NEUROBIOLOGICAL TECHNOLOGIES INC /CA/
S-8, 1996-12-20
BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTS, (NO DIAGNOSTIC SUBSTANCES)
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   As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 20, 1996.

                                                            File No. 333-_______
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

                       SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
                             Washington, D.C. 20549

                                    FORM S-8


                             REGISTRATION STATEMENT
                                      UNDER
                           THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933


                       NEUROBIOLOGICAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
             (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

           Delaware                                         94-3049219          
- --------------------------------                       ----------------------
(State or other jurisdiction of                          (I.R.S. Employer       
incorporation or organization)                         Identification Number)
                                
                                
    1387 Marina Way South                                             
    Richmond, California                                        94804  
- --------------------------------                       ----------------------
    (Address of Principal                                     (Zip Code)
     Executive Offices)

                         
             AMENDED AND RESTATED NEUROBIOLOGICAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
             -------------------------------------------------------
                          EMPLOYEE STOCK PURCHASE PLAN
                          ----------------------------
                            (Full title of the plan)


                                                         Copy to:               
            JEFFREY S. PRICE                       THOMAS E. SPARKS, JR.        
  President and Chief Executive Officer               JOHN L. DONAHUE           
             NEUROBIOLOGICAL                          SALLY BRAMMELL            
           TECHNOLOGIES, INC.                    PILLSBURY MADISON & SUTRO      
          1387 Marina Way South                    Post Office Box 7880         
       Richmond, California 94804             San Francisco, California 94120   
             (510) 215-8000                           (415) 983-1000
- ----------------------------------------      -------------------------------
      (Name, address and telephone                                              
      number, including area code,                                              
          of agent for service)                                                 
                                        
<TABLE>

                                              CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<CAPTION>
                                                          Proposed Maximum             Proposed Maximum
   Title of Securities           Amount To Be            Offering Price Per           Aggregate Offering               Amount of
    To Be Registered              Registered                  Share(1)                     Price(1)                Registration Fee
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S>                                  <C>                       <C>                         <C>                          <C>
Common Stock,
$.01 par value                       50,000 shares             $4.00                       $200,000                     $60.61
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<FN>
(1)       Pursuant to Rule  457(h),  the  registration  fee was  computed on the
          basis of the market value of the Common Stock,  computed in accordance
          with  Rule  457(c)  on the  basis of the  average  of the high and low
          prices  per  share of such  Common  Stock as  reported  on the  Nasdaq
          National Market System on December 19, 1996.
</FN>
</TABLE>

                                ----------------


The Registration Statement shall become effective upon filing in accordance with
Rule 462 under the Securities Act of 1933.

- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------


<PAGE>



                        INFORMATION REQUIRED PURSUANT TO
                        GENERAL INSTRUCTION E TO FORM S-8


General Instruction E Information

         This  Registration   Statement  is  being  filed  for  the  purpose  of
increasing  the number of securities of the same class as other  securities  for
which a  Registration  Statement of the  Registrant  on Form S-8 relating to the
same employee benefit plan is effective.

         Registrant's Form S-8 Registration  Statement filed with the Securities
and  Exchange  Commission  on  February  16,  1994 File No.  33-75392  is hereby
incorporated by reference.


Incorporation of Documents by Reference

         The following  documents  filed by Registrant  with the  Securities and
Exchange   Commission  are  incorporated  by  reference  in  this   Registration
Statement:

         (1) Registrant's  Annual  Report on Form 10-KSB (File No.  0-23280) for
the fiscal year ended June 30, 1996,  which  contains,  among other things,  the
financial  statements  of  Registrant  for the fiscal year ended June 30,  1996,
together with the report thereon of Ernst & Young LLP, independent auditors.

         (2) Registrant's Quarterly Report on Form 10-QSB (File No. 0-23280) for
the quarter ended September 30, 1996.

         (3) The  description  of   Registrant's   common   stock  contained  in
Registrant's Registration Statement on Form 8-A filed January 14, 1994 (File No.
0-23280).

         In addition, all documents subsequently filed by Registrant pursuant to
Section 13(a), 13(c), 14 and 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, prior
to the filing of a post-effective  amendment which indicates that all securities
offered  have been  sold or which  deregisters  all  securities  then  remaining
unsold,  shall be deemed to be  incorporated  by reference in this  registration
statement and to be a part hereof from the date of filing of such documents.



                                       -2-


<PAGE>



                                   SIGNATURES

         Pursuant  to the  requirements  of the  Securities  Act  of  1933,  the
Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all
of  the  requirements  for  filing  on  Form  S-8,  and  has  duly  caused  this
Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned,  thereunto
duly authorized,  in the City of Richmond, State of California,  on December 20,
1996.

                                        NEUROBIOLOGICAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC.


                                        By     /s/ Jeffrey S. Price
                                           -------------------------------------
                                                 Jeffrey S. Price, Ph.D.
                                          President and Chief Executive Officer

<TABLE>

                                POWER OF ATTORNEY

         KNOW  ALL MEN BY THESE  PRESENTS,  that  each  person  whose  signature
appears below  constitutes and appoints Jeffrey S. Price or Shawn K. Johnson his
attorney-in-fact,  with power of substitution for him in any and all capacities,
to sign any  amendments to this  Registration  Statement,  and to file the same,
with exhibits  thereto,  and other documents in connection  therewith,  with the
Securities  and Exchange  Commission,  hereby  ratifying and confirming all that
said attorney-in-fact,  or his substitute or substitutes,  may do or cause to be
done by virtue thereof.

         Pursuant  to the  requirements  of the  Securities  Act of  1933,  this
Registration  Statement  has  been  signed  by  the  following  persons  in  the
capacities and on the date indicated:
<CAPTION>

       Signature                                  Title                        Date
      -----------                                 -----                        ----
<S>                                     <C>                               <C>
/s/ Jeffrey S. Price                    President, Chief Executive        December 20, 1996
- ----------------------------            Officer (Principal Executive      
  Jeffrey S. Price, Ph.D.               Officer) and Director             
                                       

/s/ Shawn K. Johnson                    Director of Finance (Principal    December 20, 1996
- ----------------------------            Financial Officer and            
    Shawn K. Johnson                    Accounting Officer)                                   


/s/ Abraham E. Cohen                    Chairman of the Board            December 20, 1996
- ----------------------------                                              
    Abraham E. Cohen


/s/ Enoch Callaway                      Director                         December 20, 1996
- ----------------------------
 Enoch Callaway, M.D.

                                                


                                       -3-




<PAGE>





- ----------------------------            Director                         December ___, 1996
  Theodore L. Eliot, Jr.                  


/s/ Lawrence G. Mohr, Jr.               Director                         December 20, 1996
- ----------------------------
   Lawrence G. Mohr, Jr.


/s/  John B. Stuppin
- ----------------------------            Director                         December 20, 1996
    John B. Stuppin
                                     

</TABLE>


                                       -4-





<PAGE>



                                INDEX TO EXHIBITS




Exhibit
Number      Exhibit
- -------     -------
5.1         Opinion regarding legality of securities to be offered.
10.1        Amended and Restated Neurobiological Technologies, Inc. Employee
            Stock Purchase Plan
23.1        Consent of Ernst & Young LLP, Independent Auditors
23.2        Consent of Pillsbury Madison & Sutro LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1).
24.1        Power of Attorney (see page 3).







                                                                     EXHIBIT 5.1












                                                               December 20, 1996



Neurobiological Technologies, Inc.
1387 Marina Way South
Richmond, CA 94804


         Re:      Registration Statement on Form S-8


Gentlemen:

         With reference to the Registration Statement on Form S-8 to be filed by
Neurobiological Technologies, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "Company"), with
the  Securities  and  Exchange  Commission  under  the  Securities  Act of 1933,
relating to 50,000 shares of the Company's Common Stock issuable pursuant to the
Amended and Restated Neurobiological Technologies,  Inc. Employee Stock Purchase
Plan (the "Plan"), it is our opinion that such shares of the Common Stock of the
Company,  when  issued  and sold in  accordance  with the Plan  will be  legally
issued, fully paid and nonassessable.

         We hereby consent to the filing of this opinion with the Securities and
Exchange Commission as Exhibit 5.1 to the Registration Statement.

                                                   Very truly yours,








                                                                    EXHIBIT 10.1






                              AMENDED AND RESTATED

                       NEUROBIOLOGICAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

                          EMPLOYEE STOCK PURCHASE PLAN




<PAGE>



                                TABLE OF CONTENTS

                                                                       Page

 SECTION 1.  PURPOSE OF THE PLAN........................................  1

 SECTION 2.  ADMINISTRATION OF THE PLAN.................................  1

 SECTION 3.  ENROLLMENT AND PARTICIPATION...............................  1

 SECTION 4.  EMPLOYEE CONTRIBUTIONS.....................................  2

 SECTION 5.  WITHDRAWAL FROM THE PLAN...................................  3

 SECTION 6.  TERMINATION OF EMPLOYMENT OR DEATH.........................  3

 SECTION 7.  PLAN ACCOUNTS AND PURCHASE OF SHARES.......................  3

 SECTION 8.  LIMITATIONS ON STOCK OWNERSHIP.............................  5

 SECTION 9.  RIGHTS NOT TRANSFERABLE....................................  5

 SECTION 10.  NO RIGHTS AS AN EMPLOYEE..................................  6

 SECTION 11.  NO RIGHTS AS A STOCKHOLDER................................  6

 SECTION 12.  STOCK OFFERED UNDER THE PLAN..............................  6

 SECTION 13.  AMENDMENT OR DISCONTINUANCE...............................  6

 SECTION 14.  DEFINITIONS...............................................  7

 SECTION 15.  EXECUTION.................................................  9



                                       -i-




<PAGE>



                              AMENDED AND RESTATED

                       NEUROBIOLOGICAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

                          EMPLOYEE STOCK PURCHASE PLAN


SECTION 1.  PURPOSE OF THE PLAN.

         The Plan was adopted by the  Company's  Board of  Directors on December
15, 1993, approved by the Company's stockholders in January 1994 and amended and
restated by the  Company's  Board of Directors  on August 22,  1996,  subject to
stockholder approval.

         The  purpose  of the  Plan is to  provide  Eligible  Employees  with an
opportunity to increase their proprietary interest in the success of the Company
by  purchasing  Stock from the  Company on  favorable  terms and to pay for such
purchases  through  payroll  deductions.  The Plan is intended to qualify  under
section 423 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.

SECTION 2.  ADMINISTRATION OF THE PLAN.

         (a) The Committee. The Plan shall be administered by the Committee. The
interpretation and construction by the Committee of any provision of the Plan or
of any right to purchase  Stock granted  under the Plan shall be conclusive  and
binding on all persons.

         (b) Rules and Forms. The Committee may adopt such rules and forms under
the Plan as it considers appropriate.

SECTION 3.  ENROLLMENT AND PARTICIPATION.

         (a)  Offering  Periods.  While the Plan is in effect,  two  overlapping
Offering  Periods shall  commence in each calendar  year.  The Offering  Periods
shall consist of the 24-month periods commencing on each January 1 and July 1.

         (b) Accumulation Periods. While the Plan is in effect, two Accumulation
Periods shall  commence in each calendar year.  The  Accumulation  Periods shall
consist of the six-month periods commencing on each January 1 and July 1.

         (c) Enrollment.  Any individual who, on the day preceding the first day
of an Offering Period,  qualifies as an Eligible  Employee may elect to become a
Participant  in the Plan for such Offering  Period by executing  the  enrollment
form prescribed for this purpose by the Committee.  The enrollment form shall be
filed with the Company not later than

                                       -1-


<PAGE>



one week  prior to the  last  working  day  prior  to the  commencement  of such
Offering Period.

         (d) Duration of Participation. Once enrolled in the Plan, a Participant
shall continue to participate until he or she ceases to be an Eligible Employee,
withdraws from the Plan or reaches the end of the  Accumulation  Period in which
he  or  she   discontinued   contributions.   A  Participant  who   discontinued
contributions  under  Section 4(d) or withdrew  from the Plan under Section 5(a)
may again become a Participant,  if he or she then is an Eligible  Employee,  by
following the procedure described in Subsection (c) above.

         (e)  Applicable  Offering  Period.  For  purposes  of  calculating  the
Purchase  Price under  Section 7(b),  the  applicable  Offering  Period shall be
determined as follows:

                  (i) Once a Participant is enrolled in the Plan for an Offering
         Period,  such  Offering  Period  shall  continue to apply to him or her
         until the earliest of (A) the end of such Offering Period,  (B) the end
         of  his  or  her  participation  under  Subsection  (d)  above  or  (C)
         reenrollment  in a  subsequent  Offering  Period under  Paragraph  (ii)
         below.

                  (ii) In the event that the Fair  Market  Value of Stock on the
         last  trading day before the  commencement  of the  Offering  Period in
         which the  Participant  is enrolled is higher than on the last  trading
         day before the  commencement  of any subsequent  Offering  Period,  the
         Participant  shall  automatically  be re-enrolled  for such  subsequent
         Offering Period.

                  (iii) When a Participant reaches the end of an Offering Period
         but his or her  participation  is to  continue,  then such  Participant
         shall  automatically  be  re-enrolled  for  the  Offering  Period  that
         commences immediately after the end of the prior Offering Period.

SECTION 4.  EMPLOYEE CONTRIBUTIONS.

         (a) Frequency of Payroll Deductions.  A Participant may purchase shares
of  Stock  under  the  Plan  solely  by means  of  payroll  deductions.  Payroll
deductions,  as designated by the Participant  pursuant to Subsection (b) below,
shall occur on each payday during participation in the Plan.

         (b) Amount of Payroll Deductions.  An Eligible Employee shall designate
on the  enrollment  form the portion of his or her  Compensation  that he or she
elects to have withheld for the purchase of Stock. Such portion shall be a whole
percentage  of the Eligible  Employee's  Compensation,  but not less than 1% nor
more than 10%.


                                       -2-




<PAGE>



         (c) Changing  Withholding  Rate. If a Participant  wishes to change the
rate of payroll withholding, he or she may do so by filing a new enrollment form
with the Company not later than one week prior to the last  working day prior to
the  commencement  of the  Accumulation  Period for which  such  change is to be
effective.

         (d)  Discontinuing  Payroll  Deductions.  If a  Participant  wishes  to
discontinue employee contributions entirely, he or she may do so by filing a new
enrollment  form  at any  time.  Payroll  withholding  shall  cease  as  soon as
reasonably practicable after such form has been received by the Company.

SECTION 5.  WITHDRAWAL FROM THE PLAN.

         (a)  Withdrawal.  A Participant  may elect to withdraw from the Plan by
filing the  prescribed  form with the Company at any time before the last day of
an Accumulation Period. As soon as reasonably  practicable  thereafter,  payroll
deductions shall cease and the entire amount credited to the Participant's  Plan
Account shall be refunded to him or her in cash,  without  interest.  No partial
withdrawals shall be permitted.

         (b)  Re-Enrollment  After  Withdrawal.  A former  Partici- pant who has
withdrawn  from the Plan shall not be a Partici- pant until he or she re-enrolls
in the Plan under Section 3(b).

SECTION 6.  TERMINATION OF EMPLOYMENT OR DEATH.

         (a) Termination of Employment. Termination of employment as an Eligible
Employee  for any  reason,  including  death,  shall be treated as an  automatic
withdrawal from the Plan under Section 5(a). (A transfer from one  Participating
Company to another shall not be treated as a termination of employment.)

         (b) Death. In the event of the Participant's death, the amount credited
to his or her Plan Account shall be paid to a  beneficiary  designated by him or
her for this purpose on the  prescribed  form or, if none, to the  Participant's
estate.  Such form shall be valid only if it was filed with the  Company  before
the Participant's death.

SECTION 7.  PLAN ACCOUNTS AND PURCHASE OF SHARES.

         (a) Plan  Accounts.  The Company  shall  maintain a Plan Account on its
books in the name of each  Participant.  Whenever an amount is deducted from the
Participant's  Compensation under the Plan, such amount shall be credited to the
Participant's Plan Account. No interest shall be credited to Plan Accounts.

                                       -3-




<PAGE>




         (b)  Purchase  Price.  The  Purchase  Price  for  each  share  of Stock
purchased at the close of an Accumulation Period shall be the lower of:

                  (i) 85% of the Fair  Market  Value  of such  share on the last
         trading day before the  commencement of the applicable  Offering Period
         (as determined under Section 3(e)); or

                  (ii) 85% of the Fair  Market  Value of such  share on the last
         trading day in such Accumulation Period.

         (c) Number of Shares Purchased. As of the last day of each Accumulation
Period,  each Participant shall be deemed to have elected to purchase the number
of shares of Stock calculated in accordance with this Subsection (c), unless the
Participant has previously  elected to withdraw from the Plan in accordance with
Section 5(a). The amount then in the Participant's Plan Account shall be divided
by the Purchase Price,  and the number of shares that results shall be purchased
from the Company with the funds in the Participant's Plan Account. The foregoing
notwithstanding,  no  Participant  shall  purchase  more than a maximum of 2,500
shares of Stock with respect to any  Accumulation  Period nor shares of Stock in
excess of the  amounts  set forth in  Sections 8 and 12(a).  The  Committee  may
determine  with  respect  to all  Participants  that any  fractional  share,  as
calculated  under this  Subsection  (c), shall be rounded down to the next lower
whole share.

         (d)  Available  Shares  Insufficient.  In the event that the  aggregate
number of shares that all Participants  elect to purchase during an Accumulation
Period  exceeds the maximum  number of shares  remaining  available for issuance
under  Section  12(a),  then the number of shares to which each  Participant  is
entitled shall be determined by multiplying  the number of shares  available for
issuance by a fraction, the numerator of which is the number of shares that such
Participant  has elected to purchase and the  denominator of which is the number
of shares that all Participants have elected to purchase.

         (e) Issuance of Stock.  Certificates  representing  the shares of Stock
purchased by a Participant  under the Plan shall be issued to him or her as soon
as reasonably practicable after the close of the applicable Accumulation Period,
except that the Committee may determine  that such shares shall be held for each
Participant's  benefit  by a broker  designated  by the  Committee  (unless  the
Participant has elected that  certificates be issued to him or her).  Shares may
be  registered  in the name of the  Participant  or  jointly  in the name of the
Participant and his or her spouse as joint tenants with right of survivorship or
as community property.

                                       -4-

<PAGE>




         (f) Unused Cash Balances. An amount remaining in the Participant's Plan
Account that  represents the Purchase  Price for any  fractional  share shall be
carried over in the Participant's Plan Account to the next Accumulation  Period.
Any amount  remaining in the  Participant's  Plan Account  that  represents  the
Purchase  Price for  whole  shares  that  could  not be  purchased  by reason of
Subsection  (c) above or Section 12(a) shall be refunded to the  Participant  in
cash, without interest.

SECTION 8.  LIMITATIONS ON STOCK OWNERSHIP.

         Any other provision of the Plan  notwithstanding,  no Participant shall
be granted a right to purchase Stock under the Plan if:

                  (a) Such Participant, immediately after his or her election to
         purchase  such Stock,  would own stock  possessing  more than 5% of the
         total  combined  voting  power or value of all  classes of stock of the
         Company or any parent or Subsidiary of the Company; or

                  (b) Under the terms of the Plan, such Participant's  rights to
         purchase  stock  under  this and all  other  qualified  employee  stock
         purchase  plans of the  Company  or any  parent  or  Subsidiary  of the
         Company would accrue at a rate that exceeds  $25,000 of the fair market
         value of such stock (determined at the time when such right is granted)
         for each calendar year for which such right or option is outstanding at
         any time.

Ownership of stock shall be determined  after applying the attribution  rules of
section 424(d) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. For purposes of
this Section 8, each Participant shall be considered to own any stock that he or
she has a right or option to  purchase  under this or any other  plan,  and each
Participant  shall be considered  to have the right to purchase  2,500 shares of
Stock under this Plan with respect to each Accumulation Period.

SECTION 9.  RIGHTS NOT TRANSFERABLE.

         The  rights of any  Participant  under the Plan,  or any  Participant's
interest  in any Stock or moneys  to which he or she may be  entitled  under the
Plan,  shall not be  transferable  by voluntary or involuntary  assignment or by
operation of law, or in any other manner other than by  beneficiary  designation
or the laws of descent and distribution. If a Participant in any manner attempts
to transfer,  assign or otherwise  encumber his or her rights or interest  under
the Plan,  other than by  beneficiary  designation  or the laws of  descent  and
distribution,  then such act shall be treated as an election by the  Participant
to withdraw from the Plan under Section 5(a).

                                       -5-




<PAGE>




SECTION 10.  NO RIGHTS AS AN EMPLOYEE.

         Nothing in the Plan shall be  construed to give any person the right to
remain in the employ of a  Participating  Company.  Each  Participating  Company
reserves the right to terminate the  employment of any person at any time,  with
or without cause.

SECTION 11.  NO RIGHTS AS A STOCKHOLDER.

         A Participant shall have no rights as a stockholder with respect to any
shares that he or she has purchased, or may have a right to purchase,  under the
Plan until the date of issuance of a stock certificate for such shares.

SECTION 12.  STOCK OFFERED UNDER THE PLAN.

         (a)  Authorized  Shares.  The  aggregate  number  of  shares  of  Stock
available  for purchase  under the Plan shall be 100,000,  subject to adjustment
pursuant to this Section 12.

         (b) Anti-Dilution Adjustments.  The aggregate number of shares of Stock
offered under the Plan, the 2,500-share limitation described in Section 7(c) and
the price of shares  that any  Participant  has  elected  to  purchase  shall be
adjusted  proportionately  by the  Committee for any increase or decrease in the
number  of  outstanding   shares  of  Stock  resulting  from  a  subdivision  or
consolidation of shares, the payment of a stock dividend,  any other increase or
decrease in such shares effected  without receipt or payment of consideration by
the Company or the  distribution  of the shares of a Subsidiary to the Company's
stockholders.

         (c)  Reorganizations.  In the event of a dissolution  or liquidation of
the Company,  or a merger or consolidation to which the Company is a constituent
corporation,  the Plan shall terminate unless the plan of merger,  consolidation
or reorganization  provides  otherwise,  and all amounts that have been withheld
but not yet applied to  purchase  Stock  hereunder  shall be  refunded,  without
interest.  The Plan shall in no event be  construed  to  restrict in any way the
Company's right to undertake a dissolution,  liquidation,  merger, consolidation
or other reorganization.

SECTION 13.  AMENDMENT OR DISCONTINUANCE.

         The  Board of  Directors  shall  have the right to  amend,  suspend  or
terminate the Plan at any time and without notice. Except as provided in Section
12, any increase in the  aggregate  number of shares of Stock to be issued under
the Plan shall be  subject  to  approval  by a vote of the  stockholders  of the
Company.  In  addition,  any other  amendment  of the Plan  shall be  subject to
approval by a vote of

                                       -6-




<PAGE>



the  stockholders  of the Company to the extent required by an applicable law or
regulation.

SECTION 14.  DEFINITIONS.

         (a)  "Accumulation  Period"  means  a  six-month  period  during  which
contributions  may be made  toward  the  purchase  of Stock  under the Plan,  as
determined pursuant to Section 3(b).

         (b) "Board of  Directors"  means the Board of Directors of the Company,
as constituted from time to time.

         (c) "Committee" means a committee of the Board of Directors, consisting
of one or more directors appointed by the Board of Directors.

         (d)  "Company"  means  Neurobiological  Technologies,  Inc., a Delaware
corporation.

         (e)  "Compensation"  means  the  total  compensation  paid in cash to a
Participant by a Participating  Company,  including  salaries,  wages,  bonuses,
incentive  compensation,  commissions and overtime pay, but excluding  moving or
relocation  allowances,  car allowances,  imputed income attributable to cars or
life insurance,  taxable fringe benefits and similar items, all as determined by
the Committee.

         (f)  "Eligible  Employee"  means  any  employee  of a  Par-  ticipating
Company:

                  (i) Whose  customary  employment  is for more than five months
         per calendar year and for more than 20 hours per week; and

                  (ii) Who has been an employee of a  Participating  Company for
         not less than three consecutive months.

         (g)  "Fair  Market  Value"  shall  mean  the  market  price  of  Stock,
determined by the Committee as follows:

                  (i) If  Stock  was  traded  over-the-counter  on the  date  in
         question  but was not traded on the Nasdaq  Stock  Market or the Nasdaq
         National Market,  then the Fair Market Value shall be equal to the mean
         between the last  reported  representative  bid and asked prices quoted
         for such date by the principal automated  inter-dealer quotation system
         on which  Stock is quoted  or,  if the Stock is not  quoted on any such
         system,  by the  "Pink  Sheets"  published  by the  National  Quotation
         Bureau, Inc.;

                  (ii) If  Stock  was  traded  over-the-counter  on the  date in
         question and was traded on the Nasdaq Stock

                                       -7-





<PAGE>



         Market or the Nasdaq National Market,  then the Fair Market Value shall
         be equal to the  last-transaction  price  quoted  for such  date by the
         Nasdaq Stock Market or the Nasdaq National Market;

                  (iii) If the Stock was traded on a stock  exchange on the date
         in  question,  then the Fair Market Value shall be equal to the closing
         price reported by the applicable composite transactions report for such
         date; and

                  (iv) If none of the foregoing  provisions is applicable,  then
         the Fair Market  Value shall be  determined  by the  Committee  in good
         faith on such basis as it deems appropriate.

Whenever possible, the determination of Fair Market Value by the Committee shall
be based on the  prices  reported  in the  Western  Edition  of The Wall  Street
Journal. Such determination shall be conclusive and binding on all persons.

         (h) "Offering Period" means a 24-month period with respect to which the
right to purchase Stock may be granted under the Plan, as determined pursuant to
Section 3(a).

         (i) "Participant"  means an Eligible Employee who elects to participate
in the Plan, as provided in Section 3(c).

         (j)  "Participating  Company"  means the  Company  and each  present or
future Subsidiary, except Subsidiaries excluded by the Committee.

         (k) "Plan" means this Neurobiological Technologies, Inc. Employee Stock
Purchase Plan, as amended from time to time.

         (l) "Plan Account" means the account  established for each  Participant
pursuant to Section 6(a).

         (m) "Purchase Price" means the price at which Participants may purchase
Stock under the Plan, as determined pursuant to Section 7(b).

         (n)  "Stock" means the Common Stock of the Company.

         (o) "Subsidiary" means a corporation, 50% or more of the total combined
voting  power of all  classes  of stock of which is owned by the  Company  or by
another Subsidiary.


                                       -8-




<PAGE>


SECTION 15.  EXECUTION.

         To record the  amendment  and  restatement  of the Plan by the Board of
Directors,  the  Company  has  caused its duly  authorized  officer to affix the
corporate name and seal hereto.


                             NEUROBIOLOGICAL TECHNOLOGIES,
                             INC.




                             By     /s/ Shawn K. Johnson
                                ----------------------------------
                                        Shawn K. Johnson
                                       Director of Finance


                                       -9-



                                                                    EXHIBIT 23.1




                         CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS


         We  consent  to the  incorporation  by  reference  in the  Registration
Statement on Form S-8  pertaining  to the Amended and  Restated  Neurobiological
Technologies,  Inc.  Employee Stock Purchase Plan of our report of September 25,
1996, with respect to the financial statements of Neurobiological  Technologies,
Inc.  included in the Annual  Report  (Form  10-KSB) for the year ended June 30,
1996, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.



                                                               Ernst & Young LLP


San Francisco, California
December 20, 1996



                                       -7-




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