<PAGE>
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, DC 20549
FORM 10 - Q
[X] QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF
THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 1999
OR
[_] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from.....................to...........................
Commission file number 1-13664
THE PMI GROUP, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
DELAWARE 94-3199675
(State of Incorporation) (IRS Employer Identification No.)
601 MONTGOMERY STREET,
SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA 94111
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
(415) 788-7878
(Registrant's telephone number including area code)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required
to be filed by Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant
was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing
requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes X No____
-----
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes of
common stock, as of the latest practicable date.
CLASS OF STOCK PAR VALUE DATE NUMBER OF SHARES
- -------------- --------- ---- ----------------
Common Stock $0.01 03/31/99 30,012,063
<PAGE>
THE PMI GROUP, INC.
INDEX TO QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q
MARCH 31, 1999
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION PAGE
----
<S> <C>
Item 1. Interim Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three Months Ended
March 31, 1999 and 1998 3
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 1999 and 1998 4
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Months Ended
March 31, 1999 and 1998 5
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 6-9
Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results
of Operations 10-24
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk 24
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders 24
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
Item 5. Other Information 24
Item 6. Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K 24
SIGNATURES 26
INDEX TO EXHIBITS 27
</TABLE>
2
<PAGE>
PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
THE PMI GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
THREE MONTHS
ENDED MARCH 31,
-------------------------
(In thousands except for per share amounts) 1999 1998
--------- ---------
<S> <C> <C>
REVENUS
Premiums earned $ 128,768 $ 116,846
Investment income, less investment expense 21,701 21,577
Realized capital gains 17 7,965
Other income 4,765 4,246
--------- ---------
TOTAL REVENUES 155,251 150,634
--------- ---------
LOSSES AND EXPENSES
Losses and loss adjustment expenses 29,870 38,087
Policy acquisition costs 20,823 12,228
Underwriting and other operating expenses 38,903 31,949
Interest expense 1,790 1,706
Distributions on preferred capital securities 2,077 2,079
--------- ---------
TOTAL LOSSES AND EXPENSES 93,463 86,049
--------- ---------
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES 61,788 64,585
INCOME TAX EXPENSE 18,136 18,817
--------- ---------
NET INCOME $ 43,652 $ 45,768
========= =========
BASIC NET INCOME PER COMMON SHARE $ 1.45 $ 1.41
========= =========
DILUTED NET INCOME PER COMMON SHARE $ 1.44 $ 1.40
========= =========
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
3
<PAGE>
THE PMI GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
MARCH 31, DECEMBER 31,
(Dollars in thousands) 1999 1998
-------------- -------------
<S> <C> <C>
ASSETS
Investments
Available for sale, at market
Fixed income securities
(amortized cost $1,283,120 and $1,268,625) $ 1,364,875 $ 1,356,869
Equity securities
Common stock (cost $32,761 and $34,129) 56,997 58,785
Preferred stock (cost $17,195 and $17,240) 17,320 17,706
Common stock of affiliates, at underlying book value 62,236 60,450
Short-term investments (at cost, which approximates market) 51,501 38,414
-------------- -------------
TOTAL INVESTMENTS 1,552,929 1,532,224
Cash 7,532 9,757
Accrued investment income 20,448 20,150
Reinsurance recoverable and prepaid premiums 43,841 42,102
Premiums receivable 26,826 24,367
Receivable from affiliates 958 2,229
Receivable from Allstate 24,685 23,657
Deferred policy acquisition costs 65,682 61,605
Property and equipment, net 38,548 37,630
Other assets 25,249 24,149
-------------- -------------
TOTAL ASSETS $ 1,806,698 $ 1,777,870
============== =============
LIABILITIES
Reserve for losses and loss adjustment expenses $ 221,882 $ 215,259
Unearned premiums 87,723 94,886
Long-term debt 99,492 99,476
Reinsurance balances payable 17,024 14,764
Deferred income taxes 96,529 96,730
Other liabilities and accrued expenses 62,002 60,200
-------------- -------------
TOTAL LIABILITIES 584,652 581,315
-------------- -------------
COMPANY-OBLIGATED MANDATORILY REDEEMABLE PREFERRED CAPITAL
SECURITIES OF SUBSIDIARY TRUST HOLDING SOLELY JUNIOR
SUBORDINATED DEFERRABLE INTEREST DEBENTURE OF THE COMPANY 99,049 99,040
SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Preferred stock -- $.01 par value; 5,000,000 shares authorized - -
Common stock -- $.01 par value; 125,000,000 shares
authorized; 35,196,970 and 35,196,002 issued 352 352
Additional paid-in capital 265,040 265,040
Accumulated other comprehensive income 69,142 74,462
Retained earnings 1,102,873 1,060,724
Treasury stock (5,184,907 and 4,917,401 shares at cost) (314,410) (303,063)
-------------- -------------
TOTAL SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY 1,122,997 1,097,515
-------------- -------------
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY $ 1,806,698 $ 1,777,870
============== =============
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
4
<PAGE>
THE PMI GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
THREE MONTHS
ENDED MARCH 31,
---------------------------
(In thousands) 1999 1998
---------- ----------
<S> <C> <C>
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income $ 43,652 $ 45,768
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Realized capital gains, net (17) (7,965)
Equity in earnings of affiliates (1,532) (511)
Depreciation and amortization 1,900 1,583
Changes in:
Reserve for losses and loss adjustment expenses 6,623 5,510
Unearned premiums (7,163) (11,458)
Deferred policy acquisition costs (4,077) (2,826)
Accrued investment income (298) (165)
Reinsurance balances payable 2,260 921
Reinsurance recoverable and prepaid premiums (1,739) (1,924)
Premiums receivable (2,459) (1,350)
Income taxes 2,195 1,375
Receivable from affiliates 1,271 752
Receivable from Allstate (1,028) -
Other 713 31,489
---------- ----------
Net cash provided by operating activities 40,301 61,199
---------- ----------
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Proceeds from sales of equity securities 9,487 15,774
Investment collections of fixed income securities - 13,636
Proceeds from sales of fixed income securities 84,391 21,269
Investment purchases
Fixed income securities (99,087) (57,988)
Equity securities (8,187) (25,088)
Net (increase) decrease in short-term investments (13,086) 175
Investment in affiliates (555) (23,868)
Purchase of property and equipment (2,626) (2,504)
---------- ----------
Net cash used in investing activities (29,663) (58,594)
---------- ----------
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Proceeds from exercise of stock options - 943
Dividends paid to shareholders (1,516) (1,623)
Purchase of The PMI Group, Inc. common stock (11,347) (4,184)
---------- ----------
Net cash used in financing activities (12,863) (4,864)
---------- ----------
NET DECREASE IN CASH (2,225) (2,259)
CASH AT BEGINNING OF PERIOD 9,757 11,101
---------- ----------
CASH AT END OF PERIOD $ 7,532 $ 8,842
========== ==========
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements
5
<PAGE>
THE PMI GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
MARCH 31, 1999
NOTE 1 - BASIS OF PRESENTATION
The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements include the
accounts of The PMI Group, Inc. ("TPG"), a Delaware corporation; its
wholly-owned subsidiaries, PMI Mortgage Insurance Co. ("PMI"), an Arizona
corporation; Residential Guaranty Co. ("RGC"), and Arizona Corporation; American
Pioneer Title Insurance Company ("APTIC"), a Florida corporation; PMI Mortgage
Guaranty Co. ("PMG"), an Arizona corporation; Residential Insurance Co. ("RIC"),
an Arizona corporation; PMI Capital I ("PCI"), a Delaware trust; TPG Insurance
Co. ("TIC"), a Vermont corporation; TPG Segregated Portfolio Co. (Cayman)
("TSPC"), a Cayman Islands corporation; and PMI's wholly-owned subsidiaries, PMI
Mortgage Services Co. ("MSC"), a California corporation which is engaged in the
business of contract underwriting, and PMI Securities Co. ("SEC"), a Delaware
corporation, which is an inactive broker-dealer. PMI is licensed in all 50
states of the United States and the District of Columbia. TPG and its
subsidiaries are collectively referred to as the "Company". All material
intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation. In
addition, PMI owns 50% (45% at March 31, 1998) of CMG Mortgage Insurance Company
("CMG"), a Wisconsin corporation, which also conducts a residential mortgage
insurance business and TPG owns 22.3% of RAM Holdings Ltd. and RAM Holdings II
Ltd. (collectively referred to as "RAM Re"), a financial guaranty reinsurance
company based in Bermuda. CMG and Ram Re are accounted for on the equity method
in the Company's consolidated financial statements.
The Company's unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) for interim
financial information and with the requirements of Form 10-Q. In the opinion of
management, all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments)
considered necessary for a fair presentation of the Company's consolidated
financial condition at March 31, 1999, and its consolidated statements of
operations and cash flows for the periods ended March 31, 1999 and 1998, have
been included. Interim results for the periods ended March 31, 1999 are not
necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending
December 31, 1999. The financial statements should be read in conjunction with
the audited consolidated financial statements and footnotes included in The PMI
Group, Inc. 1998 Annual Report to Shareholders.
NOTE 2 - EARNINGS PER SHARE
The weighted average common shares outstanding for computing basic earnings per
share ("EPS") were 30,154,438 and 32,431,065 for the three months ended March
31, 1999 and 1998, respectively. The weighted average common shares outstanding
for computing diluted EPS includes only stock options issued by the Company that
have a dilutive impact and are outstanding for the period, and had the potential
effect of increasing common shares to 30,225,642 and 32,607,864 for the three
months ended March 31, 1999 and 1998, respectively. Net income available to
common shareholders does not change for computing diluted EPS.
6
<PAGE>
NOTE 3 - COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
The reconciliation of net income to comprehensive income for the three months
ended March 31, 1999 and 1998 are as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
THREE MONTHS
ENDED MARCH 31,
-------------------------------
(In thousands) 1999 1998
------------ -----------
<S> <C> <C>
Net income $ 43,652 $ 45,768
Other comprehensive income, net of tax:
Unrealized gains (losses) on securities:
Unrealized holding gains (losses) arising during period (5,309) 5,554
Less: reclassification adjustment for gains
included in net income (11) (5,178)
------------ -----------
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax (5,320) 376
------------ -----------
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME $ 38,332 $ 46,144
============ ===========
</TABLE>
NOTE 4 - NEW ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENT
In June 1998, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued SFAS No.
133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, which
established accounting and reporting standards for derivative instruments. The
statement is not expected to have a significant effect on PMI's financial
position or results of operations based on current operating activities.
7
<PAGE>
NOTE 5 - DEFERRED ACQUISITION COSTS ("DAC")
PMI defers certain costs related to the acquisition of primary mortgage
insurance and amortizes these costs against related premium revenue in order to
match costs and revenues in accordance with GAAP. These acquisition costs vary
with, and are primarily related to, the acquisition of new business. Specific
costs PMI defers include field underwriting, field sales, and national accounts.
To the extent PMI or any of its subsidiaries are compensated by customers for
contract underwriting, those underwriting costs are not deferred.
DAC is amortized on an accelerated basis over 24 months rather than the 5-7 year
average policy life. This method is used so that deferred costs will have been
fully amortized prior to the peak claims paying period.
The DAC asset is affected by: (a) acquisition costs deferred in a period, and
(b) amortization of previously deferred costs in such period. In periods where
there is growth in premiums (and therefore acquisition costs), the DAC asset
will increase because the amount of acquisition costs being deferred exceeds the
amount being amortized to expense. The following table reconciles beginning and
ending DAC for the periods indicated.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
THREE MONTHS
ENDED MARCH 31,
---------------------------------
(In thousands) 1999 1998
-------------- ------------
<S> <C> <C>
Beginning DAC balance $ 61,605 $ 37,864
Acquisition costs incurred and deferred 24,900 15,054
Amortization of deferred costs (20,823) (12,228)
-------------- ------------
Ending DAC balance $ 65,682 $ 40,690
============== ============
</TABLE>
8
<PAGE>
NOTE 6 - BUSINESS SEGMENTS
The Company's reportable operating segments include Mortgage Guaranty Insurance
and Title Insurance. The Mortgage Guaranty Insurance segment includes PMI, PMG,
RGC, RIC, TIC and TSPC. The Title Insurance segment consists of the results for
APTIC. The Other segment includes TPG, MSC, PCI, and SEC. The Other segment
includes the income and expenses of the holding company, the results from the
business of contract underwriting and software licensing, and the activity of an
inactive broker-dealer. Intersegment transactions are not significant. The
Company evaluates performance primarily based on segment net income.
The following tables present information about reported segment income (loss)
and segment assets for the periods indicated:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Mortgage
QUARTER ENDED MARCH 31, 1999 Guaranty Title Intersegment Consolidated
(In thousands) Insurance Insurance Other Adjustments Total
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Premiums earned $ 105,237 $ 23,531 $ - $ - $ 128,768
=========== ========= ========== ========= ============
Net underwriting income (expenses)
before tax-external customers $ 43,341 $ 2,225 $ (1,629) $ - $ 43,937
Investment and other income 19,151 367 668 - 20,186
Equity in earnings of affiliates - - 289 1,243 1,532
Interest expense - - (1,790) - (1,790)
Distributions on preferred capital securities - - (2,077) - (2,077)
----------- --------- ---------- --------- ------------
Income (loss) before income tax expense 62,492 2,592 (4,539) 1,243 61,788
Income tax expense (benefit) 18,647 937 (1,448) - 18,136
----------- --------- ---------- --------- ------------
Net income (loss) $ 43,845 $ 1,655 $ (3,091) $ 1,243 $ 43,652
=========== ========= ========== ========= ============
Total assets $ 1,686,749 $ 39,394 $ 80,555 $ - $ 1,806,698
=========== ========= ========== ========= ============
Mortgage
QUARTER ENDED MARCH 31, 1998 Guaranty Title Intersegment Consolidated
(In thousands) Insurance Insurance Other Adjustments Total
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Premiums earned $ 100,136 $ 16,710 $ - $ - $ 116,846
=========== ======== ========== ========== ============
Net underwriting income (expenses)
before tax-external customers $ 38,375 $ 1,617 $ (1,164) $ - $ 38,828
Investment and other income 26,754 322 1,955 - 29,031
Equity in earnings of affiliates - - - 511 511
Interest expense - - (1,706) - (1,706)
Distributions on preferred capital securities - - (2,079) - (2,079)
----------- --------- ---------- ---------- ------------
Income (loss) before income tax expense 65,129 1,939 (2,994) 511 64,585
Income tax expense (benefit) 19,027 699 (909) - 18,817
----------- --------- ---------- ---------- ------------
Net income (loss) $ 46,102 $ 1,240 $ (2,085) $ 511 $ 45,768
=========== ========= ========== ========== ============
Total assets $ 1,577,792 $ 33,523 $ 143,281 $ - $ 1,754,596
=========== ========= ========== ========== ============
</TABLE>
The Company did not have any major customers that accounted for more than 10% of
its consolidated revenues for any of the periods presented. The Company does not
have any material revenues or assets attributed to or located outside the United
States.
9
<PAGE>
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
CAUTIONARY STATEMENT
Certain written and oral statements made or incorporated by reference from time
to time by the Company or its representatives in this document, other documents
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, press releases, conferences,
or otherwise that are not historical facts, or are preceded by, followed by or
that include the words "believes," "expects," "anticipates," "estimates," or
similar expressions, and that relate to future plans, events or performance are
forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities
Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such forward-looking statements include the
following: (i) management anticipates that the refinancing trend will decrease
in 1999; (ii) during 1999, management expects the percentage of PMI's risk
related to risk-share programs and represented by pool risk to continue to
increase as a percentage of total risk. The Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac reduction
in mortgage insurance coverage requirements is expected to have a negative
impact on the growth rate of direct risk in force; (iii) management anticipates
that the percentage of NIW subject to captive mortgage reinsurance agreements
will continue to increase in 1999. In addition, the anticipated continued growth
of captive reinsurance arrangements is expected to have a negative effect on the
Company's net premiums written and net premiums earned for such customers with
captive arrangements; (iv) management anticipates ceded premiums will continue
to increase substantially as a result of the expected increase in risk-share
programs; (v) management anticipates the percentage of insurance in force with
higher coverage percentages will decrease in 1999 and this decreases should
accelerate in the years following due to a reduction in required mortgage
insurance by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac; (vi) although management expects that
California should continue to account for a significant portion of total
claims paid, management anticipates that with continued improvement in the
California economy, increased benefits of loss mitigation efforts and improved
default reinstatement rates, California claims paid as a percentage of total
claims paid should continue to decline; (vii) management believes that PMI's
total default rate could increase in 1999 due to the continued maturation of
its 1995 and 1996 books of business; (viii) management anticipates that
contract underwriting will continue to generate a significant percentage of
PMI's new insurance written ("NIW"); and (ix) management is uncertain about
the amount of new pool risk which will be written in 1999, but believes total
new 1999 pool risk will be less than in 1998. When a forward-looking statement
includes a statement of the assumptions or bases underlying the forward-
looking statement, the Company cautions that, while it believes such
assumptions or bases to be reasonable and makes them in good faith, assumed
facts or bases almost always vary from actual results, and the difference
between assumed facts or bases and actual results can be material, depending
on the circumstances. Where, in any forward-looking statement, the Company or
its management expresses an expectation or belief as to future results, such
expectations or belief is expressed in good faith and believed to have a
reasonable basis, but there can be no assurance that the statement of
expectation or belief will result or be achieved or accomplished. The
Company's actual results may differ materially from those expressed in any
forward-looking statements made by the Company. These forward-looking
statements involve a number of risks or uncertainties including, but not
limited to, the items addressed in the section titled "Cautionary Statements
and Investment Considerations" ("IC# 1-15") set forth below and other risks
detailed from time to time in the Company's periodic filings with the
Securities and Exchange Commission.
ALL FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS OF THE COMPANY ARE QUALIFIED BY AND SHOULD BE
READ IN CONJUNCTION WITH SUCH RISK DISCLOSURE. THE COMPANY UNDERTAKES NO
OBLIGATION TO PUBLICLY UPDATE OR REVISE ANY FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS, WHETHER
AS A RESULT OF NEW INFORMATION, FUTURE EVENTS OR OTHERWISE.
10
<PAGE>
RESULTS OF CONSOLIDATED OPERATIONS:
THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 1999 AND 1998
Consolidated net income was $43.7 million in the three months ended March 31,
1999, a 4.6% decrease over the corresponding period of 1998. The slight decline
can be attributed to increases in operating expenses, including policy
acquisition costs, of 35.2% and a decrease in net realized gains of 99.8%,
partially offset by an increase in premiums earned of 10.2% and a decrease of
21.6% in losses and loss adjustment expenses. Including capital gains, diluted
earnings per share increased by 2.9% to $1.44 in 1999. Excluding capital gains,
diluted operating earnings per share increased by 16.1% to $1.44. Revenues in
1999 increased by 3.1% to $155.3 million.
MORTGAGE INSURANCE OPERATIONS
PMI's NIW increased by 52.1% to $7.3 billion in the first quarter of 1999
compared with the first quarter of 1998, primarily as a result of the growth in
volume of the private mortgage insurance industry as well as the increase in
PMI's market share.
The members of the private mortgage insurance industry, as reported by the
industry's trade association, Mortgage Insurance Companies of America ("MICA"),
experienced an increase in total new insurance written of 43.1% to $50.1 billion
in the first quarter of 1999 from the corresponding period of 1998 primarily due
to an increase in refinancing activity brought on by lower interest rates
coupled with a strong home purchase activity. Refinancing as a percentage of
PMI's NIW increased to 37.2% by March 31, 1999 from 34.7% at March 31, 1998 and
from 31.0% at December 31, 1998. Management anticipates that the refinancing
trend will decrease in 1999. The private mortgage insurance companies' market
share decreased to 51.1% of the total low down-payment market (insurable loans)
from 51.6% in the first quarter of 1998 and from 56.3% at December 31, 1998.
Management believes the private mortgage insurance companies' decline in market
share was the result of an increase in the maximum individual loan amount that
the FHA can insure. (SEE IC2)]
PMI's market share of NIW excluding captive mortgage reinsurance cessions was
14.6% in the first quarter of 1999, a decrease from 15.1% in the fourth quarter
of 1998, but an increase from 13.7% in the first quarter 1998. On a combined
basis with CMG, market share increased to 15.9% in the first quarter of 1999
compared with 15.0% and 16.4% in the first and fourth quarters of 1998,
respectively. The increases in market share were primarily due to contract
underwriting services, pool insurance products, and risk sharing programs
offered by PMI. Pool risk totaled $42 million for the first quarter of 1999
compared with $14 million in the first quarter of 1998. Risk in force under
risk-share programs with PMI's customers, excluding pool insurance, represented
approximately 13.6% of the $19.5 billion total primary risk in force at March
31, 1999. Risk in force under pool insurance arrangements represented 2.5% of
total risk in force at March 31, 1999, compared with less than one percent at
March 31, 1998. During 1999, management expects the percentage of PMI's risk
related to risk-share programs and represented by pool risk to continue to
increase as a percent of total risk. The Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac reduction in
mortgage insurance coverage requirements is expected to have a negative impact
on the growth rate of direct risk in force.
(See IC10)
PMI's cancellations of insurance in force increased by 26.9% to $6.6 billion at
March 31, 1999 from March 31, 1998 primarily due to mortgage prepayments as a
result of low interest rates which caused high levels of refinancing activity.
As a result of the higher cancellation activity, PMI's persistency rate
decreased to 66.0% as of March 31, 1999, compared with 68.0% as of December 31,
1998 and 77.6% as of March 31, 1998.
Insurance in force increased by 5.2% to $81.3 billion at March 31, 1999 compared
with March 31, 1998 and when on a combined basis with CMG, insurance in force
grew by 7.4% to $86.0 billion compared with March 31,
11
<PAGE>
1998. PMI's market share of insurance in force grew by 0.3 percentage points to
14.6% and when combined with CMG grew by 0.9 percentage points to 15.8% at March
31, 1999 compared with March 31, 1998. PMI's risk in force increased by 7.9% to
$19.5 billion at March 31, 1999 and, when combined with CMG, grew by 9.9% to
$20.7 billion when compared with March 31, 1998. The growth rate of risk in
force is greater than insurance in force due to terminating policies being
replaced by new policies with higher coverage percentages.
Mortgage insurance net premiums written (which includes net cessions and
refunds) grew by 10.4% to $98.4 million in the first quarter of 1999 compared
with the same period in 1998 primarily due to the growth of risk in force of
both primary and pool insurance and the continued shift to deeper coverage for
primary insurance, partially offset by an increase in refunded premiums of 5.4%
to $5.3 million as a result of the increase in policy cancellations. Of new
insurance written in the first quarter of 1999, approximately 15.0% was subject
to captive mortgage reinsurance agreements. Management anticipates that the
percent of NIW subject to captive mortgage reinsurance agreements will continue
to increase in 1999. In addition, the anticipated continued growth of captive
reinsurance arrangements is expected to have a negative effect on the Company's
net premiums written and net premiums earned for such customers with captive
arrangements. (See IC15) Mortgage insurance premiums earned increased 5.1% to
$105.2 million in the first quarter of 1999 compared with the same period in
1998 primarily due to the increase in premiums written. Ceded premiums were $7.6
million in the first quarter of 1999, increasing 58.3% from the first quarter of
1998. Management anticipates ceded premiums will continue to increase
substantially as a result of the expected increase in risk-share programs. (See
IC7 and IC15)
PMI's monthly product represented 74.3% of risk in force at March 31, 1999,
compared with 61.0% at March 31, 1998. Mortgages with original loan-to-value
ratios greater than 90% and equal to or less than 95% ("95s") with 30% insurance
coverage increased to 35.1% of risk in force as of March 31, 1999, from 30.0% as
of March 31, 1998. Mortgages with original loan-to-value ratios greater than 85%
and equal to or less than 90% ("90s") with 25% insurance coverage increased to
30.4% of risk in force as of March 31, 1999, compared with 24.9% as of March 31,
1998. Management anticipates the percentage of insurance in force with higher
coverage percentages will decrease in 1999 and this decrease should accelerate
in the years following due to a reduction in required mortgage insurance by
Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. (See IC3)
Mortgage insurance losses and loss adjustment expenses decreased 21.7% to $29.6
million in the first quarter of 1999 compared with the first quarter of 1998
primarily due to the continuing improvement of the nationwide housing markets,
particularly California, and the corresponding decrease in claim payments. Loans
in default decreased by 2.8% to 15,916 at March 31, 1999 compared with March 31,
1998. PMI's national default rate decreased by 0.14 percentage points to 2.22%
at March 31, 1999 compared with the same period in 1998, primarily due to an
increase in policies in force.
Direct primary claims paid in the first quarter of 1999 decreased by 30.1% to
$23.0 million when compared with the same period in 1998 due to an 9.3% decrease
in the average claim size to approximately $22,400 and a 22.9% decline in the
number of claims paid to 1,028. The reduction in claims paid is the result of a
smaller percentage of claims originating from the California book of business
and to increased loss mitigation efforts by PMI and lenders.
Default rates on PMI's California policies decreased to 3.09% (representing
2,920 loans in default) at March 31, 1999, from 3.58% (representing 3,742 loans
in default) at March 31, 1998. Policies written in California accounted for
36.9% and 55.4% of the total dollar amount of claims paid in the first quarter
1999 and 1998, respectively. Although management expects that California will
continue to account for a significant portion of total claims paid, management
anticipates that with continued improvement in the California economy, increased
benefits of loss mitigation efforts and improved default reinstatement rates,
California claims paid as a percentage of total claims paid should continue to
decline. (See IC13) Management believes that PMI's total
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default rate could increase in 1999 due to the continued maturation of its 1995
and 1996 books of business. (See IC12)
Mortgage insurance policy acquisition costs incurred and deferred (including,
among other field expenses, contract underwriting expenses) increased by 65.4%
to $24.9 million in the first quarter of 1999 compared with the same period in
1998 as a result of the 52.1% increase in NIW. Amortization of policy
acquisition costs increased 70.3% during the same period. (See Note 5 "Deferred
Acquisition Costs" of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements) New policies
processed by contract underwriters represented 40.4% of PMI's NIW in 1999
compared with 29.9% in 1998. Contract underwriting is the preferred method among
many mortgage lenders for processing loan applications. Management anticipates
that contract underwriting will continue to generate a significant percentage of
PMI's NIW. (See IC7)
Other mortgage insurance operating expenses decreased by 1.7% to $11.5 million
in the first quarter of 1999 compared with the first quarter of 1998. Included
in operating expenses were Year 2000 remediation costs of $0.6 million in the
first quarter of 1999, compared with $0.4 million of such costs in the first
quarter of 1998. The mortgage insurance loss ratio declined by 9.6 percentage
points to 28.2% in the period ended March 31, 1999 compared with the same period
in 1998. The decrease can be attributed to the growth in premiums earned coupled
with the decrease in losses and loss adjustment expenses, as discussed above.
The expense ratio increased by 5.9 percentage points to 32.8% primarily due to
the increase in policy acquisition costs resulting from the growth in NIW. In
addition, premiums written were affected by a reduction in pool premiums and an
increase in captive reinsurance premium cessions. The combined ratio decreased
by 3.7 percentage points to 61.0% in the first quarter of 1999 compared with the
same period in 1998.
TITLE INSURANCE OPERATIONS
Title insurance premiums earned increased 40.7% to $23.5 million in the three
months ended March 31, 1999 compared with the same period in 1998 primarily due
to the record residential mortgage origination volumes, as discussed above, and
secondarily to APTIC's expansion into new states. APTIC was licensed in 39
states at March 31, 1999, up from 38 states at March 31, 1998. In the first
quarter of 1999, approximately 68% of APTIC's premiums earned came from its
Florida operations, compared with approximately 82% in 1998. Underwriting and
other expenses increased 41.6% to $21.1 million in the first quarter of 1999
compared with the same period in 1998 due to an increase in agency fees and
commissions related to the increase in premiums earned. The title insurance
combined ratio increased by 0.3 percentage points to 90.6%.
OTHER
Other income generated by other subsidiaries increased by 11.9% to $4.8 million
in the first quarter of 1999 compared with the first quarter of 1998 primarily
due to MSC's contract underwriting revenues of $3.7 million. Other expenses
generated by other subsidiaries increased by 18.5% to $6.4 million, primarily
due to expenses of $6.3 million incurred by MSC resulting from contract
underwriting services provided to the Company's mortgage insurance customers.
(See IC7)
In the period ended March 31, 1999, the Company's net investment income
(including realized capital gains) decreased by 26.5% million to $21.7 million
when compared with the first quarter of 1998 primarily due to a $7.8 million
decrease in realized gains on investments. In addition, the yield decreased to
5.9% at March 31, 1999 from 6.1% at March 31, 1998 primarily as a result of the
declining interest rate environment for the same period.
The Company's effective tax rate increased to 29.4% in the first quarter of 1999
from 29.1% in the first quarter of 1998 as a result of a decrease in the
proportion of tax-exempt investment income relative to total income.
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LIQUIDITY, CAPITAL RESOURCES AND FINANCIAL CONDITION
Liquidity and capital resource considerations are different for TPG and PMI, its
principal insurance operating subsidiary. TPG's principal sources of funds are
dividends from PMI and APTIC, investment income and funds that may be raised
from time to time in the capital markets.
PMI's ability to pay dividends to TPG is limited, among other restrictions,
under the insurance laws of Arizona. Such laws provide that: (i) PMI may pay
dividends out of available surplus and (ii) without prior approval of the
Arizona Insurance Director, such dividends during any 12-month period may not
exceed the lesser of 10% of policyholders' surplus as of the preceding year end,
or the last calendar year's investment income.
The laws of Florida limit the payment of dividends by APTIC to TPG in any one
year to 10% of available and accumulated surplus derived from realized net
operating profits and net realized capital gains.
In addition to the dividend restrictions described above, the Company's credit
agreements limit the payment of dividends by PMI, and various credit rating
agencies and insurance regulatory authorities have broad discretion to limit the
payment of dividends to TPG by PMI or APTIC. During the first quarter of 1999,
APTIC declared and paid a cash dividend of $3.0 million to TPG, substantially
the full amount of a dividend that can be paid by APTIC in 1999 without prior
permission from the Florida Department of Insurance. TPG has two bank credit
lines available totaling $50.0 million. At March 31, 1999, there were no
outstanding borrowings under the credit lines.
TPG's principal uses of funds are common stock repurchases, the payment of
dividends to shareholders, funding of acquisitions, additions to its investment
portfolio, investments in subsidiaries, and the payment of interest. The Company
announced a stock repurchase program in the amount of $100.0 million authorized
by the TPG Board of Directors in November 1998. During the first quarter of
1999, TPG purchased $11.3 million of the Company's common stock.
As of March 31, 1999, TPG had approximately $42.1 million of available funds.
This amount has decreased from the December 31, 1998 balance of $56.1 million
due to the common stock repurchases in 1999, offset by dividends received from
APTIC.
The principal sources of funds for PMI are premiums received on new and renewal
business and amounts earned from the investment of this cash flow. The principal
uses of funds by PMI are the payment of claims and related expenses, policy
acquisition costs and other operating expenses, investment in subsidiaries, and
dividends to TPG. PMI generates positive cash flows from operations as a result
of premiums being received in advance of the payment of claims. Cash flows
generated from PMI's operating activities totaled $34.1 million and $52.8
million in the three months ended March 31, 1999 and 1998, respectively. The
decrease in cash flow was the result of a temporary timing difference relating
primarily from the payment of income taxes.
The Company's invested assets increased by $20.7 million at March 31, 1999
compared with December 31, 1998 due to cash flows from consolidated operations
of $40.3 million offset by stock repurchases of $11.3 million and dividends paid
of $1.5 million in the first quarter.
Consolidated reserves for losses and loss adjustment expenses increased by 3.1%
in the first quarter of 1999 compared with December 31, 1998 primarily due to
the 7.2% increase in PMI's primary reserve per default to $13,400 at March 31,
1999 and to the increase in pool loss reserves.
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Consolidated shareholders' equity increased by $25.5 million the first quarter
of 1999, consisting of increases of $43.7 million from net income, offset by
$5.3 million from other comprehensive loss, common stock repurchases of $11.3
million, and dividends declared of $1.5 million.
PMI's statutory risk-to-capital ratio at March 31, 1999 was 14.6 to 1, compared
with 14.9 to 1 at December 31, 1998. (See IC9)
YEAR 2000 ISSUES
Impact of the Year 2000 Issue. The Company's business processes are highly
automated and dependent upon the consistent and accurate functioning of its
computer systems and the computer systems of its customers. As a result, the
Company is directing significant resources toward mitigating its exposure to the
so-called "Year 2000 issue." The Company has in place a Year 2000 project plan
to address the Year 2000 issue. The plan consists of three phases, all of which
have been completed or substantially completed as more fully discussed in the
Company's prior SEC filings. To date, PMI and CMG have met all readiness
deadlines or targets established by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and their
regulators.
Costs to Address the Year 2000 Issue. The Company is utilizing both internal and
external personnel and resources to implement its Year 2000 project plan.
Currently, no planned material projects involving information or non-information
technology systems have been delayed or are anticipated to be delayed as a
result of the redirection of resources to the Year 2000 remediation effort. The
Company plans to complete its Year 2000 issue remediation project at a total
external cost of approximately $5.0 million, which will be funded from operating
cash flow and is being expensed as incurred. For the three-month period ended
March 31, 1999, the Company incurred and expensed approximately $615,000 in
external costs related to its Year 2000 project plan and remediation efforts,
out of a total of $4.5 million incurred and expensed since commencement of the
Year 2000 project. The estimated costs do not include any potential costs
related to customer or other claims, or potential amounts related to executing
contingency plans. The Company does not separately track the internal costs
incurred in connection with the Year 2000 project plan, which are principally
payroll costs for employees working on the project.
THE DISCUSSION ABOVE AND ALL PRIOR DISCUSSIONS IN THE COMPANY'S SEC FILINGS ARE
DESIGNATED AS YEAR 2000 READINESS DISCLOSURES AS DEFINED BY THE YEAR 2000
INFORMATION AND READINESS DISCLOSURE ACT OF 1998.
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CAUTIONARY STATEMENTS AND INVESTMENT CONSIDERATIONS
GENERAL CONDITIONS (IC1)
Several factors such as economic recessions, declining housing values, higher
unemployment rates, deteriorating borrower credit, rising interest rates,
increases in refinance activity caused by declining interest rates, changes in
legislation affecting the mortgage insurance industry, or combinations of such
factors might affect the mortgage insurance industry and demand for housing in
general and could materially and adversely affect the Company's financial
condition and results of operations. Such economic events could materially and
adversely impact the demand for mortgage insurance, cause claims on policies
issued by PMI to increase, and/or cause a similar adverse increase in PMI's loss
experience.
Other factors that may influence the amount of NIW by PMI include: mortgage
insurance industry volumes of new business; the impact of competitive
underwriting criteria and product offerings and services, including mortgage
pool insurance and contract underwriting services; the ability to recruit and
maintain a sufficient number of qualified underwriters; the effect of
risk-sharing structured transactions; changes in the performance of the
financial markets; PMI's claims-paying ability rating; general economic
conditions that affect the demand for or acceptance of the Company's products;
changes in government housing policy; changes in government regulations or
interpretations regarding the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act and customer
consolidation. PMI's financial condition and results of operations may
materially and adversely be impacted by changes in legislation which affects the
ability of Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac to offer a substitute for mortgage
insurance, including self-insurance and alternative forms of credit support, or
for the FHA or the VA to increase statutory lending limits or other expansion of
eligibility for the FHA and VA. (See IC2). PMI's financial condition and results
of operations may materially and adversely be impacted by changes in
legislation, statutory charters and regulations governing banks and savings
institutions to form reinsurance subsidiaries or permit the offering of other
products which do not require mortgage insurance. In addition, PMI's financial
condition and results of operations may materially and adversely be impacted by
a reduction in the amount of mortgage insurance coverage required by Fannie Mae
and Freddie Mac. (See IC3)
The costs of Year 2000 remediation, the dates on which the Company estimates
that it will complete such remediation and possible risks associated with the
Year 2000 issue are based upon the Company's current estimates and are subject
to various uncertainties that could cause the actual results to differ
materially from the Company's expectations. Such uncertainties include, among
others, the success of the Company in identifying systems that are not Year 2000
compliant, the nature and amount of programming required to remediate each
affected system, the nature and adequacy of testing performed by the Company,
the availability of qualified personnel, consultants and other resources, and
the success of the Year 2000 remediation efforts of others. If the Company's
recently completed remediation of its mission critical mortgage insurance
origination and application processing process is faulty or fails for any reason
to be Year 2000 compliant, this circumstance could adversely impact its business
operations and could have a material adverse affect on the Company's financial
condition, liquidity and results of operations. See Management Discussion and
Analysis - Year 2000 Issues.
MARKET SHARE AND COMPETITION (IC2)
The Company's financial condition and results of operations could be materially
and adversely affected by a decline in its market share, or a decline in market
share of the private mortgage insurance industry as a whole. Numerous factors
bear on the relative position of the private mortgage insurance industry versus
government and
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quasi-governmental competition (see IC3) as well as the competition of lending
institutions that choose to remain uninsured, self-insure through affiliates, or
offer residential mortgage products that do not require mortgage insurance. The
impact of competitive underwriting criteria and product offerings, including
mortgage pool insurance and contract underwriting, has a direct impact on the
Company's market share. Further, several of the Company's competitors have
greater direct or indirect capital reserves that provide them with potentially
greater flexibility than the Company in addressing competitive issues.
PMI competes directly with federal and state governmental and quasi-governmental
agencies, principally the FHA and, to a lesser degree, the VA. The Office of the
Comptroller of the Currency has granted permission to certain national banks to
form a reinsurance company as a wholly-owned operating subsidiary for the
purpose of reinsuring mortgage insurance written on loans originated or
purchased by such bank. The Office of Thrift Supervision has also recently
granted permission for subsidiaries of thrift institutions to reinsure private
mortgage insurance coverage on loans originated or purchased by affiliates of
such thrift's parent organization. The Federal Reserve Board is in the process
of considering whether similar activities are permitted for bank holding
companies. The capitive reinsurance subsidiaries of national banks, savings
institutions, or bank holding companies could become significant competitors of
the Company in the future. Mortgage lenders, other than banks, thrifts or their
affiliates, are forming reinsurance affiliates that are typically regulated
solely by the insurance authority of their state of domicile. Management
believes that such reinsurance affiliates will increase competition in the
mortgage insurance industry and may materially and adversely impact PMI's market
share (See IC15).
Certain lenders originate a first mortgage lien with an 80% LTV ratio, a 10%
second mortgage lien, and 10% of the purchase price from borrower's funds
("80/10/10"). This 80/10/10 product competes with mortgage insurance as an
alternative for lenders selling loans in the secondary mortgage market. The
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and other banking regulators recently
approved rules to be effective April 1, 1999 that would require national banks
to hold almost twice as much risk-based capital to cover possible defaults on
the 80/10/10 products when the lender holds the first and second mortgage.
State-chartered banks already are subject to the higher capital requirement. If
the 80/10/10 product becomes a widely accepted alternative to mortgage
insurance, it could have a material and adverse impact on the Company's
financial condition and results of operations.
Legislation and regulatory changes affecting the FHA have affected demand for
private mortgage insurance. Effective January 1, 1999, the Department of Housing
and Urban Development announced an increase in the maximum individual loan
amount that FHA can insure to $208,800 from $197,620. The maximum individual
loan amount that the VA can insure is $203,150. The Omnibus Spending Bill of
1999, signed into law on October 21, 1998, among other items, streamlined the
FHA down-payment formula by eliminating tiered minimum cash investment
requirements and establishing maximum loan-to-value ratios based on loan size
and closing costs, making FHA insurance more competitive with private mortgage
insurance in areas with higher home prices.
Although management believes that it is too early to ascertain the impact of the
increase in the maximum individual loan amount the FHA can insure, any increase
in the maximum loan amount would likely have an adverse effect on the
competitive position of PMI and, consequently, could materially and adversely
affect the Company's financial condition and results of operations.
FANNIE MAE AND FREDDIE MAC (IC3)
The GSEs are permitted by charter to purchase conventional high-LTV mortgages
from lenders who obtain mortgage insurance on those loans. Fannie Mae and
Freddie Mac have some discretion to increase or decrease the amount of private
mortgage insurance coverage they require on loans, provided the minimum
insurance coverage requirement is met. During 1999, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac
separately announced programs where
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reduced mortgage insurance coverage will be made available for lenders that
deliver loans approved by the GSEs' automated underwriting services, Desktop
Underwriter(TM) and Loan ProspectorSM, respectively. Generally, Fannie Mae's and
Freddie Mac's reduced mortgage insurance coverage options provide for: (i)
across-the-board reductions in required MI coverage on 30-year fixed-rate loans
recommended for approval by GSE's automated underwriting services to the levels
in effect in 1994; (ii) reduction in required MI coverage, for loans with only a
5 percent down payment (a 95 percent LTV), from 30 percent to 25 percent of the
mortgage loan covered by MI; (iii) reduction in required MI coverage, for loans
with a 10 percent down payment (a 90 percent LTV loan), from 25 percent to 17
percent of the mortgage loan covered by MI. In addition, the GSE's announced
programs to further reduce MI coverage upon the payment of an additional fee by
the lender. Under this option, a 95 percent LTV loan will require 18 percent of
the mortgage loan have mortgage insurance coverage. Similarly, a 90 percent LTV
loan will require 12 percent of the mortgage loan have mortgage insurance. In
order for the home buyer to have MI at these levels, such loans would require a
payment at closing or a higher note rate.
Management believes it is too early to assess impact of the Fannie Mae and
Freddie Mac reduction of required levels of mortgage insurance on the Company's
financial condition and results of operation. If the reduction in required
levels of mortgage insurance were to become widely accepted by mortgage lenders
and their customers, however, such reduction could have a materially adverse
impact on the Company's financial condition and results of operation.
The Federal Housing Enterprises Financial Safety and Soundness Act of 1992,
requires the Office of Federal Housing Enterprise Oversight ("OFHEO") to develop
a risk-based capital regulation for the GSEs. On April 13, 1999 a notice of
proposed rulemaking was published in the Federal Register announcing OFHEO's
development of proposed risk-based capital regulations. Public comments
regarding the proposed regulations must be received in writing on or before
August 11, 1999. After consideration of the comments received on the proposal,
OFHEO will determine whether to issue a final rule or to issue a revised
proposal. OFHEO is not authorized to enforce the risk-based standard until one
year after the final rule is published. The regulation specifies a risk-based
capital stress test that, when applied to the GSEs, determines the amount of
capital that a GSE must hold to maintain positive capital throughout a 10-year
period of economic stress. The stress test is designed to simulate the financial
performance, including cash flows of the GSEs under severe economic conditions.
Such conditions would include high levels of mortgage defaults and associated
losses, and large interest rate shocks. The proposed regulations could require a
GSE to hold more than double the capital it presently maintains for loans with
loan-to-value ratios ("LTV") of 95 percent or higher. Further the proposed
capital regulations could treat more favorably credit enhancements issued by
private mortgage insurance companies with a claims-paying ability rating of AAA
or higher compared with those companies with a AA or lower rating.
Because of the numerous aspects of the OFHEO proposal which require
clarification and which are likely to be revised during the public comment
period, management is presently not able to ascertain the full impact of the
proposed risk-based capital regulations on the Company's financial condition and
results of operations in 1999 and beyond. Although management believes that it
is too early to ascertain the impact of the risk-based capital regulations as
proposed, management believes any shifts in the GSE's preferences for private
mortgage insurance to other forms of credit enhancement, including a tiering of
mortgage insurers based on their credit rating, could materially and adversely
affect the Company's financial condition and results of operations.
During October 1998, Freddie Mac sought to amend its charter to allow it to use
any method of default loss protection that is financially equal or superior, on
an individual or pooled basis, to the protection provided by private mortgage
insurance companies. The legislation containing the proposed charter amendment
was subsequently rescinded. Currently, Freddie Mac can purchase loans with
down-payments of less than 20%, only if the loans are insured or use other
limited methods to protect against default.
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Subsequent to the withdrawal of the legislation, Freddie Mac announced that it
would pursue a permanent charter amendment that would allow Freddie Mac to
utilize alternative forms of default loss protection, such as spread accounts,
or otherwise forego the use of private mortgage insurance on higher
loan-to-value mortgages. In addition, Fannie Mae announced it is interested in
pursuing new risk management options and is working with mortgage insurers and
lenders on appropriate risk management and dispersion of risk, which may include
a reduction in the use of mortgage insurance.
Fannie Mae's and Freddie Mac's current guidelines regarding cancellation of
mortgage insurance generally provide that a borrower's written request to cancel
mortgage insurance should be honored if: (a) the borrower has a satisfactory
payment record, no payment more than 30 days delinquent in the 12-month period
preceding the request for cancellation; and (b) the unpaid principal balance of
the mortgage is not greater than 80% of the original value of the property. (See
IC4 for a discussion of recent Federal legislation providing for guidelines for
automatic mortgage insurance cancellation)
In January, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac announced increases in the maximum
principal balance of loans eligible for purchase for purchase by Fannie Mae and
Freddie Mac to $240,000. Although management believes that it is too early to
ascertain the impact of the increase in the maximum individual loan amount the
GSEs can insure, management believes any increase in the maximum loan amount
would likely increase the number of loans eligible for mortgage insurance and
may have the effect of increasing the size of the mortgage insurance market, and
have a positive effect on the competitive position of PMI and consequently could
materially affect the Company's financial condition and results of operations.
Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac impose requirements on private mortgage insurers for
such insurers to be eligible to insure loans sold to such agencies. Under Fannie
Mae and Freddie Mac regulations, PMI needs to maintain at least an "AA-" or
equivalent claims-paying ability rating in order to provide mortgage insurance
on loans purchased by the GSEs. Failure to maintain such a rating would
effectively cause PMI to be ineligible to provide mortgage insurance. A loss of
PMI's existing eligibility status, either due to a failure to maintain a minimum
claims-paying ability rating from the various rating agencies or non-compliance
with other eligibility requirements, would have a material, adverse effect on
the Company's financial condition and results of operations. (See IC2)
INSURANCE IN FORCE (IC4)
A significant percentage of PMI's premiums earned is generated from its existing
insurance in force and not from new insurance written. PMI's policies for
insurance coverage typically have a policy duration of six to eight years. The
policy owner or servicer of the loan may cancel insurance coverage at any time.
PMI has no control over the owner's or servicer's decision to cancel insurance
coverage and self-insure or place coverage with another mortgage insurance
company. There can be no assurance that policies for insurance coverage
originated in a particular year or for a particular customer will not be
canceled at a later time or that the Company will be able to regain such
insurance coverage at a later time. As a result, the Company's financial
condition and results of operation could be materially and adversely affected by
greater than anticipated policy cancellations or lower than projected
persistency resulting in declines in insurance in force.
Upon request by an insured, PMI must cancel the mortgage insurance for a
mortgage loan. In addition, The Home Owners Protection Act of 1998 (the "Act"),
which is effective on July 29, 1999, provides for the automatic termination, or
cancellation upon a borrower's request, of private mortgage insurance upon
satisfaction of certain conditions. The Act applies to owner-occupied
residential mortgage loans regardless of lien priority, with borrower-paid
mortgage insurance, which closed after the effective date of the Act. FHA loans
are not covered by the Act. Under the Act, automatic termination of mortgage
insurance would generally occur once the loan-to-
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value ratio ("LTV") reaches 78%. A borrower may generally request cancellation
of mortgage insurance once the LTV reaches 80% of the home's original value, or
when actual payments reduce the loan balance to 80% of the home's original
value, whichever occurs earlier. For borrower initiated cancellation of mortgage
insurance, the borrower must have a good payment history. Good payment history
generally requires that there have been no payments during the 12-month period
preceding the loan's cancellation date 30 days or more past due, or 60 days or
more past due during the 12-month period beginning 24 months before the loan's
cancellation date. Loans which are deemed "high risk" by the GSEs, require
automatic termination of mortgage insurance coverage once the LTV is first
scheduled to reach 77% of the original value of the property without regard to
the actual outstanding balance. The Act preempts all but more protective,
preexisting state laws. Protected state laws are preempted if inconsistent with
the Act. Protected state laws are consistent with the Act if they require: (i)
termination of mortgage insurance at an earlier date or higher mortgage
principal balance than required by the Act, or (ii) disclosure of more, earlier,
or more frequent information. States which enacted mortgage insurance
cancellation laws on or before January 2, 1998, have until July 29, 2000 to make
their statutes consistent with the Act. States that currently have mortgage
insurance cancellation or notification laws include: California, Connecticut,
Illinois, Maryland, Minnesota, Missouri, New York, Texas and Washington.
Management is uncertain about the impact of the Act on PMI's insurance in force,
but believes any reduction in premiums attributed to the Act's required
cancellation of mortgage insurance, will not have a significant impact on the
Company's financial condition and results of operation for the foreseeable
future. (See IC10)
During an environment of falling interest rates, an increasing number of
borrowers refinance their mortgage loans. PMI and other mortgage insurance
companies generally experience an increase in the prepayment rate of insurance
in force, resulting from policy cancellations of older books of business with
higher rates of interest. Although PMI has a history of expanding business
during low interest rate environments, the resulting increase of NIW may
ultimately prove to be inadequate to compensate for the loss of insurance in
force arising from policy cancellations. During the first quarter of 1999,
mortgage loan refinancings continued at a higher than expected rate.
Management anticipates that the refinancing trend will decrease in 1999. A
decrease in persistency, resulting from policy cancellations of older books of
business affected by refinancings (which are affected, among other things, by
decreases in interest rates) may materially and adversely impact the level or
rate of growth of insurance in force or risk in force and consequently have
similar impacts on the Company's financial condition and results of operations.
RATING AGENCIES (IC5)
PMI's claims-paying ability is currently rated "AA+" (Excellent) by Standard and
Poor's Rating Services, "Aa2" (Excellent) by Moody's Investors Service, Inc.,
"AA+" (Very Strong) by Fitch IBCA, and "AA+" (Very High) by Duff & Phelps Credit
Rating Co. These ratings are subject to revisions or withdrawal at any time by
the assigning rating organization. The ratings by the organizations are based
upon factors relevant to PMI's policyholders, principally PMI's capital
resources as computed by the rating agencies, and are not applicable to the
Company's common stock or outstanding debt. During February 1999, Standard &
Poor's affirmed the AA+ financial strength rating and claims-paying ability
rating of PMI. During March 1999, Moody's confirmed PMI's Aa2 financial strength
and claims-paying ability ratings, but announced that it changed PMI's and TPG's
rating outlook from stable to negative stating such action was based on TPG
stock repurchases, PMI's writing of GSE pool and diversification into new
sectors.
Rating agencies generally assess capital charges on pool insurance policies
based on price and structure. One published methodology for assessing the
capital requirement for pool insurance is based on the real estate depression
which occurred in oil producing states during the mid-1980's. Management
believes the current capital charge that could be levied on pool insurance risk
by one rating agency is approximately $1.00 of capital for each $1.40 of pool
insurance risk. In comparison, primary mortgage insurance regulators
specifically limit the
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amount of insurance risk that may be written by PMI according to a number of
financial tests, including limiting risk, to a multiple of 25 times PMI's
statutory capital (which includes the contingency reserve). The rating agencies
could change their view as to the capital charges that are assessed on pool
insurance products at any time. (See IC10)
Management believes that a reduction in PMI's claims-paying ratings below AA-
could have a material, adverse effect on the Company's financial condition and
results of operations. (See IC3 and IC6)
LIQUIDITY (IC6)
In the mortgage guaranty insurance industry, liquidity refers to the ability of
an enterprise to generate adequate amounts of cash from its normal operations,
including premiums received and investment income, in order to meet its
financial commitments, which are principally obligations under the insurance
policies it has written. The level and severity of claims significantly
influence liquidity requirements.
TPG's principal sources of funds are dividends from PMI and APTIC, investment
income and funds that may be raised from time to time in the capital markets.
Numerous factors bear on the Company's ability to maintain and meet its capital
and liquidity needs, including the performance of the financial markets,
standards and factors used by various credit rating agencies, financial
covenants in credit agreements, and standards imposed by state insurance
regulators relating to the payment of dividends by insurance companies. Any
significant change in the performance of the financial markets negatively
affecting the Company's ability to secure sources of capital, or changes in the
standards used by credit rating agencies which adversely impact PMI's
claims-paying ability rating, or changes in the insurance laws of Arizona,
Florida or Wisconsin that restrict the ability of PMI, APTIC or CMG to pay
dividends at currently permissible levels, could adversely affect the Company's
ability to maintain capital resources to meet its business needs, and thereby
have a material, adverse affect on the Company's financial condition, liquidity
and results of operations.
CONTRACT UNDERWRITING SERVICES; NEW PRODUCTS (IC7)
The Company provides contract underwriting services for a fee that enable
customers to improve the efficiency and quality of their operations by
outsourcing all or part of their mortgage loan underwriting. As a part of its
contract underwriting services, PMI provides remedies which may include the
assumption of some of the costs of repurchasing insured and uninsured loans from
the GSEs and other investors. Generally, the scopes of these remedies are in
addition to those contained in PMI's master primary insurance policies. Due to
the increasing demand of contract underwriting services, the limited number of
underwriting personnel available, and heavy price competition among mortgage
insurance companies, PMI's inability to recruit and maintain a sufficient number
of qualified underwriters, or any significant increase in the cost PMI incurs to
satisfy remedy obligations for underwriting services, could materially and
adversely affect its market share and materially and adversely affect the
Company's financial condition and results of operations.
TPG and PMI, from time to time, introduce new mortgage insurance products or
programs. The Company's financial condition and results of operations could be
materially and adversely affected if PMI or the Company experiences delays in
introducing competitive new products and programs. In addition, for any
introduced product, there can be no assurance that such products, including any
mortgage pool type products, or programs will be as profitable as the Company's
existing products and programs.
NEW YORK DEPARTMENT OF INSURANCE (IC8)
21
<PAGE>
In February 1999, the New York Department of Insurance stated in Circular Letter
No. 2, addressed to all private mortgage insurers licensed in New York that
certain pool risk-share and structured products and programs would be considered
to be illegal under New York law. PMI believes that it complies with the
requirements of Circular Letter No. 2 with respect to transactions that are
governed by it. In the event the New York Department of Insurance determined PMI
was not in compliance with Circular Letter No. 2, it could materially and
adversely affect the Company's financial condition and results of operations.
RISK-TO-CAPTIAL RATIO (IC9)
The State of Arizona, PMI's state of domicile for insurance regulatory purposes,
and other regulators specifically limit the amount of insurance risk that may be
written by PMI, by a variety of financial factors. For example, Arizona law
provides that if a mortgage guaranty insurer domiciled in Arizona does not have
the amount of policyholders surplus required, it must cease transacting new
business until its policyholders surplus meets the requirements. Under Arizona
law, policyholders surplus is calculated based on the face amount of the
mortgage, the percentage coverage or claim settlement option and the loan to
value ratio category, net of reinsurance ceded, but including reinsurance
assumed. For example, under Arizona law, a mortgage guaranty insurer would have
to maintain policyholders' surplus equal to $1.00 per each one hundred dollars
of the face amount of the mortgage, provided the LTV was greater than
seventy-five percent and the coverage percent was twenty-five percent. The
amount of policyholders surplus would generally increase if the mortgage amount
remained constant, but the coverage percentages and/or LTV amounts increased.
Other factors affecting PMI's risk-to-capital ratio include: (i) limitations
under the Runoff Support Agreement with Allstate, which prohibit PMI from paying
any dividends if, after the payment of any such dividend, PMI's risk-to-capital
ratio would equal or exceed 23 to 1; (ii) TPG's credit agreements; and (iii)
TPG's and PMI's credit or claims-paying ability ratings which generally require
that the rating agencies' risk-to-capital ratio not exceed 20 to 1.
Significant losses could cause a material reduction in statutory capital,
causing an increase in the risk-to-capital ratio and thereby limit PMI's ability
to write new business. The inability to write new business could materially and
adversely affect the Company's financial condition and results of operations.
CHANGES IN COMPOSITION OF INSURANCE WRITTEN; POOL INSURANCE (IC10)
The composition of PMI's NIW has included an increasing percentage of mortgages
with LTVs in excess of 90% and less than or equal to 95% ("95s"). At March 31,
1999, 45.8% of PMI's risk in force consisted of 95s, which, in PMI's experience,
have had a claims frequency approximately twice that of mortgages with LTVs
equal to or less than 90% and over 85% ("90s"). PMI also offers coverage for
mortgages with LTVs in excess of 95% and up to 97% ("97s"). At March 31, 1999,
3.7% of PMI's risk in force consisted of 97s which have even higher risk
characteristics than 95s and greater uncertainty as to pricing adequacy. PMI's
NIW also includes adjustable rate mortgages ("ARMs"), which, although priced
higher, have risk characteristics that exceed the risk characteristics
associated with PMI's book of business as a whole. Since the fourth quarter of
1997, PMI has offered a new pool insurance product. Pool insurance is generally
used as an additional credit enhancement for certain secondary market mortgage
transactions and generally covers the loss on a defaulted mortgage loan that
exceeds the claim payment under the primary coverage, if primary insurance is
required on that mortgage loan. Pool insurance also generally covers the total
loss on a defaulted mortgage loan which did not require primary insurance, in
each case up to a stated aggregate loss limit. New pool risk written was $42
million for the quarter ended March 31, 1999. New pool risk written was $450
million for the year ended December 31, 1998. Management is uncertain about the
amount of new pool risk which will be written in 1999, but believes total new
1999 pool risk will be less than in 1998. Although PMI charges higher premium
rates for loans that have higher risk characteristics, including
22
<PAGE>
ARMs, 95s, 97s and pool insurance products, the premiums earned on such
products, and the associated investment income, may ultimately prove to be
inadequate to compensate for future losses from such products. Such losses could
materially and adversely affect the Company's financial condition and results of
operations. (See IC5)
POTENTIAL INCREASE IN CLAIMS (IC11)
Mortgage insurance coverage generally cannot be canceled by PMI and remains
renewable at the option of the insured until required to be canceled under
applicable Federal or state laws for the life of the loan. As a result, the
impact of increased claims from policies originated in a particular year
generally cannot be offset by premium increases on policies in force or
mitigated by nonrenewal of insurance coverage. There can be no assurance,
however, that the premiums charged will be adequate to compensate PMI for the
risks and costs associated with the coverage provided to its customers. (See
IC5)
LOSS RESERVES (IC12)
PMI establishes loss reserves based upon estimates of the claim rate and average
claim amounts, as well as the estimated costs, including legal and other fees,
of settling claims. Such reserves are based on estimates, which are regularly
reviewed and updated. There can be no assurance that PMI's reserves will prove
to be adequate to cover ultimate loss development on incurred defaults. The
Company's financial condition and results of operations could be materially and
adversely affected if PMI's reserve estimates are insufficient to cover the
actual related claims paid and expenses incurred.
REGIONAL CONCENTRATION (IC13)
In addition to nationwide economic conditions, PMI could be particularly
affected by economic downturns in specific regions where a large portion of its
business is concentrated, particularly California, Florida, and Texas, where PMI
has 17.0%, 7.4% and 7.3% of its risk in force concentrated and where the default
rate on all PMI policies in force is 3.09%, 2.93% and 1.98% compared with 2.22%
nationwide as of March 31, 1999.
CONTINUING RELATIONSHIPS WITH ALLSTATE AND AFFILIATE (IC14)
In December 1993, PMI entered into a Mortgage Pool Mortgage Guaranty Insurance
Reinsurance Treaty ("Reinsurance Treaty") with Forestview Mortgage Insurance
Company ("Forestview") whereby Forestview agreed to reinsure all liabilities
(net of amounts collected from third party reinsurers and indemnitors) in
connection with PMI's mortgage pool insurance business in exchange for premiums
received. The Reinsurance Treaty was amended in October 1994 to add a
cut-through provision and to provide that Forestview would assume PMI's
obligations under the run-off mortgage pool insurance policies after receipt of
all regulatory and policyholder approvals. The majority of Forestview's business
is currently comprised of the run-off mortgage pool business ceded by PMI
pursuant to the Reinsurance Treaty. (See Item 5 - Other Information, below)
On October 28, 1994, TPG entered into a Runoff Support Agreement (the "Runoff
Support Agreement") with Allstate Insurance Company ("Allstate") to replace
various capital support commitments that Allstate had previously provided to
PMI. Allstate agreed to pay claims on certain insurance policies issued by PMI
prior to October 28, 1994, if PMI's financial condition deteriorates below
specified levels, or if a third party brings a claim thereunder. Alternatively,
Allstate may make contributions directly to PMI or TPG. In the event that
Allstate makes payments or contributions under the Runoff Support Agreement
(which possibility management believes is remote), Allstate would receive
subordinated debt or preferred stock of PMI or TPG in return. No payment
obligation have arisen under the Runoff Support Agreement.
23
<PAGE>
claim thereunder. Alternatively, Allstate may make contributions directly to PMI
or TPG. In the event that Allstate makes payments or contributions under the
Runoff Support Agreement (which possibility management believes is remote),
Allstate would receive subordinated debt or preferred stock of PMI or TPG in
return. No payment obligation have arisen under the Runoff Support Agreement.
CAPTIVE REINSURANCE ARANGEMENTS; RISK-SHARING TRANSACTIONS (IC15)
PMI offers various risk-sharing structured transactions, including a captive
reinsurance arrangement as part of its strategic relationships with its
customers. PMI's customers have indicated an increasing demand for captive
reinsurance arrangements. Such arrangements allow a reinsurance company,
generally an affiliate of the lender, to assume a portion of the mortgage
insurance default risk in exchange for a portion of the insurance premiums. An
increasing percentage of PMI's NIW is being generated by customers with captive
reinsurance companies, and it is expected that this trend will increase,
resulting in a decrease in net premiums written which may negatively impact the
yield obtained in the Company's net premiums earned for such customers with
captive reinsurance arrangements. There can be no assurance that PMI's
risk-sharing structured transactions, including captive reinsurance
arrangements, will continue to be accepted by its customers. The inability of
the Company to provide its customers with acceptable risk-sharing structured
transactions, including potentially increasing levels of premium cessoions in
captive reinsurance arrangements, would likely have an adverse effect on the
competitive position of PMI and consequently could materially and adversely
affect the Company's financial condition, liquidity and results of operations.
THE PMI GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
MARCH 31, 1999
ITEM 3 - QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
There have been no signficant changes in market risk since December 31, 1998.
ITEM 4 - SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS.
Not applicable.
ITEM 5 - OTHER INFORMATION
Pursuant to a Recapture Agreement dated March 31, 1999, PMI and Forestview have
agreed to commute the Reinsurance Treaty and to recapture liabilities ceded by
PMI to Forestview under both the Reinsurance Treaty and a Mortgage Guaranty
Insurance Reinsurance Treaty ("Deep Cover Treaty") effective December 31, 1991,
and terminated as of October 27, 1994, pursuant to a Termination Agreement.
Closing of the Recapture Agreement is subject to the receipt of necessary
regulatory approvals.
ITEM 6 - EXHIBITS AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K
(a) Exhibits - The exhibits listed in the accompanying Index to
Exhibits are filed as part of this Form 10-Q
(b) Reports on Form 8-K:
24
<PAGE>
(i) On April 7, 1999, TPG filed a report on Form 8-K
attaching a copy of The PMI Group, Inc., Equity
Incentive Plan (as amended and restated effective as of
February 18, 1999).
25
<PAGE>
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, the
registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned thereunto duly authorized, on May 14, 1999.
THE PMI GROUP, INC.
/s/ John M. Lorenzen, Jr.
-------------------------
John M. Lorenzen, Jr.
Executive Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer
/s/ William A. Seymore
-------------------------
William A. Seymore
Vice President and Chief
Accounting Officer
26
<PAGE>
INDEX TO EXHIBITS
(PART II, ITEM 6)
EXHIBIT
NUMBER DESCRIPTION OF EXHIBIT
- ------ ----------------------
11.1 Computation of Net Income Per Share
27.1 Financial Data Schedule
27
<PAGE>
EXHIBIT 11.1
THE PMI GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
COMPUTATION OF RESTATED NET INCOME PER SHARE (1)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Three Months Ended
March 31,
-----------------------------
(In thousands, except for per share data) 1999 1998
---------- ----------
<S> <C> <C>
Basic net income per common share:
Net income $43,652 $45,768
Average common shares outstanding 30,154 32,431
---------- ----------
Basic net income per common share $ 1.45 $ 1.41
========== ==========
Diluted net income per common share:
Net income $43,652 $45,768
---------- ----------
Average common shares outstanding 30,154 32,431
Net shares to be issued upon exercise of dilutive
stock options after applying treasury stock method 71 177
---------- ----------
Average shares outstanding 30,225 32,608
---------- ----------
Diluted net income per common share $ 1.44 $ 1.40
========== ==========
</TABLE>
(1) Restated to conform with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards
No. 128, Earnings per Share.
<TABLE> <S> <C>
<PAGE>
<ARTICLE> 7
<MULTIPLIER> 1,000
<S> <C>
<PERIOD-TYPE> 3-MOS
<FISCAL-YEAR-END> DEC-31-1999
<PERIOD-START> JAN-01-1999
<PERIOD-END> MAR-31-1999
<DEBT-HELD-FOR-SALE> 1,364,875
<DEBT-CARRYING-VALUE> 0
<DEBT-MARKET-VALUE> 0
<EQUITIES> 136,553
<MORTGAGE> 0
<REAL-ESTATE> 0
<TOTAL-INVEST> 1,552,929
<CASH> 7,532
<RECOVER-REINSURE> 43,841
<DEFERRED-ACQUISITION> 65,682
<TOTAL-ASSETS> 1,806,698
<POLICY-LOSSES> 221,882
<UNEARNED-PREMIUMS> 87,723
<POLICY-OTHER> 0
<POLICY-HOLDER-FUNDS> 0
<NOTES-PAYABLE> 99,492
0
0
<COMMON> 352
<OTHER-SE> 1,122,645
<TOTAL-LIABILITY-AND-EQUITY> 1,806,698
128,768
<INVESTMENT-INCOME> 21,701
<INVESTMENT-GAINS> 17
<OTHER-INCOME> 4,765
<BENEFITS> 29,870
<UNDERWRITING-AMORTIZATION> 20,823
<UNDERWRITING-OTHER> 38,903
<INCOME-PRETAX> 61,788
<INCOME-TAX> 18,136
<INCOME-CONTINUING> 43,652
<DISCONTINUED> 0
<EXTRAORDINARY> 0
<CHANGES> 0
<NET-INCOME> 43,652
<EPS-PRIMARY> 1.45
<EPS-DILUTED> 1.44
<RESERVE-OPEN> 0
<PROVISION-CURRENT> 0
<PROVISION-PRIOR> 0
<PAYMENTS-CURRENT> 0
<PAYMENTS-PRIOR> 0
<RESERVE-CLOSE> 0
<CUMULATIVE-DEFICIENCY> 0
</TABLE>
