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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
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FORM 10-Q
(MARK ONE)
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/X/ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 FOR THE PERIOD ENDED
MARCH 31, 2000
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or
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/ / TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD
FROM ____________ TO ____________.
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Commission File No. 0-28218
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AFFYMETRIX, INC.
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
DELAWARE 77-0319159
(State or other jurisdiction of (I.R.S. Employer Identification
incorporation or organization) Number)
3380 CENTRAL EXPRESSWAY, 95051
SANTA CLARA, CALIFORNIA (Zip Code)
(Address of principal executive
offices)
</TABLE>
Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (408) 731-5000
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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports
required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the
registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such
filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes /X/ No / /
COMMON SHARES OUTSTANDING ON MARCH 31, 2000: 27,323,120
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AFFYMETRIX, INC.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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PAGE
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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at March 31,
2000 and December 31, 1999.......................... 3
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for
the Three Months Ended March 31, 2000 and 1999...... 4
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for
the Three Months Ended March 31, 2000 and 1999...... 5
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial
Statements.......................................... 6
Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations....................... 10
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About
Market Risk............................................... 13
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings................................... 14
Item 2. Changes in Securities and Use of Proceeds........... 17
Item 5. Other Information................................... 17
Item 6. Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K.................... 23
SIGNATURES.................................................. 24
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2
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PART 1. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
AFFYMETRIX, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(IN THOUSANDS)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
MARCH 31, DECEMBER 31,
2000 1999
----------- ------------
(UNAUDITED) (NOTE)
<S> <C> <C>
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents................................. $ 128,496 $ 12,677
Available-for-sale securities............................. 310,481 213,763
Accounts receivable....................................... 30,203 24,646
Inventories............................................... 14,908 12,792
Other current assets...................................... 1,572 4,159
--------- ---------
Total current assets.................................... 485,660 268,037
Net property and equipment.................................. 45,160 40,775
Acquired technology rights.................................. 8,800 8,965
Notes receivable from stockholders.......................... 1,043 1,074
Other assets................................................ 18,767 7,736
--------- ---------
$ 559,430 $ 326,587
========= =========
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities.................. $ 33,989 $ 29,926
Deferred revenue.......................................... 14,276 6,468
Current portion of capital lease obligation............... 199 261
--------- ---------
Total current liabilities........................... 48,464 36,655
Obligation to Beckman Coulter, Inc.......................... 5,000 5,000
Convertible subordinated notes.............................. 375,000 150,000
Common stock purchase rights................................ 3,000 3,000
Stockholders' equity:
Common stock.............................................. 273 271
Additional paid-in-capital................................ 259,002 256,739
Accumulated deficit....................................... (130,472) (124,203)
Other..................................................... (837) (875)
--------- ---------
Total stockholders' equity.......................... 127,966 131,932
--------- ---------
$ 559,430 $ 326,587
========= =========
</TABLE>
Note: The balance sheet at December 31, 1999 has been derived from the
supplemental audited consolidated financial statements at that date
included in the Company's Form 8-K filed on April 7, 2000, but does not
include all of the information and footnotes required by generally
accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements.
See accompanying notes.
3
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AFFYMETRIX, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE AMOUNTS)
(UNAUDITED)
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<CAPTION>
THREE MONTHS ENDED
MARCH 31,
-------------------
2000 1999
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Revenue:
Product................................................... $36,673 $17,094
Research.................................................. 2,434 2,444
License fees and royalties................................ 1,124 197
------- -------
Total revenue........................................... 40,231 19,735
Costs and expenses:
Cost of product revenue................................... 13,506 6,339
Research and development.................................. 12,208 10,531
Selling, general and administrative....................... 19,751 11,062
Merger related costs...................................... 2,395 --
------- -------
Total costs and expenses................................ 47,860 27,932
------- -------
Loss from operations........................................ (7,629) (8,197)
Interest income, net........................................ 1,360 1,083
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Net loss.................................................... (6,269) (7,114)
Preferred stock dividends................................... -- (813)
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Net loss attributable to Common Stockholders................ $(6,269) $(7,927)
======= =======
Basic and diluted net loss per common share................. $ (0.23) $ (0.33)
======= =======
Shares used in computing basic and diluted net loss per
common share.............................................. 26,831 24,259
======= =======
</TABLE>
Note: Certain prior year balances have been reclassified to conform with the
current year presentation.
See accompanying notes.
4
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AFFYMETRIX, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
(IN THOUSANDS)
(UNAUDITED)
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<CAPTION>
THREE MONTHS ENDED
MARCH 31,
-------------------
2000 1999
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Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss.................................................. $ (6,269) $ (7,114)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in
operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization......................... 1,895 2,207
Change in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable................................. (5,557) (3,951)
Inventories......................................... (2,116) (1,649)
Other current assets................................ 2,587 626
Other assets........................................ (10,850) (209)
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities............ 4,063 (2,545)
Deferred revenue.................................... 7,808 1,140
-------- --------
Net cash used in operating activities............. (8,439) (11,495)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Capital expenditures...................................... (6,757) (3,842)
Proceeds from the sale of available-for-sale securities... 112,256 18,419
Purchases of available-for-sale securities................ (208,444) (10,015)
-------- --------
Net cash (used in)/provided by investing
activities...................................... (102,945) 4,562
Cash flows from financing activities:
Issuance of common stock.................................. 2,265 33,866
Issuance of convertible subordinated debt................. 225,000 --
Principal payments on capital lease obligations........... (62) (60)
-------- --------
Net cash provided by financing activities......... 227,203 33,806
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents................... 115,819 26,873
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period............ 12,677 5,666
-------- --------
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period.................. $128,496 $ 32,539
======== ========
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes.
5
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AFFYMETRIX, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
MARCH 31, 2000
(UNAUDITED)
NOTE 1--SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES
BASIS OF PRESENTATION
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have
been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles for
interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and
Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the
information and footnotes required by generally accepted accounting principles
for complete financial statements. The consolidated financial statements include
the accounts of Affymetrix, Inc. ("Affymetrix" or the "Company") and its
wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and
transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. In the opinion of
management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring entries) considered
necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Certain amounts in 1999
have been reclassified to conform to the 2000 presentation.
Results for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of results for
any future interim period or for the entire year. The accompanying financial
statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes
thereto included in Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31,
1999 and the Form 8-K filed April 7, 2000, which restates financial information
for prior periods to reflect the combined results of Affymetrix and Genetic
MicroSystems, Inc. ("GMS").
In February 2000, all of the outstanding shares of GMS were acquired by
Affymetrix in a business combination accounted for as pooling of interests.
Accordingly, the financial data for prior periods has been restated to represent
the combined financial results of Affymetrix and GMS (Note 8).
REVENUE RECOGNITION
Product revenues include sales of GeneChip instrumentation, Affymetrix
scanners and arrayers, software and probe arrays as well as the associated
subscription fees earned under EasyAccess-TM- supply agreements. Instrumentation
and probe array revenues are recognized when earned, which is generally upon
shipment and transfer of title to the customer. Software revenue is recognized
upon completion of performance obligations, which is generally upon
installation. Reserves are provided for anticipated returns and warranty
expenses at the time the associated revenue is recognized. Revenue from
subscription fees earned under EasyAccess supply agreements is recorded ratably
over the term of the agreement subject to adjustments for anticipated reductions
provided for in certain agreements for late delivery of probe arrays. Payments
received in advance under these arrangements are recorded as deferred revenue
until earned. Research revenue includes amounts earned, including milestones,
from services performed pursuant to commercial collaboration and supply
agreements as well as under government grants.
Research revenue is recorded in the period in which the costs are incurred
or in which the revenue is earned as defined in the related agreement. Direct
costs associated with these contracts and grants are reported as research and
development expense.
License and royalty revenues include amounts earned from third parties
licensed under the Company's intellectual property and are recognized when
earned under the terms of the related agreements.
In December 1999, the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") issued
Staff Accounting Bulletin 101, "Revenue Recognition in Financial Statements"
("SAB 101") which provides guidance related to revenue recognition based on
interpretations and practices followed by the SEC. SAB 101
6
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AFFYMETRIX, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
MARCH 31, 2000
(UNAUDITED)
NOTE 1--SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES (CONTINUED)
requires companies to report any changes in revenue recognition as a cumulative
change in accounting principle at the time of implementation in accordance with
APB Opinion No. 20, "Accounting Changes." Such changes, if necessary, are
required to be made by June 30, 2000. The Company is currently evaluating SAB
101 to determine whether it would have any material impact on the Company's
results of operations.
NET LOSS PER SHARE
Basis loss per share is calculated using the weighted average number of
common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted loss per share, which gives
effect to the dilutive effect of stock options and warrants (calculated based on
the treasury stock method), Convertible Redeemable Preferred Stock and
convertible debt (calculated on an if-converted method) is the same as basic
loss per share because the Company has recorded net losses for all periods
presented.
NOTE 2--CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS AND AVAILABLE-FOR-SALE SECURITIES
As of March 31, 2000, debt securities held by the Company are comprised of
U.S. Government obligations and U.S. corporate debt securities. They are
classified as available-for-sale and are carried at fair value with unrealized
gains and losses reported in stockholders' equity.
NOTE 3--INVENTORIES
Inventories consist of the following (in thousands):
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MARCH 31, DECEMBER 31,
2000 1999
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Raw materials......................................... $ 4,776 $ 5,247
Work in process....................................... 1,720 891
Finished goods........................................ 8,412 6,654
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Total............................................... $14,908 $12,792
======= =======
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7
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AFFYMETRIX, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
MARCH 31, 2000
(UNAUDITED)
NOTE 4--ACCOUNTS PAYABLE AND ACCRUED LIABILITIES
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities consist of the following (in
thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
MARCH 31, DECEMBER 31,
2000 1999
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<S> <C> <C>
Accounts payable...................................... $14,439 $11,488
Accrued compensation and related liabilities.......... 4,274 4,269
Accrued interest on convertible subordinated notes.... 1,366 2,221
Accrued sales and use tax............................. 1,670 1,170
Accrued warranty...................................... 1,424 1,752
Accrued legal......................................... 8,318 6,162
Other................................................. 2,498 2,864
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Total............................................... $33,989 $29,926
======= =======
</TABLE>
NOTE 5--COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
The components of comprehensive loss for the three months ended March 31,
2000 and 1999 are as follows (in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
THREE MONTHS
ENDED MARCH 31,
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2000 1999
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Net loss attributable to common stockholders.............. $(6,269) $(7,927)
Unrealized gain (loss) on securities...................... (142) (335)
------- -------
Comprehensive loss........................................ $(6,411) $(8,262)
======= =======
</TABLE>
NOTE 6--FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSLATION
The financial statements of Affymetrix, UK Ltd. are measured using the U.S.
dollar as the functional currency. Monetary assets and liabilities of this
subsidiary are translated at the rates of exchange at the balance sheet date.
Income and expense items are translated at average quarterly rates of exchange.
The resultant translation adjustments are included in the consolidated
statements of operations.
NOTE 7--CONVERTIBLE SUBORDINATED NOTES
On February 14, 2000, the Company completed the sale of $225 million
principal amount of 4.75% convertible subordinated notes due 2007 (the "4.75%
Notes"). The 4.75% Notes mature on February 15, 2007 and bear interest at a rate
of 4.75% per annum, which is payable semi-annually. The 4.75% Notes are
convertible, at any time prior to maturity or redemption, into shares of the
Company's common stock at a conversion price of $321.00 per share, subject to
adjustment. The Company can redeem some or all of the 4.75% Notes at any time
after February 20, 2003 and the debt holders have a right to require the Company
to purchase all or a portion of the 4.75% Notes upon a change in control. The
4.75% Notes are
8
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AFFYMETRIX, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
MARCH 31, 2000
(UNAUDITED)
NOTE 7--CONVERTIBLE SUBORDINATED NOTES (CONTINUED)
subordinated to all of the Company's existing and future senior indebtedness.
The Company agreed to file a registration statement for resale of the 4.75%
Notes and the shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of the 4.75% Notes
within 90 days of the completion of the private placement.
NOTE 8--GENETIC MICROSYSTEMS, INC. ("GMS")
On February 9, 2000, Affymetrix completed a merger with GMS by acquiring all
of GMS' outstanding stock in a tax-free, stock-for-stock transaction. GMS
stockholders received 0.2815 of an Affymetrix share for each GMS share.
Affymetrix issued 969,899 shares in the merger and accounted for the transaction
as a pooling of interests. Accordingly, Affymetrix' consolidated financial
statements have been retroactively restated for prior periods to include the
combined financial results of Affymetrix and GMS and no adjustments were
necessary to conform the accounting practices of the two companies. The
consolidated results of operations of the combined companies for the quarters
ended March 31, 2000 and 1999 are as follows (in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
MERGER-RELATED
AFFYMETRIX GMS ADJUSTMENTS TOTAL
---------- -------- -------------- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Quarter ended March 31, 2000
Revenues.......................... $36,007 $4,224 $ -- $40,231
Net loss.......................... (3,738) (136) (2,395) (6,269)
Quarter ended March 31, 1999
Revenues.......................... $17,804 $1,931 $ -- $19,735
Net loss.......................... (7,077) (850) -- (7,927)
</TABLE>
As a result of the GMS acquisition, Affymetrix incurred merger-related costs
that consisted of merger transaction costs, exit costs and employee severance
costs. Merger transaction costs consisted primarily of fees for attorneys,
accountants, consultants, filing fees and financial printing costs. In addition,
merger related costs included expenses associated with integrating the GMS
operations into Affymetrix.
NOTE 9--STOCKHOLDERS RIGHTS PLAN
On February 7, 2000, the Company's Board of the Directors approved an
amendment to its stockholders rights plan initially adopted in 1998. The
amendment increases the exercise price of the Preferred Share Purchase Rights to
$1,250.00 and extends the expiration date of the plan to February 2010. Under
the amended plan, each Preferred Share Purchase Right entitles stockholders to
buy one one-thousandth of a share of Series B Junior Participating Preferred
Stock of the Company at the new exercise price of $1,250.00. The Rights will be
exercisable if a person or group acquires beneficial ownership of 15% or more of
the common stock of the Company or announces a tender offer for 15% or more of
the common stock.
9
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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS
OF OPERATIONS
This Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results
of Operations as of March 31, 2000 and for the three month periods ended
March 31, 2000 and 1999 should be read in conjunction with the Management's
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended
December 31, 1999 and the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on
April 7, 2000.
All statements in this quarterly report that do not discuss past results are
forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are based on management's
current expectations and are therefore subject to certain risks and
uncertainties, including those discussed under the section titled "Risk Factors"
included in this report. Specific uncertainties which could cause Affymetrix'
actual results to differ materially from those projected include: uncertainties
relating to technological approaches, product development, manufacturing and
market acceptance; uncertainties related to cost and pricing of Affymetrix'
products; dependence on collaborative partners; uncertainties relating to sole
source suppliers; uncertainties relating to FDA and other regulatory approvals;
competition; risks relating to intellectual property of others; and
uncertainties of patent protection.
Affymetrix expressly disclaims any obligation or undertaking to release
publicly any updates or revisions to any forward-looking statements contained
herein to reflect any change in Affymetrix' expectations with regard thereto or
any change in events, conditions, or circumstances on which any such statements
are based.
OVERVIEW
Affymetrix, Inc. ("Affymetrix" or the "Company") has developed and intends
to establish its GeneChip-Registered Trademark- system as the platform of choice
for acquiring, analyzing and managing complex genetic information in order to
improve the diagnosis, monitoring and treatment of disease. The Company's
GeneChip system consists of disposable DNA probe arrays containing gene
sequences on a chip, certain reagents for use with the probe arrays, a scanner
and other instruments to process the probe arrays, and software to analyze and
manage genetic information from the probe arrays. The Company commenced
commercial sales of the GeneChip system for research use in April 1996 and
currently sells its products to pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies,
academic research centers and clinical reference laboratories primarily in the
United States and Europe.
The business and operations of the Company were commenced in 1991 by Affymax
N.V. ("Affymax") and were initially conducted within Affymax. In March 1992, the
Company was incorporated as a California corporation and wholly owned subsidiary
of Affymax and in September 1998 was reincorporated as a Delaware corporation.
In March 1995, Glaxo plc, now Glaxo Wellcome plc ("Glaxo"), acquired Affymax,
including its ownership interest in Affymetrix. Beginning in September 1993, the
Company issued equity securities, including an initial public offering in
June 1996, which diluted Affymax' and then Glaxo's ownership in Affymetrix. In
April 1998, the Company completed the sale of 1,634,522 shares of Series AA
Convertible Redeemable Preferred Stock to Glaxo Wellcome Americas, Inc. (a
wholly owned subsidiary of Glaxo) for net proceeds of approximately
$49.9 million and in August 1999, Glaxo elected to convert the Series AA
Convertible Redeemable Preferred Stock to 1,257,229 shares of Affymetrix common
stock at a conversion price of $40 per share. As of March 31, 2000, Glaxo's
ownership position was approximately 29%.
In February 2000, Affymetrix completed its acquisition of Genetic
MicroSystems, Inc. ("GMS"), a privately held instrumentation company
specializing in DNA array technology in Massachusetts. Under the terms of the
acquisition, the outstanding shares of GMS common and preferred stock were
converted into an aggregate of 969,899 shares of Affymetrix' common stock and
Affymetrix assumed all outstanding GMS options and warrants. The merger has been
accounted for as a pooling of interests and accordingly, the
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consolidated financial statements discussed herein and all historical financial
information have been restated to reflect the combined operations of both
companies.
The Company has incurred operating losses in each year since its inception,
including a loss attributable to Common Stockholders of approximately
$27.6 million for the year ended December 31, 1999. The Company incurred an
operating loss of approximately $6.3 million for the quarter ended March 31,
2000 and, as of such date, had an accumulated deficit of approximately
$130.5 million. The Company's losses have resulted principally from costs
incurred in research and development and manufacturing and from selling, general
and administrative costs associated with the Company's operations. These costs
have exceeded the Company's revenues and interest income, which to date have
been generated principally from product sales, royalties and license fees and
technology access fees, collaborative research and development agreements,
government research grants and cash and investment balances. The Company expects
to incur additional operating losses for at least the near term as a result of
increases in its expenses for expansion of its manufacturing capabilities,
continued development of its marketing and sales infrastructure, research and
product development and general and administrative costs.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2000 AND 1999
Product revenues increased 115% to $36.7 million for the quarter ended
March 31, 2000 up from $17.1 million in the respective period of 1999. The
increase in product revenue during the first quarter of 2000 compared to the
same period in 1999 was the result of increased sales of
GeneChip-Registered Trademark- probe arrays, increased placements of instruments
(including the GeneChip system, the 417 Arrayer-TM- and 418 Scanner-TM-) and
related increases in subscription fees earned under EasyAccess-TM- contracts.
Research revenue was approximately $2.4 million for the quarters ended
March 31, 2000 and 1999. License fees and royalty revenue increased 471% to
$1.1 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2000 up from $0.2 million in the
respective period of 1999. The increase in license fees and royalty revenue was
attributed primarily to the signing of additional licenses and the expansion of
existing licensing arrangements.
Cost of product revenue increased 114% to $13.5 million for the three months
ended March 31, 2000 up from $6.3 million for the three months ended March 31,
1999. The increase in cost of product revenue was attributed primarily to the
increase in product revenue. Gross margin on product revenue was approximately
63% for quarters ended March 31, 2000 and 1999. The Company has experienced, and
continues to experience, variation in manufacturing capacity and yield of its
GeneChip products which has impacted, and may continue to impact, the Company's
ability to meet its commitments to deliver certain products to its customers in
a timely manner. Difficulty in providing timely delivery of products may
adversely affect the Company's relationships with its customers, its business,
its financial condition and results of operations. Margins have fluctuated, and
may continue to fluctuate significantly, as a result of variation in
manufacturing yields. In addition, margins will continue to fluctuate as the
Company continues to incur costs associated with the expansion of its West
Sacramento facility throughout 2000. Margins also fluctuate as a result of
changes in the mix of products sold. The Company also sells products in certain
foreign countries and thus revenue and margins may fluctuate due to changes in
currency exchange rates.
Research and development expenses increased 16% to $12.2 million for the
quarter ended March 31, 2000 up from $10.5 million for the quarter ended
March 31, 1999. The increase in research and development expenses was
attributable primarily to the hiring of additional research and development
personnel and associated purchases of research supplies. The Company expects
research and development spending to increase over the next several years as
product development and core research efforts continue to expand.
Selling, general and administrative expenses increased 78% to $19.8 million
for the three months ended March 31, 2000, compared to $11.1 million for the
three months ended March 31, 1999. The increase in selling, general and
administrative expenses resulted primarily from the Company's expansion
11
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of commercial activities and increased legal costs arising from ongoing patent
litigation. Selling, general and administrative expenses are expected to
continue to increase as the Company expands sales, marketing, and technical
support functions, increases headcount in management and administrative
functions, prosecutes and defends its intellectual property position and defends
against claims made by third parties in ongoing litigation. In particular, the
Company expects legal costs to increase as on-going patent litigation with
Hyseq, Inc., Incyte Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Synteni, Inc. approach their
respective trial dates.
Merger related expenses of $2.4 million for the three months ended
March 31, 2000 were associated with the GMS acquisition completed in
February 2000.
Net interest income was $1.4 million for the three months ended March 31,
2000, compared to $1.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 1999. The
fluctuations in net interest income result principally from variations in the
Company's available-for-sale securities balances.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
As of March 31, 2000, the Company had cash, cash equivalents and
available-for-sale securities of $439.0 million compared to $226.0 million at
December 31, 1999. The increase is primarily attributable to net proceeds of
$218.0 million received in conjunction with the issuance of $225 million 4.75%
Notes issued in February 2000, offset by cash used to fund the Company's
operating loss and capital expenditures.
Net cash used in operating activities was $8.4 million for the three months
ended March 31, 2000, as compared to $11.5 million for the three months ended
March 31, 1999. The decrease in net cash used in operating activities was the
result of a decrease in the Company's net loss as well as increases in deferred
revenue and accrued liability balances offset by an increases in accounts
receivable, inventory, other current assets and other assets.
The Company's investing activities, other than purchases, sales and
maturities of available-for-sale securities, consisted of capital expenditures,
which totaled $6.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2000, as
compared to $3.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 1999. The increase
in capital expenditures during the three months ended March 31, 2000 related
primarily to facilities and production equipment for the manufacturing facility
in West Sacramento, California and improvements to office and light
manufacturing space in Sunnyvale, California. The Company expects to continue to
expand its manufacturing and other operating facilities over the next few years.
Financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2000 include net
proceeds of $218.0 million from the private placement of 4.75% Notes in
February 2000. The 4.75% Notes are convertible, subject to adjustment in certain
circumstances, into Affymetrix common stock at a price equal to $321.00 per
share. Accrued interest on the 4.75% Notes is payable semi-annually. Affymetrix
may redeem the 4.75% Notes at any time on or after February 15, 2003.
The Company anticipates that its existing capital resources will enable it
to maintain currently planned operations and planned capital expenditures for
the foreseeable future. However, this expectation is based on the Company's
current operating plan and capital expenditure plan, which is expected to
change, and therefore the Company could require additional funding sooner than
anticipated. In addition, the Company expects its capital requirements will
remain substantial and may increase over the next several years as it expands
its facilities and acquires scientific equipment to support expanded
manufacturing and research and development efforts.
12
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ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
The Company's exposure to interest rate risk relates primarily to its
investment portfolio and its convertible subordinated notes. Fixed rate
securities and borrowings may have their fair market value adversely impacted
due to fluctuations in interest rates, while floating rate securities may
produce less income than expected if interest rates fall and floating rate
borrowings may lead to additional interest expense if interest rates increase.
Due in part to these factors, the Company's future investment income may fall
short of expectations due to changes in interest rates or the Company may suffer
losses in principal if forced to sell securities which have declined in market
value due to changes in interest rates.
The primary objective of the Company's investment activities is to preserve
principal while at the same time maximize yields without significantly
increasing risk. To achieve this objective, the Company invests its excess cash
in debt instruments of the U.S. Government and its agencies and high-quality
corporate issuers, and, by policy, restricts its exposure to any single
corporate issuer by imposing concentration limits. To minimize the exposure due
to adverse shifts in interest rates, the Company maintains investments at an
average maturity of generally less than two years.
The table below presents the principal amounts and weighted-average interest
rates by year of maturity for the Company's investment portfolio:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
FAIR VALUE AT
MARCH 31,
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 THEREAFTER TOTAL 2000
-------- -------- -------- --------- --------- ---------- -------- -------------
(DOLLAR AMOUNTS IN THOUSANDS)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
ASSETS:
Available-for-sale
securities.............. $178,926 $200,509 $54,040 $ -- $ -- $ -- $433,476 $433,528
Average interest rate..... 1.8% 6.4% 6.4%
LIABILITIES:
5% convertible
subordinated notes due
2006.................... $ -- $ -- $ -- $ -- $ -- $150,000 $150,000 $201,945
Average interest rate..... 5.0%
4.75% convertible
subordinated notes due
2007.................... $ -- $ -- $ -- $ -- $ -- $225,000 $225,000 $159,323
Average interest rate..... 4.75%
</TABLE>
13
<PAGE>
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
GENERAL
Affymetrix is a party to significant litigation, which will consume
substantial financial and managerial resources and which could adversely affect
its business, financial condition and results of operations. If in any pending
or future intellectual property litigation Affymetrix or its collaborative
partners is found to have infringed the valid intellectual property rights of
third parties, Affymetrix or its collaborative partners could be subject to
significant liability for damages, could be required to obtain a license from a
third party, which may not be available on reasonable terms or at all, or could
be prevented from manufacturing and selling its products. In addition, if
Affymetrix is unable to enforce its patents and other intellectual property
rights against others, or if its patents are found to be invalid, third parties
may more easily be able to introduce and sell probe array systems that compete
with Affymetrix' GeneChip technology, and Affymetrix' competitive position could
suffer. Affymetrix may be required to devote substantial financial and
managerial resources to protect its intellectual property rights and defend
against the claims described below as well as any future claims asserted against
it. Further, because of the substantial amount of discovery required in
connection with any litigation, there is a risk that confidential information
could be compromised by disclosure.
OXFORD GENE TECHNOLOGY LITIGATION
On June 4, 1999, Oxford Gene Technology, Ltd. ("OGT") filed suit against
Affymetrix in the United States District Court for the District of Delaware
alleging infringement of United States Patent 5,700,637 and in the United
Kingdom alleging infringement of European Patent 0-373-203. OGT seeks an
injunction and damages through these actions. On or before June 4, 1999, an
asset transfer agreement with Beckman Coulter, Inc. ("Beckman") became
effective, which Affymetrix believes gives it access to Beckman's microarray
business, including licenses to United States Patent 5,700,637 and European
Patent 0-373-203. On June 17, 1999, Affymetrix filed a complaint in the United
States District Court for the Northern District of California asking for, among
other things, a declaration that Affymetrix has a valid license to use the
patents and that, in light of this license, Affymetrix is not infringing these
patents. This case has been transferred and consolidated with the Delaware
action. Discovery is proceeding in the Delaware action. Affymetrix has moved to
amend its answer to challenge the validity of United States Patent 5,700,637.
Trial has been set to commence on October 31, 2000. In the UK action, Affymetrix
has counterclaimed for revocation of the European patent and OGT has applied to
amend the patent, and to seek a stay of the patent infringement liability,
validity and amendment issues. In addition, in the UK action the UK court
determined that Beckman's work to date with the arrays it had licensed from OGT
did not constitute a "business" within the meaning of the assignment clause in
the Beckman license. Therefore, the court held that Beckman did not sell an
array business to Affymetrix, and the patent license at issue, consequently, did
not transfer to Affymetrix. The court also held that the "Consortium Clause" in
the Beckman license did not obligate OGT to grant a license to Affymetrix for
the patents. In the Delaware action, OGT has moved for partial summary judgment
on Affymetrix' license defense, based upon the UK court's ruling.
In addition, in the High Court of Justice, Chancery Division, Patents Court,
OGT has applied in the United Kingdom to revoke Affymetrix' EP (UK) 0-619-321
patent, relating to certain DNA arrays. This revocation action also includes an
application to revoke Affymetrix' related United Kingdom Patent GB 2248840.
Revocation and infringement actions typically are resolved in the first instance
in about twelve to eighteen months. The underlying patents can be declared
valid, invalid, or partially valid, often with claim amendments submitted during
the course of the proceedings.
Affymetrix believes that OGT's claims are without merit. However, Affymetrix
cannot be sure that it will prevail in this matter.
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<PAGE>
HYSEQ, INC. LITIGATION
On March 3, 1997, Hyseq, Inc. ("Hyseq") filed a lawsuit in United States
District Court for the Northern District of California (San Jose Division)
alleging that Affymetrix' products infringe United States Patents 5,202,231, or
'231, and 5,525,464, or '464. In addition, in December 1997, Hyseq filed a
second action claiming that Affymetrix' products infringe a related patent,
United States Patent 5,695,940, or '940. On August 18, 1998, Affymetrix filed a
lawsuit in United States District Court for the Northern District of California
against Hyseq alleging infringement of U.S. Patent Nos. 5,795,716, or '716, and
5,744,305, or '305. On September 1, 1998, Affymetrix added its U.S. Patent
No. 5,800,992, or '992, to the complaint of infringement against Hyseq. On
October 26, 1999, Hyseq filed a third action in United States District Court for
the Northern District of California claiming that Affymetrix' products infringe
a related patent, United States Patent 5,972,619, or '619. The action also
requests a declaration that the '716 patent is invalid based on the '619 patent.
On November 23, 1998, Hyseq filed an answer to Affymetrix' complaint, alleging
that Affymetrix' three asserted patents are invalid. On October 26, 1999, the
United States District Court for the Northern District of California issued a
claims construction order interpreting various terms of the '231, '464, and '940
patents. Hyseq has moved for reconsideration of that claims construction order.
No trial dates have been set.
Affymetrix believes that Hyseq's claims are without merit. However,
Affymetrix cannot be sure that it will prevail in this matter.
INCYTE PHARMACEUTICALS AND SYNTENI LITIGATION AND PROCEEDINGS
On January 6, 1998, Affymetrix filed a patent infringement action in the
United States District Court for the District of Delaware alleging that certain
of Incyte Pharmaceuticals, Inc.'s ("Incyte") and Synteni, Inc.'s ("Synteni")
products infringe United States Patent 5,445,934, or '934. On September 1, 1998,
Affymetrix filed a complaint against Incyte and Synteni in United States
District Court for the District of Delaware alleging infringement of the '305
patent and the '992 patent. These actions were transferred to the United States
District Court for the Northern District of California on November 18, 1998. The
actions seek to enjoin commercial activities of Incyte and Synteni relating to
Affymetrix' patents and, in regard to the '992 patent, sought a preliminary
injunction. Incyte and Synteni moved for summary judgment that certain claims of
the '992 patent were invalid. On May 4, 1999, the court denied Affymetrix'
motion for preliminary injunction and denied Incyte and Synteni's motion for
summary judgment.
On April 17, 1998, Incyte filed a response and counterclaim, asserting that
the '934 patent is invalid and not infringed. On April 17, 1998, Incyte also
filed a counterclaim alleging that a patent license agreement Affymetrix entered
into in December 1997 with Molecular Dynamics interfered with an agreement
between Incyte and Molecular Dynamics. In the counterclaim, Incyte alleges that
the terms of Affymetrix' patent license to Molecular Dynamics prevented
Molecular Dynamics from meeting its obligations to Incyte. Incyte seeks damages
from Affymetrix. On September 21, 1998, Incyte and Synteni filed an answer
asserting various defenses to the lawsuits in relation to the '992 patent and
the '305 patent, and asserted several counterclaims, including:
- a request for declaration of non-infringement and invalidity;
- an assertion of unfair competition;
- a request for a declaration that Synteni and Dari Shalon, who was a
one-time employee of Synteni, have not misappropriated any of Affymetrix'
trade secrets;
- a claim of tortious interference with Incyte's and Synteni's economic
advantage; and
- a claim of slander of title of a patent and a claim of trade libel.
Affymetrix believes that Incyte's claims are without merit. However,
Affymetrix cannot be sure that it will prevail in this matter.
15
<PAGE>
The United States Patent and Trademark Office, or USPTO, notified Affymetrix
that Stanford University presented claims that relate to substantially the same
subject matter as certain claims from the 992 patent and all of the claims of
the 305 patent. The Stanford application is alleged to be exclusively licensed
to Incyte. The USPTO notified Affymetrix on April 2, 1999 that it had declared
an interference proceeding relating to these patents and claims of patents. The
USPTO conducted proceedings to determine the priority of these claims and
determined that Incyte and Synteni did not meet the burden of proof required to
establish a case that the claims should be further evaluated in a full
interference proceeding. Incyte and Synteni have appealed this decision in the
United States Court for the Northern District of California.
In April 2000, Incyte indicated that it believed that Affymetrix should be
added as a defendant to a lawsuit filed by Incyte against Gene Logic, Inc. On
May 5, 2000, Incyte and Affymetrix entered into a stipulation that avoided
Affymetrix' joinder in that lawsuit, but preserved the rights of both sides to
institute separate litigation related to the claims asserted against Gene Logic.
ADMINISTRATIVE LITIGATION AND PROCEEDINGS
Affymetrix' intellectual property is expected to be subject to significant
additional administrative and litigation actions. For example, in Europe and
Japan, third parties are expected to oppose significant patents owned or
controlled by Affymetrix. Currently, OGT, Incyte, Multilyte Ltd. and ProtoGene
Laboratories, Inc. have filed oppositions against Affymetrix' EP 0-619-321
Patent in the European Patent Office. This procedure will result in the patent
being either upheld in its entirety, allowed to grant in amended form in
designated European countries, or revoked.
16
<PAGE>
ITEM 2. CHANGES IN SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
Common Stock
On February 7, the Company and American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, as
Rights Agent (the "Rights Agent"), entered into Amendment No. 1 (the
"Amendment") to the Rights Agreement, dated October 15, 1998, between the
Company and the Rights Agent (the "Rights Agreement"). The Amendment extends the
expiration date of the Rights Agreement until February 7, 2010. The Amendment
also increases the purchase price for each one one-thousandth of a share of
Series B Preferred Stock purchasable upon the exercise of a Right to $1,250. The
effective date of the Amendment is February 7, 2000.
ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION
Risk Factors
An investment in the Company's common stock involves a high degree of risk.
The reader should carefully consider the risks described below before making an
investment decision.
THE MARKET PRICE OF THE COMPANY'S COMMON STOCK IS EXTREMELY VOLATILE, AND THE
VALUE OF ITS COMMON STOCK MAY DECREASE SUDDENLY.
For a number of reasons, the market price of the Company's common stock is
extremely volatile, and the value of its common stock may be significantly less
than the market value of that stock today. This extreme volatility also puts the
Company at risk for securities class action litigation, which would cause it to
divert both financial and managerial resources, which could reduce its profits.
To demonstrate the volatility of the Company's stock price, during the
period beginning April 1, 1999 through April 19, 2000, the volume of its common
stock traded on any given day has ranged from 48,700 to 5,372,400 shares, a
10,932% difference. Moreover, during that period, its common stock has traded as
low as $32.50 per share and as high as $327.00 per share, a 906% difference. The
market price of its common stock has changed as much as $67.00 per share in a
single day and its stock price has changed more than $20 in a single day 44
times in the last six months.
THE COMPANY HAS A HISTORY OF OPERATING LOSSES, EXPECTS TO INCUR FUTURE LOSSES
AND CANNOT BE CERTAIN THAT IT WILL BECOME A PROFITABLE COMPANY.
The Company has experienced significant operating losses each year since its
inception, and it expects these losses to continue. For example, it experienced
net losses of approximately $22.8 million in 1997, $26.8 million in 1998 and
$25.5 million in 1999. It had an accumulated deficit of approximately
$96.6 million as of December 31, 1998 and approximately $124.2 million as of
December 31, 1999. Its losses have resulted principally from costs incurred in
research and development and from general and administrative costs associated
with its operations. These costs have exceeded revenues and interest income,
which, to date, have been generated principally from product sales and
technology access fees, collaborative research and development agreements,
government research grants and cash and investment balances. The Company expects
to incur additional operating losses as a result of increases in expenses for
manufacturing, marketing and sales capabilities, research and product
development and general and administrative costs. The Company may never achieve
profitability. Among other things, its ability to manage the transition to a
commercially successful company will depend upon its ability to:
- establish its commercial manufacturing capability for probe arrays and
consistently achieve acceptable yields from those capabilities;
- cost-effectively manufacture components of the GeneChip system;
- develop its marketing capabilities cost effectively;
17
<PAGE>
- establish sales and distribution capabilities cost-effectively;
- enter into supply agreements with customers desiring to use its products;
- develop products that are accepted by the marketplace;
- create a product mix that is appealing to pharmaceutical and biotechnology
companies, academic research centers and clinical reference laboratories;
- avoid infringing on the intellectual property rights of others;
- enforce its intellectual property rights against others;
- obtain necessary regulatory approvals; and
- hire and retain qualified key personnel.
In addition, any delays in receipt of any necessary regulatory approvals or
any adverse developments with respect to its ability to enforce its intellectual
property relative to its competitors could seriously harm the successful
commercialization of its technologies and could have a material adverse effect
on its business, financial condition and results of operations.
THE COMPANY'S QUARTERLY RESULTS OF OPERATION HAVE HISTORICALLY FLUCTUATED
SIGNIFICANTLY PERIOD-TO-PERIOD, AND ITS STOCK MAY DECREASE IN VALUE
SIGNIFICANTLY FOLLOWING AN EARNINGS RELEASE.
Although the Company believes that period-to-period comparisons of its
results of operations are not a good indication of its future performance, its
operating results will likely be below the expectations of public market
analysts or investors in future quarters and the market price of its common
stock may fall significantly.
THE COMPANY HAS A LIMITED OPERATING HISTORY, HAS NEVER BEEN PROFITABLE AND MAY
NEVER ACHIEVE PROFITABILITY.
The Company is a relatively new company and, for the most part, its
technologies are still in the early stages of development. The Company has just
begun to incorporate its technologies into commercial products. The Company
needs to make significant investments to ensure its products perform correctly
and are cost-effective. In addition, the Company must obtain additional
regulatory approvals to sell its product for purposes other than research use.
Even if the Company develops its products for commercial use and obtains all
necessary regulatory approval, it may not be able to develop products that:
- are accepted by the research, diagnostic or other market places;
- are accurate and effective;
- meet applicable regulatory standards in a timely manner;
- are protected from competition by others;
- do not infringe the intellectual property rights of others;
- can be manufactured in sufficient quantities or at a reasonable cost; or
- can be marketed successfully.
SALES OF THE COMPANY'S GENECHIP PRODUCTS AND ITS OPERATING RESULTS MAY FLUCTUATE
UNPREDICTABLY FROM PERIOD TO PERIOD.
The Company expects that its customers' supply requirements and orders will
depend, among other things, on the frequency of experiments conducted by them,
their inventory of GeneChip products and their expectations as to how long it
will take for the Company to fill future orders. In addition, the
18
<PAGE>
Company expects that from time to time it will receive relatively large orders
with short lead times. As a result, its revenues and operating results may
fluctuate significantly from period to period due in part to factors that are
outside of its control and which it cannot predict.
THE COMPANY MAY LOSE CUSTOMERS UNLESS IT IMPROVES ITS ABILITY TO MANUFACTURE ITS
PRODUCTS AND ENSURE THEIR PROPER PERFORMANCE.
The Company produces its GeneChip products in an innovative and complicated
manufacturing process. It has experienced and may continue to experience
significant variability in the manufacturing yield of its GeneChip products
which has reduced, and it believes will continue to reduce, its gross margins
and harm its business. The Company has also experienced, and anticipates that it
will continue to experience, difficulties in meeting customer, collaborator and
internal demand for some of its probe array products. If the Company cannot
deliver products in a timely manner, it could lose customers, delay introduction
of new products or cause demand for the Company's products to decline.
Furthermore, if the Company cannot deliver products to its customers that
consistently meet their performance expectations, demand for its products will
decline.
Because the Company has a limited manufacturing history, it does not fully
understand all of the factors that affect its manufacturing processes. As a
result, manufacturing and quality control problems have arisen and the Company
expects them to continue to arise as it attempts to increase the production rate
at its manufacturing facilities. The Company may not be able to increase
production rates at these facilities in a timely and cost-effective manner or at
commercially reasonable costs.
THE COMPANY'S SURVIVAL DEPENDS ON ITS ABILITY TO AVOID INFRINGING THE
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY OF OTHERS AS WELL AS MAINTAINING, ENFORCING AND
OBTAINING INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS OF ITS OWN.
Intellectual property rights are essential to the Company's business. The
Company is engaged in significant litigation with its competitors regarding its
intellectual property rights. On January 6, 1998, the Company filed a patent
infringement action against Incyte Pharmaceuticals and Synteni Inc. to protect
its U.S. Patent No. 5,445,934. In addition, Hyseq has filed three patent
infringement actions against the Company and on August 18, 1998, the Company
filed suit against Hyseq to protect its U.S. Patent Nos. 5,795,716 and
5,744,305. On September 1, 1998, the Company amended its complaint against Hyseq
to protect its U.S. Patent No. 5,800,992 and its complaint against Incyte to
protect its U.S. Patent Nos. 5,800,992 and 5,744,305. In addition, Oxford Gene
Technology filed patent infringement suits against the Company, and Oxford Gene
Therapy Limited applied to revoke its EP (UK) 0-619-321 Patent, related to DNA
arrays, in the United Kingdom. In connection with the Oxford Gene Technology
suit, on April 7, 2000, a United Kingdom court held that the Company's 1999
purchase of Beckman Coulter's array business was not sufficient to transfer
Beckman Coulter's license to certain patents held by Oxford Gene Technology. The
Company plans to appeal this decision. For a discussion of the Company's
intellectual property--related litigation (See Part II, Item 1. "Legal
Proceedings").
All of these cases are pending and consume, and will continue to consume,
substantial portions of the Company's financial and managerial resources. A loss
of a significant litigation could prevent the Company from producing its current
products or developing new ones and could also result in the payment of
significant penalties and royalties, which could make it too costly to produce
some or all of its products. If it cannot maintain, enforce or obtain
intellectual property rights, competitors can design probe array systems with
similar competitive advantages to its GeneChip technology without paying it
royalties. In order to continue its current business, the Company must
successfully:
- defend against third parties asserting that it infringes their
intellectual property rights;
- enforce its intellectual property rights against third parties infringing
its rights;
- meet applicable regulatory standards in a timely manner;
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- obtain licenses to the intellectual property it needs to continue or
expand its business;
- obtain enforceable patent rights to its product and process innovations;
and
- defend the scope of its existing or pending patents in administrative
proceedings, such as oppositions or interferences.
Moreover, even if the Company defends and enforces its intellectual property
rights, others may independently develop similar or alternative technologies,
duplicate any of its technologies, or design around or invalidate its patented
technologies. These developments would reduce the value of the Company's
intellectual property assets.
IF THE COMPANY CANNOT CONTINUOUSLY DEVELOP AND INTRODUCE NEW PRODUCTS IT WILL
NOT BE ABLE TO COMPETE SUCCESSFULLY IN ITS HIGHLY COMPETITIVE AND RAPIDLY
CHANGING MARKET.
The Company competes in markets that are new, intensely competitive, highly
fragmented and rapidly changing and many of its current and potential
competitors have significantly greater financial, technical, marketing and other
resources. In addition, many current and potential competitors have greater name
recognition, more extensive customer bases and access to proprietary genetic
content. The Company cannot survive if it fails to respond quickly to new or
emerging technologies and changes in customer requirements.
Currently, the Company's principal competition comes from existing DNA probe
array and other technologies that are used to perform many of the same functions
for which the Company markets its GeneChip products. In order to compete against
existing and newly developed technologies and maintain pricing and gross
margins, the Company needs to successfully demonstrate to potential customers
that its GeneChip products provide improved performance and capabilities. A
large number of publicly traded and privately held companies including Agilent
Technologies, Inc., Corning, Inc., CuraGen, Inc., Gene Logic, Inc., General
Scanning, Inc., Genome Solutions, Inc., Hitachi, Ltd., Illumina, Inc., Incyte
Pharmaceuticals, Inc./Synteni, Inc., Lynx Therapeutics, Inc., Motorola, Inc. and
Sequenome, Inc. also are developing or have developed DNA probe based assays or
other products and services, some of which may be competitive with the
Company's.
THE COMPANY DEPENDS ON A LIMITED NUMBER OF SUPPLIERS AND IT WILL BE UNABLE TO
MANUFACTURE ITS PRODUCTS IF SHIPMENTS FROM THESE SUPPLIERS ARE DELAYED OR
INTERRUPTED.
Key parts of the Company's GeneChip product line, as well as various
equipment and raw materials used in the synthesis of probe arrays, are currently
available only from a single source or a limited number of sources. The Company
relies on Agilent Technologies to manufacture, install and service its scanners
and on Enzo Diagnostics, Inc. to manufacture key substances used with probe
arrays and various labeling kits needed to process samples. In addition,
components of the Company's manufacturing equipment are available from one of
only a few suppliers. In the event that supplies from these vendors were delayed
or interrupted for any reason, the Company would not be able to get
manufacturing equipment, scanners or other components for its GeneChip product
in a timely fashion or in sufficient quantities or under acceptable terms.
Even if alternative sources of supply are available, it could be time
consuming and expensive for the Company to qualify new vendors. In addition, it
is dependent on its vendors to provide components of appropriate quality and
reliability and to meet applicable regulatory requirements. Consequently, in the
event that supplies from these vendors were delayed or interrupted for any
reason, the Company could be delayed in its ability to develop and deliver
products to its customers.
20
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IF THE COMPANY IS UNABLE TO MAINTAIN ITS RELATIONSHIPS WITH COLLABORATIVE
PARTNERS, IT MAY HAVE DIFFICULTY SELLING ITS PRODUCTS AND SERVICES.
The Company believes that its success in penetrating its target markets
depends in part on its ability to develop and maintain collaborative
relationships with key companies as well as with key academic researchers. The
Company's collaborative partners, however, may not be able to perform their
obligations as expected or devote sufficient resources to the development,
clinical testing, supply or marketing of its potential products developed under
these collaborations.
Currently, the Company's significant collaborative partners include Agilent
Technologies in the making of its scanners, Amersham Pharmacia Biotech KK in
distributing its products in Japan, and Roche Molecular Systems and bioMerieux
in the making of its diagnostic chip products. Relying on these or other
collaborative relationships is risky to the Company's future success because:
- its partners may develop technologies or components competitive with its
GeneChip product such as Agilent Technologies, which is developing a DNA
based array;
- its existing collaborations may preclude it from entering into additional
future arrangements;
- its partners may not obtain regulatory approvals necessary to continue the
collaborations in a timely manner;
- some of its agreements may prematurely terminate due to disagreements
between it and its partners;
- its partners may not devote sufficient resources to the development and
sale of its products;
- its partners may be unable to supply products to it on a timely basis;
- its collaborations may be unsuccessful; or
- it may not be able to negotiate future collaborative arrangements on
acceptable terms.
THE COMPANY'S CURRENT SALES, MARKETING AND TECHNICAL SUPPORT ORGANIZATION MAY
LIMIT ITS ABILITY TO SELL ITS PRODUCTS.
The Company currently has limited sales, marketing and technical support
services. To assist its sales and support activities, the Company entered into a
nonexclusive distribution agreement covering Japan with Amersham Pharmacia
Biotech KK and a service agreement for its GeneArray scanner with Agilent
Technologies. Third parties, such as Amersham Pharmacia Biotech KK and Agilent
Technologies, on whom the Company relies for sales, marketing and technical
support may decide to develop and sell competitive products or otherwise become
its competitors, which could harm its business. For instance, Agilent
Technologies is currently developing a DNA probe based array. Although the
Company has invested significant other resources to expand its direct sales
force and its technical and support staff, it may not be able to establish a
sufficiently sized sales, marketing or technical support organization to sell,
market or support its products.
THE LOSS OF A KEY CUSTOMER COULD SUBSTANTIALLY REDUCE THE COMPANY'S REVENUES AND
BE PERCEIVED AS A LOSS OF MOMENTUM IN THE COMPANY'S BUSINESS.
The Company's customers are concentrated in a small number of pharmaceutical
and biotechnology companies, academic research centers and clinical reference
laboratories. The Company expects that a small number of customers, such as
Aventis Pharma, Ltd., F. Hoffman-La Roche, Ltd., Genetics Institute, Gene
Logic, Inc. and other key customers, will continue to account for a substantial
portion of revenues for the foreseeable future. If the Company loses a major
customer, its revenues may be substantially reduced and investors may perceive
this as a loss of momentum in its business. Moreover, if consolidation
21
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in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries continues, the Company's
current and potential customer base could decrease, reducing aggregate sales and
shrinking its target market.
BECAUSE THE COMPANY'S BUSINESS IS HIGHLY DEPENDENT ON KEY EXECUTIVES AND
SCIENTISTS, ITS INABILITY TO RECRUIT AND RETAIN THESE PEOPLE COULD HINDER ITS
BUSINESS EXPANSION PLANS.
The Company is highly dependent on its executive officers and its senior
scientists and engineers, including scientific advisors. The Company's product
development and marketing efforts will be delayed or curtailed if it loses the
services of any of these people.
The Company relies on its scientific advisors and consultants to assist it
in formulating its research, development and commercialization strategy. All of
these individuals are engaged by employers other than the Company and have
commitments to other entities that may limit their availability to the Company.
Some of them also consult for companies that may be competitors of the
Company's. A scientific advisor's other obligations may prevent him or her from
assisting the Company in developing its technical and business strategies.
To expand its research, product development and sales efforts the Company
needs additional people skilled in areas such as bioinformatics, organic
chemistry, information services, regulatory affairs, manufacturing, sales,
marketing and technical support. Competition for these people is intense and
their turnover rate is high. The Company will not be able to expand its business
if it is unable to hire, train and retain a sufficient number of qualified
employees.
BECAUSE GLAXO WELLCOME OWNS A SUBSTANTIAL PORTION OF THE COMPANY'S OUTSTANDING
CAPITAL STOCK, GLAXO MAY BE ABLE TO INFLUENCE THE OUTCOME OF STOCKHOLDER VOTES
OR THE MARKET PRICE OF THE COMPANY'S STOCK.
Glaxo Wellcome plc, ("Glaxo") and its affiliates currently beneficially own
approximately 22% of the Company's outstanding common stock as of May 5, 2000,
and have the right to designate two of the nine members of the Company's Board
of Directors. Accordingly, Glaxo may be able to exercise significant influence
over the Company's business and over matters subject to stockholder votes,
including votes concerning the election of directors, adoption of amendments to
the Company's certificate of incorporation and bylaws and approval of mergers
and other significant corporate transactions. Moreover, the Company's stock
price may drop if Glaxo or any of its affiliates sells a significant amount of
the Company's stock or if investors interpret any sale of the Company's stock by
Glaxo or any of its affiliates as a sign of weakness in the Company's business.
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ITEM 6. EXHIBITS AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K
(a) Exhibits:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
EXHIBIT
NUMBER DESCRIPTION OF DOCUMENT
- --------------------- -----------------------
<S> <C>
2.1(1 ) Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of September 10,
1999, among Affymetrix, Inc., GMS Acquisition, Inc. and
certain shareholders.
3.1(2 ) Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation.
3.2(3 ) Bylaws.
4.1(4 ) Rights Agreement dated October 15, 1998 between Affymetrix,
Inc. and American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, as
Rights Agent.
4.2(5 ) Indenture dated as of September 22, 1999, between
Affymetrix, Inc. and The Bank of New York, as Trustee.
4.3(6 ) Amendment No. 1 to Rights Agreement, dated as of February 7,
2000, between Affymetrix, Inc. and American Stock Transfer
& Trust Company, as Rights Agent.
4.4(7 ) Indenture, dated as of February 14, 2000 between Affymetrix,
Inc. and The Bank of New York, as Trustee.
4.5(8 ) Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of February 14,
2000, between Affymetrix, Inc. and certain purchasers
listed on the signature page thereto.
27 Financial data schedule.
</TABLE>
- ------------------------
(1) Incorporated by reference to the Registrant's registration statement on
Form S-4 as filed on October 14, 1999 (File No. 333-88987).
(2) Incorporated by reference to Appendix B to our definitive proxy statement on
Schedule 14A as filed on April 29, 1998 (File No. 000-28218).
(3) Incorporated by reference to the same number exhibit filed with Registrant's
Form 8-K as filed on September 29, 1998 (File No. 000-28218).
(4) Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1 of the Registrant's Form 8-A as filed
on October 16, 1998 (file No. 000-28218).
(5) Incorporated by reference to the Registrant's registration statement on
Form S-4 as filed on October 14, 1999 (File No. 333-88987).
(6) Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to our Form 8-A/A as filed on
March 29, 2000 (File No. 000-28218).
(7) Incorporated by reference to the same number exhibit filed with the
Registrant's registration statement on Form S-3 as filed on May 11, 2000
(File No. 333-36790).
(8) Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 filed with Registrant's
registration statement on Form S-3 as filed on May 11, 2000 (File
No. 333-36790).
(b) Reports on Form 8-K.
On February 11, 2000, the Company filed a Report on Form 8-K to report under
Item 5 (Other Events) the completion of the merger of Genetic
MicroSystems, Inc. with and into GMS Acquisition, Inc., a wholly-owned
subsidiary of the Company.
23
<PAGE>
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the
Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
<TABLE>
<S> <C> <C>
May 15, 2000 AFFYMETRIX, INC.
By: /s/ EDWARD M. HURWITZ
-----------------------------------------
Edward M. Hurwitz
VICE PRESIDENT AND CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER
</TABLE>
24
<PAGE>
AFFYMETRIX, INC.
EXHIBIT INDEX
MARCH 31, 2000
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
EXHIBIT
NUMBER DESCRIPTION OF DOCUMENT
- --------------------- -----------------------
<S> <C>
2.1(1 ) Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of September 10,
1999, among Affymetrix, Inc., GMS Acquisition, Inc. and
certain shareholders.
3.1(2 ) Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation.
3.2(3 ) Bylaws.
4.1(4 ) Rights Agreement dated October 15, 1998 between Affymetrix,
Inc. and American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, as
Rights Agent.
4.2(5 ) Indenture dated as of September 22, 1999, between
Affymetrix, Inc. and The Bank of New York, as Trustee.
4.3(6 ) Amendment No. 1 to Rights Agreement, dated as of February 7,
2000, between Affymetrix, Inc. and American Stock Transfer
& Trust Company, as Rights Agent.
4.4(7 ) Indenture, dated as of February 14, 2000 between Affymetrix,
Inc. and The Bank of New York, as Trustee.
4.5(8 ) Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of February 14,
2000, between Affymetrix, Inc. and certain purchasers
listed on the signature page thereto.
27 Financial data schedule.
</TABLE>
- ------------------------
(1) Incorporated by reference to the Registrant's registration statement on
Form S-4 as filed on October 14, 1999 (File No. 333-88987).
(2) Incorporated by reference to Appendix B to our definitive proxy statement on
Schedule 14A as filed on April 29, 1998 (File No. 000-28218).
(3) Incorporated by reference to the same number exhibit filed with Registrant's
Form 8-K as filed on September 29, 1998 (File No. 000-28218).
(4) Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1 of the Registrant's Form 8-A as filed
on October 16, 1998 (file No. 000-28218).
(5) Incorporated by reference to the Registrant's registration statement on
Form S-4 as filed on October 14, 1999 (File No. 333-88987).
(6) Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to our Form 8-A/A as filed on
March 29, 2000 (File No. 000-28218).
(7) Incorporated by reference to the same number exhibit filed with the
Registrant's registration statement on Form S-3 as filed on May 11, 2000
(File No. 333-36790).
(8) Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 filed with Registrant's
registration statement on Form S-3 as filed on May 11, 2000 (File
No. 333-36790).
<TABLE> <S> <C>
<PAGE>
<ARTICLE> 5
<LEGEND>
THIS SCHEDULE CONTAINS SUMMARY FINANCIAL INFORMATION EXTRACTED FROM ITEM 1 OF
THE COMPANY'S FORM 10-Q FOR THE PERIOD ENDED MARCH 31, 2000 AND IS QUALIFIED IN
ITS ENTIRETY BY REFERENCE TO SUCH FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.
</LEGEND>
<MULTIPLIER> 1,000
<S> <C>
<PERIOD-TYPE> 3-MOS
<FISCAL-YEAR-END> DEC-31-2000
<PERIOD-START> JAN-01-2000
<PERIOD-END> MAR-31-2000
<CASH> 128,496
<SECURITIES> 310,481
<RECEIVABLES> 30,203
<ALLOWANCES> (1,300)
<INVENTORY> 14,908
<CURRENT-ASSETS> 485,660
<PP&E> 64,425
<DEPRECIATION> (19,265)
<TOTAL-ASSETS> 559,430
<CURRENT-LIABILITIES> 48,464
<BONDS> 375,000
0
0
<COMMON> 273
<OTHER-SE> 127,693
<TOTAL-LIABILITY-AND-EQUITY> 559,430
<SALES> 36,673
<TOTAL-REVENUES> 40,231
<CGS> 13,506
<TOTAL-COSTS> 13,506
<OTHER-EXPENSES> 34,354
<LOSS-PROVISION> 0
<INTEREST-EXPENSE> 3,614
<INCOME-PRETAX> (6,269)
<INCOME-TAX> 0
<INCOME-CONTINUING> (6,269)
<DISCONTINUED> 0
<EXTRAORDINARY> 0
<CHANGES> 0
<NET-INCOME> (6,269)
<EPS-BASIC> (0.23)
<EPS-DILUTED> (0.23)
</TABLE>
