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UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
[X] ANNUAL REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended: December 31, 1996
OR
[ ] TRANSITION REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from _____________ to _____________
Commission File Number: 0 - 24836
VOXEL
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
California 33-0301060
(State or other jurisdiction of (I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization) Identification No.)
26081 Merit Circle, Suite 117, Laguna Hills, CA 92653
(Address of principal executive offices) (zip code)
(714) 348-3200
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all
reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the
registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such
filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes X No
--- ---
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant
to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be
contained, to the best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or
information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K
or any amendment to this Form 10-K. [ ]
Aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates of
the registrant as of the close of business on March 4, 1997: $23,773,113.
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's
classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.
Common Stock, no par value: 8,395,398 shares outstanding at March 4,
1997.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
The information required by Part III of Form 10-K is incorporated
herein by reference to the registrant's definitive proxy statement to be
delivered in connection with the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on
May 30, 1997.
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VOXEL
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART I
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
Item 1. Business.................................................................. 1
Item 2. Properties................................................................13
Item 3. Legal Proceedings.........................................................13
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders ......................14
PART II
Item 5. Market for Registrant's Common Equity and Related Shareholder Matters.....14
Item 6. Selected Financial Data...................................................15
Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations.................................................17
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data...............................20
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and
Financial Disclosure......................................................35
PART III
Item 10. Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant........................35
Item 11. Executive Compensation....................................................35
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management............35
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions............................35
PART IV
Item 14. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules and Reports on Form 8-K...........36
Signatures ........................................................................39
</TABLE>
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PART I
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
Voxel (the "Company") is engaged in the development and marketing of
a proprietary system, Digital Holography(TM), that produces "three-dimensional
X-rays" of the internal structure of the human body. The Digital Holography
system (the "System") consists of: the Voxcam(R) imager, an electro-optical
instrument that holographically images CT and MR data on film; Voxbox(R) light
boxes to view the film; and Voxfilm(TM), special silver halide film to record
the hologram. The proprietary process used by the Voxcam to encode information
makes it possible to record up to 200 or more cross-sectional images from a CT
or MR examination on a single sheet of Voxfilm. The completed image is called a
Voxgram(R). On September 29, 1995, the Company received clearance from the FDA
to market all three elements of its Digital Holography System.
The Voxgram image, projected by the Voxbox, is an accurate,
three-dimensional holographic replica of the patient's anatomy which fills a
six-inch deep volume. Conventional CT and MR display techniques provide a large
number of individual two-dimensional images, each representing a single
cross-sectional plane through the body. The physician is required either to
mentally integrate those many images or to examine computer generated views that
simulate the third dimension. However, these computer generated renderings can
not and do not display accurate volumetric information and are to be
distinguished from Voxel's true three-dimensional holographic images.
More than 40 medical centers have studied Voxgrams' clinical utility
in connection with conditions that affect the anatomical regions most commonly
targeted by CT and MR examinations -- the head, spine, skeleton, and blood
vessels. This research has yielded more than 150 scientific presentations and
papers and five articles in relevant medical journals. The results of these
studies suggest that Voxgrams provide for more accurate and comprehensive
diagnosis of medical conditions and improve surgical planning. The Company
believes that Voxgrams may also save time in the operating theater and in the
surgical planning process, and may enable physicians to diagnose conditions that
are extremely difficult or impossible to detect with existing display
techniques.
Voxel's principal strategic objective is to make it necessary for
diagnostic imaging sites to offer Voxgrams in addition to cross-sectional images
in order to be considered acceptable providers. The Company's potential United
States market encompasses more than 5,000 hospitals and diagnostic imaging
centers which, using more than 9,000 scanners, performed in excess of 26 million
CT and MR examinations in 1994. Each of these sites is a potential customer for
the System and each of these patient examinations could potentially be printed
on Voxfilm. The Company believes that Japanese utilization of CT and MR scanners
is comparable to that of the United States and Europe's utilization of CT and MR
scanners is substantial.
Assimilating Voxel's technology will not require a major change in a
hospital's equipment or procedures. CT and MR data will continue to be collected
in the current format, without any modification in routine physician practice.
Additional scanner time will not be required and the patient's radiation dose
will not be changed. The data will be prepared for holographic printing using a
technique similar to that used to prepare two-dimensional images. After scanning
the patient, the technician will adjust brightness and contrast to obtain the
most useful images, which will then be printed by the Voxcam.
The Company has heretofore relied upon General Scanning, Inc.
("GSI") for development and engineering activities with respect to
pre-production prototypes of the Voxcam imager and manufacture of the commercial
version of the Voxcam. The Company believes that GSI has failed to meet the
engineering specifications, product performance requirements, and scheduled
delivery dates called for in the Development Agreement between the companies
(the "Development Agreement"). The Company and GSI are currently engaged in an
arbitration proceeding with respect to the parties' obligations under the
Development Agreement. See "Legal Proceedings."
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Because the Company believes GSI is in breach of the Development
Agreement, the Company has instituted an alternative in-house program to
complete development of a commercial version of the Voxcam and arrange for its
manufacture. On March 13, 1997, the Company announced its decision to accelerate
the alternative Voxcam development and manufacturing program. The Company has
identified and retained respected consultants and vendors to assist with the
engineering work required to remedy the shortcomings of the GSI-designed Voxcam.
The Company's Voxcam manufacturing program will include securing sub-systems
from qualified vendors, performing final assembly and in-house testing for a
pilot production run and selecting a system integrator for volume manufacturing.
Voxel believes that its patent applications and granted patents
provide a meaningful proprietary position in all elements of the System.
Initial sales activities are underway, focusing on institutions with
active neurosurgery and/or orthopedic surgery practices. The Company expects to
work closely with its customers to broaden the clinical applications in which
Voxgrams will be routinely used and thereby increase Voxfilm utilization. The
Company's objective is to make Digital Holography a standard of medical imaging.
MEDICAL IMAGING
The ability to examine and comprehend the internal workings of the
human body is a critical element of diagnostic medicine. Before the discovery of
X-rays, a physician's ability to understand internal human anatomy was limited
to indirect visual and acoustic techniques or exploratory surgery. The critical
importance of discovering what was occurring inside the patient led to the
adoption of a series of increasingly advanced medical imaging modalities: first
X-ray, then CT, then MR. Management believes that these improvements in the
means for collecting information about the inside of the body have not been
matched by corresponding progress in techniques for displaying the data.
The more advanced medical imaging modalities, CT and MR, are highly
specialized. These modalities can be crucial to accurate diagnosis and
successful treatment, and are now in general use. However, the complexity of
their images limits the degree to which doctors can appreciate and utilize the
information they contain. Unlike the conventional X-ray films familiar to most
physicians, the complicated CT and MR displays may be fully understood only by
radiologists.
TWO-DIMENSIONAL DATA ACQUISITION
X-rays were discovered in 1895. For the first time, physicians were
able to see inside the human body without performing surgery. The images were
simple projections of the anatomy onto one plane created by the differential
absorption of X-rays by the various body tissues. The physician used his or her
prior knowledge and experience to mentally generate the third dimension.
THREE-DIMENSIONAL DATA ACQUISITION: CT AND MR
All forms of medical imaging collect information from volumetric
targets. However, all depth information is lost in conventional X-ray images.
CT, the first practical system to provide more data about the third dimension,
was developed during the late 1960s. CT scanners employ a mathematical technique
to derive images from a series of measurements taken with a rotating X-ray
source and electronic detectors. Each of the resulting images shows a "slice"
through the patient. A sequence of such slices is obtained by repeating the
imaging process while moving the patient along the axis of the scanner. The
resulting stack of slices contains detailed information about the
three-dimensional structure of the patient. The slices are printed next to each
other on a flat piece of film.
MR imaging was developed in the early 1980s. MR measures radio waves
emitted by a chemical element in the body which is selectively excited in the
presence of a strong magnetic field. The signals emitted are influenced by their
environment, which is important for tissue differentiation. Because the body is
primarily made up of water and fat (both of which contain abundant quantities of
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the needed element), a great many signals are produced. The computers in MR
scanners use complex mathematical formulae to convert these signals into slice
images. An advantage of using MR is that anatomical structures can be observed
from any orientation. Nonetheless, the MR data are displayed in two-dimensional
form on flat film or a video terminal.
In order to benefit from CT and MR technologies, radiologists have
had to learn to interpret changes through the volume of the patient's anatomy
from sets of two-dimensional slices, attempting three-dimensional reconstruction
in their minds.
INTERPRETING CT AND MR DATA
The radiologist is one of several people involved in the medical
imaging process. A patient will have seen a primary care physician who will have
made a provisional diagnosis prior to referring the patient to a radiologist.
The radiologist will consider the provisional diagnosis in deciding how to
examine the patient. Selection of the appropriate modality, i.e., CT or MR, the
specific techniques to be used in collecting the data, and whether to use
contrast agents to enhance the data, requires considerable skill and experience.
A radiological technologist follows the radiologist's instructions, examines the
images to confirm their quality, and routes them to a camera (sometimes referred
to as a printer) that makes black and white film copies of the cross-sectional
CT or MR images.
The radiologist examines the CT and MR images on a light box and
dictates a report for the referring physician. In arriving at a conclusion, the
radiologist attempts to integrate the information from all of the slices to
create a single mental picture of the relevant portion of the patient's anatomy.
Mental reconstruction can be subjective. Different examiners may "see" different
pictures. Radiologists sometimes find it difficult to visualize the third
dimension accurately. Referring physicians (who have had less training and
experience examining images) may be at an even greater disadvantage. Management
believes that radiologists and referring physicians would benefit from a more
direct way to evaluate CT and MR scans. A better display technique could enhance
the efficiency -- and the accuracy -- of interpretation. Patients would benefit
from seeing a more recognizable representation of their condition, so that they
could better understand the advice of their physicians and provide more fully
informed consents.
THE VOXEL SOLUTION
DIGITAL HOLOGRAPHY
Unlike traditional two-dimensional displays of CT and MR data, the
Digital Holography System provides an accurate, life-size three-dimensional
image of the patient's anatomy. The System, for which pre-production prototypes
are currently under development, consists of three components -- the Voxcam, the
Voxbox, and Voxfilm. Together, they enable a user to produce and examine Voxgram
images. The Voxcam is a laser-driven optical camera that receives electronic
images collected by CT and MR scanners, projects them using a liquid crystal
display (similar to those used in certain video projection systems), and records
them on Voxfilm. Each image from a scan is individually exposed in sequential
fashion and at its proper location. All of these exposures are recorded on a
single piece of Voxfilm, which is then developed in an attached automatic
processor.
Once the Voxfilm has been processed, it is displayed on a special
lightbox called a Voxbox. The Voxbox is an inexpensive, compact, self-contained,
portable unit. Although the Voxbox contains proprietary technology to illuminate
the Voxgram, it is similar in appearance to the light boxes currently used
throughout medicine for viewing conventional two-dimensional images. The Voxbox
uses ordinary white light to reconstruct the hologram instead of requiring a
laser as is usually the case. The Voxbox can be rotated or tilted, allowing the
user to view a Voxgram from a variety of different perspectives.
Voxfilm shares many characteristics with ordinary X-ray film, but
its composition and the proprietary process used to encode information make it
possible to record, when appropriate, more
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than 200 slices from a CT or MR examination on a single sheet. An exposed and
developed Voxgram is a 14" by 17" sheet of film which reveals only a faint glow
when held up to ambient light. When placed upon a Voxbox, it displays a detailed
three-dimensional image stretching through a six-inch deep volume.
Assimilating Voxel's technology will not require a major change in a
hospital's equipment or procedures. The CT and MR examination procedures are
unchanged. Additional scanner time will not be required and the patient's
radiation dose will not be changed. The data will be prepared for printing using
a technique similar to that used to prepare two-dimensional images. After
scanning the patient, the technician will adjust brightness and contrast to get
the most useful image, which will then be printed by the Voxcam.
[THE IMAGING SYSTEM GRAPHIC]
The Digital Holography System as it is expected to be used
in a typical radiology suite.
The Voxcam and Voxboxes are analogous to conventional
two-dimensional cameras and light boxes.
HOLOGRAPHY
Holography is similar to photography. In both, light illuminates an
object and the reflected light is recorded in a thin photosensitive layer on a
sheet of film. There are, however, substantial differences between photography
and holography. The lens of a photographic camera forms a single image of an
object, flattening it to a two-dimensional picture. When looking at a
photograph, one can only see this flat picture as it appeared from the original
vantage point of the camera lens. A holographic camera, on the other hand, uses
a laser in place of a lens and records the entire wave front emanating from an
object. This wave front contains intensity, distance, and directional
information. The object is recorded and displayed three-dimensionally, and one
can view the object as it would have appeared from a whole range of different
vantage points by simply moving one's head.
CONVENTIONAL HOLOGRAPHY
A conventional hologram is made by splitting a laser beam in half,
shining one part, the "reference beam," onto the holographic film and directing
the other, the "object beam," to reflect off the object to be holographed.
Information about the object's appearance and position are recorded when the
beams intersect on film.
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MULTIPLE EXPOSURE HOLOGRAPHY
Reflecting light off of an object is not feasible when the "object"
is inside a patient's body. Thus, a Voxgram cannot be a conventional hologram.
Instead, the "object" for a Voxgram is a projection screen which sequentially
shows slices from a CT or MR scan. A hologram of the first slice is made, then
the screen is moved back a distance corresponding to the gap between the slices,
the next slice is projected onto it, and a second hologram is superimposed on
the first. More slices are encoded by repeating this procedure with
appropriately greater distances between the screen and the film. The process is
similar to multiple-exposure photography where several exposures are made on a
single piece of film, but the holograms encode the location as well as the
intensity of each exposure. When reconstructed, each holographic exposure
appears at a different distance from the film; the slices are suspended in space
with the correct separation between them.
[VOXCAM DIGITAL HOLOGRAPHY(TM) CAMERA GRAPHIC]
Schematic of the prototype Voxcam, a printer for making a volumetric
multiple-exposure hologram of an MR or CT scan (simplified).
A large number of exposures (up to 200 or more) can be combined with
proper selection of holographic angles, intensities, and processing chemicals.
Management believes that without Voxel's proprietary technology one cannot
combine more than a small number of slices.
The Company has expended substantial resources developing the
Digital Holography System, including research and development expenses totaling
$2.9 million, $3.6 million, and $4.3 million for the years ended December 31,
1994, 1995 and 1996, respectively.
HOLOGRAPHIC DISPLAY SYSTEMS
A hologram must be illuminated correctly to be seen as a bright,
undistorted image without any compromise in its three-dimensionality. To achieve
correct illumination, the classic method is to use laser light identical to that
with which the hologram was made. However, suitable lasers are expensive and
inconvenient; they generally are not found outside optics laboratories. There
are several alternatives which use white light instead of a laser:
- One approach uses the hologram as a filter to reduce the
incoming light to one color: the image becomes sharper
but dimmer. Medical images require a sharp, bright
image.
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- Another approach is to sacrifice the vertical
information in a hologram, which causes the image to
disappear when viewed from above or below. Medical
images must be viewable from vertical as well as
horizontal perspectives.
- The proprietary Voxbox solves the current limitations
inherent in white light displays by pre-splitting the
light into an inverted spectrum, enabling the hologram
to recombine the light into a bright, sharp image while
preserving both vertical and horizontal perspectives.
[VOXBOX GRAPHIC]
Schematic for the prototype Voxbox, a white-light viewer
for holograms (simplified).
CLINICAL APPLICATIONS RESEARCH
Evaluations of Voxel's proposed system have been conducted, and are
continuing, at medical centers throughout the United States, including Harvard
University, George Washington University, the Mallinckrodt Institute of
Radiology, and the University of New Mexico. These programs have concentrated on
the parts of the body (i.e., the head, spine, skeleton, and blood vessels) and
the kinds of conditions (i.e., tumors, trauma, and vascular abnormalities) that
are commonly examined with CT and MR scanners. The studies are designed to
determine if the Digital Holography System will (i) allow diagnosis of
conditions that are extremely difficult or impossible to detect with existing
technology; (ii) provide for more accurate and comprehensive diagnosis and
understanding of conditions that are difficult to characterize fully with
existing technology; (iii) increase the radiologist's confidence in the
diagnosis made; (iv) reduce the time required to arrive at a diagnosis; (v)
facilitate communication of relevant information to referring physicians; (vi)
improve surgical planning; and (vii) allow for more fully informed patient
consent to treatment.
Studies of the System began in the Spring of 1992. In practice, the
Voxcam is intended to be directly connected to CT and MR scanners so that the
digital data from the scanners can be made into Voxgrams on site. In order to
conserve the Company's financial resources, a program was designed to simulate
the presence of a Voxcam in each participating institution. Participating
institutions transmit data from study cases to the Company by sending relevant
tapes or disks. Using a prototype Voxcam, Voxel's personnel produce the
corresponding Voxgrams and return them to the institutions by
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overnight courier. Because each site has been provided with Voxboxes, physicians
can examine the Voxgrams in the same manner as if they had been produced on
site. The Company does not pay for the CT or MR scan or the interpretation. No
payments have been made to investigators or their institutions other than, on
rare occasions, a modest research stipend. Participants are free to publish
their findings.
Voxel's research collaborators have presented over 150 oral papers
and scientific exhibits at domestic and international meetings of medical and
scientific organizations, and have published several articles in prestigious
medical journals, all reporting on the usefulness of the Company's technology.
The principal forum for scientific reports on medical imaging is the
annual meeting of the Radiological Society of North America ("RSNA") which is
attended by more than 20,000 physicians and health professionals. Many of the
aforementioned papers and exhibits have been presented at RSNA meetings and
others have been given at meetings of radiologic subspecialists (e.g., American
Society of Neuroradiology, European Society of Neuroradiology, British Society
of Neuroradiology, and American Society of Emergency Radiology). Referring
physicians, especially neurosurgeons, orthopedists, and cardiologists, have also
made presentations to their peers at their own professional meetings.
Presentations have been made at the Congress of Neurosurgeons, the American
Academy of Neurological Surgeons, the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons,
the American Heart Association, and the American College of Cardiology.
The reports by Voxel's research collaborators at domestic and
international meetings suggest that the Company's technology is useful in
diverse settings and in support of the indications most commonly targeted by CT
and MR procedures, including neurological, orthopedic, and cardiac conditions.
Most of the data for these submissions were collected using traditional CT or MR
techniques, but these submissions also included studies using leading edge
scanner applications such as (i) non-invasive MR visualization of blood vessels,
(ii) MR visualization of the nervous system, (iii) high speed, high resolution
CT, and (iv) three-dimensional ultrasound.
SALES AND MARKETING
Voxel's principal strategic objective is to make it necessary for
diagnostic imaging sites to offer volumetric holographic images in addition to
cross-sectional images in order to be considered acceptable providers. In 1995,
approximately 5,000 sites in the United States, using more than 9,000 CT and MR
scanners, performed approximately 26 million procedures. The Company believes
that Japanese utilization of CT and MR scanners is comparable to that of the
United States and Europe's utilization of CT and MR scanners is substantial. The
Company expects to participate in those foreign markets after the Digital
Holography System has been introduced in the United States. However, there can
be no assurance that the Digital Holography System will be accepted for general
use in connection with any of the illnesses which are commonly examined with CT
or MR scanners.
The Company's primary offering to potential customers is a
fee-per-use service package. Under this arrangement, Voxel will place the
Voxcam, Voxboxes, and related hardware at the customer site, supply all
necessary Voxfilm and other consumables, and furnish training and System
maintenance. The customer will be charged based upon actual Voxfilm usage,
subject to a minimum monthly usage guarantee and a four year commitment to the
Digital Holography service.
The Company's initial marketing efforts are focusing on institutions
with CT or MR scanners that have active neurosurgery and orthopedic surgery
practices. These practices are responsible for prescribing the majority of CT
and MR studies performed and they use the resulting images in the planning and
execution of surgical procedures. After an institution has acquired the Digital
Holography System, the Company intends to expand the System's utilization and
increase film consumption by promoting the technology to other of the
institution's medical specialists.
The Company is developing a direct sales force to call on potential
customers. Prospects are qualified by factors which include the type and
quantity of scanners they use, the number of neurosurgical and orthopedic
procedures they perform, and, after the System is in commercial use, their
geographic proximity to System installations then in place. The sales effort is
expected to include
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intensive after-sale customer service to facilitate the routine use of Voxgrams
for the aforementioned conditions and the use of Voxgrams for new medical
applications which may be revealed by ongoing research.
A quality field service program is another prerequisite to the
Company's success. Established national organizations have expressed interest in
performing field service on the Company's behalf. Discussions are underway which
Voxel anticipates may result in acceptable arrangements. However, there can be
no assurance that the Company will be able to obtain field service on
commercially desirable terms or at all.
To market the System, the Company must further develop its sales
force and must arrange for supporting service and training. Although the Company
has commenced the development of a direct sales organization, there can be no
assurance that the Company will be able to establish suitable sales or support
capabilities.
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
The Company's success is dependent in large measure on its ability
to obtain patent protection for the System, maintain confidentiality of its
trade secrets and proprietary know-how, and operate without infringing upon the
proprietary rights of third parties.
The Company's intellectual property derives in large part from a
unique method for making a multiple exposure hologram which may contain 200 or
more individual images. This method requires an understanding of a variety of
factors that control how many exposures a given piece of film can accommodate
(the film's image capacity) as well as the ability to make each of the exposures
in the hologram so that it uses the appropriate portion of that image capacity.
A U.S. patent has recently issued covering the key elements of the
Voxcam and the System as a whole. Also, two patents specifically relating to the
Voxbox have been granted in the United States, and corresponding patents have
issued in Japan, Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia, and numerous European
countries. The Voxbox-specific United States patents will expire in 2003.
The Company believes that it will be granted further proprietary
protection for both the individual elements of the Digital Holography System and
for the System as a whole. The Company's pending patent applications cover
additional aspects of the System and numerous other technological advancements
developed by the Company. These pending applications were filed in the United
States, preserving all applicable rights to file timely corresponding
applications throughout the world.
There can be no assurance that any current or future patent
applications filed by the Company will be granted or that, if a patent is
granted as a result of these applications, such patent will cover all or a
substantial portion of the proposed claims. With respect to patents currently
held by the Company or issued to the Company in the future, there can be no
assurance that such patents will provide the anticipated competitive advantages
or will not be challenged by third parties or that patents issued to others will
not have an adverse effect on the ability of the Company to conduct its
business. In addition, there can be no assurance that the Company's patents
would be held valid by a court of law of competent jurisdiction or, if held
valid, the Company would have sufficient resources to enforce its patent rights.
In the event the Company is found to have infringed upon the patent rights of
others, there can be no assurance that Voxel would be able to obtain licenses to
any of such patents.
The Company also relies on trade secrets and proprietary know-how.
The Company has been, and will continue to be, required to disclose its trade
secrets and proprietary know-how to employees and consultants, and may also
disclose such information to potential corporate partners, collaborators, and
contract manufacturers. Although the Company seeks to protect its trade secrets
and proprietary know-how, in part by entering into confidentiality agreements
with such persons, there can be no assurance that these agreements will not be
breached, that the Company would have adequate remedies for any breach, or that
the Company's trade secrets and proprietary know-how will not otherwise become
known or be independently discovered by competitors.
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THIRD-PARTY REIMBURSEMENT
The cost of a significant portion of medical care in the United
States is funded by government and private insurance programs, such as Medicare,
Medicaid, health maintenance organizations, and private insurers, including Blue
Cross/Blue Shield plans. Government-imposed limits on reimbursement of hospitals
and other health care providers have significantly impacted their budgets. Under
certain government insurance programs, a health care provider is reimbursed a
fixed sum for services rendered in treating a particular condition, regardless
of the actual costs of such treatment. Private third-party reimbursement plans
and health maintenance organizations are also developing increasingly
sophisticated methods of controlling health care costs through redesign of
benefits and exploration of more cost-effective methods of delivering health
care. In general, these government and private cost-containment measures have
caused health care providers to be more selective in the purchase of medical
products.
The availability and magnitude of third party reimbursement for the
costs of use of Digital Holography may vary as a function of the identity of the
payor, the setting in which the CT or MR examination is performed, and the
billing practices of the entity that uses the System. The Company will attempt
to provide its customers with guidance as to the appropriate methods to seek
third-party reimbursement for use of Digital Holography. The Company has been
notified that an existing code for reporting medical procedures will be amended,
effective January 1, 1998, to explicitly reference holographic imaging of CT and
MR data. This will provide a method by which clinicians may more accurately
report, and seek reimbursement for, use of Digital Holography.
Significant uncertainty exists as to the reimbursement status of
newly approved health care products, and there can be no assurance that adequate
third-party reimbursement will be available. Neither Medicare nor any other
third party payor has considered the reimbursement status of the System.
Limitations imposed by government and private insurance programs and the failure
of certain third-party payors to fully or substantially reimburse health care
providers for the procedures associated with use of the System could have a
material adverse effect on the Company.
MANUFACTURING
Heretofore, development and engineering activities with respect to
pre-production prototypes of the Voxcam have been performed for the Company by
GSI, a firm that has designed and manufactured medical imaging devices for major
domestic and international suppliers. These development and engineering
activities focused on implementing significant improvements over the laboratory
prototype of the Voxcam. The Company believes that these improvements are
necessary to create a commercial product that would satisfy potential customers.
Areas of improvement, vis-a-vis the laboratory prototype of the Voxcam, include
shape, size, user interface, extent of automation, component cost, and ability
to withstand hostile environments.
In August 1994, the Company and GSI entered into the Development
Agreement with respect to the Voxcam. In January 1995, and again in January
1996, Voxel agreed to provide increased financial support to GSI and GSI agreed
to increase resource allocation for Voxcam development. GSI's engineering
activities with respect to pre-production prototypes (beta units) of the Voxcam
continued to require more time and capital than was originally anticipated by
GSI or the Company. In December 1996, Voxel gave GSI notice citing GSI's failure
to meet its engineering and manufacturing obligations. Pursuant to the
Development Agreement, the notice commenced a 60-day period of informal
negotiations between the parties. During the 60-day period, GSI failed to
resolve the inadequacies of its Voxcam engineering program and negotiations were
not fruitful. As a consequence, a binding arbitration proceeding to resolve the
parties' differences, as mandated by the Development Agreement, commenced. See
"Legal Proceedings."
Because the Company believes GSI is in breach of the Development
Agreement, the Company has instituted an alternative in-house program to
complete development of a commercial version of the Voxcam and arrange for its
manufacture. On March 13, 1997, the Company announced its decision to
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<PAGE> 12
accelerate the alternative Voxcam development and manufacturing program based on
the following factors:
1. Voxel has performed tests which confirm and further characterize
the engineering shortcomings at the root of its dispute with GSI.
2. The shortcomings in the GSI-designed Voxcam result from
deficiencies in GSI's engineering efforts, not from limitations in
Voxel's proprietary technology.
3. Voxel's engineers and highly regarded third-party organizations
believe that the resolution of these deficiencies is straightforward
and involves the application of accepted technologies and widely
used engineering principles.
4. The Company has identified and retained respected consultants and
vendors to participate in the engineering work required to remedy
the shortcomings of the GSI-designed Voxcam.
5. The Company believes that it is entitled to vigorously pursue
this alternative program under the legal circumstances as of March
13, 1997.
The Company's Voxcam manufacturing program will include:
(a) securing sub-systems from qualified vendors, including:
(i) those companies which have heretofore provided GSI with
Voxcam subassemblies which meet Voxel's standards, and
(ii) suppliers participating in the engineering activity
discussed in point 4 above.
(b) performing final assembly and in-house testing for a pilot
production run; and
(c) selecting a system integrator for volume manufacturing.
Voxel will employ the experience it has gained during the past two
years to facilitate the selection and ramp-up of new Voxcam sourcing
arrangements. The Company will announce a new Voxcam production schedule at an
appropriate time.
Voxel manages the development and engineering of the Voxbox and
Voxfilm but uses original equipment manufacturers to produce them. Voxel is
qualifying two local suppliers for the Voxbox. The Company currently purchases
Voxfilm from Konica Corporation, one of the world's leading manufacturers of
silver halide film products.
There can be no assurance that vendors with which the Company is
currently cooperating will meet the Company's requirements for quality,
quantity, and timeliness and the FDA's GMP requirements or that, in the future,
the Company would be able to find substitute manufacturers for the elements of
the Digital Holography System. The System must be manufactured in compliance
with GMP in order for it to be distributed in the United States. The Company's
dependence on others for the manufacture of key elements of its products may
adversely affect its future profit margins and the Company's ability to develop
and deliver products on a timely and competitive basis.
COMPETITION
Voxel is not aware of any academic or commercial institution
actively developing multiple exposure holography to display medical images.
The Digital Holography System may compete in the future for market
share with currently available methodologies for viewing the results of CT and
MR scans. Potential purchasers of the Digital Holography System may determine
that currently available display techniques for CT and MR with which they are
already familiar (including unaided visual examination of the slice images) are
sufficient to make requisite diagnoses and facilitate treatment. The perceived
value of the Digital
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<PAGE> 13
Holography System may be influenced by future health care legislation, insurance
reimbursement policies, and cost-containment measures adopted by health care
providers and payors. In addition, competition may arise from products currently
in development, or that may be developed in the future, by other companies. Many
of the current and potential competitors are likely to have substantially
greater capital resources, research and development staffing, and facilities
than the Company. In addition, many potential competitors have extensive
experience with CT and MR procedures and technologies.
One currently available alternative approach to volumetric display
is to use computer graphics technology. A single pseudo-three-dimensional
picture is synthesized from the individual two-dimensional images. Traditional
artistic effects (e.g., shading, perspective) are used to convey an impression
of depth. The Company believes that one of the limitations of computer-generated
pseudo-three-dimensional images is that only psychological depth cues can be
used. Psychological cues depend on surfaces; computer-generated surfaces
introduce certain compromises and distortions. Moreover, substantial computer
hardware and software skill, experience, time, and effort are required to
produce these pictures. A variety of suppliers of CT and MR scanners as well as
independent companies offer software and workstations that generate pseudo
three-dimensional pictures. These systems also have other uses; they enable
radiologists to interact with the data that have been collected by scanners and
they may facilitate the production of "what if" images which some surgeons have
found useful in surgical planning. When used for that purpose, the workstations
can serve as a source of data for Voxgrams so true volumetric displays can be
made after the data have been manipulated. The Company believes that Voxgrams
may, therefore, add value to users of workstations. While the Company views
workstations as complementary, some physicians may find them to be an acceptable
alternative to the Digital Holography System.
GOVERNMENT REGULATION
The medical devices currently under development by the Company are
regulated by the FDA under the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act (the "FDC
Act") and require regulatory clearance prior to commercialization in the United
States. Under the FDC Act, the FDA regulates preclinical and clinical testing,
manufacturing, labeling, distribution, sale, marketing, advertising, and
promotion of medical devices in the United States. Noncompliance with applicable
requirements can result in fines, injunctions, civil penalties, detention,
recall or seizure of products, total or partial suspension of production,
distribution, sales and marketing, withdrawal of marketing approvals or
clearances, a recommendation by the FDA that the manufacturer or distributor not
be permitted to enter into government contracts, and criminal prosecution. In
certain circumstances, the FDA also has the authority to order the manufacturer
or distributor of a device to repair, replace, or refund the cost of the device.
Various states and other countries in which the Digital Holography System may be
sold in the future may impose additional regulatory requirements.
Following the enactment of the Medical Device Amendments of 1976 to
the FDC Act, the FDA classified medical devices in commercial distribution at
the time of enactment into one of three classes -- Class I, II, or III. This
classification is based on the controls necessary to reasonably ensure the
safety and effectiveness of medical devices. Class I devices are those whose
safety and effectiveness can reasonably be ensured through general controls,
such as labeling, the pre-market notification ("510(k)") process, and adherence
to FDA-mandated GMP. Class II devices are those whose safety and effectiveness
can reasonably be ensured through the use of general controls together with
special controls, such as performance standards, post-market surveillance,
patient registries, and FDA guidelines. Generally, Class III devices are devices
that must receive pre-market approval by the FDA to ensure their safety and
effectiveness. They are typically life sustaining, life-supporting. or
implantable devices, and also include most devices that were not on the market
before May 28, 1976 and for which the FDA has not made a finding of substantial
equivalence based upon a 510(k).
If a manufacturer or distributor of medical devices can establish to
the FDA's satisfaction that a new device is substantially equivalent to a
legally marketed Class I or Class II medical device or to a Class III device for
which the FDA has not yet required pre-market approval, the manufacturer or
distributor may market the device. In the 510(k), a manufacturer or distributor
makes a claim of
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<PAGE> 14
substantial equivalence, which the FDA may require to be supported by various
types of information showing that the device is as safe and effective for its
intended use as the legally marketed predicate device. Following submission of
the 510(k), the manufacturer or distributor may not place the new device into
commercial distribution until an order is issued by the FDA finding the new
device to be substantially equivalent.
On September 6, 1995, the Company submitted a 510(k) to the FDA
covering the Voxcam, Voxbox, and Voxfilm. On September 29, 1995, the Company
received findings of substantial equivalence from the FDA covering the Voxcam,
Voxbox, and Voxfilm, permitting the commercial distribution of the Digital
Holography System as an adjunct to current two dimensional display techniques
for diagnostic image data.
If the Company needs, either before or after commercial release of
the Digital Holography System, to make a modification (e.g., in design or
intended use) which could significantly affect the safety or effectiveness of
the Digital Holography System, the Company will be required to submit a new
510(k) and establish to the FDA's satisfaction that the Digital Holography
System, as modified, is substantially equivalent. The need to obtain FDA
clearance of a new 510(k) (which would not be assured) could significantly delay
(or prevent) commercialization of a modified Digital Holography System. The
Company does not currently intend to take any action to modify the System or its
intended use in a fashion which would make it unsuitable for 510(k) clearance.
The Company will also be required to register as a medical device
manufacturer with the FDA and state agencies, such as the California Department
of Health Services ("CDHS"), and to file a listing of its products
semi-annually. The Company or its contract manufacturers will be inspected on a
routine basis by both the FDA and the CDHS for compliance with the FDA's GMP and
other requirements including the medical device reporting regulation and various
requirements for labeling and promotion. The FDA's GMP regulation requires,
among other things, that (i) the manufacturing process be regulated and
controlled by the use of written procedures, and (ii) the ability to produce
devices which meet the manufacturer's specifications be validated by extensive
and detailed testing of every aspect of the process. The regulation also
requires investigation of any deficiencies in the manufacturing process or in
the products produced and detailed record keeping. The medical device reporting
regulation requires that the device manufacturer provide information to the FDA
on deaths or serious injuries alleged to have been associated with the use of
its marketed devices, as well as product malfunctions that would likely cause or
contribute to a death or serious injury if the malfunction were to recur. Also,
because the Voxcam will contain a laser, the Company will be required to comply
and certify compliance with the FDA's performance (safety) standard governing
laser products. Changes in existing requirements or interpretations (on which
regulations heavily depend) or adoption of new requirements or policies could
adversely affect the ability of the Company to comply with regulatory
requirements. Failure to comply with regulatory requirements could have a
material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and
results of operations. Compliance with such laws and regulations now or in the
future could require substantial expenditures by the Company.
OTHER POTENTIAL MARKETS
Voxel's technology is also potentially useful in a variety of other
non-medical settings where volumetric information is important, such as
non-destructive testing of airplane parts and volumetric visualization of oil
fields and atomic reactor cores. In order for the Digital Holography System to
be useful for these applications, potential customers would have to collect data
in an appropriate format. Collecting appropriate data could be expensive and
time consuming and, as a result, potential customers may consider the System
unsuitable. Proving that the Digital Holography System is suitable for these
applications will involve additional applications research. While the Company
currently intends to pursue these applications in the future, there can be no
assurance that it will have the resources to do so or that its efforts will be
successful.
- 12 -
<PAGE> 15
EMPLOYEES
As of December 31, 1996, the Company employed 24 persons on a
full-time basis, of whom 14 were engaged in research and development, five in
marketing, and five in administration. The Company's ability to attract and
retain qualified personnel will be a significant factor in its potential for
success. None of the Company's employees is covered by collective bargaining
agreements and management considers the Company's relations with its employees
to be good.
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
The Company leases approximately 12,500 square feet of laboratory
and office space in a business park in Laguna Hills, California. The leases for
this facility expire in February 1998. The Company believes that this facility,
together with additional space available within the vicinity, should be
sufficient to meet its needs at acceptable rents for the foreseeable future.
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
The Company is engaged in an arbitration proceeding with GSI arising
from the Development Agreement. The Company's relationship with GSI commenced in
1994 when it commissioned GSI to conduct a design study for which Voxel paid GSI
$230,000. The study was to determine the feasibility of developing and
manufacturing a commercial version of the Voxcam. In reliance upon GSI's
favorable findings in that study, the Company entered into the Development
Agreement in August 1994, pursuant to which GSI was to engineer and build the
commercial Voxcam.
The Company believes that the efforts made by, and limited results
achieved by, GSI since the signing of the Development Agreement constitute a
breach of GSI's obligations which have arisen during the relationship between
the parties. On December 23, 1996, Voxel delivered to GSI a notice of impasse
which commenced a contractually-specified 60-day period of informal negotiations
between the parties aimed at resolving the impasse. During that time, GSI failed
to resolve the inadequacies of its Voxcam engineering program and negotiations
were not fruitful. As a consequence, the arbitration process commenced in Orange
County, California (as specified by the Development Agreement), under the
auspices of the American Arbitration Association (Case No. 80 Y 199 00056 97
JMB). Voxel is seeking redress and will aggressively pursue monetary damages and
other appropriate remedies. The arbitration is expected to be concluded during
1997.
The Company believes that GSI has not met its commitments with
respect to engineering specifications, product performance requirements,
scheduled delivery dates, project staffing levels, and standards for
documentation. The Company believes that GSI's obligations are defined by (i)
the Development Agreement; (ii) the written commitments as to product
development scope and schedule, and unit price, made in the 1994 Design Study;
(iii) the further commitments made by GSI in 1995 and 1996 as inducement to
Voxel to amend the Development Agreement to pay GSI additional amounts for
engineering activities; (iv) the product specifications produced by GSI during
the project; and (v) the record of written, electronic, and oral communications
from GSI personnel to Voxel during the project.
GSI has alleged that (a) it has not failed to perform any material
conditions under the Development Agreement; (b) if any failure of the Voxcam's
performance exists, it is due solely to either Voxel's failure to perform its
duties and responsibilities under the Development Agreement or third party
failures over which GSI has no responsibility or control; and (c) Voxel has
breached the Development Agreement. GSI has asserted damage claims totaling in
excess of $5 million for lost profits, deferred compensation, unpaid charges,
and other consequences of the alleged breach.
Voxel has asserted damage claims totaling in excess of $5 million
arising from (i) the cost to remedy the engineering deficiencies of the
GSI-designed Voxcam; (ii) the cost to establish alternative Voxcam manufacturing
arrangements; (iii) the expense of Voxel operations from the originally
anticipated delivery date for commercial Voxcam units until the commencement of
revenue; (iv) the cost to Voxel of the delay in initial revenues from the
Digital Holography System; and (v) the incremental
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<PAGE> 16
costs incurred by Voxel in its equity capital raising activities during the
delay in revenue commencement caused by GSI's actions.
Although the Company believes that its position will be upheld in
the arbitration, there can be no assurance at this time as to the outcome of
that proceeding.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
Not Applicable.
PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED
SHAREHOLDER MATTERS
The Company's Common Stock, Redeemable Class A Common Stock Purchase
Warrants (the "Class A Warrants"), and Units have traded on The Nasdaq SmallCap
Market tier of The Nasdaq Stock Market under the symbols: VOXL, VOXLW, and
VOXLU, respectively, since the Company's initial public offering (the "IPO")
closed on November 1, 1994. Each Unit consists of one share of Common Stock and
one Class A Warrant. According to records of the Company's transfer agent, the
Company had approximately 118 holders of Common Stock of record as of March 4,
1997. Many of the Company's shares are held by brokers and other institutions on
behalf of shareholders; the Company estimates the total number of beneficial
owners of Common stock represented by these record holders to exceed 2,500. On
March 4, 1997 the closing sales prices for the Company's Common Stock, Warrants,
and Units were $3.69, $0.75 and $3.50, respectively. The following table sets
forth the high and the low sale prices of the Company's equity securities during
the fiscal quarters in the years ended December 31, 1995 and 1996.
COMMON STOCK (VOXL)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1995 HIGH LOW
---- ---- ---
<S> <C> <C>
First Quarter....................................................... $ 7.00 $ 4.63
Second Quarter...................................................... $ 9.38 $ 6.75
Third Quarter....................................................... $ 9.00 $ 4.50
Fourth Quarter...................................................... $ 7.00 $ 1.75
1996
----
First Quarter....................................................... $ 8.69 $ 2.00
Second Quarter...................................................... $ 8.63 $ 4.88
Third Quarter....................................................... $ 7.50 $ 3.25
Fourth Quarter...................................................... $ 6.13 $ 2.81
CLASS A WARRANTS (VOXLW)
1995
----
First Quarter....................................................... $ 3.81 $ 2.00
Second Quarter...................................................... $ 4.63 $ 3.63
Third Quarter....................................................... $ 4.50 $ 1.75
Fourth Quarter...................................................... $ 2.75 $ 0.38
</TABLE>
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<PAGE> 17
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1996
----
<S> <C> <C>
First Quarter....................................................... $ 3.38 $ 0.50
Second Quarter...................................................... $ 3.25 $ 1.75
Third Quarter....................................................... $ 2.69 $ 1.25
Fourth Quarter...................................................... $ 1.94 $ 0.63
UNITS (VOXLU)
1995
----
First Quarter....................................................... $10.63 $ 6.63
Second Quarter...................................................... $13.75 $10.50
Third Quarter....................................................... $12.88 $ 6.75
Fourth Quarter...................................................... $ 8.25 $ 2.00
1996
----
First Quarter....................................................... $10.75 $ 2.25
Second Quarter...................................................... $10.75 $ 6.75
Third Quarter....................................................... $ 9.25 $ 5.00
Fourth Quarter...................................................... $ 7.50 $ 3.25
</TABLE>
The Company has not paid cash dividends since inception. The Company
currently intends to retain all of its earnings, if any, for use in its business
and does not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future.
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
The selected consolidated financial data set forth below with
respect to the Company's statements of operations for each of the three years in
the period ended December 31, 1996 and for the period from April 15, 1988
(inception) to December 31, 1996, and with respect to the Company's balance
sheets at December 31, 1995 and 1996 are derived from the Company's audited
Consolidated Financial Statements which are included elsewhere in this report.
The statement of operations data for the years ended December 31, 1992 and 1993
and the balance sheet data at December 31, 1992, 1993 and 1994 have been
derived from audited consolidated financial statements which are not included
herein. The data set forth below should be read in conjunction with
"Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations" and the Consolidated Financial Statements and the notes thereto
included elsewhere in this report.
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<PAGE> 18
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE DATA)
Period from
April 15, 1988
(date of
Year Ended December 31, inception) to
---------------------------------------------------------------- December 31,
1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1996
---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ----
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS DATA (1)
Costs and expenses:
Research and development..................... $ 699 $ 1,191 $ 2,924 $ 3,619 $ 4,257 $ 13,386
General and administrative................... 701 1,035 1,149 1,888 2,186 7,289
Depreciation and amortization
expense.................................... 94 148 335 236 247 1,143
Interest (income) expense.................... (33) 223 349 (166) (250) 163
-------- -------- -------- -------- -------- --------
Net loss........................................ $ (1,461) $ (2,597) $ (4,757) $ (5,577) $ (6,440) $(21,981)
======== ======== ======== ======== ======== ========
Pro forma net loss (2).......................... $ (2,420) $ (4,481)
======== ========
Net loss per share.............................. $ (1.33) $ (1.02)
======== ========
Pro forma net loss
per share (2)............................. $ (1.18) $ (1.67)
======== ========
Shares used in computing
net loss per share (2).................... 2,043,842 2,677,788 4,183,355 6,314,102
========= ========= ========= =========
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31,
-----------------------------------------------------------------
1992 1993 1994 1995 1996
---- ---- ---- ---- ----
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
BALANCE SHEET DATA
Cash, cash equivalents, and
short-term investments ...................... $ 1,116 $ 160 $ 5,708 $ 4,398 $ 6,919
Working capital (deficit) ...................... 905 (1,924) 5,408 3,822 6,825
Total assets ................................... 1,648 945 6,419 4,980 7,625
Notes payable .................................. -- 1,857 -- 105 --
Long term obligations, including
capital leases .............................. 173 168 108 28 7
Accumulated deficit ............................ (2,590) (5,187) (9,964) (15,541) (21,981)
Convertible redeemable preferred
stock ....................................... 3,799 3,799 -- -- --
Total shareholders'
equity (deficit) ............................ (2,546) (5,143) 5,984 4,342 7,406
</TABLE>
- ----------
(1) The Company is a development-stage business and has generated no
operating revenue.
(2) Computed on the basis described in Note 1 to the Consolidated
Financial Statements.
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<PAGE> 19
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Since its inception in 1988, the Company has been engaged in the
design, development, and medical evaluation of Digital Holography, a
sophisticated system that yields film-based, hard copy images of the internal
structure of the human body. The Digital Holography system consists of the
Voxcam imager, a camera to convert computed tomography and magnetic resonance
scans into holograms; Voxbox light boxes to view the holograms; and Voxgram film
on which the hologram is recorded.
The Company has not yet developed products for sale, has not earned
revenues, and has incurred substantial losses since inception. The Company
expects to continue to incur substantial operating losses for at least twelve
months from the date of this report, as research, development, manufacturing,
and marketing activities expand.
In previous filings, the Company indicated that certain
prerequisites needed to be fulfilled prior to initial commercial sales of the
Digital Holography System. One of these prerequisites was accomplished on
September 29, 1995, when the Company received 510(k) clearance from the FDA to
sell the Digital Holography System. The remaining prerequisites to initial
commercial sales include development and testing of pre-production prototypes,
manufacturing of production units, and achieving market acceptance for the
Digital Holography System. There can be no assurance that, on a timely basis or
at all, any or all of the remaining prerequisites will be satisfied.
The Company currently anticipates that initial production units of
the Digital Holography System will be available for commercial sale no earlier
than the first quarter of 1998. This represents an extension of previously
discussed schedules for commercialization. Completion of the engineering and
assembly of pre-production prototypes and commercial units of the Voxcam,
heretofore the responsibility of GSI, has been delayed. See "Business --
Manufacturing." This delay has increased the Company's requirements for capital.
See "Liquidity and Capital Resources."
The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction
with the Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto appearing elsewhere
in this report.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1996 AND 1995
Net loss for 1996 increased by 15% to $6.4 million from $5.6 million
in 1995. The Company had no revenues during 1996 or 1995. Research and
development ("R&D") expense increased by 18% to $4.3 million from $3.6 million.
This increase resulted from (i) enhanced in-house support of GSI's product
development and manufacturing activities, including increased technical
headcount and travel; (ii) costs of preparing for beta site installations; and
(iii) initiation of beta Voxbox production. Total payments to design engineering
firms with respect to the Voxcam development program, which represent over half
of R&D expense in both 1996 and 1995, increased modestly. However, the majority
of such payments in 1996 represented reimbursement for beta unit parts while
such payments in 1995 were primarily for engineering services.
General and administrative ("G&A") expense (which includes marketing
activities) increased by 16% to $2.2 million from $1.9 million. This increase
resulted from the growth of the sales organization and increased marketing
effort; administrative costs were virtually unchanged. In 1996, the Company's
primary marketing focus shifted from promoting clinical activities to developing
customer relationships. Sales headcount and travel increased correspondingly.
Depreciation and amortization expense was essentially unchanged. Net interest
income for 1996 was $250,000 compared to $166,000 in 1995. This difference is
due to higher average investment balances as a consequence of the Company's
secondary public offering (the "Secondary") in August 1996.
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<PAGE> 20
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1995 AND 1994
Net loss for 1995 increased by 17% to $5.6 million from $4.8 million
in 1994. R&D expense increased by 24% to $3.6 million from $2.9 million. This
increase was primarily attributable to costs of design engineering services for
the development of the pre-production prototypes of the Voxcam and Voxbox. G&A
expense (which includes marketing activities) increased by 65% to $1.9 million
from $1.1 million. This increase resulted primarily from an intensified focus on
marketing. The Company augmented its trade show presence, clinical exhibit
support, and market research activities. Also contributing to the G&A increase
were modestly increased costs of administrative support for the growing
organization (e.g. rent, insurance, and office activities). Depreciation and
amortization expense decreased to $236,000 in 1995 from $335,000 in 1994 because
of a one-time option-related amortization charge recognized in 1994. Net
interest income for 1995 was $166,000 compared to net interest expense of
$349,000 in 1994. The difference resulted from interest income on IPO proceeds
that were invested in short-term securities.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
The Company has financed its operations primarily through private
and public sales of equity securities and the private placement of debt
securities and, to a far lesser extent, through equipment lease financing. As of
December 31, 1996 the Company had raised $9.3 million net of underwriting
commissions and offering expenses from the Secondary, $9.0 million net of
underwriting commissions and offering expenses from the IPO, $3.8 million from
the sale of convertible redeemable preferred stock, $3.6 million net of
underwriting commissions and expenses from the sale of convertible preferred
stock, and $4.7 million from the sale of debt securities. The convertible
redeemable preferred stock and $2.5 million of the debt (together with accrued
interest thereon) were converted to Common Stock at the closing of the IPO on
November 1, 1994. The remaining $2.2 million of the debt securities (together
with accrued interest thereon) was repaid from the proceeds of the IPO on
November 1, 1994. The convertible preferred stock was converted to Common Stock
during 1996. The Company had a capital lease obligation of $12,000 as of
December 31, 1996.
The Company's net cash used in operating activities during the years
ended December 31, 1996, 1995 and 1994 was $6.7 million, $5.0 million, and $4.4
million, respectively. The increases in cash used in operations were due
primarily to increased research and development, medical evaluation activity,
and marketing. As of December 31, 1996, the Company had cash and short-term
investments totaling $6.9 million. This compares with cash and short-term
investments totaling $4.4 million and $5.7 million at December 31, 1995 and
1994, respectively. The increase in cash and short-term investments from 1995 to
1996 is the result of the receipt of funds from the Secondary. The decrease in
cash at year end 1995 was due to the use of cash for operating activities,
partially offset by the receipt of $3.6 million (net of underwriting commissions
and expenses) of proceeds from the placement of convertible preferred stock. As
of December 31, 1996, the Company had working capital of $6.8 million as
compared to working capital of $3.8 million and $5.4 million at December 31,
1995 and 1994, respectively. Working capital at December 31, 1996 consists
primarily of the net proceeds received from the Secondary. Working capital at
December 31, 1995 is primarily the result of the net proceeds received from the
sale of convertible preferred stock.
The Company has no material commitments for capital expenditures.
However, the Company expects to incur substantial expense to remedy the
shortcomings of the GSI-designed Voxcam, conduct field tests of pre-production
units of the Voxcam, complete the manufacturing engineering of the commercial
Voxcam, and commence its production.
The Company believes that available cash will be sufficient to meet
the Company's operating expenses and capital requirements for at least the
duration of calendar year 1997. However, the Company will require additional
funding on one or more occasions in order to achieve its operating objectives.
The delays in the completion of engineering of the commercial Voxcam, field
testing of beta units, and manufacturing of initial production units have
increased the Company's requirements
- 18 -
<PAGE> 21
for capital. The amount and timing of the Company's future capital requirements
will depend upon many factors, including progress of the Voxcam engineering
activities, the success and duration of beta unit field testing, the timing of
the transition from beta to commercial unit production, and the extent and
timing of acceptance of the Digital Holography System. There can be no assurance
that any additional financing will be available to the Company on acceptable
terms, or at all, when required by the Company.
- 19 -
<PAGE> 22
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Page
----
Report of Independent Auditors ............................................. 21
Consolidated Financial Statements
Consolidated Balance Sheets ................................................ 22
Consolidated Statements of Operations ...................................... 23
Consolidated Statements of Convertible Redeemable Preferred Stock and
Shareholders' Equity (Deficit) ........................................... 24
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows ...................................... 26
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements ................................. 27
- 20 -
<PAGE> 23
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS
The Board of Directors
Voxel
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of
Voxel (a development stage company) as of December 31, 1995 and 1996, and the
related consolidated statements of operations, convertible redeemable preferred
stock and shareholders' equity (deficit), and cash flows for each of the three
years in the period ended December 31, 1996 and for the period from April 15,
1988 (inception) to December 31, 1996. These financial statements are the
responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an
opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted
auditing standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit
to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free
of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence
supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit
also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates
made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement
presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our
opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present
fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Voxel
(a development stage company) at December 31, 1995 and 1996, and the
consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three
years in the period ended December 31, 1996 and for the period from April 15,
1988 (inception) to December 31, 1996, in conformity with generally accepted
accounting principles.
ERNST & YOUNG LLP
Orange County, California
February 7, 1997
- 21 -
<PAGE> 24
VOXEL
(A Development Stage Company)
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DECEMBER 31,
------------------------
1995 1996
-------- --------
<S> <C> <C>
ASSETS
Currents assets:
Cash $ 4,398 $ 807
Short-term investments -- 6,112
Other current assets 34 118
-------- --------
Total current assets 4,432 7,037
Property and equipment:
Furniture and equipment 996 1,157
Leasehold improvements 201 224
-------- --------
1,197 1,381
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization (671) (867)
-------- --------
526 514
Other assets (net of accumulated amortization of $66 in
1995 and $70 in 1996) 22 74
-------- --------
Total assets $ 4,980 $ 7,625
======== ========
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable and accrued expenses $ 424 $ 207
Short-term note payable 105 --
Current portion of lease obligation 81 5
-------- --------
Total current liabilities 610 212
Long-term lease obligation 28 7
Commitments and contingencies
Shareholders' equity:
Convertible Series C preferred stock, no par value:
Authorized shares - 4,000,000; Issued and outstanding
shares - 4,000,000 in 1995 and none in 1996 3,600 --
Common stock, no par value:
Authorized shares - 15,000,000; Issued and outstanding
shares - 4,228,869 in 1995 and 8,395,398 in 1996 16,313 29,417
Deficit accumulated during the development stage (15,541) (21,981)
Notes receivable from shareholders (30) (30)
-------- --------
Total shareholders' equity 4,342 7,406
-------- --------
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity $ 4,980 $ 7,625
======== ========
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes.
- 22 -
<PAGE> 25
VOXEL
(A Development Stage Company)
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE DATA)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PERIOD FROM
APRIL 15,
1988 (DATE OF
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, INCEPTION) TO
--------------------------------------------- DECEMBER 31,
1994 1995 1996 1996
----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Net revenues $ -- $ -- $ -- $ --
Costs and expenses:
Research and development 2,924 3,619 4,257 13,386
General and administrative 1,149 1,888 2,186 7,289
Depreciation and amortization 335 236 247 1,143
Interest expense 408 33 10 811
Interest income (59) (199) (260) (648)
----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
4,757 5,577 6,440 21,981
----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
Net loss $ (4,757) $ (5,577) $ (6,440) $ (21,981)
=========== =========== =========== ===========
Pro forma net loss $ (4,481)
===========
Net loss per share $ (1.33) $ (1.02)
=========== ===========
Pro forma net loss per share $ (1.67)
===========
Shares used in computing net
loss per share 2,677,788 4,183,355 6,314,102
=========== =========== ===========
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes.
- 23 -
<PAGE> 26
VOXEL
(A Development Stage Company)
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CONVERTIBLE REDEEMABLE STOCK AND
SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIT)
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE DATA)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SERIES A PREFERRED SERIES B PREFERRED SERIES C PREFERRED
------------------ ------------------ ------------------
SHARES AMOUNT SHARES AMOUNT SHARES AMOUNT
------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Issuance of common stock at $.26
per share in exchange for notes -- $ -- -- $ -- -- $ --
Issuance of common stock at $.26
per share in exchange for shares
of Holoplex stock and
cancellation of indebtedness of
$35 -- -- -- -- -- --
Net loss -- -- -- -- -- --
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at December 31, 1988 -- -- -- -- -- --
Repurchase of common stock for
cash at $.26 per share -- -- -- -- -- --
Net loss -- -- -- -- -- --
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at December 31, 1989 -- -- -- -- -- --
Issuance of Series A preferred
stock at $.10 per share in
exchange for cash of $16 and
cancellation of indebtedness of
$33 490,801 49 -- -- -- --
Issuance of Series A preferred
stock at $.10 per share in
exchange for cancellation of
accrued interest 2,103 -- -- -- --
Net loss -- -- -- -- -- --
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at December 31, 1990 492,904 49 -- -- -- --
Issuance of Series B preferred
stock at $.10 per share in
exchange for cancellation of
indebtedness -- -- 87,500 9 -- --
Issuance of common stock at $.26
per share in exchange for notes
receivable -- -- -- -- -- --
Issuance of Series B preferred
stock at $.60 per share in
exchange for cash of $3,130 and
cancellation of indebtedness and
related interest of $611 -- -- 6,234,791 3,741 -- --
Repurchase of common stock at
$.26 per share for cash of $3 and
cancellation of advances
receivable of $18 -- -- -- -- -- --
Contribution to capital -
forgiveness of indebtedness by
shareholders -- -- -- -- -- --
Net loss -- -- -- -- --
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at December 31, 1991 492,904 49 6,322,291 3,750 -- --
Net loss -- -- -- -- -- --
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at December 31, 1992 492,904 49 6,322,291 3,750 -- --
Net loss -- -- -- -- -- --
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at December 31, 1993 492,904 49 6,322,291 3,750 -- --
Stock option exercise at $.51 per share -- -- -- -- -- --
Amortization of deferred compensation -- -- -- -- -- --
Conversion of Series A preferred
stock to common stock at the rate
of 5.145346 shares of preferred
to one share of common (492,904) (49) -- -- -- --
Conversion of Series B preferred
stock to common stock at the rate
of 5.145346 shares of preferred
to one share of common -- -- (6,322,291) (3,750) -- --
Issuance of 1,900,000 Units at
$5.50 per Unit in initial public
offering for cash of $10,400 and
cancellation of indebtedness of
$50, net of underwriting
discounts and commissions and
offering expenses -- -- -- -- -- --
Conversion of promissory notes
($2,460 of principal and $454 of
interest) to common stock at the
rate of $5.00 per share -- -- -- -- -- --
Issuance of common stock in
payment for services totaling $21 -- -- -- -- -- --
Net loss -- -- -- -- -- --
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at December 31, 1994 -- -- -- -- -- --
Amortization of deferred
compensation -- -- -- -- -- --
Bridge warrant exercise of
120,000 shares at $2.50 per share -- -- -- -- -- --
Stock option exercise at $.51 per
share -- -- -- -- -- --
Issuance of common stock in
payment for services totaling $9 -- -- -- -- -- --
Stock option exercise at $1.03
per share -- -- -- -- -- --
Issuance of Series C preferred
stock at $1.00 per share, net of
underwriting commissions and
expenses -- -- -- -- 4,000,000 3,600
Net loss -- -- -- -- -- --
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at December 31, 1995 -- -- -- -- 4,000,000 3,600
Amortization of deferred
compensation -- -- -- -- -- --
Bridge warrant exercise of 60,000
shares at $2.50 per share -- -- -- -- -- --
Stock option exercise at $.51 per
share -- -- -- -- -- --
Conversion of Series C preferred
stock to common stock at a
weighted-average rate of 3.602536
shares of preferred to a share of
common -- -- -- -- (4,000,000) (3,600)
Issuance of common stock at $3.50
per share in secondary public
offering for cash of $10,465, net
of underwriting commissions and
expenses -- -- -- -- -- --
Net loss -- -- -- -- -- --
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at December 31, 1996 -- $ -- -- $ -- -- $ --
================================================================================
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes.
- 24 -
<PAGE> 27
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DEFICIT ACCRU- NOTES
COMMON STOCK MULATED DURING RECEIVABLE
------------ DEVELOPMENT FROM SHARE-
SHARES AMOUNT STAGE HOLDERS TOTAL
------ ------ ----- ------- -----
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Issuance of common stock at $.26
per share in exchange for notes 38,870 $ 10 $ -- $ (10) $ --
Issuance of common stock at $.26
per share in exchange for shares
of Holoplex stock and
cancellation of indebtedness of
$35 349,831 90 -- -- 90
Net loss -- -- (143) -- (143)
-------------------------------------- ----- -------
Balance at December 31, 1988 388,701 100 (143) (10) (53)
Repurchase of common stock for
cash at $.26 per share (97,175) (25) -- -- (25)
Net loss -- -- (254) -- (254)
-------------------------------------- ----- -------
Balance at December 31, 1989 291,526 75 (397) (10) (332)
Issuance of Series A preferred
stock at $.10 per share in
exchange for cash of $16 and
cancellation of indebtedness of
$33 -- -- -- -- --
Issuance of Series A preferred
stock at $.10 per share in
exchange for cancellation of
accrued interest -- -- -- -- --
Net loss -- -- (238) -- (238)
-------------------------------------- ----- -------
Balance at December 31, 1990 291,526 75 (635) (10) (570)
Issuance of Series B preferred
stock at $.10 per share in
exchange for cancellation of
indebtedness -- -- -- -- --
Issuance of common stock at $.26
per share in exchange for notes
receivable 77,740 20 -- (20) --
Issuance of Series B preferred
stock at $.60 per share in
exchange for cash of $3,130 and
cancellation of indebtedness and
related interest of $611 -- -- -- -- --
Repurchase of common stock at
$.26 per share for cash of $3 and
cancellation of advances
receivable of $18 (82,599) (21) -- -- (21)
Contribution to capital -
forgiveness of indebtedness by
shareholders -- 20 -- -- 20
Net loss -- -- (514) -- (514)
-------------------------------------- ----- -------
Balance at December 31, 1991 286,667 94 (1,149) (30) (1,085)
Net loss -- -- (1,461) -- (1,461)
-------------------------------------- ----- -------
Balance at December 31, 1992 286,667 94 (2,610) (30) (2,546)
Net loss -- -- (2,597) -- (2,597)
-------------------------------------- ----- -------
Balance at December 31, 1993 286,667 94 (5,207) (30) (5,143)
Stock option exercise at $.51 per share 834 1 -- -- 1
Amortization of deferred compensation -- 117 -- -- 117
Conversion of Series A preferred
stock to common stock at the rate
of 5.145346 shares of preferred
to one share of common 95,796 49 -- -- 49
Conversion of Series B preferred
stock to common stock at the rate
of 5.145346 shares of preferred
to one share of common 1,228,740 3,750 -- -- 3,750
Issuance of 1,900,000 Units at
$5.50 per Unit in initial public
offering for cash of $10,400 and
cancellation of indebtedness of
$50, net of underwriting
discounts and commissions and
offering expenses 1,900,000 9,032 -- -- 9,032
Conversion of promissory notes
($2,460 of principal and $454 of
interest) to common stock at the
rate of $5.00 per share 582,704 2,914 -- -- 2,914
Issuance of common stock in
payment for services totaling $21 4,276 21 -- -- 21
Net loss -- -- (4,757) -- (4,757)
-------------------------------------- ----- -------
Balance at December 31, 1994 4,099,017 15,978 (9,964) (30) 5,984
Amortization of deferred
compensation -- 20 -- -- 20
Bridge warrant exercise of
120,000 shares at $2.50 per share 120,000 300 -- -- 300
Stock option exercise at $.51 per
share 6,139 3 -- -- 3
Issuance of common stock in
payment for services totaling $9 1,143 9 -- -- 9
Stock option exercise at $1.03
per share 2,570 3 -- -- 3
Issuance of Series C preferred
stock at $1.00 per share, net of
underwriting commissions and
expenses -- -- -- -- 3,600
Net loss -- -- (5,577) -- (5,577)
-------------------------------------- ----- -------
Balance at December 31, 1995 4,228,869 16,313 (15,541) (30) 4,342
Amortization of deferred
compensation -- 36 -- -- 36
Bridge warrant exercise of 60,000
shares at $2.50 per share 60,000 150 -- -- 150
Stock option exercise at $.51 per
share 6,200 3 -- -- 3
Conversion of Series C preferred
stock to common stock at a
weighted-average rate of 3.602536
shares of preferred to a share of
common 1,110,329 3,600 -- -- --
Issuance of common stock at $3.50
per share in secondary public
offering for cash of $10,465, net
of underwriting commissions and
expenses 2,990,000 9,315 -- -- 9,315
Net loss -- -- (6,440) -- (6,440)
-------------------------------------- ----- -------
Balance at December 31, 1996 8,395,398 $29,417 $(21,981) $ (30) $ 7,406
====================================== ===== =======
</TABLE>
- 25 -
<PAGE> 28
VOXEL
(A DEVELOPMENT STAGE COMPANY)
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
(IN THOUSANDS)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PERIOD FROM
APRIL 15, 1988
(DATE OF INCEPTION)
TO DECEMBER 31,
1994 1995 1996 1996
------------------------------------- -----------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net loss $ (4,757) $ (5,577) $ (6,440) $(21,981)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash
used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization 196 216 211 948
Amortization of deferred compensation 139 20 36 195
Gain on sale of equipment -- -- (5) (5)
Change in operating assets and liabilities:
Other assets 10 (6) (140) (202)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses 58 249 (217) 366
Short-term note payable -- 105 (105) --
--------------------------------------------------
Net cash used in operating activities (4,354) (4,993) (6,660) (20,679)
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Purchases of property and equipment (132) (80) (196) (1,234)
Increase in other assets -- -- -- (33)
Proceeds from sale of equipment -- -- 6 6
(Increase) decrease in short-term investments (4,970) 5,095 (6,112) (6,112)
--------------------------------------------------
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities (5,102) 5,015 (6,302) (7,373)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Sale of common stock, net of registration costs 8,983 305 9,468 18,728
Increase in notes payable 3,256 -- -- 5,683
Payments on notes payable (2,150) -- -- (2,151)
Proceeds from issuance of preferred stock, net
of offering costs -- 3,600 -- 6,746
Proceeds from sale/leaseback transaction 105 -- -- 406
Payments on capital lease obligation (160) (142) (97) (553)
--------------------------------------------------
Net cash provided by financing activities 10,034 3,763 9,371 28,859
--------------------------------------------------
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 578 3,785 (3,591) 807
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of period 35 613 4,398 --
--------------------------------------------------
Cash and cash equivalents and end of period $ 613 $ 4,398 $ 807 $ 807
==================================================
Cash paid for interest $ 70 $ 33 $ 10 $ 200
==================================================
Cash paid (refund received) for income taxes $ (2) $ 1 $ 1 $ 7
==================================================
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF NONCASH INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Issuance of common stock in exchange for
cancellation of indebtedness $ 2,964 $ -- $ -- $ 2,999
Issuance of Series A preferred stock in
exchange for cancellation of indebtedness $ -- $ -- $ -- $ 33
Issuance of Series B preferred stock in
exchange for cancellation of indebtedness $ -- $ -- $ -- $ 620
Conversion of Series A preferred stock to common stock $ 49 $ -- $ -- $ 49
Conversion of Series B preferred stock to common stock $ 3,750 $ -- $ -- $ 3,750
Conversion of Series C preferred stock to common stock $ -- $ -- $ 3,600 $ 3,600
Forgiveness of indebtedness by shareholders $ -- $ -- $ -- $ 20
Capital lease transaction for equipment $ -- $ -- $ -- $ 261
Issuance of common stock in exchange for
cancellation of payable $ -- $ 9 $ -- $ 9
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes.
- 26 -
<PAGE> 29
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER 31, 1996
1. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Description of Business
Voxel (the "Company") was incorporated in the State of California on
April 15, 1988. The Company is developing a system for producing and viewing
volumetric holograms which will interface with existing medical scanning
equipment and yield authentic three-dimensional images.
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been
prepared assuming the Company will continue to operate as a going concern. The
Company has lost approximately $4.8 million, $5.6 million and $6.4 million in
1994, 1995, and 1996, respectively, and has an accumulated deficit of
approximately $22.0 million at December 31, 1996. The Company's operations have
mainly consisted of research and development, marketing, and capital raising
activities. The Company has not completed the development of its products.
Through December 31, 1996, the Company has financed the development of its
products primarily through the issuance of approximately $7.8 million ($7.4
million net of underwriting commissions and offering expenses) in preferred
stock, approximately $2.9 million in common stock in exchange for cancellation
of indebtedness, approximately $10.4 million ($9.0 million net of underwriting
commissions and offering expenses) in units (each consisting of a share of
common stock and a warrant to purchase an additional share of common stock) and
approximately $10.5 million ($9.3 million net of underwriting commissions and
offering expenses) in common stock. The units were sold in the Company's initial
public offering.
Ultimately, the Company's success will be dependent upon its ability
to achieve profitable operations. Management's plans include the successful
completion of the development, production and marketing of its products,
achieving profitable operations and obtaining additional financing through the
public and private placement markets as needed. The Company believes that
available cash will be sufficient to meet the Company's operating expenses and
capital requirements for at least the duration of calendar year 1997. However,
the Company will require additional funding on one or more occasions in order to
achieve its operating objectives. The delay in manufacturing of initial
production units has increased the Company's requirements for capital. The
amount and timing of the Company's future capital requirements will depend upon
many factors, including progress of the Company's research and development and
the extent and timing of acceptance of the Company's products. There can be no
assurance that any additional financing will be available to the Company on
acceptable terms, or at all, when required by the Company.
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and
assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the
date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of expenses during the
reporting periods. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Investments
Effective January 1, 1994, the Company adopted the provisions of
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 115, Accounting for Certain
Investments in Debt and Equity Securities. The adoption did not have a
significant impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.
Management determines the appropriate classification of such securities at the
time of purchase and reevaluates such classification as of each balance sheet
date. Based on its intent, the Company's investments are classified as
available-for-sale and are carried at fair value, with unrealized gains and
losses, net of tax, reported as a separate component of shareholders' equity.
The investments are adjusted for amortization of premiums and discounts to
maturity and such amortization is included in
-27-
<PAGE> 30
interest income. Short-term investments held by the Company have consisted of
certificates of deposit, U.S. government securities, and commercial paper. As of
December 31, 1995 and 1996, there were no material gross unrealized gains or
losses as the carrying value of the portfolio approximated fair value. Gross
realized gains and losses on sales of securities for the years ended December
31, 1995 and 1996, were not material. The cost of securities sold is based on
the specific identification method.
Long-Lived Assets
Effective January 1, 1996, the Company adopted Statement of
Financial Accounting Standards No. 121, "Accounting for the Impairment of
Long-Lived Assets and for Long-Lived Assets to be Disposed Of" ("SFAS No. 121").
The adoption of SFAS No. 121 had no impact on the Company's consolidated results
of operations or financial position.
Stock Option Plans
Effective January 1, 1996, the Company has adopted the
disclosure-only provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No.
123, "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation" ("SFAS No. 123") and accordingly,
is continuing to account for its stock-based compensation plans under previous
accounting standards. The adoption of SFAS No. 123 had no impact on the
Company's consolidated results of operations or financial position.
Concentration of Credit Risk
Financial instruments which potentially expose the Company to
concentration of credit risk consist primarily of cash and short-term
investments. The Company maintains its cash and short-term investments with one
major bank and one major securities firm. At December 31, 1995 and December 31,
1996, the Company had no cash deposits in excess of Federal Deposit Insurance
Corporation insurance limits. At December 31, 1995, the Company had cash and
cash equivalents totaling $4.3 million in excess of Securities Investors
Protection Corporation ("SIPC") limits. At December 31, 1996 the Company had
cash and cash equivalents totaling $0.7 million and short-term investments
totaling $5.7 million in excess of SIPC limits.
Stock Split
On June 17, 1994, the Company's Board of Directors approved a
one-for-5.145346 reverse stock split of its common stock, which became effective
on June 24, 1994. Unless otherwise indicated, the accompanying consolidated
financial statements have been adjusted retroactively to reflect the stock
split.
Consolidation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the
accounts of the Company and Holoplex Systems, an inactive subsidiary chartered
in the United Kingdom. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions
have been eliminated.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all highly liquid investments with a maturity
of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents.
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation is provided
using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of the property or
equipment which is from five to seven years.
-28-
<PAGE> 31
Other Assets
Other assets include patent rights which are being amortized on a
straight-line basis over their estimated useful life of ten years.
Per Share Information
Net loss per share has been calculated using the weighted average
number of common shares outstanding.
Pro forma net loss per share is computed using: (1) the weighted
average number of shares of common stock outstanding; (2) pursuant to the
requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC"), common
equivalent shares issued during the twelve-month period prior to the proposed
initial public offering, whether dilutive or antidilutive, are presumed to have
been issued in contemplation of the public offering and have been included in
the calculation as if they were outstanding for all periods prior to the initial
public offering (using the treasury stock method for stock options and warrants
and the initial public offering price assumed to be allocated to the common
stock portion of the Unit of $5.00 per share); (3) the pro forma effect of
conversion of all outstanding shares of Series A and Series B convertible
redeemable preferred stock into common stock which occurred upon the closing of
the Company's initial public offering of securities; and (4) the pro forma
effect of conversion of convertible subordinated notes payable to shareholders
into common stock, determined using the if-converted method, which occurred upon
the closing of the Company's initial public offering of securities.
Additionally, net loss is adjusted for the related interest expense incurred
during the period.
Supplemental pro forma net loss per share is computed based on the
number of shares used to compute pro forma earnings per share, as described
above, adjusted to give effect to the issuance of common shares to retire
amounts outstanding on the Company's notes payable to shareholders at the
beginning of the period. Additionally, net loss is adjusted for the related
interest expense incurred during the period.
Supplemental pro forma net loss per share is as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEAR ENDED
DECEMBER 31, 1994
<S> <C>
Supplemental pro forma net loss per share........................ $(1.55)
======
Number of shares used in computing supplemental
pro forma net loss per share............................... 2,842,288
=========
</TABLE>
2. CONVERTIBLE PREFERRED STOCK
On December 29, 1995 the Company completed a $4.0 million ($3.6
million, net of offering expenses) financing by issuing 4,000,000 shares of
Series C convertible preferred stock (the "Series C Stock") to several
institutional investors in a private financing. As of December 31, 1996, all of
the shares of Series C Stock had been converted into an aggregate of 1,110,329
shares of common stock and no shares of Series C Stock remained outstanding.
3. STOCK OPTION PLANS
The Company has elected to follow Accounting Principles Board
Opinion No. 25, "Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees" ("APB 25") and
related Interpretations in accounting for its employee stock options because, as
discussed below, the alternative fair value accounting provided for under SFAS
123 requires use of option valuation models that were not developed for use in
valuing employee stock options. Under APB 25, because the exercise price of the
Company's employee stock options equals the market price of the underlying stock
on the date of grant, no compensation expense is recognized.
-29-
<PAGE> 32
The Company's 1992 Stock Plan (the "1992 Plan") permits the Company
to grant incentive stock options to employees at 100% of the fair value of the
Company's common stock at the date of grant, and nonqualified stock options at
no less than 85% of the fair value of the Company's common stock at the grant
date. However, options granted to employees owning more than 10% of all classes
of stock of the Company at the grant date are to be at no less than 110% of the
fair market value of the Company's common stock. All options granted have 10
year terms and vesting begins on either the grant date or, if different, on the
vesting commencement date specified by the Board of Directors. Such vesting is
subject to continued employment with the Company. The 1992 Plan also permits the
Company to grant stock purchase rights at no less than 85% of the fair value of
the Company's common stock at the grant date. No stock purchase rights have been
granted as of December 31, 1996.
In March 1994, the Company adopted the 1994 Executive Stock Option
Plan (the "1994 Plan") under which options may only be granted to Company
executives. The 1994 Plan permits the Company to grant incentive stock options
and nonqualified stock options. Incentive stock options may be granted at no
less than 100% of the fair market value of the Company's common stock at the
date of grant and incentive stock options granted to employees owning more than
10% of all classes of stock of the Company at the grant date are to be at no
less than 110% of the fair market value of the Company's common stock. All
options granted have 10 year terms and vesting begins on either the grant date
or, if different, on the vesting commencement date specified by the Board of
Directors.
-30-
<PAGE> 33
Information with respect to options granted under the 1992 and 1994 Plan is
summarized as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(IN THOUSANDS EXCEPT FOR SHARE AND PER SHARE DATA)
SHARES UNDER OUTSTANDING OPTIONS
WEIGHTED-
SHARES AGGREGATE AVERAGED
AVAILABLE OPTION PRICE EXERCISE EXERCISE
FOR GRANT SHARES PER SHARE PRICE PRICE
--------- ------ --------- ----- -----
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Balance at December 31, 1993.. 214,505 154,761 $ 0.51 $ 80 $ 0.51
Shares authorized .......... 505,311 -- -- -- --
Grants ..................... (235,800) 235,800 0.51-6.00 256 1.09
Exercises .................. -- (834) 0.51 -- 0.51
Forfeitures ................ 1,498 (1,498) 0.51 (1) 0.51
-------- ------- ---------- ------- --------
Balance at December 31, 1994.. 485,514 388,229 0.51-6.00 335 0.86
Grants ..................... (65,776) 65,776 1.50-8.63 356 5.41
Exercises .................. -- (8,710) 0.51-1.03 (6) 0.66
Forfeitures ................ 21,318 (21,318) 0.51-1.03 (20) 0.92
-------- ------- ---------- ------- --------
Balance at December 31, 1995.. 441,056 423,977 0.51-8.63 665 1.57
Grants ..................... (197,044) 197,044 2.63-7.06 709 3.60
Exercises .................. -- (6,200) 0.51 (3) 0.51
Forfeitures ................ 60,161 (60,161) 1.03-8.63 (303) 5.03
-------- ------- ---------- ------- --------
Balance at December 31, 1996.. 304,713 554,660 $0.51-7.06 $ 1,068 $ 1.93
======== ======= ========== ======= ========
</TABLE>
The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding at
December 31, 1996:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
OUTSTANDING EXERCISABLE
WEIGHTED
AVERAGE WEIGHTED WEIGHTED
RANGE OF REMAINING AVERAGE AVERAGE
EXERCISE NUMBER CONTRACTUAL EXERCISE NUMBER EXERCISE
PRICES OUTSTANDING LIFE PRICE EXERCISABLE PRICE
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
$ 0.51 138,875 5.8 $0.51 137,697 $0.51
1.03 to 1.50 213,465 7.3 1.06 191,092 1.05
2.63 to 3.88 90,044 9.1 2.69 44,851 2.66
4.13 to 5.31 103,000 9.5 4.53 31,042 5.14
6.25 to 7.06 9,276 8.6 6.63 8,281 6.67
</TABLE>
At December 31, 1995 and 1996, options to purchase approximately
326,745 shares and 412,963 shares, respectively, were exercisable. For the
option grants made during the years ended December 31, 1995 and 1996, the
weighted-average fair value was $6.28 and $2.93, respectively, per share. For
option grants exercisable at December 31, 1995 and 1996, the weighted-average
exercise
-31-
<PAGE> 34
price was $0.99 and $1.46, respectively, per share. The weighted-average
remaining contractual life of options outstanding at December 31, 1995 and 1996,
was 7.9 years and 7.6 years, respectively.
Pro forma information regarding net income and earnings per share is
required by SFAS 123, which also requires that the information be determined as
if the Company has accounted for its employee stock options granted subsequent
to December 31, 1994 under the fair value method of that Statement. The fair
value for these options was estimated at the date of grant using a Black-Scholes
option pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions for 1995
and 1996: risk-free interest rate equal to 6.5%; no dividend yield; a volatility
factor for the expected market price of the Company's common stock equal to
0.92; and a weighted-average expected life of each option equal to 7 years.
The Black-Scholes option valuation model was developed for use in
estimating the fair value of traded options which have no vesting restrictions
and are fully transferable. In addition, option valuation models require the
input of highly subjective assumptions including the expected stock price
volatility. Because the Company's employee stock options have characteristics
significantly different from those of traded options, and because changes in the
subjective input assumptions can materially affect the fair value estimate, in
management's opinion, the existing models do not necessarily provide a reliable
single measure of the fair value of its employee stock options.
For purposes of pro forma disclosures, the estimated fair value of
the options is amortized to expense over the options' vesting period. The
Company's pro forma information follows (in thousands except per share data):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1995 1996
As Reported Proforma As Reported Proforma
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Net Loss $ (5,577) $ (5,647) $ (6,440) $ (6,589)
---------------------------------------------------------------
Net Loss per share $ (1.33) $ (1.35) $ (1.02) $ (1.04)
---------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
Because SFAS 123 is applicable only to options granted subsequent to
December 31, 1994, its pro forma effect will not be fully reflected until 1999.
4. WARRANTS
The Company sold 1,900,000 Units in its initial public offering.
Each unit consisted of one share of common stock and one redeemable Class A
warrant. The Class A warrants carry an exercise price of $6.25, subject to
adjustment, are immediately exercisable, and expire on September 27, 1999. The
Class A warrants are also subject to redemption by the Company at $0.05 per
warrant if the average closing bid price of the Company's common stock exceeds
$9.00 for 20 consecutive business days.
The Company has granted to an investment banker a warrant to
purchase 1,944 shares of the Company's common stock at an exercise price of
$3.09 per share. The warrant will be exercisable through August 31, 1998. The
Company has granted to an equipment leasing company a warrant to purchase 16,196
shares of the Company's common stock at an exercise price of $3.09 per share.
The warrant is currently exercisable and expires in 2003.
At December 31, 1996, the Company has reserved 1,938,140 shares of
common stock, respectively, for all outstanding warrants.
5. INCOME TAXES
The Company utilizes the liability method of accounting for income
taxes as set forth in Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 109,
"Accounting for Income Taxes." Under the liability method, deferred taxes are
determined based on the differences between the financial statement and tax
bases of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect in the years
in which the
-32-
<PAGE> 35
differences are expected to reverse. Deferred tax assets are recognized and
measured on the likelihood of realization of the related tax benefits in the
future.
At December 31, 1996, the Company had approximately $7.3 million of
net operating loss carryforwards for federal income tax purposes which begin to
expire in 2003. In addition, the Company has net operating loss carryforwards
for California income tax purposes of approximately $3.7 million which begin to
expire in 1998. The Company also has general business credit carryforwards for
federal and California income tax purposes of $350 thousand and $285 thousand,
respectively, which begin to expire in 2007 and 1998, respectively.
For the years ended December 31, 1994, 1995 and 1996, the Company
did not recognize federal or state income tax benefit.
The reconciliation of income tax expense (benefit) computed at U.S.
federal statutory rates to income tax expense (benefit) for the years ended
December 31, 1994, 1995 and 1996 is as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(IN THOUSANDS)
12/31/94 12/31/95 12/31/96
-------- -------- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Tax at U.S. statutory rate .............................. $(1,665) $(1,896) $(2,190)
Losses without benefit .................................. 1,665 1,896 2,190
------- ------- -------
Income tax expense....................................... $ -- $ -- $ --
======= ======== ========
</TABLE>
Deferred income taxes reflect the tax effects of temporary
differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities for financial
reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. Significant
components of the Company's net deferred tax assets and liabilities as of
December 31, 1995 and 1996 are as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(IN THOUSANDS)
12/31/95 12/31/96
-------- --------
<S> <C> <C>
Deferred tax liabilities:
Tax depreciation in excess of book depreciation................................ $ (128) $ (99)
Deferred tax assets:
Capitalized research and development costs..................................... $ 4,270 $ 5,724
Capitalized start-up costs..................................................... 33 --
Operating loss carryforwards................................................... 2,087 2,712
General business credit carryforwards ......................................... 537 635
Other, net .................................................................... 4 --
------- -------
6,931 9,071
Valuation allowance ........................................................... (6,803) (8,972)
------- -------
Net deferred tax assets............................................................. $ -- $ --
======= =======
</TABLE>
The Tax Reform Act of 1986 contains provisions which could
substantially limit the availability of the net operating loss carryforwards if
there is a greater than 50% change in ownership during a three year period. The
Company has experienced such a change, resulting in a limitation on the
utilization of its net operating loss carryforwards. The limitation is based
upon the value of the stock on that date. Management believes that the
limitation will not have a material adverse effect on the company's ability to
fully utilize its net operating loss carryforwards. The ultimate realization of
the loss carryforwards is dependent upon the future profitability of the
Company.
6. NOTES PAYABLE TO SHAREHOLDERS
Notes Payable to Shareholders
-33-
<PAGE> 36
In April 1993, the Company executed convertible subordinated
promissory notes with five of its major shareholders, pursuant to which the
Company was able to borrow up to $2.46 million. Interest on all outstanding
principal borrowings accrued at a basic rate of 6% per annum during the one year
period following the initial principal borrowing date. In April 1994, all
amounts payable were extended through November 1994 and the basic interest rate
was increased to 9% per annum. Additional amounts of interest equal to 4% of
each principal borrowing accrued on the date of each borrowing, and an
additional 4% of the total principal borrowings then outstanding accrued on each
of the dates 90, 180 and 270 days from the initial principal borrowing date. All
principal and interest due as of November 1, 1994 was repaid by the issuance of
the Company's common stock.
In April 1994, the Company issued unsecured promissory notes to five
of its major shareholders in an aggregate principal amount of $400,000. The
notes accrued interest at a rate of 9% per annum and matured on November 1,
1994, the date on which the Company's initial public offering closed. In June
1994, an additional amount aggregating $800,000 was borrowed by the Company
under these same terms and from the same shareholders. As of November 1, 1994,
all principal and interest due on such notes was repaid in cash from the
proceeds of the initial public offering.
Bridge Financing
On July 25, 1994, the Company issued unsecured promissory notes
aggregating $1,000,000 and warrants to acquire 200,000 shares of common stock.
The notes were repaid from the proceeds of the initial public offering. The
warrants are exercisable for five years at a per share exercise price equal to
$2.50. As of December 31, 1996, warrants to acquire 180,000 of such shares have
been exercised.
7. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
The Company leases office space under operating leases which expire
in February 1998 and which provide for increases in base rent of 6% annually.
Rent expense was $101 thousand, $133 thousand and $122 thousand in 1994, 1995
and 1996, respectively. Aggregate future minimum payments under these leases as
of December 31, 1996 total $156 thousand and $27 thousand for the years ended
December 31, 1997 and 1998, respectively.
8. SUBSEQUENT EVENT
In February 1997, Voxel entered into a binding arbitration
proceeding with General Scanning, Inc. ("GSI"), the company heretofore
responsible for the engineering and manufacturing of commercial units of Voxel's
Voxcam imager. The arbitration arises under the Development Agreement executed
by the parties in August 1994. The Company believes that the efforts made by,
and limited results achieved by, GSI since the signing of the Development
Agreement constitute a breach of GSI's obligations which have arisen during the
course of the relationship between the parties. GSI disputes the Company's
assertions and alleges that Voxel has breached the Development Agreement.
According to initial arbitration filings, Voxel and GSI are each seeking damages
in excess of $5 million from the other.
Because the Company believes that GSI's material breach of the
Development Agreement excuses continued performance by Voxel, the Company has
suspended payments to GSI under the Development Agreement. As of March 15, 1997,
the Company had received invoices from GSI totaling approximately $408,000 for
which Voxel has withheld payment. The arbitration is expected to be concluded
during 1997.
Although the Company believes that its position will be upheld in
the arbitration, there can be no assurance at this time as to the outcome of
that proceeding.
-34-
<PAGE> 37
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON
ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
None.
PART III
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT
The information required by Item 10 of Form 10-K is incorporated
herein by reference to the Company's definitive proxy statement to be mailed to
shareholders within 120 days of the end of the Company's most recently completed
fiscal year.
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The information required by Item 11 of Form 10-K is incorporated
herein by reference to the Company's definitive proxy statement to be mailed to
shareholders within 120 days of the end of the Company's most recently completed
fiscal year.
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND
MANAGEMENT
The information required by Item 12 of Form 10-K is incorporated
herein by reference to the Company's definitive proxy statement to be mailed to
shareholders within 120 days of the end of the Company's most recently completed
fiscal year.
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
The information required by Item 13 of Form 10-K is incorporated
herein by reference to the Company's definitive proxy statement to be mailed to
shareholders within 120 days of the end of the Company's most recently completed
fiscal year.
-35-
<PAGE> 38
PART IV
ITEM 14. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K
(a) 1. Consolidated Financial Statements:
The following financial statements of Voxel are included
in Item 8 of this report:
Report of Independent Auditors
Consolidated Balance Sheets
Consolidated Statements of Operations
Consolidated Statements of Convertible Redeemable
Preferred Stock and Shareholders' Equity (Deficit)
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
2. Consolidated Financial Statement Schedules:
All schedules are omitted because they are not
required or the required information is shown in the
consolidated financial statements or notes thereto.
3. Exhibit Listing
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
EXHIBIT
NUMBER DESCRIPTION
- ------ -----------
<S> <C>
*3.1 Amended and Restated Articles of
Incorporation of the Company, as filed
on August 2, 1991 and as amended on May
24, 1993 and June 24, 1994 (Filed as an
exhibit to the Company's Registration
Statement on Form S-1, Registration
#33-81938, which was declared effective
on September 27, 1994 (the "IPO
Filing"))
*3.2 By-laws of the Company (Filed as an
exhibit to the IPO Filing)
*3.3 Certificate of Amendment to the Amended
and Restated Articles of Incorporation
of the Company (Filed as an exhibit to
the Company's Report on Form 8-K dated
January 15, 1996 (the "January '96
8-K"))
*4.1 Specimen Certificate for Common Stock
(Filed as an exhibit to the IPO Filing)
*4.2 Form of Unit Purchase Option (Filed as
an exhibit to the IPO Filing)
*4.3 Form of Warrant Agreement (including
Form of Class A Warrant) among the
Company, A.R. Baron & Co., Inc. (the
"IPO Underwriter") and American Stock
Transfer & Trust Company (Filed as an
exhibit to the IPO Filing)
</TABLE>
-36-
<PAGE> 39
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
*4.4 Escrow Agreement among Voxel, the IPO
Underwriter and Chemical Bank (Filed as
an exhibit to the IPO Filing)
*4.5 Form of Bridge Warrant (Filed as an
exhibit to the IPO Filing)
*4.6 Certificate of Determination for the
Series C Preferred Stock (Filed as an
exhibit to the January '96 8-K)
*10.1 License Agreement between Voxel and
Holoplex Systems dated April 11, 1990
(Filed as an exhibit to the IPO Filing)
*10.2 Agreement between Voxel and Dynamic
ReSolutions Inc. dated April 29, 1994
(Filed as an exhibit to the IPO Filing)
*10.3+ Employment Agreement between Voxel and
Dr. Allan M. Wolfe dated June 1, 1994
(Filed as an exhibit to the IPO Filing)
*10.4+ 1992 Stock Plan (Filed as an exhibit to
the IPO Filing)
*10.5+ 1994 Executive Stock Option Plan (Filed
as an exhibit to the IPO Filing)
*10.6 Master Lease Agreement between Voxel and
Pacific Venture Finance, Inc. dated
December 16, 1991 (Filed as an exhibit
to the IPO Filing)
*10.7 Amendment No. 1 to Master Lease
Agreement between Voxel and MMC/GATX
Partnership No. I dated April 30, 1993
(Filed as an exhibit to the IPO Filing)
*10.8 Industrial Lease Agreement between Voxel
and Saddleback II Associates dated June
7, 1994 regarding 26081 Merit Circle,
Suite 116, Laguna Hills, California
(Filed as an exhibit to the IPO Filing)
*10.9 Industrial Lease Agreement between Voxel
and Saddleback II Associates dated
August 6, 1991 regarding 26081 Merit
Circle, Suite 117, Laguna Hills,
California, together with renewal
amendment thereto dated June 7, 1994
(Filed as an exhibit to the IPO Filing)
10.10 Not Used
*10.11 Form of Merger and Acquisition Agreement
between Voxel and the IPO Underwriter,
providing for a fee to the IPO
Underwriter upon consummation of certain
transactions between the Company and a
party introduced to the Company by the
IPO Underwriter (Filed as an exhibit to
the IPO Filing)
</TABLE>
-37-
<PAGE> 40
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
<S> <C>
*10.12 Form of Indemnification Agreement
entered into between Voxel and each of
its directors and executive officers
(Drs. Wolfe and Anderson, Messrs.
Dishlip, Dreyfous, Holliman, Hart,
Littlewood, Perz, and Rudin) (Filed as
an exhibit to the IPO Filing)
*10.13 Investor Agreement among the Company and
all purchasers of Bridge Notes, together
with form of Bridge Note (Filed as an
exhibit to the IPO Filing)
*10.14 Development Agreement between Voxel and
General Scanning, Inc. dated August 3,
1994 (Filed as an exhibit to the IPO
Filing)
*10.15 Letter Agreement between General
Scanning, Inc. and Voxel dated January
30, 1995 (Filed as exhibit to the
Company's 1994 Form 10-K)
*10.16 Form of Preferred Stock Subscription
Agreement (Filed as an exhibit to the
January '96 8-K)
11.1 Statement re Computation of Per Share
Earnings
*21.1 List of subsidiaries of the Company
(Filed as an exhibit to the IPO Filing)
27 Financial Data Schedule included herein.
*99.1 Press Release, dated October 5, 1995
(Filed as an exhibit to the Company's
8-K dated October 5, 1995)
*99.2 Press Release, dated January 15, 1996
(Filed as an exhibit to the January '96
8-K)
</TABLE>
- ------------------
* Items so noted were previously filed.
+ Indicates management contract or compensation plan or arrangement.
(b) Reports on 8-K
There were no reports on Form 8-K filed during the
fourth quarter ended December 31, 1996.
-38-
<PAGE> 41
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to
be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the
City of Laguna Hills, State of California, on March 18, 1997.
VOXEL
By: /s/ ALLAN M. WOLFE
--------------------------------------
Allan M. Wolfe, M.D.
Chief Executive Officer and President
By: /s/ MURRAY E. RUDIN
--------------------------------------
Murray E. Rudin
Principal Financial Officer and
Principal Accounting Officer
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934,
this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the
registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SIGNATURE TITLE DATE
--------- ----- ----
<S> <C> <C>
/s/ ALLAN M. WOLFE
- -----------------------------
Allan M. Wolfe, M.D. Director March 18, 1997
/s/ JAMES B. ANDERSON
- -----------------------------
James B. Anderson, Ph.D. Director March 18, 1997
/s/ ALAN S. DISHLIP
- -----------------------------
Alan S. Dishlip Director March 18, 1997
/s/ JAMES C. DREYFOUS
- -----------------------------
James C. Dreyfous Director March 18, 1997
/s/ JOHN M. HOLLIMAN, III
- -----------------------------
John M. Holliman, III Director March 18, 1997
</TABLE>
-39-
<PAGE> 42
INDEX TO EXHIBITS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
EXHIBIT
NUMBER DESCRIPTION
- ------ -----------
<S> <C> <C>
11.1 Statement re Computation of Per Share Earnings ................. 41
27 Financial Data Schedule included herein
</TABLE>
-40-
<PAGE> 1
EXHIBIT 11.1
VOXEL
COMPUTATION OF NET LOSS PER SHARE
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE AMOUNTS)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended
December 31,
-----------------------------------
1994 1995 1996
---- ---- ----
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Net loss ($4,757) ($5,577) ($6,440)
======== ======== ========
Weighted average common shares outstanding 624 4,183 6,314
Adjustment to reflect the requirements of SAB 83 237 - -
-------- -------- --------
Shares used in computing primary loss per share 861 4,183 6,314
======== ======== ========
Net loss per share ($5.52) ($1.33) ($1.02)
======== ======== ========
PRO FORMA LOSS PER SHARE
Net loss ($4,757)
Interest on supplemental investor notes and bridge notes 276
--------
Pro forma net loss ($4,481)
========
Shares used to compute primary loss per share 861
Shares to be issued upon conversion of convertible preferred stock 1,325
Shares to be issued upon conversion of convertible shareholder notes payable 492
Shares to be issued upon conversion of Series B warrant -
--------
Shares used to compute pro forma loss per share 2,678
========
Pro forma net loss per share ($1.67)
========
SUPPLEMENTAL PRO FORMA LOSS PER SHARE
Pro forma net loss ($4,481)
Adjustment to reverse related interest expense 71
--------
Supplemental pro forma net loss ($4,410)
========
Shares used to compute pro forma loss per share 2,678
Shares assumed to be used to retire debt 165
--------
Shares used to compute supplemental pro forma loss per share 2,843
========
Supplemental pro forma loss per share ($1.55)
========
</TABLE>
-41-
<TABLE> <S> <C>
<ARTICLE> 5
<MULTIPLIER> 1,000
<CURRENCY> U.S. DOLLARS
<S> <C>
<PERIOD-TYPE> 12-MOS
<FISCAL-YEAR-END> DEC-31-1996
<PERIOD-START> JAN-01-1996
<PERIOD-END> DEC-31-1996
<EXCHANGE-RATE> 1
<CASH> 807
<SECURITIES> 6,112
<RECEIVABLES> 0
<ALLOWANCES> 0
<INVENTORY> 0
<CURRENT-ASSETS> 7,037
<PP&E> 1,381
<DEPRECIATION> 867
<TOTAL-ASSETS> 7,625
<CURRENT-LIABILITIES> 212
<BONDS> 0
0
0
<COMMON> 7,406
<OTHER-SE> 0
<TOTAL-LIABILITY-AND-EQUITY> 7,625
<SALES> 0
<TOTAL-REVENUES> 0
<CGS> 0
<TOTAL-COSTS> 0
<OTHER-EXPENSES> 6,690
<LOSS-PROVISION> 0
<INTEREST-EXPENSE> 10
<INCOME-PRETAX> (6,440)
<INCOME-TAX> 0
<INCOME-CONTINUING> (6,440)
<DISCONTINUED> 0
<EXTRAORDINARY> 0
<CHANGES> 0
<NET-INCOME> (6,440)
<EPS-PRIMARY> (1.02)
<EPS-DILUTED> (1.02)
</TABLE>
