UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D. C. 20549
FORM 10-K
( X ) ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 or 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 1997
( ) TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from ________________ to ________________
Commission File Number 1-7349
Ball Corporation
State of Indiana 35-0160610
345 South High Street, P.O. Box 2407
Muncie, Indiana 47307-0407
Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (765) 747-6100
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of
the Act:
Name of each exchange
Title of each class on which registered
--------------------------------- --------------------------------
Common Stock, without par New York Stock Exchange, Inc.
Chicago Stock Exchange, Inc.
Pacific Exchange, Inc.
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: NONE
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports
required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the
registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to
such filing requirements for the past 90 days. YES [ X ] NO [ ]
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item
405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to
the best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information
statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any
amendment to this Form 10-K. [ ]
The aggregate market value of voting stock held by non-affiliates of the
registrant was $984.2 million based upon the closing market price on March 2,
1998 (excluding Series B ESOP Convertible Preferred Stock of the registrant,
which series is not publicly traded and which has an aggregate liquidation
preference of $59.9 million).
Number of shares outstanding as of the latest practicable date.
Class Outstanding at March 2, 1998
---------------------------------- ----------------------------
Common Stock, without par value 30,320,402
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
1. Annual Report to Shareholders for the year ended December 31, 1997, to the
extent indicated in Parts I, II, and IV. Except as to information
specifically incorporated, the 1997 Annual Report to Shareholders is not to
be deemed filed as part of this Form 10-K Annual Report.
2. Proxy statement filed with the Commission dated March 16, 1998, to the extent
indicated in Part III.
<PAGE>
PART I
Item 1. Business
Ball Corporation is an Indiana corporation organized in 1880 and incorporated
in 1922. Its principal executive offices are located at 345 South High
Street, Muncie, Indiana 47305-2326. On February 4, 1998, Ball announced that
it would relocate its corporate headquarters to an existing company-owned
building in Broomfield, Colorado. This move is expected to be largely
completed by the end of 1998. The terms "Ball" and the "Company" as used
herein refer to Ball Corporation and its consolidated subsidiaries.
Ball is a manufacturer of metal and plastic packaging, primarily for
beverages and foods, and a supplier of aerospace and other technologies and
services to commercial and governmental customers.
The following sections of the 1997 Annual Report to Shareholders contain
financial and other information concerning Company business developments and
operations, and are incorporated herein by reference: the notes to the
financial statements "Discontinued Operations," "Business Segment
Information," "Dispositions and Other," "Acquisitions," and "Management's
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations."
Recent Business Developments
The Company took a number of actions during 1997 which have affected the core
business, the most significant of which are summarized below. Further
information regarding these actions and other actions over the last three
years are found in the notes to the financial statements "Acquisitions,"
"Dispositions and Other," "Discontinued Operations," and "Management's
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" all
within the 1997 Annual Report to Shareholders.
Acquisition of M.C. Packaging (Hong Kong) Limited
In early 1997, FTB Packaging Limited (FTB Packaging), a majority-owned
subsidiary of Ball, acquired approximately 75 percent of M.C. Packaging (Hong
Kong) Limited (M.C. Packaging), previously held by Lam Soon (Hong Kong)
Limited and the general public for a total purchase price of approximately
$179 million.
PET Container Business
In the third quarter of 1997, the Company acquired certain PET (polyethylene
terephthalate) container assets from Brunswick Container Corporation. In
connection with the acquisition, the Company completed construction and began
operating a new plant in Delran, New Jersey, to supply a large East Coast
filler of soft drinks and other customers, and closed small manufacturing
facilities in Pennsylvania and Virginia.
<PAGE>
Other Information Pertaining to the Business of the Company
The Company's businesses are comprised of two segments: packaging, and
aerospace and technologies.
Packaging Segment
Ball's principal business is the manufacture and sale of rigid packaging
products, containers and materials primarily for use in packaging food and
beverage products and is reported within the packaging segment. Packaging
products are sold in highly competitive markets, primarily based on price,
service, and quality. The majority of the Company's packaging sales are made
directly to relatively few major companies having leading market positions in
packaged food and beverage businesses. Packaging segment sales to PepsiCo,
Inc., and affiliates represented approximately 12 percent of consolidated
1997 net sales. Worldwide sales to all bottlers of Pepsi-Cola and Coca-Cola
branded beverages comprised approximately 36 percent of consolidated net
sales in 1997. Ball believes that its competitors exhibit similar customer
concentrations.
The rigid packaging business is capital intensive, requiring significant
investments in machinery and equipment. Profitability is sensitive to
production volumes, the costs of certain raw materials, such as aluminum,
steel and plastic resin, and labor.
Raw materials used by the Company's packaging businesses are generally
available from several sources. Ball has secured what it considers to be
adequate supplies of raw materials and is not experiencing any shortage. The
Company's manufacturing facilities are dependent, in varying degrees, upon
the availability of process energy, such as natural gas and electricity.
While certain of these energy sources may become increasingly in short
supply, or subject to government allocation or excise taxes, the Company
cannot predict the effects, if any, of such occurrences on its future
operations.
Research and development efforts in these businesses seek to improve
manufacturing efficiencies and lower unit costs, principally raw material
costs, by reducing the material content of containers while improving or
maintaining other physical properties such as material strength. In addition,
research and development efforts are directed towards the development of new
sizes and types of both metal and plastic beverage containers such as the
innovative RheoformTM shaped metal beverage cans.
The operations and products within this segment are discussed below:
North American Metal Beverage Containers
Metal beverage containers and ends represent Ball's largest product line,
accounting for approximately 46 percent of 1997 consolidated net sales.
Decorated two-piece aluminum beverage cans are produced by seven
manufacturing facilities in the U.S. and two facilities in Canada; ends are
produced within two of the U.S. facilities. Metal beverage containers are
sold primarily to brewers and fillers of carbonated soft drinks and other
beverages under long-term supply or annual contracts. Sales volume of metal
beverage cans and ends tends to be highest during the period between April
and September.
The Company estimates that 17 percent of the total aluminum beverage cans
shipped in the U.S. and Canada in 1997 were shipped by Ball. The Company
estimates that its four larger competitors together represent substantially
all of the remaining market.
The U.S. metal beverage container industry experienced demand growth at a
compounded annual rate of approximately 2.8 percent during the last decade,
with much of that growth in the soft drink market segment. In 1995 aluminum
suppliers changed the pricing formula for aluminum can sheet to a price based
on ingot plus conversion costs, in contrast to the prior practice of annually
negotiated prices. As a result, the cost of aluminum can sheet increased
significantly and was reflected in higher beverage can selling prices. It is
believed that the soft drink industry responded by reducing its promotions of
products packaged in aluminum containers in 1995, and, coupled with increased
customer purchases in the fourth quarter of 1994 in anticipation of the
higher can prices, resulted in lower can shipments for the industry by an
estimated 5 percent. Shipments to the beer industry were also affected by the
price increase, the accelerated shipments in 1994, and the predominant use of
glass containers for introduction of new products. In 1997 and 1996,
industry-wide shipments increased approximately 1.6 percent and 1.0 percent,
respectively.
In Canada, metal beverage containers have captured significantly lower
percentages of the packaged beverage market than in the U.S., particularly in
the packaged beer market, in which the market share of metal containers has
been hindered by trade barriers and restrictive taxes within Canada.
Beverage container industry production capacity in the U.S. and Canada has
exceeded demand in the last several years, which has created a competitive
environment. While aluminum can sheet costs are largely passed through to
customers via formula pricing, it appears that pricing as well as quality and
service will continue to be major competitive factors.
North American Metal Food Containers
Two-piece and three-piece steel food containers are manufactured in the U.S.
and Canada and sold primarily to food processors in the Midwestern United
States and Canada. In 1997 metal food container sales comprised approximately
20 percent of consolidated net sales. Sales volume of metal food containers
tends to be highest from June through October as a result of seasonal
vegetable packs.
Recent consolidations within the commercial food container industry have
reduced the number of competitors. Currently, Ball has one principal
competitor located in Canada and two primary competitors located in the U.S.
metal food container market. Approximately 34 billion steel food cans are
shipped in the U.S. and Canada each year, more than 4.7 billion, or
approximately 14 percent, by Ball in 1997.
In the food container industry, manufacturing capacity in North America
significantly exceeds market demand, resulting in a highly price-competitive
market. During 1996, Ball completed the closure of three facilities, a
facility in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, which provided metal coating and
slitting services to the metal food and specialty products businesses, and
food can manufacturing facilities in Columbus, Indiana and Red Deer, Alberta,
Canada.
<PAGE>
North American Plastic Containers
PET packaging is Ball's newest product line, with 1997 net sales of $153
million. A full-scale pilot line, research and development center in Smyrna,
Georgia, was completed in 1995. During 1996 multi-line production plants
in Chino, California, and Baldwinsville, New York, became operational.
A fourth facility began full production in the first quarter of 1997 in Ames,
Iowa. In connection with the acquisition of certain manufacturing assets
from Brunswick Container Corporation, the Company began operating a new
plant in Delran, New Jersey in the second half of 1997 and closed small
manufacturing facilities in Pennsylvania and Virginia.
Demand for containers made of PET has increased in the beverage packaging
market and is expected to increase in the food packaging market with improved
technology and adequate supplies of PET resin. While PET beverage containers
compete against both metal and glass, the historical increase in the PET
market share has come primarily at the expense of glass containers. In 1994
the domestic plastic container market reached $5.5 billion, surpassing the
size of the glass container market for the first time. The latest available
projections for the year 2000 (based on estimated pounds of resin used) range
from an increase of almost 55 percent to 90 percent compared to 1996.
Competition in this industry includes two national suppliers and several
regional suppliers and self-manufacturers (primarily Coca-Cola). Price,
service and quality are deciding competitive factors. Increasingly, the
ability to produce customized, differentiated plastic containers is an
important competitive factor.
Prior to 1996, the demand for PET resins in North America exceeded supply.
However, the North American PET resin market experienced increased
production levels in 1996 resulting in capacity exceeding demand. As
a result, resin prices had decreased significantly during 1996 which was
reflected in lower sales dollars, as lower resin prices were passed on to
customers. In 1997, however, PET resin prices increased compared to 1996,
and were largely passed on to customers.
Ball has secured long-term customer supply agreements, principally for
carbonated beverage containers. Other products such as juice, water, liquor
and food containers are key elements in expanding the business.
International Packaging Operations
As part of Ball's initiative to expand its presence internationally, in early
1997 the Company, through FTB Packaging, Ball's majority-owned subsidiary,
acquired a controlling interest in M.C. Packaging. M.C. Packaging produces
two-piece aluminum beverage containers, three-piece steel beverage and food
containers, aerosol cans, plastic packaging, metal crowns and printed and
coated metal.
With the acquisition of M.C. Packaging, FTB Packaging, is the largest
beverage can manufacturer in China, supplying more than half of the two-piece
aluminum beverage cans used in China. Capacity has grown rapidly in China,
resulting in a supply/demand imbalance which is expected to be relatively
short term. As per capita consumption in China is significantly lower than in
more developed countries and per capita income in China is rising, there
is significant potential for strong demand growth. In the interim, Ball
has elected to delay start-up of two facilities originally expected to
become operational in 1998.
FTB Packaging and M.C. Packaging operate more than 20 manufacturing ventures
in China. The Beijing manufacturing facility is one of the most
technologically advanced plants in China with the fastest line-speed
capacity. FTB Packaging's 25 percent owned affiliate, Sanshui Jianlibao FTB
Packaging Limited (Sanshui), is the largest can manufacturing facility in
China in terms of production capacity. For more information on operations in
China, see Item 2, Properties, and Exhibit 21.1, Subsidiary List.
The Company also provides manufacturing technology and assistance to numerous
can manufacturers around the world. The Company also has a minority equity
position in a joint venture that manufactures two-piece beverage cans in the
Philippines. In 1995, the Company announced the formation of a joint venture
with BBM Participacoes S.A. to produce two-piece aluminum cans and ends in
Brazil. The Company and BBM Participacoes S.A. each own 50 percent of this
venture. The affiliate in Brazil has a can plant which became operational in
early 1997 and an end plant which became operational in late 1997. In early
1996, the Company announced a joint venture with Standard Can Company of
Bangkok, Thailand, to build a two-piece can and end plant in Thailand. Ball
and Standard Can each own 40 percent; the remaining interest is held by local
investors. Ball's Thailand affiliate has a plant which became operational
during the second quarter of 1997.
Aerospace and Technologies Segment
The aerospace and technologies segment consists of two divisions: the
Aerospace Systems Division, and the Telecommunication Products Division.
Sales in the aerospace and technologies segment accounted for approximately
17 percent of consolidated net sales in 1997.
The majority of the Company's aerospace business involves work under
relatively short-term contracts (generally one to five years) for the
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), the U.S. Department of
Defense (DoD) and foreign governments. Contracts funded by the various
agencies of the federal government represented approximately 87 percent of
this segment's sales in 1997. Overall, competition within the aerospace
business is expected to intensify. While the government budget for defense
and NASA has exhibited a downward trend in recent years, management believes
the NASA budget has stabilized and that within the Company's niche markets
defense spending will increase. With the consolidation of the industry,
competition for business will remain intense.
Aerospace Systems Division
A full-service aerospace and defense organization, the Aerospace Systems
Division provides hardware, software and services to a wide range of U.S. and
international customers, with an emphasis on space science, environment and
Earth sciences, defense, manned missions and exploration.
Space systems include the design, manufacture and test of satellites, ground
systems, launch vehicles and payloads (including integration) as well as
satellite ground station control hardware and software. Electro-optics
products for spacecraft guidance, control instruments and sensors and defense
subsystems for surveillance, warning, target identification and attitude
control in military and civilian space applications continue to be a niche
market for the division.
Primary cryogenics products include cryogenic systems for reactant storage
and sensor cooling devices such as closed-cycle mechanical refrigerators and
open-cycle solid and liquid cryogens.
<PAGE>
The division has gained prominence in the star trackers market as an industry
leader in general-purpose stellar attitude sensors, producing a unique
multi-mission, man-rated star tracker for the space shuttle. Fast-steering
mirrors provide precise stabilization and pointing of optical lines of sight
and offer potential commercial applications such as laser surgery and optical
computing.
Additionally, this division provides diversified technical services and
products to federal and local government agencies, prime contractors and
commercial organizations for a broad range of information warfare, electronic
warfare, avionics, intelligence, training and space systems problems. These
same skills developed for defense and aerospace programs are now being
applied to transportation and environmental markets.
Among the 1997 highlights was the launch of the Ball-built Space Telescope
Imaging Spectrograph and Near-infrared Camera and Multi-object Spectrometer
for the February 1997 Hubble Space Telescope's second servicing mission. The
GEOSAT Follow-on operational radar altimeter satellite was delivered in late
1997 for launch in early 1998. The division was also awarded a contract to
design and develop the cryogenic telescope assembly for NASA's Space Infrared
Telescope Facility. In addition the division received the first award under
NASA's Rapid Spacecraft Acquisition contract for the QuikSCATTM spacecraft
bus. Other major contracts include the Solar Array and Antenna Mechanism Lot
5, the Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment and the Advanced Camera for
Surveys.
Telecommunication Products Division
This division develops and manufactures antenna, communication and video
products and systems for space, aeronautical, land and marine applications
for military and specialized civil markets.
Among the 1997 milestones was the completion of development of a new product
called jeTVisionTM which provides live television to aircraft and which the
Company plans to introduce in 1998.
Backlog
Backlog of the aerospace and technologies segment was approximately $267
million at December 31, 1997, and $337 million at December 31, 1996, and
consists of the aggregate contract value of firm orders excluding amounts
previously recognized as revenue. The 1997 backlog includes approximately
$201 million which is expected to be billed during 1998, with the remainder
expected to be billed thereafter. Unfunded amounts included in backlog for
certain firm government orders which are subject to annual funding were
approximately $138 million at December 31, 1997. Year-to-year comparisons of
backlog are not necessarily indicative of the trend of future operations.
The Company's aerospace and technologies segment has contracts with the U.S.
Government which have standard termination provisions. The Government retains
the right to terminate contracts at its convenience. However, if contracts
are terminated, Ball is entitled to be reimbursed for allowable costs and
profits to the date of termination relating to authorized work performed to
such date. U.S. Government contracts are also subject to reduction or
modification in the event of changes in Government requirements or budgetary
constraints.
Patents
In the opinion of the Company, none of its active patents is essential to the
successful operation of its business as a whole.
Research and Development
The note, "Research and Development," of the 1997 Annual Report to
Shareholders contains information on Company research and development
activity and is incorporated herein by reference.
Environment
Compliance with federal, state and local laws relating to protection of the
environment has not had a material, adverse effect upon capital expenditures,
earnings or competitive position of the Company. As more fully described
under Item 3, Legal Proceedings, the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency
and various state environmental agencies have designated the Company as a
potentially responsible party, along with numerous other companies, for the
cleanup of several hazardous waste sites. However, the Company's information
at this time does not indicate that these matters will have a material,
adverse effect upon financial condition, results of operations, capital
expenditures or competitive position of the Company.
Legislation which would prohibit, tax or restrict the sale or use of certain
types of containers, and would require diversion of solid wastes such as
packaging materials from disposal in landfills, has been or may be introduced
in the U.S. Congress and the Canadian Parliament, in state and Canadian
provincial legislatures and other legislative bodies. While container
legislation has been adopted in a few jurisdictions, similar legislation has
been defeated in public referenda in several other states, in local elections
and in many state and local legislative sessions. The Company anticipates
that continuing efforts will be made to consider and adopt such legislation
in many jurisdictions in the future. If such legislation was widely adopted,
it could have a material adverse effect on the business of the Company, as
well as on the container manufacturing industry generally, in view of the
Company's substantial North American sales and investment in metal and PET
container manufacture.
Aluminum, steel and PET containers are recyclable, and significant amounts of
used containers are being recycled and diverted from the solid waste stream.
Using the most recent data available, in 1997 approximately 67 percent of
aluminum beverage containers sold in the U.S. were recycled. Steel can
recycling in 1996, the latest information available, was approximately 58
percent. In 1996, the most recent data available, approximately 34 percent of
the PET soft drink containers, and approximately 26 percent of all PET
containers, sold in the U.S. were recycled.
Employees
As of March 1998 the Company employed approximately 10,300 people worldwide.
Item 2. Properties
The Company's properties described below are well maintained, considered
adequate and being utilized for their intended purposes.
The Corporate headquarters are currently located in Muncie, Indiana. The
offices for metal packaging operations are based in Westminster, Colorado.
Also located in Westminster is the Edmund F. Ball Technical Center, which
serves as a research and development facility primarily for the metal
packaging operations. The offices, pilot line and research and development
center for the plastic container business are located in Smyrna, Georgia.
Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corp. offices are currently located in
Broomfield, Colorado. The Colorado-based operations of this business operate
from a variety of Company owned and leased facilities in Boulder, Broomfield
and Westminster, Colorado, which together aggregate approximately 1,000,000
square feet of office, laboratory, research and development, engineering and
test, and manufacturing space, including a leased research and development
facility in Broomfield. Other aerospace and technologies operations are based
in Dayton, Ohio; Warner Robins, Georgia; Albuquerque, New Mexico; and San
Diego, California.
Information regarding the approximate size of the manufacturing locations for
significant packaging operations which are owned by the Company, except where
indicated otherwise, follows. Where certain locations include multiple
facilities, the total approximate size for the location is noted. In addition
to the manufacturing facilities, the Company leases warehousing space.
Approximate
Floor Space in
Plant Location Square Feet
Metal packaging manufacturing facilities:
North America
Blytheville, Arkansas (leased) 8,000
Springdale, Arkansas 290,000
Richmond, British Columbia 204,000
Fairfield, California 148,000
Golden, Colorado 330,000
Tampa, Florida 139,000
Saratoga Springs, New York 283,000
Columbus, Ohio 170,000
Findlay, Ohio 450,000
Burlington, Ontario 309,000
Hamilton, Ontario 347,000
Whitby, Ontario 195,000
Baie d'Urfe, Quebec 117,000
Chestnut Hill, Tennessee 42,000
Conroe, Texas 284,000
Williamsburg, Virginia 260,000
Weirton, West Virginia (leased) 117,000
DeForest, Wisconsin 45,000
Asia
----
Beijing, China 227,000
E-zhou, Hubei (Wuhan), China 183,000
Ningbo, China 81,000
Hong Kong, China 340,000
Panyu, China 133,000
Shenzhen, China 271,000
Tianjin, China 333,000
Xi'an, China 89,000
Zhuhai, China 84,000
<PAGE>
Approximate
Floor Space in
Plant Location Square Feet
Plastic packaging manufacturing facilities:
North America
Chino, California (leased) 228,000
Ames, Iowa 250,000
Delran, New Jersey (leased) 466,000
Baldwinsville, New York (leased) 240,000
Asia
----
Hong Kong, China (leased) 55,000
Taicang, Jiangsu, China (leased) 63,000
Tianjin, China 52,000
In addition to the consolidated manufacturing facilities, the Company has
minority ownership interests in packaging affiliates located in China,
Brazil, Thailand, Taiwan and the Philippines.
Item 3. Legal Proceedings
As previously reported, the United States Environmental Protection Agency
(EPA) considers the Company to be a Potentially Responsible Party (PRP) with
respect to the Lowry Landfill (site) located east of Denver, Colorado. On
June 12, 1992, the Company was served with a lawsuit filed by the City and
County of Denver and Waste Management of Colorado, Inc., seeking contribution
from the Company and approximately 38 other companies. The Company filed its
answer denying the allegations of the Complaint. On July 8, 1992, the Company
was served with a third-party complaint filed by S. W. Shattuck Chemical
Company, Inc., seeking contribution from the Company and other companies for
the costs associated with cleaning up the Lowry Landfill. The Company denied
the allegations of the complaint.
In July 1992, the Company entered into a settlement and indemnification
agreement with the City and County of Denver (Denver), Chemical Waste
Management, Inc., and Waste Management of Colorado, Inc., pursuant to which
Denver, Chemical Waste Management, Inc., and Waste Management of Colorado,
Inc. (collectively Waste), dismissed their lawsuit against the Company and
Waste agreed to defend, indemnify and hold harmless the Company from claims
and lawsuits brought by governmental agencies and other parties relating to
actions seeking contributions or remedial costs from the Company for the
cleanup of the site. Several other companies which are defendants in the
above-referenced lawsuits had already entered into the settlement and
indemnification agreement with Denver and Waste. Waste Management, Inc., has
agreed to guarantee the obligations of Chemical Waste Management, Inc., and
Waste Management of Colorado, Inc. Waste and Denver may seek additional
payments from the Company if the response costs related to the site exceed
$319 million. The Company might also be responsible for payments (calculated
in 1992 dollars) for any additional wastes which may have been disposed of by
the Company at the site but which are identified after the execution of the
settlement agreement.
At this time, there are no Lowry Landfill actions in which the Company is
actively involved. Based on the information available to the Company at the
present time, the Company believes that this matter will not have a material
adverse effect on the financial condition of the Company.
As previously reported, the Company has been notified by Chrysler Corporation
(Chrysler) that Chrysler, Ford Motor Company, and General Motors Corporation
have been named in a lawsuit filed in the U.S. District Court in Reno,
Nevada, by Jerome Lemelson, alleging infringement of three of his vision
inspection system patents used by defendants. One or more of the vision
inspection systems used by the defendants may have been supplied by the
Company's former Industrial Systems Division (Division) or its predecessors.
The suit seeks injunctive relief and unspecified damages. Chrysler has
notified the Company that the Division may have indemnification
responsibilities to Chrysler. The Company has responded to Chrysler that it
appears at this time that the systems sold to Chrysler by the Company either
were not covered by the identified patents or were sold to Chrysler before
the patents were issued. On June 16, 1995, the Magistrate of the U.S.
District Court has declared the patents of Lemelson unenforceable because of
the long delays in prosecution. On April 28, 1997, the U.S. District Court
Judge vacated the report and recommendation of the U.S. Magistrate and found
that the patents were not invalid. On August 20, 1997, the U.S. Court of
Appeals for the Federal Circuit denied Ford's petition for permission to
appeal. Based on that information, the Company is unable to express an
opinion as to the actual exposure of the Company for these matters.
As previously reported, in September 1992, the Company, as a fourth-party
defendant, was served with a lawsuit filed by AlliedSignal and certain other
fourth-party plaintiffs seeking the recovery of certain response costs and
contribution under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and
Liability act of 1980, as amended (CERCLA) with respect to the alleged
disposal by its Metal Decorating & Service Division of hazardous waste at the
Cross Brothers Site in Kankakee, Illinois, during the years 1961 to 1980.
Also in September 1992, the Company was sued by another defendant, Krueger
Ringier, Inc. In October 1992 the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency
filed an action to join the Company as a Defendant seeking to recover the
State's costs in removing waste from the Cross Brothers Site. The Company
denied the allegations of the complaints and continued to defend these
matters. The Company and certain other companies have entered into a Consent
Decree with the EPA pursuant to which the EPA received approximately $2.9
million dollars and provided the companies with contribution protection and a
covenant not to sue. Ball's share of the settlement amount was $858,493.60.
The Company has been indemnified for the settlement payment by Alltrista
Corporation which owned the Metal Decorating & Service Division. The Court
approved the Consent Decree on April 28, 1994. The Company and certain other
companies have negotiated a settlement with the State of Illinois. Pursuant
to the settlement, the group paid the State of Illinois $888,367 in
settlement of the costs expended in the cleanup of the Cross Brothers Site.
The Company's portion was $153,846, and the Company has been indemnified by
Alltrista Corporation. Based upon the information available to the Company at
this time, this matter has not had a material, adverse effect upon its
financial condition. The Company believes this matter is now closed.
As previously reported, on April 24, 1992, the Company was notified by the
Muncie Race Track Steering Committee that the Company, through its former
Consumer Products Division and former Zinc Products Division, may be a PRP
with respect to waste disposed at the Muncie Race Track Site located in
Delaware County, Indiana. The Steering Committee requested that the Company
pay two percent of the cleanup costs which are estimated at this time to be
$10 million. The Company declined to participate in the PRP group because the
Company's records do not indicate the Company contributed hazardous waste to
the site. Based upon the information available to the Company at this time,
the Company does not believe that this matter will have a material, adverse
effect upon the financial condition of the Company.
<PAGE>
On August 1, 1997, EPA sent notice of potential liability letters to 19
owners, operators, and waste generators concerning past activities at one or
more of the four Rocky Flats parcels at the Rocky Flats Industrial Park site
located in Jefferson County, Colorado. Based upon sampling at the site in
1996, EPA determined that additional site work would be required to determine
the extent of contamination and the possible cleanup of the site. EPA
requested the letter recipients conduct an engineering evaluation and cost
analysis (EE/CA) of the site. Fourteen companies, including the Company, have
agreed to undertake the study. EPA is also seeking reimbursement for
approximately $1.5 million they have already spent at the site. On December
19, 1997, EPA issued an Administrative Order to conduct the EE/CA to 18
owners, operators, and generators associated with the site. The EPA alleges
that the Company is the ninth largest generator of the thirteen generators
issued Administrative Orders. The PRP group has undertaken the EE/CA at a
cost of about $850,000 of which the Company has paid approximately $70,000.
Based upon the information available at this time, the Company believes that
this matter will not have a material adverse effect on the financial
condition of the Company.
As previously reported, the Company was notified on June 19, 1989, that the
EPA has designated the Company and numerous other companies as PRPs
responsible for the cleanup of certain hazardous wastes that have been
released at the Spectron, Inc., site located in Elkton, Maryland. In December
1989, the Company, along with other companies whose alleged hazardous waste
contributions to the Spectron, Inc., site were considered to be de minimis,
entered into a settlement agreement with the EPA for cleanup costs incurred
in connection with the removal action of aboveground site areas. By a letter
dated September 29, 1995, the Company, along with the other above-described
PRPs, were notified by EPA that it was negotiating with the large volume PRPs
another consent order for performance of a site environmental study as a
prerequisite to possible long-term remediation. EPA and the large-volume PRPs
have stated that a second de minimis buyout for settlement of liability for
performance of all environmental studies and site remediation is being
formulated and an offer to participate therein has been made to the Company.
Certain other PRPs have agreed with the EPA to perform a groundwater study of
the site. The Company's information at this time does not indicate that this
matter will have a material, adverse effect upon its financial condition.
As previously reported, the Company has received information that it has been
named a PRP with respect to the Solvents Recovery Site located in
Southington, Connecticut. According to the information received by the
Company, it is alleged that the Company contributed approximately .08816
percent of the waste contributed to the site on a volumetric basis. The
Company is attempting to identify additional information regarding this
matter. The Company has responded and has investigated the accuracy of the
total volume alleged to be attributable to the Company. The Company joined
the PRP group during 1993. In February 1995, the Company executed a trust
agreement whereby certain contributions will be made to fund the
administration of an ongoing work group. The group members finalized an
Administrative Order on Consent For Removal Action and Remedial
Investigation/Feasibility Study on February 6, 1997, pursuant to which the
group members will perform a removal action and completion of a remedial
investigation and feasibility study in connection with the site. Based on the
information available to the Company at this time, the Company believes that
this matter will not have a material, adverse effect on the financial
condition of the Company.
<PAGE>
As previously reported, on or about June 14, 1990, the El Monte plant of
Ball-InCon Glass Packaging Corp., a then wholly owned subsidiary of the
Company (renamed Ball Glass Container Corporation (Ball Glass), the assets of
which were contributed in September 1995 into a joint venture with Compagnie
de Saint-Gobain (Saint-Gobain), now known as Ball-Foster Glass Container Co.,
L.L.C., and wholly owned by Saint-Gobain), received a general notification
letter and information request from EPA, Region IX, notifying Ball Glass that
it may have a potential liability as defined in Section 107(a) of CERCLA with
respect to the San Gabriel Valley areas 1-4 Superfund sites located in Los
Angeles County, California. The EPA requested certain information from Ball
Glass, and Ball Glass responded. The Company received notice from the City of
El Monte that, pursuant to a proposed city economic redevelopment plan, the
City proposed to commence groundwater cleanup by a pump and treat remediation
process. A PRP group organized and drafted a PRP group agreement, which Ball
Glass executed. The PRP group retained an environmental engineering firm to
critique the EPA studies and any proposed remediation.
The PRP group completed negotiations with the EPA over the terms of the
administrative consent order, statement of work for the remedial
investigation phase of the cleanup, and the interim allocation arrangement
between group members to fund the remedial investigation. The interim
allocation approach would require that any payment will be based upon
contribution to pollution. The administrative consent order was executed by
the group and EPA. The EPA also accepted the statement of work for the
remedial investigation phase of the cleanup. The group retained an
environmental engineering consulting firm to perform the remedial
investigation. As required under the administrative consent order, the group
submitted to the EPA all copies of all environmental studies conducted at the
plant, the majority of which had already been furnished to the State of
California. The EPA approved the work plan, project management plan, and the
data management plan portions of the PRP group's proposed remedial
investigation/feasibility study (RI/FS). The group is currently funding the
RI/FS. The group has proposed a range of remedies. The cost of such remedies
might range from minimal costs to $6,240,000 for deep groundwater
remediation. The group has not made any final allocation.
Based on the information available to the Company at the present time, the
Company is unable to express an opinion as to the actual exposure of the
Company for this matter. However, Commercial Union, the Company's general
liability insurer, is defending this governmental action and is paying the
cost of defense including attorneys' fees.
As previously reported, in March of 1992, William Hallahan, an employee of
the Company's metal container plant in Saratoga Springs, New York, filed a
workers' compensation claim alleging that he suffers from a form of leukemia
that was caused by his exposure to certain chemicals used in the plant. The
Company denied the charge, and hearings on the matter were held before the
Workers' Compensation Board of the State of New York. On January 14, 1997,
the Administrative Law Judge filed his Memorandum of Decision finding in
favor of the claimant. The Company has filed an appeal. Based upon the
information available to the Company at this time, the Company believes that
this matter will not have a material, adverse effect on the financial
condition of the Company.
<PAGE>
William Hallahan and his wife filed suit against certain manufacturers of
solvents, coatings, and equipment, including Somerset Technologies and Belvac
Production Machinery seeking damages in the amount of $15 million for
allegedly causing leukemia by exposing him to harmful toxins. Somerset and
Belvac filed third-party complaints seeking contribution from the Company for
damages that they might be required to pay to William Hallahan. Based upon
information available to the Company at this time, the Company believes that
this matter will not have a material adverse effect on the financial
condition of the Company.
On November 30, 1995, the U.S. Justice Department filed a lawsuit in the U.S.
District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan on behalf of the United
States of America against Erie Coatings and Chemicals, Inc., and certain
other defendants, including the Company, seeking the reimbursement of
approximately $1.3 million in costs. The lawsuit alleges that some 30
generators of hazardous waste, including the Company's metal container group,
disposed of hazardous waste at the Erie Coatings and Chemicals, Inc., site
located in Erie, Michigan. The United States and the defendants agreed to
settle this matter for $900,000. A Consent Decree resolving the case was
approved by the Court on August 11, 1997. The Company contributed $39,951.09
to settle the Company's alleged liability in this matter. The group continues
to seek further contribution from other PRPs. This matter is now concluded
with no material adverse effect on the Company.
On January 5, 1996, the Company was served with a lawsuit filed by an
individual named Tangee E. Daniels, on behalf of herself and two minor
children and four other plaintiffs, alleging that the Company's metal
beverage container operations a/k/a Ball Corporation and over 50 other
defendants disposed of certain hazardous waste at the hazardous waste
disposal site operated by Gibraltar Chemical Resources, Inc., located in
Winona, Smith County, Texas. The lawsuit also alleges that American Ecology
Corp., America Ecology Management Corp., Mobley Environmental Services, Inc.,
John A. Mobley, James Mobley, Daniel Mobley, and Thomas Mobley were managers
for Gibraltar and failed to appropriately manage the waste disposed of or
treated at the Gibraltar site, resulting in release of hazardous substances
into the environment. The plaintiffs allege that they have been denied the
enjoyment of their property and have sustained personal and bodily injury and
damages due to the release of hazardous waste and toxic substances into the
environment caused by all the defendants. The plaintiffs allege numerous
causes of action under state law and common law. Plaintiffs also seek to
recover damages for past, present, and future medical treatment; mental and
emotional anguish and trauma; loss of wages and earning capacity; and
physical impairment, as well as punitive damages and prejudgment interest in
unspecified amounts. Three other lawsuits have been filed against
substantially the same defendants: Williams v. Akzo Nobel Chemicals, Inc.
(dismissed but appealed), and Gibraltar Chemical Resources, Inc.; Steich v.
Akzo et al. (voluntarily dismissed without prejudice); and Adams v. Akzo et
al. Each lawsuit makes the same allegations that are made in the Daniel's
suit and seeks the same damages. The Company is a party defendant in each
lawsuit. The Company has denied the allegations of each complaint and intends
to defend each matter. Based upon the limited information available to the
Company at the present time, the Company is unable to express an opinion as
to the actual exposure of the Company for these matters.
Item 4. Submission of Matters to Vote of Security Holders
There were no matters submitted to the security holders during the fourth
quarter of 1997.
<PAGE>
Part II
Item 5. Market for the Registrant's Common Stock and Related Stockholder Matters
Ball Corporation common stock (BLL) is traded on the New York, Chicago and
Pacific Stock Exchanges. There were 7,519 common shareholders of record on
March 2, 1998.
Other information required by Item 5 appears under the caption, "Quarterly
Stock Prices and Dividends," in the 1997 Annual Report to Shareholders and is
incorporated herein by reference.
Item 6. Selected Financial Data
The information required by Item 6 for the five years ended December 31,
1997, appearing in the section titled, "Five-Year Review of Selected
Financial Data," of the 1997 Annual Report to Shareholders is incorporated
herein by reference.
Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results
of Operations
"Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations" of the 1997 Annual Report to Shareholders is incorporated herein
by reference.
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
The consolidated financial statements and notes thereto of the 1997 Annual
Report to Shareholders, together with the report thereon of Price Waterhouse
LLP, dated January 28, 1998, except as to the note, "Subsequent Event," which
is as of February 4, 1998, are incorporated herein by reference.
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and
Financial Disclosure
There were no matters required to be reported under this item.
<PAGE>
Part III
Item 10. Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant
The executive officers of the Company as of December 31, 1997 were as
follows:
1. George A. Sissel, 61, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, since January
1998; Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer, 1996-1998;
President and Chief Executive Officer, 1995-1996; Acting President and
Chief Executive Officer, 1994-1995; Senior Vice President, Corporate
Affairs; Corporate Secretary and General Counsel, 1993-1995; Senior Vice
President, Corporate Secretary and General Counsel, 1987-1993; Vice
President, Corporate Secretary and General Counsel, 1981-1987.
2. R. David Hoover, 52, Vice Chairman and Chief Financial Officer, since
January 1998; Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer,
1997-1998; Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and
Treasurer, 1996-1997; Executive Vice President and Chief Financial
Officer, 1995-1996; Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer,
1992-1995; Vice President and Treasurer, 1988-1992; Assistant Treasurer,
1987-1988; Vice President, Finance and Administration, Technical Products,
1985-1987; Vice President, Finance and Administration, Management Services
Division, 1983-1985.
3. George A. Matsik, 58, President; Chief Operating Officer, Packaging
Operations, since January 1998; Executive Vice President and Chief
Operating Officer, Packaging Operations, 1997-1998; Chief Operating
Officer, Packaging Operations, 1996-1997; President, International
Packaging Operations, 1995-1996.
4. Donald C. Lewis, 55, Vice President, Assistant Corporate Secretary and
General Counsel, since April 1997; General Counsel and Assistant Corporate
Secretary, 1995-1997; Associate General Counsel, 1983-1995; Assistant
General Counsel, 1980-1983; Senior Attorney, 1978-1980; General Attorney,
1974-1978.
5. Albert R. Schlesinger, 56, Vice President and Controller, since January
1987; Assistant Controller, 1976-1986.
6. Raymond J. Seabrook, 47, Vice President, Planning and Control, since April
1996; Vice President and Treasurer, 1992-1996; Senior Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer, Ball Packaging Products Canada, Inc., 1988-1992.
7. Harold L. Sohn, 52, Vice President, Corporate Relations, since March 1993;
Director, Industry Affairs, Packaging Products, 1988-1993.
8. David A. Westerlund, 47, Vice President, Administration, since January
1997; Vice President, Human Resources, 1994-1997; Senior Director,
Corporate Human Resources, July 1994-December 1994; Vice President, Human
Resources and Administration, Ball Glass Container Corporation, 1988-1994;
Vice President, Human Resources, Ball-InCon Glass Packaging Corp.,
1987-1988.
<PAGE>
Other information required by Item 10 appearing under the caption, "Director
Nominees and Continuing Directors," on pages 3 through 5 and under the
caption, "Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance" on page 15
of the Company's proxy statement filed pursuant to Regulation 14A dated March
16, 1998, is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 11. Executive Compensation
The information required by Item 11 appearing under the caption, "Executive
Compensation," on pages 7 through 13 of the Company's proxy statement filed
pursuant to Regulation 14A dated March 16, 1998, is incorporated herein by
reference.
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management
The information required by Item 12 appearing under the caption, "Voting
Securities and Principal Shareholders," on pages 1 and 2 of the Company's
proxy statement filed pursuant to Regulation 14A dated March 16, 1998, is
incorporated herein by reference.
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions
The information required by Item 13 appearing under the caption,
"Relationship with Independent Public Accountants and Certain Other
Relationships and Related Transactions," on page 15 of the Company's proxy
statement filed pursuant to Regulation 14A dated March 16, 1998, is
incorporated herein by reference.
<PAGE>
Part IV
Item 14. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules and Reports on Form 8-K
(a) (1) Financial Statements:
The following documents included in the 1997 Annual Report to
Shareholders are incorporated by reference in Part II, Item 8:
Consolidated statement of income (loss) - Years ended December 31,
1997, 1996 and 1995
Consolidated balance sheet - December 31, 1997 and 1996
Consolidated statement of cash flows - Years ended December 31, 1997,
1996 and 1995
Consolidated statement of changes in shareholders' equity - Years
ended December 31, 1997, 1996 and 1995
Notes to consolidated financial statements
Report of independent accountants
(2) Financial Statement Schedules:
There were no financial statement schedules required under this item.
(3) Exhibits:
See the Index to Exhibits which appears at the end of this document and
which is incorporated by reference herein.
(b) Reports on Form 8-K:
The registrant filed or amended reports on Form 8-K as follows:
A current report on Form 8-K filed February 12, 1998, reporting under
Item 5 an announcement that Ball will move its corporate headquarters
from Muncie to the Denver/Boulder area in Colorado.
<PAGE>
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its
behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
BALL CORPORATION
(Registrant)
By: /s/George A. Sissel
George A. Sissel, Chairman and
Chief Executive Officer
March 31, 1998
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this
report has been signed by the following persons on behalf of the registrant
and in the capacities and on the dates indicated below.
(1) Principal Executive Officer:
Chairman and Chief Executive
/s/George A. Sissel Officer
-------------------------------------
George A. Sissel March 31, 1998
(2) Principal Financial Accounting Officer:
Vice Chairman and Chief
/s/R. David Hoover Financial Officer
-------------------------------------
R. David Hoover March 31, 1998
(3) Controller:
/s/Albert R. Schlesinger Vice President and Controller
-------------------------------------
Albert R. Schlesinger March 31, 1998
(4) A Majority of the Board of Directors:
/s/Frank A. Bracken * Director
-------------------------------------
Frank A. Bracken March 31, 1998
/s/Howard M. Dean * Director
-------------------------------------
Howard M. Dean March 31, 1998
/s/John T. Hackett * Director
-------------------------------------
John T. Hackett March 31, 1998
/s/R. David Hoover * Director
-------------------------------------
R. David Hoover March 31, 1998
/s/John F. Lehman * Director
-------------------------------------
John F. Lehman March 31, 1998
/s/George McFadden * Director
-------------------------------------
George McFadden March 31, 1998
/s/Ruel C. Mercure, Jr. * Director
-------------------------------------
Ruel C. Mercure, Jr. March 31, 1998
<PAGE>
/s/Jan Nicholson * Director
-------------------------------------
Jan Nicholson March 31, 1998
Chairman, Chief Executive
/s/George A. Sissel * Officer and Director
-------------------------------------
George A. Sissel March 31, 1998
/s/William P. Stiritz * Director
-------------------------------------
William P. Stiritz March 31, 1998
*By George A. Sissel as Attorney-in-Fact pursuant to a Limited Power of
Attorney executed by the directors listed above, which Power of Attorney has
been filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
By: /s/George A. Sissel
George A. Sissel
As Attorney-in-Fact
March 31, 1998
<PAGE>
Ball Corporation and Subsidiaries
Annual Report on Form 10-K
For the year ended December 31, 1997
Index to Exhibits
Exhibit
Number Description of Exhibit
------- ---------------------------------------------------------------
3.(i) Amended Articles of Incorporation as of November 26, 1990
(filed by incorporation by reference to the Current Report on
Form 8-K dated November 30, 1990) filed December 13, 1990.
3.(ii) Bylaws of Ball Corporation as amended January 25, 1994 (filed
by incorporation by reference to the Annual Report on Form 10-K
for the year ended December 31, 1993) filed March 29, 1994.
4.1 Ball Corporation and its subsidiaries have no long-term debt
instruments in which the total amount of securities authorized
under any instrument exceeds 10% of the total assets of the
registrant and its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis. Ball
Corporation hereby agrees to furnish a copy of any long-term
debt instruments upon the request of the Commission.
4.2 Dividend distribution payable to shareholders of record on
August 4, 2006, of one preferred stock purchase right for each
outstanding share of common stock under the Rights Agreement
dated as of July 24, 1996, between the Company and The First
Chicago Trust Company of New York (filed by incorporation by
reference to the Form 8-A Registration Statement, No. 1-7349,
dated August 1, 1996, and filed August 2, 1996, and to the
Company's Form 8-K Report dated February 13, 1996, and filed
February 14, 1996).
10.1 1980 Stock Option and Stock Appreciation Rights Plan, as
amended, 1983 Stock Option and Stock Appreciation Rights Plan
(filed by incorporation by reference to the Form S-8
Registration Statement, No. 2-82925) filed April 27, 1983.
10.2 1988 Restricted Stock Plan and 1988 Stock Option and Stock
Appreciation Rights Plan (filed by incorporation by reference
to the Form S-8 Registration Statement, No. 33-21506) filed
April 27, 1988.
10.3 Ball Corporation Deferred Incentive Compensation Plan (filed by
incorporation by reference to the Annual Report on Form 10-K
for the year ended December 31, 1987) filed March 25, 1988.
10.4 Ball Corporation 1986 Deferred Compensation Plan, as amended
July 1, 1994 (filed by incorporation by reference to the
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended July 3,
1994) filed August 17, 1994.
<PAGE>
Exhibit
Number Description of Exhibit
------- ---------------------------------------------------------------
10.5 Ball Corporation 1988 Deferred Compensation Plan, as amended
July 1, 1994 (filed by incorporation by reference to the
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended July 3,
1994) filed August 17, 1994.
10.6 Ball Corporation 1989 Deferred Compensation Plan, as amended
July 1, 1994 (filed by incorporation by reference to the
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended July 3,
1994) filed August 17, 1994.
10.7 Amended and Restated Form of Severance Benefit Agreement which
exists between the Company and its executive officers,
effective as of August 1, 1994 and as amended on January 24,
1996, (filed by incorporation by reference to the Quarterly
Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 1996) filed
May 15, 1996.
10.8 Stock Purchase Agreement dated as of June 29, 1989, between
Ball Corporation and Mellon Bank, N.A. (filed by incorporation
by reference to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the
quarter ended July 2, 1989) filed August 15, 1989.
10.9 Ball Corporation 1986 Deferred Compensation Plan for Directors,
as amended October 27, 1987 (filed by incorporation by
reference to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended
December 31, 1990) filed April 1, 1991.
10.10 1991 Restricted Stock Plan for Nonemployee Directors of Ball
Corporation (filed by incorporation by reference to the Form
S-8
Registration Statement, No. 33-40199) filed April 26, 1991.
10.11 Ball Corporation Economic Value Added Incentive Compensation
Plan dated January 1, 1994 (filed by incorporation by reference
to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December
31, 1994) filed March 29, 1995.
10.12 Ball Corporation 1997 Stock Incentive Plan (filed by
incorporation by reference to the Form S-8 Registration
Statement, No. 333-26361), filed May 1, 1997.
10.13 Agreement and Plan of Merger among Ball Corporation, Ball Sub
Corp. and Heekin Can, Inc. dated as of December 1, 1992, and as
amended as of December 28, 1992 (filed by incorporation by
reference to the Registration Statement on Form S-4, No.
33-58516) filed February 19, 1993.
<PAGE>
Exhibit
Number Description of Exhibit
------- ---------------------------------------------------------------
10.14 Distribution Agreement between Ball Corporation and Alltrista
(filed by incorporation by reference to the Alltrista
Corporation Form 8, Amendment No. 3 to Form 10, No. 0-21052,
dated December 31, 1992) filed March 17, 1993.
10.15 1993 Stock Option Plan (filed by incorporation by reference to
the Form S-8 Registration Statement, No. 33-61986) filed April
30, 1993.
10.16 Retirement Agreement dated June 17, 1994, between Delmont A.
Davis and Ball Corporation (filed by incorporation by reference
to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended July
3, 1994) filed August 17, 1994.
10.17 Ball-InCon Glass Packaging Corp. Deferred Compensation Plan, as
amended July 1, 1994 (filed by incorporation by reference to
the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended July 3,
1994) filed August 17, 1994.
10.18 Retention Agreement dated June 22, 1994, between Donovan B.
Hicks and Ball Corporation (filed by incorporation by reference
to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended
July 3, 1994) filed August 17, 1994.
10.19 Ball Corporation Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan (filed
by incorporation by reference to the Quarterly Report on Form
10-Q for the quarter ended October 2, 1994) filed November 15,
1994.
10.20 Ball Corporation Split Dollar Life Insurance Plan (filed by
incorporation by reference to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q
for the quarter ended October 2, 1994) filed November 15, 1994.
10.21 Ball Corporation Long-Term Cash Incentive Plan, dated October
25, 1994, as amended October 23, 1996 (filed by incorporation
by reference to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the
quarter ended September 29, 1996) filed November 13, 1996.
10.22 Asset Purchase Agreement dated June 26, 1995, among Foster
Ball, L.L.C. (since renamed Ball-Foster Glass Container Co.,
L.L.C.), Ball Glass Container Corporation and Ball Corporation
(filed by incorporation by reference to the Current Report on
Form 8-K dated September 15, 1995) filed September 29, 1995.
10.23 Foster Ball, L.L.C. (since renamed Ball-Foster Glass Container
Co., L.L.C.) Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company
Agreement dated June 26, 1995, among Saint-Gobain Holdings I
Corp., BG Holdings I, Inc. and BG Holdings II, Inc. (filed by
incorporation by reference to the Current Report on Form 8-K
dated September 15, 1995) filed September 29, 1995.
<PAGE>
Exhibit
Number Description of Exhibit
------- ---------------------------------------------------------------
10.24 Part-Time Employment, Retirement and Consulting Services
Agreement between Duane E. Emerson and Ball Corporation dated
January 14, 1997. (Filed herewith.)
10.25 Agreement and General Release between David B. Sheldon and Ball
Corporation dated February 7, 1997. (Filed herewith.)
10.26 Consulting Agreement between The Cygnus Enterprise Development
Corp. (for which Donovan B. Hicks is managing partner) and Ball
Corporation dated January 1, 1997. (Filed herewith.)
10.27 Form of Severance Agreement (Change of Control Agreement) which
exists between the Company and its executive officers (filed by
incorporation by reference to the Annual Report on Form 10-K
for the year ended December 31, 1988) filed March 25, 1989.
11.1 Statement re: Computation of Earnings Per Share (filed by
incorporation by reference to the notes to the consolidated
financial statements, "Earnings Per Share," in the 1997 Annual
Report to Shareholders). (Filed herewith.)
13.1 Ball Corporation 1997 Annual Report to Shareholders (The Annual
Report to Shareholders, except for those portions thereof
incorporated by reference, is furnished for the information of
the Commission and is not to be deemed filed as part of this
Form 10-K.) (Filed herewith.)
18.1 Letter re: Change in Accounting Principles. (filed by
incorporation by reference to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q
for the quarterly period ended July 2, 1995) filed August 15,
1995.
21.1 List of Subsidiaries of Ball Corporation. (Filed herewith.)
23.1 Consent of Independent Accountants. (Filed herewith.)
24.1 Limited Power of Attorney. (Filed herewith.)
27.1 Financial Data Schedule for the year ended December 31, 1997.
(Filed herewith.)
99.1 Specimen Certificate of Common Stock (filed by incorporation by
reference to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended
December 31, 1979) filed March 24, 1980.
99.2 Cautionary statement for purposes of the "safe harbor"
provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of
1995, as amended. (Filed herewith.)
Exhibit 13.1
1997 Annual Report
2
Consolidated Financial Statements
6
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
30
Report of Management on Financial Statements
Report of Independent Accountants
31
Management's Discussion and Analysis
of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
40
Five-Year Review of Selected Financial Data
<PAGE>
Consolidated Statement of Income (Loss)
Ball Corporation and Subsidiaries
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year ended December 31,
------------------------------------------------
(dollars in millions except per share amounts) 1997 1996 1995
------------- ------------- -------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Net sales $2,388.5 $2,184.4 $2,045.8
------------- ------------- -------------
Costs and expenses
Cost of sales 2,121.2 2,007.3 1,836.6
General and administrative expenses 119.2 77.2 83.3
Selling and product development expenses 17.7 16.0 16.2
Dispositions and other (9.0) 21.0 7.1
Interest expense 53.5 33.3 25.7
------------- ------------- -------------
2,302.6 2,154.8 1,968.9
------------- ------------- -------------
Income from continuing operations before taxes on income 85.9 29.6 76.9
Provision for income tax expense (32.0) (7.2) (26.4)
Minority interests 5.1 0.2 (1.6)
Equity in (losses) earnings of affiliates:
EarthWatch - (12.3) (1.3)
All other (0.7) 2.8 4.3
------------- ------------- -------------
Net income (loss) from:
Continuing operations 58.3 13.1 51.9
Discontinued operations - 11.1 (70.5)
------------- ------------- -------------
Net income (loss) 58.3 24.2 (18.6)
Preferred dividends, net of tax benefit (2.8) (2.9) (3.1)
------------- ------------- -------------
Net earnings (loss) attributable to common shareholders $ 55.5 $ 21.3 $ (21.7)
============= ============= =============
Net earnings (loss) per share of common stock:
Continuing operations $ 1.84 $ 0.34 $ 1.63
Discontinued operations - 0.36 (2.35)
------------- ------------- -------------
$ 1.84 $ 0.70 $ (0.72)
============= ============= =============
Diluted earnings (loss) per share:
Continuing operations $ 1.74 $ 0.34 $ 1.54
Discontinued operations - 0.34 (2.18)
------------- ------------- -------------
$ 1.74 $ 0.68 $ (0.64)
============= ============= =============
</TABLE>
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial
statements.
<PAGE>
Consolidated Balance Sheet
Ball Corporation and Subsidiaries
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31,
-------------------------------
(dollars in millions) 1997 1996
------------- -------------
<S> <C> <C>
Assets
Current assets
Cash and temporary investments $ 25.5 $ 169.2
Accounts receivable, net 301.4 245.9
Inventories, net 413.3 302.0
Deferred income tax benefits and prepaid expenses 57.9 49.5
------------- -------------
Total current assets 798.1 766.6
------------- -------------
Property, plant and equipment, at cost
Land 42.5 24.2
Buildings 330.5 264.8
Machinery and equipment 1,183.1 980.5
------------- -------------
1,556.1 1,269.5
Accumulated depreciation (636.6) (570.5)
------------- -------------
919.5 699.0
------------- -------------
Other assets 372.5 235.2
------------- -------------
$2,090.1 $1,700.8
============= =============
Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity
Current liabilities
Short-term debt and current portion of long-term debt $ 407.0 $ 175.2
Accounts payable 258.6 214.3
Salaries, wages and accrued employee benefits 78.3 64.2
Other current liabilities 93.9 57.3
------------- -------------
Total current liabilities 837.8 511.0
------------- -------------
Noncurrent liabilities
Long-term debt 366.1 407.7
Deferred income taxes 60.5 34.7
Employee benefit obligations and other 139.8 136.0
------------- -------------
Total noncurrent liabilities 566.4 578.4
------------- -------------
Contingencies
Minority interests 51.7 7.0
------------- -------------
Shareholders' equity
Series B ESOP Convertible Preferred Stock 59.9 61.7
Unearned compensation - ESOP (37.0) (44.0)
------------- -------------
Preferred shareholder's equity 22.9 17.7
------------- -------------
Common stock (33,759,234 shares issued - 1997;
32,976,708 shares issued - 1996) 336.9 315.2
Retained earnings 379.5 344.5
Treasury stock, at cost (3,539,574 shares - 1997; 2,458,483 shares - 1996) (105.1) (73.0)
------------- -------------
Common shareholders' equity 611.3 586.7
------------- -------------
Total shareholders' equity 634.2 604.4
------------- -------------
$2,090.1 $1,700.8
============= =============
</TABLE>
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial
statements.
<PAGE>
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows
Ball Corporation and Subsidiaries
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year ended December 31,
------------------------------------------------
(dollars in millions) 1997 1996 1995
------------- -------------- -------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Net income from continuing operations $ 58.3 $ 13.1 $ 51.9
Reconciliation of net income from continuing operations
to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization 117.5 93.5 78.7
Dispositions and other (9.0) 21.0 7.1
Deferred taxes on income 17.1 12.4 6.7
Other 2.2 1.6 (1.6)
Working capital changes, excluding effects of acquisitions and dispositions:
Accounts receivable (15.5) (62.4) (27.1)
Inventories (33.4) 3.2 (69.8)
Other current assets (7.5) 15.5 (32.6)
Accounts payable (2.1) 19.0 22.8
Other current liabilities 15.9 (32.6) (3.2)
------------- -------------- -------------
Net cash provided by operating activities 143.5 84.3 32.9
------------- -------------- -------------
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
Additions to property, plant and equipment (97.7) (196.1) (178.9)
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired (202.7) - -
Investments in and advances to affiliates, net (11.2) (27.7) (55.2)
Company-owned life insurance, net 15.6 (10.3) 88.4
Net cash flows from:
Discontinued operations - 188.1 116.7
Proceeds from sale of other businesses, net 31.1 41.3 14.5
Other 14.0 (13.7) 17.8
------------- -------------- -------------
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities (250.9) (18.4) 3.3
------------- -------------- -------------
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Increase in long-term borrowings 2.4 167.6 22.2
Principal payments of long-term debt (76.9) (66.6) (79.9)
Net change in short-term borrowings 72.0 12.9 40.0
Common and preferred dividends (22.9) (22.8) (23.0)
Proceeds from issuance of common stock under
various employee and shareholder plans 21.7 21.4 32.5
Acquisitions of treasury stock (32.1) (10.3) (27.6)
Other (0.5) (4.0) (5.7)
------------- -------------- -------------
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities (36.3) 98.2 (41.5)
------------- -------------- -------------
Net (Decrease) Increase in Cash (143.7) 164.1 (5.3)
Cash and temporary investments at beginning of year 169.2 5.1 10.4
------------- -------------- -------------
Cash and Temporary Investments at End of Year $ 25.5 $169.2 $ 5.1
============= ============== =============
</TABLE>
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial
statements.
<PAGE>
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Shareholders' Equity
Ball Corporation and Subsidiaries
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Number of Shares Year ended December 31,
(in thousands) (dollars in millions)
1997 1996 1995 1997 1996 1995
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Series B ESOP Convertible
Preferred Stock
Balance, beginning of year 1,681 1,787 1,828 $ 61.7 $ 65.6 $ 67.2
Shares retired (46) (106) (41) (1.8) (3.9) (1.6)
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Balance, end of year 1,635 1,681 1,787 $ 59.9 $ 61.7 $ 65.6
========== ========== ========== ========== ========== ==========
Unearned Compensation - ESOP
Balance, beginning of year $(44.0) $(50.4) $(55.3)
Amortization 7.0 6.4 4.9
---------- ---------- ----------
Balance, end of year $(37.0) $(44.0) $(50.4)
========== ========== ==========
Common Stock
Balance, beginning of year 32,977 32,173 31,034 $315.2 $293.8 $261.3
Shares issued for stock options and
other employee and shareholder stock
plans less shares exchanged 782 804 1,139 21.7 21.4 32.5
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Balance, end of year 33,759 32,977 32,173 $336.9 $315.2 $293.8
========== ========== ========== ========== ========== ==========
Retained Earnings
Balance, beginning of year $344.5 $336.4 $378.6
Net income (loss) for the year 58.3 24.2 (18.6)
Common dividends (18.4) (18.1) (18.0)
Preferred dividends,
net of tax benefit (2.8) (2.9) (3.1)
Foreign currency translation adjustment
(2.6) (0.5) (1.4)
Change in additional minimum
pension liability, net of tax 0.5 5.4 (1.1)
---------- ---------- ----------
Balance, end of year $379.5 $344.5 $336.4
========== ========== ==========
Treasury Stock
Balance, beginning of year (2,458) (2,058) (1,167) $ (73.0) $(62.7) $(35.1)
Shares reacquired (1,082) (400) (891) (32.1) (10.3) (27.6)
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Balance, end of year (3,540) (2,458) (2,058) $(105.1) $(73.0) $(62.7)
========== ========== ========== ========== ========== ==========
</TABLE>
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial
statements.
<PAGE>
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Ball Corporation and Subsidiaries
Significant Accounting Policies
Principles of Consolidation and Basis of Presentation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Ball Corporation
and majority-owned subsidiaries (collectively, Ball or the Company). Investments
in 20 percent through 50 percent owned affiliated companies, and majority-owned
affiliates where control is temporary, are included under the equity method
where Ball exercises significant influence over operating and financial affairs.
Otherwise, investments are included at cost. Differences between the carrying
amounts of equity investments and the Company's interest in underlying net
assets are amortized over periods benefited. Significant intercompany
transactions are eliminated. The results of subsidiaries and equity affiliates
in Asia and South America are reflected in the consolidated financial statements
on a one month lag. There were no significant events which occurred subsequent
to November 30, 1997, which were required to be reflected in the accompanying
financial statements. Certain amounts for 1996 and 1995 have been reclassified
to conform to the 1997 presentation.
In October 1996, the Company sold its 42 percent interest in Ball-Foster
Glass Container Co., L.L.C. (Ball-Foster), a company formed in 1995, to
Compagnie de Saint-Gobain (Saint-Gobain). With this sale, Ball no longer
participates in the manufacture or sale of glass containers. Accordingly, the
accompanying consolidated financial statements and notes segregate the financial
effects of the glass business as discontinued operations. See the note,
"Discontinued Operations," for more information regarding this transaction.
Amounts included in the notes to consolidated financial statements pertain to
continuing operations, except where otherwise noted.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted
accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that
affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of
contingencies at the date of the financial statements, and reported amounts of
revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Future events could affect
these estimates.
Foreign Currency Translation
Foreign currency financial statements of foreign operations, where the local
currency is the functional currency, are translated using period-end exchange
rates for assets and liabilities and average exchange rates during each period
for results of operations and cash flows.
Revenue Recognition
Sales and earnings are recognized primarily upon shipment of products, except in
the case of long-term contracts within the aerospace and technologies segment
for which revenue is recognized under the percentage-of-completion method.
Certain of these contracts provide for fixed and incentive fees, which are
recorded as they are earned or when incentive amounts become determinable.
Provision for estimated contract losses, if any, is made in the period that such
losses are determined.
Temporary Investments
Temporary investments are considered cash equivalents if original maturities are
three months or less.
Financial Instruments
Accrual accounting is applied for financial instruments classified as hedges.
Costs of hedging instruments are deferred as a cost adjustment, or deferred and
amortized as a yield adjustment, over the term of the hedging agreement. Gains
and losses on early terminations of derivative financial instruments related to
debt are deferred and amortized as yield adjustments. Deferred gains and losses
related to exchange rate forwards are recognized as cost adjustments of the
related purchase or sale transaction. If a financial instrument no longer
qualifies as an effective hedge, the instrument is recorded at fair market
value.
Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market. The cost for certain U.S.
metal beverage container inventories and substantially all inventories within
the U.S. metal food container business is determined using the last-in,
first-out (LIFO) method of accounting. The cost for remaining inventories is
determined using the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method.
<PAGE>
Depreciation and Amortization
Depreciation is provided on the straight-line method in amounts sufficient to
amortize the cost of the properties over their estimated useful lives (buildings
- - 15 to 40 years; machinery and equipment - 5 to 10 years). Goodwill is
amortized over the periods benefited, 40 years. The Company evaluates long-lived
assets, including goodwill and other intangibles, based on fair values or
undiscounted cash flows whenever significant events or changes in circumstances
occur which indicate the carrying amount may not be recoverable.
Taxes on Income
Deferred income taxes reflect the future tax consequences of differences between
the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their financial reporting amounts at
each balance sheet date, based upon enacted income tax laws and tax rates.
Income tax expense or benefit is provided based on earnings reported in the
financial statements. The provision for income tax expense or benefit differs
from the amounts of income taxes currently payable because certain items of
income and expense included in the consolidated financial statements are
recognized in different time periods by taxing authorities.
Employee Stock Ownership Plan
Ball records the cost of its Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP) using the
shares allocated transitional method under which the annual pretax cost of the
ESOP, including preferred dividends, approximates program funding. Compensation
and interest components of ESOP cost are included in net income; preferred
dividends, net of related tax benefits, are shown as a reduction from net
income. Unearned compensation-ESOP recorded within the accompanying balance
sheet is reduced as the principal of the guaranteed ESOP notes is amortized.
Earnings Per Share
The Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 128,
"Earnings per Share," effective December 31, 1997. Under SFAS No. 128, Ball is
required to present both earnings per common share and diluted earnings per
share amounts. Earnings per common share are computed by dividing the net
earnings (loss) attributable to common shareholders by the weighted average
number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings per share
reflect the potential dilution that could occur if the Series B ESOP Convertible
Preferred Stock (ESOP Preferred) was converted into additional outstanding
common shares and outstanding dilutive stock options were exercised. In the
diluted computation, net earnings (loss) attributable to common shareholders are
adjusted for additional ESOP contributions which would be required if the ESOP
Preferred was converted to common shares and excludes the tax benefit of
deductible common dividends upon the assumed conversion of the ESOP Preferred.
Adoption of the new standard, which requires restatement of previously disclosed
amounts, had no effect on previously disclosed earnings per common share amounts
and had an insignificant effect on previously disclosed diluted earnings per
share amounts.
In 1995, the assumed conversion of the ESOP Preferred and exercise of stock
options resulted in a dilutive effect on continuing operations. Accordingly, the
diluted weighted average share amounts are required to be used for discontinued
operations, resulting in a lower total diluted loss per share than the total
loss per common share.
New Accounting Pronouncements
SFAS No. 130, "Reporting Comprehensive Income," and SFAS No. 131, "Disclosure
about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information," were issued in June
1997 and will be effective for the Company in 1998. SFAS No. 130 requires that
all items that are required to be recognized under accounting standards as
components of comprehensive income be reported in a financial statement that is
displayed with the same prominence as other financial statements. Adoption of
this standard will not affect the presentation of the traditional statement of
income. SFAS No. 131 establishes standards for reporting information about
operating segments in annual financial statements and requires reporting of
selected information about operating segments in interim financial reports
issued to shareholders. It also establishes standards for related disclosures
about products and services, geographic areas and major customers. The Company
is evaluating this standard to determine the impact, if any, on its segment
reporting.
<PAGE>
Business Segment Information
The Company has two business segments: packaging, and aerospace and
technologies.
Packaging
The packaging segment includes the businesses that manufacture metal and PET
(polyethylene terephthalate) containers, primarily for use in beverage and food
packaging. The Company's packaging operations are located in and serve North
America (the U.S. and Canada) and Asia (primarily China). Packaging operations
in Asia have increased as a result of the early 1997 acquisition of a
controlling interest in M.C. Packaging (Hong Kong) Limited (M.C. Packaging). The
results of that business are included within the packaging segment since its
acquisition date. Ball also has investments in packaging companies in Brazil and
Thailand which are accounted for under the equity method, and, accordingly,
those results are not included in segment earnings or assets. See the notes,
"Acquisitions" and "Dispositions and Other," for additional information
regarding these and other transactions affecting segment results.
Aerospace and Technologies
The aerospace and technologies segment includes: the aerospace systems division,
comprised of civil space systems, technology operations, defense systems,
commercial space operations and systems engineering; and the telecommunication
products division, comprised of advanced antenna and video systems and
communication and video products. See the note, "Dispositions and Other," for
information regarding transactions affecting segment results.
Major Customers
Packaging segment sales to PepsiCo, Inc., and affiliates represented
approximately 12 percent of consolidated net sales in 1997 and 1996, and less
than 10 percent of consolidated net sales in 1995. Sales to Anheuser-Busch
Companies, Inc., represented less than 10 percent of consolidated net sales in
1997 and approximately 11 percent and 14 percent of consolidated net sales in
1996 and 1995, respectively. Sales to all bottlers of Pepsi-Cola and Coca-Cola
branded beverages comprised approximately 36 percent of consolidated net sales
in both 1997 and 1996 and 32 percent of consolidated net sales in 1995. Sales to
various U.S. government agencies by the aerospace and technologies segment,
either as a prime contractor or as a subcontractor, represented approximately 14
percent, 15 percent and 13 percent of consolidated net sales in 1997, 1996 and
1995, respectively.
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Summary of Business by Segment
(dollars in millions) 1997 1996 1995
------------- ------------- -------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Net Sales
Packaging $1,989.8 $1,822.1 $1,730.0
Aerospace and technologies 398.7 362.3 315.8
------------- ------------- -------------
Consolidated net sales $2,388.5 $2,184.4 $2,045.8
============= ============= =============
Income
Packaging $ 108.3 $ 57.6 $ 95.6
Dispositions and other (1) (3.0) (21.0) (10.9)
------------- ------------- -------------
Total packaging 105.3 36.6 84.7
------------- ------------- -------------
Aerospace and technologies 34.0 31.4 27.3
Dispositions and other (1) - - 3.8
------------- ------------- -------------
Total aerospace and technologies 34.0 31.4 31.1
------------- ------------- -------------
Consolidated operating earnings 139.3 68.0 115.8
Corporate undistributed expenses, net (11.9) (5.1) (13.2)
Dispositions and other (1) 12.0 - -
------------- ------------- -------------
Total corporate 0.1 (5.1) (13.2)
------------- ------------- -------------
Interest expense (53.5) (33.3) (25.7)
------------- ------------- -------------
Consolidated income from continuing operations before
taxes on income $ 85.9 $ 29.6 $ 76.9
============= ============= =============
Assets Employed in Operations
Packaging $1,729.2 $1,198.7 $1,081.0
Aerospace and technologies 140.6 131.6 125.0
------------- ------------- -------------
Assets employed in operations 1,869.8 1,330.3 1,206.0
Discontinued operations - - 200.8
Investments in affiliates (2) 74.5 80.9 84.5
Corporate (3) 145.8 289.6 122.7
------------- ------------- -------------
Total assets $2,090.1 $1,700.8 $1,614.0
============= ============= =============
Property, Plant and Equipment Additions
Packaging $ 75.7 $ 179.7 $ 163.3
Aerospace and technologies 18.6 15.1 13.9
Corporate 3.4 1.3 1.7
------------- ------------- -------------
Total additions $ 97.7 $ 196.1 $ 178.9
============= ============= =============
Depreciation and Amortization
Packaging $ 101.4 $ 78.9 $ 65.5
Aerospace and technologies 14.3 12.5 10.9
Corporate 1.8 2.1 2.3
------------- ------------- -------------
Total depreciation and amortization $ 117.5 $ 93.5 $ 78.7
============= ============= =============
<FN>
(1) Refer to the note, "Dispositions and Other."
(2) Refer to the note, "Other Assets."
(3) Corporate assets include cash and temporary investments, current deferred
and prepaid income taxes, amounts related to employee benefit plans and
corporate facilities and equipment.
</FN>
</TABLE>
<PAGE>
Financial data segmented by geographic area is provided below.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Summary of Business by Geographic Area
(dollars in millions) U.S. Canada Asia Eliminations Consolidated
------------- ------------- ------------- --------------- ---------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
1997
Net sales
Sales to unaffiliated customers $1,889.0 $267.7 $231.8 $ - $2,388.5
Inter-area sales to affiliates - 0.9 - (0.9) -
------------- ------------- ------------- --------------- ---------------
1,889.0 268.6 231.8 (0.9) 2,388.5
============= ============= ============= =============== ===============
Consolidated operating earnings (1) 122.4 11.1 6.2 (0.4) 139.3
============= ============= ============= =============== ===============
Assets employed in operations $1,049.8 $209.8 $618.8 $(8.6) $1,869.8
============= ============= ============= =============== ===============
1996
Net sales
Sales to unaffiliated customers $1,826.3 $291.2 $66.9 $ - $2,184.4
Inter-area sales to affiliates - 0.5 - (0.5) -
------------- ------------- ------------- --------------- ---------------
1,826.3 291.7 66.9 (0.5) 2,184.4
============= ============= ============= =============== ===============
Consolidated operating earnings (1) 62.0 4.4 3.0 (1.4) 68.0
============= ============= ============= =============== ===============
Assets employed in operations $ 976.5 $217.9 $138.4 $ (2.5) $1,330.3
============= ============= ============= =============== ===============
1995
Net sales
Sales to unaffiliated customers $1,685.7 $304.0 $ 56.1 $ - $2,045.8
Inter-area sales to affiliates - 0.3 - (0.3) -
------------- ------------- ------------- --------------- ---------------
1,685.7 304.3 56.1 (0.3) 2,045.8
============= ============= ============= =============== ===============
Consolidated operating earnings (1) 92.1 19.1 4.7 (0.1) 115.8
============= ============= ============= =============== ===============
Assets employed in operations $ 951.1 $198.2 $ 60.4 $ (3.7) $1,206.0
============= ============= ============= =============== ===============
<FN>
(1) Refer to the note, "Dispositions and Other."
</FN>
</TABLE>
Acquisitions
M.C. Packaging (Hong Kong) Limited
In early 1997, Ball, through its majority-owned subsidiary, FTB Packaging
Limited (FTB Packaging), acquired approximately 75 percent of M.C. Packaging
(Hong Kong) Limited (M.C. Packaging), previously held by Lam Soon (Hong Kong)
Limited and the general public for a total purchase price of approximately $179
million. M.C. Packaging produces two-piece aluminum beverage containers,
three-piece steel beverage and food containers, aerosol cans, plastic packaging,
metal crowns and printed and coated metal.
The acquisition has been accounted for as a purchase, with M.C. Packaging's
results included in the Company's consolidated financial statements effective
with the acquisition. The preliminary purchase price allocation included
provisions for costs incurred in 1997, or expected to be incurred, for
severance, relocation and other restructuring activities of approximately $7.3
million. In 1997, approximately $1.9 million was charged against these reserves,
primarily related to employee termination costs. To the extent that the actual
costs to complete these activities are different from the estimated amounts
provided, the change will be reflected as an adjustment to goodwill. The excess
of the purchase price over the net book value of assets acquired and liabilities
assumed has been preliminarily assigned to long-term assets, including goodwill
of $122.3 million, and is being amortized to expense over the periods benefited.
<PAGE>
Following is a summary of the net assets acquired:
(dollars in millions)
Total assets, including cash of $18.8 million $487.3
Less liabilities assumed:
Current liabilities (other than debt) 63.3
Total debt 198.0
Other long-term liabilities and minority interests 47.2
-------------
Net assets acquired $178.8
=============
The following table illustrates the effects of the acquisition on a pro
forma basis for the year ended 1996 as though it had occurred at January 1,
1996.
(dollars in millions except per share amounts) 1996 (2)
---------------
Net sales $ 2,366.4
Net income 1.1
Net loss attributable to common shareholders (1.8)
Loss per common share (1) (0.06)
(1) The effect of assuming conversion of the ESOP Preferred shares would be
anti-dilutive. Accordingly, the diluted loss per share is the same as the
loss per common share.
(2) All amounts reflect continuing operations only.
The unaudited pro forma financial information is provided for informational
purposes only and does not purport to be indicative of the future results or
what the results of operations would have been had the acquisition been effected
on January 1, 1996. In addition to increased interest expense related to
incremental borrowings used to finance the acquisition and the amortization of
goodwill, pro forma results include charges of $6.2 million after taxes and
minority interests, or 20 cents per share, in connection with preacquisition
inventory, accounts receivable and other items which management believes to be
at abnormally high levels not anticipated in the future.
PET Container Assets
In the third quarter of 1997, the Company acquired certain PET container assets
for a purchase price of approximately $42.7 million from Brunswick Container
Corporation (Brunswick), including goodwill and other intangible assets of
approximately $28.3 million. In connection with the acquisition, the Company
began operating a new plant in Delran, New Jersey, to supply a large East Coast
bottler of soft drinks and other customers, and closed small manufacturing
facilities in Pennsylvania and Virginia. See the note, "Dispositions and Other,"
for additional information regarding these plant closures.
<PAGE>
Dispositions and Other
The following table summarizes the gains and losses in connection with
dispositions and other charges included in the consolidated statement of income
(loss) during the three years ended December 31, 1997.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(dollars in millions except per share amounts) Earnings (Loss)
Pretax After tax per
Gain (Loss) Gain (Loss) Common Share
--------------- --------------- -------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
1997 Items
Sale of investment in Datum $ 11.7 $ 7.1 $ 0.23
Plant closing (3.0) (1.8) (0.06)
Disposition and write-down of equity investments 0.3 (0.3) (0.01)
--------------- --------------- -------------------
$ 9.0 $ 5.0 $ 0.16
=============== =============== ===================
1996 Items
Sale of U.S. aerosol business $ (3.3) $ (4.4) $(0.14)
Plant closings and other (17.7) (11.0) (0.37)
Write-down of investment in EarthWatch (1) - (9.3) (0.31)
--------------- --------------- -------------------
$(21.0) $(24.7) $(0.82)
=============== =============== ===================
1995 Items
Gain on sale of Efratom business $ 11.8 $7.7 $ 0.25
Disposition of imaging business (8.0) (4.9) (0.16)
Plant closings and other (10.9) (6.6) (0.22)
--------------- --------------- -------------------
$ (7.1) $ (3.8) $(0.13)
=============== =============== ===================
<FN>
(1) Reflected in "equity in (losses) earnings of affiliates" in the
accompanying consolidated statement of income (loss).
</FN>
</TABLE>
1997 Items
In the first half of 1997, the Company sold its interest in the common stock of
Datum Inc. (Datum), for approximately $26.2 million, recording a pretax gain of
$11.7 million. Ball acquired its interest in Datum in connection with the 1995
disposition of its Efratom time and frequency measurement devices business (see
1995 items). The Company owned approximately 32 percent of Datum. Ball's share
of Datum's earnings under the equity method of accounting were $0.5 million and
$0.3 million in 1997 and 1995, respectively, and a loss of $0.2 million in 1996.
In the second quarter of 1997, the Company recorded a pretax charge of $3.0
million to close a small PET container manufacturing plant in connection with
the acquisition of certain PET container manufacturing assets. Operations ceased
during that quarter. A second plant, acquired from Brunswick, was closed in
early 1998.
In the fourth quarter of 1997, Ball disposed of or wrote down to estimated
net realizable value certain equity investments, resulting in a net pretax gain
of $0.3 million. The Company's equity in the net earnings of these affiliates
was not significant in 1997, 1996 and 1995.
1996 Items
In the fourth quarter of 1996, Ball sold its U.S. aerosol container
manufacturing business, with net assets of approximately $47.5 million,
including $6.0 million of goodwill, for $44.3 million, comprised of cash and a
$3.0 million note, recording a pretax loss of $3.3 million.
In late 1996, the Company closed a metal food container manufacturing
facility and discontinued the manufacture of metal beverage containers at
another facility. Ball recorded a pretax charge of $14.9 million consisting of
$9.4 million to write down assets to net realizable value and $5.5 million for
employee termination costs, benefits and other direct costs. In addition, in the
first quarter of 1996, Ball recorded a charge of $2.8 million for employee
termination costs, primarily related to the metal packaging business.
Curtailment activities were substantially completed during 1997.
In 1994, the Company formed EarthWatch, Incorporated (EarthWatch), and in
1995 acquired WorldView, Inc., to commercialize certain proprietary technologies
by serving the market for satellite-based remote sensing images of the Earth.
Through December 31, 1995, the Company invested approximately $21 million in
EarthWatch. As of December 31, 1996, EarthWatch had experienced extended product
development and deployment delays and expected to incur significant product
development losses into the future, exceeding Ball's investment. Although Ball
was a 49 percent equity owner of EarthWatch at year end 1996, and had contracted
to design satellites for that company, the remaining carrying value of the
investment was written to zero. Accordingly, Ball recorded a pretax charge of
$15.0 million ($9.3 million after tax or 31 cents per share), in the fourth
quarter of 1996 which is reflected as a part of equity in losses of affiliates.
EarthWatch continued to incur losses throughout 1997. Ball has no commitments to
provide further equity or debt financing to EarthWatch beyond its investment to
date. Subject to certain conditions, Ball has agreed to produce satellites for
Earth Watch. At year end 1997, Ball owned approximately 48 percent of the voting
stock in EarthWatch.
1995 Items
During 1994, the Company concluded a study which explored strategic alternatives
for the aerospace and technologies business. A decision was made to retain the
core aerospace and technologies business, but to sell its Efratom business.
Efratom was sold in March 1995 to Datum for cash of $15.0 million and
approximately 1.3 million shares, or approximately 32 percent, of Datum common
stock with a market value at the date of the sale of $14.0 million. Ball
recorded a pretax gain of $11.8 million in connection with this sale.
In late 1995, the metal packaging business recorded a pretax charge of
$10.9 million as a result of the curtailment of certain manufacturing capacity
and write-down of certain unproductive manufacturing equipment to net realizable
value. The charge included $7.5 million for asset write-downs to net realizable
value and $3.4 million for employment termination costs, benefits and other
direct costs. Curtailment activities were substantially completed during 1996.
In addition, a charge of $8.0 million was recorded in 1995 for costs
associated with the 1993 decision to exit the visual image generating systems
business. All significant business activities associated with the exit were
completed in early 1997.
Subsequent Event
On February 4, 1998, Ball announced that it would relocate its corporate
headquarters to an existing company-owned building in Broomfield, Colorado. In
connection with the relocation, the Company expects to record in 1998 a charge
estimated to be approximately $20 million pretax, primarily for employee related
costs and the write-down of certain assets to net realizable values. This move
is expected to be largely completed by the end of 1998.
Discontinued Operations
In September 1995, the Company sold substantially all of the assets of Ball
Glass Container Corporation (Ball Glass), a wholly owned subsidiary of Ball, to
Ball-Foster for approximately $323 million in cash. Concurrent with this
transaction, the Company acquired a 42 percent interest in Ball-Foster for
$180.6 million. The remaining 58 percent interest was acquired for $249.4
million by Saint-Gobain. Ball-Foster also acquired substantially all of the
assets of Foster-Forbes, a unit of American National Can Company.
In October 1996, the Company sold its interest in Ball-Foster to
Saint-Gobain for $190 million in cash and received an additional $15 million in
cash in final settlement of the 1995 transaction. With the October 1996 sale,
Ball no longer participates in the glass business.
The following table provides summary income statement data related to the
discontinued glass business:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year ended December 31,
-------------------------------
(dollars in millions) 1996 1995
------------- -------------
<S> <C> <C>
Net sales $ - $545.9
------------- -------------
Earnings attributable to previously consolidated Ball Glass operations before
interest and taxes on income, excluding
loss on sale $ - $ 30.5
Pretax gain (loss) on sale of Ball-Foster / Ball Glass 24.1 (111.1)
Ball's share of Ball-Foster's net loss (7.6) (2.3)
Adjustment of provisions to currently estimated requirements 11.0 -
Allocated interest expense (5.5) (12.1)
Provision for income tax (expense) benefit (10.9) 27.5
Minority interest - (3.0)
------------- -------------
Net income (loss) attributable to the glass business $ 11.1 $(70.5)
============= =============
</TABLE>
Interest expense allocated to the glass business was based on the average
net assets of the glass business and Ball's weighted average interest rate for
general borrowings. Debt specifically identified with the Company's other
operations was excluded in determining the weighted average interest rate. The
net loss attributable to discontinued operations in 1995 included allocated
general and administrative expenses directly related to the glass business of
approximately $5.7 million.
Accounts Receivable
Accounts receivable are net of an allowance for doubtful accounts of $12.2
million and $5.1 million at December 31, 1997 and 1996, respectively.
Sale of Trade Accounts Receivable
In December 1997, Ball Capital Corp., a wholly owned subsidiary of Ball, entered
into a receivables sale agreement which provides for the ongoing, revolving sale
of up to $75.0 million of a designated pool of trade accounts receivable of
Ball's domestic packaging businesses. The current agreement expires in December
1998. Accounts receivable sold under this agreement and a similar agreement in
the prior year totaled $65.9 million and $66.5 million at December 31, 1997 and
1996, respectively. Fees incurred in connection with the sale of accounts
receivable in 1997, 1996 and 1995, and which are included in general and
administrative expenses, totaled $4.0 million, $3.7 million and $4.3 million,
respectively.
Accounts Receivable in Connection with Long-Term Contracts
Net accounts receivable under long-term contracts, due primarily from agencies
of the U.S. government, were $63.7 million and $60.4 million at December 31,
1997 and 1996, respectively, and include unbilled amounts representing revenue
earned but not yet billable of $28.0 million and $15.4 million, respectively.
Approximately $9.3 million of unbilled receivables at December 31, 1997, is
expected to be collected after one year.
Inventories
Inventories at December 31 consisted of the following:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(dollars in millions) 1997 1996
------------- -------------
<S> <C> <C>
Raw materials and supplies $184.9 $ 95.7
Work in process and finished goods 228.4 206.3
------------- -------------
$413.3 $302.0
============= =============
</TABLE>
Approximately 67 percent of total U.S. product inventories at December 31,
1997 and 1996, were valued using LIFO accounting. Inventories at December 31,
1997 and 1996, would have been $9.9 million and $10.1 million higher,
respectively, than the reported amounts if the FIFO method, which approximates
replacement cost, had been used for all inventories.
Other Assets
The composition of other assets at December 31 was as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(dollars in millions) 1997 1996
------------ -------------
<S> <C> <C>
Investments in affiliates
Packaging affiliates $ 74.5 $ 66.8
Datum Inc. - 14.1
------------ -------------
Total investments in affiliates 74.5 80.9
Goodwill, net (1) 194.8 59.5
Net cash surrender value of company-owned life insurance 24.6 32.5
Other 78.6 62.3
------------ -------------
$372.5 $235.2
============ =============
<FN>
(1) Net of accumulated amortization of $20.6 million and $16.3 million at
December 31, 1997 and 1996, respectively.
</FN>
</TABLE>
<PAGE>
Company-Owned Life Insurance
The Company has purchased insurance on the lives of certain employees. Premiums
were approximately $6 million in each of 1997 and 1996 and $20 million in 1995.
Amounts in the consolidated statement of cash flows represent net cash flows
from this program, including policy loans of approximately $10 million in each
of 1997 and 1996 and $113 million in 1995, and partial withdrawals of
approximately $22 million in 1997. Legislation enacted in 1996 limits the amount
of interest on policy loans which can be deducted for federal income tax
purposes. The limits affect insurance programs initiated after June 1986, and
phase-in over a three-year period. As a result of the new legislation, the
Company was unable to deduct certain amounts of its policy loan interest in
1996, resulting in higher income tax expense of approximately $1.5 million (five
cents per share). As a result of actions taken by Ball in 1996, the new
legislation did not have a significant impact on 1997 results.
Debt and Interest Costs
Short-term debt at December 31 consisted of the following:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1997 1996
------------------------------ ------------------------------
Weighted Weighted
Average Average
(dollars in millions) Outstanding Rate (1) Outstanding Rate (1)
-------------- ----------- -------------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
U.S. bank facilities $85.5 5.8% $ - 5.5%
Canadian dollar commercial paper 40.9 3.4% 57.6 4.5%
Asian bank facilities (2) 181.9 7.0% 58.7 7.2%
-------------- --------------
$308.3 $116.3
============== ==============
<FN>
(1) Represents the weighted average interest rate on short-term borrowings for
the year.
(2) Facilities for FTB Packaging and affiliates in U.S. ($130.2 million at year
end 1997) and Asian currencies. Borrowings are without recourse to Ball
Corporation.
</FN>
</TABLE>
Long-term debt at December 31 consisted of the following:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(dollars in millions) 1997 1996
------------- -------------
<S> <C> <C>
Notes Payable
Private placements:
6.29% to 6.82% serial installment notes (6.71% weighted average)
due through 2008 $147.1 $150.0
8.09% to 8.75% serial installment notes (8.54% weighted average)
due through 2012 90.6 101.4
8.20% to 8.57% serial notes (8.36% weighted average)
due 1999 through 2000 60.0 60.0
10.00% serial note due 1998 20.0 35.0
9.66% serial note due 1998 (1) - 20.0
Floating rate notes (6.56% to 7.63% at year end 1997) due
through 2002 (2) 75.1 18.0
Industrial Development Revenue Bonds
Floating rates (2.5% to 4.3% at year end 1997) due through 2011 31.5 32.2
Other 3.5 6.0
ESOP Debt Guarantee
8.38% installment notes due through 1999 11.9 18.9
8.75% installment note due 1999 through 2001 25.1 25.1
------------- -------------
464.8 466.6
Less:
Current portion of long-term debt 98.7 58.9
------------- -------------
$366.1 $407.7
============= =============
<FN>
(1) This note was prepaid without penalty in 1997.
(2) U.S. dollar denominated notes issued by FTB Packaging and affiliates.
</FN>
</TABLE>
<PAGE>
In the U.S., Ball had committed revolving credit agreements at December 31,
1997, totaling $280 million consisting of a five-year facility expiring July
2002 for $150 million and 364-day facilities for $130 million. The revolving
credit agreements provide for various borrowing rates, including borrowing rates
based on the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR). The Canadian dollar
commercial paper facility provides for committed short-term funds of
approximately $84 million. The Company also has short-term uncommitted credit
facilities in the U.S. of approximately $326 million, and, in Asia, FTB
Packaging, including M.C. Packaging, had short-term uncommitted credit
facilities of approximately $250 million at December 31, 1997. Ball pays a
facility fee on the committed facilities.
In January 1996, the Company issued long-term, senior, unsecured notes to
several insurance companies for $150 million with a weighted average interest
rate of 6.71 percent and maturities from 1997 through 2008. Fixed-term debt in
China at year end 1997 included approximately $57.2 million of floating rate
notes issued by M.C. Packaging and its consolidated affiliates, and a floating
rate note issued by FTB Packaging's Beijing affiliate. Maturities of all fixed
long-term debt obligations outstanding at December 31, 1997, are $62.8 million,
$59.2 million, $35.2 million and $19.5 million for the years ending December 31,
1999 through 2002, respectively.
FTB Packaging issues letters of credit in the ordinary course of business
in connection with supplier arrangements and provides guarantees to secure bank
financing for its affiliates. At year end, FTB Packaging, including M.C.
Packaging, had outstanding letters of credit and guarantees of unconsolidated
affiliate debt of approximately $14.1 million. Ball also issues letters of
credit in the ordinary course of business to secure liabilities recorded in
connection with the Company's deferred compensation program, industrial
development revenue bonds and insurance arrangements, of which $72.5 million
were outstanding at December 31, 1997. Ball Corporation also has provided a
completion guarantee representing 50 percent of the $54 million of debt issued
by the Company's Brazilian joint venture to fund the construction of the
facilities. ESOP debt represents borrowings by the trust for the Ball-sponsored
ESOP which have been irrevocably guaranteed by the Company.
The U.S. note agreements, bank credit agreement, ESOP debt guarantee and
industrial development revenue bond agreements contain certain restrictions
relating to dividends, investments, guarantees and other borrowings. Under the
most restrictive covenant, approximately $166 million was available for payment
of dividends and purchases of treasury stock at December 31, 1997.
The Company was not in default of any loan agreement at December 31, 1997,
and has met all payment obligations. M.C. Packaging was, however, in
noncompliance with certain financial ratio provisions, including interest
coverage and current ratio, under a fixed term loan agreement of which $37.5
million was outstanding at year end. The lender granted M.C. Packaging an
unspecified period to present a revised, comprehensive financing structure for
its business. Management believes that M.C. Packaging has made significant
progress towards concluding an alternative, longer term financing arrangement
satisfactory to all parties and that although such an arrangement has
substantially been concluded, a definitive agreement has not yet been executed.
Management also believes that existing credit resources will be adequate to meet
foreseeable financing requirements. Ball Corporation does not guarantee any debt
obligations of M.C. Packaging.
A summary of total interest cost paid and accrued follows:
(dollars in millions) 1997 1996 1995
------------- ------------- -------------
Interest costs $57.9 $39.9 $29.2
Amounts capitalized (4.4) (6.6) (3.5)
------------- ------------- -------------
Interest expense 53.5 33.3 25.7
============= ============= =============
Interest paid during year (1) $53.9 $37.3 $42.6
============= ============= =============
(1) Includes $5.5 million and $12.1 million for 1996 and 1995, respectively,
allocated to discontinued operations.
Financial and Derivative Instruments and Risk Management
The Company is subject to various risks and uncertainties due to the competitive
nature of the industries in which Ball participates, its operations in
developing markets outside the U.S., changing commodity prices and changing
capital markets.
Policies and Procedures
In the ordinary course of business, the Company employs established risk
management policies and procedures to reduce its exposure to commodity price
changes, changes in interest rates and fluctuations in foreign currencies. The
Company's objective in managing its exposure to commodity price changes is to
limit the impact of commodity price changes on earnings and cash flow through
arrangements with suppliers and, at times, through the use of certain derivative
instruments designated as hedges. The Company's objective in managing its
exposure to interest rate changes is to limit the impact of interest rate
changes on earnings and cash flow and to lower its overall borrowing costs. To
achieve these objectives, the Company primarily uses interest rate swaps and
options to manage the Company's mix of floating and fixed-rate debt. The
Company's objective in managing its exposure to foreign currency fluctuations is
to reduce cash flow and earnings volatility associated with foreign exchange
rate changes. The Company generally does not use derivative instruments for
trading purposes.
Interest Rate Risk
Interest rate instruments held by the Company at December 31, 1997 and 1996,
included pay-floating and pay-fixed swaps and swaption contracts. Pay-fixed
swaps effectively convert floating rate obligations to fixed rate instruments.
Pay-floating swaps effectively convert fixed-rate obligations to variable rate
instruments. The differential exchanged with counter parties between fixed rate
and floating rate interest amounts are recorded as an adjustment to interest
expense. Gains or losses arising from the termination of interest rate swaps,
which have not been significant, are deferred and amortized over the original
contract terms. If an interest rate swap would no longer qualify as an effective
hedge, Ball records the instrument at fair market value and the financial impact
is reflected in earnings. Swap agreements expire in one to eight years.
Interest rate swap agreements outstanding at December 31, 1997, had
notional amounts of $145 million at a floating rate and $326 million at a fixed
rate, or a net fixed-rate position of $181 million. At December 31, 1996, these
agreements had notional amounts of $110 million at a floating rate and $81
million at fixed rate, or a net floating-rate position of $29 million. Floating
rate agreements with notional amounts of $55 million and $50 million at December
31, 1997 and 1996, included an interest rate floor.
The related notional amounts of interest rate swaps and options serve as
the basis for computing the cash flow under these agreements but do not
represent the Company's exposure through its use of these instruments. Although
these instruments involve varying degrees of credit and interest risk, the
counter parties to the agreements involve financial institutions which are
expected to perform fully under the terms of the agreements.
The fair value of all non-derivative financial instruments approximates
their carrying amounts with the exception of long-term debt. Rates currently
available to the Company for loans with similar terms and maturities are used to
estimate the fair value of long-term debt based on discounted cash flows. The
fair value of derivatives generally reflects the estimated amounts that Ball
would pay or receive upon termination of the contracts at December 31, 1997 and
1996, taking into account any unrealized gains or losses on open contracts.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1997 1996
--------------------------- ----------------------------
Carrying Fair Carrying Fair
(dollars in millions) Amount Value Amount Value
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Long-term debt $464.8 $484.2 $466.6 $463.5
Unrealized net loss on derivative
contracts relating to debt - 1.2 - 1.9
</TABLE>
Exchange Rate Risk
In 1997, the Company recognized its share of exchange losses, comprised
primarily of the unrealized loss attributable to approximately $23 million of
U.S. dollar denominated debt held by its 40 percent equity affiliate in
Thailand. The charge of $3.2 million, or 11 cents per share, resulted from a
change in monetary policy by the government of Thailand in early July 1997, to
no longer peg the Thai baht to the U.S. dollar. Through November 30, 1997, the
Thai baht depreciated significantly versus the U.S. dollar, and continues to be
volatile. The Company also has U.S. dollar denominated debt in China
(approximately $205 million included in Ball's consolidated balance sheet and
approximately $45 million issued by equity affiliates at year end). The
Company's 50 percent owned affiliate in Brazil had approximately $72 million of
U.S. dollar denominated debt at year end. In addition, Ball has other U.S.
dollar denominated assets and liabilities outside the U.S. which are subject to
exchange rate fluctuations.
Leases
The Company leases warehousing and manufacturing space and certain manufacturing
equipment, primarily within the packaging segment, and office space, primarily
within its aerospace and technologies business. Under certain of these lease
arrangements, Ball has the option to purchase the leased facilities and
equipment for a total purchase price at the end of the lease term of
approximately $96.3 million. If the Company elects not to purchase the
equipment, and does not enter into a new lease arrangement, Ball has guaranteed
the lessors a minimum residual value of approximately $77.2 million, and may
incur other incremental costs to discontinue or relocate the business activities
associated with these leased assets. These agreements contain certain
restrictions relating to dividends, investments and borrowings consistent with
the Company's bank credit agreements. Total noncancellable operating leases in
effect at December 31, 1997, require rental payments of $29.2 million, $25.8
million, $20.9 million, $15.3 million and $2.7 million for the years 1998
through 2002, respectively, and $15.4 million for all years thereafter. Lease
expense for all operating leases was $34.7 million, $28.9 million and $18.1
million in 1997, 1996 and 1995, respectively.
<PAGE>
Taxes on Income
The amounts of income from continuing operations before income taxes by national
jurisdiction follow:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(dollars in millions) 1997 1996 1995
------------- ------------- -------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Domestic $82.4 $17.9 $60.6
Foreign 3.5 11.7 16.3
------------- ------------- -------------
$85.9 $29.6 $76.9
============= ============= =============
The provision for income tax expense (benefit) for continuing operations was
comprised as follows:
(dollars in millions) 1997 1996 1995
------------- ------------- -------------
Current
U.S. $9.3 $ (7.2) $ 13.1
State and local 2.2 - 4.4
Foreign 3.4 2.0 2.2
------------- ------------- -------------
Total current 14.9 (5.2) 19.7
------------- ------------- -------------
Deferred
U.S. 10.6 8.4 3.2
State and local 2.2 1.3 (0.3)
Foreign 4.3 2.7 3.8
------------- ------------- -------------
Total deferred 17.1 12.4 6.7
------------- ------------- -------------
Provision for income tax expense $32.0 $ 7.2 $ 26.4
============= ============= =============
</TABLE>
The provision for income tax expense recorded within the consolidated
statement of income (loss) differs from the amount of income tax expense
determined by applying the U.S. statutory federal income tax rate to pretax
income from continuing operations as a result of the following:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(dollars in millions) 1997 1996 1995
------------- ------------- -------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Statutory U.S. federal income tax $30.1 $ 10.3 $ 26.9
Increase (decrease) due to:
Company-owned life insurance (6.2) (6.0) (5.4)
Research and development tax credit (2.5) (6.0) -
Tax effects of foreign operations 8.0 4.7 2.7
Basis difference on sale of assets 0.4 2.1 -
State and local income taxes, net 2.9 0.9 2.3
Other, net (0.7) 1.2 (0.1)
------------- ------------- -------------
Provision for income tax expense $ 32.0 $ 7.2 $ 26.4
============= ============= =============
Effective income tax rate expressed as a percentage of
pretax income from continuing operations 37.2% 24.3% 34.4%
============= ============= =============
</TABLE>
In connection with a routine examination of its federal income tax return,
the Internal Revenue Service concurred with the Company's position on
recognition of research and development tax credits. As a result, the Company
received a refund in 1996 of a portion of prior years' tax payments. In 1997,
the Company settled tax credit matters for years 1991 and 1992, and recorded an
additional credit.
Provision is not made for additional U.S. or foreign taxes on undistributed
earnings of controlled foreign corporations where such earnings will continue to
be reinvested. It is not practicable to estimate the additional taxes, including
applicable foreign withholding taxes, that might become payable upon the
eventual remittance of the foreign earnings for which no provision has been
made.
<PAGE>
The significant components of deferred tax (assets) liabilities at December 31
were:
(dollars in millions) 1997 1996
------------- -------------
Deferred tax assets:
Deferred compensation $(21.8) $ (21.4)
Accrued employee benefits (34.8) (36.0)
Estimated plant closure costs (7.8) (9.7)
Other (37.4) (39.5)
------------- -------------
Total deferred tax assets (101.8) (106.6)
------------- -------------
Deferred tax liabilities:
Depreciation 99.8 90.9
Other 27.3 19.4
------------- -------------
Total deferred tax liabilities 127.1 110.3
------------- -------------
Net deferred tax liabilities $ 25.3 $ 3.7
============= =============
Net income tax payments were $4.2 million and $26.5 million for 1997 and
1995, respectively. In 1996, net income taxes refunded were $14.2 million.
Pension Benefits
The Company's noncontributory pension plans cover substantially all U.S. and
Canadian employees meeting certain eligibility requirements. The defined benefit
plans for salaried employees provide pension benefits based on employee
compensation and years of service. In addition, the plan covering salaried
employees in Canada includes a defined contribution feature. Plans for hourly
employees provide benefits based on fixed rates for each year of service. Ball's
policy is to fund the plans on a current basis to the extent deductible under
existing tax laws and regulations and in amounts sufficient to satisfy statutory
funding requirements. Plan assets consist primarily of common stocks and fixed
income securities.
The funded status of the plans at December 31 follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1997 1996
-------------------------------- --------------------------------
Assets ABO Assets ABO Exceeded
Exceeded ABO Exceeded Exceeded ABO Assets
(dollars in millions) Assets
-------------- ------------- -------------- --------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Vested benefit obligation $226.3 $ 73.1 $187.0 $ 85.8
Nonvested benefit obligation 4.8 5.2 4.3 9.1
-------------- ------------- -------------- --------------
Accumulated benefit obligation (ABO) 231.1 78.3 191.3 94.9
Effect of projected future compensation 26.4 0.8 22.0 0.5
-------------- ------------- -------------- --------------
Projected benefit obligation (PBO) 257.5 79.1 213.3 95.4
-------------- ------------- -------------- --------------
Plan assets at fair value 294.9 69.4 238.7 79.8
-------------- ------------- -------------- --------------
Plan assets in excess of (less than) PBO 37.4 (9.7) 25.4 (15.6)
Unrecognized transitional asset (9.8) (0.2) (12.7) (0.7)
Unrecognized prior service cost 1.0 6.1 0.8 5.2
Unrecognized net loss (gain) 8.8 (1.9) 16.7 4.8
Additional minimum pension liability - (4.9) - (8.9)
-------------- ------------- -------------- --------------
Prepaid (accrued) pension cost $ 37.4 $(10.6) $ 30.2 $(15.2)
============== ============= ============== ==============
Actuarial assumptions used for plan calculations were:
Discount rate 7.50% 7.50% 8.00-8.25% 8.00-8.25%
Assumed rate of increase in future compensation 4.0% 6.0% 4.0% 6.0%
Expected long-term rates of return on assets 10.25-11.00% 10.25-10.50% 10.25-11.00% 10.25-10.50%
</TABLE>
The higher discount rate in 1996 pertains to Ball's Canadian pension plans.
The additional minimum liability was partially offset by an intangible asset of
approximately $2.0 million and $5.1 million in 1997 and 1996, respectively. The
remainder, net of tax benefits, was recognized as a component of shareholders'
equity.
The cost of pension benefits, including prior service cost, is recognized
over the estimated service periods of employees, based upon respective pension
plan benefit provisions. The composition of pension expense, excluding
curtailments and settlements, follows:
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(dollars in millions) 1997 1996 1995
------------- ------------- -------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Service cost $ 8.3 $ 7.9 $ 9.5
Interest cost on the PBO 24.1 27.4 31.5
Investment return on plan assets (61.7) (35.4) (77.6)
Net amortization and deferral 27.8 1.7 42.3
------------- ------------- -------------
Net periodic pension (credit) expense (1.5) 1.6 5.7
Less net periodic pension expense of the glass business - - (5.4)
------------- ------------- -------------
Net periodic pension (credit) expense
of continuing operations (1.5) 1.6 0.3
Expense of defined contribution pension plans 0.6 0.7 0.8
------------- ------------- -------------
Total pension (credit) expense of continuing operations $ (0.9) $ 2.3 $ 1.1
============= ============= =============
</TABLE>
Settlement and curtailment costs in 1996 included a pretax gain of $1.9
million in connection with the settlement of hourly glass pension liabilities
with Ball-Foster, recorded as a part of discontinued operations, and a pretax
loss of $3.3 million recorded in connection with the sale of the aerosol
business. In 1995, a net curtailment loss of $18.6 million was included as part
of the net loss on the 1995 Ball Glass transaction.
Other Postretirement and Postemployment Benefits
The Company sponsors various defined benefit and defined contribution
postretirement health care and life insurance plans for substantially all U.S.
and Canadian employees. Employees may also qualify for long-term disability,
medical and life insurance continuation and other postemployment benefits upon
termination of active employment prior to retirement. All of the Ball-sponsored
plans are unfunded and, with the exception of life insurance benefits, are
self-insured.
Postretirement Medical and Life Insurance Benefits
Postretirement health care benefits are provided to substantially all of Ball's
U.S. and Canadian employees. In Canada, the Company provides supplemental
medical and other benefits in conjunction with Canadian Provincial health care
plans. Most U.S. salaried employees who retired prior to 1993 are covered by
noncontributory defined benefit medical plans with capped lifetime benefits.
Ball provides a fixed subsidy toward each retiree's future purchase of medical
insurance for U.S. salaried and substantially all nonunion hourly employees
retiring after January 1, 1993. Life insurance benefits are noncontributory.
Ball has no commitments to increase benefits provided by any of the
postretirement benefit plans.
The status of the Company's unfunded postretirement benefit obligation at
December 31 follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1997 1996
-------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------
(dollars in millions) U.S. Canadian Total U.S. Canadian Total
---------- ----------- --------- ---------- ----------- ----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Accumulated postretirement benefit obligation (APBO):
Retirees $35.5 $15.8 $51.3 $34.5 $15.3 $49.8
Fully eligible active plan participants 2.8 0.9 3.7 2.6 0.7 3.3
Other active plan participants 4.1 1.3 5.4 3.7 1.1 4.8
---------- ----------- --------- ---------- ----------- ----------
42.4 18.0 60.4 40.8 17.1 57.9
Unrecognized prior service cost (1.3) 0.6 (0.7) (1.4) 0.7 (0.7)
Unrecognized net gain (loss) 6.4 (5.6) 0.8 8.2 (5.5) 2.7
---------- ----------- --------- ---------- ----------- ----------
Accrued postretirement benefit obligation $47.5 $13.0 $60.5 $47.6 $12.3 $59.9
========== =========== ========= ========== =========== ==========
Assumptions used to measure the APBO were:
Discount rate 7.50% 7.50% 8.00% 8.25%
Health care cost trend rates:
Canadian - 10.00% - 11.00%
U.S. Pre-Medicare 8.00% - 9.00% -
U.S. Post-Medicare 7.10% - 7.50% -
</TABLE>
Curtailment and settlement gains amounting to $8.4 million in each of 1996
and 1995 in connection with the sale of the aerosol business and glass business,
respectively, are reflected as a part of the respective transaction. The Company
amortizes unrecognized actuarial gains and losses to expense over 10 years. Net
periodic postretirement benefit cost, excluding curtailments and settlements,
was comprised of the following components:
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(dollars in millions) U.S. Canadian Total
---------- ------------ ----------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
1997
Service cost $0.4 $0.1 $0.5
Interest cost on APBO 3.1 1.3 4.4
Net amortization and deferral (0.5) 0.4 (0.1)
---------- ------------ ----------
Net periodic postretirement benefit cost of continuing operations $3.0 $1.8 $4.8
========== ============ ==========
1996
Service cost $0.7 $0.1 $0.8
Interest cost on APBO 3.5 1.4 4.9
Net amortization and deferral (0.1) - (0.1)
---------- ------------ ----------
Net periodic postretirement benefit cost of continuing operations $4.1 $1.5 $5.6
========== ============ ==========
1995
Service cost $1.0 $0.1 $1.1
Interest cost on APBO 4.1 1.3 5.4
Net amortization and deferral (0.3) - (0.3)
---------- ------------ ----------
Net periodic postretirement benefit cost 4.8 1.4 6.2
Less net periodic postretirement benefit cost of the glass business (1.0) - (1.0)
---------- ------------ ----------
Net periodic postretirement benefit cost of continuing operations $3.8 $1.4 $5.2
========== ============ ==========
</TABLE>
The health care cost trend rates used to calculate the APBO are assumed to
decline to 5.0 percent after the year 2003. A one percentage point increase in
these rates would increase the APBO by $2.9 million at December 31, 1997, and
would not have significantly changed the service and interest components of net
periodic postretirement benefit cost in 1997.
Other Benefit Plans
Effective January 1, 1996, substantially all employees within the Company's
aerospace and technologies business who participate in Ball's 401(k) salary
conversion plan receive a performance-based matching cash contribution of up to
four percent of base salary. Ball recorded $4.1 million and $3.5 million in
compensation expense in 1997 and 1996, respectively, related to this match. In
addition, substantially all U.S. salaried employees and certain U.S. nonunion
hourly employees who participate in Ball's 401(k) salary conversion plan
automatically participate in the Company's ESOP. Cash contributions to the ESOP
trust, including preferred dividends, are used to service the ESOP debt and were
$10.6 million in each of 1997 and 1996 and $10.2 million in 1995. Interest paid
by the ESOP trust for its borrowings was $3.6 million, $4.2 million and $4.7
million for 1997, 1996 and 1995, respectively.
Shareholders' Equity
At December 31, 1997, the Company had 120 million shares of common stock and 15
million shares of preferred stock authorized, both without par value. Preferred
stock includes 600,000 authorized but unissued shares designated as Series A
Junior Participating Preferred Stock and 2,100,000 authorized shares designated
as Series B ESOP Convertible Preferred Stock (ESOP Preferred).
The ESOP Preferred has a stated value and liquidation preference of $36.75
per share and cumulative annual dividends of $2.76 per share. The ESOP Preferred
shares are entitled to 1.3 votes per share and are voted with common shares as a
single class upon matters submitted to a vote of Ball's shareholders. Each ESOP
Preferred share has a guaranteed value of $36.75 and is convertible into 1.1552
shares of Ball Corporation common stock.
Under the Company's successor Shareholder Rights Plan, effective August
1997, one Preferred Stock Purchase Right (Right) is attached to each outstanding
share of Ball Corporation common stock. Subject to adjustment, each Right
entitles the registered holder to purchase from the Company one one-thousandth
of a share of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock of the Company at an
exercise price of $130 per Right. If a person or group acquires 15 percent or
more of the Company's outstanding common stock (or upon occurrence of certain
other events), the Rights (other than those held by the acquiring person) become
exercisable and generally entitle the holder to purchase shares of Ball
Corporation common stock at a 50 percent discount. The Rights, which expire in
2006, are redeemable by the Company at a redemption price of one cent per Right
and trade with the common stock. Exercise of such Rights would cause substantial
dilution to a person or group attempting to acquire control of the Company
without the approval of Ball's board of directors. The Rights would not
interfere with any merger or other business combinations approved by the board
of directors.
Common shares were reserved at December 31, 1997, for future issuance under
the employee stock purchase, stock option, dividend reinvestment and restricted
stock plans, as well as to meet conversion requirements of the ESOP Preferred.
In connection with the employee stock purchase plan, the Company
contributes 20 percent of up to $500 of each participating employee's monthly
payroll deduction. Company contributions for this plan were approximately $1.5
million in 1997 and $1.6 million in each of 1996 and 1995.
Stock Options
The Company has several stock option plans under which options to purchase
shares of common stock have been granted to officers and key employees of Ball
at the market value of the stock at the date of grant. Payment must be made at
the time of exercise in cash or with shares of stock owned by the option holder,
which are valued at fair market value on the date exercised. Options terminate
ten years from date of grant. Tier A options are exercisable in four equal
installments commencing one year from date of grant. Tier B options vest at the
date of grant, and are exercisable after the Company's common stock price closes
at or above $50 per share for ten consecutive days. The target stock price is
adjusted based on a compounded annual growth rate of 7.5 percent for individuals
retiring prior to the expiration of the options.
A summary of stock option activity for the years ended December 31 follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1997 1996 1995
----------------------------- ------------------------------ -----------------------------
Weighted Weighted Weighted
Average Average Average
Number of Exercise Number of Exercise Number of Exercise
Shares Price Shares Price Shares Price
------------- --------------- -------------- --------------- ------------- ---------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Outstanding at beginning of year 1,801,074 $27.222 1,403,822 $28.468 1,779,448 $26.534
Tier A options exercised (219,750) $26.002 (84,547) $25.024 (495,405) $25.046
Tier B options exercised (20,000) $24.375 - - - -
Tier A options granted 306,000 $26.592 285,000 $24.375 295,700 $35.625
Tier B options granted 15,000 $25.625 307,000 $24.375 - -
Tier A options canceled (113,026) $28.542 (110,201) $29.490 (175,921) $30.571
Tier B options canceled (15,000) $24.375 - - - -
------------- -------------- -------------
Outstanding at end of year 1,754,298 $27.223 1,801,074 $27.222 1,403,822 $28.468
------------- -------------- -------------
Exercisable at end of year 855,923 $28.120 923,449 $27.465 875,813 $26.522
------------- -------------- -------------
Reserved for future grants 3,295,948 512,358 1,003,057
------------- -------------- -------------
</TABLE>
Additional information regarding options outstanding at December 31, 1997,
follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Exercise Price Range
-----------------------------------------------------------
$22.76 - $24.42 $25.625 - $29.35 $32.00 - $38.50 Total
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Number of options outstanding 720,530 706,241 327,527 1,754,298
Weighted average exercise price $ 24.302 $ 26.947 $ 34.242 $ 27.223
Remaining contractual life 6.6 years 6.7 years 6.5 years 6.6 years
Number of shares exercisable 270,405 348,491 237,027 855,923
Weighted average exercise price $ 24.182 $ 27.372 $ 33.714 $ 28.120
</TABLE>
These options cannot be traded in any equity market. However, based on the
Black-Scholes option pricing model, adapted for use in valuing compensatory
stock options in accordance with SFAS No. 123, Tier A options granted in 1997
and 1996 have estimated weighted fair values, at the date of grant, of $7.06 per
share and $8.67 per share, respectively. Under the same methodology, Tier B
options granted during 1997 and 1996 have estimated fair values, at the date of
grant, of $8.54 per share and $8.56 per share, respectively. The actual value an
employee may realize will depend on the excess of the stock price over the
exercise price on the date the option is exercised. Consequently, there is no
assurance that the value realized by an employee will be at or near the value
estimated. The fair values were estimated using the following weighted average
assumptions:
1997 Grants 1996 Grants
---------------- ----------------
Expected dividend yield 2.33% 2.33%
Expected stock price volatility 23.32% 24.26%
Risk-free interest rate 6.75% 6.77%
Expected life of options 5.12 years 6.96 years
Ball accounts for its stock-based employee compensation programs using the
intrinsic value method prescribed by APB Opinion No. 25, "Accounting for Stock
Issued to Employees." If Ball had elected to recognize compensation based upon
the calculated fair value of the options granted after 1994, pro forma net
income and earnings per share would have been:
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
As reported Pro forma
------------------------------- -------------------------------
Net income Net income
(dollars in millions except per share amounts) (loss) Per share (loss) Per share
------------- ------------- ------------- -------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Year ended December 31, 1997 $ 58.3 $ 1.84 $ 57.0 $ 1.79
Year ended December 31, 1996 24.2 0.70 23.3 0.67
Year ended December 31, 1995 (18.6) (0.72) (19.1) (0.74)
</TABLE>
Earnings per Share
The following table provides additional information on the computation of
earnings per share amounts from continuing operations.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year ended December 31,
------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in millions except per share amounts) 1997 1996 1995
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Earnings per Common Share
Net income from continuing operations $ 58.3 $ 13.1 $ 51.9
Preferred dividends, net of tax benefit (2.8) (2.9) (3.1)
--------------- --------------- ---------------
Income from continuing operations
attributable to common shareholders $ 55.5 $ 10.2 $ 48.8
--------------- --------------- ---------------
Weighted average common shares (000s) 30,234 30,314 30,024
--------------- --------------- ---------------
Earnings per common share $1.84 $0.34 $1.63
=============== =============== ===============
Diluted Earnings per Share
Net income from continuing operations $ 58.3 $ 13.1 $ 51.9
Adjustments for deemed ESOP cash contribution
in lieu of the ESOP Preferred dividend (2.1) (2.2) (2.0)
--------------- --------------- ---------------
Adjusted income from continuing operations
attributable to common shareholders $ 56.2 $ 10.9 $ 49.9
--------------- --------------- ---------------
Weighted average common shares (000s) 30,234 30,314 30,024
Effect of dilutive securities:
Dilutive effect of stock options 165 37 203
Common shares issuable upon conversion
of the ESOP Preferred stock 1,912 1,984 2,085
--------------- --------------- ---------------
Weighted average shares applicable
to diluted earnings per share 32,311 32,335 32,312
--------------- --------------- ---------------
Diluted earnings per share $1.74 $0.34 $1.54
=============== =============== ===============
</TABLE>
<PAGE>
Options outstanding during each of the three years which were anti-dilutive
(i.e., the exercise price exceeded the average common stock price during the
year) have been excluded from the computation of the diluted earnings per share.
For 1997, approximately 328,000 options outstanding at year end were excluded
from the computation. Of these options approximately 194,000 options had an
exercise price of $35.625 and expire in 2005 and 128,000 options had an exercise
price of $32.00 and expire in 2003. Options outstanding at December 31, 1996,
which were excluded from the computation totaled approximately 565,000,
comprised principally of 141,000 options with an exercise price of $29.35
expiring in 2002, 151,000 options with an exercise price of $32.00 expiring in
2003, and 219,000 options with an exercise price of $35.625 expiring in 2005.
The remaining anti-dilutive options expire at various dates through 2004 and
have a weighted average exercise price of $29.936 per share. For 1995,
anti-dilutive options outstanding totaled approximately 256,000, comprised
primarily of 242,000 options expiring in 2005 at an exercise price of $35.625.
Research and Development
Research and development costs are expensed as incurred in connection with the
Company's internal programs for the development of products and processes. Costs
incurred in connection with these programs amounted to $22.2 million, $18.1
million and $13.4 million for the years 1997, 1996 and 1995, respectively.
Contingencies
The U.S. government is disputing the Company's claim to recoverability (by means
of allocation to government contracts) of reimbursed costs associated with
Ball's ESOP for fiscal years 1989 through 1995, as well as the corresponding
prospective costs accrued after 1995. The government will not reimburse the
Company for disputed ESOP expenses incurred or accrued after 1995. A deferred
payment agreement for the costs reimbursed through 1995 was entered into between
the government and Ball. On October 10, 1995, the Company filed its complaint
before the Armed Services Board of Contract Appeals (ASBCA) seeking final
adjudication of this matter. Trial before the ASBCA was conducted in January
1997. While the outcome of the trial is not yet known, the Company's information
at this time does not indicate that this matter will have a material, adverse
effect upon financial condition, results of operations or competitive position
of the Company.
From time to time, the Company is subject to routine litigation incidental
to its business. Additionally, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has
designated Ball as a potentially responsible party, along with numerous other
companies, for the cleanup of several hazardous waste sites. However, the
Company's information at this time does not indicate that these matters will
have a material, adverse effect upon financial condition, results of operations,
capital expenditures or competitive position of the Company.
Quarterly Results of Operations (Unaudited)
1997 Quarterly Information
The first quarter included a pretax gain of $1.2 million ($0.7 million
after tax or two cents per share) for shares of Datum sold in the first quarter.
An additional pretax gain of $10.5 million ($6.4 million after tax or 21 cents
per share) was recorded in the second quarter for the sale of the remaining
Datum shares. The second quarter also included a $3.0 million pretax charge
($1.8 million after tax or six cents per share) for the closure of a small PET
container manufacturing facility. The Company also recorded research and
development tax credits in the first and second quarters of $1.7 million (five
cents per share) and $0.8 million (three cents per share), respectively. In the
fourth quarter, Ball disposed of or wrote down to estimated net realizable value
certain equity investments resulting in a net pretax gain of $0.3 million. See
the note, "Dispositions and Other," for additional information.
1996 Quarterly Information
Results included a first quarter charge of $2.8 million ($1.7 million after tax
or six cents per share) for employee termination costs primarily within the
metal packaging business.
As described in the note, "Taxes on Income," in 1996 Ball received a refund
in connection with research and development tax credits attributable to prior
years. Further, as a result of legislation enacted in the third quarter of 1996,
Ball was required to exclude from deductible expenses a portion of the interest
incurred in connection with its company-owned life insurance program,
retroactive to January 1, 1996. The net effect of these tax matters was an
increase in net income from continuing operations in the third quarter of $4.3
million (14 cents per share).
Fourth quarter charges of $18.2 million ($13.7 million after tax or 45
cents per share) included the loss on the sale of the aerosol business,
provision for the closure of a metal food can manufacturing facility, and
write-down to net realizable value of certain metal beverage container
manufacturing equipment removed from service. In addition, the Company recorded
an after-tax charge of $9.3 million (31 cents per share) in the fourth quarter
related to Ball's investment in EarthWatch. See the note, "Dispositions and
Other," for further information.
Discontinued operations included a 1996 fourth quarter pretax gain of $24.1
million ($13.2 million after tax or 43 cents per share) for the sale of the
Company's investment in Ball-Foster. See the note, "Discontinued Operations,"
for further information.
<PAGE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(dollars in millions except per share amounts) First Second Third Fourth
Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter Total
----------- ---------- ---------- ---------- -------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
1997
Net sales $479.8 $643.7 $690.2 $574.8 $2,388.5
----------- ---------- ---------- ---------- -------------
Gross profit 48.2 70.9 85.0 63.2 267.3
----------- ---------- ---------- ---------- -------------
Net income 7.0 20.8 22.7 7.8 58.3
Preferred dividends, net of tax benefit (0.7) (0.7) (0.7) (0.7) (2.8)
----------- ---------- ---------- ---------- -------------
Net earnings attributable to
common shareholders $ 6.3 $ 20.1 $ 22.0 $ 7.1 $ 55.5
=========== ========== ========== ========== =============
Earnings per share of common stock $ 0.21 $ 0.67 $ 0.73 $ 0.24 $1.84
=========== ========== ========== ========== =============
Diluted earnings per share $ 0.20 $ 0.63 $ 0.68 $ 0.23 $ 1.74
=========== ========== ========== ========== =============
1996
Net sales $462.0 $600.1 $622.2 $500.1 $2,184.4
----------- ---------- ---------- ---------- -------------
Gross profit 37.5 52.2 55.5 31.9 177.1
----------- ---------- ---------- ---------- -------------
Net income (loss) from:
Continuing operations 6.8 13.3 19.4 (26.4) 13.1
Discontinued operations (1.3) (1.5) 0.7 13.2 11.1
----------- ---------- ---------- ---------- -------------
Net income (loss) 5.5 11.8 20.1 (13.2) 24.2
Preferred dividends, net of tax benefit (0.8) (0.7) (0.7) (0.7) (2.9)
----------- ---------- ---------- ---------- -------------
Net earnings (loss) attributable to
common shareholders $ 4.7 $ 11.1 $ 19.4 $ (13.9) $ 21.3
=========== ========== ========== ========== =============
Earnings (loss) per share of common stock:
Continuing operations $ 0.20 $ 0.42 $ 0.62 $ (0.89) $ 0.34
Discontinued operations (0.04) (0.05) 0.02 0.43 0.36
----------- ---------- ---------- ---------- -------------
$ 0.16 $ 0.37 $ 0.64 $ (0.46) $ 0.70
=========== ========== ========== ========== =============
Diluted earnings (loss) per share:
Continuing operations $ 0.19 $ 0.40 $ 0.58 $ (0.89) $ 0.34
Discontinued operations (0.04) (0.05) 0.02 0.43 0.34
----------- ---------- ---------- ---------- -------------
$ 0.15 $ 0.35 $ 0.60 $ (0.46) $ 0.68
=========== ========== ========== ========== =============
</TABLE>
Earnings per share calculations for each quarter are based on the weighted
average shares outstanding for that period. As a result, the sum of the
quarterly amounts may not equal the annual earnings per share amount. The
diluted loss per share in fourth quarter of 1996 is the same as the net loss per
common share because the assumed exercise of stock options and conversion of the
ESOP Preferred stock would have been antidilutive for continuing operations.
<PAGE>
Report of Management on Financial Statements
The consolidated financial statements contained in this annual report to
shareholders are the responsibility of management. These financial statements
have been prepared in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles
and, necessarily, include certain amounts based on management's informed
judgments and estimates.
Future events could affect these judgements and estimates.
In fulfilling its responsibility for the integrity of financial
information, management maintains and relies upon a system of internal control
which is designed to provide reasonable assurance that assets are safeguarded
from unauthorized use or disposition, that transactions are executed in
accordance with management's authorization and that transactions are properly
recorded to permit the preparation of reliable financial statements in all
material respects. To assure the continuing effectiveness of the system of
internal control and to maintain a climate in which such controls can be
effective, management establishes and communicates appropriate written policies
and procedures; carefully selects, trains and develops qualified personnel;
maintains an organizational structure that provides clearly defined lines of
responsibility, appropriate delegation of authority and segregation of duties;
and maintains a continuous program of internal audits with appropriate
management follow-up. Company policies concerning use of corporate assets and
conflicts of interest, which require employees to maintain the highest ethical
and legal standards in their conduct of the Company's business, are important
elements of the internal control system.
The board of directors oversees management's administration of Company
financial reporting practices, internal controls and the preparation of the
consolidated financial statements through its audit committee, which is composed
entirely of outside directors. The audit committee meets periodically with
representatives of management, Company internal audit and Price Waterhouse LLP
to review the scope and results of audit work, the adequacy of internal controls
and the quality of financial reporting. Price Waterhouse LLP and Company
internal audit have direct access to the audit committee, and the opportunity to
meet the committee without management present, to assure a free discussion of
the results of their work and audit findings.
George A. Sissel R. David Hoover
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer Vice Chairman and Chief Financial Officer
Report of Independent Accountants
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders
Ball Corporation
In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated balance sheet and the related
consolidated statements of income (loss), of cash flows and of changes in
shareholders' equity present fairly, in all material respects, the financial
position of Ball Corporation and its subsidiaries at December 31, 1997 and 1996,
and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three
years in the period ended December 31, 1997, in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles. These financial statements are the
responsibility of the Company's management; our responsibility is to express an
opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our
audits of these statements in accordance with generally accepted auditing
standards which require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable
assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material
misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting
the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the
accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and
evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our
audits provide a reasonable basis for the opinion expressed above.
Price Waterhouse LLP
Indianapolis, Indiana
January 28, 1998, except as to the note, "Subsequent Event," which is as of
February 4, 1998
<PAGE>
Quarterly Stock Prices and Dividends
Quarterly prices for the company's common stock, as reported on the composite
tape, and quarterly dividends in 1997 and 1996 were:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1997 1996
1st 2nd 3rd 4th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th
Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
High 27 3/4 30 3/4 36 1/8 39 32 1/4 31 7/8 28 1/2 26 1/4
Low 23 3/4 25 1/4 29 3/16 31 3/16 25 3/4 26 7/8 23 1/4 23 1/8
Dividends .15 .15 .15 .15 .15 .15 .15 .15
</TABLE>
<PAGE>
Five-Year Review of Selected Financial Data
Ball Corporation and Subsidiaries
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
- -------------------------------------------- -------------- -------------- ------------- -------------- -------------
(dollars in millions except per share 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993
amounts)
- -------------------------------------------- -------------- -------------- ------------- -------------- -------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Net sales $2,388.5 $2,184.4 $2,045.8 $1,842.8 $1,735.1
Net income (loss) from:
Continuing operations (1) $58.3 $13.1 $51.9 $64.0 $3.2
Discontinued operations - 11.1 (70.5) 9.0 (33.6)
Net income (loss) before cumulative
effect of accounting changes 58.3 24.2 (18.6) 73.0 (30.4)
Cumulative effect of accounting changes,
net of tax benefit - - - - (34.7)
Net income (loss) 58.3 24.2 (18.6) 73.0 (65.1)
Preferred dividends, net of tax benefit (2.8) (2.9) (3.1) (3.2) (3.2)
Net earnings (loss) attributable to
common shareholders $55.5 $21.3 $(21.7) $69.8 $(68.3)
Return on average common
shareholders' equity 9.3% 3.7% (3.7)% 12.1% (11.6)%
- -------------------------------------------- -------------- -------------- ------------- -------------- -------------
Per share of common stock:
Earnings (loss) from: (2), (3)
Continuing operations (1) $1.84 $0.34 $1.63 $2.05 $ -
Discontinued operations - 0.36 (2.35) 0.30 (1.17)
Earnings (loss) before cumulative
effect of accounting changes 1.84 0.70 (0.72) 2.35 (1.17)
Cumulative effect of accounting
changes, net of tax benefit - - - - (1.21)
Earnings (loss) $1.84 $0.70 $(0.72) $2.35 $(2.38)
Cash dividends 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 1.24
Book value (4) 20.23 19.22 18.84 20.25 18.63
Market value 35 3/8 26 1/4 27 3/4 31 1/2 30 1/4
Annual return to common shareholders (5) 37.4% (3.2)% (10.2)% 6.4% 1.1%
Weighted average common
shares outstanding (000s) 30,234 30,314 30,024 29,662 28,712
- -------------------------------------------- -------------- -------------- ------------- -------------- -------------
Diluted earnings (loss) per share: (3), (6)
Earnings (loss) from:
Continuing operations (1) $1.74 $0.34 $1.54 $1.93 $ -
Discontinued operations - 0.34 (2.18) 0.28 (1.17)
Earnings (loss) before cumulative
effect of accounting changes 1.74 0.68 (0.64) 2.21 (1.17)
Cumulative effect of accounting
changes, net of tax benefit - - - - (1.21)
Earnings (loss) $1.74 $0.68 $(0.64) $2.21 $(2.38)
Diluted weighted average common
shares outstanding (000s) 32,311 32,335 32,312 31,902 28,712
- -------------------------------------------- -------------- -------------- ------------- -------------- -------------
Property, plant and equipment additions $97.7 $196.1 $178.9 $41.3 $89.1
Depreciation 110.0 88.1 75.5 75.5 70.0
Working capital (39.7) 255.6 77.3 56.9 104.9
Current ratio 0.95 1.50 1.16 1.14 1.29
Total assets $2,090.1 $1,700.8 $1,614.0 $1,631.9 $1,668.8
Total interest bearing debt and capital
lease obligations (7) 773.1 582.9 475.4 493.7 637.2
Common shareholders' equity 611.3 586.7 567.5 604.8 548.6
Total capitalization (7) 1459.0 1,194.3 1,064.1 1,126.5 1,211.8
Debt-to-total capitalization (7) 53.0% 48.8% 44.7% 43.8% 52.6%
- -------------------------------------------- -------------- -------------- ------------- -------------- -------------
<FN>
(1) Includes the effect of a change in 1995 to the LIFO method of accounting
of $17.1 million ($10.4 million after tax or 35 cents per share).
(2) Based on weighted average common shares outstanding.
(3) At December 31, 1997, the Company adopted Statement of Financial
Accounting Standards No. 128, "Earnings per Share." As required, the
Company has recomputed earnings per share consistent with that standard.
There was no change to previously disclosed earnings per common share,
and insignificant effects on diluted per share amounts.
(4) Based on common shares outstanding at end of year.
(5) Change in stock price plus dividend yield assuming reinvestment of
dividends. Included in 1993 is the value of the distribution of one share
of Alltrista Corporation common stock for four shares of Ball Corporation
common stock of $4.25.
(6) In 1995, the assumed conversion of preferred stock and exercise of stock
options resulted in a dilutive effect on continuing operations.
Accordingly, the diluted loss per share amounts are required to be used
for discontinued operations, resulting in a lower total loss per share
than the loss per common share.
(7) Includes amounts attributed to discontinued operations.
</FN>
</TABLE>
<PAGE>
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations Ball Corporation and Subsidiaries
Management's discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the
consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes. Ball Corporation
and subsidiaries are referred to collectively as "Ball" or the "Company" in the
following discussion and analysis.
Overview
Over the three-year reporting period, the Company has taken several actions
which affect the comparability of the accompanying financial statements. Ball
has significantly expanded its presence in international markets with the 1997
acquisition of M.C. Packaging (Hong Kong) Limited (M.C. Packaging), the
construction of metal container plants in the People's Republic of China
(China), and, through joint ventures, metal beverage container plants in Brazil
and Thailand. Ball entered the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastic
container market, beginning in 1995 with the construction of a pilot line and
research and development center, and currently operates four multi-line
manufacturing facilities. The Company also consolidated operations within its
North American metal packaging business to reduce costs and increase efficiency,
by closing or selling three food container operations and related facilities,
including selling a U.S. aerosol can business; discontinuing the manufacture of
metal beverage containers at one facility in Canada; and, eliminating certain
administrative positions within these lines of business. Ball exited the glass
container business and sold a time and frequency measurement device business.
On February 4, 1998, Ball announced that it would relocate its corporate
headquarters to an existing company-owned building in Broomfield, Colorado. In
connection with the relocation, the Company expects to record in 1998 a charge
estimated to be approximately $20 million pretax, primarily for employee related
costs and the write-down of certain assets to net realizable values. This move
is expected to be largely completed by the end of 1998.
Acquisitions
During 1997, the Company acquired approximately 75 percent of M.C. Packaging
through Ball's Hong Kong-based subsidiary, FTB Packaging Limited (FTB
Packaging), for a total purchase price of approximately $179 million in cash.
M.C. Packaging, with net sales of approximately $149 million included in Ball's
1997 consolidated results, operates 13 manufacturing facilities in China,
including four equity affiliates. Products manufactured by M.C. Packaging
include two-piece aluminum beverage containers, three-piece steel beverage and
food containers, aerosol cans, plastic packaging, metal crowns and printed and
coated metal. With this acquisition, Ball estimates that it supplies over 50
percent of the metal beverage containers used in China. The acquisition was
accounted for as a purchase and the results of M.C. Packaging included within
the packaging segment from the acquisition date in early 1997. The excess of the
purchase price of approximately $122.3 million was determined based on
preliminary fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the
acquisition.
In the third quarter of 1997, Ball acquired certain PET container
manufacturing assets from Brunswick Container Corporation (Brunswick) for cash
of approximately $42.7 million. In connection with this acquisition, the Company
obtained long-term agreements to supply a large East Coast bottler of soft
drinks.
Dispositions and Other
Following is a summary of the financial effects of dispositions and other
charges by business segment.
Packaging
In the second quarter of 1997, the Company recorded a pretax charge of $3.0
million ($1.8 million or six cents per share) for the closure of a small PET
container manufacturing facility. In addition, in January 1998 the Company
closed, as anticipated, a facility acquired as part of the 1997 acquisition and
will be relocating certain equipment during 1998 from that facility to Ball's
larger PET container facilities.
In October 1996, the Company sold net assets of approximately $47.5
million, including $6.0 million of goodwill, of a U.S. aerosol can manufacturing
business for cash of $41.3 million and a $3.0 million note. In connection with
this sale, the Company recognized a loss of $3.3 million ($4.4 million after
tax, including the effect of non-deductible goodwill, or 14 cents per share).
The aerosol business was included in consolidated results and within the
packaging segment through the date of sale. Ball also recorded pretax charges of
$17.7 million ($11.0 million after tax or 37 cents per share) and $10.9 million
($6.6 million after tax or 22 cents per share) in 1996 and 1995, respectively,
in connection with actions to consolidate its metal packaging operations,
including costs to close facilities, write-down assets to net realizable value
and eliminate certain administrative positions within these businesses.
<PAGE>
Aerospace and Technologies
In the first quarter of 1995, upon conclusion of a study by the Company to
explore its strategic alternatives relative to its aerospace and technologies
business, Ball sold its Efratom time and frequency devices business to Datum
Inc. (Datum) for cash of $15.0 million and 1.3 million shares, or approximately
32 percent, of Datum common stock. The Company recorded a gain of $11.8 million
($7.7 million after tax or 25 cents per share) on this transaction. The 1995
gain was partially offset by a pretax charge of $8.0 million ($4.9 million after
tax or 16 cents per share) for costs in connection with the decision to exit the
visual image generating systems business in 1993.
Corporate
Corporate dispositions and other in 1997 include the sale of Ball's investment
in Datum in the first half for cash of approximately $26.2 million, resulting in
a pretax gain of $11.7 million ($7.1 million after tax or 23 cents per share).
Ball's share of Datum's earnings under the equity method of accounting were $0.5
million and $0.3 million in 1997 and 1995, respectively, and a loss of $0.2
million in 1996.
In the fourth quarter of 1997, Ball disposed of or wrote down to estimated
net realizable value certain equity investments, resulting in a net pretax gain
of $0.3 million. The Company's equity in the net earnings of these affiliates
was not significant in 1997, 1996 and 1995.
Other
In 1994, the Company formed EarthWatch, Incorporated (EarthWatch), and in 1995
acquired WorldView, Inc., to commercialize certain proprietary technologies by
serving the market for satellite-based remote sensing images of the Earth.
Through December 31, 1995, the Company invested approximately $21 million in
EarthWatch. As of December 31, 1996, EarthWatch had experienced extended product
development and deployment delays and expected to incur significant product
development losses into the future, exceeding Ball's investment. Although Ball
was a 49 percent equity owner of EarthWatch at year end 1996, and had contracted
to design satellites for that company, the remaining carrying value of the
investment was written to zero. Accordingly, Ball recorded a pretax charge of
$15.0 million ($9.3 million after tax or 31 cents per share), in the fourth
quarter of 1996 which is reflected as a part of equity in losses of affiliates.
EarthWatch continued to incur losses throughout 1997. Ball has no commitments to
provide further equity or debt financing to EarthWatch beyond its investment to
date. Subject to certain conditions, Ball has agreed to produce satellites for
EarthWatch. At year end 1997, Ball owned approximately 48 percent of the voting
stock in EarthWatch.
In 1996, the Company sold its 42 percent interest in Ball-Foster Glass
Container Co., L.L.C. (Ball-Foster), exiting the glass packaging business.
Ball-Foster was formed in 1995 from the glass businesses acquired from Ball and
Foster-Forbes, a division of American National Can Company. The financial
effects of these transactions, as well as the results of the glass business,
have been segregated in the accompanying financial statements as discontinued
operations. See "Discontinued Operations" for additional information regarding
these transactions.
Sales and Earnings
Consolidated net sales in 1997 increased more than nine percent to $2.4 billion
compared to 1996. The increase reflects M.C. Packaging's sales since the
acquisition, as well as increased sales of PET containers and from the aerospace
and technologies segment. Consolidated net sales of $2.2 billion in 1996
increased 6.8 percent compared to 1995 net sales of $2.0 billion, reflecting
sales of the Company's newly established PET container business, as well as
increased sales in the metal packaging business and the aerospace and
technologies segment.
Consolidated operating earnings increased to $139.3 million, compared to
$68.0 million in 1996, reflecting improved results in both the packaging and the
aerospace and technologies businesses. Consolidated operating earnings of $68.0
million in 1996 decreased 41.3 percent compared to 1995 earnings of $115.8
million. The decrease in 1996 reflects lower packaging segment earnings,
including $21.0 million related to dispositions and other charges discussed
above. Similar charges of $3.0 million and $7.1 million were recorded in 1997
and 1995, respectively.
Consolidated general and administrative expenses were $119.2 million, $77.2
million, and $83.3 million for 1997, 1996 and 1995, respectively. Lower
consolidated general and administrative expenses in 1996 compared to 1997 were
due, in large part, to lower incentive compensation expense based upon 1996
operating performance, coupled with higher income in 1996 from the temporary
investment of proceeds from dispositions, including that of the glass business.
Consolidated general and administrative expenses in 1997 include the operating
costs of M.C. Packaging, which was acquired in 1997, as well as those costs
attributable to other new facilities in China.
Corporate expenses were $11.9 million, $5.1 million and $13.2 million for
1997, 1996 and 1995, respectively. The lower corporate expenses in 1996 compared
to 1997 and 1995 were due, in part, to income from short-term temporary
investments, attributable to the proceeds from business dispositions, and lower
operating costs, including incentive compensation.
<PAGE>
Packaging Segment
Packaging segment sales were $2.0 billion, $1.8 billion and $1.7 billion for
1997, 1996 and 1995, respectively. Segment sales included net sales of metal
containers of $1.8 billion in 1997, an increase of 2.9 percent compared to 1996
as a result of the acquisition of M.C. Packaging and the consolidation of that
company's sales, partially offset by a decrease in sales of the Company's North
American metal packaging businesses of approximately 5.8 percent. Ball's sales
of PET containers in the U.S. increased to $153.0 million in 1997 from $56.3
million in 1996. The increase in packaging sales when comparing 1996 to 1995 was
primarily attributable to those from the new PET container business, as well as
a 6.0 percent increase in North American metal food container sales and
increased sales within the international metal packaging businesses.
Segment earnings of $105.3 million in 1997 reflect improved operating
results in all product lines compared to 1996. Segment earnings declined in 1996
to $36.6 million from $84.7 million in 1995. Excluding the effects of
dispositions and other charges, segment earnings were $108.3 million, $57.6
million and $95.6 million for 1997, 1996 and 1995, respectively.
North American Metal Beverage Containers
Sales of Ball's North American metal beverage container business, which
represented approximately 56 percent of segment sales in 1997, decreased
approximately 5.7 percent in 1997 compared to 1996 and 6.0 percent compared to
1995. The decrease in 1997 sales compared to 1996 reflects the lower cost of
aluminum can sheet, which is generally passed on through formula pricing to the
customer, and a decrease of approximately 3.5 percent in 1997 shipments compared
to 1996. The decrease in can shipments reflects the reduction in Ball's metal
beverage capacity as a result of discontinuing manufacture at one Canadian
facility and the full year effects of converting a U.S. metal beverage container
line to two-piece food containers. In 1996, lower selling prices offset an 11
percent increase in can unit shipments. U.S. and Canadian industry shipments of
metal beverage containers increased an estimated 1.6 percent in 1997 and
slightly more than one percent in 1996. The Company estimates that its North
American metal beverage container shipments, as a percentage of total U.S. and
Canadian shipments for metal beverage containers, was approximately 17 percent
in 1997 and 1996, and 16 percent in 1995.
Despite lower sales in 1997, earnings attributable to North American metal
beverage containers improved, increasing 55 percent compared to 1996, and 3.6
percent compared to 1995, before dispositions and other charges of $8.1 million
and $3.8 million in 1996 and 1995, respectively. The improvement in 1997 is
largely attributable to the completion of project work begun in 1995 to convert
to smaller diameter ends and to lightweight cans and ends, corresponding higher
productivity and the impact of higher cost aluminum contracted for in 1995,
which was not passed on to customers in 1996. The lower earnings for the North
American metal beverage container business in 1996 compared to 1995 were due to
the higher cost aluminum contracted for in late 1995 and lower aluminum scrap
selling prices, both of which resulted in higher cost of sales. Production
inefficiencies in early 1996 while converting to the smaller diameter end and
implementing the use of a lower gauge metal also contributed to lower results.
North American Metal Food Containers
North American metal food container sales, which comprised approximately 24
percent of 1997 segment sales, declined approximately 5.9 percent in 1997
compared to 1996, which included $36.6 million of aerosol can sales. Excluding
aerosol in 1996, can sales in this product line increased 1.3 percent in 1997,
with lower shipments to salmon can customers offset by increased shipments to
customers for other food products. Comparing 1996 to 1995, North American metal
food container sales increased as a result of an 11 percent increase in the
Company's shipments, as well as marginally improved pricing. The increase in
1996 shipments compared to 1995 reflects, in part, depressed shipments of
vegetable and pet food cans in 1995. Ball estimates that its North American
metal food container shipments were approximately 14 percent of total U.S. and
Canadian metal food container shipments in 1997 and 1996, based on available
industry information.
Operating earnings attributable to North American metal food containers,
before dispositions and other charges, continue to improve with increases of 76
and 47 percent in 1997 and 1996, respectively. Dispositions and other charges
related to North American metal food containers totaled $20.0 million in 1996
and 1995. The improvement in 1997 compared to 1996 was attributed in part to the
closure of a higher-cost operating facility late in 1996, and to improved
productivity and quality, reflected in a reduction in provisions for customer
claims. The 1996 improvement in earnings was primarily due to the increased
sales volumes.
North American PET Containers
The increase in the Company's sales of PET containers to $153.0 million in 1997
compared to $56.3 million in 1996 reflects the start-up of two manufacturing
facilities in 1997, plus the additional sales from the new business acquired
from Brunswick in the third quarter of 1997. However, sales in both 1997 and
1996 were below anticipated levels. In 1997, continued promotion of metal cans
by major soft drink companies and lower than forecasted sales by other customers
were reflected in the lower than expected sales. Sales in 1996 were affected in
part by lower resin prices and lower than expected requirements of a key
customer.
Although the PET container business continued to operate at a loss in 1997,
the loss was substantially lower than that incurred in 1996. PET resin prices
increased during 1997, and the increases were, in large part, passed on to
customers. Recruiting and training costs, and under-utilized labor during the
start-up of the new facilities in all years, contributed to the operating
losses. Production efficiencies in the plants which started up operations prior
to 1997 improved, but were negatively affected by the lower sales volumes.
International Packaging Operations
Sales within the international packaging businesses in 1997 were comprised of
the consolidated sales of FTB Packaging, including M.C. Packaging for
approximately 11 months of 1997, and revenues from technical services to
licensees. Excluding sales of M.C. Packaging, sales in 1997 increased nearly 24
percent in 1997 compared to 1996 due to the inclusion of a full year's sales of
two new metal beverage container facilities. Sales within China have been
negatively affected by a soft metal beverage container market combined with
lower pricing resulting from current industry over capacity. The current
supply/demand imbalance in the industry is expected to be relatively short term
as per capita consumption in China, substantially below the U.S. and other more
developed countries, increases. In the interim, Ball has elected to delay
start-up of two facilities originally expected to become operational in 1998.
The Chinese market also has been affected by turmoil in the Asian financial
markets which has resulted in a decrease in exports of Company products from
China to other Asian countries. Earnings from consolidated international
operations in 1997 reflect the impact of consolidating M.C. Packaging and lower
pricing. In comparing 1996 to 1995, earnings were lower in 1996, due, in part,
to start-up operating costs from three new manufacturing facilities in China.
Aerospace and Technologies Segment
Aerospace and technologies segment operating results in 1995 included a pretax
gain of $11.8 million on the sale of the Efratom business, and a charge of $8.0
million to exit the visual image generating business. In the following
discussion of aerospace and technologies segment results, the effect of these
dispositions and other charges is excluded to facilitate comparison.
Segment sales were $398.7 million, $362.3 million and $315.8 million for
1997, 1996 and 1995, respectively, representing annual increases of 10.0 percent
and 14.7 percent for 1997 and 1996, respectively. Segment operating earnings
were $34.0 million, $31.4 million and $27.3 million in 1997, 1996 and 1995,
respectively, representing annual increases of 8.3 percent and 15.0 percent for
1997 and 1996, respectively.
Sales and earnings for 1997 increased compared to 1996 in both the
aerospace systems division and telecommunications products division. The higher
sales and earnings in aerospace systems reflect growth in three programs, as
well as the start-up of three new programs and award fees for the successful
1997 launch of second generation replacement instruments for the Hubble Space
Telescope. Within telecommunications, earnings increased significantly, in part
due to a one-time early delivery incentive earned related to one contract, and
increased fixed cost coverage related to the increased production volume.
Comparing 1996 and 1995, the increase in earnings is primarily attributable to
the increase in sales, partially offset by costs related to one now completed
fixed price contract.
Sales to the U.S. government, either as a prime contractor or as a
subcontractor, represented approximately 87 percent, 91 percent and 86 percent
of segment sales in 1997, 1996 and 1995, respectively. Within aerospace systems,
industry trends have not changed significantly, with a declining budget for the
Department of Defense and a flat NASA budget. However, there is a growing
worldwide market for commercial space activities, in which Ball believes there
are significant international opportunities in which the Company could
participate. Consolidation in the industry continues so that competition for
business remains intense. Backlog for the aerospace and technologies segment at
December 31, 1997 and 1996, was approximately $267 million and $337 million,
respectively. Year-to-year comparisons of backlog are not necessarily indicative
of the trend of future operations.
Interest and Taxes
Interest expense for continuing operations increased to $53.5 million in 1997,
compared to $33.3 million in 1996 and $25.7 million in 1995. Interest
capitalized amounted to $4.4 million, $6.6 million and $3.5 million for 1997,
1996 and 1995, respectively, and, interest expense allocated to discontinued
operations for 1996 and 1995 was $5.5 million and $12.1 million, respectively.
The increase in total interest cost in 1997 compared to 1996 was primarily a
result of the acquisition and consolidation of M.C. Packaging. The increase in
1996 compared to 1995 reflects the higher levels of borrowing for the first nine
months of 1996, including the issue of $150 million in fixed-rate term debt,
partially offset by generally lower interest rates on interest-sensitive
borrowings.
<PAGE>
Ball's consolidated effective income tax rate was 37.2 percent in 1997,
compared to 24.3 percent in 1996 and 34.4 percent in 1995. The lower rate for
1996 compared to 1997 and 1995 was primarily attributable to the effect of a
1996 refund for tax credits recognized by the Company after the Internal Revenue
Service concurred with Ball's position regarding creditable cost of research and
development. In 1997, Ball recorded an additional tax credit upon settlement for
years 1991 and 1992, although lower than that recorded in 1996. The benefit of
the 1996 tax credits was partially offset by the effect of a tax/book investment
basis difference related to the sale of the aerosol business and approximately
$1.5 million due to a change in tax legislation which limited the amount of
deductible interest on policy loans. As a result of actions taken by the
Company, this new legislation did not, nor is it expected to, have a significant
impact on 1997 results and beyond.
Results of Equity Affiliates
Equity in losses of affiliates of $0.7 million in 1997 included charges of $3.2
million after tax (11 cents per share) for the Company's share of primarily
unrealized currency exchange losses incurred by its 40 percent owned Thai
venture. As a result of a change in the monetary policy by the government of
Thailand in early July 1997, the Thai baht depreciated significantly versus the
U.S. dollar. The unrealized exchange loss was largely a result of the U.S.
dollar denominated debt held by the Thai company. See, "Other," for additional
discussion of Ball's foreign currency exposure. In addition to the Thai exchange
loss, Ball's share of its equity affiliates' results reflect the impact of the
soft market in China for metal beverage containers. The manufacturing facilities
of the Company's Thai venture and the 50-percent owned Brazilian venture both
began production in 1997, and have experienced good manufacturing performance.
Equity in losses of affiliates in 1996 of $9.5 million included a charge of
$15.0 million ($9.3 million after tax or 31 cents per share) to write to zero
the Company's investment in EarthWatch. In addition, the Company's share of
EarthWatch's operating losses were $3.0 million and $1.3 million in 1996 and
1995, respectively. Ball's share of the net earnings from other equity
affiliates were $2.8 million and $4.3 million in 1996 and 1995, respectively,
and were primarily from Ball's Pacific Rim equity affiliates. In 1996, start-up
operating costs associated with new investments in Brazil and Thailand reduced
earnings.
Earnings from Continuing Operations
Net income from continuing operations was $58.3 million, $13.1 million and $51.9
million in 1997, 1996 and 1995, respectively. The increase in 1997 compared to
1996 was due to improved operating results, including aggregate net after-tax
gains of $5.0 million, or 16 cents per share, for the sale of certain
investments, net of plant closing costs and investment write-downs. The decrease
in 1996 compared to 1995 was due to lower operating results, including aggregate
net after-tax charges of $20.4 million, or 68 cents per share, for plant
closures, asset write-downs (including EarthWatch), employee termination costs,
tax matters and the sale of the aerosol business. Net income from continuing
operations in 1995 included aggregate after-tax charges of $3.8 million for
dispositions, plant closures and asset write-downs. Earnings per share from
continuing operations were $1.84, 34 cents and $1.63, in 1997, 1996 and 1995,
respectively.
Discontinued Operations
In October 1996, the Company sold its 42 percent investment in Ball-Foster Glass
Container Co., L.L.C. (Ball-Foster) to Compagnie de Saint Gobain (Saint-Gobain)
for $190 million in cash, exiting the glass packaging business. Ball-Foster was
formed in September 1995 with Saint-Gobain, acquiring the assets of Ball Glass
Container Corporation (Ball Glass), a wholly owned subsidiary of Ball, for
approximately $338 million in cash, and those of Foster-Forbes. Concurrent with
the sale of Ball Glass to Ball-Foster, Ball acquired its 42 percent investment
in Ball-Foster for $180.6 million in cash. The financial effects of these
transactions, as well as the results of the glass business, have been segregated
in the accompanying financial statements as discontinued operations.
Earnings from discontinued operations in 1996 of $11.1 million, or 36 cents
per share, were comprised primarily of the net gain of $24.1 million ($13.2
million after tax or 43 cents per share) resulting from the sale of Ball's
remaining interest in Ball-Foster. The loss of $111.1 million ($76.7 million
after tax or $2.55 per share) resulting from the sale of the Ball Glass assets
to Ball-Foster was included as a part of 1995 results from discontinued
operations.
Financial Position, Liquidity and Capital Resources
Cash flow from continuing operations in 1997 increased to $143.5 million
compared to $84.3 million in 1996 and $32.9 million in 1995. The increase in
1997 resulted primarily from the improved operating results within North America
and a reduction in the cash used for working capital. In 1996, cash used for
working capital was $52.6 million lower than in 1995, more than offsetting the
effects of lower operating results. At December 31, 1997, working capital
(excluding cash and debt) was $341.8 million, an increase of $80.2 million
compared to $261.6 million at the 1996 year end, due largely to the acquisition
and consolidation of M.C. Packaging.
Capital expenditures were $97.7 million, $196.1 million and $178.9 million
in 1997, 1996 and 1995, respectively. Spending in 1997, 1996 and 1995 included
approximately $16 million, $75 million and $70 million, respectively, for Ball's
PET container business. Spending in 1997 also included amounts to complete the
two new metal packaging plants in China, as well as spending within M.C.
Packaging. Capital expenditures in 1996 and 1995 include the conversion of metal
beverage plant equipment to meet industry specifications for smaller diameter
ends. Other capital projects in 1996 included the conversion of a metal beverage
container line to the manufacture of two-piece metal food containers and a
technology upgrade related to the manufacture of salmon cans in Canada. Other
spending in 1995 included productivity improvement programs in several of the
metal packaging facilities.
Investments in and advances to affiliates were $11.2 million, $27.7 million
and $55.2 million for 1997, 1996 and 1995, respectively. Investments in 1997
included $6.5 million for a ten percent indirect ownership in a new can venture
in Russia, plus additional investments in Brazil and Thailand, net of
approximately $7.6 million of cash received from equity affiliates. Spending in
1996 included investments in Brazil and Thailand for construction of metal
beverage container facilities. Investments in 1995 include $20.9 million for
EarthWatch and approximately $31 million primarily for new majority-owned metal
container plants in China.
In 1998 total capital spending and investments are anticipated to be
approximately $100 million, which is below forecasted depreciation levels. In
addition, as has been publicly announced, the Company is currently in
negotiations with Reynolds Metals Company to purchase certain of its metal
beverage container manufacturing assets.
Premiums on company-owned life insurance were approximately $6 million in
each of 1997 and 1996 and $20 million in 1995. Amounts in the consolidated
statement of cash flows represent net cash flows from this program, including
policy loans of approximately $10 million in each of 1997 and 1996 and $113
million in 1995, and partial withdrawals from the cash value of the policies of
approximately $22 million in 1997. Legislation enacted in 1996 limits the amount
of interest on policy loans which can be deducted for federal income tax
purposes. The limits affect insurance programs initiated after June 1986, and
phase-in over a three-year period. As a result of the new legislation, the
provision for taxes on income for 1996 increased by approximately $1.5 million
(five cents per share). As a result of actions taken by Ball in 1996, the new
legislation did not have a significant impact on 1997 results, nor is further
significant impact expected.
Debt at December 31, 1997, increased $190.2 million to $773.1 million from
$582.9 million at year end 1996, while cash and temporary investments decreased
from $169.2 million at year end 1996 to $25.5 million at December 31, 1997. The
increase in debt, and decrease in cash, was due primarily to the acquisition of
M.C. Packaging, including the consolidation of M.C. Packaging's debt.
Consolidated debt-to-total capitalization increased to 53.0 percent at December
31, 1997, from 48.8 percent at year end 1996.
In January 1996 Ball issued long-term, senior, unsecured notes with a
weighted average interest rate of 6.71 percent to several insurance companies
for an aggregate amount of $150 million to secure lower cost, fixed-rate
financing.
In the U.S., Ball had committed revolving credit agreements at December 31,
1997, totaling $280 million consisting of a five-year facility expiring July
2002 for $150 million and 364-day facilities for $130 million. The revolving
credit agreements provide for various borrowing rates, including borrowing rates
based on the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR). The Canadian dollar
commercial paper facility provides for committed short-term funds of
approximately $84 million. The Company also has short-term uncommitted credit
facilities in the U.S. of approximately $326 million, and, in Asia, FTB
Packaging, including M.C. Packaging, had short-term uncommitted credit
facilities of approximately $250 million at December 31, 1997.
Cash dividends paid on common stock in 1997, 1996 and 1995 were 60 cents
per share each year.
New Accounting Pronouncements
Statements of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 130, "Reporting
Comprehensive Income," and SFAS No. 131, "Disclosure about Segments of an
Enterprise and Related Information," were issued in June 1997 and will be
effective for the Company in 1998. SFAS No. 130 requires that all items that are
required to be recognized under accounting standards as components of
comprehensive income be reported in a financial statement that is displayed with
the same prominence as other financial statements. Adoption of this standard
will not affect the presentation of the traditional statement of income. SFAS
No. 131 establishes standards for reporting information about operating segments
in annual financial statements and requires reporting of selected information
about operating segments in interim financial reports issued to shareholders. It
also establishes standards for related disclosures about products and services,
geographic areas and major customers. The Company is evaluating this standard to
determine the impact, if any, on its segment reporting.
<PAGE>
Other
Ball is subject to various risks and uncertainties in the ordinary course of
business due, in part, to the competitive nature of the industries in which the
Company participates, its operations in developing markets outside the U.S.,
volatile costs of commodity materials used in the manufacture of its products
and changing capital markets. Where practicable, Ball attempts to reduce these
risks and uncertainties.
As mentioned earlier, in 1997, the Company recognized its share of exchange
losses, comprised primarily of the unrealized loss attributable to approximately
$23 million of U.S. dollar denominated debt held by its 40 percent equity
affiliate in Thailand. The charge of $3.2 million, or 11 cents per share,
resulted from a change in monetary policy by the government of Thailand in early
July 1997, to no longer peg the Thai baht to the U.S. dollar. Through November
30, 1997, the Thai baht depreciated significantly versus the U.S. dollar, and
continues to be volatile. The Company also has U.S. dollar denominated debt in
China (approximately $205 million included in Ball's consolidated balance sheet
and approximately $45 million issued by equity affiliates at year end). The
Company's 50 percent owned affiliate in Brazil had approximately $72 million of
U.S. dollar denominated debt at year end. In addition, Ball has other U.S.
dollar denominated assets and liabilities outside the U.S. which are subject to
exchange rate fluctuations.
The Company was not in default of any loan agreement at December 31, 1997,
and has met all payment obligations. M.C. Packaging was, however, in
noncompliance with certain financial ratio provisions, including interest
coverage and current ratio, under a fixed term loan agreement of which $37.5
million was outstanding at year end. The lender granted M.C. Packaging an
unspecified period to present a revised, comprehensive financing structure for
its business. Management believes that M.C. Packaging has made significant
progress towards concluding an alternative, longer term financing arrangement
satisfactory to all parties and that although such an arrangement has
substantially been concluded, a definitive agreement has not yet been executed.
Management also believes that existing credit resources will be adequate to meet
forseeable financing requirements. Ball Corporation does not guarantee any debt
obligations of M.C. Packaging.
The U.S. government is disputing the Company's claim to recoverability (by
means of allocation to government contracts) of reimbursed costs associated with
Ball's Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP) for fiscal years 1989 through 1995,
as well as the corresponding prospective costs accrued after 1995. The
government will not reimburse the Company for disputed ESOP expenses incurred or
accrued after 1995. A deferred payment agreement for the costs reimbursed
through 1996 was entered into between the government and Ball. On October 10,
1995, the Company filed its complaint before the Armed Services Board of
Contract Appeals (ASBCA) seeking final adjudication of this matter. Trial before
the ASBCA was conducted in January 1997. While the outcome of the trial is not
yet known, the Company's information at this time does not indicate that this
matter will have a material, adverse effect upon financial condition, results of
operations or competitive position of the Company.
From time to time, the Company is subject to routine litigation incidental
to its business. Additionally, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has
designated Ball as a potentially responsible party, along with numerous other
companies, for the cleanup of several hazardous waste sites. However, the
Company's information at this time does not indicate that these matters will
have a material, adverse effect upon financial condition, results of operations,
capital expenditures or competitive position of the Company.
As is commonly known, there is a potential issue facing companies regarding
the ability of information systems to accommodate the year 2000. Ball is
evaluating its information systems and believes that all critical systems can,
or will be able to, accommodate the coming century, without material adverse
effect on the Company's financial condition, results of operations, capital
spending or competitive position.
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and
assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and
disclosure of contingencies at the date of the financial statements, and
reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Future
events could affect these estimates.
The U.S. economy and the Company have experienced minor general inflation
during the past several years. Management believes that evaluation of Ball's
performance during the periods covered by these consolidated financial
statements should be based upon historical financial statements.
Forward-Looking Statements
The Company has made certain forward-looking statements in this annual report
relating to market growth, increases in market shares, total shareholder return,
improved earnings, positive cash flow, technology upgrades and international
market expansion, among others. These forward-looking statements represent the
Company's goals and are based on certain assumptions and estimates regarding the
worldwide economy, specific industry technological innovations, industry
competitive activity, interest rates, capital expenditures, pricing, currency
movements, product introductions, and the development of certain domestic and
international markets. Some factors that could cause the Company's actual
results or outcomes to differ materially from those discussed in the
forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, fluctuation in
customer growth and demand; the weather; fuel costs and availability; regulatory
action; federal and state legislation; interest rates; labor strikes;
maintenance and capital expenditures; local economic conditions; the
authorization and control over the availability of government contracts and the
nature and continuation of those contracts and related services provided
thereunder; the success or lack of success of the satellite launches and
business of EarthWatch; the devaluation of international currencies; the ability
to refinance M.C. Packaging and to obtain adequate credit resources for
foreseeable financing requirements of the Company's businesses; and, the ability
of the Company to acquire other businesses. If the Company's assumptions and
estimates are incorrect, or if it is unable to achieve its goals, then the
Company's actual performance could vary materially from those goals expressed or
implied in the forward-looking statements.
Exhibit 21.1
SUBSIDIARY LIST (1)
Ball Corporation and Subsidiaries
The following is a list of subsidiaries of Ball Corporation (an Indiana
Corporation).
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
State or Country
of Incorporation Percentage
Name or Organization Ownership (2)
<S> <C> <C>
Ball Capital Corp. Colorado 100%
Ball Packaging Corp. Colorado 100%
Ball Asia Pacific Limited Colorado 100%
Ball Plastic Container Corp. Colorado 100%
Ball Metal Food Container Corp. Delaware 100%
Ball Metal Beverage Container Corp. Colorado 100%
Ball Metal Packaging Sales Corp. Colorado 100%
Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corp. Delaware 100%
Ball Aerospace - (Australia), Pty Ltd. Australia 100%
Ball Systems Technology Limited United Kingdom 100%
Ball Technology Services Corporation California 100%
Ball Packaging Products Canada, Inc. Canada 100%
FTB Packaging Limited Hong Kong 98%
Beijing FTB Packaging Limited. China 83%
FTB Tooling & Engineering Ltd. Hong Kong 98%
Fully Tech Industrial Ltd. Hong Kong 68%
Greater China Trading Ltd. Cayman Islands 98%
Hubei FTB Packaging Limited China 78%
Ningbo FTB Can Company Limited. China 73%
Xi'an Kunlun FTB Packaging Limited China 59%
Zhuhai FTB Packaging Limited China 63%
FTB Ningbo Investment Limited Hong Kong 98%
M.C. Packaging (Hong Kong) Limited Hong Kong 73%
MCP Beverage Packaging Limited Hong Kong 73%
MCP Industries Limited Hong Kong 73%
Plasco Limited Hong Kong 51%
Hainan M.C. Packaging Limited China 66%
Hangzhou M.C. Packaging Company Limited China 37%
Panyu MCP Industries Limited China 66%
Shenzhen M.C. Packaging Limited China 44%
Tianjin M.C. Packaging Limited China 59%
Hemei Containers (Tianjin) Co. Ltd. China 49%
Suzhou M.C. Beverage Packaging Co. Ltd. China 40%
Tianjin MCP Cap Manufacture Company Limited China 59%
Tianjin MCP Industries Limited China 59%
Zhongfu (Taicang) Plastic Products Co. Ltd. China 51%
GPT Global Packaging Technology AB Sweden 100%
</TABLE>
<PAGE>
The following is a list of affiliates of Ball Corporation included in the
financial statements on the basis of equity accounting:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
State or Country
of Incorporation Percentage
Name or Organization Ownership (2)
<S> <C> <C>
EarthWatch Incorporated Colorado 48%
San Miguel Yamamura Ball Corp. Philippines 6%
Lam Soon-Ball Yamamura Taiwan 8%
Latapack-Ball Embalagens Ltda. Brazil 50%
Centrotampa Embalagens Ltda. Brazil 50%
Thai Beverage Can Ltd. Thailand 40%
The following are owned indirectly through FTB Packaging Limited:
Sanshui Jianlibao FTB Packaging Limited China 34%
Zhongshan Yedao Drinks Limited China 25%
Norinco-MCP (Hong Kong) Limited Hong Kong 22%
Guangzhou M.C. Packaging Limited China 15%
Maoming Norinco MCP Company Limited China 16%
Qindao M.C. Packaging Limited China 29%
Richmond Systempak Limited Hong Kong 24%
Shenzhen Norinco-MCP Company Limited China 22%
Beijing Shente Container Co. Ltd. China 16%
<FN>
(1) In accordance with Regulation S-K, Item 601(b)(22)(ii), the names of
certain subsidiaries have been omitted from the foregoing lists. The
unnamed subsidiaries, considered in the aggregate as a single subsidiary,
would not constitute a significant subsidiary, as defined in Regulation
S-X, Rule 1-02(v).
(2) Represents the Registrant's direct and/or indirect ownership in each of the
subsidiaries' voting capital share.
</FN>
</TABLE>
Exhibit 23.1
Consent of Independent Accountants
We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in each Prospectus
constituting part of each Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 on Form S-3 to Form
S-16 Registration Statement (Registration Nos. 2-62247 and 2-65638) and in
each Prospectus constituting part of each Form S-3 Registration Statement or
Post-Effective Amendment (Registration Nos. 33-3027, 33-16674, 33-19035,
33-40196 and 33-58741) and in each Form S-8 Registration Statement or
Post-Effective Amendment (Registration Nos. 33-21506, 33-40199, 33-37548,
33-28064, 33-15639, 33-61986, 33-51121, 333-26361 and 333-32393) of Ball
Corporation of our report dated January 28, 1998, except as to the note,
"Subsequent Event," which is as of February 4, 1998 in the 1997 Annual Report
to Shareholders which is incorporated by reference in the Annual Report on
Form 10-K.
/s/ PRICE WATERHOUSE LLP
Indianapolis, Indiana
March 31, 1998
Exhibit 24.1
Form 10-K
Limited Power of Attorney
KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS that the undersigned directors and
officers of Ball Corporation, an Indiana corporation, hereby constitute and
appoint R. David Hoover, Albert R. Schlesinger, and George A. Sissel, and any
one or all of them, the true and lawful agents and attorneys-in-fact of the
undersigned with full power and authority in said agents and
attorneys-in-fact, and in any one or more of them, to sign for the
undersigned and in their respective names as directors and officers of the
Corporation the Form 10-K of the Corporation to be filed with the Securities
and Exchange Commission, Washington, D.C., under the Securities Exchange Act
of 1934, as amended, and to sign any amendment to such Form 10-K, hereby
ratifying and confirming all acts taken by such agents and attorneys-in-fact
or any one of them, as herein authorized.
Date: March 31, 1998
------------------------
/s/ R. David Hoover /s/ Frank A. Bracken
- ------------------------------------- --------------------------------
R. David Hoover Officer Frank A. Bracken Director
/s/ Albert R. Schlesinger /s/ Howard M. Dean
- ------------------------------------- --------------------------------
Albert R. Schlesinger Officer Howard M. Dean Director
/s/ George A. Sissel /s/ John T. Hackett
- ------------------------------------- --------------------------------
George A. Sissel Officer John T. Hackett Director
/s/ R. David Hoover
--------------------------------
R. David Hoover Director
/s/ John F. Lehman
--------------------------------
John F. Lehman Director
/s/ George McFadden
--------------------------------
George McFadden Director
/s/ Ruel C. Mercure, Jr.
--------------------------------
Ruel C. Mercure, J Director
/s/ Jan Nicholson
--------------------------------
Jan Nicholson Director
/s/ George A. Sissel
--------------------------------
George A. Sissel Director
/s/ William P. Stiritz
--------------------------------
William P. Stiritz Director
<TABLE> <S> <C>
<ARTICLE> 5
<LEGEND>
Exhibit 27.1
BALL CORPORATION
FINANCIAL DATA SCHEDULE
THIS SCHEDULE CONTAINS SUMMARY FINANCIAL INFORMATION EXTRACTED FROM THE
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF INCOME FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1997 AND THE
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET AS OF DECEMBER 31, 1997 AND IS QUALIFIED IN ITS
ENTIRETY BY REFERENCE TO SUCH FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.
</LEGEND>
<MULTIPLIER> 1,000
<S> <C>
<PERIOD-TYPE> YEAR
<FISCAL-YEAR-END> DEC-31-1997
<PERIOD-END> DEC-31-1997
<CASH> 25,500
<SECURITIES> 0
<RECEIVABLES> 301,400
<ALLOWANCES> 0
<INVENTORY> 413,300
<CURRENT-ASSETS> 798,100
<PP&E> 1,556,100
<DEPRECIATION> 636,600
<TOTAL-ASSETS> 2,090,100
<CURRENT-LIABILITIES> 837,800
<BONDS> 366,100
0
22,900
<COMMON> 231,800
<OTHER-SE> 379,500
<TOTAL-LIABILITY-AND-EQUITY> 2,090,100
<SALES> 2,388,500
<TOTAL-REVENUES> 2,388,500
<CGS> 2,121,200
<TOTAL-COSTS> 2,121,200
<OTHER-EXPENSES> 0
<LOSS-PROVISION> 0
<INTEREST-EXPENSE> 53,500
<INCOME-PRETAX> 85,900
<INCOME-TAX> 32,000
<INCOME-CONTINUING> 58,300
<DISCONTINUED> 0
<EXTRAORDINARY> 0
<CHANGES> 0
<NET-INCOME> 58,300
<EPS-PRIMARY> 1.84
<EPS-DILUTED> 1.74
</TABLE>
Exhibit 99.2
SAFE HARBOR STATEMENT UNDER THE PRIVATE SECURITIES LITIGATION REFORM ACT OF 1995
In connection with the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities
Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (the Reform Act), Ball is hereby filing
cautionary statements identifying important factors that could cause Ball's
actual results to differ materially from those projected in forward-looking
statements of Ball. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations contains forward-looking statements, and
many of these statements are contained in Part I, Item 1, "Business," and
incorporated by reference in Item 7. The Reform Act defines forward-looking
statements as statements that express an expectation or belief and contain a
projection, plan or assumption with regard to, among other things, future
revenues, income, earnings per share or capital structure. Such statements of
future events or performance involve estimates, assumptions, and
uncertainties and are qualified in their entirety by reference to, and are
accompanied by, the following important factors that could cause Ball's
actual results to differ materially from those contained in forward-looking
statements made by or on behalf of Ball.
Some important factors that could cause Ball's actual results or outcomes to
differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements
include, but are not limited to, fluctuation in customer growth and demand,
weather, fuel costs and availability, regulatory action, Federal and State
legislation, interest rates, labor strikes, maintenance and capital
expenditures and local economic conditions. In addition, Ball's ability to
have available an appropriate amount of production capacity in a timely
manner can significantly impact Ball's financial performance. The timing of
deregulation and competition, product development and introductions and
technology changes are also important potential factors. Other important
factors include the following:
Difficulties in obtaining raw materials, supplies, power and natural
resources needed for the production of metal and plastic containers as well
as telecommunications and aerospace products could affect Ball's ability to
ship containers and telecommunications and aerospace products.
The pricing of raw materials, supplies, power and natural resources needed
for the production of metal and plastic containers as well as
telecommunications and aerospace products, pricing and ability to sell scrap
associated with the production of metal containers and the effect of changes
in the cost of warehousing the Company's products could adversely affect the
Company's financial performance.
Technological or market acceptance issues regarding the business of
EarthWatch, performance failures and related contracts or subcontracts, the
success or lack of success of the satellite launches and business of
EarthWatch, the failure of EarthWatch to receive additional financing needed
for EarthWatch to continue to make payments, or any events which would
require the Company to provide additional financial support for EarthWatch
Incorporated.
The inability to achieve technological advances in the Company's businesses.
Cancellation or termination of government contracts for the U.S. Government,
other customers or other government contractors.
The effects of, and changes in, laws, regulations, other activities of
governments (including political situations and inflationary economies),
agencies and similar organizations, including, but not limited to, those
effecting frequency, use and availability of metal and plastic containers,
the authorization and control over the availability of government contracts
and the nature and continuation of those contracts and the related services
provided thereunder, the use of remote sensing data and changes in domestic
and international tax laws could negatively impact the Company's financial
performance.
The effects of changes in the Company's organization or in the compensation
and/or benefit plans; any changes in agreements regarding investments or
joint ventures in which the Company has an investment; the ability of the
Company to acquire other businesses; the amount, type or cost of the
Company's financing and changes to that financing, could adversely impact
Ball's financial performance.
Risks involved in purchasing and selling products and services and receiving
payments in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. The devaluation of
international currencies and the ability to refinance M.C. Packaging and to
obtain adequate credit resources for foreseeable financing requirements of
the Company's businesses.
