AS FILED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION ON NOVEMBER 24, 1998
File No. 33-70958
File No. 811-8104
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM N-1A
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE
SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 /X/
POST-EFFECTIVE AMENDMENT NO. 8
and
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER
INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940 /X/
AMENDMENT NO. 9
TIP INSTITUTIONAL FUNDS
(formerly, The Solon Funds)
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)
1235 Westlakes Drive, Suite 350
Berwyn, Pennsylvania 19312-2414
(Address of Principal Executive Offices, Zip Code)
STEPHEN KNEELEY
TURNER INVESTMENT PARTNERS, INC.
1235 WESTLAKES DRIVE, SUITE 350
BERWYN, PENNSYLVANIA 19312-2414
Copies to:
JAMES W. JENNINGS, ESQUIRE JOHN H. GRADY, JR., ESQUIRE
MORGAN, LEWIS & BOCKIUS LLP MORGAN, LEWIS & BOCKIUS LLP
2000 ONE LOGAN SQUARE 2000 ONE LOGAN SQUARE
PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA 19103 PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA 19103
It is proposed that this filing become effective (check appropriate box):
___ immediately upon filing pursuant to paragraph (b)
___ on [date] pursuant to paragraph (b)
_X_ 60 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)
___ on [date] pursuant to paragraph (a) of Rule 485
___ 75 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(2)
<PAGE>
-------------------------------------------------------
ALPHA SELECT FUNDS
-------------------------------------------------------
(FORMERLY, TIP INSTITUTIONAL FUNDS)
ADVISER CLASS SHARES
INSTITUTIONAL CLASS SHARES
PROSPECTUS
JANUARY 31, 1999
----------------------------------------------------
PENN CAPITAL STRATEGIC HIGH YIELD BOND FUND
TURNER MICRO CAP GROWTH FUND
TURNER SHORT DURATION GOVERNMENT FUNDS-ONE YEAR PORTFOLIO
TURNER SHORT DURATION GOVERNMENT FUNDS-THREE YEAR PORTFOLIO
----------------------------------------------------
INVESTMENT ADVISERS:
TURNER INVESTMENT PARTNERS, INC.
PENN CAPITAL MANAGEMENT COMPANY, INC.
THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION HAS NOT APPROVED ANY
FUND SHARES OR DETERMINED WHETHER
THIS PROSPECTUS IS ACCURATE OR COMPLETE.
IT IS A CRIME FOR ANYONE TO TELL YOU OTHERWISE.
<PAGE>
- ----------------------
Alpha Select Funds
- ----------------------
HOW TO READ THIS PROSPECTUS
Alpha Select Funds (formerly, TIP Institutional Funds) is a mutual fund family
that offers different classes of shares in separate investment portfolios
(Funds). The Funds have individual investment goals and strategies. This
prospectus gives you important information about the Adviser and Institutional
Class Shares of the Funds that you should know before investing. Please read
this prospectus and keep it for future reference.
We have arranged the prospectus into different sections so that you can easily
review this important information. On the next page, we discuss general
information you should know about investing in the Funds. For more detailed
information about the Funds, please see:
PENN CAPITAL STRATEGIC HIGH YIELD BOND FUND...........................
TURNER MICRO CAP GROWTH FUND..........................................
TURNER SHORT DURATION GOVERNMENT FUNDS-ONE YEAR PORTFOLIO.............
TURNER SHORT DURATION GOVERNMENT FUNDS-THREE YEAR PORTFOLIO...........
THE FUNDS' PRINCIPAL INVESTMENTS......................................
THE ADVISERS AND PORTFOLIO MANAGERS...................................
PURCHASING, SELLING AND EXCHANGING FUND SHARES........................
DIVIDENDS, DISTRIBUTIONS AND TAXES....................................
HOW FUND SHARES ARE DISTRIBUTED.......................................
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS..................................................
HOW TO OBTAIN MORE INFORMATION ABOUT ALPHA SELECT FUNDS.....Back Cover
For information about key terms and concepts, look for our "________________"
explanations.
[INSERT ICON MAP]
<PAGE>
INTRODUCTION
Each Fund is a mutual fund. A mutual fund pools shareholders' money and, using
professional investment managers, invests it in securities like stocks and
bonds. Before you invest, you should know a few things about investing in mutual
funds.
Each Fund has its own investment goal and strategies for reaching that goal.
Before investing, make sure that the Fund's goal matches your own. Each Adviser
invests Fund assets in a way that it believes will help the Fund achieve its
goal. We cannot guarantee that a Fund will achieve its goal. The Advisers make
judgments about the stock market, the economy, or companies, and these judgments
may not anticipate actual market movements or the impact of economic conditions
on company performance. In fact, no matter how good a job an Adviser does, you
could lose money on your investment in a Fund, just as you could with other
investments. A Fund share is not a bank deposit, and it is not insured or
guaranteed by the FDIC or any government agency.
The value of your investment in a Fund is based on the market value (or price)
of the securities the Fund holds. These prices change daily due to economic and
other events that affect securities markets generally, as well as those that
affect particular companies or governments. These price movements, sometimes
called volatility, will vary depending on the types of securities the Fund owns
and the markets in which they trade. The effect on a Fund's share price of a
change in the value of a single security holding will depend on how widely the
Fund diversifies its holdings.
YEAR 2000 RISKS
Like other mutual funds (and most organizations around the world), the Funds
could be affected by computer problems related to the year 2000. While no one
knows if these problems will have any impact on the Funds or on financial
markets in general, we are taking steps to protect Fund investors. These include
efforts to ensure that our own systems are year 2000 complaint and to determine
that the problem will not affect the systems used by major service providers.
Each Fund also makes an effort to determine that the companies in which it
invests will not be substantially affected. Whether these steps will be
effective can only be known for certain in the year 2000.
<PAGE>
PENN CAPITAL STRATEGIC HIGH YIELD BOND FUND
[ICON] FUND SUMMARY
TOP FIVE HOLDINGS* AS OF
---/---/---
- ----------- ----%
- ----------- ----%
- ----------- ----%
- ----------- ----%
- ----------- ----%
* Holdings may vary.
INVESTMENT GOAL HIGH CURRENT INCOME AND CAPITAL APPRECIATION
INVESTMENT FOCUS HIGH YIELD "JUNK BONDS" AND OTHER HIGH
YIELD SECURITIES
SHARE PRICE VOLATILITY HIGH
PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGY ATTEMPTS TO IDENTIFY HIGH YIELD JUNK BONDS
AND OTHER HIGH YIELD, HIGH RISK SECURITIES
WITH CAPITAL APPRECIATION POTENTIAL
INVESTOR PROFILE INVESTORS SEEKING CURRENT INCOME AND
LONG-TERM GROWTH OF CAPITAL WHO CAN
WITHSTAND THE SHARE PRICE VOLATILITY OF
JUNK BOND INVESTING.
[ICON] INVESTMENT STRATEGY
The Penn Capital Strategic High Yield Bond Fund invests primarily in fixed
income securities rated below investment grade ("junk bonds"). In selecting
investments for the Fund, the Adviser chooses securities that offer high current
yields as well as capital appreciation potential, including preferred stocks,
convertible securities, zero coupon obligations, payment-in-kind bonds, and
variable rate securities. The Fund's average weighted maturity may vary, and
will generally be ten years or less. The Fund will typically invest in
securities rated BB+/Ba1 or lower, and may purchase unrated securities and
securities rated in the lowest ratings categories.
Due to its investment strategy, the Fund may buy and sell securities frequently.
This may result in higher transaction costs and additional capital gains tax
liabilities.
[ICON] WHAT ARE THE RISKS OF INVESTING IN THE FUND?
Fixed income securities will typically change in value in response to interest
rate changes and other factors. Since the value of securities with longer
maturities will fluctuate more in response to interest rate changes, this risk
is greater for long-term debt securities than for short-term debt securities.
Fixed income securities, regardless of credit quality, experience price
volatility, especially in response to interest rate changes. However, high yield
junk bonds generally are less sensitive to interest rate changes.
Junk bonds involve greater risks of default or downgrade, are more volatile than
investment grade securities. Junk bonds involve greater risk of default or price
declines than investment grade securities due to actual or perceived changes in
an issuer's creditworthiness. In addition, issuers of junk bonds may be more
susceptible than other issuers to economic downturns. Junk bonds are subject to
the risk that the issuer may not be able to pay interest or dividends and
ultimately to repay principal upon maturity. Discontinuation of these payments
could substantially adversely affect the market price of the security.
The Fund is subject to the risk that its particular market segment, high yield
securities, may underperform other fixed income market segments or the fixed
income markets as a whole.
<PAGE>
PENN CAPITAL STRATEGIC HIGH YIELD BOND FUND
[ICON] PERFORMANCE INFORMATION
WHAT IS AN INDEX?
An index measures the market price of a specific group of securities in a
particular market of securities in a market sector. You cannot invest directly
in an index. An index does not have an investment adviser and does not pay any
commissions or expenses. If an index had expenses, its performance would be
lower.
This table compares the Fund's total return for the period from inception (March
1, 1998) through December 31, 1998 to those of the _________ Index.
Penn Capital
Strategic High Yield Bond Fund ___%
_____ Index* ___%
[ICON] FUND FEES AND EXPENSES
Every mutual fund has operating expenses to pay for professional advisory,
shareholder, distribution, administration and custody services and other costs
of doing business. This table describes the highest fees and expenses that you
may currently pay if you hold shares of the Fund.
ANNUAL FUND OPERATING EXPENSES
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
INSTITUTIONAL CLASS SHARES ADVISER CLASS SHARES
<S> <C> <C>
Investment Advisory Fees 0.55% 0.55%
Distribution and Service (12b-1) Fees None None
Other Expenses 0.13% 0.38%
----- -----
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses 0.68%* 0.93%*
</TABLE>
* The Fund's total actual annual fund operating expenses for the most recent
fiscal year were less than the amount shown above because the Adviser is waiving
a portion of its fee in order to keep total operating expenses at a specified
level. The Adviser may discontinue all or part of its waiver at any time. With
this fee waiver, the Fund's actual total operating expenses are as follows:
PENN CAPITAL STRATEGIC HIGH YIELD BOND FUND -ADVISER CLASS .__%
PENN CAPITAL STRATEGIC HIGH YIELD BOND FUND -INSTITUTIONAL CLASS .__%
For more information about these fees, see "Investment Advisers and
Sub-Advisers" and "Distribution of Fund Shares."
EXAMPLE
This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund
with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The Example assumes that you
invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated. The Example also
assumes that each year your investment has a 5% return and Fund expenses remain
the same. Although your actual costs and returns might be different, your
approximate costs of investing $10,000 in the Fund would be:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1 YEAR 3 YEARS 5 YEARS 10 YEARS
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Institutional Class Shares $__ $__ $__ $__
Adviser Class Shares $__ $__ $__ $__
</TABLE>
<PAGE>
TURNER MICRO CAP GROWTH FUND
[ICON] FUND SUMMARY
TOP FIVE HOLDINGS* AS OF
---/---/---
- ----------- ----%
- ----------- ----%
- ----------- ----%
- ----------- ----%
- ----------- ----%
* Holdings may vary.
INVESTMENT GOAL CAPITAL APPRECIATION
INVESTMENT FOCUS MICRO CAP U.S. COMMON STOCKS
SHARE PRICE VOLATILITY VERY HIGH
PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGY ATTEMPTS TO IDENTIFY MICRO CAP U.S.
COMPANIES WITH STRONG EARNINGS GROWTH
POTENTIAL
INVESTOR PROFILE INVESTORS SEEKING LONG-TERM GROWTH OF
CAPITAL WHO CAN WITHSTAND THE SHARE
PRICE VOLATILITY OF MICRO CAP EQUITY
INVESTING.
[ICON] INVESTMENT STRATEGY
The Turner Micro Cap Growth Fund invests primarily in common stocks
and other equity securities of U.S. companies with very small market
capitalizations (I.E., under $500 million) that the Adviser believes have strong
earnings growth potential. The Fund will invest in securities of companies that
are diversified across economic sectors, and will attempt to maintain sector
concentrations that approximate the economic sector weightings of the smallest
1/3 of its current benchmark, the Russell 2000 Growth Index.
Due to its investment strategy, the Fund may buy and sell securities frequently.
This may result in higher transaction costs and additional capital gains tax
liabilities.
[ICON] WHAT ARE THE RISKS OF INVESTING IN THE FUND?
Since it purchases equity securities, the Fund is subject to the risk that stock
prices will fall over short or extended periods of time. Historically, the
equity markets have moved in cycles, and the value of the Fund's equity
securities may fluctuate drastically from day-to-day. This price volatility is
the principal risk of investing in the Fund. In addition, the Fund is subject to
the risk that its principal market segment, U.S. micro capitalization growth
stocks, may underperform other equity market segments or the equity markets as a
whole.
The micro capitalization companies the Fund invests in may be extremely
vulnerable to adverse business or economic events than larger, more established
companies. In particular, these very small companies may have limited product
lines, markets and financial resources, and may depend upon a relatively small
management group. Micro cap stocks also tend to be traded only in the
over-the-counter market, and may not be as liquid as larger capitalization
stocks. As a result, the prices of the micro cap stocks owned by the Fund will
be very volatile, and the price movements of the Fund's shares will reflect that
volatility.
TURNER'S EQUITY INVESTMENT PHILOSOPHY
Turner believes earnings expectations drive stock prices. We buy companies with
strong earnings dynamics, and sell those with deteriorating earnings prospects.
We believe forecasts for market timing and sector rotation are unreliable, and
introduce an unacceptable level of risk. As a result, all portfolios are fully
invested and maintain sector weightings that are neutral to a benchmark index.
We believe it is imprudent to be overly concentrated in any individual security.
Therefore, we limit portfolio exposure to a maximum of 2% in any single issue
(except the securities that comprise more than 2% of the benchmark index, in
which case we may hold up to 120% of an issue's index weighting). These risk
control measures allow our stock selection process to be the primary determinant
of performance.
<PAGE>
TURNER MICRO CAP GROWTH FUND
[ICON] PERFORMANCE INFORMATION
WHAT IS AN INDEX?
An index measures the market price of a specific group of securities in a
particular market of securities in a market sector. You cannot invest directly
in an index. An index does not have an investment adviser and does not pay any
commissions or expenses. If an index had expenses, its performance would be
lower.
This table compares the Fund's total return for the period from inception (March
1, 1998) through December 31, 1998 to those of the _________ Index.
Micro Cap Growth Fund ___%
_____ Index* ___%
[ICON] FUND FEES AND EXPENSES
Every mutual fund has operating expenses to pay for professional advisory,
shareholder, distribution, administration and custody services and other costs
of doing business. This table describes the highest fees and expenses that you
may currently pay if you hold shares of the Fund.
ANNUAL FUND OPERATING EXPENSES
INSTITUTIONAL CLASS SHARES
Investment Advisory Fees 1.00%
Distribution and Service (12b-1) Fees None
Other Expenses 0.25%
-----
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses 1.25%*
* The Fund's total actual annual fund operating expenses for the most recent
fiscal year were less than the amount shown above because the Adviser is waiving
a portion of its fee in order to keep total operating expenses at a specified
level. The Adviser may discontinue all or part of its waiver at any time. With
this fee waiver, the Fund's actual total operating expenses are as follows:
TURNER MICRO CAP GROWTH FUND .___%
For more information about these fees, see "Investment Advisers and
Sub-Advisers" and "Distribution of Fund Shares."
EXAMPLE
This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund
with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The Example assumes that you
invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated. The Example also
assumes that each year your investment has a 5% return and Fund expenses remain
the same. Although your actual costs and returns might be different, your
approximate costs of investing $10,000 in the Fund would be:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1 YEAR 3 YEARS 5 YEARS 10 YEARS
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Turner Micro Cap Growth Fund $____ $____ $____ $____
</TABLE>
<PAGE>
TURNER SHORT DURATION GOVERNMENT FUNDS - ONE YEAR PORTFOLIO
[ICON] FUND SUMMARY
TOP FIVE HOLDINGS* AS OF
---/---/---
- ----------- ----%
- ----------- ----%
- ----------- ----%
- ----------- ----%
- ----------- ----%
* Holdings may vary.
INVESTMENT GOAL TOTAL RETURN CONSISTENT WITH THE
PRESERVATION OF CAPITAL
INVESTMENT FOCUS FIXED INCOME SECURITIES ISSUED OR
GUARANTEED BY THE U.S. GOVERNMENT
SHARE PRICE VOLATILITY LOW
PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGY ATTEMPTS TO IDENTIFY U.S. GOVERNMENT
SECURITIES THAT ARE ATTRACTIVELY PRICED
INVESTOR PROFILE INVESTORS SEEKING CURRENT INCOME WITH A VERY
LIMITED AMOUNT OF SHARE PRICE VOLATILITY.
[ICON] INVESTMENT STRATEGY
The Turner Short Duration Government Funds - One Year Portfolio invests
primarily in a broad array of securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S.
Government, its agencies or instrumentalities. The Fund may also invest to a
limited extent in high grade corporate debt obligations and cash equivalents.
The Fund's effective duration will be comparable to or less than that of
one-year U.S. Treasury bills. In selecting investments for the Fund, the Adviser
chooses U.S. Government obligations that are attractively priced relative to the
market or to similar instruments. The Adviser considers the "effective duration"
of the Fund's entire portfolio when selecting securities. The Fund's effective
duration will be comparable to or less than that of one-year U.S. Treasury
bills. Effective duration is a measure of a security's price volatility or risk
associated with changes in interest rates. Because the Adviser limits effective
duration to manage interest rate risk, the Fund may invest in securities with
any maturity.
[ICON] WHAT ARE THE RISKS OF INVESTING IN THE FUND?
The Fund's fixed income securities will change in value in response to interest
rate changes and other factors. Since the value of securities with longer
maturities will fluctuate more in response to interest rate changes, this risk
is greater for long-term debt securities than for short-term debt securities. In
addition, an issuer may be unable to make timely payments of principal or
interest to the Fund. Some investment grade debt securities have speculative
characteristics. Fixed income securities, regardless of credit quality,
experience price volatility, especially in response to interest rate changes. In
addition, the Fund is subject to the risk that is principal market segment,
short duration U.S. Government securities, may underperform other fixed income
market segments or the fixed income markets as a whole.
Although the Fund's U.S. Government securities are considered to be among the
safest investments, they are not guaranteed against price movements due to
changing interest rates. Obligations issued by some U.S. Government agencies are
backed by the U.S. Treasury, while others are backed solely by the ability of
the agency to borrow from the U.S. Treasury or by the agency's own resources.
Mortgage-backed securities are fixed income securities representing an interest
in a pool of underlying mortgage loans. They are sensitive to changes in
interest rates, but may respond to these changes differently from other fixed
income securities due to the possibility of prepayment of the underlying
mortgage loans. As a result, it may not be possible to determine in advance the
actual maturity date or average life of a mortgage-backed security, and may be
difficult to calculate the average maturity of a portfolio of mortgage-backed
securities and, therefore, the ability to assess the volatility risk of that
portfolio. Therefore, the Adviser may not be able to effectively manage the
duration of the Fund's portfolio during periods where significant numbers of the
underlying mortgages are being prepaid.
<PAGE>
TURNER SHORT DURATION GOVERNMENT FUNDS - ONE YEAR PORTFOLIO
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[ICON] PERFORMANCE INFORMATION
The bar chart and the performance table below illustrate the volatility of an
investment in the Fund. Of course, the Fund's past performance does not
necessarily indicate how the Fund will perform in the future.
This bar chart shows changes in the performance of the Fund's Institutional
Class Shares from year to year for four years.*
[BAR CHART]
* The performance information shown above is based on a calendar year.
BEST QUARTER WORST QUARTER
----% ----%
---- ----
This table compares the Fund's average annual total returns for the periods
ending December 31, 1998 to those of the _____ Index.
1 YEAR SINCE INCEPTION
(MARCH 1, 1994)
Turner Short Duration
Government Funds-
One Year Portfolio ___% ___%
_____ Index ___% ___%
WHAT IS AN INDEX?
An index measures the market price of a specific group of securities in a
particular market of securities in a market sector. You cannot invest directly
in an index. An index does not have an investment adviser and does not pay any
commissions or expenses. If an index had expenses, its performance would be
lower.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[ICON] FUND FEES AND EXPENSES
Every mutual fund has operating expenses to pay for professional advisory,
shareholder, distribution, administration and custody services and other costs
of doing business. This table describes the highest fees and expenses that you
may currently pay if you hold shares of the Fund.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
ANNUAL FUND OPERATING EXPENSES
INSTITUTIONAL CLASS SHARES ADVISER CLASS SHARES
<S> <C> <C>
Investment Advisory Fees 0.25% 0.25%
Distribution and Service (12b-1) Fees None None
Other Expenses 0.11% 0.36%
----- -----
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses 0.36%* 0.61%*
</TABLE>
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* The Fund's total actual annual fund operating expenses for the most recent
fiscal year were less than the amount shown above because the Adviser is waiving
a portion of its fee in order to keep total operating expenses at a specified
level. The Adviser may discontinue all or part of its waiver at any time. With
this fee waiver, the Fund's actual total operating expenses are as follows:
TURNER SHORT DURATION -ONE YEAR PORTFOLIO -ADVISER CLASS .__%
TURNER SHORT DURATION -ONE YEAR PORTFOLIO -INSTITUTIONAL CLASS .__%
For more information about these fees, see "Investment Advisers and
Sub-Advisers" and "Distribution of Fund Shares."
EXAMPLE
This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund
with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The Example assumes that you
invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated. The Example also
assumes that each year your investment has a 5% return and Fund expenses remain
the same. Although your actual costs and returns might be different, your
approximate costs of investing $10,000 in the Fund would be:
1 YEAR 3 YEARS 5 YEARS 10 YEARS
Institutional Class Shares $__ $__ $__ $__
Adviser Class Shares $__ $__ $__ $__
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
9
<PAGE>
TURNER SHORT DURATION GOVERNMENT FUNDS - THREE YEAR PORTFOLIO
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[ICON] FUND SUMMARY
TOP FIVE HOLDINGS* AS OF
---/---/---
- ----------- ----%
- ----------- ----%
- ----------- ----%
- ----------- ----%
- ----------- ----%
* Holdings may vary.
INVESTMENT GOAL TOTAL RETURN CONSISTENT WITH THE
PRESERVATION OF CAPITAL
INVESTMENT FOCUS FIXED INCOME SECURITIES ISSUED OR
GUARANTEED BY THE U.S. GOVERNMENT
SHARE PRICE VOLATILITY LOW TO MEDIUM
PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGY ATTEMPTS TO IDENTIFY U.S. GOVERNMENT
SECURITIES THAT ARE ATTRACTIVELY PRICED
INVESTOR PROFILE INVESTORS SEEKING CURRENT INCOME AND
A LIMITED AMOUNT OF SHARE PRICE VOLATILITY.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[ICON] INVESTMENT STRATEGY
The Turner Short Duration Government Funds - Three Year Portfolio invests
primarily in a broad array of securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S.
Government, its agencies or instrumentalities. The Fund may also invest to a
limited extent in high grade corporate debt obligations and cash equivalents. In
selecting investments for the Fund, the Adviser chooses U.S. Government
obligations that are attractively priced relative to the market or to similar
instruments. The Adviser considers the "effective duration" of the Fund's entire
portfolio when selecting securities. The Fund's effective duration will be
comparable to or less than that of three-year U.S. Treasury notes. Effective
duration is a measure of a security's price volatility or risk associated with
changes in interest rates. Because the Adviser limits effective duration to
manage interest rate risk, the Fund may invest in securities with any maturity.
[ICON] WHAT ARE THE RISKS OF INVESTING IN THE FUND?
The Fund's fixed income securities will change in value in response to interest
rate changes and other factors. Since the value of securities with longer
maturities will fluctuate more in response to interest rate changes, this risk
is greater for long-term debt securities than for short-term debt securities. In
addition, an issuer may be unable to make timely payments of principal or
interest to the Fund. Some investment grade debt securities have speculative
characteristics. Fixed income securities, regardless of credit quality,
experience price volatility, especially in response to interest rate changes. In
addition, the Fund is subject to the risk that is principal market segment,
short duration U.S. Government securities, may underperform other fixed income
market segments or the fixed income markets as a whole.
Although the Fund's U.S. Government securities are considered to be among the
safest investments, they are not guaranteed against price movements due to
changing interest rates. Obligations issued by some U.S. Government agencies are
backed by the U.S. Treasury, while others are backed solely by the ability of
the agency to borrow from the U.S. Treasury or by the agency's own resources.
Mortgage-backed securities are fixed income securities representing an interest
in a pool of underlying mortgage loans. They are sensitive to changes in
interest rates, but may respond to these changes differently from other fixed
income securities due to the possibility of prepayment of the underlying
mortgage loans. As a result, it may not be possible to determine in advance the
actual maturity date or average life of a mortgage-backed security, and may be
difficult to calculate the average maturity of a portfolio of mortgage-backed
securities and, therefore, the ability to assess the volatility risk of that
portfolio. Therefore, the Adviser may not be able to effectively manage the
duration of the Fund's portfolio during periods where significant numbers of the
underlying mortgages are being prepaid.
10
<PAGE>
TURNER SHORT DURATION GOVERNMENT FUNDS - THREE YEAR PORTFOLIO
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[ICON] PERFORMANCE INFORMATION
The bar chart and the performance table below illustrate the volatility of an
investment in the Fund. Of course, the Fund's past performance does not
necessarily indicate how the Fund will perform in the future.
This bar chart shows changes in the performance of the Fund's Institutional
Class Shares from year to year for four years.*
[BAR CHART]
* The performance information shown above is based on a calendar year.
BEST QUARTER WORST QUARTER
----% ----%
---- ----
This table compares the Fund's average annual total returns for the periods
ending December 31, 1998 to those of the _____ Index.
1 YEAR SINCE INCEPTION
(MARCH 1, 1994)
Turner Short Duration
Government Funds-
Three Year Portfolio ___% ___%
_____ Index ___% ___%
WHAT IS AN INDEX?
An index measures the market price of a specific group of securities in a
particular market of securities in a market sector. You cannot invest directly
in an index. An index does not have an investment adviser and does not pay any
commissions or expenses. If an index had expenses, its performance would be
lower.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[ICON] FUND FEES AND EXPENSES
Every mutual fund has operating expenses to pay for professional advisory,
shareholder, distribution, administration and custody services and other costs
of doing business. This table describes the highest fees and expenses that you
may currently pay if you hold shares of the Fund.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
ANNUAL FUND OPERATING EXPENSES
INSTITUTIONAL CLASS SHARES ADVISER CLASS SHARES
<S> <C> <C>
Investment Advisory Fees 0.25% 0.25%
Distribution and Service (12b-1) Fees None None
Other Expenses 0.11% 0.36%
---- ----
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses 0.36%* 0.61%*
</TABLE>
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* The Fund's total actual annual fund operating expenses for the most recent
fiscal year were less than the amount shown above because the Adviser is waiving
a portion of its fee in order to keep total operating expenses at a specified
level. The Adviser may discontinue all or part of its waiver at any time. With
this fee waiver, the Fund's actual total operating expenses are as follows:
TURNER SHORT DURATION -THREE-YEAR PORTFOLIO -ADVISER CLASS .__%
TURNER SHORT DURATION -THREE-YEAR PORTFOLIO -INSTITUTIONAL CLASS .__%
For more information about these fees, see "Investment Advisers and
Sub-Advisers" and "Distribution of Fund Shares."
EXAMPLE
This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund
with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The Example assumes that you
invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated. The Example also
assumes that each year your investment has a 5% return and Fund expenses remain
the same. Although your actual costs and returns might be different, your
approximate costs of investing $10,000 in the Fund would be:
1 YEAR 3 YEARS 5 YEARS 10 YEARS
Institutional Class Shares $__ $__ $__ $__
Adviser Class Shares $__ $__ $__ $__
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
11
<PAGE>
[ICON] THE FUNDS' PRINCIPAL INVESTMENTS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
THE TABLE BELOW SHOWS EACH FUND'S PRINCIPAL INVESTMENTS. IN OTHER WORDS, THE
TABLE DESCRIBES THE TYPE OR TYPES OF INVESTMENTS THAT WE BELIEVE WILL MOST
LIKELY HELP EACH FUND ACHIEVE ITS INVESTMENT GOAL.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PENN CAPITAL TURNER MICRO CAP TURNER SHORT DURATION TURNER SHORT DURATION
STRATEGIC HIGH YIELD GROWTH FUND GOVERNMENT FUNDS- ONE YEAR GOVERNMENT FUNDS- THREE YEAR
BOND FUND PORTFOLIO PORTFOLIO
- --------------------------- ---------------------- ------------------ ---------------------------- --------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
U.S. COMMON STOCKS X
- --------------------------- ---------------------- ------------------ ---------------------------- --------------------------------
FIXED INCOME OBLIGATIONS X X X
- --------------------------- ---------------------- ------------------ ---------------------------- --------------------------------
JUNK BONDS X
- --------------------------- ---------------------- ------------------ ---------------------------- --------------------------------
</TABLE>
Each Fund also may invest in other securities, use other strategies and engage
in other investment practices, which are described in detail in our Statement of
Additional Information (SAI). Of course, we cannot guarantee that any Fund will
achieve its investment goal.
The investments listed above and the investments and strategies described
throughout this prospectus are those that we use under normal conditions. During
unusual economic or market conditions or for temporary defensive or liquidity
purposes, each Fund may invest up to 100% of its assets in cash, repurchase
agreements and short-term obligations that would not ordinarily be consistent
with the Funds' objectives. The Funds will do so only if the Adviser believes
that the risk of loss outweighs the opportunity for capital gains or higher
income. When a Fund is investing for temporary defensive purposes, it is not
pursuing its investment goal.
[ICON] INVESTMENT ADVISERS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
As the Investment Advisers, Turner Investment Partners, Inc., and Penn Capital
Management Company, Inc., make investment decisions for the Funds and
continuously review, supervise and administer the Funds' investment programs.
The Board of Trustees supervises the Advisers and establishes policies that the
Advisers must follow in their management activities and to ensure compliance
with the Funds' investment policies and guidelines.
Turner Investment Partners, Inc. ("Turner"), an SEC-registered adviser, serves
as the Adviser to the Micro Cap Growth Fund and the Short Duration Government
Funds - One and Three Year Portfolios. As of October 31, 1998, Turner had
approximately $3 billion in assets under management. The Funds pay Turner
investment advisory fees as follows:
MICRO CAP GROWTH FUND.................................................1.00%
SHORT DURATION GOVERNMENT FUNDS-ONE YEAR PORTFOLIO.................... .25%
SHORT DURATION GOVERNMENT FUNDS-THREE YEAR PORTFOLIO.................. .25%
Penn Capital Management Company, Inc. ("Penn Capital"), an SEC-registered
adviser, serves as the Adviser to the Strategic High Yield Bond Fund. As of
October 31, 1998, Penn Capital had approximately $350 million in assets under
management. The Fund pays Penn Capital a base investment advisory fee as
follows:
PENN CAPITAL STRATEGIC HIGH YIELD BOND FUND............................55%
The Advisers may use their affiliates as brokers for Fund transactions provided
certain SEC guidelines are followed. These guidelines are described in the SAI.
12
<PAGE>
PORTFOLIO MANAGERS
PENN CAPITAL STRATEGIC HIGH YIELD BOND FUND
The Penn Capital Strategic High Yield Bond Fund is managed by a team consisting
of certain principals of Penn Capital, including co-managers Richard A. Hocker
and Kathleen A. News. Prior to founding Penn Capital, Mr. Hocker was a
shareholder and senior portfolio manager of Delaware Investment Advisers, an
investment management firm. Ms. News, a co-founder of the Penn Capital, serves
as the senior portfolio manager of the Adviser. Ms. News has over 20 years of
investment experience at both the Penn Capital and Delaware Management Co.,
including over 10 years managing high yield portfolios.
TURNER MICRO CAP GROWTH FUND
Frank L. Sustersic, CFA, and Robert E. Turner, CFA, manage the Turner Micro Cap
Growth Fund. Mr. Sustersic, a Senior Security Analyst and Equity Portfolio
Manager at Turner, serves as lead portfolio manager to the Fund. Mr. Sustersic
joined Turner in 1994. Mr. Sustersic has 15 years of investment experience. Mr.
Turner, Chairman and Chief Investment Officer for Turner, serves as co-portfolio
manager to the Fund. Mr. Turner founded Turner in 1990. Mr. Turner has 15 years
of investment experience.
TURNER SHORT DURATION FUNDS - ONE AND THREE YEAR PORTFOLIOS
James L. Midanek, a Fixed Income Portfolio Manager of Turner Investment
Partners, Inc., is the portfolio manager of the Turner Short Duration Government
Funds - One and Three Year Portfolios. Mr. Midanek joined Turner in 1997. Prior
to joining Turner, Mr. Midanek was Chief Investment Officer of Solon Asset
Management, L.P., which he founded in 1989, and Portfolio Manager of the Funds.
From 1992 to 1994, Mr. Midanek was Chief Investment Officer to the Fixed Income
Group of Montgomery Asset Management, L.P., where he managed four institutional
fixed income funds.
<PAGE>
[ICON] PURCHASING, SELLING AND EXCHANGING FUND SHARES
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CHOOSING ADVISER OR INSTITUTIONAL CLASS SHARES
Adviser and Institutional Class Shares have different expenses and other
characteristics, allowing you to choose the class that best suits your needs.
You should consider the amount you want to invest, and how long you plan to have
it invested.
ADVISER CLASS SHARES INSTITUTIONAL CLASS SHARES
o NO SALES CHARGE o NO SALES CHARGE
o HIGHER ANNUAL EXPENSES o LOWER ANNUAL EXPENSES
o $10,000 MINIMUM INITIAL INVESTMENT o $100,000 MINIMUM INITIAL INVESTMENT
For Adviser Class Shares, the minimum initial investment for IRAs is $500.
HOW TO PURCHASE FUND SHARES
You may purchase Adviser and Institutional Class Shares directly from us by:
o mail
o telephone
o wire, or
o Automated Clearing House (ACH).
WHEN CAN YOU PURCHASE SHARES?
You may purchase shares on any day that the New York Stock Exchange is open for
business (a Business Day).
To purchase shares directly from us, please call 1-888-TIP-7654. Write your
check, payable in U.S. dollars, to "Alpha Select Funds" and include the name of
the appropriate Fund(s) on the check. You may mail your check to us at: Alpha
Select Funds, P.O. Box 419805, Kansas City, Missouri 64141-6805. We cannot
accept third-party checks, credit cards, credit card checks or cash.
You may also purchase shares by wiring money to the Funds as follows: United
Missouri Bank of Kansas, N.A.; ABA #10-10-00695; for Account Number
98-7060-116-8; Further Credit: [_________ Fund]. The shareholder's name and
account number must be specified in the wire.
FOR CUSTOMERS OF FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS
If you purchase, sell or exchange Fund shares through a financial institution
(rather than directly from us), you may have to transmit your purchase, sale and
exchange requests to your financial institution at an earlier time for your
transaction to become effective that day. This allows the financial institution
time to process your request and transmit it to us. For more information about
how to purchase, sell or exchange Fund shares through your financial
institution, you should contact your financial institution directly.
We may reject any purchase order if we determine that accepting the order would
not be in the best interests of the Funds or their shareholders.
Certain investors who deal directly with a financial intermediary will have to
follow the intermediary's procedures for transacting with the Funds.
The price per share (the offering price) will be the net asset value per share
(NAV) next determined after we receive your purchase order plus, in the case of
Adviser Class Shares, the applicable front-end sales charge. We calculate each
Fund's NAV once each Business Day at the regularly-scheduled close of normal
trading on the New York Stock Exchange (normally, 4:00 p.m. Eastern time). So,
if you want to receive the current Business Day's NAV, generally we must receive
your purchase order before 4:00 p.m. Eastern time.
14
<PAGE>
NET ASSET VALUE
NAV for one Fund share is the value of that share's portion of all of the assets
in the Fund.
HOW WE CALCULATE NAV
In calculating NAV, we generally value a Fund's portfolio securities at market
price. If market prices are unavailable or we think that they are unreliable, we
may determine fair value prices using methods approved by the Board of Trustees.
Some Funds hold portfolio securities that are listed on foreign exchanges. These
securities may trade on weekends or other days when the Funds do not calculate
NAV. As a result, the NAV of these Funds' shares may change on days when you
cannot purchase or sell Fund shares.
MINIMUM PURCHASES
To purchase Adviser Class Shares for the first time, you must invest at least
$10,000 in any Fund. To purchase additional Adviser Class Shares of any Fund,
you must invest at least $1,000. To purchase Institutional Class Shares for the
first time, you must invest at least $100,000 in any Fund. To purchase
additional Institutional Class Shares of any Fund, you must invest at least
$5,000. We may accept investments of smaller amounts at our discretion.
SELLING FUND SHARES
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
HOW TO SELL YOUR FUND SHARES
You may sell (sometimes called "redeem") your shares on any Business Day by
contacting us directly by mail or telephone. You may also sell your shares by
contacting your financial institution by mail or telephone. The sale price of
each share will be the next NAV determined after we receive your request.
TELEPHONE TRANSACTIONS
Purchasing, selling and exchanging Fund shares over the telephone is extremely
convenient, but not without risk. Although we have certain safeguards and
procedures to confirm the identity of callers and the authenticity of
instructions, we are not responsible for any losses or costs incurred by
following telephone instructions we reasonably believe to be genuine. If you or
your financial institution transact with us over the telephone, you will
generally bear the risk of any loss.
RECEIVING YOUR MONEY
Normally, we will send your sale proceeds within three Business Days after we
receive your request, but it may take up to seven Business Days. Your proceeds
can be wired to your bank account (subject to a $10 wire fee) or sent to you by
check. IF YOU RECENTLY PURCHASED YOUR SHARES BY CHECK OR THROUGH ACH, REDEMPTION
PROCEEDS MAY NOT BE AVAILABLE UNTIL YOUR CHECK HAS CLEARED (WHICH MAY TAKE UP TO
15 BUSINESS DAYS).
SIGNATURE GUARANTEES
A signature guarantee is a widely accepted way to protect shareholders by
verifying the signature on certain redemption requests. We require signature
guarantees to be provided in the following circumstances: (1) written requests
for redemptions in excess of $50,000; (2) all written requests to wire
redemption proceeds to a bank other than the bank previously designated on the
account application; and (3) redemption requests that provide that the
redemption proceeds should be sent to an address other than the address of
record or to a person other than the registered shareholder(s) for the account.
Signature guarantees can be obtained from any of the following institutions: a
national or state bank, a trust company, a federal savings and loan association,
or a broker-dealer that is a member of a national securities exchange. We do not
accept guarantees from notaries public or from organizations that do not provide
reimbursement in the case of fraud.
15
<PAGE>
REDEMPTIONS IN KIND
We generally pay sale proceeds in cash. However, under unusual conditions that
make the payment of cash unwise (and for the protection of the Fund's remaining
shareholders) we might pay all or part of your redemption proceeds in liquid
securities with a market value equal to the redemption price (redemption in
kind). Although it is highly unlikely that your shares would ever be redeemed in
kind, you would probably have to pay brokerage costs to sell the securities
distributed to you, as well as taxes on any capital gains from the sale as with
any redemption.
INVOLUNTARY SALES OF YOUR SHARES
If your account balance drops below the required minimum of $1,000 for Adviser
Class Shares, you may be required to sell your shares. You will always be given
at least 60 days' written notice to give you time to add to your account and
avoid selling your shares.
SUSPENSION OF YOUR RIGHT TO SELL YOUR SHARES
We may suspend your right to sell your shares if the NYSE restricts trading, the
SEC declares an emergency or for other reasons. More information about this is
in our Statement of Additional Information.
EXCHANGING FUND SHARES
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
HOW TO EXCHANGE YOUR SHARES
EXCHANGES
When you exchange shares, you are really selling your shares and buying other
Fund shares. So, your sale price and purchase price will be based on the NAV
next calculated after we receive your exchange request.
You may exchange your shares on any Business Day by contacting us directly by
mail or telephone. You may also exchange shares through your financial
institution by mail or telephone. IF YOU RECENTLY PURCHASED SHARES BY CHECK OR
THROUGH ACH, YOU MAY NOT BE ABLE TO EXCHANGE YOUR SHARES UNTIL YOUR CHECK HAS
CLEARED (WHICH MAY TAKE UP TO 15 BUSINESS DAYS). This exchange privilege may be
changed or canceled at any time upon 60 days' notice.
ADVISER CLASS SHARES
You may exchange Adviser Class Shares of any Fund for Adviser Class Shares of
any other Fund.
INSTITUTIONAL CLASS SHARES
You may exchange Institutional Class Shares of any Fund for Institutional Class
Shares of any other Fund.
DIVIDENDS, DISTRIBUTIONS AND TAXES
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DIVIDENDS AND DISTRIBUTIONS
The Strategic High Yield Bond Fund and the Micro Cap Fund distribute their
investment income at least annually as a dividend to shareholders. The Short
Duration Government Funds distribute their investment income monthly as a
dividend to shareholders. The Funds make distributions of capital gains, if any,
at least annually.
16
<PAGE>
You will receive dividends and distributions in the form of additional Fund
shares unless you elect to receive payment in cash. To elect cash payment, you
must notify us in writing prior to the date of the distribution. Your election
will be effective for dividends and distributions paid after we receive your
written notice. To cancel your election, simply send us written notice.
THE "RECORD DATE"
If you own Fund shares on a Fund's record date, you will be entitled to receive
the distribution.
TAXES
PLEASE CONSULT YOUR TAX ADVISOR REGARDING YOUR SPECIFIC QUESTIONS ABOUT FEDERAL,
STATE AND LOCAL INCOME TAXES. Below we have summarized some important tax issues
that affect the Funds and their shareholders. This summary is based on current
tax laws, which may change.
Each Fund will distribute substantially all of its investment income and capital
gains, if any. The dividends and distributions you receive may be subject to
federal, state and local taxation, depending upon your tax situation. Capital
gains distributions may be taxable at different rates depending on the length of
time a Fund holds its portfolio securities. YOU MAY BE TAXED ON EACH SALE OR
EXCHANGE OF FUND SHARES.
FUND DISTRIBUTIONS
Distributions you receive from a Fund may be taxable whether or not you reinvest
them.
The Funds use a tax management technique known as "highest in, first out." Using
this technique, the portfolio holdings that have experienced the smallest gain
or largest loss are sold first in an effort to minimize capital gains and
enhance after-tax returns.
MORE INFORMATION ABOUT TAXES IS IN OUR SAI.
DISTRIBUTION OF FUND SHARES
SEI Investments Distribution Co. (SIDCo.) is the distributor of the shares of
the Funds. SIDCo. receives no compensation for distributing the Funds' shares.
The Funds have adopted a shareholder service plan for their Adviser Class Shares
that allows the Funds to pay service fees for services provided to shareholders.
Because these fees are paid out of a Fund's assets continuously, over time these
fees will increase the cost of your investment and may cost you more than paying
other types of sales charges. For Adviser Class Shares, shareholder service
fees, as a percentage of average daily net assets, are .25%.
Institutional Class Shares do not pay distribution or shareholder servicing
fees.
17
<PAGE>
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The tables that follow present performance information about shares of each
Fund. This information is intended to help you understand each Fund's financial
performance for the past five years, or, if shorter, the period of the Fund's
operations. Some of this information reflects financial information for a single
Fund share. The total returns in the tables represent the rate that you would
have earned [or lost] on an investment in a Fund, assuming you reinvested all of
your dividends and distributions.
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
Study these tables to see how each Fund performed since it began investment
operations.
This information has been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, independent public
accountants. Their report, along with each Fund's financial statements, appears
in our annual report that accompanies our Statement of Additional Information.
You can obtain our annual report, which contains more performance information,
at no charge by calling 1-888-TIP-7654.
PENN CAPITAL STRATEGIC HIGH YIELD BOND FUND
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net Asset Value, Beginning of Period
INCOME FROM INVESTMENT OPERATIONS
Net Investment Income
Net Gains or Losses on Securities (both realized and unrealized)
Total From Investment Operations
LESS DISTRIBUTIONS
Dividends (from net investment income)
Distributions (from capital gains)
Returns of Capital
Total Distributions
Net Asset Value, End of Period
TOTAL RETURN
................................................................................
RATIOS/SUPPLEMENTAL DATA
Net Assets, End of Period
Ratio of Expenses to Average Net Assets
Ratio of Net Income to Average Net Assets
Portfolio Turnover Rate
- ----------------------
1 Commencement of operations.
2 Total return excludes the effect of sales charge.
3 Annualized.
18
<PAGE>
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
This information has been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, independent public
accountants. Their report, along with each Fund's financial statements, appears
in our annual report that accompanies our Statement of Additional Information.
You can obtain our annual report, which contains more performance information,
at no charge by calling 1-888-TIP-7654.
TURNER MICRO CAP GROWTH FUND
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net Asset Value, Beginning of Period
INCOME FROM INVESTMENT OPERATIONS
Net Investment Income
Net Gains or Losses on Securities (both realized and unrealized)
Total From Investment Operations
LESS DISTRIBUTIONS
Dividends (from net investment income)
Distributions (from capital gains)
Returns of Capital
Total Distributions
Net Asset Value, End of Period
TOTAL RETURN
................................................................................
RATIOS/SUPPLEMENTAL DATA
Net Assets, End of Period
Ratio of Expenses to Average Net Assets
Ratio of Net Income to Average Net Assets
Portfolio Turnover Rate
- -----------------------
1 Commencement of operations.
2 Total return excludes the effect of sales charge.
3 Annualized.
19
<PAGE>
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
This information has been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, independent public
accountants. Their report, along with each Fund's financial statements, appears
in our annual report that accompanies our Statement of Additional Information.
You can obtain our annual report, which contains more performance information,
at no charge by calling 1-888-TIP-7654.
TURNER SHORT DURATION GOVERNMENT FUNDS- ONE YEAR PORTFOLIO
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net Asset Value, Beginning of Period
INCOME FROM INVESTMENT OPERATIONS
Net Investment Income
Net Gains or Losses on Securities (both realized and unrealized)
Total From Investment Operations
LESS DISTRIBUTIONS
Dividends (from net investment income)
Distributions (from capital gains)
Returns of Capital
Total Distributions
Net Asset Value, End of Period
TOTAL RETURN
................................................................................
RATIOS/SUPPLEMENTAL DATA
Net Assets, End of Period
Ratio of Expenses to Average Net Assets
Ratio of Net Income to Average Net Assets
Portfolio Turnover Rate
- -----------------------
1 Commencement of operations.
2 Total return excludes the effect of sales charge.
3 Annualized.
20
<PAGE>
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
This information has been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, independent public
accountants. Their report, along with each Fund's financial statements, appears
in our annual report that accompanies our Statement of Additional Information.
You can obtain our annual report, which contains more performance information,
at no charge by calling 1-888-TIP-7654.
TURNER SHORT DURATION GOVERNMENT FUNDS- THREE YEAR PORTFOLIO
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net Asset Value, Beginning of Period
INCOME FROM INVESTMENT OPERATIONS
Net Investment Income
Net Gains or Losses on Securities (both realized and unrealized)
Total From Investment Operations
LESS DISTRIBUTIONS
Dividends (from net investment income)
Distributions (from capital gains)
Returns of Capital
Total Distributions
Net Asset Value, End of Period
TOTAL RETURN
................................................................................
RATIOS/SUPPLEMENTAL DATA
Net Assets, End of Period
Ratio of Expenses to Average Net Assets
Ratio of Net Income to Average Net Assets
Portfolio Turnover Rate
- -----------------------
1 Commencement of operations.
2 Total return excludes the effect of sales charge.
3 Annualized.
21
<PAGE>
- -----------------------------
[LOGO] Alpha Select Funds
- -----------------------------
INVESTMENT ADVISERS
TURNER INVESTMENT PARTNERS, INC.
PENN CAPITAL MANAGEMENT COMPANY, INC.
DISTRIBUTOR
SEI INVESTMENTS DISTRIBUTION CO.
LEGAL COUNSEL
MORGAN, LEWIS & BOCKIUS LLP
More information about the Funds is available without charge through the
following:
STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION (SAI)
- ----------------------------------------------------
Our SAI dated January 31, 1999, includes more detailed information about Alpha
Select Funds. The SAI is on file with the SEC and is incorporated by reference
into this prospectus. This means that the SAI, for legal purposes, is a part of
this prospectus.
ANNUAL AND SEMI-ANNUAL REPORTS
- ----------------------------------------------------
These reports list the Funds' holdings and contain information from the Funds'
managers about fund strategies and recent market conditions and trends. The
reports also contain detailed financial information about the Funds.
TO OBTAIN MORE INFORMATION:
- ----------------------------------------------------
BY TELEPHONE: Call 1-888-TIP-7654
BY MAIL: Write to us at:
P.O. Box 419805
Kansas City, MO 64141-6805
BY INTERNET: http://www.turner-invest.com
FROM THE SEC: You can also obtain the SAI and the Annual Report and the
Semi-Annual Report, as well as other information about the TIP Institutional
Funds, from the SEC's website ("http://www.sec.gov"). You may review and copy
documents at the SEC Public Reference Room in Washington, DC (for information
call 1-800-SEC-0330). You may request documents by mail from the SEC, upon
payment of a duplicating fee, by writing to: Securities and Exchange Commission,
Public Reference Section, Washington, DC 20549-6009.
The Fund's Investment Company Act registration number is 811-8104.
22
<PAGE>
ALPHA SELECT FUNDS
(FORMERLY, TIP INSTITUTIONAL FUNDS)
PENN CAPITAL STRATEGIC HIGH YIELD BOND FUND
TURNER MICRO CAP GROWTH FUND
TURNER SHORT DURATION GOVERNMENT FUNDS - ONE YEAR PORTFOLIO
TURNER SHORT DURATION GOVERNMENT FUNDS - THREE YEAR PORTFOLIO
INVESTMENT ADVISERS:
TURNER INVESTMENT PARTNERS, INC.
PENN CAPITAL MANAGEMENT COMPANY, INC.
This Statement of Additional Information is not a prospectus and relates to the
Institutional and Adviser Class Shares of the Penn Capital Strategic High Yield
Bond Fund (the "High Yield Fund"), Turner Short Duration Government Funds - One
Year Portfolio ("One Year Portfolio"), Turner Short Duration Government Funds -
Three Year Portfolio ("Three Year Portfolio"), and Institutional Class Shares of
the Turner Micro Cap Growth Fund (the "Micro Cap Fund"), (each a "Fund" and,
together, the "Funds"). It is intended to provide additional information
regarding the activities and operations of the Alpha Select Funds (formerly, TIP
Institutional Funds) (the "Trust"), and should be read in conjunction with the
Funds' Prospectus dated January 31, 1999. The Prospectus may be obtained without
charge by calling 1-888-TIP-7654.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
THE TRUST....................................................................S-2
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES...........................................S-2
RISK FACTORS.................................................................S-2
DESCRIPTION OF PERMITTED INVESTMENTS.........................................S-2
INVESTMENT LIMITATIONS......................................................S-10
THE ADVISERS................................................................S-12
THE ADMINISTRATOR...........................................................S-13
DISTRIBUTION AND SHAREHOLDER SERVICING......................................S-13
TRUSTEES AND OFFICERS OF THE TRUST..........................................S-14
COMPUTATION OF YIELD AND TOTAL RETURN.......................................S-16
PURCHASE AND REDEMPTION OF SHARES...........................................S-17
DETERMINATION OF NET ASSET VALUE............................................S-17
TAXES.......................................................................S-18
PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS......................................................S-20
DESCRIPTION OF SHARES.......................................................S-22
SHAREHOLDER LIABILITY.......................................................S-22
LIMITATION OF TRUSTEES' LIABILITY...........................................S-22
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS........................................................S-23
EXPERTS.....................................................................S-23
LEGAL COUNSEL...............................................................S-23
APPENDIX.....................................................................A-1
January 31, 1999
<PAGE>
THE TRUST
This Statement of Additional Information relates to the Adviser and
Institutional Class Shares of the Penn Capital Strategic High Yield Bond Fund
(the "High Yield Fund"), the Institutional Class Shares of the Turner Micro Cap
Growth Fund (the "Micro Cap Fund") and the Adviser and Institutional Class
Shares of the Turner Short Duration Government Funds - One Year Portfolio ("One
Year Portfolio") and the Turner Short Duration Government Funds - Three Year
Portfolio ("Three Year Portfolio") (each a "Fund" and, together, the "Funds").
Each Fund is a separate series of the Alpha Select Funds (formerly, TIP
Institutional Funds) (formerly, The Solon Funds) (the "Trust"), a diversified,
open-end management investment company established as a Delaware business trust
under a Declaration of Trust dated October 25, 1993 and amended and restated on
August 14, 1998. The Declaration of Trust permits the Trust to offer separate
series ("portfolios") of shares of beneficial interest ("shares"). Each
portfolio is a separate mutual fund, and each share of each portfolio represents
an equal proportionate interest in that portfolio. See "Description of Shares."
Capitalized terms not defined herein are defined in the Prospectus offering
shares of the Funds.
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES
PENN CAPITAL STRATEGIC HIGH YIELD BOND FUND
The Strategic High Yield Fund seeks to maximize income through high current
yield and, as a secondary objective, to produce above average capital
appreciation.
The Strategic High Yield Fund invests primarily (and, under normal conditions,
at least 65% of its total assets) in a diversified portfolio of high yield
securities (otherwise known as "junk bonds"). Securities and other financial
instruments of issuers that may or may not be paying interest on a current basis
and that are currently experiencing financial difficulties including,
potentially, companies which are undergoing or are likely to undergo financial
restructuring or liquidation, both under and outside of Federal Bankruptcy Code
proceedings, are also included in the high yield universe and may be acquired by
the Fund. The Fund invests primarily in publicly traded securities, and, to a
lesser extent, privately placed restricted securities and other financial
instruments for which there is a more limited trading market.
Penn Capital Management Company, Inc. ("Penn Capital"), believes that the market
for high yield securities is relatively inefficient compared to other securities
due to the limited availability of information on such securities, the lack of
extensive institutional research coverage of and market making activity with
respect to many issuers of such securities, the complexity and difficulty of
evaluation of such securities, and the limited liquidity, at times, of such
securities. Penn Capital intends to exploit these inefficiencies using its
knowledge and experience in the high yield market. Penn Capital seeks to reduce
risk through diversification, credit analysis and attention to current
developments and trends in both the economy and financial markets.
The Fund will invest primarily in securities rated BB+ or Ba1 or lower by
Standard & Poor's Corporation ("S&P") and/or Moody's Investors Service, Inc.
("Moody's"), and may invest in
S-2
<PAGE>
non-rated securities and in securities rated in the lowest rating category
established by S&P and/or Moody's. Securities in the lowest ratings categories
may be in default. See Appendix A for a discussion of these ratings. Any
remaining assets may be invested in equity securities and investment grade fixed
income securities. In addition, the Fund may engage in short sales against the
box.
TURNER MICRO CAP GROWTH FUND
The Micro Cap Fund seeks capital appreciation.
The Micro Cap Fund invests primarily (and, under normal conditions, at least 65%
of its total assets) in a diversified portfolio of common stocks of issuers with
market capitalizations of not more than $500 million at the time of purchase
that the Adviser believes to have strong earnings growth potential. Under normal
market conditions, the Fund will maintain a weighted average market
capitalization of less than $350 million. The Fund will not hold securities with
market capitalizations over $1 billion. The Fund seeks to purchase securities
that are well diversified across economic sectors. The Micro Cap Fund will
typically invest in companies whose market capitalizations, at the time of
purchase, are $350 million or under. The Fund may invest in warrants and rights
to purchase common stocks, and may invest up to 10% of its total assets in micro
cap stocks of foreign issuers and in ADRs.
The Micro Cap Fund invests in some of the smallest, most dynamic publicly-traded
companies. These emerging growth companies are typically in the early stages of
a long-term development cycle. In many cases, these companies offer unique
products, services or technologies and often serve special or expanding market
niches. Because of their small size, and less frequent trading activity, the
companies represented in the Fund's portfolio may be overlooked or not closely
followed by investors. Accordingly, their prices may rise either as a result of
improved business fundamentals, particularly when earnings grow faster than
general expectations, or as more investors appreciate the full extent of a
company's underlying business potential. Thus in the opinion of the Fund's
Adviser, they offer substantial appreciation potential for meeting retirement
and other long-term goals.
The Fund's share price can move up and down significantly, even over short
periods of time, due to the volatile nature of micro capitalization stocks. To
manage risk and improve liquidity, Turner expects to invest in numerous small,
publicly traded companies, representing a broad cross-section of U.S.
industries.
The Fund may invest in repurchase agreements, which entail a risk of loss should
the seller default on its obligation to repurchase the security which is the
subject of the transaction. The Fund may participate in a securities lending
program, which entails a risk of loss should a borrower fail financially. The
Fund may purchase Rule 144A securities. The Fund may invest in certain
instruments such as certain types of when-issued securities, and may borrow
money and sell securities short. In addition, the Fund may, although it has no
present intention to do so, invest a portion of its assets in derivatives,
including futures, options, forwards and swaps, caps, floors and collars.
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The Fund may also invest in investment grade corporate bonds, foreign
securities, zero coupon, pay-in-kind and deferred payment bonds, shares of other
investment companies and cash equivalents. The Fund may invest up to 15% of its
net assets in illiquid securities, and for temporary defensive purposes, may
invest up to 100% of its total assets in money market instruments (including
U.S. Government securities, bank obligations, commercial paper rated in the
highest rating category by an NRSRO) and shares of money market investment
companies and may hold a portion of its assets in cash.
SHORT DURATION ONE YEAR PORTFOLIO AND SHORT DURATION THREE YEAR PORTFOLIO
The investment objective of each Fund is to provide maximum total return
consistent with preservation of capital and prudent investment management. Under
normal circumstances, the Short Duration One Year Portfolio seeks to maintain an
average effective duration comparable to or less than that of one-year U.S.
Treasury bills. The Short Duration Three Year Portfolio seeks to maintain an
average effective duration comparable to or less than that of three-year U.S.
Treasury notes.
Effective duration is an indicator of a security's price volatility or risk
associated with changes in interest rates. Because the Funds' Adviser seeks to
manage interest rate risk by limiting effective duration, each Fund may invest
in securities of any maturity. See "Effective Duration."
Under normal market conditions, Each Fund invests at least 65% of the value of
its total assets in obligations either issued or guaranteed by the U.S.
Government, its agencies or instrumentalities ("U.S. Government securities").
Certain of the obligations, including U.S. Treasury bills, notes and bonds and
mortgage-related securities of the Government National Mortgage Association
("GNMA"), are issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government. Other securities
issued by U.S. Government agencies or instrumentalities are supported only by
the credit of the agency or instrumentality, such as those issued by the Federal
Home Loan Bank, while others, such as those issued by Fannie Mae and the Student
Loan Marketing Association, have an additional line of credit with the U.S.
Treasury.
The balance of each Fund's assets may be invested in cash and high grade debt
securities, shares of other investment companies, including privately issued
mortgage-related securities and general obligation bonds and notes of various
states and their political subdivisions, rated within the three highest grades
assigned by S&P (AA, AA or A), Moody's (aa, Aa or A), or Fitch Investor
Services, Inc. ("Fitch") (AA, AA or A), or, if unrated by S&P, Moody's and/or
Fitch, judged by the Adviser to be of comparable quality.
The relative proportions of the Funds' net assets invested in the different
types of permissible investments will vary from time to time depending upon the
Fund Adviser's assessment of the relative market value of the sectors in which
the Funds invest. In addition, the Funds may purchase securities that are
trading at a discount from par when the Adviser believes there is a potential
for capital appreciation.
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The Funds may enter into forward commitments or purchase securities on a when
issued basis, and may invest in variable or floating rate obligations. The Funds
may enter into futures and options transactions. The Funds may invest up to 10%
of its net assets in illiquid securities.
For temporary defensive purposes, during periods when the Funds' Adviser
determines that market conditions warrant, each Fund may invest up to 100% of
its assets in Money Market Instruments and in cash.
EFFECTIVE DURATION
Traditionally, a debt security's maturity has been used to represent the
sensitivity of the debt security's price to changes in interest rates (which is
the interest rate risk or volatility of the security). However, term to maturity
measures only the time until a debt security provides its final payment, taking
no account of the pattern of the security's payments prior to maturity. Most
debt securities provide interest ("coupon") payments in addition to final
("par") payment at maturity. Some debt securities also have call provisions
allowing the issuer to repay the instrument in full before the stated maturity
date. Depending on the relative magnitude of these payments, the market values
of debt securities respond differently to changes in the level and structure of
interest rates.
Effective duration is a measure of the expected change in value of a fixed
income security for a given change in interest rates. For example, if interest
rates rose by one percent, the value of a security having an effective duration
of two generally would decrease by two percent. Effective duration has its
origins in standard duration, which was developed as a more precise alternative
to the concept of term to maturity. Standard duration, which is expressed in
years, takes the length of the time intervals between the present time and the
time that the interest and principal payments are scheduled, or in the case of a
callable bond, expected to be received, and weighs them by the present values of
the cash to be received at each future point in time.
Effective duration was developed because the standard duration calculation does
not always properly reflect the interest rate risk of a security. The Funds'
Adviser uses more sophisticated analytical techniques to arrive at an effective
duration that incorporates the economic life of a security into the
determination of its interest rate risk. These techniques may involve the
Adviser's estimates of future economic parameters that may vary from actual
future values. Each Fund expects that, under normal circumstances, the dollar
weighted stated maximum average maturity (or period until the next interest rate
reset date) of the Fund's portfolio securities may be longer than its average
portfolio effective duration and, although unlikely, in some cases could be as
long as 30 years.
Because the Short Duration Three Year Portfolio's average portfolio effective
duration can be comparable to that of a three-year U.S. Treasury note, whose
value is more sensitive to changes in interest rates than is the one-year U.S.
Treasury bill, the Funds' Adviser seeks to preserve the Short Duration Three
Year Portfolio's capital through careful management of interest rate risk using
effective duration measurements and investment techniques. The Trust believes
that effective duration provides the Adviser a more precise definition and means
of managing interest
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rate risk and preserving the Short Duration Three Year Portfolio's capital than
do traditional average weighted maturity measures. In addition, while the Short
Duration Three Year Portfolio's average portfolio effective duration is
permitted to be comparable to a three-year U.S. Treasury note, the Trust expects
that under many normal market conditions the Portfolio's average portfolio
effective duration will be comparable to that of a two-year U.S. Treasury note
and thus less sensitive to interest rate risk than a three-year U.S. Treasury
note.
RISK FACTORS
PORTFOLIO TURNOVER
An annual portfolio turnover rate in excess of 100% may result from the
Adviser's investment strategy or from prevailing market conditions. Portfolio
turnover rates in excess of 100% may result in higher transaction costs,
including increased brokerage commissions, and higher levels of taxable capital
gain.
YEAR 2000
The Trust depends on the smooth functioning of computer systems in almost every
aspect of its business. Like other mutual funds, business and individuals around
the world, the Trust could be adversely affected if the computer systems used by
its service providers do not properly process dates on and after January 1, 2000
and distinguish between the year 200 and the year 1900. The Trust has asked its
service providers whether they expect to have their computer systems adjusted
for the year 2000 transition, and received assurances from each that its system
is expected to accommodate the year 2000 without material adverse consequences
to the Trust. The Trust and its shareholders may experience losses if these
assurances prove to be incorrect or as a result of year 2000 computer
difficulties experienced by issuers of portfolio securities or third parties,
such as custodians, banks, broker-dealers or others with which the Trust does
business.
DESCRIPTION OF PERMITTED INVESTMENTS
AMERICAN DEPOSITARY RECEIPTS ("ADRS")
ADRs are securities, typically issued by a U.S. financial institution (a
"depositary"), that evidence ownership interests in a security or a pool of
securities issued by a foreign issuer and deposited with the depositary. ADRs
may be available through "sponsored" or "unsponsored" facilities. A sponsored
facility is established jointly by the issuer of the security underlying the
receipt and a depositary, whereas an unsponsored facility may be established by
a depositary without participation by the issuer of the underlying security.
Holders of unsponsored depositary receipts generally bear all the costs of the
unsponsored facility. The depositary of an unsponsored facility frequently is
under no obligation to distribute shareholder communications received from the
issuer of the deposited security or to pass through, to the holders of the
receipts, voting rights with respect to the deposited securities.
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ASSET-BACKED SECURITIES
Asset-backed securities are secured by non-mortgage assets such as company
receivables, truck and auto loans, leases and credit card receivables. Such
securities are generally issued as pass-through certificates, which represent
undivided fractional ownership interests in the underlying pools of assets. Such
securities also may be debt instruments, which are also known as collateralized
obligations and are generally issued as the debt of a special purpose entity,
such as a trust, organized solely for the purpose of owning such assets and
issuing such debt.
Asset-backed securities are not issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government, its
agencies or instrumentalities; however, the payment of principal and interest on
such obligations may be guaranteed up to certain amounts and for a certain
period by a letter of credit issued by a financial institution (such as a bank
or insurance company) unaffiliated with the issuers of such securities. The
purchase of asset-backed securities raises risk considerations peculiar to the
financing of the instruments underlying such securities. For example, there is a
risk that another party could acquire an interest in the obligations superior to
that of the holders of the asset-backed securities. There also is the
possibility that recoveries on repossessed collateral may not, in some cases, be
available to support payments on those securities. Asset-backed securities
entail prepayment risk, which may vary depending on the type of asset, but is
generally less than the prepayment risk associated with mortgage-backed
securities. In addition, credit card receivables are unsecured obligations of
card holders.
BORROWING
Each Fund may borrow money from banks in an aggregate amount not to exceed
one-third of the value of the Fund's total assets, and the Fund may pledge its
assets in connection with such borrowings. In addition, each Fund considers
reverse repurchase agreements and dollar roll transactions to be borrowings and
accordingly, limits its borrowings from all sources to no more than one-half of
the value of the Fund's total assets. Under most normal market conditions,
however, each Fund expects that borrowings from all sources only occasionally
will exceed one third of the value of its total assets.
The Funds may borrow money equal to 5% of their total assets for temporary
purposes to meet redemptions or to pay dividends. Borrowing may exaggerate
changes in the net asset value of the Fund's shares and in the return on the
Fund's portfolio. Although the principal of any borrowing will be fixed, the
Fund's assets may change in value during the time the borrowing is outstanding.
The Funds may be required to liquidate portfolio securities at a time when it
would be disadvantageous to do so in order to make payments with respect to any
borrowing. The Funds may be required to segregate liquid assets in an amount
sufficient to meet their obligations in connection with such borrowings. In an
interest rate arbitrage transaction, a Fund borrows money at one interest rate
and lends the proceeds at another, higher interest rate. These transactions
involve a number of risks, including the risk that the borrower will fail or
otherwise become insolvent or that there will be a significant change in
prevailing interest rates.
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CONVERTIBLE SECURITIES
Convertible securities are corporate securities that are exchangeable for a set
number of another security at a prestated price. Convertible securities
typically have characteristics of both fixed income and equity securities.
Because of the conversion feature, the market value of a convertible security
tends to move with the market value of the underlying stock. The value of a
convertible security is also affected by prevailing interest rates, the credit
quality of the issuer and any call provisions.
DERIVATIVES
Derivatives are securities that derive their value from other securities,
financial instruments or indices. The following are considered derivative
securities: options on futures, futures, options (E.G., puts and calls), swap
agreements, mortgage-backed securities (E.G., CMOs, REMICs, IOs and POs), when
issued securities and forward commitments, floating and variable rate
securities, convertible securities, "stripped" U.S. Treasury securities (E.G.,
Receipts and STRIPs), privately issued stripped securities (E.G., TGRs, TRs, and
CATs). See elsewhere in the ADescription of Permitted Investments and Risk
Factors@ and in the Statement of Additional Information for discussions of these
various instruments.
DOLLAR ROLL TRANSACTIONS
The Short Duration Funds may enter into dollar roll transactions. A dollar roll
transaction involves a sale by a Fund of a security to a financial institution
concurrently with an agreement by the Fund to repurchase a similar security from
the institution at a later date at an agreed-upon price. The securities that are
repurchased will bear the same interest rate as those sold, but generally will
be collateralized by different pools of mortgages with different prepayment
histories than those sold. During the period between the sale and repurchase, a
Fund will not be entitled to receive interest and principal payments on the
securities sold. Proceeds of the sale will be invested in additional portfolio
securities of the particular Fund, and the income from these investments,
together with any additional fee income received on the sale, may or may not
generate income from the Fund exceeding the yield on the securities sold.
At the time that a Fund enters into a dollar roll transaction, it causes the
Fund's custodian to segregate cash or liquid securities having a value equal to
the repurchase price (including accrued interest) and will subsequently mark the
assets to market daily to ensure that full collateralization is maintained.
EQUITY SECURITIES
The High Yield Bond and Micro Cap Funds may invest in public and privately
issued equity securities, including common and preferred stocks, warrants,
rights to subscribe to common stock and convertible securities. Investments in
equity securities in general are subject to market risks that may cause their
prices to fluctuate over time. The value of securities convertible into equity
securities, such as warrants or convertible debt, is also affected by prevailing
interest rates,
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the credit quality of the issuer and any call provision. Fluctuations in the
value of equity securities in which a Fund invests will cause the net asset
value of that Fund to fluctuate. An investment in such funds may be more
suitable for long-term investors who can bear the risk of short-term principal
fluctuations.
FIXED INCOME SECURITIES
The market value of fixed income investments will change in response to interest
rate changes and other factors. During periods of falling interest rates, the
values of outstanding fixed income securities generally rise. Conversely, during
periods of rising interest rates, the values of such securities generally
decline. Changes in the value of these securities will not necessarily affect
cash income derived from these securities, but will affect the investing Fund's
net asset value.
Investment grade bonds include securities rated BBB by S&P and/or Baa by
Moody's, which may be regarded as having speculative characteristics as to
repayment of principal. If a security is downgraded, the Fund's Adviser will
review the situation and take appropriate action.
FUTURES CONTRACTS AND OPTIONS ON FUTURES CONTRACTS
Futures contracts provide for the future sale by one party and purchase by
another party of a specified amount of a specific security at a specified future
time and at a specified price. An option on a futures contract gives the
purchaser the right, in exchange for a premium, to assume a position in a
futures contract at a specified exercise price during the term of the option. A
Fund may use futures contracts and related options for bona fide hedging
purposes, to offset changes in the value of securities held or expected to be
acquired or be disposed of, to minimize fluctuations in foreign currencies, or
to gain exposure to a particular market or instrument. A Fund will minimize the
risk that it will be unable to close out a futures contract by only entering
into futures contracts which are traded on national futures exchanges. In
addition, a Fund will only sell covered futures contracts and options on futures
contracts.
Stock and bond index futures are futures contracts for various stock and bond
indices that are traded on registered securities exchanges. Stock and bond index
futures contracts obligate the seller to deliver (and the purchaser to take) an
amount of cash equal to a specific dollar amount times the difference between
the value of a specific stock or bond index at the close of the last trading day
of the contract and the price at which the agreement is made.
Stock and bond index futures contracts are bilateral agreements pursuant to
which two parties agree to take or make delivery of an amount of cash equal to a
specified dollar amount times the difference between the stock or bond index
value at the close of trading of the contract and the price at which the futures
contract is originally struck. No physical delivery of the stocks or bonds
comprising the Index is made; generally contracts are closed out prior to the
expiration date of the contracts.
No price is paid upon entering into futures contracts. Instead, a Fund would be
required to deposit an amount of cash or U.S. Treasury securities known as
"initial margin." Subsequent
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payments, called "variation margin," to and from the broker, would be made on a
daily basis as the value of the futures position varies (a process known as
"marking to market"). The margin is in the nature of a performance bond or
good-faith deposit on a futures contract.
To reduce its net interest rate risk exposure with respect to its portfolio,
each Short Duration Fund may sell and, in certain circumstances, purchase,
interest rate futures contracts. An interest rate futures contract is an
agreement by a Fund to purchase or sell debt securities, usually U.S. Government
securities, at a specified date and price. When a Fund sells an interest rate
futures contract, it enters into a futures contract to sell an underlying
security. Each Short Duration Fund may purchase interest rate futures contracts
(I.E., enter into a futures contract to purchase the underlying debt security)
only to close out an interest rate futures contract it has previously sold.
Each Short Duration Fund will not engage in transactions involving interest rate
futures contracts for speculation but only as a hedge against changes in the
market values of debt securities held or intended to be purchased by the Fund
and where the transactions are appropriate to reduce the Fund's interest rate
risks. There can be no assurance that hedging transactions will be successful. A
Fund also could be exposed to risks if it could not close out its futures or
options positions because of any illiquid secondary market.
Futures and options have effective durations which, in general, are closely
related to the effective duration of the securities which underlie them. Holding
purchased futures or call option positions (backed by segregated cash or other
liquid securities) will lengthen the duration of a Fund's portfolio.
A Fund may enter into futures contracts and options on futures contracts traded
on an exchange regulated by the Commodities Futures Trading Commission ("CFTC"),
as long as, to the extent that such transactions are not for "bona fide hedging
purposes," the aggregate initial margin and premiums on such positions
(excluding the amount by which such options are in the money) do not exceed 5%
of a Fund's net assets. A Fund may buy and sell futures contracts and related
options to manage its exposure to changing interest rates and securities prices.
Some strategies reduce a Fund's exposure to price fluctuations, while others
tend to increase its market exposure. Futures and options on futures can be
volatile instruments and involve certain risks that could negatively impact a
Fund's return.
In order to avoid leveraging and related risks, when a Fund purchases futures
contracts, it will collateralize its position by depositing an amount of cash or
liquid securities equal to the market value of the futures positions held, less
margin deposits, in a segregated account with its custodian. Collateral equal to
the current market value of the futures position will be marked to market on a
daily basis.
There are risks associated with these activities, including the following: (1)
the success of a hedging strategy may depend on an ability to predict movements
in the prices of individual securities, fluctuations in markets and movements in
interest rates; (2) there may be an imperfect or no correlation between the
changes in market value of the securities held by the Fund and the prices of
futures and options on futures; (3) there may not be a liquid secondary market
for a
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futures contract or option; (4) trading restrictions or limitations may be
imposed by an exchange; and (5) government regulations may restrict trading in
futures contracts and futures options.
HIGH YIELD FOREIGN SOVEREIGN DEBT SECURITIES
Investing in fixed and floating rate high yield foreign sovereign debt
securities will expose the High Yield Bond Fund to the direct or indirect
consequences of political, social or economic changes in the countries that
issue the securities. The ability and willingness of sovereign obligers in
developing and emerging market countries or the governmental authorities that
control repayment of their external debt to pay principal and interest on such
debt when due may depend on general economic and political conditions within the
relevant country. Countries such as those in which the Fund may invest have
historically experienced, and may continue to experience, high rates of
inflation, high interest rates, exchange rate or trade difficulties and extreme
poverty and unemployment. Many of these countries are also characterized by
political uncertainty or instability.
HIGH YIELD, HIGH RISK SECURITIES
Securities rated below investment grade are often referred to as Ajunk bonds.@
Fixed income securities are subject to the risk of an issuer's ability to meet
principal and interest payments on the obligation (credit risk), and may also be
subject to price volatility due to such factors as interest rate sensitivity,
market perception of the creditworthiness of the issuer and general market
liquidity (market risk). Lower rated or unrated (I.E., high yield) securities
are more likely to react to developments affecting market and credit risk than
are more highly rated securities, which primarily react to movements in the
general level of interest rates. The market values of fixed-income securities
tend to vary inversely with the level of interest rates. Yields and market
values of high yield securities will fluctuate over time, reflecting not only
changing interest rates but the market's perception of credit quality and the
outlook for economic growth. When economic conditions appear to be
deteriorating, medium to lower rated securities may decline in value due to
heightened concern over credit quality, regardless of prevailing interest rates.
Investors should carefully consider the relative risks of investing in high
yield securities and understand that such securities are not generally meant for
short-term investing.
Adverse economic developments can disrupt the market for high yield securities,
and severely affect the ability of issuers, especially highly leveraged issuers,
to service their debt obligations or to repay their obligations upon maturity
which may lead to a higher incidence of default on such securities. In addition,
the secondary market for high yield securities, which is concentrated in
relatively few market makers, may not be as liquid as the secondary market for
more highly rated securities. As a result, the High Yield Bond Fund's Adviser
could find it more difficult to sell these securities or may be able to sell the
securities only at prices lower than if such securities were widely traded.
Furthermore the Fund may experience difficulty in valuing certain securities at
certain times. Prices realized upon the sale of such lower rated or unrated
securities, under these circumstances, may be less than the prices used in
calculating the Fund's net asset value.
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Prices for high yield securities may be affected by legislative and regulatory
developments. These laws could adversely affect the Fund's net asset value and
investment practices, the secondary market value for high yield securities, the
financial condition of issuers of these securities and the value of outstanding
high yield securities.
Lower rated or unrated debt obligations also present risks based on payment
expectations. If an issuer calls the obligations for redemption, the Fund may
have to replace the security with a lower yielding security, resulting in a
decreased return for investors. If the Fund experiences unexpected net
redemptions, it may be forced to sell its higher rated securities, resulting in
a decline in the overall credit quality of the Fund's investment portfolio and
increasing the exposure of the Fund to the risks of high yield securities.
Credit quality in the junk bond market can change suddenly and unexpectedly, and
even recently issued credit ratings may not fully reflect the actual risks
imposed by a particular security.
ILLIQUID SECURITIES
Illiquid securities are securities that cannot be disposed of within seven
business days at approximately the price at which they are being carried on a
Fund's books. Illiquid securities include demand instruments with demand notice
periods exceeding seven days, securities for which there is no active secondary
market, and repurchase agreements with maturities over seven days in length.
INVESTMENT COMPANY SHARES
Each Fund may invest in shares of other investment companies to the extent
permitted by applicable law and subject to certain restrictions. A Fund's
purchase of such investment company securities results in the layering of
expenses, such that shareholders would indirectly bear a proportionate share of
the operating expenses of such investment companies, including advisory fees, in
addition to paying Fund expenses. Under applicable regulations, a Fund is
prohibited from acquiring the securities of another investment company if, as a
result of such acquisition: (1) the Fund owns more than 3% of the total voting
stock of the other company; (2) securities issued by any one investment company
represent more than 5% of the Fund's total assets; or (3) securities (other than
treasury stock) issued by all investment companies represent more than 10% of
the total assets of the Fund.
LEVERAGING
Leveraging a Fund creates an opportunity for increased net income, but, at the
same time, creates special risk considerations. For example, leveraging may
exaggerate changes in the net asset value of a Fund's shares and in the yield on
the Fund's portfolio. Although the principal of such borrowings will be fixed, a
Fund's assets may change in value during the time the borrowing is outstanding.
Leveraging creates interest expenses for a Fund which could exceed the income
from the assets retained. To the extent the income derived from securities
purchased with borrowed funds exceeds the interest that a Fund will have to pay,
the Fund's net income will be greater than if leveraging were not used.
Conversely, if the income from the assets retained with
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borrowed funds is not sufficient to cover the cost of leveraging, the net income
of the Fund will be less than if leveraging were not used, and therefore the
amount available for distribution to stockholders as dividends will be reduced.
Because the SEC staff believes both reverse repurchase agreements and dollar
roll transactions are collateralized borrowings, the SEC staff believes that
they create leverage, which is a speculative factor. The requirement that such
transactions be fully collateralized by assets segregated by the Fund's
Custodian does impose a practical limit on the leverage created by such
transactions. The Adviser will not use leverage if as a result the effective
duration of the portfolios of the Short Duration One Year Portfolio and the
Short Duration Three Year Portfolio would not be comparable or less than that of
a one-year U.S. Treasury note and a three-year U.S. Treasury note, respectively.
LOAN PARTICIPATIONS AND ASSIGNMENTS
Loan participations are interests in loans to corporations or governments which
are administered by the lending bank or agent for a syndicate member
("intermediary bank"). In a loan participation, the borrower will be deemed to
be the issuer of the participation interest, except to the extent the High Yield
Bond Fund derives its rights from the intermediary bank. Because the
intermediary bank does not guarantee a loan participation in any way, a loan
participation is subject to the credit risks generally associated with the
underlying borrower. In the event of the bankruptcy or insolvency of the
borrower, a loan participation may be subject to certain defenses that can be
asserted by such borrower as a result of improper conduct by the intermediary
bank. In addition, in the event the underlying borrower fails to pay principal
and interest when due, the Fund may be subject to delays, expenses and risks
that are greater than those that would have been involved if the Fund had
purchased a direct obligation of such borrower. Under the terms of a loan
participation, the Fund may be regarded as a creditor of the intermediary bank,
(rather than of the underlying borrower), so that the Fund may also be subject
to the risk that the intermediary bank may become insolvent.
Loan assignments are investments in assignments of all or a portion of certain
loans from third parties. When a Fund purchases assignments from lenders it will
acquire direct rights against the borrower on the loan. Since assignments are
arranged through private negotiations between potential assignees and assignors,
however, the rights and obligations acquired by the Fund may differ from, and be
more limited than, those held by the assigning lender. Loan participations and
assignments may be considered liquid, as determined by the Fund's adviser based
on criteria approved by the Board of Trustees.
MICRO CAP COMPANY STOCKS
The Micro Cap Fund may invest to a significant degree in equity securities of
smaller institutions. Any investment in a smaller capitalization company
involves greater risk than that customarily associated with investments in
larger, more established companies. This increased risk may be due to the
greater business risks of smaller size, limited markets and financial resources,
narrow product lines and lack of depth of management. The securities of smaller
companies are often traded in the over-the-counter market, and if listed on a
national securities exchange, may not be traded in volumes typical for that
exchange. Thus, the securities of
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smaller companies are likely to be less liquid, and subject to more abrupt or
erratic market movements than securities of larger, more established companies.
In addition, in order to sell this type of holding, the Fund may need to
discount the securities from recent prices or dispose of the securities over a
longer period of time. Also, because micro-cap companies normally have fewer
shares outstanding and these shares trade less frequently than large companies,
it may be more difficult for the Fund to buy and sell significant amounts of
such shares without an unfavorable impact on prevailing market prices.
Micro cap companies may have limited product lines, markets or financial
resources; may lack management depth or experience; and may be more vulnerable
to adverse general market or economic developments than the large companies.
Some of the companies in which the Micro Cap Fund may invest may distribute,
sell or produce products which have recently been brought to market and may be
dependent on key personnel. The prices of small company securities are often
more volatile than prices associated with large company issues, and can display
abrupt or erratic movements at times, due to limited trading volumes and less
publicly available information.
MONEY MARKET INSTRUMENTS
Market instruments are high-quality, dollar-denominated, short-term debt
instruments. They consist of: (i) bankers' acceptances, certificates of
deposits, notes and time deposits of highly-rated U.S. banks and U.S. branches
of foreign banks; (ii) U.S. Treasury obligations and obligations issued or
guaranteed by the agencies and instrumentalities of the U.S. Government; (iii)
high-quality commercial paper issued by U.S. and foreign corporations; (iv) debt
obligations with a maturity of one year or less issued by corporations with
outstanding high-quality commercial paper ratings; and (v) repurchase agreements
involving any of the foregoing obligations entered into with highly-rated banks
and broker-dealers; and (vi) to the extent permitted by applicable law, shares
of other investment companies investing solely in money market instruments.
MORTGAGE-RELATED SECURITIES
A mortgage-related security is an interest in a pool of mortgage loans. Most
mortgage-related securities are pass-through securities, which means that
investors receive payments consisting of a pro rata share of both principal and
interest (less servicing and other fees), as well as unscheduled prepayments, as
mortgages in the underlying mortgages pool are paid off by the borrowers.
AGENCY-MORTGAGE-RELATED SECURITIES: The dominant issuers or guarantors of
mortgage-related securities today are GNMA, Fannie Mae and the Federal Home Loan
Mortgage Corporation ("FHLMC"). GNMA creates pass-through securities from pools
of U.S. government guaranteed or insured (Federal Housing Authority or Veterans
Administration) mortgages originated by mortgage bankers, commercial banks and
savings associations. Fannie Mae and FHLMC issue pass-through securities from
pools of conventional and federally insured and/or guaranteed
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residential mortgages obtained from various entities, including savings
associations, savings banks, commercial banks, credit unions and mortgage
bankers.
FANNIE MAE SECURITIES: Fannie Mae is a federally chartered and privately owned
corporation established under the Federal National Mortgage Association Charter
Act. Fannie Mae provides funds to the mortgage market primarily by purchasing
home mortgage loans from local lenders, thereby providing them with funds for
additional lending. Fannie Mae acquires funds to purchase loans from investors
that may not ordinarily invest in mortgage loans directly, thereby expanding the
total amount of funds available for housing.
Each Fannie Mae pass-through security represents a proportionate interest in one
or more pools of loans, including conventional mortgage loans (that is, mortgage
loans that are not insured or guaranteed by any U.S. Government agency). The
loans contained in those pools consist of one or more of the following: (1)
fixed-rate level payment mortgage loans; (2) fixed-rate growing equity mortgage
loans; (3) fixed-rate graduated payment mortgage loans; (4) variable rate
mortgage loans; (5) other adjustable rate mortgage loans; and (6) fixed-rate
mortgage loans secured by multifamily projects.
FEDERAL HOME LOAN MORTGAGE CORPORATION SECURITIES: The operations of FHLMC
currently consist primarily of the purchase of first lien, conventional,
residential mortgage loans and participation interests in mortgage loan and the
resale of the mortgage loans in the form of mortgage-backed securities.
The mortgage loans underlying FHLMC securities typically consist of fixed rate
or adjustable rate mortgage loans with original terms to maturity of between 10
to 30 years, substantially all of which are secured by first liens on
one-to-four-family residential properties or multifamily projects. Each mortgage
loan must include whole loans, participation interests in whole loans and
undivided interests in whole loans and participation in another FHLMC security.
GOVERNMENT NATIONAL MORTGAGE ASSOCIATION SECURITIES: GNMA is a wholly owned
corporate instrumentality of the U.S. Government within the Department of
Housing and Urban Development. In order to meet its obligations under a
guarantee, GNMA is authorized to borrow from the U.S. Treasury with no
limitations as to amount.
GNMA pass-through securities may represent a proportionate interest in one or
more pools of the following types of mortgage loans: (1) fixed-rate level
payment mortgage loans; (2) fixed rate graduated payment mortgage loans; (3)
fixed-rate growing equity mortgage loans; (4) fixed-rate mortgage loans secured
by manufactured (mobile) homes; (5) mortgage loans on multifamily residential
properties under construction; (6) mortgage loans on completed multifamily
projects; (7) fixed-rate mortgage loans as to which escrowed funds are used to
reduce the borrower's monthly payments during the early years of the mortgage
loans ("buydown@ mortgage loans); (8) mortgage loans that provide for
adjustments on payments based on periodic changes in interest rates or in other
payment terms of the mortgage loans; and (9) mortgage-backed serial notes.
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The principal and interest on GNMA pass-through securities are guaranteed by
GNMA and backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government. Fannie Mae
guarantees full and timely payment of all interest and principal, while FHLMC
guarantees timely payment of interest and ultimate collection of principal, of
its pass-through securities. Fannie Mae and FHLMC securities are not backed by
the full faith and credit of the United States; however, they are generally
considered to present minimal credit risks. The yields provided by these
mortgage-related securities historically have exceeded the yields on other types
of U.S. government securities with comparable maturities in large measure due to
the risks associated with prepayment.
Adjustable rate mortgage securities ("ARMs") are a form of pass-through security
representing interests in pools of mortgage loans, the interest rates of which
are adjusted from time to time. The adjustments usually are determined in
accordance with a predetermined interest rate index and may be subject to
certain limits. The adjustment feature of ARMs tends to make their values less
sensitive to interest rate changes. As the interest rates on the mortgages
underlying ARMS are reset periodically, yields of such portfolio securities will
gradually align themselves to reflect changes in market rates. Unlike fixed rate
mortgages, which generally decline in value during periods of rising interest
rates, ARMS allow the Funds to participate in increases in interest rates
through periodic adjustments in the coupons of the underlying mortgages,
resulting in both higher current yields and low price fluctuations. Furthermore,
if prepayments of principal are made on the underlying mortgages during periods
of rising interest rates, the Funds may be able to reinvest such amounts in
securities with a higher current rate of return. During periods of declining
interest rates, of course, the coupon rates may readjust downward, resulting in
lower yields to the Funds. Further, because of this feature, the value of ARMS
are unlikely to rise during periods of declining interest rates to the same
extent as fixed rate instruments.
Collateralized mortgage obligations ("CMOs") are mortgage-related securities
that separate the cash flows of mortgage pools into different components called
classes or Atranches.@ Each class of a CMO is issued at a specific fixed or
floating coupon rate and has a stated maturity or final distribution date.
Principal prepayments on the collateral pool may cause the various classes of a
CMO to be retired substantially earlier than their stated maturities or final
distribution dates. The principal of, and interest on, the collateral pool may
be allocated among the several classes of a CMO in a number of different ways.
Generally, the purpose of the allocation of the cash flow of a CMO to the
various classes is to obtain a more predictable cash flow to some of the
individual tranches than exists with the underlying collateral of the CMO. As a
general rule, the more predictable the cash flow is on a CMO tranche, the lower
the anticipated yield will be on that tranche at the time of issuance relative
to prevailing market yields on mortgage-related securities. Certain classes of
CMOs may have priority over others with respect to the receipt of prepayments on
the mortgages.
The Short Duration Funds consider GNMA-, Fannie Mae-, and FHLMC-issued
pass-through certificates, CMOs, and other mortgage-related securities to be
U.S. Government securities for purposes of each Fund's investment policies.
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PRIVATELY ISSUED MORTGAGE-RELATED SECURITIES: Mortgage-related securities
offered by private issuers include pass-through securities for pools of
conventional residential mortgage loans; mortgage pay-through obligations and
mortgage-backed bonds, which are considered to be obligations of the institution
issuing the bonds and are collateralized by mortgage loans; and bonds and CMOs
which are collateralized by mortgage-related securities issued by GNMA, Fannie
Mae, FHLMC or by pools of conventional mortgages. Each Fund limits its
investments in privately issued mortgage-related securities to "mortgage related
securities" within the meaning of the Secondary Mortgage Market Enhancement Act
of 1984, as amended.
The Funds may invest in, among other things, "parallel pay" CMOs and Planned
Amortization Class CMOs ("PAC Bonds"). Parallel pay CMOs are structured to
provide payments of principal on each payment date to more than one class. These
simultaneous payments are taken into account in calculating the stated maturity
date or final distribution date of each class, which like the other CMO
structures, must be retired by its stated maturity date or final distribution
date but may be retired earlier. PAC Bonds are parallel pay CMOs that generally
require payments of a specified amount of principal on each payment date; the
required principal payment on PAC Bonds have the highest priority after interest
has been paid to all classes.
Mortgage-related securities created by private issuers generally offer a higher
rate of interest (and greater credit and interest rate risk) than U.S.
Government and U.S. Government mortgage-related securities because they offer no
direct or indirect government guarantees of payments. However, many issuers or
servicers of mortgage-related securities guarantee, or provide insurance for,
timely payment of interest and principal on such securities.
ADDITIONAL RISK FACTORS: Due to the possibility of prepayments of the underlying
mortgage instruments, mortgage-backed securities generally do not have a known
maturity. In the absence of a known maturity, market participants generally
refer to an estimated average life. An average life estimate is a function of an
assumption regarding anticipated prepayment patterns, based upon current
interest rates, current conditions in the relevant housing markets and other
factors. The assumption is necessarily subjective, and thus different market
participants can produce different average life estimates with regard to the
same security. There can be no assurance that estimated average life will be a
security's actual average life.
OPTIONS AND FUTURES CONTRACTS
Each Fund may seek to hedge against a decrease in value of its portfolio by
writing (I.E., selling) covered call options. When a Fund writes a call option,
it receives a premium and gives the purchase the right to buy the underlying
security at a fixed price. A call option is "covered" if (i) the Fund owns the
optioned securities or has the right to acquire such securities without
additional consideration, (ii) the Fund causes its custodian to segregate cash
or other liquid securities having a value sufficient to meet the Fund's
obligations under the call option, or (iii) the Fund owns an offsetting call
option.
Each Fund also may write covered put options in an attempt to realize enhanced
income when it is willing to purchase the underlying debt security for its
portfolio at the exercise price. When a
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Fund writes a put option, it receives a premium and gives the purchaser of the
put the right to cause the Fund to buy the underlying security at a fixed
exercise price. A put option is "covered" if the Fund causes its custodian to
segregate cash or other liquid securities with a value not less than the
exercise price of the option or holds a put option on the same underlying
security. Each Fund also may purchase call options for the purpose of acquiring
the underlying securities for its portfolio and may purchase put options for
hedging purposes. Each Fund will not enter into covered put options which, when
combined with outstanding purchases of securities on a when-issued or forward
commitment basis, would exceed 5% of the Fund's total assets.
While utilization of options and futures contracts and similar instruments may
be advantageous to a Fund, the Fund's performance will be worse than if the Fund
did not make such investments if the Adviser is not successful in employing such
instruments in managing the Fund's investments or in predicting interest rate
changes. In addition, a Fund will pay commissions and other costs in connection
with such investments, which may increase the Fund's expenses and reduce its
return.
The Funds may write (I.E., sell) covered put and call options on debt
securities. A covered call option is an option for which a Fund, in return for a
premium, gives another party the right to buy specified debt securities owned by
the Fund at a specified future date and price set at the time of the contract. A
covered call option serves as a partial hedge against the price decline of the
underlying security. However, by writing a covered call option, a Fund gives up
the opportunity, while the option is in effect, to realize gain from any price
increase in the underlying debt security above the option exercise price. In
addition, a Fund's ability to sell the underlying debt security will be limited
while the option is in effect unless the Fund effects a closing purchase
transaction.
The Funds normally will purchase call options in anticipation of an increase in
the market value of securities of the type in which they may invest. The
purchase of a call option would entitle the Funds, in return for the premium
paid, to purchase specified securities at a specified price during the option
period. The Funds may purchase and sell options that are traded on U.S.
exchanges.
Under certain circumstances, a Fund also may write covered put options, which
give the holder of the option the right to sell the underlying debt security to
the Fund at the stated exercise price. The Funds will receive a premium for
writing a put option, but will be obligated to purchase the underlying debt
security at a price that may be higher than the market value of that debt
security at the time of exercise for as long as the option is outstanding. In
order to "cover" the put options that it has written, the Funds cause their
custodian or a designated subcustodian, to segregate cash or other liquid
securities with a value equal to or greater than the exercise price of the
underlying securities. Neither Fund will write put options in the aggregate
value of the obligations underlying the put, together with outstanding purchases
of securities on a when-issued or delayed delivery basis, shall exceed 5% of
such Fund's total assets.
There can be no assurance that a liquid secondary market on an exchange will
exist for any particular option, or at any particular time. For some options,
the secondary market on an exchange may exist. In such event, it might not be
possible to effect closing transactions in
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particular options, with the result that the Funds would have to exercise its
options in order to realize any profit and would incur transaction costs upon
the purchase or sale of underlying securities.
Secondary markets or an exchange may not exist or may not be liquid for a
variety of reasons including: (i) insufficient trading interest in certain
options; (ii) restrictions on opening transactions or closing transactions
imposed by an exchange; (iii) trading halts, suspensions or other restrictions
may be imposed with respect to particular classes or series of options; (iv)
unusual or unforeseen circumstances which interrupt normal operations on an
exchange; (v) inadequate facilities of an exchange or the Options Clearing
Corporation to handle current trading volume at all times; or (vi)
discontinuance in the future by one or more exchanges, for economic or other
reasons, of trading of options (or of a particular class or series of options).
REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS
Repurchase agreements are agreements by which a Fund obtains a security and
simultaneously commits to return the security to the seller at an agreed upon
price (including principal and interest) on an agreed upon date within a number
of days from the date of purchase. Repurchase agreements are considered loans
under the 1940 Act.
Repurchase agreements are agreements by which a Fund obtains a security and
simultaneously commits to return the security to the seller (a member bank of
the Federal Reserve System or primary securities dealer as recognized by the
Federal Reserve Bank of New York) at an agreed upon price (including principal
and interest) on an agreed upon date within a number of days (usually not more
than seven) from the date of purchase. The resale price reflects the purchase
price plus an agreed upon market rate of interest which is unrelated to the
coupon rate or maturity of the underlying security. A repurchase agreement
involves the obligation of the seller to pay the agreed upon price, which
obligation is in effect secured by the value of the underlying security.
Repurchase agreements are considered to be loans by a Fund for purposes of its
investment limitations. The repurchase agreements entered into by a Fund will
provide that the underlying security at all times shall have a value at least
equal to 102% of the resale price stated in the agreement (the Adviser monitors
compliance with this requirement). Under all repurchase agreements entered into
by a Fund, the Trust's Custodian or its agent must take possession of the
underlying collateral. However, if the seller defaults, the Fund could realize a
loss on the sale of the underlying security to the extent that the proceeds of
sale, including accrued interest, are less than the resale price provided in the
agreement including interest. In addition, even though the Bankruptcy Code
provides protection for most repurchase agreements, if the seller should be
involved in bankruptcy or insolvency proceedings, a Fund may incur delay and
costs in selling the underlying security or may suffer a loss of principal and
interest if the Fund is treated as an unsecured creditor and is required to
return the underlying security to the seller's estate.
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REVERSE DOLLAR ROLL TRANSACTIONS
Each Short Duration Fund may enter into reverse dollar roll transactions, which
involve a purchase by a Fund of an eligible security from a financial
institution concurrently with an agreement by the Fund to resell a similar
security to the institution at a later date at an agreed-upon price. Reverse
dollar roll transactions are fully collateralized in a manner similar to loans
of the Fund's portfolio securities.
REVERSE REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS
The Short Duration Funds may enter into reverse repurchase agreements. The Funds
typically will invest the proceeds of a reverse repurchase agreement in money
market instruments or repurchase agreements maturing not later than the
expiration of the reverse repurchase agreement. This use of proceeds involves
leverage. The Funds will enter into a reverse repurchase agreement for
leveraging purposes only when the Adviser believes that the interest income to
be earned from the investment of the proceeds or the gain for the security to be
obtained by effecting the transaction would be greater than the interest expense
of the transaction. The Funds also may use the proceeds of reverse repurchase
agreements to provide liquidity to meet redemption requests when the sale of the
Funds' securities is considered to be disadvantageous.
RIGHTS
Rights give existing shareholders of a corporation the right, but not the
obligation, to buy shares of the corporation at a given price, usually below the
offering price, during a specified period.
RULE 144A SECURITIES
Rule 144A securities are securities exempt from registration on resale pursuant
to Rule 144A under the 1933 Act. Rule 144A securities are traded in the
institutional market pursuant to this registration exemption, and, as a result,
may not be as liquid as exchange-traded securities since they may only be resold
to certain qualified institutional investors. Due to the relatively limited size
of this institutional market, these securities may affect the Fund's liquidity
to the extent that qualified institutional buyers become, for a time,
uninterested in purchasing such securities. Nevertheless, Rule 144A securities
may be treated as liquid securities pursuant to guidelines adopted by the
Trust's Board of Trustees.
SECURITIES LENDING
Each Fund may lend its portfolio securities having a value of up to 30% of its
total assets in order to generate additional income. Such loans may be made to
broker-dealers or other financial institutions whose creditworthiness is
acceptable to the Adviser and subject to certain terms and conditions. These
loans are required to be secured continuously by collateral, including cash or
other liquid securities, maintained on a current basis (I.E., marked to market
daily) at an amount at least equal to 100% of the market value of the securities
loaned plus accrued interest. The
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Funds may pay reasonable administrative and custodial fees in connection with a
loan and may pay a negotiated portion of the income earned on the cash to the
borrower or placing broker. Loans are subject to termination at the option of
the Funds or the borrower at any time. Upon such termination, the Funds are
entitled to obtain the return of the securities loaned within five business
days.
For the term of the loan, the particular Fund continues to receive the
equivalent of the interest paid by the issuer on the securities loaned, receives
proceeds from the investment of the collateral and continues to retain any
voting rights with respect to the securities. As with other extensions of
credit, there are risks of delay in recovery or even losses of rights in the
securities loaned should the borrower of the securities fail financially.
However, the loans are made only to borrowers deemed by the Adviser to be
creditworthy, and only when, in the judgment of the Adviser, the income which
can be earned currently from such loans justifies the attendant risk.
SECURITIES OF FOREIGN ISSUERS
The High Yield Bond Fund may invest to a limited extent in securities of foreign
issuers and in sponsored and unsponsored ADR's. Investments in the securities of
foreign issuers may subject the Fund to investment risks that differ in some
respects from those related to investments in securities of U.S. issuers. Such
risks include future adverse political and economic developments, possible
imposition of withholding taxes on income, possible seizure, nationalization or
expropriation of foreign deposits, possible establishment of exchange controls
or taxation at the source or greater fluctuation in value due to changes in
exchange rates. Foreign issuers of securities often engage in business practices
different from those of domestic issuers of similar securities, and there may be
less information publicly available about foreign issuers. In addition, foreign
issuers are, generally speaking, subject to less government supervision and
regulation than are those in the United States. Investments in securities of
foreign issuers are frequently denominated in foreign currencies and the value
of the Fund's assets measured in U.S. dollars may be affected favorably or
unfavorably by changes in currency rates and in exchange control regulations,
and the Fund may incur costs in connection with conversions between various
currencies.
SHORT SALES
A short sale is "against the box" if at all times during which the short
position is open, the Fund owns at least an equal amount of the securities or
securities convertible into, or exchangeable without further consideration for,
securities of the same issue as the securities that are sold short.
U.S. GOVERNMENT AGENCY OBLIGATIONS
Certain Federal agencies, such as the GNMA, have been established as
instrumentalities of the United States Government to supervise and finance
certain types of activities. Issues of these agencies, while not direct
obligations of the United States Government, are either backed by the full faith
and credit of the United States (E.G., GNMA securities) or supported by the
issuing
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agencies' right to borrow from the Treasury. The issues of other agencies are
supported by the credit of the instrumentality (E.G., Fannie Mae securities).
U.S. GOVERNMENT SECURITIES
Bills, notes and bonds issued by the U.S. Government and backed by the full
faith and credit of the United States. U.S. Government securities in which the
Funds may invest include debt obligations of varying maturities issued by the
U.S. Treasury or issued or guaranteed by certain agencies or instrumentalities
of the U.S. Government, including GNMA, Fannie Mae, FHLMC, Federal Farm Credit
Bank, Farm Credit System Financial Assistance Corporation, Federal Home Loan
Banks, Financing Corporation, Federal Home Loan Bank, Maritime Administration,
Resolution Funding Corporation, Small Business Administration (SBA loan pools
and the guaranteed portions of single loan sales), Student Loan Marketing
Association and Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority. Direct
obligations of the U.S. Treasury include a variety of securities that differ
primarily in their interest rates, maturities and dates of issuance. Because the
U.S. Government is not obligated by law to provide support to an instrumentality
that it sponsors, the Funds will not invest in obligations issued by an
instrumentality of the U.S. Government unless the Adviser determines that the
instrumentality's credit risk makes its securities suitable for investment by
the Funds.
U.S. TREASURY OBLIGATIONS
Bills, notes and bonds issued by the U.S. Treasury, and separately traded
interest and principal component parts of such obligations that are transferable
through the Federal book-entry system known as Separately Traded Registered
Interested and Principal Securities ("STRIPS") and Coupon Under Book Entry
Safekeeping ("CUBES").
U.S. TREASURY RECEIPTS
U.S. Treasury receipts are interests in separately traded interest and principal
component parts of U.S. Treasury obligations that are issued by banks or
brokerage firms and are created by depositing U.S. Treasury obligations into a
special account at a custodian bank. The custodian holds the interest and
principal payments for the benefit of the registered owners of the certificates
of receipts. The custodian arranges for the issuance of the certificates or
receipts evidencing ownership and maintains the register.
VARIABLE AND FLOATING RATE INSTRUMENTS
Certain obligations may carry variable or floating rates of interest, and may
involve a conditional or unconditional demand feature. Such instruments bear
interest at rates which are not fixed, but which vary with changes in specified
market rates or indices. The interest rates on these securities may be reset
daily, weekly, quarterly or some other reset period, and may have a floor or
ceiling on interest rate changes. There is a risk that the current interest rate
on such obligations may not accurately reflect existing market interest rates. A
demand instrument with a
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demand notice exceeding seven days may be considered illiquid if there is no
secondary market for such security.
WARRANTS
Warrants are instruments giving holders the right, but not the obligation, to
buy equity or fixed income securities of a company at a given price during a
specified period.
WHEN-ISSUED AND DELAYED DELIVERY SECURITIES
Each Fund may purchase securities on a "when-issued" basis and may purchase or
sell securities on a "forward commitment" or "delayed delivery" basis in order
to hedge against anticipated changes in interest rates and prices. The price,
which is generally expressed in yield terms, is fixed at the time the commitment
is made, but delivery and payment for the securities take place at a later date,
normally seven to 15 days later, or in the case of certain CMO issues; 45 to 60
days later. When-issued securities and forward commitments may be sold prior to
the settlement date, but each Fund will enter into when-issued and forward
commitments only with the intention of actually receiving or delivering the
securities, as the case may be.
No income accrues on securities that have been purchased pursuant to a forward
commitment or a when-issued basis prior to delivery to the Fund. If a Fund
disposes of the right to acquire a when-issued security prior to its acquisition
or disposes of its right to deliver or receive against a forward commitment, it
may incur a gain or loss. At the time a Fund enters into a transaction on a
when-issued or forward commitment basis, it causes its custodian to segregate
cash or other liquid securities equal to the value of the when-issued or forward
commitment securities and causes the segregated assets to be marked to market
daily. There is a risk that the securities may not be delivered and that the
Fund may incur a loss.
Each Short Duration Fund will not purchase (but may sell) securities on a
when-issued or forward commitment basis involving delivery of the security more
than 30 days following the trade date if such purchase, when combined with the
Fund's covered put options, would exceed 5% of the Fund's total assets.
When-issued or delayed delivery securities are subject to market fluctuations
due to changes in market interest rates and it is possible that the market value
at the time of settlement could be higher or lower than the purchase price if
the general level of interest rates has changed. Although a Fund generally
purchases securities on a when-issued or forward commitment basis with the
intention of actually acquiring securities for its investment portfolio, a Fund
may dispose of a when-issued security or forward commitment prior to settlement
if it deems appropriate.
ZERO COUPON PAY-IN-KIND SECURITIES
Zero coupon obligations are debt securities that do not bear any interest, but
instead are issued at a deep discount from par. The value of a zero coupon
obligation increases over time to reflect
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the interest accreted. Upon maturity, the holder is entitled to receive the par
value of the security. While interest payments are not made on such securities,
holders of such securities are deemed to have received "phantom income"
annually. Because the High Yield Bond Fund will distribute its "phantom income"
to shareholders, to the extent that shareholders elect to receive dividends in
cash rather than reinvesting such dividends in additional shares, the Fund will
have fewer assets with which to purchase income producing securities. In the
event of adverse market conditions, zero coupon, pay-in-kind and deferred
payment securities may be subject to greater fluctuations in value and may be
less liquid than comparably rated securities paying cash interest at regular
interest payment periods.
INVESTMENT LIMITATIONS
Fundamental Policies
The following investment limitations (and those set forth in the Prospectus) are
fundamental policies of each Fund which cannot be changed with respect to a Fund
without the consent of the holders of a majority of that Fund's outstanding
shares. The term "majority of the outstanding shares" means the vote of (i) 67%
or more of a Fund's shares present at a meeting, if more than 50% of the
outstanding shares of a Fund are present or represented by proxy, or (ii) more
than 50% of a Fund's outstanding shares, whichever is less.
The High Yield Bond and Micro Cap Funds may not:
1. (i) Purchase securities of any issuer (except securities issued or
guaranteed by the United States Government, its agencies or
instrumentalities and repurchase agreements involving such securities) if,
as a result, more than 5% of the total assets of the Fund would be invested
in the securities of such issuer; or (ii) acquire more than 10% of the
outstanding voting securities of any one issuer. This restriction applies
to 75% of the Fund's total assets.
2. Purchase any securities which would cause 25% or more of the total assets
of such Fund to be invested in the securities of one or more issuers
conducting their principal business activities in the same industry. This
limitation does not apply to obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S.
Government or its agencies and instrumentalities and repurchase agreements
involving such securities.
3. Borrow money in an amount exceeding 33 1/3% of the value of its total
assets, provided that, for purposes of this limitation, investment
strategies which either obligate fund to purchase securities or require a
Fund to segregate assets are not considered to be borrowings. Asset
coverage of a least 300% is required for all borrowings, except where a
Fund has borrowed money for temporary purposes in amounts not exceeding 5%
of its total assets. A Fund will not purchase securities while its
borrowings exceed 5% of its total assets.
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4. Make loans if, as a result, more than 33 1/3% of its total assets would be
lent to other parties, except that each Fund may (i) purchase or hold debt
instruments in accordance with its investment objective and policies; (ii)
enter into repurchase agreements; and (iii) lend its securities.
5. Purchase or sell real estate, physical commodities, or commodities
contracts, except that each Fund may purchase (i) marketable securities
issued by companies which own or invest in real estate (including real
estate investment trusts), commodities, or commodities contracts; and (ii)
commodities contracts relating to financial instruments, such as financial
futures contracts and options on such contracts.
6. Issue senior securities (as defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940
(the "1940 Act")) except as permitted by rule, regulation or order of the
Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC").
7. Act as an underwriter of securities of other issuers except as it may be
deemed an underwriter in selling a portfolio security.
8. Invest in interests in oil, gas, or other mineral exploration or
development programs and oil, gas or mineral leases.
The foregoing percentages (except with respect to the limitation on borrowing)
will apply at the time of the purchase of a security and shall not be considered
violated unless an excess or deficiency occurs immediately after or as a result
of a purchase of such security.
The Short Duration Government Funds may not:
1. Purchase any common stocks or other equity securities, except that the
Funds may invest in securities of other investment companies as described
above and consistent with restriction number 7 below.
2. Make loans to others, except (a) through the purchase of debt securities in
accordance with its investment objective and policies, (b) through the
lending of up to 30% of its portfolio securities as described above, or (c)
to the extent the entry into a repurchase agreement or reverse dollar
transaction is deemed to be a loan.
3. (a) Borrow money, except for temporary or emergency purposes from a bank,
or pursuant to permissible reverse repurchase agreements or dollar roll
transactions as described in the Prospectus or this SAI. Except for reverse
repurchase agreements or dollar roll transactions for which the Funds'
custodian has segregated assets, any such borrowing will be made only if
immediately thereafter there is an asset coverage of at least 300% of all
borrowings, and borrowings from all sources, including reverse repurchase
agreements and dollars for which the Fund's custodian has segregated
assets, will net exceed 50% of the Fund's total assets. no additional
investments may be made while any borrowings (excluding reverse repurchase
agreements and dollar roll
S-25
<PAGE>
transactions against which assets have been segregated) are in excess of 5%
of the Funds' total assets.
(b) Mortgage, pledge or hypothecate any of its assets except in connection
with permissible borrowings, reverse repurchase agreements and dollar roll
transactions.
4. Except in connection with permissible forward commitment or futures or
options activities as described in the Prospectus of this SAI, purchase
securities on margin or underwrite securities; however, the Funds may
obtain such short-term credit as may be necessary for the clearance of
purchases and sales of its portfolio securities.
5. Buy or sell real estate or commodities or, except in connection with
permissible futures or options activities as described in the Prospectus or
this SAI, commodity contracts; however, the Funds may invest in marketable
securities secured by real estate or interests therein or issued by
companies which invest in real estate or interests therein.
6. Buy or sell interests in oil, gas or mineral exploration or development
leases and programs; however, the Funds may invest in marketable securities
of issuers engaged in such activities.
7. Invest in securities of other investment companies, except to the extent
permitted by the 1940 Act or discussed in the Funds' Prospectus or this
SAI, or as such securities may be acquired as part of a merger,
consolidation or acquisition of assets.
8. Issue senior securities, as defined in the 1940 Act, except that this
restriction shall not be deemed to prohibit the Funds from (a) making any
permissible borrowings, mortgages or pledges, or (b) entering into
permissible reverse repurchase or dollar roll transactions, in each case as
described in the Prospectus or this SAI.
9. Concentrate 25% or more of the value of its assets in any one industry;
provided, however, that each Fund may invest up to 100% of its assets in
securities of the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities in
accordance with its investment objective and policies.
NON-FUNDAMENTAL POLICIES
The Funds have adopted the following restrictions as operating policies, which
are not fundamental policies, and which may be changed without shareholder
approval in accordance with applicable regulations.
The High Yield Bond and Micro Cap Funds may not:
1. Pledge, mortgage or hypothecate assets except to secure borrowings
permitted by the Fund's fundamental limitation on borrowing.
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<PAGE>
2. Invest in companies for the purpose of exercising control.
3. Purchase securities on margin or effect short sales, except that each Fund
may (i) obtain short-term credits as necessary for the clearance of
security transactions; (ii) provide initial and variation margin payments
in connection with transactions involving futures contracts and options on
such contracts; and (iii) make short sales "against the box" or in
compliance with the SEC's position regarding the asset segregation
requirements imposed by Section 18 of the 1940 Act.
4. Invest its assets in securities of any investment company, except as
permitted by the 1940 Act.
5. Purchase or hold illiquid securities, I.E., securities that cannot be
disposed of for their approximate carrying value in seven days or less
(which term includes repurchase agreements and time deposits maturing in
more than seven days) if, in the aggregate, more than 15% of its net assets
would be invested in illiquid securities.
In addition, each Fund anticipates investing no more than 5% of its net assets
in short sales, unregistered securities, futures contracts, options and
investment company securities during the current year. Unregistered securities
sold in reliance on the exemption from registration in Section 4(2) of the 1933
Act and securities exempt from registration on re-sale pursuant to Rule 144A of
the 1933 Act may be treated as liquid securities under procedures adopted by the
Board of Trustees.
The Short Duration Funds may not:
1. Invest in the aggregate, more than 10% of its net assets in illiquid
securities, including (under current SEC interpretations) securities which
are not readily marketable and repurchase agreements that mature in more
than seven days.
2. Invest in any issuer for purposes of exercising control or management of
the issuer.
3. Except in connection with permissible forward commitment or futures or
options activities as described in the Funds' Prospectus or this SAI,
write, purchase or sell straddles, spreads or combinations thereof.
4. Except in connection with permissible forward commitment or options or
futures transactions, as described in the Funds' Prospectus or this SAI,
engage in short sales of securities.
5. Enter into a futures or an option on a futures contract if, as a result
thereof, more than 5% of the particular Fund's total assets (taken at
market value at the time of entering into the contract and excluding the
in-the-money amount of an option that was in-the-money at the time of
purchase) would be committed to initial deposits and premiums on open
futures contracts and options on such contracts.
S-27
<PAGE>
6. Invest in real estate limited partnerships or issuers that qualify as real
estate investment trusts under Federal tax laws.
To the extent these restrictions reflect matters of operating policy which may
be changed without shareholder vote, these restrictions may be amended upon
approval by the Board of Trustees and notice of shareholders.
If a percentage restriction is adhered to a the time of investment, a subsequent
increase or decrease in a percentage resulting from a change in the values of
assets will not constitute a violation of that restriction, except as otherwise
noted.
THE ADVISERS
The Trust and Turner Investment Partners, Inc. and Penn Capital Management
Company, Inc. (each an "Adviser"), have entered into advisory agreements (each
an "Advisory Agreement"). Each Advisory Agreement provides that the Adviser
shall not be liable for any error of judgment or mistake of law or for any loss
arising out of any investment or for any act or omission in carrying out its
duties, but shall not be protected against any liability to the Trust or its
shareholders by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence on
its part in the performance of its duties or from reckless disregard of its
obligations or duties thereunder.
Each Advisory Agreement provides that if, for any fiscal year, the ratio of
expenses of the Funds (including amounts payable to the Adviser but excluding
interest, taxes, brokerage, litigation, and other extraordinary expenses)
exceeds established limitations, the Adviser will bear the amount of such
excess. The Advisers will not be required to bear expenses of the Funds to an
extent which would result in the Funds' inability to qualify as a regulated
investment company under provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as
amended (the "Code").
The continuance of the Advisory Agreement as to the Funds after the first two
years must be specifically approved at least annually (i) by the vote of the
Trustees or by a vote of the shareholders of the Funds, and (ii) by the vote of
a majority of the Trustees who are not parties to the Advisory Agreement or
"interested persons" of any party thereto, cast in person at a meeting called
for the purpose of voting on such approval. The Advisory Agreement will
terminate automatically in the event of its assignment, and is terminable at any
time without penalty by the Trustees of the Trust or, with respect to the Funds,
by a majority of the outstanding shares of the Funds, on not less than 30 days'
nor more than 60 days' written notice to the Adviser, or by the Adviser on 90
days' written notice to the Trust.
PENN CAPITAL MANAGEMENT COMPANY, INC.
Penn Capital Management Company, Inc. ("Penn Capital"), 52 Haddonfield-Berlin
Road, Suite 1000, Cherry Hill, New Jersey 08034, is a professional investment
management firm founded in 1987 and registered as an investment adviser under
the Investment Advisers Act of 1940. Richard A. Hocker is a founding partner and
Chief Investment Officer of Penn Capital, which manages the investment
portfolios of institutions and high net worth individuals, and which currently
has assets under management of approximately $350 million. Penn Capital employs
a
S-28
<PAGE>
staff of 17 and manages monies in a variety of investment styles through
either separate account management or one of its private investment funds.
Penn Capital serves as the investment adviser for the Strategic High Yield Bond
Fund under an investment advisory agreement (the "Advisory Agreement"). Under
the Advisory Agreement, Penn Capital makes the investment decisions for the
assets of the Fund and continuously reviews, supervises and administers the
Funds' investment programs, subject to the supervision of, and policies
established by, the Trustees of the Trust.
The Advisory Agreement provides that Penn Capital shall not be liable for any
error of judgment or mistake of law or for any loss arising out of any
investment or for any act or omission in carrying out its duties, but shall not
be protected against any liability to the Trust or its shareholders by reason of
willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence on its part in the
performance of its duties or from reckless disregard of its obligations or
duties thereunder (except as provided under provisions of applicable law).
For its services, Penn Capital is entitled to a fee, which is calculated daily
and paid monthly, at an annual rate of .55% of the average daily net assets of
the Strategic High Yield Bond Fund. Penn Capital has voluntarily agreed to waive
all or a portion of its fee and to reimburse expenses of the Strategic High
Yield Bond Fund in order to limit its total operating expenses (as a percentage
of average daily net assets on an annualized basis) to not more than .68%. Penn
Capital reserves the right, in its sole discretion, to terminate these voluntary
fee waivers and reimbursements at any time.
TURNER INVESTMENT PARTNERS, INC.
Turner Investment Partners, Inc. ("Turner") is a professional investment
management firm founded in March, 1990. Robert E. Turner is the Chairman and
controlling shareholder of Turner. As of September 30, 1998, Turner had
discretionary management authority with respect to approximately $3.0 billion of
assets. Turner has provided investment advisory services to investment companies
since 1992. The principal business address of Turner is 1235 Westlakes Drive,
Suite 350, Berwyn, Pennsylvania 19312.
Turner serves as the investment adviser for the Micro Cap and Short Duration
Funds under an investment advisory agreement (the "Advisory Agreement"). Under
the Advisory Agreement, Turner makes the investment decisions for the assets of
the Fund and continuously reviews, supervises and administers the Fund's
investment program, subject to the supervision of, and policies established by,
the Trustees of the Trust.
The Advisory Agreement provides that Turner shall not be liable for any error of
judgment or mistake of law or for any loss arising out of any investment or for
any act or omission in carrying out its duties, but shall not be protected
against any liability to the Trust or its shareholders by reason of willful
misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence on its part in the performance of its
duties or from reckless disregard of its obligations or duties thereunder.
S-29
<PAGE>
For its services, Turner is entitled to a fee, which is calculated daily and
paid monthly, at an annual rate of 1.00% of the average daily net assets of the
Micro Cap Fund. Turner has voluntarily agreed to waive all or a portion of its
fee and to reimburse expenses of the Micro Cap Fund in order to limit its total
operating expenses (as a percentage of average daily net assets on an annualized
basis) to not more than 1.25%. Turner reserves the right, in its sole
discretion, to terminate these voluntary fee waivers and reimbursements at any
time.
For its services, Turner is entitled to a fee, which is calculated daily and
paid monthly, at an annual rate of .25% of the average daily net assets of each
Short Duration Fund. Turner has voluntarily agreed to waive all or a portion of
its fee and to reimburse expenses of the Short Duration Funds in order to limit
the total operating expenses of the Institutional Class shares of each Fund (as
a percentage of average daily net assets on an annualized basis) to not more
than .36%, and of the Adviser Class shares of each Fund (as a percentage of
average daily net assets on an annualized basis) to not more than .61%. Turner
reserves the right, in its sole discretion, to terminate these voluntary fee
waivers and reimbursements at any time.
THE ADMINISTRATOR
The Funds' Administrator, SEI Investments Mutual Funds Services, a Delaware
business trust, has its principal business offices at Oaks, Pennsylvania 19456.
SEI Investments Management Corporation ("SIMC"), a wholly-owned subsidiary of
SEI Investments Company ("SEI Investments"), is the owner of all beneficial
interest in the Administrator. SEI Investments and its subsidiaries and
affiliates, including the Administrator, are leading providers of funds
evaluation services, trust accounting systems, and brokerage and information
services to financial institutions, institutional investors, and money managers.
The Administrator and its affiliates also serve as administrator or
sub-administrator to the following other mutual funds: The Achievement Funds
Trust, The Advisors' Inner Circle Fund, The Arbor Fund, ARK Funds, Armada Funds,
Bishop Street Funds, Boston 1784 Funds(R), CrestFunds, Inc., CUFUND, The
Expedition Funds, First American Funds, Inc., First American Investment Funds,
Inc., First American Strategy Funds, Inc., HighMark Funds, Monitor Funds, The
Nevis Funds, Oak Associates Funds, The PBHG Funds, Inc., PBHG Advisor Funds,
Inc., PBHG Insurance Series Fund, Inc., The Pillar Funds, SEI Asset Allocation
Trust, SEI Daily Income Trust, SEI Index Funds, SEI Institutional International
Trust, SEI Institutional Investments Trust, SEI Institutional Managed Trust, SEI
Liquid Asset Trust, SEI Tax Exempt Trust, STI Classic Funds, STI Classic
Variable Trust, and TIP Funds.
DISTRIBUTION AND SHAREHOLDER SERVICING
SEI Investments Distribution Co. (the "Distributor"), a wholly-owned subsidiary
of SEI Investments, and the Trust are parties to a distribution agreement (the
"Distribution Agreement") with respect to shares of the Funds. The Distributor
receives no compensation for distribution of shares of the Funds.
The Distribution Agreement shall remain in effect for a period of two years
after the effective date of the agreement and is renewable annually. The
Distribution Agreement may be terminated
S-30
<PAGE>
by the Distributor, by a majority vote of the Trustees who are not interested
persons and have no financial interest in the Distribution Agreement or by a
majority vote of the outstanding securities of the Trust upon not more than 60
days' written notice by either party or upon assignment by the Distributor.
The Funds have adopted a shareholder service plan for Adviser Class shares (the
"Adviser Class Service Plan") under which firms, including the Distributor, that
provide shareholder and administrative services may receive compensation
therefor. Under the Adviser Class Service Plan, the Distributor may provide
those services itself, or may enter into arrangements under which third parties
provide such services and are compensated by the Distributor. Under such
arrangements, the Distributor may retain as profit any difference between the
fee it receives and the amount it pays such third parties. In addition, the
Funds may enter into such arrangements directly. Under the Adviser Class Service
Plan, the Distributor is entitled to receive a fee at an annual rate of up to
.25% of each Fund's average daily net assets attributable to Adviser Class
shares that are subject to the arrangement in return for provision of a broad
range of shareholder and administrative services, including: maintaining client
accounts; arranging for bank wires; responding to client inquiries concerning
services provided for investments; changing dividend options; account
designations and addresses; providing sub-accounting; providing information on
share positions to clients; forwarding shareholder communications to clients;
processing purchase, exchange and redemption orders; and processing dividend
payments.
TRUSTEES AND OFFICERS OF THE TRUST
The management and affairs of the Trust are supervised by the Trustees under the
laws of the State of Delaware.
The Trustees and Executive Officers of the Trust, their respective dates of
birth, and their principal occupations for the last five years are set forth
below. Each may have held other positions with named companies during that
period. Unless otherwise noted, the business address of each Trustee and each
Executive Officer is SEI Investments Company, Oaks, Pennsylvania 19456. Certain
officers of the Trust also serve as officers of some or all of the following:
The Achievement Funds Trust, The Advisors' Inner Circle Fund, The Arbor Fund,
ARK Funds, Armada Funds, Bishop Street Funds, Boston 1784 Funds(R), CrestFunds,
Inc., CUFUND, The Expedition Funds, First American Funds, Inc., First American
Investment Funds, Inc., First American Strategy Funds, Inc, HighMark Funds,
Monitor Funds, Oak Associates Funds, PBHG Advisor Funds, Inc., The PBHG Funds,
Inc., PBHG Insurance Series Fund, Inc., The Pillar Funds, SEI Asset Allocation
Trust, SEI Daily Income Trust, SEI Index Funds, SEI Institutional Investments
Trust, SEI Institutional Managed Trust, SEI Institutional International Trust,
SEI Liquid Asset Trust, SEI Tax Exempt Trust, STI Classic Funds, STI Classic
Variable Trust, and TIP Funds, each of which is an open-end management
investment company managed by SEI Investments Mutual Funds Services or its
affiliates and, except for PBHG Advisor Funds, Inc., are distributed by SEI
Investments Distribution Co.
ROBERT E. TURNER (DOB 11/26/56) - Trustee* - Chairman and Chief Investment
Officer of Turner Investment Partners, Inc. (the Adviser) since 1990.
S-31
<PAGE>
ALFRED C. SALVATO (DOB 01/09/58) - Trustee - Treasurer, Thomas Jefferson
University, since 1995, and Assistant Treasurer, 1988-1995.
RONALD FILANTE (DOB 11/19/45) - Trustee - Associate Professor of Finance, Pace
University, since 1987.
KATHERINE GRISWOLD (DOB 10/28/56) - Trustee - Director of Benefits Trusts,
Southern New England Telephone Company, since 1993 and the Director of the
Pension Fund from 1993-1989.
STEPHEN J. KNEELEY (DOB 02/09/63) - Vice President and Assistant Secretary -
Chief Operating Officer of Turner Investment Partners, Inc., since 1990.
JANET RADER ROTE (DOB 08/24/60) - Vice President and Assistant Secretary -
Director of Compliance of Turner Investment Partners, Inc., since 1992.
CYNTHIA KUNZE (DOB 12/15/56) - Vice President and Assistant Secretary -
Administrator, Turner Investment Partners, Inc., since 1998; Administrator of
Solon Asset Management, L.P., 1996-1997. Post Production and Assistant to the
Producer, Twentieth Century Fox, 1989-1995.
TODD B. CIPPERMAN (DOB 02/14/66) - Vice President and Assistant Secretary - Vice
President and Assistant Secretary of SEI Investments, the Manager and
Distributor since 1995. Associate, Dewey Ballantine (law firm), 1994-1995.
Associate, Winston and Strawn (law firm), 1991-1994.
SANDRA K. ORLOW (DOB 10/18/53) - Vice President and Assistant Secretary - Vice
President and Assistant Secretary of the Manager and Distributor since 1988.
KEVIN P. ROBINS (DOB 04/15/61) - Vice President, Assistant Secretary - Senior
Vice President and General Counsel of SEI Investments, the Manager and the
Distributor since 1994. Vice President and Assistant Secretary of SEI, the
Manager and Distributor 1992-1994. Associate, Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP(law
firm) , 1988-1992.
JOSEPH M. O'DONNELL (DOB 11/13/54) - Vice President, Assistant Secretary - Vice
President and General Counsel of FPS Services, Inc., from 1993 to 1997. Staff
Counsel and Secretary of Provident Mutual Family of Funds from 1990 to 1993.
LYDIA A. GAVALIS (DOB 06/05/64) - Vice President, Assistant Secretary -
Assistant General Counsel and Director of Arbitration, Philadelphia Stock
Exchange from 1989-1998.
LYNDA J. STRIEGEL (DOB 10/30/48) - Vice President, Assistant Secretary - Vice
President of SEI Investments. Senior Asset Management Counsel, Barnett Banks,
Inc., from 1997-1998. Prior to that, she was a Partner at Groom and Nordberg,
Charted from 1996-1997 and Associate General Counsel at Riggs Bank, N.A. from
1991-1995.
S-32
<PAGE>
KATHY HEILIG (DOB 12/21/58) - Vice President, Assistant Secretary - Treasurer of
SEI Investments Company since 1997, was Assistant Controller of SEI Investments
Company since 1995. Vice President of SEI Investments Company since 1991.
Director of Taxes of SEI Investments Company from 1987 to 1991. Tax Manager,
Arthur Andersen LLP prior to 1987.
ROBERT DELLACROCE (DOB 12/17/63) - Controller and Chief Accounting Officer -
Director, Funds Administration and Accounting - Director, Funds Administration
and Accounting of SEI since 1994. Senior Audit Manager, Arthur Andersen LLP,
1986-1994.
JAMES W. JENNINGS (DOB 01/15/37) - Secretary - Partner, Morgan, Lewis & Bockius
LLP (law firm), counsel to the Trust, the Adviser, the Administrator and
Distributor.
JOHN H. GRADY, JR. (DOB 06/01/61) - Assistant Secretary - 2000 One Logan Square,
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19103, Partner, Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP, Counsel
to the Trust, the Adviser, the Administrator and the Distributor.
EDWARD B. BAER (DOB 09/27/68) - Assistant Secretary - 1800 M Street, N.W.,
Washington, D.C. 20036, Associate, Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP, Counsel to the
Trust, the Adviser, the Administrator and the Distributor, since 1995. Attorney,
Aquila Management Corporation, 1994. Rutgers University School of Law - Newark,
1991-1994.
-----------------------
The following table exhibits Trustee compensation for the fiscal period ended
September 20, 1998.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Name of Person, Aggregate Pension or Estimated Annual Total Compensation
Position Compensation From Retirement Benefits Benefits Upon From Registrant and
Registrant for the Accrued as Part of Retirement Fund Complex Paid to
Fiscal Year Ended Fund Expenses Trustees for the
September 30, 1998 Fiscal Year Ended
September 30, 1998
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Robert Turner $ 0 0 $
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ronald Filante $ 0 0 $
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Katherine Griswold $ 0 0 $
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alfred Salvato $ 0 0 $0
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
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<PAGE>
The Trustees and Officers of the Trust own less than 1% of the outstanding
shares of the Trust. The Trust pays fees only to the non-interested Trustees of
the Trust. Compensation of Officers and interested Trustees of the Trust is paid
by the Adviser or the Administrator.
COMPUTATION OF YIELD AND TOTAL RETURN
From time to time the Trust may advertise yield and total return of the Funds.
These figures will be based on historical earnings and are not intended to
indicate future performance. No representation can be made concerning actual
future yields or returns. The yield of a Fund refers to the annualized income
generated by an investment in the Fund over a specified 30-day period. The yield
is calculated by assuming that the income generated by the investment during
that 30-day period is generated in each period over one year and is shown as a
percentage of the investment. In particular, yield will be calculated according
to the following formula:
Yield = 2[((a-b)/cd + 1)6 - 1] where a = dividends and interest earned during
the period; b = expenses accrued for the period (net of reimbursement); c = the
current daily number of shares outstanding during the period that were entitled
to receive dividends; and d = the maximum offering price per share on the last
day of the period.
The total return of a Fund refers to the average compounded rate of return to a
hypothetical investment for designated time periods (including but not limited
to, the period from which the Fund commenced operations through the specified
date), assuming that the entire investment is redeemed at the end of each
period. In particular, total return will be calculated according to the
following formula: P (1 + T)n = ERV, where P = a hypothetical initial payment of
$1,000; T = average annual total return; n = number of years; and ERV = ending
redeemable value, as of the end of the designated time period, of a hypothetical
$1,000 payment made at the beginning of the designated time period.
PURCHASE AND REDEMPTION OF SHARES
Purchases and redemptions may be made through the Transfer Agent on days when
the New York Stock Exchange is open for business. Currently, the weekdays on
which the Fund is closed for business are: New Year's Day, Martin Luther King,
Jr. Day, Presidents' Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor
Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day. Shares of each Fund are offered on a
continuous basis.
It is currently the Trust's policy to pay all redemptions in cash. The Trust
retains the right, however, to alter this policy to provide for redemptions in
whole or in part by a distribution in-kind of securities held by a Fund in lieu
of cash. Shareholders may incur brokerage charges on the sale of any such
securities so received in payment of redemptions.
The Trust reserves the right to suspend the right of redemption and/or to
postpone the date of payment upon redemption for any period on which trading on
the New York Stock Exchange is restricted, or during the existence of an
emergency (as determined by the SEC by rule or
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<PAGE>
regulation) as a result of which disposal or valuation of a Fund's securities is
not reasonably practicable, or for such other periods as the SEC has by order
permitted. The Trust also reserves the right to suspend sales of shares of any
Fund for any period during which the New York Stock Exchange, the Adviser, the
Administrator, the Transfer Agent and/or the Custodian are not open for
business.
DETERMINATION OF NET ASSET VALUE
The securities of each Fund are valued by the Administrator. The Administrator
may use an independent pricing service to obtain valuations of securities. The
pricing service relies primarily on prices of actual market transactions as well
as on trade quotations obtained from third parties. The procedures of the
pricing service and its valuations are reviewed by the officers of the Trust
under the general supervision of the Trustees.
Corporate debt securities and mortgage-related securities held by the Funds are
valued on the basis of valuations provided by dealers in those instruments or by
an independent pricing service, approved by the Board of Trustees. Any such
pricing service, in determining value, will use information with respect to
transactions in the securities being valued, quotations from dealers, market
transactions in comparable securities, analyses and evaluations of various
relationships between securities and yield to maturity information.
Securities with remaining maturities of 60 days or less will be valued by the
amortized cost method, which involves valuing a security at its cost on the date
of purchase and thereafter (absent unusual circumstances) assuming a constant
amortization of maturity of any discount or premium, regardless of the impact of
fluctuations in general market rates of interest on the value of the instrument.
While this method provides certainty in valuation, it may result in periods
during which value, as determined by this method, is higher or lower than the
price the Trust would receive if it sold the instrument.
An option that is written by the Funds is generally valued at the last sale
price or, in the absence of the last sale price, the last offer price. An option
that is purchased by the Funds is generally valued at the last bid price. The
value of a futures contract equals the unrealized gain or loss on the contract
that is determined by marking the contract to the current settlement price for a
like contract on the valuation date of the futures contract. When a settlement
price cannot be used, futures contracts will be valued at their fair market
value as determined by or under the direction of the Trust's Board of Trustees.
If any securities held by the Funds are restricted as to resale or do not have
readily available market quotations, the Adviser determines their fair value for
purposes of determining market-based value, following procedures approved by the
Board of Trustees. The Trustees periodically review such procedures. The fair
value of such securities is generally determined as the amount which the Funds
could reasonably expect to realize from an orderly disposition of such
securities over a reasonable period of time. The valuation procedures applied in
any specific instance are likely to vary from case to case. However,
consideration is generally given to the financial position of the issuer and
other fundamental analytical data relating to the investment and to the
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<PAGE>
nature of the restrictions on disposition of the securities (including any
registration expenses that might be borne by the Funds in connection with
disposition). In addition, specific factors are also generally considered, such
as the cost of the investment, the market value of any unrestricted securities
of the same class (both at the time of purchase and at the time of valuation),
the size of the holding, the prices of any recent transactions or offers with
respect to such securities and any available analysts' reports regarding the
issuer.
TAXES
The following is only a summary of certain tax considerations generally
affecting the Funds and their shareholders, and is not intended as a substitute
for careful tax planning. Shareholders are urged to consult their tax advisors
with specific reference to their own tax situations, including their state and
local tax liabilities.
FEDERAL INCOME TAX
The following discussion of federal income tax consequences is based on the Code
and the regulations issued thereunder as in effect on the date of this Statement
of Additional Information. New legislation, as well as administrative changes or
court decisions, may significantly change the conclusions expressed herein, and
may have a retroactive effect with respect to the transactions contemplated
herein.
Each Fund intends to qualify as a "regulated investment company" ("RIC") as
defined under Subchapter M of the Code. By following such a policy, each Fund
expects to eliminate or reduce to a nominal amount the federal taxes to which it
may be subject.
In order to qualify for treatment as a RIC under the Code, each Fund must
distribute annually to its shareholders at least the sum of 90% of its net
interest income excludable from gross income plus 90% of its investment company
taxable income (generally, net investment income plus net short-term capital
gain) ("Distribution Requirement") and also must meet several additional
requirements. Among these requirements are the following: (i) at least 90% of
the Fund's gross income each taxable year must be derived from dividends,
interest, payments with respect to securities loans, gains from the sale or
other disposition of stock or securities, or certain other income (including
gains from options, futures or forward contracts); (ii) at the close of each
quarter of the Fund's taxable year, at least 50% of the value of its total
assets must be represented by cash and cash items, U.S. Government securities,
securities of other RICs and other securities, with such other securities
limited, in respect to any one issuer, to an amount that does not exceed 5% of
the value of the Fund's assets and that does not represent more than 10% of the
outstanding voting securities of such issuer; and (iii) at the close of each
quarter of the Fund's taxable year, not more than 25% of the value of its assets
may be invested in securities (other than U.S. Government securities or the
securities of other RICs) of any one issuer, or of two or more issuers which are
engaged in the same, similar or related trades or business if the Fund owns at
least 20% of the voting power of such issuer.
S-36
<PAGE>
Notwithstanding the Distribution Requirement described above, which requires
only that the Fund distribute at least 90% of its annual investment company
taxable income and does not require any minimum distribution of net capital gain
(the excess of net long-term capital gain over net short-term capital loss),
each Fund will be subject to a nondeductible 4% federal excise tax to the extent
it fails to distribute by the end of any calendar year 98% of its ordinary
income for that year and 98% of its capital gain net income (the excess of
short- and long-term capital gains over short-and long-term capital losses) for
the one-year period ending on October 31 of that year, plus certain other
amounts.
In certain cases, a Fund will be required to withhold, and remit to the United
States Treasury, 31% of any distributions paid to a shareholder who (1) has
failed to provide a correct taxpayer identification number, (2) is subject to
backup withholding by the Internal Revenue Service, or (3) has not certified to
that Fund that such shareholder is not subject to backup withholding.
If any Fund fails to qualify as a RIC for any taxable year, it will be taxable
at regular corporate rates. In such an event, all distributions (including
capital gains distributions) will be taxable as ordinary dividends to the extent
of the Fund's current and accumulated earnings and profits, and such
distributions will generally be eligible for the corporate dividends-received
deduction.
STATE TAXES
No Fund is liable for any income or franchise tax in Delaware if it qualifies as
a RIC for federal income tax purposes. Distributions by any Fund to shareholders
and the ownership of shares may be subject to state and local taxes.
PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS
In all purchases and sales of securities for the Funds, the primary
consideration is to be obtained the most favorable price and execution
available. Pursuant to the Agreements, the Adviser determines which securities
are to be purchased and sold by each Fund and which broker-dealers are eligible
to execute the Funds' portfolio transactions, subject to the instructions of the
review by the Funds and the Trust's Board of Trustees.
Purchases of portfolio securities for the Funds may be made directly from
issuers or from underwriters. Where possible, purchase and sale transactions
will be effected through dealers (including banks) which specialize in the types
of securities which the Funds will be holding, unless better executions are
available elsewhere. Dealers and underwriters usually act as principals for
their own accounts. Purchases from underwriters will include a commission paid
by the issuer to the underwriter and purchases from dealers will include the
spread between the bid and the asked price. If the execution and price offered
by more than one dealer or underwriter are comparable, the order may be
allocated to a dealer or underwriter that has provided research or other
services as discussed below.
In placing portfolio transactions, the Adviser will use its best efforts to
choose a broker-dealer capable of providing the services necessary to obtain the
most favorable price and execution
S-37
<PAGE>
available. The full range and quality of services available will be considered
in making these determinations, such as the size of the order, the difficulty of
execution, the operational facilities of the firm involved, the firm's risk in
positioning a block of securities, and other factors.
In those instances where it is reasonably determined that more than one
broker-dealer can offer the services needed to obtain the most favorable price
and execution available and the transaction involves a brokerage commission,
consideration may be given to those broker-dealers which furnish or supply
research and statistical information to the Adviser or its affiliates that they
may lawfully and appropriately use in their investment advisory capacity for the
Funds and for other accounts, as well as provide other services in addition to
execution services. The Adviser considers such information, which is in addition
to, and not in lieu of, the services required to be performed by it under the
agreement, to be useful in varying degrees, but of indeterminable value. The
Adviser anticipates that these opportunities will arise infrequently if at all.
The placement of portfolio transactions with broker-dealers who sell shares of
the Funds is subject to rules adopted by the National Association of Securities
Dealers, Inc. ("NASD"). Provided the Trust's officers are satisfied that the
Funds are receiving the most favorable price and execution available, the
Adviser may also consider the sale of the Funds' shares as a factor in the
selection of broker-dealers to execute their portfolio transactions.
While the Funds' general policy is to seek first to obtain the most favorable
price and execution available, in selecting a broker-dealer to execute portfolio
transactions, weight may also be given to the ability of a broker-dealer to
furnish brokerage, research and statistical services to the Funds or to the
Adviser, even if the specific services were not imputed just to the Funds and
may be lawfully and appropriately used by the Adviser in advising other clients.
The Adviser considers such information, which is in addition to, and not in lieu
of, the services required to be performed by it under the agreements, to be
useful in varying degrees, but of indeterminable value. In negotiating any
commissions with a broker, the Funds may therefore pay a higher commission than
would be the case if no weight were given to the furnishing of these
supplemental services, provided that the amount of such commission has been
determined in good faith by the Funds and the Adviser to be reasonable in
relation to the value of the brokerage and/or research services provided by such
broker-dealer, which services either produce a direct benefit to the Funds or
assist the Adviser in carrying out its responsibilities to the Funds. The
standard of reasonableness is to be measured in light of the Adviser and the
Adviser's overall responsibilities to the Funds.
Investment decisions for the Funds are made independently from those of other
client accounts of the Adviser. Nevertheless, it is possible that at times the
same securities will be acceptable for the Funds and for one or more of such
client accounts. To the extent any of these client accounts and one or both of
the Funds seeks to acquire the same security at the same time, the individual
Fund may not be able to acquire as large a portion of such security as it
desires, or it may have to pay a higher price or obtain a lower yield for such
security. Similarly, the Funds may not be able to obtain as high a price for, or
as large an execution of, an order to sell any particular security at the same
time. If one or more of such client accounts simultaneously purchases or sells
the same security one or both of the Funds is purchasing or selling, each day's
transactions in such
S-38
<PAGE>
security will be allocated between the particular Funds and all such client
accounts in a manner deemed equitable by the Adviser, taking into account the
respective sizes of the accounts, the amount being purchased or sold and other
factors deemed relevant by the Adviser. It is recognized that in some cases this
system could have a detrimental effect on the price or value of the security
insofar as the Funds are concerned. In other cases, however, it is believed that
the ability of the Funds to participate in volume transactions may produce
better trade execution for the Funds.
The Funds may use the Distributor as a broker to execute portfolio transactions.
In accordance with the 1940 Act, the Trust has adopted certain procedures which
are designed to provide that commissions payable to the Distributor are
reasonable and fair as compared to the commissions received by other brokers in
connection with comparable transactions involving similar securities being
purchased or sold on securities or options exchanges during a comparable period
of time. The Funds do not deem it practicable and in their best interest to
solicit competitive bids for commission rates on each transaction. However,
consideration is regularly given to information concerning the prevailing level
of commissions charged on comparable transactions by other qualified brokers.
The Board of Trustees reviews the procedures adopted by the Trust with respect
to the payment of brokerage commissions at least annually to ensure their
continuing appropriateness, and determines, on at least a quarterly basis, that
all such transactions during the preceding quarter were effected in compliance
with such procedures.
Depending on the Adviser's view of market conditions, the Funds may or may not
purchase securities with the expectation of holding them to maturity. The Funds
may, however, sell securities prior to maturity to meet redemptions or as a
result of a revised evaluation of market conditions or of the issuer.
DESCRIPTION OF SHARES
The Declaration of Trust authorizes the issuance of an unlimited number of
portfolios and shares of each portfolio. Each share of a portfolio represents an
equal proportionate interest in that portfolio with each other share. Shares are
entitled upon liquidation to a pro rata share in the net assets of the
portfolio. Shareholders have no preemptive rights. All consideration received by
the Trust for shares of any portfolio and all assets in which such consideration
is invested would belong to that portfolio and would be subject to the
liabilities related thereto. Share certificates representing shares will not be
issued.
Institutional Class Shares of the Funds are identical to Adviser Class Shares of
the Funds, except that Adviser Class Shares of the Funds are subject to a
shareholder servicing fee.
SHAREHOLDER LIABILITY
The Trust is an entity of the type commonly known as a "Delaware business
trust." The Trust's Declaration of Trust contains an express disclaimer of
shareholder liability for obligations of the Trust, and requires that notice of
such disclaimer be given in each agreement, obligation or instrument entered
into or executed by or on behalf of the Trust or the Trustees, and because the
S-39
<PAGE>
Declaration of Trust provides for indemnification out of the Trust property for
any shareholder held personally liable for the obligations of the Trust.
LIMITATION OF TRUSTEES' LIABILITY
The Declaration of Trust provides that a Trustee shall be liable only for his
own willful defaults and, if reasonable care has been exercised in the selection
of officers, agents, employees or investment adviser, shall not be liable for
any neglect or wrongdoing of any such person. The Declaration of Trust also
provides that the Trust will indemnify its Trustees and officers against
liabilities and expenses incurred in connection with actual or threatened
litigation in which they may be involved because of their offices with the Trust
unless it is determined in the manner provided in the Declaration of Trust that
they have not acted in good faith in the reasonable belief that their actions
were in the best interests of the Trust. However, nothing in the Declaration of
Trust shall protect or indemnify a Trustee against any liability for his willful
misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of his duties.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
EXPERTS
LEGAL COUNSEL
Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP serves as legal counsel to the Trust.
S-40
<PAGE>
APPENDIX
The following descriptions are summaries of published ratings.
DESCRIPTION OF MOODY'S LONG-TERM RATINGS
Aaa Bonds which are rated Aaa are judged to be of the best quality. They
carry the smallest degree of investment risk and are generally referred
to as "gilt edged." Interest payments are protected by a large or by an
exceptionally stable margin and principal is secure. While the various
protective elements are likely to change, such changes as can be
visualized are most unlikely to impair the fundamentally strong
position of such issues.
Aa Bonds which are rated Aa are judged to be of high quality by all
standards. Together with the Aaa group they comprise what are generally
known as high-grade bonds. They are rated lower than the best bonds
because margins of protection may not be as large as in Aaa securities
or fluctuation of protective elements may be of greater amplitude or
there may be other elements present which make the long-term risk
appear somewhat larger than the Aaa securities.
A Bonds which are rated A possess many favorable investment attributes
and are to be considered as upper-medium grade obligations. Factors
giving security to principal and interest are considered adequate, but
elements may be present which suggest a susceptibility to impairment
some time in the future.
Baa Bonds which are rated Baa are considered as medium-grade obligations
(i.e., they are neither highly protected nor poorly secured). Interest
payments and principal security appear adequate for the present but
certain protective elements may be lacking or may be characteristically
unreliable over any great length of time. Such bonds lack outstanding
investment characteristics and in fact have speculative characteristics
as well.
Ba Bonds which are rated Ba are judged to have speculative elements; their
future cannot be considered as well-assured. Often the protection of
interest and principal payments may be very moderate and thereby not
well safeguarded during both good and bad times over the future.
Uncertainty of position characterizes bonds in this class.
B Bonds which are rated B generally lack characteristics of the desirable
investment. Assurance of interest and principal payments or of
maintenance of other terms of the contract over any long period of time
may be small.
Caa Bonds which are rated Caa are of poor standing. Such issues may be in
default or there may be present elements of danger with respect to
principal or interest.
Ca Bonds which are rated Ca represent obligations which are speculative in
a high degree. Such issues are often in default or have other marked
shortcomings.
C Bonds which are rated C are the lowest rated class of bonds, and issues
so rated can be regarded as having extremely poor prospects of ever
attaining any real investment standing.
A-1
<PAGE>
DESCRIPTION OF STANDARD & POOR'S LONG-TERM RATINGS
Investment Grade
AAA Debt rated 'AAA' has the highest rating assigned by S&P. Capacity to pay
interest and repay principal is extremely strong.
AA Debt rated 'AA' has a very strong capacity to pay interest and repay
principal and differs from the highest rated debt only in small degree.
A Debt rated 'A' has a strong capacity to pay interest and repay
principal, although it is somewhat more susceptible to adverse effects
of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than debt in
higher-rated categories.
BBB Debt rated 'BBB' is regarded as having an adequate capacity to pay
interest and repay principal. Whereas it normally exhibits adequate
protection parameters, adverse economic conditions or changing
circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity to pay
interest and repay principal for debt in this category than in higher
rated categories.
BB Debt rated 'BB' has less near-term vulnerability to default than other
speculative grade debt. However, it faces major ongoing uncertainties or
exposure to adverse business, financial, or economic conditions that
could lead to inadequate capacity to meet timely interest and principal
payments. The 'BB' rating category is also used for debt subordinated to
senior debt that is assigned an actual or implied 'BBB-' rating.
B Debt rate 'B' has greater vulnerability to default but presently has the
capacity to meet interest payments and principal repayments. Adverse
business, financial, or economic conditions would likely impair capacity
or willingness to pay interest and repay principal. The 'B' rating
category also is used for debt subordinated to senior debt that is
assigned an actual or implied 'BB' or 'BB-' rating.
CCC Debt rated 'CCC' has a current identifiable vulnerability to default,
and is dependent on favorable business, financial, and economic
conditions to meet timely payment of interest and repayment of
principal. In the event of adverse business, financial, or economic
conditions, it is not likely to have the capacity to pay interest and
repay principal. The 'CCC' rating category also is used for debt
subordinated to senior debt that is assigned an actual or implied 'B' or
'B-' rating.
CC The rating 'CC' is typically applied to debt subordinated to senior debt
which is assigned an actual or implied 'CCC' rating.
C The rating 'C' is typically applied to debt subordinated to senior debt
which is assigned an actual or implied 'CCC-' debt rating. The 'C'
rating may be used to cover a situation where a bankruptcy petition has
been filed, but debt service payments are continued.
CI Debt rated 'CI' is reserved for income bonds on which no interest is
being paid.
D Debt is rated 'D' when the issue is in payment default, or the obligor
has filed for bankruptcy. The 'D' rating is used when interest or
principal payments are not made on the date due, even if the applicable
grace period has not expired, unless S&P believes that such payments
will be made during such grace period.
A-2
<PAGE>
DESCRIPTION OF DUFF & PHELPS' LONG-TERM DEBT RATINGS
AAA Highest credit quality. The risk factors are negligible, being only
slightly more than for risk-free U.S. Treasury debt.
AA+ High credit quality. Protection factors are strong. Risk is modest but
AA- may vary slightly from time to time because of economic conditions.
A+ Protection factors are average but adequate. However, risk factors are
A- more variable and greater in periods of economic stress.
BBB+ Below average protection factors but still considered sufficient for
BBB- prudent investment. Considerable variability in risk during economic
cycles.
BB+ Below investment grade but deemed likely to meet obligations when due.
BB Present or prospective financial protection factors fluctuate according
BB- to industry conditions or company fortunes. Overall quality may move up
or down frequently within this category.
B+ Below investment grade and possessing risk that obligations will not be
B met when due. Financial protection factors will fluctuate widely
B- according to economic cycles, industry conditions and/or company
fortunes. Potential exists for frequent changes in the rating within
this category or into a higher or lower rating grade.
CCC Well below investment grade securities. Considerable uncertainty exists
as to timely payment of principal, interest or preferred dividends.
Protection factors are narrow and risk can be substantial with
unfavorable economic/industry conditions, and/or with unfavorable
company developments.
DD Defaulted debt obligations. Issuer failed to meet scheduled principal
and/or interest payments.
DP Preferred stock with dividend arrearages.
DESCRIPTION OF FITCH'S LONG-TERM RATINGS
INVESTMENT GRADE BOND
AAA Bonds considered to be investment grade and of the highest credit
quality. The obligor has an exceptionally strong ability to pay
interest and repay principal, which is unlikely to be affected by
reasonably foreseeable events.
AA Bonds considered to be investment grade and of very high credit
quality. The obligor's ability to pay interest and repay principal is
very strong, although not quite as strong as bonds rated 'AAA'. Because
bonds rated in the 'AAA' and 'AA' categories are not significantly
vulnerable to foreseeable future developments, short-term debt of these
issuers is generally rated 'F-1+'.
A Bonds considered to be investment grade and of high credit quality. The
obligor's ability to pay interest and repay principal is considered to
be strong, but may be more vulnerable to adverse changes in economic
conditions and circumstances than bonds with higher ratings.
A-3
<PAGE>
BBB Bonds considered to be investment grade and of satisfactory credit
quality. The obligor's ability to pay interest and repay principal is
considered to be adequate. Adverse changes in economic conditions and
circumstances, however, are more likely to have adverse impact on these
bonds, and therefore impair timely payment. The likelihood that the
ratings of these bonds will fall below investment grade is higher than
for bonds with higher ratings.
SPECULATIVE GRADE BOND
BB Bonds are considered speculative. The obligor's ability to pay interest
and repay principal may be affected over time by adverse economic
changes. However, business and financial alternatives can be identified
which could assist the obligor in satisfying its debt service
requirements.
B Bonds are considered highly speculative. While bonds in this class are
currently meeting debt service requirements, the probability of
continued timely payment of principal and interest reflects the
obligor's limited margin of safety and the need for reasonable business
and economic activity throughout the life of the issue.
CCC Bonds have certain identifiable characteristics which, if not remedied,
may lead to default. The ability to meet obligations requires an
advantageous business and economic environment.
CC Bonds are minimally protected. Default in payment of interest and/or
principal seems probable over time.
C Bonds are in imminent default in payment of interest or principal.
DDD, DD,
AND D Bonds are in default on interest and/or principal payments. Such
are extremely speculative and should be valued on the basis of bonds
their ultimate recovery value in liquidation or reorganization of the
obligor. 'DDD' represents the highest potential for recovery on these
bonds, and 'D' represents the lowest potential for recovery.
DESCRIPTION OF IBCA'S LONG-TERM RATINGS
AAA Obligations for which there is the lowest expectation of investment
risk. Capacity for timely repayment of principal and interest is
substantial, such that adverse changes in business, economic or
financial conditions are unlikely to increase investment risk
substantially.
AA Obligations for which there is a very low expectation of investment
risk. Capacity for timely repayment of principal and interest is
substantial. Adverse changes in business, economic or financial
conditions may increase investment risk, albeit not very significantly.
A Obligations for which there is a low expectation of investment risk.
Capacity for timely repayment of principal and interest is strong,
although adverse changes in business, economic or financial conditions
may lead to increased investment risk.
BBB Obligations for which there is currently a low expectation of
investment risk. Capacity for timely repayment of principal and
interest is adequate, although adverse changes in business, economic or
financial conditions are more likely to lead to increased investment
risk than for obligations in other categories.
A-4
<PAGE>
BB Obligations for which there is a possibility of investment risk
developing. Capacity for timely repayment of principal and interest
exists, but is susceptible over time to adverse changes in business,
economic or financial conditions.
B Obligations for which investment risk exists. Timely repayment of
principal and interest is not sufficiently protected against adverse
changes in business, economic or financial conditions.
CCC Obligations for which there is a current perceived possibility of
default. Timely repayment of principal and interest is dependent on
favorable business, economic or financial conditions.
CC Obligations which are highly speculative or which have a high risk of
default.
C Obligations which are currently in default.
DESCRIPTION OF THOMSON BANKWATCH'S LONG-TERM DEBT RATINGS
INVESTMENT GRADE
AAA The highest category; indicates that the ability to repay principal and
interest on a timely basis is very high.
AA The second-highest category; indicates a superior ability to repay
principal and interest on a timely basis, with limited incremental risk
compared to issues rated in the highest category.
A The third-highest category; indicates the ability to repay principal
and interest is strong. Issues rated "A" could be more vulnerable to
adverse developments (both internal and external) than obligations with
higher ratings.
BBB The lowest investment-grade category; indicates an acceptable capacity
to repay principal and interest. Issues rated "BBB" are, however, more
vulnerable to adverse developments (both internal and external) than
obligations with higher ratings.
NON-INVESTMENT GRADE
BB While not investment grade, the "BB" rating suggests that the
likelihood of default is considerably less than for lower-rated issues.
However, there are significant uncertainties that could affect the
ability to adequately service debt obligations.
B Issues rated "B" show a higher degree of uncertainty and therefore
greater likelihood of default than higher-rated issues. Adverse
developments could well negatively affect the payment of interest and
principal on a timely basis.
CCC Issues rated "CCC" clearly have a high likelihood of default, with
little capacity to address further adverse changes in financial
circumstances.
CC "CC" is applied to issues that are subordinate to other obligations
rated "CCC" and are afforded less protection in the event of bankruptcy
or reorganization.
D Default
A-5
<PAGE>
PART C: OTHER INFORMATION
Item 23. Exhibits:
(a)(1) Agreement and Declaration of Trust dated October 25, 1993, is filed
herewith.
(a)(2) Certificate of Amendment of Agreement and Declaration of Trust of
Corona Investment Trust dated December 11, 1993, is filed herewith.
(a)(3) Certificates of Amendment of Agreement and Declaration of Trust and
Certificate of Trust of the Solon Funds dated June 13, 1994, is filed
herewith.
(a)(4) Certificate of Amendment of Agreement and Declaration of Trust dated
November 10, 1997, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1(d) of the
Registrant's Registration Statement as filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on December 16, 1997.
(a)(5) Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust dated October
8, 1998, is filed herewith.
(b) By-Laws are filed herewith.
(c) Not applicable.
(d)(1) Investment Management Agreement is incorporated by reference to Exhibit
5(a) of the Registrant's Post-Effective Amendment No. 3 as filed with
the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 28, 1996.
(d)(2) Sub-Advisory Agreement is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 5(b) of
the Registrant's Post-Effective Amendment No. 3 as filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission on June 28, 1996.
(d)(3) Investment Advisory Agreement between the Registrant and Turner
Investment Partners, Inc., on behalf of the Short Duration Funds - One
Year Portfolio and the Short Duration Funds - Three Year Portfolio,is
incorporated by reference to the Registrant's Post-Effective Amendment
No. 7 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October
1, 1998.
(d)(4) Investment Advisory Agreement between the Registrant and Turner
Investment Partners, Inc.,is incorporated by reference to the
Registrant's Post-Effective Amendment No. 7 as filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission on October 1, 1998.
(d)(5) Investment Advisory Agreement between the Registrant and Penn Capital
Management Company, Inc.,is incorporated by reference to the
Registrant's Post-Effective Amendment No. 7 as filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission on October 1, 1998.
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<PAGE>
(e)(1) Underwriting Agreement is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 6(a) of
the Registrant's Post-Effective Amendment No. 3 as filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission on June 28, 1996.
(e)(2) Distribution Agreement between the Registrant and SEI Investments
Distribution Co.,is incorporated by reference to the Registrant's
Post-Effective Amendment No. 7 as filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on October 1, 1998.
(f) Not applicable.
(g)(1) Custodian Agreement is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 8 of the
Registrant's Post-Effective Amendment No. 2 as filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission on June 30, 1995.
(g)(2) Form of Custodian Agreement by and between the Registrant and First
Union National Bank is filed herewith.
(h)(1) Administrative Services Contract is incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 9(a) of the Registrant's Post-Effective Amendment No. 3 as
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 28, 1996.
(h)(2) Services Agreement is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 9(b) of the
Registrant's Post-Effective Amendment No. 3 as filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission on June 28, 1996.
(h)(3) Administration Agreement between the Registrant and SEI Fund
Resources,is incorporated by reference to the Registrant's
Post-Effective Amendment No. 7 as filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on October 1, 1998.
(h)(4) Transfer Agency Agreement between the Registrant and DST Systems, Inc.,
is incorporated by reference to the Registrant's Post-Effective
Amendment No. 7 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on
October 1, 1998.
(i) Opinion and Consent of Counsel is incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10 of the Registrant=s Post-Effective Amendment No. 5 as filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission on December 17, 1997.
(j) Consent of Independent Auditors, Ernst & Young, LLP, is filed herewith.
(k) Not applicable.
(l) Not applicable.
(m) Not applicable.
c-iii
<PAGE>
(n) Not applicable.
(o) Not applicable.
(p)(1) Powers of Attorney for Katherine Griswold and Ronald Filante are
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 24(a) of the Registration
Statement filed on December 16, 1997)
(p)(2) Powers of Attorney for Robert E. Turner and Alfred C. Salvato
(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 24(b) of the Registration
Statement filed on August 18, 1998)
Item 24. Persons Controlled by or Under Common Control with Registrant:
See the Prospectus and the Statement of Additional Information
regarding the Registrant's control relationships. SEI Investments Management
Corporation (formerly, SEI Financial Management Corporation) is the owner of all
beneficial interest in the Administrator and is a subsidiary of SEI Investments
Company, which also controls the distributor of the Registrant, SEI Investments
Distribution Co. (formerly, SEI Financial Services Company), as well as to other
corporations engaged in providing various financial and record keeping services,
primarily to bank trust departments, pension plan sponsors, and investment
managers.
Item 25. Indemnification:
Article VII of the Agreement and Declaration of Trust empowers the
Trustees of the Trust, to the full extent permitted by law, to purchase with
Trust assets insurance for indemnification from liability and to pay for all
expenses reasonably incurred or paid or expected to be paid by a Trustee or
officer in connection with any claim, action, suit or proceeding in which he or
she becomes involved by virtue of his or her capacity or former capacity with
the Trust.
Article VI of the By-Laws of the Trust provides that the Trust shall
indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party
to any proceeding by reason of the fact that such person is and other amounts or
was an agent of the Trust, against expenses, judgments, fines, settlement and
other amounts actually and reasonable incurred in connection with such
proceeding if that person acted in good faith and reasonably believed his or her
conduct to be in the best interests of the Trust. Indemnification will not be
provided in certain circumstances, however, including instances of willful
misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence, and reckless disregard of the duties
involved in the conduct of the particular office involved.
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities
Act of 1933 may be permitted to the Trustees, officers and controlling persons
of the Registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions or otherwise, the
Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange
Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the
Securities Act of 1933 and is, therefore, unenforceable in the event that a
claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by
the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a Trustee, officer or controlling
person of the Registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or
proceeding) is asserted by such Trustee, officer or controlling person in
connection with the securities being registered, the Registrant will, unless in
the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent,
submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such
indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities
Act of 1933 and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
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<PAGE>
Item 26. Business and Other Connections of Investment Adviser:
ADVISERS
TURNER INVESTMENT PARTNERS, INC.
Turner Investment Partners, Inc. ("Turner") is the investment adviser for the
Turner Micro Cap Growth, Turner Short Duration Government Funds - One Year
Portfolio and Turner Short Duration Government Funds - Three Year Portfolio
Funds. The principal address of Turner is 1235 Westlakes Drive, Suite 350,
Berwyn, PA 19312. Turner is an investment adviser registered under the Advisers
Act.
NAME AND POSITION POSITION WITH
WITH COMPANY OTHER COMPANY OTHER COMPANY
- ----------------- ------------- -------------
Stephen J. Kneeley -- --
Chief Operating Officer, Secretary,
Treasurer
James I. Midanek -- --
CIO - Fixed Income
Janet Rader Rote -- --
Director of Compliance
Michael R. Thompson -- --
Marketing Director,
Assistant Secretary
Thomas R. Trala
Director of Finance -- --
Mark D. Turner
President, Director of Fixed -- --
Income
Robert E. Turner, Jr.
Chairman, CIO -- --
PENN CAPITAL MANAGEMENT COMPANY, INC.
Penn Capital Management Company, Inc. is the investment adviser for the
Penn Penn Capital Strategic High Yield Bond Fund. Penn Capital Management
Company, Inc. is the sub-adviser for the TIP Target Select Equity Fund. The
principal address of Penn Capital Management Company, Inc., is 52
Haddonfield-Berlin Road, Suite 1000, Cherry Hill, NJ 08034.
c-v
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NAME AND POSITION CONNECTION WITH
WITH COMPANY OTHER COMPANY OTHER COMPANY
- ----------------- ------------- ---------------
<S> <C> <C>
John J. Gallagher, Jr. Valley Forge Military Chairman of Board of Trustees
Trustee Academy & College
Kimberley Hocker
Trustee -- --
Kirsten Hocker
Trustee -- --
Marcia Ann Hocker MAH Inc. Secretary/Treasurer
President, COO, Trustee
Richard Alan Hocker
CIO -- --
Kathleen Ann News
Managing Director -- --
Michael F. Swallow
Secretary, Treasurer -- --
</TABLE>
c-vi
<PAGE>
Item 27. Principal Underwriters:
(a) Furnish the name of each investment company (other than the Registrant)
for which each principal underwriter currently distributing the
securities of the Registrant also acts as a principal underwriter,
distributor or investment adviser.
Registrant's distributor, SEI Investments Distribution Co.
(the "Distributor"), acts as distributor for:
SEI Daily Income Trust July 15, 1982
SEI Liquid Asset Trust November 29, 1982
SEI Tax Exempt Trust December 3, 1982
SEI Index Funds July 10, 1985
SEI Institutional Managed Trust January 22, 1987
SEI Institutional International Trust August 30, 1988
The Advisors' Inner Circle Fund November 14, 1991
The Pillar Funds February 28, 1992
CUFUND May 1, 1992
STI Classic Funds May 29, 1992
First American Funds, Inc. November 1, 1992
First American Investment Funds, Inc. November 1, 1992
The Arbor Fund January 28, 1993
Boston 1784 Funds(R) June 1, 1993
The PBHG Funds, Inc. July 16, 1993
Morgan Grenfell Investment Trust January 3, 1994
The Achievement Funds Trust December 27, 1994
Bishop Street Funds January 27, 1995
CrestFunds, Inc. March 1, 1995
STI Classic Variable Trust August 18, 1995
ARK Funds November 1, 1995
Monitor Funds January 11, 1996
SEI Asset Allocation Trust April 1, 1996
SEI Institutional Investments Trust June 14, 1996
First American Strategy Funds, Inc. October 1, 1996
HighMark Funds February 15, 1997
Armada Funds March 8, 1997
PBHG Insurance Series Fund, Inc. April 1, 1997
The Expedition Funds June 9, 1997
TIP Funds April 28, 1996
Oak Associates Funds February 27, 1998
The Nevis Fund, Inc. June 29, 1998
The Parkstone Group of Funds September 14, 1998
The Distributor provides numerous financial services to investment
managers, pension plan sponsors, and bank trust departments. These
services include portfolio evaluation, performance measurement and
consulting services ("Funds Evaluation") and automated execution,
clearing and settlement of securities transactions ("MarketLink").
c-vii
<PAGE>
(b) Furnish the Information required by the following table with respect to
each director, officer or partner of each principal underwriter named
in the answer to Item 21 of Part B. Unless otherwise noted, the
business address of each director or officer is Oaks, PA 19456.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
POSITION AND OFFICE POSITIONS AND OFFICES
NAME WITH UNDERWRITER WITH REGISTRANT
- ---- ------------------- ---------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Alfred P. West, Jr. Director, Chairman of the Board of Directors --
Henry H. Greer Director --
Carmen V. Romeo Director --
Mark J. Held President & Chief Operating Officer --
Gilbert L. Beebower Executive Vice President --
Richard B. Lieb Executive Vice President --
Dennis J. McGonigle Executive Vice President --
Robert M. Silvestri Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer --
Leo J. Dolan, Jr. Senior Vice President --
Carl A. Guarino Senior Vice President --
Larry Hutchison Senior Vice President --
Jack May Senior Vice President --
Hartland J. McKeown Senior Vice President --
Barbara J. Moore Senior Vice President --
Kevin P. Robins Senior Vice President & General Counsel --
Patrick K. Walsh Senior Vice President --
Robert Aller Vice President --
Gordon W. Carpenter Vice President --
Todd Cipperman Vice President & Assistant Secretary Vice President & Assistant Secretary
S. Courtney E. Collier Vice President & Assistant Secretary --
Robert Crudup Vice President & Managing Director --
Barbara Doyne Vice President --
Jeff Drennen Vice President --
Vic Galef Vice President & Managing Director --
Lydia A. Gavalis Vice President & Assistant Secretary --
Greg Gettinger Vice President & Assistant Secretary --
Kathy Heilig Vice President Vice President & Assistant Secretary
Jeff Jacobs Vice President --
Samuel King Vice President --
Kim Kirk Vice President & Managing Director --
John Krzeminski Vice President & Managing Director --
Carolyn McLaurin Vice President & Managing Director --
W. Kelso Morrill Vice President --
Mark Nagle Vice President --
Joanne Nelson Vice President --
Joseph M. O=Donnell Vice President & Assistant Secretary Vice President & Assistant Secretary
Sandra K. Orlow Vice President & Assistant Secretary Vice President & Assistant Secretary
Cynthia M. Parrish Vice President & Assistant Secretary --
Kim Rainey Vice President --
Rob Redican Vice President --
Maria Rinehart Vice President --
Mark Samuels Vice President & Managing Director --
Steve Smith Vice President --
Daniel Spaventa Vice President --
Kathryn L. Stanton Vice President & Assistant Secretary --
Lynda J. Striegel Vice President & Assistant Secretary Vice President & Assistant Secretary
Lori L. White Vice President & Assistant Secretary --
Wayne M. Withrow Vice President & Managing Director --
</TABLE>
c-viii
<PAGE>
The Distributor provides numerous financial services to investment managers,
pension plan sponsors, and bank trust departments. These services include
portfolio evaluation, performance measurement and consulting services ("Funds
Evaluation") and automated execution, clearing and settlement of securities
transactions ("MarketLink").
Item 28. Location of Accounts and Records.
Books or other documents required to be maintained by Section 31(a) of
the Investment Company Act of 1940, and the rules promulgated thereunder, are
maintained as follows:
(a) With respect to Rules 31a-1(a); 31a-1(b)(1); (2)(a) and (b); (3);
(6); (8); (12); and 31a-1(d), the required books and records will be
maintained at the offices of Registrant's Custodian:
First Union National Bank
Broad & Chestnut Streets
P.O. Box 7618
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19101
(b)/(c) With respect to Rules 31a-1(a); 31a-1(b)(1),(4); (2)(C) and
(D); (4); (5); (6); (8); (9); (10); (11); and 31a-1(f), the required
books and records are maintained at the offices of Registrant's
Administrator:
SEI Investments Mutual Funds Services
Oaks, Pennsylvania 19456
(c) With respect to Rules 31a-1(b)(5), (6), (9) and (10) and 31a-1(f),
the required books and records are maintained at the principal offices
of the Registrant's Advisers:
Turner Investment Partners, Inc.
1235 Westlakes Drive, Suite 350
Berwyn, Pennsylvania 19312
Penn Capital Management Company, Inc.
52 Haddonfield-Berlin Road
Suite 1000
Cherry Hill, New Jersey 08034
Item 29. Management Services: None
Item 30. Undertakings: None
c-ix
<PAGE>
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933 and the
Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, the Registrant has duly caused this
Post-Effective Amendment No. 8 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned,
thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Oaks, Commonwealth of Pennsylvania on
the 23th day of November 1998.
TIP INSTITUTIONAL FUNDS
By: /s/ Stephen J. Kneeley
-------------------------------
Stephen J. Kneeley
President & Chief Executive Officer
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this Registration
Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities and
on the dates indicated.
* Trustee November 23, 1998
- ----------------------------
Robert E. Turner
* Trustee November 23, 1998
- ----------------------------
Alfred C. Salvato
* Trustee November 23, 1998
- ----------------------------
Ronald W. Filante
* Trustee November 23, 1998
- ----------------------------
Katherine R. Griswold
/s/ Stepehn J. Kneeley President & Chief November 23, 1998
- ---------------------------- Executive Officer
Stephen J. Kneeley
/s/ Robert DellaCroce Controller and November 23, 1998
- ---------------------------- Chief Financial
Robert DellaCroce Officer
* By: /s/ Stephen J. Kneeley
----------------------
Stephen J. Kneeley
Attorney-in-Fact
c-x
<PAGE>
EXHIBIT INDEX
NAME EXHIBIT
- ---- -------
Agreement and Declaration of Trust of the Registrant, Ex-99.a(1)
dated October 25, 1993, is filed herewith.
Certificate Amendment to the Agreement and Declaration of Ex-99.a(2)
Trust of the Registrant, dated December 11, 1993, is filed
herewith.
Certificate Amendment to the Agreement and Declaration of Ex-99.a(3)
Trust of the Registrant, dated June 13, 1994, is filed
herewith.
Certificate Amendment to the Agreement and Declaration of Ex-99.a(4)
Trust of the Registrant, dated November 10, 1997, is
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1(d) of the
Registrant=s Registration Statement as filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission on December 16, 1997.
Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust Ex-99.a(5)
dated October 8, 1998, is filed herewith.
By-Laws of the Registrant, is filed herewith. Ex-99.b
Investment Management Agreement (incorporated herein by Ex-99.d(1)
reference to Exhibit 5(a) of the Post-Effective Amendment
No. 3 filed on June 28, 1996).
Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement (incorporated herein by Ex-99.d(2)
reference to Exhibit 5(b) of the Post-Effective Amendment
No. 3 filed on June 28, 1996).
Investment Advisory Agreement between the Registrant and Ex-99.d(3)
Turner Investment Partners, Inc., on behalf of the Short
Duration Funds - One Year Portfolio and the Short Duration
Funds - Three Year Portfolio,(incorporated herein by
reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 7 filed on
October 1, 1998).
Investment Advisory Agreement between the Registrant and Ex-99.d(4)
Turner Investment Partners, Inc., (incorporated herein by
reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 7 filed on
October 1, 1998).
<PAGE>
Investment Advisory Agreement between the Registrant and Ex-99.d(5)
Penn Capital Management Company, Inc.,(incorporated herein
by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 7 filed on
October 1, 1998).
Underwriting Agreement (incorporated herein by reference to Ex-99.e(1)
Exhibit 6(a) of the Post-Effective Amendment No. 3 filed on
June 28, 1996).
Distribution Agreement between the Registrant and SEI Ex-99.e(2)
Investments Distribution Co., (incorporated herein by
reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 7 filed on
October 1, 1998).
Custodian Agreement (incorporated herein by reference to Ex-99.g(1)
Exhibit 8 of the Post-Effective Amendment No. 2 filed on
June 30, 1995).
Form of Custodian Agreement by and between the Registrant and Ex-99.g(2)
First Union National Bank is filed herewith. Administration
Services Contract (incorporated Ex-99.h(1) herein by
reference to Exhibit 9(a) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 3
filed on June 28, 1996).
Administration Services Contract (incorporated by reference Ex-99.h(1)
to Exhibit 9(a) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 3 filed on
June 28, 1996.
Services Agreement (incorporated herein by reference to Ex-99.h(2)
Exhibit 9(b) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 3 filed on
June 28, 1996).
Administration Agreement between the Registrant and SEI Fund Ex-99.h(3)
Resources,(incorporated herein by reference to the
Post-Effective Amendment filed on October 1, 1998).
Opinion and Consent of Counsel (incorporated herein by Ex-99.i
reference to Exhibit 10 of the Registration Statement filed
on December 16, 1997).
Consent of Independent Auditors, Ernst & Young, LLP, is Ex-99.j
filed herewith.
Powers of Attorney for Katherine Griswold and Ronald Filante Ex-99.p(1)
are (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 24(a) of the
Registration Statement filed on December 16, 1997)
Powers of Attorney for Robert E. Turner and Alfred C. Salvato Ex-99.p(2)
are (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 24(b) of the
Registration Statement filed on August 18, 1998).
AGREEMENT AND DECLARATION OF TRUST
of
CORONA INVESTMENT TRUST
a Delaware Business Trust
Principal Place of Business:
237 Park Avenue, Suite 2100
New York, New York 10017
<PAGE>
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CORONA INVESTMENT TRUST
AGREEMENT AND DECLARATION OF TRUST
ARTICLE I Name and Definitions.............................................1
1. Name.............................................................1
2. Definitions......................................................1
(a) Trust.......................................................1
(b) Trust Property..............................................1
(c) Trustees....................................................1
(d) Shares......................................................2
(e) Shareholder.................................................2
(f) Person......................................................2
(g) Investment Company Act .....................................2
(h) Commission and Principal Underwriter........................2
(i) Declaration of Trust........................................2
(j) By-Laws.....................................................2
(k) Interested Person ..........................................2
(l) Investment Adviser or Manager...............................2
(m) Series .....................................................3
ARTICLE II Purpose of Trust.................................................3
ARTICLE III Shares...........................................................3
1. Division of Beneficial Interest..................................3
2. Ownership of Shares..............................................4
3. Investments in the Trust.........................................4
4. Status of Shares and Limitation of
Personal Liability...............................................4
5. Power of Board of Trustees to Change Provisions
Relating to Shares...............................................5
6. Establishment and Designation of Series..........................5
(a) Assets Held with Respect to a Particular
Series......................................................6
(b) Liabilities Held With Respect to a
Particular Series...........................................6
(c) Dividends, Distributions, Redemptions
and Repurchases.............................................7
i
<PAGE>
(d) Voting......................................................7
(e) Equality....................................................8
(f) Fractions...................................................8
(g) Exchange Privilege..........................................8
(h) Combination of Series.......................................8
(i) Elimination of Series.......................................8
7. Indemnification of Shareholders..................................9
ARTICLE IV The Board of Trustees............................................9
1. Number, Election and Tenure......................................9
2. Effect of Death, Resignation, etc. of a Trustee.................10
3. Powers..........................................................10
4. Payment of Expenses by the Trust................................14
5. Payment of Expenses by Shareholders.............................14
6. Ownership of Assets of the Trust................................14
7. Service Contracts...............................................15
ARTICLE V Shareholders' Voting Powers and Meetings........................17
1. Voting Powers...................................................17
2. Voting Power and Meetings.......................................17
3. Quorum and Required Vote........................................18
4. Action by Written Consent.......................................18
5. Record Dates....................................................18
6. Additional Provisions...........................................19
ARTICLE VI Net Asset Value, Distributions and Redemptions..................19
1. Determination of Net Asset Value, Net Income
and Distributions...............................................19
2. Redemption and Repurchases......................................19
3. Redemptions at the Option of the Trust..........................20
ARTICLE VII Compensation and Limitation of Liability
of Trustees...................................................20
1. Compensation....................................................20
2. Indemnification and Limitation of Liability.....................21
3. Trustee's Good Faith Action, Expert Advice,
No Bond or Surety...............................................21
4. Insurance.......................................................22
ii
<PAGE>
ARTICLE VIII Miscellaneous...................................................22
1. Liability of Third Persons Dealing with Trustees................22
2. Termination of Trust or Series..................................22
3. Merger and Consolidation........................................23
4. Amendments......................................................23
5. Filing of Copies, References, Headings..........................23
6. Applicable Law..................................................24
7. Provisions in Conflict with Law or Regulations..................24
8. Business Trust Only.............................................25
iii
<PAGE>
AGREEMENT AND DECLARATION OF TRUST
OF
CORONA INVESTMENT TRUST
WHEREAS, THIS AGREEMENT AND DECLARATION OF TRUST is made and entered into
as of the date set forth below by the Trustees named hereunder for the purpose
of forming a Delaware business trust in accordance with the provisions
hereinafter set forth,
NOW, THEREFORE, the Trustees hereby direct that a Certificate of Trust be
filed with Office of the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware and do
hereby declare that the Trustees will hold IN TRUST all cash, securities and
other assets which the Trust now possesses or may hereafter acquire from time to
time in any manner and manage and dispose of the same upon the following terms
and conditions for the pro rata benefit of the holders of Shares in this Trust.
ARTICLE I
Name and Definitions
SECTION 1. NAME. This Trust shall be known as Corona Investment Trust, and
the Trustees shall conduct the business of the Trust under that name or any
other name as they may from time to time determine.
SECTION 2. DEFINITIONS. Whenever used herein, unless otherwise required by
the context or specifically provided:
(a) The "Trust" refers to the Delaware business trust established by this
Agreement and Declaration of Trust, as amended from time to time;
(b) The "Trust Property" means any and all property, real or personal,
tangible or intangible, which is owned or held by or for the account of the
Trust, including without limitation the rights referenced in Article VIII,
Section 9 hereof;
(c) "Trustees" refers to the persons who have signed this Agreement and
Declaration of Trust, so long as they continue in office in accordance with the
terms hereof, and all other persons who may from time to time be duly elected or
appointed to serve on the Board of Trustees in accordance with the provisions
hereof, and reference herein to a Trustee or the Trustees shall refer to such
person or persons in their capacity as trustees hereunder;
(d) "Shares" means the shares of beneficial interest into which the
beneficial interest in the Trust shall be divided from time to time and includes
fractions of Shares as well as whole Shares;
1
<PAGE>
(e) "Shareholder" means a record owner of outstanding Shares;
(f) "Person" means and includes individuals, corporations, partnerships,
trusts, associations, joint ventures, estates and other entities, whether or not
legal entities, and governments and agencies and political subdivisions thereof,
whether domestic or foreign;
(g) The "Investment Company Act" refers to the Investment Company Act of
1940 and the Rules and Regulations thereunder, all as amended from time to time;
(h) The terms "Commission" and "Principal Underwriter" shall have the
meanings given them in the Investment Company Act;
(i) "Declaration of Trust" shall mean this Agreement and Declaration of
Trust, as amended or restated from time to time;
(j) "By-Laws" shall mean the By-Laws of the Trust as amended from time to
time and incorporated herein by reference;
(k) The term "Interested Person" has the meaning given it in Section
2(a)(19) of the Investment Company Act;
(l) "Investment Adviser" or "Manager" means a party furnishing services to
the Trust pursuant to any contract described in Article IV, Section 7(a) hereof;
and
(m) "Series" refers to each Series of Shares established and designated
under or in accordance with the provisions of Article III.
ARTICLE II
Purpose of Trust
The purpose of the Trust is to conduct, operate and carry on the business
of a management investment company registered under the Investment Company Act
through one or more Series investing primarily in securities.
ARTICLE III
Shares
SECTION 1. DIVISION OF BENEFICIAL INTEREST. The beneficial interest in the
Trust shall at all times be divided into an unlimited number of Shares, with a
par value of $.01 per Share. The Trustees may authorize the division of Shares
into separate Series and the division of Series into separate classes of Shares.
The different Series shall be established and designated, and the
2
<PAGE>
variations in the relative rights and preferences as between the different
Series shall be fixed and determined, by the Trustees. If only one or no Series
(or classes) shall be established, the Shares shall have the rights and
preferences provided for herein and in Article III, Section 6 hereof to the
extent relevant and not otherwise provided for herein, and all references to
Series (and classes) shall be construed (as the context may require) to refer to
the Trust.
Subject to the provisions of Section 6 of this Article III, each Share
shall have voting rights as provided in Article V hereof, and holders of the
Shares of any Series shall be entitled to receive dividends when, if and as
declared with respect thereto in the manner provided in Article VI, Section 1
hereof. No Shares shall have any priority or preference over any other Share of
the same Series with respect to dividends or distributions upon termination of
the Trust or of such Series made pursuant to Article VIII Section 4 hereof. All
dividends and distributions shall be made ratably among all Shareholders of a
particular class of a particular Series and, if no classes, of a particular
Series from the assets held with respect to such Series according to the number
of Shares of such class of such Series or of such Series held of record by such
Shareholder on the record date for any dividend or distribution or on the date
of termination, as the case may be. Shareholders shall have no preemptive or
other right to subscribe to any additional Shares or other securities issued by
the Trust or any Series. The Trustees may from time to time divide or combine
the Shares of any particular Series into a greater or lesser number of Shares of
that Series without thereby materially changing the proportionate beneficial
interest of the Shares of that Series in the assets held with respect to that
Series or materially affecting the rights of Shares of any other Series.
SECTION 2. OWNERSHIP OF SHARES. The ownership of Shares shall be recorded
on the books of the Trust or a transfer or similar agent for the Trust, which
books shall be maintained separately for the Shares of each Series (or class of
each Series). No certificates certifying the ownership of Shares shall be issued
except as the Board of Trustees may otherwise determine from time to time. The
Trustees may make such rules as they consider appropriate for the transfer of
Shares of each Series (or class of each Series) and similar matters. The record
books of the Trust as kept by the Trust or any transfer or similar agent, as the
case may be, shall be conclusive as to the identity of the Shareholders of each
Series (or class of each Series) and as to the number of Shares of each Series
(or class) held from time to time by each.
SECTION 3. INVESTMENTS IN THE TRUST. Investments may be accepted by the
Trust from such Persons, at such times, on such terms, and for such
consideration as the Trustee from time to time may authorize.
SECTION 4. STATUS OF SHARES AND LIMITATION OF PERSONAL LIABILITY. Shares
shall be deemed to be personal property giving only the rights provided in this
instrument. Every Shareholder, by virtue of having become a Shareholder, shall
be held to have expressly assented and agreed to the terms hereof and to have
become a party hereto. The death of a Shareholder during the existence of the
Trust shall not operate to terminate the Trust, nor entitle the representative
of any deceased Shareholder to an accounting or to take any action in court or
elsewhere against the Trust or the Trustees, but entitles such representative
only to the rights of said deceased Shareholder under
3
<PAGE>
this Trust. Ownership of Shares shall not entitle the Shareholder to any title
in or to the whole or any part of the Trust Property or right to call for a
partition or division of the same or for an accounting, nor shall the ownership
of Shares constitute the Shareholders as partners. Neither the Trust nor the
Trustees, nor any officer, employee or agent of the Trust shall have any power
to bind personally any Shareholder, nor, except as specifically provided herein,
to call upon any Shareholder for the payment of any sum of money or assessment
whatsoever other than such as the Shareholder may at any time personally agree
to pay.
SECTION 5. POWER OF BOARD OF TRUSTEES TO CHANGE PROVISIONS RELATING TO
SHARES. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Declaration of Trust and
without limiting the power of the Board of Trustees to amend the Declaration of
Trust as provided elsewhere herein, the Board of Trustees shall have the power
to amend this Declaration of Trust, at any time and from time to time, in such
manner as the Board of Trustees may determine in their sole discretion, without
the need for Shareholder action, so as to add to, delete, replace or otherwise
modify any provisions relating to the Shares contained in this Declaration of
Trust, provided that before adopting any such amendment without Shareholder
approval the Board of Trustees shall determine that it is consistent with the
fair and equitable treatment of all Shareholders or that Shareholder approval is
not otherwise required by the Investment Company Act or other applicable law. If
Shares have been issued, Shareholder approval shall be required to adopt any
amendments to this Declaration of Trust that would adversely affect to a
material degree the rights and preferences of the Shares of any Series (or class
of any Series) or to increase or decrease the par value of the Shares of any
Series (or class of any Series).
Subject to the foregoing Paragraph, the Board of Trustees may amend the
Declaration of Trust to amend any of the provisions set forth in paragraphs (a)
through (i) of Section 6 of this Article III.
SECTION 6. ESTABLISHMENT AND DESIGNATION OF SERIES. The establishment and
designation of any Series (or class) of Shares shall be effective upon the
resolution by a majority of the then Trustees, adopting a resolution that sets
forth such establishment and designation and the relative rights and preferences
of such Series (or class). Each such resolution shall be incorporated herein by
reference upon adoption.
Shares of each Series (or class) established pursuant to this Section 6,
unless otherwise provided in the resolution establishing such Series, shall have
the following relative rights and preferences:
(a) ASSETS HELD WITH RESPECT TO A PARTICULAR SERIES. All consideration
received by the Trust for the issue or sale of Shares of a particular Series,
together with all assets in which such consideration is invested or reinvested,
all income, earnings, profits, and proceeds thereof from whatever source
derived, including, without limitation, any proceeds derived from the sale,
exchange or liquidation of such assets, and any funds or payments derived from
any reinvestment of such proceeds in whatever form the same may be, shall
irrevocably be held with respect to that Series for all purposes, subject only
to the rights of creditors, and shall be so recorded upon the books of
4
<PAGE>
account of the Trust. Such consideration, assets, income, earnings, profits and
proceeds thereof, from whatever source derived, including, without limitation,
any proceeds derived from the sale, exchange or liquidation of such assets, and
any funds or payments derived from any reinvestment of such proceeds, in
whatever form the same may be, are herein referred to as "assets held with
respect to" that Series. In the event that there are any assets, income,
earnings, profits and proceeds thereof, funds or payments which are not readily
identifiable as assets held with respect to any particular Series (collectively
"General Assets"), the Trustees shall allocate such General Assets to, between
or among any one or more of the Series in such manner and on such basis as the
Trustees, in their sole discretion, deem fair and equitable, and any General
Asset so allocated to a particular Series shall be held with respect to that
Series. Each such allocation by the Trustees shall be conclusive and binding
upon the Shareholders of all Series for all purposes.
(b) LIABILITIES HELD WITH RESPECT TO A PARTICULAR SERIES. The assets of the
Trust held with respect to each particular Series shall be charged against the
liabilities of the Trust held with respect to that Series and all expenses,
costs, charges and reserves attributable to that Series, and any general
liabilities of the Trust which are not readily identifiable as being held with
respect to any particular Series shall be allocated and charged by the Trustees
to and among any one or more of the Series in such manner and on such basis as
the Trustees in their sole discretion deem fair and equitable. The liabilities,
expenses, costs, charges, and reserves so charged to a Series are herein
referred to as "liabilities held with respect to" that Series. Each allocation
of liabilities, expenses, costs, charges and reserves by the Trustees shall be
conclusive and binding upon the holders of all Series for all purposes. All
Persons who have extended credit which has been allocated to a particular
Series, or who have a claim or contract which has been allocated to any
particular Series, shall look, and shall be required by contract to look
exclusively, to the assets of that particular Series for payment of such credit,
claim, or contract. In the absence of an express contractual agreement so
limiting the claims of such creditor, claimants and contract providers, each
creditor, claimant and contract provider will be deemed nevertheless to have
impliedly agreed to such limitation unless an express provision to the contrary
has been incorporated in the written contract or other document establishing the
claimant relationship.
(c) DIVIDENDS, DISTRIBUTIONS, REDEMPTIONS AND REPURCHASES. Notwithstanding
any other provisions of this Declaration of Trust, including, without
limitation, Article VI, no dividend or distribution including, without
limitation, any distribution paid upon termination of the Trust or of any Series
(or class) with respect to, nor any redemption or repurchase of, the Shares of
any Series (or class) shall be effected by the Trust other than from the assets
held with respect to such Series, nor, except as specifically provided in
Section 7 of this Article III, shall any Shareholder of any particular Series
otherwise have any right or claim against the assets held with respect to any
other Series except to the extent that such Shareholder has such a right or
claim hereunder as a Shareholder of such other Series. The Trustees shall have
full discretion, to the extent not inconsistent with the Investment Company Act,
to determine which items shall be treated as income and which items as capital;
and each such determination and allocation shall be conclusive and binding upon
the Shareholders.
5
<PAGE>
(d) VOTING. All Shares of the Trust entitled to vote on a matter shall vote
separately by Series (and, if applicable, by class): that is, the Shareholders
of each Series (or class) shall have the right to approve or disapprove matters
affecting the Trust and each respective Series (or class) as if the Series (or
classes) were separate companies. There are, however, two exceptions to voting
by separate Series (or classes). First, if the Investment Company Act requires
all Shares of the Trust to be voted in the aggregate without differentiation
between the separate Series (or classes), then all the Trust's Shares shall be
entitled to vote on a one-vote-per-Share basis. Second, if any matter affects
only the interests of some but not all Series (or classes), then only the
Shareholders of such affected Series (or classes) shall be entitled to vote on
the matter.
(e) EQUALITY. All the Shares of each particular Series shall represent an
equal proportionate interest in the assets held with respect to that Series
(subject to the liabilities held with respect to that Series and such rights and
preferences as may have been established and designated with respect to classes
of Shares within such Series), and each Share of any particular Series shall be
equal to each other Share of that Series.
(f) FRACTIONS. Any fractional Share of a Series shall carry proportionately
all the rights and obligations of a whole share of that Series, including rights
with respect to voting, receipt of dividends and distributions, redemption of
Shares and termination of the Trust.
(g) EXCHANGE PRIVILEGE. The Trustees shall have the authority to provide
that the holders of Shares of any Series shall have the right to exchange said
Shares for Shares of one or more other Series of Shares in accordance with such
requirements and procedures as may be established by the Trustees.
(h) COMBINATION OF SERIES. The Trustees shall have the authority, without
the approval of the Shareholders of any Series unless otherwise required by
applicable law, to combine the assets and liabilities held with respect to any
two or more Series into assets and liabilities held with respect to a single
Series.
(i) ELIMINATION OF SERIES. At any time that there are no Shares outstanding
of any particular Series (or class) previously established and designated, the
Trustees may by resolution of a majority of the then Trustees abolish that
Series (or class) and rescind the establishment and designation thereof.
SECTION 7. INDEMNIFICATION OF SHAREHOLDERS. If any Shareholder or former
Shareholder shall be exposed to liability by reason of a claim or demand
relating to his or her being or having been a Shareholder, and not because of
his or her acts or omissions, the Shareholder or former Shareholder (or his or
her heirs, executors, administrators, or other legal representatives or in the
case of a corporation or other entity, its corporate or other general successor)
shall be entitled to be held harmless from and indemnified out of the assets of
the applicable Series of the Trust against all loss and expense arising from
such claim or demand.
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ARTICLE IV
The Board of Trustees
SECTION 1. NUMBER, ELECTION AND TENURE. The number of Trustees constituting
the Board of Trustees shall be fixed from time to time by a written instrument
signed, or by resolution approved at a duly constituted meeting, by a majority
of the Board of Trustees, provided, however, that the number of Trustees shall
in no event be less than one (1) nor more than fifteen (15). The Board of
Trustees, by action of a majority of the then Trustees at a duly constituted
meeting, may fill vacancies in the Board of Trustees or remove Trustees with or
without cause. Each Trustee shall serve during the continued lifetime of the
Trust until he or she dies, resigns, is declared bankrupt or incompetent by a
court of appropriate jurisdiction, or is removed, or, if sooner, until the next
meeting of Shareholders called for the purpose of electing Trustees and until
the election and qualification of his or her successor. Any Trustee may resign
at any time by written instrument signed by him or her and delivered to any
officer of the Trust or to a meeting of the Trustees. Such resignation shall be
effective upon receipt unless specified to be effective at some other time.
Except to the extent expressly provided in a written agreement with the Trust,
no Trustee resigning and no Trustee removed shall have any right to any
compensation for any period following his or her resignation or removal, or any
right to damages on account of such removal. The Shareholders may fix the number
of Trustees and elect Trustees at any meeting of Shareholders called by the
Trustees for that purpose. Any Trustee may be removed at any meeting of
Shareholders by a vote of two-thirds of the outstanding Shares of the Trust. A
meeting of Shareholders for the purpose of electing or removing one or more
Trustees may be called (i) by the Trustees upon their own vote, or (ii) upon the
demand of Shareholders owning 10% or more of the Shares of the Trust in the
aggregate.
SECTION 2. EFFECT OF DEATH, RESIGNATION, ETC. OF A TRUSTEE. The death,
declination, resignation, retirement, removal, or incapacity of one or more
Trustees, or all of them, shall not operate to annul the Trust or to revoke any
existing agency created pursuant to the terms of this Declaration of Trust.
Whenever a vacancy in the Board of Trustees shall occur, until such vacancy is
filled as provided in Article IV, Section 1, the Trustees in office, regardless
of their number, shall have all the powers granted to the Trustees and shall
discharge all the duties imposed upon the Trustees by this Declaration of Trust.
As conclusive evidence of such vacancy, a written instrument certifying the
existence of such vacancy may be executed by an officer of the Trust or by a
majority of the Board of Trustees. In the event of the death, declination,
resignation, retirement, removal, or incapacity of all the then Trustees within
a short period of time and without the opportunity for at least one Trustee
being able to appoint additional Trustees to fill vacancies, the Trust's
Investment Adviser(s) are empowered to appoint new Trustees subject to the
provisions of Section 16(a) of the Investment Company Act.
SECTION 3. POWERS. Subject to the provisions of this Declaration of Trust,
the business of the Trust shall be managed by the Board of Trustees, and such
Board shall have all powers necessary or convenient to carry out that
responsibility, including the power to engage in securities transactions of all
kinds on behalf of the Trust. Without limiting the foregoing, the
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Trustees may: adopt By-Laws not inconsistent with this Declaration of Trust
providing for the regulation and management of the affairs of the Trust and may
amend and repeal them to the extent that such By-Laws do not reserve that right
to the Shareholders; fill vacancies in or remove from their number, and may
elect and remove such officers and appoint and terminate such agents as they
consider appropriate; appoint from their own number and establish and terminate
one or more committees consisting of two or more Trustees, which may exercise
the powers and authority of the Board of Trustees to the extent that the
Trustees determine; employ one or more custodians of the assets of the Trust and
may authorize such custodians to employ subcustodians and to deposit all or any
part of such assets in a system or systems for the central handling of
securities or with a Federal Reserve Bank; retain a transfer agent or a
shareholder servicing agent, or both; provide for the issuance and distribution
of Shares by the Trust directly or through one or more Principal Underwriters or
otherwise; redeem, repurchase and transfer Shares pursuant to applicable law;
set record dates for the determination of Shareholders with respect to various
matters; declare and pay dividends and distributions to Shareholders of each
Series from the assets of such Series; and, in general, delegate such authority
as they consider desirable to any officer of the Trust, to any committee of the
Trustees and to any agent or employee of the Trust or to any such custodian,
transfer or shareholder servicing agent, or Principal Underwriter. Any
determination as to what is in the interests of the Trust made by the Trustees
in good faith shall be conclusive. In construing the provisions of this
Declaration of Trust, the presumption shall be in favor of a grant of power to
the Trustees. Unless otherwise specified or required by law, any action by the
Board of Trustees shall be deemed effective if approved or taken by a majority
of the Trustees then in office.
Without limiting the foregoing, the Trust shall have power and authority:
(a) To invest and reinvest cash, to hold cash uninvested, and to subscribe
for, invest in, reinvest in, purchase or otherwise acquire, own, hold, pledge,
sell, assign, transfer, exchange, distribute, write options on, lend or
otherwise deal in or dispose of contracts for the future acquisition or delivery
of fixed income or other securities, and securities of every nature and kind,
including, without limitation, all types of bonds, debentures, stocks,
negotiable or non-negotiable instruments, obligations, evidences of
indebtedness, certificates of deposit or indebtedness, commercial paper,
repurchase agreements, bankers' acceptances, and other securities of any kind,
issued, created, guaranteed, or sponsored by any and all Persons, including,
without limitation, states, territories, and possessions of the United States
and the District of Columbia and any political subdivision, agency, or
instrumentality thereof, any foreign government or any political subdivision of
the U.S. Government or any foreign government, or any international
instrumentality, or by any bank or savings institution, or by any corporation or
organization organized under the laws of the United States or of any state,
territory, or possession thereof, or by any corporation or organization
organized under any foreign law, or in "when issued" contracts for any such
securities, to change the investments of the assets of the Trust; and to
exercise any and all rights, powers, and privileges of ownership or interest in
respect of any and all such investments of every kind and description,
including, without limitation, the right to consent and otherwise act with
respect thereto, with power to designate one or more Persons, to exercise any of
said rights, powers, and privileges in respect of any of said instruments;
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(b) To sell, exchange, lend, pledge, mortgage, hypothecate, lease, or write
options with respect to or otherwise deal in any property rights relating to any
or all of the assets of the Trust or any Series;
(c) To vote or give assent, or exercise any rights of ownership, with
respect to stock or other securities or property; and to execute and deliver
proxies or powers of attorney to such person or persons as the Trustees shall
deem proper, granting to such person or persons such power and discretion with
relation to securities or property as the Trustees shall deem proper;
(d) To exercise powers and right of subscription or otherwise which in any
manner arise out of ownership of securities;
(e) To hold any security or property in a form not indicating any trust,
whether in bearer, unregistered or other negotiable form, or in its own name or
in the name of a custodian or subcustodian or a nominee or nominees or
otherwise;
(f) To consent to or participate in any plan for the reorganization,
consolidation or merger of any corporation or issuer of any security which is
held in the Trust; to consent to any contract, lease, mortgage, purchase or sale
of property by such corporation or issuer; and to pay calls or subscriptions
with respect to any security held in the Trust;
(g) To join with other security holders in acting through a committee,
depositary, voting trustee or otherwise, and in that connection to deposit any
security with, or transfer any security to, any such committee, depositary or
trustee, and to delegate to them such power and authority with relation to any
security (whether or not so deposited or transferred) as the Trustees shall deem
proper, and to agree to pay, and to pay, such portion of the expenses and
compensation of such committee, depositary or trustee as the Trustees shall deem
proper;
(h) To compromise, arbitrate or otherwise adjust claims in favor of or
against the Trust or any matter in controversy, including but not limited to
claims for taxes;
(i) To enter into joint ventures, general or limited partnerships and any
other combinations or associations;
(j) To borrow funds or other property in the name of the Trust exclusively
for Trust purposes;
(k) To endorse or guarantee the payment of any notes or other obligations
of any Person; to make contracts of guaranty or suretyship, or otherwise assume
liability for payment thereof;
(l) To purchase and pay for entirely out of Trust Property such insurance
as the Trustees may deem necessary or appropriate for the conduct of the
business, including, without
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limitation, insurance policies insuring the assets of the Trust or payment of
distributions and principal on its portfolio investments, and insurance policies
insuring the Shareholders, Trustees, officers, employees, agents, investment
advisers, principal underwriters, or independent contractors of the Trust,
individually against all claims and liabilities of every nature arising by
reason of holding Shares, holding, being or having held any such office or
position, or by reason of any action alleged to have been taken or omitted by
any such Person as Trustee, officer, employee, agent, investment adviser,
principal underwriter, or independent contractor, including any action taken or
omitted that may be determined to constitute negligence, whether or not the
Trust would have the power to indemnify such Person against liability; and
(m) To adopt, establish and carry out pension, profit-sharing, share bonus,
share purchase, savings, thrift and other retirement, incentive and benefit
plans, trusts and provisions including the purchasing of life insurance and
annuity contracts as a means of providing such retirement and other benefits,
for any or all of the Trustees, officers, employees and agents of the Trust.
The Trust shall not be limited to investing in obligations maturing before
the possible termination of the Trust or one or more of its Series. The Trust
shall not in any way be bound or limited by any present or future law or custom
in regard to investment by fiduciaries. The Trust shall not be required to
obtain any court order to deal with any assets of the Trust or take any other
action hereunder.
SECTION 4. PAYMENT OF EXPENSES BY THE TRUST. The Trustees are authorized to
pay or cause to be paid out of the principal or income of the Trust, or partly
out of the principal and partly out of income, as they deem fair, all expenses,
fees, charges, taxes and liabilities incurred or arising in connection with the
Trust, or in connection with the management thereof, including, but not limited
to, the Trustees' compensation and such expenses and charges for the services of
the Trust's officers, employees, investment adviser or manager principal
underwriter, auditors, counsel, custodian, transfer agent, Shareholder servicing
agent, and such other agents or independent contractors and such other expenses
and charges as the Trustees may deem necessary or proper to incur.
SECTION 5. PAYMENT OF EXPENSES BY SHAREHOLDERS. The Trustees shall have the
power, as frequently as they may determine, to cause each Shareholder, or each
Shareholder of any particular Series, to pay directly, in advance or arrears,,
for charges of the Trust's custodian or transfer, Shareholder servicing or
similar agent, an amount fixed from time to time by the Trustees, by setting off
such charges due from such Shareholder from declared but unpaid dividends owed
such Shareholder and/or by reducing the number of shares in the account of such
Shareholder by that number of full and/or fractional Shares which represents the
outstanding amount of such charges due from such Shareholder.
SECTION 6. OWNERSHIP OF ASSETS OF THE TRUST. Title to all of the assets of
the Trust shall at all times be considered as vested in the Trust, except that
the Trustees shall have power to
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cause legal title to any Trust Property to be held by or in the name of one or
more of the Trustees, or in the name of the Trust, or in the name of any other
Person as nominee, on such terms as the Trustees may determine. The right, title
and interest of the Trustees in the Trust Property shall vest automatically in
each Person who may hereafter become a Trustee. Upon the resignation, removal or
death of a Trustee, he or she shall automatically cease to have any right, title
or interest in any of the Trust Property, and the right, title and interest of
such Trustee in the Trust Property shall vest automatically in the remaining
Trustees. Such vesting and cessation of title shall be effective whether or not
conveyancing documents has been executed and delivered.
SECTION 7. SERVICE CONTRACTS.
(a) Subject to such requirements and restrictions as may be set forth in
the ByLaws, the Trustees may, at any time and from time to time, contract for
exclusive or nonexclusive advisory, management and/or administrative services
for the Trust or for any Series with any corporation, trust, association or
other organization; and any such contract may contain such other terms as the
Trustees may determine, including without limitation, authority for the
Investment Adviser or administrator to determine from time to time without prior
consultation with the Trustees what investments shall be purchased, held, sold
or exchanged and what portion, if any, of the assets of the Trust shall be held
uninvested and to make changes in the Trust's investments, or such other
activities as may specifically be delegated to such party.
(b) The Trustees may also, at any time and from time to time, contract with
any corporation, trust, association or other organization, appointing it
exclusive or nonexclusive distributor or Principal Underwriter for the Shares of
one or more of the Series (or classes) or other securities to be issued by the
Trust. Every such contract shall comply with such requirements and restrictions
as may be set forth in the By-Laws; and any such contract may contain such other
terms as the Trustees may determine.
(c) The Trustees are also empowered, at any time and from time to time, to
contract with any corporations, trusts, associations or other organizations,
appointing it or them the custodian, transfer agent and/or shareholder servicing
agent for the Trust or one or more of its Series. Every such contract shall
comply with such requirements and restrictions as may be set forth in the
By-Laws or stipulated by resolution of the Trustees.
(d) The Trustees are further empowered, at any time and from time to time,
to contract with any entity to provide such other services to the Trust or one
or more of the Series, as the Trustees determine to be in the best interests of
the Trust and the applicable Series.
(e) The fact that:
(i) any of the Shareholders, Trustees, or officers of the Trust is a
shareholder, director, officer, partner, trustee, employee, investment
adviser, manager, principal underwriter, distributor, or affiliate or agent
of or for any
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corporation, trust, association, or other organization, or for any parent
or affiliate of any organization with which an advisory, management or
administration contract, or principal underwriter's or distributor's
contract, or transfer, shareholder servicing or other type of service
contract may have been or may hereafter be made, or that any such
organization, or any parent or affiliate thereof, is a Shareholder or has
an interest in the Trust, or
(ii) any corporation, trust, association or other organization with
which an advisory, management or administration contract or principal
underwriter's or distributor's contract, or transfer, shareholder servicing
or other type of service contract may have been or may hereafter be made
also has an advisory, management or administration contract, or principal
underwriter's or distributor's contract, or transfer, shareholder servicing
or other service contract with one or more other corporations, trusts,
associations, or other organizations, or has other business or interests,
shall not affect the validity of any such contract or disqualify any
Shareholder, Trustee or officer of the Trust from voting upon or executing the
same, or create any liability or accountability to the Trust or its
Shareholders, provided approval of each such contract is made pursuant to the
requirements of the Investment Company Act.
ARTICLE V
Shareholders' Voting Powers and Meetings
SECTION 1. VOTING POWERS. Subject to the provisions of Article III, Section
6(d), the Shareholders shall have power to vote only (i) for the election or
removal of Trustees as provided in Article IV, Section 1, and (ii) with respect
to such additional matters relating to the Trust as may be required by this
Declaration of Trust, the By-Laws or any registration of the Trust with the
Commission (or any successor agency) or any state, or as the Trustees may
consider necessary or desirable. As appropriate, voting may be by Series (or
class). Each whole Share shall be entitled to one vote as to any matter on which
it is entitled to vote and each fractional Share shall be entitled to a
proportionate fractional vote. There shall be no cumulative voting in the
election of Trustees. Shares may be voted in person or by proxy. A proxy with
respect to Shares held in the name of two or more persons shall be valid if
executed by any one of them unless at or prior to exercise of the proxy the
Trust receives a specific written notice to the contrary from any one of them. A
proxy purporting to be executed by or on behalf of a Shareholder shall be deemed
valid unless challenged at or prior to its exercise and the burden or proving
invalidity shall rest on the challenger.
SECTION 2. VOTING POWER AND MEETINGS. Meetings of the Shareholders may be
called by the Trustees for the purpose of electing Trustees as provided in
Article IV, Section 1 and for such other purposes as may be prescribed by law,
by this Declaration of Trust or by the By-Laws. Meetings of the Shareholders may
also be called by the Trustees from time to time for the purpose
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of taking action upon any other matter deemed by the Trustees to be necessary or
desirable. A meeting of Shareholders may be held at any place designated by the
Trustees. Written notice of any meeting of Shareholders shall be given or caused
to be given by the Trustees by mailing such notice at least seven (7) days
before such meeting, postage prepaid, stating the time and place of the meeting,
to each Shareholder at the Shareholder's address as it appears on the records of
the Trust. Whenever notice of a meeting is required to be given to a Shareholder
under this Declaration of Trust or the By-Laws, a written waiver thereof,
executed before or after the meeting by such Shareholder or his or her attorney
thereunto authorized and filed with the records of the meeting, shall be deemed
equivalent to such notice.
SECTION 3. QUORUM AND REQUIRED VOTE. Except when a larger quorum is
required by applicable law, by the By-Laws or by this Declaration of Trust,
forty percent (40%) of the Shares entitled to vote shall constitute a quorum at
a Shareholders' meeting. When any one or more Series (or classes) is to vote as
a single class separate from any other Shares, forty percent (40%) of the Shares
of each such Series (or classes) entitled to vote shall constitute a quorum at a
Shareholder's meeting of that Series. Any meeting of Shareholders may be
adjourned from time to time by a majority of the votes properly cast upon the
question of adjourning a meeting to another date and time, whether or not a
quorum is present, and the meeting may be held as adjourned within a reasonable
time after the date set for the original meeting without further notice. Subject
to the provisions of Article III, Section 6(d), when a quorum is present at any
meeting, a majority of the Shares voted shall decide any questions and a
plurality shall elect a Trustee, except when a larger voted is required by any
provision of this Declaration of Trust or the By-Laws or by applicable law.
SECTION 4. ACTION BY WRITTEN CONSENT. Any action taken by
shareholders may be taken without a meeting if Shareholders holding a majority
of the Shares entitled to vote on the matter (or such larger proportion thereof
as shall be required by any express provision of this Declaration of Trust or by
the By-Laws or by applicable law) and holding a majority (or such larger
proportion as aforesaid) of the Shares of any Series (or class) entitled to vote
separately on the matter consent to the action in writing and such written
consents are filed with the records of the meetings of Shareholders. Such
consent shall be treated for all purposes as a vote taken at a meeting of
Shareholders.
SECTION 5. RECORD DATES. For the purpose of determining the Shareholders of
any Series (or class) who are entitled to vote or act at any meeting or any
adjournment thereof, the Trustees may from time to time fix a time, which shall
be not more than ninety (90) days before the date of any meeting of Shareholders
of such Series (or class) having the right to notice of a vote at such meeting
and any adjournment thereof, and in such case only Shareholders of record on
such record date shall have such right, notwithstanding any transfer of shares
on the books of the Trust after the record date. For the purpose of determining
the Shareholders of any Series (or class) who are entitled to receive payment of
any dividend or of any other distribution, the Trustees may from time to time
fix a date, which shall be before the date for the payment of such dividend or
such other payment, as the record date for determining the Shareholders of such
Series (or class) having the right to receive such dividend or distribution.
Without fixing a record date the Trustees may for
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voting and/or distribution purposes close the register or transfer books for one
or more Series for all or any part of the period between a record date and a
meeting of Shareholders or the payment of a distribution. Nothing in this
Section shall be construed as precluding the Trustees from setting different
record dates for different Series (or classes).
SECTION 6. ADDITIONAL PROVISIONS. The By-Laws may include further
provisions for Shareholders' votes and meetings and related matters.
ARTICLE VI
Net Asset Value, Distributions and Redemptions
SECTION 1. DETERMINATION OF NET ASSET VALUE, NET INCOME AND DISTRIBUTIONS.
Subject to Article III, Section 6 hereof, the Trustees, in their absolute
discretion, may prescribe and shall set forth in the By-laws or in a duly
adopted vote of the Trustees such bases and time for determining the per-Share
net asset value of the Shares of any Series or net income attributable to the
Shares of any Series, or the declaration and payment of dividends and
distributions on the Shares of any Series, as they may deem necessary or
desirable.
SECTION 2. REDEMPTION AND REPURCHASES. The Trust shall purchase such Shares
as are offered by any Shareholder for redemption, upon the presentation of a
proper instrument of transfer together with a request directed to the Trust or a
Person designated by the Trust that the Trust purchase such Shares or in
accordance with such other procedures for redemption as the Trustees may from
time to time authorize; and the Trust will pay therefor the net asset value
thereof, in accordance with the By-Laws and applicable law. Payment for said
Shares shall be made by the Trust to the Shareholder within seven days after the
date on which the request is made in proper form. The obligation set forth in
this Section 2 is subject to the provision that in the event that any time the
New York Stock Exchange (the "Exchange") is closed for other than weekends or
holidays, or if permitted by the Rules of the Commission during periods when
trading on the Exchange is restricted or during any emergency which makes it
impracticable for the Trust to dispose of the investments of the applicable
Series or to determine fairly the value of the net assets held with respect to
such Series or during any other period permitted by order of the Commission for
the protection of investors, such obligations may be suspended or postponed by
the Trustees.
The redemption price may in any case or cases be paid wholly or partly in
kind if the Trustees determine that such payment is advisable in the interest of
the remaining Shareholders of the Series for which the Shares are being
redeemed. Subject to the foregoing, the fair value, selection and quantity of
securities or other property so paid or delivered as all or part of the
redemption price may be determined by or under authority of the Trustees. In no
case shall the Trust be liable for any delay of any corporation or other Person
in transferring securities selected for delivery as all or part of any payment
in kind.
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SECTION 3. REDEMPTIONS AT THE OPTION OF THE TRUST. The Trust shall have the
right, at its option and at any time, to redeem Shares of any Shareholder at the
net asset value thereof as described in Section 1 of this Article VI: (i) if at
such time such Shareholder owns Shares of any Series having an aggregate net
asset value of less than an amount determined from time to time by the Trustees
prior to the acquisition of said Shares; or (ii) to the extent that such
Shareholder owns Shares of a particular Series equal to or in excess of a
percentage of the outstanding Shares of that Series determined from time to time
by the Trustees; or (iii) to the extent that such Shareholder owns Shares equal
to or in excess of a percentage, determined from time to time by the Trustees,
of the outstanding Shares of the Trust or of any Series.
ARTICLE VII
Compensation and Limitation of Liability of Trustees
SECTION 1. COMPENSATION. The Trustees as such shall be entitled to
reasonable compensation from the Trust, and they may fix the amount of such
compensation. Nothing herein shall in any way prevent the employment of any
Trustee for advisory, management, legal, accounting, investment banking or other
services and payment for the same by the Trust.
SECTION 2. INDEMNIFICATION AND LIMITATION OF LIABILITY. The Trustees shall
not be responsible or liable in any event for any neglect or wrong-doing of any
officer, agent, employee, Investment Adviser or principal underwriter of the
Trust, nor shall any Trustee be responsible for the act or omission of any other
Trustee, and the Trust out of its assets shall indemnify and hold harmless each
and every Trustee from and against any and all claims and demands whatsoever
arising out of or related to each Trustee's performance of his or her duties as
a Trustee of the Trust; provided that nothing herein contained shall indemnify,
hold harmless or protect any Trustee from or against any liability to the Trust
or any Shareholder to which he or she would otherwise be subject by reason of
wilful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the
duties involved in the conduct of his or her office.
Every note, bond, contract, instrument, certificate or undertaking and
every other act or thing whatsoever issued, executed or done by or on behalf of
the Trust or the Trustees or any of them in connection with the Trust shall be
conclusively deemed to have been issued, executed or done only in or with
respect to their or his or her capacity as Trustees or Trustee, and such
Trustees or Trustee shall not be personally liable thereon.
SECTION 3. TRUSTEE'S GOOD FAITH ACTION, EXPERT ADVICE, NO BOND OR SURETY.
The exercise by the Trustees of their powers and discretion hereunder shall be
binding upon everyone interested. A Trustee shall be liable to the Trust and to
any Shareholder solely for his or her own wilful misfeasance, bad faith, gross
negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of the
office of Trustee, and shall not be liable for errors of judgment or mistakes of
fact or law. The Trustees may take advice of counsel or other experts with
respect to the meaning and operation of this Declaration of Trust, and shall be
under no liability for any act or omission in
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accordance with such advice nor for failing to follow such advice. The Trustees
shall not be required to give any bond as such, nor any surety if a bond is
required.
SECTION 4. INSURANCE. The Trustees shall be entitled and empowered to the
fullest extent permitted by law to purchase with Trust assets insurance for
liability and for all expenses reasonably incurred or paid or expected to be
paid by a Trustee or officer in connection with any claim, action, suit or
proceeding in which he or she becomes involved by virtue of his or her capacity
or former capacity with the Trust.
ARTICLE VIII
Miscellaneous
SECTION 1. LIABILITY OF THIRD PERSONS DEALING WITH TRUSTEES. No Person
dealing with the Trustees shall be bound to make any inquiry concerning the
validity of any transaction made or to be made by the Trustees or to see to the
application of any payments made or property transferred to the Trust or upon
its order.
SECTION 2. TERMINATION OF TRUST OR SERIES. Unless terminated as provided
herein, the Trust shall continue without limitation of time. The Trust may be
terminated at any time by vote of a majority of the Shares of each Series
entitled to vote, voting separately by Series, or by the Trustees by written
notice to the Shareholders. Any Series may be terminated at any time by vote of
a majority of the Shares of that Series or by the Trustees by written notice to
the Shareholders of that Series.
Upon termination of the Trust (or any Series, as the case may be), after
paying or otherwise providing for all charges, taxes, expenses and liabilities
held, severally, with respect to each Series (or the applicable Series, as the
case may be), whether due or accrued or anticipated as may be determined by the
Trustees, the Trust shall, in accordance with such procedures as the Trustees
consider appropriate, reduce the remaining assets held, severally, with respect
to each Series (or the applicable Series, as the case may be), to distributable
form in cash or shares or other securities, or any combination thereof, and
distribute the proceeds held with respect to each Series (or the applicable
Series, as the case may be), to the Shareholders of that Series, as a Series,
ratably according to the number of Shares of that Series held by the several
Shareholders on the date of termination.
SECTION 3. MERGER AND CONSOLIDATION. The Trustees may cause (i) the Trust
or one or more of its Series to the extent consistent with applicable law to be
merged into or consolidated with another trust or company, (ii) the Shares of
the Trust or any Series to be converted into beneficial interests in another
business trust (or series thereof) created pursuant to this Section 3 of Article
VIII, or (iii) the Shares to be exchanged under or pursuant to any state or
federal statute to the extent permitted by law. Such merger or consolidation,
Share conversion or Share exchange must be authorized by vote of a majority of
the outstanding Shares of the Trust, as a whole, or any
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<PAGE>
affected Series, as may be applicable; provided that in all respects not
governed by statute or applicable law, the Trustees shall have the power to
prescribe the procedure necessary or appropriate to accomplish a sale of assets,
merger or consolidation including the power to create one or more separate
business trusts to which all or any part of the assets, liabilities, profits or
losses of the Trust may be transferred and to provide for the conversion of
Shares of the Trust or any Series into beneficial interests in such separate
business trust or trusts (or series thereof).
SECTION 4. AMENDMENTS. This Declaration of Trust may be restated and/or
amended at any time by an instrument in writing signed by a majority of the then
Trustees and, if required, by approval of such amendment by Shareholders in
accordance with Article V, Section 3 hereof. Any such restatement and/or
amendment hereto shall be effective immediately upon execution and approval. The
Certificate of Trust of the Trust may be restated and/or amended by a similar
procedure, and any such restatement and/or amendment shall be effective
immediately upon filing with the Office of the Secretary of State of the State
of Delaware or upon such future date as may be stated therein.
SECTION 5. FILING OF COPIES, REFERENCES, HEADINGS. The original or a copy
of this instrument and of each restatement and/or amendment hereto shall be kept
at the office of the Trust where it may be inspected by any Shareholder. Anyone
dealing with the Trust may rely on a certificate by an officer of the Trust as
to whether or not any such restatements and/or amendments have been made and as
to any matters in connection with the Trust hereunder; and, with the same effect
as if it were the original, may rely on a copy certified by an officer of the
Trust to be a copy of this instrument or of any such restatements and/or
amendments. In this instrument and in any such restatements and/or amendment,
references to this instrument, and all expressions like "herein," "hereof" and
"hereunder," shall be deemed to refer to this instrument as amended or affected
by any such restatements and/or amendments. Headings are placed herein for
convenience of reference only and shall not be taken as a part hereof or control
or affect the meaning, construction or effect of this instrument. Whenever the
singular number is used herein, the same shall include the plural; and the
neuter, masculine and feminine genders shall include each other, as applicable.
This instrument may be executed in any number of counterparts each of which
shall be deemed an original.
SECTION 6. APPLICABLE LAW. This Agreement and Declaration of Trust is
created under and is to be governed by and construed and administered according
to the laws of the State of Delaware and the Delaware Business Trust Act, as
amended from time to time (the "Act"). The Trust shall be a Delaware business
trust pursuant to such Act, and without limiting the provisions hereof, the
Trust may exercise all powers which are ordinarily exercised by such a business
trust.
SECTION 7. PROVISIONS IN CONFLICT WITH LAW OR REGULATIONS.
(a) The provisions of the Declaration of Trust are severable, and if the
Trustees shall determine, with the advice of counsel, that any of such
provisions is in conflict with the Investment Company Act, the regulated
investment company provisions of the Internal Revenue Code or with other
applicable laws and regulations, the conflicting provision shall be deemed never
17
<PAGE>
to have constituted a part of the Declaration of Trust; provided, however, that
such determination shall not affect any of the remaining provisions of the
Declaration of Trust or render invalid or improper any action taken or omitted
prior to such determination.
(b) If any provision of the Declaration of Trust shall be held invalid or
unenforceable in any jurisdiction, such invalidity or unenforceability shall
attach only to such provision in such jurisdiction and shall not in any manner
affect such provision in any other jurisdiction or any other provision of the
Declaration of Trust in any jurisdiction.
SECTION 8. BUSINESS TRUST ONLY. It is the intention of the Trustees to
create a business trust pursuant to the Delaware Business Trust Act, as amended
from time to time (the "Act"), and thereby to create only the relationship of
trustee and beneficial owners within the meaning of such Act between the
Trustees and each Shareholder. It is not the intention of the Trustees to create
a general partnership, limited partnership, joint stock association,
corporation, bailment, or any form of legal relationship other than a business
trust pursuant to such Act. Nothing in this Declaration of Trust shall be
construed to make the Shareholders, either by themselves or with the Trustees,
partners or members of a joint stock association.
[REMAINDER OF PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK]
18
<PAGE>
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Trustees named below do hereby make and enter into
this Declaration of Trust as of the 25th day of October, 1993.
/s/ Deborah Midanek
- ---------------------------------------
Deborah Hicks Midanek
Principal Executive Officer and Trustee
/s/ Claire Davis
- ---------------------------------------
Claire H. Davis
Trustee
THE PRINCIPAL PLACE OF BUSINESS OF THE TRUST IF 237 PARK AVENUE, SUITE 2100,
NEW YORK, NEW YORK 10017
19
CERTIFICATE OF AMENDMENT
OF
AGREEMENT AND DECLARATION OF TRUST
OF
CORONA INVESTMENT TRUST
Deborah Hicks Midanek and Claire H. Davis certify that:
1. They constitute a majority of the Trustees of CORONA INVESTMENT TRUST, a
business trust (hereafter called the "Business Trust"), filed under and in
accordance with the provisions of the Delaware Business Trust Act (12 Del.
C. ss.ss.3801 et seq.).
2. They hereby adopt the following amendments to the Agreement and Declaration
of Trust:
ARTICLE I, Section 1 is amended to read as follows:
"The Trust shall be known as THE SOLON FUNDS, and the Trustees
shall conduct the business of the Trust under that name or any
other name as they shall from time to time determine."
ARTICLE 8, Section 9 shall be inserted and shall read as follows:
"USE OF THE IDENTIFYING WORDS "SOLON" AND "THE SOLON FUNDS."
The identifying words "Solon" and "The Solon Funds" and all
rights to the use of such words belong to Solon Asset
Management Corporation, the proposed Subadviser of the Trust's
assets. Solon Asset Management Corporation has licensed the
Trust to use the identifying words "The Solon Funds" in the
Trust's name and to use of the identifying word "Solon" in the
name of any series of the Trust. In the event that Solon Asset
Management Corporation or an affiliate of Solon Asset
Management Corporation is not appointed or ceases to be the
Subadviser of the Trust, the non-exclusive license may be
revoked by Solon Asset Management Corporation, and the Trust
and any series thereof shall respectively cease using the
identifying words "The Solon Funds" and "Solon", unless
otherwise consented to by Solon Asset Management Corporation
or any successor to Solon Asset Management Corporation's
interest."
<PAGE>
We further declare under penalty of perjury under the laws of the State of
Delaware that the matters set forth in this certificate are true and correct of
our own knowledge.
Date: December 11, 1993
/s/ Deborah Midanek
--------------------------------
Deborah Hicks Midanek, Trustee
/s/ Claire Davis
--------------------------------
Claire H. Davis, Trustee
CERTIFICATE OF AMENDMENT
OF
AGREEMENT AND DECLARATION OF TRUST
OF
THE SOLON FUNDS
The undersigned, being all of the Trustees of The Solon Funds, a Delaware
Business Trust (the "Business Trust") certify that:
1. They constitute a majority of the Trustees of the Business Trust filed
under and in accordance with the provisions of the Delaware Business Trust Act
(12 Del. C. Section 3801 ET SEQ.).
2. They hereby adopt the following amendments to the Agreement and
Declaration of Trust:
ARTICLE VIII, Section 4 is amended to read in its entirety as follows:
"Section 4. Amendments. This Declaration of Trust may be restated
and/or amended at any time by an instrument in writing signed by a majority
of the then Trustees and, if required, by approval of such amendment by
Shareholders in accordance with Article V, Section 3 hereof. Any such
restatement and/or amendment hereto shall be effective immediately upon
execution and approval. The Certificate of Trust of the Trust may be
restated and/or amended by a similar procedure, and any such restatement
and/or amendment shall be effective immediately upon filing with the Office
of the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware or upon such future date
as may be stated therein. Notwithstanding any other provision of this
Declaration of Trust, the Trust's Bylaws or the Certificate of Trust of the
Trust, no approval of any restatement and/or amendment to this Declaration
of Trust, the Trust's Bylaws or the Certificate of Trust by Shareholders
shall be required for any restatement and/or amendment made by a majority
of the then Trustees to effect ministerial or correcting changes to this
Declaration of Trust, the Bylaws or the Certificate of Trust."
<PAGE>
We further declare under penalty of perjury under the laws of the State of
Delaware that the matters set forth in this certificate are true and correct of
our own knowledge.
Date: June 13, 1994
/s/ Deborah Midanek
--------------------------------
Deborah Hicks Midanek, Trustee
/s/ Roy W. Adams
--------------------------------
Roy W. Adams
/s/ Ronald W. Filante
--------------------------------
Ronald W. Filante
/s/ Katherine R. Griswold
--------------------------------
Katherine R. Griswold
/s/ Sarah E.G. Smith
--------------------------------
Sarah E.G. Smith
AMENDED AND RESTATED
AGREEMENT AND DECLARATION OF TRUST
OF
TIP INSTITUTIONAL FUNDS
A DELAWARE BUSINESS TRUST
PRINCIPAL PLACE OF BUSINESS:
1235 WESTLAKES DRIVE, SUITE 350
BERWYN, PENNSYLVANIA 19312
<PAGE>
AMENDED AND RESTATED
AGREEMENT AND DECLARATION OF TRUST
OF
TIP INSTITUTIONAL FUNDS
WHEREAS, THIS AMENDED AND RESTATED AGREEMENT AND DECLARATION OF TRUST is
made and entered into as of the date set forth below by the Trustees named
hereunder for the purpose of forming a Delaware business trust in accordance
with the provisions hereinafter set forth,
WHEREAS, A DECLARATION OF TRUST was originally filed under the name "Corona
Investment Trust" on October 27, 1993, and
WHEREAS, THE TRUST HAS AS ITS REGISTERED AGENT IN THE STATE OF DELAWARE,
Corporation Service Company, 1013 Centre Road, Wilmington, Delaware 19805, New
Castle County (telephone number (302) 636-5450), and
NOW, THEREFORE, the Trustees hereby direct that this Amended and Restated
Declaration of Trust be filed with Office of the Secretary of State of the State
of Delaware and do hereby declare that the Trustees will hold IN TRUST all cash,
securities and other assets which the Trust now possesses or may hereafter
acquire from time to time in any manner and manage and dispose of the same upon
the following terms and conditions for the pro rata benefit of the holders of
Shares in this Trust.
ARTICLE I
Name and Definitions
SECTION 1. NAME. The Trust shall be known as the TIP Institutional Funds,
and the Trustees shall conduct the business of the Trust under that name or any
other name as they shall from time to time determine.
SECTION 2. DEFINITIONS. Whenever used herein, unless otherwise required by
the context or specifically provided:
(a) The "Trust" refers to the Delaware business trust established by this
Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust, as amended from time to
time;
2
<PAGE>
(b) The "Trust Property" means any and all property, real or personal,
tangible or intangible, which is owned or held by or for the account of the
Trust, including without limitation the rights referenced in Article III,
Section 6 hereof;
(c) "Trustees" refers to the persons who have signed this Amended and
Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust, so long as they continue in office
in accordance with the terms hereof, and all other persons who may from time to
time be duly elected or appointed to serve on the Board of Trustees in
accordance with the provisions hereof, and reference herein to a Trustee or the
Trustees shall refer to such person or persons in their capacity as trustees
hereunder;
(d) "Shares" means the shares of beneficial interest into which the
beneficial interest in the Trust shall be divided from time to time and includes
fractions of Shares as well as whole Shares;
(e) "Shareholder" means a record owner of outstanding Shares;
(f) "Person" means and includes individuals, corporations, partnerships,
trusts, associations, joint ventures, estates and other entities, whether or not
legal entities, and governments and agencies and political subdivisions thereof,
whether domestic or foreign;
(g) The "Investment Company Act" refers to the Investment Company Act of
1940 and the Rules and Regulations thereunder, all as amended from time to time;
(h) The terms "Commission" and "Principal Underwriter" shall have the
meanings given them in the Investment Company Act;
(i) "Declaration of Trust" shall mean this Amended and Restated Agreement
and Declaration of Trust, as further amended or restated from time to time,
provided that reference made in this Declaration of Trust to "hereby," "hereof,"
"herein," "hereunder" or similar terms shall be deemed to refer to this
Declaration of Trust rather than the Article or Section in which such words
appear, unless the context otherwise requires;
(j) "By-Laws" shall mean the By-Laws of the Trust as amended from time to
time and incorporated herein by reference;
(k) The term "Interested Person" has the meaning given it in Section
2(a)(19) of the Investment Company Act;
(l) "Investment Adviser" or "Manager" means a party furnishing services to
the Trust pursuant to any contract described in Article IV, Section 7(a) hereof;
and
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<PAGE>
(m) "Series" refers to each Series of Shares established and designated
under or in accordance with the provisions of Article III.
ARTICLE II
Purpose of Trust
The purpose of the Trust is to conduct, operate and carry on the business
of a management investment company registered under the Investment Company Act
through one or more Series investing primarily in securities.
ARTICLE III
Shares
SECTION 1. DIVISION OF BENEFICIAL INTEREST. The beneficial interest in the
Trust shall at all times be divided into an unlimited number of Shares, with a
par value of $.01 per Share. The Trustees may authorize the division of Shares
into separate Series and the division of Series into separate classes of Shares.
The different Series shall be established and designated, and the variations in
the relative rights and preferences as between the different Series shall be
fixed and determined, by the Trustees. If only one or no Series (or classes)
shall be established, the Shares shall have the rights and preferences provided
for herein and in Article III, Section 6 hereof to the extent relevant and not
otherwise provided for herein, and all references to Series (and classes) shall
be construed (as the context may require) to refer to the Trust.
Subject to the provisions of Section 6 of this Article III, each Share
shall have voting rights as provided in Article V hereof, and holders of the
Shares of any Series shall be entitled to receive dividends when, if and as
declared with respect thereto in the manner provided in Article VI, Section 1
hereof. No Shares shall have any priority or preference over any other Share of
the same Series with respect to dividends or distributions upon termination of
the Trust or of such Series made pursuant to Article VIII, Section 2 hereof. All
dividends and distributions shall be made ratably among all Shareholders of a
particular class of a particular Series and, if no classes, of a particular
Series from the assets held with respect to such Series according to the number
of Shares of such class of such Series or of such Series held of record by such
Shareholder on the record date for any dividend or distribution or on the date
of termination, as the case may be. Shareholders shall have no preemptive or
other right to subscribe to any additional Shares or other securities issued by
the Trust or any Series. The Trustees may from time to time divide or
4
<PAGE>
combine the Shares of any particular Series into a greater or lesser number of
Shares of that Series without thereby materially changing the proportionate
beneficial interest of the Shares of that Series in the assets held with respect
to that Series or materially affecting the rights of Shares of any other Series.
SECTION 2. OWNERSHIP OF SHARES. The ownership of Shares shall be recorded
on the books of the Trust or a transfer or similar agent for the Trust, which
books shall be maintained separately for the Shares of each Series (or class of
each Series). No certificates certifying the ownership of Shares shall be issued
except as the Board of Trustees may otherwise determine from time to time. The
Trustees may make such rules as they consider appropriate for the transfer of
Shares of each Series (or class of each Series) and similar matters. The record
books of the Trust as kept by the Trust or any transfer or similar agent, as the
case may be, shall be conclusive as to the identity of the Shareholders of each
Series (or class of each Series) and as to the number of Shares of each Series
(or class) held from time to time by each.
SECTION 3. INVESTMENTS IN THE TRUST. Investments may be accepted by the
Trust from such Persons, at such times, on such terms, and for such
consideration as the Trustees from time to time may authorize.
SECTION 4. STATUS OF SHARES AND LIMITATION OF PERSONAL LIABILITY. Shares
shall be deemed to be personal property giving only the rights provided in this
instrument. Every Shareholder, by virtue of having become a Shareholder, shall
be held to have expressly assented and agreed to the terms hereof and to have
become a party hereto. The death of a Shareholder during the existence of the
Trust shall not operate to terminate the Trust, nor entitle the representative
of any deceased Shareholder to an accounting or to take any action in court or
elsewhere against the Trust or the Trustees, but entitles such representative
only to the rights of said deceased Shareholder under this Trust. Ownership of
Shares shall not entitle the Shareholder to any title in or to the whole or any
part of the Trust Property or right to call for a partition or division of the
same or for an accounting, nor shall the ownership of Shares constitute the
Shareholders as partners. Neither the Trust nor the Trustees, nor any officer,
employee or agent of the Trust shall have any power to bind personally any
Shareholder, nor, except as specifically provided herein, to call upon any
Shareholder for the payment of any sum of money or assessment whatsoever other
than such as the Shareholder may at any time personally agree to pay.
SECTION 5. POWER OF BOARD OF TRUSTEES TO CHANGE PROVISIONS RELATING TO
SHARES. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Declaration of Trust and
without limiting the power of the Board of Trustees to amend the Declaration of
Trust as provided elsewhere herein, the Board of Trustees shall have the power
to amend this Declaration of Trust, at any time and from time to time, in such
manner as the Board of Trustees may determine in their sole discretion, without
the need for Shareholder action, so as to add to, delete, replace or otherwise
modify any provisions relating to the Shares contained in this Declaration of
Trust, provided that before adopting any such amendment without Shareholder
approval the Board of Trustees shall
5
<PAGE>
determine that it is consistent with the fair and equitable treatment of all
Shareholders or that Shareholder approval is not otherwise required by the
Investment Company Act or other applicable law. If Shares have been issued,
Shareholder approval shall be required to adopt any amendments to this
Declaration of Trust that would adversely affect to a material degree the rights
and preferences of the Shares of any Series (or class of any Series) or to
increase or decrease the par value of the Shares of any Series (or class of any
Series).
Subject to the foregoing Paragraph, the Board of Trustees may amend the
Declaration of Trust to amend any of the provisions set forth in paragraphs (a)
through (i) of Section 6 of this Article III.
SECTION 6. ESTABLISHMENT AND DESIGNATION OF SERIES. The establishment and
designation of any Series (or class) of Shares shall be effective upon the
resolution by a majority of the then Trustees, adopting a resolution that sets
forth such establishment and designation and the relative rights and preferences
of such Series (or class). Each such resolution shall be incorporated herein by
reference upon adoption.
Shares of each Series (or class) established pursuant to this Section 6,
unless otherwise provided in the resolution establishing such Series, shall have
the following relative rights and preferences:
(a) ASSETS HELD WITH RESPECT TO A PARTICULAR SERIES. All consideration
received by the Trust for the issue or sale of Shares of a particular Series,
together with all assets in which such consideration is invested or reinvested,
all income, earnings, profits, and proceeds thereof from whatever source
derived, including, without limitation, any proceeds derived from the sale,
exchange or liquidation of such assets, and any funds or payments derived from
any reinvestment of such proceeds in whatever form the same may be, shall
irrevocably be held with respect to that Series for all purposes, subject only
to the rights of creditors, and shall be so recorded upon the books of account
of the Trust. Such consideration, assets, income, earnings, profits and proceeds
thereof, from whatever source derived, including, without limitation, any
proceeds derived from the sale, exchange or liquidation of such assets, and any
funds or payments derived from any reinvestment of such proceeds, in whatever
form the same may be, are herein referred to as "assets held with respect to"
that Series. In the event that there are any assets, income, earnings, profits
and proceeds thereof, funds or payments which are not readily identifiable as
assets held with respect to any particular Series (collectively "General
Assets"), the Trustees shall allocate such General Assets to, between or among
any one or more of the Series in such manner and on such basis as the Trustees,
in their sole discretion, deem fair and equitable, and any General Asset so
allocated to a particular Series shall be held with respect to that Series. Each
such allocation by the Trustees shall be conclusive and binding upon the
Shareholders of all Series for all purposes.
(b) LIABILITIES HELD WITH RESPECT TO A PARTICULAR SERIES. The assets of the
Trust held with respect to each particular Series shall be charged against the
liabilities of the
6
<PAGE>
Trust held with respect to that Series and all expenses, costs, charges and
reserves attributable to that Series, and any general liabilities of the Trust
which are not readily identifiable as being held with respect to any particular
Series shall be allocated and charged by the Trustees to and among any one or
more of the Series in such a manner and on such a basis as the Trustees in their
sole discretion deem fair and equitable. The liabilities, expenses, costs,
charges, and reserves so charged to a Series are herein referred to as
"liabilities held with respect to" that Series. Each allocation of liabilities,
expenses, costs, charges and reserves by the Trustees shall be conclusive and
binding upon the holders of all Series for all purposes. All Persons who have
extended credit which has been allocated to a particular Series, or who have a
claim or contract which has been allocated to any particular Series, shall look,
and shall be required by contract to look exclusively, to the assets of that
particular Series for payment of such credit, claim, or contract. In the absence
of an express contractual agreement so limiting the claims of such creditors,
claimants and contract providers, each creditor, claimant and contract provider
will be deemed nevertheless to have impliedly agreed to such limitation unless
an express provision to the contrary has been incorporated in the written
contract or other document establishing the claimant relationship.
(c) DIVIDENDS, DISTRIBUTIONS, REDEMPTIONS AND REPURCHASES. Notwithstanding
any other provisions of this Declaration of Trust, including, without
limitation, Article VI, no dividend or distribution including, without
limitation, any distribution paid upon termination of the Trust or of any Series
(or class) with respect to, nor any redemption or repurchase of, the Shares of
any Series (or class) shall be effected by the Trust other than from the assets
held with respect to such Series, nor, except as specifically provided in
Section 7 of this Article III, shall any Shareholder of any particular Series
otherwise have any right or claim against the assets held with respect to any
other Series except to the extent that such Shareholder has such a right or
claim hereunder as a Shareholder of such other Series. The Trustees shall have
full discretion, to the extent not inconsistent with the Investment Company Act,
to determine which items shall be treated as income and which items as capital;
and each such determination and allocation shall be conclusive and binding upon
the Shareholders.
(d) VOTING. All Shares of the Trust entitled to vote on a matter shall vote
separately by Series (and, if applicable, by class): that is, the Shareholders
of each Series (or class) shall have the right to approve or disapprove matters
affecting the Trust and each respective Series (or class) as if the Series (or
classes) were separate companies. There are, however, two exceptions to voting
by separate Series (or classes). First, if the Investment Company Act requires
all Shares of the Trust to be voted in the aggregate without differentiation
between the separate Series (or classes), then all the Trust's Shares shall be
entitled to vote on a one-vote-per-Share basis. Second, if any matter affects
only the interests of some but not all Series (or classes), then only the
Shareholders of such affected Series (or classes) shall be entitled to vote on
the matter.
(e) EQUALITY. All the Shares of each particular Series shall represent an
equal proportionate interest in the assets held with respect to that Series
(subject to the liabilities held
7
<PAGE>
with respect to that Series and such rights and preferences as may have been
established and designated with respect to classes of Shares within such
Series), and each Share of any particular Series shall be qual to each other
Share of that Series.
(f) FRACTIONS. Any fractional Share of a Series shall carry proportionately
all the rights and obligations of a whole share of that Series, including rights
with respect to voting, receipt of dividends and distributions, redemption of
Shares and termination of the Trust.
(g) EXCHANGE PRIVILEGE. The Trustees shall have the authority to provide
that the holders of Shares of any Series shall have the right to exchange said
Shares for Shares of one or more other Series of Shares in accordance with such
requirements and procedures as may be established by the Trustees.
(h) COMBINATION OF SERIES. The Trustees shall have the authority, without
the approval of the Shareholders of any Series unless otherwise required by
applicable law, to combine the assets and liabilities held with respect to any
two or more Series into assets and liabilities held with respect to a single
Series.
(i) ELIMINATION OF SERIES. At any time that there are no Shares outstanding
of any particular Series (or class) previously established and designated, the
Trustees may by resolution of a majority of the then Trustees abolish that
Series (or class) and rescind the establishment and designation thereof.
SECTION 7. INDEMNIFICATION OF SHAREHOLDERS. If any Shareholder or former
Shareholder shall be exposed to liability by reason of a claim or demand
relating to his or her being or having been a Shareholder, and not because of
his or her acts or omissions, the Shareholder or former Shareholder (or his or
her heirs, executors, administrators, or other legal representatives or in the
case of a corporation or other entity, its corporate or other general successor)
shall be entitled to be held harmless from and indemnified out of the assets of
the applicable Series of the Trust against all loss and expense arising from
such claim or demand.
ARTICLE IV
The Board of Trustees
SECTION 1. NUMBER, ELECTION AND TENURE. The number of Trustees constituting
the Board of Trustees shall be fixed from time to time by a written instrument
signed, or by resolution approved at a duly constituted meeting, by a majority
of the Board of Trustees, provided, however, that the number of Trustees shall
in no event be less than one (1) nor more than fifteen (15). The Board of
Trustees, by action of a majority of the then Trustees at a duly constituted
meeting, may fill vacancies in the Board of Trustees or remove Trustees with or
without cause. Each Trustee shall serve during the continued lifetime of the
Trust until he or she dies, resigns, is declared bankrupt or incompetent by a
court of appropriate jurisdiction, or is
8
<PAGE>
removed, or, if sooner, until the next meeting of Shareholders called for the
purpose of electing Trustees and until the election and qualification of his or
her successor. Any Trustee may resign at any time by written instrument signed
by him or her and delivered to any officer of the Trust or to a meeting of the
Trustees. Such resignation shall be effective upon receipt unless specified to
be effective at some other time. Except to the extent expressly provided in a
written agreement with the Trust, no Trustee resigning and no Trustee removed
shall have any right to any compensation for any period following his or her
resignation or removal, or any right to damages on account of such removal. The
Shareholders may fix the number of Trustees and elect Trustees at any meeting of
Shareholders called by the Trustees for that purpose. Any Trustee may be removed
at any meeting of Shareholders by a vote of two-thirds of the outstanding Shares
of the Trust. A meeting of Shareholders for the purpose of electing or removing
one or more Trustees may be called (i) by the Trustees upon their own vote, or
(ii) upon the demand of Shareholders owning 10% or more of the Shares of the
Trust in the aggregate.
SECTION 2. EFFECT OF DEATH, RESIGNATION, ETC. OF A TRUSTEE. The death,
declination, resignation, retirement, removal, or incapacity of one or more
Trustees, or all of them, shall not operate to annul the Trust or to revoke any
existing agency created pursuant to the terms of this Declaration of Trust.
Whenever a vacancy in the Board of Trustees shall occur, until such vacancy is
filled as provided in Article IV, Section 1, the Trustees in office, regardless
of their number, shall have all the powers granted to the Trustees and shall
discharge all the duties imposed upon the Trustees by this Declaration of Trust.
As conclusive evidence of such vacancy, a written instrument certifying the
existence of such vacancy may be executed by an officer of the Trust or by a
majority of the Board of Trustees. In the event of the death, declination,
resignation, retirement, removal, or incapacity of all the then Trustees within
a short period of time and without the opportunity for at least one Trustee
being able to appoint additional Trustees to fill vacancies, the Trust's
Investment Adviser(s) are empowered to appoint new Trustees subject to the
provisions of Section 16(a) of the Investment Company Act.
SECTION 3. POWERS. Subject to the provisions of this Declaration of Trust,
the business of the Trust shall be managed by the Board of Trustees, and such
Board shall have all powers necessary or convenient to carry out that
responsibility, including the power to engage in securities transactions of all
kinds on behalf of the Trust. Without limiting the foregoing, the Trustees may:
adopt By-Laws not inconsistent with this Declaration of Trust providing for the
regulation and management of the affairs of the Trust and may amend and repeal
them to the extent that such By-Laws do not reserve that right to the
Shareholders; fill vacancies in or remove from their number, and may elect and
remove such officers and appoint and terminate such agents as they consider
appropriate; appoint from their own number and establish and terminate one or
more committees consisting of two or more Trustees, which may exercise the
powers and authority of the Board of Trustees, which may exercise the powers and
authority of the Board of Trustees to the extent that the Trustees determine;
employ one or more custodians of the assets of the Trust and may authorize such
custodians to employ subcustodians and to deposit all or any part of such assets
in a system or systems for the central handling of securities
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or with a Federal Reserve Bank; retain a transfer agent or a shareholder
servicing agent, or both; provide for the issuance and distribution of Shares by
the Trust directly or through one or more Principal Underwriters or otherwise;
redeem, repurchase and transfer Shares pursuant to applicable law; set record
dates for the determination of Shareholders with respect to various Shareholders
of each Series from the assets of such Series; and in general, delegate such
authority as they consider desirable to any officer of the Trust, to any
committee of the Trustees and to any agent or employee of the Trust or to any
such custodian, transfer or shareholder servicing agent, or Principal
Underwriter. Any determination as to what is in the interests of the Trust made
by the Trustees in good faith shall be conclusive. In construing the provisions
of this Declaration of Trust, the presumption shall be in favor of a grant of
power to the Trustees. Unless otherwise specified or required by law, any action
by the Board of Trustees shall be deemed effective if approved or taken by a
majority of the Trustees then in office.
Without limiting the foregoing, the Trust shall have power and authority:
(a) To invest and reinvest cash, to hold cash uninvested, and to subscribe
for, invest in, reinvest in, purchase or otherwise acquire, own, hold, pledge,
sell, assign, transfer, exchange, distribute, write options on, lend or
otherwise deal in or dispose of contracts for the future acquisition or delivery
of fixed income or other securities, and securities of every nature and kind,
including, without limitation, all types of bonds, debentures, stocks,
negotiable or non-negotiable instruments, obligations, evidences of
indebtedness, certificates of deposit or indebtedness, commercial paper,
repurchase agreements, bankers' acceptances, and other securities of any kind,
issued, created, guaranteed, or sponsored by any and all Persons, including,
without limitation, states, territories, and possessions of the United States
and the District or Columbia and any political subdivision, agency, or
instrumentality thereof, any foreign government or any political subdivision of
the U.S. Government or any foreign government, or any international
instrumentality, or by any bank or savings institution, or by any corporation or
organization organized under the laws of the United States or of any state,
territory, or possession thereof, or by any corporation or organization
organized under any foreign law, or in "when issued" contracts for any such
securities, to change the investments of the assets of the Trust; and to
exercise any and all rights, powers, and privileges of ownership of interest in
respect of any and all such investments of every kind and description,
including, without limitation, the right to consent and otherwise act with
respect thereto, with power to designate one or more Persons, to exercise any of
said rights, powers, and privileges in respect of any of said instruments;
(b) To sell, exchange, lend, pledge, mortgage, hypothecate, lease, or write
options with respect to or otherwise deal in any property rights relating to any
or all of the assets of the Trust or any Series;
(c) To vote or give assent, or exercise any rights of ownership, with
respect to stock or other securities or property; and to execute and deliver
proxies or powers of attorney to such person or persons as the Trustees shall
deem proper, granting to such person or persons
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such power and discretion with relation to securities or property as the
Trustees shall deem proper;
(d) To exercise powers and right of subscription or otherwise which in any
manner arise out of ownership of securities;
(e) To hold any security or property in a form not indicating any trust,
whether in bearer, unregistered or other negotiable form, or in its own name or
in the name of a custodian or subcustodian or a nominee or nominees or
otherwise;
(f) To consent to or participate in any plan for the reorganization,
consolidation or merger of any corporation or issuer of any security which is
held in the Trust; to consent to any contract, lease, mortgage, purchase or sale
of property by such corporation or issuer; and to pay calls or subscriptions
with respect to any security held in the Trust;
(g) To join with other security holders in acting through a committee,
depositary, voting trustee or otherwise, and in that connection to deposit any
security with, or transfer any security to, any such committee, depositary or
trustee, and to delegate to them such power and authority with relation to any
security (whether or not so deposited or transferred) as the Trustees shall deem
proper, and to agree to pay, and to pay, such portion of the expenses and
compensation of such committee, depositary or trustee as the Trustees shall deem
proper;
(h) To compromise, arbitrate or otherwise adjust claims in favor of or
against the Trust or any matter in controversy, including but not limited to
claims for taxes;
(i) To enter into joint ventures, general or limited partnerships and any
other combinations or associations;
(j) To borrow funds or other property in the name of the trust exclusively
for Trust purposes;
(k) To endorse or guarantee the payment of any notes or other obligations
of any Person; to make contracts or guaranty or suretyship, or otherwise assume
liability for payment thereof;
(l) To purchase and pay for entirely out of Trust Property such insurance
as the Trustees may deem necessary or appropriate for the conduct of the
business, including, without limitation, insurance policies insuring the assets
of the Trust or payment of distributions and principal on its portfolio
investments, and insurance policies insuring the Shareholders, Trustees,
officers, employees, agents, investment advisers, principal underwriters, or
independent contractors of the Trust, individually against all claims and
liabilities of every nature arising by reason of holding Shares, holding, being
or having held any such office or position, or by reason of any action alleged
to have been taken or omitted by any such Person or Trustee, officer,
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employee, agent, investment adviser, principal underwriter, or independent
contractor, including any action taken or omitted that may be determined to
constitute negligence, whether or not the Trust would have the power to
indemnify such Person against liability; and
(m) To adopt, establish and carry out pension, profit sharing, share bonus,
share purchase, savings, thrift and other retirement, incentive and benefit
plans, trusts and provisions, including the purchasing of life insurance and
annuity contracts as a means of providing such retirement and other benefits,
for any or all of the Trustees, officers, employees and agents of the Trust.
The Trust shall not be limited to investing in obligations maturing before
the possible termination of the trust or one or more of its Series. The Trust
shall not in any way be bound or limited by any present or future law or custom
in regard to investment by fiduciaries. The Trust shall not be required to
obtain any court order to deal with any assets of the trust or take any other
action hereunder.
SECTION 4. PAYMENT OF EXPENSES BY THE TRUST. The Trustees are authorized to
pay or cause to be paid out of the principal or income of the Trust, or partly
out of the principal and partly out of income, as they deem fair, all expenses,
fees, charges, taxes and liabilities incurred or arising in connection with the
Trust, or in connection with the management thereof, including, but not limited
to, the Trustees' compensation and such expenses and charges for the services of
the Trust's officers, employees, investment adviser or manager, principal
underwriter, auditors, counsel, custodian, transfer agent, Shareholder servicing
agent, and such other agents or independent contractors and such other expenses
and charges as the Trustees may deem necessary or proper to incur.
SECTION 5. PAYMENT OF EXPENSES BY SHAREHOLDERS. The Trustees shall have the
power, as frequently as they may determine, to cause each Shareholder, or each
Shareholder of any particular Series, to pay directly, in advance of arrears,
for charges of the Trust's custodian or transfer, Shareholder servicing or
similar agent, an amount fixed from time to time by the Trustees, by setting off
such charges due from such Shareholder from declared but unpaid dividends owed
such Shareholder and/or by reducing the number of shares in the account of such
Shareholder by that number of full and/or fractional Shares which represents the
outstanding amount of such charges due from such Shareholder.
SECTION 6. OWNERSHIP OF ASSETS OF THE TRUST. Title to all of the assets of
the Trust shall at all times be considered as vested in the Trust, except that
the Trustees shall have power to cause legal title to any Trust Property to be
held by or in the name of one or more of the Trustees, or in the name of the
Trust, or in the name of any other Person as nominee, on such terms as the
Trustees may determine. The right, title and interest of the Trustees in the
Trust Property shall vest automatically in each Person who may hereafter become
a Trustee. Upon the resignation, removal or death of a Trustee, he or she shall
automatically cease to have any right, title or interest in any of the Trust
Property, and the right, title and interest of such Trustee in the
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Trust Property shall vest automatically in the remaining Trustees. Such vesting
and cessation of title shall be effective whether or not conveyancing documents
has been executed and delivered.
SECTION 7. SERVICE CONTRACTS.
(a) Subject to such requirements and restrictions as may be set forth in
the ByLaws, the Trustee may, at any time and from time to time, contract for
exclusive or non-exclusive advisory, management and/or administrative services
for the Trust or for any Series with any corporation, trust, association or
other organization; and any such contract may contain such other terms as the
Trustees may determine, including without limitation, authority for the
Investment Adviser or administrator to determine from time to time without prior
consultation with the Trustees what investments shall be purchased, held, sold
or exchanged and what portion, if any, of the assets of the Trust shall be held
uninvested and to make changes in the Trust's investments, or such other
activities as may specifically be delegated to such party.
(b) The Trustees may also, at any time and from time to time, contract with
any corporation, trust, association or other organization, appointing it
exclusive or non-exclusive distributor or Principal Underwriter for the Shares
of one or more of the Series (or classes) or other securities to be issued by
the Trust. Every such contract shall comply with such requirements and
restrictions as may be set forth in the By-Laws; and any such contract may
contain such other terms as the Trustees may determine.
(c) The Trustees are also empowered, at any time and from time to time, to
contract with any corporations, trusts, associations or other organizations,
appointing it or them the custodian, transfer agent and/or shareholder servicing
agent for the Trust or one or more of its Series. Every such contract shall
comply with such requirements and restrictions as may be set forth in the
By-Laws or stipulated by resolution of the Trustees.
(d) The Trustees are further empowered, at any time and from time to time,
to contract with any entity to provide such other services to the Trust or one
or more of the Series, as the Trustees determine to be in the best interests of
the Trust and the applicable Series.
(e) The fact that:
(i) any of the Shareholders, Trustees, or officers of the Trust is a
shareholder, director, officer, partner, trustee, employee, investment
adviser, manager, principal underwriter, distributor or affiliate or agent
of or for any corporation, trust, association, or other organization, or
for any parent or affiliate of any organization with which an advisory,
management or administration
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contract, or principal underwriter's or distributor's contract, or
transfer, shareholder servicing or other type of service contract may have
been or may hereafter be made, or that any such organization, or any parent
or affiliate thereof, is a Shareholder or has an interest in the Trust; or
(ii) any corporation, trust, association or other organization with
which an advisory, management or administration contract or principal
underwriter's or distributor's contract, or transfer, shareholder servicing
or other type of service contract may have been or may hereafter be made
also has an advisory, management or administration contract, or principal
underwriter's or distributor's contract, or transfer, shareholder servicing
or other service contract with one or more other corporations, trusts,
associations, or other organizations or has other business or interests,
shall not affect the validity of any such contract or disqualify any
Shareholder, Trustee or officer of the Trust from voting upon or executing the
same, or create any liability or accountability to the Trust or its
Shareholders, provided approval of each such contract is made pursuant to the
requirements of the Investment Company Act.
ARTICLE V
Shareholders' Voting Powers and Meetings
SECTION 1. VOTING POWERS. Subject to the provisions of Article III, Section
6(d), the Shareholders shall have power to vote only (i) for the election or
removal of Trustees as provided in Article IV, Section 1, and (ii) with respect
to such additional matters relating to the Trust as may be required by this
Declaration of Trust, the By-Laws or any registration of the Trust with the
Commission (or any successor agency) or any state, or as the Trustees may
consider necessary or desirable. As appropriate, voting may be by Series (or
class). Each whole Share shall be entitled to one vote as to any matter on which
it is entitled to vote and each fractional Share shall be entitled to a
proportionate fractional vote. There shall be no cumulative voting in the
election of Trustees. Shares may be voted in person or by proxy. A proxy with
respect to Shares held in the name of two or more persons shall be valid if
executed by any one of them unless at or prior to exercise of the proxy the
Trust receives a specific written notice to the contrary from any one of them. A
proxy purporting to be executed by or on behalf of a Shareholder shall be deemed
valid unless challenged at or prior to its exercise and the burden of proving
invalidity shall rest on the challenger.
SECTION 2. VOTING POWER AND MEETINGS. Meetings of the Shareholders may be
called by the Trustees for the purpose of electing Trustees as provided in
Article IV, Section 1 and for such other purposes as may be prescribed by law,
by this Declaration of Trust or by the ByLaws. Meetings of the Shareholders may
also be called by the Trustees from time to time for the purpose of taking
action upon any other matter deemed by the Trustees to be necessary or
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desirable. A meeting of Shareholders may be held at any place designated by the
Trustees. Written notice of any meeting of Shareholders shall be given or caused
to be given by the Trustees by mailing such notice at least seven (7) days
before such meeting, postage prepaid, stating the time and place of the meeting,
to each Shareholder at the Shareholder's address as it appears on the records of
the Trust. Whenever notice of a meeting is required to be given to a Shareholder
under this Declaration of Trust or the By-Laws, a written waiver thereof,
executed before or after the meeting by such Shareholder or his or her attorney
thereunto authorized and filed with the records of the meeting, shall be deemed
equivalent to such notice.
SECTION 3. QUORUM AND REQUIRED VOTE. Except when a larger quorum is
required by applicable law, by the By-Laws or by this Declaration of trust,
forty percent (40%) of the Shares entitled to vote shall constitute a quorum at
a Shareholders' meeting. When any one or more Series (or classes) is to vote as
a single class separate from any other Shares, forty percent (40%) of the Shares
of each such Series (or classes) entitled to vote shall constitute a quorum at a
Shareholder's meeting of that Series. Any meeting of Shareholders may be
adjourned from time to time by a majority of the votes properly cast upon the
question of adjourning a meeting to another date and time, whether or not a
quorum is present, and the meeting may be held as adjourned within a reasonable
time after the date set for the original meeting without further notice. Subject
to the provisions of Article III, Section 6(d), when a quorum is present at any
meeting, a majority of the Shares voted shall decide any questions and a
plurality shall elect a Trustee, except when a larger vote is required by any
provision of this Declaration of Trust or the By-Laws or by applicable law.
SECTION 4. ACTION BY WRITTEN CONSENT. Any action taken by shareholders may
be taken without a meeting if Shareholders holding a majority of the Shares
entitled to vote on the matter (or such larger proportion thereof as shall be
required by any express provision of this Declaration of Trust or by the By-Laws
or by applicable law) and holding a majority (or such larger proportion as
aforesaid) of the Shares of any Series (or class) entitled to vote separately on
the matter consent to the action in writing and such written consents are filed
with the records of the meetings of Shareholders. Such consent shall be treated
for all purposes as a vote taken at a meeting of Shareholders.
SECTION 5. RECORD DATES. For the purpose of determining the Shareholders of
any Series (or class) who are entitled to vote or act at any meeting or any
adjournment thereof, the Trustees may from time to time fix a time, which shall
be not more than ninety (90) days before the date of any meeting of
Shareholders, as the record date for determining the Shareholders of such Series
(or class) having the right to notice of and to vote at such meeting and any
adjournment thereof, and in such case only Shareholders of record on such record
date shall have such right, notwithstanding any transfer of shares on the books
of the Trust after the record date. For the purpose of determining the
Shareholders of any Series (or class) who are entitled to receive payment of any
dividend or of any other distribution, the Trustees may from time to time fix a
date, which shall be before the date for the payment of such dividend or such
other payment, as the record date for determining the Shareholders of such
Series (or class) having the
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right to receive such dividend or distribution. Without fixing a record date the
Trustees may for voting and/or distribution purposes close the register or
transfer books for one or more Series for all or any part of the period between
a record date and a meeting of Shareholders or the payment of a distribution.
Nothing in this Section shall be construed as precluding the Trustees from
setting different record dates for different Series (or classes).
SECTION 6. ADDITIONAL PROVISIONS. The By-Laws may include further
provisions for Shareholders' votes and meetings and related matters.
ARTICLE VI
Net Asset Value, Distributions and Redemptions
SECTION 1. DETERMINATION OF NET ASSET VALUE, NET INCOME AND DISTRIBUTIONS.
Subject to Article III, Section 6 hereof, the Trustees, in their absolute
discretion, may prescribe and shall set forth in the By-Laws or in a duly
adopted vote of the Trustees such bases and time for determining the per-Share
net asset value of the Shares of any Series or net income attributable to the
Shares of any Series, or the declaration and payment of dividends and
distributions on the Shares of any Series, as they may deem necessary or
desirable.
SECTION 2. REDEMPTIONS AND REPURCHASES. The Trust shall purchase such
Shares as are offered by any Shareholder for redemption, upon the presentation
of a proper instrument of transfer together with a request directed to the Trust
or a Person designated by the Trust that the Trust purchase such Shares or in
accordance with such other procedures for redemption as the Trustees may from
time to time authorize; and the Trust will pay therefor the net asset value
thereof, in accordance with the By-Laws and applicable law. Payment for said
Shares shall be made by the Trust to the Shareholder within seven days after the
date on which the request is made in proper form. The obligation set forth in
this Section 2 is subject to the provision that in the event that any time the
New York Stock Exchange (the "Exchange") is closed for other than weekends or
holidays, or if permitted by the Rules of the Commission during periods when
trading on the Exchange is restricted or during any emergency which makes it
impracticable for the Trust to dispose of the investments of the applicable
Series or to determine fairly the value of the net assets held with respect to
such Series or during any other period permitted by order of the Commission for
the protection of investors, such obligations may be suspended or postponed by
the Trustees.
The redemption price may in any case or cases be paid wholly or partly in
kind if the Trustees determine that such payment is advisable in the interest of
the remaining Shareholders of the Series for which the Shares are being
redeemed. Subject to the foregoing, the fair value, selection and quantity of
securities or other property so paid or delivered as all or part of the
redemption price may be determined by or under authority of the Trustees. In no
case shall the Trust be liable for any delay or any corporation or other Person
in transferring securities selected for delivery as all or part of any payment
in kind.
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SECTION 3. REDEMPTIONS AT THE OPTION OF THE TRUST. The Trust shall have the
right, at its option and at any time, to redeem Shares of any Shareholder at the
net asset value thereof as described in Section 1 of this Article VI: (i) if at
such time such Shareholder owns Shares of any Series having an aggregate net
asset value of less than an amount determined from time to time by the Trustees
prior to the acquisition of said Shares; or (ii) to the extent that such
Shareholder owns Shares of a particular Series equal to or in excess of a
percentage of the outstanding Shares of that Series determined from time to time
by the Trustees; or (iii) to the extent that such Shareholder owns Shares equal
to or in excess of a percentage, determined from time to time by the Trustees,
of the outstanding Shares of the Trust or of any Series.
ARTICLE VII
Compensation and Limitation of Liability of Trustees
SECTION 1. COMPENSATION. The Trustees as such shall be entitled to
reasonable compensation from the Trust, and they may fix the amount of such
compensation. Nothing herein shall in any way prevent the employment of any
Trustee for advisory, management, legal, accounting, investment banking or other
services and payment for the same by the Trust.
SECTION 2. INDEMNIFICATION AND LIMITATION OF LIABILITY. The Trustees shall
not be responsible or liable in any event for any neglect or wrong-doing of any
officer, agent, employee, Investment Adviser or principal underwriter of the
Trust, nor shall any Trustee be responsible for the act or omission of any other
Trustee, and the Trust out of its assets shall indemnify and hold harmless each
and every Trustee from and against any and all claims and demands whatsoever
arising out of or related to each Trustee's performance of his or her duties as
a Trustee of the Trust; provided that nothing herein contained shall indemnify,
hold harmless, or protect any Trustee from or against any liability to the Trust
or any Shareholder to which he or she would otherwise be subject by reason of
willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the
duties involved in the conduct of his or her office.
Every note, bond, contract, instrument, certificate or undertaking and
every other act or thing whatsoever issued, executed or done by or on behalf of
the Trust or the Trustees or any of them in connection with the Trust shall be
conclusively deemed to have been issued, executed or done only in or with
respect to their or his or her capacity as Trustees or Trustee, and such
Trustees or Trustee shall not be personally liable thereon.
SECTION 3. TRUSTEE'S GOOD FAITH ACTION, EXPERT ADVICE, NO BOND OR SURETY.
The exercise by the Trustees of their powers and discretion hereunder shall be
binding upon everyone interested. A Trustee shall be liable to the Trust and to
any Shareholder solely for his or her own willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross
negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of the
office of Trustee, and shall not be liable for errors of judgment or mistakes of
fact or law. The Trustees may take advice of counsel or other experts with
respect to the meaning and operation of this Declaration of trust, and shall be
under no liability for any act or omission
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in accordance with such advice nor for failing to follow such advice. The
Trustees shall not be required to give any bond as such, nor any surety if a
bond is required.
SECTION 4. INSURANCE. The Trustees shall be entitled and empowered to the
fullest extent permitted by law to purchase with Trust assets insurance for
liability and for all expenses reasonably incurred or paid or expected to be
paid by a Trustee or officer in connection with any claim, action, suit or
proceeding in which he or she becomes involved by virtue of his or her capacity
or former capacity with the Trust.
ARTICLE VIII
Miscellaneous
SECTION 1. LIABILITY OF THIRD PERSONS DEALING WITH TRUSTEES. No Person
dealing with the Trustees shall be bound to make any inquiry concerning the
validity of any transaction made or to be made by the Trustees or to see to the
application of any payments made or property transferred to the Trust or upon
its order.
SECTION 2. TERMINATION OF TRUST OR SERIES. Unless terminated as provided
herein, the Trust shall continue without limitation of time. The Trust may be
terminated at any time by vote of a majority of the Shares of each Series
entitled to vote, voting separately by Series, or by the Trustees by written
notice to the Shareholders. Any Series may be terminated at any time by vote of
a majority of the Shares of that Series or by the Trustees by written notice to
the Shareholders of that Series.
Upon termination of the Trust (or any Series, as the case may be), after
paying or otherwise providing for all charges, taxes, expenses and liabilities
held, severally, with respect to each Series (or the applicable Series, as the
case may be), whether due or accrued or anticipated as may be determined by the
Trustees, the Trust shall, in accordance with such procedures as the Trustees
consider appropriate, reduce the remaining assets held, severally, with respect
to each Series (or the applicable Series, as the case may be), to distributable
form in cash or shares or other securities, or any combination thereof, and
distribute the proceeds held with respect to each Series (or the applicable
Series, as the case may be), to the Shareholders of that Series, as a Series,
ratably according to the number of Shares of that Series held by the several
Shareholders on the date of termination.
SECTION 3A. MERGER AND CONSOLIDATION. The Trustees may cause (i) the Trust
or one or more of its Series to the extent consistent with applicable law to be
merged into or consolidated with another trust or company, (ii) the Shares of
the Trust or any Series to be converted into beneficial interests in another
business trust (or series thereof) created pursuant to this Section 3A of
Article VIII, or (iii) the Shares to be exchanged under or pursuant to any state
or federal statute to the extent permitted by law. Such merger or consolidation,
Share conversion or Share exchange must be authorized by vote of a majority of
the outstanding Shares of the Trust, as a
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whole, or any affected Series, as may be applicable; provided that in all
respects not governed by statute or applicable law, the Trustees shall have the
power to prescribe the procedure necessary or appropriate to accomplish a sale
of assets, merger or consolidation including the power to create one or more
separate business trusts to which all or any part of the assets, liabilities,
profits or losses of the Trust may be transferred and to provide for the
conversion of the Shares of the Trust or any Series into beneficial interests in
such separate business trust or trusts (or series thereof).
SECTION 3B. Notwithstanding Section 3A above, any one or more Series
created on or after August 14, 1998, may, either as the successor, survivor or
non-survivor, (1) consolidate or merge with one or more other trusts,
partnerships, associations or corporations, including any series or class
thereof, organized under the laws of the State of Delaware or any other state of
the United States; or (2) transfer a substantial portion of its assets to one or
more other trusts, partnerships, associations or corporations, including any
series or class thereof, organized under the laws of the State of Delaware or
any other state of the United States, any such consolidation, merger or transfer
to be upon such terms and conditions as are specified in an agreement and plan
of reorganization authorized and approved by the Trustees and entered into by
the relevant series in connection therewith. Any such consolidation, merger or
transfer may be authorized by vote of a majority of the Trustees then in office
without the approval of Shareholders of any Series.
SECTION 4. AMENDMENTS. This Declaration of Trust may be restated and/or
amended at any time by an instrument in writing signed by a majority of the then
Trustees and, if required, by approval of such amendment by Shareholders in
accordance with Article V, Section 3 hereof. Any such restatement and/or
amendment hereto shall be effective immediately upon execution and approval. The
Certificate of Trust of the Trust may be restated and/or amended by a similar
procedure, and any such restatement and/or amendment shall be effective
immediately upon filing with the Office of the Secretary of State of the State
of Delaware or upon such future date as may be stated therein. Notwithstanding
any other provision of this Declaration of Trust, the Trust's By-Laws or the
Certificate of Trust of the Trust, no approval of any restatement and/or
amendment of this Declaration of Trust's By-Laws or the Certificate of Trust by
Shareholders shall be required for any restatement and/or amendment made by a
majority of the then Trustees to effect ministerial or correcting changes to
this Declaration of Trust, the By-Laws or the Certificate of Trust.
SECTION 5. FILING OF COPIES, REFERENCES, HEADINGS. The original or a copy
of this instrument and of each restatement and/or amendment hereto shall be kept
at the office of the Trust where it may be inspected by any Shareholder. Anyone
dealing with the Trust may rely on a certificate by an officer of the Trust as
to whether or not any such restatements and/or amendments have been made and as
to any matters in connection with the Trust hereunder; and, with the same effect
as if it were the original, may rely on a copy certified by an officer of the
Trust to be a copy of this instrument or of any such restatements and/or
amendments. In this instrument and in any such restatements and/or amendment,
references to this instrument, and all expressions like "herein," "hereof" and
"hereunder," shall be deemed to refer to this instrument
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as amended or affected by any such restatements and/or amendments. Headings are
placed herein for convenience of reference only and shall not be taken as a part
hereof or control or affect the meaning, construction or effect of this
instrument. Whenever the singular number is used herein, the same shall include
the plural; and the neuter, masculine and feminine genders shall include each
other, as applicable. This instrument may be executed in any number of
counterparts each of which shall be deemed an original.
SECTION 6. APPLICABLE LAW. This Agreement and Declaration of Trust is
created under and is to be governed by and construed and administered according
to the laws of the State of Delaware and the Delaware Business Trust Act, as
amended form time to time (the "Act"). The Trust shall be a Delaware business
trust pursuant to such Act, and without limiting the provisions hereof, the
Trust may exercise all powers which are ordinarily exercised by such a business
trust.
SECTION 7. PROVISIONS IN CONFLICT WITH LAW OR REGULATIONS.
(a) The provisions of the Declaration of Trust are severable, and if the
Trustees shall determine, with the advice of counsel, that any of such
provisions is in conflict with the Investment Company Act, the regulated
investment company provisions of the Internal Revenue Code or with other
applicable laws and regulations, the conflicting provision shall be deemed never
to have constituted a part of the Declaration of Trust; provided, however, that
such determination shall not affect any of the remaining provisions of the
Declaration of Trust or render invalid or improper any action taken or omitted
prior to such determination.
(b) If any provision of the Declaration of Trust shall be held invalid or
unenforceable in any jurisdiction, such invalidity or unenforceability shall
attach only to such provision in such jurisdiction and shall not in any manner
affect such provision in any other jurisdiction or any other provision of the
Declaration of Trust in any jurisdiction.
SECTION 8. BUSINESS TRUST ONLY. It is the intention of the Trustees to
create a business trust pursuant to the Delaware Business Trust Act, as amended
from time to time (the "Act"), and thereby to create only the relationship of
trustee and beneficial owners within the meaning of such Act between the
Trustees and each Shareholder. It is not the intention of the Trustees to create
a general partnership, limited partnership, joint stock association,
corporation, bailment, or any form of legal relationship other than a business
trust pursuant to such Act. Nothing in this Declaration of trust shall be
construed to make the Shareholders, either by themselves or with the Trustees,
partners or members of a joint stock association.
[REMAINDER OF PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the trustees named below do hereby make and enter into
this Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust as of the ___ day of
________________, 1998.
/s/ Ronald Filante
- --------------------------------
Ronald Filante, Trustee
/s/ Katherine Griswold
- --------------------------------
Katherine Griswold, Trustee
/s/ Alfred Salvato
- --------------------------------
Alfred Salvato, Trustee
/s/ Robert Turner
- --------------------------------
Robert Turner, Trustee
THE PRINCIPAL PLACE OF BUSINESS OF THE TRUST IS 1235 WESTLAKES DRIVE, SUITE 350,
BERWYN, PENNSYLVANIA 19312.
21
BY-LAWS
for the regulation, except as
otherwise provided by statute or
the Agreement and Declaration of Trust of
THE SOLON FUNDS
a Delaware Business Trust
(As of October 25, 1993)
(As amended December 11, 1993)
<PAGE>
TABLE OF CONTENTS
BY-LAWS
THE SOLON FUNDS
Page
----
ARTICLE I OFFICES......................................................1
Section 1. PRINCIPAL OFFICE.........................................1
Section 2. DELAWARE OFFICE..........................................1
Section 3. OTHER OFFICES............................................1
ARTICLE II MEETINGS OF SHAREHOLDERS.....................................1
Section 1. PLACE OF MEETINGS........................................1
Section 2. CALL OF MEETING..........................................1
Section 3. NOTICE OF SHAREHOLDERS' MEETING..........................2
Section 4. MANNER OF GIVING NOTICE; AFFIDAVIT
OF NOTICE..............................................2
Section 5. ADJOURNED MEETING; NOTICE................................3
Section 6. VOTING...................................................3
Section 7. WAIVER OF NOTICE BY CONSENT OF ABSENT
SHAREHOLDERS...........................................4
Section 8. SHAREHOLDER ACTION BY WRITTEN CONSENT
WITHOUT A MEETING......................................4
Section 9. RECORD DATE FOR SHAREHOLDER NOTICE,
VOTING AND GIVING CONSENTS.............................5
Section 10. PROXIES..................................................5
Section 11. INSPECTORS OF ELECTION...................................6
ARTICLE III TRUSTEES.....................................................7
Section 1. POWERS...................................................7
Section 2. NUMBER OF TRUSTEES.......................................7
Section 3. VACANCIES................................................7
Section 4. PLACE OF MEETINGS AND MEETINGS
BY TELEPHONE...........................................8
Section 5. REGULAR MEETINGS.........................................8
Section 6. SPECIAL MEETINGS.........................................8
Section 7. QUORUM...................................................8
Section 8. WAIVER OF NOTICE.........................................9
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Section 9. ADJOURNMENT..............................................9
Section 10. NOTICE OF ADJOURNMENT....................................9
Section 11. ACTION WITHOUT A MEETING.................................9
Section 12. FEES AND COMPENSATION OF TRUSTEES.......................10
Section 13. DELEGATION OF POWER TO OTHER TRUSTEES...................10
ARTICLE IV COMMITTEES..................................................10
Section 1. COMMITTEES OF TRUSTEES..................................10
Section 2. MEETINGS AND ACTION OF COMMITTEES.......................11
ARTICLE V OFFICERS....................................................11
Section 1. OFFICERS................................................11
Section 2. ELECTION OF OFFICERS....................................12
Section 3. SUBORDINATE OFFICERS....................................12
Section 4. REMOVAL AND RESIGNATION OF OFFICERS.....................12
Section 5. VACANCIES IN OFFICES....................................12
Section 6. CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD...................................12
Section 7. PRESIDENT...............................................13
Section 8. VICE PRESIDENTS.........................................13
Section 9. SECRETARY...............................................13
Section 10. TREASURER...............................................14
ARTICLE VI INDEMNIFICATION OF TRUSTEES OFFICERS
EMPLOYEES AND OTHER AGENT...................................15
Section 1. AGENTS, PROCEEDINGS AND EXPENSES........................15
Section 2. ACTIONS OTHER THAN BY TRUST.............................15
Section 3. ACTIONS BY THE TRUST....................................15
Section 4. EXCLUSION OF INDEMNIFICATION............................16
Section 5. SUCCESSFUL DEFENSE BY AGENT.............................17
Section 6. REQUIRED APPROVAL.......................................17
Section 7. ADVANCE OF EXPENSES.....................................17
Section 8. OTHER CONTRACTUAL RIGHTS................................18
Section 9. LIMITATIONS.............................................18
Section 10. INSURANCE...............................................18
Section 11. FIDUCIARIES OF EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN....................18
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ARTICLE VII RECORDS AND REPORTS.........................................19
Section 1. MAINTENANCE AND INSPECTION OF
SHARE REGISTER..........................................19
Section 2. MAINTENANCE AND INSPECTION OF BY-LAWS...................19
Section 3. MAINTENANCE AND INSPECTION OF OTHER RECORDS.............19
Section 4. INSPECTION BY TRUSTEES..................................19
ARTICLE VIII GENERAL MATTERS.............................................20
Section 1. CHECKS, DRAFTS, EVIDENCE OF INDEBTEDNESS................20
Section 2. CONTRACTS AND INSTRUMENTS; HOW EXECUTED.................20
Section 3. CERTIFICATES FOR SHARES.................................21
Section 4. LOST CERTIFICATES.......................................21
Section 5. REPRESENTATION OF SHARES OF OTHER
ENTITIES HELD BY THE TRUST.........................21
Section 6. FISCAL YEAR.............................................22
ARTICLE IX AMENDMENTS..................................................22
Section 1. AMENDMENT BY SHAREHOLDERS...............................22
Section 2. AMENDMENT BY TRUSTEES...................................22
Section 3. INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE INTO AGREEMENT
AND DECLARATION OF TRUST OF THE TRUST..............22
iii
<PAGE>
BY-LAWS
OF
THE SOLON FUNDS
A Delaware Business Trust
ARTICLE I
OFFICES
Section 1. PRINCIPAL OFFICE. The Board of Trustees shall fix and, from time
to time, may change the location of the principal executive office of The Solon
Funds (the "Trust") at any place within or outside the State of Delaware.
Section 2. DELAWARE OFFICE. The Board of Trustees shall establish a
registered office in the State of Delaware and shall appoint as the Trust's
registered agent for service of process in the State of Delaware an individual
resident of the State of Delaware or a Delaware corporation or a corporation
authorized to transact business in the State of Delaware; in each case the
business office of such registered agent for service of process shall be
identical with the registered Delaware office of the Trust.
Section 3. OTHER OFFICES. The Board of Trustees may at any time establish
branch or subordinate offices at any place or places where the Trust intends to
do business.
ARTICLE II
MEETINGS OF SHAREHOLDERS
Section 1. PLACE OF MEETINGS. Meetings of shareholders shall be held at any
place designated by the Board of Trustees. In the absence of any such
designation, shareholders' meetings shall be held at the principal executive
office of the Trust.
Section 2. CALL OF MEETING. A meeting of the shareholders may be called at
any time by the Board of Trustees or by the Chair of the Board or by the
President.
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Section 3. NOTICE OF SHAREHOLDERS' MEETING. All notices of meetings of
shareholders shall be sent or otherwise given in accordance with Section 4 of
this Article II not less than seven (7) nor more than seventy-five (75) days
before the date of the meeting. The notice shall specify (i) the place, date and
hour of the meeting, and (ii) the general nature of the business to be
transacted. The notice of any meeting at which Trustees are to be elected also
shall include the name of any nominee or nominees whom at the time of the notice
are intended to be presented for election.
If action is proposed to be taken at any meeting for approval of (i) a
contract or transaction in which a Trustee has a direct or indirect financial
interest, (ii) an amendment of the Trust's Agreement and Declaration of Trust,
(iii) a reorganization of the Trust, or (iv) a voluntary dissolution of the
Trust, the notice shall also state the general nature of that proposal.
Section 4. MANNER OF GIVING NOTICE; AFFIDAVIT OF NOTICE. Notice of any
meeting of shareholders shall be given either personally or by first-class mail
or telegraphic or other written communication, charges prepaid, addressed to the
shareholder at the address of that shareholder appearing on the books of the
Trust or its transfer agent or given by the shareholder to the Trust for the
purpose of notice. If no such address appears on the Trust's books or is given,
notice shall be deemed to have been given if sent to that shareholder by
first-class mail or telegraphic or other written communication to the Trust's
principal executive office, or if published at least once in a newspaper of
general circulation in the county where that office is located. Notice shall be
deemed to have been given at the time when delivered personally or deposited in
the mail or sent by telegram or other means of written communication.
If any notice addressed to a shareholder at the address of that shareholder
appearing on the books of the Trust is returned to the Trust by the United
States Postal Service marked to indicate that the Postal Service is unable to
deliver the notice to the shareholder at that address, all future notices or
reports shall be deemed to have been duly given without further mailing if these
shall be available to the shareholder on written demand of the shareholder at
the principal executive office of the Trust
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for a period of one year from the date of the giving of the notice.
An affidavit of the mailing or other means of giving any notice of any
shareholder's meeting shall be executed by the Secretary, Assistant Secretary or
any transfer agent of the Trust giving the notice and shall be filed and
maintained in the minute book of the Trust.
Section 5. ADJOURNED MEETING; NOTICE. Any shareholder's meeting, whether or
not a quorum is present, may be adjourned from time to time by the vote of the
majority of the shares represented at that meeting, either in person or by
proxy.
When any meeting of shareholders is adjourned to another time or place,
notice need not be given of the adjourned meeting at which the adjournment is
taken, unless a new record date of the adjourned meeting is fixed or unless the
adjournment is for more than sixty (60) days from the date set for the original
meeting, in which case the Board of Trustees shall set a new record date. Notice
of any such adjourned meeting shall be given to each shareholder of record
entitled to vote at the adjourned meeting accordance with the provisions of
Sections 3 and 4 of this Article II. At any adjourned meeting, the Trust may
transact any business which might have been transacted at the original meeting.
Section 6. VOTING. The shareholders entitled to vote at any meeting of
shareholders shall be determined in accordance with the provisions of the
Agreement and Declaration of Trust of the Trust, as in effect at such time. The
shareholders' vote may be by voice vote or by ballot, provided, however, that
any election for Trustees must be by ballot if demanded by any shareholder
before the voting has begun. On any matter other than elections of Trustees, any
shareholder may vote part of the shares in favor of the proposal and refrain
from voting the remaining shares or vote them against the proposal, but if the
shareholder fails to specify the number of shares which the shareholder is
voting affirmatively, it will be conclusively presumed that the shareholder's
approving vote is with respect to the total shares that the shareholder is
entitled to vote on such proposal.
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Section 7. WAIVER OF NOTICE BY CONSENT OF ABSENT SHAREHOLDERS. The
transactions of the meeting of shareholders, however called and noticed and
wherever held, shall be as valid as though had at a meeting duly held after
regular call and notice if a quorum be present either in person or by proxy and
if either before or after the meeting, each person entitled to vote who was not
present in person or by proxy signs a written waiver of notice or a consent to a
holding of the meeting or an approval of the minutes. The waiver of notice or
consent need not specify either the business to be transacted or the purpose of
any meeting of shareholders.
Attendance by a person at a meeting shall also constitute a waiver of
notice of that meeting, except when the person objects at the beginning of the
meeting to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully
called or convened and except that attendance at a meeting is not a waiver of
any right to object to the consideration of matters not included in the notice
of the meeting if that objection is expressly made at the beginning of the
meeting.
Section 8. SHAREHOLDER ACTION BY WRITTEN CONSENT WITHOUT A MEETING. Any
action which may be taken at any meeting of shareholders may be taken without a
meeting and without prior notice if a consent in writing setting forth the
action so taken is signed by the holders of outstanding shares having not less
than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take
that action at a meeting at which all shares entitled to vote on that action
were present and voted. All such consents shall be filed with the Secretary of
the Trust and shall be maintained in the Trust's records. Any shareholder giving
a written consent or the shareholder's proxy holder or a transferee of the
shares or a personal representative of the shareholder or their respective proxy
holders may revoke the consent by a writing received by the Secretary of the
Trust before written consents of the number of shares required to authorize the
proposed action have been filed with the Secretary.
If the consents of all shareholders entitled to vote have not been
solicited in writing and if the unanimous written consent of all such
shareholders shall not have been received, the Secretary shall give prompt
notice of the action approved by the shareholders without a meeting. This notice
shall be given
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<PAGE>
in the manner specified in Section 4 of this Article II. In the case of approval
of (i) contracts or transactions in which a Trustee has a direct or indirect
financial interest, (ii) indemnification of agents of the Trust, and (iii) a
reorganization of the Trust, the notice shall be given at least ten (10) days
before the consummation of any action authorized by that approval.
Section 9. RECORD DATE FOR SHAREHOLDER NOTICE, VOTING AND GIVING CONSENTS.
For purposes of determining the shareholders entitled to notice of any meeting
or to vote or entitled to give consent to action without a meeting, the Board of
Trustees may fix in advance a record date which shall not be more than ninety
(90) days nor less than seven (7) days before the date of any such meeting as
provided in the Agreement and Declaration of Trust of the Trust.
If the Board of Trustees does not so fix a record date;
(a) The record date for determining shareholders entitled to
notice of or to vote at a meeting of shareholders shall be at
the close of business on the business day next preceding the
day on which notice is given or if notice is waived, at the
close of business on the business day next preceding the day
on which the meeting is held.
(b) The record date for determining shareholders entitled
to give consent to action in writing without a meeting,
(i) when no prior action by the Board of Trustees has
been taken, shall be the day on which the first written
consent is given, or (ii) when prior action of the
Board of Trustees has been taken, shall be at the close
of business on the day on which the Board of Trustees
adopt the resolution relating to that action or the
seventy-fifth day before the date of such other action,
whichever is later.
Section 10. PROXIES. Every person entitled to vote for Trustees or on any
other matter shall have the right to do so either in person or by one or more
agents authorized by a written proxy signed by the person and filed with the
Secretary of the Trust. A proxy shall be deemed signed if the shareholder's name
5
<PAGE>
is placed on the proxy (whether by manual signature, typewriting, telegraphic
transmission or otherwise) by the shareholder or the shareholder's
attorney-in-fact. A validly executed proxy which does not state that it is
irrevocable shall continue in full force and effect unless (i) revoked by the
person executing it before the vote pursuant to that proxy by a writing
delivered to the Trust stating that the proxy is revoked or by a subsequent
proxy executed by or attendance at the meeting and voting in person by the
person executing that proxy; or (ii) written notice of the death or incapacity
of the maker of that proxy is received by the Trust before the vote pursuant to
that proxy is counted; provided however, that no proxy shall be valid after the
expiration of eleven (11) months from the date of the proxy unless otherwise
provided in the proxy.
Section 11. INSPECTORS OF ELECTION. Before any meeting of shareholders, the
Board of Trustees may appoint any persons other than nominees for office to act
as inspectors of election at the meeting or its adjournment. If no inspectors of
election are so appointed, the chairman of the meeting may and on the request of
any shareholder or a shareholder's proxy shall, appoint inspectors of election
at the meeting. The number of inspectors shall be either one (1) or three (3).
If inspectors are appointed at a meeting on the request of one or more
shareholders or proxies, the holders of a majority of shares or their proxies
present at the meeting shall determine whether one (1) or three (3) inspectors
are to be appointed. If any person appointed as inspector fails to appear or
fails or refuses to act, the Chair of the meeting may and on the request of any
shareholder or a shareholder's proxy, shall appoint a person to fill the
vacancy.
These inspectors shall:
(a) Determine the number of shares outstanding and the voting
power of each, the shares represented at the meeting, the
existence of a quorum and the authenticity, validity and
effect of proxies;
(b) Receive votes, ballots or consents;
(c) Hear and determine all challenges and questions in any
way arising in connection with the right to vote;
(d) Count and tabulate all votes or consents;
(e) Determine when the polls shall close;
(f) Determine the result; and
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(g) Do any other acts that may be proper to conduct the election
or vote with fairness to all shareholders.
ARTICLE III
TRUSTEES
Section 1. POWERS. Subject to the applicable provisions of the Agreement
and Declaration of Trust of the Trust and these ByLaws relating to action
required to be approved by the shareholders or by the outstanding shares, the
business and affairs of the Trust shall be managed and all powers shall be
exercised by or under the direction of the Board of Trustees.
Section 2. NUMBER OF TRUSTEES. The exact number of Trustees within the
limits specified in the Agreement and Declaration of Trust of the Trust shall be
fixed from time to time by a written instrument signed or a resolution approved
at a duly constituted meeting by a majority of the Board of Trustees.
Section 3. VACANCIES. Vacancies in the Board of Trustees may be filled by a
majority of the remaining Trustees, though less than a quorum, or by a sole
remaining Trustee, unless the Board of Trustees calls a meeting of shareholders
for the purposes of electing Trustees. In the event that at any time less than a
majority of the Trustees holding office at that time were so elected by the
holders of the outstanding voting securities of the Trust, the Board of Trustees
shall forthwith cause to be held as promptly as possible, and in any event
within sixty (60) days, a meeting of such holders for the purpose of electing
Trustees to fill any existing vacancies in the Board of Trustees, unless such
period is extended by order of the United States Securities and Exchange
Commission.
Notwithstanding the above, whenever and for so long as the Trust is a
participant in or otherwise has in effect a Plan under which the Trust may be
deemed to bear expenses of distributing its shares as that practice is described
in Rule 12b-1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, then the selection and
nomination of the Trustees who are not interested persons of the Trust (as that
term is defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940) shall be, and is,
committed to the discretion of such disinterested Trustees.
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Section 4. PLACE OF MEETINGS AND MEETINGS BY TELEPHONE. All meetings of the
Board of Trustees may be held at any place that has been designated from time to
time by resolution of the Board. In the absence of such a designation, regular
meetings shall be held at the principal executive office of the Trust. With the
exception of meetings at which an Investment Management Agreement, Portfolio
Advisory Agreement or any Distribution Plan adopted pursuant to Rule 12b-1 is
approved by the Board, any meeting, regular or special, may be held by
conference telephone or similar communication equipment, so long as all Trustees
participating in the meeting can hear one another and all such Trustees shall be
deemed to be present in person at the meeting.
Section 5. REGULAR MEETINGS. Regular meetings of the Board of Trustees
shall be held without call at such time as shall from time to time be fixed by
the Board of Trustees. Such regular meetings may be held without notice.
Section 6. SPECIAL MEETINGS. Special meetings of the Board of Trustees for
any purpose or purposes may be called at any time by the Chair of the Board or
the President or any Vice President or the Secretary or any two (2) Trustees.
Notice of the time and place of special meetings shall be delivered
personally or by telephone to each Trustee or sent by first-class mail or
telegram, charges prepaid, addressed to each Trustee at that Trustee's address
as it is shown on the records of the Trust. In case the notice is mailed, it
shall be deposited in the United States mail at least seven (7) calendar days
before the time of the holding of the meeting. In case the notice is delivered
personally or by telephone or to the telegraph company or by express mail or
similar service, it shall be given at least forty-eight (48) hours before the
time of the holding of the meeting. Any oral notice given personally or by
telephone may be communicated either to the Trustees or to a person at the
office of the Trustee whom the person giving the notice has reason to believe
will promptly communicate it to the Trustee. The notice need not specify the
purpose of the meeting or the place if the meeting is to be held at the
principal executive office of the Trust.
Section 7. QUORUM. A majority of the authorized number of Trustees shall
constitute a quorum for the transaction of
8
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business, except to adjourn as provided in Section 10 of this Article III. Every
act or decision done or made by a majority of the Trustees present at a meeting
duly held at which a quorum is present shall be regarded as the act of the Board
of Trustees, subject to the provisions of the Trust's Agreement and Declaration
of Trust. A meeting at which a quorum is initially present may continue to
transact business notwithstanding the withdrawal of Trustees if any action taken
is approved by at least a majority of the required quorum for that meeting.
Section 8. WAIVER OF NOTICE. Notice of any meeting need not be given to any
Trustee who either before or after the meeting signs a written waiver of notice,
a consent to holding the meeting, or an approval of the minutes. The waiver of
notice or consent need not specify the purpose of the meeting. All such waivers,
consents, and approvals shall be filed with the records of the Trust or made a
part of the minutes of the meeting. Notice of a meeting shall also be deemed
given to any Trustee who attends the meeting without protesting before or at its
commencement the lack of notice to that Trustee.
Section 9. ADJOURNMENT. A majority of the Trustees present, whether or not
constituting a quorum, may adjourn any meeting to another time and place.
Section 10. NOTICE OF ADJOURNMENT. Notice of the time and place of holding
an adjourned meeting need not be given unless the meeting is adjourned for more
than forty-eight (48) hours, in which case notice of the time and place shall be
given before the time of the adjourned meeting in the manner specified in
Section 7 of this Article III to the Trustees who were present at the time of
the adjournment.
Section 11. ACTION WITHOUT A MEETING. With the exception of the approval of
an investment management agreement, portfolio advisory agreement, or any
distribution plan adopted pursuant to Rule 12b-1, any action required or
permitted to be taken by the Board of Trustees may be taken without a meeting if
a majority of the members of the Board of Trustees shall individually or
collectively consent in writing to that action. Such action by written consent
shall have the same force and effect as a majority vote of the Board of
Trustees. Such written consent or
9
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consents shall be filed with the minutes of the proceedings of the Board of
Trustees.
Section 12. FEES AND COMPENSATION OF TRUSTEES. Trustees and members of
committees may receive such compensation, if any, for their services and such
reimbursement of expenses as may be fixed or determined by resolution of the
Board of Trustees. This Section 12 shall not be construed to preclude any
Trustee from serving the Trust in any other capacity as an officer, agent,
employee or otherwise and receiving compensation for those services.
Section 13. DELEGATION OF POWER TO OTHER TRUSTEES. Any Trustee may, by
power of attorney, delegate his or her power for a period not exceeding six (6)
months at any one time to any other Trustee or Trustees; provided that in no
case shall fewer than two (2) Trustees personally exercise the powers granted to
the Trustees under the Trust's Agreement and Declaration of Trust except as
otherwise expressly provided herein or by resolution of the Board of Trustees.
Except where applicable law may require a Trustee to be present in person, a
Trustee represented by another Trustee pursuant to such power of attorney shall
be deemed to be present for purposes of establishing a quorum and satisfying the
required majority vote.
ARTICLE IV
COMMITTEES
Section 1. COMMITTEES OF TRUSTEES. The Board of Trustees may by resolution
adopted by a majority of the authorized number of Trustees designate one or more
committees, each consisting of one (1) or more Trustees, to serve at the
pleasure of the Board. The Board may designate one or more Trustees as alternate
members of any committee who may replace any absent member at any meeting of the
committee. Any committee to the extent provided in the resolution of the Board,
shall have the authority of the Board, except with respect to:
(a) the approval of any action which under applicable law also
requires shareholders' approval or approval of the outstanding
shares, or requires approval by a majority of the entire Board
or certain members of said Board;
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(b) the filling of vacancies of the Board of Trustees or in
any committee;
(c) the fixing of compensation of the Trustees for serving
on the Board of Trustees or on any committee;
(d) the amendment or repeal of the Trust's Agreement and
Declaration of Trust or of the By-Laws or the adoption of new
By-Laws;
(e) the amendment or repeal of any resolution of the Board of
Trustees which by its express term is not so amendable or
repealable;
(f) a distribution to the shareholders of the Trust, except at a
rate or in a periodic amount or within a designated range
determined by the Board of Trustees; or
(g) the appointment of any other committees of the Board of
Trustees or the members of these committees.
Section 2. MEETINGS AND ACTION OF COMMITTEES. Meetings and action of
committees shall be governed by and held and taken in accordance with the
provisions of Article III of these By-Laws, with such changes in the context
thereof as are necessary to substitute the committee and its members for the
Board of Trustees and its members, except that the time of regular meetings of
committees may be determined either by resolution of the Board of Trustees or by
resolution of the committee. Special meetings of committees may also be called
by resolution of the Board of Trustees. Alternate members shall be given notice
of meetings of committees and shall have the right to attend all meetings of
committees. The Baord of Trustees may adopt rules for the government of any
committee not inconsistent with the provisions of these By-Laws.
ARTICLE V
OFFICERS
Section 1. OFFICERS. The officers of the Trust shall be a President, a
Secretary and a Treasurer. The Trust may also have, at the discretion of the
Board of Trustees, a Chairman of the Board, one or more Vice Presidents, one or
more Assistant Secretaries, one or more Assistant Treasurers, and such other
officers as may be appointed in accordance with the provisions of
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Section 3 of this Article V. Any number of offices may be held by the same
person.
Section 2. ELECTION OF OFFICERS. The officers of the Trust, except such
officers as may be appointed in accordance with the provisions of Section 3 or
Sections of this Article V, shall be chosen by the Board of Trustees, and each
shall serve at the pleasure of the Board of Trustees, subject to the rights, if
any, of an officer under any contract of employment.
Section 3. SUBORDINATE OFFICERS. The Board of Trustees may appoint and may
empower the President to appoint such other officers as the business of the
Trust may require, each of whom shall hold office for such period, have such
authority and perform such duties as are provided in these By-Laws or as the
Board of Trustees may from time to time determine.
Section 4. REMOVAL AND RESIGNATION OF OFFICERS. Subject to the rights, if
any, of an officer under any contract of employment, any officer may be removed,
either with or without cause, by the Board of Trustees at any regular or special
meeting of the Board of Trustees or by the principal executive officer or by
such other officer upon whom such power of removal may be conferred by the Board
of Trustees.
Any officer may resign at any time by giving written notice to the Trust.
Any resignation shall take effect at the date of the receipt of that notice or
at any later time specified in that notice; and unless otherwise specified in
that notice, the acceptance of the resignation shall not be necessary to make it
effective. Any resignation is without prejudice to the rights, if any, of the
Trust under any contract to which the officer is a party.
Section 5. VACANCIES IN OFFICES. A vacancy in any office because of death,
resignation, removal, disqualification or other cause shall be filled in the
manner prescribed in these By-Laws for regular appointment to that office. The
President may make temporary appointments to a vacant office pending action by
the Board of Trustees.
Section 6. CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD. The Chairman of the Board, if such an
Officer is elected, shall, if present, preside
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at meetings of the Board of Trustees, subject to the control of the Board of
Trustees, have general supervision, direction and control of the business and
the Officers of the Trust and exercise and perform such other powers and duties
as may be from time to time assigned to him or her by the Board of Trustees or
prescribed by the By-Laws. The Chairman of the Board shall serve as chief
executive officer in the chief executive officer's absence.
Section 7. PRESIDENT. Subject to such supervisory powers, if any, as may be
given by the Board of Trustees to the Chairman of the Board, if there be such an
officer, the President shall, subject to the control of the Board of Trustees
and the Chairman, have general supervision, direction and control of the
business and the officers of the Trust. He or she shall preside at all meetings
of the shareholders and, in the absence of the Chairman of the Board or if there
be none, at all meetings of the Board of Trustees. He or she shall have the
general powers and duties of management usually vested in the offices of
president, chief executive officer and chief operating officer of a corporation
and shall have such other powers and duties as may be prescribed by the Board of
Trustees or these By-Laws.
Section 8. VICE PRESIDENTS. In the absence or disability of the President,
the Vice Presidents, if any, in order of their rank as fixed by the Board of
Trustees or if not ranked, the Executive Vice President (who shall be considered
first ranked) and such other Vice Presidents as shall be designated by the Board
of Trustees, shall perform all the duties of the President and, when so acting,
shall have all powers of and be subject to all the restrictions upon the
President. The Vice Presidents shall have such other powers and perform such
other duties as from time to time may be prescribed for them respectively by the
Board of Trustees or the President or the Chairman of the Board or by these
By-Laws.
Section 9. SECRETARY. The Secretary shall keep or cause to be kept at the
principal executive office of the Trust or such other place as the Board of
Trustees may direct a book of minutes of all meetings and actions of Trustees,
committees of Trustees and shareholders with the time and place of holding,
whether regular or special, and if special, how authorized, the notice given,
the names of those present at Trustees' meetings or
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committee meetings, the number of shares present or represented at shareholders'
meetings, and the proceedings.
The Secretary shall keep or cause to be kept at the principal executive
office of the Trust or at the office of the Trust's transfer agent or registrar,
a share register or a duplicate share register showing the names of all
shareholders and their addresses, the number and classes of shares held by each,
the number and date of certificates issued for the same and the number and date
of cancellation of every certificate surrendered for cancellation.
The Secretary shall give or cause to be given notice of all meetings of the
shareholders and of the Board of Trustees required to be given by these By-Laws
or by applicable law and shall have such other powers and perform such other
duties as may be prescribed by the Board of Trustees or by these By-Laws.
Section 10. TREASURER. The Treasurer shall be the chief financial officer
and chief accounting office of the Trust and shall keep and maintain or cause to
be kept and maintained adequate and correct books and records of accounts of the
properties and business transactions of the Trust, including accounts of its
assets, liabilities, receipts, disbursements, gains, losses, capital, retained
earnings and shares. The books of account shall at all reasonable times be open
to inspection by any Trustee.
The Treasurer shall deposit all monies and other valuables in the name and
to the credit of the Trust with such depositaries as may be designated by the
Board of Trustees. The treasurer shall disburse the funds of the Trust as may be
ordered by the Board of Trustees, shall render to the President and Trustees,
whenever they request it, an account of all of his or her transactions as chief
financial officer and of the financial condition of the Trust and shall have
other powers and perform such other duties as may be prescribed by the Board of
Trustees or these By-Laws.
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ARTICLE VI
INDEMNIFICATION OF TRUSTEES OFFICERS
EMPLOYEES AND OTHER AGENTS
Section 1. AGENTS, PROCEEDINGS AND EXPENSES. For the purpose of this
Article, "agent" means any person who is or was a Trustee, officer, employee or
other agent of this Trust or is or was serving at the request of this Trust as a
Trustee, director, officer, employee or agent of another foreign or domestic
corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise or was a
Trustee, director, officer, employee or agent of a foreign or domestic
corporation that was a predecessor of another enterprise at the request of such
predecessor entity; "proceeding" means any threatened, pending or completed
action or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative;
and "expenses" includes, without limitation, attorney's fees and any expenses of
establishing a right to indemnification under this Article.
Section 2. ACTIONS OTHER THAN BY TRUST. This Trust shall indemnify any
person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any
proceeding (other than an action by or in the right of this Trust) by reason of
the fact that such person is or was an agent of this Trust, against expenses,
judgments, fines, settlements and other amounts actually and reasonably incurred
in connection with such proceeding, if it is determined that person acted in
good faith and reasonably believed: (a) in the case of conduct in his or her
official capacity as a Trustee of the Trust, that his or her conduct was in the
Trust's best interests and (b) in all other cases, that his or her conduct was
at least not opposed to the Trust's best interests and (c) in the case of a
criminal proceeding, that he or she had no reasonable cause to believe the
conduct of that person was unlawful. The termination of any proceeding by
judgment, order, settlement, conviction or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its
equivalent shall not of itself create a presumption that the person did not act
in good faith and in a manner which the person reasonably believed to be in the
best interests of this Trust or that the person had reasonable cause to believe
that the person's conduct was unlawful.
Section 3. ACTIONS BY THE TRUST. This Trust shall indemnify any person who
was or is a party or is threatened to be
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made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action by or in the right
of this Trust to procure a judgment in its favor by reason of the fact that that
person is or was an agent of this Trust, against expenses actually and
reasonably incurred by that person in connection with the defense or settlement
of that action if that person acted in good faith, in a manner that person
believed to be in the best interests of this Trust and with such care, including
reasonable inquiry, as an ordinarily prudent person in a like position would use
under similar circumstances.
Section 4. EXCLUSION OF INDEMNIFICATION. Notwithstanding any provision to
the contrary contained herein, there shall be no right to indemnification for
any liability arising by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross
negligence, or the reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of
the agent's office with this Trust.
No indemnification shall be made under Sections 2 or 3 of this Article:
(a) In respect of any claim, issue or matter as to which that
person shall have been adjudged to be liable on the basis that
personal benefit was improperly received by him or her,
whether or not the benefit resulted from an action taken in
the person's official capacity; or
(b) In respect of any claim, issue or matter as to which
that person shall have been adjudged to be liable in
the performance of that person's duty to this Trust,
unless and only to the extent that the court in which
that action was brought shall determine upon
application that in view of all the circumstances of
the case, that person was not liable by reason of the
disabling conduct set forth in the preceding paragraph
and is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for
the expenses which the court shall determine; or
(c) Of amounts paid in settling or otherwise disposing of a
threatened or pending action, with or without court approval,
or of expenses incurred in defending a threatened or pending
action that is settled or otherwise disposed of without court
approval, unless
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the required approval set forth in Section 6 of this
Article is obtained.
Section 5. SUCCESSFUL DEFENSE BY AGENT. To the extent that an agent of this
Trust has been successful on the merits in defense of any proceeding referred to
in Sections 2 or 3 of this Article or in defense of any claim, issue or matter
therein, before the court or other body before whom the proceeding was brought,
the agent shall be indemnified against expenses actually and reasonably incurred
by the agent in connection therewith, provided that the Board of Trustees,
including a majority who are disinterested, non-party Trustees, also determines
that, based upon a review of the facts, the agent was not liable by reason of
the disabling conduct referred to in Section 4 of this Article.
Section 6. REQUIRED APPROVAL. Except as provided in Section 5 of this
Article, any indemnification under this Article shall be made by this Trust only
if authorized in the specific case on a determination that indemnification of
the agent is proper in the circumstances because the agent has met the
applicable standard of conduct set forth in Sections 2 or 3 of this Article and
is not prohibited from indemnification because of the disabling conduct set
forth in Section 4 of this Article, by:
(a) a majority vote of a quorum consisting of Trustees who are not
parties to the proceeding and are not interested persons of
the Trust (as defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940);
or
(b) a written opinion by an independent legal counsel.
Section 7. ADVANCE OF EXPENSES. Expenses incurred in defending any
proceeding may be advanced by this Trust before the final disposition of the
proceeding upon (a) receipt of a written affirmation by the Trustee of his or
her good faith belief that he or she has met the standard of conduct necessary
for indemnification under this Article and a written undertaking by or on behalf
of the agent, such undertaking being an unlimited general obligation to repay
the amount of the advance if it is ultimately determined that he has not met
those requirements, and (b) a determination that the facts then known to those
making the determination would not preclude indemnification under this
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Article. Determinations and authorizations of payments under this Section must
be made in the manner specified in Section 6 of this Article for determining
that the indemnification is permissible.
Section 8. OTHER CONTRACTUAL RIGHTS. Nothing contained in this Article
shall affect any right to indemnification to which persons other than Trustees
and officers of this Trust or any subsidiary hereof may be entitled by contract
or otherwise.
Section 9. LIMITATIONS. No indemnification or advance shall be made under
this Article, except as provided in Sections 5 or 6 in any circumstances where
it appears:
(a) that it would be inconsistent with a provision of the
Trust's Agreement and Declaration of Trust, a
resolution of the shareholders of the Trust, or an
agreement in effect at the time of accrual of the
alleged cause of action asserted in the proceeding in
which the expenses were incurred or other amounts were
paid which prohibits or otherwise limits
indemnification; or
(b) that it would be inconsistent with any condition expressly
imposed by a court in approving a settlement.
Section 10. INSURANCE. Upon and in the event of a determination by the
Board of Trustees of this Trust to purchase such insurance, this Trust shall
purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any agent of this Trust against any
liability asserted against or incurred by the agent in such capacity or arising
out of the agent's status as such, but only to the extent that this Trust would
have the power to indemnify the agent against that liability under the
provisions of this Article and the Trust's Agreement and Declaration of Trust.
Section 11. FIDUCIARIES OF EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN. This Article VI does not
apply to any proceeding against any Trustee, investment manager or other
fiduciary of an employee benefit plan in that person's capacity as such, even
though that person may also be an agent of this Trust as defined in Section 1 of
this Article VI. Nothing contained in this Article VI shall limit any right to
indemnification to which such a Trustee, investment
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manager, or other fiduciary may be entitled by contractor, otherwise which shall
be enforceable to the extent permitted by applicable law other than this Article
VI.
ARTICLE VII
RECORDS AND REPORTS
Section 1. MAINTENANCE AND INSPECTION OF SHARE REGISTER. This Trust shall
keep at its principal executive office or at the office of its transfer agent or
registrar, if either be appointed and as determined by resolution of the Board
of Trustees, a record of its shareholders, giving the names and addresses of all
shareholders and the number, series and, where applicable, class of shares held
by each shareholder.
Section 2. MAINTENANCE AND INSPECTION OF BY-LAWS. The Trust shall keep at
its principal executive office the original or a copy of these By-Laws as
amended from time to time, which shall be open to inspection by the shareholders
at all reasonable times during office hours.
Section 3. MAINTENANCE AND INSPECTION OF OTHER RECORDS. The accounting
books and records and minutes of proceedings of the shareholders and the Board
of Trustees and any committee or committees of the Board of Trustees shall be
kept at such place or places designated by the Board of Trustees or in the
absence of such designation, at the principal executive office of the Trust. The
minutes shall be kept in written form, and the accounting books and records
shall be kept either in written form or in any other form capable of being
converted into written form. The minutes and accounting books and records shall
be open to inspection upon the written demand of any shareholder or holder of a
voting trust certificate at any reasonable time during usual business hours of
the Trust for a purpose reasonably related to the holder's interests as a
shareholder or as the holder of a voting trust certificate. The inspection may
be made in person or by an agent or attorney and shall include the right to copy
and make extracts.
Section 4. INSPECTION BY TRUSTEES. Every Trustee shall have the absolute
right at any reasonable time to inspect all books, records and documents of
every kind as well as the
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physical properties of the Trust. This inspection by a Trustee may be made in
person or by an agent or attorney, and the right of inspection includes the
right to copy and make extracts of documents.
Section 5. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS. A copy of any financial statements and any
income statement of the Trust for each quarterly period of each fiscal year and
accompanying balance sheet of the Trust as of the end of each such period that
has been prepared by the Trust shall be kept on file in the principal executive
office of the Trust for at least twelve (12) months, and each such statement
shall be exhibited at all reasonable times to any shareholder demanding an
examination of any such statement or a copy shall be mailed to any such
shareholder.
The quarterly income statements and balance sheets referred to in this
Section shall be accompanied by the report, if any, of any independent
accountants engaged by the Trust or the certificate of an authorized officer of
the Trust that the financial statements were prepared without audit from the
books and records of the Trust.
ARTICLE VIII
GENERAL MATTERS
Section 1. CHECKS, DRAFTS, EVIDENCE OF INDEBTEDNESS. All checks, drafts or
other orders for payment of money, notes or other evidences of indebtedness
issued in the name of or payable to the Trust shall be signed or endorsed in
such manner and by such person or persons as shall be designated from time to
time in accordance with the resolution of the Board of Trustees.
Section 2. CONTRACTS AND INSTRUMENTS; HOW EXECUTED. The Board of Trustees,
except as otherwise provided in these By-Laws, may authorize any officer or
officers, agent or agents, to enter into any contract or execute any instrument
in the name of and on behalf of the Trust and this authority may be general or
confined to specific instances; and unless so authorized or ratified by the
Board of Trustees or within the agency power of an officer, no officer, agent or
employee shall have any power or authority to bind the Trust by any contract or
engagement, to pledge its credit or to render it liable for any purpose or for
any amount.
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Section 3. CERTIFICATES FOR SHARES. A certificate or certificates for
shares of beneficial interest in any series of the Trust may be issued to a
shareholder upon the shareholders request when such shares are fully paid. All
certificates shall be signed in the name of the Trust by the Chair of the Board
or the President or Vice President and by the Treasurer or an Assistant
Treasurer or the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary, certifying the number of
shares and the series of shares owned by the shareholders. Any or all of the
signatures on the certificate may be facsimile. In case any officer, transfer
agent or registrar who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been placed
on a certificate shall have ceased to be that officer, transfer agent or
registrar before that certificate is issued, it may be issued by the Trust with
the same effect as if that person were an officer, transfer agent or registrar
at the date of issue. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Trust may adopt and use
a system of issuance, recordation and transfer of its shares by electronic or
other means.
Section 4. LOST CERTIFICATES. Except as provided in this Section 4, no new
certificate for shares shall be issued to replace an old certificate unless the
latter is surrendered to the Trust and canceled at the same time. The Board of
Trustees may in case any share certificate or certificate for any other security
is lost, stolen or destroyed, authorize the issuance of a replacement
certificate on such terms and conditions as the Board of Trustees may require,
including a provision for indemnification of the Trust secured by a bond or
other adequate security sufficient to protect the Trust against any claim that
may be made against it, including any expense or liability on account of the
alleged loss, theft or destruction of the certificate or the issuance of the
replacement certificate.
Section 5. REPRESENTATION OF SHARES OF OTHER ENTITIES HELD BY THE TRUST.
The Chair of the Board, the President, any Vice President or any other person
authorized by resolution of the Board of Trustees or by any of the foregoing
designated officers, is authorized to vote or represent on behalf of the Trust
any and all shares of any corporation, partnership, trusts or other entities,
foreign or domestic, standing the name of the Trust. The authority granted may
be exercised in person or by a proxy duly executed by such designated person.
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Section 6. FISCAL YEAR. The fiscal year of the Trust shall be fixed and
refixed or changed from time to time by resolution of the Trustees. The fiscal
year of the Trust shall be the taxable year of each Series of the Trust.
ARTICLE IX
AMENDMENTS
Section 1. AMENDMENT BY SHAREHOLDERS. These By-Laws may be amended or
repealed by the affirmative vote or written consent of a majority of the
outstanding shares entitled to vote, except as otherwise provided by applicable
law or by the Trust's Agreement and Declaration of Trust or these By-Laws.
Section 2. AMENDMENT BY TRUSTEES. Subject to the right of shareholders as
provided in Section 1 of this Article IX to adopt, amend or repeal By-Laws, and
except as otherwise provided by applicable law or by the Trust's Agreement and
Declaration of Trust, these By-Laws may be adopted, amended or repealed by the
Board of Trustees.
Section 3. INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE INTO AGREEMENT AND DECLARATION OF
TRUST OF THE TRUST. These By-Laws and any amendments thereto shall be
incorporated by reference to the Trust's Agreement and Declaration of Trust.
22
FORM OF
CUSTODIAN AGREEMENT
THE TIP INSTITUTIONAL FUNDS
This agreement dated as of the 1st day of January 1998 by and between the
TIP Institutional Funds (the "Trust"), a business trust duly organized
under the laws of the State of Delaware and First Union National Bank (the
"Bank").
WHEREAS, the Trust desires to appoint the Bank to act as Custodian of its
portfolio securities, cash and other property from time to time deposited with
or collected by the Bank for the Trust;
WHEREAS, the Bank is qualified and authorized to act as custodian for the
Trust and the separate series thereof (each a "Fund" and collectively, the
"Funds"), and is willing to act in such capacity upon the terms and conditions
herein set forth;
NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and of the mutual covenants
herein contained, the parties hereto, intending to be legally bound, do hereby
agree as follows:
SECTION 1. The terms as defined in this Section wherever used in this Agreement,
or in any amendment or supplement hereto, shall have meanings herein specified
unless the context otherwise requires.
CUSTODIAN: The term Custodian shall mean the Bank in its capacity as Custodian
under this Agreement.
DEPOSITORY: The term Depository means any depository service which acts as a
system for the central handling of securities where all securities of any
particular class or series of an issuer deposited within the system are treated
as fungible and may be transferred by bookkeeping entry without physical
delivery.
PROPER INSTRUCTIONS: For purposes of this Agreement, the Custodian shall be
deemed to have received Proper Instructions upon receipt of written (including
instructions received by means of computer terminals of facsimile
transmissions), telephone or telegraphic instructions from a person or persons
authorized from time to time by the Trustees of the Trust to give the particular
class of instructions. Telephone or telegraphic instructions shall be confirmed
in writing by such persons as said Trustees shall have from time to time
authorized to give the particular class of instructions in question. The
Custodian may act upon telephone or telegraphic instructions without awaiting
receipt of written confirmation, and shall not be liable for the Trust's failure
to confirm such instructions in writing.
<PAGE>
SECURITIES: The term Securities means stocks, bonds, rights, warrants and all
other negotiable or non-negotiable paper issued in certificated or book-entry
form commonly known as "Securities" in banking custom or practice.
SHAREHOLDERS: The term Shareholders shall mean the registered owners from time
to time of the Shares of the Trust in accordance with the registry records
maintained by the Trust or against on its behalf.
SECTION 2. The Trust hereby appoints the Custodian as Custodian of the Trust's
cash. Securities and other property, to be held by the Custodian as provided in
this Agreement. The Custodian hereby accepts such appointment subject to the
terms and conditions hereinafter provided. The Bank shall open a separate
custodial account in the name of the Trust on the books and records of the Bank
to hold the Securities of the Trust deposited with, transferred to or collected
by the Bank for the account of each Fund of the Trust, and a separate cash
account to which the Bank shall credit monies received by the Bank for the
account of or from each Fund of the Trust. Such cash shall be segregated from
the assets of others and shall be and remain the sole property of the Trust.
SECTION 3. The Trust shall from time to time file with the Custodian a certified
copy of each resolution of its Board of Trustees authorizing the person or
persons to give Proper Instructions and specifying the class of instructions
that may be given by each person to the Custodian under this Agreement, together
with certified signatures of such persons authorized to sign, which shall
constitute conclusive evidence of the authority of the officers and signatories
designated therein to act, and shall be considered in full force and effect with
the Custodian fully protected in acting in reliance thereon until it receives
written notice to the contrary; provided, however, that if the certifying
officer is authorized to give Proper Instructions, the certification shall be
also signed by the second officer of the Trust.
SECTION 4. The Trust will cause to be deposited with the Custodian hereunder the
applicable net asset vale of Shares sold from time to time whether representing
initial issue, other stock or reinvestments of dividends and/or distributions
payable to Shareholders.
SECTION 5. The Bank, acting as agent for the Trust, is authorized, directed and
instructed subject to the further provisions of this Agreement.
(a) to hold Securities issued only in bearer form;
(b) to register in the name of the nominee of the Bank,
the Bank's Depositories, or sub-custodians, (i)
Securities issued only in registered form, and (ii)
Securities issued in both bearer and registered form,
which are freely interchangeable without penalty;
<PAGE>
(c) to deposit any securities which are eligible for
deposit (i) with any domestic or foreign Depository
on such terms and conditions as such Depository may
require, including provisions for limitation or
exclusion of liability on the part of the Depository;
and (ii) with any sub-custodian which the Bank uses,
including any subsidiary or affiliate of the Bank;
(d) (i) to credit for the account of the Trust all proceeds
received and payable on or in respect of the assets
maintained hereunder,
(ii) to debit the account of the Trust for the
cost of acquiring Securities the Bank has
received for the Trust, against delivery of
such Securities to the Bank,
(iii) to present for payment Securities and other
obligations (including coupons) upon
maturity, when called for redemption, and
when income payments are due, and
(iv) to make exchanges of Securities which, in
the Bank's opinion, are purely ministerial
as, for example, the exchange of Securities
in temporary form for Securities in
definitive form or the mandatory exchange of
certificates;
(e) to forward to the Trust, and/or any other person
designated by the Trust, all proxies and proxy
materials received by the Bank in connection with
Securities held int he Trust's account, which have
been registered in the name of the Bank's nominee, or
are being held by any Depository, or sub-custodian,
on behalf of the Bank;
(f) to sell any fractional interest of any Securities
which the Bank has received resulting from any stock
dividend, stock split, distribution, exchange,
conversion or similar activity;
(g) to release the Trust's name, address and aggregate
share position to the issuers of any domestic
Securities in the account of the Trust, provided any
such information to any issuer;
(h) to endorse and collect all checks, drafts or other
orders for the payment of money received by the Bank
for the account of or from the Trust;
(i) at the direction of the Trust, to enroll designated
Securities belonging to the Trust and held hereunder
in a program for the automatic reinvestment of all
income and capital gains distributions on those
Securities in new shares (an "Automatic Reinvestment
Program"), or instruct any
<PAGE>
Depository holding such Securities to enroll those
Securities in any Automatic Reinvestment Program;
(j) at the direction of the Trust, to receive, deliver and
transfer Securities and make payments and collections of
monies in connection therewith, enter purchase and sale
orders and perform any other acts incidental or necessary to
the performance of the above acts with brokers, dealers or
similar agents selected by the Trust, including any broker,
dealer or similar agent affiliated with the Bank, for the
account and risk of the Trust in accordance with accepted
industry practice in the relevant market, provided, however,
if it is determined that any certificated Securities
transferred to a Depository or sub-custodian, the Bank, or
the Bank's nominee, the Bank's sole responsibility for such
Securities under this Agreement shall be to safekeep the
Securities in accordance with Section 11 hereof; and
(k) to notify the Trust and/or any other person designated by
the Trust upon receipt of notice by the Bank of any call for
redemption, tender offer, subscription rights, merger,
consolidation, reorganization or recapitalization for which
(i) appears in The Wall Street Journal (New York edition),
The Standard & Poor's Called Bond Record for Preferred
Stocks, Financial Daily Called Bond Service, JJ Kenny
Services, any official notifications from The Depository
Trust Company and such other publications or services to
which the Bank may from time to time subscribe, (ii)
requires the Bank to act in response thereto, and (iii)
pertain to Securities belonging to the Trust and held
hereunder which have been registered in the name of the
Bank's nominee or are being held by a Depository or
sub-custodian on behalf of the Bank. Notwithstanding
anything contained herein to the contrary, the Trust shall
have the sole responsibility for monitoring the applicable
dates on which Securities with put option features must be
exercised. All solicitation fees payable to the Bank as
agent in connection herewith will be retained by the Bank
unless expressly agreed to the contrary in writing by the
Bank.
Notwithstanding anything in this Section to the contrary, the Bank is authorized
to hold Securities for the Trust which have transfer limitations imposed upon
them by the Securities Act of 1993, as amended, or represent shares of mutual
funds (i) in the name of the Trust, (ii) in the name of the Bank's nominee, or
(iii) with any Depository or sub-custodian.
SECTION 6. The Custodian's compensation shall be as set forth in Schedule A
hereto attached, or as shall be set forth in amendments to such
schedule approved by the Trust and to the extent such
compensation relates to services provided hereunder to such Fund.
All expenses and taxes payable with respect to the Securities in
the account
<PAGE>
of the Trust including, without limitation, commission charges on
purchases and sales and the amount of any loss or liability for
stockholders' assessments or otherwise, claimed or asserted
against the bank or against the Bank's nominee by reason of any
registration hereunder shall be charged to the Trust.
SECTION 7. In connection with its functions under this Agreement, the
Custodian shall:
(a) render to the Trust a daily report of all monies received or
paid on behalf of the Trust; and
(b) create, maintain and retain all records relating to its
activities and obligations under this Agreement in such
manner as will meet the obligations of the Trust with
respect to said Custodian's activities in accordance with
generally accepted accounting principles. All records
maintained by the Custodian in connection with the
performance of its duties under this Agreement will remain
the property of the Trust and in the event of termination of
this Agreement will be relinquished to the Trust.
SECTION 8. Any Securities deposited with any Depository or with any
sub-custodian will be represented in accounts in the name of the Bank which
include only property held by the Bank as Custodian for customers in which the
Bank acts in a fiduciary or agency capacity.
Should any Securities which are forwarded to the Bank by the Trust, and which
are subsequently deposited to the Bank's account in any Depository or with any
sub-custodian, or which the Trust may arrange to deposit in the Bank's account
in any Depository or with any sub-custodian, not be deemed acceptable for
deposit by such Depository or sub-custodian, for any reason, and as a result
thereof there is a short position in the account of the Bank with the Depository
for such Security, the Trust agrees to furnish the Bank immediately with like
Securities in acceptable form.
SECTION 9. The Trust represents and warrants that: (i) it has the legal right,
power and authority to execute, deliver and perform this Agreement and to carry
out all of the transactions contemplated hereby; (ii) it has obtained all
necessary authorizations; (iii) the execution, delivery and performance of this
Agreement and the carrying out of any of the transactions contemplated hereby
will not be in conflict with, result in a breach of or constitute a default
under any agreement or other instrument to which the Trust is a party or which
is otherwise known to the Trust; (iv) it does not require the consent or
approval of any governmental agency or instrumentality, except any such consents
and approvals which the Trust has obtained; (v) the execution and delivery of
this Agreement by the Trust will not violate any law, regulation, charter,
by-law, order of any court or governmental agency or judgment applicable to the
Trust; and (vi) all persons executing this Agreement on behalf of the Trust and
carrying out the transactions contemplated hereby on behalf of the Trust are
duly authorized to do so.
<PAGE>
In the event any of the foregoing representations should become untrue,
incorrect or misleading, the Trust agrees to notify the Bank immediately in
writing thereof.
SECTION 10. The Bank represents and warrants that: (i) it has the legal right,
power and authority to execute, deliver and perform this Agreement and to carry
out all of the transactions contemplated hereby; (ii) it has obtained all
necessary authorizations; (iii) the execution, delivery and performance of this
Agreement and the carrying out of any of the transactions contemplated hereby
will not be in conflict with, result in a breach of or constitute a default
under any agreement or other instrument to which the Bank is a party or which is
otherwise known to the Bank; (iv) it does not require the consent or approval of
any governmental agency or instrumentality, except any such consents and
approvals which the Bank has obtained; (v) the execution and delivery of this
Agreement by the Bank will not violate any law, regulation, charter, by-law,
order of any court or governmental agency or judgment applicable to the Bank;
and (vi) all persons executing this Agreement on behalf of the bank are duly
authorized to do so. In the event that any of the foregoing representations
should become untrue, incorrect or misleading, the Bank agrees to notify the
Trust immediately in writing thereof.
SECTION 11. All cash and Securities held by the Bank hereunder shall be kept
with the care exercised as to the Bank's own similar property. The Bank may at
its option insure itself against loss from any cause but shall be under no
obligation to insure for the benefit of the Trust.
SECTION 12. No liability of any kind shall be attached to or incurred by the
Custodian by reason of its custody of the Trust's assets held by it from time to
time under this Agreement, or otherwise by reason of its position as Custodian
hereunder except only for its own negligence, bad faith, or willful misconduct
in the performance of its duties as specifically set forth in the Custodian
Agreement. Without limiting the generality of the Foregoing sentence, the
Custodian:
(a) may rely upon the advice of counsel for the Trust; and for any
action taken or suffered in good faith based upon such advice
or statements the Custodian shall not be liable to anyone;
(b) shall not be liable for anything done or suffered to be done
in good faith in accordance with any request or advice of, or
based upon information furnished by, the Trust or its
authorized officers or agents;
(c) is authorized to accept a certificate of the Secretary or
Assistant Secretary of the Trust, or Proper Instructions, to
the effect that a resolution in the form submitted has been
duly adopted by its Board of Trustees or by the Shareholders,
as conclusive evidence that such resolution has been duly
adopted and is in full force and effect; and
(d) may rely and shall be protected in acting upon any signature,
written (including telegraph or other mechanical)
instructions, request, letter of transmittal,
<PAGE>
certificate, opinion of counsel, statement, instrument,
report, notice, consent, order, or other paper or document
reasonably believed by it to be genuine and to have been
signed, forwarded or presented by the purchaser, Trust or
other proper party or parties.
SECTION 13. The Trust, its successors and assigns do hereby fully indemnify and
hold harmless the Custodian, its successors and assigns, from any and all loss,
liability, claims, demand, actions, suits and expenses of any nature as the same
may arise from the failure of the Trust to comply with any law, rule, regulation
or order of the United States, any state or any other jurisdiction, governmental
authority, body, or board relating to the sale, registration, qualification of
units of beneficial interest in the Trust, or from the failure of the Trust to
perform any duty or obligation under this Agreement.
Upon written request of the Custodian, the Trust shall assume the entire defense
of any claim subject to the foregoing indemnity, or the joint defense with the
Custodian of such claim, as the Custodian shall request. The indemnities and
defense provisions of this Section 13 shall indefinitely survive termination of
this Agreement.
SECTION 14. This Agreement may be amended from time to time without notice to or
approval of the Shareholders by a supplemental agreement executed by the Trust
and the Bank and amending and supplementing this Agreement in the manner
mutually agreed.
SECTION 15. Either the Trust or the Custodian may give ninety (90) days' written
notice to the other of the termination of this Agreement, such termination to
take effect at the time specified in the notice. In case such notice of
termination is given either by the Trust or by the Custodian, the Trustees of
the Trust shall, by resolution duly adopted, promptly appoint a successor
Custodian (the "Successor Custodian") which Successor Custodian shall be a bank,
trust company, or a bank and trust company in good standing, with legal capacity
to accept custody of the cash and Securities of a mutual fund. Upon receipt of
written notice from the Trust of the appointment of such Successor Custodian and
upon receipt of Proper Instructions, the Custodian shall deliver such cash and
Securities as it may then be holding hereunder directly and only to the
Successor Custodian. Unless or until a Successor Custodian has been appointed as
above provided, the Custodian then acting shall continue to act as Custodian
under this Agreement.
Every Successor Custodian appointed hereunder shall execute and deliver an
appropriate written acceptance of its appointment and shall thereupon become
vested with the rights, powers, obligations and custody of its predecessor
Custodian. The Custodian ceasing to act shall nevertheless, upon request of the
Trust and the Successor Custodian and upon payment of its charges and
disbursements, execute and instrument in form approved by its counsel
transferring to the Successor Custodian all the predecessor Custodian's rights,
duties, obligations and custody.
<PAGE>
Subject to the provisions of Section 21 hereof, in case the Custodian shall
consolidate with or merge into any other corporation, the corporation remaining
after or resulting from such consolidation or merger shall ipso facto without
the execution of filing of any papers or other documents, succeed to and be
substituted for the Custodian with like effect as though originally named as
such, PROVIDED, HOWEVER, in every case that said Successor corporation maintains
the qualifications set out in Section 17(f) of the Investment Company Act of
1940, as amended.
SECTION 16. This Agreement shall take effect when assets of the Trust are first
delivered to the Custodian.
SECTION 17. This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, each of
which when so executed shall be deemed to be an original, but such counterparts
shall together constitute but one and the same instrument.
SECTION 18. A copy of the Declaration of Trust of the Trust is on file with the
Secretary of State of Delaware, and notice is hereby given that this instrument
is executed on behalf of the Trustees of the Trust as Trustees and not
individually and that the obligations of this instrument are not binding upon
any of the Trustees, officers of Shareholders of the Trust individually, but
binding only upon the assets and property of the Trust. No Fund of the Trust
shall be liable for the obligations of any other Fund of the Trust.
SECTION 19. The Custodian shall create and maintain all records relating to its
activities and obligations under this Agreement in such manner as will meet the
obligations of the Trust under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended,
with particular attention to Section 31 thereof and Rules 31a-1 and 31a-2
thereunder, applicable Federal and state tax laws and any other law or
administrative rules or procedures which may be applicable to the Trust.
Subject to security requirements of the Custodian applicable to its own
employees having access to similar records within the Custodian, the books and
records of the Custodian pertaining to this Agreement shall be open to
inspection and audit at any reasonable times by officers of, attorneys for, and
auditors employed by, the Trust.
SECTION 20. Any sub-custodian appointed hereunder shall be qualified under
Section 17(f) of the 1940 Act and will perform its duties in accordance with the
requirements of this Agreement.
SECTION 21. Nothing contained in this Agreement is intended to or shall require
the Custodian in any capacity hereunder to perform any functions or duties on
any holiday or other day of special observance on which the Custodian is closed.
Functions or duties normally scheduled to be performed on such days shall be
performed on, and as of, the next business day the Custodian is open.
SECTION 22. This Agreement shall extend to and shall be binding upon the parties
hereto and their respective successors and assigns; provided, however, that this
Agreement shall not be
<PAGE>
assignable by the Trust without the written consent of the Custodian, or by the
Custodian without the written consent of the Trust, authorized or approved by a
resolution of its Board of Trustees.
SECTION 23. All communications (other than Proper Instructions which are to be
furnished hereunder to either party, or under any amendment hereto, shall be
sent by mail to the address listed below, provided that in the event that the
Bank, in its sole discretion, shall determine that an emergency exists, the Bank
may use such other means of communications as the Bank deems advisable.
To the Trust: TIP Institutional Funds
c/o SEI Investments
1 Freedom Valley Drive
Oaks, PA 19456
To the Bank: First Union National Bank
530 Walnut Street
Philadelphia, PA 19101-7618
SECTION 20. This Agreement, and any amendments hereto, shall be governed,
construed and interpreted in accordance with the laws of The Commonwealth of
Pennsylvania applicable to agreements made and to be performed entirely within
such Commonwealth.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Trust and the Custodian have caused this Agreement to be
signed by their respective officers as of the day and year first written above.
By: THE TIP INSTITUTIONAL FUNDS
----------------------------------
Name:
Title:
By: FIRST UNION NATIONAL BANK
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Name: Paul T. Cahill
Title: Vice President
CONSENT OF ERNST & YOUNG LLP, INDEPENDENT AUDITORS
We consent to the references to our firm under the captions "Financial
Highlights" in the Prospectus and "Financial Statements" in the Statements of
Additional information in this Post Effective Amendment No. 8 to the
Registration Statement (Form N-1A) (No. 333/70958) of the TIP Institutional
Funds.
Ernst & Young LLP
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
November 23, 1998
