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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, DC 20549
FORM 10-K
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 1998
Commission File No. ________
KTI, INC.
New Jersey 22-2665282
7000 Boulevard East
Guttenberg, New Jersey 07093
(201) 854-7777
Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None
Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
Common stock, no par value
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required
to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during
the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was
required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing
requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes [ ] No [X]
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405
of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the
best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements
incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this
Form 10-K [X].
State the aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates of
the registrant. The aggregate market value shall be computed by reference to the
price at which the stock was sold, or the average bid and asked prices of such
stock, as of a specified date within 60 days prior to the date of filing:
$121,950,025 at May 12, 1999
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the registrant's classes of
common stock, as of the latest practicable date:
13,916,238
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
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Item Number and Caption Number
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PART I
Item 1. Business 2
Item 2. Properties 25
Item 3. Legal Proceedings 26
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders 28
PART II
Item 5. Market for Registrant's Common Equity and Related Stockholder Matters 29
Item 6. Selected Historical Consolidated Financial Information 30
Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations 31
Item 7a. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure about Market Risk 45
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data 45
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial
Disclosure 45
PART III
Item 10. Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant 46
Item 11. Executive Compensation 48
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management 56
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions 57
PART IV
Item 14. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules 59
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PART I
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
GENERAL
BUSINESS OF ISSUER AND BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT
KTI, Inc. (individually and collectively with its subsidiaries, the
"Company") was incorporated in New Jersey in 1985. The Company is a holding
company, and substantially all of its operating assets are owned by corporate
and partnership subsidiaries.
The Company's operations include wholly-owned consolidated subsidiaries
and majority-owned consolidated subsidiaries. The Company's majority-owned
consolidated subsidiaries include Maine Energy Recovery Company, Limited
Partnership ("Maine Energy"), American Ash Recycling of Tennessee, Ltd.,
("AART") and Penobscot Energy Recovery Company, Limited Partnership
("PERC"). The Company's principal wholly-owned operating subsidiaries are
Timber Energy Resources, Inc. ("TERI"), K-C International, Ltd. ("K-C"),
Manner Resins, Inc. ("Manner"), Data Destruction Services ("DDS"), KTI
Recycling of New Jersey ("Newark Facility"), KTI Recycling of Illinois
("Chicago Facility"), KTI Recycling of New England ("Charlestown Facility"),
KTI Specialty Waste Services, Inc. ("Specialty Waste"), FCR, Inc. ("FCR"),
KTI N.J. Fibers, Inc. ("NJ Fibers") and KTI Energy of Virginia.
The Company's objectives are focused on the development of an integrated
waste handling business, providing wood, paper, corrugated, metals, plastic and
glass processing and recycling, municipal solid waste processing and disposal
capabilities, specialty waste disposal services, recycling of ash combustion
residue and the manufacture of finished products utilizing recyclable materials.
The Company's integrated waste handling business emphasizes the use of low-cost
processing to add value to the various waste products delivered and, in certain
cases, the generation of electric power and steam. The Company believes that by
adding these processing steps to its system it is competitive with traditional
landfill alternatives while producing superior environmental results and meeting
social and political mandates.
The Company operates its business under four reportable segments:
Waste-to-Energy, Residential Recycling, Commercial Recycling, and Finished
Products. Each reportable segment is a business unit that offers different
products or services and each is managed separately and provides distinct
products or services utilizing different production facilities.
The Waste-to-Energy segment consists of the operations of Maine Energy,
PERC, TERI's two facilities, Specialty Waste, AART, KTI BioFuels, Inc.
("BioFuels"), Total Waste Management Corporation ("TWM", acquired January 1998),
Multitrade Group, Inc. ("Multitrade", acquired June 1998), Russell Stull
(acquired October 1998), and KTI Recycling of Canada ("KTI Tire", acquired
November 1998).
The Residential Recycling segment consists of seventeen facilities which
process and market recyclable materials under long-term contacts with
municipalities and commercial customers. These facilities were acquired as part
of the acquisition of FCR (acquired August 1998).
The Commercial Recycling segment consists of the operations of I.
Zaitlin and Sons, Inc. ("Zaitlin", acquired August 1997), K-C (acquired
September 1997), the commercial recycling plants acquired from Prins, and NJ
Fibers which consists of the operations of Gaccione Bros., Inc. & Co. and PGC
Corporation (collectively, "Gaccione") and Atlantic Coast Fibers, Inc.
("Atlantic Coast"). Both Gaccione and Atlantic Coast were acquired in August
1998. These operations process and market paper fibers obtained from
commercial customers and broker paper fibers for the Company's processing
facilities and external customers.
The Finished Products segment consists of the operations of Power Ship
Transport ("Power Ship"), Manner (acquired November 1996), the cellulose
insulation plants and the plastic reprocessing plants acquired with FCR
(acquired August 1998), the plastic reprocessing operations of First State
Recycling, Inc. ("First State", acquired August 1998) and the glass pellet
processor Seaglass, Inc. ("Seaglass", formed by the
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Company in February 1998). These operations manufacture or distribute finished
products which utilize recyclable materials as a primary raw material.
MEASUREMENT OF SEGMENT PROFIT OR LOSS AND SEGMENT ASSETS
The Company evaluates performance and allocates resources based on profit
or loss from operations before interest and income taxes. The accounting
policies of the reportable segments are the same as those described in the
summary of significant accounting policies section of the financial statements.
Intersegment sales are recorded at cost plus an agreed-upon profit. Refer to the
segment reporting information in the Company's notes to consolidated financial
statements.
WASTE-TO-ENERGY SEGMENT
Two of the Company's facilities in Maine are waste-to-energy facilities
which convert ordinary, non-hazardous solid waste from residential, commercial
and industrial sources ("municipal solid waste" or "MSW") into refuse derived
fuel ("RDF"), which in turn is combusted alone or with supplemental fuels (such
as wood chips, tire chips, natural gas and fuel oil) to dispose of the RDF and,
in the process, generate electrical power to be sold to electrical utilities.
These facilities process the MSW prior to combustion to separate for beneficial
reuse, non-combustible materials such as ferrous metals, glass and grit. The
remaining combustible material is further processed to increase the surface
volume and reduce size. Through such processing, the fuel value of the waste is
greatly enhanced, thereby allowing for a more efficient and cleaner combustion
process with substantially lower residues then ordinary mass-burn incinerators.
The Company developed, and currently owns majority interests in two facilities.
The first facility is an 83.75% owned subsidiary, Maine Energy, a Maine limited
partnership, which is located in Biddeford, Maine. The other facility is a
71.29% owned subsidiary, PERC, a Maine limited partnership, located in
Orrington, Maine. Sources of revenues for the facilities are from fees payable
under waste handling agreements with over 280 municipalities and commercial
waste sources for the right to dispose of MSW at the Company's facilities
("tipping fees") and payments from electrical utilities for electricity sold by
the facilities. A third waste-to-energy facility, Timber Energy, a part of TERI,
located in Telogia, Florida, utilizes biomass waste as its source of fuel to be
combusted for the production of electricity for sale to the local electric
utility. In 1998, the Company, through its purchase of Multitrade, acquired two
additional waste-to-energy facilities in Martinsville, Virginia which utilize
biomass and coal to produce steam. The Company also operates two wood processing
facilities, BioFuels in Lewiston, Maine and Timber Chip, also a part of TERI, in
Cairo, Georgia. The Company's facilities in Maine provide 60% of the long-term
MSW disposal capacity for the State of Maine.
The Company also owns a 60% limited partnership interest in AART, a
limited partnership which operates a permitted municipal waste combustor ("MWC")
ash recycling facility in Nashville, Tennessee (the "Nashville Facility"). This
facility, which commenced operations in 1993, is the first commercially
operational MWC ash recycling facility in the United States.
To solidify its business base in Maine and expand its integrated waste
handling business vertically and geographically, the Company made a number of
strategic acquisitions and financings during 1998:
On January 27, the Company purchased TWM for approximately $1.4 million.
TWM is headquartered in Newington, New Hampshire. TWM is in the business of
emergency response; site remediation; tank cleaning; assessment and removal;
waste oil and waste water recycling; and hazardous and non-hazardous waste
management in the New England area. TWM had revenues of approximately $1.8
million in 1997.
On June 16, the Company acquired the outstanding stock of Multitrade for a
purchase price of approximately $12.3 million. Multitrade owned and operated two
waste-to-energy facilities in Martinsville, Virginia. Multitrade added a third
unit in August. These facilities utilize biomass and coal to produce steam for
sale to industrial users under long-term contracts. Multitrade had revenues of
approximately $6.2 million in 1997. This acquisition is an extension of the
Company's capabilities and is consistent with the Company's strategy to acquire
additional waste disposal facilities in new geographical markets.
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On June 26, the partners in PERC, the Municipal Review Committee, Inc., a
Maine not-for-profit corporation (the "MRC"), which represents 130
municipalities served by PERC (the "Charter Municipalities") and Bangor Hydro
Electric Company ("BHE") completed a significant restructuring of the various
contracts and obligations of PERC. This major restructuring involved the waste
disposal agreements between PERC and the municipalities represented by the MRC,
the power purchase agreement with BHE, and the refinancing of the tax exempt
bonds for PERC (see "Waste-to-Energy - PERC").
On October 28, the Company purchased substantially all the assets of
Russell Stull, Inc., Capitol City Transfer and TWTS, Inc., (collectively,
"Russell Stull"). Russell Stull is a commercial hauler of non-hazardous waste in
the state of Maine which had revenues of approximately $2.5 million in 1997.
This acquisition is the Company's initial hauling operation and is an extension
of its operation at Maine Energy. It will provide the Company additional control
over the flow of MSW into Maine Energy.
On November 13, the Company signed a letter of intent to form a joint
venture with Grace Brothers, Ltd. and SC Fundamental Investments L.P., the
majority bond holders of the Ford Heights, Illinois Waste Tire to Energy
Project, to own and operate this facility. This facility, located in suburban
Chicago, was built in 1996 at a cost of approximately $110 million for the
purpose of combusting waste rubber to produce electricity. The capacity of this
facility is 20 megawatts. Due to amendments to the Illinois Retail Rate Act,
which repealed certain incentives to the facility, it was closed during startup
testing and the owner sought protection under federal bankruptcy laws. On
December 28, the bankruptcy court in Delaware approved the amended Plan of
Reorganization which provided for the Company and the bondholders each to own
50% of the reorganized entity which was renamed New Heights Recovery & Power,
LLC ("New Heights"). The bondholders converted $80 million in bonds and other
claims into equity and KTI committed to investing up to $17 million in equity
while providing working capital, retrofitting and upgrading of the facility.
On November 20, the Company acquired substantially all of the assets of
Recovery Technologies, Inc. ("RTI"), a technology company based in Cambridge,
Ontario, Canada. The purchase price was approximately $2.1 million. In addition,
the Company assumed approximately $2.1 million in debt. RTI produces crumb
rubber from used tires using a proprietary cryogenic technology in a plant in
Ontario. The Ontario plant generated revenues of approximately $1.5 million and
processed 10 million pounds of tires in 1997. In addition to the Ontario plant,
RTI sells turnkey systems in the United States, Canada, Mexico, Japan and
Europe. RTI broadens the Company's waste processing capabilities and provides
technology that can add processing capabilities to the New Heights project.
On December 30, the Company increased its ownership in Maine Energy to
83.75% through the purchase of a 9.6% limited partnership interest for a cost of
approximately $2.4 million. The Company also purchased approximately $6.5
million of the 12% subordinated debt of Maine Energy at par plus accrued
interest. The completion of this transaction is part of the Company's ongoing
strategy to maximize its ownership of the waste-to-energy facilities which it
operates. It also reduced the interest costs for the Company, and increased the
cash flow from Maine Energy.
On December 31, the Company acquired a 35% interest in the Oakhurst
Company, Inc. ("Oakhurst") for approximately $0.9 million. Oakhurst is a public
holding company that owns two businesses which are distributors in the
automotive aftermarket. As part of this transaction, the Company assigned its
interest in New Heights, discussed above, and the Company agreed to license to
Oakhurst the proprietary cryogenic crumb rubber technology of RTI for use in
other projects in the United States. In return, Oakhurst agreed to purchase an
unspecified number of crumb rubber systems and entered into a royalty agreement
with the Company to pay $0.0075 cents per tire processed by Oakhurst using these
crumb rubber systems. Oakhurst also agreed to engage a subsidiary of the Company
to be the operating manager of New Heights and pay this subsidiary of the
Company certain management fees for each facility operated. This investment
provides the Company with additional management expertise to develop the tire
recycling and crumb rubber capabilities.
The Company's current business plan for the Waste-to-Energy segment
includes the following elements: to (i) maximize RDF production and operating
efficiencies at the Company's waste-to-energy facilities, (ii) continue to focus
on lowering expenses of its waste-to-energy facilities by identifying less
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costly means of disposing or recycling of MSW process and ash combustion
residues produced by those plants, (iii) continue utilizing its expanded
specialty waste disposal capabilities (e.g. an increase in the amounts of
specialty waste processed by the Company is planned to offset the effects of the
seasonal nature of the traditional MSW market and the uncertainties of the MSW
spot market, which would increase revenue due to the higher tipping fees that
the Company believes its facilities will be able to charge for processing such
wastes), (iv) continue enhancing the value of its wood-waste processing business
by expanding the utilization of available capacity through the acquisition of
additional materials and expanding the menu of materials processed, (v) recycle
ash produced by waste-to-energy facilities, (vi) expand its waste brokerage
service, (vii) utilize its experience gained in restructuring Maine Energy's
power supply contract, in waste handling and processing, turning around troubled
facilities and operating waste facilities by acquiring an interest in or
assuming operational responsibility for other waste disposal or recycling
facilities in financial or operational distress, (viii) broaden its waste
processing expertise by utilizing proprietary technology to process used tires
and (ix) and improve its control of flows of materials to its waste-to-energy
facilities through the addition of hauling capabilities in areas proximate to
these facilities.
The implementation of parts of the foregoing business plan has only
recently commenced and there can be no assurance that such plan will be
successful.
WASTE-TO-ENERGY TECHNOLOGY
The two MSW waste-to-energy facilities developed by the Company utilize
RDF technology, which emphasizes both materials separation prior to the
combustion of MSW and the production of high quality fuel. In the RDF processes
utilized by the Company, non-combustible materials, such as ferrous metals,
glass, grit and fine organic materials, are separated from MSW, which allows for
recycling of non-combustible material and, in addition, yields a more
homogeneous and efficient fuel for electric power generation, more acceptable
air emissions, and decreased quantities of ash residue from combustion. The use
of supplemental fuels, such as woodchips, tire chips, natural gas and fuel oil,
allows the Company to compensate for seasonal variations or temporary
interruptions in MSW deliveries or temporary fluctuations in the quality of the
RDF used in the power production process. The combustion of RDF either alone or
with supplemental fuels results in superheated steam that is delivered to a
single steam turbine generator in each facility, each of which generates
electricity that is transmitted through interconnection equipment to Central
Maine Power Company ("Central Maine") and BHE, pursuant to power purchase
agreements with Maine Energy and PERC, respectively.
Ash residue is the remaining by-product of the Maine Energy and PERC
facilities' energy generation process. The facilities have disposed, and
currently dispose, of their ash residue at landfills located within the State of
Maine that are licensed by the Maine Department of Environmental Protection
("MDEP"). The Company has acquired the exclusive rights to utilize American Ash
Recycling ("AAR") ash recycling technology in the State of Maine and is seeking
a beneficial reuse permit to recycle its ash residues at its facilities, but
such ash residue is not currently being recycled. There can be no assurance that
the Company will be able to recycle its ash residue. The Company currently
utilizes the AAR technology to recycle ash generated at the Nashville Facility.
FACILITIES
MAINE ENERGY
General
Maine Energy is a limited partnership organized in 1983 for the
purpose of developing and owning a waste-to-energy facility located in
Biddeford, Maine. The Company, through a subsidiary, owns an 83.75% interest as
the sole general partner and one of two limited partners of Maine Energy. The
other limited partner is Energy National, Inc. ("ENI"), an affiliate of NRG
Energy, Inc. ("NRG"), which owns the remaining 16.25% interest in the
partnership.
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The Maine Energy facility occupies an approximately 9.1 acre site
owned by Maine Energy in the City of Biddeford, Maine. The facility provides
waste disposal services to municipalities in central and southern Maine. The
nominal waste disposal capacity of the facility is 245,000 tons per year. The
volume of waste processed at the Maine Energy facility in 1998 was 247,000 tons.
Financing of Maine Energy Facility
The construction of the Maine Energy facility was financed with the
proceeds from the sale of $85 million original principal amount of variable rate
demand resource recovery bonds issued by the City of Biddeford in two offerings
(the "Biddeford Bonds"), which were issued in 1985 and secured by a letter of
credit from a group of banks, and a $22 million equity investment by Maine
Energy's original limited partners, CNA Realty, ENI and Project Capital 1985
("Project Capital"). The partners subsequently made additional investments in
the aggregate amount of $24.7 million in the form of subordinated loans with an
interest rate of 12% per annum, which are payable solely out of distributable
cash flow of Maine Energy. In May 1996, the Biddeford Bonds and the associated
Letter of Credit were retired.
During 1998, the Company acquired approximately $6.5 million
principal amount of the subordinated loans from CNA Realty. Maine Energy also
retired approximately $3.1 million of subordinated loans during 1998. The
balance of the subordinated loans due to the Company and ENI at December 31,
1998 was approximately $12.9 million. While the Company believes that
distributable cash flow from the facility's operations will be adequate to cover
future annual interest requirements on the subordinated loans, there can be no
assurance that this will occur.
Management and Fees
A subsidiary of the Company, KTI Environmental Group, Inc., is the
sole general partner and manager and has control of the day-to-day business of
Maine Energy. Under the terms and conditions of an operation and maintenance
agreement with Maine Energy, a subsidiary of the Company, KTI Operations, Inc.
("Operations"), also administers, operates and maintains the Maine Energy
facility and is paid an amount equal to the actual operating costs of the Maine
Energy facility plus a monthly fixed fee, currently set at approximately $44,000
and subject to an inflationary adjustment annually.
Power Purchase Agreement
The electricity produced by the Maine Energy facility is sold to
Central Maine pursuant to the power purchase agreement (the "Central Maine PPA")
with Central Maine. Central Maine serves more than 490,000 customers in an
11,000 square mile service area in central and southern Maine and purchases
substantial amounts of power from Canadian utilities as well as independent
power producers such as Maine Energy. In 1998, Maine Energy derived
approximately $12.0 million, or 48.1% of its revenues, from the sale of
electricity to Central Maine.
In May 1996, Maine Energy restructured its agreement with Central
Maine by entering into a series of agreements (the "1996 Agreements") with CL
Power Sales One, L.L.C. ("CL One") and Central Maine, which provided for the
purchase of Maine Energy's available power generation capacity by CL One, and by
amending the Central Maine PPA (together with the 1996 Agreements, the
"Agreements"). CL One made an initial payment of $85 million and agreed to make
additional quarterly payments through May 31, 2007 to Maine Energy as a portion
of the purchase price and for reimbursement to Maine Energy of certain expenses.
In consideration of its payments to Maine Energy, CL One was assigned all rights
to capacity from the Maine Energy facility through May 31, 2007. In the
restructuring, the term of the Central Maine PPA was extended from May 31, 2007
to December 31, 2012. Pursuant to the Agreements, Maine Energy has agreed to
sell energy to Central Maine through May 31, 2007 at an initial rate of 7.18
cents per kilowatt-hour ("kWh") which escalates annually by 2%. Beginning June
1, 2007 until the expiration date of the Central Maine PPA, Maine Energy is to
be paid market value for both its energy and capacity by Central Maine.
Under the terms of the Central Maine restructuring, a $45.0 million
letter of credit was issued to Central Maine by ING (US) Capital Corporation
("ING"). If, in any year, Maine Energy fails to
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produce 100,000,000 kWh of electricity (a "100,000,000 kWh test") and Maine
Energy does not have a force majeure defense (such as physical damage to the
plant and other similar events), Maine Energy will be obligated to pay
approximately $3.8 million to Central Maine as liquidated damages. Such payment
obligation is secured by the ING letter of credit. In each year in which
100,000,000 kWh is produced, the balance of the ING letter of credit is to be
reduced by approximately $3.8 million. If, in any year, Maine Energy fails to
produce 15,000,000 kWh of electricity (a "15,000,000 kWh test") and Maine Energy
does not have a force majeure defense, Maine Energy is obligated to pay the then
balance of the ING letter of credit to Central Maine as liquidated damages. In
1998, the 15,000,000 kWh test was met in February and the 100,000,000 kWh test
was met in August, resulting in a reduction of the amount of the ING letter of
credit by approximately $3.8 million. With respect to 1999, the 15,000,000 kWh
test was met in February, although past performance is no indication of future
performance.
Management of the Company restructured its relationship with Central
Maine because it believes that the Agreements, which reduced the outstanding
indebtedness of Maine Energy, should allow the Company, upon refinancing or
repayment of the reduced subordinated debt, access to Maine Energy's available
cash flow. The restructured Central Maine PPA allows Maine Energy to be more
competitive when electric utility deregulation legislation passed during 1997 by
the State of Maine becomes effective in the year 2000. The foregoing estimate of
increases in cash flow and competitive advantage, however, are forward-looking
statements that are subject to certain risks and uncertainties that could cause
actual results to differ materially from those set forth herein due to, among
other factors, (i) failure to achieve the levels of power production projected
by the Company or (ii) levels of expenses greater than those projected by the
Company, and, accordingly, there can be no assurance that the Company will
experience such an increase in cash flow and competitive advantage as a result
of such transactions.
Long-Term Waste Handling Agreements
Approximately 28% of the MSW provided to Maine Energy is delivered
pursuant to waste handling agreements with eighteen (18) municipalities with
terms expiring on June 30, 2007 or later. The agreements are substantially
similar in content except that (i) the sixteen (16) "charter" municipalities are
entitled to various concessions as a result of having participated in the
financial restructuring of Maine Energy in 1991, and (ii) the two "host"
municipalities of Biddeford and Saco (both of which are charter municipalities)
pay tipping fees in the amount of one-half of those paid by the other charter
municipalities. The municipalities currently pay tipping fees to Maine Energy
for the disposal of MSW ranging as of December 31, 1998 from $20.87 per ton, in
the case of the two host municipalities of Biddeford and Saco, to $41.75 per
ton, which are subject to adjustment. The annual tipping fees charged to the
municipalities are increased (but not decreased) each year for inflation and any
increases in variable "pass through" costs, such as interest costs and disposal
fees for residues. The municipalities are also responsible for costs associated
with changes in law. Approximately 10.7% of Maine Energy's total revenue in 1998
was attributable to these long-term waste handling agreements.
Under the Maine Energy long-term waste handling agreements, each
municipality agrees to deliver acceptable waste to the Maine Energy facility in
an amount equal to its "Guaranteed Annual Tonnage." Maine Energy is required to
accept up to 110% of each municipality's Guaranteed Annual Tonnage. A
municipality is required to pay to Maine Energy the tipping fee for the amount
of any shortfall from its Guaranteed Annual Tonnage. As a corollary to the
"put-or-pay" delivery guarantee, each municipality enacted a flow control
ordinance pursuant to Maine law which designates the Maine Energy facility as
the exclusive disposal or reclamation facility to which all acceptable waste
generated within the municipality must be delivered regardless of which entity
picks up waste in such municipality. See "Governmental Regulations -- Flow
Control." Each municipality has the right, once a year, to terminate its
long-term waste handling agreement on one year's prior notice. The Company does
not believe that currently there is a material risk that the municipalities
would exercise their respective rights to terminate their agreements, as the
Company does not believe that there are currently any less costly alternative
long-term means of MSW disposal available in Maine Energy's market area.
The Company has short-term MSW disposal contracts with additional
municipalities with terms expiring in 1999 through 2002 that provide Maine
Energy with approximately 59,660 tons per year of
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MSW, and short-term contracts principally with one to three year terms with
commercial and private waste haulers that provide approximately 89,795 tons per
year of MSW to Maine Energy. The balance of Maine Energy's capacity is utilized
by spot market MSW and specialty wastes.
Bypass and Residue Disposal
The processing of MSW at the Maine Energy facility generates
materials such as non-combustible material removed from the front-end processing
of MSW ("front-end process residue") and ash residue resulting from the RDF
combustion process. These materials are disposed of by licensed third parties
under long-term agreements. Maine Energy is also required, in the event of a
shutdown of the Maine Energy facility, to dispose of MSW received by Maine
Energy by delivering such MSW to PERC or to third party waste disposal
facilities.
PERC
General
PERC is a limited partnership organized in 1983 for the purpose of
developing and owning a waste-to-energy facility located in Orrington, Maine. A
subsidiary of the Company, PERC Management Company ("PMC") owns a 71.29% general
and limited partnership interest in PERC. The other partner of PERC is ENI,
which has both a general and limited partnership interest representing an
aggregate 28.71% ownership percentage.
The PERC facility occupies an approximately 40.3 acre site owned by
PERC in the town of Orrington. The facility provides waste disposal services to
230 municipalities in Penobscot, Hancock, Waldo, Piscataquis, Somerset, Knox,
Kennebec, Lincoln and Aroostook Counties, Maine. The nominal waste disposal
capacity of the facility is 325,000 tons per year. The PERC facility processed
286,210 tons of MSW in 1998.
Management and Fees
ENI and PMC are both general partners of PERC. ENI and PMC each have
one representative on a management committee, which is generally given full
authority and discretion with respect to PERC's business, except as delegated to
PMC, the managing general partner. However, certain matters acted upon by the
management committee, such as the addition of new partners or the transfer of
partnership interests and the approval of the terms and conditions of any
contract pursuant to which PERC would expend or receive $100,000 or more in any
year, must be presented to the general partners for approval or rejection.
Primary day-to-day responsibility for operating the PERC facility
has been contracted to ESOCO Orrington, Inc. ("ESOCO"), a subsidiary of ENI,
pursuant to an operating and maintenance agreement. The term of the agreement is
for five years, with renewals for successive five year terms.
PMC also earns an annual management fee from PERC. The base amount
of the fee was set in the PERC partnership agreement subject to annual
adjustments on the basis of the U.S. Consumer Price Index Urban Annual
Percentage change as published by the U.S. Department of Labor-Bureau of Labor
Statistics from year to year (the "Consumer Price Index") and was approximately
$0.4 million for the year ended December 31, 1998. Payment of the accrued
management fees currently are restricted by the terms of the PERC partnership
agreement to the extent of 10% of cash flow otherwise distributable to equity
owners. The Company also receives an annual co-operator's fee which was
approximately $0.1 million for the year ended December 31, 1998.
In 1998, the Company was entitled to receive approximately $2.8
million as a result of PERC's operations during 1997, approximately $1.1 million
of which was paid to ENI in repayment of contributions to PERC made by ENI on
behalf of the Company. As of December 31, 1998, there was no balance due to ENI.
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The Power Purchase Agreement
The electricity produced by the PERC facility is sold to BHE
pursuant to a power purchase agreement with Bangor Hydro (the "Bangor Hydro
PPA"). BHE serves approximately 97,000 customers in a 4,900 square mile service
area in portions of the counties of Penobscot, Hancock, Washington, Waldo,
Piscataquis and Aroostook, Maine. In 1998, PERC derived approximately $18.4
million or 57.1% of its revenues, from the sale of electricity to BHE, exclusive
of the restructuring discussed below.
On June 26, the Bangor Hydro PPA was restructured. Under the terms
of the new power purchase agreement (the "Restructured PPA"), BHE agreed to
purchase all the electricity generated by the PERC facility up to 25 megawatts
(the practical limit of the facility's equipment) through 2018. Under the
revised agreement, PERC is required to deliver at least 105,000,000 kWh to BHE
in any calendar year. In the event PERC fails to deliver this output, PERC is
obligated to pay BHE $4,000 for each 1,000,000 kWh by which such deliveries fall
below 105,000,000 kWh. Although future performance cannot be guaranteed by past
results, PERC has never failed to meet this delivery obligation. The
profitability of PERC is heavily dependent on the Restructured PPA.
In connection with this restructuring, PERC refinanced its existing
tax-exempt debt which matured in 2004 with an adjustable rate tax-exempt
security with an extended maturity of 20 years. The refinancing was completed
through the sale of $45.0 million in Electric Rate Stabilization Revenue
Refunding bonds issued by the Finance Authority of Maine ("FAME"). The yield on
the bonds ranges from 3.75% for 1-year term bonds to 5.20% for 20-year term
notes. The FAME bonds are backed by the moral obligations of the State of Maine
and the refinanced bonds are secured by substantially all the assets of the PERC
project, a guaranty of $3.0 million from the Company and a guaranty of up to
$4.2 million of annual debt service by BHE.
In connection with this restructuring, BHE made a one time payment
of $6.0 million to PERC at the time of the closing of the refinancing of the
existing tax-exempt debt, agreed to make additional quarterly payments of
$250,000 per quarter for four years, for an additional total of $4.0 million,
and issued warrants for two million shares of BHE common stock which were
divided equally between the MRC on behalf of its member municipalities and the
PERC partners. The exercise price of such warrants is $7.00 per share and the
warrants will expire 10 years after issuance. The warrants are exercisable over
a 4-year period. The estimated fair market value of these warrants at June 26,
1998 was $5.35 per warrant and the Company's portion, was approximately $3.8
million. In exchange for such consideration, BHE is entitled, assuming
performance of all of its obligations under the Restructured PPA, to receive a
rebate of a portion of its purchase price of electric power from PERC. Such
rebate is known as a "Performance Credit", and is equal to one third of the cash
available for distribution, as defined in the agreement, from PERC.
The Waste Disposal Agreements with municipalities were amended in
connection with the restructuring. The amendments permit the Charter
Municipalities to: (a) make equity contributions to PERC, only and to the extent
of the MRC's share of distributable cash from PERC (See "PERC - Long Term Waste
Handling Agreements") and one-half of the BHE quarterly payment, of up to $31.0
million, which will be used to prepay the FAME bonds outstanding, (if all $31.0
million is contributed the municipalities will own a 50% partnership interest in
PERC); (b) purchase all of the remaining PERC interests in 2018 at the then fair
market value, in lieu of the existing right to purchase PERC at its then book
value in 2004; (c) extend the term of the Waste Disposal Agreements to 2018 and
also reduced cash available for distribution to the Charter Municipalities for
their portion of the Performance Credit to one third from one half.
Long-Term Waste Handling Agreements.
As of December 31, 1998, PERC had in place 130 long-term waste
handling agreements, of which 85 cover approximately 200 Charter Municipalities
with terms expiring on March 31, 2018, unless sooner terminated, and all of
which are substantially similar in content. The agreements provide PERC with
approximately 195,000 tons per year of MSW. In addition, PERC receives
approximately 18,000 tons per year of MSW from municipalities with whom PERC has
short-term waste handling agreements, 20,000 tons per year from commercial
haulers and 30,000 tons per year from the spot market. As of December 31, 1998,
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the municipalities under the PERC long-term waste handling agreements pay an
average tipping fee of $54.72 per ton to PERC for the disposal of their waste.
Total waste processing revenues of PERC in 1998 were approximately $13.7 million
of which approximately 42.9% is attributable to MSW received from Charter
Municipalities.
The PERC long-term waste handling agreements with the Charter
Municipalities are substantially similar to the Maine Energy long-term waste
handling agreements, including the inclusion of "Guaranteed Annual Tonnages" and
"put-or-pay" provisions and a variable tipping fee for "pass through" and change
in law costs. The Performance Credit received by each Charter Municipality may
be used to reduce future tipping fee payments at the option of the Charter
Municipalities in lieu of cash payment.
The amended waste disposal agreements provide that the Charter
Municipalities, BHE, and partners in PERC would each receive one-third of PERC's
cash flows, as defined. Prior to this amendment, the municipalities received
one-half PERC's distributable cash, as defined. Based on PERC's cash flow, as
defined, distributable cash of approximately $4.6 million and $1.1 million was
payable for 1998 and 1997, respectively. Of these amounts, approximately $0.4
million and $1.1 million remained unpaid as of December 31, 1998 and 1997,
respectively, and was included in accrued expenses.
On one year's notice, a PERC Charter Municipality may terminate its
long-term waste handling agreement as of March 31, 2000 or March 31, 2002. If,
as a result of such termination notices received from Charter Municipalities,
the aggregate Guaranteed Annual Tonnage of non-terminating municipalities would
fall below 180,000 tons, PERC may elect to terminate all waste handling
agreements with Charter Municipalities. Currently no charter municipality has
given any termination notice for March 31, 2000.
TIMBER ENERGY INVESTMENTS, INC.
General
TERI is a Texas corporation organized in July 1984 for the purpose
of constructing and operating bio-mass waste power plants. TERI owns and
operates a facility located on a 97 acre site in Telogia, Florida, which
commenced operations in 1988 (the "Telogia Facility"). The Telogia Facility is
fueled with biomass wastes. In addition, TERI owns and operates a wood chip mill
located in Cairo, Georgia (the "Cairo Facility").
TERI TELOGIA FACILITY
Power Purchase Agreement
Electricity generated by the Telogia Facility is sold to Florida
Power Corporation ("Florida Power") under the Florida Power PPA. Florida Power
serves more than 1.3 million customers in a 20,000 square mile service area in
central and northern Florida. During 1998, approximately 81.6% of the Telogia
Facility's revenue was derived from the sale of electricity to Florida Power,
with the majority of the remainder in the form of tipping fees paid by third
parties. Under the terms of the Florida Power PPA, Florida Power has agreed to
purchase all of the energy generated by the Telogia Facility, net of energy
consumed by the Facility. The contract rate paid by Florida Power is composed of
a monthly capacity fee of approximately $0.3 million plus a short-term energy
only rate ("STEO") for each kWh delivered. STEO rates ranged from 1.8 cents to
1.9 cents per kWh during 1998. To earn the monthly capacity charge the Telogia
Facility must produce power at a rolling 12-month capacity factor of 70%. The
Telogia Facility had an 87% capacity factor for 1998. The Telogia Facility has
never failed to meet this delivery obligation, although past performance is no
indication of future results.
Biomass Waste Supply
In 1991, to further improve the supply and lower the cost of fuel
for the Telogia Facility, TERI constructed a waste paper densification line at
the Telogia site. This line produces a densified fuel pellet
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from incoming feedstock, which has better burning characteristics than the
undensified material. The Company improved this processing line during the
renovation of the plant in 1997. The Telogia Facility is continually expanding
its menu of biomass waste products that it can process and ultimately dispose of
through combustion. Currently the Facility receives waxed corrugated,
non-recyclable paper, construction and demolition wood wastes, residues from the
wood processing industry and waste plastics. The Company is looking to further
expand the menu of biomass waste products processed. The Company's objective is
to convert this paid-for fuel into tipping fee based material, improving the
overall economics of the Facility. In 1998, the Telogia Facility's net cost of
fuel, including transportation, was approximately $0.7 million. The tipping fee
material is principally generated under short term contracts and the spot
market. During 1998, the Telogia Facility processed approximately 132,000 tons
of wood waste and 26,000 tons of waste paper.
TERI CAIRO FACILITY
The Cairo Facility is a 400,000 tons per year wood chip mill and was
constructed in 1988 to produce wood chips for Stone Container Corp. ("Stone
Container") and incidentally to provide an additional source for a continuing,
dependable and economical fuel supply for the Telogia Facility. The Cairo
Facility commenced operations in December 1989. Pulpwood is processed for Stone
under a "process or pay" contract. The contract requires Stone to pay $3.40 per
ton for up to 240,000 tons per year and $3.00 per ton for all tons processed
over 240,000 tons per year. Bark trimmings from the Cairo Facility could provide
up to 20% of the fuel requirement for the Telogia Facility. During 1998, the
Cairo Facility processed approximately 265,740 tons of virgin wood, which
represented approximately 66.4% of its single shift annual capacity, and
produced approximately 223,000 tons of wood chips and approximately 35,000 tons
of bark trimmings. During 1998, the Company began to market the bark produced to
mulch processors. As the Telogia Facility eliminates its need for the Cairo
Facility's bark by replacing purchased biomass fuel with tipping fee material,
the Company will increase its marketing activities of the bark for alternative
uses.
OTHER OPERATIONS
The Waste-to-Energy segment is also engaged in other waste management and
processing activities including commercial hauling, non-hazardous waste
management, ash recycling and tire recycling. These activities are complementary
extensions of the waste-to-energy facilities which enable the Company to provide
a wider range of services to customers and provide strategic opportunities for
future growth through vertical integration.
During January, 1999, the Company completed the acquisition of AFA Group,
Inc. and subsidiaries, an integrated wood waste processing and hauling business
in Newark, New Jersey.
MARKETING
The Company's marketing services have expanded from its historical focus,
which had been contract acquisition for biomass, municipal solid and specialty
waste materials supply to the Maine Energy facility, the Telogia and Cairo
facilities and the PERC facility. The Company currently is soliciting waste
handling agreements for the Maine Energy facility from municipalities and
commercial waste generators in Maine and in nearby areas such as northern
Massachusetts and southern New Hampshire. The Company continues to be
responsible for marketing responsibilities at PERC due to its increased
ownership under which the Company will attempt to fill the approximately 50,000
tons of annual capacity of PERC currently being utilized by combusting
supplemental fuels. The Company intends to utilize the spot market for MSW to
fill the available capacity at PERC.
Disposal of oil soaked wastes, industrial wastes, out-dated
pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and other commercial wastes, known generally as
"specialty wastes," is another large potential market for the Company. The MDEP
has granted a permit to Maine Energy that allows the Maine Energy facility to
accept a broad variety of specialty wastes for disposal by combustion. The
Company believes that tipping fees on specialty wastes are substantially higher
per ton than MSW delivered on a spot market basis and therefore provides an
opportunity for improved operating margins on Maine Energy's available capacity.
There can be no assurance that improved operating margins will result from
tipping fees on specialty wastes, or if so, to what extent.
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The Company markets its specialty waste capacity through retail brokers
who sign contracts with Specialty Waste and through TWM. The operations provide
services on a retail basis to municipal, commercial and industrial customers to
dispose of certain solid and liquid wastes in the New England Region,
concentrating on: (a) premium priced unusual or difficult to dispose of wastes;
(b) in and out of jurisdiction municipal solid waste; and (c) construction and
demolition waste, including treated and untreated wood waste. The Company's
specialty waste operations have entered into agreements with Maine Energy to
dispose of acceptable material at Maine Energy's Biddeford facility for a term
of five years which may be extended for an additional five year period at set
tipping fees, adjusted annually for changes in the consumer price index.
The Telogia Facility historically marketed its biomass waste capacity to
brokers of waste materials resulting from the chipping of pulpwood. The Telogia
Facility has been receiving the biomass waste (bark mulch and wood fines) from
the Cairo Facility. Due to the requirements of transporting the material
approximately 60 miles to the Telogia Facility from the Cairo Facility, this
fuel supply actually costs the power plant approximately $5.40 per ton.
With the acquisition of Russell Stull the waste-to-energy segment began
providing solid waste collection services to municipal and commercial customers.
This operation disposes of the majority of the solid waste it collects at Maine
Energy's facility.
CUSTOMERS
Maine Energy, TERI and PERC are contractually obliged to sell all of the
electricity generated at their facilities to Central Maine, Florida Power and
BHE, respectively. The loss of these electricity customers would have a material
adverse affect on the business and financial condition of the Company.
COMPETITION
The Company faces significant competition in each of its waste handling
markets. Maine Energy and PERC compete with landfills and several
waste-to-energy facilities and municipal incinerators in Maine and the New
England region. However, the volume of MSW produced in the New England region
has historically increased and the Company believes that it is likely to
continue to increase, while the availability of landfills for waste disposal is
likely to continue to decline. Even though the implementation of recycling
programs to reduce MSW has increased, the Company believes that there are limits
on the percentage of MSW that ultimately can be recycled and that alternatives
for disposal of MSW will continue to be needed. In addition, the Company has
begun to focus on the industrial waste market as an ancillary source of waste
for the Maine Energy and PERC facilities and as a means of reducing its reliance
upon the MSW market. Specifically, Specialty Waste is acquiring specialty waste
products for these facilities.
The Company believes that the RDF technology employed by the Maine Energy
and PERC facilities compares favorably with the mass-burn technology utilized by
many other waste-to-energy facilities. In RDF systems, MSW is preprocessed to
remove various non-combustible items which are recycled or landfilled. This
results in a significantly reduced volume of ash residue, thereby lowering
ultimate disposal costs, and is also complementary to current recycling
programs.
The Telogia Facility competes for biomass fuel supply with paper companies
which employ on-site power generation. As the Company moves toward tipping fee
based waste fuels, this facility's dependence on the current fuel supply will be
decreased. The Telogia Facility is permitted to combust 100% of such tipping fee
based fuels. Competition for tipping fee based material will come principally
from landfills whose cost structure is greater than that of the Telogia
Facility. Local landfill costs for biomass waste products range from $26 to $32
per ton, while the cost of processing the material ranges from $7 to $9 per ton
at the Telogia Facility.
RAW MATERIALS
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The raw material demands of the PERC facility currently are met mainly by
PERC's long-term waste handling agreements with approximately 200 municipalities
in Maine. PERC received approximately 75% of its raw materials in 1998 from
these municipalities. Maine Energy received 28% of its raw materials in 1998
from 18 Maine municipalities under long-term waste handling agreements and the
majority of the balance from commercial and private waste haulers and
municipalities with short-term contracts. Maine Energy and PERC are currently
exploring other waste material opportunities in order to lessen their reliance
on the MSW spot market, including pursuing agreements with commercial waste
generators and entering new specialty waste markets. The Company believes that
diversifying its raw materials base could be an important factor in gaining
stability in the Company's waste material requirements if the MSW market
declines due to recycling or other factors. The Company currently has not
experienced a decline in the amounts of MSW raw material that it obtains from
its current market areas. Because of its attractive tipping fees in recent
years, Maine Energy has consistently received and processed waste at its nominal
capacity.
The Telogia Facility utilizes biomass fuels which are a by-product of the
paper pulp woodchip industry as its raw material. The Company plans to
supplement and ultimately replace this raw material with tipping fee based
biomass waste, such as construction and demolition debris and non-recyclable
paper products.
SEASONALITY
The MSW market in Maine Energy's and PERC's market areas is seasonal, with
one-third more MSW generated in the summer months than is generated during the
rest of the year. Maine Energy and PERC rely on the spot MSW market and waste
from commercial sources as needed to meet their waste material needs over that
delivered pursuant to agreements with municipalities, and charge tipping fees
based on prevailing prices in their respective market areas. The Company
believes that its planned diversification of the waste material used by the
Maine Energy and PERC facilities, such as combusting specialty waste products,
will lessen any seasonality supply problems experienced by the facilities.
EMPLOYEES
As of December 31, 1998, the Waste-to-Energy segment had a total of 255
full time employees. The employees of the PERC facility and the Nashville
facility are not Company employees. None of the employees in the Waste-to-Energy
segment are covered by collective bargaining agreements and management considers
its employer relations to be good.
RESIDENTIAL RECYCLING SEGMENT
The Residential Recycling segment consists of seventeen facilities which
process and market recyclable materials under long-term contracts with
municipalities and commercial customers. The recyclable materials consist
principally of old newspapers ("ONP"), old corrugated containers ("OCC"), mixed
paper ("MP") and commingled bottles and cans which consist of steel, aluminum,
plastic and glass. All the facilities, except one in Greensboro, North Carolina
("GBO Facility") process the paper and the commingled bottles and cans on two
separate processing lines. The various grades of paper are processed on a
sorting line which separates the various types of paper through the use of
mechanical and manual techniques at various picking stations. The process also
eliminates non-recyclable materials. The recyclable paper materials recovered by
this process are baled and shipped primarily to domestic paper mills or to the
Company's Finished Products segment.
The commingled bottles and cans are processed on a separate processing
line. The material is separated using both mechanical methods, such as
air-classifiers to separate glass from other materials, eddy current separators
for aluminum and magnets for ferrous materials, and manual labor. The recovered
materials are separated by type and/or color, then baled in the case of
plastics, ferrous metals, and aluminum or crushed in the case of glass. The
recovered materials are sold to manufacturers or to the Company's Finished
Products segment for use in the production of intermediate and finished
products. Any non-recyclable material is disposed using third party waste
haulers.
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The GBO Facility receives materials in a single stream. Thus, only one
processing line is used to separate the material. This facility relies more
heavily on manual sorting than the other facilities. However, the products
produced and the method of delivery to customers is essentially the same as at
other facilities.
ACQUISITION OF FCR
On August 28, 1998, the Company acquired the stock of FCR. FCR is a
diversified recycling company, headquartered in Charlotte, North Carolina that
provides residential and commercial recycling, processing and marketing services
and manufactures finished products, such as cellulose insulation, using
recyclable materials. FCR owns and operates seventeen material recycling
facilities ("MRF"), six cellulose insulation manufacturing ("Insulation")
facilities and three plastic reprocessing ("Plastic") facilities located in 12
states. The MRF's are included in the Residential Recycling segment while the
Insulation and Plastic facilities are in the Finished Products segment. The
aggregate purchase price of approximately $63.6 million consisted of (i)
1,714,285 shares of the Company's common stock valued at $18.96 per share (based
on the closing price of the common stock at the date of announcement) and (ii)
approximately $31.1 million in cash.
LONG TERM CONTRACTS WITH MUNICIPALITIES
Approximately 74.2% of the material provided to the Residential Recycling
segment is delivered pursuant to long-term contracts with municipal customers.
The contracts generally have a term of five to ten years and these contracts
expire at various times between 1999 and 2018. The terms of each of the
contracts vary but all the contracts provide that the municipality or a third
party deliver materials to the Company's facility. In approximately 41% of the
contracts, the municipalities agree to deliver a guaranteed tonnage and the
municipality pays a fee for the amount of any shortfall from the guaranteed
tonnage. Under the terms of the individual contracts, the Company pays or
charges the municipality a fee for each ton of material delivered. In 1998,
these fees ranged from charging the municipality $35 per ton to the Company
paying a municipality $50 per ton. Some contracts contain "revenue sharing
arrangements" under which the Company pays the municipality a specified
percentage of the revenue from the sale of the recovered materials.
LONG-TERM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS
The Residential Recycling segment derives approximately 64% of its
revenues from the sale of recyclable materials. The resale and purchase prices
of the recyclable materials, particularly ONP, OCC, plastic, ferrous and
aluminum metals, can fluctuate based upon market conditions. The Company
utilizes long-term supply contracts with customers with floor price arrangements
to minimize the commodity risk for certain recyclables, particularly ONP and
aluminum metals. Under such contracts, the Company obtains a guaranteed minimum
price ("floor price") for the recyclable materials along with a commitment to
receive additional amounts if the current market price rises above the floor
price. The contracts are generally with large domestic companies which utilize
the recyclable materials in their manufacturing process. In 1998, 66% of the
revenues from the sale of recyclable materials of the Residential Recycling
segment were derived from sales under these long-term contracts.
MARKETING
The Residential Recycling segment has a coordinated marketing strategy for
monitoring the status of municipal contracts throughout the country. The
Director of Business Development is responsible for maintaining a national
database of all municipal contracts. This database tracks the status of the
current contracts and enables the Company to prepare a specific marketing plan
as each contract approaches its expiration date. The Director of Business
Development is assisted by the Residential Recycling Division President, and
regional managers assist with specific municipalities within their service area.
The Company also maintains periodic contacts with the appropriate employees of
the municipalities to ensure that the Company is part of the bidding process.
The Residential Recycling segment also has regional sales personnel who obtain
spot tonnage for the segment by marketing to municipal and commercial haulers.
COMPETITION
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The residential recycling industry is highly competitive and requires
substantial capital resources and prior experience to bid on municipal
contracts. Competition is both national and regional in nature. Certain of the
markets in which the Company competes are served by one or more of the large
national solid waste companies such as Waste Management, BFI, Allied Waste and
Republic Services, as well as numerous regional and local competitors which
offer competitive prices and quality service.
CUSTOMERS
The Residential Recycling segment provides recycling services to
municipal, commercial and solid waste collection customers within the geographic
proximity of the respective facilities.
RAW MATERIALS
The Residential Recycling segment received 74.2% of its material under
long-term agreements. These contracts generally provide that all recyclables
collected from the municipal recycling programs be delivered to the facility
which is owned or operated by FCR. The quantity of material delivered by these
communities is dependent on the participation of individual households in the
recycling program.
SEASONALITY
The Residential Recycling segment experiences increased volumes of ONP in
November and December due to increased newspaper advertising and retail activity
during the holiday season. Additionally, the facilities located in Florida
experienced increased volumes of recyclable materials during the winter months
followed by decreases in the summer months in connection with seasonal changes
in population.
EMPLOYEES
As of December 31, 1998, the Residential Recycling segment had a total of
522 full-time employees. None of the Residential Recycling segment's employees
are covered by collective bargaining agreements and the Company considers its
employee relations to be good.
COMMERCIAL RECYCLING SEGMENT
The Commercial Recycling segment consists of the operations of Zaitlin
(acquired August 1997), the Chicago Facility, the Newark Facility, and the
Charlestown Facility (all acquired November 1997), NJ Fibers, which consists of
the operations of Gaccione and Atlantic Coast (acquired August 1998) and the
brokerage activities of K-C in Portland, Oregon and Lakewood, New Jersey
(acquired September 1997). The operations process and market paper fibers
obtained from commercial customers and broker paper fibers for the Company's
processing facilities and external customers.
FORMATION OF NJ FIBERS
As part of the formation of NJ Fibers, on August 24, the Company acquired
Atlantic Coast and Gaccione. Atlantic Coast operates a high-grade paper
processing plant in Passaic, New Jersey. Payment of the purchase price for
Atlantic Coast of approximately $9.7 million consisted of (i) 123,532 shares of
the Company's common stock valued at $20.29 per share (based on the closing
price of the common stock on the date of the announcement) (ii) approximately
$7.0 million in cash and (iii) warrants to purchase 20,000 shares of common
stock valued at approximately $0.2 million at the date of acquisition. Gaccione
operated a high-grade paper processing facility in Clifton, New Jersey. Payment
of the purchase price of approximately $7.0 million consisted of (i)
approximately $5.9 million in cash and (ii) a 7% interest bearing promissory
note in the principal amount of approximately $1.1 million with monthly
principal and interest payments through February 2001.
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Under the terms of the respective acquisition agreements, the Company
agreed to a payment of an additional purchase price for Atlantic Cost and
Gaccione of 150,000 shares of the Company's common stock in September 1998.
The Gaccione plant in Clifton, New Jersey closed and the operations have
been transferred to the Atlantic Coast facility in Passaic, New Jersey. NJ
Fibers primarily processes and sells paper fibers that are purchased from
municipal and commercial accounts. The paper fibers consist of pre and
post-consumer high-grade paper and post-consumer low-grade paper such as ONP and
OCC. The pre-consumer paper consists of various grades of paper fibers obtained
from commercial printing and document publishing houses. The post-consumer paper
consists of office paper obtained from office buildings, commercial haulers and
other commercial customers. NJ Fibers processes over 130,000 tons of recyclable
material on an annual basis.
Incoming material is processed using several different methods depending
on the quality of the materials delivered. Mixed paper is processed on a
mechanical sorting line, where contaminants are manually removed and
higher-value items are extracted for upgrading and separate baling. Paper fibers
that have been presorted by customers are inspected on the processing floor,
where contaminants are removed prior to being baled. NJ Fibers also purchases
baled materials from commercial customers. The baled paper is shipped by truck
and rail to domestic and international paper mills.
NJ Fibers also brokers paper fibers for customers. The brokered material
is generally shipped by the customer to the paper mill and NJ Fibers earns a
specified amount per ton for marketing the material. The NJ Fibers brokerage
business was consolidated with the K-C brokerage business during 1998.
CHARLESTOWN FACILITY
The Charlestown Facility consists of two buildings leased from two
separate landlords. One building, the residential building, is used to process
residential or post consumer recyclables and the other building, the commercial
building is used to process commercial recyclables such as high grade paper from
printers. The residential building receives ONP, OCC and commingled bottles and
cans. These materials are processed on a series of processing lines which
separate various grades of paper and OCC through the use of mechanical processes
and labor at various picking stations. The resulting processed ONP and OCC is
baled and shipped to domestic and international paper mills. The commingled
bottles and cans are processed on a separate set of processing lines in the
residential building. These products are sold to manufacturers for use as raw
material in the production of intermediate and finished products.
The Company has entered into a series of variable rate tipping contracts
with municipalities in the Boston area pursuant to which, the residential
building of the Charlestown Facility receives ONP, OCC and commingled bottles
and can from several commercial haulers and local municipalities, including the
City of Boston and numerous surrounding municipalities.
The Charlestown commercial building processes high grade paper in order to
separate the incoming material into several grades ranging from direct pulp
substitutes to deinking grades, such as sorted office paper, print shop waste
and sorted white ledger. In addition, the facility handles overissue newsprint
and OCC, both of which are purchased from large commercial generators or from
commercial haulers.
Incoming material is run over a sorting line, where contaminants are
removed and higher value items are extracted for upgrading and separate baling.
Thus, different grades of secondary fiber are produced to meet the demands of
specific paper mills, and higher values are obtained. The graded paper is baled
and shipped to domestic and international paper mills.
NEWARK FACILITY
The Newark Facility consists of three processing buildings, a small
separate office building, and a separate scalehouse, all located within an
industrial park. These facilities process ONP and OCC, post-
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consumer office waste, as well as pre-consumer papers from printers and document
publishing houses and either post-consumer or pre-consumer paper, and a
transloading site for commingled materials.
A substantial portion of the ONP received at the Newark Facility currently
comes from other recyclers as opposed to directly from municipalities. OCC
principally comes from commercial haulers. A third source of material is another
recycling firm located nearby, which pays the Newark Facility a fixed fee per
ton to have its material processed and baled at the Company's facility.
One of the buildings has two parallel sorting lines which are designed to
handle office waste and other mixed grades coming from commercial
establishments. The first sorting line accepts "dirty" office mixes which may
contain glass, cans, and other non-fiber material. The material is first passed
over a screening device which allows all small particles and objects to fall
through, while all the paper is carried over onto a sort line. Employees then
remove the corrugated and other mixed paper, leaving the higher quality office
papers for baling at the end. The second office paper line is designed for clean
office mixes with no cans, glass, grit or dirt. On this line, employees then
separate high grades such as computer paper and clean white ledger. The
remaining material is collected after processing to be sold as mixed office
paper. A section of the second building is also used both to cut books received
from printers to extract the high quality paper inside and also to segregate and
store other high quality pre-consumer papers from printers.
Another building has a sort line and several work areas which can be used
for either low grade or high grade paper as well as a tipping area for
commingled materials. The facility currently does not process commingled
material. The building is used to transfer this material to larger trucks for
shipment to the ultimate processing location.
Almost all ONP and OCC pricing is determined each month based on local
end-market prices. The marketplace is highly competitive, due to the presence of
several other large operations within a 20-mile radius.
Non-recyclable residuals in Newark are handled by third parties.
CHICAGO FACILITY
The Chicago Facility currently serves the low-grade, post-consumer market.
It consists of a single one-story building with two adjoining buildings that
enclose rail sidings, one on each side of the central structure. Each siding is
capable of storing six 40-foot boxcars.
A significant portion of the material which arrives at the Chicago
Facility has been baled at the supplier's facility. Suppliers are generally
large printing operations with significant recycling and paper recovery
activities. Material which arrives loose is sorted and baled.
The majority of the materials for this facility is obtained on a spot
market basis. Almost all of Chicago's material is sold to domestic paper mills,
as compared to Boston and Newark, which sell more than half of their materials
to overseas customers.
MARKETING
K-C markets secondary fiber, pulp and paper worldwide from offices in
Portland, Oregon and Lakewood, New Jersey. K-C is responsible for marketing the
majority of the Commercial Recycling segment's international sales. K-C has
integrated into its operations marketing personnel from Zaitlin, Prins and NJ
Fibers. K-C also actively trades secondary fiber pulp and paper for third party
recyclers and paper produces. The Commercial Recycling segment processing plants
have marketing personnel who obtain spot market material through direct
marketing to suppliers in close geographic proximity to the plant.
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<PAGE> 19
COMPETITION
The Company's waste paper brokerage business faces extensive competition.
Such businesses operate with relatively thin profit margins. In order to be
profitable, the waste paper broker must arrange to simultaneously buy and sell
waste paper, while providing a sufficient margin to cover transportation costs
and insurance. Generally, paper mills purchase paper under long-term contracts
which provide for purchase prices that are adjusted in accordance with a
relevant paper price index. A significant portion of the sales made by K-C are
to foreign customers, and such sales are contingent upon the availability of
letters of credit for such customers.
The Commercial Recycling segment's waste paper processing plants in
Biddeford, Maine, Charlestown, Massachusetts, Chicago, Illinois, Newark and
Passaic, New Jersey face significant competition in each of its markets. The
Newark recycling market is burdened with industry-wide overcapacity and
continual price pressure. Combined with high labor costs, the Newark market
currently operates at very low profit margins. In the Chicago and Charlestown
market, the Company's recycling plants have relatively low utilization and price
competition is extensive. The NJ Fibers facility in Passaic has several
competitors in the market; however, NJ Fibers is the largest paper processor in
the market.
CUSTOMERS
The Commercial Recycling segment processing facilities provides recycling
services to municipalities, commercial haulers and commercial waste generators
within the geographic proximity of the processing facilities. K-C brokers
products, including recyclable material processed at facilities operated by the
Residential and Commercial segments, principally to paper and box board
manufacturers in the United States, Canada, Pacific Rim countries, Europe and
South America.
RAW MATERIALS
The facility in Biddeford, Maine and the Charlestown, Massachusetts
commercial recycling facility's receive high-grade paper from printers and
publishing houses. The Chicago Facility's suppliers of high grade, pre-consumer
recyclable paper are generally large printing operations with significant
recycling and paper recovery operations of their own. The Newark Facility
receives a majority of its OCC and ONP from other recyclers and haulers. Its
office paper is obtained from haulers and directly from the City of New York.
Its preconsumer paper is received from printers and publishing houses.
K-C obtains it products from certain facilities within the Commercial
Recycling segment and the Charlestown facility within the Residential Recycling
segment, from waste generators, and from third party processors.
SEASONALITY
The Commercial Recycling segment experiences increased quantities of ONP
and OCC in November and December, followed by reduced quantities in January, due
to increased newspaper advertising and retail activity during the holiday
season.
EMPLOYEES
As of December 31, 1998, the Commercial Recycling segment had a total of
480 full time employees. The only employees covered by a collective bargaining
agreement were employed by NJ Fibers. The employees at NJ Fibers in Passaic, New
Jersey are represented by the Teamsters under three separate collective
bargaining agreements. The collective bargaining agreement expires on dates
ranging from February 2000 to November 2000. Management considers its employee
relations to be good.
FINISHED PRODUCTS SEGMENT
The Finished Products segment consists of the operations of Power Ship and
Manner (acquired November 1996), the cellulose insulation plants and the plastic
reprocessing plants of FCR (acquired
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<PAGE> 20
August 1998, See Residential Recycling), plastic reprocessing operations of
First State (acquired August 1998), and the glass pellet processor Seaglass
(formed by KTI in February 1998).
ACQUISITION OF FCR
As described in the Residential Recycling section, FCR was acquired on
August 28, 1998. In addition to the residential recycling facilities, the
Company acquired six cellulose insulation manufacturing plants and three plastic
reprocessing plants.
INSULATION DIVISION
The Insulation division manufactures cellulose insulation, which is
primarily used in the construction of manufactured housing and single family
residential homes. The Company is the second largest producer of cellulose
insulation in the country and operates five manufacturing facilities located in
Ronda, North Carolina; Tampa, Florida; Phoenix, Arizona; Clackamas, Oregon; and
Delphos, Ohio. The Company constructed a sixth plant in Waco, Texas which began
operations in February 1999. The insulation produced by the Insulation division
is primarily sold to the manufacturers of manufactured housing and insulation
contractors throughout the country.
The primary raw material for the Insulation division is ONP collected from
residential recycling programs such as those operated by the Residential
Recycling segment. The ONP is received in a baled or loose form and processed
through a system of mills, screens, and filtration systems. It is chemically
treated utilizing a proprietary technique during the manufacturing process in
order to comply with all federal and state governmental requirements regarding
fire retardance. The production processes were designed to maximize throughput
and product quality in a continuous manufacturing process. The Company also
performs daily testing of products to ensure compliance to customer and
governmental specifications for quality and fire retardancy.
PLASTICS DIVISION
The Plastics division is a reprocessor of high density polyethylene
("HDPE") plastics collected primarily from residential recycling programs and
industrial suppliers. The majority of the Plastics division's raw materials are
obtained from the Residential Recycling segment. Until August, 1998 the Plastics
Division operated three manufacturing facilities located in Reidsville, North
Carolina; Rockingham, North Carolina; and Hamlet, North Carolina. The
Rockingham, North Carolina plant was then closed and the equipment relocated to
Reidsville and Hamlet, North Carolina.
The recovered plastics materials are ground, washed and repelletized
utilizing a custom-designed system of grinders, washing, drying and extrusion
systems. The recycled plastics are sold primarily to manufacturers of floral
nursery containers and packaging materials for household and automotive
products.
Plastics products are substitutes for "virgin" HDPE plastic resin.
Accordingly, the price of the Company's reprocessed plastics materials varies
based on the market price for "virgin" HDPE resin. In order to reduce its
vulnerability to price swings, the Company sells its reprocessed plastics under
a "tolling" arrangement. Under this arrangement, the price charged by the
Company fluctuates with the market price of the recycled plastics. Thus, the
risk of fluctuating prices for the recycled plastics is borne by the Company's
suppliers and customers.
The Plastics division has a long-term contract with its largest customer,
which expires on August 31, 2000. This contract requires the customer to
purchase a specified quantity of plastic at prices determined by a tolling
formula defined in the contract. Sales to this customer in 1998 represented
47.7% of the net revenues of the Plastics division (11% of total revenues of the
Finished Products segment). On December 23, the Company signed a long-term
contract with another large customer. Both customers will produce finished
products adjacent to the Plastics division facility in Reidsville, North
Carolina.
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<PAGE> 21
MARKETING
The Insulation division's products are sold primarily to manufactured
housing companies, insulation contractors and building material products
distributors, and through retail home improvement centers. The Company's sales
force maintains periodic contact with each customer and monitors product quality
and service issues. The Company also has technical representatives that visit
manufactured housing production plants and insulation contract job sites to
assist customers in training their employees to properly install cellulose
insulation. This service provides additional support to the customers and
provides the Company effective information regarding the quality of the
cellulose insulation product.
Because the number of customers of FCR's Plastic facilities are limited, a
dedicated sales force is not required. Operating personnel maintain contacts
with the key customers and target and periodically pursue new markets as
opportunities arise. The Company meets with its largest customers on a monthly
basis to address quality and service issues, allowing the Company to respond to
issues impacting customer satisfaction on a timely basis. Manner has a marketing
staff of seven commission-based recycled plastic brokers. This staff identifies
industrial customers with scrap plastic resins which can be utilized in value
added recycling plants. Manner manages the movement of all material through
internal truck brokers at Power Ship.
COMPETITION
The insulation industry is highly competitive and requires substantial
capital and labor resources. In its insulation manufacturing activities, the
Company primarily competes with manufacturers of fiberglass insulation such as
Owens Corning, Certainteed and Schuller International. The fiberglass insulation
manufacturers currently have a significant market share and are substantially
better capitalized than the Company. The largest producer of cellulose
insulation is Louisiana Pacific, a large building products manufacturer. The
Company primarily competes with cellulose and fiberglass insulation
manufacturers by charging competitive prices and offering a quality product and
excellent customer service support. Competitive pricing against manufacturers of
fiberglass insulation is achieved because the manufacturing of cellulose
insulation requires a lower amount of investment in labor and capital compared
to fiberglass insulation.
The plastics industry is highly competitive and requires substantial
capital investment in equipment. The Plastics division's primary competition
comes from other reprocessors of recycled plastics, as well as suppliers of
virgin HDPE resin. These competitors have significantly greater financial and
other resources than the Company. The Plastics division competes primarily by
obtaining a guaranteed stream of quality raw material from the Residential
Recycling segment, charging competitive prices and offering quality products.
Competitive pricing is achieved because the cost to reprocess plastics requires
a lower amount of investment in capital as compared to the manufacturing of
virgin plastic resin and usually sells at a lower price per pound. This enables
the plastic division to obtain long-term supply contracts with customers to
ensure a consistent sales volume for its facilities.
Manner competes with several other recycled plastic brokers and direct
marketing from plastic recycling plants for the post-industrial plastic scrap
and with materials recovery facilities for post-consumer plastics. The Company
believes that Manner will continue to be competitive as a result of its
knowledge of the plastic recycling market and its reputation and relationship
with its customers.
CUSTOMERS
The Insulation division sells its products to manufacturers of
manufactured homes, insulation contractors, and retail home improvement stores
throughout the United States.
The Plastic division primarily sells its products to manufacturers located
in facilities adjacent to or in close proximity to the respective facilities.
Manner sells principally to manufacturers in the United States.
20
<PAGE> 22
RAW MATERIALS
The primary raw material for the Insulation Division is ONP collected from
residential recycling programs such as those operated by the Residential
Recycling segment. In 1998, 9.1% of the tons of ONP utilized by the insulation
division were purchased from the Residential Recycling segment. The remaining
tons were purchased from municipalities, commercial haulers, and paper brokers.
The chemicals used to make the ONP fire retardant are purchased from industrial
chemical manufacturers located in the United States and South America.
The Plastic Division's primary raw material is baled plastic containers
collected from residential recycling programs such as those operated by the
Residential Recycling segment and ground material from industrial customers. In
1998, 53.0% of the Plastic division's raw material was purchased from the
Residential Recycling segment.
SEASONALITY
The Insulation division experiences lower sales in November and December
as a result of lower production of manufactured housing due to holiday plant
shut downs.
EMPLOYEES
As of December 31, 1998, the Finished Products segment had a total of 258
full time employees. None of the Finished Product segment's employees are
covered by collective bargaining agreements and the Company considers its
employee relations to be good.
GOVERNMENTAL REGULATION
GENERAL
The operations of the Company's waste handling businesses are subject to
extensive governmental regulations at the federal, state, local and provincial
levels. The Company believes that its operations are in material compliance with
existing laws and regulations material to its business. The laws, rules and
regulations which govern the waste handling businesses are very broad and are
subject to continuing change and interpretation. No assurance can be given that
the Company will be able to obtain or maintain the licenses, permits and
approvals necessary to conduct its current business or possible future
expansions of its business. The failure to obtain or maintain requisite
licenses, permits and approvals or otherwise to comply with such existing or
future laws, rules and regulations or interpretations thereof could have a
material adverse effect on the Company's operations. The following discussion of
statutes, regulations and court decisions are brief summaries, are not intended
to be complete and are qualified in their entirety by reference to such
statutes, regulations and court decisions.
ENERGY AND UTILITY REGULATION
Each of the Maine Energy facility, the PERC facility and the Telogia
Facility has been certified by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission as a
"qualifying small power production facility" under The Public Utility Regulatory
Policies Act of 1978, as amended ("PURPA") and regulations promulgated
thereunder, which grants an exemption for such facilities from most federal and
state laws governing electric utility rates and financial organization. A
qualified small power production facility is exempt from the Public Utility
Holding Company Act of 1935 and from certain state laws and regulations
governing electric utility rates and financial organization and, the rates
charged by Maine Energy and PERC for their acceptance of waste at their
respective facilities are not subject to regulation under existing state and
federal law.
PURPA requires that electric utilities purchase electricity generated by
qualifying facilities at a price equal to the purchasing utility's full "avoided
cost". Avoided costs are defined by PURPA as the
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<PAGE> 23
incremental costs to the electric utility of electric energy or capacity or both
which, but for the purchase from the qualifying facility, such utility would
generate itself or purchase from another source.
The Company's waste-to-energy business, which accounted for approximately
47.0% of the Company's revenue during 1998, is dependent upon electric utilities
that purchase energy produced at the Company's waste-to-energy plants. Pursuant
to the Maine Energy PPA, the Bangor Hydro PPA and the Florida Power PPA, these
utilities have agreed to purchase electricity generated by the respective
waste-to-energy facility at contractually agreed rates. Sales of electricity to
these utilities accounted for approximately 48.1%, 57.1% and 81.6% of revenues
of Maine Energy, PERC and the Telogia Facility, respectively, in 1998. In the
event of the deregulation of electric utilities, certain electric companies may
no longer be financially viable. To the extent that the electric utilities with
whom the Company has contracts is adversely impacted by deregulation, such
utilities may not be able to perform their obligations under such purchase power
agreements. The State of Maine has recently enacted deregulation legislation
which will require the local utilities to transfer their respective contracts
with Maine Energy and PERC to newly formed regulated transmission and
distribution companies. The costs of such contracts will be passed through to
rate-payers beginning in the year 2000 through these transmission and
distribution companies.
FLOW CONTROL
One response by state and local governments to the increasing problems
associated with solid waste disposal was the enactment of flow control
ordinances which generally require that all waste generated in the municipality
enacting the ordinance be directed to a specified disposal site. The purpose of
these ordinances was to control the processing of solid waste from the enacting
municipalities as a means of controlling waste tipping fee revenues which were
relied upon as a means to support the financing and operation of solid waste
disposal facilities. The enactment of flow control ordinances was authorized
pursuant to Maine law and most of the municipalities with whom Maine Energy and
PERC executed long-term waste handling agreements enacted such ordinances. From
the municipality's perspective, having such an ordinance in place was a
corollary to its agreement to a "put-or-pay" waste handling agreement which
requires the municipality to pay a guaranteed annual minimum fee to the
waste-to-energy facility regardless of the actual amount of MSW delivered to the
facility.
In May 1994, in C&A Carbone, Inc. v. Town of Clarkstown, the United States
Supreme Court struck down, as an unlawful violation of the "commerce clause" of
the United States Constitution, a flow control ordinance enacted by the Town of
Clarkstown, New York. The Company does not believe that loss of flow control
provisions would adversely impact operations at either the Maine Energy facility
or the PERC facility. The long-term waste handling agreements for such
facilities contractually require the municipalities to pay for waste disposal
whether or not the waste is delivered. Therefore, the municipalities have little
financial incentive to pay for the disposal of MSW at alternative sites even at
lower tipping fees. More significantly, however, the Company believes that the
tipping fees charged by both Maine Energy and PERC are parallel with long-term
tipping fees currently being charged by landfills and less than tipping fees of
other waste incinerators in the region. In addition, the closing of landfills
and the remoteness of Maine from urban areas means that there are few disposal
alternatives available to Maine municipalities. Finally, as transportation costs
are a significant part of total disposal costs, it is unlikely that existing
disposal facilities located outside of the Maine Energy or PERC facility waste
generation areas would be able to lower their tipping fees to a point that would
justify the incurrence of the additional transportation expense. The Company
believes that comparatively low tipping fees at the Maine Energy and PERC
facilities will make them attractive alternatives to waste generators who may be
free to look elsewhere if flow control ordinances restricting their disposal
opportunities become unenforceable.
ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS
While increasing environmental regulation often presents new business
opportunities to the Company, it likewise often results in increased operating
costs as well. The Company strives to conduct their operations in compliance
with applicable laws and regulations, including environmental rules and
regulations, and have as their goal 100% compliance with such laws and
regulations. This effort requires
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<PAGE> 24
programs to promote compliance, such as training employees and customers,
purchasing health and safety equipment, and in some cases hiring outside
consultants and lawyers. Even with these programs, management of the Company
believes that in the ordinary course of doing business, companies in the
environmental services and waste disposal industry are faced with governmental
enforcement proceedings resulting in fines or other sanctions and will likely be
required to pay civil penalties or to expend funds for remedial work on waste
management facilities. At December 31, 1998, there were no pending governmental
environmental enforcement proceedings where the Company, believes potential
monetary sanctions will exceed $0.1 million
The Telogia Facility is currently in violation of its Waste Water
Discharge Permit (the "Permit"). This violation involves the temperature of the
water used in the cooling process and in the opinion of management, does not
involve a significant environmental issue. The Company has requested a
modification to the permit from the Florida Department of Environmental
Protection to change the monitoring procedures and enable the Company to operate
in compliance with the permit.
The possibility always exists that substantial expenditures could result
from governmental proceedings, which would have a negative impact on earnings
for a particular reporting period. More importantly, federal, state and local
regulators have the power to suspend or revoke permits or licenses needed for
operation of the plants, equipment, and vehicles of the Company or any operating
subsidiary of the Company based on the applicable company's compliance record,
and customers may decide not to use a particular disposal facility or do
business with a company because of concerns about its compliance record.
Suspension or revocation of permits or licenses would have a negative impact on
the Company's business and operations and could have a material adverse impact
on the Company's financial results.
The Company's waste-to-energy, ash recycling and wood processing business
activities at its facilities and its transportation and waste disposal business
activities are regulated pursuant to federal, state and local environmental
laws. Federal laws such as the Clean Air Act of 1990 as amended (the "Clean Air
Act"), and the Clean Water Act and their state analogs govern discharges of
pollutants from waste-to-energy facilities to air and water, and other federal,
state and local laws such as the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976,
as amended ("RCRA"), comprehensively govern the generation, transportation,
storage, treatment and disposal of solid waste. These environmental regulatory
laws, and others such as the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation
and Liability Act of 1980, as amended ("CERCLA"), may make the Company
potentially liable in the event of environmental contamination associated with
its activities, facilities or properties.
The environmental regulatory laws and regulations or licenses and permits
issued thereunder also establish operational standards, including specific
limitations on emissions of certain air and water pollutants. Failure to meet
these standards could subject the facilities to enforcement actions and, unless
excused by particular circumstances, fines or other liabilities.
Standards established pursuant to the environmental regulatory laws and
governmental policies governing their enforcement may change. For example, new
technology may be required or stricter standards may be established for the
control of discharges of air or water pollutants or for solid waste or ash
handling and disposal. Such future developments could affect the manner in which
the Company operates its facilities and could require significant additional
capital expenditures to achieve compliance with such requirements or policies.
In the case of Maine Energy and PERC, however, in most circumstances all or a
portion of these compliance costs may be recovered from the communities with
long-term waste handling agreements as a component of the variable portion of
the tipping fee pursuant to change-in-law provisions of such agreements.
CERCLA, and other environmental remediation laws, may subject the Company
to strict joint and several liability for the costs of remediating contamination
associated with contaminated sites, including landfills, at which there has been
disposal of residue or other waste handled, transported or processed by the
Company and real property owned by the Company which may be contaminated. The
Company has no information that might indicate that it may be a potentially
responsible party under CERCLA or any other environmental remediation law.
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Timely applications have been made for the air emissions permits for the
Maine Energy, PERC and Telogia facilities. Under Maine regulatory law, a permit
continues in effect provided that a timely application for renewal is made. In
Maine Energy's case, the application was submitted in compliance with state
mandate during August 1996. Thereafter, in December 1996, a public hearing was
held by the MDEP on the application and to address the favorable results of an
independently conducted health risk assessment pertaining to Maine Energy. In
the case of PERC, a renewal application was submitted in advance of the
deadline. PERC is awaiting notification from the state of Maine to finalize
approval of the air emission permit. Management of the Company believes that the
Maine Energy, PERC and Telogia facilities are in compliance with the federal
Clean Air Act, its implementing regulations and all other applicable regulations
and, therefore, anticipates that the permits will be renewed following the
hearings. There can be no assurance, however, that new conditions will not be
imposed in the permits or that the permits will be renewed.
Management of Maine Energy and PERC believe that relationships with Maine
environmental regulators are good and there are no pending or, to such
management's knowledge, any threatened enforcement actions. The Company, which
is responsible for operating the Maine Energy facility, monitors applicable
environmental standards and evaluates its selection of technology to ensure that
applicable standards are being met.
The United States Supreme Court determined in City of Chicago v.
Environmental Defense Fund, a case interpreting provisions of RCRA, that the
generation of ash residue from waste-to-energy facilities in the incineration
process is not exempt from hazardous waste regulation. The Company believes that
the Supreme Court's decision will have no material adverse effect on operations
at the Maine Energy, PERC and Telogia facilities. The ash produced at the Maine
Energy and PERC facilities is and always has been tested for hazardous wastes
and has generally met the requirements of non-hazardous material according to
the regulations implementing RCRA promulgated by the Environmental Protection
Agency since their adoption. Any ash residue that is designated as hazardous
material is disposed of according to regulations governing the disposal of such
material. Moreover, the Company's ash residue is disposed in landfills
segregated to accept ash residue only, and, to the Company's knowledge, the
landfill facilities at which the ash residue is disposed meet or exceed the
applicable standards for such facilities under RCRA. Further, the Company
receives indemnification from Waste Management of Maine, Inc. with respect to
potential environmental liabilities relating to ash residue delivered for
disposal by Maine Energy. There can be no assurance, however, that the current
regulations governing the testing and disposition of ash residue will not be
modified and made more stringent and require operational or technological
adjustments at the Maine Energy and PERC facilities, which adjustments could
have a material adverse effect on the operation of such facilities and the
financial viability or profitability of the Company.
Maine Energy's waste handling agreements with its host communities of
Biddeford and Saco prescribe a set of standards for noise, odor and ash
emissions from the Maine Energy facility and impose penalties in the event of
non-compliance. Since the Maine Energy facility is sited directly in the
commercial area of Biddeford, the Company has implemented stringent operational
practices to mitigate the escape of odors from the Maine Energy facility
including the use of air lock doors at the waste-hauling trucks' entrance to,
and exit from, the facility's tipping floor. Management believes that the Maine
Energy facility has been in compliance with noise, odor and ash emission
standards.
In order to operate the Lewiston Facility, Bio Fuels is required to
maintain a site location and solid waste permit issued by MDEP and a junkyard
permit issued by the City of Lewiston, Maine. Maine state law and an ordinance
of the City of Lewiston forbid the operation of "junkyards" without obtaining a
permit. The nature of the Lewiston Facility's operation puts it within the
definition of a junkyard. The permit is issued on a yearly basis and local
officials have the authority to impose conditions in the permit consistent with
public health and safety. Renewal is subject to a public hearing. The KTI Bio
Fuels permit contains numerous special conditions, the majority of which were
inserted in response to two fires that occurred at the Lewiston Facility,
including, without limitation, restrictions on the number and size of wood waste
piles which may be maintained on the premises and the requirement that fire
hydrants and an additional access road to the Lewiston facility from the main
road be provided. The permit for the
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<PAGE> 26
maintenance of a site location and solid waste permit and the junkyard permit
were most recently renewed during January 1999. The Company believes that the
Lewiston facility is in compliance with the provisions of the permit.
TWM is involved in the transportation of both liquid and solid waste. TWM
is a fully licensed hazardous waste transporter and operates both a hazardous
waste and a special waste transfer facility at its Newington, New Hampshire
site. TWM also operates a 700,000 gallon used oil processing and marketing
facility at the Newington site. TWM's operations staff is fully trained for
emergency response work, industrial service work and tank cleaning, removal and
maintenance services. Its compliance and training department is fully staffed to
deal with all Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Department of
Transportation, United States Environmental Protection Agency and state rules
and regulations.
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
All statements contained herein and in "Management's Discussion and
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" that are not
historical facts, including but not limited to statements regarding the
Company's current business strategy, prospective joint ventures, and plans for
future development and operations and predictions of future tipping fees,
management fees payable to KTI, future compliance with applicable laws and
governmental regulations, future capacity and processing amounts and cash flow
and its uses, are based upon current expectations. These statements are
forward-looking in nature and involve a number of risks and uncertainties, many
of which are not within the Control of the Company. Actual results may differ
materially. Among the factors that could cause actual results to differ
materially are the following: (i) the availability of sufficient capital to
finance the Company's business plan and its other capital needs on terms
satisfactory to the Company; (ii) competitive factors such as availability of
less expensive waste disposal outlets or expanded recycling programs that may
significantly reduce the amount of waste products available to the Company's
facilities; (iii) changes in labor, equipment and capital costs; (iv) the
ability of the Company to consummate any contemplated joint ventures and/or
restructuring on terms satisfactory to the Company; (v) changes in regulations
affecting the waste disposal and recycling industries; (vi) the ability of the
Company to comply with the restrictions imposed upon it in connection with its
outstanding indebtedness; (vii) future acquisitions or strategic partnerships;
(viii) general business and economic conditions; and (ix) other factors
described from time to time in the Company's reports filed with the Securities
and Exchange Commission. The Company wishes to caution readers not to place
undue reliance on any such forward-looking statements, which statements are made
pursuant to the Private Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and, as such, speak only
as of the date made.
ITEM 2: PROPERTIES
The following is a summary of the principal properties of the Company as
of May 10, 1999.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
FACILITY TYPE LOCATION FEET STATUS
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
WASTE-TO-ENERGY
Maine Energy Power Generation Biddeford, ME 137,000 Owned
PERC Power Generation Orrington, ME 177,000 Owned
Telogia Facility Power Generation Telogia, FL 73,000 Owned
Multitrade-Martinsville Steam Generation Martinsville, VA 24,000 Owned
Multitrade-Martinsville Steam Generation Martinsville, VA 11,000 Owned
Multitrade-Dupont Steam Generation Martinsville, VA 1,300 Owned
AART Ash Recycling Nashville, TN 15,000 Owned
TWM and Specialty
Waste Waste Processing Newington, NH 6,500 Owned
BioFuels Waste Processing Lewiston, ME 14,700 Owned
Cairo Facility Wood Processing Cairo, GA 6,000 Owned
KTI Tire Tire Processing Cambridge, Ontario, 32,000 Owned
Canada
</TABLE>
25
<PAGE> 27
<TABLE>
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Administrative Office Space Saco, ME 5,800 Lease expiring 2003
AFA Group, Inc. Mulch Processing Newark, NJ 70,000 Lease expiring 2004
RESIDENTIAL RECYCLING
Stratford MRF Stratford, CT 46,000 Note 1
Mecklenburg County MRF Charlotte, NC 90,000 Note 1
Greensboro MRF Greensboro, NC 42,000 Lease expiring 2003
Camden MRF Camden, NJ 45,000 Lease expiring 2003
Lee County MRF Ft. Myers, FL 45,000 Note 1
Morris County MRF Mine Hill, NJ 26,000 Lease expiring 2000
Memphis MRF Memphis, TN 40,000 Owned
Washington MRF Alexandria, VA 50,000 Lease expiring 2005
Hartford MRF Hartford, CT 45,000 Note 1
Greenville MRF Greenville, SC 60,000 Lease expiring 2002
West Palm Beach MRF West Palm, FL 70,000 Note 1
Ann Arbor MRF Ann Arbor, MI 30,000 Note 1
Saginaw MRF Saginaw, MI 25,000 Owned
Columbia County MRF Claverack, NY 18,000 Owned
Howes Cave MRF Howes Cave, NY 40,000 Lease expiring 2004
Athen/Clarke MRF Athens, GA 22,000 Owned
Sarasota MRF Sarasota, FL 33,000 Owned
Administration Office Space Charlotte, NC 20,000 Lease expiring 2003
COMMERCIAL RECYCLING
Charlestown MRF Charlestown, MA 62,000 Lease expiring 2002
Charlestown MRF Charlestown, MA 75,000 Lease expiring 2002
Newark Plant MRF Newark, NJ 135,000 Lease expiring 2007
Chicago Plant MRF Chicago, IL 72,000 Owned
NJ Fibers MRF/Office Passaic, NJ 85,000 Lease expiring 2006
Zaitlin MRF/Warehouse Biddeford, ME 30,000 Owned
Zaitlin MRF Biddeford, ME 12,000 Owned
K-C Office Portland, OR 2,352 Lease expiring 2000
K-C Office Lakewood, NJ 1,865 Lease expiring 2000
FINISHED PRODUCTS
Ronda Insulation Ronda, NC 77,000 Lease expiring 2005
Tampa Insulation Tampa, FL 70,759 Lease expiring 2018
Clackamas Insulation Clackamas, OR 10,000 Lease expiring 2002
Delphos Insulation Delphos, OH 26,000 Lease expiring 2003
Phoenix Insulation Phoenix, AZ 31,820 Lease expiring 2004
Waco Insulation Waco, TX 60,000 Lease expiring 2006
Reidsville Plastic Reprocessing Reidsville, NC 80,000 Lease expiring 2007
Hamlet Plastic Reprocessing Hamlet, NC 46,400 Lease expiring 2000
First State Plastic Reprocessing Wilmington, DE 40,000 Lease expiring 2003
Manner, Power Ship Office Annapolis, MD 2,000 Lease expiring 2003
Seaglass Glass Processing Newark, NJ 5,000 Lease expiring 2007
CORPORATE
Executive Office Office Guttenberg, NJ 5,000 Lease expiring 2001
</TABLE>
Note 1: These properties are owned by the municipalities and operated by a
subsidiary of the Company
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
Maine Energy is the plaintiff in a suit in the State of Maine against
United Steel Structures, Inc. under a warranty to recover the costs which were,
or will be incurred to replace the roof and walls of the
26
<PAGE> 28
Maine Energy tipping and processing building. The judge in the case entered an
order awarding Maine Energy approximately $3.3 million plus interest from May
10, 1994, to the date of the filing of the lawsuit, and court costs. The
defendant filed an appeal on December 19, 1997. In February 1999, the Appellate
Court reversed the trial court's verdict in favor of the Company and returned
the case to the Trial Court.
Two lawsuits have been filed on September 30, 1997 and March 6, 1998 by
Capital Recycling of Connecticut ("Capital") in a Connecticut State Court
against K-C, certain officers of K-C and other parties. The suits allege fraud,
tortious interference with business expectancy and violations of the Connecticut
Unfair Trade Practices Act. The actions are based on two contracts between
Capital and K-C. The contracts require all disputes to be resolved by
arbitration in Portland, Oregon. Pursuant to this requirement, K-C has initiated
the arbitration process in Portland, Oregon. Subsequently, the parties agreed to
arbitrate the dispute in Hartford, Connecticut. Discovery is now in process and
the arbitration is expected to be held in June 1999.
The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission has filed a lawsuit against
FCR Tennessee, Inc. in the District Court for the Western District of Tennessee,
Western Division, alleging sexual harassment by two managers and a sexually
hostile work environment. The complainants seek compensation for past and future
pecuniary and non-pecuniary losses as well as punitive damages and potential
reinstatement of employment for Valerie L. Jacobs. FCR has retained counsel to
defend this suit and has reported the lawsuit to FCR's D & O insurance carrier.
Management is currently reviewing the lawsuit. The plaintiffs have demanded
$105,000 and the Company has offered $30,000 in settlement. No agreement on
settlement has been reached.
On April 1, 1999, William F. Kaiser, a former Executive Vice President and
Treasurer of the Company, filed a lawsuit against the Company in the U.S.
District Court for the District of New Jersey. The suit alleges breach of
contract, wrongful termination, breach of the implied covenant of good faith and
fair dealing, misrepresentation of employment terms and failure to pay wages,
all arising out of Mr. Kaiser's employment agreement with the Company. The suit
also alleges that the Company inaccurately reported its financial results for
the first quarter of 1998 and failed to properly disclose the change of control
provision in Mr. Kaiser's employment agreement. Mr. Kaiser is seeking damages
for salary, bonus and other payments, including severance, and damages from his
sale of approximately 50,000 shares of Common Stock resulting from the Company's
allegedly inaccurate financial reports. Mr. Kaiser is also seeking a declaratory
judgment that, upon closing of the Company's proposed merger with Casella Waste
Systems, Inc., the change of control provision entitles him to receive two
years' salary and to exercise 132,000 unvested options for the Company's Common
Stock. The Company believes it has meritorious defenses to these claims.
C.H. Lee, a former employee of FCR and a former majority shareholder of
Resource Recycling, Inc. ("RRI"), instigated arbitration proceedings in
Charlotte, North Carolina against the Company, FCR and FCR Plastics, Inc. ("FCR
Plastics") in connection with the acquisition of RRI by FCR. Mr. Lee alleges
that FCR and FCR Plastics acted to frustrate the "earn-out" provisions of the
acquisition agreement and thereby precluded Mr. Lee from receiving or
alternatively, reduced the sums to which he was entitled to receive. He also
alleges that FCR and FCR Plastics wrongfully terminated his employment
agreement. The claim for arbitration alleges direct charges in excess of $5.0
million and requests punitive damages, treble damages and attorneys fees. The
Company, FCR and FCR Plastics have responded to the demand, denying liability
and filed a counterclaim for $1.0 million for misrepresentations. The Company
believes it has meritorious defenses to these claims.
On or about April 26, 1999, Salvatore Russo purported to have filed an
action in the U.S. District Court, District of New Jersey against the Company
and two of its principal officers, Ross Pirasteh and Martin J. Sergi, on behalf
of all stockholders who purchased common stock of the Company from May 4, 1998
through and including August 14, 1998. The complaint alleges that the
defendants made material misrepresentations in the Company's Form 10-Q for the
period ended March 31, 1998 in violation of Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, concerning its allowance for
doubtful accounts and net income. The plaintiff is seeking undisclosed damages.
The Company believes it has meritorious defenses to the complaint.
27
<PAGE> 29
Dennis McDonnell filed a lawsuit dated April 6, 1999 against U.S.
Fiber, Inc., ("U.S. Fiber") a subsidiary of FCR. Mr. McDonnell, a former
employee of U.S. Fiber, seeks a declaratory judgment regarding his rights and
obligations under an Employment Non-Competition Agreement and an Employment
Agreement that he previously had signed with two corporations that
subsequently were merged with and into U.S. Fiber. The Company is defending
the suit and believes it has meritorious defenses.
The Company is a defendant in certain other lawsuits alleging various
claims incurred in the ordinary course of business, none of which, either
individually or in the aggregate, the Company believes are material to its
financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
Management of the Company does not believe that the outcome of the
foregoing matters, individually or in the aggregate, will have a materially
adverse effect on the Company's financial condition, cash flows or results of
operations.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
Not applicable.
28
<PAGE> 30
PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCK HOLDER MATTERS
The following table sets forth the high and low sale prices for the Common
Stock for the periods indicated, as reported on the NASDAQ Company's National
Market System under the symbol KTIEE.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
High Low
Price Price
----- -----
<S> <C> <C>
January 1, 1997 through March 31, 1997 9 1/8 7 9/64
April 1, 1997 through June 30, 1997 9 1/2 7 5/8
July 1, 1997 through September 30, 1997 14 7/8 8 7/8
October 1, 1997 through December 31, 1997 17 1/2 14 1/8
January 1, 1998 through March 31, 1998 17 3/16 15 3/16
April 1, 1998 through June 30, 1998 23 3/4 16 1/2
July 1, 1998 through September 30, 1998 25 1/2 15
October 1, 1998 through December 31, 1998 24 3/8 15 3/4
</TABLE>
On May 12, 1999, the last reported sale price of the Common Stock as
reported on the NASDAQ National Market System was $11-3/8 per share. There were
242 record owners of the Company's 13,916,238 outstanding shares of Common Stock
as of May 12, 1999.
The Company has not paid any cash dividends on its Common Stock or the
Series A Convertible Preferred Stock. On February 28, 1997, a 5% stock dividend
was declared, payable on March 28, 1997 to holders of Common Stock of record on
March 14, 1997. The Company's bank credit facility contains restrictions on the
payment of cash dividends on the Common Stock. It is anticipated that for the
foreseeable future, the Company will use its capital for strategic opportunities
and to reduce debt and not pay cash dividends on its Common Stock.
29
<PAGE> 31
ITEM 6. SELECTED HISTORICAL CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL INFORMATION
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1998(4) 1997(4) 1996 1995 1994
--------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS DATA
Revenues $ 192,977 $ 96,157 $ 68,508 $ 38,083 $ 37,783
Total costs and expenses 179,454 84,320 33,603 38,459 37,615
Equity in net income of partnerships 333 335 324
--------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Income (loss) from continuing operations
before minority interest, provision
(benefit) for income taxes and
extraordinary item 13,523 11,837 35,238 (41) 492
Minority interest (1) (5,408) (6,331) (18,610) (1,287) (1,920)
--------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Income (loss) from continuing operations
before provision (benefit) for income
taxes and extraordinary item 8,115 5,506 16,628 (1,328) (1,428)
Provision (benefit) for income taxes 1,046 (2,586) 65
--------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Income (loss) from continuing operations
before extraordinary item 7,069 8,092 16,628 (1,393) (1,428)
Loss from discontinued operations (714) (86)
Extraordinary item - net (351) (2,248) 148
--------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Net income (loss) 6,718 8,092 13,666 (1,331) (1,428)
Accretion and paid and accrued dividends
on preferred stock (1,133) (1,408)
--------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Net income (loss) available for common
shareholders $ 5,585 $ 6,684 13,666 (1,331) (1,428)
========= ========= ========= ========= =========
Per Share Data:
Basic:
Income (loss) from continuing operations $ 0.56 $ 0.90 $ 2.73 $ (0.26) $ (0.42)
Loss from discontinued operations (0.11) (0.02)
--------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Income (loss) before extraordinary item 0.56 0.90 2.62 (0.28) (0.42)
Extraordinary item (0.03) (0.37) 0.03
--------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Net income (loss) $ 0.53 $ 0.90 $ 2.25 $ (0.25) $ (0.42)
--------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Weighted average number of shares used in
computation (3) 10,549 7,404 6,082 5,264 3,409
========= ========= ========= ========= =========
Diluted:
Income (loss) from continuing operations $ 0.52 $ 0.83 $ 2.47 $ (0.26) $ (0.42)
Loss from discontinued operations (0.10) (0.02)
--------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Income (loss) before extraordinary item 0.52 0.83 2.37 (0.28) (0.42)
Extraordinary item (0.03) (0.32) 0.03
--------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Net income (loss) $ 0.49 $ 0.83 $ 2.05 $ (0.25) $ (0.42)
========= ========= ========= ========= =========
Weighted average number of shares used in
computation (2) (3) 11,398 8,426 6,934 5,264 3,409
========= ========= ========= ========= =========
BALANCE SHEET DATA
Total assets $ 422,966 $ 242,483 $ 123,074 $ 132,906 $ 131,383
Debt 218,698 94,267 39,073 115,376 127,348
Minority interest 19,526 22,105 10,872 1,840 553
Deferred revenue 33,871 37,500 41,250 --
Shareholders' equity (deficit) 115,230 72,740 25,704 6,881 (3,911)
</TABLE>
(1) Minority interest for the year ended December 31, 1997, includes $4,620 and
$102 for preacquisition earnings of PERC and AARNE, respectively. Minority
interest for the year ended December 31, 1994 includes $1,367 of
preacquisition earnings of Maine Energy.
(2) An adjustment for shares issued during the twelve month period prior to the
Company's initial registration statement has been made.
(3) All periods reflect the effect of a 5% common stock dividend declared by
the Board of Directors on February 28, 1997 and paid March 28, 1997.
(4) See "Item 7 -- Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations" for a discussion of factors such as accounting
changes, business combinations and dispositions of business operations that
materially affect the comparability of the information reflected herein.
30
<PAGE> 32
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS
OF OPERATIONS (ALL AMOUNTS IN THOUSANDS UNLESS OTHERWISE INDICTED)
GENERAL
The Company is a holding company that derives its earnings from its
subsidiaries. During 1998, as part of its integrated waste management strategy,
the Company acquired several businesses and additional partnership interests.
The Company continued the expansion of its capabilities in the
Waste-to-Energy segment with the acquisitions of TWM, Multitrade, RTI, New
Heights and Russell Stull. These acquisitions expanded the scope of the
Company's waste processing capabilities as well as increased the number of
waste-to-energy facilities. The Company also continued to execute its strategy
of increasing its ownership of its existing waste-to-energy plants with the
increase in its ownership in Maine Energy to 83.75% through the purchase of a
9.6% limited partnership from CNA. This transaction was not completed until
December 30, 1998; thus, it does not have a significant impact on the results of
operations for 1998.
To expand into additional post-industrial and post-consumer recycling and
the manufacture of finished products using recyclable materials, the Company
acquired FCR. FCR is headquartered in Charlotte, North Carolina and operates
seventeen material recycling facilities, six cellulose insulation manufacturing
facilities, and three plastic reprocessing facilities located in 12 states. The
Company also acquired Atlantic Coast and Gaccione which increased the Company's
processing capabilities with the addition of a recycling facility in Passaic,
New Jersey. Atlantic Coast and Gaccione also strengthen the Company's
capabilities in the marketing of paper fibers. To supplement its plastics
recycling and processing capabilities, the Company acquired First State.
Waste-to-Energy Segment
The Company, since inception, has developed and managed waste-to-energy
facilities. The Company's subsidiaries, Maine Energy and PERC, both take in
municipal solid waste and the Telogia Facility takes in bio-mass waste and
convert it into fuel which is consumed in the generation of electric power. A
subsidiary of the Company is the operator of Maine Energy on a cost-plus basis
and a co-operator of PERC on an annual fee basis.
The waste-to-energy facilities principally derive their revenues from sale
of electric power and steam generated from the combustion of waste products
which is sold under long-term contracts with local utilities or commercial
customers. Maine Energy and PERC also receive tipping fees under long-term,
short-term, and commercial waste disposal contracts with municipalities and spot
market waste received from commercial haulers. The remaining waste-to-energy
facilities obtain a low percentage of their fuel supply under short-term tipping
fee contracts with biomass waste generators and haulers.
The Company's MSW waste disposal operations are subject to seasonal
fluctuations. Reduced volumes of waste are generated during the winter months.
The Company's Maine facilities are located in summer vacation areas. The
waste-to-energy facilities also have periodic scheduled shutdowns each year,
usually two weeks in April or May, for major maintenance and capital projects.
In June 1998, PERC refinanced its bonds payable. In connection with the
refinancing of PERC's bonds payable, the Bangor Hydro PPA was amended whereby
BHE, which purchases the power from PERC, made a one-time payment of $6.0
million in cash and issued a non-interest bearing note due in 16 quarterly
payments of $250,000 commencing on October 1, 1998 (the "BHE Payments") and
issued warrants to a subsidiary of the Company to purchase shares of BHE common
stock. Electric power revenues for 1998 include the $6.0 million payment, the
present value of the BHE Payments (approximately $3.6 million) and the warrant
valuation of approximately $3.8 million. Beginning as of the date of the amended
Waste Disposal Agreement, BHE is entitled to receive a one-third share of PERC's
distributable cash.
31
<PAGE> 33
Concurrent with the refinancing of the bonds payable and the amendment to
the Bangor Hydro PPA, the Waste Disposal Agreements with certain municipalities
("Amending Charter Municipalities") were amended to extend the term of such
agreements to the year 2019. In addition, PERC granted the Amending Charter
Municipalities the right to purchase up to a 50% limited partnership interest in
PERC for $31.0 million. Such purchases may only be made to the extent of their
share of distributable cash from PERC, as defined, and one-half of the BHE
Payments. Such amounts paid must be used to prepay the portion of the 1998 bonds
then outstanding. The Amending Charter Municipalities were also granted the
right to purchase the remaining partnership interest in 2018 at the then fair
market value, as defined in the partnership agreement.
The Waste Disposal Agreements were further amended to provide that the
Amending Charter Municipalities would receive a one-third share of PERC's
distributable cash, as defined, as a Performance Credit. Prior to this
amendment, the municipalities received a Performance Credit equal to one-half
PERC's distributable cash, as defined.
The restructuring of the Bangor Hydro PPA and the Waste Disposal
Agreements improve the long-term prospects for PERC through securing the volume
of MSW delivered to the facility for an extended period and providing a
competitive PPA for BHE. This enables BHE to remain competitive in the changing
competitive market for electric power.
Residential Recycling Segment
In August 1998, the Company expanded its capabilities in the processing of
post-consumer materials from residential recycling programs with the acquisition
of FCR. This acquisition provided a management team with operating expertise
which will enable the Company to add additional facilities in the future.
Approximately 74.2% of the material processed by the Residential Recycling
facilities is delivered pursuant to long-term contracts with municipal customers
with terms from five to ten years. The Company pays or charges the municipality
a fee for each ton of material delivered. These contracts also frequently
contain revenue sharing arrangements, under which the Company pays the
municipality a specified percentage of the revenue from the sale of the
recovered materials.
The Residential Recycling facilities generate additional revenues from the
sale of the recyclable materials. The revenues received from the sale of
recyclable materials fluctuate with the changes in the market prices. The
Company utilizes long-term supply contracts with customers with floor price
arrangements to minimize commodity volatility and risk for certain recyclables.
Under such contracts, the Company obtains a guaranteed minimum price ("floor
price") for the recyclable materials along with a commitment to receive
additional amounts if current market prices rise above the floor price. In
general, the Company's strategy is to utilize long-term supply contracts with
its customers to support the long-term contracts with municipalities and thus
support the profitability of each contract.
Commercial Recycling Segment
In August, 1998, the Company expanded its capabilities to process
post-industrial and post-consumer paper fibers with the acquisition of Atlantic
Coast and Gaccione. This acquisition also increased the Company's market share
in the northern New Jersey market. This will enable the Company to integrate its
existing facility in Newark, New Jersey into the marketing efforts of Atlantic
Coast and Gaccione in an effort to increase volumes and improve the
profitability of the Newark facility.
The operations of the Commercial Recycling segment have continued to fall
below management's expectations due to low volumes in the processing plants,
reduced brokerage volumes as a result of the economic situation in the Pacific
Rim, and lower commodity prices which reduced profit margins in this segment.
The Company continues its efforts to improve the overall profitability of the
remaining commercial plants located in Charlestown, Massachusetts, Franklin
Park, Illinois and Biddeford, Maine.
32
<PAGE> 34
Subsequent to December 31, 1998, the Company began negotiating with a third
party to sell the Franklin Park facility for an amount which approximates the
carrying cost of this facility. Management expects to complete this transaction
in 1999, though there can be no guarantee that this transaction can be
successfully completed.
The Commercial Recycling segment contains K-C, which operates a worldwide
secondary fiber and pulp brokerage operation. K-C markets the majority of the
materials processed and exported by the commercial recycling facilities. The
Company's strategy is to integrate the marketing capabilities of K-C, Atlantic
Cost and Gaccione to improve the prices available for the recyclable materials
and reduce costs by streamlining the operations of these units. The Company is
also focused on improving profitability through analysis of the profitability of
individual customer accounts and the installation of new information systems.
Finished Products Segment
The Company entered into a new line of business with the addition of the
manufacturing capabilities of FCR and First State. The Company's strategy is to
expand its capabilities in the creation of finished products which utilize
recyclable materials as a primary raw material in the manufacturing process.
This reduces the risk of commodity price fluctuations by offsetting changes in
the price of the recyclable materials produced by the Residential Recycling
segment with changes in the cost to manufacture the finished products produced
by the Finished Products segment. This strategy also offers the finished
products segment a secure supply of quality raw materials.
The Insulation Division manufactures cellulose insulation which is
primarily used in the construction of manufactured housing and single family
residential homes. The Company is the second largest producer of cellulose
insulation in the country. Throughout 1998, the Company operated five
manufacturing facilities located in Ronda, North Carolina; Tampa, Florida;
Phoenix, Arizona; Clackamas, Oregon and Delphos, Ohio. The Company constructed a
sixth plant in Waco, Texas, which began operations in February 1999. The
insulation produced by the Insulation Division is primarily sold to the
manufacturers of manufactured housing and insulation contractors throughout the
country. The primary raw material for the Insulation Division is ONP collected
from residential programs such as those operated by the Residential Recycling
segment. The ONP is received in a bale or loose form and processed through a
system of mills, screens, and filtration systems. It is chemically treated
utilizing a proprietary technique during the manufacturing process in order to
comply with all federal and state governmental requirements regarding fire
retardance.
The Plastics Division is a reprocessor of HDPE plastics collected
primarily from residential recycling programs and industrial suppliers. The
majority of the Plastics Division's raw materials are obtained from the
Residential Recycling segment. For most of the year, the Plastics Division
operated three manufacturing facilities located in Reidsville, North Carolina;
Rockingham, North Carolina; and Hamlet, North Carolina. However the Rockingham,
North Carolina plant was closed and the equipment relocated to Reidsville and
Hamlet during 1998. Plastics products are substitutes for "virgin" HDPE plastic
resin. Accordingly, the price of the Company's reprocessed plastics materials
varies based on the market price for "virgin" HDPE resin. In order to reduce its
vulnerability to price swings, the Company sells its reprocessed plastics under
a "tolling" arrangement. Under this arrangement, the price charged by the
Company fluctuates with the market price of the recycled plastics. Thus, the
risk of fluctuating prices for the recycled plastics is borne by the Company's
suppliers and customers.
The Plastics Division has a long-term contract with its largest customer,
which expires on August 31, 2000. This contract requires the customer to
purchase a specified quantity of plastic at prices determined by a tolling
formula defined in the contract. On December 23, 1998, the Company signed a
long-term contact with another large customer. Both customers produce finished
products adjacent to the Plastics Division facility in Reidsville, North
Carolina.
33
<PAGE> 35
The Plastic Division manufacturing plants are complementary to Manner
which is a broker of post-industrial and post-consumer plastics. The combination
of these capabilities will enable the Company to expand its capabilities in
plastic recycling and maintain its prominence in an expanding portion of the
recycling industry.
The Company's strategy is to continue expansion of its processing
capabilities in the Finished Products segment. This expansion will further
mitigate the impact of commodity price fluctuations on the Company's margins. It
also offers the Company the opportunity to continue its growth by entering
markets which are extensions of its capabilities in other business segments.
DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS
On July 19, 1996, DataFocus, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company,
executed an agreement with CIBER. Pursuant to the Agreement, DataFocus sold
substantially all of the assets of DataFocus' Business Systems Division, other
than cash and accounts receivable, to CIBER for $5.0 million, subject to
customary prorations. DataFocus retained cash, accounts receivables and
substantially all of the liabilities of its Business Systems Division that arose
prior to July 26, 1996. The net proceeds of such sale, including cash and
accounts receivable retained, less related liabilities, were approximately $4.3
million.
Additionally, on July 29, 1996, the Company sold the stock of DataFocus to
certain members of the management of DataFocus. Pursuant to the sale, the
Company received $5,000 in cash, the cancellation of stock options issued to
DataFocus management to purchase 132,328 shares of the Company's Common Stock,
the cancellation of an option to purchase 20% of the common stock of DataFocus
and a royalty agreement. The Company received royalties of $60,000 in 1998 and
1997.
A loss from discontinued operations of approximately $0.7 million for the
year ended December 31, 1996 resulted from the sale and disposal of the
Company's computer service division.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1998 COMPARED WITH YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1997
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
--------------------------------------------------------
(IN THOUSANDS)
1998 1997
------------------------ -----------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Revenues $ 192,977 100.0% $ 96,157 100.0%
Cost of operations 161,058 83.5% 76,646 79.7%
--------- ----- -------- -----
Gross Profit 31,919 16.5% 19,511 20.3%
Selling, general and administrative 7,729 4.0% 2,978 3.1%
--------- ----- -------- -----
Income from operations 24,190 12.5% 16,533 17.2%
Interest expense, net 10,667 5.5% 5,086 5.3%
Other income, net (390) (0.4%)
--------- ----- -------- -----
Income before minority interest, provision
(benefit) for income taxes and extraordinary item 13,523 7.0% 11,837 12.3%
Minority interest 5,408 2.8% 1,609 1.7%
Pre-acquisition earnings 4,722 4.9%
--------- ----- -------- -----
Income before provision (benefit) for income taxes
and extraordinary item 8,115 4.2% 5,506 5.7%
Provision (benefit) for income taxes 1,046 0.5% (2,586) (2.7%)
--------- ----- -------- -----
Income before extraordinary item 7,069 3.7% 8,092 8.4%
Extraordinary item - Loss on early extinguishment of
debt, net of minority interest and taxes (351) (0.2%)
--------- ----- -------- -----
Net income 6,718 3.5% 8,092 8.4%
Accretion and accrued and paid dividends on preferred (1,133) (0.6%) (1,408) (1.5%)
stock
--------- ----- -------- -----
Net income available to common shareholders $ 5,585 2.9% $ 6,684 6.9%
========= ===== ======== =====
</TABLE>
34
<PAGE> 36
As a result of the acquisitions completed in 1998, the Company began
reporting the results of operations by the following four segments:
waste-to-energy, residential recycling, commercial recycling and finished
products.
REVENUES
Consolidated revenue for the year ended December 31, 1998, compared with
the same period in 1997, increased approximately $96.8 million or 100.7%.
Waste-to-Energy Segment
The Waste-to-Energy segment consists of the operations of Maine Energy,
PERC, TERI, Specialty Waste, AART, BioFuels, TWM (acquired January 1998),
Multitrade (acquired June 1998), Russell Stull (acquired October 1998) and RTI
(acquired in November 1998). Total revenues for this business unit were
approximately $90.7 million for the year ended December 31, 1998, compared to
approximately $71.8 million for the same period in 1997. This represents an
increase of approximately $18.9 million or 26.3% for the year ended December 31,
1998 as compared to the same period in 1997.
Revenues in the Waste-to-Energy segment are primarily derived from waste
processing and electric power sales. Total tons received by Maine Energy and
PERC increased 2.0% and 4.1%, respectively, in 1998, compared to 1997. The
increases are due to higher MSW disposal rates in the areas proximate to the
facilities which improved the competitive pricing position for Maine Energy and
PERC. Waste processing revenues increased by approximately $2.6 million or 8.3%
for the year. This increase is a result of increased prices charged per ton
during 1998 versus 1997 of approximately 5.0% and additional revenues from the
Total Waste Management acquisition offset by a 12.2% decrease in volume versus
1997 as a result of lower volumes at TERI's Cairo facility.
Electric power revenues increased approximately $17.4 million or 44.3%
during the year. Revenues for the year were higher due to the restructuring of
the Bangor Hydro PPA in the second quarter. In connection with the
restructuring, the Company received $6.0 million in cash and an agreement from
BHE to pay the Company $250,000 per quarter over the next four years (a total of
$4.0 million). PERC recorded the present value of these payments of
approximately $3.6 million, plus the $6.0 million, as revenue during 1998. In
addition, BHE issued warrants to purchase one million shares of BHE common stock
to the partners of PERC. The Company's share, which was based upon its ownership
percentage at PERC, was approximately 713,000 warrants. The estimated fair
market value of these warrants as of the date of issuance was $5.35 per warrant
and the Company recorded revenue of approximately $3.8 million in the
twelve-month period. The remaining increase in revenues is a combination of the
acquisition of Multitrade, the increase in the price per kilowatt hour charged
during 1998 of 3% and the 1% increase in kilowatt hours as a result of a shorter
outage period for Timber in 1998.
Residential Recycling Segment
This segment includes the residential recycling plants of FCR (acquired
August 1998). This segment posted revenues of approximately $11.8 million for
1998 and there were no revenues from this segment for the same period in 1997
because the acquisition was completed in 1998.
Commercial Recycling Segment
The Commercial Recycling segment consists of the operations of Zaitlin
(acquired August 1997), K-C (acquired September 1997), the commercial recycling
plants acquired from Prins (acquired November 1997), and NJ Fibers, which
consists of the operations of Gaccione and Atlantic Coast (acquired August
1998). Total revenue for this segment for the year ended December 31, 1998 was
approximately $68.1 million compared to $17.7 million for the same period in
1997. This represents an increase in sales of approximately $50.4 million as
compared to the same period in 1997. The increase in revenues is primarily the
result of a full year of operations for K-C and Prins in 1998 as compared to
five months and
35
<PAGE> 37
six weeks of operations, respectively, in 1997 and the NJ Fibers acquisitions.
These increases were partially offset by lower commodity prices for paper fibers
in 1998.
Finished Products Segment
The Finished Products segment consists of the operations of Power Ship and
Manner (acquired November 1996), the cellulose insulation plants and the plastic
reprocessing plants of FCR (acquired August 1998), the plastic reprocessing
operations of First State (acquired August 1998) and the glass pellet processor
Seaglass (formed by KTI in February 1998). Total revenue for this segment for
the year ended December 31, 1998 was approximately $22.3 million compared to
approximately $6.5 million for the same period in 1997. This represents an
increase of approximately $15.8 million. The increase in revenues is primarily
the result of acquisitions discussed above which were partially offset by lower
revenues at Manner due to decreases in plastic prices in 1998.
COSTS AND EXPENSES
Waste-to-Energy Segment
Cost of operations in this segment were approximately $63.5 million during
the year ended December 31, 1998, compared to approximately $55.2 million during
1997. This represents an increase of approximately $8.3 million or 15.0%.
Electric power and waste handling operating costs are the primary costs within
this segment and these costs increased by approximately $7.4 million or 16.8%
during 1998 as compared to the same periods in 1997. This increase was primarily
a result of increased performance credits at PERC under the amended PPA of
approximately $3.5 million. The remaining increase was primarily a result of the
TWM and Multitrade acquisitions discussed above which had total costs of
operations of approximately $5.3 million. These increases were offset by a
decrease in costs at TERI of approximately $1.1 million. TERI incurred
additional costs during 1997 due to an extended shutdown at its Telogia
Facility.
Residential Recycling Segment
Cost of operations in this segment was approximately $10.4 million for
1998. The FCR facilities were acquired during 1998.
Commercial Recycling Segment
Cost of operations in this segment for the year ended December 31, 1998
were approximately $68.6 million in 1998 compared to approximately $17.2 million
in 1997. This represents an increase of approximately $51.4 million as compared
to the same period in 1997. This increase is due primarily to the acquisition of
Gaccione and Atlantic Coast in August 1998 as well as the inclusion of K-C and
the Prins facilities for a full year in 1998 compared to five months and six
weeks, respectively, in 1997.
Finished Products
Cost of operations in this segment for the year ended December 31, 1998
were approximately $21.5 million compared to approximately $6.4 million in 1997.
The increase was primarily a result of the acquisitions discussed above and this
increase was partially offset by lower purchase prices at Manner due to
decreases in plastics price in 1998.
OTHER ITEMS
Selling, general and administrative expenses increased by approximately
$4.8 million or 159.5% during 1998 compared to 1997. Notwithstanding selling,
general and administrative costs added through recent acquisitions, the Company
has added administrative staff to develop and install corporate-wide information
systems; to develop and support a formal strategic planning and budgeting
process; to support Company wide credit and collection efforts; to identify and
pursue potential mergers and acquisitions; and
36
<PAGE> 38
to develop internal analytical systems to identify revenue enhancement and cost
savings programs in newly acquired entities.
Interest expense increased approximately $5.6 million or 109.7% during
1998 compared to the same periods in 1997. These increases are related
principally to increased borrowings on the Company's line of credit to fund
several acquisitions, the conversion of the Series B Preferred Stock to
convertible debt, and the premium of approximately $1.4 million on the
conversion of the convertible debt to equity. These increases were partially
offset by lower interest rates at PERC as a result of the refinancing of the
bonds payable and lower debt levels at Maine Energy.
The income tax provision was approximately $1.0 million for 1998
compared to a benefit for income taxes of approximately $2.6 million in 1997.
The income tax provision includes a credit of approximately $3.2 million and
$5.1 million in 1998 and 1997, respectively, due to the reduction of the
valuation allowance for deferred tax assets as a result of the determination
that the Company will be able to utilize net operating loss carryfowards. In
addition, the 1998 income tax provision was impacted by higher amounts of
nondeductible goodwill.
The extraordinary loss represents the loss on early retirement of the PERC
bonds of approximately $0.4 million net of minority interest and income tax
benefits.
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1997 COMPARED WITH YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1996
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
------------------------------------------------------
(IN THOUSANDS)
1997 1996
------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Revenues $ 96,157 100.0% $ 68,508 100.0%
Cost of operations 76,646 79.7% 26,454 38.6%
-------- ----- -------- -----
Gross Profit 19,511 20.3% 42,054 61.4%
Selling, general and administrative 2,978 3.1% 2,389 3.5%
-------- ----- -------- -----
Income from operations 16,533 17.2% 39,665 57.9%
Interest expense, net 5,086 5.3% 4,464 6.5%
Other income, net (390) (0.4%) (37) (0.1%)
-------- ----- -------- -----
Income from continuing operations before minority
interest, benefit for income taxes and
extraordinary item 11,837 12.3% 35,238 51.4%
Minority interest 1,609 1.7% 18,610 27.2%
Pre-acquisition earnings 4,722 4.9%
-------- ----- -------- -----
Income from continuing operations before benefit
for income taxes and extraordinary item 5,506 5.7% 16,628 24.3%
Benefit for income taxes (2,586) (2.7%)
-------- ----- -------- -----
Income from continuing operations before 8,092 8.4% 16,628 24.3%
extraordinary item
Discontinued operations
Loss from discontinued operations (including a
loss on disposal of $549 and provision form income
taxes of $200) (714) (1.0%)
-------- ----- -------- -----
Income before extraordinary item 8,092 8.4% 15,914 23.2%
Extraordinary item - Loss on early extinguishment of
debt, net of minority interest and taxes (2,248) (3.3%)
-------- ----- -------- -----
Net income 8,092 8.4% 13,666 19.9%
Accretion and accrued and paid dividends on preferred (1,408) (1.5%)
stock
-------- ----- -------- -----
Net income available to common shareholders $ 6,684 6.9% $ 13,666 19.9%
======== ===== ======== =====
</TABLE>
REVENUES
37
<PAGE> 39
Waste-to-Energy
Revenue increased by approximately $3.3 million or 4.8% during the year
ended December 31, 1997 as compared to 1996. The net increase was a result of a
combination of increased sales of approximately $30.8 million with the
consolidation of PERC for financial reporting purposes during 1997 and
approximately $4.5 million for a full year effect of certain acquisitions during
1997. These increases were offset by a decrease in sale of capacity of
approximately $33.2 million during 1997. This sale of capacity was a one-time
transaction that resulted in sales of approximately $33.2 million in 1996.
Commercial Recycling and Finshed Products
Sales of recyclables and finshed products increased to approximately
$24.2 million in 1997 resulting from the acquisitions of Zaitlin, K-C and the
Prins facilities in 1997. Recycling included sales of waste paper, ferrous and
non-ferrous metals and plastic materials.
COSTS AND EXPENSES
Waste-to-Energy
Electric power waste handling operating costs increased by approximately
$28.7 million, or 108.6% for the year ended December 31, 1997 compared to 1996.
The increase resulted from the consolidation of PERC in 1997, which had costs
and expenses of approximately $17.8 million in 1997 and a full year effect of
certain acquisitions.
Commercial Recycling and Finshed Products
The increase in recycling costs of approximately $23.6 million principally
resulted from the 1997 acquisitions of K-C, Zaitlin and the Prins facilities, as
well as the inclusion of Manner for the entire year of 1997 compared to only one
month in 1996. These costs principally include the costs of acquired recyclables
for resale.
OTHER ITEMS
Selling, general and administrative expenses increased by approximately
$0.6 million or 24.7% for the year ended December 31, 1997 compared to 1996.
This increase was principally due to salaries of additional management personnel
and associated expenses resulting from the acquisitions of K-C, Zaitlin and the
Prins facilities in 1997, as well as the inclusion of TERI and Manner for a full
year in 1997 compared to only five weeks for 1996.
Depreciation and amortization for the year ended December 31, 1997
increased by approximately $2.6 million or 40.4% compared to 1996. The increase
is the result of the consolidation of PERC in 1997 and the inclusion of a full
year effect in 1997 of certain acquisitions, offset by a decrease in
depreciation at Maine Energy due to the full year effect of the change in
estimated useful lives of property, plant and equipment which was effective
beginning in the fourth quarter of 1996.
Interest, net, increased by approximately $0.6 million or 13.9% for the
year ended December 31, 1997 compared to 1996. This increase resulted from the
consolidation of PERC and the inclusion of a full year of interest for
acquisitions during the fourth quarter of 1996. These increases were partially
offset by a decrease in interest expense as a result of the repayments of $64.5
million in bonds payable and $29.5 million in subordinated debt at Maine Energy
and a continued reduction in outstanding debt at the Company.
Equity in net income of PERC was eliminated as a result of the
consolidation of PERC for 1997. Pre-acquisition minority earnings of
approximately $4.6 million for the nine month period ended September 30, 1997
are included in minority interest in 1997.
38
<PAGE> 40
Loss on sale of investments in 1996 was related to sales of securities in
connection with the early retirement of debt at Maine Energy. No such
transactions occurred in 1997.
Minority interest decreased approximately $12.3 million, or 66.0% for the
year ended December 31, 1997 compared to 1996. Minority interest in Maine Energy
decreased due principally to the non-recurring minority interest gain on sale of
capacity recorded at Maine Energy in 1996 of approximately $17.7 million. In
addition, minority interest was reduced due to the full year effect of the
purchase of additional partnership interest in Maine Energy by the Company in
1996 to its current 74.15% ownership level. These increases are offset in 1997
by the inclusion of $4,620 of pre-acquisition earnings in PERC and $685 minority
interest in earnings after the acquisition of the additional partnership
interest.
The tax benefit of approximately $2.6 million in 1997 is the result of
reduction in the Company's valuation allowance on net deferred tax assets. The
Company's ability to utilize its net operating loss carryforwards is limited as
discussed below. The tax benefit recorded in 1997 is based on management's
evaluation that the Company will be able to utilize all net operating loss and
alternative minimum credit carryforwards which are available to offset 1998 and
1999 income.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
The Company is a holding company and receives certain of its cash flows
from its subsidiaries. Receipt of cash flow from PERC is currently restricted by
covenants under loan agreements, distribution restrictions under partnership
agreements with PERC's equity investors, and put-or-pay agreements with
municipalities. Maine Energy's cash flow is required to retire the remaining
outstanding subordinated debt balance of approximately $12.9 million as of
December 31, 1998 before partners' cash distributions can begin (approximately
$8.6 million of these notes are owned by the Company). TERI's cash flow is
restricted by covenants under its bond agreements. As a result, the following
discussion is organized to present liquidity and capital resources of the
Company separate from Maine Energy, PERC and TERI and liquidity and capital
resources of each of Maine Energy, PERC and TERI independently.
THE COMPANY
The Company operates in industries that require a high level of capital
investment. The Company's capital requirements basically stem from (i) its
working capital for ongoing operations, (ii) capital expenditures for new plants
and equipment and (iii) business acquisitions. The Company's strategy is to meet
these capital needs from internally generated funds which are not contractually
restricted, drawings under its lines of credit and collateralized equipment
financing and proceeds from the sale of the Company's common stock.
On May 28, 1998 KeyBank increased its credit line to the Company from
$22.0 million to $30.0 million. On July 10, 1998, KTI closed on a $150.0 million
acquisition credit line from KeyBank. This line of credit can be utilized to
fund acquisitions, capital expenditures and for working capital. As of December
31, 1998, the Company was out of compliance with one of the covenants of the
agreement with KeyBank, for which a waiver was received prior to December 31,
1998. On May 12, 1999, the Company signed an amendment to the agreement with
KeyBank in which the covenants were amended. Management of the Company believes
that the Company will remain in compliance with the covenants in the amended
agreement. However, the Company's ability to meet these covenants is dependent
on its ability to substantially achieve its operating plan.
As of December 31, 1998, the Company had working capital of approximately
$42.8 million (ratio of current assets to current liabilities of 2.11:1) and a
cash balance of approximately $9.4 million which compared to working capital of
approximately $22.0 million (a ratio of current assets to current liabilities of
1.65:1) and a cash balance of approximately $11.2 million at December 31, 1997.
As of December 31, 1998, the Company had working capital and cash on hand
without regard to Maine Energy, PERC and TERI of approximately $12.9 million
(ratio of current assets to current liabilities of 1.41:1) and approximately
$3.9 million, respectively, which compared to a working capital deficit of
approximately $18,000 (a ratio of current assets to current liabilities of
0.99:1) and a cash balance of approximately $2.4 million at December 31, 1997.
39
<PAGE> 41
As of December 31, 1998, the Company had approximately $9.1 million of
availability on the revolving credit agreement. As of April 30, 1999, the
Company had approximately $22,000 available under the revolving credit
agreement. Though management of the Company believes that cash flows from its
subsidiaries will meet its current needs for working capital and capital
expenditures, the ability of the Company to expand its current operations is
dependent on cash flow from its subsidiaries. Management believes that the
Company has the ability to access additional facilities to fund capital
expenditures if needed; although no assurance can be given in this regard.
The Company's ability to make future acquisitions is also dependent on its
ability to increase its line of credit. The ability to increase the line of
credit is dependent on the Company's ability to raise additional equity or raise
capital from financial instruments which are subordinated to the KeyBank credit
line. Management believes that the Company has the ability to raise additional
capital if needed; however, there can be no assurances that this can be
accomplished at terms and conditions that would be acceptable to the Company.
The Company and its subsidiaries, other than Maine Energy, PERC and TERI,
at December 31, 1998 had indebtedness maturing in 1999 of approximately $6.4
million, including borrowings under existing revolving credit facilities. During
1998, the Company, other than Maine Energy, PERC and Timber Energy increased net
borrowings on the Company's line of credit facilities by approximately $133.6
million, primarily for business acquisitions and the refinancing of debt assumed
from these acquisitions.
In general, the Company's capital expenditures and working capital
requirements have increased as a result of the Company's business strategy of
growth through acquisitions. Management of the Company believes that cash flow
from operations will meet its current needs for liquidity.
MAINE ENERGY
Maine Energy has financed its operations and capital expenditures from
cash flows from operations. Cash provided by operations was approximately $5.3
million in 1998 compared to approximately $3.2 million in 1997. Maine Energy's
capital expenditures were approximately $2.8 million and $2.6 million during
1998 and 1997, respectively.
As of December 31, 1998 and December 31, 1997, Maine Energy had operating
cash of approximately $2.4 million and $0.7 million, respectively, and as
required under the terms of the credit agreement underlying its letter of
credit, Maine Energy has on account approximately $6.0 million and $7.7 million,
respectively, of additional reserves to be used under certain circumstances for
capital improvements, debt service, operating shortfalls and working capital
requirements. As of December 31, 1998, Maine Energy had total indebtedness of
approximately $12.9 million.
Management of the Company believes Maine Energy's cash flows from
operations and cash resources available will be sufficient to fund anticipated
capital expenditures and debt service requirements. Capital expenditures for
Maine Energy for the year ending December 31, 1999 are expected to be
approximately $1.0 million, of which $0.2 million has been set aside in the
above mentioned reserve accounts.
PERC
PERC has financed its operations and capital expenditures primarily by
cash flow from operations. Cash provided by operations was approximately $11.7
million in 1998 compared to approximately $11.3 million in 1997. PERC's capital
expenditures were approximately $0.8 million and $0.4 million during 1998 and
1997, respectively.
On June 26, 1998 KTI completed a major restructuring of the various
contracts and obligations of PERC, which included refinancing PERC's tax exempt
bonds. The refinancing was made possible through
40
<PAGE> 42
the sale of approximately $45.0 million in Electric Rate Stabilization Revenue
Refunding Bonds issued by FAME. The proceeds, plus certain funds from operations
were utilized to repay the outstanding Revenue Bonds. The interest rate on the
bonds ranges from 3.75% for one-year bonds to 5.20% for 20-year term bonds. The
refinancing will reduce PERC's debt service costs while extending its payment
obligation over 20 years.
As of December 31, 1998, in addition to PERC's operating cash of
approximately $2.3 million, PERC, as required under the terms of the trust
indenture governing the FAME Bonds, had on account approximately $14.2 million
of additional cash reserves to be used for capital improvements, debt service,
operating shortfalls and working capital requirements.
Company management believes PERC's cash flows from operations and cash
resources available will be sufficient to fund anticipated capital expenditures
and debt service requirements. PERC plans capital expenditures for the year
ending December 31, 1999 of approximately $1.1 million which principally has
been set aside in the above-mentioned reserve accounts.
TERI
TERI has financed its operations and capital expenditures primarily by
cash flows from operations. Cash provided by operations was approximately $2.1
million in 1998 and approximately $1.8 million in 1997. TERI's capital
expenditures were approximately $0.4 million during 1998 and approximately $1.3
million during 1997.
During 1997, TERI retired $13.4 million of variable rate revenue bonds and
paid certain debt financing costs with $13,708 of proceeds from two 1997
Industrial Development Revenue Bond issues (the "1997 Bonds") and cash on hand.
The outstanding 1997 Bonds carry interest at a fixed rate of 7% and have annual
sinking fund payments due each December 1 with a final payment due December 1,
2002. As of December 31, 1998, TERI had total indebtedness of approximately
$11.6 million.
As of December 31, 1998 and 1997, in addition to TERI's operating cash of
approximately $0.8 million and $0.9 million, respectively, TERI, as required
under the terms of its then-existing debt agreements, had on account
approximately $2.1 million of reserves to be used under certain circumstances
for capital improvements, debt service, operating shortfalls and working capital
requirements at December 31, 1998 and 1997.
Management believes TERI's cash flows from operations and cash resources
available will be sufficient to fund anticipated capital expenditures and debt
service requirements. Capital expenditures for TERI for the year ending December
31, 1999 are expected to be approximately $0.4 million. TERI intends to finance
the requirements through cash flow from operations.
TAX LOSS CARRYFORWARDS
At December 31, 1998, the Company had net operating loss carryforwards of
approximately $51.0 million for income tax purposes that expire in years 2002
through 2018 and are subject to the limitations as described below. In addition,
the Company has general business credit carryforwards of approximately $0.5
million that expire in the years 1999 through 2006 and alternative minimum tax
credit carryfowards of approximately $0.9 million that are not subject to
limitation.
The Tax Reform Act of 1986 enacted a complex set of rules limiting the
potential utilization of net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards in
periods following a corporate "ownership change." In general, for federal income
tax purposes, an ownership change is deemed to occur if the percentage of stock
of a loss corporation owned (actually, constructively and, in some cases,
deemed) by one or more "5% shareholders" has increased by more than fifty (50)
percentage points over the lowest percentage of such stock owned during a
three-year testing period.
41
<PAGE> 43
During 1994, such a change in ownership occurred of the Company. As a
result of the change, the Company's ability to utilize its net operating loss
carryforwards and general business credits will be limited to approximately $1.2
million of taxable income, or approximately $0.4 million of equivalent credit
per year. This limitation may be increased if the Company recognizes a gain on
the disposition of an asset which had a fair market value greater than its tax
basis on the date of the ownership change.
In conjunction with the acquisition of TERI, FCR and TWM, the Company
recorded additional net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $25.6
million, $12.5 million and $0.5 million respectively, which are also subject to
a corporate "ownership change". As a result of the change, the Company's ability
to utilize the net operating loss carryforwards related to these entities is
limited to approximately $1.0 million, $3.2 million and $0.1 million,
respectively, per year.
ENVIRONMENTAL CONTINGENCIES
While increasing environmental regulation often presents new business
opportunities to the Company, Maine Energy, PERC and TERI, it likewise often
results in increased operating costs as well. The Company, Maine Energy, PERC
and TERI strive to conduct their operations in compliance with applicable laws
and regulations, including environmental rules and regulations, and have as
their goal 100% compliance with such laws and regulations. This effort requires
programs to promote compliance, such as training employees and customers,
purchasing health and safety equipment, and in some cases hiring outside
consultants and lawyers. Even with these programs, management of the Company
believes that in the ordinary course of doing business, companies in the
environmental services and waste disposal industry are faced with governmental
enforcement proceedings resulting in fines or other sanctions and will likely be
required to pay civil penalties or to expend funds for remedial work on waste
management facilities.
The TERI Telogia facility is currently in violation of its Waste Water
Discharge Permit (the "Permit"). This violation involves the temperature of the
water used in the cooling process and in the opinion of management, does not
involve a significant environmental issue. The Company has requested a
modification to the permit from the Florida Department of Environmental
Protection to change the monitoring procedures and enable the Company to operate
in compliance with the permit.
At December 31, 1998, there were no pending governmental environmental
enforcement proceedings where the Company, Maine Energy, PERC or TERI believe
potential monetary sanctions will exceed $0.1 million. The possibility always
exists that substantial expenditures could result from governmental proceedings,
which would have a negative impact on earnings for a particular reporting
period. More importantly, federal, state and local regulators have the power to
suspend or revoke permits or licenses needed for operation of the plants,
equipment, and vehicles of the Company, Maine Energy, PERC or any other
operating subsidiary of the Company based on the applicable company's compliance
record, and customers may decide not to use a particular disposal facility or do
business with a company because of concerns about its compliance record.
Suspension or revocation of permits or licenses would have a negative impact on
the Company's business and operations and could have a material adverse impact
on the Company's financial results.
INFLATION
The effect of inflation on operating costs has been minimal in the past
three (3) years. Most of the Company's operating expenses are inflation
sensitive, with increases in inflation generally resulting in increased costs of
operation. The effect of inflation-driven cost increases on each of the
Company's project's overall operating costs is not expected to be greater for
such project than for its respective competitor's projects. In addition, each of
Maine Energy and PERC and the majority of the Residential Recycling contracts
can contractually increase its waste processing fees to municipal customers
annually based on inflation.
YEAR 2000 ISSUE
42
<PAGE> 44
Year 2000 compliance is the ability of computer hardware and software to
respond to the problems posed by the fact that computer programs have
traditionally been written using two digits rather than four to define the
applicable year. As a consequence, unless modified, computer systems will not be
able to differentiate between the year 2000 and 1900. Systems must also
recognize the Year 2000 as a leap year. Failure to address this problem could
result in system failures and the generation of erroneous data. This could
potentially impact the Company's ability to perform its obligations under
long-term contracts which could result in legal and other liabilities which
would have a material adverse effect on the Company.
The Company is in the process of contacting its customers and vendors and
has received letters from each of its applications vendors stating that the
majority of the Company's information technology systems, such as accounting,
data processing, plant operations systems and telephone/PBX systems, are Year
2000 compliant. Several insignificant software applications representing 20% of
the Company's applications are not Year 2000 compliant. They are scheduled to be
replaced or upgraded by Year 2000 compliant versions of the applications from
the vendor by the end of the third quarter of 1999. The Company has also begun
an assessment of its non-information technology systems, such as its security
systems and telephones, to determine if they are Year 2000 compliant. The
Company plans to initiate formal communications with the vendors of its
remaining non-information technology systems. Based on its assessment to date,
the Company is not aware that any of its non-information technology systems will
not be Year 2000 compliant prior to the Year 2000.
The Company has also begun an assessment of its significant vendors,
suppliers, and service providers to determine the extent to which the Company is
vulnerable to those third parties' failure to remediate their own Year 2000
compliance issues. To date, the Company has determined, based on information
published or otherwise provided by such third parties, that all of such parties'
systems are or will be Year 2000 compliant. The Company plans to initiate formal
communications with the remaining third parties with whom the Company has a
significant relationship. Based on its assessment to date, the Company is not
aware that any of its significant vendors, suppliers and service providers will
not be Year 2000 compliant prior to the Year 2000.
The following table summarizes the status of the Company's Year 2000 compliance
program:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ASSESSMENT REMEDIATION TESTING IMPLEMENTATION
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Information 85% Complete 65% Complete 65% Complete 65% Complete
Technology
Expected completion Expected completion Expected completion
date, September 1999 date, September 1999 date, September 1999
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Operating 75% Complete 60% Complete 60% Complete 60% Complete
Equipment with
Embedded Chips or Expected completion Expected completion Expected completion
Software date, June 1999 date, June 1999 date, June 1999
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
43
<PAGE> 45
<TABLE>
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
3rd Party 80% Complete 80% Complete for 80% Complete for 80% Complete for system
for system system interface. system interface. interface.
interface.66%
Complete for Develop contingency Expected completion Expected completion
all other plans as appropriate, date for system date for system
material June 1999. interface work, June interface work, June
exposures. 1999 1999
Expected Implement contingency
completion date plans or other
for surveying alternatives as
all third necessary, August 1999.
parties, June
1999
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
In addition to the assessments and investigations described above, the
Company has conducted tests of all of its internal information and
non-information technology systems and all of its system interfaces with
significant vendors, suppliers and service providers to ensure Year 2000
compliance. All of the Company's accounting and data processing equipment is
based on microcomputer hardware and related software, of which 80% has been
certified as Year 2000 compliant by the applicable manufacturer or developer.
However, the Company has determined that the plant control systems may contain
embedded technology which is not Year 2000 compliant. The Company has ordered
the hardware containing the embedded logic to replace the hardware that is not
Year 2000 compliant with hardware which is Year 2000 compliant. In addition,
these systems will be tested during scheduled outage periods at the plants
during the second and third quarters of 1999. However, despite the Company's
efforts to ensure that its internal systems and the systems of its significant
vendors, suppliers and service providers are Year 2000 compliant, there can be
no guarantee that the failure of certain systems will not have a material
adverse effect on the Company.
To date, the Company has utilized internal resources to reprogram, or
replace, test, and implement the software and hardware modifications for Year
2000. The only costs incurred by the Company have been the salary costs of its
internal staff of four. To date, the Company has incurred approximately $50 ($30
expensed and $20 capitalized for new systems and equipment), related to all
phases of the Year 2000 project. The Company estimates that the remaining
project costs will be less than $0.1 million for the purchase of new software
and hardware and approximately $0.1 million of internal resources. Although at
the current time, the Company expects that it will be able to complete its Year
2000 compliance program using only internal resources, there can be no assurance
that the Company will not require external resources to complete its Year 2000
compliance program.
The most significant risk identified by the Company is the inability of
the power plants to generate electric power. The Company has received assurances
that the process control systems will be Year 2000 compliant with the
installation of new hardware components. The Company will perform a complete
test of the systems during the planned outage periods that are to be completed
by the end of the third quarter of 1999. In addition, the Company has developed
contingency plans for this risk as well as other internal and external
applications which involve, among other actions, manual workarounds, increasing
inventories and adjusting staffing strategies. The impact of this risk could
include default under the Power Purchase Agreements with customers and a loss of
electric power revenue. The Company is unable to reasonably estimate the impact
of this risk; however, there can be no guarantee that this risk will not have a
material adverse effect on the Company. There is also no guarantee that the
Company has identified all the significant risks associates with Year 2000
compliance.
44
<PAGE> 46
RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
Recent accounting pronouncements which are not required to be adopted at
December 31, 1998, include the following Statement of Financial Accounting
Standards ("SFAS") and the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants
Statements of Position ("SOP"):
SFAS No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging
Activities, which will be required to be adopted by the Company as of January 1,
2000, establishes standards for derivative instruments including those embedded
in other contracts and for hedging activities. The new standard requires the
Company to recognize all derivatives as either assets or liabilities and measure
those instruments at fair value. Management believes that the adoption of SFAS
No. 133 will not have a material impact on the Company's financial statements.
SOP 98-1, Accounting for Costs of Computer Software Developed or Obtained
for Internal Use is required to be adopted by the Company as of January 1, 2000.
The Company's current policy falls within the guidelines of SOP 98-1. Also, SOP
98-5, Reporting on the Costs of Start-Up Activities is required to be adopted by
the Company as of January 1, 2000. Management believes that the adoption of SOP
98-5 will not have a material impact on the Company's financial statements.
ITEM 7a. QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE DISCLOSURE ABOUT MARKET RISK
The Company currently utilizes no material derivative financial
instruments which expose the Company to significant market risk. The Company is
exposed to cash flow and fair value risk due to changes in interest rates with
respect to its debt. The table below presents principal cash flows and related
weighted average interest rates of the Company's debt at December 31, 1998 by
expected maturity dates. Weighted average variable rates are based on forward
rates in United States Government Treasury Constant Maturities at December 31,
1998. Forward rates should not be considered a predictor of actual future
interest rates.
INTEREST RATE SENSITIVITY
PRINCIPAL AMOUNT BY EXPECTED MATURITY
(IN THOUSANDS)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 THEREAFTER FAIR VALUE
---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---------- ----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Fixed Rate Debt $4,965 $ 5,959 $ 5,104 $6,742 $2,065 $50,476 $ 75,386
Average Interest Rate 6.45% 6.40% 6.95% 6.32% 6.34% 5.13%
Variable Rate Debt $4,810 $138,628 $143,728
Average Interest Rate 8.18% 8.21%
</TABLE>
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
The consolidated financial statements of the Company for the year ended
December 31, 1998 and 1997 with regard to consolidated balance sheets, and the
years ended December 31, 1998, 1997 and 1996, with regard to consolidated
statements of income, shareholders' equity and cash flows, together with the
reports of independent auditors thereon and related schedules appear on pages
F-1 to F-35.
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
Not applicable.
45
<PAGE> 47
PART III
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT
The following table sets forth information concerning the directors and
executive officers of the Company.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Name Age Position
- ---- --- --------
<S> <C> <C>
Ross Pirasteh.................. 61 Chairman of the Board of Directors
Paul A. Garrett................ 52 Vice Chairman of the Board of Directors
Martin J. Sergi................ 41 President and Director
Brian J. Noonan................ 39 Chief Financial Officer
David E. Hill.................. 57 Chief Operating Officer and Senior Vice President
Robert E. Wetzel............... 61 Senior Vice President, General Counsel & Secretary
Samuel M. Zaitlin.............. 50 Senior Vice President
Dibo Attar..................... 59 Director
Ken (Kook Joo) Choi............ 56 President of K-C International and Director
Paul Kleinaitis................ 40 Director
Jack Polak..................... 86 Director
Wilbur L. Ross, Jr............. 61 Director
George Mitchell................ 64 Director
Carlos Aguero.................. 46 Director
W. Chris Hegele................ 49 Director
</TABLE>
Ross Pirasteh has been employed by the Company since January 1, 1996 and
became a director of the Company on May 14, 1996. Mr. Pirasteh was elected as
the Chairman of the Executive Committee of the Board of Directors on February
28, 1997 and as Chairman of the Board of Directors on September 16, 1997. Mr.
Pirasteh was also appointed to the board of directors of Oakhurst on January 19,
1999. Mr. Pirasteh served as a management consultant to KTI from 1995 to 1996,
providing consulting with respect to bank financing and structural organization.
In 1994, he also acted as a consultant for various other companies, with respect
to bank financing and capital funding. Mr. Pirasteh has also been an
entrepreneurial investor for the past five years, investing his personal funds
in real estate and privately held companies.
Paul Garrett has been employed by the Company since August 28, 1998, when
the acquisition of FCR was completed. Currently, he serves as the Company's Vice
Chairman of the Board of Directors as well as the Executive Committee and
actively manages the Company's recycling activities. Prior to the acquisition of
FCR, Mr. Garrett had served as FCR's President and Chief Executive Officer for 7
years.
Martin J. Sergi has been a senior executive officer and director of the
Company since 1985 and currently serves as Director and President of the
Company. He also serves as President of each of the Company's subsidiaries other
than Data Destruction Services, Inc., K-C, Manner, Power Ship, Seaglass and TWM.
Mr. Sergi is a Member of the Nominating and Executive Committees of the Board.
Mr. Sergi was also appointed to the board of directors of Oakhurst on January
19, 1999. He is licensed as a certified public accountant in New York.
Brian Noonan has been employed by the Company since August, 1998, when the
acquisition of FCR was completed. Currently, he is the Company's Chief Financial
Officer. Prior to the acquisition of FCR, Mr. Noonan had been FCR's Chief
Financial Officer, a position he had held for two years. He had held other
senior management positions since joining FCR in 1994.
David E. Hill has been affiliated with the Company since January 1994 when
he was employed as the Company's Senior Vice President, Business Development.
Mr. Hill was elected to the position of Chief Operating Officer on September 16,
1997.
46
<PAGE> 48
Robert E. Wetzel has been employed by the Company as Senior Vice
President, Secretary and General Counsel on July 31, 1995. From 1991 until June
30, 1995, Mr. Wetzel was a Vice President and Associate General Counsel of
Continental Casualty Company, a subsidiary of CNA Financial Corporation.
Samuel M. Zaitlin has been a Senior Vice President of the Company since
1997 and is the President of Zaitlin. Prior to the acquisition of Zaitlin by the
Company, Mr. Zaitlin was President of Zaitlin since 1981.
Dibo Attar had served as a director of CSI from April 1989 until its
merger with and into the Company on February 8, 1995 (the "Merger"). He has been
a director of the Company since February 8, 1995. Mr. Attar is an investor and a
business consultant to domestic and international companies including various
companies which have extended financing to KTI. Mr. Attar is Chairman of the
Board of Directors of T.H. Lehman & Co., Incorporated, which is engaged in
medical accounts receivable financing and a director of Newpark Resources, Inc.,
which is engaged in providing oil field services. Mr. Attar is a member of the
Audit Committee and the Nominating Committee.
Ken (Kook Joo) Choi has been the President and chief executive officer of
K-C since 1974. He has served as a director of the Company since the acquisition
of K-C by the Company.
Paul Kleinaitis is a Vice President of First Analysis Corporation and has
been employed in such position since 1990. Mr. Kleinaitis is a member of the
Audit Committee and the Compensation Committee. He has served as a director of
the Company since 1997.
Jack Polak had served as a director of CSI from August 1993 until the
Merger. He has been a director of the Company since February 8, 1995. He has
been a private investment consultant since April 1982. Since 1955, Mr. Polak has
served in various positions for Equity Interest, Inc., a registered investment
advisor located in New York City, most recently as President, to supervise the
liquidation of that company, which is currently in the final stages of
liquidation. He serves as a director of C.C.A. Industries, Inc., a public
company from East Rutherford, N.J., which is engaged in the manufacture and
distribution of health and beauty aid products. Mr. Polak holds a tax consultant
certification in the Netherlands. Mr. Polak is a member of the Audit Committee
and the Compensation Committee.
George J. Mitchell has been a director of KTI since 1998. Senator Mitchell
is special counsel to the law firm of Verner, Liipfert, Bernhard, McPherson &
Hand in Washington, D.C. and senior counsel to the firm of Preti, Flaherty,
Beliveau & Pachios in Portland, Maine. He also serves as an advisor to B.T.
Wolfensohn, an investment banking firm. He served as a United States Senator for
fifteen years beginning in 1980, and was Senate Majority Leader from 1989 to
1995. Senator Mitchell is a member of the board of directors of UNUM
Corporation, a disability insurance company, FDC corporation, an international
provider of transportation and delivery services, Xerox Corporation, a
manufacturer of photocopier equipment, The Walt Disney Company, an entertainment
company, and Staples, Inc., an office supply company. He is also a trustee to
Starwood Hotels & Resorts. He has also served as chairman of the peace
negotiations in Northern Ireland, the ethics committee of the U.S. Olympic
Committee and the National Health Care Commission.
Wilbur L. Ross, Jr. has been a director of KTI since 1997. Mr. Ross
has been a Managing Director of Rothschild Inc., an investment banking firm,
since 1976 and senior managing director since 1988. He is chief executive
officer and director of News Communications, Inc., a publisher of community
oriented newspapers. He is a member of the board of Mego Financial Corp., a
premier developer of timeshare properties, and Syms Corp., a clothing
retailer. Mr. Ross is a member of the Compensation Committee.
Carlos E. Aguero joined the Board of Directors in August of 1998. Prior to
that, he had been on the Board of Directors of FCR since May, 1997. Mr. Aguero
is also the founder, Chairman, and CEO of Metalico, Inc., a privately held
company in the metals recycling, refining, smelting, and manufacturing business.
From 1988 to 1997, Mr. Aguero was President, Chief Executive Officer, and
Director of Continental Waste Industries, Inc., a firm which he had founded.
47
<PAGE> 49
W. Chris Hegele joined the Board of Directors in August of 1998. Prior to
that, he had been on the Board of Directors of FCR since 1990. Mr. Hegele has
been a general partner of Kitty Hawk Capital since 1984 after spending seven
years with Arthur Andersen LLP. Mr. Hegele is on the Board of Directors of
several privately owned companies in which Kitty Hawk Capital is an investor.
He is a member of several venture capital and entrepreneurship associations.
Mr. Hegele is a graduate of the University of North Carolina at Wilmington, and
received his MBA from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
All directors of the Company hold office until their respective successors
are elected and qualified, or until their death, resignation or removal.
Officers of the Company serve at the discretion of the Board of Directors. There
are no family relationships between any directors or executive officers of the
Company.
SECTION 16(a) BENEFICIAL OWNERSHIP REPORTING COMPLIANCE
Based solely upon a review of Forms 3 and 4 and amendments thereto
furnished to the Company pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 16a-3(e) during its
fiscal year ended December 31, 1998, Form 5 and amendments thereto furnished to
the Company with respect to its fiscal year ended December 31, 1998, and any
written representation from a reporting person that no Form 5 was required to be
filed, no person who was a director, officer, beneficial owner of more than ten
percent (10%) of Common Stock or otherwise subject to Section 16 of the Exchange
Act with respect to the Company failed to file on a timely basis, as disclosed
in the above Forms, reports required by Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act during
the Company's fiscal year ended December 31, 1998.
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The following summary compensation table sets forth certain information
with respect to compensation paid by KTI during the three year period ended
December 31, 1998 to the chief executive officer and the four other most highly
compensated executive officers during KTI's fiscal year ended December 31, 1998.
SUMMARY COMPENSATION (1)(2)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
LONG-TERM
COMPENSATION
AWARDS (3)
SECURITIES ALL OTHER
UNDERLYING COMPENSATION
NAME AND PRINCIPAL POSITION YEAR SALARY ($) BONUS ($)(4) OPTIONS (#) ($)(5)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Martin J. Sergi 1998 $227,885 0 100,000 $490,447
President 1997 210,000 0 75,000 7,000
1996 203,461 $145,000 26,250 6,000
Ross Pirasteh 1998 $227,885 0 100,000 0
Chairman of the Board 1997 208,750 $50,000 75,000 $7,000
1996 155,000 0 26,250 0
Ken (Kook Joo) Choi 1998 $170,912 0 5,000 0
Senior Vice President 1997 76,154 0 0 0
1996 0 0 0 0
David E. Hill 1998 $152,385 0 25,000 $56,394
Senior Vice President 1997 132,115 0 20,000 7,000
1996 114,038 $32,303 21,000 5,854
Robert E. Wetzel 1998 $152,885 0 25,000 $53,662
</TABLE>
48
<PAGE> 50
<TABLE>
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Senior Vice President, 1997 152,885 0 15,000 7,000
Secretary, & General Counsel 1996 151,923 0 10,500 3,115
</TABLE>
(1) The Company did not pay nor provide other forms of annual compensation
(such as perquisites) to any of the named executive officers having a
value exceeding the lesser of $50,000 or 10% of the total annual salary
and bonus reported for such officers.
(2) The compensation actually paid to Mr. Sergi for the two years 1996 and
1997 was $200,911 and $314,038, respectively. The balance of his salary
was accrued. Accrued and unpaid salary and, for 1996, the bonus, were
applied against unpaid sums due to the Company by Mr. Sergi pursuant to
certain notes, in the following amounts: $38,524 for the year 1996 and
$2,650 for the year 1997. Mr. Choi joined the Company upon the acquisition
of K-C in September of 1997. The 1997 figure includes his salary from that
point onward.
(3) In 1996, Mr. Sergi was granted 26,250 options under the 1994 Long-Term
Incentive Award Plan. In 1997 and 1998, Mr. Sergi was granted 25,000
options under the same Plan. The additional 50,000 options in 1997 and
75,000 options in 1998 were non-plan options. In 1996, Mr. Pirasteh was
granted 26,250 options under the 1994 Long-Term Incentive Award Plan. In
1997 and 1998, Mr. Pirasteh was granted 25,000 options under the same
Plan. The additional 50,000 options in 1997 and 75,000 options in 1998
were non-plan options. The options granted to Mr. Hill, Mr. Wetzel and Mr.
Choi in all years were granted under the 1994 Long-Term Incentive Award
Plan.
The number of shares indicated give effect to the 5% stock dividend paid
on March 28, 1997.
(4) Mr. Sergi was to be paid a bonus aggregating approximately $500,000 for
1996 under the formula in his employment agreement with the Company.
Pursuant to a letter agreement with the Board of Directors, Mr. Sergi
agreed to reduce such bonus to $145,000. Mr. Sergi was entitled to receive
a bonus of approximately $120,000 and $250,000 for 1997 and 1998 pursuant
to his employment agreement, but Mr. Sergi waived receipt of such bonuses.
(5) The other compensation for Mr. Sergi in 1998 is comprised of $490,447 in
earnings on the exercise of stock options at prices below the market value
of the Common Stock. Mr. Sergi also received a $6,000 contribution to the
Savings Plan (as described below) for 1996 and $7,000 in 1997. Mr.
Pirasteh received contributions of $7,000 to the Savings Plan in 1997. The
other compensation for Mr. Hill in 1996 is comprised of $56,394 in
earnings on the exercise of stock options at prices below the market value
of the Common Stock. Mr. Hill received a $5,854 contribution to the
Savings Plan in 1996 and a $7,000 contribution for 1997. The other
compensation for Mr. Wetzel in 1998 is comprised of $53,662 in earnings on
the exercise of stock options at prices below the market value of the
Common Stock. Mr. Wetzel received contributions of $3,115 to the Savings
Plan in 1996 and $7,000 in 1997.
The employment agreement with Martin J. Sergi provides for his employment
as President of the Company. His annual base salary was increased from $185,000
to $210,000, effective as of May 1996, and from $210,000 to $250,000 effective
as of August 1998. Prior to the most recent amendment, Mr. Sergi was entitled to
a bonus of 2% of pre-tax consolidated net income of the Company and its
subsidiaries of between $3,000,000 and $4,000,000; 4% of pre-tax consolidated
net income of the Company and its subsidiaries between $4,000,001 and
$5,000,000; and 6% of pre-tax consolidated net income of the Company and its
subsidiaries over $5,0000,000. Mr. Sergi was entitled to a bonus of
approximately $500,000 for 1996 under the formula in his employment agreement
with the Company. Pursuant to a letter agreement with the Board of Directors,
such bonus was reduced to $145,000. For 1997, Mr. Sergi was entitled to a bonus
of approximately $120,000, but Mr. Sergi waived receipt of such bonus.
Currently, Mr. Sergi will receive a bonus based on the attainment of certain
goals set by the Board of Directors. The agreement has a three (3) year term and
may be extended for additional one-year periods. The agreement also provides
that Mr. Sergi shall participate in any employee benefit plans established for
senior management of the Company, that he is entitled to payments not in excess
of $700 per month as an
49
<PAGE> 51
automobile allowance, that the Company will pay premiums for $250,000 of term
life insurance on his life and that he will be entitled to participate in a
disability plan maintained by the Company. The Company has also agreed that Mr.
Sergi will be entitled to participate in an incentive stock option plan for
senior management.
The Company has agreed with Mr. Sergi that if his employment terminates
other than by reason of his death, retirement, disability or for cause, or if he
should elect to terminate his employment as a result of "good reason," he is
entitled to continue receiving his annual base salary for a period of three (3)
years and is also entitled to receive payment of an amount intended to
compensate him for retirement benefits he would have received had he remained in
the Company's employ until retirement. "Good reason" is defined to mean, among
other things, (i) the assignment to the employee of materially different duties
than those existing at the commencement of the agreement or which require travel
significantly more time consuming than that required at the commencement of the
agreement and (ii) the reduction of employee's authority as a senior executive
officer. However, Mr. Sergi may not terminate the employment agreement for
reasons specified in clause (i) above more than six (6) months following a
"change-of-control" of the Company, as defined in the employment agreement.
COMPENSATION OF DIRECTORS
In 1998, the Company paid each non-employee director a fee of $12,500
per annum. In 1997 and 1996, the Company paid each non-employee director a
fee of $7,500 per annum. Non-employee directors also participate in the KTI,
Inc. Directors' Stock Option Plan. See "Plans -- KTI, Inc. Directors' Stock
Option Plan". Employee directors currently do not receive an additional fee
for their services as directors.
PLANS
1994 Long-Term Incentive Award Plan. The Company has adopted the 1994
Long-Term Incentive Award Plan (the "KTI Incentive Plan") covering 383,333
shares of Common Stock pursuant to which officers and key employees of the
Company and its subsidiaries designated as senior executives are eligible to
receive incentive and/or nonstatutory stock options, awards of shares of Common
Stock and stock appreciation rights (a "Right"). An additional 500,000 shares of
Common Stock were made available to be granted under the KTI Incentive Plan in
1997. A further 500,000 shares were made available in 1998. The KTI Incentive
Plan, which expires on July 6, 2004 (the "Termination Date"), is administered by
the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors (the "Committee"). The
purposes of the KTI Incentive Plan are to assist in attracting, retaining, and
motivating senior executives and to promote the identification of their
interests with those of the shareholders of the Company.
Incentive stock options granted under the KTI Incentive Plan are
exercisable during the period commencing six (6) months from the date of the
grant of the option and terminating not more than ten (10) years from the date
of grant at an exercise price which is not less than the fair market value of
the Common Stock of the Company on the date of the grant. To the extent that the
aggregate fair market value, as of the date of grant, of the shares into which
incentive stock options become exercisable for the first time by an optionee
during the calendar year exceeds $100,000, the portion of such option which is
in excess of the $100,000 limitation will be treated as a nonstatutory stock
option.
Rights granted under the KTI Incentive Plan are exercisable during the
period commencing six (6) months from the date of the grant of the Right (except
in event of death or disability of the holder) and terminating not more than ten
(10) years from the date of the grant of the Right, or in the case of a Right
related to an option, the expiration of the related option. In addition, a Right
may be exercised only when the fair market value of a share exceeds either the
fair market value per share on the date of grant of the Right or the base price
of the Right (which is determined by the Committee) if it is not a Right related
to an option. A Right related to an option may be exercised only when and to the
extent the option is able to be exercised.
Incentive shares may be issued as provided in the agreement with the
recipient, based upon the achievement of the performance standards set forth in
the agreement. The Committee must certify in
50
<PAGE> 52
writing prior to the issuance of the incentive shares that the standards set
forth in the agreement were satisfied. The standards may be based on earnings or
earnings growth, return on assets, equity or investment, specified improvement
of financial ratings, achievement of specified balance sheet or income statement
objectives, or stock price, sales or market share and may be based on changes in
such factors or measured against or in relationship to the same objective
factors of other companies comparably or similarly situated. No options, Rights
or incentive shares may be granted under the KTI Incentive Plan after the
Termination Date. The options and Rights are presently non-transferable during
the life of the grantee. No participant in the KTI Incentive Plan is currently
entitled to receive grants of options and Rights and awards of incentive shares
in the aggregate exceeding 25,000 shares per year.
The Committee has the authority to interpret the provisions of the KTI
Incentive Plan, to prescribe, amend and rescind rules and regulations relating
to it and to make all determinations deemed necessary or advisable for its
administration, including the individuals to whom grants are made and the type,
vesting, timing, amount, exercise price and other terms of such grants.
The Board of Directors may amend or terminate the KTI Incentive Plan
except that shareholder approval is required to effect any change to increase
materially the aggregate number of shares that may be issued under the KTI
Incentive Plan (unless adjusted to reflect changes such as a stock dividend,
stock split, recapitalization, merger or consolidation of the Company), to
modify materially the requirements as to eligibility to receive options, Rights
or incentive shares or to increase materially the benefits accruing to
participants. No action taken by the Board may materially and adversely affect
any outstanding grant or award without the consent of the holder.
The Committee may also modify, extend or renew outstanding options or
Rights or accept the surrender of outstanding options or Rights granted under
the KTI Incentive Plan and authorize the granting of new options and Rights
pursuant to the KTI Incentive Plan in substitution thereof, including specifying
a longer term than the surrendered options or Rights, provided that the
Committee may not specify or lower the exercise price further than the
surrendered option or Right. Further, the Committee may modify the terms of any
outstanding agreement providing for the award of incentive shares. In no event,
however, may modifications adversely affect the grantee without the grantee's
consent.
As of December 31, 1998, there were options to acquire 1,163,098 shares of
Common Stock outstanding under the KTI Incentive Plan.
KTI, Inc. Directors' Stock Option Plan. In July 1995, the Company adopted
the KTI, Inc. Directors' Stock Option Plan. Under this plan, non-employee
Directors are automatically granted nonstatutory stock options on August 1 of
each year, commencing on August 1, 1995. Effective as of May 14, 1997, the
amount of the automatic option issuable yearly to each eligible director was
increased to 7,500 shares of Common Stock. Options were granted on August 1,
1995, August 1, 1996, August 1, 1997 and on August 1, 1998 to purchase in the
aggregate 115,800 shares of Common Stock. A total of 21,324 of these options
have been exercised, leaving 94,476 outstanding as of December 31, 1998. Options
to purchase 84,200 shares currently remain available for grant under this plan.
Options may not be exercised until one (1) year after the date of grant and
expire ten (10) years after the date of grant.
Non-Plan Options. In addition to options granted under the KTI Incentive
Plan, in 1997 the Board of Directors granted to each of Messrs. Sergi and
Pirasteh options to acquire 50,000 shares of Common Stock. The non-plan options
have a ten (10) year term, were issued with exercise prices equal to the
then-prevailing market price of the Common Stock, and vested in full of the date
of the grant. In 1998, the Board of Directors granted to each of Messrs. Sergi
and Pirasteh options to acquire 75,000 shares of Common Stock. Two-thirds, or
50,000 of the options, vested immediately. The remainder vest monthly over a
60-month period, beginning one month from the grant date. They, also, were
issued with an exercise price equal to the then-prevailing market price of the
Common Stock.
As of December 31, 1998, there were outstanding plan and non-plan options
to acquire a total of 1,735,447 shares of Common Stock.
51
<PAGE> 53
Upon the exercise of an option or Right, payment must be made in full
together with payment for any withholding taxes then required to be paid. The
receipt of shares of Common Stock upon exercise of an option or Right is subject
to full payment by the recipient of any withholding taxes required to be paid.
401(k) Plan. In 1993, the Company adopted a salary deferral and savings
plan for all KTI employees (the "Savings Plan") which is qualified under Section
401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code (the "Code"). Subject to limits set forth in
the Code, an employee who meets certain age and service requirements may
participate in the Savings Plan by contributing through payroll deductions up to
15% of the employee's total annual compensation into an account established for
the participating employee and may allocate amounts in such account among a
variety of investment vehicles. On January 1, 1997, the Company began making
matching contributions to the Savings Plan of up to the lesser of (a) 10% of the
employee's contribution, or (b) 6.67% of the employee's annual salary. Matching
contributions made by the Company vest in equal annual installments over a
five-year period. The Savings Plan also provides for loans to, and withdrawals
by, participating employees, subject to certain limitations. Certain recently
acquired subsidiaries have similar 401(k) plans with different terms, generally
less generous to employees. When these employees have been with the Company for
at least one (1) year and otherwise meet the eligibility requirements of the
Company, they will be permitted to join the Savings Plan and roll over their
existing balances in their plans into the Savings Plan.
OPTION GRANTS IN 1998
The following information is furnished for the fiscal year ended December
31, 1998 with respect to the named executive officers of the Company named in
the Compensation Table above for stock options granted during such fiscal year.
OPTION GRANTS IN LAST FISCAL YEAR
INDIVIDUAL GRANTS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
% OF TOTAL POTENTIAL REALIZABLE
NUMBER OF OPTIONS VALUE AT ASSUMED ANNUAL
SECURITIES GRANTED TO RATES OF STOCK PRICE
UNDERLYING EMPLOYEES EXERCISE OF APPRECIATION FOR OPTION
OPTIONS IN FISCAL BASE PRICE TERM
GRANTED YEAR ($/SHARE) EXPIRATION DATE 5% ($) 10% ($)
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Martin J. Sergi 6,000 0.44% $ 18.2875 January 2, 2008 $ 52,757 $ 149,001
19,000 1.39% 16.6250 January 2, 2008 198,652 503,423
75,000 5.50% 16.6250 January 2, 2008 784,153 1,987,198
Ross Pirasteh 6,000 0.44% 16.6250 January 2, 2008 62,732 $ 158,977
19,000 1.39% 16.6250 January 2, 2008 198,652 503,423
75,000 5.50% 16.6250 January 2, 2008 784,153 1,987,198
Ken (Kook Joo) Choi 5,000 0.37% 16.6250 January 2, 2008 $ 52,277 $ 132,480
David E. Hill 6,000 0.44% 16.6250 January 2, 2008 62,732 $ 158,976
9,000 0.66% 16.6250 January 2, 2008 94,099 238,464
Robert E. Wetzel 6,000 0.44% 16.6250 January 2, 2008 62,732 $ 158,976
9,000 0.66% 16.6250 January 2, 2008 94,099 238,464
</TABLE>
AGGREGATE OPTION EXERCISES IN 1998 AND YEAR-END OPTION VALUES
52
<PAGE> 54
The following information is furnished for the year ended December 31,
1998 with respect to each of the executive officers of the Company named in the
Compensation Table above, for unexercised stock options at December 31, 1998.
AGGREGATED OPTION EXERCISES IN LAST FISCAL YEAR
AND FISCAL YEAR-END OPTION VALUES
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NUMBER OF
SECURITIES
UNDERLYING VALUE OF UNEXERCISED
UNEXERCISED IN-THE-MONEY
OPTIONS EXERCISED OPTIONS AT FISCAL OPTIONS AT FISCAL
IN 1998 YEAR END (#) YEAR END ($)(1)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SHARES
ACQUIRED ON EXERCISABLE/ EXERCISABLE/
EXERCISE VALUE REALIZED ($) UNEXERCISABLE UNEXERCISABLE
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Martin J. Sergi 68,381 $ 630,644 87,525 / 97,842 $700,054 / $971,321
Ross Pirasteh 0 $ - 124,318 / 76,931 $1,144,264 / $688,994
Ken (Kook Joo) Choi 0 $ - 916 / 4084 $4,580 / $20,420
David E. Hill 32,458 $ 453,956 13,700 / 51,351 $169,679 / $598,130
Robert E. Wetzel 7,875 $ 83,527 17,824 / 41,050 $217,235 / $466,050
</TABLE>
(1) The closing price of the Common Stock ($21.625) as quoted on the Nasdaq
National Market System on December 31, 1998 was used to determine the value of
unexercised in-the-money status of these options.
The following table sets forth certain information with respect to
long-term incentive compensation awarded to the chief executive officer and the
four most highly compensated executive officers during KTI's fiscal year ending
December 31, 1998.
LONG-TERM INCENTIVE PLAN
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
NAME OF SECURITIES
NAME UNDERLYING OPTIONS (#)
- ------------------------------------ ----------------------------
<S> <C>
Ross Pirasteh
Chairman of the Board 100,000
Martin J. Sergi
President 100,000
Ken (Kook Joo) Choi
Senior Vice President 5,000
David E. Hill
Senior Vice President 25,000
Robert E. Wetzel
</TABLE>
53
<PAGE> 55
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
Senior Vice President,
General Counsel and Secretary 25,000
</TABLE>
COMPENSATION COMMITTEE INTERLOCKS AND INSIDER PARTICIPATION
During the fiscal year ended December 31, 1998, Messrs. Kleinaitis, Polak
and Ross served on the Compensation Committee. No member of the Compensation
Committee was involved in an interlocking relationship or insider participation
with respect to the Compensation Committee.
REPORT OF COMPENSATION COMMITTEE
The Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company
presents this report on the compensation policies of the Company for its
executive officers. This report sets forth the major components of the Company's
executive compensation policies and the bases by which the compensation of the
Company's Chairman, Vice Chairman and President for the fiscal year ended
December 31, 1998 was determined. The Compensation Committee consists entirely
of directors who are not and have never been employees of the Company.
Executive Officer Compensation Policies
The Company's compensation policies for its executive officers are
intended to provide compensation packages designed to attract, motivate, reward,
and retain qualified executives, to encourage the achievement of the Company's
long-term performance objectives, and to increase the value of the Company for
the benefit of its shareholders. Annual compensation for each executive officer
of the Company is based on three main components: (i) a base salary based on an
individual's position and responsibility in the Company, experience and
expertise, and performance, in addition to internal pay equity, (ii) a bonus
based on the corporate performance of the Company, which is based on definitive
performance criteria for certain executive officers and is subjective for all
other executive officers; and (iii) stock options to purchase Common Stock of
the Company, including incentive stock options granted by the Compensation
Committee pursuant to the KTI Incentive Plan, a long-term incentive award plan,
and stock options granted by the Board of Directors to the Company's executive
officers outside of the KTI Incentive Plan, which options are designed to
encourage ownership of the Common Stock by the Company's executive officers and
promote the identification of the interests of the executive officers with those
of the shareholders of the Company. The Company has employment agreements with
Messrs. Pirasteh, Garrett and Sergi which reflect the Company's compensation
policies as set forth above.
The compensation of the Chief Executive Officer, Vice Chairman and
President are based upon the same elements and measures of performance as is the
compensation for the Company's other executive officers. During 1998, Mr.
Pirasteh's and Mr. Sergi's salary were each increased to $250,000 effective
during August, 1998 as a result of successfully directing the acquisitions of
FCR and Atlantic Coast during 1998.
Tax Deductibility of Executive Compensation
Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, generally
limits the corporate tax deduction for compensation paid to certain executive
officers in excess of $1,000,000 per year, unless the payments are made under a
performance based plan as set forth in Section 162(m). For the fiscal year ended
December 31, 1997, none of the executive officers of the Company received
compensation that exceeded the threshold for deductibility under Section 162(m),
and therefore all executive officer compensation paid by the Company during such
fiscal year will be fully tax deductible.
COMPENSATION COMMITTEE
PAUL KLEINAITIS
JACK POLAK
54
<PAGE> 56
WILBUR L. ROSS, JR.
STOCK PRICE PERFORMANCE GRAPH
The following performance graph compares the cumulative total return from
February 9, 1995 to December 31, 1998 on each of the Company's common stock
("KTIE"), Standard & Poor's 500 Index ("SPX"), and the ECO-FAC Environmental
Index ("ECO-FAC"). The Company has been a public company since February 8, 1995.
The total cumulative dollar returns are based on the assumption that $100 was
invested in Company Common Stock and each index on February 9, 1995 and all
dividends were reinvested, and represent the value that such investments would
have had at the end of each quarter from February 9, 1995 through December 31,
1998. On March 31, 1999, the closing sale price of the Common Stock was
$10.3125.
KTI STOCK PRICE PERFORMANCE
INDEX VALUE (FEBRUARY 9, 1995 = 100)
DATE KTIE INDEX SPX INDEX ECO-FAC INDEX
---- ---------- --------- -------------
2/9/95 100.00 100.00 100
3/31/95 102.36 104.27 101
6/30/95 102.36 113.44 112
9/30/95 159.49 121.70 113
12/30/95 159.49 128.27 116
3/31/96 145.21 134.43 106
6/30/96 147.59 139.66 109
9/30/96 161.87 143.13 110
12/31/96 142.83 154.26 116
3/31/97 174.97 157.67 129
6/30/97 174.97 184.34 148
9/30/97 277.44 197.27 157
12/30/97 327.43 202.09 151
3/31/98 343.68 299.44 156
6/30/98 432.41 236.12 164
9/30/98 364.93 211.79 131
12/31/98 432.41 255.99 149
QUARTER ENDING...
ECO-FAC Index includes 78 Companies in the environmental business, including
Haulers, Environmental consulting firms, Water Treatment firms, etc.
55
<PAGE> 57
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT
The following table sets forth stock ownership information as of March 31,
1999 concerning (i) each person (including any "group" as that term is used in
Section 13(d)(3) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the
"Exchange Act")) who is known to the Company to own beneficially more than 5% of
the outstanding shares of the Company's Common Stock, (ii) each of the Company's
directors and named executive officers, and (iii) all directors and executive
officers of the Company as a group. Each shareholder had sole voting and
investment power with respect to such shares. Except as otherwise indicated, the
address of each party listed below is c/o KTI, Inc., 7000 Boulevard East,
Guttenberg, New Jersey 07093.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
AMOUNT AND
NATURE OF
BENEFICIAL PERCENTAGE
NAME AND ADDRESS OF BENEFICIAL OWNER OWNERSHIP (1) BENEFICIALLY OWNED
<S> <C> <C>
Ross Pirasteh..................................... 551,714 (2) 4.0%
Paul A. Garrett................................... 392,716 (3) 2.9%
Martin J. Sergi................................... 1,035,514 (4) 7.5%
David E. Hill..................................... 36,108 (5) *
Robert E. Wetzel.................................. 105,199 (6) *
Carlos Aguero..................................... 8,084 *
Dibo Attar........................................ 30,773 (7) *
Ken (Kook Joo) Choi............................... 207,123 (8) 1.5%
W. Chris Hegele................................... 118,389 (9) *
Paul Kleinaitis................................... 14,227 (10) *
Jack Polak........................................ 30,956 (11) *
Wilbur Ross....................................... 7,500 (12) *
*
All executive officers and directors as a
group (14 persons)................................ 2,726,584 19.2%
</TABLE>
* Less than one percent.
(1) For purposes of this table, a person or group of persons is deemed to be
the "beneficial owner" of any shares that such person has the right to
acquire within 60 days. For purposes of computing the percentage of
outstanding shares held by each such person or group of persons named
above on a given date, any security that such person or group of persons
has the right to acquire within 60 days is deemed to be outstanding, but
is not deemed to be outstanding for the purpose of computing the
percentage ownership of any other person.
(2) Includes 126,840 shares of Common Stock which can be acquired by Mr.
Pirasteh pursuant to stock options which are currently exercisable and
26,250 shares pursuant to a warrant to purchase Common Stock at $8.50 per
share.
(3) Includes 11,665 shares of Common Stock which may be acquired by Mr.
Garrett pursuant to stock options which are currently exercisable.
(4) Includes 603,389 shares of Common Stock previously held in escrow for
Martin J. Sergi. These shares were acquired by Mr. Sergi on May 10, 1994,
from an institutional investor. Includes 92,680 shares which may be
acquired by Mr. Sergi pursuant to stock options which are currently
exercisable.
56
<PAGE> 58
(5) Includes 16,200 shares of Common Stock which may be acquired by Mr. Hill
pursuant to stock options which are currently exercisable.
(6) Includes 18,574 shares of Common Stock which can be acquired by Mr. Wetzel
pursuant to stock options which are currently exercisable, 18,060 shares
pursuant to a warrant to purchase Common Stock at $5.71 per share and
15,750 shares pursuant to a warrant to purchase Common Stock at $8.10 per
share.
(7) Includes 28,324 shares of Common Stock which may be acquired pursuant to
Directors' Stock Options which are currently exercisable. Mr. Attar
beneficially owns 2,449 shares over which he has sole voting power. Mr.
Attar disclaims beneficial ownership of all shares of Common Stock owned
by certain entities to which he provides investment advice, other than the
shares referred to above.
(8) Includes 205,957 shares of Common Stock held in the name of Ken (Kook Joo)
Choi and Myungki Choi, as Trustees of the Choi Family Trust under an
agreement dated March 22, 1993. Also includes 1,166 shares of Common Stock
which may be acquired by Mr. Choi pursuant to stock options which are
currently exercisable.
(9) Includes 118,389 shares of Common Stock held by Kitty Hawk Capital Limited
Partnership II, of which Mr. Hegele is the managing partner.
(10) Includes 7,500 shares of Common Stock which may be acquired by Mr.
Kleinaitis pursuant to Directors' Stock Options which are currently
exercisable.
(11) Includes 17,826 shares of Common Stock which may be acquired by Mr. Polak
pursuant to Directors' Stock Options which are currently exercisable and
1,573 shares held by corporations and partnerships controlled by Mr.
Polak. Includes warrants to purchase 5,250 shares. Excludes 700 shares
held in trust for the benefit of Mr. Polak's wife of which Mr. Polak
disavows beneficial ownership.
(12) Includes 7,500 shares of Common Stock which may be acquired by Mr. Ross
pursuant to a warrant to purchase shares at $16.25 per share.
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
TRANSACTIONS WITH NICHOLAS MENONNA, JR. AND MARTIN J. SERGI
The Company leases office space from the Mall at the Galaxy, Inc. (the
"Mall"), a corporation which is 72% owned by Nicholas Menonna, Jr., a principal
shareholder and former Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, and
Martin J. Sergi, a principal shareholder and President of the Company. The Mall
leases space to 27 tenants under long-term operating leases. The Company made
rental payments to the Mall of $96,000 in fiscal year 1998. The Company believes
that the lease for the office space was made on terms comparable to those which
could have been obtained from an unaffiliated lessor.
The Company held a promissory note of the Mall at the Galaxy, Inc. dated
January 1, 1994 in the original principal amount of $121,581, with a balance
including interest accrued as of December 31, 1998 of $62,486. This note was
issued in replacement of a note dated May 30, 1989 in the original principal
amount of $74,076. The note bears interest at 10% per annum.
PRIVATE PLACEMENTS OF NOTES, LETTER OF CREDIT
During 1996, the Company made private placements of $2,003,314 of 8% notes
due July 31, 1996 together with 333,882 warrants to purchase Common Stock at
$6.00 per share, subject to adjustment, which expire five (5) years from the
date of issue. Certain directors and executive officers of the Company
57
<PAGE> 59
or affiliates thereof participated in the private placement in the amounts as
follows: Mr. Menonna, $129,000 in notes and 22,575 warrants; Mr. Wetzel,
$103,314 in notes and 18,080 warrants; Mr. Pirasteh, $60,000 in notes and 10,500
warrants (which were registered in the names of others); and Mr. Polak, $60,000
in notes and 10,500 warrants.
In connection with the purchase of the assets of Prins Recycling Corp. in
1997, a letter of credit was provided to the secured lender to Prins. Three
individuals, including Mr. Wetzel, provided the collateral supporting the letter
of credit. As consideration for providing such collateral, such individuals
received a fee, equal to 1.5% of the face amount of the letter of credit and
warrants to purchase shares of common stock of the Company. Mr. Wetzel received
a fee of $4,500 and a warrant to purchase 9,450 shares at an exercise price of
$8.10 per share.
58
<PAGE> 60
PART IV
ITEM 14. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES.
(a) The following financial statements are filed as a part of this report:
Consolidated Financial Statements of KTI, Inc.:
Report of Independent Auditors
Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 1998 and 1997
Consolidated Statements of Income for each of the three years in the
period ended December 31, 1998
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders Equity for each of the
three years in the period ended December 31, 1998
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for each of the three years in the
period ended December 31, 1998
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Financial Statements of Penobscot Energy Recovery Company:
Report of Independent Auditors
Statement of Income for the year ended December 31, 1996
Statement of Changes in Partners' Capital for the year ended
December 31, 1996
Statement of Cash Flows for the year ended December 31, 1996
Notes to Financial Statements
(b) The following consolidated financial statement schedule of the Company
is filed as part of this report:
Schedule I - Condensed Financial Information of Registrant
Schedule II -- Valuation of Qualifying Accounts
All other schedules for which provision is made in the applicable
accounting regulations of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 are not required
under the related instructions or are inapplicable, and therefore have been
omitted.
(c) The following exhibits which are furnished with this report or
incorporated herein by reference, are filed as part of this report:
EXHIBIT INDEX
2.1 Agreement of Reorganization and Merger among KTI, Inc., a New Jersey
corporation, K-C Industries, Inc., an Oregon corporation and KES, Inc.,
a Delaware corporation, dated September 22, 1997(1)
3.1 Certificate of Amendment to Registrant's Restated Certificate of
Certificate of Incorporation, filed August 8, 1997(3)
3.2 Certificate of Correction to Certificate of Amendment to Registrant's
Restated Certificate of Certificate of Incorporation, filed October 31,
1997(23)
4.1 Specimen Form of Common Stock Certificate(2)
10.1 Loan Agreement dated as of June 1, 1985 between City of Biddeford,
Maine and Maine Energy Recovery Company, as amended(4)
10.2 Subordinated Note of Maine Energy Recovery Company dated as of December
1, 1990 in the original principal amount of $14,252,338.39 payable to
CNA Realty Corp.(4)
10.3 Subordinated Note of Maine Energy Recovery Company dated as of December
1, 1990 in the original principal amount of $9,495,327.45 payable to
Energy National, Inc.(4)
10.4 Subordinated Note of Maine Energy Recovery Company dated as of December
1, 1990 in the original principal amount of $4,737,517.54 payable to
Project Capital 1985(4)
59
<PAGE> 61
10.5 Loan Agreement dated as of April 1, 1986 between Town of Orrington,
Maine and Penobscot Energy Recovery Company, as amended(4)
10.6 Credit Agreement dated as of May 15, 1986 by and among Penobscot Energy
Recovery Company, PERC Management Company and Energy National, Inc. and
The Banking Institutions Signatory Hereto and Bankers Trust Company, as
Agent, as amended(4)
10.7 Second Amended and Restated Agreement and Certificate of Limited
Partnership of Penobscot Energy Recovery Company dated May 15, 1986, as
amended(2)
10.8 Agreement between Penobscot Energy Recovery Company and Bangor
Hydro-Electric Company dated June 21, 1984, as amended (2)
10.9 Form of Penobscot Energy Recovery Company Waste Disposal Agreement
(City of Bangor) dated April 1, 1991 and Schedule of Substantially
Identical Waste Disposal Agreements(2)
10.10 Operation and Maintenance Agreement Between Esoco Orrington, Inc. and
Penobscot Energy Recovery Company dated June 30, 1989(2)
10.11 Residue Disposal Agreement between Penobscot Energy Recovery Company
and Sawyer Environmental Recovery Facilities, Inc. dated September 19,
1985, as amended(2)
10.12 Amended and Restated Bypass Agreement between Sawyer Environmental
Recovery Facilities, Inc. and Penobscot Energy Recovery Company dated
April 4, 1994(2)
10.13 Second Amended and Restated Agreement and Certificate of Limited
Partnership of Maine Energy Recovery Company dated June 30, 1986, as
amended(2)
10.14 Power Purchase Agreement between Maine Energy Recovery Company and
Central Maine Power Company dated January 12, 1984, as amended(2)
10.15 Operation and Maintenance Agreement between Maine Energy Recovery
Company and KTI Operations, Inc. dated December 1, 1990(2)
10.16 Host Municipalities' Waste Handling Agreement among Biddeford-Saco
Solid Waste Committee, City of Biddeford, City of Saco and Maine Energy
Recovery Company dated June 7, 1991(2)
10.17 Form of Maine Energy Recovery Company Waste Handling Agreement (Town of
North Berwick) dated June 7, 1991 and Schedule of Substantially
Identical Waste Disposal Agreements(2)
10.18 Material Disposal and Transportation Agreement among Consolidated Waste
Service, Inc., Waste Management of New Hampshire and Maine Energy
Recovery Company dated October 21, 1991(2)
10.19 Front-End Process Residue Agreement between Arthur Schofield, Inc. and
Maine Energy Recovery Company dated May 27, 1994(2)
10.20 Second Amended and Restated Agreement and Certificate of Limited
Partnership of FTI Limited Partnership dated December 11, 1986, as
amended(2)
10.21 Land Lease dated November 25, 1985 between City of Lewiston and Fuel
Technologies, Inc. as amended(2)
10.22 KTI, Inc. 1994 Long-Term Incentive Award Plan(2)
10.23 Employment Agreement between KTI, Inc. and Martin J. Sergi dated May 1,
1994(2)
10.24 Registration Rights Agreement between Davstar Managed Investments Corp.
and KTI Environmental Group, Inc. dated March 17, 1993(2)
10.25 Registration Rights Agreement among KTI Environmental Group, Inc.,
Martin J. Sergi and Midlantic National Bank dated May 10, 1994(2)
10.26 Registration Rights Agreement among KTI Environmental Group, Inc.,
Nicholas Menonna, Jr. and Midlantic National Bank dated May 10, 1994(2)
10.27 KTI, Inc. Directors Stock Option Plan(5)
10.28 Form of Registration Rights between KTI, Inc. and Mona Kalimian, Mark
D. Kalimian, and Linda Berley dated July 27, 1995 and Schedule of
Substantially Identical Registration Rights Agreements(4)
10.29 Letter Agreement dated as of November 10, 1995 among Central Maine
Power, Maine Energy Recovery Company and Citizens Lehman Power(6)
10.30 Global Agreement dated December 28, 1995 between Environmental Capital
Holdings, Inc. and KTI, Inc.(6)
10.31 Agreement of Limited Partnership of American Ash Recycling of
Tennessee, Ltd. dated December 28, 1995(6)
10.32 Agreement of Limited Partnership of American Ash Recycling of New
England, Ltd. dated December 28, 1995(6)
60
<PAGE> 62
10.33 First Amendment to Agreement of Limited Partnership of American Ash
Recycling of Tennessee, Ltd., dated March 16, 1996(7)
10.34 Agreement dated as of July 19, 1996 by and among KTI, Inc., DataFocus
Incorporated and CIBER, Inc.(8)
10.35 Agreement dated July 19, 1996 by and among KTI, Inc., Thomas Bosanko
and Patrick B. Higbie(8)
10.36 Operating Agreement of Specialties Environmental Management Company,
LLC dated as of October 18, 1996(9)
10.37 Amendment to Employment Agreements between KTI, Inc. and Nicholas
Menonna, Jr. and Martin J. Sergi(10)
10.38 Note Purchase Agreement dated as of October 23, 1996 between KTI, Inc.
and WEXFORD KTI LLC(11)
10.39 Registration Rights Agreement dated as of October 23, 1996 between KTI,
Inc. and WEXFORD KTI LLC(11)
10.40 Escrow Agreement dated as of October 23, 1996 between KTI, Inc. and
WEXFORD KTI LLC and Key Trust of Ohio, N.A.(11)
10.41 Securities Purchase Agreement by and among KTI Plastic Recycling, Inc.,
Continental Casualty Company, CNA Realty Corp., CLE, Inc. and Timber
Energy Investment, Inc. dated as of November 22, 1996(12)
10.42 Securities Purchase Agreement by and among KTI Plastic Recycling, Inc.
and Diane Goodman and Seth Lehner dated as of November 25, 1996(13)
10.43 Loan and Security Agreement between KTI, Inc., KTI Environmental Group,
Inc., Kuhr Technologies, Inc., KTI Limited Partners, Inc., KTI
Operations, Inc. and PERC, Inc., Borrowers, and Key Bank of New York,
Lender, dated October 29, 1996(14)
10.44 Pledge Agreement between each Borrower and Key Bank of New York dated
October 29, 1996(14)
10.45 Key Trust Company PRISM(R) Prototype Retirement Plan and Trust adopted
as of December 11, 1996(14)
10.46 Option and Consulting Agreement by and among KTI, Inc. and L.T.
Lawrence & Co., Inc. dated as of June 1, 1996(14)
10.47 First Amendment to Option and Consulting Agreement by and among KTI,
Inc. and L.T. Lawrence & Co., Inc. dated as of December 18, 1996(14)
10.48 Warrant to purchase 200,000 shares of KTI, Inc. common stock at $7.50
per share issued to L.T. Lawrence & Co., Inc. dated as of December 18,
1996(14)
10.49 Warrant to purchase 6,000 shares of KTI, Inc. common stock at $8.50 per
share issued to Thomas E. Schulze dated as of January 2, 1997(14)
10.50 Warrant to purchase 3,000 shares of KTI, Inc. common stock at $8.50 per
share issued to John E. Turner dated as of January 2, 1997(14)
10.51 Warrant to purchase 6,000 shares of KTI, Inc. common stock at $8.50 per
share issued to Robert E. Wetzel dated as of January 2, 1997(14)
10.52 Warrant to purchase 15,000 shares of KTI, Inc. common stock at $6.00
per share issued to The Baldwin & Clarke Companies dated as of January
2, 1997(14)
10.53 Warrant to purchase 15,000 shares of KTI, Inc. common stock at $7.00
per share issued to The Baldwin & Clarke Companies dated as of January
2, 1997(14)
10.54 Third Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Certificate and
Agreement of Limited Partnership of FTI Limited Partnership dated as of
January 23, 1997(14)
10.55 Warrant to purchase 2,000 shares of KTI, Inc. common stock at $8.50 per
share issued to Maine Woodchips Associates dated as of January 23,
1997(14)
10.56 Registration Rights Agreement by and between KTI, Inc. and Maine
Woodchips Associates dated as of January 23, 1997(14)
10.57 Securities Purchase Agreement by and among KTI Plastic Recycling, Inc.,
Continental Casualty Company, CNA Realty Corp., CLE, Inc. and Timber
Energy Investment, Inc., dated as of November 22, 1996(15)
10.58 Term sheet (Purchase of assets of Prins Recycling Corp. and
subsidiaries)(16)
10.59 Agreement, dated as of April 21, 1997 between KTI Recycling, Inc. and
its subsidiaries and PNC Bank(16)
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<PAGE> 63
10.60 Operations and Maintenance Agreement, dated as of April 21, 1997, by
and between Prins Recycling Corp. and its subsidiaries and KTI
Operations, Inc.(16)
10.61 Order of the Bankruptcy Court for the District of New Jersey dated June
19, 1997(16)
10.62 Asset Purchase Agreement, dated as of June 24, 1997, between Prins
Recycling Corp. and its subsidiaries and KTI Recycling, Inc. and its
subsidiaries(16)
10.63 Securities Purchase Agreement by and among I. Zaitlin & Sons, Inc., a
Maine corporation, Data Destruction Services, Inc., a Maine
corporation, Samuel M. Zaitlin, Steven G. Suher and George G. Deely and
KTI Recycling, Inc., a Delaware corporation(17)
10.64 First amendment, dated as of August 14, 1997, to the Loan and Security
Agreement between KTI, Inc., KTI Environmental Group, Inc., Kuhr
Technologies, Inc., KTI Limited Partners, Inc., KTI Operations, Inc.
and PERC, Inc.(18)
10.65 Securities Purchase Agreement, dated as of August 12, 1997, by and
among KTI, Inc., and Wenoha Corporation, John G. Mills, L. Don Norton,
Glen Wade Stewart, Bruce D. Wentworth and Donald E. Wentworth(18)
10.66 Placement Agreement dated August 7, 1997 between KTI, Inc. and Credit
Research & Trading LLC(19)
10.67 Warrant Agreement dated August 7, 1997 between KTI, Inc. and Credit
Research & Trading LLC(19)
10.68 Registration Rights Agreement dated August 15, 1997 between KTI, Inc.
and the purchases named therein(19)
10.69 Purchase and Option Agreement by and between PERC Management Company
Limited Partnership and The Prudential Insurance Company of America
dated September 30, 1997(20)
10.70 Second Amendment to the Second Amended and Restated Agreement and
Certificate of Limited Partnership of Penobscot Energy Recovery
Company, Limited Partnership dated as of September 29, 1997(20)
10.71 Assignment and Assumption Agreement between The Prudential Insurance
Company of America and PERC Management Company Limited (20) Partnership
dated as of September 29, 1997 re Penobscot Energy Recovery Company,
Limited Partnership(20)
10.72 Amendment No. 1 to Reimbursement Agreement and Release of Assignment
dated as of September 29, 1997 to the Reimbursement Agreement dated as
of May 28, 1991 of Penobscot Energy Recovery Company, Limited
Partnership in favor of Morgan Guaranty Trust Company of New York re
Penobscot Energy Recovery Company, Limited Partnership(20)
10.73 Assignment and Assumption Agreement between The Prudential Insurance
Company of America and PERC Management Company Limited Partnership
dated as of September 29, 1997 re Orrington Waste Ltd., Limited
Partnership(20)
10.74 Amendment no. 1 to Reimbursement Agreement and Release of Assignment
dated as of September 29, 1997 to the Reimbursement Agreement dated as
of May 28, 1991 of Penobscot Energy Recovery Company, Limited
Partnership in favor of Morgan Guaranty Trust Company of New York re
Orrington Waste Ltd.(20)
10.75 Warrant to purchase 7,500 shares of KTI, Inc. Common Stock at $16.25
per share issued to Wilbur L. Ross dated as of January 1, 1998 (24)
10.76 Securities Purchase Agreement dated as of January 1, 1998, by and among
Vel-A-Tran Recycling, Inc., a Massachusetts corporation, Raymond
Vellucci and KTI Recycling of New England, Inc., a Delaware
corporation(21)
10.77 Securities Purchase Agreement dated as of January 27, 1998 among Total
Waste Management Corporation, Donald A. Littlefield, William Kaylor and
KTI Specialty Waste Services, Inc., a Maine corporation(22)
10.78 Commitment Letter from the Finance Authority of Maine dated February
13,1998 regarding willingness to refinance Electric Rate Stabilization
Bonds for Penobscot Energy Recovery Company, Limited Partnership (25)
10.79 Letter of Intent dated April 17, 1998 by and between KTI, Inc. and FCR,
Inc. describing the intended purchase of FCR, Inc. by KTI, Inc. (26)
10.80 Exchange Notice, dated June 5, 1998, notifying shareholders of the
Series B Preferred Stock of KTI's intent to convert such stock into
Subordinated Convertible Notes ("the Exchange Notes") bearing interest
at 8.75% (27)
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10.81 Stock Purchase Agreement dated June 16, 1998 by and between KTI, Inc.
and the Shareholders of Multitrade Group, Inc. (28)
10.82 Warrant to purchase 17,500 shares of KTI, Inc. Common Stock at $22.25
per share issued to George Mitchell dated as of June 22, 1998 (24)
10.83 Amendment No. 2 to Power Purchase Agreement, entered into as of the
26th day of June, 1998 by and between Penobscot Energy Recovery
Company, Limited Partnership, a Maine limited partnership, and
Bangor-Hydro Electric Company, a Maine corporation. (29)
10.84 Second Amended and Restated Waste Disposal Agreements between Penobscot
Energy Recovery Company and the Municipal Review Committee, Inc. dated
as of June 26, 1998 (29)
10.85 Loan Agreement by and between Finance Authority of Maine and Penobscot
Energy Recovery Company, Limited Partnership dated as of June 26, 1998
(29)
10.86 KTI, Inc. Limited Guaranty dated as of June 26, 1998 on loan agreement
in Exhibit 10.85 (29)
10.87 Bangor Hydro-Electric Company Warrant to Purchase Common Stock issued
to PERC Management Company Limited Partnership dated as of June 26,
1998 (29)
10.88 Third Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of
Penobscot Energy Recovery Company, Limited Partnership dated as of June
26, 1998 (29)
10.89 Surplus Cash Agreement dated as of June 26, 1998 among Penobscot Energy
Recovery Company, Limited Partnership, Bangor Hydro-Electric Company
and Municipal Review Committee, Inc. (29)
10.90 Revolving Credit Agreement dated July 10, 1998 among KTI, Inc. and the
Subsidiary Borrowers, Jointly and Severally as the Borrower, KeyBank
National Association and other financial institutions as Lenders and
KeyBank National Association, as Agent, regarding $150,000,000 Line of
Credit. (30)
10.91 Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of July 22, 1998 by and between
KTI, Inc. and FCR, Inc. (31)
10.92 Fairness opinion letter issued to KTI, Inc. by Donaldson, Lufkin &
Jenrette dated as of July 7, 1998. (31)
10.93 Asset Purchase Agreement, dated as of August 5, 1998, by and among
First State Recycling, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and KTI
Environmental Consulting, Inc., a Delaware corporation. (32)
10.94 Asset Purchase Agreement between KTI New Jersey Fibers, Inc. and
Atlantic Coast Fibers, Inc. dated as of August 21, 1998. (33)
10.95 Asset Purchase Agreement between KTI New Jersey Fibers, Inc., PGC
Corporation and Gaccione Bros. & Co., Inc. dated as of August 21, 1998.
(33)
10.96 Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated July 22, 1998, between KTI, Inc.,
KTI Acquisition Sub, Inc., FCR, Inc. and certain securityholders of
FCR, Inc. (34)
10.97 Employment Agreement, dated August 28, 1998, between KTI, Inc. and Paul
A. Garrett. (34)
10.98 Employment Agreement, dated August 28, 1998, between KTI, Inc. and
Brian J. Noonan. (34)
10.99 Warrant to purchase 7,500 shares of KTI, Inc. Common Stock at $15.3125
per share issued to Carlos Aguero dated as of August 28, 1998 (24)
10.100 Warrant to purchase 7,500 shares of KTI, Inc. Common Stock at $15.3125
per share issued to W. Christopher Hegele dated as of August 28, 1998
(24)
10.101 Agreement and Plan of Reorganization dated as of October 28, 1998, by
and among KTI Specialty Waste Services, Inc., Russell Stull Company,
Capitol City Transfer, Inc. and TWTS, Inc., all Maine corporations and
Russell G. Stull. (35)
10.102 Purchase and Sale Agreement between KTI Environmental Group, Inc. and
CNA Realty Corp, Inc. dated as of December 30, 1998. (36)
10.103 Investment Agreement dated as of December 29, 1998 between and among
KTI, Inc., Oakhurst Company, Inc. and Oakhurst Technology, Inc. (37)
10.104 Letter Loan Agreement between KTI, Inc. and CNA Realty Corp, Inc. dated
as of December 29, 1998 between and among KTI, Inc., Oakhurst Company,
Inc. and Oakhurst Technology, Inc. (37)
10.105 Pledge Agreement dated as of December 29, 1998 between and among KTI,
Inc., Oakhurst Company, Inc. and Oakhurst Technology, Inc. (37)
10.106 Intercreditor Agreement between KTI, Inc. and Finova Capital
Corporation dated as of December 29, 1998 (37)
10.107 Non-Exclusive License to Use Technology between KTI, Inc. and Oakhurst
Technology, Inc. dated as of December 29, 1998 (37)
63
<PAGE> 65
10.108 Operating and Maintenance Agreement, dated as of December 29, 1998 by
and between New Heights Recovery & Power, LLC and KTI Operations, Inc.
(37)
10.109 Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated January 12, 1999, by and among
Casella Waste Systems, Inc., Rutland Acquisition Sub, Inc. and KTI,
Inc. (38)
10.110 Stock for Stock Reorganization Agreement by and among Anthony A.
Peterpaul, Frank Peterpaul, Anthony Peterpaul, The AFA Group, Inc., AFA
Pallet Group, Inc., Advanced Enterprises Recycling, Inc., Allied
Equipment & Sales Corp., Inc., American Supplies Sales Group, Inc.,
Artic, Inc., Atlantic Transportation Technologies, Inc., Agro Products,
Inc. and KTI Recycling of New Jersey, Inc., dated as of January 27,
1999 (39)
21 List of all subsidiaries of Registrant
*23 Consent of Ernst & Young LLP
- ----------------------------------
(1) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
September 16, 1997.
(2) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Registration Statement on Form S-4
(No. 33-85234) dated January 6, 1995.
(3) Filed as an Exhibit to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
August 15, 1997.
(4) Filed with the Registration Statement on Form S-1 dated December 6,
1995.
(5) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Proxy Statement dated June 5, 1995.
(6) Filed with the Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement on Form
S-1 dated February 2, 1996.
(7) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
April 15, 1996.
(8) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
July 19, 1996.
(9) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
October 18, 1996.
(10) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
October 23, 1996.
(11) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
October 24, 1996.
(12) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
November 22, 1996.
(13) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
November 25, 1996.
(14) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the
year ended December 31, 1996.
(15) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
November 26, 1996.
(16) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
June 19, 1997
(17) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
July 29, 1997.
(18) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
August 12, 1997.
(19) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
August 15, 1997.
(20) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
September 30, 1997.
(21) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
January 15, 1998.
(22) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
February 4, 1998.
(23) Filed with the Registration Statement on Form S-2 dated February 11,
1998.
(24) Filed with the Registration Statement on Form S-3 dated September 30,
1998
(25) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
February 23, 1998
(26) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
May 7, 1998
(27) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
June 17, 1998
(28) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
June 25, 1998
(29) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
July 8, 1998
(30) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
July 15, 1998
(31) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
August 5, 1998
(32) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
August 13, 1998
(33) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
August 31, 1998
(34) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
September 14, 1998
(35) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
November 10, 1998
(36) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
January 6, 1999
(37) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
January 15, 1999
(38) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
January 21, 1999
(39) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
February 10, 1999
64
<PAGE> 66
* Filed herewith.
REPORTS ON FORM 8-K FILED DURING THE FOURTH QUARTER OF 1998.
Two Reports on Form 8-K were filed in the fourth quarter of 1998, one of
which was amending a Form 8-K filed during the third quarter. The following is a
list of the Forms 8-K filed and the dates thereof.
(i) A Form 8-K/A was filed on October 7, 1998 reporting that on August 28,
1998, FCR, Inc. was merged with and into KTI Acquisition Sub, Inc. pursuant to
an Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated July 22, 1998 and that on July 2, 1998,
FCR acquired all of the outstanding shares of stock of Resource Recovery
Systems, Inc.
(ii) A Form 8-K was filed on November 10, 1998 reporting that in
connection with a previous Form 8-K filed on September 14, 1998, reporting that
FCR, Inc. was merged with and into KTI Acquisition Sub, Inc. pursuant to an
Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated July 22, 1998. As a result of the Merger,
FCR became a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company.
65
<PAGE> 67
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on
its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
KTI, INC. (Registrant)
By: _________________________
Ross Pirasteh
Chairman of the Board
Date: March 31, 1999
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this
report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the
registrant and in the capacities and on the date indicated.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Signature Title Date
- --------- ----- ----
<S> <C> <C>
Chairman of the Board May 14, 1999
- ----------------------
Ross Pirasteh
Chief Financial Officer May 14, 1999
- ---------------------- (Principal Executive Financial
Brian J. Noonan and Accounting Officer)
President and Director May 14, 1999
- ----------------------
Martin J. Sergi
Paul A. Garrett Vice Chairman and Director May 14, 1999
By: *
-----------------------
Paul Kleinaitis Director May 14, 1999
By: *
-----------------------
George Mitchell Director May 14, 1999
By: *
-----------------------
Wilbur Ross Director May 14, 1999
By: *
-----------------------
</TABLE>
66
<PAGE> 68
<TABLE>
<S> <C> <C>
Dibo Attar Director May 14, 1999
By: *
-----------------------
Jack Polak Director May 14, 1999
By: *
-----------------------
Kenneth Choi Director May 14, 1999
By: *
-----------------------
Carlos Aguero Director May 14, 1999
By: *
-----------------------
H. Christopher Hegele Director May 14, 1999
By: *
-----------------------
</TABLE>
* /s/ of Martin J. Sergi Attorney-in-Fact
67
<PAGE> 69
KTI, INC.
INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PAGE
----
<S> <C>
The following consolidated financial statements and schedules of KTI, Inc. are included in Item 8:
Consolidated Financial Statements of KTI, Inc.:
Report of Independent Auditors F-2
Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 1998 and 1997 F-3
Consolidated Statements of Income for each of the three years in the
period ended December 31, 1998 F-4
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity for each of
the three years in the period ended December 31, 1998 F-5
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for each of the three years in the
period ended December 31, 1998 F-6
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements F-8
Financial Statements of Penobscot Energy Recovery Company:
Report of Independent Auditors F-35
Statement of Income for the year ended December 31, 1996 F-36
Statement of Changes in Partners' Capital for the year ended December 31, 1996 F-37
Statement of Cash Flows for the year ended December 31, 1996 F-38
Notes to Financial Statements F-39
The following consolidated financial statement schedules of KTI, Inc. are
included in Item 14(d):
I Condensed Financial Information of Registrant F-42
II Valuation and Qualifying Accounts F-46
</TABLE>
All other schedules for which provision is made in the applicable accounting
regulations of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 are not required under the
related instructions or are inapplicable, and therefore have been omitted.
<PAGE> 70
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS
The Board of Directors
KTI, Inc.
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of KTI, Inc. as of
December 31, 1998 and 1997, and the related consolidated statements of income,
stockholders' equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period
ended December 31, 1998. Our audits also included the financial statement
schedules listed in the Index at Item 14(a). These financial statements and
schedules are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility
is to express an opinion on these financial statements and schedules based on
our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing
standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material
misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting
the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes
assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.
We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in
all material respects, the consolidated financial position of KTI, Inc. at
December 31, 1998 and 1997, and the consolidated results of its operations and
its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 1998
in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles. Also, in our
opinion, the financial statement schedules referred to above, when considered in
relation to the basic financial statements taken as a whole, present fairly in
all material respects the information set forth therein.
ERNST & YOUNG LLP
Hackensack, New Jersey
March 30, 1999, except for the
second paragraph of Note 8 and the first paragraph
of Note 20 as to which the date is May 12, 1999
F-2
<PAGE> 71
KTI, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE AMOUNTS)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DECEMBER 31, DECEMBER 31,
1998 1997
---- ----
<S> <C> <C>
ASSETS
Current Assets
Cash and cash equivalents $ 9,426 $ 11,181
Restricted funds 19,088 13,103
Accounts receivable, net of allowances of $1,313 and $294 29,272 22,126
Consumables and spare parts 4,483 4,041
Inventory 4,866 1,219
Notes receivable -- officers/shareholders and affiliates 1,858 29
Other receivables 4,158 461
Deferred taxes 4,832 2,751
Other current assets 3,370 793
-------- --------
Total current assets 81,353 55,704
Restricted funds 4,350 6,527
Notes receivable - officers/shareholders and affiliates 1,534 81
Other receivables 3,025 271
Other assets 6,167 1,768
Deferred costs, net of accumulated amortization
of $1,610 and $676 5,268 2,911
Goodwill and other intangibles, net of accumulated amortization
of $3,492 and $778 117,878 17,483
Deferred project development costs 937
Property, equipment and leasehold improvements, net of
accumulated depreciation of $26,873 and $17,837 203,391 156,801
-------- --------
Total assets $422,966 $242,483
======== ========
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current Liabilities
Accounts payable $ 14,940 $ 8,779
Accrued expenses 9,313 3,990
Debt, current portion 9,775 19,794
Other current liabilities 4,499 1,184
-------- --------
Total current liabilities 38,527 33,747
Other liabilities 4,227 1,918
Debt, less current portion 202,153 74,473
Minority interest 19,526 22,105
Deferred taxes 2,662
Deferred revenue 33,871 37,500
Convertible subordinated notes 6,770
Commitments and contingencies
Stockholders' equity
Preferred stock; 10,000,000 shares authorized; Series A; non-voting; par value
$8 per share; 447,500 shares authorized, issued and outstanding in 1997
Series B; voting; par value $25 per share; 8.75%, 880,000
shares authorized; 856,000 shares issued and outstanding in 1997 21,400
Common stock; no par value (stated value $.01 per share);
authorized 40,000,000 in 1998 and 20,000,000 in 1997, issued
and outstanding 13,266,204 and 8,912,630 shares in 1998 and 1997, respectively 133 89
Additional paid-in capital 115,026 52,762
Retained earnings (deficit) 71 (5,243)
-------- --------
Total stockholders' equity 115,230 72,740
-------- --------
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $422,966 $242,483
======== ========
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes.
F-3
<PAGE> 72
KTI, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE AMOUNTS)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
----------------------------------------------------------
1998 1997 1996
---- ---- ----
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Revenues $ 192,977 $ 96,157 $ 68,508
Cost of operations 161,058 76,646 26,454
------------ ------------ ------------
Gross Profit 31,919 19,511 42,054
Selling, general and administrative 7,729 2,978 2,389
------------ ------------ ------------
Income from operations 24,190 16,533 39,665
Interest expense, net (10,667) (5,086) (4,464)
Other income, net 390 37
------------ ------------ ------------
Income from continuing operations before minority
interest, provision (benefit) for income taxes and
extraordinary item 13,523 11,837 35,238
Minority interest 5,408 1,609 18,610
Pre-acquisition earnings 4,722
------------ ------------ ------------
Income from continuing operations before provision
(benefit) for income taxes and extraordinary item 8,115 5,506 16,628
Provision (benefit) for income taxes 1,046 (2,586)
------------ ------------ ------------
Income from continuing operations before
extraordinary item 7,069 8,092 16,628
Discontinued operations
Loss from discontinued operations (including a
loss on disposal of $549 and provision for income taxes of $200) 714
------------ ------------ ------------
Income before extraordinary item 7,069 8,092 15,914
Extraordinary item - Loss on early extinguishment
of debt, net of minority interest and in 1998, taxes (351) (2,248)
------------ ------------ ------------
Net income 6,718 8,092 13,666
Accretion and accrued and paid dividends on preferred stock (1,133) (1,408)
------------ ------------ ------------
Net income available to common shareholders $ 5,585 $ 6,684 $ 13,666
============ ============ ============
Earnings per common share:
Basic:
Income from continuing operations $ 0.56 $ 0.90 $ 2.73
Loss from discontinued operations (0.11)
------------ ------------ ------------
Income before extraordinary item 0.56 0.90 2.62
Extraordinary item (0.03) (0.37)
------------ ------------ ------------
Net income $ 0.53 $ 0.90 $ 2.25
============ ============ ============
Weighted average number of shares used in computation 10,548,570 7,403,681 6,081,503
============ ============ ============
Diluted:
Income from continuing operations $ 0.52 $ 0.83 $ 2.47
Loss from discontinued operations (0.10)
------------ ------------ ------------
Income before extraordinary item 0.52 0.83 2.37
Extraordinary item (0.03) (0.32)
------------ ------------ ------------
Net income $ 0.49 $ 0.83 $ 2.05
============ ============ ============
Weighted average number of shares used in computation 11,398,151 8,426,190 6,933,688
============ ============ ============
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes.
F-4
<PAGE> 73
KTI, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
(IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS, EXCEPT SHARE AMOUNTS)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
SERIES A SERIES B
PREFERRED STOCK PREFERRED STOCK
-------------------------- -------------------------
SHARES AMOUNT SHARES AMOUNT
------ ------ ------ ------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Balance at December 31, 1995
Net income
Issuance of common stock for:
Exercise of options
Exercise of warrants
Conversion of debt
Business combinations
Issuance of stock purchase warrants
------- ------- -------- --------
Balance at December 31, 1996
Net income
Issuance of preferred stock and common
stock purchase warrants 487,500 $ 3,376
Accretion of preferred stock 700
Issuance of preferred stock and common
stock purchase warrants 856,000 $ 21,400
Issuance of common stock and common stock
purchase warrants for:
Exercise of options
Exercise of warrants
Conversion of debt
Conversion of preferred stock (40,000) (344)
Employee savings plan contribution
Business combinations
Dividends paid on Series B Preferred Stock
------- ------- -------- --------
Balance at December 31, 1997 447,500 3,732 856,000 21,400
Net income
Accretion of preferred stock 42
Issuance of common stock and common stock
purchase warrants for:
Exercise of options
Exercise of warrants
Non-employee director's compensation
Conversion of preferred stock:
Series A (447,500) (3,774)
Series B (856,000) (21,400)
Conversion of debt
Employee savings plan contribution
Business combinations
Tax benefit realized from stock option
transactions
Dividends paid on Series B Preferred Stock
Additional costs related to preferred
stock issuance
------- ------- -------- --------
Balance at December 31, 1998
======= ======= ======== ========
<CAPTION>
COMMON STOCK ADDITIONAL RETAINED
-------------------- PAID-IN EARNINGS
SHARES AMOUNT CAPITAL (DEFICIT) TOTAL
------ ------ ------- ------- -----
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Balance at December 31, 1995 5,946,973 $ 59 $ 33,427 $(26,606) $ 6,880
Net income 13,666 13,666
Issuance of common stock for:
Exercise of options 55,346 1 280 281
Exercise of warrants 41,183 225 225
Conversion of debt 725,015 7 4,045 4,052
Business combinations 68,249 1 455 456
Issuance of stock purchase warrants 144 144
---------- ---- -------- -------- --------
Balance at December 31, 1996 6,836,766 68 38,576 (12,940) 25,704
Net income 8,092 8,092
Issuance of preferred stock and common
stock purchase warrants 422 3,798
Accretion of preferred stock (700)
Issuance of preferred stock and common
stock purchase warrants (1,416) 19,984
Issuance of common stock and common stock
purchase warrants for:
Exercise of options 85,353 1 502 503
Exercise of warrants 692,771 7 3,611 3,618
Conversion of debt 618,609 6 4,901 4,907
Conversion of preferred stock 40,000 1 343
Employee savings plan contribution 4,117 35 35
Business combinations 635,014 6 6,488 6,494
Dividends paid on Series B Preferred Stock (395) (395)
---------- ---- -------- -------- --------
Balance at December 31, 1997 8,912,630 89 52,762 (5,243) 72,740
Net income 6,718 6,718
Accretion of preferred stock (42)
Issuance of common stock and common stock
purchase warrants for:
Exercise of options 235,682 2 1,894 1,896
Exercise of warrants 411,894 4 1,648 1,652
Non-employee director's compensation 205 205
Conversion of preferred stock:
Series A 447,500 4 3,770
Series B 25,531 1 300 (21,099)
Conversion of debt 1,283,399 13 15,686 15,699
Employee savings plan contribution 4,215 41 41
Business combinations 1,945,353 20 38,122 38,142
Tax benefit realized from stock option
transactions 738 738
Dividends paid on Series B Preferred Stock (1,404) (1,404)
Additional costs related to preferred
stock issuance (98) (98)
---------- ---- -------- -------- --------
Balance at December 31, 1998 13,266,204 $133 $115,026 $ 71 $115,230
========== ==== ======== ======== ========
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes.
F-5
<PAGE> 74
KTI, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(IN THOUSANDS)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year ended December 31,
--------------------------------------------
1998 1997 1996
---- ---- ----
<S> <C> <C> <C>
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income $ 6,718 $ 8,092 $ 13,666
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash
provided by operating activities:
Loss on disposal of discontinued operations 550
Extraordinary loss 351 2,248
Depreciation and amortization 13,212 6,249 6,336
Minority interest, net of distributions 2,820 1,609 18,610
Deferred revenue (3,750) (3,750) 41,250
Deferred income taxes 156 (2,751)
Provision for losses on accounts receivable 1,289 193
Interest accrued and capitalized on debt 1,109 906 1,451
Notes receivable and warrants received in connection with
amended PPA (7,386)
Write-off of deferred project development costs 937
Non-cash directors' compensation 205
Premium for conversion of convertible debt to common stock 1,370
Other non-cash charges 187 (83) 262
Equity in net income of subsidiaries, net of distributions (198)
Loss on sale of debt securities 296
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable 1,866 (2,458) 4,703
Consumables, spare parts and inventory (1,104) 71 (842)
Other receivables 1,206 244 (258)
Other assets (1,200) (503) 1,005
Accounts payable and accrued expenses (9,038) 1,285 (3,283)
Other liabilities (1,867) 218 (187)
------- ------- -----
Net cash provided by operating activities 7,081 9,322 85,609
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Additions to property, equipment and leasehold improvements (8,581) (5,072) (3,412)
Proceeds from sale of assets 460 203 469
Proceeds from sale of discontinued operation 5,005
Deferred project development costs (45) (910)
Net change in restricted funds:
Cash equivalents (3,251) (2,149) (3)
Debt securities available-for-sale 5,579
Purchase of additional partnership interests (2,410) (14,532) (792)
Cash acquired in purchase of additional partnership interests 5,375
Purchase of businesses, net of cash acquired (55,499) (17,548) (2,958)
Investment in unconsolidated affiliate (865)
Notes receivable--officers/shareholders and affiliates (1,400) 340 (9)
Proceeds from sale of business 1,985
------- ------- -----
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities (69,561) (33,428) 2,969
</TABLE>
-Continued-
<PAGE> 75
KTI, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(IN THOUSANDS)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year ended December 31,
1998 1997 1996
---- ---- ----
<S> <C> <C> <C>
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Deferred financing costs (3,901) (1,265) (1,188)
Net borrowings on lines of credit 133,573 30,107 8,786
Proceeds from issuance of debt 44,995
Additional preferred stock issuance costs (98)
Proceeds from sale of common stock 3,548 4,121 506
Proceeds from sale of preferred stock 23,782
Dividends paid (1,404) (395)
Principal payments on debt (115,988) (26,290) (97,909)
--------- --------- ---------
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities 60,725 30,060 (89,805)
--------- --------- ---------
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents (1,755) 5,954 (1,227)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 11,181 5,227 6,454
--------- --------- ---------
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year $ 9,426 $ 11,181 $ 5,227
========= ========= =========
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION
Interest paid $ 8,864 $ 2,792 $ 6,145
Taxes paid 150 75
NON CASH INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Capital lease obligations entered into for lease of equipment 1,725 347
Purchase of businesses and additional partnership interest, net of cash
acquired:
Working capital surplus (deficit), net of cash acquired (1,772) 6,293 1,311
Property, equipment and leasehold improvements 48,277 67,660 8,012
Purchase price in excess of net assets acquired 102,866 14,235 3,256
Other assets 4,466 667 591
Non-current liabilities 57,786 55,659 8,964
Common stock and common stock purchase warrants issued 38,142 6,494 456
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes
F-7
<PAGE> 76
KTI, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS, EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE AMOUNTS)
1. ORGANIZATION
KTI, Inc. ("KTI") and subsidiaries (collectively, the "Company"), is an
integrated waste handling business providing wood, paper, corrugated, metals,
plastic and glass processing and recycling, municipal solid waste processing and
disposal capabilities, specialty waste disposal services, recycling of ash
combustion residue, the generation of electricity and steam and the manufacture
of finished products utilizing recyclable materials. The Company also markets
recyclable metals, plastic, paper and corrugated processed at its facilities and
by third parties. The Company operates 53 facilities in 21 states and Canada in
four operating segments: Waste-to-Energy Processing, Finished Products,
Commercial Recycling and Residential Recycling.
There are significant restrictions on the ability of certain of the Company's
subsidiaries to distribute assets to the Company. These restrictions result from
the terms of certain indebtedness and provisions of other agreements with third
parties. These subsidiaries include the Company's majority-owned consolidated
subsidiaries, Maine Energy Recovery Company ("Maine Energy") and Penobscot
Energy Recovery Company ("PERC") and the Company's wholly-owned subsidiary
Timber Energy Resources, Inc. ("TERI"). At December 31, 1998, the net assets of
these subsidiaries was $88,297.
Maine Energy, PERC and TERI are subject to the provisions of various federal,
state, local and provincial energy laws and regulations, including the Public
Utility Regulatory Policy Act of 1978, as amended. In addition, federal, state
and local environmental laws establish standards governing certain aspects of
the Company's operations. The Company believes it has all permits, licenses and
approvals necessary to operate.
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
PRINCIPLES OF CONSOLIDATION
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of KTI and its
wholly-owned and majority-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany
accounts and transactions are eliminated in consolidation. As described in Note
5, during 1997 the Company acquired in two transactions certain limited
partnership interests in PERC aggregating 64.29%. Prior to these transactions,
the Company was a 7.00% owner and the managing general partner of PERC. As a
result of the Company's aggregate ownership interest, PERC's financial
statements have been included in the Company's consolidated statement of income
for the year ended December 31, 1997. The consolidated statement of income
includes PERC's operations for the year ended December 31, 1997 as though the
acquisition had occurred at the beginning of the year and includes adjustments
to eliminate minority interest and the pre-acquisition earnings of PERC
attributable to the partnership interests acquired as of the respective dates.
Prior to 1997, the Company's investment in PERC was accounted for under the
equity method based on the Company's significant influence over its financial
and operating policies.
The ownership interest of minority owners in the equity and earnings of the
Company's less than 100 percent-owned consolidated subsidiaries is recorded as
minority interest.
CASH EQUIVALENTS
The Company considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of
90 days or less when purchased to be cash equivalents.
F-8
<PAGE> 77
KTI, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS, EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE AMOUNTS)
RESTRICTED FUNDS
Restricted funds consist of cash and cash equivalents held in trust, all of
which are available, under certain circumstances, for current operating
expenses, debt service, capital improvements and repairs and maintenance in
accordance with certain contractual obligations and cash deposited in a bank in
connection with certain of the Company's debt and standby letter of credit
obligations. Restricted funds available for current operating and debt service
purposes are classified as current assets.
SIGNIFICANT CUSTOMERS AND CONCENTRATIONS OF CREDIT RISK
Within the Waste-to-Energy segment, Maine Energy, PERC and TERI each sell
electricity to the local electric utility in their respective geographic
locations (Central Maine Power Company, ("CMP"), Bangor Hydro Electric Company
("BHE") and Florida Power Company ("FPC"), respectively). Electric power revenue
from such utilities during 1998 totaled approximately $15,795, $32,177 (see Note
3) and $5,593, respectively and $15,249, $18,593 and $5,126, respectively, in
1997 and $20,337 in 1996 for CMP. Accounts receivable from CMP, BHE and FPC
were $1,393, $3,166 and $472, respectively, at December 31, 1998 and $2,163,
$3,212 and $454, respectively, at December 31, 1997. In addition, Maine Energy
and PERC earn substantial portions of their waste handling revenues from
municipalities in their respective geographic regions in the state of Maine.
TERI also earns a significant portion of its revenue from a large national paper
manufacturer. Such revenues are earned under the terms of long-term agreements.
American Ash Recycling of Tennessee, Ltd. ("AART") earns a substantial portion
of its revenues as the result of a contract with the City of Nashville,
Tennessee.
Although less than 10% of consolidated revenue, a significant portion of sales
of recyclables in the Commercial segment is to international (including Pacific
Rim countries, South America and Europe) and domestic paper manufacturers. The
Company performs periodic credit evaluations of these customers. Although the
Company's exposure to credit risk associated with non-payment by paper
manufacturers is affected by conditions within the paper industry and the
general economic condition of countries within the Pacific Rim, South America
and Europe, a significant portion of outstanding receivables are supported
through letters of credit either issued, confirmed or discounted by banks
located in the United States. No single paper manufacturer customer exceeded 5%
of the Company's total accounts receivable at December 31, 1998.
Although less than 10% of consolidated revenue, a significant portion of sales
in the Residential Recycling segment is to two customers. The facilities within
the Residential Recycling segment operate under long-term contracts with the
local municipalities or contract waste haulers. This segment earns a portion of
its revenues from these municipalities and waste haulers within the geographic
region surrounding the respective facilities. In addition, the Residential
Recycling segment enters into long-term contracts to sell recyclable materials
at prices based on market price with a contractual floor. These contracts have
terms from one to ten years and expire through 2008. No individual municipality
or customer under long-term commodity contracts exceeded 5% of the Company's
total accounts receivable at December 31, 1998.
Although less than 10% of consolidated revenue, a significant portion of sales
in the Finished Products segment is to one customer. This customer is under a
contract to purchase a specified quantity of product at rates that approximate
market value through August, 2000. In addition, a significant portion of this
segment's sales are to manufacturers of manufactured homes and insulation
contractors throughout the United States and thus the revenues are impacted by
sales of new homes, which are cyclical in nature. No individual customer of this
segment exceeded 5% of the Company's total accounts receivable at December 31,
1998.
F-9
<PAGE> 78
KTI, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS, EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE AMOUNTS)
Other financial instruments which subject the Company to concentrations of
credit risk are cash and cash equivalents including restricted funds. The
Company restricts its cash investments to financial institutions with high
credit standings and securities backed by the United States Government.
INVENTORIES
Inventories, consisting of secondary fibers, recyclables ready for sale and
certain finished products, include costs paid to third parties for purchased
materials and are stated at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out) or market.
Inventories consisted of finished goods of approximately $4,065 and $1,219 at
December 31, 1998 and 1997 respectively, and raw material of approximately $801
at December 31, 1998.
PROPERTY, EQUIPMENT AND LEASEHOLD IMPROVEMENTS
Property, equipment and leasehold improvements are stated at cost, less
accumulated depreciation and amortization. All costs incurred for additions and
improvements, including interest during construction, are capitalized. The
Company capitalized net interest costs of $285, $20 and $110, in 1998, 1997 and
1996, respectively. Depreciation of property and equipment is provided using the
straight-line method over the estimated useful lives ranging principally from
three to twenty-five years. Assets under capital leases are amortized using the
straight-line method over the estimated useful lives ranging from five to ten
years. Amortization of assets under capital leases is included in depreciation
expense. Leasehold improvements are amortized on a straight-line basis over the
shorter of the term of the lease or the estimated useful life of the
improvement.
GOODWILL
Goodwill represents costs in excess of net assets of businesses acquired in
purchase transactions. Goodwill is being amortized on a straight-line basis over
periods up to thirty years.
DEFERRED FINANCING COSTS
Costs incurred in connection with debt and letter of credit financings are
deferred and are being amortized over the life of the related debt or letter of
credit issues using the interest method. The unamortized portion of such costs
related to the previously outstanding PERC bonds in 1998 and the Maine Energy
bonds in 1996 were included in the determination of the extraordinary loss.
DEFERRED PROJECT DEVELOPMENT COSTS
The Company defers certain external costs incurred in the development of new
projects including design and costs related to obtaining required permits.
Amortization of these costs begins when the project becomes operational. If
management concludes that the related project will not be completed, the
deferred costs are expensed immediately.
REVENUE RECOGNITION
Revenues from the sale of electricity to local utilities are recorded at the
contract rate specified in each entity's power purchase agreement ("PPA") as it
is delivered. Revenue also includes the portion of the gain on sale of electric
generating capacity recognized during the respective period when the related
contingency is eliminated.
Revenues from waste processing consist principally of fees charged to customers
for waste disposal. Substantially all waste processing revenues are earned from
customers located in a geographic region proximate to the respective facility.
Revenue is generally recorded upon acceptance and in certain cases is based on
rates specified in long-term contracts. Certain of these rates are subject to
adjustment based on the levels of certain costs and expenses, as
F-10
<PAGE> 79
KTI, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS, EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE AMOUNTS)
defined, of Maine Energy and PERC. The Company periodically reviews the
long-term contracts and any anticipated losses are charged to operations in the
period the losses are first determinable. The Company's evaluation is based on
estimated revenues and direct costs related to the respective contracts.
Revenues from the sale of recycled materials ($72,130, and $17,004 in 1998 and
1997, respectively) and finished products are recognized upon shipment. Rebates
to certain municipalities based on sales of recyclable materials are recorded
upon the sale of such recyclables to third parties and are included in cost of
operations. Revenues for processing of recyclable materials are recognized upon
delivery of recycled materials to the Company and totaled $7,791 and $690 in
1998 and 1997, respectively.
Management fees from affiliates for 1996, related to providing general partner
services to PERC, were recognized in accordance with the partnership agreement
and were included in waste processing revenues. Such amounts have been
eliminated in consolidation for 1998 and 1997. Service and other revenues in
connection with transportation and waste management are recognized upon
completion of the services.
INCOME TAXES
Deferred income taxes are determined using the liability method. Under this
method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on differences
between financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities and are
measured using the enacted tax rates and laws that will be in effect when the
differences are expected to reverse.
BUSINESS COMBINATIONS
The Company has accounted for all business combinations under the purchase
method of accounting. Under this method, the purchase price is allocated to the
assets and liabilities of the acquired enterprise as of the acquisition date (to
the extent of the Company's ownership interest) based on their estimated
respective fair values and are subject to revision for a period not to exceed
one year from the date of acquisition. The results of operations of the acquired
enterprise are included in the Company's consolidated financial statements for
the period subsequent to the acquisition.
NET INCOME AVAILABLE FOR COMMON SHAREHOLDERS
Net income available for common shareholders represents net income adjusted for:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1998 1997
---- ----
<S> <C> <C>
Accretion of preferred stock to redemption value $ 42 $ 700
Preferred stock dividends 1,091 395
Dividends earned but not paid or accrued 313
------ ------
$1,133 $1,408
====== ======
</TABLE>
EVALUATION OF LONG-LIVED ASSETS
The Company assesses long-lived assets for impairment, including goodwill
associated with assets acquired in a business combination when events or
circumstances exist that indicate the carrying amount of those assets may not be
recoverable. The Company performs an evaluation comparing the estimated
future undiscounted cash flows associated with the asset to the asset's carrying
amount to determine if a write-down to market value or discounted cash flow
value is required. No such events or circumstances existed at December 31, 1998.
F-11
<PAGE> 80
KTI, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS, EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE AMOUNTS)
USE OF ESTIMATES
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted
accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that
affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes.
Actual results could differ from those estimates.
RECENT ACCOUNTING DEVELOPMENTS
Recent accounting pronouncements which are not required to be adopted at
December 31, 1998, include the following Statement of Financial Accounting
Standards ("SFAS") and the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants
Statements of Position ("SOP"):
SFAS No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities,
which will be required to be adopted by the Company as of January 1, 2000,
establishes standards for derivative instruments, including those embedded in
other contracts and for hedging activities. The new standard requires the
Company to recognize all derivatives as either assets or liabilities and measure
those instruments at fair value. Management believes that the adoption of SFAS
No. 133 will not have a material impact on the Company's financial statements.
SOP 98-1, Accounting for Costs of Computer Software Developed or Obtained for
Internal Use is required to be adopted by the Company as of January 1, 2000. The
Company's current policy falls within the guidelines of SOP 98-1. Also, SOP
98-5, Reporting on the Costs of Start-Up Activities is required to be adopted by
the Company as of January 1, 1999. Management believes that the adoption of SOP
98-5 will not have a material impact on the Company's financial statements.
RECLASSIFICATIONS
Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform with the current
year presentation.
3. AMENDMENT OF PERC's POWER PURCHASE AGREEMENT AND WASTE DISPOSAL AGREEMENTS
On June 26, 1998, PERC completed an amendment of its PPA with BHE. At closing,
PERC received $6,000 in cash and BHE agreed to make 16 quarterly payments of
$250 commencing October 1, 1998 (the "BHE Note"). For financial statement
purposes, the BHE Note has been discounted using an effective interest rate of
5.45%. Revenue for 1998 includes the $6,000 cash payment and the present value
of the BHE Note ($3,572). Imputed interest on the BHE Note is being amortized
over its term and is included in interest income.
In addition, BHE issued the Company warrants to purchase 712,857 shares of BHE
common stock at an exercise price of $7.00 per share, exercisable 25% annually
with an expiration date of June 26, 2008. The estimated aggregate fair value of
these warrants at the date of issuance was approximately $3,814 ($5.35 per
share) which was recorded as revenue in 1998.
In connection with the amendment, PERC's waste disposal agreements with certain
municipalities (the "Amending Charter Municipalities") were amended to extend
the term of such agreements to 2018. In addition, PERC granted the Amending
Charter Municipalities the right to purchase up to a 50% limited partnership
interest in PERC for an aggregate purchase price of $31,000. Such purchases may
only be made to the extent of their respective share of distributable cash from
PERC, as defined, and one-half of the quarterly payments to be made under the
BHE Note. Any such amounts paid by the Amending Charter Municipalities must be
used to prepay PERC's outstanding bonds payable. The Amending Charter
Municipalities were also granted the right to purchase the remaining partnership
interests in 2018 at the then fair market value, as defined.
F-12
<PAGE> 81
KTI, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS, EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE AMOUNTS)
The waste disposal agreements were further amended to provide that the Amending
Charter Municipalities, BHE, and partners in PERC would each receive one-third
of PERC's cash flows, as defined. Prior to this amendment, the municipalities
received one-half PERC's distributable cash, as defined. Based on PERC's cash
flow, as defined, distributable cash of approximately $4,616 and $1,101 was
payable for 1998 and 1997, respectively. Of these amounts, approximately $413
and $1,101 remained unpaid as of December 31, 1998 and 1997, respectively, and
was included in accrued expenses.
4. SALE OF ELECTRIC GENERATION CAPACITY AND RESTRUCTURE OF POWER PURCHASE
AGREEMENT
On May 3, 1996, Maine Energy completed a restructuring of its PPA with CMP and
the sale of the rights to its electrical generating capacity to CL Power Sales
One, L.L.C. ("CL One"). At closing, Maine Energy received a payment from CL One
of $85,000 ("Capacity Payment") and the PPA was amended to reflect a reduction
in CMP's purchase price for electric power. In addition, the term of the PPA was
extended from 2007 to 2012. The Company also received reimbursement of certain
transaction costs, including interest on the Capacity Payment from November 6,
1995 to closing and certain other payments.
Under the terms of the agreements, Maine Energy will be liable to CMP for
liquidated damages of $3,750 for any calendar year through the year 2006 and on
a pro rata basis for the period from January 1, to May 31, 2007 in which it does
not deliver at least 100,000,000 kilowatt hours ("kWh"). Also, if during the
same period, Maine Energy fails to deliver at least 15,000,000 kWh in any
calendar year through the year 2006 and on a pro rata basis for the period from
January 1, to May 31, 2007 it will be liable to CMP for liquidated damages of
$3,750 times the number of years remaining in the term of the agreement. Both
the 100,000,000 kWh and the 15,000,000 kWh levels are adjusted in the case of a
force majeure event, as defined. Maine Energy produced approximately 166,000,000
and 168,000,000 kWh of electricity in each of 1998 and 1997, respectively. In
order to secure CMP's right to liquidated damages, Maine Energy has obtained an
irrevocable letter of credit in the initial amount of $45,000 which will be
reduced by $3,750 for each completed year in which no event requiring the
payment of liquidated damages occurs. Under the terms of the letter of credit
agreement, Maine Energy is required to maintain certain restricted funds. The
letter of credit is collateralized by liens on substantially all of Maine
Energy's assets. Based on these contingencies, Maine Energy deferred an amount
totaling $45,000 on the date of the transaction. This amount is being recognized
as revenue as the contingencies are eliminated. As of December 31, 1998 and
1997, the letter of credit and remaining deferred revenue equaled $33,750 and
$37,500, respectively.
Maine Energy used the proceeds from the sale of its capacity to repay the then
outstanding Maine Energy Resource Recovery Bonds and to retire the related bank
letter of credit. This prepayment resulted in the recognition of an
extraordinary loss of $2,248 (net of minority interest of $2,213) in 1996.
5. ACQUISITIONS
1998 Acquisitions
The Company acquired ten companies and an additional partnership interest in one
company during 1998. Payment of the aggregate purchase price for these
acquisitions consisted of (i) 1,945,353 shares of the Company's common stock at
a weighted-average value of $19.06 per share (based on the closing prices of the
common stock on the date of announcement of each acquisition); (ii) $57,909 in
cash (net of cash acquired of $6,198); (iii) a promissory note in the principal
amount of $1,086; and (iv) warrants to purchase 130,000 shares of common stock
valued at approximately $1,060 as of the date of acquisition. These acquisitions
were accounted for as purchases, and accordingly, the assets and liabilities of
the acquired entities have been recorded at their estimated fair value at the
dates of acquisition. The excess of the purchase price over the fair value of
the acquired net assets aggregating $102,866 has been recorded as goodwill and
is being amortized on a straight line basis over 30 years. The more significant
1998 acquisitions are described below.
F-13
<PAGE> 82
KTI, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS, EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE AMOUNTS)
In August 1998, the Company acquired FCR, Inc. ("FCR") a diversified recycling
company that provides residential and commercial recycling, processing and
marketing services and primarily manufactures cellulose insulation and plastics
using recycled materials. FCR owns or operates eighteen material recovery
facilities, six cellulose insulation manufacturing facilities and three plastic
processing facilities in twelve states. Payment of the purchase price, including
all direct costs, of $63,581 consisted of (i) 1,714,285 shares of the Company's
common stock valued at $18.96 per share (based on the closing price of the
common stock on the date of announcement) and (ii) $31,074 in cash. An
additional payment of up to $30,000 may have been required based on the earnings
of FCR for the period July 1, 1998 through December 31, 1998 (the "Earnout").
Based on FCR's earnings during the period, no payments are due under the
Earnout. The cost of the acquisition exceeded the fair value of the acquired net
assets by approximately $70,032.
In August 1998, the Company acquired certain assets and assumed certain
liabilities of Atlantic Coast Fibers, Inc. ("Atlantic Coast") and Gaccione Bros.
& Co., Inc. and PGC Corporation (collectively, "Gaccione"). Atlantic Coast
operates a high-grade paper processing facility. Payment of the purchase price,
including all direct costs, for Atlantic Coast of $9,655 consisted of (i)
123,532 shares of the Company's common stock valued at $20.29 per share (based
on the closing price of the common stock on the date of the announcement), (ii)
$6,995 in cash and (iii) warrants to purchase 20,000 shares of common stock
valued at approximately $153 as of the date of acquisition. Gaccione operated a
high-grade paper processing facility. Payment of the purchase price, including
all direct costs, for Gaccione of $6,975 consisted of (i) $5,889 in cash and
(ii) a 7% promissory note in the principal amount of $1,086. In September 1998,
the Company agreed to a payment of an additional purchase price for Atlantic
Coast and Gaccione consisting of 150,000 shares of common stock. The Company
recorded this additional purchase price as a liability and an addition to
goodwill. Subsequent to year-end, the Board of Directors approved the payment of
the additional purchase price and the common stock was issued. The cost of these
acquisitions exceeded the fair value of the acquired net assets by approximately
$18,104.
In June 1998, the Company acquired Multitrade Group, Inc. ("Multitrade").
Multitrade operates three waste-to-energy facilities utilizing biomass and coal
to produce steam for sale to major industrial users under long-term contracts.
Payment of the purchase price, including all direct costs, for Multitrade was
$12,347 in cash. The cost of the acquisition exceeded the fair value of the
acquired net assets by approximately $4,537.
In December 1998, the Company acquired an additional 9.6% limited partnership
interest in Maine Energy from one of the existing limited partners. The cost of
the acquisition was $2,410. The transaction has been accounted for under the
purchase method of accounting and the cost of the purchase price has been
allocated to the assets and liabilities of Maine Energy (to the extent of the
Company's additional ownership interest) based on their estimated fair values as
of the date of acquisition and resulted in a reduction in the carrying value of
property and equipment of approximately $975.
1997 Acquisitions
On September 30, 1997 and November 12, 1997, the Company purchased certain
limited partnership interests in PERC aggregating 64.29% from one of the
existing limited partners. The aggregate cost of the acquisitions was $14,500.
The purchase price has been allocated to the assets and liabilities of PERC (to
the extent of the Company's additional ownership interest) based on their
estimated fair values as of the date of acquisition and resulted in a reduction
in the carrying value of property and equipment of approximately $8,038. Prior
to the acquisition of the additional 64.29% limited partnership interest, the
Company accounted for its 7% ownership under the equity method. The excess of
the Company's actual capital contributions over its original 7% ownership
interest in the partnership's total contributed capital is being amortized over
the term of the partnership's energy sales contract. This amount is included in
goodwill.
F-14
<PAGE> 83
KTI, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS, EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE AMOUNTS)
In November, 1997, the Company acquired certain assets and assumed certain
liabilities of Prins Recycling Corp. and its subsidiaries ("Prins") pursuant to
an order of the Bankruptcy Court for the District of New Jersey. Prins was
engaged in the operation of three material recycling facilities located in or
proximate to Newark, New Jersey, Chicago, Illinois and Charlestown,
Massachusetts. The aggregate purchase price including all direct costs was
approximately $15,100 and included warrants to purchase 92,250 shares of the
Company's common stock at exercise prices ranging from $8.10 to $9.25 per share.
The warrants are exercisable at any time and expire on various dates between
December 31, 1999 and April 30, 2002. During 1998 and 1997, 40,000 and 17,325 of
these warrants were exercised. At December 31, 1998, 34,925 of these warrants
remain outstanding. In connection with the transaction, the Company assumed
certain administrative claims against Prins. The cost of the acquisition
exceeded the fair value of the acquired net assets by approximately $6,374 which
has been recorded as goodwill and is being amortized on a straight line basis
over 15 years. During 1998, the Company finalized its allocation of the purchase
price which resulted in certain changes in estimated liabilities as of the
acquisition date, including certain additional administrative claims against
Prins and fair values assigned to property, equipment and leasehold
improvements. Such adjustments resulted in an increase in goodwill of
approximately $1,865.
On September 19, 1997, the Company acquired all of the outstanding common stock
of K-C Industries, Inc. ("K-C"). K-C is engaged in the marketing of paper and
secondary fibers. The aggregate purchase price, including all direct costs, was
approximately $6,739 and included 425,014 shares of the Company's common stock.
The cost of the acquisition exceeded the fair value of the acquired net assets
by approximately $5,035 which has been recorded as goodwill and is being
amortized on a straight line basis over 15 years.
In August, 1997, the Company acquired all of the outstanding common stock of I.
Zaitlin and Sons, Inc. ("Zaitlin"), a company engaged in the recycling business
in Maine, and Data Destruction Services, Inc., a company engaged in the
destruction of confidential records. The aggregate purchase including all direct
costs was approximately $2,245 and included 200,000 shares of the Company's
common stock. The cost of the acquisition exceeded the fair value of the
acquired net assets by approximately $2,498 which has been recorded as goodwill
and is being amortized on a straight line basis over 10 years. During 1998, the
Company finalized its allocation of the purchase price which resulted in certain
changes in estimated liabilities as of the acquisition date. Such adjustments
resulted in an increase in goodwill of approximately $105 during 1998.
In June, 1997, the Company acquired the entire general partnership interest in
AARNE from the existing general partner. The aggregate cost of the acquisition
was $560 which exceeded the carrying value of the minority interest by
approximately $328 which was recorded as goodwill and is being amortized on a
straight line basis over 15 years. Subsequent to the acquisition, the Company
owns 100% of AARNE.
1996 Acquisitions
On May 3, 1996, the Company purchased additional limited partnership interests
in Maine Energy aggregating 23.77% from certain other existing limited partners.
The aggregate cost of the acquisitions was approximately $485. Subsequent to
this acquisition, the Company's ownership in Maine Energy aggregated 74.15%. The
acquisition resulted in a reduction in the carrying value of property, equipment
and leasehold improvements of approximately $7,800. Prior to September 16, 1994
(the date at which the Company acquired its initial limited partnership
interests and became majority owner in Maine Energy), the Company accounted for
its 10% ownership interest under the equity method. The difference between the
Company's actual capital contributions and its ownership interest in the
partnership's total contributed capital is being amortized over the term of the
partnership's energy sales contract. This amount is included in goodwill.
During the fourth quarter of 1996, the Company acquired all of the outstanding
common stock of Timber Energy Investments, Inc. ("TEII"). TEII, through its
subsidiaries, is engaged in the generation of electricity and the
F-15
<PAGE> 84
KTI, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS, EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE AMOUNTS)
processing of wood and plastic materials. The purchase price, including all
direct costs, was approximately $2,142. The cost of the acquisition exceeded the
fair value of TEII's net assets by approximately $2,035 which has been recorded
as goodwill and is being amortized on a straight line basis over 10 years.
During 1997, the Company finalized its allocation of the purchase price which
resulted in certain changes in the fair values assigned to property, equipment
and leasehold improvements and the reduction of certain assumed liabilities.
Such adjustments resulted in an increase of goodwill of approximately $229.
On March 31, 1996, the Company acquired a 60% limited partnership interest in
American Ash Recycling Co. of Tennessee, a limited partnership, ("AART"). AART
is engaged in the processing of ash residue from a waste-to-energy facility
located in Nashville, Tennessee. The purchase price for the limited partnership
interest was $2,100. The cost of the acquisition exceeded the fair value of
AART's net assets by approximately $800 which has been recorded as goodwill and
is being amortized on a straight line basis over 10 years.
On November 25, 1996, the Company acquired all of the outstanding common stock
of Manner Resins, Inc. ("Manner") a company engaged in the purchase and sale of
recyclable plastic materials. The purchase price was approximately $456 and was
entirely financed through the issuance of 65,000 shares of the Company's common
stock. The cost of the acquisition exceeded the fair value of Manner's net
assets by approximately $421 which has been recorded as goodwill and is being
amortized on a straight line basis over 5 years.
The following unaudited pro forma summary presents selected operating data as if
the significant 1998 and 1997 acquisitions described above had occurred as of
January 1, 1997, and does not purport to be indicative of the results that would
have occurred had the transactions been completed as of those dates or of
results which may occur in the future.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1998 1997
---- ----
<S> <C> <C>
Net revenues $253,511 $237,924
Net income from continuing operations before
extraordinary item 2,991 2,213
Net income 2,640 2,213
Net income (loss) available for common shareholders 1,507 (359)
Net income (loss) per share-basic 0.13 (0.04)
Net income (loss) per share-diluted 0.13 (0.04)
</TABLE>
6. DISPOSAL OF COMPUTER SERVICES SEGMENT
During 1996, the Company disposed of its computer services segment which was
comprised entirely of its wholly-owned subsidiary Convergent Solutions, Inc.
("CSI"). The sale was completed in two separate transactions. On July 26, 1996
certain assets and liabilities of CSI were sold to Ciber, Inc. for $5,000. Also,
on July 29, 1996, all of the outstanding common stock of CSI was sold to certain
members of its management for $5. In addition, the Company had notes receivable
from the buyers aggregating $445 at December 31, 1996. The notes receivable were
repaid during 1997. The results of operations of CSI for 1996 have been
classified as discontinued operations in the accompanying financial statements.
CSI's revenues for 1996 were $5,785.
7. PROPERTY, EQUIPMENT AND LEASEHOLD IMPROVEMENTS
Property, equipment and leasehold improvements consist of the following at:
F-16
<PAGE> 85
KTI, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS, EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE AMOUNTS)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DECEMBER 31,
------------------------------------
1998 1997
---- ----
<S> <C> <C>
Land $ 3,018 $ 2,171
Buildings and site improvements 43,772 40,942
Machinery and equipment 173,460 128,700
Automobiles and trucks 3,694
Furniture and fixtures 2,300 2,075
Leasehold improvements 2,917 750
Construction-in-progress 1,103
-------- --------
230,264 174,638
Less accumulated depreciation (26,873) (17,837)
-------- --------
$203,391 $156,801
======== ========
</TABLE>
Beginning October 1, 1996 Maine Energy revised the estimated average useful
lives used to compute depreciation for substantially all of its plant and
equipment. These revisions were made to more properly reflect the remaining
useful lives of the assets. The change had the effect of increasing income
before extraordinary item and net income by approximately $432 ($.07 per share,
basic and $.06 diluted per share) for 1996.
8. DEBT
The Company's debt consists of the following:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DECEMBER 31,
-----------------------------------
1998 1997
---- ----
<S> <C> <C>
(A) Revolving credit agreement $138,628
(A) Revolving and term loan payable $12,411
(B) Capital lease obligations 5,466 357
(C) Revolving credit facility 4,000 4,000
(D) Promissory note payable 1,086
(E) Bonds Payable 760
(F) Secured term notes payable 555 692
(G) Term loan payable 460 489
(H) Secured note payable to bank 50 1,555
(I) Term note payable to bank 304
Other 1,210
Bonds Payable 44,995 47,900
Revenue Bonds Payable by TERI 11,635 13,400
Convertible Subordinated Notes 6,770
Subordinated Notes Payable to Maine Energy Limited Partners 4,293 11,949
--------- -------
218,698 94,267
Less current portion 9,775 19,794
-------- -------
$208,923 $74,473
======== =======
</TABLE>
(A) During July 1998, the Company entered into a Revolving Line of Credit
Agreement with a bank (the "Credit Agreement") which provides for
borrowings of up to $150,000. The Credit Agreement expires in
F-17
<PAGE> 86
KTI, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS, EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE AMOUNTS)
April 2001. The Company may select interest rates on the outstanding
borrowings based on the bank's prime rate or LIBOR rates. The interest
rates range from the bank's prime rate to the bank's prime rate plus
0.75% or LIBOR rates plus 1.75% to LIBOR rates plus 2.50% depending on
the attainment of certain financial covenants, as defined, in the
Credit Agreement. All borrowings under the Credit Agreement at December
31, 1998 were at LIBOR plus 2.50% (8.05% at December 31, 1998). The
Credit Agreement also provides standby letters of credit which reduce
the total borrowings available to the Company. At December 31, 1998,
approximately $2,275 in standby letters of credit were outstanding and
the Company had approximately $9,097 in available borrowings under the
Credit Agreement. All borrowings under the Credit Agreement are secured
by substantially all of the Company's assets which have not been
pledged for other borrowings or certain standby letters of credit.
Among other things, the Credit Agreement restricts the Company's
ability to incur additional indebtedness and requires it to maintain
certain financial ratios. At December 31, 1998, the Company was in
default of a debt covenant and received a waiver from the bank for this
default. Certain borrowings under this Credit Agreement were utilized
to repay the revolving and term loan payable discussed below.
On May 12, 1999, the Company executed an amendment to the Credit
Agreement (the "Amended Agreement") modifying certain financial
covenants and requiring bank approval for all acquisitions. The Amended
Agreement requires that the Company and certain subsidiaries, as
defined, maintain certain specified financial covenants, including a
minimum interest coverage ratio, a maximum funded debt to EBITDA ratio,
a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio, and a maximum debt to
capitalization ratio, each as defined in the Amended Agreement. The
Company expects to be in compliance with these covenants. However, the
Company's ability to satisfy these covenants is dependent on its
ability to substantially achieve its operating plan. The Company will
continue to select interest rates on the outstanding borrowings based
on the banks prime rate or LIBOR rates, however, the interest rates
range from the bank's prime rate to the bank's prime rate plus 1.50% or
LIBOR plus 1.88% to LIBOR plus 3.25% depending on the attainment of a
financial covenant, as defined, in the Amended Agreement.
During 1997, the Company had entered into an Amended and Restated
Revolving and Term Loan and Security Agreement with the same bank which
provided an $11,000 revolving credit facility and $7,500 term loan. At
December 31, 1997, $5,000 and $7,411 were outstanding under the
revolving credit facility and term loan, respectively. The revolving
line of credit interest was at the bank's prime rate plus 0.75% (8.75%
at December 31, 1997) payable monthly. The term loan bore interest at
the bank's prime rate plus 1.25% (9.25% at December 31, 1997), and was
due in monthly installments of $89 plus interest. These obligations
were repaid in July 1998.
(B) The Company leases certain machinery and equipment under capital leases
expiring at various times through 2008. These capital lease obligations
have a weighted average interest rate of 9.46% at December 31, 1998 and
monthly principal and interest payments totaling $129. These
obligations are secured by machinery and equipment with a net carrying
value of $6,702 at December 31, 1998.
(C) A subsidiary of the Company has a $8,000 revolving line of credit
(including $1,000 available for letters of credit) with a bank (the
"Revolving Credit Agreement") which expires in May 2000. Borrowings
under the Revolving Credit Agreement are based on eligible collateral
which includes specified percentages of certain cash, accounts
receivable and inventory, as defined. Interest on borrowings is at
LIBOR rate plus 2.25% (weighted average rate of 7.78% and 9.50% at
December 31, 1998 and 1997, respectively). Among other things, the
Revolving Credit Agreement restricts the subsidiary's ability to incur
additional indebtedness and requires it to maintain certain financial
ratios, as defined.
(D) Promissory note payable to sellers in a business transaction with
interest at 7% and principal due in February 2001.
(E) A subsidiary of the Company financed the construction of a facility by
issuing bonds with a maturity date of November 1, 1999. Interest is
payable monthly at a variable rate, as defined in the bond agreement
(3.2% at December 31, 1998). The bonds contain certain restrictive
covenants for the subsidiary including maintenance of certain financial
ratios and minimum net worth requirements. The bonds are secured by the
facility and the related equipment with an aggregate net carrying value
of $2,138 at December 31, 1998. These bonds were paid in full
subsequent to December 31, 1998.
(F) The notes payable to various commercial lenders bear interest at rates
between 7.90% and 12.5%, with a weighted average interest rate of 8.17%
at December 31, 1998, with monthly payments of principal totaling $18.
The notes mature at various dates through 2002. The notes are secured
by equipment with an aggregate net carrying value of $2,201 at December
31, 1998.
F-18
<PAGE> 87
KTI, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS, EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE AMOUNTS)
(G) A subsidiary has a term loan payable to a private lender. The principal
payments are $7 per month plus interest at 12.5% through May 2007.
(H) During 1997, a subsidiary of the Company entered into a working capital
and term financing agreement (the "Financing Agreement") with a bank.
The balance outstanding at December 31, 1998, is under a $500 working
capital loan which carries interest at the bank's prime rate plus 0.75%
(8.50% at December 31, 1998), is secured by substantially all of the
assets of the subsidiary and expires in April 1999. At December 31,
1997 the Financing Agreement included a term loan with an outstanding
principal balance of $780, with interest at the bank's prime rate plus
1.25% (9.75%) and was secured by equipment with a carrying value of
approximately $1,300; a 5 year mortgage loan with an outstanding
principal balance of $670, with interest at the bank's prime rate plus
1.25% (9.75%) and was secured by certain real estate with a carrying
value of approximately $715; and $105 outstanding under the working
capital loan. The term loan and mortgage loan were repaid in full
during 1998.
(I) On April 1, 1997, the Company and a bank entered into a Second Amended
and Restated Term Note for $607. The bank agreed to forgive $150 of the
outstanding balance under the previous Amended and Restated Term Note.
This amount is included in other income in 1997. The Second Amended and
Restated Term Note was due in monthly installments of $38 plus interest
at the bank's prime rate (8.5% at December 31, 1997). The obligation
was repaid in full during 1998.
PERC Bonds Payable
On June 26, 1998, the Finance Authority of Maine ("FAME") issued $44,995 par
amount Finance Authority of Maine Electric Rate Stabilization Revenue Refunding
Bonds, Series 1998 A and Series B (Penobscot Energy Recovery Company, LP) (the
"1998 Bonds"). The proceeds of the 1998 Bonds were used to repay all of the
outstanding balance due on PERC's existing Floating Rate Demand Resource
Recovery Revenue Bonds (the "1986 Bonds"), which were called for redemption
during July 1998. The redemption resulted in the recognition of an extraordinary
loss of $351 (net of minority interest of $249 and tax of $267) which included
the unamortized portion of the deferred financing costs associated with the
original issuance. The 1998 Bonds are fixed rate bonds with yields ranging from
3.75% to 5.20% with a weighted-average yield of approximately 5.06%.
The 1998 Bonds are subject to mandatory redemption in annual installments of
varying amounts through July 1, 2018. Beginning July 1, 2008, the 1998 Bonds are
subject to redemption at the option of PERC at a redemption price equal to 102%,
through June 30, 2009, 101% for the period July 1, 2009 to June 30, 2010 and
100% thereafter of the principal amount outstanding plus accrued interest.
In conjunction with the refinancing, PERC entered into a loan agreement with
FAME, which contains various provisions including the maintenance of certain
restricted funds and certain restrictive covenants relating to the 1998 Bonds.
The covenants restrict PERC's ability to incur additional indebtedness and
restrict the ability of the general partners to sell, assign or transfer their
general partner interests. The bonds are collateralized by liens on
substantially all of PERC's assets
In connection with the refinancing, the Company issued a $3,000 limited guaranty
of PERC's payment obligation under the Loan Agreement, in the favor of FAME and
the 1998 Bond Trustee. In addition, BHE also issued a guaranty to FAME and the
1998 Bond Trustee in the amount equal to the annual payments for principal and
interest on the 1998 Bonds. Demands on the above guaranties are to be on a
pro-rata basis. If either party shall default under such demand, the other
guarantor is liable for the entire demand, up to the limit on such guarantor's
guaranty. In addition, the 1998 Bonds are insured by Financial Security
Assurance, Inc.
F-19
<PAGE> 88
KTI, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS, EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE AMOUNTS)
At December 31, 1997, two series of the 1986 Bonds totaling $47,900 were
outstanding. The interest rates on the Revenue bonds were based on rates for
certain tax-exempt obligation, as determined weekly by the remarketing agent
for the bonds with a weighted-average interest rate of 4.32% at December 31,
1997.
TERI Revenue Bonds Payable
During June 1997, TERI issued two series of 1997 Industrial Development Revenue
Bonds: Series A in the amount of $13,400 and Series B in the amount of $308. The
Series B bonds carried interest at 10% and were paid in full in December 1997.
The Series A bonds bear interest at 7.0%. The Series A bonds have an annual
sinking fund payment due each December, ($2,030 due December 1, 1999), with
final payment of $4,620 due December 2002. The bond agreements require, among
other things, maintenance of various insurance coverages and restrict the
borrowers ability to incur additional indebtedness. The bonds are collateralized
by liens on TERI's electric generating facility located in Telogia, Florida. The
proceeds from these bonds were utilized to repay certain then outstanding
indebtedness.
Convertible Subordinated Notes
During August 1998, the Company issued $21,099 of Convertible Subordinated Notes
(the "Convertible Notes") in exchange for substantially all the outstanding
shares of the Series B Preferred Stock. This exchange was made in accordance
with the original terms of the Series B Preferred Stock. The Convertible Notes
carry interest at 8.75% and are due in August 2004. In accordance with the terms
of the Convertible Notes established concurrently with the issuance of the
Series B Preferred Stock, the holders of Convertible Notes have the option to
convert the principal amount of the Convertible Notes into shares of the
Company's Common Stock at $11.75 per share. During November 1998, $14,329 of the
then outstanding Convertible Notes were converted to common shares (see Note
10).
Subordinated Notes Payable to Maine Energy Limited Partners
These notes, as amended, bear interest at 12%. Payments of principal and
interest are made solely at the discretion of Maine Energy's general partner.
However, all principal and interest must be repaid prior to any partner
distributions. To the extent interest is not paid, accrued interest is
capitalized. As a holder of a portion of the Subordinated Notes Payable, the
Company is entitled to receive a proportionate share of such payments. At
December 31, 1998 and 1997, Maine Energy had $12,880 and $14,307, respectively,
outstanding under the notes of which the Company held $8,587 and $2,358,
respectively.
Excluding any amounts which may be paid on the subordinated notes payable to the
Maine Energy Limited Partners, aggregate maturities as of December 31, 1998 of
the Company's debt are as follows:
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
1999 $ 9,775
2000 5,960
2001 143,731
2002 6,742
2003 2,065
Thereafter 46,132
</TABLE>
9. PREFERRED STOCK
Series A Preferred Stock
F-20
<PAGE> 89
KTI, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS, EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE AMOUNTS)
In June 1997 the Company sold 487,500 shares of Series A Preferred Stock (the
"Original Series A Preferred") for gross proceeds of $3,900 and net proceeds of
$3,798, and issued 243,750 common stock purchase warrants with an exercise price
of $9.00 per share, subject to adjustment, (the "$9.00 Warrants") and 32,500
common stock purchase warrants with an exercise price of $10.00 per share,
subject to adjustment (the "$10.00 Warrants"). Both the $9.00 Warrants and the
$10.00 Warrants are exercisable at any time until June 4, 2003. The $9.00
Warrants and the $10.00 Warrants had an aggregate fair value of $524 at the date
of issuance which has been accounted for as additional paid-in capital. During
1998, 234,500 of the $9.00 Warrants and 31,267 of the $10.00 Warrants were
exercised. At December 31, 1998, 9,250 of the $9.00 Warrants and 1,233 of the
$10.00 Warrants remained outstanding.
In October 1997, 40,000 shares of the Original Series A Preferred were
converted into 40,000 shares of common stock. In December 1997, the remaining
outstanding shares of Original Series A Preferred were converted into newly
issued Series C Preferred Stock. The Series C Preferred Stock was subsequently
renamed Series A Preferred ("Series A Preferred"). During the first quarter of
1998, all of the remaining 447,500 shares of the Series A Preferred were
converted into 447,500 shares of common stock.
The Company accreted the carrying value of the Series A Preferred by $42 and
$228 in 1998 and 1997, respectively, representing periodic accretion to the
mandatory redemption value of $12.00 per share and $472 in 1997 which represents
the difference between the initial allocated value of the Series A Preferred and
the initial conversion rate.
Series B Preferred Stock
In August 1997, the Company sold 856,000 shares of Series B Convertible
Preferred Stock (the "Series B Preferred") for gross proceeds of $21,400 and net
proceeds to the Company of $19,984. Dividends at an annual rate of 8.75% were
cumulative and were payable quarterly.
Except under certain circumstances, principally resulting from the non-payment
of dividends or a change of control of the Company, as defined, the Series B
Preferred were non-voting. The Series B Preferred placed certain restrictions on
the Company's ability to issue securities in parity with, or senior to, the
Series B Preferred. These restrictions principally involved the Company
satisfying certain financial ratios, as defined.
In June 1998, the Company exercised its option to exchange all of the
outstanding shares of the Series B Preferred for the Company's Convertible
Subordinated Notes due August 2004. During August 1998, 843,960 shares of Series
B Preferred were exchanged for Convertible Subordinated Notes pursuant to their
original terms at a conversion price of $25.00 per share totaling $21,099. The
remaining 12,040 shares were converted at the holder's option into 25,531 shares
of common stock at a conversion price of $11.75 per share and $1 in exchange for
fractional shares.
10. STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
In November 1998, $14,329 of the Convertible Subordinated Notes were exchanged
for 1,219,489 shares of common stock at $11.75 per share. The conversion
included a premium equal to 3.0% of the face value of the Subordinated
Convertible Notes and nine months forward interest at 8.75%, paid to the
Convertible Subordinated noteholders in the form of 63,910 shares of common
stock valued at $21.44 per share. The premium, aggregating $1,370, was recorded
as interest expense.
During 1998, the Company issued warrants to purchase 40,000 shares of its common
stock at prices ranging from $15.31 to $22.25 per share to certain members of
the Board of Directors. These warrants expire ten years from the date of issue
with 7,500 of the warrants exercisable immediately and the remaining warrants
exercisable beginning
F-21
<PAGE> 90
KTI, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS, EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE AMOUNTS)
one year from the date of issue. These warrants had an aggregate fair value of
$205 at the date of issuance which was recorded as compensation expense during
1998. All such warrants remain outstanding at December 31, 1998.
The Company issued warrants to purchase 130,000 shares of the Company's common
stock at prices ranging from $19.75 to $21.88 per share in connection with
certain business acquisitions during 1998. These warrants have a ten year life,
and vest ratably over a 60-month period, beginning one month after the date of
issue. All such warrants remain outstanding at December 31,1998.
During 1997, the Company issued warrants to purchase 149,750 shares of its
common stock at prices ranging from $5.71 to $10.00 as consideration for
services rendered in connection with certain equity issuances. These warrants
are exercisable at any time and expire at various dates ranging from April 30,
2001 to August 15, 2002. During 1998, warrants to purchase 30,592 shares of the
Company's common stock were exercised and warrants to purchase 119,158 shares of
the Company's common stock remain outstanding at December 31, 1998.
In February 1997, the Company issued 10,500 shares of its common stock and
warrants to purchase an additional 2,100 shares at a price of $8.10 in
connection with the purchase of certain minority interests in a subsidiary.
These warrants were exercised during 1998.
In connection with certain debt obligations issued during 1996, the Company
issued warrants to purchase 420,572 shares of common stock at $5.71 per share.
The aggregate original issue discount representing the fair value of the
warrants was $144. These warrants are exercisable at any time and expire at
various dates from March 31, 2001 to June 30, 2001. During 1998 and 1997,
warrants to purchase 39,900 and 259,015, respectively, shares of common stock
were exercised and at December 31, 1998, warrants to purchase 121,657 shares
remain outstanding.
During 1996, the Company issued warrants to purchase 210,000 shares of its
common stock at a price of $7.10 per share as consideration for consulting
services. During 1998 and 1997, warrants to purchase 50,000 and 160,000 shares
of common stock, respectively, were exercised.
In September of 1996, the Company issued warrants to purchase 26,250 shares of
common stock to an officer of the Company, at an exercise price of $8.08. These
warrants vested 100% one year from the date of issue and have a 10-year life.
All such warrants remain outstanding at December 31, 1998.
In addition, warrants issued prior to 1996 to purchase 87,499 shares of common
stock at $5.71 per share were exercised during 1998.
As of December 31, 1998, the Company has reserved shares of common stock for
issuance as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Number
of Shares
---------
<S> <C>
Conversion of Convertible Subordinated Notes Payable 588,774
Exercise of common stock purchase warrants 482,473
Exercise of common stock options 2,177,068
Employee savings plan 191,668
---------
3,439,983
=========
</TABLE>
Certain of the Company's outstanding warrants contain provisions which allow for
the conversion of such warrants into a lesser number of shares without the
payment of cash into the Company (so-called "cashless exercise" provisions).
Accordingly, there can be no assurance that, even if all such warrants are
exercised, the Company will receive all the aggregate gross proceeds.
F-22
<PAGE> 91
KTI, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS, EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE AMOUNTS)
11. STOCK OPTION PLANS
The Company has four stock option plans; the 1986 Stock Option Plan of KTI (the
"1986 Plan"), the KTI 1994 Long-Term Incentive Award Plan and the DataFocus
Long-Term Incentive Plan (collectively, the "1994 Incentive Plans") and the KTI
Directors Stock Option Plan (the "Directors Plan"). All plans are administered
by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors.
The Company has elected to follow Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25,
Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees ("APB 25") and related Interpretations
in accounting for its employee stock options because, as discussed below, the
alternative fair value accounting provided for under SFAS No. 123, Accounting
for Stock-Based Compensation, ("SFAS No. 123") requires use of option valuation
models that were not developed for use in valuing employee stock options. Under
APB 25, because the exercise price of the Company's employee stock options
equals the market price of the underlying stock on the date of grant, no
compensation expense is recognized.
Elements of the various plans include the following:
THE 1986 PLAN. A maximum of 66,190 shares are subject to the 1986 Plan. Options
were granted at prices not less than the fair market value at the date of grant.
All options granted had 10 year terms and vested immediately. No new options can
be granted under this plan.
THE 1994 INCENTIVE PLANS. A maximum of 1,383,333 shares are subject to grant
under the 1994 Incentive Plans. Options may be granted at prices not less than
the fair market value at the date of grant. All grants prior to January 1, 1998
primarily vest at 20% per year beginning one year from the date of grant. Grants
subsequent to January 1, 1998 vest ratably over a 60-month period beginning one
month from the date of grant. Vested options may be exercised at any time until
their expiration which may be up to ten years from the date of grant. Unvested
options are forfeited upon termination of employment.
THE DIRECTORS PLAN. A maximum of 200,000 shares are subject to the Directors
Plan. Under the Directors Plan, non-employee Directors are automatically granted
non-statutory options on August 1 of each year. The number of shares granted is
equal to the lesser of (i) 7,500 shares or (ii) a number of shares having a
maximum market value of $68. Options granted may not be exercised within one
year of grant and have 10 year terms.
In addition to the Plans described above, the Company's Board of Directors from
time to time has granted key employees non-plan options. During 1998 and 1997,
the Board of Directors made non-plan option grants. These non-plan options have
a ten-year term, and were granted at the then current fair market value. The
1997 grants vested on the date of grant. The 1998 grants had vesting schedules
ranging from immediate vesting to ratably over a 60-month period beginning one
month from the date of grant.
F-23
<PAGE> 92
w KTI, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS, EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE AMOUNTS)
Option activities under the plans and for the non-plan options are detailed in
the following table:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1994 Weighted
Incentive Average Exercise
1986 Plan Plans Director Plan Non-Plan Price Per Share
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Outstanding at January 1, 1996 15,263 542,566 16,800 52,500 $ 6.28
Granted 225,475 31,500 7.23
Exercised (55,346) 5.38
Forfeited (238,355) 6.15
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Outstanding at January 1, 1997 15,263 474,340 48,300 52,500 6.82
Granted 169,500 37,500 175,000 10.03
Exercised (85,353) 5.89
Forfeited (46,356) 7.75
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Outstanding at January 1, 1998 15,263 512,131 85,800 227,500 8.33
Granted 884,250 30,000 495,000 16.86
Exercised (15,263) (80,720) (21,324) (118,375) 8.00
Forfeited (129,815) (149,000) 15.54
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Outstanding at December 31, 1998 1,185,846 94,476 455,125 $14.11
=====================================================================================
Exercisable at December 31, 1998 254,383 64,476 218,636 $12.11
=====================================================================================
</TABLE>
The weighted-average fair value of options granted was $8.60, $4.95 and $5.12
for 1998, 1997 and 1996, respectively.
At December 31, 1998, for each of the following classes of options as determined
by range of exercise price, information regarding weighted-average exercise
prices and weighted-average remaining contractual lives of each class is as
follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Weighted-Average
Weighted-Average Remaining Number of Weighted-Average
Number of Exercise Price of Contractual Life of Options Exercise Price of
Options Outstanding Outstanding Options Currently Options Currently
Option Class Outstanding Options (Years) Exercisable Exercisable
- ----------------------------- ------------- ------------------- --------------------- ------------- -------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Price of $4.70 to $7.05 207,094 $ 6.51 6.70 111,121 $ 6.39
Price of $7.051 to $9.40 319,400 $ 8.64 8.00 157,524 $ 8.63
Price of $9.401 to $11.75 21,620 $10.18 8.50 8,737 $10.18
Price of $14.01 to $18.80 934,833 $16.09 9.10 243,955 $16.52
Price of $18.801 to $23.50 252,500 $20.27 9.60 16,158 $19.76
---------- --------
Total 1,735,447 $14.11 8.70 537,495 $12.11
</TABLE>
F-24
<PAGE> 93
KTI, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS, EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE AMOUNTS)
Pro forma information regarding net income and earnings per share is required by
SFAS No. 123, and has been determined as if the Company had been accounting for
its employee stock options under the fair value method of that statement. The
fair value of these options was estimated at the date of grant using a
Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions for 1998, 1997
and 1996, respectively: weighted average risk-free interest rates of 5.5%, 5.9%
and 6.5%; no dividends; volatility factors of the expected market price of the
Company's common stock of .517, .494 and .642; and weighted-average expected
life of 5 years, 5 years and 8 years.
The Black-Scholes option valuation model was developed for use in estimating the
fair value of traded options which have no vesting restrictions and are fully
transferable. In addition, option valuation models require the input of highly
subjective assumptions including the expected stock price volatility. Because
the Company's employee stock options have characteristics significantly
different from those of traded options, and because changes in the subjective
input assumptions can materially affect the fair value estimate, in management's
opinion, the existing models do not necessarily provide a reliable single
measure of the fair value of its employee stock options.
For purposes of pro forma disclosures, the estimated fair value of the options
granted subsequent to 1994 is amortized to expense over the options' vesting
period. The Company's pro forma information follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1998 1997 1996
---- ---- ----
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Pro forma net income available for
common shareholders $ 3,417 $ 5,892 $13,302
Pro forma basic earnings per share $ 0.32 $ 0.80 $ 2.19
Pro forma diluted earnings per share $ 0.30 $ 0.74 $ 2.00
</TABLE>
The pro forma disclosures presented above reflect compensation expense only for
options granted subsequent to 1994. These amounts may not necessarily be
indicative of the pro forma effect of SFAS No. 123 for future periods in which
options may be granted.
12. EARNINGS PER SHARE
The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per
share:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1998 1997 1996
------------ ------------ ------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Numerator:
Income from continuing operations $ 7,069 $ 8,092 $ 16,628
Preferred stock dividends (1,091) (708)
Accretion of preferred stock (42) (700)
------------ ------------ ------------
Numerator for basic earnings per share-income from
continuing operations available to common
stockholders 5,936 6,684 16,628
Effective of dilutive securities :
Convertible subordinated notes payable (1) 345 514
------------ ------------ ------------
Numerator for diluted earnings per share-income from
continuing operations available to common
stockholders after assumed conversions $ 5,936 $ 7,029 $ 17,142
============ ============ ============
</TABLE>
F-25
<PAGE> 94
KTI, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS, EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE AMOUNTS)
<TABLE>
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Denominator:
Denominator for basic earnings per share-weighted
average shares 10,548,570 7,403,681 6,081,503
Effect of dilutive securities:
Employee stock options 517,426 203,883 55,043
Warrants 332,155 342,382 109,089
Convertible preferred stock (1)
Convertible subordinated notes payable (1) 476,244 688,053
------------ ------------ ------------
Dilutive potential common shares 849,581 1,022,509 852,185
------------ ------------ ------------
Denominator for diluted earnings per share-adjusted
weighted-average shares and assumed conversions 11,398,151 8,426,190 6,933,688
============ ============ ============
Income from continuing operations per share-Basic $ 0.56 $ 0.90 $ 2.73
============ ============ ============
Income from continuing operations per share-Diluted $ 0.52 $ 0.83 $ 2.47
============ ============ ============
</TABLE>
(1) Preferred shares outstanding during the year and the convertible
subordinated notes payable are anti-dilutive in 1998 and the preferred shares
were anti-dilutive in 1997.
For additional disclosures regarding dilutive securities see Notes 8 through 11.
13. INCOME TAXES
At December 31, 1998 the Company has net operating loss carryforwards of
approximately $51,000 for income tax purposes that expire in years 2002 through
2018 and general business credit carryfowards of approximately $530 which expire
in years 1999 through 2006. All of these carryforwards are subject to limitation
as described below. In addition, the Company has $906 of minimum tax credit
carryovers available that are not subject to limitation.
F-26
<PAGE> 95
KTI, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS, EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE AMOUNTS)
Significant components of the Company's deferred tax assets and liabilities are
as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DECEMBER 31,
----------------------------------------
1998 1997 1996
-------- -------- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Deferred tax assets
Current:
Alternative minimum tax credit carryforwards $ 906 $ 815
General business credit carryforwards 204
Net operating loss carryforwards 2,191 1,930
Reserve on notes and accounts receivable 525 65 $ 37
State taxes, net 7 14 14
Other liabilities 999 22 47
-------- -------- --------
Total current deferred tax assets 4,832 2,846 98
Valuation allowance for current deferred tax assets (95) (98)
-------- -------- --------
Net current deferred tax assets 4,832 2,751
-------- -------- --------
Non-current:
Deferred revenues 9,893 9,830 10,814
Basis difference in partnership interest 14,127 14,555 118
State taxes, net 597 1,266 1,783
General business credit carryforwards 326 530 530
Alternative minimum tax credit carryforwards 687
Deferred development fees 104 110 117
Net operating loss carrywards 15,714 13,098 16,655
-------- -------- --------
Total non-current deferred tax assets 40,761 39,389 30,704
Valuation allowance for non-current deferred tax assets (4,095) (7,160) (13,883)
-------- -------- --------
Net non-current deferred tax assets 36,666 32,229 16,821
Non-current deferred tax liabilities:
Goodwill amortization on asset purchases (107)
Deferred development expenses (61)
Depreciation (39,160) (32,229) (16,821)
-------- -------- --------
Net non-current deferred taxes $ (2,662) $ -- $ --
======== ======== ========
</TABLE>
F-27
<PAGE> 96
KTI, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS, EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE AMOUNTS)
Significant components of the provision for (benefit for) income taxes on
continuing operations before extraordinary item are as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
-------------------------------------
1998 1997 1996
------- ------- -------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Current:
Federal $ 746 $ 65
State 144 100
------- ------- -------
Total current 890 165
Deferred:
Federal 2,653 2,118 $ 5,075
State 663 240 863
Valuation allowance (3,160) (5,109) (5,938)
------- ------- -------
Total deferred 156 (2,751)
------- ------- -------
$ 1,046 $(2,586) $
======= ======= =======
</TABLE>
The components of the provision for (benefit from) deferred income taxes on
continuing operations before extraordinary item for 1998, 1997, and 1996 are as
follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
----------------------------------------
1998 1997 1996
-------- -------- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Deferred revenues $ 973 $ 984 $(10,814)
Net operating loss carryforwards 1,648 1,627 (635)
General business and minimum tax credit carryforwards (91) (128) 320
Basis difference in partnership interests 1,103 388 17,875
State taxes, net 423 240 110
Deferred development fees (2) 7 3
Goodwill amortization on asset acquisitions 107
Depreciation (636) (757) (1,110)
Change in reserve on receivables (368) (28) 13
Accrued and other expenses 159 25 176
Change in valuation allowance (3,160) (5,109) (5,938)
-------- -------- --------
Provision (benefit) for deferred income taxes $ 156 $ (2,751) $
======== ======== ========
</TABLE>
The reconciliation of income tax computed at the federal statutory tax rates to
provision (benefit) for income taxes on continuing operations before
extraordinary item is:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
-------------------------------------
1998 1997 1996
------- ------- -------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Tax at US statutory rates $ 2,840 $ 1,940 $ 5,033
State income taxes, net of federal tax benefit 525 333 863
Amortization of goodwill 812 250 42
Change in valuation allowance (3,160) (5,109) (5,938)
Other 29
------- ------- -------
$ 1,046 $(2,586) $
======= ======= =======
</TABLE>
F-28
<PAGE> 97
KTI, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS, EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE AMOUNTS)
The Tax Reform Act of 1986 enacted a complex set of rules limiting the potential
utilization of net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards in periods
following a corporate "ownership change". In general, for federal income tax
purposes, an ownership change is deemed to occur if the percentage of stock of a
loss corporation owned (actually, constructively and, in some cases, deemed) by
one or more "5% shareholders" has increased by more than 50 percentage points
over the lowest percentage of such stock owned during a three-year testing
period. During 1994, such a change in ownership occurred. As a result of the
change, the Company's ability to utilize certain of its net operating loss
carryforwards and general business credits will be limited to approximately
$1,200 of taxable income, or approximately $375 of equivalent credit per year.
This limitation may be increased if the Company recognizes a gain on the
disposition of an asset which had a fair market value greater than its tax basis
on the date of the ownership change.
The Company recorded net operating loss carryforwards of $25,580, $12,525 and
$525 related to the acquisition of TEII, FCR and Total Waste Management, Inc.,
respectively, which are also subject to a corporate "ownership change". As a
result of the change, the Company's ability to utilize the net operating loss
carryforwards are limited to approximately $989, $3,219 and $71 per year,
respectively.
14. COMMITMENTS
The Company has entered into various facility and equipment operating leases.
The facility lease agreements generally require the Company to pay certain
expenses including maintenance costs and a percentage of real estate taxes. The
leases expire at various times ranging through 2007. Rental expense for all
operating leases including facilities, amounted to approximately $3,747, $1,192
and $145 for the years ended December 31, 1998, 1997 and 1996, respectively.
Included in the Company's operating leases are leases of certain administrative
offices from companies whose principals include certain officers and
shareholders of the Company. Rent expense under these leases was $708, $96 and
$110 for the years ended December 31, 1998, 1997 and 1996, respectively. In
addition, the Company leases certain other office and operating facilities from
individuals who are shareholders and employees. As of December 31, 1998, future
minimum rental commitments on non-cancelable operating leases, are as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
THIRD-PARTY RELATED-PARTY
LEASES LEASES
---------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
1999 $ 3,920 $ 815
2000 3,252 815
2001 2,685 785
2002 2,127 675
2003 1,565 480
Thereafter 3,826 1,280
</TABLE>
The Company has entered into employment agreements with certain of its key
employees which provide for fixed compensation and bonuses based on operating
results, as defined. These agreements generally continue until terminated by the
employee or the Company and, under certain circumstances, provide for salary
continuation for a specified period. At December 31, 1998 the Company's maximum
aggregate liability under the agreements if all the employees were terminated by
the Company is $13,129.
In connection with their operations, Maine Energy, TERI and PERC have entered
into certain contractual agreements with respect to the supply and acceptance of
municipal solid waste and the sale of electric power.
F-29
<PAGE> 98
KTI, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS, EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE AMOUNTS)
In 2007, certain of Maine Energy's municipal customers have the right to obtain
a 20% interest in Maine Energy's cash flows, as defined in certain agreements,
to be applied against the municipalities' future waste disposal costs.
FCR Plastics, Inc. ("Plastics"), a subsidiary of FCR, has committed to fund a
maximum of $700 towards the construction of certain machinery and equipment on
behalf of a customer. The equipment will be located within Plastics facility and
the customer will repay the total cost of the equipment up to Plastics maximum
contribution of $700. Repayment of the notes will commence as soon as
installation of the equipment is complete.
On December 31, the Company acquired a 35% interest in the Oakhurst Company,
Inc. ("Oakhurst") for approximately $900. Oakhurst is a public holding company
which owns two businesses which are distributors in the automotive aftermarket.
As part of this transaction, the Company assigned its interest in a joint
venture with Grace Brothers, Ltd. and SC Fundamental Investments L.P., the
majority bond holders of the Ford Heights, Illinois Waste Tire to Energy
Project, to own and operate this facility. Due to amendments to the Illinois
Retail Rate Act, which repealed certain incentives to the facility, it was
closed during startup testing and the owner sought protection under federal
bankruptcy laws. On December 28, the bankruptcy court in Delaware approved the
amended Plan of Reorganization which provided for the Company and the
bondholders each to own 50% of the reorganized entity which was renamed New
Heights Recovery & Power, LLC ("New Heights"). The bondholders converted
$80,000 in bonds and other claims into equity and KTI committed to investing up
to $17,000 in equity while working capital, retrofitting and upgrading of the
facility. During 1998, the Company advanced $1,500 to Oakhurst. This amount is
included in notes receivable-officers/shareholders and affiliates at December
31, 1998.
During 1997, FCR acquired a company whereby the former shareholder of the
Company may receive up to $2,000 of additional consideration. The amount of the
additional consideration will be based on the earnings of the Company for the 12
months ended April 30 ,1998 and 1999, as defined in the purchase agreement. Any
additional consideration will be recorded as an addition to goodwill. Of the
potential additional consideration $924 was advanced at closing and is recorded
as a note receivable from the former shareholder. Upon reaching the earnings
targets discussed above, this amount will be reclassified to goodwill.
15. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN
The Company has established defined contribution employee savings and investment
retirement plans under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code which cover
substantially all employees after satisfying certain eligibility requirements.
The Company contributes on behalf of each participating employee an amount as
defined in the plans. The Company's contribution was approximately $596, $290
and $164 for the years ended December 31, 1998, 1997 and 1996, respectively.
Included in the 1998, 1997 and 1996 Company contributions were 4,215, 4,117 and
4,322 shares, respectively, of the Company's common stock. The 4,322 shares
contributed for 1996 were purchased by the Company from third parties. The
aggregate fair value of the stock was $41, $35 and $32, respectively.
16. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
The Company receives an annual management fee (adjusted annually for changes in
the Consumer Price Index) as co-general partner of PERC. During the year ended
December 31, 1996, the Company earned management fees of approximately $418. All
such amounts are eliminated in consolidation in 1998 and 1997.
During 1998, the Company advanced $1,500 to New Heights with an interest rate at
14%. The advance is due in 2001 and is recorded as a note receivable-affiliate
at December 31, 1998.
F-30
<PAGE> 99
KTI, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS, EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE AMOUNTS)
17. FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
The estimated fair values of financial instruments have been determined by the
Company using available market information and appropriate valuation
methodologies. However, considerable judgment is required in interpreting market
data to develop the estimates of fair value. Accordingly, the estimates
presented herein are not necessarily indicative of the amounts the Company could
realize in a current market exchange. The carrying amount and estimated fair
values of financial instruments at December 31, 1998 and 1997 are summarized as
follows:
The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of
financial instruments:
Cash, restricted cash and accounts receivable--the carrying
amounts reported in the balance sheet for cash, cash
equivalents, restricted funds including debt securities, and
accounts receivable approximate their fair value.
Notes and other receivables--the fair value is estimated using
discounted cash flow analyses, using appropriate interest
rates.
Resource Recovery Revenue Bonds Payable--the fair value of
bonds payable is estimated using discounted cash flow
analyses, using appropriate interest rates.
Other Debt--the fair value is estimated based on discounting
the estimated future cash flows using the Company's
incremental borrowing rate for similar debt instruments.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DECEMBER 31, 1998 DECEMBER 31, 1997
------------------------- -------------------------
CARRYING ESTIMATED CARRYING ESTIMATED
AMOUNT FAIR VALUE AMOUNT FAIR VALUE
-------- ---------- -------- ----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents $ 9,426 $ 9,426 $ 11,181 $ 11,181
Restricted cash 23,438 23,438 19,630 19,630
Accounts receivable, net 29,272 29,272 22,126 22,126
Notes receivable,
officers/shareholders
and affiliates 3,392 3,642 110 90
Other receivables 7,183 6,785 732 618
Stock purchase warrant included in
other assets 3,814 6,459
LIABILITIES
Resources Recovery
Revenue Bonds Payable 56,630 56,630 61,300 61,300
Other debt 162,068 162,484 32,967 27,625
</TABLE>
18. SEGMENT REPORTING
Information as to the operations of the Company in different business segments
is set forth below based on the nature of the services and products offered. The
Company evaluates performance and allocates resources based on profit or loss
from operations before interest and income taxes. The accounting policies of the
business segments are the same as those described in the summary of significant
accounting policies. Intersegment sales are accounted for at fair value as if
the sales were to third parties.
F-31
<PAGE> 100
KTI, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS, EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE AMOUNTS)
During 1998, the Company operated in the business units as indicated below.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
COMMERCIAL FINISHED RESIDENTIAL
WASTE-TO-ENERGY RECYCLING PRODUCTS RECYCLING
--------------- ---------- -------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Revenues
Unaffiliated customers $ 90,666 $ 68,139 $ 22,346 $ 11,782
Intersegment revenues 273 5,307 427 770
Segment Profit (Loss) 27,182 (412) 826 1,349
Depreciation and Amortization 8,309 2,303 1,095 1,082
Identifiable Assets 221,489 56,557 54,850 65,662
Capital Expenditures 4,812 1,904 1,786 42
</TABLE>
During 1997, the Company operated in the business units indicated below.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
COMMERCIAL FINISHED
WASTE-TO-ENERGY RECYCLING PRODUCTS
--------------- ---------- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Revenues
Unaffiliated customers $ 71,802 $ 17,694 $ 6,523
Intersegment revenues 2,766 1,342 636
Segment Profit 16,625 490 129
Depreciation and Amortization 8,463 340 90
Identifiable Assets 199,914 36,791 1,575
Capital Expenditures 4,496 198 63
</TABLE>
During 1996, the Company only operated in the waste-to-energy business unit.
This segment reporting detailed above reconciles to consolidated revenues and
income from continuing operations before provision (benefit) for income taxes
and extraordinary item as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
--------------------------
1998 1997
--------- ---------
<S> <C> <C>
REVENUES
Total unaffiliated customers revenue for reportable segments $ 192,933 $ 96,019
Holding companies revenues 44 138
Intersegment revenues for reportable segments 6,777 4,744
Elimination of intersegment revenues (6,777) (4,744)
--------- ---------
Total consolidated revenues $ 192,977 $ 96,157
--------- ---------
PROFIT AND LOSS
Total segment profit $ 28,945 $ 17,244
Holding companies segment loss (4,755) (711)
--------- ---------
Total segment profit 24,190 16,533
--------- ---------
Unallocated amounts:
Interest expense, net 10,667 5,086
Other income (390)
Minority interest 5,408 1,609
Pre-acquisition earnings 4,722
--------- ---------
Income from continuing operations before provision (benefit)
for income taxes and extraordinary item $ 8,115 $ 5,506
========= =========
</TABLE>
F-32
<PAGE> 101
KTI, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS, EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE AMOUNTS)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DECEMBER 31,
-----------------------
1998 1997
-------- --------
<S> <C> <C>
ASSETS
Total identifiable assets for reportable segments $398,558 $238,280
Holding companies assets 24,408 4,203
-------- --------
Total consolidated assets $422,966 $242,483
======== ========
</TABLE>
19. CONTINGENCIES
The Company is a defendant in a consolidated purported class action, which
alleges violations of certain sections of the federal securities laws. The
Company believes the allegations are without merit and intends to defend the
litigation vigorously.
Two lawsuits have been filed against a subsidiary of the Company and certain of
its officers, alleging fraud and tortious interference. The actions are based on
two contracts between the plaintiff and the subsidiary, which contracts require
all disputes to be resolved by arbitration. Arbitration proceedings have
commenced. The Company believes it has meritorious defenses to the allegations.
The former majority shareholder of a company acquired by a subsidiary of the
Company instigated arbitration proceedings against the Company and two of its
subsidiaries, alleging the subsidiaries acted to frustrate the "earn-out"
provisions of the acquisition agreement and thereby precluding him from
receiving or, alternatively, reducing the sum to which he was entitled to
receive. He also alleges his employment agreement was wrongfully terminated.
The claim for arbitration alleges direct charges in excess of $5,000 and
requests punitive damages, treble damages and attorneys fees. The Company and
its subsidiaries have responded to the demand, denying liability and filed a
counterclaim for $1,000 for misrepresentations. The Company believes it has
meritorious defenses to the claims.
The Company is involved in certain litigation arising from the normal course of
its business. In the opinion of management, the outcome of these matters
individually and in the aggregate will not have a material effect on the
Company's financial position, cash flows or results of operations.
20. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
On May 12, 1999, the Company entered into an amended Agreement and Plan of
Merger (the "Merger Agreement") with Casella Waste Systems, Inc., ("Casella")
a publicly-owned company engaged in the waste services industry. This Merger
Agreement was an amendment to the original agreement dated January 12, 1999.
The merger will be completed through the exchange of all of shares of the
Company's common stock for shares of Casella's Class A common stock based on an
exchange ratio specified in the Merger Agreement. In addition, all of the
Company's outstanding and unexercised stock options and stock purchase warrants
will be converted into similar rights to acquire Casella's Class A common stock
under the same terms and conditions and the same exchange ratio. Subsequent to
the completion of the merger the current Casella stockholders will own a
majority of the combined company. Under the terms of the Merger Agreement,
Casella is required to file a registration statement with the Securities and
Exchange Commission to register the shares of its Class A common stock to be
issued in the Merger. The merger is subject to, among other things, approval of
the Company's and Casella's stockholders. The merger is intended to qualify as a
pooling of interests. No assurances can be given that the remaining conditions
of the Merger will be satisfied and that the merger will be consummated. Upon
consummation of the merger, the Company will pay fees to its investment bankers
and recognize certain other merger related costs which have been deferred.
During January 1999, the Company completed the acquisition of AFA Group, Inc.
and subsidiaries, an integrated wood waste processing and hauling business. The
purchase price was approximately $9,500. The Company expects to account for this
acquisition as a pooling of interests.
During March 1999, the Company signed a definitive agreement to acquire a
company which operates a material recovery facility. The acquisition is expected
to close on June 30, 1999 upon the resolution of a contingency, as outlined in
the purchase agreement. The purchase price is expected to be approximately
$5,600 of which $250 was paid at the signing of the definitive agreement.
21. QUARTERLY DATA (UNAUDITED)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1998
-------------------------------------------------------------
First Second Third Fourth
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Revenues $ 37,632 $ 49,458 $ 46,195 $ 59,692
Gross Profit 6,999 14,659 7,865 2,396
</TABLE>
F-33
<PAGE> 102
KTI, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS, EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE AMOUNTS)
<TABLE>
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Income (loss) from continuing
operations before extraordinary item 1,992 5,222 3,940 (4,085)
Net income (loss) $ 1,992 $ 4,727 $ 3,940 $ (3,941)
Earnings per share:
Basic:
Income (loss) from continuing
operations before extraordinary item $ 0.16 $ 0.49 $ 0.36 $ (0.31)
Net income (loss) $ 0.16 $ 0.44 $ 0.36 $ (0.31)
Diluted:
Income (loss) from continuing
operations before extraordinary item $ 0.15 $ 0.42 $ 0.32 $ (0.31)
Net income (loss) $ 0.15 $ 0.38 $ 0.32 $ (0.31)
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1997
-------------------------------------------------------------
First Second Third Fourth
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Revenues $ 18,431 $ 20,481 $ 26,848 $ 30,397
Gross Profit 4,659 5,241 6,319 3,292
Income from continuing
operations before extraordinary item 1,359 776 2,396 3,561
Net income $ 1,359 $ 776 $ 2,396 $ 3,561
Earnings per share:
Basic:
Income from continuing
operations before extraordinary item $ 0.20 $ 0.04 $ 0.29 $ 0.34
Net income $ 0.20 $ 0.04 $ 0.29 $ 0.34
Diluted:
Income from continuing
operations before extraordinary item $ 0.19 $ 0.04 $ 0.26 $ 0.30
Net income $ 0.19 $ 0.04 $ 0.26 $ 0.30
</TABLE>
F-34
<PAGE> 103
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS
Partners
Penobscot Energy Recovery Company
We have audited the accompanying statements of income, changes in partners'
capital and cash flows of Penobscot Energy Recovery Company, Limited Partnership
for the year ended December 31, 1996. These financial statements are the
responsibility of the Partnership's management. Our responsibility is to express
an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards.
Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable
assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material
misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting
the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes
assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.
We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in
all material respects, the results of operations and cash flows of Penobscot
Energy Recovery Company for the year ended December 31, 1996 in conformity with
generally accepted accounting principles.
Ernst & Young LLP
February 7, 1997
F-35
<PAGE> 104
Penobscot Energy Recovery Company, Limited Partnership
Statement of Income
Year ended December 31, 1996
(In Thousands)
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
Revenues:
Electric power revenues $ 18,487
Waste processing revenues 11,807
--------
Total 30,294
Operating expenses:
Supplemental fuels 1,026
Electric power purchases 124
Disposal costs 4,880
Operating and management fees 5,353
Equipment and maintenance costs 3,196
Depreciation 3,680
Real estate taxes 556
Insurance 350
Other 1,849
--------
Total 21,014
--------
Operating income 9,280
Interest and other financing costs, net (3,170)
--------
Net income $ 6,110
========
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes.
F-36
<PAGE> 105
Penobscot Energy Recovery Company, Limited Partnership
Statement Of Changes In Partners' Capital
Year ended December 31, 1996
(In Thousands)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
GENERAL PARTNERS LIMITED PARTNERS TOTAL
------------------------ ---------------------------- --------------------------
RETAINED RETAINED RETAINED
CONTRIBUTED EARNINGS CONTRIBUTED EARNINGS CONTRIBUTED EARNINGS
CAPITAL (DEFICIT) CAPITAL (DEFICIT) CAPITAL (DEFICIT)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Balance, January 1, 1996 $ 2,908 $ 238 $ 23,031 $ 2,139 $ 25,939 $ 2,377
Distributions (193) (2,141) (2,334)
Net income 611 5,499 6,110
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance, December 31, 1996 $ 2,715 $ 849 $ 20,890 $ 7,638 $ 23,605 $ 8,487
======================================================================================
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes.
F-37
<PAGE> 106
Penobscot Energy Recovery Company, Limited Partnership
Statement Of Cash Flows
Year ended December 31, 1996
(In Thousands)
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
Operating activities
Net income $ 6,110
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net
cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization 4,085
Changes in asset and liability accounts:
Increasing (decreasing) cash:
Accounts receivable (729)
Prepaid expenses and other assets (91)
Accounts payable 327
Accrued expenses and other liabilities (1,010)
Management and development fees payable (199)
-------
Net cash provided by operating activities 8,493
Investing activities
Additions to property, plant and equipment (1,192)
Net change in restricted funds (117)
Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment 25
-------
Net cash used in investing activities (1,284)
Financing activities
Payment of bond principal (5,900)
Distributions (2,334)
-------
Net cash used in financing activities (8,234)
-------
(Decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents (1,025)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 6,465
-------
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year $ 5,440
=======
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information
Interest paid $ 2,426
=======
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes.
F-38
<PAGE> 107
PENOBSCOT ENERGY RECOVERY COMPANY, LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER 31, 1996
1. ORGANIZATION AND DESCRIPTION OF OPERATIONS
Penobscot Energy Recovery Company, Limited Partnership ("PERC") is a limited
partnership formed on December 28, 1983 and organized to design, construct,
operate, own and manage a facility located in Orrington, Maine for the
conversion of solid waste and supplemental fuel to electric power (the
"Project"). Certain contractual agreements relating to this facility have been
entered into, including agreements with respect to the supply of solid waste,
the sale of electric power, and operation and maintenance of the facility.
PERC Management Company ("PMC"), which is ultimately owned by KTI, Inc. ("KTI"),
and Energy National, Inc. ("ENI") are general partners. As of December 31, 1996,
ENI and another entity were limited partners. As of December 31, 1996, the
ownership interests of the partners were as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
OWNERSHIP INTERESTS
----------------------------------
GENERAL PARTNERS LIMITED PARTNERS
----------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
PMC 7%
ENI 3 25.7%
Other limited partner 64.3%
----------------------------------
10% 90.0%
==================================
</TABLE>
Profits and losses are to be allocated 10% to the general partners and 90% to
the limited partners until such time that the return on equity, as defined in
the Partnership Agreement, of the limited partners exceeds their aggregate
capital contributions. Commencing on that date and continuing through the
remaining term of the Partnership, such allocations, including gains and losses
upon net sale or refinancing, shall be 40% to the general partners and 60% to
the limited partners.
According to the Partnership agreement, the Partnership has a limited life
extending to December 31, 2018, unless further extended by a vote of all of the
partners.
The Project is subject to the provisions of various federal and state energy
laws and regulations including the Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act of
1978, as amended. In addition, federal, state and local environmental laws
establish standards governing certain aspects of the Project's operations. The
Company believes it has all permits, licenses and approvals necessary to operate
the facility.
F-39
<PAGE> 108
PENOBSCOT ENERGY RECOVERY COMPANY, LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER 31, 1996
2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation.
All costs incurred for additions and improvements to the facility, including
interest during construction, are capitalized.
Depreciation is provided on the straight-line method over estimated useful
lives.
DEFERRED COSTS
Costs incurred by PERC in connection with permanent financings have been
deferred and are being amortized over the life of the related debt issues using
the interest method.
During 1991, PERC finalized negotiations with municipalities and entered into
new long-term waste handling agreements which resulted in higher waste handling
fees. Costs associated with the renegotiation were deferred and amortized over
60 months which represented the minimum period covered by the new agreements.
REVENUES
Electric power revenues are earned from the sale of electricity to Bangor
Hydro-Electric Company ("BHE"), a utility serving a portion of the State of
Maine, under a Power Purchase Agreement (the "Agreement"). Revenue is recorded
at the contract rate specified in the Agreement as the electricity is delivered.
Waste processing revenues consist principally of fees charged to customers for
waste disposal. Substantially all waste processing revenues are earned from
customers located in a geographic region proximate to the facility. Revenue is
generally recorded upon delivery based on rates specified in the applicable
long-term contracts. Certain of these contract rates are adjusted quarterly
based on actual costs incurred in the prior quarter.
USE OF ESTIMATES
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted
accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that
affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes.
Actual results could differ from those estimates.
INCOME TAXES
There is no provision in the financial statements for income taxes as the income
or loss is included in the income tax returns of the partners.
F-40
<PAGE> 109
PENOBSCOT ENERGY RECOVERY COMPANY, LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER 31, 1996
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
For purposes of the statements of cash flows, PERC considers all highly liquid
debt instruments purchased with a maturity of three months or less to be cash
equivalents.
3. INTEREST AND OTHER FINANCING COSTS--NET
Interest and other financing costs for the year ended December 31, 1996 consists
of:
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
Interest expense $ 2,263
Letter of credit fees 976
Amortization of deferred bond financing costs 351
Remarketing and bank fees 288
Interest income (708)
-------
Interest and other financing costs--net $ 3,170
=======
</TABLE>
4. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
PERC incurred management fees payable to the general partners of $595 in 1996,
in accordance with the Partnership Agreement. PERC purchases a portion of its
supplemental fuel (wood chips) from KTI BioFuels, L.P., an affiliate of PMC.
During 1996, these purchases totaled approximately $279.
Effective May 1, 1989, PERC entered into an Operation and Maintenance Agreement
with ESOCO Orrington, Inc., an affiliate of ENI. For the year ended December 31,
1996, PERC paid operating and maintenance fees to ESOCO of approximately $4,500,
plus additional approved pass through operating costs.
PERC had waste processing revenue of approximately $615 from Orrington Waste
Ltd. (a limited partnership including certain general and limited partners of
PERC) (OWL) in 1996. OWL and PERC have a long-term put-pay agreement under which
OWL pays waste disposal fees to PERC equivalent to those charged to other
municipalities.
5. WASTE HANDLING AGREEMENTS
Certain of PERC's long-term, put-pay contracts with municipalities for disposal
of solid waste contain provisions which, at the date the bonds are fully paid,
allow the municipalities to purchase the facility or terminate or extend the
contracts.
Certain of the long-term, put-pay contracts with municipalities contain
provisions which allow the municipalities to receive a portion of PERC's annual
cash flows, as defined.
F-41
<PAGE> 110
SCHEDULE I - CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF REGISTRANT
KTI, INC. (PARENT COMPANY)
CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE AMOUNTS)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DECEMBER 31, DECEMBER 31,
1998 1997
------------ ------------
<S> <C> <C>
ASSETS
Current Assets
Cash and cash equivalents $ 397 $ 688
Restricted funds 61
Accounts receivable 233 53
-------- --------
Total current assets 630 802
Investments in and amounts due from subsidiaries 259,340 84,733
Other assets 65 20
Deferred costs, net 2,867 210
-------- --------
Total assets $262,902 $ 85,765
======== ========
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current Liabilities $ 2,274 $ 548
Debt 138,628 12,477
Convertible subordinated debt 6,770
Stockholders' equity
Preferred stock
Series A 3,732
Series B 21,400
Common stock 133 89
Additional paid-in capital 115,026 52,762
Retained earnings (deficit) 71 (5,243)
-------- --------
Total stockholders' equity 115,230 72,740
-------- --------
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $262,902 $ 85,765
======== ========
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes to condensed financial statements.
F-42
<PAGE> 111
SCHEDULE I - CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF REGISTRANT-CONTINUING
KTI, INC. (PARENT COMPANY)
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(IN THOUSANDS)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
----------------------------------------
1998 1997 1996
-------- -------- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Revenues $ 60 $ 138 $ 10
Management fees 387
-------- -------- --------
60 138 397
Selling, general and administrative 2,179 849 225
-------- -------- --------
Income (loss) from operations (2,119) (711) 172
Interest expense, net 6,879 416 425
Other income, net 517
-------- -------- --------
Loss before provision (benefit) for income taxes
and
equity in net income of subsidiaries (8,998) (1,127) (770)
Benefit for income taxes (3,059) (383)
-------- -------- --------
Loss before equity in net income of (5,939) (744) (770)
subsidiaries
Equity in net income of subsidiaries 12,657 8,836 14,436
-------- -------- --------
Net income $ 6,718 $ 8,092 $ 13,666
======== ======== ========
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes to condensed financial statements.
F-43
<PAGE> 112
SCHEDULE I - CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF REGISTRANT-CONTINUED
KTI, INC. (PARENT COMPANY)
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(IN THOUSANDS)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year ended December 31,
-------------------------------------------
1998 1997 1996
--------- --------- ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
NET CASH USED IN OPERATING ACTIVITIES $ (66,447) $ (13,786) $ (603)
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Net change in restricted funds 61 1,978 (1,858)
Investment in unconsolidated affiliate (865)
Notes receivable -- officers/shareholders and affiliates (1,500)
Purchase of businesses and additional partnership interest, net of
cash acquired (57,909) (26,705) (3,749)
--------- --------- ---------
Net cash used in investing activities (60,213) (24,727) (5,607)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Deferred financing costs (1,828) (223)
Net borrowings on lines of credit 133,628 11,667 5,857
Additional preferred stock issuance costs (98)
Proceeds from sale of common stock 3,548 4,121 506
Proceeds from sale of preferred stock 23,782
Dividends paid (1,404) (395)
Principal payments on debt (7,477)
--------- --------- ---------
Net cash provided by financing activities 126,369 39,175 6,140
--------- --------- ---------
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents (291) 662 (70)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 688 26 96
--------- --------- ---------
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period $ 397 $ 688 $ 26
========= ========= =========
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes to condensed financial statements
F-44
<PAGE> 113
SCHEDULE I - CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF REGISTRANT - CONTINUED
1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION
In the parent-company-only financial statements, KTI, Inc. (the
"Company") investment in subsidiaries is stated at cost plus equity in
undistributed earnings of subsidiaries since date of acquisition.
Parent-company-only financial statements should be read in conjunction with the
Company's consolidated financial statements
2. DEBT
The Company's debt consists of the following:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
DECEMBER 31,
--------------------
1998 1997
--------- --------
<S> <C> <C>
Revolving credit agreement $ 138,628
Convertible subordinated debt 6,770
Revolving and term loan payable $ 12,411
Other 66
--------- --------
$ 145,398 $ 12,477
========= ========
</TABLE>
See Note 8 to the consolidated financial statements for additional
discussion.
3. GUARANTEE
As a result of a limited partnership interest in Penobscot Energy
Recovery Company ("PERC"), a majority-owned consolidated subsidiary, the Company
had a contingent obligation to make additional capital contributions to PERC of
approximately $3,710. The Company had an irrevocable letter of credit from a
bank securing this commitment. This contingent obligation expired during 1998.
During 1998, certain bonds payable at the Company's majority-owned
consolidated subsidiary, Penobscot Energy Recovery Company ("PERC"), were
refinanced. In conjunction with this refinancing, the Company issued a $3,000
limited guarantee of PERC's payment obligation under the refinanced bonds
payable in favor of the issuer and trustees of the bonds payable. See Note 8 to
the consolidated financial statements for additional discussion.
F-45
<PAGE> 114
SCHEDULE II
KTI, INC.
VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS
(in thousands)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
COLUMN A COLUMN B COLUMN C COLUMN D COLUMN E
- ----------------------------------- ------------ --------------------------- ------------- ------------
ADDITIONS
---------------------------
CHARGED TO
BALANCE AT CHARGED TO OTHER BALANCE AT
BEGINNING COSTS AND ACCOUNTS - DEDUCTIONS- END OF
DESCRIPTION OF PERIOD EXPENSES DESCRIBE DESCRIBE PERIOD
- ----------------------------------- ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------- ------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1998
Deducted from asset amounts:
Allowance for doubtful accounts $294 $1,289 $270 (1) $1,313
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1997
Deducted from asset amounts:
Allowance for doubtful accounts 242 193 141 (1) 294
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1996
Deducted from asset amounts:
Allowance for doubtful accounts 481 24 263 (1) 242
</TABLE>
(1) Uncollected accounts written off, net of recoveries.
F-46
<PAGE> 115
EXHIBIT INDEX
2.1 Agreement of Reorganization and Merger among KTI, Inc., a New Jersey
corporation, K-C Industries, Inc., an Oregon corporation and KES, Inc.,
a Delaware corporation, dated September 22, 1997(1)
3.1 Certificate of Amendment to Registrant's Restated Certificate of
Certificate of Incorporation, filed August 8, 1997(3)
3.2 Certificate of Correction to Certificate of Amendment to Registrant's
Restated Certificate of Certificate of Incorporation, filed October 31,
1997(23)
4.1 Specimen Form of Common Stock Certificate(2)
10.1 Loan Agreement dated as of June 1, 1985 between City of Biddeford,
Maine and Maine Energy Recovery Company, as amended(4)
10.2 Subordinated Note of Maine Energy Recovery Company dated as of December
1, 1990 in the original principal amount of $14,252,338.39 payable to
CNA Realty Corp.(4)
10.3 Subordinated Note of Maine Energy Recovery Company dated as of December
1, 1990 in the original principal amount of $9,495,327.45 payable to
Energy National, Inc.(4)
10.4 Subordinated Note of Maine Energy Recovery Company dated as of December
1, 1990 in the original principal amount of $4,737,517.54 payable to
Project Capital 1985(4)
<PAGE> 116
10.5 Loan Agreement dated as of April 1, 1986 between Town of Orrington,
Maine and Penobscot Energy Recovery Company, as amended(4)
10.6 Credit Agreement dated as of May 15, 1986 by and among Penobscot Energy
Recovery Company, PERC Management Company and Energy National, Inc. and
The Banking Institutions Signatory Hereto and Bankers Trust Company, as
Agent, as amended(4)
10.7 Second Amended and Restated Agreement and Certificate of Limited
Partnership of Penobscot Energy Recovery Company dated May 15, 1986, as
amended(2)
10.8 Agreement between Penobscot Energy Recovery Company and Bangor
Hydro-Electric Company dated June 21, 1984, as amended (2)
10.9 Form of Penobscot Energy Recovery Company Waste Disposal Agreement
(City of Bangor) dated April 1, 1991 and Schedule of Substantially
Identical Waste Disposal Agreements(2)
10.10 Operation and Maintenance Agreement Between Esoco Orrington, Inc. and
Penobscot Energy Recovery Company dated June 30, 1989(2)
10.11 Residue Disposal Agreement between Penobscot Energy Recovery Company
and Sawyer Environmental Recovery Facilities, Inc. dated September 19,
1985, as amended(2)
10.12 Amended and Restated Bypass Agreement between Sawyer Environmental
Recovery Facilities, Inc. and Penobscot Energy Recovery Company dated
April 4, 1994(2)
10.13 Second Amended and Restated Agreement and Certificate of Limited
Partnership of Maine Energy Recovery Company dated June 30, 1986, as
amended(2)
10.14 Power Purchase Agreement between Maine Energy Recovery Company and
Central Maine Power Company dated January 12, 1984, as amended(2)
10.15 Operation and Maintenance Agreement between Maine Energy Recovery
Company and KTI Operations, Inc. dated December 1, 1990(2)
10.16 Host Municipalities' Waste Handling Agreement among Biddeford-Saco
Solid Waste Committee, City of Biddeford, City of Saco and Maine Energy
Recovery Company dated June 7, 1991(2)
10.17 Form of Maine Energy Recovery Company Waste Handling Agreement (Town of
North Berwick) dated June 7, 1991 and Schedule of Substantially
Identical Waste Disposal Agreements(2)
10.18 Material Disposal and Transportation Agreement among Consolidated Waste
Service, Inc., Waste Management of New Hampshire and Maine Energy
Recovery Company dated October 21, 1991(2)
10.19 Front-End Process Residue Agreement between Arthur Schofield, Inc. and
Maine Energy Recovery Company dated May 27, 1994(2)
10.20 Second Amended and Restated Agreement and Certificate of Limited
Partnership of FTI Limited Partnership dated December 11, 1986, as
amended(2)
10.21 Land Lease dated November 25, 1985 between City of Lewiston and Fuel
Technologies, Inc. as amended(2)
10.22 KTI, Inc. 1994 Long-Term Incentive Award Plan(2)
10.23 Employment Agreement between KTI, Inc. and Martin J. Sergi dated May 1,
1994(2)
10.24 Registration Rights Agreement between Davstar Managed Investments Corp.
and KTI Environmental Group, Inc. dated March 17, 1993(2)
10.25 Registration Rights Agreement among KTI Environmental Group, Inc.,
Martin J. Sergi and Midlantic National Bank dated May 10, 1994(2)
10.26 Registration Rights Agreement among KTI Environmental Group, Inc.,
Nicholas Menonna, Jr. and Midlantic National Bank dated May 10, 1994(2)
10.27 KTI, Inc. Directors Stock Option Plan(5)
10.28 Form of Registration Rights between KTI, Inc. and Mona Kalimian, Mark
D. Kalimian, and Linda Berley dated July 27, 1995 and Schedule of
Substantially Identical Registration Rights Agreements(4)
10.29 Letter Agreement dated as of November 10, 1995 among Central Maine
Power, Maine Energy Recovery Company and Citizens Lehman Power(6)
10.30 Global Agreement dated December 28, 1995 between Environmental Capital
Holdings, Inc. and KTI, Inc.(6)
10.31 Agreement of Limited Partnership of American Ash Recycling of
Tennessee, Ltd. dated December 28, 1995(6)
10.32 Agreement of Limited Partnership of American Ash Recycling of New
England, Ltd. dated December 28, 1995(6)
<PAGE> 117
10.33 First Amendment to Agreement of Limited Partnership of American Ash
Recycling of Tennessee, Ltd., dated March 16, 1996(7)
10.34 Agreement dated as of July 19, 1996 by and among KTI, Inc., DataFocus
Incorporated and CIBER, Inc.(8)
10.35 Agreement dated July 19, 1996 by and among KTI, Inc., Thomas Bosanko
and Patrick B. Higbie(8)
10.36 Operating Agreement of Specialties Environmental Management Company,
LLC dated as of October 18, 1996(9)
10.37 Amendment to Employment Agreements between KTI, Inc. and Nicholas
Menonna, Jr. and Martin J. Sergi(10)
10.38 Note Purchase Agreement dated as of October 23, 1996 between KTI, Inc.
and WEXFORD KTI LLC(11)
10.39 Registration Rights Agreement dated as of October 23, 1996 between KTI,
Inc. and WEXFORD KTI LLC(11)
10.40 Escrow Agreement dated as of October 23, 1996 between KTI, Inc. and
WEXFORD KTI LLC and Key Trust of Ohio, N.A.(11)
10.41 Securities Purchase Agreement by and among KTI Plastic Recycling, Inc.,
Continental Casualty Company, CNA Realty Corp., CLE, Inc. and Timber
Energy Investment, Inc. dated as of November 22, 1996(12)
10.42 Securities Purchase Agreement by and among KTI Plastic Recycling, Inc.
and Diane Goodman and Seth Lehner dated as of November 25, 1996(13)
10.43 Loan and Security Agreement between KTI, Inc., KTI Environmental Group,
Inc., Kuhr Technologies, Inc., KTI Limited Partners, Inc., KTI
Operations, Inc. and PERC, Inc., Borrowers, and Key Bank of New York,
Lender, dated October 29, 1996(14)
10.44 Pledge Agreement between each Borrower and Key Bank of New York dated
October 29, 1996(14)
10.45 Key Trust Company PRISM(R) Prototype Retirement Plan and Trust adopted
as of December 11, 1996(14)
10.46 Option and Consulting Agreement by and among KTI, Inc. and L.T.
Lawrence & Co., Inc. dated as of June 1, 1996(14)
10.47 First Amendment to Option and Consulting Agreement by and among KTI,
Inc. and L.T. Lawrence & Co., Inc. dated as of December 18, 1996(14)
10.48 Warrant to purchase 200,000 shares of KTI, Inc. common stock at $7.50
per share issued to L.T. Lawrence & Co., Inc. dated as of December 18,
1996(14)
10.49 Warrant to purchase 6,000 shares of KTI, Inc. common stock at $8.50 per
share issued to Thomas E. Schulze dated as of January 2, 1997(14)
10.50 Warrant to purchase 3,000 shares of KTI, Inc. common stock at $8.50 per
share issued to John E. Turner dated as of January 2, 1997(14)
10.51 Warrant to purchase 6,000 shares of KTI, Inc. common stock at $8.50 per
share issued to Robert E. Wetzel dated as of January 2, 1997(14)
10.52 Warrant to purchase 15,000 shares of KTI, Inc. common stock at $6.00
per share issued to The Baldwin & Clarke Companies dated as of January
2, 1997(14)
10.53 Warrant to purchase 15,000 shares of KTI, Inc. common stock at $7.00
per share issued to The Baldwin & Clarke Companies dated as of January
2, 1997(14)
10.54 Third Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Certificate and
Agreement of Limited Partnership of FTI Limited Partnership dated as of
January 23, 1997(14)
10.55 Warrant to purchase 2,000 shares of KTI, Inc. common stock at $8.50 per
share issued to Maine Woodchips Associates dated as of January 23,
1997(14)
10.56 Registration Rights Agreement by and between KTI, Inc. and Maine
Woodchips Associates dated as of January 23, 1997(14)
10.57 Securities Purchase Agreement by and among KTI Plastic Recycling, Inc.,
Continental Casualty Company, CNA Realty Corp., CLE, Inc. and Timber
Energy Investment, Inc., dated as of November 22, 1996(15)
10.58 Term sheet (Purchase of assets of Prins Recycling Corp. and
subsidiaries)(16)
10.59 Agreement, dated as of April 21, 1997 between KTI Recycling, Inc. and
its subsidiaries and PNC Bank(16)
<PAGE> 118
10.60 Operations and Maintenance Agreement, dated as of April 21, 1997, by
and between Prins Recycling Corp. and its subsidiaries and KTI
Operations, Inc.(16)
10.61 Order of the Bankruptcy Court for the District of New Jersey dated June
19, 1997(16)
10.62 Asset Purchase Agreement, dated as of June 24, 1997, between Prins
Recycling Corp. and its subsidiaries and KTI Recycling, Inc. and its
subsidiaries(16)
10.63 Securities Purchase Agreement by and among I. Zaitlin & Sons, Inc., a
Maine corporation, Data Destruction Services, Inc., a Maine
corporation, Samuel M. Zaitlin, Steven G. Suher and George G. Deely and
KTI Recycling, Inc., a Delaware corporation(17)
10.64 First amendment, dated as of August 14, 1997, to the Loan and Security
Agreement between KTI, Inc., KTI Environmental Group, Inc., Kuhr
Technologies, Inc., KTI Limited Partners, Inc., KTI Operations, Inc.
and PERC, Inc.(18)
10.65 Securities Purchase Agreement, dated as of August 12, 1997, by and
among KTI, Inc., and Wenoha Corporation, John G. Mills, L. Don Norton,
Glen Wade Stewart, Bruce D. Wentworth and Donald E. Wentworth(18)
10.66 Placement Agreement dated August 7, 1997 between KTI, Inc. and Credit
Research & Trading LLC(19)
10.67 Warrant Agreement dated August 7, 1997 between KTI, Inc. and Credit
Research & Trading LLC(19)
10.68 Registration Rights Agreement dated August 15, 1997 between KTI, Inc.
and the purchases named therein(19)
10.69 Purchase and Option Agreement by and between PERC Management Company
Limited Partnership and The Prudential Insurance Company of America
dated September 30, 1997(20)
10.70 Second Amendment to the Second Amended and Restated Agreement and
Certificate of Limited Partnership of Penobscot Energy Recovery
Company, Limited Partnership dated as of September 29, 1997(20)
10.71 Assignment and Assumption Agreement between The Prudential Insurance
Company of America and PERC Management Company Limited (20) Partnership
dated as of September 29, 1997 re Penobscot Energy Recovery Company,
Limited Partnership(20)
10.72 Amendment No. 1 to Reimbursement Agreement and Release of Assignment
dated as of September 29, 1997 to the Reimbursement Agreement dated as
of May 28, 1991 of Penobscot Energy Recovery Company, Limited
Partnership in favor of Morgan Guaranty Trust Company of New York re
Penobscot Energy Recovery Company, Limited Partnership(20)
10.73 Assignment and Assumption Agreement between The Prudential Insurance
Company of America and PERC Management Company Limited Partnership
dated as of September 29, 1997 re Orrington Waste Ltd., Limited
Partnership(20)
10.74 Amendment no. 1 to Reimbursement Agreement and Release of Assignment
dated as of September 29, 1997 to the Reimbursement Agreement dated as
of May 28, 1991 of Penobscot Energy Recovery Company, Limited
Partnership in favor of Morgan Guaranty Trust Company of New York re
Orrington Waste Ltd.(20)
10.75 Warrant to purchase 7,500 shares of KTI, Inc. Common Stock at $16.25
per share issued to Wilbur L. Ross dated as of January 1, 1998 (24)
10.76 Securities Purchase Agreement dated as of January 1, 1998, by and among
Vel-A-Tran Recycling, Inc., a Massachusetts corporation, Raymond
Vellucci and KTI Recycling of New England, Inc., a Delaware
corporation(21)
10.77 Securities Purchase Agreement dated as of January 27, 1998 among Total
Waste Management Corporation, Donald A. Littlefield, William Kaylor and
KTI Specialty Waste Services, Inc., a Maine corporation(22)
10.78 Commitment Letter from the Finance Authority of Maine dated February
13,1998 regarding willingness to refinance Electric Rate Stabilization
Bonds for Penobscot Energy Recovery Company, Limited Partnership (25)
10.79 Letter of Intent dated April 17, 1998 by and between KTI, Inc. and FCR,
Inc. describing the intended purchase of FCR, Inc. by KTI, Inc. (26)
10.80 Exchange Notice, dated June 5, 1998, notifying shareholders of the
Series B Preferred Stock of KTI's intent to convert such stock into
Subordinated Convertible Notes ("the Exchange Notes") bearing interest
at 8.75% (27)
<PAGE> 119
10.81 Stock Purchase Agreement dated June 16, 1998 by and between KTI, Inc.
and the Shareholders of Multitrade Group, Inc. (28)
10.82 Warrant to purchase 17,500 shares of KTI, Inc. Common Stock at $22.25
per share issued to George Mitchell dated as of June 22, 1998 (24)
10.83 Amendment No. 2 to Power Purchase Agreement, entered into as of the
26th day of June, 1998 by and between Penobscot Energy Recovery
Company, Limited Partnership, a Maine limited partnership, and
Bangor-Hydro Electric Company, a Maine corporation. (29)
10.84 Second Amended and Restated Waste Disposal Agreements between Penobscot
Energy Recovery Company and the Municipal Review Committee, Inc. dated
as of June 26, 1998 (29)
10.85 Loan Agreement by and between Finance Authority of Maine and Penobscot
Energy Recovery Company, Limited Partnership dated as of June 26, 1998
(29)
10.86 KTI, Inc. Limited Guaranty dated as of June 26, 1998 on loan agreement
in Exhibit 10.85 (29)
10.87 Bangor Hydro-Electric Company Warrant to Purchase Common Stock issued
to PERC Management Company Limited Partnership dated as of June 26,
1998 (29)
10.88 Third Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of
Penobscot Energy Recovery Company, Limited Partnership dated as of June
26, 1998 (29)
10.89 Surplus Cash Agreement dated as of June 26, 1998 among Penobscot Energy
Recovery Company, Limited Partnership, Bangor Hydro-Electric Company
and Municipal Review Committee, Inc. (29)
10.90 Revolving Credit Agreement dated July 10, 1998 among KTI, Inc. and the
Subsidiary Borrowers, Jointly and Severally as the Borrower, KeyBank
National Association and other financial institutions as Lenders and
KeyBank National Association, as Agent, regarding $150,000,000 Line of
Credit. (30)
10.91 Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of July 22, 1998 by and between
KTI, Inc. and FCR, Inc. (31)
10.92 Fairness opinion letter issued to KTI, Inc. by Donaldson, Lufkin &
Jenrette dated as of July 7, 1998. (31)
10.93 Asset Purchase Agreement, dated as of August 5, 1998, by and among
First State Recycling, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and KTI
Environmental Consulting, Inc., a Delaware corporation. (32)
10.94 Asset Purchase Agreement between KTI New Jersey Fibers, Inc. and
Atlantic Coast Fibers, Inc. dated as of August 21, 1998. (33)
10.95 Asset Purchase Agreement between KTI New Jersey Fibers, Inc., PGC
Corporation and Gaccione Bros. & Co., Inc. dated as of August 21, 1998.
(33)
10.96 Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated July 22, 1998, between KTI, Inc.,
KTI Acquisition Sub, Inc., FCR, Inc. and certain securityholders of
FCR, Inc. (34)
10.97 Employment Agreement, dated August 28, 1998, between KTI, Inc. and Paul
A. Garrett. (34)
10.98 Employment Agreement, dated August 28, 1998, between KTI, Inc. and
Brian J. Noonan. (34)
10.99 Warrant to purchase 7,500 shares of KTI, Inc. Common Stock at $15.3125
per share issued to Carlos Aguero dated as of August 28, 1998 (24)
10.100 Warrant to purchase 7,500 shares of KTI, Inc. Common Stock at $15.3125
per share issued to W. Christopher Hegele dated as of August 28, 1998
(24)
10.101 Agreement and Plan of Reorganization dated as of October 28, 1998, by
and among KTI Specialty Waste Services, Inc., Russell Stull Company,
Capitol City Transfer, Inc. and TWTS, Inc., all Maine corporations and
Russell G. Stull. (35)
10.102 Purchase and Sale Agreement between KTI Environmental Group, Inc. and
CNA Realty Corp, Inc. dated as of December 30, 1998. (36)
10.103 Investment Agreement dated as of December 29, 1998 between and among
KTI, Inc., Oakhurst Company, Inc. and Oakhurst Technology, Inc. (37)
10.104 Letter Loan Agreement between KTI, Inc. and CNA Realty Corp, Inc. dated
as of December 29, 1998 between and among KTI, Inc., Oakhurst Company,
Inc. and Oakhurst Technology, Inc. (37)
10.105 Pledge Agreement dated as of December 29, 1998 between and among KTI,
Inc., Oakhurst Company, Inc. and Oakhurst Technology, Inc. (37)
10.106 Intercreditor Agreement between KTI, Inc. and Finova Capital
Corporation dated as of December 29, 1998 (37)
10.107 Non-Exclusive License to Use Technology between KTI, Inc. and Oakhurst
Technology, Inc. dated as of December 29, 1998 (37)
<PAGE> 120
10.108 Operating and Maintenance Agreement, dated as of December 29, 1998 by
and between New Heights Recovery & Power, LLC and KTI Operations, Inc.
(37)
10.109 Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated January 12, 1999, by and among
Casella Waste Systems, Inc., Rutland Acquisition Sub, Inc. and KTI,
Inc. (38)
10.110 Stock for Stock Reorganization Agreement by and among Anthony A.
Peterpaul, Frank Peterpaul, Anthony Peterpaul, The AFA Group, Inc., AFA
Pallet Group, Inc., Advanced Enterprises Recycling, Inc., Allied
Equipment & Sales Corp., Inc., American Supplies Sales Group, Inc.,
Artic, Inc., Atlantic Transportation Technologies, Inc., Agro Products,
Inc. and KTI Recycling of New Jersey, Inc., dated as of January 27,
1999 (39)
21 List of all subsidiaries of Registrant
*23 Consent of Ernst & Young LLP
- ----------------------------------
(1) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
September 16, 1997.
(2) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Registration Statement on Form S-4
(No. 33-85234) dated January 6, 1995.
(3) Filed as an Exhibit to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
August 15, 1997.
(4) Filed with the Registration Statement on Form S-1 dated December 6,
1995.
(5) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Proxy Statement dated June 5, 1995.
(6) Filed with the Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement on Form
S-1 dated February 2, 1996.
(7) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
April 15, 1996.
(8) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
July 19, 1996.
(9) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
October 18, 1996.
(10) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
October 23, 1996.
(11) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
October 24, 1996.
(12) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
November 22, 1996.
(13) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
November 25, 1996.
(14) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the
year ended December 31, 1996.
(15) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
November 26, 1996.
(16) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
June 19, 1997
(17) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
July 29, 1997.
(18) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
August 12, 1997.
(19) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
August 15, 1997.
(20) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
September 30, 1997.
(21) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
January 15, 1998.
(22) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
February 4, 1998.
(23) Filed with the Registration Statement on Form S-2 dated February 11,
1998.
(24) Filed with the Registration Statement on Form S-3 dated September 30,
1998
(25) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
February 23, 1998
(26) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
May 7, 1998
(27) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
June 17, 1998
(28) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
June 25, 1998
(29) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
July 8, 1998
(30) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
July 15, 1998
(31) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
August 5, 1998
(32) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
August 13, 1998
(33) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
August 31, 1998
(34) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
September 14, 1998
(35) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
November 10, 1998
(36) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
January 6, 1999
(37) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
January 15, 1999
(38) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
January 21, 1999
(39) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
February 10, 1999
* Filed herewith.
<PAGE> 1
EXHIBIT 23
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS
We consent to the incorporation by reference in Registration Statement
Nos. 33-80505, 33-89664, 33-89666, 333-34327, 333-56435, 333-56433 and 333-26757
on Forms S-8 and Registration Statement Nos. 333-30813, 333-28067, 333-80089,
333-64953 and 333-44507 on Form S-3 and Registration Statement No. 333-46057 on
form S-2 of KTI, Inc. and in the related Prospectuses of our reports dated:
March 30, 1999 (except for the second paragraph of Note 8 and the first
paragraph of Note 20 as to which the date is may 12, 1999) with respect to the
consolidated financial statements and schedule of KTI, Inc. and March 1, 1999
with respect to the financial statements of Penobscot Energy Recovery Company,
Limited Partnership, each included in the Annual Report (Form 10-K) of KTI,
Inc. for the year ended December 31, 1998.
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
Hackensack, New Jersey
May 13, 1999
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