
in connection with its original issuance, no Bearer Security shall be mailed or
otherwise delivered to any location in the United States; and provided further
that, unless otherwise specified with respect to any series of Securities
pursuant to Section 3 0 1, a Bearer Security may be delivered in connection with
its original issuance only if the Person entitled to receive such Bearer
Security shall have furnished a certificate in the form set forth in Exhibit A-1
to this Indenture or such other certificate as may be specified with respect to
any series of Securities pursuant to Section 301, dated no earlier than 15 days
prior to the earlier of the date on which such Bearer Security is delivered and
the date on which an temporary Security first becomes exchangeable for such
Bearer Security in accordance with the terms of such temporary Security and this
Indenture. If any Security shall be represented by a permanent global Bearer
Security, then, for purposes of this Section and Section 304, the notation of a
beneficial owner's interest therein upon original issuance of such Security or
upon exchange of a portion of a temporary global Security shall be deemed to be
delivery in connection with its original issuance of such beneficial owner's
interest in such permanent global Security. Except as permitted by Section 306,
the Trustee shall not authenticate and deliver any Bearer Security unless all
appurtenant coupons for interest then matured have been detached and canceled.
If all the Securities of any series are not to be issued at one time and if the
Board Resolution or supplemental indenture establishing such series shall so
permit, such Company Order may set forth procedures acceptable to the Trustee
for the issuance of such Securities and determining the terms of particular
Securities of such series, such as interest rate or formula, maturity date, date
of issuance and date from which interest shall accrue. In authenticating such
Securities, and accepting the additional responsibilities under this Indenture
in relation to such Securities, the Trustee shall be entitled to receive, and
(subject to TIA Sections 315(a) through 315(d)) shall be fully protected in
relying upon,
(i) an Opinion of Counsel stating that
<PAGE> 30
(a) the form or forms of such Securities and any coupons have
been established in conformity with the provisions of this Indenture;
(b) the terms of such Securities and any coupons have been
established in conformity with the provisions of this Indenture; and
(c) such Securities, together with any coupons appertaining
thereto, when completed by appropriate insertions and executed and
delivered by the Company to the Trustee for authentication in accordance
with this Indenture, authenticated and delivered by the Trustee in
accordance with this Indenture and issued by the Company in the manner
and subject to any conditions specified in such Opinion of Counsel, will
constitute legal, valid and binding obligations of the Company,
enforceable in accordance with their terms, subject to applicable
bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization and other similar laws of general
applicability relating to or affecting the enforcement of creditors'
rights generally and to general equitable principles; and
(ii) an Officers' Certificate stating that all conditions
precedent provided for in this Indenture relating to the issuance of the
Securities have been complied with and that, to the best of the
knowledge of the signers of such certificate, no Event of Default with
respect to any of the Securities shall have occurred and be continuing.
If such form or terms have been so established, the Trustee shall not be
required to authenticate such Securities if the issue of such Securities
pursuant to this Indenture will affect the Trustee's own rights, duties,
obligations or immunities under the Securities and this Indenture or otherwise
in a manner which is not acceptable to the Trustee.
Each Registered Security shall be dated the date of its authentication
and each Bearer Security shall be dated as of the date specified as contemplated
by Section 301.
No Security or coupon shall be entitled to any benefit under this
Indenture or be valid or obligatory for any purpose unless there appears on such
Security or Security to which such coupon appertains a certificate of
authentication substantially in the form provided for herein duly executed by
the Trustee by manual signature of an authorized officer, and such certificate
upon any Security shall be conclusive evidence, and the only evidence, that such
Security has been duly authenticated and delivered hereunder and is entitled to
the benefits of this Indenture. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if any Security
shall have been authenticated and delivered hereunder but never issued and sold
by the Company, and the Company shall deliver such Security to the Trustee for
cancellation as provided in Section 309 together with a written statement (which
need not comply with Section 102 and need not be accompanied by an Opinion of
Counsel) stating that such Security has never been issued and sold by the
Company, for all purposes of this Indenture such Security shall be deemed never
to have been authenticated and delivered hereunder and shall never be entitled
to the benefits of this Indenture.
<PAGE> 31
SECTION 304. Temporary Securities.
(a) Pending the preparation of definitive Securities of any series, the
Company may execute, and upon Company Order the Trustee shall authenticate and
deliver, temporary Securities which are printed, lithographed, typewritten,
mimeographed or otherwise produced, in any authorized denomination, of the tenor
of the definitive Securities in lieu of which they are issued, in registered
form, or, if authorized, in bearer form with one or more coupons or without
coupons, and with such appropriate insertions, omissions, substitutions and
other variations as the officers executing such Securities may determine, as
conclusively evidenced by their execution of such Securities. In the case of
Securities of any series, such temporary Securities may be in global form.
Except in the case of temporary Securities in global form (which shall
be exchanged in accordance with Section 304(b) or as otherwise provided in or
pursuant to a Board Resolution), if temporary Securities of any series are
issued, the Company will cause Definitive Securities of that series to be
prepared without unreasonable delay. After the preparation of definitive
Securities of such series, the temporary Securities of such series shall be
exchangeable for definitive Securities of such series upon surrender of the
temporary Securities of such series at the office or agency of the Company in a
Place of Payment for that series, without charge to the Holder. Upon surrender
for cancellation of any one or more temporary Securities of any series
(accompanied by any non-matured coupons appertaining thereto), the Company shall
execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver in exchange therefor a
like principal amount of definitive Securities of the same series of authorized
denominations; provided, however, that no definitive Bearer Security shall be
delivered in exchange for a temporary Registered Security; and provided further
that a definitive Bearer Security shall be delivered in exchange for a temporary
Bearer Security only in compliance with the conditions set forth in Section 303.
Until so exchanged, the temporary Securities of any series shall in all respects
be entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture as definitive Securities
of such series;
(b) Unless otherwise provided in or pursuant to a Board Resolution, this
Section 304(b) shall govern the exchange of temporary Securities issued in
global form other than through the facilities of DTC. If any such temporary
Security is issued in global form, then such temporary global Security shall,
unless otherwise provided therein, be delivered to the London office of a
depository or common depository (the "Common Depository"), for the benefit of
Euroclear and CEDEL, for credit to the respective accounts of the beneficial
owners of such Securities (or to such other accounts as they may direct).
Without unnecessary delay but in any event not later than the date
specified in, or determined pursuant to the terms of, any such temporary global
Security (the "Exchange Date"), the Company shall deliver to the Trustee
definitive Securities, in aggregate principal amount equal to the principal
amount of such temporary global Security, executed by the Company. On or after
the Exchange Date, such temporary global Security shall be surrendered by the
Common Depository to the Trustee, as the Company's agent for such purpose, to be
exchanged, in whole or from time to time in part, for definitive Securities
without charge, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, in exchange for
each portion of such temporary global Security, an
<PAGE> 32
equal aggregate principal amount of definitive Securities of the same series of
authorized denominations and of like tenor as the portion of such temporary
global Security to be exchanged. The definitive Securities to be delivered in
exchange for any such temporary global Security shall be in bearer form,
registered form, permanent global bearer form or permanent global registered
form, or any combination thereof, as specified as contemplated by Section 301,
and, if any combination thereof is so specified, as requested by the beneficial
owner thereof-, provided, however, that, unless otherwise specified in such
temporary global Security, upon such presentation by the Common Depository, such
temporary global Security is accompanied by a certificate dated the Exchange
Date or a subsequent date and signed by Euroclear as to the portion of such
temporary global Security held for its account then to be exchanged and a
certificate dated the Exchange Date or a subsequent date and signed by CEDEL as
to the portion of such temporary global Security held for its account then to be
exchanged, each in the form set forth in Exhibit A-2 to this Indenture or in
such other form as may be established pursuant to Section 301; and provided
further that definitive Bearer Securities shall be delivered in exchange for a
portion of a temporary global Security only in compliance with the requirements
of Section 303.
Unless otherwise specified in such temporary global Security, the
interest of a beneficial owner of Securities of a series in a temporary global
Security shall be exchanged for definitive Securities of the same series and of
like tenor following the Exchange Date when the account holder instructs
Euroclear or CEDEL, as the case may be, to request such exchange on his behalf
and delivers to Euroclear or CEDEL, as the case may be, a certificate in the
form set forth in Exhibit A-1 to this Indenture (or in such other forms as may
be established pursuant to Section 301), dated no earlier than 15 days prior to
the Exchange Date, copies of which certificate shall be available from the
offices of Euroclear and CEDEL, the Trustee, any Authenticating Agent appointed
for such series of Securities and each Paying Agent. Unless otherwise specified
in such temporary global Security, any such exchange shall be made free of
charge to the beneficial owners of such temporary global Security, except that a
Person receiving definitive Securities must bear the cost of insurance, postage,
transportation and the like unless such Person takes delivery of such definitive
Securities in person at the offices of Euroclear or CEDEL. Definitive Securities
in bearer form to be delivered in exchange for any portion of a temporary global
Securities shall be delivered only outside the United States.
Until exchanged in full as hereinabove provided, the temporary
Securities of any series shall in all respects be entitled to the same benefits
under this Indenture as definitive Securities of the same series and of like
tenor authenticated and delivered hereunder, except that, unless otherwise
specified as contemplated by Section 301, interest payable on a temporary global
Security on an Interest Payment Date for Securities of such series occurring
prior to the applicable Exchange Date shall be payable to Euroclear and CEDEL on
such Interest Payment Date upon delivery by Euroclear and CEDEL to the Trustee
of a certificate or certificates in the form set forth in Exhibit A-2 to this
Indenture (or in such other forms as may be established pursuant to Section
301), for credit without further interest on or after such Interest Payment Date
to the respective accounts of persons who are the beneficial owners of such
temporary global Security on such Interest Payment Date and who have each
delivered to Euroclear or CEDEL, as the case may be, a certificate dated no
earlier than 15 days prior to the Interest
<PAGE> 33
Payment Date occurring prior to such Exchange Date in the form set forth as
Exhibit A-1 to this Indenture (or in such other forms as may be established
pursuant to Section 301).
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein contained, the
certifications made pursuant to this paragraph shall satisfy the certification
requirements of the receding two paragraphs of this Section 304 (b) and of the
third paragraph of Section 303 of this Indenture and the interests of the
Persons who are the beneficial owners of a temporary global Security with
respect to which such certification was made will be exchanged for definitive
Securities of the same series and of like tenor on the Exchange Date or the date
of certification if such date occurs after the Exchange Date, without further
act or deed by such beneficial owners. Except as otherwise provided in this
paragraph no payments of principal or interest owing with respect to a
beneficial interest in a temporary global Security will be made unless and until
such interest in such temporary global Security shall have been exchanged for an
interest in a definitive Security. Any interest so received by Euroclear and
CEDEL and not paid as herein provided shall be returned to the Trustee prior to
the expiration of two years after such Interest Payment Date in order to be
repaid to the Company.
SECTION 305. Registration, Registration of Transfer and Exchange. The
Company shall cause to be kept at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee or
in any office or agency of the Company in a Place of Payment a register for each
series of Registered Securities (the registers maintained in such office or in
any such office or agency of the Company in a Place of Payment being herein
sometimes referred to collectively as the "Security Register") in which, subject
to such reasonable regulations as it may prescribe, the Company shall provide
for the registration of Registered Securities and of transfers of Registered
Securities. The Security Register shall be in written form or any other form
capable of being converted into written form within a reasonable time. The
Trustee, at its Corporate Trust Office, is hereby initially appointed "Security
Registrar" for the purpose of registering Registered Securities and transfers of
Registered Securities on such Security Register as herein provided. In the event
that the Trustee shall cease to be Security Registrar, it shall have the right
to examine the Security Register at all reasonable times.
Subject to the provisions of this Section 305, upon surrender for
registration of transfer of any Registered Security of any series at any office
or agency of the Company in a Place of Payment for that series, the Company
shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, in the name of
the designated transferee or transferees, one or more new Registered Securities
of the same series, of any authorized denominations and of a like aggregate
principal amount, bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding, and
containing identical terms and provisions.
Subject to the provisions of this Section 305, at the option of the
Holder, Registered Securities of any series may be exchanged for other
Registered Securities of the same series, of any authorized denomination or
denominations and of a like aggregate principal amount, containing identical
terms and provisions, upon surrender of the Registered Securities to be
exchanged at any such office or agency. Whenever any such Registered Securities
are so surrendered for exchange, the Company shall execute, and the Trustee
shall authenticate and
<PAGE> 34
deliver, the Registered Securities which the Holder making the exchange is
entitled to receive. Unless otherwise specified with respect to any series of
Securities as contemplated by Section 301, Bearer Securities may not be issued
in exchange for Registered Securities.
If (but only if) permitted by the applicable Board Resolution and
(subject to Section 303) set forth in the applicable Officers' Certificate, or
in any indenture supplemental hereto, delivered as contemplated by Section 301,
at the option of the Holder, Bearer Securities of any Series may be exchanged
for Registered Securities of the same series of any authorized denominations and
of a like aggregate principal amount and tenor, upon surrender of the Bearer
Securities to be exchanged at any such office or agency, with all unmatured
coupons and all matured coupons in default thereto appertaining. If the Holder
of a Bearer Security is unable to produce any such unmatured coupon or coupons
or matured coupon or coupons in default any such permitted exchange may be
effected if the Bearer Securities are accompanied by payment in funds acceptable
to the Company in an amount equal to the face amount of such missing coupon or
coupons, or the surrender of such missing coupon or coupons may be waived by the
Company and the Trustee if there is furnished to them such security or indemnity
as they may require to save each of them and any Paying Agent harmless. If
thereafter the Holder of such Security shall surrender to any Paying Agent any
such missing coupon in respect of which such a payment shall have been made,
such Holder shall be entitled to receive the amount of such payment; provided,
however, that, except as otherwise provided in Section 1002, interest
represented by coupons shall be payable only upon presentation and surrender of
those coupons at an office or agency located outside the United States.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, in case a Bearer Security of any series is
surrendered at any such office or agency in a permitted exchange for a
Registered Security of the same series and like tenor after the close of
business at such office or agency on (i) any Regular Record Date and before the
opening of business at such office or agency on the relevant Interest Payment
Date, or (ii) any Special Record Date and before the opening of business at such
office or agency on the related proposed date for payment of Defaulted Interest,
such Bearer Security shall be surrendered without the coupon relating to such
Interest Payment Date or proposed date for payment, as the case may be, and
interest or Defaulted Interest, as the case may be, will not be payable on such
Interest Payment Date or proposed date for payment, as the case may be, in
respect of the Registered Security issued in exchange for such Bearer Security,
but will be payable only to the Holder of such coupon when due in accordance
with the provisions of this Indenture. Whenever any Securities are so
surrendered for exchange, the Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall
authenticate and deliver, the Securities which the Holder making the exchange is
entitled to receive.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, except as otherwise specified as
contemplated in Section 301, any permanent global Security shall be exchangeable
only as provided in this paragraph. If the depository for any permanent global
Security is DTC, then, unless the terms of such global Security expressly permit
such global Security to be exchanged in whole or in part for definitive
Securities, a global Security may be transferred, in whole but not in part, only
to a nominee of DTC, or by a nominee of DTC to DTC, or to a successor to DTC for
such, global Security selected or approved by the Company or to a nominee of
such successor to DTC. If at any time DTC notifies the Company that it is
unwilling or unable to continue as depository for the applicable global Security
or Securities or if at any time DTC ceases to be a clearing agency
<PAGE> 35
registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 if so required by
applicable law or regulation, the Company shall appoint a successor depository
with respect to such global Security or Securities. If (x) a successor
depository for such global Security or Securities is not appointed by the
Company within 90 days after the Company receives such notice or becomes aware
of such unwillingness, inability or ineligibility, (y) an Event of Default has
occurred and is continuing and the beneficial owners representing a majority in
principal amount of the applicable series of Securities represented by such
global Security or Securities advise DTC to cease acting as depository for such
global Security or Securities or (z) the Company, in its sole discretion,
determines at any time that all (but not less than all) Outstanding Securities
of any series issued or issuable in the form of one or more global Securities
shall no longer be represented by such global Security or Securities, then the
Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver,
definitive Securities of like series, rank, tenor and terms in a definitive form
in an aggregate principal amount equal to the principal amount of such global
Security or Securities. If any beneficial owner of an interest in a permanent
global Security otherwise entitled to exchange such interest for Securities of
such series and of like tenor and principal amount of another authorized form
and denomination, as specified as contemplated by Section 301 and provided that
any applicable notice provided in the permanent global Security shall have been
given, then without unnecessary delay but in any event no later than the
earliest date on which such interest may be so exchanged, the Company shall
execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, definitive Securities
in aggregate principal amount equal to the principal amount of such beneficial
owner's interest in such permanent global Security. On or after the earliest
date on which such interests may be so exchanged, such permanent global Security
shall be surrendered for exchange by DTC or such other depository as shall be
specified in the Company Order with respect thereto to the Trustee; provided,
however, that no such exchanges may occur during a period beginning at the
opening of business 15 days before any selection of Securities to be redeemed
and ending on the relevant Redemption Date if the Security for which exchange is
requested may be among those selected for redemption; and provided further that
no Bearer Security delivered in exchange for a portion of a permanent global
Security shall be mailed or otherwise delivered to any location in the United
States. If a Registered Security is issued in exchange for an portion of a
permanent global Security after the close of business at the office or agency
where such exchange occurs on (i) a Regular Record Date and before the opening
of business at such office or agency on the relevant Interest Payment Date, or
(ii) a Special Record Date and before the opening of business at such office or
agency on the related proposed date for payment of interest or Defaulted
Interest, as the case may be, will not be payable on such Interest Payment Date
or proposed date for payment, as the case may be, in respect of such Registered
Security, but will be payable on such Interest Payment Date or proposed date for
payment, as the case may be, only to the Person to whom interest in respect of
such portion of such permanent global Security is payable in accordance with the
provisions of this Indenture.
All Securities issued upon any registration of transfer or exchange of
Securities shall be the valid obligations of the Company, evidencing the same
debt, and entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture, as the Securities
surrendered upon such registration of transfer or exchange.
<PAGE> 36
Every Registered Security presented or surrendered for registration of
transfer or for exchange, conversion or redemption shall (if so required by the
Company or the Security Registrar) be duly endorsed, or be accompanied by a
written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Company and the
Security Registrar, duly executed by the Holder thereof or his attorney duly
authorized in writing.
No service charge shall be made for any registration of transfer or
exchange of Securities, but the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient
to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in connection
with any registration of transfer or exchange of Securities, other than
exchanges pursuant to Section 304, 906, 1107 or 1305 not involving any transfer.
The Company or the Trustee, as applicable, shall not be required (i) to
issue, register the transfer of or exchange any Security if such Security may be
among those selected for redemption during a period beginning at the opening of
business 15 days before selection of the Securities to be redeemed under Section
1103 and ending at the close of business on (A) if such Securities are issuable
only as Registered Securities, the day of the mailing of the relevant notice of
redemption and (B) if such Securities are issuable as Bearer Securities, the day
of the first publication of the relevant notice of redemption or, if such
Securities are also issuable as Registered Securities and there is no
publication, the mailing of the relevant notice of redemption, or (ii) to
register the transfer of or exchange any Registered Security so selected for
redemption in whole or in part, except, in the case of a Registered Security to
be redeemed in part, the portion thereof not selected for redemption may be
exchanged for a Registered Security of that series and of like tenor, provided
that such Registered Security shall be simultaneously surrendered for
redemption, or (iii) to issue, register the transfer of or exchange any Security
which has been surrendered for repayment at the option of the Holder, except
that portion, if any, of such Security which is not to be so repaid.
SECTION 306. Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Securities. If any
mutilated Security or a Security with a mutilated coupon appertaining to it is
surrendered to the Trustee or the Company, together with, in proper cases, such
security or indemnity as may be required by the Company or the Trustee to save
each of them or any agent of either of them harmless, the Company shall execute
and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver in exchange therefor a new
Security of the same series and principal amount, containing identical terms and
provisions and bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding, with coupons
corresponding to the coupons, if any, appertaining to the surrendered Security.
If there shall be delivered to the Company and to the Trustee (i)
evidence to their satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of any Security
or coupon, and (ii) such security or indemnity as may be required by them to
save each of them and any agent of either of them harmless, then, in the absence
of written notice to the Company or the Trustee that such Security or coupon has
been acquired by a bona fide purchaser, the Company shall execute and upon its
request the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, in lieu of any such
destroyed, lost or stolen Security or in exchange for the Security to which a
destroyed, lost or stolen coupon appertains (with all appurtenant coupons not
destroyed, lost or stolen), a new Security of the same series
<PAGE> 37
and principal amount, containing identical terms and Provisions and bearing a
number not contemporaneously outstanding with coupons corresponding to the
coupons, if any, appertaining to such destroyed, lost or stolen Security or to
the Security to which such destroyed, lost or stolen coupon appertains.
Notwithstanding the provisions of the previous two paragraphs, in case
any such mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security or coupon has become or
is about to become due and payable, the Company in its discretion may, instead
of issuing a new Security, with coupons corresponding to the coupons, if any,
appertaining to such destroyed, lost or stolen Security or to the security to
which such destroyed, lost or stolen coupon appertains, pay such Security or
coupon; provided, however, that payment of principal of (and premium, if any),
any interest on and any Additional Amounts with respect to, Bearer Securities
shall, except as otherwise provided in Section 1002, be payable only at an
office or agency located outside the United
States and, unless otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301,
any interest on Bearer Securities shall be payable only upon presentation and
surrender of the coupons appertaining thereto.
Every new Security of any series with its coupons, if any, issued
pursuant to this Section in lieu of any mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen
Security, or in exchange for a Security to which a mutilated, destroyed, lost or
stolen coupon may pertain, shall constitute an original additional contractual
obligation of the Company, whether or not the mutilated, destroyed, lost or
stolen Security and its coupons, if and, or the mutilated, destroyed, lost or
stolen coupon shall be at any time enforceable by anyone, and shall be entitled
to all the benefits of this Indenture equally and proportionately with any and
all other Securities of that series and their coupons, if any, duly issued
hereunder.
The revisions of this Section are exclusive and shall preclude (to the
extent lawful) all other rights and remedies with respect to the replacement or
payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Securities or coupons.
SECTION 307. Payment of Interest -- Interest Rights Preserved. Except as
otherwise specified with respect to a series of Securities in accordance with
the provisions of Section 301, interest on any Registered Security that is
payable, and is punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment
Date shall be paid to the Person in whose name that Security (or one or more
predecessor Securities) is registered at the close of business on the Regular
Record Date for such interest at the office or agency of the Company maintained
for such purpose pursuant to Section 1002; provided, however, that each
installment of interest on any Registered Security may at the Holder's option be
paid by (i) mailing a check for such interest, payable to or upon the written
order of the Person entitled thereto pursuant to Section 308, to the address of
such Person as it appears on the Security Register or (ii) transfer to an
account maintained by the payee located inside the United States.
Unless otherwise provided as contemplated by Section 301 with respect to
the Securities of any series, payment of interest may be made, in the case of a
Bearer Security, by transfer to an account maintained by the payee with a bank
located outside the United States.
<PAGE> 38
Unless otherwise provided as contemplated by Section 301, every
permanent global Security will provide that interest, if any, payable on any
Interest Payment Date will be paid to DTC, Euroclear and/or CEDEL, as the case
may be, with respect to that portion of such permanent global Security held for
its account by Cede & Co. or the Common Depository, as the case may be, for the
purpose of permitting such party to credit the interest received by it in
respect of such permanent global Security to the accounts of the beneficial
owners thereof.
In case a Bearer Security of any series is surrendered in exchange for a
Registered Security of such series after the close of business (at an office or
agency in a Place of Payment for such series) on any Regular Record Date and
before the opening of business (at such office or agency) on the next succeeding
Interest Payment Date, such Bearer Security shall be surrendered without the
coupon relating to such Interest Payment Date and interest will not be payable
on such Interest Payment Date in respect of the Registered Security issued in
exchange for such Bearer Security, but will be payable only to the Holder of
such coupon when due in accordance with the provisions of this Indenture.
Except as otherwise specified with respect to a series of Securities in
accordance with the provisions of Section 301, any interest on any Registered
Security of any series that is payable, but is not punctually paid or duly
provided for, on any Interest Payment Date (herein called "Defaulted Interest")
shall forthwith cease to be payable to the registered Holder thereof on the
- -relevant Regular Record Date by virtue of having been such Holder, and such
Defaulted Interest shall be paid by the Company, as provided in clause (1) or
(2) below:
(1) The Company may elect to make payment of any Defaulted
Interest to the Persons in whose names the Registered Securities of such
series (or their respective Predecessor Securities) are registered at
the close of business on a Special Record Date for the payment of such
Defaulted Interest, which shall be fixed in the following manner. The
Company shall notify the Trustee in writing of the amount of Defaulted
Interest proposed to be paid on each Registered Security of such series
and the date of the proposed payment (which shall not be less than 20
days after such notice is received by the Trustee), and at the same time
the Company shall deposit with the Trustee an amount of money in the
currency or currencies, currency unit or units or composite currency or
currencies in which the Securities of such series are payable (except as
otherwise specified pursuant to Section 301 for the Securities of such
series) equal to the aggregate amount proposed to be paid in respect of
such Defaulted Interest or shall make arrangements satisfactory to the
Trustee for such deposit on or prior to the date of the proposed
payment, such money when deposited to be held in trust for the benefit
of the Persons entitled to such Defaulted Interest as in this clause
provided. Thereupon the Trustee shall fix a Special Record Date for the
payment of such Defaulted Interest which shall not be more than 15 days
and not less than 10 days prior to the date of the proposed payment and
not less than 10 days after the receipt by the Trustee of the notice of
the proposed payment. The Trustee shall promptly notify the Company of
such Special Record Date and, in the name and at the expense of the
Company, shall cause notice of the proposed payment of
<PAGE> 39
such Defaulted, Interest and the Special Record Date therefor to be
mailed, first-class postage prepaid, to each Holder of Registered
Securities of such series at his address as it appears in the Security
Register not less than 10 days prior to such Special Record Date. The
Trustee may, in its discretion, in the name and at the expense of the
Company, cause a similar notice to be published at least once in an
Authorized Newspaper in each Place of Payment, but such publications
shall not be a condition precedent to the establishment of such Special
Record Date. Notice of the proposed payment of such Defaulted Interest
and the Special Record Date therefor having been mailed as aforesaid,
such Defaulted Interest shall be paid to the Persons in whose names the
Registered Securities of such series (or their respective predecessor
Securities) are registered at the close of business on such Special
Record Date and shall no longer be payable pursuant to the following
clause (2). In case a Bearer Security of any series is surrendered for
transfer or exchange at the office or agency in a Place of Payment for
such series after the close of business at such office or agency on any
Special Record Date and before the opening of business at such office or
agency on the related proposed date for payment of Defaulted Interest,
such Bearer Security shall be surrendered without the coupon relating to
such Proposed date of payment and Defaulted Interest will not be payable
on such proposed date of payment in respect of the Registered Security
issued in exchange for such Bearer Security, but will be payable only to
the Holder of such coupon when due in accordance with the provisions of
this Indenture.
(2) The Company may make payment of any Defaulted Interest on the
Registered Securities of any series in any other lawful manner not
inconsistent with the requirements of any securities exchange on which
such Securities may be listed, and upon such notice as may be required
by such exchange, if, after notice given by the Company to the Trustee
of the proposed payment pursuant to this clause, such manner of payment
shall be deemed practicable by the Trustee.
Subject to the foregoing provisions of this Section and Section 305,
each Security delivered under this Indenture upon registration of transfer of or
in exchange for or in lieu of any other Security shall carry the rights to
interest accrued and unpaid, and to accrue, which were carried by such other
Security.
SECTION 308. Persons Deemed Owners. Prior to due presentment of a
Registered Security for registration of transfer, the Company, the Trustee and
any agent of the Company or the Trustee may treat the Person in whose name such
Registered Security is registered as the owner of such Security for the purpose
of receiving payment of principal of (and premium, if any), and (subject to
Sections 305 and 307) interest on, such Registered Security and for all other
purposes whatsoever, whether or not such Registered Security is overdue, and
neither the Company, the Trustee nor any agent of the Company or the Trustee
shall be affected by notice to the contrary.
<PAGE> 40
Title to any Bearer Security and any coupons appertaining thereto shall
pass by delivery. The Company, the Trustee and any agent of the Company or the
Trustee may treat the Holder of any Bearer Security and the Holder of any coupon
as the absolute owner of such Security or coupon for the purpose of receiving
payment thereof or on account thereof and for all other purposes whatsoever,
whether or not such Security or coupon is overdue, and neither the Company, the
Trustee nor any agent of the Company or the Trustee shall be affected by notice
to the contrary.
None of the Company, the Trustee, any Paying Agent or the Security
Registrar-will have any responsibility or liability for any aspect of the
records relating to or payments made on account of beneficial ownership
interests of a Security in global form or for maintaining, supervising or
reviewing any records relating to such beneficial ownership interests.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, with respect to any global Security,
nothing herein shall prevent the Company, the Trustee, or any agent of the
Company or the Trustee, from giving effect to any written certification, proxy
or other authorization furnished by any depository, as a Holder, with respect to
such global Security or impair, as between such depository and owners of
beneficial interests in such global Security, the operation of customary
practices governing the exercise of the rights of such depository (or its
nominee) as Holder of such global Security.
SECTION 309. Cancellation. All Securities and coupons surrendered for
payment, redemption, repayment at the option of the Holder, registration of
transfer or exchange for credit against any sinking fund payment shall, if
surrendered to any Person other than the Trustee, be delivered to the Trustee,
and any such Securities and coupons and Securities and coupons surrendered
directly to the Trustee for any such purpose shall be promptly canceled by it.
The Company may at any time deliver to the Trustee for cancellation any
Securities previously authenticated and delivered hereunder which the Company
may have acquired in any manner whatsoever, and may deliver to the Trustee (or
to any other Person for delivery to the Trustee) for cancellation any Securities
previously authenticated hereunder which the Company has not issued and sold,
and all Securities so delivered shall be promptly canceled by the Trustee. If
the Company shall so acquire any of the Securities, however, such acquisition
shall not operate as a redemption or satisfaction of the indebtedness
represented by such Securities unless and until the same are surrendered to the
Trustee for cancellation. No Securities shall be authenticated in lieu of or in
exchange for any Securities canceled as provided in this Section, except as
expressly permitted by this Indenture. Canceled Securities and coupons held by
the Trustee shall be destroyed by the Trustee and the Trustee shall deliver a
certificate of such Destruction to the Company unless by a Company Order the
Company directs their return to it.
SECTION 310. Computation of Interest. Except as otherwise specified as
contemplated by Section 301 with respect to Securities of any series, interest
on the Securities of each series shall be computed on the basis of a 360-day
year consisting of twelve 30-day months.
<PAGE> 41
ARTICLE FOUR
SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE
SECTION 401. Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture. This Indenture
shall upon Company Request cease to be of further effect with respect to any
series of Securities specified in such Company Request (except as to any
surviving rights of registration of transfer or exchange of Securities of such
series herein expressly provided for and any right to receive Additional
Amounts, as provided in Section 1010), and the Trustee, upon receipt of a
Company Order, and at the expense of the Company, shall execute proper
instruments acknowledging satisfaction and discharge of its Indenture as to such
series when
(1) either:
(A) all Securities of such series theretofore authenticated and
delivered and all coupons, if any, appertaining thereto (other than (i) coupons
appertaining to Bearer Securities surrendered for exchange for Registered
Securities and maturing after such exchange, whose surrender is not required or
has been waived as provided in Section 305, (ii) Securities and coupons of such
series which have been destroyed, lost or stolen and which have been replaced or
paid as provided in Section 306, (iii) coupons appertaining to Securities called
for redemption and maturing after the relevant Redemption Date, whose surrender
has been waived as provided in Section 1 106, and (iv) Securities and coupons of
such series for whose payment money has theretofore been deposited in trust or
segregated and held in trust by the Company and thereafter repaid to the Company
or discharged from such trust, as provided in Section 1003) have been delivered
to the Trustee for cancellation; or
(B) all Securities of such series and, in the case of (i) or (ii) below,
any coupons pertaining thereto, not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for
cancellation
(i) have become due and payable, or
(ii) will become due and payable at their Stated Maturity
within one year, or
(iii) if redeemable at the option of the Company, are to be
called for redemption within one year under arrangements satisfactory to
the Trustee for the giving of notice of redemption by the Trustee in the
name, and at the expense, of the Company,
and the Company, in the case of (i), (ii) or (iii) above, has
irrevocably deposited or caused to be deposited with the Trustee as
funds in trust for such purpose an amount in the currency or currencies,
currency unit or units or composite currency or currencies in which the
Securities of such series are payable, sufficient to pay and discharge
the entire indebtedness on such Securities and such coupons not
theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation, for principal
(and premium, if any) and interest, and any Additional Amounts with
respect thereto, to the date of
<PAGE> 42
such deposit (in the case of Securities which have become due and
payable) or to the Stated Maturity or Redemption Date, as the case may
be; and
(2) the Company has paid or caused to be paid all other sums
payable hereunder by the Company; and
(3) the Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officers'
Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions
precedent herein provided for relating to the satisfaction and discharge
of this Indenture as to such series have been complied with.
The obligations of the Company to the Trustee and any predecessor
Trustee under Section 606, the obligations of the Company to any Authenticating
Agent under Section 611 and, if money shall have been deposited with and held by
the Trustee pursuant to subclause (B) of clause (1) of this Section, the
obligations of the Trustee under Section 402 and the last paragraph of Section
1003 shall survive the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture.
SECTION 402. Application of Trust Funds. Subject to the provisions of
the last paragraph of Section 1003, all monies deposited with the Trustee
pursuant to Section 401 shall be held in trust and applied by it, in accordance
with the provisions of the Securities, the coupons and this Indenture, to the
payment, either directly or through any Paying Agent (but not in any event
including the Company acting as its own Paying Agent) as the Trustee may
determine, to the Persons entitled thereto, of the principal (and premium, if
any), and any interest and Additional Amounts for whose payment such money has
been deposited with or received by the Trustee. Such money shall be segregated
from other funds of the Trustee.
ARTICLE FIVE
REMEDIES
SECTION 501. Events of Default. "Event of Default," wherever used herein
with respect to any particular series of Securities, means any one of the
following events (whatever the reason for such Event of Default and whether or
not it shall be voluntary or involuntary or be effected by operation of law or
pursuant to any judgment, decree or order of any court or any order, rule or
regulation of any administrative or governmental body):
(1) default in the payment of any interest upon or any
Additional Amounts payable in respect of any Security of that series or
of any coupon appertaining thereto, when such interest, Additional
Amounts or coupon becomes due and payable, and continuance of such
default for a period of 30 days; or
(2) default in the payment of the principal of (or premium, if
any, on) any Security of that series when it becomes due and payable at
its Maturity; or
(3) default in the deposit of any sinking fund payment, when
and as due by the terms of any Security of that series; or
<PAGE> 43
(4) default in the performance of, or breach of, any covenant
or warranty of the Company in this Indenture with respect to any
Security of that series (other than a covenant or warranty a default in
whose performance or whose breach is elsewhere in this Section 501
specifically dealt with), and continuance of such default or breach for
a period of 60 days after there has been given, by registered or
certified mail, to the Company by the Trustee or to the Company and the
Trustee by the Holders of at least twenty-five percent (25%) in
principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of that series a written
notice specifying such default or breach and requiring it to be remedied
and stating that such notice is a Notice of Default" hereunder; or
(5) a default under any bond, debenture, note or other
evidence of indebtedness of the Company, or under any mortgage,
indenture or other instrument of the Company (including a default with
respect to Securities of any series other than that series) under which
there may be issued or by which there may be secured any indebtedness of
the Company (or by any Subsidiary, the repayment of which the Company
has Guaranteed or for which the Company is directly responsible or
liable as obligor or guarantor), whether such indebtedness now exists or
shall hereafter be created, which default shall constitute a failure to
pay an aggregate principal amount exceeding $10,000,000 of such
indebtedness when due and payable which shall continue after the
expiration of any applicable grace period with respect thereto or shall
have resulted in such indebtedness in an aggregate principal amount
exceeding $10,000,000 becoming or being declared due and payable prior
to the date on which it would otherwise have become due and payable; or
(6) the Company or any Significant Subsidiary pursuant to or
within the meaning of any Bankruptcy Law:
(A) commences a voluntary case,
(B) consents to the entry of an order for relief
against it in an involuntary case,
(C) consents to the appointment of a Custodian of it
for all or substantially all of its property, or
(D) makes a general assignment for the benefit of its
creditors; or
(7) a court of competent jurisdiction enters an order or
decree under any Bankruptcy Law that:
(A) is for relief against the Company or any
Significant Subsidiary in an involuntary case,
<PAGE> 44
(B) appoints a Custodian of the Company or any
Significant Subsidiary or for all or substantially all of either
of its property, or
(C) orders the liquidation of the Company or any
Significant Subsidiary and the order or decree remains unstayed
and in effect for 90 days; or
(8) the acquisition by any Person (including Affiliates of
such Person) of 35% or more of the issued and outstanding Common Stock
of the Company, unless the Company's Board of Directors shall have first
approved of such acquisition; or
(9) any other Event of Default provided with respect to
Securities of that series.
As used in this Section 501, the term "Bankruptcy Law" means Title 11,
U.S. Code or any similar Federal or State law for the relief of debtors and the
term "Custodian" means any receiver, trustee, assignee, liquidator or other
similar official under any Bankruptcy Law.
SECTION 502. Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment. If an
Event of Default with respect to Securities of any series at the time
Outstanding occurs and is continuing, then and in every such case the Trustee or
the Holders of not less than twenty-five percent (25%) in principal amount of
the Outstanding Securities of that series may declare the principal (or, if any
Securities are Original Issue Discount Securities or Indexed Securities, such
portion of the principal as may be specified in the terms thereof) of all the
Securities of that series to be due and payable immediately, by a notice in
writing to the Company (and to the Trustee if given by the Holders), and upon
any such declaration such principal or specified portion thereof shall become
immediately due and payable.
At any time after such a declaration of acceleration with respect to
Securities of any series has been made and before a judgment or decree for
payment of the money due has been obtained by the Trustee as hereinafter in this
Article provided, the Holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of
the Outstanding Securities of that series, by written notice to the Company and
the Trustee, may rescind and annul such declaration and its consequences if:
(1) the Company has paid or deposited with the Trustee a sum
sufficient to pay in the currency, currency unit or composite currency
in which the Securities of such series are payable (except as otherwise
specified pursuant to Section 301 for the Securities of such series):
(A) all overdue installments of interest and any
Additional Amounts payable in respect of all Outstanding
Securities of that series and any related coupons,
(B) the principal of (and premium, if any, on) any
Outstanding Securities of that series which have become due
otherwise than by such
<PAGE> 45
declaration of acceleration and interest thereon at the rate or
rates borne by or provided for in such Securities,
(C) to the extent that payment of such interest is lawful,
interest upon overdue installments of interest and any Additional
Amounts at the rate or rates borne by or provided for in such
Securities, and
(D) all sums paid or advanced by the Trustee hereunder and
the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances
of the Trustee, its agents and counsel; and
(2) all Events of Default with respect to Securities of that
series, other than the nonpayment of the principal of (or premium, if
any) or interest on Securities of that series which have become due
solely by such declaration of acceleration, have been cured or waived as
provided in Section 513.
No such rescission shall affect any subsequent default or impair any
right consequent thereon.
SECTION 503. Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by
Trustee. The Company covenants that if:
(1) default is made in the payment of any installment of
interest or Additional Amounts, if any, on any Securities of any series
and any related coupon when such interest or Additional Amount becomes
due and payable and such default continues for a period of 30 days, or
(2) default is made in the payment of the principal of (or
premium, if tiny, on) any Security of any series at its Maturity,
then the Company will, upon demand of the Trustee, pay to the Trustee, for the
benefit of the Holders of such Securities of such series and coupons, the whole
amount then due and payable on such Securities and coupons for principal (and
premium, if any) and interest and Additional Amounts thereon, with interest upon
any overdue principal (and premium, if any) and, to the extent that payment of
such interest shall be legally enforceable, upon any overdue installments of
interest or Additional Amounts thereon, if any, at the rate or rates borne by or
provided for in such Securities, and, in addition thereto, such further amount
as shall be sufficient to cover the costs and expenses of collection, including
the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the
Trustee, its agent and counsel.
If the Company fails to pay such amounts forthwith upon such demand, the
Trustee, in its own name and as trustee of an express trust, may institute a
judicial proceeding for the collection of the sums so due and unpaid, and may
prosecute such proceeding to judgment or final decree, and may enforce the same
against the Company or any other obligor upon such Securities of such series and
collect the moneys adjudged or decreed to be payable in the manner provided by
law
<PAGE> 46
out of the property of the Company or any other obligor upon such Securities
of such series, wherever situated.
If an Event of Default with respect to Securities of any series occurs
and is continuing, the Trustee may in its discretion proceed to protect and
enforce its rights and the rights of the Holders of Securities of such series
and any related coupons by such appropriate judicial proceedings as the Trustee
shall deem most effectual to protect and enforce any such rights, whether for
the specific enforcement of any covenant or agreement in this Indenture or in
aid of the exercise of any power granted herein, or to enforce any other proper
remedy.
SECTION 504. Trustee May File Proofs of Claim. In case of the pendency
of any receivership, insolvency, liquidation, bankruptcy, reorganization,
arrangement, adjustment, composition or other judicial proceeding relative to
the Company or any other obligor upon the Securities or the property of the
Company or of such other obligor or their creditors, the Trustee (irrespective
of whether the principal of the Securities of any series shall then be due and
payable as therein expressed or by declaration or otherwise and irrespective of
whether the Trustee shall have made any demand on the Company for the payment of
overdue principal of, premium, if any, or interest on the Securities) shall be
entitled and empowered, by intervention in such proceeding or otherwise:
(i) to file and prove a claim for the whole amount, or such
lesser amount as may be provided for in the Securities of such series,
of principal (and premium, if any) and interest and Additional Amounts,
if any, owing and unpaid in respect of the Securities and to file such
other papers or documents as may be necessary or advisable in order to
have the claims of the Trustee (including any claim for the reasonable
compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its
agents and counsel) and of the Holders allowed in such judicial
proceeding, and
(ii) to collect and receive any monies or other property
payable or deliverable on any such claims and to distribute the same;
and any custodian, receiver, assignee, trustee, liquidator, sequestrator (or
other similar official) in any such judicial proceeding is hereby authorized by
each Holder of Securities of such series and coupons to make such payments to
the Trustee, and in the event that such payments are made directly to the
Holders, to pay to the Trustee any amount due to it for the reasonable
compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee and any
predecessor Trustee, their agents and counsel, and any other amounts due the
Trustee or any predecessor Trustee under Section 606.
Nothing herein contained shall be deemed to authorize the Trustee to
authorize or consent to or accept or adopt on behalf of any Holder or Security
or coupon any plan of reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition
affecting the Securities or coupons or the rights of any Holder thereof, or to
authorize the Trustee to vote in respect of the claim of any Holder of a
Security or coupon in any such proceeding.
<PAGE> 47
SECTION 505. Trustee May Enforce Claims Without Possession of Securities
of Coupons. All rights of action and claims under this Indenture or any of the
Securities or coupons may be prosecuted and enforced by the Trustee without the
possession of any of the Securities or coupons or the production thereof in any
proceeding relating thereto, and any such proceeding instituted by the Trustee
shall be brought in its own name as trustee of an express trust, and any
recovery of judgment shall, after provision for the payment of the reasonable
compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents
and counsel, be for the ratable benefit of the Holders of Securities and coupons
in respect of which such judgment has been recovered.
SECTION 506. Application of Money Collected. Any money collected by the
Trustee pursuant to this Article shall be applied in the following order, at the
date and dates fixed by the Trustee and, in case of the distribution of such
money on account of principal (or premium, if any) and interest and any
Additional Amounts, upon presentation of the Securities or coupons, or both, as
the case may be, and the notation thereon of the payment if only partially paid
and upon surrender thereof if fully paid:
FIRST: To the payment of all amounts due to the Trustee and any
predecessor Trustee under Section 606;
SECOND: To the payment of the amounts then due and unpaid upon the
Securities and coupons for principal (and premium, if any) and interest and any
Additional Amounts payable, in respect of which or for the benefit of which such
money has been collected, ratably, without preference or priority of any kind,
according to the aggregate amounts due and payable on such Securities and
coupons for principal (and premium, if any), interest and Additional Amounts,
respectively; and
THIRD: To the payment of the remainder, if any, to the Company.
SECTION 507. Limitation on Suits. No Holder of any Security of any
series or any related coupon shall have any right to institute any proceeding,
judicial or otherwise, with respect to this Indenture, or for the appointment of
a receiver or trustee, or for any other remedy hereunder, unless:
(1) such Holder has previously given written notice to the
Trustee of a-continuing Event of Default with respect to the Securities
of that series;
(2) the Holders of not less than twenty-five percent (25%) in
principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of that series shall have
made written request to the Trustee to institute proceedings in respect
of such Event of Default in its own name as Trustee hereunder;
(3) such Holder or Holders have offered to the Trustee reasonable
indemnity against the costs, expenses and liabilities to be incurred in
compliance with such request;
<PAGE> 48
(4) the Trustee for 60 days after its receipt of such notice,
request and offer of indemnity has failed to institute any such
proceeding; and
(5) no direction inconsistent with such written request has been
given to the Trustee during such 60-day period by the Holders of a
majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of that
series;
it being understood and intended that no one or more of such Holders shall have
any right in any manner whatever by virtue of, or by availing of, any provision
of this Indenture to affect, disturb or prejudice the rights of any other of
such Holders, or to obtain or to seek to obtain priority or preference over any
other of such Holders or to enforce any right under this Indenture, except in
the manner herein provided and for the equal and ratable benefit of all such
Holders.
SECTION 508. Unconditional Right of Holders to Receive Principal,
Premium, if any, Interest and Additional Amounts. Notwithstanding any other
provision in this Indenture, the Holder of any Security or coupon shall have the
right which is absolute and unconditional to receive payment of the principal of
(and premium, if any) and (subject to Sections 305 and 307) interest on, and any
Additional Amounts in respect of, such Security or payment of such coupon on the
respective due dates expressed in such Security or coupon (or, in the case of
redemption, on the Redemption Date) and to institute suit for the enforcement of
any such payment, and such rights shall not be impaired without the consent of
such Holder.
SECTION 509. Restoration of Rights and Remedies. If the Trustee or any
Holder of a Security or coupon has instituted any proceeding to enforce any
right or remedy under this Indenture and such proceeding has been discontinued
or abandoned for any reason, or has been determined adversely to the Trustee or
to such Holder, then and in every such case the Company, the Trustee and the
Holders of Securities and coupons shall, subject to any determination in such
proceeding, be restored severally and respectively to their former position
hereunder and thereafter all rights and remedies of the Trustee and the Holders
shall continue as though no such proceeding had been instituted.
SECTION 510. Rights and Remedies Cumulative. Except as otherwise
provided with respect to the replacement or payment of mutilated, destroyed,
lost or stolen Securities or coupons in the last paragraph of Section 306, no
right or remedy herein conferred upon or reserved to the Trustee or to the
Holders of Securities or coupons is intended to be exclusive of any other right
or remedy, and every right and remedy shall, to the extent permitted by law, be
cumulative and in addition to every other right and remedy given hereunder or
now or hereafter existing at law or in equity or otherwise. The assertion or
employment of any right or remedy hereunder, or otherwise, shall not prevent the
concurrent assertion nor employment of any other appropriate right or remedy.
SECTION 511. Delay or Omission Not Waiver. No delay or omission of the
Trustee or of any Holder of any Security or coupon to exercise any right or
remedy accruing upon any Event of Default shall impair any such right or remedy
or constitute a waiver of any such Event of Default or an acquiescence therein.
Every right and remedy given by this Article or by law to
<PAGE> 49
the Trustee or to the Holders may be exercised from time to time, and as often
as may be deemed expedient, by the Trustee or by the Holders of Securities or
coupons, as the case may be.
SECTION 512. Control by Holders of Securities. The Holders of not less
than twenty-five percent (25%) in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities
of any series shall have the right to direct the time, method and place of
conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee or exercising
any trust or power conferred on the Trustee with respect to the Securities of
such series, provided that:
(1) such direction shall not be in conflict with any rule of
law or with this Indenture,
(2) the Trustee may take any other action deemed proper by the
Trustee which is not inconsistent with such direction, and
(3) the Trustee need not take any action which might expose it to
personal liability, without the receipt of reasonable indemnity from
Holders requesting such action, or be unduly prejudicial to the Holders
of Securities of such series not joining therein.
SECTION 513. Waiver of Past Defaults. The Holders of not less than a
majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of any series may on
behalf of the Holders of all the Securities of such series and any related
coupons waive any past default hereunder with respect to such series and its
consequences, except a default
(1) in the payment of the principal of (or premium, if any) or
interest on or Additional Amounts payable in respect of any Security of
such series or any related coupons, or
(2) in respect of a covenant or provision hereof which under
Article Nine cannot be modified or amended without the consent of the
Holder of each Outstanding Security of such series affected.
Upon any such waiver, such default shall cease to exist, and any Event
of Default arising therefrom shall be deemed to have been waived, for every
purpose of this Indenture; but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or
other default or Event of Default or impair any right consequent thereon.
SECTION 514. Waiver of Usury, Stay or Extension Laws. The Company
covenants (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) that it will not at any
time insist upon, or plead, or in any manner whatsoever claim or take the
benefit or advantage of, any usury, stay or extension law wherever enacted, now
or at any time hereafter in force, which may affect the covenants or the
performance of this Indenture; and the Company (to the extent that it may
lawfully do so) hereby expressly waives all benefit or advantage of any such
law, and covenants that it will not hinder, delay or impede the execution of any
power herein granted to the Trustee, but will suffer and permit the execution of
every such power as though no such law had been enacted.
<PAGE> 50
SECTION 515. Undertaking for Costs. All parties to this Indenture
acknowledge, and each Holder of any Security by his acceptance thereof shall be
deemed to have acknowledged, that any court may in its discretion require, in
any suit for the enforcement of any right or remedy under this Indenture, or in
any suit against the Trustee for any action taken or omitted by it as Trustee,
the filing by any party litigant in such suit of an undertaking to pay the costs
of such suit, and that such court may in its discretion assess reasonable costs,
including reasonable attorneys' fees, against any party litigant in such suit
having due regard to the merits and good faith of the claims or defenses made by
such party litigant; but the provisions of this section shall not apply to any
suit instituted by the Trustee, to any suit instituted by any Holder, or group
of Holders, holding in the aggregate more than twenty-five percent (25%) in
principal amount of the Outstanding Securities, or to any suit instituted by any
Holder for the enforcement of the payment of the principal of (or premium, if
any) or interest on any Security on or after the respective Maturities expressed
in such Security (or, in the case of redemption, on or after the Redemption
Date).
ARTICLE SIX
THE TRUSTEE
SECTION 601. Notice of Defaults. Within 90 days after the occurrence of
any default hereunder with respect to the Securities of any series, the Trustee
shall transmit in the manner and to the extent provided in TIA Section 313(c),
notice of such default hereunder known to the Trustee, unless such default shall
have been cured or waived; provided, however, that, except in the case of a
default in the payment of the principal of (or premium, if any) or interest on
or any Additional Amounts or sinking fund installment with respect to the
Securities of such series, the Trustee shall be protected in withholding such
notice if and so long as Responsible Officers of the Trustee in good faith
determine that the withholding of such notice is in the interest of the Holders
of the Securities and coupons of such series; and provided further that in the
case of any default or breach of the character specified in Section 501(4) with
respect to the Securities and coupons of such series, no such notice to Holders
shall be given until at least 60 days after the occurrence thereof. For the
purpose of this Section, the term "default" means any event which is, or after
notice or lapse of time or both would become, an Event of Default with respect
to the Securities of such series.
SECTION 602. Certain Rights of Trustee. Subject to the provisions of
TIA Sections 315(a) through 315(d):
(1) the Trustee may rely and shall be protected in acting or
refraining from acting upon any resolution, certificate, statement,
instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order,
bond, debenture, note, coupon or other paper or document believed by it
to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper party
or parities;
(2) any request or direction of the Company mentioned herein
shall be sufficiently evidenced by a Company Request or Company Order
(other than
<PAGE> 51
delivery of any Security, together with any coupons appertaining
thereto, to the Trustee for authentication and delivery pursuant to
Section 303 which shall be sufficiently evidenced as provided therein)
and any resolution of the Board of Directors may be sufficiently
evidenced by a Board Resolution;
(3) whenever in the administration of this Indenture the Trustee
shall deem it desirable that a matter be proved or established prior to
taking, suffering or omitting to take any action hereunder, the Trustee
(unless other evidence be herein specifically prescribed) may, in the
absence of bad faith on its part, rely upon an Officers' Certificate;
(4) the Trustee may consult with counsel and the advice of such
counsel or any Opinion of Counsel shall be full and complete
authorization and protection in respect of any action taken, suffered or
omitted by it hereunder in good faith and in reliance thereon;
(5) the Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any of
the rights or powers vested in it by this Indenture at the request or
direction of any of the Holders of Securities of any series or any
related coupons pursuant to this Indenture, unless such Holders shall
have offered to the Trustee reasonable security or indemnity against the
costs, expenses and liabilities which might be incurred by it in
compliance with such request or direction;
(6) the Trustee shall not be bound to make any investigation into
the facts or matters stated in any resolution, certificate, statement,
instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order,
bond, debenture, note, coupon or other paper or document, but the
Trustee, in its discretion, may make such further inquiry or
investigation into such facts or matters as it may see fit, and, if the
Trustee shall determine to make such further inquiry or investigation,
it shall be entitled to examine the books, records and premises of the
Company, personally or by agent or attorney;
(7) the Trustee may execute any of the trusts or powers hereunder
or perform any duties hereunder either directly or by or through agents
or attorneys and the Trustee shall not be responsible for any misconduct
or negligence on the part of any agent or attorney appointed with due
care by it hereunder; and
(8) the Trustee shall not be liable for any action taken,
suffered or omitted by it in good faith and reasonably believed by it to
be authorized or within the discretion or rights or powers conferred
upon it by this Indenture.
The Trustee shall not be required to expend or risk its own funds or
otherwise incur any financial liability in the performance of any of its duties
hereunder, or in the. exercise of any of its rights or powers.
<PAGE> 52
SECTION 603. Not Responsible for Recitals or Issuance of Securities. The
recitals contained herein and in the Securities, except the Trustee's
certificate of authorization, and in any coupons shall be taken as the
statements of the Company, and neither the Trustee nor any Authenticating Agent
assumes any responsibility for their correctness. The Trustee makes no
representations as to the validity or sufficiency of this Indenture or of the
Securities or coupons, except that the Trustee represents that it is duly
authorized to execute and deliver this Indenture, authenticate the Securities
and perform its obligation hereunder. Neither the Trustee nor the Authenticating
Agent shall be accountable for the use or application by the Company of
Securities or the proceeds thereof.
SECTION 604. May Hold Securities. The Trustee, any Paying Agent,
Security Registrar, Authenticating Agent or any other agent of the Company, in
its individual or any other capacity, may become the owner or pledgee of
Securities and coupons and, subject to TIA Sections 310(b) and 311, may
otherwise deal with the Company with the same rights it would have if it were
not Trustee, Paying Agent, Security Registrar, Authenticating Agent or such
other agent.
SECTION 605. Money Held in Trust. Money held by the Trustee in trust
hereunder need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required
by law. The Trustee shall be under no liability for interest on any money
received by it hereunder except as otherwise agreed with the Company.
SECTION 606. Compensation and Reimbursement. The Company agrees:
(1) to pay to the Trustee from time to time reasonable
compensation for all services rendered by it hereunder (which
compensation shall not be limited by any provision of law in regard to
the compensation of a trustee of an express trust);
(2) except as otherwise expressly provided herein, to reimburse
each of the Trustee and any predecessor Trustee upon its request for all
reasonable expenses, disbursements and advances incurred or made by the
Trustee in accordance with any provision of this Indenture (including
the reasonable compensation and the expenses and disbursements of its
agents and counsel), except any such expense, disbursement or advance as
may be attributable to Trustee's negligence or bad faith; and
(3) to indemnify each of the Trustee and any predecessor Trustee
for, and to hold it harmless against, any loss, liability or expense
incurred without negligence or bad faith on its own part, arising out of
or in connection with the acceptance or administration of the trust or
trusts hereunder, including the costs and expenses of defending itself
against any claim or liability in connection with the exercise or
performance of any of its powers or duties hereunder.
When the Trustee incurs expenses or renders services in connection with
an Event of Default specified in Section 505(5) or Section 501(6), the expenses
(including the reasonable
<PAGE> 53
charges and expenses of its counsel) and the compensation for the services are
intended to constitute expenses of administration under any applicable Federal
or state bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar law.
As security for the performance of the obligations of the Company under
this Section, the Trustee shall have a lien prior to the Securities upon all
property and funds held or collected by the Trustee as such, except funds held
in trust for the payment of principal of (or premium, if any) or interest on
particular Securities or coupons.
The provisions of this Section shall survive the termination of this
Indenture.
SECTION 607. Corporate Trustee Required; Eligibility; Conflicting
Interests. There shall at all times be a Trustee hereunder which shall be
eligible to act as Trustee under TIA Section 310(a)(1) and shall have a combined
capital and surplus of at least $50,000,000. If such corporation publishes
reports of condition at least annually, pursuant to law or the requirements
Federal, state, Territorial or District of Columbia supervising or examining
authority, then for the purposes of this Section, the combined capital and
surplus of such corporation shall be deemed to be its combined capital and
surplus as set forth in its most recent report of condition so published. If at
anytime the Trustee shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions
of this Section, it shall resign immediately in the manner and with the effect
hereinafter specified in this Article.
SECTION 608. Resignation and Removal; Appointment of Successor.
(a) No resignation or removal of the Trustee and no appointment of a
successor Trustee pursuant to this Article shall become effective until the
acceptance of appointment by the successor Trustee in accordance with the
applicable requirements of Section 609.
(b) The Trustee may resign at any time with respect to the Securities of
one or more series by giving written notice thereof to the Company. If an
instrument of acceptance by a successor Trustee shall not have been delivered to
the Trustee within 30 days after the giving of such notice of resignation, the
resigning Trustee may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the
appointment of a successor Trustee.
(c) The Trustee may be removed at any time with respect to the
Securities of any series by Act of the Holders of a majority in principal amount
of the Outstanding Securities of such series delivered to the Trustee and to the
Company.
(d) If at anytime:
(1) the Trustee shall fail to comply with the provisions of TIA
Section 310(b) after written request therefor by the Company or by any
Holder of a Security who has been a bona fide Holder of a Security for
at least six months, or
<PAGE> 54
(2) the Trustee shall cease to be eligible under Section 607(a)
and shall fail to resign after written request therefor by the Company
or by any Holder of a Security who has been a bona fide Holder of a
Security for at least six months, or
(3) the Trustee shall become incapable of acting or shall be
adjudged a bankrupt or insolvent or a receiver of the Trustee or of its
property shall be appointed or any public officer shall take charge or
control of the Trustee or of its property or affairs for the purpose of
rehabilitation, conservation or liquidation,
then, in any such case, (i) the Company by or pursuant to a Board Resolution may
remove the Trustee and appoint a successor Trustee with respect to all
Securities, or (ii) subject to TIA Section 315(e), any Holder of a Security who
has been a bona fide Holder of a Security for at least six months may, on behalf
of himself and all others similarly situated, petition any court of competent
jurisdiction for the removal of the Trustee with respect to all Securities and
the appointment of a successor Trustee or Trustees.
(e) If the Trustee shall resign, be removed or become incapable of
acting, or if a vacancy shall occur in the office of Trustee for any reason with
respect to- the Securities of one or more series, the Company, by or pursuant to
a Board Resolution, shall promptly appoint a successor Trustee or Trustees with
respect to the Securities of that or those series (it being understood that any
such successor Trustee may be appointed with respect to the Securities of one or
more or all of such series and that at any time there shall be only one Trustee
with respect to the Securities of any particular series). If, within one year
after such resignation, removal or incapability, or the occurrence of such
vacancy, a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series shall
be appointed by Act of the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the
Outstanding Securities of such series delivered to the Company and the retiring
Trustee, the successor Trustee so appointed shall, forthwith upon its acceptance
of such appointment, become the successor Trustee with respect to the Securities
of such series and to that extent supersede the successor Trustee appointed by
the Company. If no successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of any
series shall have been so appointed by the Company or the holders of Securities
and accepted appointed by the Company or Holders of Securities and accepted
appointment in the manner hereinafter provided any Holder of a Security who has
been a bona fide Holder of a Security of such series for at least six months
may, on behalf of himself and all others similarly situated, petition any court
of competent jurisdiction of the appointment of a successor Trustee with respect
to Securities of such series.
(f) The Company shall give notice of each resignation and each removal
of the Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series and each appointment
of a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series in the
manner provided for notices to the Holders of Securities in Section 106. Each
notice shall include the name of the successor Trustee with respect to the
Securities of such series and the address of its Corporate Trust Office.
SECTION 609. Acceptance of Appointment by Successor.
(a) In case of the appointment hereunder of a successor Trustee with
respect to all Securities, every such successor Trustee shall execute,
acknowledge and deliver to the Company
<PAGE> 55
and to the retiring Trustee an instrument accepting such appointment, and
thereupon the resignation or removal of the retiring Trustee shall become
effective and such successor Trustee, without any further act, deed or
conveyance, shall become vested with all the rights, powers, trusts and duties
of the retiring Trustee; but, upon request of the Company or the successor
Trustee, such retiring Trustee shall, upon payment of its charges, execute and
deliver an instrument transferring to such successor trustee all the rights,
powers and trusts of the retiring Trustee, and shall duly assign, transfer and
deliver to such successor Trustee all property and money held by such retiring
Trustee hereunder, subject nevertheless to its claim, if any, provided for in
Section 606.
(b) In case of the appointment hereunder of a successor Trustee with
respect to the Securities of one or more (but not all) series, the Company, the
retiring Trustee and each successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of
one or more series shall execute and deliver an indenture supplemental hereto,
pursuant to Article Nine hereof, wherein each successor Trustee shall accept
such appointment and which (1) shall contain such provisions as shall be
necessary or desirable to transfer and confirm to, and to vest in, each
successor Trustee all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of the retiring
Trustee with respect to the Securities of that or those series to which the
appointment of such successor Trustee relates, (2) if the retiring Trustee is
not retiring with respect to all Securities, shall contain such provisions as
shall be deemed necessary or desirable to confirm that all the rights, powers,
trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee with respect to the Securities of that
or those series as to which the retiring Trustee with respect to the Securities
of that or those series as to which the retiring Trustee is not retiring shall
continue to be vested in the retiring Trustee, and (3) shall add to or change
any of the provisions of this Indenture as shall be necessary to provide for or
facilitate the administration of the trusts hereunder by more than one Trustee,
it being understood that nothing herein or in such supplemental indenture shall
constitute such Trustees co-trustees of the same trust and that each such
Trustee shall be trustee of a trust or trusts hereunder separate and apart from
any trust or trusts hereunder separate and apart from any trust or trusts
hereunder administered by any other such Trustee; and upon the execution and
delivery of such supplemental indenture the resignation or removal of the
retiring Trustee shall become effective to the extent provided therein and each
such successor Trustee, without any further act, deed or conveyance, shall
become vested with all the right, powers, trusts and duties of the retiring
Trustee with respect to the Securities of that or those series to which the
appointment of such successor Trustee relates; but, on request of the Company or
any successor Trustee, such retiring Trustee shall duly assign, transfer and
deliver to such successor Trustee all property and money held by such retiring
Trustee hereunder with respect to the Securities of that or those series to
which the appointment of such successor Trustee relates.
(c) Upon request of any such successor Trustee, the Company shall
execute any and all instruments for more fully and certainly vesting in, and
confirming to such successor Trustee all such rights, powers and trusts referred
to in paragraph (a) or (b) of this section, as the case may be.
(d) No successor Trustee shall accept its appointment unless at the time
of such acceptance such successor Trustee shall be qualified and eligible under
this Article.
<PAGE> 56
SECTION 610. Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to
Business. Any corporation into which the Trustee may be merged or converted or
with which it may be consolidated, or any corporation resulting from any merger,
conversion or consolidation to which the Trustee shall be a party, or any
corporation succeeding to all or substantially all of the corporate trust
business of the Trustee, shall be the successor of the Trustee hereunder,
provided such corporation shall be otherwise qualified and eligible under this
Article, without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the
part of any of the parties hereto. In case any Securities or coupons shall have
been authenticated, but not delivered, by the Trustee then in office, any
successor by merger, conversion or consolidation to such authenticating Trustee
may adopt such authentication and deliver the Securities or coupons so
authenticated with the same effect as if such successor Trustee had itself
authenticated such Securities or coupons. In case any Securities or coupons
shall not have been authenticated by such predecessor Trustee, any such
successor Trustee may authenticate and deliver such Securities or coupons, in
either its own name or that of its predecessor Trustee, with the full force and
effect which this Indenture provides for the certificate of authentication of
the Trustee.
SECTION 611. Appointment of Authentication Agent. At any time when any
of the Securities remain Outstanding, the Trustee may appoint an Authenticating
Agent or Agents with respect to one or more series of Securities which shall be
authorized to act on behalf of the Trustee to authenticate Securities of such
series issued upon exchange, registration of transfer or partial redemption or
repayment thereof, and Securities so authenticated shall be entitled to the
benefits of this Indenture and shall be valid and obligatory for all purposes as
if authenticated by the trustee hereunder. Any such appointment shall be
evidenced by an instrument in writing signed by a Responsible Officer of the
Trustee, a copy of which instruction shall be promptly furnished to the Company.
Wherever reference is made in this Indenture to the authentication and delivery
of Securities by the Trustee or the Trustee's certificate of authentication,
such reference shall be deemed to include authentication and delivery on behalf
of the Trustee by an Authenticating Agent and a certificate of authentication
executed on behalf of the Trustee by an Authenticating Agent. Each
Authenticating Agent shall be acceptable to the Company and, except as may
otherwise be provided pursuant to Section 301, shall at all times be a bank or
trust company or corporation organized and doing business and in good standing
under the laws of the United States of America or of any State or the District
of Columbia, authorized under such laws to act as Authenticating Agent, having a
combined capital and surplus of not less than $50,000,000 and subject to
supervision or examination by federal or state authorities. If such
Authenticating Agent publishes reports of condition at least annually, pursuant
to law or the requirements of the aforesaid supervising or examining authority,
then for the purposes of this Section, the combined capital and surplus of such
Authenticating Agent shall be deemed to be its combined capital and surplus as
set forth in its most recent report of condition so published. In case at any
time an Authenticating Agent shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the
provisions of this Section, such Authenticating Agent shall resign immediately
in the manner and with the effect specified in this Section.
Any corporation into which an Authenticating Agent may be merged or
converted or with which it may be consolidated, or any corporation resulting
from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which such Authenticating Agent
shall be a party, or any corporation succeeding
<PAGE> 57
to the corporate agency or corporate trust business of an Authenticating Agent,
shall continue to be an Authenticating Agent, provided such corporation shall be
otherwise eligible under this Section, without the execution or filing of any
paper or further act on the part of the Trustee or the Authenticating Agent.
An Authenticating Agent for any series of Securities may at any time
resign by giving written notice of resignation to the Trustee for such series
and to the Company. The Trustee for any series of Securities may at any time
terminate the agency of an Authenticating Agent by giving written notice of
termination to such Authenticating Agent and to the Company. Upon receiving such
a notice of resignation or upon such a termination, or in case at any time such
Authenticating Agent shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the
provisions of this Section, the Trustee for such series may appoint a successor
Authenticating Agent which shall be acceptable to the Company and shall give
notice of such appointment to all Holders of Securities of the series with
respect to which such Authenticating Agent will service in the manner set forth
in Section 106. Any successor Authenticating Agent upon acceptance of its
appointment hereunder shall become vested with all the rights, powers and duties
of its predecessor hereunder, with like effect as if originally named as an
Authenticating Agent herein. No successor Authenticating Agent shall be
appointed unless eligible under the provisions of this Section.
The Company agrees to pay to each Authenticating Agent from time to time
reasonable compensation including reimbursement of its reasonable expenses for
its services under this Section.
If an appointment with respect to one or more series is made pursuant to
this Section, the Securities of such series may have endorsed thereon, in
addition to or in lieu of the Trustee's certificate of authentication, an
alternate certificate of authentication substantially in the following form:
This is one of the Securities of the series
designated therein referred to in the within-mentioned
Indenture.
First Trust of California, National
Association
as Trustee
By:____________________________________________
as Authenticating Agent
By:____________________________________________
Authorized Officer
<PAGE> 58
ARTICLE SEVEN
HOLDERS' LISTS AND REPORTS BY TRUSTEE AND COMPANY
SECTION 701. Disclosure of Names and Addresses of Holders. Every Holder
of Securities or coupons, by receiving and holding the same, agrees with the
Company and the Trustee that neither the Company nor the Trustee nor any
Authenticating Agent nor any Paying Agent nor any Security Registrar shall be
held accountable by reason of the disclosure of any information as to the names
and addresses of the Holders of Securities in accordance with TIA Section 312,
regardless of the source from which such information was derived, and that the
Trustee shall not be held accountable by reason of mailing any material pursuant
to a request made under TIA Section 312(b).
SECTION 702. Reports by Trustee. Within 60 days after January 1 of each
year commencing with the first January I after the issuance of Securities
pursuant to this Indenture, the Trustee shall transmit by mail to all Holders of
Securities as provided in TIA Section 313(c) a brief report dated as of such
January 1, if required by TIA Section 313(a).
SECTION 703. Reports by Company. The Company will:
(1) file with the Trustee, within 15 days after the Company is
required to file the same with the Commission, copies of the annual
reports and of the information documents and other reports (or copies of
such portions of any of the foregoing as the Commission may from time to
time by rules and regulations prescribed) which the Company may be
required to file with the Commission pursuant to Section 13 or Section
15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; or, if the Company is not
required to file information, documents or reports pursuant to either of
such Sections, then it will file with the Trustee and the Commission, in
accordance with rules and regulations prescribed from time to time by
the Commission, such of the supplementary and periodic information,
documents and reports which may be required pursuant to Section 13 of
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 in respect of a security listed and
registered on a national securities exchange as may be prescribed from
time to time in such rules and regulations;
(2) file with the Trustee and the Commission, in accordance with
rules and regulations prescribed from time to time by the Commission,
such additional information, documents and reports with respect to
compliance by the Company with the conditions, and covenants of this
Indenture as may be required from time to time by such rules and
regulations; and
(3) transmit by mail to the Holders of Securities, within 30 days
after the filing hereof with the Trustee, in the manner and to the
extent provided in TIA Section 313(c), such summaries of any
information, documents and reports required to be filed by the Company
pursuant to paragraphs (1) and (2) of this
<PAGE> 59
section as may be required by rules and regulations prescribed from time
to time by the Commission.
SECTION 704. Company to Furnish to Trustee Names and Addresses of
Holders. The Company will furnish or cause to be furnished to the Trustee:
(a) semi-annually, not later than 25 days after the Regular
Record Date for interest for each series of Securities, a list, in such
form as the Trustee may reasonably require, of the names and addresses
of the Holders of Registered Securities of such series as of such
Regular Record Date, or if there is no Regular Record Date for interest
for such series of Securities, semi-annually, upon such dates as are set
forth in the Board Resolution or indenture supplemental hereto
authorizing such series, and
(b) at such other times as the Trustee may request in writing,
within 30 days after the receipt by the Company of any such request, a
list of similar form and content as of a date not more than 15 days
prior to the time such list is furnished, provided, however, that, so
long as the Trustee is the Security Registrar, no such list shall be
required to be furnished.
ARTICLE EIGHT
CONSOLIDATION, MERGER, SALE, LEASE OR CONVEYANCE
SECTION 801. Consolidation and Mergers of Company and Sales, Leases and
Conveyance Permitted Subject to Certain Conditions. The Company may consolidate
with, or sell, lease or convey all or substantially all of its assets to, or
merge with or into any other corporation, provided that in any such case, (i)
either the Company shall be the continuing corporation, or the successor
corporation shall be a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the
United States or a State thereof and such successor corporation shall expressly
assume the due and punctual payment of the principal of (and premium, if any)
and any interest (including all Additional Amounts, if any, payable pursuant to
Section 1022) on all of the Securities, according to their tenor, and the due
and punctual performance and observance of all of the covenants and conditions
of this Indenture to be performed by the Company by supplemental indenture,
complying with Article Nine thereof, executed and delivered to the Trustee by
such corporation and (ii) immediately after giving effect to such transaction
and treating any indebtedness which becomes an obligation of the Company or any
Subsidiary as a result thereof as having been incurred by the Company or such
Subsidiary at the time of such transaction, no Event of Default, and no event
which, after notice or the lapse of time, or both, would become an Event of
Default, shall have occurred and be continuing.
SECTION 802. Rights and Duties of Successor Corporation. In case of any
such consolidation, merger, sale, lease or conveyance and upon any such
assumption by the successor corporation, such successor corporation shall
succeed to and be substituted for the Company, with the same effect as if it had
been named herein as the party of the first part, and the predecessor
corporation, except in the event of a lease, shall be relieved of any further
obligation
<PAGE> 60
under this Indenture and the Securities. Such successor corporation thereupon
may cause to be signed, and may issue either in its own name or in the name of
the Company, any and all of the Securities issuable hereunder which theretofore
shall not have been signed by the Company and delivered to the Trustee; and,
upon the order of such successor corporation, instead of the Company, and
subject to all the terms, conditions and limitations in this Indenture
prescribed, the Trustee shall authenticate and shall deliver any securities
which previously shall have been signed and delivered by the officers of the
Company to the Trustee for authentication, and any Securities which such
successor corporation thereafter shall cause to be signed and delivered to the
Trustee for that purpose. All the Securities so issued shall in all respects
have the same legal rank and benefit under this Indenture as the Securities
theretofore or thereafter issued in accordance with the terms of this Indenture
as though all of such Securities had been issued at the date of the execution
hereof.
In case of any such consolidation, merger, sale, lease or conveyance,
such changes in phraseology and form (but not in substance) may be made in the
Securities thereafter to be issued as may be appropriate.
SECTION 803. Officers' Certificate and Opinion of Counsel. Any
consolidation, merger, sale, lease or conveyance permitted under Section 801 is
also subject to the condition that the Trustee receive an Officers' Certificate
and an Opinion of Counsel to the effect that any such consolidation, merger,
sale, lease or conveyance, and the assumption of the Company's obligation under
this Indenture by any successor corporation, complies with the provisions of
this Article and that all conditions precedent herein provided for relating to
such transaction have been complied with.
ARTICLE NINE
SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES
SECTION 901. Supplemental Indentures Without Consent of Holders. Without
the consent of any Holders of Securities or coupons, the Company, when
authorized by or pursuant to a Board Resolution, and the Trustee, at any time
and from time to time, may enter into one or more indentures supplemental
hereto, for any of the following purposes:
(1) to evidence the succession of another Person to the Company
and the assumption by any such successor of the covenants of the Company
herein and in the Securities contained; or
(2) to add to the covenants of the Company for the benefit of the
Holders of all or any series of Securities (and if such covenants are to
be for the benefit of less than all series of Securities, stating that
such covenants are expressly being included solely for the benefit of
such series) or to surrender any right or power herein conferred upon
the Company; or
(3) to add any additional Events of Default for the benefit of
the Holders of all or any series of Securities (and if such Events of
Default are to be
<PAGE> 61
for the benefit of less than all series of Securities, stating that such
Events of Default are expressly being included solely for the benefit of
such series) - provided, however, that in respect of any such additional
Events of Default such supplemental indenture may provide for a
particular period of grace after default (which period may be shorter or
longer than that allowed in the case of other defaults) or may provide
for an immediate enforcement upon such default or may limit the
immediate enforcement upon such default or may limit the remedies
available to the Trustee upon such default or may limit the right of the
Holders of that or those series of Securities to which such additional
Events of Default apply to waive such default; or
(4) to add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture
to provide that Bearer Securities may be registerable as to principal,
to change or eliminate any restrictions on the payment of principal of
or any premium or interest on Bearer Securities, to permit Bearer
Securities to be issued in exchange for Registered Securities, to permit
Bearer Securities to be issued in exchange for Bearer Securities of
other authorized denominations or to permit or facilitate the issuance
of Securities in uncertificated form, provided, that any such action
shall not adversely affect the interests of the Holders of Securities of
any series or any related coupons in any respect; or
(5) to change or eliminate any of the provisions of this
Indenture, provided that any such change or elimination shall become
effective only when there is no Security Outstanding of any series
created prior to the execution of such supplemental indenture which is
entitled to the benefit of such provision; or
(6) to secure the Securities; or
(7) to establish the form or terms of Securities of any series
and any related coupons as permitted by Sections 202 and 301, including
the provisions and procedures relating to Securities convertible into
Common Stock or Preferred Stock, as the case may be; or
(8) to evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment
hereunder by a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of one
or more series and to add to or change any of the provisions of this
Indenture as shall be necessary to provide for or facilitate the
administration of the trusts hereunder by more than one Trustee; or
(9) to cure any ambiguity, to correct or supplement any provision
herein which may be defective or inconsistent with any other provision
herein, or to make any other provisions with respect to matters or
questions arising under this Indenture which shall not be inconsistent
with the provisions of this Indenture, provided such provisions shall
not adversely affect the interests of the Holders of Securities of any
series or any related coupons in any respect; or
<PAGE> 62
(10) to supplement any of the provisions of this Indenture to
such extent as shall be necessary to permit or facilitate the defeasance
and discharge of any series of Securities pursuant to Sections 401, 1402
and 1403; provided that any such action shall not adversely affect the
interests of the Holders of Securities of such series and any related
coupons or any other series of Securities if any material respect.
SECTION 902. Supplemental Indentures with Consent of Holders. With the
consent of the Holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of all
Outstanding Securities of any series, by Act of said Holders delivered to the
Company and the Trustee, the Company, when authorized by or pursuant to a Board
Resolution, and the Trustee may enter into an indenture or indentures
supplemental hereto for the purpose of adding any provisions to or changing in
any manner or eliminating any of the provisions of this Indenture, as it relates
to such series or of modifying in any manner the rights of the Holders of
Securities of such series and any related coupons under this Indenture;
provided, however, that no such supplemental indenture shall, without the
consent of the Holder of each Outstanding Security affected thereby:
(1) change the Stated Maturity of the principal of (or premium,
if any, on) or any installment of principal of or interest on, any
Security; or reduce the principal amount thereof or the rate or amount
of interest thereon or any Additional Amounts payable in respect
thereof, or any premium payable upon the redemption thereof, or change
any obligation of the Company to pay Additional Amounts pursuant to
Section 1010 (except as contemplated by Section 801(i) and permitted by
Section 901(1)), or reduce the amount of the principal of an Original
Issue Discount Security that would be due and payable upon a declaration
of acceleration of the Maturity thereof pursuant to Section 502 or the
amount thereof pursuant to Section 502 or the amount thereof provable in
bankruptcy pursuant to Section 504, or adversely affect any right of
repayment at the option of the Holder of any Security, or change any
Place of Payment where, or the currency or currencies, currency unit or
units or composite currency or currencies in which, any Security or any
premium or the interest thereon is payable, or impair the right to
institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment on or after the
Maturity thereof (or, in the case of redemption or repayment at the
option of the Holder, on or after the Redemption Date or the Repayment
Date, as the case may be), or
(2) reduce the percentage in principal amount of the Outstanding
Securities of any series, the consent of whose Holders is required for
any such supplemental indenture, or the consent of whose Holders is
required for any waiver with respect to such series (or compliance with
certain provisions of this Indenture or certain defaults hereunder and
their consequences) provided for in this Indenture, or reduce the
requirement of Section 1504 for quorum or voting, or
(3) modify any of the provisions of this Section, Section 513 or
Section 1008, except to increase the required percentage to effect such
action or to provide that certain other provisions of this Indenture
cannot be modified or
<PAGE> 63
waived without the consent of the Holder of each Outstanding Security
affected thereby.
It shall not be necessary for any Act of Holders under this Section to
approve the particular form of any proposed supplemental indenture, but it shall
be sufficient if such Act shall approve the substance thereof.
A supplemental indenture which changes or eliminates any covenant or
other provision of this Indenture which has expressly been include solely for
the benefit of one or more particular series of Securities, or which modifies
the rights of the Holders of Securities of such series with respect to such
covenant or other provision, shall be deemed not to affect the rights under this
Indenture of the Holders of Securities of any other series.
SECTION 903. Execution of Supplement Indentures. In executing, or
accepting the additional trusts created by, any supplemental indenture permitted
by this Article or the modification thereby of the trusts created by this
Indenture, the Trustee shall be entitled to receive, and shall be fully
protected in relying upon, an Opinion of Counsel stating that the execution of
such supplemental indenture is authorized or permitted by this Indenture. The
Trustee may, but shall not be obligated to, enter into any such supplemental
indenture which affects the Trustee's own rights, duties or immunities under
this Indenture or otherwise.
SECTION 904. Effect of Supplemental Indentures. Upon the execution of an
supplemental indenture under this Article, this Indenture shall be modified in
accordance therewith and such supplemental indenture shall form a part of this
Indenture for all purposes; and every Holder of Securities theretofore or
thereafter authenticated and delivered hereunder and of any coupon appertaining
thereto shall be bound thereby.
SECTION 905. Conformity with Trust Indenture Act. Every supplemental
indenture executed pursuant to this Article shall conform to the requirements of
the Trust Indenture Act as then in effect.
SECTION 906. Reference in Securities to Supplemental Indentures.
Securities of any series authenticated and delivered after the execution of an
supplemental indenture pursuant to this Article may, and shall if required by
the Trustee, bear a notation in form approved by the Trustee as to any matter
provided for in such supplemental indenture. If the Company shall so determine,
new Securities of any series so modified as to conform, in the opinion of the
Trustee and the Company, to any such supplemental indenture may be prepared and
executed by the Company and authenticated and delivered by the Trustee in
exchange for Outstanding Securities of such series.
ARTICLE TEN
COVENANTS
SECTION 1001. Payment of Principal, Premium, if any, Interest and
Additional Amounts. The Company covenants and agrees for the benefit of the
Holders of each series of
<PAGE> 64
Securities that it will duly and punctually pay the principal of (and premium,
if any) and interest on and any Additional Amounts payable in respect of the
Securities of that series in accordance with the terms of such series of
Securities, and coupons appertaining thereto and this Indenture. Unless
otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301 with respect to any series of
a Securities, any interest due on and any Additional Amounts payable in respect
of Bearer Securities on or before Maturity, other than Additional Amounts, if
any, payable as provided in Section 1010 in respect of principal of (or premium,
if any, on) such a Security, shall be payable only upon presentation and
surrender of the several coupons for such interest installments as are evidenced
thereby as they severally mature. Unless otherwise specified with respect to
Securities of any series pursuant to Section 301, at the option of the Company,
all payments of principal may be paid by check to the registered Holder of the
Registered Security or other person entitled thereto against surrender of such
Security.
SECTION 1002. Maintenance of Office or Agency. If Securities of a series
are issuable only as Registered Securities, the Company shall maintain in each
Place of Payment for any series of Securities an office or agency where
Securities of that series may be presented or surrendered for payment or
conversion, where Securities of that series may be surrendered for registration
of transfer or exchange, and where notices and demands to or upon the Company in
respect of the Securities of that series and this Indenture may be served. If
Securities of a series are issuable as Bearer Securities, the Company will
maintain: (A) in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, an office or
agency where any Registered Securities of that series may be presented or
surrendered for payment or conversion, where any Registered Securities of that
series may be surrendered for registration of transfer, where Securities of that
series may be surrendered for exchange, where notices and demands to or upon the
Company in respect of the Securities of that series and this Indenture may be
served and where Bearer Securities of that series and related coupons may be
presented or surrendered for payment or conversion in the circumstances
described in the following paragraph (and not otherwise); (B) subject to and
laws or regulations applicable thereto, in a Place of Payment for that series
which is located outside the United States, an office or agency where Securities
of that series and related coupons may be presented and surrendered for payment
(including payment of any Additional Amounts payable on Securities of that
series pursuant to Section 1010) or conversion; provided, however, that if the
Securities of that series are listed on the Luxembourg Stock Exchange or an
other stock exchange located outside the United States and such stock exchange
shall so require, the Company will maintain a Paying Agent for the Securities of
that series in Luxembourg or any other required city located outside the United
States, as the case may be, so long as the Securities of that series are listed
on such exchange; and (C) subject to any laws or regulations applicable thereto,
in a Place of Payment for that series located outside the United States an
office or agency where any Registered Securities of that series may be
surrendered for registration of transfer, where Securities of that series may be
surrendered for exchange and where notices and demands to or upon the Company in
respect of the Securities of that series and this Indenture may be served. The
Company will give prompt written notice to the Trustee of the location, and any
change in the location, of each such office or agency. If at any time the
Company shall fail to maintain any such required office or agency or shall fail
to furnish the Trustee with the address thereto, such presentations, surrenders,
notices and demands may be made or served at the Corporate Trust Office of the
Trustee, except that Bearer Securities of that series and the related
<PAGE> 65
coupons may be presented and surrendered for payment (including payment of any
Additional Amounts payable on Bearer Securities of that series pursuant to
Section 1022) or conversion at the offices specified in the Security in London,
England, and the Company hereby appoints the same as its agent to receive such
respective presentations, surrenders, notices and demands, and the Company
hereby appoints the Trustee its agent to receive all such presentations,
surrenders, notices and demands.
Unless otherwise specified with respect to any Securities pursuant to
Section 301, no payment of principal, premium or interest on or Additional
Amounts in respect of Bearer Securities shall be made at any office or agency of
the Company in the United States or by check mailed to any address in the United
States or by transfer to an account maintained with a bank located in the United
States; provided, however, that, if the Securities of a series are payable in
Dollars, payment of principal and any premium and interest on any Bearer
Security (including any Additional Amounts Payable on Securities of such series
pursuant to Section 1010) shall be made at the office of the Company's Paying
Agent in the Borough of Manhattan, if (but only if) payment in Dollars of the
full amount of such principal, premium, interest or Additional Amounts, as the
case may be, at all offices or agencies outside the United States maintained for
such purpose by the Company in accordance with this Indenture, is illegal or
effectively precluded by exchange controls or other similar restrictions.
The Company may from time to time designate one or more other offices or
agencies where the Securities of one or more series may be presented or
surrendered for any or all of such purposes, and may from time to time rescind
such designation; provided, however, that no such designation or rescission
shall in any manner relieve the Company of its obligation to maintain an office
or agency in accordance with the requirements set forth above for Securities of
any series for such purposes. The company will give prompt written notice to the
Trustee of any, such designation or rescission and of any change in the location
of any such other office or agency. Unless otherwise specified with respect to
any Securities pursuant to Section 301 with respect to a series of Securities,
the Company hereby designates as a Place of Payment for each series of
Securities the office or agency of the Company in the Borough of Manhattan, and
initially appoints the Trustee at its Corporate Trust Office as Paying Agent in
such city and as its agent to receive all such presentations, surrenders,
notices and demands.
Unless otherwise specified with respect to any Securities pursuant to
Section 302, if and so long as the Securities of any series (i) are denominated
in a Foreign Currency or (ii) may be payable in a Foreign Currency or so long as
it is required under any other provision of this Indenture, then the Company
will maintain with respect to each such series of Securities, or as so required,
at least one exchange rate agent.
SECTION 1003. Money for Securities Payments to Be Held in Trust. If the
Company shall at any time act as its own Paying Agent with respect to any series
of any Securities and any related coupons, it will, by no later than 11:00 a.m.
Pacific Standard Time on the day prior to each due date of the principal of (and
premium, if any), or interest on or Additional Amounts in respect of, any of the
Securities of that series, segregate and holder in trust for the benefit of the
Persons entitled thereto a sum in the currency or currencies, currency unit or
units or composite
<PAGE> 66
currency or currencies in which the Securities of such series are payable
(except as otherwise specified pursuant to Section 301 for the Securities of
such series) sufficient to pay the principal (and premium, if any) or interest
or Additional Amounts so becoming due until such sums shall be paid to such
Persons or otherwise disposed of as herein provided, and will promptly notify
the Trustee of its action or failure so to act.
Whenever the Company shall have one or more Paying Agents for any series
of Securities and any related coupons, it will, on or before each due date of
the principal of (and premium, if any), or interest on or Additional Amounts in
respect of any Securities of that series, deposit with a Paying Agent a sum (in
the currency or currencies, currency unit or units or composite currency or
currencies described in the preceding paragraph) sufficient to pay the principal
(and premium, if any) or interest or Additional Amount, so becoming due, such
sum to be held in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled to such
principal, premium or interest or Additional Amounts and (unless such Paying
Agent is the Trustee) the Company will promptly notify the Trustee of its action
or failure so to act.
The Company will cause each Paying Agent other than the Trustee to
execute and deliver to the Trustee an instrument in which such Paying Agent
shall agree with the Trustee, subject to the provisions of this Section, that
such Paying Agent will:
(1) hold all sums held by it for the payment of principal of (and
premium, if any) or interest on Securities in trust for the benefit of
the Persons entitled thereto until such sums shall be paid to such
Persons or otherwise disposed of as herein provided;
(2) give the Trustee notice of any default by the Company (or any
other obligor upon the Securities) in the making of any such payment of
principal (and premium, if any) or interest; and
(3) at any time during the continuance of any such default, upon
the written request of the Trustee, forthwith pay to the Trustee all
sums so held in trust by such Paying Agent.
The Company may at any time, for the purpose of obtaining the
satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture or for any other purpose, pay, or
by Company Order direct any Paying Agent to pay, to the Trustee all sums held in
trust by the Company or such Paying Agent, such sums to be held by the Trustee
upon the same terms as those upon which such sums were held by the Company or
such Paying Agent; and, upon such payment by any Paying Agent to the Trustee,
such Paying Agent shall be released from all further liability with respect to
such sums.
Except as otherwise provided in the Securities of any series, any money
deposited with the Trustee or any Paying Agent, or then held by the Company in
trust for the payment of the principal of (and premium, if any) or interest on,
or any Additional Amounts in respect of, any Security of any series and
remaining unclaimed for two years after such principal (and premium, if any),
interest or Additional Amounts has become due and payable shall be paid to the
Company upon Company Request or (if then held by the Company) shall be
discharged from
<PAGE> 67
such trust; and the Holder of such Security shall thereafter, as an unsecured
general creditor, look only to the Company for payment of such principal of (and
premium, it any) or interest on, or any Additional Amounts in respect of, such
Security, without interest thereon, and all liability of the Trustee or such
Paying Agent with respect to such trust money, and all liability of the Company
as trustee thereof, shall thereupon cease; provided, however, that the Trustee
or such Paying Agent, before being required to make any such repayment, may at
the expense of the Company cause to be published once, in an Authorized
Newspaper, notice that such money remains unclaimed and that, after a date
specified therein, which shall not be less than 30 days from the date of such
publication, any unclaimed balance of such money then remaining will be repaid
to the Company.
SECTION 1004. Existence. Subject to Article Eight, the Company will do
or cause to be done all things necessary to preserve and keep in full force and
effect its existence, rights (declaration and statutory) and franchises;
provided, however, that the Company shall not be required to preserve any right
or franchise if the Board shall determine that the preservation thereof is no
longer desirable in the conduct of the business of the Company and that the loss
thereof is not disadvantageous in any material respect to the Holders.
SECTION 1005. Provision of Financial Information. Whether or not the
Company is subject to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, the Company will, to the extent permitted under the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934, file with the Commission the annual reports, quarterly reports and
other documents which the Company would have been required to file with the
Commission pursuant to such Section 13 or 15(d) (the "Financial Statements") if
the Company were so subject, such documents to be filed with the Commission on
or prior to the respective dates (the "Required Filing Dates") by which the
Company would have been required so to file such documents if the Company were
so subject.
The Company also will in any event (i) within 15 days of each Required
Filing Date (ii) transmit by mail to all Holders, as their names and addresses
appear in the Security Register, without cost to such Holders copies of the
annual reports and quarterly reports which the Company would have been required
to file with the Commission pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 if the Company were subject to such Sections, and (iii)
file with the Trustee copies of the annual reports, quarterly reports and other
documents which the Company would have been required to file with the Commission
pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 if the
Company were subject to such Sections and (iv) if filing such documents by the
Company with the Commission is not permitted under the Securities Exchange Act
of 1934, promptly upon written request and payment of the reasonable cost of
duplication and delivery, supply copies of such documents to any prospective
Holder.
SECTION 1006. Statement as to Compliance. The Company will deliver to
the Trustee, within 120 days after the end of each fiscal year, a brief
certificate from the principal executive officer, principal financial officer or
principal accounting officer as to his or her knowledge of the Company's
compliance with all conditions and covenants under this Indenture and in the
event of any noncompliance, specifying such noncompliance and the nature and
status thereof.
<PAGE> 68
For purposes of this Section 1006, such compliance shall be determined without
regard to any period of grace or requirement of notice under this Indenture.
SECTION 1007. Maintenance of Properties. The Company shall cause all of
its material properties used or useful in the conduct -of its business or the
business of any Subsidiary to be maintained and kept in good condition, repair
and working order and supplied with all necessary equipment and will cause to be
made all necessary repairs, renewals, replacements, betterments and improvements
thereof, all as in the judgment of the Company may be necessary so that the
business carried on in connection therewith may be properly and advantageously
conducted at all times; provided, however, notwithstanding anything herein to
the contrary, the Company and its Subsidiaries may sell or otherwise dispose of
any of their properties for value in the ordinary course of business.
SECTION 1008. Insurance. The Company shall cause each of its properties
and each of the properties of its Subsidiaries to be insured against loss of
damage with insurers of recognized responsibility, in amounts and with insurers
having a specified rating from a recognized insurance rating service as may be
specified as contemplated by Section 301.
SECTION 1009. Payment of Taxes and Other Claims. The Company shall pay
or discharge or cause to be paid or discharged, before the same shall become
delinquent (i) all taxes, assessments and governmental charges levied or imposed
upon the Company or any Subsidiary or upon the income, profits or property of
the Company or any Subsidiary, and (ii) all lawful claims for labor, materials
and supplies which, if unpaid, might by law become a lien upon property of the
Company or any Subsidiary; provided, however, notwithstanding anything herein to
the contrary, the Company shall not be required to pay or discharge or cause to
be paid or discharged any tax, assessment, charge or claim whose amount or
applicability is being contested in good faith.
SECTION 1010. Additional Amounts. If any Securities of a series provide
for the payment of Additional Amounts, the Company will pay to the Holder of any
Security of such series or any upon appertaining thereto Additional Amounts as
may be specified as contemplated by Section 301. Whenever in this Indenture
there is mentioned, in any context except in the case of Section 502(l), the
payment of the principal of or any premium or interest on, or in respect of, any
Security of any series or payment of any related coupon or the net proceeds
received on the statement or exchange of any Security of any series, such
mention shall be deemed to include mention of the payment of Additional Amounts
provided by the terms of such series established pursuant to Section 301 to the
extent that, in such context, Additional Amounts are, were or would be payable
in respect thereof pursuant to such terms and express mention of the payment of
Additional Amounts (if applicable) in any provisions hereof shall not be
construed as excluding Additional Amounts in those provisions hereof where such
express mention is not made.
Except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301, if the
Securities of a series provide for the payment of Additional Amounts, at least
20 days prior to the first Interest Payment Date with respect to that series of
Securities (or if the Securities of that series will not
<PAGE> 69
bear interest prior to Maturity, the first day on which a payment of principal
and any premium is made), and at least 10 days prior to each date of payment of
principal and any premium or interest if there has been any change with respect
to the matters set forth in the below-mentioned Officers' Certificate, the
Company will furnish the Trustee and the Company's principal Paying Agent or
Paying Agents, if other than the Trustee, with an Officers' Certificate
instructing the Trustee and such Paying Agent or Paying Agents whether such
payment of principal of and an premium or interest on the Securities of that
series shall be made to Holders of Securities of that series or any related
coupons who are not United States persons without withholding for or on account
of any tax, assessment or other governmental charge described in the Securities
of the series. If any such withholding shall be required, then such Officers
Certificate shall specify by country the amount, if any, required to be withheld
on such payments to such Holders of Securities of that series or related coupons
and the Company will pay to the Trustee or such Paying Agent the Additional
Amounts required by the terms of such Securities. In the event that the Trustee
or any Paying Agent, as the case may be, shall not so receive the
above-mentioned certificate, then the Trustee or such Paving Agent shall be
entitled (i) to assume that no such withholding or deduction is required with
respect to any payment of principal or interest with respect to any Securities
of a series or related coupons until it shall have received a certificate
advising otherwise and (ii) to make all payments of principal and interest with
respect to the Securities of a series or related coupons without withholding or
deductions until otherwise advised. The Company covenants to indemnify the
Trustee and any Paying Agent for, and to hold them harmless against, any loss,
liability or expense reasonably incurred without negligence or bad faith on
their part arising out of or in connection with actions taken or omitted by any
of them or in reliance on any officers, Certificate furnished pursuant to this
Section or in reliance on the Company's not furnishing such an Officers'
Certificate.
SECTION 1011. Waiver of Certain Covenants. The Company may omit in any
particular instance to comply with any term, provision or condition set forth in
Sections 1004 or 1005, if before or after the time for such compliance the
Holders of at least a majority in principal amount of all Outstanding Securities
of each series, by Act of such Holders, either waive such compliance in such
instance or generally waive compliance with such covenant or condition, but no
such waiver shall extend to or affect such covenant or condition except to the
extent so expressly waived, and, until such waiver shall become effective, the
obligations of the Company and the duties of the Trustee in respect of an such
term, provision or condition shall remain in full force and effect.
ARTICLE ELEVEN
REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES
SECTION 1101. Applicability of Article. Securities of any series which
are redeemable before their Stated Maturity shall be redeemable in accordance
with their terms and (except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section
301 for Securities of any series) in accordance with this Article.
<PAGE> 70
SECTION 1102. Election to Redeem; Notice to Trustee. The election of the
Company to redeem any Securities shall be evidenced by or pursuant to a Board
Resolution. In case of any redemption at the election of the Company of less
than all of the Securities of any series, the Company shall, at least 45 days
prior to the giving of the notice of redemption in Section 1104 (unless a
shorter notice shall be satisfactory to the Trustee in its sole discretion),
notify the Trustee of such Redemption Date and of the principal amount of
Securities of such series to be redeemed. In the case of any redemption of
Securities prior to the expiration of any restriction on such redemption
provided in the terms of such Securities or elsewhere in this Indenture, the
Company shall furnish the Trustee with an Officers' Certificate evidencing
compliance with such restriction.
SECTION 1103. Selection by Trustee of Securities to Be Redeemed. If less
than all the Securities of any series are to be redeemed, the particular
Securities to be redeemed shall be selected not more than 60 days prior to the
Redemption Date by the Trustee, from the Outstanding Securities of such series
not previously called for redemption, by such method as the Trustee shall deem
fair and appropriate and which may provide for the selection for redemption of
portions (equal to the minimum authorized denomination for Securities of that
series or any integral multiple thereof) of the principal amount of Securities
of such series or a denomination larger than the minimum authorized denomination
for Securities of that series.
The Trustee shall promptly notify the Company and the Security Registrar
(if other than itself) in writing of the Securities selected for redemption and,
in the case of any Securities selected for partial redemption, the principal
amount thereof to be redeemed.
For all purposes of this Indenture, unless the context otherwise
requires, all provisions relating to the redemption of Securities shall relate,
in the case of any Security redeemed or to be redeemed only in part, to the
portion of the principal amount of such Security which has been or is to be
redeemed.
SECTION 1104. Notice of Redemption. Notice of redemption shall be given
in the manner provided in Section 106 and may be further specified in an
indenture supplemental hereto, not less than 30 days nor more than 60 days prior
to the Redemption Date, unless a shorter period is specified by the terms of
such series established pursuant to Section 301, to each Holder of Securities to
be redeemed, but failure to give such notice in the manner herein provided to
the Holder any Security designated for redemption as a whole or in part, or any
defect in the notice to any such Holder, shall not affect the validity of the
proceedings for the redemption of any other such Security or portion thereof.
Any notice that is mailed to the Holders of Registered Securities in the
manner herein provided shall be conclusively presumed to have been duly given,
whether or not a Holder receives the notice.
All notices of redemption shall state:
(1) the Redemption Date,
<PAGE> 71
(2) the Redemption Price, accrued interest to the Redemption Date
payable as provided in Section 1106, if any, and Additional Amounts, if
any,
(3) if less than all Outstanding Securities of any series are to
be redeemed, the identification (and, in the case of partial redemption,
the principal amount) of the particular Security or Securities to be
redeemed,
(4) in case any Security is to be redeemed in part only, the
notice which relates to such Security shall state that on and after the
Redemption Date, upon surrender of such Security, the holder will
receive, without charge, a new Security or Securities of authorized
denominations for the principal amount thereof remaining unredeemed,
(5) that on the Redemption Date the Redemption Price and accrued
interest to the Redemption Date payable as provided in Section 1106, if
any, will become due and payable upon each such Security, or the portion
thereof, to be redeemed and, if applicable, that interest thereon shall
cease to accrue on and after said date,
(6) the Place or Places of Payment where such Securities,
together in the case of Bearer Securities with all coupons appertaining
thereto, if any, maturing after the Redemption Date, are to be
surrendered for payment of the Redemption Price and accrued interest, if
any, or for conversion,
(7) that the redemption is for a sinking fund, if such is the
case,
(8) that unless otherwise specified in such notice, Bearer
Securities of any series, if any, surrendered for redemption must be
accompanied by all coupons maturing subsequent to the Redemption Date or
the amount of any such missing coupon or coupons will be deducted from
the Redemption Price, unless security or indemnity satisfactory to the
Company, the Trustee for such series and any Paying Agent is furnished,
(9) if Bearer Securities of any series are to be redeemed and any
Registered Securities of any such series are not to be redeemed, and if
such Bearer Securities may be exchanged for Registered Securities not
subject to redemption on this Redemption Date pursuant to Section 305 or
otherwise, the last date, as determined by the Company, on which such
exchanges may be made,
(10) the CUSIP number of such Security, if any, and
(11) if applicable, that a Holder of Securities who desires to
convert Securities for redemption must satisfy the requirements for
conversion contained in such Securities, the then existing conversion
price or rate, and the date and time when the option to convert shall
expire.
<PAGE> 72
Notice of redemption of Securities to be redeemed shall be given by the
Company or, at the Company's request, by the Trustee in the name and at the
expense of the Company.
SECTION 1105. Deposit of Redemption Price. On or prior to 11:00 a.m.
Pacific Standard Time on the date prior to any Redemption Date, the Company
shall deposit with the Trustee or with a Paying Agent (or, if the Company is
acting as its own Paying Agent, which it may not do in the case of a sinking
fund payment under Article Twelve, segregate and hold in trust as provided in
Section 1003) an amount of money in the currency or currencies, currency unit or
units or composite currency or currencies in which the Securities of such series
are payable (except as otherwise specified pursuant to Section 301 for the
Securities of such series) sufficient to pa on the Redemption Date the
Redemption Price of, and (except if the Redemption Date shall be an Interest
Payment Date) accrued interest on, all the Securities or portions thereof which
are to be redeemed on that date.
SECTION 1106. Securities Payable on Redemption Date. Notice of
redemption having been given as aforesaid, the Securities so to be redeemed
shall, on the Redemption Date, become due and payable at the Redemption Price
therein specified in the currency or currencies, currency unit or units or
composite currency or currencies in which the Securities of such series are
payable (except as otherwise specified pursuant to Section 301 for the
Securities of such series) (together with accrued interest, if any, to the
Redemption Date), and from and after such date (unless the Company shall default
in the payment of the Redemption Price and accrued interest) such Securities
shall, if the same were interest-bearing, cease to bear interest and the coupons
for such interest appertaining to any Bearer Securities so to be redeemed,
except to the extent provided below, shall be void. Upon surrender of any such
Security for redemption in accordance with said notice, together with all
coupons if any, appertaining thereto maturing after the Redemption Date, such
Security shall be paid by the Company at the Redemption Price, together with
accrued interest, if any, to the Redemption Date; provided, however, that
installments of interest on Bearer Securities whose Stated Maturity is on or
prior to the Redemption Date shall be payable only at an office or agency
located outside the United States (except as otherwise provided in Section 1002)
and, unless otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301, only upon
representation and surrender of coupons for such interest; and proved further
that, except as otherwise provided with respect to Securities convertible into
Common Stock or Preferred Stock, installments of interest on Registered
Securities whose Stated Maturity is on or prior to the Redemption Date shall be
payable to the Holders of such Securities, or one or more predecessor Securities
registered as such at the close of business on the relevant Record Dates
according to their terms and the provisions of Section 307 if any Bearer
Security surrendered for redemption shall not be accompanied by all appurtenant
coupons maturing after the Redemption Date, such Security may be paid after
deducting from the Redemption Price an amount equal to the face amount of all
such missing coupons, or the surrender of such missing coupon or coupons may be
waived by the Company and the Trustee if there be furnished to them such
security or indemnity as they may require to save each of them and any Paying
Agent harmless if thereafter the Holder of such Security shall surrender to the
Trustee or any Paying Agent any such missing coupon in respect of which a
deduction shall have been made from the Redemption Price, such Holder shall be
entitled to receive the amount so deducted; provided, however, that interest
represented by coupons shall be payable only at an office or agency
<PAGE> 73
located outside the United States (except as otherwise provided in Section 1002)
and, unless otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301, only upon
presentation and surrender of those coupons.
If an Security called for redemption shall not be so paid upon surrender
thereof for redemption, the principal (and premium, if any) shall, until paid,
bear interest from the Redemption Date at the rate borne by the Security.
SECTION 1107. Securities Redeemed in Part. Any Registered Security which
is to be redeemed only in part (pursuant to the provisions of this Article or of
Article Twelve).shall be surrendered at a Place of Payment therefor (with, if
the Company or the Trustee so requires, due endorsement by, or a written
instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Company and the Trustee duly
executed by the Holder thereof or his attorney duly authorized in writing) and
the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver to the
Holder of such Security without charge a new Security or Securities of the same
series, of any authorized denomination as requested by such Holder in aggregate
principal amount equal to and in exchange for the unredeemed portion of the
principal of the Security so surrendered.
ARTICLE TWELVE
SINKING FUNDS
SECTION 1201. Applicability of Article. The provisions of this Article
shall be applicable to any sinking fund for the retirement of Securities of a
series except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301 for
Securities of such series.
The minimum amount of any sinking fund payment provided for by the terms
of Securities of any series is herein referred to as a "mandatory sinking fund
payment", and any payment in excess of such minimum amount provided for by the
terms of such Securities of any series is herein referred to as an "optional
sinking fund payment". If provided for by the terms of any Securities of any
series, the cash amount of any mandatory sinking fund payment may be subject to
reduction as provided in Section 1202. Each sinking fund payment shall be
applied to the redemption of Securities of any series as provided for by the
terms of Securities of such series.
SECTION 1202. Satisfaction of Sinking Fund Payments with Securities. The
Company may, in satisfaction of all or any part of any mandatory sinking fund
payment with respect to the Securities of a series, (1) deliver Outstanding
Securities of such series (other than any previously called for redemption)
together in the case of any Bearer Securities of such series with any unmatured
coupons appertaining thereto and (2) apply as a credit Securities of such series
which have been redeemed either at the election of the Company pursuant to the
terms of such Securities or through the application of permitted optional
sinking fund payments pursuant to the terms of such Securities, as provided for
by the terms of such Securities, or which have otherwise been acquired by the
Company; provided that such Securities so delivered or applied as a credit have
not been previously so credited. Such Securities shall be received and credited
for such purpose by the Trustee at the applicable Redemption Price specified in
such Securities for
<PAGE> 74
redemption through operation of the sinking fund and the amount of such
mandatory sinking fund payment shall be reduced accordingly.
SECTION 1203. Redemption of Securities for Sinking Fund. Not less than
60 days prior to each sinking fund payment date for Securities of any series,
the Company will deliver to the Trustee an Officers' Certificate specifying the
amount of the next ensuing mandatory sinking fund payment for that series
pursuant to the terms of that series, or portion thereof, if any, which is to be
satisfied by payment of cash in the currency or currencies, currency unit or
units or composite currency or currencies in which the Securities of such series
are payable except as otherwise specified pursuant to Section 301 for the
Securities of such series) and the portion thereof, if any, which is to be
satisfied by delivering and crediting Securities of that series pursuant to
Section 1202, and the optional amount, if any, to be added in cash to the next
ensuing mandatory sinking fund payment, and will also deliver to the Trustee any
Securities to be so delivered and credited. If such Officers' Certificate shall
specify an optional amount to be added in cash to the next ensuing mandatory
sinking fund payment, the Company shall thereupon be obligated to pay the amount
therein specified. Not less than 30 days before each such sinking fund payment
date the Trustee shall select the Securities to be redeemed upon such sinking
fund payment date in the manner specified in Section 1103 and cause notice of
the redemption thereto to be given in the name of and at the expense of the
Company in the manner provided in Section 1104. Such notice having been duly
given, the redemption of such Securities shall be made upon the terms and in the
manner stated in Sections 1106 and 1107.
ARTICLE THIRTEEN
REPAYMENT AT THE OPTION OF HOLDERS
SECTION 1301. Applicability of Article. Repayment of Securities of any
series before their Stated Maturity at the option of Holders thereof shall be
made in accordance with the terms of such Securities, if any, and except as
otherwise specified by the terms of such series established pursuant to Section
301 in accordance with this Article.
SECTION 1302. Repayment of Securities. Securities of any series subject
to repayment in whole or in part at the option of the Holders thereof will,
unless otherwise provided in the terms of such Securities, be repaid at a price
equal to the principal amount thereof, together with interest, if any, thereon
accrued to the Repayment Date specified in or pursuant to the terms of such
Securities. The Company covenants that on or the day prior to the Repayment Date
it will deposit with the Trustee or with a Paying Agent (or, if the Company is
acting as its own Paying Agent, segregate and hold in trust as provided in
Section 1003) an amount of money in the currency or currencies, currency unit or
units or composite currency or currencies in which the Securities of such series
are payable (except as otherwise specified pursuant to Section 301 for the
Securities of such series) sufficient to pay the principal (or, if so provided
by the terms of the Securities of any series, a percentage of the principal) of,
and (except if the Repayment Date shall be an Interest Payment Date) accrued
interest on, all the Securities or portions thereof, as the case may be, to be
repaid on such date.
<PAGE> 75
SECTION 1303. Exercise of Option. Securities of any series subject to
repayment at the option of the Holders thereof will contain an "Option to Elect
Repayment" form on the reverse of such Securities. In order for any Security to
be repaid at the option of the Holder, the Trustee must receive at the Place of
Payment therefor specified in the terms of such Security (or at such other place
or places of which the Company shall from time to time notify the Holders of
such Securities) not earlier than 60 days nor later than 30 days prior to the
Repayment Date (1) the Security so providing for any such repayment together
with the "Option to Elect Repayment" form on the reverse thereof duly completed
by the Holder or by the Holder's attorney duly authorized in writing or (2) a
telegram, telex, facsimile transmission or a letter from a member of a national
securities exchange, or the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc.
("NASD"), or a commercial bank or trust company in the United States setting
forth the name of the Holder of the Security, the principal amount of the
Security, the principal amount of the security to be repaid, the CUSIP number,
if any, or a description of the tenor and terms of the Security, a statement
that the option to elect repayment is being exercised thereby and a guarantee
that the Security to be repaid, together with the duly completed form entitled
"Option to Elect Repayment" on the reverse of the Security, will be received by
the Trustee not later than the fifth Business Day after the date of such
telegram, telex, facsimile transmission or letter; provided, however, that such
telegram, telex, facsimile transmission or letter shall only be effective if
such Security and form duly completed are received by the Trustee by such fifth
Business Day. If less than the entire principal amount of such Security is to be
repaid in accordance with the terms of such Security, the principal amount of
such Security to be repaid, in increments of the minimum denomination for
Securities of such series, shall be stated in a writing accompanying such
Security. Except as otherwise may be provided by the terms of any Security
providing for repayment at the option of the Holder thereof, exercise of the
repayment option by the Holder shall be irrevocable unless waived by the
Company.
SECTION 1304. When Securities Presented for Recipient Become Due and
Payable. If Securities of any series providing for repayment at the option of
the Holders thereof shall have been surrendered as provided in this Article and
as provided by or pursuant to the terms of such Securities, such Securities or
the portions thereof, as the case may be, to be repaid shall become due and
payable and shall be paid by the Company on the Repayment Date therein
specified, and on and after such Repayment Date (unless the Company shall
default in the payment of such Securities on such Repayment Date) such
Securities shall, if the same were interest-bearing, cease to bear interest and
the coupons for such interest appertaining to any Bearer Securities so to be
repaid, except to the extent provided below, shall be void. Upon surrender of
any such Security for repayment in accordance with such provisions, together
with all coupons, if any, appertaining thereto maturing after the Repayment
Date, the principal amount of such Security so to be repaid shall be paid by the
Company, together with accrued interest, if any, to the Repayment Date;
provided, however, that coupons whose Stated Maturity is on or prior to the
Repayment Date shall be payable only at an office or agency located outside the
United States (except as otherwise provided in Section 1002) and, unless
otherwise specified pursuant to Section 301, only upon presentation and
surrender of such coupons; and provided further that, in the case of Registered
Securities, installments of interest, if any, whose Stated Maturity is on or
prior to the Repayment Date shall be payable (but without interest thereon,
unless the Company shall default in the payment thereof) to the Holders of such
Securities, or one or more
<PAGE> 76
predecessor Securities, registered as such as the close of business on the
relevant Record Dates according to their terms and the provisions of Section
307.
If any Bearer Security surrendered for repayment shall not be
accompanied by all appurtenant coupons maturing after the Repayment Date, such
Security may be paid after deducting from the amount payable therefor as
provided in Section 1302 an amount equal to the face amount of all such missing
coupons, or the surrender of such missing coupon or coupons may be waived by the
Company and the Trustee if there be furnished to them such security or indemnity
as they may require to save each of them and any Paying Agent harmless. If
thereafter the Holder of such Security shall surrender to the Trustee or any
Paying Agent any such missing coupon in respect of which a deduction shall have
been made as provided in the preceding sentence, such Holder shall be entitled
to receive the amount so deducted; provided, however, that interest represented
by coupons shall be payable only at an office or agency located outside the
United States (except as otherwise provided in Section 1002) and, unless
otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 3 0 1, only upon presentation and
surrender of those coupons.
If the principal amount of any Security surrendered for repayment shall
not be so repaid upon surrender thereof, such principal amount (together with
interest, if any, thereon accrued to such Repayment Date) shall, until paid,
bear interest from the Repayment Date at the rate of interest or Yield to
Maturity (in the case of Original Issue Discount Securities) set forth in such
Security.
SECTION 1305. Securities Repaid in Part. Upon surrender of any
Registered Security which is to be repaid in part only, the Company shall
execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver to the Holder of such
Security, without charge and at the expense of the Company, a new Registered
Security or Securities of the same series, of any authorized denomination
specified by the Holder, in an aggregate principal amount equal to and in
exchange for the portion of the principal of such Security so surrendered which
is not to be repaid.
ARTICLE FOURTEEN
DEFEASANCE AND COVENANT DEFEASANCE
SECTION 1401. Applicability of Article; Company's Option to Effect
Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance. If pursuant to Section 301, provision is made
for either or both of (a) defeasance of the Securities of a series under Section
1402 or (b) covenant defeasance of the Securities of a series under Section
1403, then the provisions of such Section or Sections, as the case may be,
together with the other provisions of this Article (with such modifications
thereto as may be specified pursuant to Section 301 with respect to any
Securities), shall be applicable to such Securities and any coupons appertaining
thereto, and the Company may at its option by Board Resolution, at any time,
with respect to such Securities and any coupons appertaining thereto, elect to
have Section 1402 (if applicable) or Section 1403 (if applicable) be applied to
such Outstanding Securities and any coupons appertaining thereto upon compliance
with the conditions set forth below in this Article.
<PAGE> 77
SECTION 1402. Defeasance and Discharge. Upon the Company's exercise of
the above option applicable to this Section with respect to any Securities of a
series, the Company shall be deemed to have been discharged from its obligations
with respect to such Outstanding Securities and any coupons appertaining thereto
on the date the conditions set forth in Section 1404 are satisfied (hereinafter,
"defeasance"). For this purpose, such defeasance means that the Company shall be
deemed to have paid and discharged the entire indebtedness represented by such
Outstanding Securities and any coupons appertaining thereto, which shall
thereafter be deemed to be "Outstanding" only for the purposes of Section 1405
and the other Sections of this Indenture referred to in clauses (A) and (B)
below, and to have satisfied all of its other obligations under such Securities
and coupons appertaining thereto and this Indenture insofar as such Securities
and any coupons appertaining thereto are concerned (and the Trustee, at the
expense of the Company, shall execute proper instruments acknowledging the
same), except for the following which shall survive until otherwise terminated
or discharged hereunder: (A) the rights of Holders of such Outstanding
Securities and any coupons appertaining thereto to receive, solely from the
trust fund described in Section 1404 and as more fully set forth in such
Section, payments in respect of the principal of (and premium, if any) and
interest, if any, on such Securities and any coupons appertaining thereto when
such payments are due, (B) the Company's obligations with respect to such
Securities under Sections 305, 306, 1002 and 1003 and with respect to the
payment of Additional Amounts, if any, on such Securities as contemplated by
Section 1010, (C) the rights, powers, trusts, duties and immunities of the
Trustee hereunder and (D) this Article Fourteen. Subject to compliance with this
Article Fourteen, the Company may exercise its option under this Section
notwithstanding the prior exercise of its option under Section 1403 with respect
to such Securities and any coupons appertaining thereto.
SECTION 1403. Covenant Defeasance. Upon the Company's exercise of the
above option applicable to this Section with respect to any Securities of a
series, the Company shall be released from its obligations under Sections 1004
and 1005 and, if specified pursuant to Section 301, its obligations under any
other covenant, with respect to such Outstanding Securities and any coupons
appertaining thereto on and after the date the conditions set forth in Section
1404 are satisfied (hereinafter, "covenant defeasance"), and such Securities and
any coupons appertaining thereto shall thereafter be deemed to be not
"Outstanding" for the purposes of any direction, waiver, consent or declaration
or Act of Holders (and the consequences of any thereof) in connection with
Sections 1004 and 1605 or such other covenant, but shall continue to be deemed
"Outstanding" for all other purposes hereunder. For this purpose, such covenant
defeasance means that, with respect to such Outstanding Securities and any
coupons appertaining thereto, the Company may omit to comply with and shall have
no liability in respect of any term, condition or limitation set forth in any
such Section or such other covenant, whether directly or indirectly, by reason
of any reference elsewhere herein to an such Section or such other covenant or
by reason of reference in any such Section or such other covenant to any other
provision herein or in any other document and such omission to comply shall not
constitute a default or an Event of Default under Section 501(4) or 501(9) or
otherwise, as the case may be, but except as specified above, the remainder of
this Indenture and such Securities and any coupons appertaining thereto shall be
unaffected thereby.
<PAGE> 78
SECTION 1404. Conditions to Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance. The
following shall be the conditions to application of Section 1402 or Section 1403
to any Outstanding Securities of a series and any coupons appertaining thereto:
(a) The Company shall irrevocably have deposited or caused to be
deposited with the Trustee (or another trustee satisfying the
requirements of Section 601 who shall agree to comply with the
provisions of this Article Fourteen applicable to it) as trust funds in
trust for the purpose of making the following payments, specifically
pledged as security for, and dedicated solely to, the benefit of the
Holders of such Securities and any coupons appertaining thereto, (1) an
amount in such currency, currencies or currency unit in which such
Securities and any coupons appertaining hereto are then specified as
payable at Stated Maturity) which through the scheduled payment of
principal and interest in respect thereof in accordance with their terms
will provide, not later than one day before the due date of any payment
of principal of (and premium, if any) and interest, it any, on such
Securities and any coupons appertaining thereto, or (2) a combination of
currency, currencies or currency units in an amount, sufficient, in the
opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public
accountants expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to
the Trustee, to pay and discharge, and which shall be applied by the
Trustee (or other qualifying trustee) to pay and discharge, (i) the
principal (and premium, if any) and interest, if any, on such
Outstanding Securities and any coupons appertaining thereto on the
Stated Maturity of such principal or installment of principal or
interest and (ii) any mandatory sinking fund Payments or analogous
payments applicable to such Outstanding Securities any coupons
appertaining thereto on the day on which such payments are due and
payable in accordance with the terms of this Indenture and of such
Securities and any coupons appertaining thereto.
(b) Such defeasance or covenant defeasance shall not result in a
breach or violation of, or constitute a default under, this Indenture or
any other material agreement or instrument to which the Company is a
party or by which it is bound.
(c) No Event of Default or event which with notice or lapse of
time or both would become an Event of Default with respect to such
Securities and any coupons appertaining thereto shall have occurred and
be continuing on the date of such deposit or, insofar as Sections 501(6)
and 501(7) are concerned, at any time during the period ending on the
91st day after the date of such deposit (it being understood that this
condition shall not be deemed satisfies until the expiration of such
period).
(d) In the case of an election under Section 1402, the Company
shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel stating that
(i) the Company has received from, or there has been published by, the
Internal Revenue Service a ruling, or (ii) since the date of execution
of this Indenture, there has been a change in the applicable Federal
income tax law, in either case to the effect that, and
<PAGE> 79
based thereon such opinion shall confirm that, the Holders of such
Outstanding Securities and any coupons appertaining thereto will not
recognize income, gain or loss or Federal income tax purposes as a
result of such defeasance and will be subject to Federal income tax on
the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have
been the case if such defeasance had not occurred.
(e) In the case of an election under Section 1403, the Company
shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel to the effect
that the Holders of such Outstanding Securities and any coupons
appertaining thereto will not recognize income, gain or loss for Federal
income tax purposes as a result of such covenant defeasance and will be
subject to Federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner
and at the same times as would have been the case if such covenant
defeasance had not occurred.
(f) The Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officers'
Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions
precedent to the defeasance under Section 1402 or the covenant
defeasance under Section 1403 (as the case may be) have been complied
with and an Opinion of Counsel to the effect that either (i) as a result
of a deposit pursuant to subsection (a) above and the related exercise
of the Company's option under Section 1402 or Section 1403 (as the case
may be), registration is not required under the Investment Company Act
of 1940, as amended, by the Company, with respect to the trust funds
representing such deposit or by the Trustee for such trust funds or (ii)
all necessary registrations under said Act have been effected.
(g) Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Section, such
defeasance or covenant defeasance shall be effected in compliance with
any additional or substitute terms, conditions or limitations which may
be imposed on the Company in connection therewith pursuant to Section
301.
SECTION 1405. Deposited Money and Government Obligations to Be Held in
Trust; Other Miscellaneous Provisions. Subject to the provisions of the last
paragraph of Section 1003, all money and Government Obligations (or other
property as may be provided pursuant to Section 301) (including the Proceeds
thereof) deposited with the Trustee (or other qualifying trustee, collectively
for purposes of this Section 1405, the "Trustee") pursuant to Section 1404 in
respect of any Outstanding Securities of any series and any coupons appertaining
thereto shall be held in trust and applied by the Trustee, in accordance with
the provisions of such Securities and any coupons appertaining thereto and this
Indenture, to the payment, either directly or through any Paying Agent (but not
in any event including the Company acting as its own Paying Agent) as the
Trustee may determine, to the Holders of such Securities and any coupons
appertaining thereto of all sums due and to become due thereon in respect of
principal (and if any premium) and interest an Additional Amounts, if any, but
such money be not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required
by law.
<PAGE> 80
Unless otherwise specified with respect to an Security pursuant to
Section 301, if, after a deposit referred to in Section 1404(a) has been made,
(a) the Holder of a Security in respect of which such deposit was made is
entitled to, and does, elect pursuant to Section 301 or the terms of such
Security to receive payment in a currency or currency unit other than that in
which the deposit pursuant to Section 1404(a) has been made in respect of such
Security, or (b) a Conversion Event occurs in respect of the currency or
currency unit in which the deposit pursuant to Section 1404(a) has been made,
the indebtedness represented by such Security and any coupons appertaining
thereto shall be deemed to have been, and will be fully discharged and satisfied
through the payment of the principal of (and premium, if any), and interest, if
any, on such Security as the same becomes due out of the proceeds yielded by
converting (from time to time as specified below in the case of any such
election) the amount or other property deposited in respect of such Security
into the currency or currency unit in which such Security becomes payable as a
result of such election based on the applicable market exchange rate for such
currency or currency unit in effect on the second Business Day prior to each
payment date, or, with respect to a Conversion Event, in effect for such
currency or currency unit (as nearly as feasible) at the time of the Conversion
Event.
The Company shall pay and indemnify the Trustee against any tax, fee or
other charge imposed on or assessed against the Government Obligations deposited
pursuant to Section 1404 or the principal and interest received in respect
thereof other than any such tax, fee or other charge which bylaw is for the
account of the Holders of such Outstanding Securities and any coupons
appertaining thereto.
ARTICLE FIFTEEN
MEETINGS OF HOLDERS OF SECURITIES
SECTION 1501. Purposes for Which Meetings May Be Called. A meeting of
Holders of Securities of any series may be called at any time and from time to
time pursuant to this Article to make give or take any request, demand,
authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action provided by
this Indenture to be made, given or taken by Holders of Securities of such
series.
SECTION 1502. Call, Notice and Place of Meetings.
(a) The Trustee may at any time call a meeting of Holders of Securities
of any series for any purpose specified in Section 1501, to be held at such time
and at such place in the City of Los Angeles, or in London as the Trustee shall
determine. Notice of every meeting of Holders of Securities of any series,
setting forth the time and the place of such meeting and in general terms the
action proposed to be taken at such meeting, shall be given, in the manner
provided in Section 106, not less than 21 nor more than 180 days prior to the
date fixed for the meeting.
(b) In case at any time the Company, pursuant to a Board Resolution, or
the Holders of at least ten percent (10%) in principal amount of the Outstanding
Securities of any series shall have requested the Trustee to call a meeting of
the Holders of Securities of such series for any purpose specified in Section
1501, by written request setting forth in reasonable detail the action
<PAGE> 81
proposed to be taken at the meeting, and the Trustee shall not have made the
first mailing of the notice of such meeting within 21 days after receipt of such
request or shall not thereafter proceed to cause the meeting to be held as
provided herein, then the Company or the Holders of Securities of such series in
the amount above specified, as the case may be, may determine the time and the
place in the City of Los Angeles, or in London for such meeting and may call
such meeting for such purposes of waiving notice thereof as provided in
subsection (a) of this Section.
SECTION 1503. Persons Entitled to Vote at Meetings. To be entitled to
vote at any meeting of Holders of Securities of any series, a Person shall be
(1) a Holder of one or more Outstanding Securities of such series, or (2) a
Person appointed by an instrument in writing as proxy for a Holder or Holders of
one or more Outstanding Securities of such series by such Holder or Holders. The
only Persons who shall be entitled to be present or to speak at any meeting of
Holders of Securities of any series shall be the Persons entitled to vote at
such meeting and their counsel, any representatives of the Trustee and its
counsel and any representatives of the Company and its counsel.
SECTION 1504. Quorum; Action. The Persons entitled to vote a majority in
principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of a series shall constitute a
quorum for a meeting of Holders of Securities of such series; provided, however,
that if any action is to be taken at such meeting with respect to a consent or
waiver which this Indenture expressly provides may be given by the Holders of
not less than a specified percentage in principal amount of the Outstanding
Securities of a series, the Persons entitled to vote such specified percentage
in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of such series shall
constitute a quorum. In the absence of a quorum within 30 minutes after the time
appointed for any such meeting, the meeting shall, if convenes at the request of
Holders of Securities of such series, be dissolved. In any other case the
meeting may be adjourned for a period of not less than 10 days determined by the
chairman of the meeting prior to the adjournment of such meeting. In the absence
of a quorum at any such adjourned meeting, such adjourned meeting may be further
adjourned for a period of not less than 1 0 days as determined by the chairman
of the meeting prior to the adjournment of such adjourned meeting. Notice of the
reconvening of any adjourned meeting shall be given as provided in Section
1502(a), except that such notice need be given only once not less than five days
prior to the date on which the meeting is scheduled to be reconvened. Notice of
the reconvening of any adjourned meeting shall state expressly the percentage,
as provided above, of the principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of such
series which shall constitute a quorum.
Except as limited by the proviso to Section 902, any resolution
presented to a meeting or adjourned meeting duly reconvened at which a quorum is
present as aforesaid may be adopted by the affirmative vote of the Holders of a
majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of that series;
provided, however, that, except as limited by the provisions of Section 902, any
resolution with respect to any request, demand, authorization, direction,
notice, consent, waiver or other action which this Indenture expressly provides
may be made, given or taken by the Holders of a specified percentage, which is
less than a majority, in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of such
a series may be adopted at a meeting or an adjourned meeting duly reconvened and
at which a quorum is present as aforesaid by the affirmative vote of the
<PAGE> 82
Holders of such specified percentage in principal amount of the Outstanding
Securities of that series.
Any resolution passed or decision taken at any meeting of Holders of
Securities of any series duly held in accordance with this Section shall be
binding on all the Holders of Securities of such series and the related coupons,
whether or not present or represented at the meeting.
Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 1504, if any
action is to be taken at a meeting of Holders of Securities of any series with
respect to any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent,
waiver or other action that this Indenture expressly provides may be made, given
or taken by the Holders of a specified percentage in principal amount of all
Outstanding Securities affected thereby, or of the Holders of such series and
one or more additional series:
(i) there shall be no minimum quorum requirement for such
meeting; and
(ii) the principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of such
series that vote in favor of such request, demand, authorization,
direction, notice, consent,, waiver or other action shall be taken into
account in determining whether such request, demand, authorization,
direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action has been made, given
or taken under this Indenture.
SECTION 1505. Determination of Voting Rights; Conduct and Adjournment of
Meetings. (a) Notwithstanding any provisions of this Indenture, the Trustee may
make such reasonable regulations as it may deem advisable for any meeting of
Holders of Securities of a series in regard to proof of the holding of
Securities of such series and of the appointment of proxies and in regard to the
appointment and duties of inspectors of votes, the submission and examination of
proxies, certificates and other evidence of the right to vote, and such other
matters concerning the conduct of the meeting as it shall deem appropriate.
Except as otherwise permitted or required by any such regulations, the holding
of Securities shall be proved in the manner specified in Section 104 and the
appointment of any proxy shall be proved in the manner specified in Section 104
or having the nature of the Person executing the proxy witnessed or guaranteed
by any trust company, bank or banker authorized by Section 104 to certify to the
holding of Bearer Securities. Such regulations may provide that written
instruments appointing proxies, regular on their face, may be presumed valid or
genuine without the proof specified in Section 104 or other proof.
(b) The Trustee shall, by an instrument in writing appoint a
temporary chairman of the meeting, unless the meeting shall have been
called by the Company or by Holders of Securities as provided in Section
1502(b), in which case the Company or the Holders of Securities of the
series calling the meeting, as the case may be, shall in like manner
appoint a temporary chairman. A permanent chairman and a permanent
secretary of the meeting shall be elected by vote of the Persons
entitled to vote a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding
Securities of such series represented at the meeting.
<PAGE> 83
(c) At any meeting each Holder of a Security of such series or
proxy shall be entitled to one vote for each $1,000 principal amount of
the Outstanding Securities of such series held or represented by him;
provided, however, that no vote shall be cast or counted at any meeting
in respect of any Security challenged as not Outstanding and ruled by
the chairman of the meeting to be not Outstanding. The chairman of the
meeting shall have no right to vote, except as a Holder of a Security of
such series or proxy.
(d) Any meeting of Holders of Securities of any series duly
called pursuant to Section 1502 at which a quorum is present may be
adjourned from time to time by Persons entitled to vote a majority in
principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of such series
represented at the meeting, and the meeting may be so adjourned without
further notice.
SECTION 1506. Counting Votes and Recording Action of Meeting. The vote
upon any resolution submitted to any meeting of Holders of Securities of any
series shall be by written ballots on which shall be subscribed the signatures
of the Holders of Securities of such series or of their representatives by proxy
and the principal amounts and serial numbers of the Outstanding Securities of
such series held or re resented by them. The permanent chairman of the meeting
shall appoint two inspectors of votes who shall count all votes cast at the
meeting for or against any resolution and who shall make and file with the
secretary of the meeting their verified written reports in Duplicate of all
votes cast at the meeting. A record, at least in duplicate, of the proceedings
of each meeting of Holders of Securities of any Series shall be prepared by the
secretary of the meeting and there shall be attached to said record the original
reports of the inspectors of votes on any vote by ballot taken thereat and
affidavits by one or more persons having knowledge of the fact, setting forth a
copy of the notice of the meeting and showing that said notice was given as
provided in Section 1502 and, if applicable, Section 1504. Each copy shall be
signed and verified by the affidavits of the permanent chairman and secretary of
the meeting and one such copy shall be delivered to the Company and another to
the Trustee to be reserved by the Trustee, the latter to have attached thereto
the Ballots voted at the meeting. Any record so signed and verified shall be
conclusive evidence of the matters therein stated.
This Indenture may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of
which when so executed shall be deemed to be an original, but all such
counterparts shall together constitute but one and the same Indenture.
<PAGE> 84
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Indenture to be
duly executed, and the corporate seal of the Company to be hereunto affixed and
attested, as of the day and year first above written.
PACIFIC GULF PROPERTIES INC.
By:_________________________________
Title:________________________________
(Seal)
Attest:
______________________________
Title:
By:_________________________________
Title:________________________________
Attest:
______________________________
Title:
/
<PAGE> 85
EXHIBIT A-1
FORM OF CERTIFICATE TO BE GIVEN BY PERSON ENTITLED TO
RECEIVE BEARER SECURITY OR TO OBTAIN INTEREST PAYABLE
PRIOR TO THE EXCHANGE DATE
(Insert title or sufficient description of Securities to be delivered).
This is to certify that, as of the date, hereof, and except as set forth
below, the above-captioned Securities held by you for our account (i) are owned
by person(s) that are not citizens or residents of the United States , domestic
partnerships, domestic corporations or any estate or trust the income of which
is subject to United States federal income taxation regardless of its source
("United States person(s)"), (ii) are owned by United States person(s) that are
(a) foreign branches of United States financial institutions (financial
institutions, as defined in United States Treasury Regulations Section
2.165-12(c)(1)(v) are herein referred to as "financial institutions") purchasing
for their own account or for resale, or (b) United States person(s) who acquired
the Securities through foreign branches of United States financial institutions
and who hold the Securities through such United States financial institutions on
the date hereof (and in either case (a) or (b), each such United States
financial institutions hereby agrees, on its own behalf or through its agent,
that you may advise Pacific Gulf Properties Inc. or its agent that such
financial institutions will comply with the requirements of Section
165(j)(3)(A), (B) or (C) of the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as
amended, and the regulations thereunder), or (iii) are owned by United States or
foreign financial institutions) for purposes of resale during the restricted
period (as defined in United States Treasury Regulations Section
1.163-5(c)(1)(i)(D)(7), and, in addition, if the owner is a United States or
foreign financial institution described in clause (iii) above (whether or not
also described in clause (i) or (ii)), this is to further certify that such
financial institution has not acquired the Securities for purposes of resale
directly or indirectly to a United States person or to a person within the
United States or its possessions.
As used herein, "United States" means the United States of America
(including the States and the District of Columbia); and its "possessions"
include Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, Wake Island
and the Northern Mariana Islands.
We undertake to advise you promptly by tested telex on or prior to the
date on which you intend to submit your certification relating to the
above-captioned Securities held by you for our account in accordance with your
Operating Procedures if any applicable statement herein is not correct on such
date, and in the absence of any such notification it may be assumed that this
certification applies as of such date.
This certificate excepts and does not relate to (U.S.$)_______ of such
interest in the above-captioned Securities in respect of which we are not able
to certify and as to which we understand an exchange for an interest in a
permanent global Security or an exchange for and
<PAGE> 86
delivery of definitive Securities (or, if relevant, collection of any interest)
cannot be made until we do so certify.
We understand that this certificate may be required in connection with
certain tax legislation in the United States. if administrative or legal
proceedings are commenced or threatened in connection with which this
certificate is or would be relevant, we irrevocably authorize you to produce
this certificate or a copy thereof to any interested party in such proceedings.
Dated 19___
(To be dated no earlier than the 15th day prior to (i) the Exchange Date
or (ii) the relevant Interest Payment Date occurring prior to the Exchange Date,
as applicable)
(Name of Person Making Certification)
(Authorized Signatory)
-------------------------------------
Name:
Title:
<PAGE> 87
EXHIBIT A-2
FORM OF CERTIFICATE TO BE GIVEN BY EUROCLEAR AND
CEDEL S.A. IN CONNECTION WITH THE EXCHANGE OF A PORTION
OF A TEMPORARY GLOBAL SECURITY OR TO OBTAIN INTEREST
PAYABLE PRIOR TO THE EXCHANGE DATE
CERTIFICATE
(Insert title or sufficient description of Securities to be delivered)
This is to certify that, based solely on written certifications that we
have received in writing, by tested telex or by electronic transmission from
each of the persons appearing in our records as persons entitled to a portion of
the principal amount set forth below (our "Member Organizations") substantially
in the form attached hereto, as of the date hereof, (U.S.$)_____ principal
amount of the above-captioned Securities (i) is owned by person(s) that are not
citizens or residents of the United States, domestic partnerships, domestic
corporations or any estate or trust the income of which is subject to United
States Federal income taxation regardless of its source ("United States
person(s)"), (ii) is owned by United States person(s) that are (a) foreign
branches of United States financial institutions (financial institutions, as
defined in U.S. Treasury Regulations Section 1.165-12(c)(1)(v) are herein
referred to as financial institutions") purchasing for their own account or for
resale, or (b) United States person(s) who acquired the Securities through
foreign branches of United States financial institutions and who hold the
Securities through such United States financial institutions on the date thereof
(and in either case (a) or (b), each such financial institution will comply with
the requirements of Section 165(j)(3)(A), (13) or (C) of the Internal Revenue
Code of 1986, as amended, and the regulations thereunder), or (iii) is owned by
United States or foreign financial institution(s) for purposes of resale during
the restricted period (as defined in United States Treasury Regulations Section
1.163-5(c)(2)(i)(D)(7)), and, to the further effect, that financial institutions
described in clause (iii) above (whether or not also described in clause (i) or
(ii)) have certified that they have not acquired the Securities for purposes of
resale directly or indirectly to a United States person or to a person within
the United States or its possessions.
As used herein, "United States" means the United States of America
(including the States and the District of Columbia); and its "possessions"
include Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, Wake island
and the Northern Mariana Islands.
We further certify that (i) we are not making available herewith for
exchange (or, if relevant, collection of any interest) any option of the
temporary global Security representing the above-captioned Securities excepted
in the above-referenced certificates of Member Organizations and (ii) as of the
date hereof we have not received any notification from any of our Member
Organizations to the effect that the statements made by such Member
Organizations with respect to any portion of the part submitted herewith for
exchange (or, if relevant, collection of any interest) are no longer true and
cannot be relied upon as of the date hereof.
<PAGE> 88
We understand that this certification is required in connection with
certain tax legislation in the United States. if administrative or legal
proceedings are commenced or threatened in connection with which this
certificate is or would be relevant, we irrevocably authorize you to produce
this certificate or a copy thereof to any interested party in such proceedings.
Date: ____19
(To be dated no earlier than the Exchange Date or the relevant Interest
Payment Date occurring prior to the Exchange Date, as applicable)
- ---------------------------------------------------
(Morgan Guaranty Trust Company New York, Brussels Office,
as Operator of the Euroclear System)
(Cedel S.A.)
<PAGE> 1
EXHIBIT 8.1
April 10, 1997
(213) 229-7000 C 72764-00009
Pacific Gulf Properties Inc.
363 San Miguel Drive
Newport Beach, California 92660
Re: Pacific Gulf Properties Inc.
Gentlemen:
We have acted as special counsel to Pacific Gulf Properties Inc., a
Maryland corporation (the "Company"), in connection with the Registration
Statement filed on Form S-3 with the Securities and Exchange Commission (File
No. 333-23611) (the "Registration Statement") and the Prospectus forming a part
thereof (the "Prospectus") regarding the proposed offering of debt securities,
common stock, preferred stock and warrants of the Company (collectively
referred to as the "Securities") with an aggregate public offering price not to
exceed Two Hundred Fifty Million Dollars ($250,000,000).
You have requested our opinion concerning certain of the federal income
tax considerations described in the Prospectus. This opinion is based on
various assumptions, and is conditioned upon the accuracy of certain oral and
written representations made by the Company as to factual matters relating to
the Company's organization, operations, income, assets, distributions and stock
ownership. In addition, this opinion is based upon the factual representations
of the Company concerning its business and properties as set forth in the
Registration Statement and the Prospectus. We have made such legal and factual
examinations and inquiries, including an examination of originals or copies
certified or otherwise identified to our satisfaction of such documents, of
corporate records and other instruments as we have deemed necessary or
appropriate for purposes of this opinion.
We are opining herein only as to the effect of the federal income tax
laws of the United States and we express no opinion with respect to the
applicability thereto, or the effect thereon, of
<PAGE> 2
Pacific Gulf Properties Inc.
April 10, 1997
Page 2
other federal laws, the laws of any other jurisdiction or as to any matters of
municipal law or the laws of any other local agencies within any state.
In light of the foregoing, it is our opinion that:
(1) Commencing with the Company's taxable year ending December 31,
1994, the Company was organized in conformity with the requirements for
qualification as a real estate investment trust and, based on the facts,
assumptions and representations of the Company referred to above, its method of
operation has enabled, and its proposed method of operation will enable, it to
meet the requirements under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the
"Code"), for qualification and taxation as a real estate investment trust.
(2) Based on the facts, assumptions and representations of the
Company referred to above, the information in the Prospectus under the caption
"Federal Income Tax Considerations," to the extent that it constitutes matters
of law, summaries of legal matters or legal conclusions, has been reviewed by
us and is accurate in all material respects.
This opinion is based on various statutory provisions, regulations
promulgated thereunder, and interpretations thereof by the Internal Revenue
Service and the courts having jurisdiction over such matters, all as of the
date hereof. We caution that such authorities are subject to change and that
any such change may be applied retroactively. Also, any variation or
difference in the facts from those set forth in the Company's oral or written
representations may affect the conclusions stated herein. Moreover, the
Company's qualification and taxation as a real estate investment trust depends
upon the Company's having met and continuing to meet -- through annual
operating results, distribution levels and diversity of stock ownership -- the
various qualification tests imposed under the Code, the results of which will
not be reviewed by Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP. Accordingly, no assurance can
be given that the actual results of the Company's operations, distributions or
diversity of stock ownership for any one taxable year have satisfied or will
satisfy such requirements.
We hereby consent to the reference to this firm under the headings
"Federal Income Tax Considerations" and "Legal Matters" in the Prospectus.
Very truly yours,
GIBSON, DUNN & CRUTCHER LLP
<PAGE> 1
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS
Exhibit 23.1
We consent to the reference to our firm under the caption "Experts" in the
Registration Statement (Form S-3, Registration No. 333-23611), Amendment No. 1
to such registration statement and in the related Prospectus of Pacific Gulf
Properties, Inc., for the registration of $250,000,000 of common stock,
preferred stock, debt securities and warrants, and to the incorporation by
reference therein of our report dated February 13, 1997, with respect to the
consolidated and combined financial statements and schedule of Pacific Gulf
Properties, Inc. included in its Annual Report (Form 10-K) for the year ended
December 31, 1996, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Ernst & Young LLP
Newport Beach, California
April 10, 1997
