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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
--------------------------------------
FORM 8-K
CURRENT REPORT
Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported):
July 22, 1998
KTI, INC.
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in Charter)
New Jersey 33-85234 22-2665282
(State or other juris- (Commission (IRS Employer
diction of incorporation) File Number) Identification
Number)
7000 Boulevard East, Guttenberg, New Jersey 07093
(Address of principal executive office) (Zip Code)
Registrant's telephone number including area code- (201) 854-7777
Not Applicable
(Former name and former address, as changed since last report)
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ITEM 2. ACQUISITION OR DISPOSITION OF ASSETS.
On July 22, 1998, KTI, Inc., a New Jersey corporation (the Company or
the Registrant) executed definitive documentation in connection with the merger
with FCR, Inc. The merger is contingent upon compliance with the Hart Scott
Rodino Antitrust Improvement Act and other usual and customary documentation.
Donaldson, Lufkin & Jenrette acted as a financial adviser to the Company and
issued a fairness opinion. The purchase price consists of: (a) 1,714,285 shares
of the Company's common stock; (b) $30,000,000 in cash; and (c) an earnout of up
to $30,000,000 to be paid in a combination of cash and stock. The stock to be
issued in payment of the earnout, will be valued at the higher of $23 per share
or the then market value of such shares, based on the average of closing sale
price per share during the ten trading days preceding the payment date, unless
the market value is less than $18.00 per share. In such case, the cash component
of the earnout price will be increase dollar for dollar of the per share
reduction in the market value of such stock below $18.00 per share.
The necessary notices under the Hart Scott Rodino Antitrust Improvement
Act were filed on July 27, 1998 and the related waiting period thereunder to
expire on August 27, 1998. It is expected that the merger will be consummated
immediately following the expiration of such period.
FCR is a national waste processing company, owning 26 plants in 12
states. The plants operate in three businesses, material recovery facilities,
cellulose insulation and plastic recycling.
Eighteen of the plants are material recovery facilities, based in 10
states. These plants currently process materials at the rate of 650,000 tons of
recyclables per year. The Company's existing material recovery facilities
currently process material at the rate of 500,000 tons of recyclables per year.
Five of the plants are cellulose insulation plants, based in four
states. A sixth cellulose insulation plant is under construction. The cellulose
insulation plants operate under the name of U.S. Fiber, Inc.
The plastic recycling business operates three plastic recycling plants.
These plants currently process plastic at the rate of 50 million pounds per
year. The Company has a subsidiary in the plastic trading and brokerage
business, which presently trades plastic at the rate of 40 million pounds per
year.
Paul Garrett, the Chief Executive Officer of FCR will become the Vice
Chairman of the Company's Board of Directors. He and two other current FCR
Directors will become Directors of the Company.
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ITEM 7. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND EXHIBITS
(a) Exhibits.
Exhibit Number Description
- -------------- -----------
4.1 Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of July 22, 1998 by
and between KTI, Inc. and FCR, Inc. The exhibits to the
Agreement and Plan of Merger do not contain information
which is material to an investment decision.
4.2 Donaldson, Lufkin & Jenrette letter of July 7, 1998.
4.3 News release dated July 22, 1998
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934,
the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned hereunto duly authorized.
KTI, Inc.
(the Registrant)
Dated: July 29, 1998 By: /s/ Martin J. Sergi
----------------------
Name: Martin J. Sergi
Title: President
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EXHIBIT INDEX
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Exhibit Number Description
- -------------- -----------
4.1 Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of July 22, 1998 by
and between KTI, Inc. and FCR, Inc. The exhibits to the
Agreement and Plan of Merger do not contain information
which is material to an investment decision.
4.2 Donaldson, Lufkin & Jenrette letter of July 7, 1998.
4.3 News release dated July 22, 1998
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AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER
by and among
KTI, INC.,
KTI ACQUISITION SUB, INC.,
FCR, INC.
and
CERTAIN OF THE SECURITYHOLDERS OF
FCR, INC.
July 22, 1998
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER
THIS AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER (this "Agreement"), is entered
into as of July 22, 1998, by and among KTI, INC., a New Jersey corporation (the
"Buyer"), KTI ACQUISITION SUB, INC., a Delaware corporation and a wholly-owned
subsidiary of the Buyer (the "Merger Sub"), FCR, INC., a Delaware corporation
(the "Company"), and certain of the holders of securities of the Company set
forth on Exhibit A, annexed hereto (individually, a "Holder" and collectively,
the "Holders").
W I T N E S S E T H:
WHEREAS, the Holders are the beneficial and record owners of a
majority of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock (the "Shares")
and other rights to purchase Shares or other equity securities of the Company
(together with the Shares, the "Securities"); and
WHEREAS, the boards of directors of the Buyer, the Merger Sub and
the Company deem it advisable and in the best interests of their respective
securityholders to consummate and have approved the business combination
transaction provided for herein in which the Company would merge with and into
the Merger Sub, and the Company would become a wholly-owned subsidiary of the
Buyer (the "Merger," and the Merger and the other transactions contemplated by
this Agreement and the Related Agreements (as defined in Section 12.1 hereof),
the "Transactions"); and
WHEREAS, the Company, the Buyer, the Merger Sub and the Holders
wish to provide the terms and conditions upon which the Merger would be
consummated.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and the mutual
covenants herein contained and for other good and valuable consideration, the
receipt and adequacy of which are hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto,
intending to be legally bound, agree as follows:
ARTICLE I
THE MERGER
Section I.1. The Merger. (a) Subject to the terms and conditions
of this Agreement, at the Effective Time (as defined below), the Company shall
be merged with and into the Merger Sub in accordance with the Delaware General
Corporation Law (the "DGCL"), whereupon the separate existence of the Company
(except as may be continued by operation of law) shall cease, and the Merger Sub
shall be the surviving corporation (the "Surviving Corporation"). At the
election of the Buyer and with the prior written consent of the Company, any
direct or indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of the Buyer may be substituted for
the Merger Sub as a constituent corporation in the Merger for purposes of this
Section 1.1.
(b) As soon as practicable after satisfaction, or, to the extent
permitted hereunder, waiver, of all conditions to the Merger, the Company and
the Merger Sub will file a certificate of merger, in substantially the form
attached hereto as Exhibit B (the "Certificate of Merger"), with the Secretary
of State of the State of Delaware and make all other filings or recordings
required by the
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DGCL in connection with the Merger. The Merger shall become effective at such
time as the Certificate of Merger is duly filed with the Secretary of State of
the State of Delaware or at such later time as is specified in the certificate
of merger (the "Effective Time").
Section I.2. Effect of the Merger. From and after the Effective
Time, the Surviving Corporation shall possess all the rights, privileges,
powers, purposes, immunities and franchises and be subject to all of the
restrictions, disabilities and duties, of a public as well as of a private
nature, of the Company and the Merger Sub and the Merger shall have all of the
effects set forth in Sections 251, 259, 260 and 261 of the DGCL.
Section I.3. Conversion of Securities. At the Effective Time, by
virtue of the Merger and without any action on the part of any of the Buyer, the
Merger Sub, the Company, the Surviving Corporation or the stockholders (or
shareholders) of any of the foregoing entities:
(a) Each share of common stock, par value $.01 per share, of the
Company ("Company Common Stock") issued and outstanding immediately prior to the
Effective Time (other than shares held in the treasury of the Company) shall be
cancelled and shall be converted into the right to receive solely (i) an amount
(payable in cash and common stock, no par value, of the Buyer ("Buyer Common
Stock") valued at the Initial Price (as defined below) as more fully set forth
in Section 1.9 hereof) equal to the quotient of $60,000,000 divided by the Share
Equivalent Number (as defined below) (the "Per Share Initial Consideration"),
(ii) a number of shares of Buyer Common Stock equal to the quotient of the
Contingent Common Shares (as defined below) divided by the Share Equivalent
Number (as defined below) (the "Per Share Contingent Common Shares"), and (iii)
an amount equal to the quotient of the Contingent Payment (as defined below)
divided by the Share Equivalent Number (the "Per Share Contingent Payment").
(b) Each share of series A convertible preferred stock, par value
$.01 per share, of the Company ("Company Class A Preferred Stock") issued and
outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time (other than shares held in
the treasury of the Company) shall be cancelled and shall be converted into the
right to receive solely (i) an amount (payable in cash and Buyer Common Stock
valued at the Initial Price as more fully set forth in Section 1.9 hereof) equal
to the product of the Per Share Initial Consideration multiplied by the number
of shares of Company Common Stock into which such share of Company Class A
Preferred Stock is convertible in accordance with its terms (the "Class A
Conversion Number"), (ii) a number of shares of Buyer Common Stock equal to the
product of the Per Share Contingent Common Shares multiplied by the Class A
Conversion Number, and (iii) the product of the Per Share Contingent Payment
multiplied by the Class A Conversion Number.
(c) Each share of series B convertible preferred stock, par value
$.01 per share, of the Company ("Company Class B Preferred Stock") issued and
outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time (other than shares held in
the treasury of the Company) shall be cancelled and shall be converted into the
right to receive solely (i) an amount (payable in cash and Buyer Common Stock
valued at the Initial Price as more fully set forth in Section 1.9 hereof) equal
to the product of the Per Share Initial Consideration multiplied by the number
of shares of Company Common Stock into which such share of Company Class B
Preferred Stock is convertible in accordance with its
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terms (the "Class B Conversion Number"), (ii) a number of shares of Buyer Common
Stock equal to the product of the Per Share Contingent Common Shares multiplied
by the Class B Conversion Number, and (iii) the product of the Per Share
Contingent Payment multiplied by the Class B Conversion Number.
(d) Each share of series C convertible preferred stock, par value
$.01 per share, of the Company ("Company Class C Preferred Stock," and
collectively with the Company Class A Preferred Stock and the Company Class B
Preferred Stock, the "Company Preferred Stock") issued and outstanding
immediately prior to the Effective Time (other than shares held in the treasury
of the Company) shall be cancelled and shall be converted into the right to
receive solely (i) an amount (payable in cash and Buyer Common Stock valued at
the Initial Price as more fully set forth in Section 1.9 hereof) equal to the
product of the Per Share Initial Consideration multiplied by the number of
shares of Company Common Stock into which such share of Company Class B
Preferred Stock is convertible in accordance with its terms (the "Class C
Conversion Number"), (ii) a number of shares of Buyer Common Stock equal to the
product of the Per Share Contingent Common Shares multiplied by the Class C
Conversion Number, and (iii) the product of the Per Share Contingent Payment
multiplied by the Class C Conversion Number.
(e) Each share of Company Common Stock or Company Preferred Stock
which immediately prior to the Effective Time is held in the treasury of the
Company shall be cancelled and retired and no payment shall be made with respect
thereto.
(f) Each warrant to purchase Company Common Stock outstanding
immediately prior to the Effective Time (which warrants are listed on Exhibit C,
annexed hereto, the "Warrants") shall be terminated and cancelled and shall be
converted into the right to receive solely (i) an amount (payable in cash and
Buyer Common Stock valued at the Initial Price as more fully set forth in
Section 1.9 hereof) equal to the product of the Per Share Initial Consideration
multiplied by the number of shares of Company Common Stock which are issuable
upon the exercise of such Warrant (the "Warrant Exercise Amount"), (ii) a number
of shares of Buyer Common Stock equal to the product of the Per Share Contingent
Common Shares multiplied by the Warrant Exercise Amount, and (iii) the product
of the Per Share Contingent Payment multiplied by the Warrant Exercise Amount.
(g) Each option to purchase Company Common Stock outstanding
immediately prior to the Effective Time (which options are listed on Exhibit D,
annexed hereto, the "Options") shall be terminated and cancelled and shall be
converted into the right to receive solely (i) an amount equal (payable in cash
and Buyer Common Stock valued at the Initial Price as more fully set forth in
Section 1.9 hereof) to the product of the Per Share Initial Consideration
multiplied by the share equivalent amount set forth on Exhibit D, annexed
hereto, for the applicable option (the "Option Share Equivalent"), (ii) a number
of shares of Buyer Common Stock equal to the product of the Per Share Contingent
Common Shares multiplied by the applicable Option Share Equivalent, and (iii)
the product of the Per Share Contingent Payment multiplied by the applicable
Option Share Equivalent.
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(h) Each share of common stock, no par value, of the Merger Sub
issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be
converted into and become one validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable
share of common stock, par value $.01 per share, of the Surviving Corporation
with the same rights and privileges as the shares so converted and shall
constitute the only outstanding shares of capital stock of the Surviving
Corporation.
(i) As used herein, the following terms shall have the meanings
set forth below:
(i) "Share Equivalent Number" shall mean the aggregate, as
of the Effective Time, of the number of shares of Company Common Stock issued
and outstanding, the number of shares of Company Common Stock into which all
outstanding shares of Company Preferred Stock are then convertible, the number
of shares of Company Stock that are then issuable upon the exercise of all
outstanding Warrants and the Option Share Equivalents of all outstanding
Options.
(ii) "Initial Price" shall mean $17.50 per share.
(iii) "Initial Market Price" shall mean the last reported
sales price of the Buyer Common Stock on the Closing Date (as defined below)
determined in accordance with the method set forth below in the definition of
Market Price.
(iv) "Initial Tax Value" shall mean the product of (x) the
Initial Market Price multiplied by (y) 0.925.
(v) "Total Nominal Value" shall mean the lesser of (x)
$90,000,000 and (y) the product of (I) the Annualized EBITDA (as defined below)
multiplied by (II) 6.5, less the Payment Date Company Debt (as defined below).
(vi) "Residual Value" shall mean the Total Nominal Value
less $60,000,000.
(vii) "Contingent Market Price" shall mean the Market Price
(as defined below) measured as of the date the Company delivers the Earn-Out
Certificate (as defined below).
(viii) "Adjusted Residual Value" shall mean the product of
(x) the Residual Value and (y) the quotient of (I) the Contingent Market Price
divided by (II) $23.
(ix) "Second Adjusted Residual Value" shall mean the
product of (x) the Residual Value and (y) the quotient of (I) $18 divided by
(II) $23.
(x) "Primary Deal Value" shall mean the sum of (x) the
Cash Consideration (as defined below), (y) the product of (I) the Initial Stock
Consideration (as defined below) multiplied by (II) the Initial Tax Value, and
(z) the Residual Value.
(xi) "Adjusted Deal Value" shall mean the sum of (x) the
Cash Consideration, (y) the product of (I) the Initial Stock Consideration
multiplied by (II) the Initial Tax Value, and (z) the Adjusted Residual Value.
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(xii) "Second Adjusted Deal Value" shall mean the sum of (x)
the Cash Consideration, (y) the product of (I) the Initial Stock Consideration
multiplied by (II) the Initial Tax Value, and (z) the Second Adjusted Residual
Value.
(xiii) "Contingent Common Shares" shall mean,
(x) if the Contingent Market Price is $23 or greater,
the quotient of (I) (A) forty percent of the Primary Deal Value, less (B) the
Initial Stock Consideration multiplied by the Initial Tax Value, divided by (II)
the Contingent Market Price (the "First Share Amount");
(y) if the Contingent Market Price is less than $23,
but greater than $18, the quotient of (I) (A) forty percent of the Adjusted Deal
Value, less (B) the Initial Stock Consideration multiplied by the Initial Tax
Value, divided by (II) the Contingent Market Price (the "Second Share Amount");
and
(z) if the Contingent Market Price is less than $18,
the quotient of (I) (A) forty percent of the Second Adjusted Deal Value, less
(B) the Initial Stock Consideration multiplied by the Initial Tax Value, divided
by (II) the Contingent Market Price (the "Third Share Amount").
(xiv) "Contingent Payment" shall mean,
(x) if the Contingent Market Price is $23 or greater,
the result of (I) the Residual Value, less (II) the product of (A) the First
Share Amount, multiplied by (B) the Contingent Market Price;
(y) if the Contingent Market Price is less than $23,
but greater than $18, the result of (I) the Adjusted Residual Value, less (II)
the product of (A) the Second Share Amount, multiplied by (B) the Contingent
Market Price; and
(z) if the Contingent Market Price is less than $18,
the result of (I) the Second Adjusted Residual Value, less (II) the product of
(A) the Third Share Amount, multiplied by (B) the Contingent Market Price.
(xv) "EBITDA" for any period, shall mean the sum of
Consolidated Net Income from Continuing Operations (as defined below), plus
Consolidated Interest Expense (as defined below) plus (or minus) the following
to the extent deducted (or added) in calculating such Consolidated Net Income
from Continuing Operations: (A) all income tax expense (or benefit) of the
Company, its Subsidiaries and the Acquired Entity (as defined below), (B)
depreciation expense of the Company, its Subsidiaries and the Acquired Entity,
and (C) amortization expense (or income) of the Company, its Subsidiaries and
the Acquired Entity (excluding amortization expense (or income) included in
Consolidated Interest Expense), in each case for such period, all as determined
(except as otherwise provided in subsections (xvi) and (xvii) below) in
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles consistently applied
("GAAP"), provided, however, that the results of operations of the Acquired
Entity only for the period following its acquisition by the Company
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shall be included in calculating EBITDA. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the
provision for taxes based on the income or profits of, and the depreciation and
amortization of, a Subsidiary of the Company (including the Acquired Entity)
shall be added to Consolidated Net Income from Continuing Operations to compute
EBITDA only to the extent (and in the same proportion) that the net income (or
loss) of such Subsidiary was included in calculating Consolidated Net Income
from Continuing Operations.
(xvi) "Consolidated Net Income from Continuing Operations"
shall mean, for any period, the net income (or loss) of the Company, its
Subsidiaries and the Acquired Entity (from its date of acquisition by the
Company); provided, however, that there shall not be included in such
Consolidated Net Income from Continuing Operations: (A) any net income (or loss)
of any person acquired by the Company or a Subsidiary of the Company following
the Closing other than the Acquired Entity for any period prior to or following
the date of such acquisition; (B) any gain or loss realized upon the sale or
other disposition of any assets of the Company or its Subsidiaries (including
the Acquired Entity and including pursuant to any sale-and-leaseback
arrangement) which is not sold or otherwise disposed of in the ordinary course
of business and any gain or loss realized upon the sale or other disposition of
any capital stock of any person; (C) extraordinary gains or losses; (D) the
cumulative effect of a change in accounting principles, in each case in
accordance with GAAP; and (E) Consolidated Interest Income. In determining the
Consolidated Net Income from Continuing Operations for a period, there shall be
added to the net income of the Company, its Subsidiaries and the Acquired
Entity, to the extent otherwise deducted therefrom, (1) the full amount of any
payments made during such period to prior owners of any of the assets of such
parties, in respect of the purchase price therefor, whether determined with
reference to revenues or earnings, including any payments for covenants not to
compete; (2) any fees and/or costs payable to third parties unaffiliated with
the Company or any of the Holders incurred in connection with the Transactions
and the acquisition of the Acquired Entity (the "Transaction Costs"); (3) any
amounts related to the payment of bonuses to certain employees of the Company
prior to the Closing Date, which bonuses shall not exceed $1,000,000 in the
aggregate (the "Bonus Payments"); (4) any amounts related to the amendment to or
exercise of the Options, including any payments to the holders of Options in
connection with the exercise of the Options and receipt of such payment
(assuming a marginal tax rate not to exceed 44%); (5) any amounts related to the
forgiveness by the Company of certain employee loans prior to the Closing, which
employee loans shall not exceed $800,000; (6) any amounts for which the Buyer
seeks and receives (whether by payment or offset pursuant to Article X)
indemnification pursuant to Section 10.1; and (7) any incremental direct costs
and expenses related to activities and operations of entities other than the
Company, its Subsidiaries or the Acquired Entity, which incremental direct costs
and expenses should be itemized and reported to the Buyer within five business
days of the end of each calendar month.
(xvii) "Consolidated Interest Expense" shall mean, for any
period, the total interest expense of the Company, its Subsidiaries and the
Acquired Entity (from its date of acquisition by the Company), plus, to the
extent not included in such total interest expense, and to the extent incurred
by the Company, its Subsidiaries or the Acquired Entity, without duplication,
(A) interest expense attributable to capital leases and the interest expense
attributable to leases constituting part of a sale-and-leaseback transaction,
(B) amortization of debt discount and debt
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issuance cost, (C) capitalized interest, (D) non-cash interest expenses, (E)
commissions, discounts and other fees and charges owed with respect to letters
of credit and bankers' acceptance financing, (F) preferred stock dividends in
respect of all preferred stock held by persons other than the Company or a
wholly-owned Subsidiary of the Company, (G) interest incurred in connection with
investments in discontinued operations, and (H) interest accruing on any
indebtedness of any other person to the extent such indebtedness is guaranteed
by (or secured by the assets of) the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, in each
case in accordance with GAAP.
(xviii) "Consolidated Interest Income" shall mean, for any
period, the total interest income of the Company, its Subsidiaries and the
Acquired Entity (from its date of acquisition by the Company).
(xix) "Annualized EBITDA" shall mean (I) (1) the EBITDA for
the period from July 1, 1998 through December 31, 1998 (2) plus the Acquired
Entity EBITDA Amount and (3) plus $600,000 (II) multiplied by two.
(xx) "Payment Date Company Debt" shall mean (A) all
outstanding indebtedness on December 31, 1998 of the Company, its Subsidiaries
and the Acquired Entity that is attributable to (1) indebtedness of the Company,
its Subsidiaries or the Acquired Entity outstanding on the Closing Date (as
defined below) or indebtedness incurred in replacement thereof, (2) any
indebtedness incurred in connection with the acquisition of the Acquired Entity,
or any indebtedness incurred in replacement thereof, and (3) indebtedness
incurred in connection with the operations of the Company, its subsidiaries or
the Acquired Entity following the Closing Date plus (B) the Earn-Out Debt (as
defined below) plus (C) to the extent not previously included in (A), the
Transactions Costs plus (D) to the extent not previously included in (A), the
Bonus Payments. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein,
Payment Date Company Debt shall not include (i) debt incurred by the Company in
connection with payments to holders of Options for the income taxes payable by
each such Holder in connection with the exercise of the Options and the receipt
of such payment (assuming a marginal rate not to exceed 44%) and (ii) debt
related to capital expenditures incurred by U.S. Fibers in connection with its
new Texas facility, which new facility is not expected to generate positive
EBITDA during calendar year 1998.
(xxi) "Acquired Entity" shall mean Applegate Insulation
Manufacturing Inc. and affiliates, following the date of acquisition by the
Buyer or the Company.
(xxii) "Earn-Out Debt" shall mean, the good faith estimate
of a representative of the Buyer of the present value, as at December 31, 1998,
of all future payments required to be made by the Company, its Subsidiaries and
the Acquired Entity to prior owners of any of the assets of such parties, in
respect of the revenues or earnings of such parties or otherwise in respect of
the purchase price therefor.
(xxiii) "Market Price" shall mean, as of a specified date,
the average of the last reported sales prices of Buyer Common Stock (or any
successor security) for the ten (10) consecutive trading days ending on three
(3) days preceding such date (or the last trading date preceding such date) as
reported on the principal securities exchange on which Buyer Common
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Stock is then listed or admitted to trading or by the Nasdaq Stock Market, Inc.
("NASDAQ"), or, if Buyer Common Stock is not then listed or admitted to trading
on any national securities exchange or quoted by NASDAQ, the average closing bid
price as furnished by the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc.
through NASDAQ or a similar organization if NASDAQ is no longer reporting such
information, or, if Buyer Common Stock is not then quoted on NASDAQ, as
determined in good faith by the board of directors of the Buyer, based upon the
best information then available to it. Should the Contingent Market Price be
determined by the board of directors of the Buyer pursuant to the last clause of
the immediately preceding sentence, such determination shall, absent manifest
error, be binding on each of the parties to this Agreement.
(xxiv) "Acquired Entity EBITDA Amount" shall mean, with
respect to the Acquired Entity, the product of (A) the ratio of EBITDA to net
sales with respect to the Company's insulation division from and after the date
of the acquisition of the Acquired Entity through December 31, 1998, multiplied
by (B) the net sales of the Acquired Entity during the period July 1, 1998
through the date of the acquisition of the Acquired Entity by the Company.
Section I.4. Surrender and Payment. (a) At the Effective Time,
the Buyer will pay to the Holders, the Initial Merger Consideration (as defined
below) in respect of each Holder's Securities against delivery of such
Securities.
(b) At and after the Effective Time, Holders of Securities shall
cease to have any rights as equity holders of the Company, except for the right
to surrender the certificate or certificates representing such Holder's
Securities in exchange for payment of the Merger Consideration (as defined
below) in respect of such Securities. After the Effective Time, there shall be
no further registration of transfers of Securities. If, after the Effective
Time, certificates representing Securities are presented to the Surviving
Corporation, they shall be cancelled and exchanged for the Merger Consideration
(as defined below) provided for, and in accordance with the procedures set
forth, in this Article I.
Section I.5. Waiver of Dissenters Rights. By execution hereof,
each Holder waives any and all rights it may have as a dissenter or to any
appraisal of such Securities, including, without limitation, any rights pursuant
to Section 262 of the DGCL. Holders of Securities which are outstanding on the
date of the determination of the Company's stockholders entitled to vote on the
Merger that have complied with all requirements for perfecting stockholder
rights of appraisal, as set forth in the DGCL (collectively, the "Eligible
Dissenting Shares"), will be entitled to their rights under the DGCL with
respect to such shares.
Section I.6. Certificate of Incorporation. The certificate of
incorporation of the Merger Sub as in effect at the Effective Time shall be the
certificate of incorporation of the Surviving Corporation until amended in
accordance with applicable law, except that the name of the Surviving
Corporation shall be changed to "FCR, Inc."
Section I.7. By-Laws. The by-laws of the Merger Sub in effect at
the Effective Time shall be the by-laws of the Surviving Corporation until
amended in accordance with applicable law.
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Section I.8. Directors and Officers. From and after the Effective
Time, until successors are duly elected or appointed and qualified in accordance
with applicable law: (a) the directors of the Surviving Corporation shall
consist of those persons set forth on Exhibit E, annexed hereto; and (b) the
officers of the Surviving Corporation shall be the officers of the Company at
the Effective Time, in each case, until their respective successors are duly
elected or appointed and qualify in the manner provided in the certificate of
incorporation and by-laws of the Surviving Corporation or as otherwise provided
by law.
Section I.9. Purchase Price and Payment for the Securities.
(a) Subject to Section 1.3, the aggregate purchase price for the
Securities shall consist of (i) $30,000,000 (the "Cash Consideration"), (ii)
1,714,285 shares of Buyer Common Stock (the "Initial Stock Consideration" and
collectively with the Cash Consideration, the "Initial Merger Consideration")
and (iii) (A) a number of shares of Buyer Common Stock equal to the Contingent
Common Shares (together with the Initial Stock Consideration, the "Stock
Consideration") and (B) the Contingent Payment (collectively, the "Earn-Out
Consideration," and together with the Initial Merger Consideration, the "Merger
Consideration").
(b) Payment of Purchase Price. The Merger Consideration shall be
paid by the Buyer, as follows:
(i) At the Closing (as defined below), the Buyer shall pay
the Initial Merger Consideration to the holders of the Company's capital stock.
Each holder of the Company's capital stock shall receive shares of Buyer Common
Stock (valued at the Initial Price) and cash equal in value to the product of
that portion of the Share Equivalent Number represented by such holder's shares
of capital stock multiplied by the Per Share Initial Consideration. The
respective amounts of each such holder's portion of the Initial Merger
Consideration that is to be paid in cash and Buyer Common Stock shall be as set
forth on Exhibit A, annexed hereto. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary
contained herein and irrespective of the allocation of the Initial Merger
Consideration set forth in Exhibit A, in the event that any holders of capital
stock of the Company who are not a party to this Agreement assert dissenter's
right of appraisal pursuant to Section 262 of the DGCL, the Buyer may, in its
sole and absolute discretion, reallocate the payment of cash and Buyer Common
Stock comprising the Initial Merger Considerations as Buyer deems necessary in
order that the Merger qualify as a tax-free reorganization for federal income
tax purposes.
(ii) No later than March 31, 1999, the Buyer shall deliver to
the Holders a certificate (the "Earn-Out Certificate") prepared by a
representative of the Buyer setting forth the Buyer's calculation of Annualized
EBITDA (the "Initial EBITDA Amount") and each of the components thereof together
with the Buyer's workpapers reflecting their calculation of such amount, which
shall be based upon the audited financial statements of the Company for the year
ended December 31, 1998 and the unaudited financial statements of the Company
for the period ended and as of June 30, 1998, which unaudited financial
statements shall have been prepared in accordance with GAAP and shall have been
reviewed and approved by the Buyer's auditors.
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Should the Holders, acting solely through the Representative (as
defined below), indicate in writing their acceptance of the calculation of the
Initial EBITDA Amount or fail to object to such calculation within fifteen (15)
days of delivery of the Earn-Out Certificate to the Holders, the "Final EBITDA
Amount" shall be equal to the Initial EBITDA Amount.
Should the Representative, acting on behalf of the Holders,
within fifteen (15) days of delivery of the Earn-Out Certificate, indicate in
writing the Representative's objection to the calculation of the Initial EBITDA
Amount (the "Objection"), which Objection shall set forth the Representative's
calculation of Annualized EBITDA, the Representative and the Buyer shall
endeavor in good faith to agree on a calculation of the proper Annualized
EBITDA, and any such agreed upon amount shall be the "Final EBITDA Amount." In
the event that the Buyer and the Representative agree that the Six-Month EBITDA
shall at least be equal to the Initial EBITDA Amount (the "Undisputed Amount"),
then only the difference shall be subject to the Objection and the Undisputed
Amount shall be paid as set forth in the next paragraph of this Section
1.9(b)(ii). If, within fifteen (15) days of delivery of the Objection, the
Representative and the Buyer cannot agree on the calculation of Annualized
EBITDA, the Buyer shall engage one of the so-called "big six" accounting firms
(excluding the firms and their affiliates who currently serve, or have served
within the prior two years, as the accountants for the Company and the Buyer),
reasonably acceptable to the Representative (the "Designated Arbitrator"), to
make a determination of the Annualized EBITDA; provided, however, that if the
parties fail or are unable to agree upon a "big six" accounting firm as
aforesaid, then the Designated Arbitrator shall be a firm of certified public
accountants designated by the American Arbitration Association in New York, New
York at the request of either party. The Designated Arbitrator shall be
instructed by the Buyer to make its determination within thirty (30) days of its
retention and such amount shall be the "Final EBITDA Amount." All fees and costs
of the Designated Arbitrator, if any, shall, (A) if Annualized EBITDA, as
determined by the Designated Arbitrator, is greater than as determined by the
Holders (as set forth in the Objection), be borne exclusively by the Buyer, (B)
if Annualized EBITDA, as determined by the Designated Arbitrator, is less than
as determined by the Buyer (as set forth in the Earn-Out Certificate), be borne
exclusively by the Holders, and (C) if Annualized EBITDA, as determined by the
Designated Arbitrator, is greater than or equal to as determined by the Buyer
(as set forth in the Earn-Out Certificate) and less than or equal to as
determined by the Holders (as set forth in the Objection), be borne pro rata by
the Buyer, on the one hand, and the Holders, on the other hand, in proportion to
the difference between the Designated Arbitrator's determination of Annualized
EBITDA and each of the Buyer's (as set forth in the Earn-Out Certificate) and
the Holders' (as set forth in the Objection) determination of such amount;
provided, however, that if in accordance with the foregoing formula either party
is determined to be responsible for payment of 75% or more of the fees and costs
of the Designated Arbitrator, then such party shall bear 100% of the fees and
costs of the Designated Arbitrator. The Buyer shall be entitled to withhold any
amounts payable to the Designated Arbitrator by the Holders hereunder from any
and all payments owing to the Holders in respect to the Earn-Out Consideration.
Such amounts shall be deducted pro rata from amounts payable to each Holder in
proportion to such Holder's respective share of Earn-Out Consideration, and
shall be deducted first from any payments to be made in respect of Per Share
Contingent Payments (collectively, the "Contingent Payments") that are to be
made in the form of cash, if any, owing to the Holders, and, if the aggregate of
such Contingent Payments shall be insufficient to cover all of such amounts
owing to the Designated Arbitrator from the Holders,
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from the payments of Per Share Contingent Common Shares being made to each
Holder (including those being made in the form of Converted Buyer Options being
paid to Holders of Options) (with such shares of Buyer Common Stock valued at
the greater of $23.00 and the Contingent Market Price).
No later than fifteen (15) days following determination of the
Final EBITDA Amount or the Undisputed Amount (if applicable), the Buyer shall
make payments to the Holders of the Per Share Contingent Common Shares and the
Per Share Contingent Payments in respect of each Holder's Securities, calculated
in accordance with clauses (iii) and (iv) of Section 1.3(i) hereof using the
Final EBITDA Amount as Annualized EBITDA (as reduced in accordance with the
immediately preceding paragraph).
Section I.10. Transfer Taxes. All transfer, documentary, sales,
use, stamp, registration, and other such Taxes (as defined in Section 12.1
hereof) and fees (including any penalties and interest) incurred in connection
with the Merger (including, without limitation, any real estate transfer tax and
any similar tax) shall be paid by the Holders when due, and the Holders will, at
their own expense, file all necessary Tax Returns (as defined in Section 12.1
hereof) and other documentation with respect to all such transfer, documentary,
sales, use, stamp, registration, and other Taxes and fees. If required by
applicable law, the Buyer will, and will cause its affiliates to, join in the
execution of any such Tax Returns and other documentation.
Section I.11. Adjustments for Capital Changes. If prior to the
Merger or prior to payment of the Earn-Out Consideration, Buyer recapitalizes
either through a split-up of its outstanding shares into a greater number, or
through a combination of its outstanding shares into a lesser number, or
reorganizes, reclassifies or otherwise changes its outstanding shares into the
same or a different number of shares of other classes (other than through a
split-up or combination of shares provided for in the previous clause), or
declares a dividend on its outstanding shares payable in shares or securities
convertible into shares, the Merger Consideration, Initial Merger Consideration
and Earn-Out Consideration (and the components thereof) will be adjusted
appropriately.
Section I.12. Letters of Transmittal. Immediately after the
Effective Time, Buyer will mail to each holder of record of Securities which
immediately prior to the Effective Time represented outstanding shares of
Securities, a letter of transmittal and instructions for such holder's use in
effecting the surrender of such certificates in exchange for certificates
representing shares of Buyer Common stock and cash, if applicable. Buyer will
begin issuing shares of Buyer Common Stock to holders of Securities who tender
certificates representing such shares and appropriately completed letters of
transmittal promptly following receipt thereof.
Section I.13. Lost Stolen or Destroyed Certificates. In the event
any certificates evidencing shares of Securities shall have been lost, stolen or
destroyed, Buyer shall issue in exchange for such lost, stolen or destroyed
certificates(s), upon the making of an affidavit of that fact by the holder
thereof and the delivery of an indemnity in favor of the Buyer, such shares of
Buyer Common Stock and cash as required pursuant to this Agreement.
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Section I.14. Registration Rights. Each stockholder of the Company
who will receive Buyer Common Stock shall execute a Registration Rights
Agreement in the form attached hereto as Exhibit F and shall have the
registration and other rights provided in such Registration Rights Agreement,
which Registration Rights Agreement is hereby incorporated herein by this
reference as if set forth in full in this Agreement. The parties hereto
stipulate and agree that the execution and delivery of the Registration Rights
Agreement is intended to provide the Stockholders of the Company with
flexibility in liquidating their investment in Buyer Common Stock and does not
evidence any present intention to dispose of such investment.
Section I.15. Certificates for Stock Consideration. Each certificate
representing shares constituting a portion of the Stock Consideration (unless
previously registered under the Securities Act) shall bear the following legend:
"THE SECURITIES EVIDENCED HEREBY HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE
SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE "SECURITIES ACT"), AND MAY NOT BE SOLD,
TRANSFERRED, EXCHANGED OR OTHERWISE DISPOSED OF EXCEPT IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE
REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT, AND THE RULES AND REGULATIONS PROMULGATED
THEREUNDER, AND ANY OTHER APPLICABLE LAWS, RULES AND REGULATIONS, INCLUDING
APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS, RULES AND REGULATIONS, UNLESS AN OPINION OF
COUNSEL REASONABLY SATISFACTORY TO COUNSEL FOR KTI, INC. IS GIVEN THAT EXEMPTION
FROM SUCH REGISTRATION IS AVAILABLE."
ARTICLE II
CLOSING; REPRESENTATIVE
Section II.1. Closing. The Closing of the Merger (the "Closing")
shall take place at the offices of McDermott, Will & Emery, 50 Rockefeller
Plaza, New York, New York 10020 on a date and time mutually agreed upon by the
Buyer and the Company to be as soon as practicable following the satisfaction or
waiver of all of the conditions to such Closing set forth in Articles VII and
VIII hereof. The date upon which the Closing occurs is hereinafter referred to
as the "Closing Date."
Section II.2. Items to be Delivered by the Company and the Holders
at the Closing.
In addition to the other deliveries or actions required to be
delivered or performed hereby, at the Closing, the Company and the Holders shall
deliver or cause to be delivered to the Buyer the following:
(a) the officer's certificate required by Section 7.1 hereof;
(b) the certificates required by Section 7.2 hereof, together with
all attachments thereto;
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(c) evidence of all consents, approvals, orders, releases,
qualifications or waivers required by Section 7.5 hereof, all of which are set
forth on Schedule 7.5 hereto;
(d) the certificates or other instruments representing all of the
securities;
(e) the corporate seal and all of the minute books and stock
transfer books of the Company and its Subsidiaries;
(f) the Employment Agreements (as defined in Section 7.6 hereof),
duly executed by each of the persons set forth in Exhibit G, annexed hereto;
(g) the Registration Rights Agreements (as defined in Section 8.7
hereof), duly executed by each of the Holders;
(h) title searches, abstracts or commitments as required by Schedule
7.8 hereof;
(i) evidence reasonably satisfactory to the Buyer of compliance with
the Municipality Contracts (as defined below) as described in Section 3.13(d)
hereof;
(j) copies of the Permits required pursuant to Section 7.3 hereof,
all of which are listed on Schedule 3.6 hereof;
(k) an agency letter from the Company authorizing the change of the
Company's insurance agency of record to Olympic Insurance Associates, Inc.; and
(l) such other certificates and other instruments and documents
required to be delivered by either the Company or the Holders pursuant to this
Agreement or any Related Agreement at or prior to the Closing or as may be
reasonably requested by the Buyer or its counsel in connection with the
Transactions.
Section II.3. Items to be Delivered by the Buyer at the Closing.
In addition to the other deliveries or actions required to be
delivered or performed hereby, at the Closing, the Buyer shall deliver or cause
to be delivered to the Company and the Holders the following:
(a) the officer's certificate contemplated by Section 8.1 hereof;
(b) the certificates required by Section 8.2 hereof, together with
all attachments thereto;
(c) the Initial Merger Consideration;
(d) the Employment Agreements, duly executed by the Buyer;
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(e) the Registration Rights Agreements, duly executed by the Buyer;
and
(f) such other certificates and other instruments and documents
required to be delivered by the Buyer or the Merger Sub pursuant to this
Agreement or any Related Agreement at or prior to the Closing or as may be
reasonably requested by the Company, the Holders or their counsel in connection
with the Transactions.
Section II.4. Representative. Each Holder appoints Robert A.
Williams as such Holder's representative (the "Representative"), to do any and
all things and to execute any and all documents or other papers (as defined in
Section 12.1 hereof), in such Holder's name, place and stead, in any way which
such Holder could do if personally present, in connection with this Agreement
and the Transactions, including, without limitation, to accept on such Holder's
behalf any amount payable to such Holder under this Agreement, and the Buyer
shall be entitled to rely, as being binding upon such Holder, upon any document
or other paper believed by it to be genuine and correct and to have been signed
or sent by the Representative, and the Buyer shall not be liable to any Holder
for any action taken or omitted to be taken by it in such reliance.
ARTICLE III
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY
The Company represents and warrants to the Buyer and the Merger Sub
as follows:
Section III.1. Organization and Qualification. The Company is a
corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws
of the State of Delaware, and has the requisite corporate power and lawful
authority to own, lease and operate its assets, properties (as defined in
Section 12.1 hereof) and business and to carry on its business as it is now
being conducted. The Company is duly qualified as a foreign corporation to
transact business, and is in good standing, in each jurisdiction where the
character of its properties, owned or leased, or the nature of its activities
makes such qualification necessary, except where the failure to be so qualified
would not have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company. For purpose of this
Agreement, a "Material Adverse Effect," with respect to any person or entity,
means a material adverse effect on the condition (financial or otherwise),
business, properties, assets, results of operations or prospects of such person
or entity and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole; and "Material Adverse Change"
means a change or a development involving a prospective change which would
result in a Material Adverse Effect. The Company does not own or lease property
in any jurisdiction other than its jurisdiction of incorporation and the
jurisdictions set forth on Schedule 3.1 hereto, and is not required for any
reason to be qualified or otherwise authorized to do business in any other
jurisdiction, except where the failure to be so qualified or authorized to do
business, would not have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company.
Section III.2. Subsidiaries; Investments. Schedule 3.2 hereto sets
forth each direct and indirect Subsidiary of the Company, including their
respective jurisdictions of incorporation. For purposes of this Agreement, the
term "Subsidiary" shall mean as to a person (as defined in Section 12.1 hereof)
any other person as to which such person, directly or indirectly, owns or has
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the power to vote, or to exercise a controlling influence with respect to, fifty
percent (50%) or more of the securities of any class of such other person, the
holders of which class are entitled to vote for the election of directors (or
persons performing similar functions) of such other person. The Company is,
directly or indirectly, the record and beneficial owner of all of the
outstanding shares of capital stock and securities of each of its Subsidiaries,
there are no irrevocable proxies with respect to such shares or proprietary
interests, as the case may be, and no equity securities of any such Subsidiaries
are or may become required to be issued by reason of any options, warrants,
convertible or exchangeable securities, subscriptions, rights (including any
preemptive, registration or anti-dilutive rights), stock appreciation rights,
calls or commitments of any character whatsoever (collectively, "Rights")
relating to shares of any capital stock or securities of any such Subsidiary,
and there are no contracts or other agreements (as defined in Section 12.1
hereof) by which any such Subsidiary is bound to issue additional shares of
capital stock or other securities, as the case may be, or any Rights relating to
such shares and other securities. All of such shares and proprietary interests
are owned by the Company free and clear of any Liens (as defined in Section 12.1
hereof) with respect thereto. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.2 hereto, each
Subsidiary of the Company is a corporation duly organized, validly existing and
in good standing under the laws of its respective jurisdiction of incorporation
and has the requisite corporate or other power and lawful authority to own,
lease and operate its respective, assets, properties and business and to carry
on its respective business as it is now being conducted. Except as set forth on
Schedule 3.2 hereto, each Subsidiary of the Company is duly qualified as a
foreign corporation to transact business, and is in good standing, in each
jurisdiction where the character of its properties, owned or leased, or the
nature of its activities makes such qualification necessary, except where the
failure to be so qualified or in good standing would not have a Material Adverse
Effect on the Company. No Subsidiary of the Company owns or leases property in
any jurisdiction other than its jurisdiction of incorporation and the
jurisdictions set forth on Schedule 3.2 hereto, and no Subsidiary of the Company
is required for any reason to be qualified or otherwise authorized to do
business, in any other jurisdiction, except where the failure to be so qualified
or authorized to do business, would not have a Material Adverse Effect on the
Company. Except for shares of capital stock and securities of the Company's
Subsidiaries, the Company does not, directly or indirectly, own or control or
have any capital or other equity interest or participation in, or any interest
convertible, exchangeable or exercisable for any capital or other equity
interest or participation in, nor is the Company, directly or indirectly,
subject to any obligation or requirement to provide funds to or invest in, any
person.
Section III.3. Capitalization. The authorized capital stock of the
Company consists of 6,175,000 shares consisting of: (a) 1,500,000 shares of
Company Class A Preferred Stock, (b) 75,000 shares of Company Class B Preferred
Stock, (c) 600,000 shares of Company Class C Preferred Stock, and (d) 4,000,000
shares of Company Common Stock. As of the date hereof: (x) 1,149,842 shares of
Company Class A Preferred Stock, 75,000 shares of Company Class B Preferred
Stock and 488,625 shares of Company Class C Preferred Stock, and 1,647,662
shares of Company Common Stock, are outstanding, and all such shares have been
validly issued and are fully paid and nonassessable; (y) no shares of Company
Class A Preferred Stock, no shares of Company Class B Preferred Stock and no
shares of Company Class C Preferred Stock, and no shares of Company Common
Stock, are held in the treasury of the Company; and (z) no shares of
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Company Class A Preferred Stock, no shares of Company Class B Preferred Stock
and no shares of Company Class C Preferred Stock, and 2,343,011 shares of
Company Common Stock are reserved for issuance. Except as set forth on Schedule
3.3 hereto, there are no other shares of capital stock of the Company
outstanding and no other outstanding Rights to which the Company or any of the
Holders is a party or may be bound requiring the issuance or sale of shares of
any capital stock of the Company, and there are no contracts or other agreements
by which the Company is or may become bound to issue additional shares of its
capital stock or any Rights relating to such shares. As to each such Right set
forth on Schedule 3.3 hereto, such Schedule 3.3 sets forth, as of the date of
this Agreement, the date of issuance of such security, the exercise price
thereof, the number of shares and the class of capital stock for which such
security is exercisable and the period during which such security may be
exercised.
Section III.4. Certificate of Incorporation and By-Laws; Minute
Books. Copies of the certificate of incorporation and by-laws of the Company and
each of its Subsidiaries and all amendments to each, have heretofore been
delivered or made available to the Buyer and such copies, as so amended, are
true, complete and accurate. The minute books of the Company and each of its
Subsidiaries contain true, complete and accurate records, in all material
respects, of all meetings and consents in lieu of meetings of their respective
boards of directors, and any committees thereof (or persons performing similar
functions), since the time of their respective organizations. The stock books of
the Company and each of its Subsidiaries are true, complete and accurate in all
material respects.
Section III.5. Authority Relative to this Agreement. The Company has
the corporate right, power, legal capacity and authority to enter into, execute
and deliver this Agreement and each Related Agreement to which the Company is a
party and to perform fully the Company's obligations hereunder and thereunder
and to consummate the Transactions. The execution and delivery of this Agreement
and each Related Agreement to which the Company is a party and the consummation
by the Company of the Transactions have been duly authorized by the board of
directors and stockholders of the Company and no other corporate proceedings on
the part of the Company are necessary to authorize the execution, delivery and
performance of this Agreement and each Related Agreement to which the Company is
a party and the consummation of the Transactions. This Agreement has been, and
each Related Agreement will be, duly executed and delivered by the Company and
this Agreement constitutes, and the Related Agreements to which the Company is a
party will constitute, the valid and binding obligations of the Company
enforceable against the Company in accordance with their respective terms,
except as such enforcement may be limited by: (a) applicable bankruptcy,
reorganization, insolvency, moratorium, fraudulent conveyance or other similar
laws affecting the enforcement of creditors' rights generally from time to time
in effect; and (b) the availability of equitable remedies (regardless of whether
enforceability is considered in a proceeding at law or in equity); provided,
however, that the Related Agreements will not be effective until the earlier of
the date set forth therein or the Effective Time.
Section III.6. Absence of Conflicts. Except as set forth in Schedule
3.6 hereto, the execution and delivery of this Agreement and each Related
Agreement to which the Company is a party, the consummation of the Transactions
and compliance with the provisions hereof and
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thereof, will not: (a) require any Permit (as defined below); (b) violate,
conflict with or result in a breach of any provision of or constitute a default
(or an event which, with notice or lapse of time or both, would constitute a
default) under, or result in the termination of or render terminable, or
accelerate the performance required by, or result in a creation of any Lien upon
any of the assets, properties or businesses of the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries under, any of the terms, conditions or provisions of (i) the
charter documents or by-laws of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries as
currently in effect or (ii) any contract or other agreement to which the Company
or any of its Subsidiaries or any of the Company's assets, properties or
business or any of its Subsidiaries' assets, properties or business may be
subject; or (c) subject to compliance with the statutes, laws, rules and
regulations referred to in Section 3.7 hereof and other than filings required
under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"), or
under state securities or "blue sky" laws, violate any judgment, ruling, order,
writ, injunction, award, decree, statute, law, ordinance, code, rule or
regulation of any Governmental Authority (as defined in Section 12.1 hereof)
which is applicable to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any of their
respective assets, properties or businesses, except, in the case of clauses (a),
(b) (ii) and (c) above, for such violations, conflicts, breaches, defaults,
terminations, accelerations or creations of Liens which would not have an
adverse effect on the ability of the parties hereto to consummate the
Transactions or have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company.
Section III.7. Governmental Permits and Approvals. Other than in
connection, or in compliance, with (a) the provisions of the Hart-Scott-Rodino
Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976, as amended, and the rules and regulations
promulgated thereunder (the "HSR Act"), (b) the filing of the Certificate of
Merger with the State of Delaware, (c) the compliance with applicable federal
and state securities laws and (d) such other filings or registrations with, or
authorizations, consents or approvals of, Governmental Authorities, the failure
of which to make or obtain would not reasonably be expected to have a Material
Adverse Effect on the Company or would not reasonably be expected to interfere
with or materially delay the consummation of the Transactions, no notice to,
filing or registration with, or permit, license, variance, waiver, exemption,
franchise, order, consent, authorization or approval of, any Governmental
Authority (collectively, "Permits") is necessary for the consummation of the
Transactions by the Company.
Section III.8. Financial Statements. The consolidated balance sheets
of the Company and its Subsidiaries as at December 31, 1996 and 1997, and the
related consolidated statements of income and cash flow for the years then
ended, including the notes thereto, audited or reported upon by Arthur Andersen
LLP, which have heretofore been delivered to the Buyer, fairly present, in all
material respects, the consolidated financial position of the Company and its
Subsidiaries as at such dates and the results of operations and cash flow of the
Company and its Subsidiaries for the years then ended in accordance with GAAP
applied on a consistent basis (except as indicated in the notes thereto). The
unaudited consolidated balance sheets of the Company and its Subsidiaries as at
May 31, 1998 and the related consolidated statements of income and cash flow for
the period then ended which have heretofore been delivered to the Buyer, fairly
present in all material respects (subject to normal year-end audit adjustments)
the consolidated financial position of the Company and its Subsidiaries as at
such dates and the results of operations and cash flow of the Company and its
Subsidiaries as of such dates and for the periods then ended in accordance with
GAAP applied on a consistent basis (other than the
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footnote disclosure included therewith). The foregoing consolidated financial
statements are hereinafter referred to collectively as the "Financials"; the
balance sheet at May 31, 1998 included in the Financials is hereinafter referred
to as the "Balance Sheet"; and May 31, 1998 is hereinafter referred to as the
"Balance Sheet Date."
Section III.9. No Material Adverse Change. Since December 31, 1997,
there has been no change which would have a Material Adverse Effect on the
Company and the Company does not have any knowledge (as is defined in Section
12.1 hereof) of any such change which is threatened, nor has there been any
damage, destruction or loss which would have a Material Adverse Effect, whether
or not covered by insurance.
Section III.10. Tax Matters.
(a) The total amounts set up as reserves for current and deferred
Taxes in the Financials are, and the total amounts accrued on the books and
records of the Company for the period commencing on the day following the
Balance Sheet Date and ending on the Closing Date will be, sufficient for the
payment of all Taxes, whether or not measured in whole or in part by net income,
whether disputed or not, which are hereafter found to be, or to have been, due
with respect to the conduct of the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries
up to and through the Balance Sheet Date and the Closing Date, respectively. The
amounts accrued for the period from the Balance Sheet Date to the Closing Date
will be computed consistently with the reserves on the Balance Sheet.
(b) Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries has filed all Tax
Returns that it was required to file, either separately or as a member of an
affiliate group of corporations. All such Tax Returns were correct and complete
in all respects. All Taxes owed by any of the Company and its Subsidiaries
(whether or not shown on any Tax Return) have been paid. None of the Company and
its Subsidiaries currently is the beneficiary of any extension of time within
which to file any Tax Return except as shown on Schedule 3.10 hereto. No claim
has ever been made by a Taxing Authority (as defined in Section 12.1 hereof) in
a jurisdiction where any of the Company and its Subsidiaries does not file Tax
Returns that it is or may be subject to taxation by that jurisdiction. There are
no security interests on any of the assets of any of the Company and its
Subsidiaries that arose in connection with any failure (or alleged failure) to
pay any Tax.
(c) Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries has withheld and paid
all Taxes required to have been withheld and paid in connection with amounts
paid or owing to any employee, independent contractor, creditor, stockholder, or
other third party.
(d) There is no dispute or claim concerning any liability for Tax of
any of the Company and its Subsidiaries either (i) claimed or raised by any
Taxing Authority in writing or (ii) as to which the Company and its Subsidiaries
has knowledge based upon personal contact with any agent of such Taxing
Authority. Schedule 3.10 hereto lists all federal, state, local, and foreign Tax
Returns filed with respect to any of the Company and its Subsidiaries for
taxable periods ended on or after December 31, 1990, indicates those Tax Returns
that have been audited by any Taxing Authority, identifying such Authority, and
indicates those Tax Returns that
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currently are the subject of audit by any Taxing Authority, identifying such
Taxing Authority. The Company has delivered to the Buyer correct and complete
copies of all Tax Returns, examination reports, and statements of deficiencies
assessed against or agreed to by any of the Company and its Subsidiaries for
taxable periods ending after 1989.
(e) None of the Company and its Subsidiaries has waived any statute
of limitations in respect of Taxes or agreed to any extension of time with
respect to a Tax assessment or deficiency except as indicated on Schedule 3.10
hereto.
(f) Except for any amounts related to the payment of bonuses to
certain employees of the Company prior to Closing, amounts relating to the
forgiveness of debt owed to the Company by certain employees, and any amounts
related to the amendment or the vesting of, or exercise of the Options,
including any payments to holders of Options for income taxes payable by each
such Holder in connection with the exercise of the Options, none of the Company
and its Subsidiaries has made any payments, is obligated to make any payments,
or is a party to any agreement that under certain circumstances could obligate
it to make any payments that will not be deductible under Section 280G of the
Code. None of the Company and its Subsidiaries is a party to any Tax allocation
or sharing agreement. None of the Company and its Subsidiaries (i) has been a
member of an affiliated group filing a consolidated or combined federal, state,
local, or foreign income or franchise Tax Return (other than a group the common
parent of which was the Company) or (ii) has any liability for the Taxes of any
person (other than any of the Company and its Subsidiaries) under U.S. Treasury
Regulations Section 1.1502-6 (or any similar provision of state, local, or
foreign law or regulations), as a transferee or successor, by contract, or
otherwise.
Section III.11. Compliance with Law. Except as set forth on Schedule
3.11, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has violated or failed to
comply with any judgment, ruling, order, writ, injunction, award, decree,
statute, law, ordinance, code, rule or regulation, of any Governmental Authority
applicable to it or to their respective assets, properties, businesses or
operations except for such violations or failures to comply which would not have
a Material Adverse Effect on the Company. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.11
hereto, no Permit is necessary for the conduct of the business of the Company or
any of its Subsidiaries, except for such Permits, which if not obtained, would
not have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company. The Company and its
Subsidiaries have all Permits set forth on Schedule 3.11 hereto, and all of such
Permits are in full force and effect except where the failure to have such
Permits or for such Permits to be in full force and effect would not have a
Material Adverse Effect on the Company. No violations are or have been recorded
in respect of any Permit and no proceeding is pending, or to the knowledge of
the Company threatened, to revoke or limit any Permit.
Section III.12. Litigation. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.12
hereto, there are no outstanding judgments, rulings, orders, writs, injunctions,
awards or decrees of, or, to the knowledge of the Company, any investigations or
inquiries by or before, any Governmental Authority or arbitral tribunal against
or involving the Company or any of its Subsidiaries. Except as set forth on
Schedule 3.12 hereto, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party
to, or to the knowledge of the Company threatened with, any litigation or
judicial,
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governmental, regulatory, administrative or arbitration proceeding, or
investigation or inquiry, which, if decided adversely to the Company or such
Subsidiary, could have an adverse effect upon the ability of the parties hereto
to consummate the Transactions or could result in a Material Adverse Effect on
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.12
hereto, the Company has no knowledge of any fact, event or circumstance that may
give rise to any suit, action, claim, proceeding or investigation that would be
required to be set forth on Schedule 3.12 hereto were it currently pending or
threatened. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.12 hereto, the Company has no
knowledge of any dispute with any person under contract with the Company any of
its Subsidiaries which could have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company.
Section III.13. Agreements. Schedule 3.13 hereto sets forth a list
of all of the following contracts and other agreements which are material to the
Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole, and to which the Company or any
of its Subsidiaries is party or by or to which their respective assets,
properties or businesses are bound or subject, including, but not limited to:
(a) contracts and other agreements with any current or former officer, director,
employee, consultant, agent or shareholder; (b) contracts and other agreements
involving annual payments under any such contract or other agreement or under
any related series of contracts or other agreements of at least one hundred
thousand dollars ($100,000) for the sale of materials, supplies, equipment,
merchandise or services; (c) contracts and other agreements involving annual
payments under any such contract or other agreement or under any related series
of contracts or other agreements of at least one hundred thousand dollars
($100,000) for the purchase or acquisition of materials, supplies, equipment,
merchandise or services; (d) contracts and other agreements between the Company
or any of its Subsidiaries and any county, municipality or other Governmental
Authority regarding the provision of services at, or delivery of recyclable
material to, any of the Company's facilities ("Municipality Contracts"); (e)
distributorship, representative, management, marketing, sales agency, printing
or advertising contracts and other agreements; (f) contracts and other
agreements for the grant to any person of any preferential rights to purchase
any of the Company's or any of its Subsidiaries' assets, properties or
businesses; (g) joint venture contracts and other agreements; (h) contracts and
other agreements under which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has
guaranteed the obligations of any person; (i) contracts and other agreements
under which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries agrees to indemnify any
person or to share any Liability for Taxes with any person, other than the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries; (j) contracts and other agreements limiting
the freedom of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to engage in any line of
business or in any geographic area; (k) contracts and other agreements relating
to the past or pending acquisition by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries of
any operating business or the capital stock of any person; (l) contracts and
other agreements for the payment of fees or other consideration to any Holder,
any officer or director of any Holder or the Company or any other entity in
which any of the foregoing has an interest; and (m) any other contract or other
agreement, whether or not made in the ordinary course of business, that is
material to the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. To the knowledge
of the Company, all of the contracts and other agreements set forth on Schedule
3.13 hereto are in full force and effect in all material respects and the
Company or its applicable Subsidiary, as the case may be, has paid in full or
accrued all amounts due thereunder and has satisfied in full or provided for all
of its Liabilities thereunder. Each of
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the Company and its Subsidiaries that is a party to any contract or agreement
set forth on Schedule 3.13 hereto is substantially in compliance with and is not
in breach of any of the terms thereof and, to the knowledge of the Company, nor
are the other parties thereto, except for such breaches which would not result
in a Material Adverse Effect.
Section III.14. Real Estate. Schedule 3.14 hereto sets forth a list
of: (a) all real property owned by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries; (b)
all material leases, subleases or other contracts and other agreements under
which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a lessor or lessee of any real
property; (c) all options held by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or
contractual obligations on the part of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to
purchase or acquire any interest in real property (whether by purchase or
lease); and (d) all options granted by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or
contractual obligations on the part of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to
sell or dispose of any interest in real property (whether by sale or lease).
Such leases, subleases and other agreements are in full force and effect in all
material respects and, to the knowledge of the Company, are valid, binding and
enforceable upon the parties thereto in accordance with their terms, except as
limited by: (y) applicable bankruptcy, reorganization, insolvency, moratorium,
fraudulent conveyance or other similar laws affecting the enforcement of
creditors' rights generally from time to time in effect; and (z) the
availability of equitable remedies (regardless of whether enforceability is
considered in a proceeding at law or in equity), and there does not exist under
any such lease of real property any default (or any event which, with notice or
lapse of time or both, would constitute a default), which default would have a
Material Adverse Effect on the Company. The plants, buildings and structures
reflected on the Balance Sheet are in good operating condition and repair
(giving due account to the age and length of use of same, ordinary wear and tear
excepted), are suitable for their present uses and are structurally sound
(including without limitation, the roofs thereof). The Company and its
Subsidiaries have the right to use their respective properties, in accordance
with the terms of the agreements listed on Schedule 3.14, for the operations
currently conducted thereon.
Section III.15. Accounts and Notes Receivable. All accounts and
notes receivable reflected on the Balance Sheet and all accounts and notes
receivable arising subsequent to the Balance Sheet Date, have arisen in the
ordinary course of business, represent valid obligations to the Company and its
Subsidiaries and have been collected or, to the knowledge of the Company, are
collectible in the aggregate recorded amounts thereof (net of any reserves
therefor reflected on the Balance Sheet) in accordance with their terms.
Section III.16. Inventory Valuation. The inventory of the Company
and its Subsidiaries as set forth on the Balance Sheet was, and the inventory of
the Company and its Subsidiaries is, in usable or salable condition in the
ordinary course of business at the amounts carried on the Balance Sheet and
currently on the books and records of the Company and its Subsidiaries,
respectively.
Section III.17. Tangible Property. The plant, machinery, equipment,
furniture, leasehold improvements, fixtures, vehicles, structures, any related
capitalized items and other tangible property which is treated by the Company or
any of its Subsidiaries as depreciable or amortizable property (collectively,
the "Tangible Property") of the Company and its Subsidiaries
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<PAGE> 23
are in good operating condition and repair (giving due account to age and length
of use of same, ordinary wear and tear excepted), are suitable for their present
uses, and comprise all the Tangible Property necessary for the conduct of the
Company's business heretofore conducted.
Section III.18. Intangible Property. Schedule 3.18 hereto, sets
forth all patents, trademarks, service marks, trade names, copyrights,
franchises, royalty agreements and other similar agreements, both foreign and
domestic, all applications which have been filed or are currently being prepared
for any of the foregoing, and all permits, grants, assignments, licenses or
other rights running to or from the Company or any of its Subsidiaries relating
to any of the foregoing which are used in or useful to the business of the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries as conducted or as contemplated to be
conducted. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.18 hereto, neither the Company nor
any of its Subsidiaries have received any written notice of any adversely held
patent, trademark, service mark, trade name copyright or franchise of any other
person or notice of any claim of any other person relating to any of the
property set forth on Schedule 3.18 hereto or any process or confidential
information of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, and none of the Company
nor any of its Subsidiaries has any knowledge of any basis for any such charge
or claim.
Section III.19. Liens. The Company and its Subsidiaries have, in the
case of real property, good and marketable title to, or in the case of leased
property, valid leasehold interests in, all of their respective material assets,
properties and businesses, including, without limitation, all of the assets,
properties and businesses reflected on the Balance Sheet, or assets acquired and
sold since the Balance Sheet Date in the ordinary course of business consistent
with past practice, in each case, free and clear of any Lien, except with
respect to: (a) immaterial assets, properties and businesses; (b) assets,
properties and businesses disposed of, or subject to purchase or sales orders,
in the ordinary course of business since the Balance Sheet Date; (c) Liens
securing Taxes, assessments, governmental, regulatory or administrative charges
or levies, or the claims of materialmen, carriers, landlords and like persons,
which are not yet due and payable; (d) assets subject to capitalized leases; or
(e) as set forth on Schedules 3.14, and 3.19, as appropriate (collectively,
"Permitted Liens").
Section III.20. Liabilities. As at the Balance Sheet Date and as of
the date hereof, except as set forth on Schedule 3.20 hereto, the Company and
its Subsidiaries did not have any direct or indirect indebtedness, liability,
claim, loss, damage, deficiency, obligation or responsibility, known or unknown,
fixed or unfixed, choate or inchoate, liquidated or unliquidated, secured or
unsecured, subordinated or unsubordinated, matured or unmatured, accrued,
absolute, contingent or otherwise, including, without limitation, liabilities on
account of Taxes, other governmental, regulatory or administrative charges or
lawsuits brought, whether or not of a kind required by GAAP to be set forth on a
financial statement (collectively, "Liabilities"), that were not fully and
adequately reflected or reserved against on the Balance Sheet other than those
incurred since the Balance Sheet Date in the ordinary course of business and
those which would not have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company.
Section III.21. Suppliers and Customers. Except as set forth on
Schedule 3.21 hereto, no single supplier or customer, individually or in the
aggregate, accounts for five percent (5%) or
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more of the aggregate annual value of supplies purchased or products and
services furnished by the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole.
Section III.22. Employment and Labor Agreements. Schedule 3.22
hereto lists all employment and consulting contracts and other agreements
between the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, on the one hand, and any of the
Company's or such Subsidiaries' employees, consultants and agents, on the other
hand. Except as separately identified on Schedule 3.22 hereto, the consummation
of the Transactions will not (a) entitle any current or former employee,
consultant or agent of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to severance pay,
employment compensation or any other payment, benefit or award, or (b)
accelerate the time of payment or vesting, or increase the amount of any
benefit, award or compensation due any such employee. Except as set forth on
Schedule 3.22, no contract or other agreement exists between the employees of
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (or a union representing any of such
employees), on the one hand, and the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, on the
other hand, and, to the knowledge of the Company, no union has attempted to
organize or represent the labor force of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries
in the twenty-four (24) months immediately prior to the date hereof. True,
complete and accurate copies of the documents and other papers setting forth the
terms of each contract and other agreement described on Schedule 3.22 hereto
have heretofore been delivered or made available to the Buyer. There are no oral
modifications to any of such contracts or other agreements. The Company has no
knowledge of any present or threatened walkout, strike or any other similar
occurrence which could have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company.
Section III.23. Employee Benefit Plans. Schedule 3.23 hereto lists
all employee benefit plans of the Company and its Subsidiaries to which the
Company or such Subsidiary is obligated to contribute, including, without
limitation, each single employer, multi-employer and multiple employer pension,
profit-sharing, stock bonus, money purchase, retirement, welfare benefit,
savings, insurance, vacation pay, severance pay, stock purchase, stock option,
incentive or deferred compensation and bonus plan or arrangement, and any other
employee benefit plan covering and with respect to the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries and the Company's or such Subsidiary's employees, consultants,
agents and ex-employees, and their dependents and beneficiaries (collectively,
the "Employee Benefit Plans").
Except as set forth on Schedule 3.23, none of the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries nor any entity that is a member of a controlled group of
corporations (as determined under Section 414(b) of the Code) that includes the
Company or any entity under common control with the Company (as determined under
Section 414(c) of the Code) maintains or contributes to, or has ever made or
contributed to, a pension plan (as defined in Section 3(2) of ERISA), including
a defined benefit plan subject to Title IV of ERISA and a multi-employer plan as
defined in Section 3(37) of ERISA). Except as set forth on Schedule 3.23 hereto,
none of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries maintains or ever has maintained
or contributes, ever has contributed, or ever has been required to contribute to
any Employee Benefit Plan providing medical, health or life insurance or other
welfare-type benefits for current or future retired or terminated employees,
their spouses, or their dependents (other than in accordance with Section 4980B
of the Code). All of such Employee Benefit Plans have been operated in
accordance with their terms, in all
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material respects, and all of such Employee Benefit Plans that are
nonmultiemployer plans, and that are subject to the terms of the Employee
Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended ("ERISA"), the Code, or other
statutes, laws, ordinances, codes, rules and regulations (and each related
trust, insurance contract or fund) comply in form and in operation in all
material respects with ERISA, the Code, and such other statutes, laws,
ordinances, codes, rules and regulations, as applicable, except where such
noncompliance would not result in a Material Adverse Effect on the Company. In
the case of each such Employee Benefit Plan which is a qualified plan exempt
from income Taxation, except as separately identified on Schedule 3.23 hereto, a
determination has been received from the appropriate District Director of
Internal Revenue that such plan is qualified under Section 401(a) of the Code
and the trust created thereunder, if any, is exempt from federal Taxation under
Section 501(a) of the Code. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.10, no amounts
payable under any Employee Benefit Plan will fail to be deductible for federal
income tax purposes by virtue of Section 280G of the Code. Except as set forth
on Schedule 3.10, no such Employee Benefit Plan has incurred any accumulated
funding deficiency (within the meaning of ERISA or the Code) and neither the
Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has any Liability or potential Liability on
account of an accumulated funding deficiency with respect to any Employee
Benefit Plan. There has been no transaction involving any Employee Benefit Plan
maintained by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries which is a "prohibited
transaction" under ERISA or the Code, including without limitation the
Transactions, in connection with which the Company or such Subsidiary would be
subject to Liability under ERISA or any Tax Liability imposed by the Code for
which an exemption is unavailable, or which would subject any such Employee
Benefit Plan, the Company or such Subsidiary to a penalty under ERISA, the Code
or any other statute, law, ordinance, code, rule or regulation. No fiduciary
with respect to an Employee Benefit Plan has any liability for breach of
fiduciary duty or any other failure to act or comply in connection with the
administration or investment of the assets of any such Employee Benefit Plan,
except where such liability or noncompliance would not result in a Material
Adverse Effect on the Company.
Except as separately identified on Schedule 3.23 hereto, there has
been no complete or partial termination of any such Employee Benefit Plan, nor
has there been any "reportable event" as defined in Section 4043(b) of ERISA and
the regulations promulgated thereunder with respect to any such Employee Benefit
Plan maintained by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, which would have an
adverse effect. Except as separately identified on Schedule 3.23 hereto, none of
the Employee Benefit Plans listed thereon provides for additional or accelerated
payments or other consideration to be made on account of the Transactions. No
suit, action, claim (other than a claim separately identified on Schedule 3.23
hereto), proceeding, investigation or arbitration has been made or instituted
or, to the knowledge of the Company threatened, with respect to any of such
Employee Benefit Plan or any assets thereof.
All contributions or payments (including all employer contributions
and employee salary reduction contributions) required to be made to such
Employee Benefit Plans by their terms or by law and any relevant collective
bargaining agreement(s), before or after the Closing Date, with respect to all
periods or events occurring prior to the Closing Date (including all insurance
premiums) whether or not due have been paid or accrued, in all material
respects, on the books of account of the Company and each of its Subsidiaries in
accordance with past custom and
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practice of the Company and its Subsidiaries prior to the Closing Date
(including, without limitation, a pro rata share with respect to any period
including the Closing Date based on the ratio of the number of days in such
period to the total number of days in the plan year).
Each such Employee Benefit Plan which is described in Schedule 3.23
as meeting the requirements of Section 401(a) of the Code, meets the
requirements of a "qualified plan" under Section 401(a) of the Code and has
within the last two years, either received a favorable determination letter from
the Internal Revenue Service or has requested such a letter within the remedial
amendment period of Section 401(b) of the Code.
All required reports and descriptions (including Form 5500 Annual
Reports, Summary Annual Reports, PBGC-1's, and Summary Plan Descriptions) have
been filed or distributed appropriately with respect to each such Employee
Benefit Plan. The requirements of Part 6 of Subtitle B of Title 1 of ERISA and
of Sec. 4980B of the Code have been met with respect to each such Employee
Benefit Plan which is a group health plan within the meaning of Section
5001(g)(2) of the Code.
True, complete and accurate copies of the documents setting forth
the terms of each Employee Benefit Plan listed on Schedule 3.23 hereto,
including, without limitation, plans, agreements, amendments, trusts and all
related contracts and other agreements and, where applicable, copies of the
plans': (i) most recent summary plan descriptions and modifications thereto;
(ii) most recent favorable Internal Revenue Service determination letters; (iii)
five (5) most recent annual reports (Forms 5500), including, without limitation,
audited financial statements and all schedules thereto; (iv) five (5) most
recent actuarial reports; and (v) related trust agreements, insurance contracts
and other funding agreements which implement each such Employee Benefit Plan
have heretofore been made available or delivered to the Buyer. There are no oral
modifications to any of such Employee Benefit Plans. The Liabilities for all
benefits provided pursuant to the Employee Benefit Plans set forth on Schedule
3.23 hereto have been accurately and appropriately provided for on the books of
account of the Company and each of its Subsidiaries, as the case may be.
Section III.24. Employees. Schedule 3.24 hereto sets forth all of
the employees of the Company and each of its Subsidiaries as of May 31, 1998.
Section III.25. Environmental Matters. Except as set forth on
Schedule 3.25 hereto:
(a) The Company and its Subsidiaries comply and at all times have
complied with all Environmental Laws (as defined in Section 12.1 hereof), other
than any noncompliance with Environmental Laws which would not have a Material
Adverse Effect on the Company, applicable to their businesses or the Company
Property including, without limitation, the use, maintenance and operation of
the Company Property, and all activities and conduct of business by the Company
and its Subsidiaries related thereto, including, without limitation, the
treatment, remediation, removal, transport, storage and/or disposal of any
Contaminant (as defined in Section 12.1 hereof);
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(b) The Company and its Subsidiaries have obtained or have taken
appropriate steps, as required by Environmental Laws, to obtain all
environmental, health and safety permits, consents, licenses and other
authorizations necessary for the operation of their businesses and the ownership
and operation of the Company Property (collectively, "Environmental Permits"),
other than those Environmental Permits the failure of which to obtain would not
have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company, and all Environmental Permits are
in good standing, and the Company and its Subsidiaries are currently in
compliance with all terms and conditions of Environmental Permits, except for
such failures to comply which would not have a Material Adverse Effect on the
Company. No material change in the facts or circumstances reported or assumed in
the applications for or the granting of Environmental Permits exists. There are
not any proceedings threatened which would jeopardize the validity of any of the
Environmental Permits;
(c) All of the third parties with which the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries have arranged, engaged or contracted to accept, treat, transport,
store, dispose or remove any Contaminant generated or present at the Company
Property, or which otherwise participate or have participated in activities or
conduct related to the Company, its Subsidiaries, their businesses or the
Company Property, were properly permitted at the relevant time to perform the
foregoing activities or conduct, other than those third parties whose failure to
obtain the necessary permits would not have a Material Adverse Effect on the
Company;
(d) Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is subject to
any pending investigation, or any judicial or administrative proceeding, notice,
order, judgment, decree or settlement, alleging or addressing in connection with
their businesses or the Company Property, nor has the Company nor any of its
Subsidiaries received any written notice, claim or other written communication
concerning (i) any violation of any Environmental Laws, (ii) any Remedial Action
(as defined in Section 12.1 hereof), (iii) any Liabilities arising from a
Release (as defined in Section 12.1 hereof) or threatened Release at the Company
Property or any other location, or (iv) any Liabilities for personal injury or
threatened personal injury, or injury or threatened injury to property or
natural resources;
(e) No Environmental Lien (as defined in Section 12.1 hereof) has
attached to the Company Property;
(f) There has been no Release in reportable quantities at or from
the Company Property;
(g) The Company Property is not listed or proposed for listing on
the National Priorities List ("NPL") pursuant to the Comprehensive Environmental
Response, Compensation and Liability Act, as amended ("CERCLA"), or listed on
the Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation Liability Information
System List ("CERCLIS") or any similar state list of sites, and none of the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries is aware of any conditions at the Company
Property which, if known to a Governmental Authority, would qualify the Company
Property for inclusion on any such list;
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(h) Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has any
contingent liability in connection with the ownership or operation of their
businesses or the Company Property for a Release or threatened Release at any
location;
(i) Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has disposed, as
defined in the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, 42 U.S.C. Section 6901 et
seq. ("RCRA"), of any Contaminant at the Company Property in a manner that could
have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company;
(j) Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has transported
or arranged for the transport of any Contaminant to any facility or site for the
purpose of treatment or disposal which (i) is or was, at the time of disposal,
subject to a Remedial Action requirement (other than routine, anticipated,
closure-related corrective action obligations affecting closed solid waste
management units at such facility) issued under RCRA or any state or local solid
or hazardous waste regulatory law, or (ii) at the time of the disposal had
received a notice of violation or was otherwise subject to a governmental
enforcement action with respect to alleged violations of any Environmental Laws;
(k) None of the Company, its Subsidiaries nor any other person has
ever caused any Contaminant to be constructed, deposited, Released, stored,
disposed, or leaching onto or underneath other properties from the Company
Property in a manner that could have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company,
nor has any Contaminant migrated or threatened to migrate from other properties
upon, about or beneath the Company Property in a manner that could have a
Material Adverse Effect on the Company;
(l) There is not constructed, placed, deposited, stored, disposed of
nor located on the Company Property any asbestos in any form which has become or
threatens to become friable;
(m) No underground storage tanks or associated piping are or have
ever been located on the Company Property; and
(n) There is not constructed, placed, deposited, Released, stored,
disposed, leaching nor located on the Company Property any polychlorinated
biphenyls ("PCBs") or transformers, capacitors, ballasts, or other equipment
which contain dielectric fluid containing PCBs, or any insulating material
containing urea formaldehydes.
Section III.26. Unlawful or Undisclosed Payments. None of the
Company, any of its Subsidiaries, or to the knowledge of the Company, any
officer, director, employee, consultant or agent thereof acting on their
respective behalves, or on behalf of each other, has made, directly or
indirectly, any payment or promise to pay, or gift or promise to give, or
authorized such a promise or gift, of any money or anything of value, which is
or may be unlawful in any respect, including without limitation contributions,
gifts, entertainment or other expenditures, directly or indirectly, to or on
behalf of any customer, supplier, Governmental Authority or to any employee or
agent thereof, for the purpose of influencing any act or decision of such party
or inducing him or her to use his or her influence to affect any act or decision
of a Governmental Authority, or
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any agency or subdivision thereof; or in order to assist the Company or any of
its Subsidiaries to obtain or retain business for or direct business to the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries that (a) may be unknown or undisclosed to the
employers of the persons or entities which received any such payments; or (b)
are not fully disclosed as such on the books and records of the Company.
Section III.27. Insurance. Schedule 3.27 hereto sets forth all
policies or binders of fire, liability, worker's compensation, vehicular or
other insurance held by or on behalf of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries
(specifying the insurer, the policy number or covering note number with respect
to binders, and describing each pending claim thereunder of more than one
hundred thousand dollars ($100,000), setting forth the aggregate amounts paid
out under each such policy through the date hereof and the aggregate limit of
any of the insurer's liability thereunder).
Section III.28. Operations of the Company.
Except as set forth on the other schedules hereto or on Schedule
3.28 hereto, from December 31, 1997 through the date hereof, neither the Company
nor any of its Subsidiaries has:
(a) merged with or into or consolidated with any other person,
subdivided, combined or in any way reclassified any shares of its capital stock
or changed or agreed to change in any manner the rights of its outstanding
capital stock or the character of its business;
(b) authorized, issued, sold, purchased, redeemed, distributed,
delivered, disposed or granted, or entered into any contracts or other
agreements to issue, sell, purchase, redeem, distribute, deliver, dispose or
grant, any shares of its capital stock or any Rights relating to its capital
stock or vest any rights with respect to options exercisable for its capital
stock other than pursuant to existing employment or severance agreements or
option plans (each as in effect on the date hereof); and
(c) grant any right to appoint directors of the Company or any of
its Subsidiaries or other corporate governance rights;
(d) declared, set aside or paid any dividends or declared, set aside
or made any distributions of any kind to its shareholders (other than to the
Company or any of its wholly-owned Subsidiaries), or made any direct or indirect
redemption, retirement, purchase or other acquisition of any shares of its
capital stock;
(e) reduced its cash or short-term investments or their equivalent,
or sold or purchased any marketable securities, other than to meet cash needs
arising in the ordinary course of business in a manner consistent with past
practice; or prepaid its expenses or obligations except in accordance with the
terms of applicable contracts, commitments and arrangements and in the ordinary
course of business (and in any case, not to exceed $500,000);
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(f) adopted a plan of liquidation or resolutions providing for the
liquidation, dissolution, merger, consolidation or other reorganization of the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries;
(g) waived any right of value material to the Company and its
Subsidiaries taken as a whole;
(h) made any change in its accounting methods, principles or
practices or made any change in depreciation or amortization policies or rates
adopted by it, except insofar as may have been required by a change in GAAP;
(i) with respect to accounting policies or procedures, failed to
take any action except in the ordinary course of business and in a manner
consistent with past practice (none of which actions shall be unreasonable or
unusual);
(j) revalued any portion of its assets, properties or businesses
including, without limitation, any write-down of the value of inventory or other
assets or any write-off of notes or accounts receivable;
(k) materially changed any of its business policies including,
without limitation, advertising, marketing, pricing, purchasing, personnel,
sales, returns, budget or product acquisition policies;
(l) other than as contemplated by this Agreement, made any wage or
salary increase or bonus, or increase in any other direct or indirect
compensation, for or to any of its officers, directors, employees, consultants
or agents or any accrual for or contract or other agreement to make or pay the
same;
(m) made any loan or advance to any of its officers, directors,
employees, consultants, agents or other representatives (other than travel
advances made in the ordinary course of business in a manner consistent with
past practice) or made any other loan or advance otherwise than in the ordinary
course of business in a manner consistent with past practice;
(n) made any payment or commitment to pay severance or termination
pay to any of its officers or directors, or, other than in the ordinary course
of its business consistent with past practice, to any of its employees,
consultants, agents or other representatives;
(o) sold, abandoned or made any other disposition of any of the
material assets, properties or businesses of the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries other than sales of inventory in the ordinary course of business;
(p) made any capital expenditures in excess of one hundred thousand
dollars ($100,000) in any one (1) case or five hundred thousand dollars
($500,000) in the aggregate;
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(q) incurred or assumed any Liability other than short-term bank
borrowings, or issued any debt securities or assumed, guaranteed, endorsed or
otherwise as an accommodation became responsible for, Liabilities of any other
person; or encumbered any of its property or other assets; or canceled any debts
or claim except, in each case, in the ordinary course of business;
(r) except for Tangible Property acquired in the ordinary course of
business in a manner consistent with past practice, made any acquisition of all
or any part of the assets, properties, capital stock or business of any other
person;
(s) failed to keep its properties insured substantially to the same
extent as they are currently insured;
(t) amended, terminated or entered into any contract or other material
agreement which was not in the ordinary course of business; or entered into or
engaged in any transaction with any of its affiliates, shareholders, directors,
officers or employees, other than the payment of fees payable to members of the
board of directors, reimbursement of expenses and other ordinary course of
business transactions consistent with past practice;
(u) failed to use all reasonable efforts to use all reasonable efforts,
to (i) preserve intact its and their respective business organizations and
goodwill as to customers, suppliers, and others having business relationship
with them, (ii) keep available the services of its officers and employees, and
(iii) maintain satisfactory relationships with those persons having business
relationships with it; or
(v) agreed to do any of the foregoing.
Section III.29. Potential Conflicts of Interest. Except as set forth on
Schedule 3.29 hereto, none of the officers of the Company or of any of its
Subsidiaries, or any entity controlled by any of the foregoing or any member of
the immediate family of any of the foregoing:
(a) owns, directly or indirectly, any interest in (excepting not more
than five percent (5%) stock holdings held solely for investment purposes in
securities of any person which are listed on any national securities exchange or
regularly traded in the over-the-counter market), or is an owner, sole
proprietor, shareholder, partner, director, officer, employee, consultant or
agent of any person which is a competitor, lessor, lessee, customer or supplier
of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries;
(b) owns, directly or indirectly, in whole or in part, any Tangible
Property, patent, trademark, service mark, trade name, copyright, franchise,
invention, permit, license or secret or confidential information which the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries is using or the use of which is necessary for
the business of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries; or
(c) has any cause of action or other suit, action or claim whatsoever
against, or owes any amount to, the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, except
for claims in the ordinary course
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of business, such as for accrued vacation pay, accrued benefits under Employee
Benefit Plans and similar matters.
As used in this Section 3.29, a person's immediate family shall mean
such person's spouse, parents, children, siblings, mothers and fathers-in-law,
sons and daughters-in-law, and brothers and sisters-in-law.
Section III.30. Full Disclosure. This Agreement, its exhibits and
schedules, and any of the certificates or documents to be delivered by the
Company to the Buyer under this agreement, taken together, contain no untrue
statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order
to make the statements contained herein and therein, in light of the
circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading.
Section III.31. No Broker. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.31 hereto,
no broker, finder, agent or similar intermediary has acted for or on behalf of
the Company in connection with this Agreement or the Transactions, and other
than CIBC Oppenheimer Corp., no broker, finder, agent or similar intermediary is
entitled to any broker's, finder's or similar fee or other commission in
connection herewith based on any contract or other agreement with the Company or
any action taken by the Company. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event
that the Company has received financial advice from a broker, finder, agent or
similar intermediary in connection with this Agreement or the Transactions,
other than CIBC Oppenheimer Corp., the Holders will be solely responsible for
the fees and expenses of such firm.
Section III.32. Seasonality. The business of the Company and its
Subsidiaries taken as a whole is not materially affected by seasonal factors and
historically has not varied materially from fiscal quarter to fiscal quarter and
the Company has no reason to believe that the results of the Company and its
Subsidiaries for the period commencing July 1, 1998 and ending December 31, 1998
will not be fairly representative of the results that should be realized by the
Company and its Subsidiaries for a full year including such period.
ARTICLE IV
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF EACH HOLDER
Each Holder, severally and not jointly, represents and warrants to the
Buyer and the Merger Sub as follows:
Section IV.1. Title to Securities. Such Holder is, directly or
indirectly, the record and beneficial owner of the Shares set forth opposite
such Holder's name on Exhibit A, annexed hereto, free and clear of any Lien, or
is, directly or indirectly, the record owner of, and has full power and
authority to convey, the Securities set forth opposite such Holder's name on
Exhibit A, annexed hereto, free and clear of any Lien.
Section IV.2. Authority Relative to this Agreement. Such Holder has the
full legal right and power and all authority and approval required to enter
into, execute and deliver this
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Agreement and each Related Agreement to which such Holder is a party and to
perform fully such Holder's obligations hereunder and thereunder and to
consummate the Transactions. The execution and delivery of this Agreement and
each Related Agreement to which such Holder is a party and the consummation by
such Holder of the Transactions have been (i) duly authorized by the board of
directors of each Holder that is a corporation and no other corporate
proceedings on the part of each Holder that is a corporation are necessary to
authorize the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and each
Related Agreement to which such Holder is a party and the consummation of the
Transactions, and (ii) have been duly authorized by the general partner on the
part of each Holder that is a limited partnership and no other partnership
proceedings on the part of each Holder that is a limited partnership are
necessary to authorize the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement
and each Related Agreement to which such Holder is a party and the consummation
of the Transactions. This Agreement has been, and each Related Agreement will
be, duly executed and delivered by such Holder and this Agreement constitutes,
and the Related Agreements to which such Holder is a party will constitute, the
valid and binding obligations of such Holder enforceable against such Holder in
accordance with their respective terms, except as such enforcement may be
limited by: (a) applicable bankruptcy, reorganization, insolvency, moratorium,
fraudulent conveyance or other similar laws affecting the enforcement of
creditors' rights generally from time to time in effect; and (b) the
availability of equitable remedies (regardless of whether enforceability is
considered in a proceeding at law or in equity).
Section IV.3. Absence of Conflicts. Except as set forth on Schedule 4.3
hereto, the execution and delivery of this Agreement and each Related Agreement
to which such Holder is a party, the consummation of the Transactions and
compliance with the provisions hereof and thereof, will not: (a) require any
Permit; (b) violate, conflict with or result in a breach of any provision of or
constitute a default (or an event which, with notice or lapse of time or both,
would constitute a default) under, or result in the termination of, or
accelerate the performance required by, or result in the creation of any Lien on
the Securities held by such Holder or upon the assets, properties or businesses
of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, under any of the terms, conditions or
provisions of (i) any charter documents or by-laws which are applicable to such
Holder or (ii) any contract or other agreement to which such Holder is a party
or by or to which such Holder or the Securities held by such Holder are bound or
may be subject; or (c) subject to compliance with the statutes, laws, rules and
regulations referred to in Section 3.7 hereof and other than filings required
under the Exchange Act or under state securities or "blue sky" laws, violate any
judgment, ruling, order, writ, injunction, award, decree, statute, law,
ordinance, code, rule or regulation of any Governmental Authority which is
applicable to such Holder or to the Securities held by such Holder except, in
the case of clauses (b)(ii) and (c) above, for such violations, conflicts,
breaches, defaults, terminations, accelerations or creations of Liens which
would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on
the ability of the parties hereto to consummate of the Transactions or have a
Material Adverse Effect.
Section IV.4. Vote. Such Holder has voted all voting rights of any of
the Securities held by such Holder in favor of the Merger and the other
Transactions and will vote, at any subsequent meeting of the Stockholders of the
Company to affirm the Merger and the
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Transactions, all voting rights of any of the Securities held by such Holder in
favor of the Merger and the other Transactions.
Section IV.5. No Action. Except as set forth on Schedule 4.5, such
Holder has no action or cause of action or other suit, action or claim
whatsoever against, or owes amounts to, the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
Section IV.6. Acquisition of Stock Consideration for Investment. Each
Holder set forth on Exhibit A hereto who shall receive shares of Buyer Common
Stock additionally represents and warrants to the Buyer and Merger Sub that such
Holder has such knowledge and experience in financial and business matters that
it is capable of evaluating the merits and risks of the Merger and the other
Transactions and its acquisition of Buyer Common Stock in connection therewith.
Such Holder is financially able to bear the economic risk of an investment in
Buyer Common Stock and has no need for liquidity in this investment. Such Holder
is acquiring Buyer Common Stock to be acquired by it for investment and not with
a view toward or for sale in connection with any distribution thereof in
violation of any federal or state securities or "blue sky" laws. Such Holder
understands and agrees that Buyer Common Stock may not be sold, transferred,
offered for sale, pledged, hypothecated or otherwise disposed of without
registration under the Securities Act, except pursuant to an exemption from such
registration available under such Act, and without compliance with state, local
and foreign securities laws, in each case, to the extent applicable, and
accordingly, such Holder understands that such Holder must bear the economic
risk of an investment in Buyer Common Stock for an indefinite period of time.
Each of the Holders represents and warrants that it, he or she is an "accredited
investor" as defined in Rule 501 promulgated under the Securities Act, except as
set forth on Schedule 4.6.
ARTICLE V
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE BUYER AND THE MERGER SUB
The Buyer and the Merger Sub, jointly and severally, represents and
warrants to the Holders as follows:
Section V.1. Organization. The Buyer is a corporation duly organized,
validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of New Jersey
and has the requisite corporate power and lawful authority to own, lease and
operate its assets, properties and business and to carry on its business as it
is now being conducted. The Buyer does not own or lease property in any
jurisdiction other than its jurisdiction of incorporation and the jurisdictions
set forth on Schedule 5.1 hereto. The Merger Sub is a corporation duly
organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of
Delaware and has conducted no operations since its incorporation other than in
connection with the Transactions.
Section V.2. Subsidiaries. Schedule 5.2 hereto sets forth each direct
and indirect Subsidiary of the Buyer, including their respective jurisdictions
of organization.
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Section V.3. Authority Relative to this Agreement. Each of the Buyer and
the Merger Sub has the requisite corporate right, power, legal capacity and
authority to enter into, execute and deliver this Agreement and each Related
Agreement to which each of them is a party and to perform fully their respective
obligations hereunder and thereunder and to consummate the Transactions. The
execution and delivery of this Agreement and each Related Agreement to which
each of them are a party and the consummation by the Buyer and the Merger Sub of
the Transactions have been duly authorized by the board of directors of the
Buyer and the Merger Sub, respectively, and by the sole stockholder of the
Merger Sub and no other corporate proceedings on the part of the Buyer or the
Merger Sub are necessary to authorize the execution, delivery and performance of
this Agreement and each Related Agreement to which each of them are a party and
the Transactions. This Agreement has been, and each Related Agreement to which
each of them are a party will be, duly executed and delivered by the Buyer and
the Merger Sub, respectively, and this Agreement constitutes, and the each
Related Agreement to which each of them are a party will constitute valid and
binding obligations of the Buyer and the Merger Sub enforceable against the
Buyer and the Merger Sub in accordance with their respective terms, except as
such enforcement may be limited by: (a) applicable bankruptcy, reorganization,
insolvency, moratorium, fraudulent conveyance or other similar laws affecting
the enforcement of creditor's rights generally from time to time in effect; and
(b) the availability of equitable remedies (regardless of whether enforceability
is considered in a proceeding at law or in equity).
Section V.4. Capitalization. The authorized capital stock of the Buyer
consists of: (a) 10,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock, and (b) 40,000,000 shares
of Buyer Common Stock. As of the date hereof: (x) 856,000 shares of Series B
Convertible Exchangeable Preferred Stock, par value $25 per share ("Buyer Series
B Preferred Stock"), and, as of July 15, 1998, 9,686,308 shares of Buyer Common
Stock are outstanding, and all such shares have been validly issued and are
fully paid and nonassessable; (y) no shares of Buyer Series B Preferred Stock
and no shares of Buyer Common Stock are held in the treasury of the Buyer; and
(z) no shares of Buyer Series B Preferred Stock and, as of July 15, 1998,
4,530,027 shares of Buyer Common Stock are reserved for issuance. The authorized
capital stock of the Merger Sub consists of 1,500 shares of common stock, no par
value, all of which are validly issued and outstanding as of the date hereof.
All shares of Buyer Common Stock issued pursuant to this Agreement shall, upon
issuance, be fully paid, validly issued and non-assessable. Except as
contemplated by this Section 5.4 or pursuant to the Transactions, there are no
other shares of capital stock of the Buyer or the Merger Sub outstanding and no
other outstanding Rights to which the Buyer or the Merger Sub is a party or may
be bound requiring the issuance or sale of shares of any capital stock of the
Buyer or the Merger Sub, and there are no contracts or other agreements by which
the Buyer or the Merger Sub is or may become bound to issue additional shares of
its capital stock or any Rights relating to such shares. All issued and
outstanding shares of Buyer Series B Preferred Stock and Buyer Common Stock have
been duly authorized and validly issued, are fully paid and nonassessable, are
not subject to any right of rescission, and have been offered, issued, sold and
delivered by Buyer in compliance with all registration, or qualification
requirements (or applicable exemptions therefrom) of applicable federal and
state securities laws. Except for options granted under the plans disclosed in
the Disclosure Documents and as set forth on Schedule 5.4, there are no options,
warrants, conversion privileges or preemptive or
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other rights or agreements outstanding to purchase or otherwise acquire any of
the Buyer's authorized but unissued capital stock. There are no voting
agreements, rights of first refusal or other restrictions (other than normal
restrictions on transfer under applicable federal and state securities laws)
applicable to any of Buyer's outstanding securities to which Buyer is a party.
Section V.5. Articles of Incorporation and By-Laws. Copies of the
articles of incorporation and by-laws of the Buyer and the certificate of
incorporation and by-laws of the Merger Sub, and all amendments to each, have
heretofore been delivered to the Company or the Representative and such copies,
as so amended, are true, complete and accurate. The minute books of the Buyer
and the Merger Sub contain true, complete and accurate records of all meetings
and consents in lieu of meetings of their respective boards of directors, and
any committees thereof (or persons performing similar functions), since the time
of their respective organizations. The stock books of the Buyer and the Merger
Sub are true, complete and accurate.
Section V.6. Public Documents. The Buyer has heretofore delivered to the
Company, true, complete and accurate copies of the Buyer's Annual Report on Form
10-K for the year ended December 31, 1997 (the "Form 10-K"), Quarterly Report on
Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 1998 (the "Form 10-Q"), Current
Reports on Form 8-K filed since January 1, 1998, the Buyer's proxy statement
relating to its 1998 annual meeting of its shareholders and all other reports or
documents required to be filed by the Buyer pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d)
of the Exchange Act since the filing of the most recent quarterly report on Form
10-Q (collectively, including all the financial statements contained therein,
the "Disclosure Documents"). The Disclosure Documents have been prepared, filed
and comply in all material respects in accordance with the rules and regulations
promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Commission") and as
of the date of this Agreement, no additional filing or amendment to any previous
filing is required under such rules and regulations. The Form 10-K fairly
summarizes the assets, properties, business, operations and management of the
Buyer and its Subsidiaries as of the date thereof. The Disclosure Documents, as
of the respective dates on which such documents were filed or mailed to
shareholders, as the case may be, did not contain any misstatements of a
material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements
contained therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made,
not misleading.
Section V.7. Financial Statements. The audited consolidated financial
statements (including the notes thereto) of the Buyer and its Subsidiaries set
forth in the Form 10-K fairly present the consolidated financial position of the
Buyer and its Subsidiaries as of the respective dates thereof and the results of
operations and cash flow for the respective periods covered thereby in
accordance with GAAP (except as specifically noted therein). The unaudited
consolidated financial statements included in the Form 10-Q, fairly present in
all material respects (subject to normal year-end audit adjustments) the
consolidated financial position of the Buyer and its Subsidiaries as of the
respective dates thereof and the results of operations and cash flow of the
Buyer and its Subsidiaries for the respective periods covered thereby in
accordance with GAAP applied on a consistent basis (other than the footnote
disclosure included therewith). Since March 31, 1998, there have been no changes
in the Buyer's method of
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accounting for tax purposes or any other purposes. The financial statements of
the Buyer as of March 31, 1998, included in the Disclosure Documents disclose
all liabilities of the Buyer required to be disclosed therein and contained
adequate reserves for taxes and all other material accrued liabilities as on the
date thereof.
Section V.8. Liabilities. As at December 31, 1997 and as of the date
hereof, except as set forth on Schedule 5.8 hereto, the Buyer did not have any
Liabilities that were not fully and adequately reflected or reserved against on
the balance sheet included in the Form 10-K or reflected on Schedule 5.8 hereto,
other than those incurred since December 31, 1997 in the ordinary course of
business which are not, individually or in the aggregate, material to the Buyer.
Section V.9. No Material Adverse Change. Since March 31, 1998, there has
been no Material Adverse Change in the business, assets, properties, operations,
results of operations, conditions (financial or otherwise) or prospects of the
Buyer and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole.
Section V.10. Absence of Conflicts. Except as set forth in Schedule 5.10
hereto, the execution and delivery of this Agreement and each Related Agreement
to which the Buyer or the Merger Sub is a party, the consummation of the
Transactions and compliance with the provisions hereof and thereof, will not:
(a) require any Permit; (b) violate, conflict with or result in a breach of any
provision of or constitute a default (or an event which, with notice or lapse of
time or both, would constitute a default) under, or result in the termination of
or render terminable, or accelerate the performance required by, or result in a
creation of any Lien upon any of the assets, properties or businesses of the
Buyer or its Subsidiaries under, any of the terms, conditions or provisions of
(i) the charter documents or by-laws of the Buyer or any of its Subsidiaries as
currently in effect or (ii) any contract or other agreement to which the Buyer
or any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective assets, properties or
businesses may be subject; or (c) subject to compliance with the statutes, laws,
rules and regulations referred to in Section 3.7 hereof and other than filings
required under the Exchange Act or under state securities or "blue sky" laws,
violate any judgment, ruling, order, writ, injunction, award, decree, statute,
law, ordinance, code, rule or regulation of any Governmental Authority which is
applicable to the Buyer or any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective
assets, properties or businesses, except, in the case of clauses (b)(ii) and (c)
above, for such violations, conflicts, breaches, defaults, terminations,
accelerations or creations of Liens which would not, individually or in the
aggregate, have a material adverse effect on the ability of the parties hereto
to consummate the Transactions or have a material adverse effect on the Buyer.
Section V.11. No Broker. Except as set forth on Schedule 5.11 hereto, no
broker, finder, agent or similar intermediary has acted for or on behalf of the
Buyer in connection with this Agreement or the Transactions, and no broker,
finder, agent or similar intermediary is entitled to any broker's, finder's, or
similar fee or other commission in connection therewith based on any contract or
other agreement with the Buyer or any action taken by the Buyer.
Section V.12. Purchase for Investment. The Buyer acknowledges that the
Securities have not been registered under the Securities Act or under any state
securities laws. The Buyer
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is purchasing the Securities solely for investment with no present intention to
distribute any of the Securities to any person, and the Buyer will not sell or
otherwise dispose of any of the Securities, except in compliance with the
registration requirements or exemption provisions under the Securities Act and
the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, and any other applicable
securities laws.
Section V.13. Reserve for Issuance. The Stock Consideration has been, or
will be on or prior to the Closing, duly authorized by all necessary corporate
action on the part of the Buyer and its officers, directors and shareholders,
and as of the Closing, all such Stock Consideration will be duly reserved for
issuance.
Section V.14. Full Disclosure. This Agreement, its exhibits and
schedules, and any of the certificates or documents to be delivered by the Buyer
to the Company under this Agreement, taken together, contain no untrue statement
of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated
therein or necessary to make the statements made, in the context in which made,
not misleading.
Section V.15. Financing. The Buyer has delivered to the Company a true
and complete copy of the Credit Agreement, dated July 10, 1998 (the "Credit
Agreement"), among the Buyer and KeyBank National Association and the other
financial institutions party thereto (the "Bank") and KeyBank National
Association, as agent relating to the Buyer's revolving credit facility (the
"Financing"). The aggregate proceeds of the Financing, subject to the terms and
conditions set forth in the Credit Agreement, together with cash and cash
equivalents otherwise available to the Buyer, will be sufficient to pay the cash
portion of the Merger Consideration.
ARTICLE VI
COVENANTS AND AGREEMENTS
Section VI.1. Conduct of Business. From the date hereof through the
Closing Date or termination of this Agreement in accordance with Article XI, the
Company shall, and shall cause its Subsidiaries to, conduct their respective
businesses in the ordinary course in a manner consistent with past practice.
Without the prior written consent of the Buyer, the Company shall not undertake
any of the actions specified in Section 3.28 hereof. In addition, the Company
shall confer on a regular basis with one or more representatives of the Buyer to
report operational matters of materiality and any proposals to engage in
material transactions.
Section VI.2. Insurance. From the date hereof through the Closing Date
or termination of this Agreement in accordance with Article XI, the Company
shall and shall cause its Subsidiaries to, and the Holders shall use their
respective best efforts to cause the Company and its Subsidiaries to, maintain
in force (including necessary renewals thereof) the insurance policies listed on
Schedule 3.27 hereto, except to the extent that they may be replaced with
equivalent policies appropriate to insure the assets, properties and businesses
of the Company and its Subsidiaries to the same extent as currently insured at
the same or lower rates or at rates
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approved by the Buyer. The Company shall use commercially reasonable efforts to
maintain insurance under any contract and other agreement to which it or any of
its Subsidiaries is a party.
The Company shall, concurrently with the Closing, change its insurance
agency of record to Olympic Insurance Associates, Inc. by the issuance of an
agency letter.
Section VI.3. Litigation. From the date hereof through the Closing Date
or termination of this Agreement in accordance with Article XI, the Company
shall promptly notify the Buyer of any suits, actions, claims, proceedings or
investigations which have not been disclosed on Schedule 3.12 and which are
threatened or commenced against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or
against any officer, director, employee, consultant, agent or shareholder with
respect to the affairs of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
From the date hereof through the Closing Date or termination of this
Agreement in accordance with Article XI, the Buyer shall promptly notify the
Company of any suits, actions, claims, proceedings or investigations which are
threatened or commenced against the Buyer or any of its Subsidiaries or against
any officers or directors which could have a Material Adverse Effect on the
Buyer or the Buyer's ability to consummate the Merger or the Transactions.
Section VI.4. Continued Effectiveness of Representations and Warranties;
Satisfaction of Conditions. From the date hereof through the Closing Date or
termination of this Agreement in accordance with Article XI, the Company shall,
and shall cause its Subsidiaries to, preserve their respective business
organizations intact; keep available the services of their respective present
officers, employees, consultants and agents; maintain their respective present
material suppliers, customers, licensors, licensees, contractors and others with
which they have advantageous business relationships and preserve their
respective goodwill; conduct their respective businesses in such a manner so
that the representations and warranties contained in Article III hereof shall
continue to be true, complete and accurate on and as of the Closing Date with
the same force and effect as if made on and as of the Closing Date to the extent
commercially reasonable, except for changes contemplated or permitted by this
Agreement and except to the extent that any representation and warranty is made
as of a specified date, in which case, such representation and warranty shall be
true, complete and accurate as of such date; use reasonable efforts to obtain
all necessary waivers, consents and approvals from other parties to the
agreements, arrangements, commitments or understandings set forth on Schedules
3.3, 3.13, 3.14, 3.18 and 3.22; use reasonable efforts to obtain all consents,
approvals and authorizations that are required to be obtained under any federal,
state or local law or regulation; use reasonable efforts to lift or rescind any
injunction or restraining order or other order adversely affecting the ability
of the parties hereto to consummate the Transactions; effect all necessary
registrations and filings including, but not limited to, filings under the HSR
Act and submissions of information requested by any Governmental Authority; and
use reasonable efforts to fulfill all conditions to this Agreement of such
parties set forth in this Article VI.
From the date hereof through the Closing Date or termination of this
Agreement in accordance with Article XI, the Buyer shall, and shall cause the
Merger Sub to, use reasonable efforts to cause the representations and
warranties contained in Article V hereof to continue to be
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true, complete and accurate on and as of the Closing Date with the same force
and effect as if made on and as of the Closing Date to the extent commercially
reasonable, except for changes contemplated or permitted by this Agreement and
except to the extent that any representation and warranty is made as of a
specified date, in which case, such representation and warranty shall be true,
complete and accurate as of such date; use reasonable efforts to obtain all
necessary waivers, consents and approvals from other parties to the agreements,
arrangements, commitments or understandings set forth on Schedule 5.10; obtain
all consents, approvals and authorizations that are required to be obtained
under any federal, state or local law or regulation; lift or rescind any
injunction or restraining order or other order adversely affecting the ability
of the parties hereto to consummate the Transactions; effect all necessary
registrations and filings including, but not limited to, filings under the HSR
Act and submissions of information requested by any Governmental Authority; and
fulfill all conditions to this Agreement of such parties set forth in this
Article VI.
Each party hereto further covenants and agrees, with respect to any
threatened or pending preliminary or permanent injunction or other order, decree
or ruling or statute, rule, regulation or executive order that would adversely
affect the ability of the parties hereto to consummate the Transactions, to
respectively use all reasonable efforts to prevent the entry, enactment or
promulgation thereof, as the case may be.
Section VI.5. Advice of Changes. From the date hereof through the
earlier of the Closing Date or termination of this Agreement in accordance with
Article XI, the Company shall give prompt written notice to the Buyer of: (a)
the occurrence, or failure to occur, of any event which occurrence or failure
would be likely to cause any representation or warranty of the Company or the
Holders contained in this Agreement, if made on or as of the date of such event
or as of the Closing Date, to be untrue or inaccurate, except for changes
permitted by this Agreement and except to the extent that any representation and
warranty is made as of a specified date, in which case, such representation and
warranty shall be true, complete and accurate as of such date; (b) any failure
of the Company or of any officer, director, employee, consultant or agent of the
Company, to comply with or satisfy any covenant, condition or agreement to be
complied with or satisfied by it or them under this Agreement; (c) any event of
which they have knowledge which will result, or in the opinion of such party,
has a reasonable prospect of resulting, in the failure to satisfy the covenants
specified in this Article VI; (d) any notice of, or other communication relating
to, a default or event which, with notice or lapse of time or both, would
constitute a default, received by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries
subsequent to the date hereof and prior to the Closing Date, under any contract
or other agreement material to the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a
whole; (e) any notice or other communication from any person alleging that the
consent of such person is or may be required in connection with the
Transactions; (f) any notice or other communication from any Governmental
Authority in connection with the Transactions; (g) any Material Adverse Effect
on the Company, or the occurrence of any event which, so far as reasonably can
be foreseen at the time of its occurrence, would result in a Material Adverse
Effect on the Company; (h) any material litigation or material governmental
complaints, investigations or hearings (or communications indicating that the
same may be contemplated), affecting, as the case may be, the Company and its
Subsidiaries; or (i) any matter hereafter arising which, if existing, occurring
or known at the
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date hereof, would have been required to be disclosed to the Buyer; provided,
however, that no such notification shall affect the representations or
warranties of the Company or the Holders or the conditions to the obligations of
the Company or the Holders hereunder.
From the date hereof through the earlier of the Closing Date or
termination of this Agreement in accordance with Article XI, the Buyer shall
give prompt written notice to the Company of: (a) the occurrence, or failure to
occur, of any event which occurrence or failure would be likely to cause any
representation or warranty of the Buyer contained in this Agreement, if made on
or as of the date of such event or as of the Closing Date, to be untrue or
inaccurate, except for changes permitted by this Agreement and except to the
extent that any representation and warranty is made as of a specified date, in
which case, such representation and warranty shall be true, complete and
accurate as of such date; (b) any failure of the Buyer or of any officer,
director, employee, consultant or agent of the Buyer, to comply with or satisfy
any covenant, condition or agreement to be complied with or satisfied by it or
them under this Agreement; (c) any event of which they have knowledge which will
result, or in the opinion of such party, has a reasonable prospect of resulting,
in the failure to satisfy the covenants specified in this Article VI; (d) any
notice of, or other communication relating to, a default or event which, with
notice or lapse of time or both, would constitute a default, received by the
Buyer or any of its Subsidiaries subsequent to the date hereof and prior to the
Closing Date, under any contract or other agreement material to the Company and
its Subsidiaries taken as a whole; (e) any notice or other communication from
any person alleging that the consent of such person is or may be required in
connection with the Transactions; (f) any notice or other communication from any
Governmental Authority in connection with the Transactions; (g) any Material
Adverse Effect, or the occurrence of any event which, so far as reasonably can
be foreseen at the time of its occurrence, would result in a Material Adverse
Effect on the Buyer; (h) any material litigation or material governmental
complaints, investigations or hearings (or communications indicating that the
same may be contemplated), affecting, as the case may be, the Buyer and its
Subsidiaries; or (i) any matter hereafter arising which, if existing, occurring
or known at the date hereof, would have been required to be disclosed to the
Company or the Holders; provided, however, that no such notification shall
affect the representations and warranties of the Buyer or the conditions to the
obligations of the Buyer hereunder.
Section VI.6. Corporate Examinations and Investigations. Prior to the
Closing Date, the Company shall, and shall cause its Subsidiaries to, afford the
Buyer and its officers, employees, consultants, agents, counsel, accountants and
other representatives, full and free access to all of the properties, books and
records, and contracts and other agreements, documents and other papers of the
Company and its Subsidiaries and to furnish to the Buyer all such contracts and
other agreements and documents and other papers, and copies, extracts and
summaries thereof certified, if requested, and any information with respect to
the affairs of the Company and its Subsidiaries as the Buyer may from to time
reasonably request, and, subject to applicable law, will cause the officers,
employees, agents and consultants of the Company and its Subsidiaries to keep
the officers of the Buyer informed as to the affairs of the Company and its
Subsidiaries and to arrange for meetings with management of the Company and its
Subsidiaries from time to time upon the Buyer's request. No investigation
pursuant to this Section 6.6 shall affect any
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representations or warranties of the Company or the Holders or the conditions to
the obligations of the Company or the Holders hereunder.
Section VI.7. Corporate Examinations and Investigations. Prior to the
Closing Date, the Buyer shall and shall cause its Subsidiaries to, afford the
Company and its officers, employees, consultants, agents, counsel, accountants
and other representatives, and the banks, other financial institutions and
investment bankers arranging or providing for, or advising with respect to, any
financing, full and free access to all of the properties, books and records, and
contracts and other agreements, documents and other papers of the Buyer and its
Subsidiaries and to furnish to the Company all such contracts and other
agreements and documents and other papers, and copies, extracts and summaries
thereof certified, if requested, and any information with respect to the affairs
of the Buyer and its Subsidiaries as the Company may from to time reasonably
request, and will cause the officers, employees, agents and consultants of the
Buyer and its Subsidiaries to keep the officers of the Company informed as to
the affairs of the Buyer and its Subsidiaries and to arrange for meetings with
management of the Buyer and its Subsidiaries from time to time upon the
Company's request. No investigation pursuant to this Section 6.7 shall affect
any representations or warranties of the Buyer or the Merger Sub or the
conditions to the obligations of the Buyer hereunder.
Section VI.8. Pre-merger Notification. After the date hereof, the
Company shall timely and promptly make, all filings which are required under the
HSR Act in connection with the Transactions on behalf of the Company, any Holder
or any of their respective "ultimate parent entities" (as defined in the HSR
Act). The Company and the Holders, to the extent required by the HSR Act, shall
furnish to the Buyer such necessary information and reasonable assistance as the
Buyer may request in connection with the Buyer's preparation of necessary
filings or submissions to any Governmental Authority, including, without
limitation, any filings necessary under the provisions of the HSR Act. The
Company and the Holders promptly will supply the Buyer with copies of all
correspondence, filings or communications between the Company or the Holders or
their respective counsel, on the one hand, and the Federal Trade Commission (the
"FTC"), the Antitrust Division of the United States Department of Justice (the
"Antitrust Division") or any other Governmental Authority or members of their
respective staffs, on the other hand, with respect to this Agreement and the
Transactions.
After the date hereof, the Buyer will timely and promptly make all
filings which are required under the HSR Act in connection with the Transactions
on behalf of the Buyer, the Merger Sub or their respective "ultimate parent
entities." The Buyer will furnish to the Company such necessary information and
reasonable assistance as the Company may request in connection with the
preparation of necessary filings or submissions to any Governmental Authority,
including, without limitation, any filings necessary under the provisions of the
HSR Act. The Buyer promptly will supply the Company with copies of all
correspondence, filings or communications between the Buyer or its counsel, on
the one hand, and the FTC, the Antitrust Division or any other Governmental
Authority or members of their respective staffs, on the other hand, with respect
to this Agreement and the Transactions.
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Subsequent to making any such filings required to be filed with any
Governmental Authority, each of the parties hereto shall thereafter prosecute
such applications with due diligence and shall use reasonable efforts to obtain
the necessary orders, consents or waivers with respect to such assignments. In
addition, each party shall notify the other party in the event it becomes aware
of any facts, actions, communications or occurrences that would reasonably be
expected to directly or indirectly affect the parties' intent or ability to
effect prompt approval of the Transactions. Each party hereto shall pay its own
expenses in connection with the preparation and prosecution of the applications
referred to above, subject to Section 12.2. The parties shall share equally all
filing or grant fees relating to the Transactions.
If either party or any of its subsidiaries thereof receives a request
for additional information or documentary material from any Governmental
Authority with respect to the Transactions, then such party will endeavor in
good faith to make or cause to be made, as soon as reasonably practicable and
after consultation with the other party, an appropriate response in compliance
with such request.
Section VI.9. Compliance with Agreements. From the date hereof through
the earlier of the Closing Date or the termination of this Agreement in
accordance with Article XI, the Company shall, and shall cause its Subsidiaries
to, use their respective commercially reasonable efforts to maintain or achieve
compliance with the terms of all the contracts and agreements set forth on
Schedules 3.3, 3.13, 3.14, 3.18 and 3.22 hereto. Without limiting the foregoing,
the Company and its Subsidiaries shall have in place all insurance, performance
bonds, letters of credit and guarantees required by the terms of all
Municipality Contracts.
Section VI.10. Benefit Plans. The Company shall, and shall cause its
Subsidiaries to, and the Holders shall cause the Company and its Subsidiaries
to, effective concurrently with the Closing, cause all Employee Benefit Plans to
be amended so as to conform to the comparable plans maintained by the Buyer and
its subsidiaries.
Section VI.11. Environmental Audits. Prior to the Closing Date, the
Company shall, and shall cause its Subsidiaries to, update all Phase I and other
environmental audits of the properties owned or occupied by the Company and its
Subsidiaries to a date and in a format reasonably satisfactory to each of the
Buyer and its counsel and advisors and satisfactory to the Bank in its sole
discretion and (ii) cause to have performed audits (in a form reasonably
satisfactory to each of the Buyer and its counsel and advisors and satisfactory
to the Bank in its sole discretion) on all properties proposed to be acquired by
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (including, without limitation, those
owned by the Acquired Entity).
Section VI.12. Pending Acquisitions. From the date hereof through the
earlier of the Closing Date or the termination of this Agreement in accordance
with Article XI, the Company shall not, and shall not permit any of its
Subsidiaries to take any action (including making any commitment or waiving any
rights) in respect of the proposed acquisition of the Acquired Entity without
the prior consent of the Buyer, and the Company shall consult with the Buyer
regarding such transactions and take such actions as the Buyer shall reasonably
request regarding the progress of such transactions.
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Section VI.13. Voting Provisions. Subject to the provisions of Section
7.13, the Buyer shall vote all outstanding shares of common stock of the Merger
Sub in favor of the Merger and the other Transactions.
Section VI.14. No Solicitations. From the date hereof through the
earlier of the Closing Date or the termination of this Agreement in accordance
with Article XI, the Company shall not and shall not permit any of its
Subsidiaries to, nor shall it authorize or permit any of its officers, directors
or employees or any investment banker, financial advisor, attorney, accountant
or other representative retained by it or any of its Subsidiaries to, solicit,
initiate or encourage (including by way of furnishing information), or take any
other action to facilitate, any inquiries or the making of any proposal which
constitutes, or may reasonably be expected to lead to, any Acquisition Proposal
(as defined below), or agree to or endorse any Acquisition Proposal. The Company
shall promptly advise the Buyer orally and in writing of any such inquires or
proposals. As used in this Agreement, "Acquisition Proposal" shall mean any
tender or exchange offer, proposal for a merger, consolidation or other business
combination involving the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company or any
proposal or offer to acquire in any manner a substantial equity interest in, or
a substantial portion of the assets of, the Company or any of its Subsidiaries
other than the Transactions.
Section VI.15. Blue Sky Laws. The parties shall use all reasonable
efforts to comply with the securities and "blue sky" laws of the jurisdictions
applicable in connection with the Merger.
Section VI.16. Further Assurances. In addition to the actions, contracts
and other agreements and documents and other papers specifically required to be
taken or delivered pursuant to this Agreement, each of the parties hereto shall
execute such contracts and other agreements and documents and other papers and
take such further actions as may be reasonably required or desirable to carry
out the provisions hereof and the Transactions. In addition, the Company shall
take such further actions as may be reasonably requested by the Buyer and the
Bank in connection with the Financing.
ARTICLE VII
CONDITIONS PRECEDENT TO THE OBLIGATION
OF THE BUYER TO CLOSE
The obligation of the Buyer to enter into and complete the Merger and
the other Transactions is subject, at its option, to the fulfillment on or prior
to the Closing Date of the following conditions, any one (1) or more of which
may be waived by it in its sole discretion:
Section VII.1. Representations and Covenants. The representations and
warranties of the Company set forth in Article III and the Holders set forth in
Article IV shall be true, complete and accurate in all material respects on and
as of the Closing Date with the same force and effect as though made on and as
of the Closing Date, except for changes contemplated or permitted by this
Agreement and except to the extent that any representation or warranty is made
as of a
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specified date, in which case, such representation and warranty shall be true
and correct as of such date. The Company and the Holders shall have performed
and complied in all material respects with all covenants and agreements set
forth in Article VI to be performed or complied with by the Company on or prior
to the Closing Date. The Company shall have delivered to the Buyer an officer's
certificate, dated the Closing Date and signed by an officer of the Company, to
the foregoing effect and stating that all conditions to the Buyer's obligations
hereunder, which are in the control of the Company, including, but not limited
to Section 7.5, have been satisfied. For purposes of this Section 7.1,
"material" shall refer to an estimated amount of potential damage or loss
greater than five hundred thousand dollars ($500,000) likely to result
therefrom; provided, however, that this definition of "material" only affects
the Buyer's obligation to close and shall not be deemed to deprive the Buyer of
any claim for damages under this Agreement for such inaccuracies or breaches of
covenants.
Section VII.2. Good Standing; Certificates. The Company shall have
delivered to the Buyer: (a) copies of the respective Certificates of
Incorporation, including all amendments thereto, of the Company and each of its
Subsidiaries, certified by the Secretary of State or other appropriate official
of its jurisdiction of incorporation; (b) certificates from the Secretary of
State or other appropriate official of the respective jurisdictions of
incorporation to the effect that the Company and each of its Subsidiaries is in
good standing and subsisting in such jurisdiction; (c) a certificate from the
Secretary of State or other appropriate official in each State in which the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries is qualified to do business to the effect
that the Company and such Subsidiary is in good standing in such state and (d) a
certificate as to the Tax status of the Company and each of its Subsidiaries
from the appropriate official in its respective jurisdiction of incorporation
and each state in which the Company or such Subsidiary is qualified to do
business, in each case, dated as of a date not more than ten (10) days prior to
the Closing Date.
Section VII.3. Governmental Permits and Approvals. Any and all Permits
necessary for the consummation of the Transactions or required in order for the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries to carry on their respective businesses as
currently conducted or to maintain in effect any Permits, pursuant to which the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries carries on their respective businesses as
currently conducted, all of which are set forth on Schedules 3.6 and 3.7, shall
have been obtained, and the continued conduct by the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries of their respective businesses in substantially the same manner as
currently conducted and the consummation of the Transactions shall not violate
or conflict with any judgment, code, ruling, order, writ, injunction, decree,
award, statute, law, ordinance, code, rule or regulation or other restriction
binding upon or applicable to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries. None of
the Permits shall contain any terms, limitations or conditions which the Buyer
determines in good faith to be burdensome to the Buyer or to the Company and its
Subsidiaries taken as a whole, or which restrict the Buyer's rights as the sole
shareholder of the Company (including, without limitation, its right to
participate actively in the management of the Company and its Subsidiaries), or
which would prevent the Buyer, the Company and their respective Subsidiaries
from conducting their respective businesses in substantially the same manner as
conducted on the date hereof.
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Section VII.4. Legal Proceedings. No suit, action, claim, proceeding or
investigation shall have been instituted or pending by or before any
Governmental Authority seeking to restrain, prohibit or invalidate the Merger or
the consummation of the Transactions or to seek damages in connection with the
Transactions or which might affect the right of the Buyer to own, operate or
control, after the Closing, the assets, properties and businesses of the Company
and its Subsidiaries or which has or may have, in the opinion of the Buyer, a
Material Adverse Effect on the Company.
Section VII.5. Third Party Consents. All consents, waivers, licenses,
variances, exemptions, franchises, permits, approvals and authorizations from
parties to any contracts and other agreements (including any amendments and
modifications thereto) with the Company and its Subsidiaries which are required
in connection with the performance by the Company and the Holders of their
respective obligations under this Agreement or to assure that such contracts and
other agreements continue in full force and effect after the consummation of the
Transactions without any breach by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and
without giving any contracting party the right to terminate or modify any such
contract or other agreement, all of which are set forth on Schedule 7.5 (which
schedule has been verified to be true, complete and accurate by the Company),
shall have been obtained.
Section VII.6. Employment Agreements. Simultaneously with the closing,
the Company and the persons listed on Schedule 7.6 hereto shall enter into
employment agreements, which shall contain provisions relating to
non-competition, non-solicitation and confidentiality, substantially in the form
of Exhibit G annexed hereto (the "Employment Agreements").
Section VII.7. Hart-Scott-Rodino. The waiting period specified in the
HSR Act, including any extensions thereof, shall have expired or otherwise
terminated, and neither the Buyer nor the Company shall be subject to any
injunction or temporary restraining order against consummation of the
Transactions instituted by the FTC or the Antitrust Division.
Section VII.8. Title Searches. The Buyer shall have received such title
searches, abstracts or title insurance commitments, all of which are listed on
Schedule 7.8, as are necessary to verify the correctness of the representations
and warranties contained in Section 3.14 hereof.
Section VII.9. Legal Investment. As of the Closing, the Merger and the
acquisition of the Stock Consideration by the Holders in connection therewith
shall be legally permitted by all applicable laws and regulations to which the
Holders and the Company are subject.
Section VII.10. Compliance with Agreements. The Company and its
Subsidiaries shall be in compliance with the contracts and agreements set forth
on Schedules 3.3, 3.13, 3.14, 3.18 and 3.23 hereto. Without limiting the
foregoing, the Company and its Subsidiaries shall have in place all insurance,
performance bonds, letters of credit and guaranties required by the terms of all
Municipality Contracts.
Section VII.11. Environmental Audits. The Bank shall be satisfied (in
its sole discretion) and the Buyer shall be reasonably satisfied (in its sole
discretion) with the results of the
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environmental audits of the properties owned or occupied by the Company, its
Subsidiaries and the Acquired Entity.
Section VII.12. Tax Opinion. The Buyer shall have received an opinion
from McDermott, Will & Emery, dated the Closing Date, to the effect that, as of
such date, the Merger would be treated as a tax free reorganization under the
Code.
Section VII.13. Joinder Agreement. Each holder of capital stock of the
Company who is not a party to this Agreement, and who has not otherwise
exercised rights or approval pursuant to Section 262 of the DGCL, shall have
executed an agreement pursuant to which such holder agrees to be bound by the
terms and conditions of this Agreement.
ARTICLE VIII
CONDITIONS PRECEDENT TO THE OBLIGATION
OF THE HOLDERS AND THE COMPANY TO CLOSE
The obligation of the Holders and the Company to enter into and complete
the Merger and the other Transactions is subject, at the option of the Company
and the Holders, to the fulfillment on or prior to the Closing Date of the
following conditions, any one (1) or more of which may be waived by the Company
and the Holders in their sole discretion:
Section VIII.1. Representations and Covenants. The representations and
warranties of the Buyer and the Merger Sub set forth in Article V shall be true,
complete and accurate in all material respects on and as of the Closing Date
with the same force and effect as though made on and as of the Closing Date,
except for changes contemplated or permitted by this Agreement and except to the
extent that any representation or warranty is made as of a specified date, in
which case, such representation and warranty shall be true, complete and
accurate as of such date. The Buyer shall have performed and complied with all
covenants and agreements set forth in Article VI to be performed by or complied
with in all material respects on or prior to the Closing Date. The Buyer shall
have delivered to the Company an officer's certificate, dated the Closing Date
and signed by an officer of the Buyer, to the foregoing effect and stating that
all conditions to the Holders' obligations hereunder have been satisfied.
Section VIII.2. Good Standing; Certificates. The Buyer shall have
delivered to the Company: (a) copies of the respective Articles or Certificates
of Incorporation, including all amendments thereto, of the Buyer and the Merger
Sub, certified by the Secretary of State or other appropriate official of its
jurisdiction of incorporation; (b) certificates from the Secretary of State or
other appropriate official of the respective jurisdictions of incorporation to
the effect that the Buyer and the Merger Sub is in good standing and subsisting
in such jurisdiction; (c) a certificate from the Secretary of State or other
appropriate official in each state in which the Buyer and the Merger Sub is
qualified to do business to the effect that the Company and such Sub is in good
standing in such state and (d) a certificate as to the Tax status of the Buyer
and the Merger Sub from the appropriate official in its respective jurisdiction
of incorporation and each
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state in which the Buyer and the Merger Sub is qualified to do business, in each
case, dated as of the date not more than ten (10) days prior to the Closing
Date.
Section VIII.3. Governmental Permits and Approvals. Any and all Permits
necessary for the consummation of the Transactions shall have been obtained and
the continued conduct by the Buyer or any of its Subsidiaries of their
respective businesses is substantially the same manner as currently conducted,
and the consummation of the Transactions, shall not violate or conflict with any
judgment, code, ruling, order, writ, injunction, decree, award, statute, law,
ordinance, code, rule or regulation or other restriction binding upon or
applicable to the Buyer or any of its Subsidiaries.
Section VIII.4. Legal Proceedings. No suit, action, claim, proceeding or
investigation shall have been instituted or pending by or before any
Governmental Authority seeking to restrain, prohibit or invalidate the Merger or
the consummation of the other Transactions or to seek damages in connection with
the Transactions or which has or may have, in the opinion of the Company, a
Material Adverse Effect on the Buyer.
Section VIII.5. Third Party Consents. All consents, waivers, licenses,
variances, exemptions, franchises, permits, approvals and authorizations from
parties to any contracts and other agreements (including any amendments and
modifications thereto) with the Buyer which may be required in connection with
the performance by the Buyer or the Merger Sub of their obligations under this
Agreement shall have been obtained.
Section VIII.6. Hart-Scott-Rodino. The waiting period specified in the
HSR Act, including any extensions thereof, shall have expired or otherwise
terminated, and neither the Buyer nor the Company shall be subject to any
injunction or temporary restraining order against consummation of the
Transactions.
Section VIII.7. Registration Rights Agreements. The Buyer shall have
entered into registration rights agreements, substantially in the form of
Exhibit F, annexed hereto (the "Registration Rights Agreements").
Section VIII.8. Legal Investment. As of the Closing, the Merger and the
acquisition of the Stock Consideration by the Holders in connection therewith
shall be legally permitted by all applicable laws and regulations to which the
Holders and the Company are subject.
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ARTICLE IX
SURVIVAL OF REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY AND THE HOLDERS
Section IX.1. Survival of Representatives and Warranties of the Company
and the Holders. Notwithstanding any right of the Buyer fully to investigate the
affairs of the Company and its Subsidiaries and notwithstanding any knowledge of
facts determined or determinable by the Buyer pursuant to such investigation or
right of investigation, the Buyer has the right to rely fully upon the
representations and warranties of the Company and the Holders contained in this
Agreement. All such representations and warranties shall survive the execution
and delivery hereof and the Closing until May 31, 1999 (the "Initial Survival
Period"), except for such representations and warranties contained in Sections
3.10 and 3.25 which, in the case of the representations and warranties contained
in Section 3.10, shall survive the execution and delivery hereof and the Closing
for a period of three years following the filing of the Company's federal income
tax return for the Company's 1997 fiscal year, and, in the case of the
representations and warranties contained in Section 3.25, shall survive the
execution and delivery hereof and the Closing until March 31, 2001.
Section IX.2. Survival of Representatives and Warranties of the Buyer
and the Merger Sub. Notwithstanding any right of the Company fully to
investigate the affairs of the Buyer and its Subsidiaries and notwithstanding
any knowledge of facts determined or determinable by the Company pursuant to
such investigation or right investigation, the Company and the Holders have the
right to rely fully upon the representations and warranties of the Buyer set
forth in Article V of this Agreement. All such representations and warranties
shall survive the execution and delivery hereof and the Closing until May 31,
1999.
Section IX.3. Survival of Covenants and Agreements. All of the covenants
and agreements set forth in Article VI shall survive the execution and delivery
of this Agreement until the earlier of the Closing Date or the Termination Date.
ARTICLE X
INDEMNIFICATION
Section X.1. Several Obligation of the Company and the Holders to
Indemnify. Prior to the Closing Date, to the fullest extent of the limitations
in Section 10.9, the Company shall indemnify, defend and hold harmless the Buyer
and its officers, directors, agents, employees and assigns, from and against any
Losses (as defined in Section 12.1) suffered, sustained, incurred or required to
be paid by the Buyer or its officers, directors, agents, employees and assigns,
as the case may be, based upon, arising out of or otherwise with respect to any
breach or inaccuracy of any representation or warranty, or any failure to
perform or comply with any covenant or agreement, of the Company or the Holders
contained herein or in any document or other paper delivered pursuant hereto.
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From and after the Closing Date, to the fullest extent of the
limitations in Section 10.9, the Holders shall, severally and not jointly,
indemnify, defend and hold harmless the Buyer and its officers, directors,
agents, employees and assigns and the Company and its officers, directors,
agents, employees and assigns, from and against any Losses suffered, sustained,
incurred or required to be paid by the Buyer or its officers, directors, agents,
employees and assigns, as the case may be, based upon, arising out of or
otherwise with respect to any breach or inaccuracy of any representation or
warranty, or any failure to perform or comply with any covenant or agreement, of
the Company or the Holders contained herein or in any document or other paper
delivered pursuant hereto.
Except with respect to injunctive relief, the Buyer acknowledges and
agrees that from and after the Closing its sole and exclusive remedy with
respect to any and all claims pursuant to this Agreement shall be pursuant to
the indemnification provisions set forth in this Section 10.1.
Section X.2. Obligation of the Buyer to Indemnify. Prior to the Closing
Date, the Buyer shall indemnify, defend and hold harmless the Company and its
officers, directors, agents, employees and assigns from and against any Losses
suffered, sustained, incurred or required to be paid by the Company or its
officers, directors, agents, employees and assigns based upon, arising out of or
otherwise with respect to, a breach or inaccuracy of any representation or
warranty, or any failure to perform or comply with any covenant or agreement, of
the Buyer and Merger Sub contained herein or in any document or other paper
delivered pursuant hereto.
From and after the Closing Date, the Buyer shall indemnify, defend and
hold harmless the Holders and their respective officers, directors, agents,
employees and assigns from and against any Losses suffered, sustained, incurred
or required to be paid by the Holders or their respective officers, directors,
agents, employees and assigns based upon, arising out of or otherwise with
respect to, a breach or inaccuracy of any representation or warranty, or any
failure to perform or comply with any covenant or agreement, of the Buyer and
Merger Sub contained herein or in any document or other paper delivered pursuant
hereto.
Except with respect to injunctive relief, the Company and the Holders
acknowledge and agree that from and after the Closing their sole and exclusive
remedy with respect to any and all claims pursuant to this Agreement shall be
pursuant to the indemnification provisions set forth in Section 10.2.
Section X.3. Notice and Opportunity to Defend. If any person entitled to
indemnification pursuant to this Article X (an "Indemnified Person") receives
notice of any claim or the commencement of any suit, action, proceeding or
investigation with respect to which any other person (or persons) is obligated
to provide indemnification (an "Indemnifying Person") pursuant to this Article
X, the Indemnified Person shall promptly give the Indemnifying Person written
notice thereof, together with a statement setting forth such information with
respect to such suit, action, claim, proceeding or investigation as the
Indemnified Person shall then have (an "Indemnification Notice"), but the
failure to give an Indemnification Notice to the Indemnifying Person shall not
relieve the Indemnifying Person of any Liability that it may have
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to an Indemnified Person except to the extent that the Indemnifying Person shall
have been prejudiced in its ability to defend the suit, action, claim,
proceeding or investigation for which such indemnification is sought by reason
of such failure.
Upon receipt of an Indemnification Notice, the Indemnifying Person shall
be entitled at its option and at its cost and expense to assume the defense of,
such suit, action, claim, proceeding or investigation with respect to which it
is called upon to indemnify an Indemnified Person pursuant to this Article X;
provided that, notice of the Indemnifying Person's intention to assume such
defense shall be delivered by the Indemnifying Person to the Indemnified Person
within ten (10) days after the Indemnified Person gives the Indemnifying Person
an Indemnification Notice. In the event that the Indemnifying Person elects to
assume the defense of such suit, action, claim, proceeding or investigation, as
the case may be, the Indemnifying Person shall promptly retain counsel
reasonably satisfactory to the Indemnified Person. The Indemnified Person shall
have the right to employ its own counsel in any such suit, action, claim,
proceeding or investigation, but the fees and expenses of such counsel shall be
at the expense of the Indemnified Person unless: (a) the employment of such
counsel shall have been authorized by the Indemnifying Person; (b) the
Indemnifying Person shall not have promptly retained counsel reasonably
satisfactory to the Indemnified Person to take charge of the defense of such
suit, action, claim, proceeding or investigation; or (c) the Indemnified Person
shall have reasonably concluded that there may be one (1) or more legal defenses
available to it which are different from or additional to those available to the
Indemnifying Person, in which event, such fees and expenses (including, without
limitation, any fees paid to witnesses) shall be borne by the Indemnifying
Person (but in no event shall the Indemnifying Person be required to pay the
fees and expenses of more than one (1) counsel retained by the Indemnified
Person with respect to any one (1) suit, action, claim, proceeding or
investigation). In the event of (a), (b) or (c) above, the Indemnifying Person
shall not have the right to direct the defense of any suit, action, claim,
proceeding or investigation on behalf of the Indemnified Person.
If an Indemnifying Person elects to assume the defense of any suit,
action, claim, proceeding or investigation for which it is called upon to
indemnify an Indemnified Person pursuant to this Article X: (y) no compromise or
settlement thereof may be effected by the Indemnifying Person without the
Indemnified Person's written consent (which shall not be unreasonably withheld
or unreasonably delayed) unless: (i) there is no finding or admission or any
violation of any judgment, ruling, order, writ, award, decree, statute, law,
ordinance, code, rule or regulation of any Governmental Authority or any
violation of the rights of any person by the Indemnified Person and no effect on
any other suit, action, claim, proceeding or investigation that may be made
against the Indemnified Person; and (ii) the sole relief provided is monetary
damages that are paid in full by the Indemnifying Person; and (z) the
Indemnifying Person shall have no liability with respect to any compromise or
settlement thereof effected without its consent (which shall not be unreasonably
withheld or unreasonably delayed). Notwithstanding the foregoing, if any
Indemnified Person determines in good faith that there is a reasonable
probability that an action may materially and adversely affect it or its
Subsidiaries other than as a result of monetary damages, such Indemnified Person
may, by written notice to the Indemnifying Person, assume the exclusive right to
defend, compromise or settle such action, but the Indemnifying Person shall not
be bound by any determination of an action so defended or any
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compromise or settlement thereof effected without its consent (which shall not
be unreasonably withheld or unreasonably delayed).
At any time after the assumption of the defense of any suit, action,
claim, proceeding or investigation by an Indemnifying Person in accordance with
this Section 10.3, the Indemnifying Person may request the Indemnified Person to
agree in writing to the abandonment of such suit, action, claim, proceeding or
investigation or to the payment or compromise by the Indemnifying Person
thereof, whereupon such abandonment, payment or compromise, as the case may be,
shall be effected unless the Indemnified Person determines that such suit,
action, claim, proceeding or investigation should be continued, and so notifies
the Indemnifying Person in writing within ten (10) days of such request from the
Indemnifying Person. In the event that the Indemnified Person determines that
such suit, action, claim, proceeding or investigation should be continued, the
Indemnifying Person shall be liable hereunder only to the extent of the lesser
of: (r) the amount which the other party to the contested suit, action, claim,
proceeding or investigation had agreed to accept in payment or compromise as of
the time the Indemnifying Person made its request therefor to the Indemnified
Person; or (s) such amount for which the Indemnifying Person may be liable with
respect to such suit, action, claim, proceeding or investigation by reason of
the provisions of this Article X.
If the Indemnifying Person fails to give written notice to the
Indemnified Person of its election to assume the defense of any suit, action,
claim, proceeding or investigation for which it is called upon to indemnify an
Indemnified Person pursuant to this Article X within ten (10) days after the
Indemnified Person gives the Indemnification Notice to the Indemnifying Person,
the Indemnifying Person shall be bound by any determination made in such suit,
action, claim, proceeding or investigation or compromise or settlement thereof
effected by the Indemnified Person.
Section X.4. Disputes with Customers and Suppliers. Notwithstanding
anything in this Section 10.4 hereto to the contrary, in the case of any suit,
action, claim, proceeding or investigation by any supplier or customer of the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries with respect to business conducted by the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries prior to the Closing, the Buyer or the
Company, as the case may be, shall give an Indemnification Notice with respect
thereto, but, unless the Buyer or the Company, as the case may be, shall
otherwise agree, the Buyer or the Company, as the case may be, shall have the
exclusive right to defend, compromise and settle any such matter, subject to the
duty of the Buyer to consult with the Indemnifying Person and its counsel in
connection with such defense; and provided that, no such matter involving in
excess of one million dollars ($1,000,000) shall be compromised or settled by
the Buyer without the consent of the Indemnifying Person (which shall not be
unreasonably withheld or unreasonably delayed).
Section X.5. Cooperation. If requested by the Indemnifying Person, the
Indemnified Person shall cooperate to the extent reasonably requested in the
defense or prosecution of any suit, action, claim, proceeding or investigation
for which such Indemnifying Person is being called upon to indemnify the
Indemnified Person pursuant to this Article X, and the Indemnified Person shall
furnish such records, information and testimony and attend all such conferences,
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discovery proceedings, hearing, trials and appeals as may be reasonably
requested in connection therewith and, if appropriate, the Indemnified Person
shall make any counterclaim against the party asserting such suit, action,
claim, proceeding or investigation or any cross-complaint against any person in
connection therewith and the Indemnified Person further agrees to take such
other actions as reasonably may be requested by an Indemnifying Person to reduce
or eliminate any Loss for which the Indemnifying Person would have
responsibility, but the Indemnifying Person will reimburse the Indemnified
Person for any fees or expenses incurred by it in so cooperating or acting at
the request of the Indemnifying Person.
Section X.6. Right to Participate. The Indemnified Person agrees to
afford the Indemnifying Person and its counsel the opportunity to be present at,
and to participate in, conferences with all persons, including, without
limitation, Governmental Authorities, asserting any suit, action, claim,
proceeding or investigation with respect to which such Indemnifying Person may
be called upon to indemnify such Indemnified Person pursuant to this Article X,
or conferences with representatives of or counsel for such persons.
Section X.7. Payment of Losses. The Indemnifying Person shall pay to the
Indemnified Person in cash the amount of any Loss to which the Indemnified
Person may become entitled by reason of the provisions of this Article X, such
payment to be made within twenty (20) days after such Losses are finally
determined either by mutual agreement of the parties hereto or pursuant to the
final unappealable judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction.
Section X.8. Right of Offset. The Buyer and the Company shall have the
right to offset any amounts owing by the Holders pursuant to the obligations of
the Holders under this Article X, against any and all payments in respect of the
Earn-Out Consideration (which, if such Earn-Out Consideration is to be paid in
Buyer Common Stock, shall be valued at the fair market therefor as of the date
payment therefor is to be made); provided, however, the parties shall make
appropriate adjustments for tax consequences and insurance coverage in
determining the amount of any Losses for purposes of this Article X.
Section X.9. Limitation. During the term of the Initial Survival Period,
the indemnification provided for in Section 10.1 will not apply unless and until
the aggregate Losses for which the Buyer seeks indemnification under Section
10.1 exceeds $500,000, and then only to the extent such aggregate Losses exceed
$500,000, and in seeking such indemnification the Buyer's remedy will be limited
to $12,000,000. After the Initial Survival Period, the Indemnification provided
for in Section 10.1 will be limited to $3,000,000.
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Section X.10. Covered Persons. The obligations of the Buyer and the
Holders under this Article X shall extend, upon the same terms and conditions,
to each person, if any, who controls the Buyer and the Holders, respectively,
and each of their respective assigns, within the meaning of Section 15 of the
Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act, and to directors, officers,
employees, consultants and agents of the Buyer and the Holders, respectively,
and each of their respective assigns, and their controlling persons.
ARTICLE XI
TERMINATION OF AGREEMENT
Section XI.1. Termination of Agreement. This Agreement may be
terminated prior to the Closing as follows:
(i) at the election of the Holders or the Buyer, if the Closing shall
not have occurred on or prior to September 30, 1998;
(ii) at the election of the Company, if the Buyer has breached or
failed to perform or comply with (in any material respect) any representation,
warranty, covenant or agreement contained in this Agreement; provided, however,
that if such breach or failure is curable, notice of such breach or failure
shall have been given to the Buyer and the Buyer shall not have cured such
failure within thirty (30) days;
(iii) at the election of the Buyer, if any of the Company or the
Holders has breached or failed to perform or comply with (in any material
respect) any representation, warranty, covenant or agreement contained in this
Agreement; provided, however, that if such breach or failure is curable, notice
of such breach or failure shall have been given to the Company and the Holders
shall not have cured such failure within thirty (30) days;
(iv) at the election of the Company or the Buyer, if any suit, action,
claim, proceeding or investigation is commenced or threatened by any
Governmental Authority or any other person directed against the consummation of
the Merger or any other Transaction and either the Company or the Buyer, as the
case may be, reasonably and in good faith deem it impractical or inadvisable to
proceed in view of such suit, action, claim, proceeding or investigation or
threat thereof; or
(v) at any time by mutual written consent of the Company and the
Representative and the Buyer.
Section XI.2. Effect of Termination. In the event that this Agreement is
terminated pursuant to Section 11.1 hereof, it shall become null and void and
have no further force or effect, except as otherwise specifically provided in
Sections 12.2, 12.3, 12.4, 12.5, 12.6, 12.7, 12.8 and 12.9 and Articles IX and X
hereof; provided, however, that if this Agreement is so terminated by one (1)
party because one (1) or more of the conditions to such party's obligations
hereunder is not satisfied as a result of the other party's failure to comply
with its obligations under this
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Agreement, it is expressly agreed and understood that the terminating party's
right to pursue all legal remedies for breach of contract and damages shall also
survive such termination unimpaired. The parties hereto further agree that in
the event of termination of this Agreement, all filings pursuant to Section 6.9
hereof, and any other filings with any Governmental Authority, shall be
withdrawn by such filing party, as appropriate.
ARTICLE XII
MISCELLANEOUS
Section XII.1. Certain Definitions. As used in this Agreement, the
following terms shall have the following meanings unless the context otherwise
requires:
"Acquired Entity" has the meaning set forth in Sections 1.3(i)(xxi).
"Acquired Entity EBITDA" has the meaning set forth in Section
1.3(i)(xxiv).
"Acquired Entity EBITDA Amount" has the meaning set forth in Section
1.3(i)(xxiv).
"Acquired Entity Interest Expense relating to the Insulation Division"
has the meaning set forth in Section 1.3(i)(xxiv).
"Acquired Entity Net Income from the Insulation Division" has the
meaning set forth in Section 1.3(i)(xxiv).
"Acquisition Proposal" has the meaning set forth in Section 6.14.
"Adjusted Deal Value" has the meaning set forth in Section 1.3(i)(xi).
"Adjusted Residual Value" has the meaning set forth in Section
1.3(i)(viii).
"Agreement" has the meaning set forth in the Preamble.
"Annualized EBITDA" has the meaning set forth in Section 1.3(i)(xix).
"Antitrust Division" has the meaning set forth in Section 6.8.
"Balance Sheet" has the meaning set forth in Section 3.8.
"Balance Sheet Date" has the meaning set forth in Section 3.8.
"Bank" has the meaning set forth in Section 5.15.
"Buyer Common Stock" has the meaning set forth in Section 1.3(a).
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"Buyer Series B Preferred Stock" has the meaning set forth in Section
5.4(a).
"Buyer" has the meaning set forth in the Preamble.
"Cash Consideration" has the meaning set forth in Section 1.9(a)(i).
"CERCLA" has the meaning set forth in Section 3.25(g).
"CERCLIS" has the meaning set forth in Section 3.25(g).
"Certificate of Merger" has the meaning set forth in Section 1.1(b).
"Class A Conversion Number" has the meaning set forth in Section
1.3(b)(i).
"Class B Conversion Number" has the meaning set forth Section 1.3(c).
"Class C Conversion Number" has the meaning set forth in Section
1.3(d)(i).
"Closing Date" has the meaning set forth in Section 2.1.
"Closing" has the meaning set forth in Section 2.1.
"Code" has the meaning set forth in Section 12.1(a).
"Commission" has the meaning set forth in Section 5.6.
"Company Class A Preferred Stock" has the meaning set forth in Section
1.3(b).
"Company Class B Preferred Stock" has the meaning set forth in Section
1.3(c).
"Company Class C Preferred Stock" has the meaning set forth in Section
1.3(d).
"Company Common Stock" has the meaning set forth in Section 1.3(a).
"Company Preferred Stock" has the meaning set forth in Section 1.3(d).
"Company Property" has the meaning set forth in Section 12.1(b).
"Company" has the meaning set forth in the Preamble.
"Consolidated Interest Expense" has the meaning set forth in Section
1.3(i)(xvii).
"Consolidated Interest Income" has the meaning set forth in Section
1.3(i)(xviii).
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"Consolidated Net Income from Continuing Operations" has the meaning set
forth in Section 1.3(i)(xvi).
"Contaminant" has the meaning set forth in Section 12.1(c).
"Contingent Common Shares" has the meaning set forth in Section
1.3(i)(xiii).
"Contingent Market Price" has the meaning set forth in Section
1.3(i)(vii).
"Contingent Payments" has the meaning set forth in Section 1.9(b)(ii).
"Credit Agreement" has the meaning set forth in Section 5.15.
"DCGL" has the meaning set forth in Section 1.1(a).
"Designated Arbitrator" has the meaning set forth in Section 1.9(b)(ii).
"Disclosure Documents" has the meaning set forth in Section 5.6.
"Earn-Out Certificate" has the meaning set forth in Section 1.9(b)(ii).
"Earn-Out Consideration" has the meaning set forth in Section
1.9(a)(iii).
"Earn-Out Debt" has the meaning set forth in Section 1.3(i)(xxii).
"EBITDA" has the meaning set forth in Section 1.3(i)(xv).
"Effective Time" has the meaning set forth in Section 1.1(b).
"EHS Permits" has the meaning set forth in Section 3.25(b).
"Employment Agreements" has the meaning set forth in Section 7.6.
"Employee Benefit Plans" has the meaning set forth in Section 3.23.
"Environmental Laws" has the meaning set forth in Section 12.1(f).
"Environmental Lien" has the meaning set forth in Section 12.1(g).
"ERISA" has the meaning set forth in Section 3.23.
"Exchange Act" has the meaning set forth in Section 3.6.
"Final EBITDA Amount" has the meaning set forth in Section 1.9(b)(ii).
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"Financials" has the meaning set forth in Section 3.8.
"Financing" has the meaning set forth in Section 5.15.
"First Share Amount" has the meaning set forth in Section 1.3(i)(xiii).
"Form 10-K" has the meaning set forth in Section 5.6.
"Form 10-Q" has the meaning set forth in Section 5.6.
"FTC" has the meaning set forth in Section 6.8.
"GAAP" has the meaning set forth in Section 1.3(i)(xv).
"Governmental Authority" has the meaning set forth in Section 12.1(h).
"Holder or Holders" has the meaning set forth in the Preamble.
"HSR Act" has the meaning set forth in Section 3.7.
"Indemnification Notice" has the meaning set forth in Section 10.3.
"Indemnified Person" has the meaning set forth in Section 10.3.
"Indemnifying Person" has the meaning set forth in Section 10.3.
"Initial EBITDA Amount" has the meaning set forth in Section 1.9(b)(ii).
"Initial Market Price" has the meaning set forth in Section 1.3(i)(iii).
"Initial Merger Consideration" has the meaning set forth in Section
1.9(a)(ii).
"Initial Price" has the meaning set forth in Section 1.3(i)(ii).
"Initial Stock Consideration" has the meaning set forth in Section
1.9(a)(ii).
"Initial Survival Period" has the meaning set forth in Section 9.1
"Initial Tax Value" has the meaning set forth in Section 1.3(i)(iv).
"Knowledge" has the meaning set forth in Section 12.1(i).
"Liabilities" has the meaning set forth in Section 3.20.
"Lien" has the meaning set forth in Section 12.1(j).
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"Market Price" has the meaning set forth in Section 1.3(i)(xxiii).
"Material Adverse Change" has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1.
"Material Adverse Effect" has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1.
"Merger Consideration" has the meaning set forth in Section 1.9(a).
"Merger Sub" has the meaning set forth in the Preamble.
"Merger" has the meaning set forth in the Preamble.
"Municipality Contracts" has the meaning set forth in Section 3.13(d).
"NASDAQ" has the meaning set forth in Section 1.3(i)(xxiii).
"NPL" has the meaning set forth in Section 3.25(g).
"Objection" has the meaning set forth in Section 1.9(b)(ii).
"Options" has the meaning set forth in Section 1.3(g).
"Option Share Equivalent" has the meaning set forth in Section 1.3(g).
"Payment Date Company Debt" has the meaning set forth in Section
1.3(i)(xx).
"PCBs" has the meaning set forth in Section 3.25(n).
"Per Share Contingent Common Shares" has the meaning set forth in
Section 1.3(a)(ii).
"Per Share Contingent Payment" has the meaning set forth in Section
1.3(a)(iii).
"Per Share Initial Consideration" has the meaning set forth in Section
1.3(a)(i).
"Permits" has the meaning set forth in Section 3.7.
"Permitted Liens" has the meaning set forth in Section 3.19.
"person" has the meaning set forth in Section 12.1(l).
"PBGC" has the meaning set forth in Section 3.23.
"PGBC-1's" has the meaning set forth in Section 3.23.
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"Primary Deal Value" has the meaning set forth in Section 1.3(i)(x).
"property" has the meaning set forth in Section 12.1(m).
"RCRA" has the meaning set forth in Section 3.25(i).
"Registration Rights Agreements" has the meaning set forth in Section
8.7.
"Related Agreements" has the meaning set forth in the Section 12.1(n).
"Release" has the meaning set forth in Section 12.1(o).
"Remedial Action" has the meaning set forth in Section 12.1(p).
"Representative" has the meaning set forth in Section 2.4.
"Residual Value" has the meaning set forth in Section 1.3(i)(vi).
"Rights" has the meaning set forth in Section 3.2.
"Second Adjusted Deal Value" has the meaning set forth in Section
1.3(i)(xii).
"Second Adjusted Residual Value" has the meaning set forth in section
1.3(i)(ix).
"Second Share Amount" has the meaning set forth in Section 1.3(xiii)(y).
"Securities Act" has the meaning set forth in Section 1.15.
"Securities" has the meaning set forth in the Preamble.
"Share Equivalent Number" has the meaning set forth in Section
1.3(i)(i).
"Shares" has the meaning set forth in the Preamble.
"Stock Consideration" has the meaning set forth in Section 1.9(a).
"Subsidiary" has the meaning set forth in Section 3.2.
"Summary Annual Reports" has the meaning set forth in Section 3.23.
"Summary Plan Descriptions" has the meaning set forth in Section 3.23.
"Surviving Corporation" has the meaning set forth in Section 1.1(a).
"Tangible Property" has the meaning set forth in Section 3.17.
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"Tax or Taxes" has the meaning set forth in Section 12.1(q).
"Tax Returns" has the meaning set forth in Section 12.1(r).
"Taxing Authority" has the meaning set forth in Section 12.1(s).
"Third Share Amount" has the meaning set forth in Section
1.3(i)(xiii)(z).
"Total Nominal Value" has the meaning set forth in Section 1.3(i)(v).
"Transactions" has the meaning set forth in the Preamble.
"Undisputed Amount" has the meaning set forth in Section 1.9(b)(ii).
"Warrant Exercise Amount" has the meaning set forth in Section 1.3(f).
"Warrants" has the meaning set forth in Section 1.3(f).
(a) "Code" means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.
(b) "Company Property" means all real or personal property of any kind
or description presently owned, leased, operated or otherwise under the control
of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and used in the operation of their
businesses.
(c) "Contaminant" means any pollutant, hazardous substance, radioactive
substance, toxic substance, hazardous waste, medical waste, radioactive waste,
special waste, petroleum or petroleum-derived substance or waste, asbestos,
polychlorinated biphenyls or any hazardous or toxic constituent thereof and
includes, but is not limited to, any substance defined in or regulated under
Environmental Laws.
(d) "contracts and/or other agreements" means and includes all
contracts, agreements, instruments, indentures, notes, bonds, leases, mortgages,
deeds of trust, franchises, licenses, permits, commitments or binding
arrangements or understandings, express or implied.
(e) "documents and/or other papers" means and includes any document,
contract or other agreement, certificate, notice, consent, affidavit, letter,
telegram, telex, telecopy, statement, schedule (including any Schedule to this
Agreement), exhibit (including any Exhibit to this Agreement) or any other paper
whatsoever.
(f) "Environmental Laws" means all federal, state, and local laws,
statutes, codes, ordinances, rules, regulations, permits, or orders relating to
or addressing the environment, health or safety, which shall include, but not be
limited to, the use, handling or disposal of any Contaminant, or workplace or
worker safety and health.
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(g) "Environmental Lien" means any lien in favor of any Governmental
Authority for any (i) liability under any Environmental Laws, or (ii) damages
arising from, or costs incurred by, such Governmental Authority in response to a
Release or threatened Release into the environment.
(h) "Governmental Authority" means any agency, department, court or any
other administrative, legislative or regulatory authority of any foreign,
federal, state or local governmental body.
(i) "knowledge" means, with respect to the Company or the Buyer, the
actual knowledge of any of its officers and directors and, with respect to the
Holders, the actual knowledge of any of the Holders.
(j) "Lien" means and includes any lien, security interest, pledge,
charge, option, right of first refusal, claim, mortgage, lease, easement or any
other encumbrance whatsoever.
(k) "Losses" means any claims, damages, charges, costs and expenses,
including reasonable attorneys' fees and expenses.
(l) "person" means any individual, corporation, general or limited
partnership, firm, joint venture, association, enterprise, joint stock company,
trust, unincorporated organization or other entity.
(m) "property" means real, personal or mixed property.
(n) "Related Agreements" means the Employment Agreements, the
Registration Rights Agreement and any other agreements to be executed in
connection with the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby.
(o) "Release" means the release, spill, emission, leaking, pumping,
injection, deposit, disposal, discharge, dispersal, leaching or migrating into
the indoor or outdoor environment of any Contaminant through or in the air,
soil, surface water, groundwater or Company Property.
(p) "Remedial Action" means actions required to (i) clean up, remove,
treat or in any other way address Contaminants in the indoor or outdoor
environment; (ii) prevent a Release or threat of Release or minimize the further
Release of Contaminants; or (iii) investigate and determine if a remedial
response is needed, design such a response and post-remedial investigation,
monitoring, operation, maintenance and care.
(q) "Tax" or "Taxes" means any federal, state, local or foreign income,
gross receipts, license, payroll, employment, excise, severance, stamp,
occupation, premium, windfall profits, environmental (including taxes under
Section 59A of the Code ), customs duties, capital stock, franchise, profits,
withholding, social security (or similar), unemployment, disability, real
property, personal property, sales, use, transfer, registration, value added,
alternative or add-on minimum, estimated, or other tax of any kind whatsoever,
including any interest, penalty, or
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addition thereto, whether disputed or not, and including any obligations under
any agreements with respect to any of the foregoing.
(r) "Tax Return" means any return, declaration, form, report, claim for
refund, or information return or statement relating to Taxes, including any
schedule or attachment thereto, and including any amendment thereof, that is
required to be filed with any Taxing Authority.
(s) "Taxing Authority" means any Governmental Authority, domestic or
foreign, having jurisdiction over the assessment, determination, collection, or
other imposition of any Tax.
Section XII.2. Fees and Expenses. Each of the parties hereto shall pay
its own fees and expenses incident to the negotiation, preparation and execution
of this Agreement, including attorneys', accountants' and other advisors fees
and the fees and expenses of any broker, finder or agent retained by such party
in connection with the Transactions, except that the Holders shall pay all stock
transfer Taxes, recording fees and other sales, transfer, use, purchase or
similar Taxes resulting from the Transactions.
Section XII.3. Publicity. No publicity release or announcement
concerning this Agreement or the Transactions shall be issued without advance
approval of the form and substance thereof by the Company and the Buyer.
Section XII.4. Confidentiality. All documents and other papers and other
information given by any party hereto to any other party shall be considered
confidential and shall be used only for purposes of the Transactions. If this
Agreement is terminated prior to the consummation of the Transactions, all
documents and other papers of any party which have been delivered to another
party and all copies, summaries and extracts thereof shall be returned to the
originating party promptly upon such party's request. Whether or not the Closing
is consummated, all disclosures made by any party hereto to any other party
shall be treated as confidential and not used by such other party for its own
benefit or disclosed to others, except insofar as the information contained in
such disclosures is readily ascertainable from public or published information,
or trade sources, or already known or subsequently developed by such party
independently of such disclosures, or received from a third party not under any
obligation to the party to whom such information pertains and the parties hereto
acknowledge that they and their respective representatives may provide such
documents and other papers and information in response to legal, judicial or
administrative process or applicable governmental, regulatory or administrative
statutes, laws, ordinances, codes, rules, regulations or orders, but only that
portion of the documents and other papers and information which is legally
required to be furnished, and, provided that such party fully cooperates with
such other party to protect the confidentiality of such documents and other
papers and information under applicable law. In addition, the parties hereto
shall use reasonable efforts to cause their officers, directors, employees,
agents, representatives, counsel and accountants, and any banks, other financial
institutions and investment bankers arranging or providing for or advising with
respect to any financing to, comply with the provisions of this Section 12.4 as
if parties hereto.
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Section XII.5. Notices. Any notice or other communication required or
which may be given hereunder shall be-in writing and shall be delivered
personally, telecopied or sent by certified, registered, or express mail,
postage prepaid, to the parties at the following addresses or at such other
addresses as shall be specified by the parties by like notice, and shall be
deemed given when so delivered personally, telecopied, telegraphed or telexed,
or if mailed, (two) (2) days after the date of mailing, as follows:
(a) if to the Buyer or the Merger Sub, to:
KTI, Inc.
7000 Boulevard East
Guttenberg, New Jersey 07093
Attention: Robert Wetzel, Esq.
Fax: (201) 854-1771
with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:
McDermott, Will & Emery
50 Rockefeller Plaza
New York, New York 10020
Attention: Brian Hoffmann
Fax: (212) 547-5444
(b) if to the Company, to:
FCR, Inc.
809 West Hill Street
Charlotte, North Carolina 28208
Attention: President
Fax: (704) 379-0670
with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:
Fennebresque, Clark, Swindell & Hay
NationsBank Corporate Center, Suite 2900
100 North Tryon Street
Charlotte, North Carolina 28202-4011
Attention: Bernard B. Clark, Esq.
and John S. Chinuntdet, Esq.
Fax: (704) 347-3838
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and a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:
Brooks, Pierce, McLendon, Humphrey & Leonard, L.L.P.
2000 Renaissance Plaza
230 North Elm Street
Post Office Box 26000
Greensboro, North Carolina 27420-6000
Attention: Reid L. Phillips, Esq.
and Mark D. Bishop, Esq.
Fax: (336) 378-1001
(c) if to the Holders, to each of them at the addresses listed on
Exhibit A, annexed hereto.
Section XII.6. Entire Agreement. This Agreement (including the Exhibits
and Schedules hereto) and the Related Agreements contain the entire agreement
among the parties hereto with respect to the Transactions and supersedes all
prior contracts and other agreements, written or oral, with respect thereto.
Section XII.7. Waivers and Amendments. This Agreement may be amended,
modified, superseded, cancelled, renewed or extended, and the terms and
conditions hereof may be waived, only by a written instrument signed by the
parties hereto or, in the case of a waiver, by the party waiving compliance. No
delay on the part of any party in exercising any right, power or privilege
hereunder shall operate as a waiver thereof, nor shall any waiver on the part of
any party of any right, power or privilege hereunder, nor any single or partial
exercise of any right, power or privilege hereunder, preclude any other or
further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right, power or privilege
hereunder. The rights and remedies herein provided are cumulative and are not
exclusive of any rights or remedies which any party may otherwise have at law or
in equity. The rights and remedies of any party arising out of or otherwise in
respect of any inaccuracy in or breach of any representation or warranty, or any
failure to perform or comply with any covenant or agreement, contained in this
Agreement shall in no way be limited by the fact that the act, omission,
occurrence or other state of facts upon which any claim of any such inaccuracy,
breach or failure is based may also be the subject matter of any other
representation, warranty, covenant or agreement contained in this Agreement (or
in any other agreement between the parties) as to which there is no inaccuracy,
breach or failure.
Section XII.8. GOVERNING LAW. THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY, AND
CONSTRUED AND ENFORCED IN ACCORDANCE WITH AND SUBJECT TO, THE LAWS OF THE STATE
OF DELAWARE APPLICABLE TO AGREEMENTS MADE AND TO BE PERFORMED ENTIRELY WITHIN
SUCH STATE.
Section XII.9. Binding Effect; Benefit. This Agreement shall inure to
the benefit of and be binding upon the parties hereto and their respective
successors and assigns. Nothing in this Agreement, expressed or implied, is
intended to confer on any person other than the parties
64
<PAGE> 66
hereto and any Indemnified Person or their respective successors and assigns,
any rights, remedies, obligations or liabilities under or by reason of this
Agreement.
Section XII.10. No Assignment. This Agreement is not assignable except
by operation of law; except that the Buyer may assign its rights hereunder in
full or in part to one (1) or more of its wholly-owned Subsidiaries, but in no
event will any such assignment relieve the Buyer of any of its obligations and
liabilities hereunder.
Section XII.11. Variations in Pronouns. All pronouns and any variations
thereof refer to the masculine, feminine or neuter, singular or plural, as the
identity of the person or persons may require.
Section XII.12. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in two (2)
or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original but all of which
together shall constitute one (1) and the same instrument.
Section XII.13. Exhibits and Schedules. The Exhibits and Schedules to
this Agreement are a part of this Agreement as if set forth in full herein.
Section XII.14. Headings. The headings in this Agreement are for
reference purposes only and shall not in any way affect the meaning or
interpretation of this Agreement.
Section XII.15. Severability. If any term, provision, covenant or
restriction of this Agreement, or any part thereof, is held by a court of
competent jurisdiction or any Governmental Authority to be invalid, void,
unenforceable or against public policy for any reason, the remainder of the
terms, provisions, covenants and restrictions of this Agreement shall remain in
full force and effect and shall in no way be affected, impaired or invalidated.
Section XII.16. Other Remedies. Except as otherwise provided herein, any
and all remedies herein expressly conferred upon a party will be deemed
cumulative with and not exclusive of any other remedy conferred hereby or by law
on such party, and the exercise of any one remedy will not preclude the exercise
of any other.
Section XII.17. No Agency Relationship. No party is by virtue of this
Agreement authorized as an agent, employee or legal representative of any other
party. No party will have the power to control the activities and operations of
any other, and the parties' status is, and at all times, will continue to be,
that of independent contractors with respect to each other. No party will have
any power or authority to bind or commit any other. No party will hold itself
out as having any authority or relationship in contravention of this Section.
65
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Agreement as of the
date first above written.
KTI, INC.
/s/ Martin J. Sergi
By: ______________________________
Name: Martin J. Sergi
Title: President
KTI ACQUISITION SUB, INC.
/s/ Martin J. Sergi
By: ______________________________
Name: Martin J. Sergi
Title: President
FCR, INC.
/s/ Brian J. Noonan
By: ______________________________
Name: Brian J. Noonan
Title: Chief Financial Officer
SIGNATURE PAGE TO AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
<TABLE>
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ARTICLE I THE MERGER................................................................................. 1
Section 1.1. The Merger......................................................................... 1
Section 1.2. Effect of the Merger............................................................... 2
Section 1.3. Conversion of Securities........................................................... 2
Section 1.4. Surrender and Payment.............................................................. 8
Section 1.5. Waiver of Dissenters Rights........................................................ 9
Section 1.6. Certificate of Incorporation....................................................... 9
Section 1.7. By-Laws............................................................................ 9
Section 1.8. Directors and Officers............................................................. 9
Section 1.9. Purchase Price and Payment for the Securities...................................... 9
Section 1.10. Transfer Taxes..................................................................... 11
Section 1.11. Adjustments for Capital Changes.................................................... 11
Section 1.12. Letters of Transmittal............................................................. 12
Section 1.13. Lost Stolen or Destroyed Certificates.............................................. 12
Section 1.14. Registration Rights................................................................ 12
Section 1.15. Certificates for Stock Consideration............................................... 12
ARTICLE II CLOSING; REPRESENTATIVE.................................................................... 13
Section 2.1. Closing............................................................................ 13
Section 2.2. Items to be Delivered by the Company and the Holders at the Closing................ 13
Section 2.3. Items to be Delivered by the Buyer at the Closing.................................. 14
Section 2.4. Representative..................................................................... 14
ARTICLE III REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY.............................................. 15
Section 3.1. Organization and Qualification..................................................... 15
Section 3.2. Subsidiaries; Investments.......................................................... 15
Section 3.3. Capitalization..................................................................... 16
Section 3.4. Certificate of Incorporation and By-Laws; Minute Books............................. 17
Section 3.5. Authority Relative to this Agreement............................................... 17
Section 3.6. Absence of Conflicts............................................................... 17
Section 3.7. Governmental Permits and Approvals................................................. 18
Section 3.8. Financial Statements............................................................... 18
Section 3.9. No Material Adverse Change......................................................... 19
Section 3.10. Tax Matters........................................................................ 19
Section 3.11. Compliance with Law................................................................ 20
Section 3.12. Litigation......................................................................... 20
Section 3.13. Agreements......................................................................... 21
Section 3.14. Real Estate........................................................................ 22
Section 3.15. Accounts and Notes Receivable...................................................... 22
Section 3.16. Inventory Valuation................................................................ 22
Section 3.17. Tangible Property.................................................................. 23
Section 3.18. Intangible Property................................................................ 23
Section 3.19. Liens.............................................................................. 23
Section 3.20. Liabilities........................................................................ 23
Section 3.21. Suppliers and Customers............................................................ 24
Section 3.22. Employment and Labor Agreements.................................................... 24
Section 3.23. Employee Benefit Plans............................................................. 24
Section 3.24. Employees.......................................................................... 27
</TABLE>
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<TABLE>
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Section 3.25. Environmental Matters.............................................................. 27
Section 3.26. Unlawful or Undisclosed Payments................................................... 29
Section 3.27. Insurance.......................................................................... 29
Section 3.28. Operations of the Company.......................................................... 29
Section 3.29. Potential Conflicts of Interest.................................................... 32
Section 3.30. Full Disclosure.................................................................... 32
Section 3.31. No Broker. ........................................................................ 32
Section 3.32. Seasonality........................................................................ 33
ARTICLE IV REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF EACH HOLDER.............................................. 33
Section 4.1. Title to Securities................................................................ 33
Section 4.2. Authority Relative to this Agreement............................................... 33
Section 4.3. Absence of Conflicts............................................................... 34
Section 4.4. Vote............................................................................... 34
Section 4.5. No Action. ........................................................................ 34
Section 4.6. Acquisition of Stock Consideration for Investment.................................. 34
ARTICLE V REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE BUYER AND THE MERGER SUB............................. 35
Section 5.1. Organization....................................................................... 35
Section 5.2. Subsidiaries....................................................................... 35
Section 5.3. Authority Relative to this Agreement............................................... 35
Section 5.4. Capitalization..................................................................... 36
Section 5.5. Articles of Incorporation and By-Laws.............................................. 36
Section 5.6. Public Documents................................................................... 37
Section 5.7. Financial Statements............................................................... 37
Section 5.8. Liabilities........................................................................ 37
Section 5.9. No Material Adverse Change......................................................... 38
Section 5.10. Absence of Conflicts............................................................... 38
Section 5.11. No Broker.......................................................................... 38
Section 5.12. Purchase for Investment............................................................ 38
Section 5.13. Reserve for Issuance............................................................... 39
Section 5.14. Full Disclosure.................................................................... 39
Section 5.15. Financing.......................................................................... 39
ARTICLE VI COVENANTS AND AGREEMENTS................................................................... 39
Section 6.1. Conduct of Business................................................................ 39
Section 6.2. Insurance.......................................................................... 39
Section 6.3. Litigation......................................................................... 40
Section 6.4. Continued Effectiveness of Representations and Warranties; Satisfaction of Conditions 40
Section 6.5. Advice of Changes.................................................................. 41
Section 6.6. Corporate Examinations and Investigations.......................................... 42
Section 6.7. Corporate Examinations and Investigations.......................................... 43
Section 6.8. Pre-merger Notification............................................................ 43
Section 6.9. Compliance with Agreements......................................................... 44
Section 6.10. Benefit Plans...................................................................... 44
Section 6.11. Environmental Audits............................................................... 44
Section 6.12. Pending Acquisitions............................................................... 45
Section 6.13. Voting Provisions.................................................................. 45
Section 6.14. No Solicitations................................................................... 45
Section 6.15. Blue Sky Laws...................................................................... 45
Section 6.16. Further Assurances................................................................. 45
</TABLE>
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ARTICLE VII CONDITIONS PRECEDENT TO THE OBLIGATION
OF THE BUYER TO CLOSE...................................................................... 46
Section 7.1. Representations and Covenants...................................................... 46
Section 7.2. Good Standing; Certificates........................................................ 46
Section 7.3. Governmental Permits and Approvals................................................. 46
Section 7.4. Legal Proceedings.................................................................. 47
Section 7.5. Third Party Consents............................................................... 47
Section 7.6. Employment Agreements. ........................................................... 47
Section 7.7. Hart-Scott-Rodino.................................................................. 47
Section 7.8. Title Searches..................................................................... 48
Section 7.9. Legal Investment................................................................... 48
Section 7.10. Compliance with Agreements......................................................... 48
Section 7.11. Environmental Audits............................................................... 48
Section 7.12. Tax Opinion........................................................................ 48
Section 7.13. Joinder Agreement.................................................................. 48
ARTICLE VIII CONDITIONS PRECEDENT TO THE OBLIGATION
OF THE HOLDERS AND THE COMPANY TO CLOSE.................................................... 48
Section 8.1. Representations and Covenants...................................................... 48
Section 8.2. Good Standing; Certificates........................................................ 49
Section 8.3. Governmental Permits and Approvals................................................. 49
Section 8.4. Legal Proceedings.................................................................. 49
Section 8.5. Third Party Consents............................................................... 49
Section 8.6. Hart-Scott-Rodino.................................................................. 50
Section 8.7. Registration Rights Agreements..................................................... 50
Section 8.8. Legal Investment................................................................... 50
ARTICLE IX SURVIVAL OF REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE .....................COMPANY AND THE HOLDERS
50
Section 9.1. Survival of Representatives and Warranties of the Company and the Holders.......... 50
Section 9.2. Survival of Representatives and Warranties of the Buyer and the Merger Sub......... 50
Section 9.3 Survival of Covenants and Agreements............................................... 50
ARTICLE X INDEMNIFICATION............................................................................ 51
Section 10.1. Several Obligation of the Company and the Holders to Indemnify..................... 51
Section 10.2. Obligation of the Buyer to Indemnify............................................... 51
Section 10.3. Notice and Opportunity to Defend................................................... 52
Section 10.4. Disputes with Customers and Suppliers.............................................. 54
Section 10.5. Cooperation........................................................................ 54
Section 10.6. Right to Participate............................................................... 54
Section 10.7. Payment of Losses.................................................................. 54
Section 10.8. Right of Offset.................................................................... 55
Section 10.9. Limitation......................................................................... 55
Section 10.10. Covered Persons.................................................................... 55
ARTICLE XI TERMINATION OF AGREEMENT................................................................... 55
Section 11.1. Termination of Agreement........................................................... 55
Section 11.2. Effect of Termination.............................................................. 56
ARTICLE XII MISCELLANEOUS.............................................................................. 56
Section 12.1. Certain Definitions................................................................ 56
Section 12.2. Fees and Expenses.................................................................. 64
Section 12.3. Publicity.......................................................................... 65
</TABLE>
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<TABLE>
<S> <C> <C>
Section 12.4. Confidentiality.................................................................... 65
Section 12.5. Notices............................................................................ 65
Section 12.6. Entire Agreement................................................................... 67
Section 12.7. Waivers and Amendments............................................................. 67
Section 12.8. Governing Law...................................................................... 67
Section 12.9. Binding Effect; Benefit............................................................ 67
Section 12.10. No Assignment...................................................................... 68
Section 12.11. Variations in Pronouns............................................................. 68
Section 12.12. Counterparts....................................................................... 68
Section 12.13. Exhibits and Schedules............................................................. 68
Section 12.14. Headings........................................................................... 68
Section 12.15. Severability....................................................................... 68
Section 12.16. Other Remedies..................................................................... 68
Section 12.17. No Agency Relationship............................................................. 68
</TABLE>
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SCHEDULES AND EXHIBITS
Schedule 3.1 Organization and Qualification
Schedule 3.2 Subsidiaries; Investments
Schedule 3.3 Capitalization
Schedule 3.6 Absence of Conflicts - Company
Schedule 3.10 Tax Matters
Schedule 3.11 Compliance with Law
Schedule 3.12 Litigation
Schedule 3.13 Material Agreements
Schedule 3.14 Real Estate
Schedule 3.18 Intangible Property
Schedule 3.19 Liens
Schedule 3.20 Liabilities
Schedule 3.21 Suppliers and Customers
Schedule 3.22 Employment and Labor Agreements
Schedule 3.23 Employee Benefit Plans
Schedule 3.24 Employees
Schedule 3.25 Environmental Matters
Schedule 3.27 Insurance
Schedule 3.28 Operations of the Company
Schedule 3.29 Potential Conflicts of Interest
Schedule 3.31 Brokers, Finders, Agents
Schedule 4.3 Absence of Holder Conflicts
Schedule 4.5 No Actions
Schedule 4.6 Nonaccredited Investors
Schedule 5.1 Leased Facilities
Schedule 5.2 Subsidiaries
Schedule 5.4 Outstanding Warrants, Options and Convertible Securities
Schedule 5.8 Other Liabilities
Schedule 5.10 Absence of Conflicts
Schedule 5.11 Entities to be paid Brokerage or Finder's Fees
Schedule 7.5 Consents and Approvals
Schedule 7.6 Employment Agreements
Schedule 7.8 Title Searches
Exhibit A Payment of Purchase Price and Allocation of Proceeds
Exhibit B Certificate of Merger
Exhibit C Warrants
Exhibit D Options to Purchase Company Common Stock
Exhibit E Directors of the Surviving Corporation
Exhibit F Form of Registration Rights Agreement
Exhibit G Form of Employment Agreement
v
<PAGE> 1
July 7, 1998
Board of Directors
KTI, Inc.
7000 Boulevard East
Guttenberg, NJ 07093
Dear Sirs:
You have requested our opinion as to the fairness from a financial
point of view to KTI, Inc. (the "Company") of the consideration to be paid by
the Company pursuant to the terms of the Agreement and Plan of Merger (the
"Agreement"), by and among the Company, KTI Acquisition Sub, Inc. ("Merger Sub")
a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, FCR, Inc. ("FCR") and all of the
security holders of FCR, pursuant to which FCR will be merged (the "Merger")
with and into the Merger Sub.
Pursuant to the Agreement, the shares of common stock and each class of
preferred stock of FCR will be converted into the right to receive, in the
aggregate, $30 million in cash, 1,714,285 shares of common stock, no par value
("Company Common Stock") of the Company and Earn-Out Consideration (as defined
in the Agreement) of up to $30 million of a combination of Company Common Stock
and cash.
In arriving at our opinion, we have reviewed the draft dated June 30,
1998 of the Agreement. We also have reviewed financial and other information
that was publicly available or furnished to us by the Company and FCR, including
information provided during discussions with their respective managements.
Included in the information provided during discussions with the respective
managements were certain financial projections of FCR pro forma for the RRS
acquisition for the period beginning 1998 and ending 2002 prepared by the
management of FCR and certain financial projections of the Company for the
period beginning 1998 and ending 2002 prepared by the management of the Company.
In addition, we have compared certain financial and securities data of the
Company and FCR with various other companies whose securities are traded in
public markets, reviewed the historical stock prices and trading volumes of
Company Common Stock, reviewed prices paid in certain other business
combinations, and conducted such other financial studies, analyses and
investigations as we deemed appropriate for purposes of this opinion. We were
not provided an opportunity to discuss with management of Applegate Fibers
Insulation ("Applegate") the historical and future operating and financial
performance of Applegate.
In rendering our opinion, we have relied upon and assumed the accuracy
and completeness of all of the financial and other information that was
available to us from public sources, that was provided to us by the Company and
FCR or their respective representatives, or that was otherwise reviewed by us.
In particular, we have relied upon the estimates of the management of the
Company of the operating synergies achievable as a result of the Merger and upon
our discussion of such synergies with the management of FCR. With respect to the
financial projections supplied to us
<PAGE> 2
related to the Company and FCR, we have assumed that they have been reasonably
prepared on the basis reflecting the best currently available estimates and
judgments of the management of the Company and FCR as to the future operating
and financial performance of the Company and FCR. We have assumed that the
consummation of the acquisition of Applegate prior to December 31, 1998 will not
result in FCR assuming directly or indirectly any material liabilities other
than outstanding indebtedness reflected on the consolidated balance sheet of
KTI/FCR as of December 31, 1998. In addition, we have assumed that the cash flow
for the period from July 1, 1998 through December 31, 1998 of Applegate is
consistent with its long term cash flow generating capacity and is consistent
with the cash flow generating capacity of FCR. We have not assumed any
responsibility for making any independent evaluation of any assets or
liabilities or for making any independent verification of any of the information
reviewed by us.
Our opinion is necessarily based on economic, market, financial and
other conditions as they exist on, and on the information made available to us
as of, the date of this letter. It should be understood that, although
subsequent developments may affect this opinion, we do not have any obligation
to update, revise or reaffirm this opinion. We are expressing no opinion herein
as to the prices at which Company Common Stock will actually trade at any time.
Our opinion does not address the relative merits of the Merger and the other
business strategies being considered by the Company's Board of Directors, nor
does it address the Board's decision to proceed with the Merger. Our opinion
does not constitute a recommendation to any stockholder as to how such
stockholder should vote on the proposed transaction.
Donaldson, Lufkin & Jenrette Securities Corporation ("DLJ"), as part of
its investment banking services, is regularly engaged in the valuation of
businesses and securities in connection with mergers, acquisitions,
underwritings, sales and distributions of listed and unlisted securities,
private placements and valuations for corporate and other purposes.
Based upon the foregoing and such other factors as we deem relevant, we
are of the opinion that the consideration to be paid by the Company pursuant to
the Agreement is fair to the Company from a financial point of view.
Very truly yours,
DONALDSON, LUFKIN & JENRETTE
SECURITIES CORPORATION
By: /s/ Sam C. Pina
---------------
Sam C. Pina
Vice President
<PAGE> 1
[KTI LOGO] 7000 BOULEVARD EAST
GUTTENBERG, NJ 07093
TEL. (201) 854-7777
FAX (201) 854-1771
NEWS RELEASE
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
KTI SIGNS DEFINITIVE AGREEMENT TO ACQUIRE FCR, INC.,
A NATIONAL WASTE PROCESSING FIRM.
GUTTENBERG, N. J. (JULY 22, 1998) -- KTI, Inc. (Nasdaq: KTIE) announced
today that it has signed a definitive merger agreement to acquire all the
outstanding stock of FCR, Inc., a national waste processing firm with 27 plants
in 14 states based in Charlotte, N.C. The agreement is now subject only to Hart,
Scott, Rodino review and other customary conditions to closing. Donaldson,
Lufkin & Jenrette acted as a financial advisor to KTI.
Martin Sergi, president of KTI, said, "The signing of the definitive
merger agreement virtually completes this transaction. The final step is a
passage of the Hart, Scott, Rodino waiting period. We look forward to the
expeditious final completion of the merger in roughly 30 days."
FCR's operations are organized around three business units: material
recovery facilities, cellulose insulation manufacturing and plastic recycling
plants. For the three months ended March 31, 1998, FCR's three operating
divisions generated $15,026,558 in revenue, $2,487,869 in EBITDA and $589,678 in
net income. The company employs about 800 personnel. FCR's revenues are expected
to be running at an annual rate of $100 million by the end of 1998.
The purchase price consists of 1,714,285 shares of KTI stock; $30
million in cash; and an earn-out provision of up to $30 million in a combination
of cash or KTI stock with a floor price of $23 per share.
FCR's Recycling Division owns and/or operates 18 material recovery
facilities located in 10 states, which receive, sort, process and market
commingled materials under long-term contracts with municipalities and other
authorities. In 1998, the division is projected to process over 650,000 tons of
recyclables while KTI is expected to process some 500,000 tons in comparable
recyclables, excluding KTI's waste to energy and wood chip plants and marketing
divisions. During the past five years, FCR's recycling volume has had a
compounded annual growth rate of over 45%.
U. S. Fiber, Inc., FCR's Insulation Division, was created in May 1997
with the acquisition of cellulose insulation plants located in Rhonda, N.C. and
Tampa, Fl. During 1997, U.S. Fiber acquired additional plants located in
Delphos, Ohio and Portland, Ore. In January 1998, U.S. Fiber opened a newly
constructed manufacturing plant in Phoenix, Ariz. and currently has a plant
under construction in Dallas, Texas. These plants utilize waste paper as
feedstock and manufacture cellulose insulation material for sale to the
manufactured home industry and to insulation contractors.
<PAGE> 2
-more-
KTI, Inc.
Page 2
FCR's third operating division is FCR Plastics, which was created in September
1997 with the purchase of the assets of Resource Recycling, Inc., a reprocessor
of post consumer and post industrial plastics in North Carolina. FCR Plastics
has three plants processing over 50 million pounds of recycled plastics a year.
KTI currently operates a plastics trading and brokerage operation, which is
located in Annapolis, Md., and handles over 40 million pounds of recycled
plastics a year.
For further information, contact Marty Sergi at KTI, Inc. (201)
854-7777 or Frank N. Hawkins, Jr. or Julie Marshall at Hawk Associates, Inc.
(305) 852-2383. Copies of KTI press releases, SEC filings, current price quotes,
stock charts, analysts' comments and other valuable information for investors
may be found on the website MACROBUTTON HtmlResAnchor
http://www.hawkassociates.com.
This release contains various forward looking statements within the meaning of
Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 which represent the company's expectations or beliefs
concerning future events of the company's financial performance. These
forward-looking statements are qualified by important factors that could cause
actual results to differ materially from those in the forward-looking
statements. Results actually achieved may differ materially from expected
results included in these statements.
