As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 3, 1999
Registration No. 333 -
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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
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FORM S-8
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
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PSINET INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
New York 16-1353600
(State or other jurisdiction of (I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization) Identification No.)
/
510 Huntmar Park Drive, Herndon, Virginia 20170
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
EXECUTIVE STOCK INCENTIVE PLAN
STRATEGIC STOCK INCENTIVE PLAN
OPTION AGREEMENT BETWEEN REGISTRANT AND SUSAN DISESA
(Full title of the plans)
Kathleen B. Horne, Esq.
Senior Vice President and General Counsel
PSINet Inc.
510 Huntmar Park Drive, Herndon, Virginia 20170
(Name and address of agent for service)
(703) 904-4100
(Telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)
Facsimile No. (703) 375-1834
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Copy to:
Richard F. Langan, Jr. Esq.
Nixon Peabody LLP
437 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10022
Telephone No.: (212) 940-3140/Facsimile No.: (212) 940-3111
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CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE
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Proposed maximum Proposed maximum
Title of securities Amount to be offering price Aggregate offering Amount of
to be registered registered (1) per share (2) price (2) registration
fee(1)
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<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Common Stock, $.01 par value 7,509,825 shares $51.41 $385,575,000 $101,791.80
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(1) Represents (i) 4,000,000 shares issuable upon the exercise of
options granted or to be granted under the Executive Stock Incentive Plan, (ii)
3,500,000 shares issuable upon the exercise of options granted or to be granted
under the Strategic Stock Incentive Plan, (iii) 9,825 shares issuable upon the
exercise of options granted under the Susan DiSesa option agreement, and (iv)
pursuant to Rule 416(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, such indeterminate number
of shares as may be issued by reason of any stock split, stock dividend,
recapitalization or similar transaction effected without the receipt of
consideration which results in an increase in our number of outstanding shares
of common stock. The 9,825 shares issuable upon the exercise of the DiSesa
options and registered for resale were previously registered pursuant to our
Registration Statement on Form S-8 filed on July 14, 1999 (no. 333-82811) and
accordingly no fee is due at this time in respect of such shares.
(2) Estimated in accordance with Rule 457(c) under the Securities Act
of 1933 solely for the purpose of calculating the registration fee. The
computation is based upon the average of the high and low prices of our common
stock as reported on the Nasdaq Stock Market's National Market on November 26,
1999.
<PAGE>
PART I.
INFORMATION REQUIRED IN THE 10(a) PROSPECTUS
EXPLANATORY NOTE
At our Special Meeting of Shareholders held on September 28, 1999, our
shareholders approved amendments to our Executive Stock Incentive Plan and our
Strategic Stock Incentive Plan to increase the number of shares available for
issuance under each of the plans. This registration statement on Form S-8
relates to the registration of additional securities of the same class as other
securities of which our Registration Statement on Form S-8 filed on July 14,
1999 (No. 333-82811) is effective, consisting of up to 4,000,000 additional
shares of our common stock, par value $.01 per share, issuable pursuant to our
Executive Stock Incentive Plan and up to 3,500,000 additional shares of our
common stock issuable pursuant to our Strategic Stock Incentive Plan.
Accordingly, pursuant to Instruction E to SEC Form S-8, the contents of the
following earlier registration statements are incorporated herein by reference:
(1) Registration Statement on Form S-8, relating to our Executive Stock
Incentive Plan (No. 33-99464); and (2) Registration Statement on Form S-8,
relating to our Strategic Stock Incentive Plan (No. 33-99470) and (3)
Registration Statement on Form S-8 (No. 333-82811) are incorporated herein by
reference.
This registration statement also relates to 9,825 shares of our common
stock that may be issued to Susan DiSesa, upon the exercise of options granted
to her under an option agreement. The reoffer prospectus included herein is
intended to register for reoffer and/or resale 9,825 shares of our common stock
that may be issued to Ms. DiSesa upon the exercise of options granted to her
under an option agreement.
Information required to be contained in the Section 10(a) prospectus is
omitted from the registration statement in accordance with Rule 428 of the
Securities and Exchange Commission issued unde the Securities Act of 1933, as
amended and the Note to Part I of Form S-8.
<PAGE>
REOFFER PROSPECTUS
PSINET INC.
9,825 SHARES OF COMMON STOCK
This prospectus relates to the offering of up to 9,825 shares of our
common stock which may be sold from time to time in one or more transactions by
Susan DiSesa, a former consultant of one of our subsidiaries. Ms. DiSesa is also
referred to as the "Selling Shareholder." We will not receive any of the
proceeds from the sale of these shares.
The Selling Shareholder will sell the shares offered hereby at prices
which are current when the sales take place or at other prices upon which the
parties agree. The Selling Shareholder may or may not use brokers and dealers in
these transactions, but will pay brokerage fees or commissions, if relevant. We
will pay all of the expenses associated with the registration of the shares and
this prospectus.
Our common stock is listed for trading on the Nasdaq Stock Market's
National Market under the symbol "PSIX." On December 2, 1999, the last reported
sale price of our common stock was $55.875.
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INVESTMENT IN OUR COMMON STOCK INVOLVES RISK. SEE "RISK FACTORS"
BEGINNING ON PAGE 5 OF THIS PROSPECTUS.
NEITHER THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISION NOR ANY STATE SECURITIES
COMMISSION HAS APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED THESE SECURITIES, OR DETERMINED IF THIS
PROSPECTUS IS TRUTHFUL OR COMPLETE. ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS A
CRIMINAL OFFENSE.
--------------------------------------------
The date of this prospectus is December 3, 1999
<PAGE>
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
The Company....................................................................1
Risk Factors...................................................................5
Use of Proceeds...............................................................24
Selling Shareholder...........................................................24
Plan of Distribution..........................................................24
Legal Matters.................................................................24
Experts.......................................................................25
Documents Incorporated by Reference...........................................25
Where You Can Find More Information...........................................26
Disclosure of Commission Position on Indemnification
for Securities Act Liabilities................................................27
<PAGE>
PROSPECTUS
You should read the entire prospectus, especially the risks discussed
under "Risk Factors" beginning on page 5 of this prospectus, and the other
information incorporated by reference in this prospectus before making an
investment decision.
THE COMPANY
PSINet is a leading independent global provider of Internet and
eCommerce solutions to businesses. As an Internet Super Carrier, or ISC, we
offer global distribution of PSINet services through wholly-owned subsidiaries,
supported by local language customer service and a worldwide fiber optic network
capable of speeds of over three terabits. We define the elements of an ISC to
include:
* Multiple Internet and eCommerce hosting centers - We
currently have or are building Internet and eCommerce
hosting centers in key financial and business centers
around the world, including Amsterdam, Atlanta, Frankfurt,
Hong Kong, London, Los Angeles, New York, Paris, Sao
Paulo, Toronto, Tokyo and Washington, D.C.;
* Extensive global distribution - We have over 1,000 sales
personnel and over 2,500 value added resellers, or VARs,
systems integrators and Web design professionals in 22
countries throughout the world;
* Global brand name recognition - Our brand name is
increasingly recognized throughout the world for
Internet-protocol services and applications that meet the
needs of business customers, supported by local language
sales, provisioning and service; and
* Worldwide fiber network and related optronic equipment -
We operate on the largest global data communications
networks that enables or in the future is expected to
enable our customers to connect to the Internet and access
their corporate networks and systems resources from most
of the world's major business and population centers.
We currently provide Internet connectivity and Web hosting services to
customers in 90 of the 100 largest metropolitan statistical areas in the U.S.
and in 17 of the 20 largest global telecommunications markets and are currently
operating in 22 countries. In addition to these services, we also offer a suite
of value-added products and services that are designed to enable our customers
to maximize utilization of the Internet to more efficiently communicate with
their customers, suppliers, business partners and remote office locations. We
conduct our business through operations organized into four geographic operating
segments - U.S./Canada, Latin America, Europe and Asia/Pacific. Our services and
products include the following:
* Access services that offer dedicated, dial-up, wireless
and digital subscriber line, or DSL, connections that link
our customers' networks to the Internet;
* Web hosting services that provide cost-effective
solutions for the management and maintenance of our
customers' Web sites and Web-based applications;
<PAGE>
* Intraners and virtual private networks, or VPNs, that
allow our customers to provide secure and seamless wide
area networks, or WANs, connection their remote offices
and employees, customers and suppliers;
* eCommerce services designed to enable our customers to
securely transact business over the Internet;
* Voice-over Internet protocol services that enable
companies with multiple business locations to transmit
voice conversations over our network at a significant
savings to traditional long-distance calling;
* E-mail services that allow out customers to outsource to
us the day-to-day management and maintenance of their
internal message systems;
* Managed security services designed to protect, monitor and
maintain the integrity of our customers' networks; and
* Wholesale and private label network connectivity and
related services to other internet service providers,
known as ISPs, and telecommunications carriers to further
utilize our network capacity.
Based on our quarter ended September 30, 1999, we had annualized
revenues of $562.4 million, of which 70% consisted of access services, 7% of Web
and enhanced services, and 23% of wholesale services.
Our Global Network
We operate one of the largest global commercial data communications
networks. Our Internet-optimized network has a footprint that extends around the
globe and is connected to over 700 sites, called points of presence, or POPs,
situated throughout our geographic operating regions that enable our customers
to connect to the Internet. Our network reach allows our customers to access
their corporate network and systems resources through local calls in over 150
countries. Our network architecture consists of high capacity frame relay
switches and routers designed to deliver superior Internet connections, reliable
packet control and intelligent data traffic routing and is compatible with all
of the most widely deployed transmission technologies. We further expand the
reach of our network by connecting with other large ISPs at 163 points through
67 contractual arrangements, called peering agreements, that permit the exchange
of information between our network and the networks of our peering partners. As
part of our ISC strategy, we have opened four global Internet and eCommerce
hosting facilities in the U.S., Switzerland, Canada and the United Kingdom
containing a total of approximately 125,000 square feet. Most recently, in
October 1999 we opened Internet and eCommerce hosting facilities in New York
City and Amsterdam containing 13,000 and 17,000 square feet, respectively, and
currently anticipate opening an additional Internet and eCommerce hosting
facility in Los Angeles prior to the end of 1999, which will contain
approximately 42,000 square feet. We have two network operating centers that
monitor and manage network traffic 24-hours per day, seven-days per week.
Our Target Market and Customers
Internet access services is one of the fastest growing segments of the
global telecommunication services marketplace. For example, Gartner Group
forecasts that worldwide Internet access revenues will grow from $10.1 billion
in 1997 to $34.6 billion in 2002. Trends contributing to this growth in demand
include:
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* the increase in corporate Internet sites and connectivity
as a means to expand customer reach and improve
communications efficiency;
* business demand for advanced, highly reliable information
technology solutions designed specifically to enhance
productivity and improve efficiency;
* the need of businesses to securely and efficiently connect
multiple, geographically-dispersed locations and provide
global remote access capabilities; and
* business use of the Internet as a lower-cost alternative
to traditional telecommunications services.
Our target market consists primarily of mid-sized and large businesses
in information intensive industries. As of September 30, 1999, we served
approximately 79,900 business accounts, including 644 ISPs. Some of our
corporate customers include American Airlines, American Express Company,
Electronic Data Systems (EDS), Hewlett-Packard Company, Kmart Corp., Major
League Baseball, Motorola and Xerox Corporation. Some of our ISP customers
include EarthLink, FlashNet, IDT, Microsoft's WebTV and MindSpring.
Our Strategy
Our objective is to be one of the top three providers of Internet
access services and related communications services and products in each of the
20 largest global telecommunications markets. The principal elements of our
business strategy are summarized below:
* Leverage Multiple Sales Channels. We are pursuing growth
opportunities through multiple channels consisting of our
direct sales force of over 1,000 individuals worldwide,
over 2,500 resellers and eferral sources, and strategic
alliances with selected telecommunications services and
equipment suppliers, networking service companies, systems
integrators and computer retailers.
* Increase Sales of Value-Added Services and New Products.
We intend to capitalize on the trend of companies seeking
to increasingly outsource their critical business
applications and integrate Web-based services and products
as part of their core data networking strategy. We are
aggressively marketing value-added services and products
to our existing account base and prospective business
customers, and are significantly increasing our Internet
and eCommerce hosting center capacity to accommodate the
anticipated growth in this business.
* Accelerate Growth Through Targeted Acquisitions. We intend
to continue to make strategic investments in or acquire:
* local or regional ISPs in markets where we have
an established POP and can benefit from the
increased net work utilization and local sales
force;
* ISPs in the 20 largest global telecommunications
markets where we currently do not have a presence
or in those global telecommunications markets
where our current presence would be significantly
enhanced;
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<PAGE>
* related or complementary businesses, such as our
acquisition of Transaction Network Services,
Inc., which we refer to as TNI, to broaden our
market presence and expand our strengths in key
product areas; and
* telecommunication or information technology
companies which have strong relationships with
major corporations.
* Continue to Invest in our Network. We remain focused on
reducing costs as a percentage of revenue by maintaining a
scaleable network and increasing utilization of and
controlling strategic assets, such as acquisition of
long-term rights in telecommunications bandwidth.
* Enhance Brand Name Recognition. We intend to continue to
leverage our PSINet brand by rebranding acquired ISP
operations and services under the PSINet name, selectively
using television commercials, print ads and direct
mailings which target key decision makers in the U.S. and
abroad, and acquiring corporate sponsorship rights, such
as our acquisition of the naming rights to the NFL Stadium
of the Baltimore Ravens.
Recent Developments
Acquisition of Transaction Network Services. On November 23, 1999, we
acquired Transaction Network Services, Inc., which we refer to as TNI. TNI is a
leading worldwide provider of eCommerce data communications and transports more
than 19 million point of sale/point of service, which we refer to as POS,
transactions daily. We anticipate that our acquisition of TNI will strengthen
our position as a leading provider of global Internet and eCommerce solutions to
businesses. The aggregate consideration to be paid to TNI shareholders consists
of approximately $340.8 million in cash and approximately 7.6 million shares of
PSINet common stock, which represents an aggregate value of approximately $687.0
million, assuming a price per share of PSINet common stock of $45.719. In
addition, we assumed approximately 463,000 common stock options of TNI
representing an agregate value of approximately $13.0 million. Additionally,
principal and interest outstanding under TNI's revolving credit facility, in the
amount of $52.1 million, were repaid as a condition to closing. The source of
the cash consideration for the TNI merger will be, and the cash for repayment of
the TNI revolving credit facility obligation was, from cash on hand. TNI
shareholders have elected to receive cash, shares of our stock, or both cash and
stock, subject to certain adjustments.
TNI currently operates four divisions:
- the point-of-sale/point-of-service, or POS, Division, which
includes TNI's TransXpress network services for the POS
transaction processing industry;
- the Telecom Services Division, which includes TNI's
CARD*TEL telephone call billing validation and fraud control
services and other services targeting primarily the
telecommunications industry;
- the Financial Services Division, which provides integrated
data and voice services including the TNI FastLink Data
Service in support of the Financial Information eXchange
messaging protocol and other transaction oriented trading
applications primarily to the financial services industry;
and
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<PAGE>
- the International Systems Division, which markets TNI's
products and services internationally.
Unaudited pro forma consolidated financial information for PSINet as of
September 30, 1999 and for the year ended December 31, 1998 and for the nine
months ended September 30, 1999, which present the pro forma effect of our
acquisition of TNI and certain other acquisitions, is incorporated by reference
in this prospectus from Exhibit 99.1 of the Company's Form 8-K interim report
dated as of November 23, 1999 and filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on December 1, 1999.
We are a New York corporation and our principal executive offices are
located at 510 Huntmar Park Drive, Herndon, Virginia 20170. Our telephone number
is (703) 904-4100.
Additional information concerning us is incorporated by reference in
this prospectus. See "Documents Incorporated by Reference" and "Where You Can
Find More Information."
RISK FACTORS
Before you invest in our securities, you should be aware that there are
various risks associated with us and our business discussed below and in our
other periodic reports and documents filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange
Commission. You should carefully consider these risk factors, as well as the
other information contained in this prospectus, in evaluating an investment in
our securities.
We have significant indebtedness and we may not be able to meet our obligations
We are highly leveraged and have significant debt service requirements.
As of September 30, 1999, after giving pro forma effect to our recent offering
of $600 million 10 1/2% senior notes and euro 150 million 10 1/2% senior notes,
and the application of the net proceeds from that offering, our total
indebtedness would have been $3.2 billion, representing approximately 80% of
total capitalization. Our annual interest expense on our senior notes will be
$323.7 million, assuming, with respect to the euro denominated senior notes, an
exchange rate of 0.93 to U.S. $1.00, which was the average exchange rate for the
period from January 1 to September 30, 1999. We will have additional interest
expense attributable to our revolving credit facility and other debt and
equipment lease arrangements.
Our high level of indebtedness could have several important effects on
our future operations, which, in turn, could have important consequences for the
holders of our securities, including the following:
* a substantial portion of our cash flow from operations must be
used to pay interest on our indebtedness and, therefore, will not be
available for other business purposes;
* covenants contained in the agreements evidencing our debt
obligations require us to meet many financial tests, and other
restrictions limit our ability to borrow additional funds or to
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<PAGE>
dispose of assets and may affect our flexibility in planning for,
and reacting to, changes in our business, including possible
acquisition activities and capital expenditures; and
* our ability to obtain additional financing in the future for
working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions, general
corporate purposes or other purposes may be impaired.
Our ability to meet our debt service obligations and to reduce our
total indebtedness depends on our future operating performance and on economic,
financial, competitive, regulatory and other factors affecting our operations.
Many of these factors are beyond our control and our future operating
performance could be adversely affected by some or all of these factors. We
historically have been unable to generate sufficient cash flow from operations
to meet our operating needs and have relied on equity, debt and capital lease
financings to fund our operations. However, based on our current level of
operations, management believes that existing working capital, existing credit
facilities, capital lease financings and proceeds of future equity or debt
financings (including, without limitation, from this offering) will be adequate
to meet our presently anticipated future requirements for working capital,
capital expenditures and scheduled payments of interest on our debt. We cannot
assure you, however, that our business will generate sufficient cash flow from
operations or that future working capital borrowings will be available in an
amount sufficient to enable us to service our debt or to make necessary capital
expenditures. In addition, we cannot assure you that we will be able to raise
additional capital for any refinancing of our debt in the future.
We have experienced continuing losses, negative cash flow and fluctuations in
operating results
Our prospects must be considered in light of the risks, expenses and
difficulties frequently encountered by companies in new and rapidly evolving
markets. To address these risks, we must, among other things, respond to
competitive developments, continue to attract and retain qualified persons,
continue to upgrade our management and financial systems, and continue to
upgrade our technologies and commercialize our network services incorporating
such technologies. We cannot assure you that we will be successful in addressing
such risks, and the failure to do so could have a material adverse effect on our
business, financial condition, results of operations and ability to pay when due
principal, interest and other amounts on our debt. Although we have experienced
revenue growth on an annual basis with revenue increasing from $84.4 million in
1996 to $121.9 million in 1997, to $259.6 million in 1998, and to $369.3 million
for the nine months ended September 30, 1999, we have incurred losses and
experienced negative EBITDA during each of those periods. We may continue to
operate at a net loss and may experience negative EBITDA as we continue our
acquisition program and the expansion of our global network operations. We have
incurred net losses available to common shareholders of $55.1 million, $46.0
million, $264.9 million and $208.9 million, and have incurred negative EBITDA of
$28.0 million, $21.2 million, $42.1 million and $6.0 million for each of the
years ended December 31, 1996, 1997 and 1998 and for the nine months ended
September 30, 1999, respectively. During the nine months ended September 30,
1999, on a pro forma basis after giving effect to our acquisition of TNI, the
TAS Acquisition and the Other Acquisitions, we would have incurred a net loss
available to common shareholders of $240.8 million and positive EBITDA of $30.9
million. At September 30, 1999, on a pro forma basis after giving effect to our
acquisition of TNI, we would have had an accumulated deficit of $671.5 million.
We cannot assure you that we will be able to achieve or sustain profitability or
positive EBITDA.
Our operating results have fluctuated in the past and may fluctuate
significantly in the future as a result of a variety of factors, some of which
are outside our control. These factors, include, among others:
* general economic conditions and specific economic conditions in
the Internet access industry;
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* user demand for Internet services;
* capital expenditures and other costs relating to the expansion of
operations of our network;
* the introduction of new services by us or our competitors;
* the mix of services sold and the mix of channels through which
those services are sold;
* pricing changes and new product introductions by us and our
competitors;
* delays in obtaining sufficient supplies of sole or limited source
equipment and telecom facilities; and
* potential adverse legislative and regulatory developments.
As a strategic response to a changing competitive environment, we may
elect from time to time to make pricing, service or marketing decisions that
could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and
cash flow.
We will depend on the cash flows of our subsidiaries in order to satisfy our
obligations
We are an operating entity which also conducts a significant portion of
our business through our subsidiaries. Our operating cash flow and consequently
our ability to service our debt is therefore partially dependent upon our
subsidiaries' earnings and their distributions of those earnings to us. It may
also be dependent upon loans, advances or other payments of funds to us by those
subsidiaries. Our subsidiaries are separate legal entities and have no
obligation, contingent or otherwise, to pay any amount due pursuant to our
senior notes or to make any funds available for that purpose. Our subsidiaries'
ability to make payments may be subject to the availability of sufficient
surplus funds, the terms of such subsidiaries' indebtedness, applicable laws and
other factors.
We may not be able to fund the expansion we will need to remain competitive
In order to maintain our competitive position, enhance our capabilities
as an Internet Super Carrier and continue to meet the increasing demands for
service quality, availability and competitive pricing, we expect to make
significant capital expenditures. At November 18, 1999, we were obligated to
make future cash payments that total $491.0 million for acquisitions of global
fiber-based and satellite telecommunications bandwidth, including IRUs or other
rights. In addition, if a supplier makes delivery of certain additional
fiber-based bandwidth, which is expected in 2001, we will be committed to make
cash payments at that time of between $120.0 million and $180.0 million, the
actual price to depend on the timing of delivery of the additional bandwidth. We
also expect that there will be additional costs, such as connectivity and
equipment charges, in connection with taking full advantage of such acquired
bandwidth and IRUs. Certain of this fiber-based and satellite telecommunications
bandwidth may require the acquisition and installation of equipment necessary to
access and light the bandwidth in order to make it operational. At November 18,
1999, we were obligated to make capital expenditures for such equipment of
$242.0 million. In addition, we were obligated to make expenditures in
connection with our build-out of new Internet and eCommerce hosting centers in
key financial and business centers throughout the world and the purchase of
other facilities of approximately $61.8 million at November 18, 1999. As a
result of the foregoing, we currently believe that our capital expenditures in
1999 will be substantially greater than those in 1998, and that, as a result of
our completion of our recent debt and equity offerings, our capital expenditure
program will be accelerated. This may occur as we continue to execute our
expansion strategy in the 20 largest global telecommunications markets and
beyond.
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<PAGE>
We historically have been unable to generate sufficient cash flow from
operations to meet our operating needs and have relied on equity, debt and
capital lease financings to fund our operations. However, we believe that we
will have a reasonable degree of flexibility to adjust the amount and timing of
capital expenditures in response to market conditions, competition, our then
existing financing capabilities, competition and other factors. We also believe
that working capital generated from the use of acquired bandwidth, together with
other existing working capital from existing credit facilities, from capital
lease financings, from the proceeds of our recent debt and equity offerings and
from future equity or debt financings will be sufficient to meet the presently
anticipated working capital and capital expenditure requirements of our
operations. We cannot assure you, however, that we will have sufficient
additional capital and/or obtain financing on satisfactory terms to enable us to
meet our capital expenditures and working capital requirements.
We may need to raise additional funds in order to take advantage of
unanticipated opportunities, more rapid international expansion or acquisitions
of complementary businesses. In addition, we may need to raise additional funds
to develop new products or otherwise respond to changing business conditions or
unanticipated competitive pressures. We cannot assure you that we will be able
to raise such funds on favorable terms. In the event that we are unable to
obtain such additional funds on acceptable terms, we may determine not to enter
into various expansion opportunities.
We face risks associated with acquisitions and strategic alliances and
investments relating to difficulties in integrating combined operations,
incurrence of additional debt to finance acquisitions and operations of acquired
businesses, potential disruption of operations and related negative impact on
earnings, and incurrence of substantial expenses that could adversely affect our
financial condition.
Growth through acquisitions represents a principal component of our
business strategy. We acquired 54 ISPs and related businesses from January 1,
1998 through November 23, 1999, which gave us a presence in 17 of the 20 largest
global telecommunications markets. We expect to continue to acquire assets and
businesses principally relating to or complementary to our current operations.
We may also seek to develop strategic alliances and investments (including
venture capital investments) both domestically and internationally. Any such
future acquisitions or strategic alliances and investments would be accompanied
by the risks commonly encountered in acquisitions, strategic alliances or
investments. Such risks include, among other things:
* the difficulty of integrating the operations and personnel of the
companies, particularly in non-U.S. markets;
* the potential disruption of our ongoing business;
* the inability of management to maximize our financial and strategic
position by the successful incorporation of licensed or acquired
technology and rights into our service offerings; and
* the inability to maintain uniform standards, controls, procedures
and policies and the impairment of relationships with employees and
customers as a result of changes in management.
We cannot assure you that we will be successful in overcoming these
risks or any other problems encountered in connection with such acquisitions,
strategic alliances or investments. We believe that after eliminating redundant
network architecture and administrative functions and taking other actions to
integrate the operations of acquired companies we will be able to realize cost
savings. However, although we have assembled teams for integration of businesses
acquired by us, we cannot assure you that our
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<PAGE>
integration of acquired companies'operations will be successfully accomplished.
Our ongoing integration actions and other steps aimed at reducing our cost
structure may lead to charges or to adjustments to the depreciable lives of our
assets. Our inability to improve the operating performance of acquired
companies' businesses or to integrate successfully the operations of acquired
companies could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial
condition and results of operations. In addition, as we proceed with
acquisitions in which the consideration consists of cash, a substantial portion
of our available cash will be used to consummate such acquisitions.
As with each of our recent acquisitions, the purchase price of many of
the businesses that might become attractive acquisition candidates for us likely
will significantly exceed the fair values of the net assets of the acquired
businesses. As a result, material goodwill and other intangible assets would be
required to be recorded which would result in significant amortization charges
in future periods. In addition, an intangible asset that frequently arises in
connection with the acquisition of a technology company is "acquired in-process
research and development," which under U.S. accounting standards, as presently
in effect, must be expensed immediately upon acquisition. Such expenses, in
addition to the financial impact of such acquisitions, could have a material
adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations
and could cause substantial fluctuations in our quarterly and yearly operating
results. Furthermore, in connection with acquisitions or strategic alliances, we
could incur substantial expenses, including the expenses of integrating the
business of the acquired company or the strategic alliance with our existing
business.
We expect that competition for appropriate acquisition candidates may
be significant. We may compete with other telecommunications companies with
similar acquisition strategies, many of which may be larger and have greater
financial and other resources than we have. Competition for Internet companies
is based on a number of factors including price, terms and conditions, size and
access to capital, ability to offer cash, stock or other forms of consideration
and other matters. We cannot assure you that we will be able to successfully
identify and acquire suitable companies on acceptable terms and conditions.
Our growth and expansion may strain our ability to manage our operations and
our financial resources
Our rapid growth has placed a strain on our administrative, operational
and financial resources and has increased demands on our systems and controls.
We have over 700 points-of-presence and we plan to continue to expand the
capacity of existing points-of-presence as customer-driven demand dictates. In
addition, we have completed a number of acquisitions of companies and
telecommunications bandwidth during 1998 and 1999 and plan to continue to do so.
We anticipate that we may be required to continue enhancements to and expand our
network. The process of consolidating the businesses and implementing the
strategic integration of these acquired businesses with our existing business
may take a significant amount of time. It may also place additional strain on
our resources and could subject us to additional expenses. We cannot assure you
that we will be able to integrate these companies successfully or in a timely
manner. In addition, we cannot assure you that our existing operating and
financial control systems and infrastructure will be adequate to maintain and
effectively monitor future growth.
Our continued growth may also increase our need for qualified
personnel. We cannot assure you that we will be successful in attracting,
integrating and retaining such personnel. The following risks, associated with
our growth, could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of
operations and financial condition:
* our inability to continue to upgrade our networking systems or our
operating and financial control systems;
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* our inability to recruit and hire necessary personnel or to
successfully integrate new personnel into our operations;
* our inability to successfully integrate the operations of acquired
companies or to manage our growth effectively; or
* our inability to adequately respond to the emergence of unexpected
expansion difficulties.
We face risks associated with our acquisitions of bandwidth from
network suppliers relating to our dependence on their ability to satisfy their
obligations to us, the possibility that we may need to incur significant
expenses to utilize bandwidth and their ability to build out their networks
under construction that could adversely affect our ability to utilize acquired
bandwidth
We are subject to a variety of risks relating to our recent
acquisitions of fiber-based and satellite telecommunications bandwidth from our
various global network suppliers and the delivery, operation and maintenance of
such bandwidth. Such risks include, among other things, the following:
* the risk that financial, legal, technical and/or other matters may
adversely affect such suppliers' ability to perform their respective
operation, maintenance and other services relating to such
bandwidth, which may adversely affect our use of such bandwidth;
* the risk that we will not have access to sufficient additional
capital and/or financing on satisfactory terms to enable us to make
the necessary capital expenditures to take full advantage of such
bandwidth;
* the risk that such suppliers may not continue to have the necessary
financial resources to enable them to complete, or may otherwise
elect not to complete, their contemplated buildout of their
respective fiber optic telecommunications systems; and
* the risk that such buildout may be delayed or otherwise adversely
affected by presently unforeseeable legal, technical and/or other
factors.
We cannot assure you that we will be successful in overcoming these
risks or any other problems encountered in connection with our acquisitions of
bandwidth.
Continued international expansion is a key component of our business strategy
and, if we are unable to complete this expansion, our financial condition may be
adversely affected
A key component of our business strategy is our continued expansion
into international markets. Revenue from our non-U.S. operations continues to
increase as a percentage of consolidated results, comprising 53% of revenue in
the third quarter of 1999. By comparison, our non-U.S. operations comprised 40%
for all of 1998. As a result of our acquisition of TNI, our revenue mix may
change again in 2000. We may need to enter into joint ventures or other
strategic relationships with one or more third parties in order to conduct our
foreign operations successfully. However, we cannot assure you that we will be
able to obtain the permits and operating licenses required for us to operate, to
hire and train employees or to market, sell and deliver high quality services in
these markets. In addition to the uncertainty as to our ability to continue to
expand our international presence, there are risks inherent in doing business on
an international level. Such risks include:
* unexpected changes in or delays resulting from foreign laws,
regulatory requirements, tariffs, customs, duties and other trade
barriers;
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* difficulties in staffing and managing foreign operations;
* longer payment cycles and problems in collecting accounts
receivable;
* fluctuations in currency exchange rates and foreign exchange
controls which restrict or prohibit repatriation of funds;
* technology export and import restrictions or prohibitions;
* delays from customs brokers or government agencies;
* seasonal reductions in business activity during the summer months in
Europe and other parts of the world; and
* potentially adverse tax consequences, which could adversely impact
the success of our international operations.
We cannot assure you that such factors will not have an adverse effect
on our future international operations and, consequently, on our business,
financial condition and results of operations. In addition, we cannot assure you
that laws or administrative practice relating to taxation, foreign exchange,
foreign ownership or other matters of countries within which we operate will not
change. Any such change could have a material adverse effect on our business,
financial condition and results of operations.
Asian-Pacific and Latin American countries in which we operate have
experienced economic difficulties and uncertainties during the past few years.
These economic difficulties and uncertainties could have a material adverse
effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Our financial results and our financial position may be adversely affected by
currency and exchange risks
During the year ended December 31, 1998 and the nine months ended
September 30, 1999, 40% and 52%, respectively, of our revenue was derived from
operations outside of the United States and at September 30, 1999 27% of our
assets were in operations outside of the United States. During the year ended
December 31, 1998 and the nine months ended September 30, 1999, on a pro forma
basis after giving effect to our acquisition of TNI, the TAS Acquisition and the
Other Acquisitions, 39% and 41%, of our revenue, respectively would have been
derived from operations outside the United States and at September 30, 1999, on
a pro forma basis after giving effect to our acquisition of TNI, 25% of our
assets would have been in operations outside of the United States. We anticipate
that a significant percentage of our future revenue and operating expenses will
continue to be generated from operations outside the United States and we expect
to continue to invest in non-U.S. businesses. Consequently, a substantial
portion of our revenue, operating expenses, assets and liabilities will be
subject to significant foreign currency and exchange risks. Obligations of
customers and of PSINet in foreign currencies will be subject to unpredictable
and indeterminate fluctuations in the event that such currencies change in value
relative to U.S. dollars. Furthermore, those customers and PSINet may be subject
to exchange control regulations which might restrict or prohibit the conversion
of such currencies into U.S. dollars. Although we have not entered into hedging
transactions to limit our foreign currency risks, as a result of the increase in
our foreign operations and our recent issuance of euro-denominated senior notes,
we may implement such practices in the future. We cannot assure you that the
occurrence of any of these factors will not have a material adverse effect on
our business, financial position or results of operations.
We depend on key personnel and could be affected by the loss of their services
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Competition for qualified employees and personnel in the Internet
services industry is intense and there are a limited number of persons with
knowledge of and experience in the Internet service industry. The process of
locating such personnel with the combination of skills and attributes required
to carry out our strategies is often lengthy. Our success depends to a
significant degree upon our ability to attract and retain qualified management,
technical, marketing and sales personnel and upon the continued contributions of
such management and personnel. In particular, our success is highly dependent
upon the personal abilities of our senior executive management, including
William L. Schrader, our Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer and
the founder of PSINet, Harold S. `Pete' Wills, our President and Chief Operating
Officer, and Edward D. Postal, our Executive Vice President and Chief Financial
Officer. We have employment agreements with each of these senior executive
officers. The loss of the services of any one of them could have a material
adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.
We depend on suppliers and could be affected by changes in suppliers or delays
in delivery of their products and services
We have few long-term contracts with our suppliers. We are dependent on
third party suppliers for our leased-line connections or bandwidth. Some of
these suppliers are or may become competitors of ours, and such suppliers are
not subject to any contractual restrictions upon their ability to compete with
us. If these suppliers change their pricing structures, we may be adversely
affected. Moreover, any failure or delay on the part of our network providers to
deliver bandwidth to us or to provide operations, maintenance and other services
with respect to such bandwidth in a timely or adequate fashion could adversely
affect us.
We are also dependent on third party suppliers of hardware components.
Although we attempt to maintain a minimum of two vendors for each required
product, some components used by us in providing our networking services are
currently acquired or available from only one source. We have from time to time
experienced delays in the receipt of hardware components and telecommunications
facilities, including delays in delivery of Primary Rate Interface, or PRI,
telecommunications facilities, which connect dial-up customers to our network. A
failure by a supplier to deliver quality products on a timely basis, or the
inability to develop alternative sources if and as required, could result in
delays which could have a material adverse effect on us. Our remedies against
suppliers who fail to deliver products on a timely basis are limited by
contractual liability limitations contained in supply agreements and purchase
orders and, in many cases, by practical considerations relating to our desire to
maintain good relationships with the suppliers. As our suppliers revise and
upgrade their equipment technology, we may encounter difficulties in integrating
the new technology into our network.
Many of the vendors from whom we purchase telecommunications bandwidth,
including the regional bell operating companies, competitive local exchange
carriers and other local exchange carriers, currently are subject to tariff
controls and other price constraints which in the future may be changed. In
addition, recently enacted legislation will produce changes in the market for
telecommunications services. These changes may affect the prices which we are
charged by the regional bell operating companies and other carriers, which could
have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results
of operations. Moreover, we are subject to the effects of other potential
regulatory actions which, if taken, could increase the cost of our
telecommunications bandwidth through, for example, the imposition of access
charges.
The terms of our financing arrangements may restrict our operations
Our financing arrangements with our banks and equipment lessors are
secured by substantially all of our assets and stock of some of our
subsidiaries. These financing arrangements require that we satisfy
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many financial covenants. Our ability to satisfy these financial covenants may
be affected by events beyond our control and, as a result, we cannot assure you
that we will be able to continue to satisfy such covenants. These financing
arrangements also currently prohibit us from paying dividends and repurchasing
our capital stock without the lender's consent. Our failure to comply with the
covenants and restrictions in these financing arrangements could lead to a
default under the terms of these agreements. In the event of a default under the
financing arrangements, our lenders would be entitled to accelerate the
indebtedness outstanding thereunder and foreclose upon the assets securing such
indebtedness. They would also be entitled to be repaid from the proceeds of the
liquidation of those assets before the assets would be available for
distribution to the holders of our securities, including the holders of our
senior notes. In addition, the collateral security arrangements under our
existing financing arrangements may adversely affect our ability to obtain
additional borrowings.
Our financial condition may be adversely affected if our systems and those of
our suppliers fail because of Year 2000 problems
The commonly referred to Year 2000, or Y2K, problem results from the
fact that many existing computer programs and systems use only two digits to
identify the year in the date field. These programs were designed and developed
without considering the impact of a change in the century designation. If not
corrected, computer applications that use a two-digit format could fail or
create erroneous results in any computer calculation or other processing
involving the Year 2000 or a later date. We have identified two main areas of
Y2K risk:
1. Internal computer systems or embedded chips could be disrupted or
fail, causing an interruption or decrease in productivity in our
operations; and
2. Computer systems or embedded chips of third parties including,
without limitation, financial institutions, suppliers, vendors,
landlords, customers, international suppliers of telecommunications
services and others, could be disrupted or fail, causing an
interruption or decrease in our ability to continue our operations.
We developed detailed plans for implementing, testing and completing
any necessary modifications to our key computer systems and equipment with
embedded chips to ensure that they are Y2K compliant. A third party consultant
performed an assessment of our U.S. internal systems (e.g., accounting, billing,
customer support and network operations) to determine the status of their Y2K
compliance. The assessment recommended that we make some minor changes. We
believe that no material changes or modifications to our internal systems are
required to achieve Y2K compliance. We have developed a test bed of our U.S.
internal systems to implement and complete testing of the requisite minor
changes. We believe that our U.S. internal systems are presently Y2K ready. We
have completed an inventory of our internal systems that we use outside of the
United States to determine the status of their Y2K compliance. Each
international office has plans in place to upgrade or, if necessary, replace
components of its internal systems to ensure they are Y2K compliant. We
anticipate that our international operations, excluding businesses acquired in
the fourth quarter and for which we will not have completed full Y2K reviews,
will be Y2K compliant during the fourth quarter of 1999. To help ensure that our
network operations and services to our customers are not interrupted due to the
Y2K problem, we have established a network operations team. This team of
operational staff have conducted inventories of our network equipment (software
and hardware) and have found no material Y2K compliance issues. We believe that
all equipment currently being purchased for use in the PSINet network is Y2K
compliant. Any existing equipment that is not Y2K compliant is in the process of
being made Y2K compliant through minor changes to the software or hardware or,
in limited instances, replacement of the equipment. We believe that our network
is presently Y2K compliant. In addition to administering the implementation of
necessary upgrades for Y2K compliance, our network team is developing a
contingency plan to address
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any potential problems that may occur with our network as we enter the year
2000. We believe that, as a result of our detailed assessment and completed
modifications, the Y2K issue will not pose significant operational problems for
us. However, if the requisite modifications and conversions are not made, or not
completed in a timely fashion, it is possible that the Y2K problem could have a
material impact on our operations.
We have, and will continue to require, Y2K disclosures from all
companies that we acquire in the fourth quarter of 1999. We believe that, as a
result of due diligence performed and information gathered, the effect of the
Y2K issues on the companies we acquire will not in the aggregate have a material
impact on our operations. However, if such Y2K disclosures are not accurate or
complete or required remediation acts are not taken by the acquired companies in
a timely manner, it is possible that the Y2K problem could have a material
impact on those acquired companies and possibly our overall operations.
Our cost of addressing Y2K issues has been minor to date, less than 5%
of our information technology and network operations budgets, but this amount
may increase if additional outside consultants or personnel resources are
required or if important operational equipment must be remediated or replaced.
Our estimated total costs related to Y2K issues for 1999 is not expected to
exceed $2.0 million. These costs include equipment, consulting fees, software
and hardware upgrades, testing, remediation and, in limited instances,
replacement of equipment. The risk that Y2K issues could present to us include,
without limitation, disruption, delay or cessation of operations, including
operations that are subject to regulatory compliance. In each case, the
correction of the problem could result in substantial expense and disruption or
delay of our operations. The total cost of Y2K assessments and remediation is
funded through cash on hand and available from other sources and we are
expensing these costs, as appropriate. The financial impact of making all
required systems changes or other remediation efforts cannot be known precisely,
but it is not expected to be material to our financial position, results of
operations, or cash flows. We have not canceled any principal information
technology projects as a result of our Y2K effort, although we have rescheduled
some internal tasks to accommodate this effort.
In addition, we have identified, prioritized and are communicating with
our suppliers, vendors, customers, lenders and other material third parties to
determine their Y2K status and any probable impact on us. To date, our inquiries
have not revealed any significant Y2K noncompliance issue affecting our material
third parties. We will continue to monitor and evaluate our long-term
relationships with our material third parties based on their responses to our
inquiries and on information learned from other sources. If any of our material
third parties are not Y2K ready and their non-compliance causes a material
disruption to any of their respective businesses, our business could be
materially adversely affected. Disruptions could include, among other things:
* the failure of a material third party's business;
* a financial institution's inability to take and transfer funds;
* an interruption in delivery of supplies from vendors;
* a loss of voice and data connections;
* a loss of power to our facilities; and
* other interruptions in the normal course of our operations, the
nature and extent of which we cannot foresee.
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We will continue to evaluate the nature of these risks, but at this
time we are unable to determine the probability that any such risk will occur,
or if it does occur, what the nature, length or other effects, if any, it may
have on us. If any of our material third parties experience significant failures
in their computer systems or operations due to Y2K non-compliance, it could
affect our ability to process transactions or otherwise engage in similar normal
business activities. For example, while we expect our internal systems, U.S. and
non-U.S., to be Y2K ready in stages during 1999, we and our customers who
communicate internationally will be dependent upon the Y2K-readiness of many
non-U.S. providers of telecommunication services and their vendors and
suppliers. If these providers and others are not Y2K ready, we and our customers
will not be able to send and receive data and other electronic transmissions,
which would have a material adverse effect on our revenues and business and that
of our customers. While many of these risks are outside our control, we have
identified and contacted our critical third party vendors and suppliers and are
establishing contingency plans to remedy any potential interruption to our
operations.
While we believe that we are adequately addressing the Y2K issue, we
cannot assure you that our Y2K compliance effort will prevent every potential
interruption or that the cost and liabilities associated with the Y2K issue will
not materially adversely impact our business, prospects, revenues or financial
position. We are uncertain as to our most reasonably likely worst case Y2K
scenario and, although we have completed a contingency plan to handle reasonably
forseeable interruptions resulting from the Y2K problem, we cannot assure you
that our contingency plan will be capable of adequately addressing every
potential problem that may occur.
If we become subject to provisions of the Investment Company Act, our business
operations may be restricted
We have significant amounts of cash and, pending our utilization of all
the net proceeds from our recent debt and equity offerings, will have an even
greater amount of cash invested in short term investment grade and government
securities, which investments could conceivably subject us to the provisions of
the Investment Company Act of 1940. We do not propose to engage in investment
activities in a manner or to an extent which would require us to register as an
investment company under the Investment Act of 1940. The Investment Company Act
of 1940 places restrictions on the capital structure and business activities of
companies registered thereunder.
Accordingly, we will seek to limit our holding of `investment
securities' (as defined in such Act) to an amount which is less than 40% of the
value of our total assets as calculated pursuant to the Investment Company Act
of 1940. The Investment Company Act of 1940 permits a company to avoid becoming
subject to such Act for a period of up to one year despite the holding of
investment securities in excess of such amount if, among other things, its board
of directors has adopted a resolution which states that it is not the company's
intention to become an investment company. Our Board of Directors has adopted
such a resolution that would become effective in the event we are deemed to fall
within the definition of an investment company. Application of the provisions of
the Investment Company Act of 1940 would have a material adverse effect on us.
We face a high level of competition in the Internet services industry
The market for Internet connectivity and related services is extremely
competitive. We anticipate that competition will continue to intensify as the
use of the Internet grows. The tremendous growth and potential market size of
the Internet access market has attracted many new start-ups as well as
established businesses from different industries.
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Our current and prospective competitors include other national,
regional and local ISPs, long distance and local exchange telecommunications
companies, cable television, direct broadcast satellite, wireless communications
providers and on-line service providers. We believe that our network, products
and customer service distinguish us from these competitors. However, some of
these competitors have significantly greater market presence, brand recognition
and financial, technical and personnel resources than we do.
We compete with all of the major long distance companies, also known as
interexchange carriers, including AT&T, MCIWorldCom, Sprint and Cable &
Wireless/IMCI, which also offer Internet access services. The recent sweeping
reforms in the federal regulation of the telecommunications industry have
created greater opportunities for local exchange carriers, including the
regional Bell operating companies, to enter the Internet connectivity market. We
believe that there is a move toward horizontal integration through acquisitions
of, joint ventures with, and the wholesale purchase of connectivity from ISPs to
address the Internet connectivity requirements of the current business customers
of long distance and local carriers. The WorldCom/MFS/UUNet consolidation, the
WorldCom/MCI merger, the ICG/NETCOM merger, Cable & Wireless' purchase of the
internetMCI assets, the Intermedia/DIGEX merger, GTE's acquisition of BBN,
Global Crossing's plans to acquire Frontier Corp. and Frontier's prior
acquisition of Global Center, Qwest Communication's plans to acquire US West,
AT&T's purchase of IBM's global communications network and MCIWorldCom's
recently announced plans to merge with Sprint are indicative of this trend.
Accordingly, we expect to experience increased competition from the traditional
telecommunications carriers. Many of these telecommunications carriers may have
the ability to bundle Internet access with basic local and long distance
telecommunications services. This bundling of services may have an adverse
effect on our ability to compete effectively with the telecommunications
providers and may result in pricing pressure on us that could have a material
adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Many of the major cable companies have announced that they have begun
offering, or are exploring the possibility of offering Internet connectivity,
relying on the viability of cable modems and economical upgrades to their
networks. Several announcements also have recently been made by other
alternative service companies approaching the Internet connectivity market with
various wireless terrestrial and satellite-based service technologies.
Many of the predominant on-line service providers, including America
Online, CompuServe and Microsoft Network, have entered the Internet access
business by engineering their current proprietary networks to include Internet
access capabilities. We compete to a lesser extent with these on-line service
providers. However, America Online's acquisition of Netscape Communications
Corporation and related strategic alliance with Sun Microsystems will enable it
to offer a broader array of Internet protocol-based services and products that
could significantly enhance its ability to appeal to the business marketplace
and, as a result, compete more directly with us.
Recently, there have been several announcements regarding the planned
deployment of broadband services for high speed Internet access by cable and
telephone companies. These services would include new technologies such as cable
modems and DSL. These providers have initially targeted the residential
consumer. However, it is likely that their target markets will expand to
encompass business customers, which is our target market. This expansion could
adversely affect the pricing of our service offerings. Moreover, there has
recently been introduced a number of free ISP services, particularly in non-U.S.
markets, and some ISPs are offering free personal computers to their
subscribers. The FCC has proposed to permit ILECs to provide advanced services,
through structurally separate affiliates on a deregulated basis. While these
services have been offered primarily to dial-up consumer customers, they could
be extended to dial-up business customers as well. These trends could have a
material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of
operations.
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As a result of the increase in the number of competitors and the
vertical and horizontal integration in the industry, we currently encounter and
expect to continue to encounter significant pricing pressure and other
competition. Advances in technology as well as changes in the marketplace and
the regulatory environment are constantly occurring, and we cannot predict the
effect that ongoing or future developments may have on us or on the pricing of
our products and services. Increased price or other competition could result in
erosion of our market share and could have a material adverse effect on our
business, financial condition and results of operations. We cannot assure you
that we will have the financial resources, technical expertise or marketing and
support capabilities to continue to compete successfully.
As we continue to expand our operations outside the United States, we
will encounter new competitors and competitive environments. In some cases, we
will be forced to compete with and buy services from government-owned or
subsidized telecommunications providers. Some of these providers may enjoy a
monopoly on telecommunications services essential to our business. We cannot
assure you that we will be able to purchase such services at a reasonable price
or at all. In addition to the risks associated with our previously described
competitors, foreign competitors may pose an even greater risk, as they may
possess a better understanding of their local markets and better working
relationships with local infrastructure providers and others. We cannot assure
you that we can obtain similar levels of local knowledge. Failure to obtain that
knowledge could place us at a significant competitive disadvantage.
Technology trends and evolving industry standards could result in our
competitors developing or obtaining access to bandwidth and technologies that
carry more information faster than our bandwidth and technology and,
consequently, render our bandwidth or technology obsolete
Our products and services are targeted toward users of the Internet,
which has experienced rapid growth. The market for Internet access and related
services is characterized by rapidly changing technology, evolving industry
standards, changes in customer needs and frequent new product and service
introductions. Our future success will depend, in part, on our ability to
effectively use and develop leading technologies.
We cannot assure you that we will be successful in responding to
changing technology or market trends. In addition, services or technologies
developed by others may render our services or technologies uncompetitive or
obsolete. Furthermore, changes to our services in response to market demand may
require the adoption of new technologies that could likewise render many of our
assets technologically uncompetitive or obsolete. As we accept bandwidth from
our various existing global network suppliers or acquire bandwidth or equipment
from other suppliers that may better meet our needs than existing bandwidth or
equipment, many of our assets could be determined to be obsolete or excess. The
disposition of obsolete or excess assets could have a material adverse effect on
our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Even if we do respond successfully to technological advances and
emerging industry standards, the integration of new technology may require
substantial time and expense, and we cannot assure you that we will succeed in
adapting our network infrastructure in a timely and cost-effective manner.
We may be liable for information disseminated through our network
The law relating to liability of ISPs for information carried on or
disseminated through their networks is not completely settled. A number of
lawsuits have sought to impose such liability for defamatory speech,
infringement of copyrighted materials and other claims. The U.S. Supreme Court
has let stand a lower court ruling which held that an ISP was protected by a
provision of the Communications Decency Act from liability for material posted
on its system. However, the findings in that particular case
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may not be applicable in other circumstances with differing facts. Other courts
have held that online service providers and ISPs may, under some circumstances,
be subject to damages for copying or distributing copyrighted materials.
However, in an effort to protect certain qualified ISPs, the Digital Millennium
Copyright Act was signed into law in October 1998. Under certain circumstances,
this Act may provide qualified ISPs with a `safe harbor' from liability for
copyright infringement. We cannot assure you that we currently qualify by the
terms, provisions and interpretations of this Act. In 1998, the Child Online
Protection Act was enacted, requiring limitations on access to pornography and
other material deemed `harmful to minors.' This legislation has been attacked in
court as a violation of the First Amendment. We are unable to predict the
outcome of this case at this time. The imposition upon ISPs or web server hosts
of potential liability for materials carried on or disseminated through their
systems could require us to implement measures to reduce our exposure to such
liability. Such measures may require that we spend substantial resources or
discontinue some product or service offerings. Any of these actions could have a
material adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial
condition.
We carry errors and omissions insurance with a policy limit of $5.0
million, subject to deductibles and exclusions. Such coverage may not be
adequate or available to compensate us for all liability that may be imposed.
The imposition of liability in excess of, or the unavailability of, such
coverage could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial
condition and results of operations.
The law relating to the regulation and liability of ISPs in relation to
information carried or disseminated also is undergoing a process of development
in other countries. For example, a recent court decision in England held an ISP
liable for certain allegedly indecent content carried through its network under
factual circumstances in which the ISP had been notified by the complainant
about the offending message which the ISP had failed to delete when asked to do
so by the complainant. Decisions, laws, regulations and other activities
regarding regulation and content liability may significantly affect the
development and profitability of companies offering on-line and Internet access
services, including us.
One particular area of uncertainty in this regard results from the
entry into effect of European Union Directive 95/46/EC on the protection of
individuals with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free
movement of such data. The EU Directive imposes obligations in connection with
the protection of personal data collected or processed by third parties. Under
some circumstances, we may be regarded as subject to the EU Directive's
requirements. The United States and the European Union currently are negotiating
the application of the EU Directive to U.S. companies.
FCC and foreign telecommunications regulations may limit the services we can
offer
Consistent with our growth and acquisition strategy, we are now engaged
in, or will soon be engaged in, activities that subject us to varying degrees of
federal, state and local regulation. The FCC exercises jurisdiction over all
facilities of, and services offered by, telecommunications carriers to the
extent that they involve the provision, origination or termination of
jurisdictionally interstate or international communications. The state
regulatory commissions retain jurisdiction over the same facilities and services
to the extent they involve origination or termination of jurisdictionally
intrastate communications.
Our Internet operations are not currently subject to direct regulation
by the FCC or any other governmental agency, other than regulations applicable
to businesses generally. However, the FCC has indicated that some services
offered over the Internet, such as phone-to-phone Internet protocol telephony,
may be functionally indistinguishable from traditional telecommunications
service offerings and their non-regulated status may have to be re-examined. We
are unable to predict what regulations may be adopted in the future, or to what
extent existing laws and regulations may be found applicable, or
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the impact of any new or existing laws may have on our business. We can not
assure you that new laws or regulations relating to Internet services, or
existing laws found to apply to them, will not have a material adverse effect on
us. Although the FCC has decided not to allow local telephone companies to
impose per-minute access charges on Internet service providers, and that
decision has been upheld by the reviewing court, further regulatory and
legislative consideration of this issue is likely. In addition, some telephone
companies are seeking relief through state regulatory agencies. Such rules, if
adopted, would affect our costs of serving dial-up customers and could have a
material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of
operations.
In addition to our Internet activities, we have recently focused
attention on acquiring telecommunications assets and facilities, which is a
regulated activity. Our wholly-owned subsidiary, PSINetworks Company, has
received an international Section 214 authorization from the FCC and a Type I
facilities license from the Japanese telecommunications regulatory activity to
provide global facilities-based and global resale telecommunications services.
Our wholly-owned subsidiary, PSINet Telecom UK Limited, has received an
international facilities license from DTI and OFTEL, the responsible
telecommunications regulatory bodies in the United Kingdom. Currently, the FCC
and OFTEL do not closely regulate the charges or practices of non-dominant
carriers, such as our subsidiaries. Nevertheless, these regulatory agencies have
the power to impose more stringent regulatory requirements on us and to change
our regulatory classification, which may adversely affect our business.
Our subsidiaries have also received competitive local exchange carrier,
or CLEC, certification in New York, Virginia, Colorado, California and Texas,
and have applied for CLEC certification in Maryland. We are considering the
financial, regulatory and operational implications of becoming a competitive
local exchange carrier in other states. As a provider of domestic basic
telecommunications services, particularly competitive local exchange services,
we could become subject to further regulation by the FCC and/or another
regulatory agency, including state and local entities.
An important issue for CLECs is the right to receive reciprocal
compensation for the transport and termination of Internet traffic. Most states
have required incumbent local exchange carriers to pay competitive local
exchange carriers reciprocal compensation. In October 1998, the FCC determined
that dedicated Digital Subscriber Line service is an interstate service and
properly tariffed at the interstate level. In February 1999, the FCC concluded
that at least a substantial portion of dial-up ISP traffic is jurisdictionally
interstate. The FCC also concluded that its jurisdictional decision does not
alter the exemption from access charges currently enjoyed by ISPs. The FCC
established a proceeding to consider an appropriate compensation mechanism for
interstate Internet traffic. Pending the adoption of that mechanism, the FCC saw
no reason to interfere with existing interconnection agreements and reciprocal
compensation arrangements. The FCC order has been appealed, briefing was in
September 1999, and oral arguments are expected to be heard in early 2000. In
light of the FCC's order, state commissions that previously addressed this issue
and required reciprocal compensation to be paid for ISP traffic may reconsider
and may modify their prior rulings. Several incumbent local exchange carriers
are seeking to overturn prior orders, or seek refunds of, or authority to
escrow, payments that they claim are inconsistent with the FCCs' February 1999
order. In response to these and other challenges, some state commissions have
opened inquiries as to the appropriate compensation mechanisms in the context of
ISP traffic. Of the state commissions that have considered the issue since the
FCC's February 1999 order, the majority of these states has upheld the
requirement to pay reciprocal compensation for ISP traffic. We cannot assure you
that any future court, state regulatory or FCC decision on this matter will
favor our position. An unfavorable result may have an adverse impact on our
potential future revenues as a CLEC, as well as increasing our costs for PRIs
generally.
If we experience system failure or shutdown, we may not be able to deliver
services
- 19 -
<PAGE>
Our success depends upon our ability to deliver reliable, high-speed
access to the Internet and upon the ability and willingness of our
telecommunications providers to deliver reliable, high-speed telecommunications
service through their networks. Our network, and other networks providing
services to us, are vulnerable to damage or cessation of operations from fire,
earthquakes, severe storms, power loss, telecommunications failures and similar
events, particularly if such events occur within a high traffic location of the
network. We have designed our network to minimize the risk of such system
failure, for instance, with redundant circuits among POPs to allow traffic
rerouting. In addition, we perform lab and field testing before integrating new
and emerging technology into the network, and we engage in capacity planning.
Nonetheless, we cannot assure you that we will not experience failures or
shutdowns relating to individual POPs or even catastrophic failure of the entire
network.
We carry business personal property insurance at both scheduled
locations and unscheduled locations to protect us against losses due to property
damage and business interruption. Such coverage, however, may not be adequate or
available to compensate us for all losses that may occur. In addition, we
generally attempt to limit our liability to customers arising out of network
failures by contractually disclaiming all such liability. In respect of many
services, we have also contractually limited liability to a usage credit based
upon the amount of time that the system was not operational. We cannot assure
you, however, that such limitations will be enforceable. In any event,
significant or prolonged system failures or shutdowns could damage our
reputation and result in the loss of customers.
Although we have implemented network security measures, our network may be
susceptible to viruses, break-ins or disruptions
We have implemented many network security measures, such as limiting
physical and network access to our routers. Nonetheless, our network's
infrastructure is potentially vulnerable to computer viruses, break-ins and
similar disruptive problems caused by our customers or other Internet users.
Computer viruses, break-ins or other problems caused by third parties could lead
to interruptions, delays or cessation in service to our customers. Furthermore,
such inappropriate use of the Internet by third parties could also potentially
jeopardize the security of confidential information stored in the computer
systems of our customers. This could, in turn, deter potential customers and
adversely affect our existing customer relationships.
Security problems represent an ongoing threat to public and private
data networks. Attacks upon the security of Internet sites and infrastructure
continue to be reported to organizations such as the CERT Coordination Center at
Carnegie Mellon University, which facilitates responses of the Internet
community to computer security events. Addressing problems caused by computer
viruses, break-ins or other problems caused by third parties could have a
material adverse effect on us.
The security services that we offer in connection with our customers'
networks cannot assure complete protection from computer viruses, break-ins and
other disruptive problems. Although we attempt to limit contractually our
liability in such instances, the occurrence of such problems may result in
claims against us or liability on our part. Such claims, regardless of their
ultimate outcome, could result in costly litigation and could have a material
adverse effect on our business or reputation or on our ability to attract and
retain customers for our products. Moreover, until more consumer reliance is
placed on security technologies available, the security and privacy concerns of
existing and potential customers may inhibit the growth of the Internet service
industry and our customer base and revenues.
Risk associated with dependence on technology and with proprietary rights
Our success and ability to compete is dependent in part upon our
technology and technical expertise and, to a lesser degree, on our proprietary
rights. In order to establish and protect our
- 20 -
<PAGE>
technology, we rely on a combination of copyright, trademark and trade secret
laws and contractual restrictions. Nevertheless, we cannot assure you that such
measures are adequate to protect our proprietary technology. It may be possible
for a third party to copy or otherwise obtain and use our products or technology
without authorization or to develop similar technology independently. In
addition, our products may be licensed or otherwise utilized in foreign
countries where laws may not protect our proprietary rights to the same extent
as do laws in the United States. It is our policy to require employees and
consultants and, when obtainable, suppliers to execute confidentiality
agreements upon the commencement of their relationships with us. Nonetheless, we
cannot assure you that these precautions will be adequate to prevent
misappropriation of our technology or that our competitors will not
independently develop technologies that are substantially equivalent or superior
to our technology.
In addition, we are also subject to the risk of adverse claims and
litigation alleging infringement by us of the intellectual property rights of
others. From time to time, we have received claims that we have infringed other
parties' proprietary rights. While we do not believe that we have infringed the
proprietary rights of other parties, we cannot assure you that third parties
will not assert infringement claims in the future with respect to our current or
future products. Such claims may require that we enter into license arrangements
or may result in protracted and costly litigation, regardless of the merits of
such claims. We cannot assure you that any necessary licenses will be available
or that, if available, such licenses can be obtained on commercially reasonable
terms.
We have recently introduced new enterprise service offerings, including
value-added, Internet protocol-based enterprise communication services and
DSL-based Internet access services. The failure of these services to gain market
acceptance in a timely manner or at all, or the failure of DSL-based services,
in particular, to achieve significant market coverage could have a material
adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
If we introduce new or enhanced services with reliability, quality or
compatibility problems, it could significantly delay or hinder market acceptance
of such services, which could adversely affect our ability to attract new
customers and subscribers. Our services may contain undetected errors or defects
when first introduced or as enhancements are introduced. Despite testing by us
or our customers, we cannot assure you that errors will not be found in new
services after commencement of commercial deployment. Such errors could result
in additional development costs, loss of or delays in market acceptance,
diversion of technical and other resources from our other development efforts
and the loss of credibility with our customers and subscribers. Any such event
could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and
results of operations.
Additionally, if we are unable to match our network capacity to
customer demand for our services, our network could become congested during
periods of peak customer demand. Such congestion could adversely affect the
quality of service we are able to provide. Conversely, due to the high fixed
cost nature of our infrastructure, if our network is under-utilized, it could
adversely affect our ability to provide cost-efficient services. Our failure to
match network capacity to demand could have a material adverse effect on our
business, financial condition or results of operations.
We may encounter a number of risks and uncertainties in connection with our
acquisition of TNI.
Our risks resulting from the acquisition of TNI include the following:
* TNI derives a substantial portion of its revenue from a small
number of customers
For the year ended December 31, 1998, approximately 44% of TNI's total
revenues were derived from its five largest customers, and for the nine months
ended September 30, 1999, approximately 45% of TNI's total revenues were derived
from these customers. The loss of any one or more of these customers could have
a material adverse effect on TNI's business, results of operations and financial
condition and,
- 21 -
<PAGE>
as a result, potentially ours. TNI has multi-year contracts with these customers
and the consent of some of them may be required and not obtained in connection
with our acquisition of TNI. These contracts expire between June 2000 and May
2002. We cannot assure you that these contracts will be maintained or renewed.
* TNI depends on market expansion and on its expansion into new markets
Although TNI has grown rapidly since it became operational in June
1991, TNI's future growth and profitability will depend in part on:
* the further expansion of:
o the POS transaction network services market;
o the telecommunications services market;
o the financial services market;
* the emergence of other markets for:
o electronic transaction network services;
o services for automated teller machine processing;
o services for healthcare claims processing;
o services for electronic benefits transfer; and
* TNI's ability to penetrate these markets both domestically
and internationally.
Further market expansion depends on the continued growth in the number
of transactions and the continued automation of traditional paper-based
processing systems. We cannot assure you that markets for the TNI network and
telecommunications services will continue to expand and develop or that TNI will
succeed in penetrating new markets.
* TNI's business is seasonal and TNI experiences fluctuations in
quarterly results
Merchant credit card transactions account for a major percentage of the
transaction volume processed by TNI's customers. We expect the volume of those
transactions on TNI's network to be greater in the fourth quarter holiday season
than during the rest of the year. Consequently, revenues and earnings from
merchant credit card transactions in the first quarter generally are expected to
be lower than revenues and earnings from merchant credit card transactions in
the fourth quarter of the immediately preceding year. Although the financial
services, healthcare claims processing and electronic benefits transfer markets,
as well as other potential markets that TNI has targeted for future expansion,
are anticipated to be less seasonal, we expect that TNI's operating results in
the foreseeable future will be significantly affected by seasonal trends in the
merchant credit card transaction market. As a result, our financial results may
be more sensitive to seasonal trends.
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<PAGE>
We may not have the ability to raise the funds necessary to finance the change
of control offer which may be required by the indenture governing our
subordinated debt
Upon the occurrence of a change of control (as defined in the indenture
governing the notes), we will be required to make an offer to purchase any or
all of the recent issue of 10 1/2% notes, our 11 1/2% senior notes, our 10%
senior notes and our 11% senior notes at the prices stated in the respective
indentures governing such securities. However, our ability to repurchase such
securities upon a change of control may be limited by the terms of our then
existing contractual obligations and those of our subsidiaries. Our credit
facility requires that we pay all amounts outstanding under it before we
repurchase any of our senior notes upon a change of control. In addition, we may
not have adequate financial resources to effect such a purchase, and we cannot
assure you that we would be able to obtain such resources through a refinancing
of such securities to be purchased or otherwise. If we fail to repurchase all of
such securities tendered for purchase upon the occurrence of a change of
control, such failure will constitute an event of default under the respective
indentures governing such securities.
With respect to the sale of assets referred to in the definition of
change of control, the phrase `all or substantially all' as used in such
definition varies according to the facts and circumstances of the subject
transaction, has no clearly established meaning under the relevant law and is
subject to judicial interpretation. Accordingly, in some circumstances there may
be a degree of uncertainty in ascertaining whether a particular transaction
would involve a disposition of `all or substantially all' of the assets of a
person. It may, therefore, be unclear whether a change of control has occurred
and whether such securities are subject to an offer to purchase.
The market price and trading volume of our stock may be voltile
The market price and trading volume of our common stock has been and
may continue to be highly volatile. Factors such as variations in our revenue,
earnings and cash flow and announcements of new service offerings,
technological innovations, strategic alliances and/or acquisitions involving our
competitors or price redefinitions by us, our competitors or providers of
alternative services could cause the market price of our common stock to
fluctuate substantially. In addition, the stock markets recently have
experienced significant price and volume fluctuations that particularly have
affected technology-based companies and resulted in changes in the market prices
of the stocks of many companies that have not been directly related to the
operating performance of those companies. Such broad market fluctuations have
adversely affected and may continue to adversely affect the market price of our
common stock.
We do not anticipate that we will pay cash dividends on our common stock
We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our common stock
and do not anticipate paying cash dividends on our common stock in the
foreseeable future. In addition, our debt securities and credit facility contain
limitations on our ability to declare and pay cash dividends.
Forward-looking statements
Some of the information contained in this offering memorandum may
contain forward-looking statements. Such statements can be identified by the use
of forward-looking terminology such as "believes," "expects," "may," "will,"
"should," or "anticipates" or similar words, or by discussions of strategy that
involve risks and uncertainties. These statements may discuss our future
expectations or contain projections of our results of operations or financial
condition or expected benefits to us resulting from acquisitions or
transactions. We cannot assure that the future results indicated, whether
expressed or implied, will be achieved. The risk factors noted in this section
and other factors noted throughout this prospectus, including risks and
uncertainties, could cause our actual results to differ materially from those
contained in any forward-looking statement.
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<PAGE>
USE OF PROCEEDS
The shares of common stock covered by this prospectus are being offered
by the Selling Shareholder and not by us. Consequently, we will not receive any
proceeds from the sale of these shares. However the shares that may be sold
under the prospectus include shares that the Selling Shareholder may acquire in
the future pursuant to stock options that we have granted to her. In order for
the Selling Shareholder to acquire any such shares, the Selling Shareholder will
be required to pay to us the exercise price specified in her option agreement.
We intend to use any proceeds that we receive from the exercise of such options
for working capital and general corporate purposes.
SELLING SHAREHOLDER
The table below sets forth, as of the date of this prospectus or a
subsequent date if amended or supplemented, (a) the name of the Selling
Shareholder and her relationship to PSINet during the past three years; (b) the
number of shares of common stock the Selling Shareholder beneficially owns; (c)
the number of shares of common stock offered pursuant to this prospectus by the
Selling Shareholder; and (d) the amount and percentage of the common stock
outstanding to be held by the Selling Shareholder after giving effect to the
offering of the common stock covered by this prospectus. The information
contained in this table may be amended or supplemented from time to time.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Shares Shares Beneficially
Relationship Beneficially Shares Owned After Offering
NAME TO PSINET OWNED OFFERED HEREBY ------------------------
NUMBER PERCENTAGE
- ---- ------------ ------------ -------------- ------ ----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Susan DiSesa Former Consultant 9,825 9,825 - 0 - 0 %
</TABLE>
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
Any of or all of the shares may be sold from time to time to purchasers
directly by the Selling Shareholder. Alternatively, the Selling Shareholder may
from time to time offer the shares through underwriters, dealers or agents who
may receive compensation in the form of discounts, concessions or commissions
from the Selling Shareholder and/or the purchasers of shares for whom they may
act. The Selling Shareholder and any such underwriters, dealers or agents that
participate in the distribution of Shares may be deemed to be underwriters under
the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"). Any profit on the
sale of the shares by them and any discounts, commissions or concessions
received by them may be deemed to be underwriting discounts and commissions
under the Securities Act. To the extent required, at the time a particular offer
of shares is made, a supplement to this prospectus will be distributed which
will set forth the number of shares being offered and the terms of the offering.
These terms will include the name or names of any underwriters, dealers or
agents, any discounts, commissions and other items constituting compensation
from the Selling Shareholder and any discounts, commissions or concessions
allowed or reallowed or paid to dealers, including the proposed selling price to
the public.
The shares may be sold from time to time in one or more transactions at
a fixed offering price, which may be changed, or at varying prices determined at
the time of sale or at negotiated prices.
In order to comply with certain states' securities laws, if applicable,
the shares will be sold in such jurisdictions only through registered or
licensed brokers or dealers. In certain states the shares may not be sold unless
the shares have been registered or qualified for sale in such state or an
exemption from registration or qualification is available and is met.
- 24 -
<PAGE>
LEGAL MATTERS
The validity of the securities offered hereby will be passed upon by
Nixon Peabody LLP, New York, New York, counsel for PSINet. Certain attorneys
with Nixon Peabody LLP currently own in the aggregate less than one percent of
our common stock.
EXPERTS
The consolidated financial statements of PSINet Inc. as of December 31,
1998 and 1997 and for each of the three years in the period ended December 31,
1998 incorporated by reference in this prospectus have been so incorporated in
reliance on the report of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, independent accountants,
given on the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
The SEC allows us to "incorporate by reference" the information we file
with them, which means that we can disclose important information to you by
referring you to those documents. The information incorporated by reference is
an important part of this prospectus, and information that we file later with
the SEC will automatically update and supersede this information. We are
incorporating by reference in this prospectus the following documents:
1. Our annual report on Form 10-K for our fiscal year ended December
31, 1998. This report contains:
* audited consolidated balance sheets for us and our
subsidiaries as of December 31, 1998 and 1997
* related consolidated statements of operations, of changes
in shareholders' equity and of cash flows for the years
ended December 31, 1998, 1997 and 1996
2. Our quarterly reports on Form 10-Q for the quarters ended:
* March 31, 1999
* June 30, 1999
* September 30, 1999
3. Our current reports on Form 8-K dated
* April 27, 1999
* May 7, 1999
* July 6, 1999
* July 16, 1999
* August 22, 1999
* August 22, 1999
* November 5, 1999
* November 17, 1999
- 25 -
<PAGE>
* November 23, 1999
* November 23, 1999
* July 31, 1997 (solely insofar as it relates to our
Shareholder Rights Agreement dated May 8, 1996, as
amended)
* August 20, 1997
4. Our registration statement on Form 8-A dated April 7, 1995, as
amended (registration no. 0-25812)
5. Our registration statement on Form 8-A dated June 4, 1996, as
amended (registration no. 0-25812)
We are also incorporating by reference in this prospectus all reports
and other documents that we file after the date of this prospectus pursuant to
Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, prior
to the termination of the offering of securities under this prospectus. These
reports and documents will be incorporated by reference in and considered to be
a part of this prospectus as of the date of filing of such reports and
documents.
Any statement contained in this prospectus or in a document which is
incorporated by reference herein will be modified or superseded for purposes of
this prospectus to the extent that a statement in any document that we file
after the date of this prospectus that also is incorporated by reference herein
modifies or supersedes such prior statement. Any such statement so modified or
superseded will not, except as so modified or superseded, constitute a part of
this prospectus.
This prospectus incorporates by reference documents which are not
presented in this prospectus or delivered to you with it. You may request, and
we will send to you, without charge, copies of these documents, other than
exhibits to these documents, which we will send to you for a reasonable fee.
Requests should be directed to the Office of the Secretary, PSINet Inc., 510
Huntmar Park Drive, Herndon, Virginia 20170 (telephone (703) 904-4100).
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
We file annual, quarterly and special reports, proxy statements and
other information with the SEC. You may read and copy materials that we have
file with the SEC, including the registration statement, at the following SEC
public reference rooms:
Judiciary Plaza 7 World Trade Center Northwest Atrium Center
450 Fifth Street, N.W. Suite 1300 500 West Madison Street
Room 1024 New York, New York 10048 Suite 1400
Washington, DC 20549 Chicago, Illinois 60661
You can also obtain copies of filed documents, at prescribed rates, by
mail from the Public Reference Section of the SEC at its Judiciary Plaza
location, listed above, or by telephone at 1-800-SEC-0330 or electronically
through the SEC's Web Site at http://www.sec.gov.
- 26 -
<PAGE>
Our common stock is listed on the Nasdaq Stock Market's National Market
under the symbol "PSIX," and our SEC filings can also be read and obtained at
the following Nasdaq address:
The Nasdaq Stock Market
Reports Section
1735 K Street, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20006
We furnish our stockholders with annual reports containing our audited
financial statements and with proxy material for our annual meetings complying
with the proxy requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
DISCLOSURE OF COMMISSION POSITION ON
INDEMNIFICATION FOR SECURITIES ACT LIABILITIES
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities
Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers, and controlling persons of
PSINet pursuant to the foregoing provisions, PSINet has been informed that in
the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is
against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act of 1933 and is,
therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against
such liabilities (other than the payment by registrant of expenses incurred in
the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such
director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being
registered, registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has
been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate
jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public
policy as expressed in the Securities Act of 1933 and will be governed by the
final adjudication of such issue.
Except to the extent set forth herein, there is no charter provision,
by-law, contract, arrangement or statute pursuant to which any director or
officer of registrant is indemnified in any manner against any liability which
he may incur in his capacity as such.
- 27 -
<PAGE>
PART II.
INFORMATION REQUIRED IN THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT
ITEM 8. Exhibits
5 Opinion of Nixon Peabody LLP
23.1 Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
23.2 Consent of Arthur Andersen LLP
23.3 Consent of Nixon Peabody LLP (filed as part of Exhibit 5)
24 Power of Attorney (included on the signature page of this
registration statement)
<PAGE>
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the
registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all
of the requirements for filing on Form S-8 and has duly caused this registration
statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly
authorized in the City of Herndon, Commonwealth of Virginia on November 30,
1999.
PSINET INC.
By: /S/ WILLIAM L. SCHRADER
-----------------------------------------
William L. Schrader, Chairman
and Chief Executive Officer
POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature
appears below hereby constitutes and appoints William L. Schrader, Harold S.
Wills, David N. Kunkel, Edward D. Postal, Michael J. Malesardi, Lawrence
Winkler and Kathleen B. Horne, and each or any of them, his true and lawful
attorney-in-fact and agent, with full power of substitution and resubstitution,
for him and in his name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any
registration statement filed pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act of
1933 and any and all amendments (including post-effective amendments) to this
registration statement and to any registration statement filed pursuant to Rule
462(b), and to file same, with all exhibits thereto and other documents in
connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto
each said attorney-in-fact and agent full power and authority to do and perform
each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in and about the
foregoing, as fully to all intents and purposes as he might or could do in
person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorney-in-fact and agent
or either of them, or their or his substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or
cause to be done by virtue hereof.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this
registration statement has been signed by the following persons in the
capacities and on the dates indicated.
NAME TITLE DATE
/S/ WILLIAM L. SCHRADER Chairman, Chief Executive November 30, 1999
- ----------------------- Officer and Director
William L. Schrader (Principal Executive Officer)
/S/ HAROLD S. WILLS President, Chief Operating November 30, 1999
- ----------------------- Officer and Director
Harold S. Wills
/S/ DAVID N. KUNKE Vice Chairman, Executive Vice November 30, 1999
- ----------------------- President and Director
David N. Kunkel
/S/ EDWARD D. POSTAL Executive Vice President and November 30, 1999
- ----------------------- Chief Financial Officer (Principal
Edward D. Postal Financial Officer)
<PAGE>
/S/ MICHAEL J. MALESARDI Vice President and Controller November 30, 1999
- ------------------------ (Principal Accounting Officer)
Michael J. Malesardi
/S/ WILLIAM H. BAUMER Director November 30, 1999
- ------------------------
William H. Baumer
/S/ RALPH J. SWETT Director November 30, 1999
- ------------------------
Ralph J. Swett
/S/ IAN P. SHARP Director November 30, 1999
- ------------------------
Ian P. Sharp
<PAGE>
EXHIBIT INDEX
5 Opinion of Nixon Peabody LLP Filed herewith
23.1 Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP Filed herewith
23.2 Consent of Arthur Andersen LLP Filed herewith
23.3 Consent of Nixon Peabody LLP Filed as part of
Exhibit 5
24 Power of Attorney Included on the
signature page
of this registration
statement
EXHIBIT 5
OPINION OF NIXON PEABODY LLP
Nixon Peabody LLP
Attorneys and Counselors at Law
437 Madison Avenue
New York, New York 10022
December 2, 1999
PSINet Inc.
510 Huntmar Park Drive
Herndon, Virginia 22070
Ladies and Gentlemen:
We have acted as counsel to PSINet Inc., a New York corporation (the
"Company"), in connection with the Registration Statement on Form S-8 (the
"Registration Statement") to be filed by the Company on November 23, 1999 with
the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") under the Securities Act of
1933, as amended (the "Act"), for the purpose of registering with the SEC
additional securities of the same class as other securities for which
registration statement on Form S-8 (No. 333-82811) is effective in an aggregate
of up to 7,500,000 shares (the "Shares") of common stock of the Company, par
value $.01 per share (the "Common Stock"), consisting of: (1) 4,000,000
additional shares to be issued as awards pursuant to the Company's Executive
Stock Incentive Plan, as amended (the "Executive Stock Incentive Plan") and (2)
3,500,000 additional shares to be issued as awards pursuant to the Company's
Strategic Stock Incentive Plan, as amended (the "Strategic Stock Incentive Plan"
and together with the Executive Stock Incentive Plan, the "Plans"); and (3)
9,825 shares that may be issued to Susan DiSesa, a former consultant of an
acquired subsidiary of the Company, upon the exercise of options awarded to Ms.
DiSesa pursuant to an option agreement dated February 1995 (the "DiSesa Option
Agreement"). The Registration Statement provides that Ms. DiSesa may sell her
shares, from time to time, in one or more transactions, pursuant to a reoffer
prospectus (the "Reoffer Prospectus").
This opinion is being delivered to you in connection with the
Registration Statement.
In connection with the foregoing, we have examined, among other
documents, copies of the following: (i) the Registration Statement, (ii) the
Reoffer Prospectus, (iii) the Certificate of Incorporation of the Company, as
amended to the date hereof, (iv) the By-Laws of the Company, as amended to the
date hereof, (v) the Plans and (vi) the DiSesa Option Agreement. We have also
examined originals or copies, certified or otherwise identified to our
satisfaction, of such corporate records of the Company, agreements and such
other instruments and certificates of officers of the Company, and have made
such investigations of law, as, in our experience, are necessary or appropriate
as a basis for the opinions expressed below.
As to questions of fact material to our opinions expressed herein, we
have, when relevant facts were not independently established, relied upon
certificates of, and information received from, the Company and/or
representatives of the Company. We have made no independent investigation of the
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PSINet Inc.
December 2, 1999
Page 2
facts stated in such certificates or as to any information received from the
Company and/or representatives of the Company and do not opine as to the
accuracy of such factual matters. We also have relied, without investigation,
upon certificates and other documents from, and conversations with, public
officials.
In addition, we have assumed that, at or prior to the time of issuance
and sale of any of the Shares: (i) no stop order shall have been issued in
respect of the Registration Statement, (ii) there shall not have occurred, since
the date of this opinion, any change in law affecting the validity of the Shares
or the ability or the capacity of the Company to issue any of the Shares, and
(iii) the Company shall not have effected any material change to its Certificate
of Incorporation or Amended and Restated By-Laws.
Members of our firm involved in the preparation of this opinion are
licensed to practice law in the State of New York and we do not purport to be
experts on, or to express any opinion herein concerning, the laws of any
jurisdiction other than the laws of the State of New York.
Based upon and subject to the foregoing, and the other qualifications
and limitations contained herein, and after (a) the Registration Statement has
become effective under the Act and assuming that such effectiveness remains in
effect throughout the period during which shares of Common Stock are issued
pursuant to the Plans, (b) the shares of Common Stock to be issued pursuant to
the Plans have, if required, been duly qualified or registered, as the case may
be, for sale under applicable state securities laws and all applicable
securities laws are complied with, (c) all necessary action by the shareholders
of the Company and the Board of Directors or a duly designated committee of the
Board of Directors of the Company shall have been taken to duly authorize the
Plans and the DiSesa Option Agreement and the issuance of options, other rights
and Common Stock to be issued pursuant to the Plans and the DiSesa Option
Agreement (the "Corporate Action"), and (d) the options, other rights and shares
of Common Stock to be issued pursuant to the Plans and the DiSesa Option
Agreement have been delivered pursuant to and in accordance with the terms of
the Plans, the DiSesa Option Agreement and related agreements and instruments
against payment therefor in accordance with the terms of the relevant
Corporation Action, the Plans, the DiSesa Option Agreement and related
agreements and instruments, we are of the opinion that the 4,000,000 additional
shares of Common Stock to be issued pursuant to the Executive Stock Incentive
Plan, the 3,500,000 additional shares of Common Stock to be issued pursuant to
the Strategic Stock Incentive Plan, and the 9,825 shares which may be issued to
Ms. DiSesa upon the exercise of her options pursuant to the DiSesa Option
Agreement, will have been duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and
non-assessable subject to Section 630 of the Business Corporation Law of the
State of New York.
We hereby consent to the filing of this opinion as an exhibit to the
Registration Statement and to the use of our name as it appears under the
caption "Legal Matters" in the Reoffer Prospectus. In giving such consent, we do
not thereby admit that we are in the category of persons whose consent is
required under Section 7 of the Act or the rules and regulations of the SEC.
We further consent to the filing of this opinion as an exhibit to
applications to the securities commissioners of the various states of the United
States of America, to the extent so required, in connection with the
registration of the shares of Common Stock.
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PSINet Inc.
December 2, 1999
Page 3
This opinion is limited to the matters stated herein, and no opinion or
belief is implied or may be inferred beyond the matters expressly stated herein.
The opinions expressed herein are rendered as of the date hereof, and we
disclaim any undertaking to advise you of changes in law or fact which may
affect the continued correctness of any of our opinions as of a later date.
We wish to advise you that certain attorneys with Nixon Peabody LLP own
certain shares of the Company's Common Stock.
Very truly yours,
/s/ Nixon Peabody LLP
EXHIBIT 23.1
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS
We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in this Registration
Statement on Form S-8 of our report dated March 9, 1999, except as to Note 11,
which is as of March 25, 1999 relating to the consolidated financial statements
and financial statement schedule of PSINet Inc. appearing in PSINet Inc.'s
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1998. We also consent
to the reference to us under the heading "Experts" in such Registration
Statement.
/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Washington, DC
November 29, 1999
EXHIBIT 23.2
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS
As independent public accountants, we hereby consent to the
incorporation by reference in PSINet's Registration Statement on Form S-8 of our
reports dated February 10, 1999, included in Transaction Network Services,
Inc.'s Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 1998, which is
incorporated by reference in PSINet Inc.'s Current Report on Form 8-K dated
November 23, 1999.
/s/ Arthur Andersen LLP
Vienna, Virginia
December 1, 1999
