Court of Queen’s Bench of Alberta  
Citation: R. v. Park, 2009 ABQB 470  
Date: 20090731  
Docket: 080312713Q1  
Registry: Edmonton  
Between:  
Her Majesty the Queen  
- and -  
Scott James Park  
_______________________________________________________  
Reasons for Judgment  
of the  
Honourable Mr. Justice Vital O. Ouellette  
_______________________________________________________  
Table of Contents  
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 1  
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 1  
The Evidence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 2  
General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 2  
Use of Exhibits Marked for Identification Only . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 2  
Witnesses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 5  
ii  
Assessing the Credibility of Witnesses - Vetrovec/Khela . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 5  
Co-Conspirators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 6  
Judy Monahan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 6  
Harkamaljit (Tony) Kahlon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 13  
Rodrigo Caroca . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 17  
Zafir Rashid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 18  
Adil Quadri . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 22  
Kelly Bindon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 25  
Straw Buyers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 48  
Sheila Straub . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 48  
Sheila Holloway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 50  
Jayne Sluchinski . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 53  
Beverly Haugh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 55  
Michael Albert . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 58  
Royston Frederick . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 59  
Anne Chiasson . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 61  
Keith Rayner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 62  
Faycal Khalil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 64  
Pinky Sailopal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 65  
Mina Khoshnavaz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 66  
Lyle Petty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 67  
Marie Kapeller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 69  
Derek Duncombe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 70  
Steven Young . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 71  
Robbie Madan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 73  
Jawad Choudhary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 74  
Scott Park Recruits? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 75  
Tony Germsheid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 75  
Kerry Novac . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 76  
Gregory Coates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 77  
Mortgage Brokers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 82  
Ken Finley . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 82  
David Gorn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 84  
David Humeniuk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 90  
Alison Rice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 91  
Appraisers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 92  
Ronald Dinning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 92  
Leilani Belmonte (now Calmusky) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 95  
Others . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 96  
Sean Syrenne . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 96  
David Scorgie . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 97  
Michael John Shorter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 99  
iii  
Lenders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 99  
Kenneth Pettapiece - Bridgewater Financial Services Ltd. . . . . . . Page: 99  
Debbie Voykin - Resmor Trust Company . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 100  
Linda Woolard - Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce . . . . . . Page: 100  
Jeffrey Armstrong - MCAP Service Corporation . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 101  
Fabio Lupinetti - First Marathon Mortgage Corporation . . . . . . Page: 103  
Tanya Welsh - Bank of Montreal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 103  
Janice Kucy - Toronto-Dominion Bank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 104  
Case Law on the Elements of Fraud, Conspiracy and Party to a Conspiracy . . . . . . . . . Page: 105  
Case Law on Hearsay in Relation to a Charge of Conspiracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 117  
Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 118  
Has the Crown established that a conspiracy existed and that Scott Park was probably a member  
of the conspiracy? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 118  
Crown's Position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 118  
Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 119  
Has the Crown established beyond a reasonable doubt that Scott Park committed  
the offence of conspiracy to commit fraud? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 130  
Crown’s Position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 130  
Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 132  
Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page: 144  
Page: 1  
Introduction  
[1] Scott Park was charged with conspiracy to commit fraud, fraud, and committing fraud for  
the benefit of a criminal organization. It is alleged that he conspired with Gohar Pervez (also  
known as Carmen, “Pervez”), Harkamaljit Kahlon (also known as Tony, “Kahlon”), Pedro Brito  
(“Brito”), Rodrigo Caroca (“Caroca”), Zafir Rashid (“Rashid”), Kelly Bindon (“Bindon”), Adil  
Quadri (“Quadri”), Judy Monahan (“Monahan”), Elizabeth Holloway (“Holloway”) and others  
to commit fraud upon various lending institutions.  
[2]  
After the close of the Crown’s case, defence counsel brought an application for a directed  
verdict. This Court granted the application in relation to the counts of fraud and committing  
fraud for the benefit of a criminal organization: R. v. Scott James Park, 2009 ABQB 38. The  
following decision therefore relates only to the count of conspiracy to commit fraud.  
Overview  
[3]  
The conspiracy to commit fraud was masterminded, and later controlled throughout, by  
Pervez. The fraudulent scheme generally went as follows: Pervez would purchase older,  
rundown houses at a fairly low price, and then do some renovations. After doing mostly cosmetic  
or superficial renovations, he would hire a qualified appraiser to provide a value on the property.  
Once he had the appraised value, Pervez would have his co-conspirators go out and find “straw  
buyers.” These buyers would purchase the property for the appraised value, and would have to  
obtain either a conventional or high ratio mortgage to effect the purchase. In relation to the  
difference between the purchase price and the mortgage to be obtained by the buyer, Pervez  
would state on the Residential Offer to Purchase that he had received the deposit or cash to close  
directly from the buyer and was holding the funds. Pervez would also provide to some of the  
lenders a document entitled Receipt and Acknowledgment of Funds, stating that he had received  
the funds directly from the buyer.  
[4]  
In return for going on title and obtaining the mortgage, the straw buyers were given a fee  
ranging from approximately $500 to $5,000. The buyers were told that they would not be  
responsible for any of the mortgage payments or obligations in relation to the purchase,  
including down payments, and that within a month or so after the purchase the property would be  
taken out of their name. Pervez and his co-conspirators would obtain the necessary basic  
information from the straw buyers regarding their employment, social insurance number, T4s,  
and would forward this information to a mortgage broker. The mortgage broker would then  
prepare a mortgage application which would be sent to a lender for approval. Amongst the  
documentation sent to the mortgage brokers by the co-conspirators was usually included a false  
gift letter to show the source of the down payment. Once the lender approved the mortgage  
instructions, the lender would send instructions to the solicitor. Once the solicitor registered the  
transfer and mortgage and obtained the mortgage proceeds from the lender, these were turned  
over to Pervez as being the seller of the property.  
Page: 2  
[5]  
There were nine different lawyers who were involved with mortgages which were part of  
Pervez’s fraudulent scheme. The period for which this scheme continued was from early 2001 to  
2005. Two co-conspirators, Bindon and Terry Ellis, were legal assistants to Scott Park and Pops  
Venkatraman, respectively, and Bindon was romantically involved with Pervez. In the end, six  
persons were charged with criminal offences: Pervez, Kahlon, Brito, Caroca, Terry Ellis and  
Scott Park. Pervez, Kahlon, Brito and Caroca entered guilty pleas while Terry Ellis was  
convicted of various charges, after a trial.  
The Evidence  
General  
[6]  
This trial commenced in April 2008 and the Crown closed its case in December 2008,  
after more than 70 actual trial days. The Crown called 47 witnesses, and over 200 exhibits were  
entered into evidence. Various co-conspirators testified, with the exception of Pervez, Brito and  
Holloway. Further, the individual straw buyers testified in relation to the individual counts of  
fraud, Counts 3 to 43, except for Kerry Park. The contents of Exhibits 3 to 43 were comprised of  
the Land Titles documentation, the lenders’ documentation and the banking records of the straw  
buyers. In relation to all other transactions disclosed by the exhibits, the documentation was  
solely obtained through Land Titles.  
[7]  
In relation to Scott Park’s accounting records, part of Exhibit 109 was comprised of  
partial general trust ledgers involving Pervez or his companies. Also entered was a partial file  
opening log and a partial reporting log.  
[8]  
In addition, there were over 30 exhibits which were marked for Identification only. As I  
will address the use that may be made of some of those exhibits in assessing the guilt or  
innocence of the accused, it is helpful to outline at the outset the general principles in relation to  
such exhibits.  
Use of Exhibits Marked for Identification Only  
[9]  
In R. v. Achtymichuk, [1979] A.J. No. 75 (C.A.), Haddad J.A. for the court held that if  
documents are only marked for identification but the judge later rules them admissible, they then  
become evidence without being marked as an exhibit, as marking is only for convenience.  
Haddad J.A. stated:  
5 ...[the appellant] says the certificates not having been marked as exhibits were  
not entered in evidence and therefore never became evidence. In our view the  
failure to direct that the certificates be marked as exhibits does not detract from  
the fact that the certificates became evidence upon the learned Provincial Judge  
ruling that they were admissible. Physical things acquire the status of evidence by  
Page: 3  
a ruling of their admissibility and not from the act of marking them as exhibits.  
The idea behind the marking of evidence of a physical nature, in chronological  
order, is to provide a ready and convenient method of identifying each item,  
admitted in evidence, for reference purposes.  
[10] Similarly, in R. v. Monkhouse, [1987] A.J. No. 1031, 83 A.R. 62 (C.A.), summaries of  
payroll documents prepared in the normal course of business were referred to by a witness. The  
two documents he had prepared were not marked as exhibits. The witness provided copies to the  
judge and counsel to follow and then read the contents into the record. Laycraft C.J.A. for the  
Court of Appeal held that nothing turned on the failure to mark the documents themselves as  
exhibits and so made them part of the record, as reading the contents into the record  
accomplished the same end. Laycraft C.J.A. noted that with the judge and counsel following and  
checking his every word, the witness read the documents to the court reporter, therefore what  
appeared in the transcript was the full equivalent of the written document he prepared. The Court  
treated the case as though the document marked by the witness had, in fact, been marked as an  
exhibit.  
[11] This position is consistent with appellate decisions in other jurisdictions. For example, in  
R. v. Chow, [1930] B.C.J. No. 32, 53 C.C.C. 247 (C.A.) certain exhibits were marked for  
identification only, and when proved were not again marked as part of the evidence. MacDonald  
C.J.B.C. stated that this was not fatal to the conviction, and although the practice of needlessly  
marking documents for identification ought not to be encouraged, the exhibits were before the  
Court and jury and were properly considered by the jury in arriving at their verdict.  
[12] The Saskatchewan Court of Appeal followed Chow in R. v. Knittel, [1983] S.J. No. 49,  
22 Sask.R. 101 (C.A.). The accused in that case was convicted of stealing a cheque. She argued  
that the trial judge had no evidence before him which could support a conviction on the charge  
since the cheque, marked for identification only, was never made a full exhibit and therefore it  
was not before the Court. In the course of the discussion, counsel for the appellant acknowledged  
that, on the facts, the cheque could have been admitted as a full exhibit. Brownridge J.A. for the  
Court of Appeal held that the case fell within the principle espoused in Chow.  
[13] Brownridge J.A. also relied on R. v. Meisner, [1981] N.S.J. No. 427, 46 N.S.R. (2d) 456  
(C.A.) in which the County Court judge allowed an appeal from conviction on the ground that at  
the closing of the Crown's case the prosecutor did not formally tender the exhibit (the certificate  
of analysis) and there was no evidence upon which a conviction could be entered. Pace J.A.  
allowed the appeal and restored the conviction, stating:  
4 At the trial the Crown called as a witness the qualified technician, who stated  
that he had carried out the test and made the certificate of analyses, which he  
identified as Exhibit 1. The defence cross-examined this witness on the exhibit  
and permitted the certificate to be used in evidence without objection. The  
respondent now submits that the Crown, by not formally tendering the exhibit at  
the close of its case, failed to place the certificate of analyses in evidence.  
Page: 4  
5 It is our unanimous opinion that a formal statement of tender at the close of the  
Crown's case was completely unnecessary in the facts present in this appeal.  
[14] In R. v. Arnault, [1980] B.C.J. No. 338 (C.A.) the appellant was convicted of robbery,  
but the gun, money and sockette were only marked for identification and not as exhibits at trial.  
Counsel for the appellant argued that the trial judge ought not to have made any reference to  
these items. Hinckson J.A. for the Court adopted the reasoning in R. v. LeHaigh, (unreported) a  
decision of the same court in April, 1974, in which Bull J.A. stated at page 3:  
It is not necessary in law in order to convict a man on a charge of theft or  
possession of stolen goods that the goods in question be accurately marked as an  
exhibit, as long as they are sufficiently identified so that the learned trial judge  
can determine that the goods being referred to by the prosecution and witnesses  
are the same goods and not others. It is a matter of identification.  
[15] The situation is more complicated where the content of a document marked for  
identification only is not referred to by a witness, and the Crown does not tender it in the trial. In  
R. v. S.J.P., 2001 BCCA 536, 156 B.C.A.C. 311, the trial judge referred several times to the  
content of witness statements given by the victims to the police. During cross-examination of the  
police officer, the statements were marked as exhibits for identification only, but there was no  
reference to the content of either statement. There was no cross-examination of the victim Keogh  
on his statement, and the other, Sampson, was cross-examined, but not at great length. Sampson  
did say that everything in the statement was correct. The Crown argued that this made the  
statement part of the evidence at trial even though counsel did not tender either of the statements  
as exhibits in the trial. Low J.A. for the Court held that the trial judge erred in stating that both  
statements were "marked as exhibits in these proceedings." She further erred in describing  
Keogh's evidence with reference to what he said in his statement. However, this error was  
inconsequential as the trial judge referred to Keogh's testimony at length and the appellants  
identified no references to the statements that did not conform to the evidence given by that  
witness in the stand.  
[16] As for the statement of the other victim, Sampson, it was argued that the trial judge made  
one significant finding of fact found only in his statement. Low J.A. stated that because of the  
way the evidence unfolded and the witness statement came before the Court, it was not clear that  
Sampson adopted his statement to the point that it became part of his evidence. The trial judge  
did not rule on the issue and the Court of Appeal was reluctant to do so on appeal. However,  
there was other independent evidence from which the trial judge would have reached the same  
conclusion.  
[17] In R. v. Donald (1958), 121 C.C.C. 304 (N.B.S.C. App. Div.), Bridges J.A. then stated in  
obiter that an article, which is merely marked for identification, is never in law to be regarded as  
having been received in evidence. The case was cited by Jacobson PCJ in R. v. Haas, [1993] A.J.  
No. 363, 10 Alta. L.R. (3d) 179 (Prov. Ct.); however, it is clear from the context in Donald that  
Page: 5  
Bridges J.A. was addressing situations where a sufficient foundation for admission had not been  
laid.  
[18] Other lower courts have taken the position that exhibits marked for identification only do  
not become evidence in the trial. This was the conclusion reached in R. v. Penner, [1984] B.C.J.  
No. 508 (Co. Ct.), although in that case the Court further held that the trial judge erred in  
refusing to permit the Crown to reopen its case to submit the certificate in question as evidence.  
In R. v. Shumka, [1985] B.C.J. No. 675, 18 C.R.R. 340 (Co.Ct.), Millward Co.Ct.J. was of the  
view that the trial judge had made it clear that he intended only that the exhibit be marked for  
identification and reserved on whether it should form part of the Crown's case, but then on his  
own initiative, and without any opportunity to the accused or his counsel to make submissions on  
the point, took it upon himself to admit the certificate in question as an exhibit, thereby  
breaching the appellant's right to a fair trial. In R. v. McGuire, [2005] N.B.J. No. 466, 2005  
NBQB 404, McLellan J. set aside the conviction as a videotape relied on had not been formally  
offered and received as an exhibit. McLellan J. referred to no case law, nor is it clear how the  
videotape had been treated at trial in terms of adoption by a witness, cross-examination, etc.  
[19] I conclude from the foregoing that in cases where there remains a question as to whether  
or not the evidence was adopted by a witness, was admissible, or was ruled to be admissible, the  
failure to enter real evidence as an exhibit may prevent the trial judge from relying on that  
evidence in convicting an accused. However, where the admissibility is clear and the evidence  
has been adequately addressed by the relevant witness or witnesses, the weight of authority is  
that the failure to make the evidence a formal exhibit is a matter of form only and does not  
undermine an otherwise proper conviction. Further, reading documentary evidence into the  
record essentially accomplishes the same thing as entering the document as an exhibit.  
Witnesses  
Assessing the Credibility of Witnesses - Vetrovec/Khela  
[20] The Supreme Court in Vetrovec v. The Queen, [1982] 1 S.C.R. 811 held that a trial judge  
should direct his mind to all factors which might impair the worth of a witness, such as an  
accomplice, and if, in his judgment, the credit of the witness is such that the jury should be  
cautioned it would be appropriate for the judge to warn the jury that it is dangerous to adopt,  
without more, the evidence of the witness. Fish J. for the majority in R. v. Khela, 2009 SCC 4,  
[2009] 1 S.C.R. 104 explained that the principles informing the Vetrovec caution apply to the  
evidence of all witnesses who cannot be trusted to tell the truth because of their amoral  
character, criminal lifestyle, past dishonesty or interest in the outcome of the trial. Most of the  
witnesses who testified during this trial fit into one or more of those categories.  
[21] A number of courts have considered Vetrovec warnings since the Supreme Court  
decision in Khela: see, for example, R. v. Bennett, [2009] O.J. No. 1088 (Sup.Ct.Just.), R. c.  
Munyaneza, [2009] Q.J. No. 4913, 2009 QCCS 2201, R. v. Drabinsky, [2009] O.J. No. 1227  
(Sup.Ct.Just.), LSJPA -- 0917, [2009] J.Q. No. 4551, 2009 QCCA 951, R. v. Bitternose, [2009]  
Page: 6  
S.J. No. 256, 2009 SKCA 54, R. v. Korski, [2009] M.J. No. 111, 2009 MBCA 37, R. v. Tymiak,  
[2009] B.C.J. No. 465, 2009 BCCA 98 and R. v. Linklater, [2009] O.J. No. 771, 2009 ONCA  
172.  
[22] In the context of a judge alone trial, the following approach emerges from Vetrovec,  
Khela, and the above cases. First, the trial judge should objectively identify and comment on  
why certain testimonial evidence requires special scrutiny. Secondly, the trial judge should  
consider the importance of the witness’ evidence in the case against the accused. A more  
important witness should lead to greater scrutiny of the evidence; where the guilt of the accused  
is made to rest exclusively or substantially on the testimony of a single witness of doubtful credit  
or veracity, the danger of a wrongful conviction is particularly acute. Finally, the trial judge  
should look for and identify any evidence from another source tending to show that the  
untrustworthy witness is telling the truth. Confirmatory evidence should support material parts of  
the witnesses' evidence. This would not include evidence that is tainted by connection to the  
suspect witness. Individual items of confirmatory evidence need not implicate the accused but  
should confirm relevant aspects of the witness’ account in the context of the case as a whole. As  
well, the evidence of a co-conspirator or otherwise suspect witness may be used as confirmatory  
evidence. There are dangers in using the testimony of one unreliable witness to support that of  
another, but if there has been no opportunity for the witnesses to collude and coordinate their  
stories, and if there are important similarities in their testimony, either because of the unusual  
nature of the similar details or because of the number of similarities, or both, it is open to  
conclude that the similarities were unlikely to be explained as a coincidence and were more  
likely a result of both telling the truth on those issues.  
[23] Keeping the foregoing in mind, I will address the testimony of each witness. I have  
initially set out the testimony of each witness as presented, whether or not I have accepted it as  
true. Following the outline of each witness’ evidence, I provide general comments on their  
evidence, including findings relating to credibility and reliability.  
Co-Conspirators  
Judy Monahan  
[24] Judy Monahan is 45 years old and has worked in Winnipeg, Manitoba, since September  
2002. Prior to moving to Manitoba she was employed with Johnson Realty and Insurance in  
Devon, Alberta, between 1988 and 2000. While in Devon she worked as an insurance broker,  
had special training in the registry office, and took courses to become a qualified registry agent.  
[25] In late 2000, Monahan was in the process of leaving her employment at Johnson Realty  
and Insurance and was approached by Harjit Judge, Frank Dyck and Manny Deol who wanted to  
start an insurance business in Edmonton. The proposal was that Frank Dyck would be the  
majority owner, Harjit Judge and Manny Deol would be minority shareholders, and she would  
receive 5% of the shares. An agreement was reached and the insurance company, Supreme  
Insurance, was operated out of the offices of Harjit Judge. Monahan was the only company  
Page: 7  
employee and her duties included giving quotes in order to sell individual insurance policies, for  
which she would receive a commission based on the value of the policy. Harjit Judge was not a  
lawyer but did some real estate work and helped many people with immigration issues. He  
worked with a lawyer named Jorginder Kandola and employed a receptionist/bookkeeper,  
Tamara Kemick.  
[26] Monahan met Pervez in early 2001 through Harjit Judge. Pervez, who was buying a  
house and wanted an insurance quote, attended her office with his brother Shezad Ahmad. She  
provided him with a quote for the house insurance and wrote an auto insurance policy for Shezad  
Ahmad. Pervez advised her that he needed insurance on a property on Fort Road in Edmonton,  
Alberta. She understood he was going to buy the property, renovate it and then sell it. She  
needed to go look at the property because of the neighbourhood it was in, and eventually gave  
him a quote. Pervez talked a lot about his business and how he would buy properties, renovate  
them, and help people buy the properties and then assume the titles. He was trying to convince  
her that he was doing a viable business. The buyers would be investors who would buy the  
property without putting any money into it. Pervez would manage the properties. The investors  
would simply have to get a mortgage, and once the property was renovated, they would have it  
appraised and resell it. The investors would receive $1,000 for their involvement.  
[27] Monahan would write insurance policies for the houses being sold by Pervez, and also  
recruited people to become investors. She was aware that Harjit Judge had bought a property  
because she had written an insurance policy for him. She approached Sheila Holloway and  
Sheila Straub to become investors. Sheila Holloway was Elizabeth Holloway’s sister with whom  
Monahan had lived with for the past ten years, and Sheila Straub was a friend. Monahan never  
requested any appraisals for herself or her buyers, but did request them on occasion from Pervez  
or Ron Dinning for the purpose of placing insurance on the properties. Insurance policy  
payments were usually made by Pervez.  
[28] Pervez would satisfy the down payment requirements, the insurance, taxes, and took care  
of everything in relation to the properties. With respect to all of the transactions, Pervez  
determined the price, which Monahan believed was based on appraisals, and the property would  
then be sold at that price. All of the properties belonged to Pervez or his associates, including  
Kahlon, Rashid, Kelly Sekhon, Brito and O’Neil Knight. The investors would put nothing into  
the property and their only duty was to obtain a mortgage. Pervez was responsible for the taxes,  
insurance, legal fees, and all other requirements.  
[29] Monahan was given a blank mortgage application form which she would complete or  
give to her buyers or investors to complete. Pervez would tell her which documents were  
required, such as employment letters, pay stubs and any other documentation, and she would  
obtain them from the buyers and give the information to Pervez for the purpose of getting the  
mortgage. Monahan prepared gift letters, as instructed by Pervez, which were necessary to  
account for the down payments which she understood were being paid by Pervez. She saw  
Pervez with blank real estate contracts which he sometimes carried with him.  
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[30] Pervez would tell Monahan who the lawyer was on each deal and she would tell the  
investors where to attend. In the beginning, the lawyer was Jorginder Kandola, and later Scott  
Park. Monahan never told any of the investors or buyers what to say or not to say to the lawyers,  
and simply told them to show up at the lawyer’s office at a particular time.  
[31] Monahan registered 923080 Alberta Ltd., as she was an authorized agent and worked  
some evenings with Millwoods Registry, providing her with access to the Alberta Corporate  
Registry. Pervez asked her to be a director and she agreed. She understood her role to be to sign  
documents when nobody else was around or available to sign them. On February 5, 2001,  
Monahan also became a director of 895238 Alberta Ltd. (Exhibit 46). She stated that she  
incorporated this company when she was thinking of buying Johnson Realty and Insurance in  
Devon, but I note that she was already working at Supreme Insurance from December 2000 due  
to Johnson Realty and Insurance having been previously sold to one of her co-workers.  
[32] Monahan was questioned regarding properties in Camrose. She was aware that there  
were two buildings of several units each, and that the units would be converted into condo units  
and sold individually. She was also aware that there was a condo association which would have  
to be set up and a reserve fund, but she did not receive any legal advice in this regard. Monahan  
had to create a document for the condo association, which was then given to the law office. She  
knew that there was a requirement for an Estoppel Certificate and she followed a form that had  
been received from a lawyer to create the document, but all of this information would have come  
from Pervez. She never spoke to anybody at Scorgie Park about an Estoppel Certificate for a  
condo association. Later, Monahan testified that she was not sure where Pervez got the format  
for the Estoppel Certificate forms, but that he got the condo association draft documents from the  
Venkatraman Law Office.  
[33] Monahan’s arrangement with Pervez was as follows. Pervez would use the appraised  
value to determine the price and would obtain a mortgage for 75% of the appraised value. In  
relation to conventional mortgages, Monahan would receive a small fee and the $1,000 required  
to be paid to the qualified buyer would be paid by Pervez. In addition, Monahan would write the  
insurance policies on the properties and receive commissions from those policies. Monahan  
would receive $2,000 from Pervez for finding qualifying buyers who would qualify for CMHC  
or high ratio mortgages. In those situations, the mortgage would usually be for 95% of the  
appraised value. Pervez would get 75% of the mortgage funds and Monahan “would get the rest  
of the mortgage monies.” Pervez would give her the account numbers for the mortgages for her  
qualified buyers and also the cash required to make the deposits into the accounts to cover the  
mortgage payments. She would receive a lump sum of money from Pervez, as much as $10,000,  
and the list of accounts which required the money to be paid into them.  
[34] Monahan also worked in Winnipeg for Kahlon, Rashid and Kelly Sekhon collecting rents  
which she would give to Pervez and then he would divide the monies with the others. All of  
these individuals had interests in properties in Winnipeg. She loaned $50,000 to Pervez in the  
summer of 2002, and rather than Pervez repaying her the $50,000, she received a half-share in  
five properties in Winnipeg. Bank of Montreal and CMHC mortgages were done by Pervez for  
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her to pay her for the work she was doing in Winnipeg. Pervez would keep 75% of the mortgage  
and she would get the balance of the mortgage. She was required from the balance of the  
mortgage to pay the $1,000 to her qualifying buyers. She was usually paid by Pervez by cheque,  
she thought sometimes through the Park Law Office.  
[35] A review of the filed documentation (Exhibits 61, 62, 65, 66, 165, 183) shows that  
Monahan was involved in at least 38 transactions between March 2001 and June 2003.  
Seventeen of those transactions relate to specific counts. The admitted buyers recruited by  
Monahan included Sheila Holloway, Elizabeth Holloway, Sheila Straub, Jayne Sluchinski,  
Beverly Haugh, Beverly Dos Santos and Sylvia Parsons. Four different lawyers provided  
services in relation to these transactions: Jorginder Kandola, David Coley (one transaction),  
Scott Park and Pops Venkatraman.  
[36] Monahan acknowledged that it was her own handwriting and forged documentation on an  
Offer to Purchase by Sheila Holloway (Exhibit 23, p. 89). She justified the forgery by stating  
that “they” (the buyers), would still have to go to a lawyer. Monahan admitted to a forgery of  
another Offer to Purchase (Exhibit 8, p. 98). When asked why she forged the document, she  
stated, “I guess I was sucked in too far to be thinking very clearly.” Monahan confirmed that the  
gift letter in relation to Sheila Holloway (Exhibit 16, p. 127) was signed by her and was never  
truthful. Pervez wanted the gift letters to show a sum of money being paid as a down payment,  
and that these monies were coming from someone close to the buyer. Monahan prepared pay  
stubs from information provided to her by Pervez.  
[37] In relation to Sheila Straub, Monahan gave her $1,000 out of the mortgage funds for each  
of eight transactions. Monahan believed the money came through the lawyer Jorginder Kandola.  
She believed that Scott Park was the lawyer in relation to the second transaction in 2002. On a  
further property involving Sheila Straub, the sellers were Monahan and Pervez’s numbered  
company 923080. Monahan arranged for the appraisal in relation to that sale and determined the  
price. She was going to make money by making “mortgage flips.” Pervez said that in return for  
helping him, he would help her to make a profit on deals of her own. In relation to that property  
(Exhibit 61, p. 3), Monahan’s gain was the difference between the mortgage of around $85,000  
and the payout of the previous mortgage of about $55,000, leaving a net amount of  
approximately $30,000 for her which she used to purchase three properties from the Maloneys.  
[38] The first Power of Attorney granted by Sheila Straub to Monahan was prepared by  
Tamara Kemick, and Bindon also prepared some for her. Monahan had three or four blank  
Powers of Attorney which did not contain the addresses of the properties or legal descriptions.  
She believed Bindon would have filled them in later.  
[39] Monahan purchased some property herself as part of this fraud. She saw Scott Park in  
relation to a property purchased by her numbered company 895238 (Exhibit 12). She did not  
remember discussing the sale price nor meeting with Scott Park regarding this transaction. The  
property was eventually sold to a numbered company belonging to Bindon. It was Monahan’s  
idea to do this because she did not want to deal with this property anymore. In relation to the  
property on 91st Street (Exhibit 183, p. 3), the documentation shows that Monahan personally  
Page: 10  
purchased this property from her numbered company, 923080. Although Monahan appears to  
have sworn a Dower Affidavit before Scott Park, she indicated that she had no conversations  
with him at all. She further stated that in relation to this property, she would have received  
approximately $25,000, being the difference between the mortgage and the original purchase  
price. She would have received these monies from Scott Park. No cheque from Scott Park in  
relation to this property was entered into evidence.  
[40] She did not recall any conversations with Scott Park with respect to another of her  
purchases (Exhibit 3), although it appears that she signed an Affidavit of Transferee before him.  
Monahan added she perhaps did not recall any conversations with Scott Park because of the  
passage of time. She added, however, that when it came to the part of an Affidavit where Scott  
Park would question whether she would reside in the property, they both laughed.  
[41] Monahan acknowledged that the information contained in Clauses 5, 7 and 8 of a  
Statutory Declaration (Exhibit 3, p. 122) were false. When asked why she signed a false  
Declaration before Scott Park, she indicated that she was not thinking very well. In relation to  
this transaction she received $1,000 from Pervez, who was responsible for the mortgage  
payments.  
[42] Another transaction on the chart (Exhibit 66) relates to a property and a mortgage by  
Elizabeth Holloway (Exhibit 165). Monahan stated that she received a “small part of the  
mortgage proceeds,” approximately $10,000, and that Pervez got most of the mortgage proceeds.  
[43] With regard to the properties sold to buyer Beverly Dos Santos, Monahan indicated that  
she would have obtained a credit application from Pervez, and that once completed, it would  
have been given to Pervez or the mortgage broker for processing. This was the same as all of the  
other deals, and Beverly Dos Santos would have been paid $1,000 per transaction.  
[44] Monahan also recruited Jayne Sluchinski as a buyer for several transactions. Monahan  
stated that she forged Sluchinski’s signature on a transfer (Exhibit 4, p. 61). On another property  
(Exhibit 6), Monahan could not recall a call from the Park Law Office about a problem with a  
void cheque. Either Bindon or Pervez might have asked her for a void cheque. Although this  
transaction was effected using a Power of Attorney from Jayne Sluchinski to Monahan,  
Monahan stated that she never discussed anything with Scott Park.  
[45] Monahan agreed that she had forged Beverly Haugh’s signature on an Offer to Purchase  
(Exhibit 13, p. 114), and that she simply made up the buyer’s name. She denied knowing  
anything about another transaction involving Beverly Haugh (Exhibit 15), although the  
transaction was effected by way of a Power of Attorney by Beverly Haugh to her. Monahan had  
no idea how a CMHC mortgage was obtained by Beverly Haugh in relation to a further property  
(Exhibit 35). The purchase price would have been based on an appraisal obtained by Pervez.  
Monahan was to receive the amount above the 75% of the face value of the mortgage, which, in  
this case, amounted to approximately $28,000. She received the balance of these funds from the  
Scott Park Law Office. No documentary evidence of such a payment was entered in the trial.  
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[46] Monahan also recruited Sylvia Parsons as a buyer. Monahan never sent any of her  
qualifying buyers to the Venkatraman law firm but only to the Park law firm. This appears to be  
contradicted by the documentation which shows a number of transactions or mortgages prepared  
by the Kandola Law Office, Venkatraman Law Office and, on one occasion, David Coley.  
[47] Monahan did not acknowledge her signature on the transfer by her numbered company,  
895238 Alberta Ltd., to Robbie Madan (Exhibit 40), although she agreed that the witness,  
Florence Brown, was her mother. Part of Exhibit 40 is an Affidavit of Execution apparently  
sworn by Florence Brown before a Manitoba Notary Public.  
[48] Monahan stated that she never prepared an insurance binder letter knowing it to be false.  
She recruited buyers because originally it sounded like a good business proposition. She realized  
there was something wrong in 2002. She was preparing false documents, but Pervez was a good  
seller or a good talker and he made promises. Initially it did not matter to her what documents  
she created or falsified, and she was willing to fill in documents containing false information.  
She knew the documents would be relied upon. She also states, however, that she did not know  
that what she was doing was illegal or wrong. She never told any of her qualifying buyers to lie.  
She was simply trying to help her friends make some extra money. She found out about the  
deceit within a year. She was not aware that residing in the houses was a requirement, and none  
of her qualifiers ever said anything about that. She became aware of the requirement to reside in  
the houses when she did her own mortgage. She believed that so long as the lawyers went along  
with it, everything was okay. She understood from Pervez that the lawyers had the funds to cover  
such things as deposits, down payments and other required payments.  
[49] In cross-examination with respect to her involvement with a numbered company with  
Pervez, 923080 Alberta Ltd., Monahan admitted that what was good for Pervez’s business was  
good for her. Monahan and Pervez had an understanding that he was authorized to use the  
numbered company, 923080 Alberta Ltd., and she was a director in name only.  
[50] Monahan’s employment at Supreme Insurance ceased at the end of June 2002, around the  
time the licence for the insurance brokerage ended. She told Bindon that she could not issue any  
more insurance binders, and stated she did not issue any insurance binders after Supreme  
Insurance was sold at either the end of June or July 2002. When shown insurance binders or  
binder letters dated July 12, 2002, August 30, 2002 and September 5, 2002 showing requests and  
communications from herself and Bindon requiring insurance binders, as evidenced in Exhibits  
184, 185, 186 and 187, Monahan stated that she would not have issued binders for the five  
properties referred to in Exhibit 187. Exhibit 187, which refers to September 5, 2002 and is  
addressed to Monahan, states, “Judy . . . have received the insurance binders.”  
[51] Monahan was also shown a void cheque marked Exhibit “E” for Identification. She  
agreed that the void cheque, which was not personalized, was in relation to her second account  
which she had at the TD Bank in Millwoods. She was also shown a personalized void cheque  
which was marked as Exhibit 188 in regard to the same bank account number. The fax header  
indicated it came from Judge & Associates, and the message which she confirmed was sent by  
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her to Bindon. The handwritten message on the fax asked Bindon if she wanted a non-  
personalized cheque, and if it could be used for the two Sheilas. In cross-examination, Monahan  
was asked if the idea was to conceal the source of the bank account from the lenders. Monahan  
was very defensive in answering this question, and ultimately did not answer the question.  
[52] Further, Monahan was questioned about different signatures and the identification of her  
signatures. Exhibit “D” for Identification was entered, which was a binder of documents  
containing many of what appeared to be her signature. The documents contained in Exhibit “D”  
for Identification were the same documents that were put to Monahan in her interview with the  
police on October 26, 2005. The difference in cross-examination is that she was not shown the  
document itself but the signature only. The result of this cross-examination was that on at least  
12 or 13 occasions she gave a different response at trial as to whether the signature was hers than  
she did when she identified the same signature in her interview with the police in 2005.  
Monahan was defensive in responding to these contradictions. She attempted to provide excuses  
as to why she provided different responses in October 2005 and at the trial, stating that she had  
seen a great deal of documents and did not have time to study them in depth. She further  
indicated that it was her gut reaction at that time. Monahan went on to explain that the difference  
between her responses at trial and during the police interview was due to her lack of familiarity  
with the documents.  
[53] Monahan agreed that she told Beverly Haugh to talk to the police so that they may feel  
sorry for her.  
[54] In cross-examination, Monahan again stated that she only signed documents with Scott  
Park once, and that was when she purchased a property from Pervez. However, she agreed that  
she told the police in 2005 that she had never dealt with a lawyer. Monahan went on to state that  
she had forgotten to tell the police about the one time meeting with Scott Park. When she was  
again asked about her meeting with Scott Park, she stated that Scott Park asked her if she was  
going to live in the property and they sort of laughed and joked about it. Monahan agreed that at  
the Preliminary Inquiry she stated that she did not believe that there was any such discussion that  
had taken place. She then attempted to qualify her answer by stating that what she would have  
meant at the Preliminary Inquiry was that she had no specific discussion with Scott Park.  
Monahan also stated that although she did not tell the police in 2005 or testify at the Preliminary  
Inquiry in 2007 about the joke or laughter regarding her living in the property, she simply stated  
that she forgot about that incident at those times. Monahan stated that her dealings with the Park  
Law Office between March 2001 and the fall of 2002 were usually with Bindon. She stated that  
if Pervez needed something, she would deal with Bindon. All of her dealings with Bindon would  
have had to do with Pervez’s business, except for her own three properties. Monahan confirmed  
that often the request for documents came from Bindon and not Scott Park. Monahan grudgingly  
agreed that she and Bindon were Pervez’s “work bees,” so to speak.  
[55] Monahan agreed that she participated in several activities to help Pervez, including:  
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setting up a company for Pervez;  
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setting up a company for Elizabeth Holloway;  
approaching friends for investment opportunities;  
giving out credit applications that looked official;  
collecting credit applications;  
preparing false pay stubs;  
preparing false gift letters;  
signing transfers of property for Jayne Sluchinski without the latter’s knowledge;  
preparing false real estate contracts;  
forging signatures;  
preparing void cheques to let the mortgage payments go through her account in  
order to conceal or mislead the banks; and  
generally putting up a false front.  
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[56] Monahan’s evidence must be viewed very carefully given her unsavoury character. She  
admitted to being a part of an extensive fraud and actively participating on many fronts to further  
the frauds. She not only participated in order to assist Pervez, but also for her own personal  
benefit through the commissions she received on insurance binders or the substantial amounts  
received in relation to CMHC mortgages. I found her testimony to be untrustworthy. Throughout  
her evidence she attempted to minimize her involvement by stating she only did what Pervez told  
her to do, yet she was prepared to benefit from the illegal activity. Further, contradictions  
between her statements to the police, the Preliminary Inquiry and the trial show a lack of  
credibility and a clear attempt to tailor her evidence to suit her best interests. The only aspect of  
her testimony, which seems to have been borne out by her own documents, was that there was a  
close relationship between herself and Bindon and that they worked together to further Pervez’s  
fraud.  
Harkamaljit (Tony) Kahlon  
[57] Harkamaljit Kahlon, also known as Tony Kahlon, is presently 31 years old. He provided  
the following evidence. Kahlon has two brothers, Arpajit and Parwinder Kahlon. He first met  
Pervez through a university acquaintance, Shezad Ahmad, who was Pervez’s brother. Shezad  
Ahmad introduced him to Pervez in relation to real estate. Between 2001 and 2005, Kahlon  
developed a friendship with Pervez, and remains his friend to this date because they worked out  
together every day.  
[58] Pervez talked to Kahlon about buying and flipping houses. He guessed that Pervez had a  
lot of houses and the idea was to find persons to qualify for mortgages. Kahlon assumed that  
Pervez would set the purchase price based on appraisals. Pervez would get 75% of the appraised  
value of the home, and if the mortgage was a CMHC mortgage, Kahlon would get the difference  
between the 75% and the remainder of the mortgage, which was usually 95% of the purchase  
price, for a total of around 20% of the CMHC mortgage proceeds. With respect to conventional  
mortgages, Pervez stated that there was equity and therefore one could sit on the property or find  
somebody else to take the money out of the property. Others were recruiting qualified buyers and  
Page: 14  
flipping property with Pervez, including Rashid, Kalmoot (Kelly) Sekhon, Monahan, Brito,  
Caroca, Bindon and Terry Ellis. Kahlon incorporated a numbered company in January 2001 for  
his real estate business. He was told by Shezad Ahmad that it would be best to have the  
properties held by a numbered company.  
[59] The evidence discloses that Tony Kahlon was involved in 33 transactions between March  
2001 and February 2005 (Exhibit 160 (time line), Exhibits 62, 103, 104, 154, 159 and 179), and  
individual counts (Exhibits 11, 17, 31, 32, 36, 37, 38, 39 and 40). The individuals he recruited  
were either family members, friends of family members or known acquaintances. The lawyers  
involved in the transactions included Jorginder Kandola, David Coley, Robert Burgener, Scott  
Park and Pops Venkatraman. Kahlon knew Scott Park as a lawyer and met him through Pervez,  
but only met with him a few times. Scott Park and/or Bindon were involved from July 2001 to  
April 2003. David Coley and Robert Burgener were only involved in one transaction. Scott Park  
witnessed five of the subject mortgages. Bindon witnessed six of the subject mortgages. The  
remainder were witnessed by the individual law firms noted above.  
[60] Kahlon would usually get the documentation that was required in relation to the  
mortgage qualifiers or buyers, such as pay stubs, T4s and employment letters. He was asked  
about each of the 33 mortgages for which he recruited buyers, and for most of the transactions  
indicated that he did not remember much about them or had no idea, nor was he sure why his  
numbered company was involved in several of the transactions.  
[61] With respect to the first property sold by his numbered company to his brother Palwinder,  
Kahlon indicated that he did not know how his brother got a mortgage on the property. The  
second transaction in March 2001 involved a friend, Mr. Moudgil. Kahlon would have told him  
the same thing as he told all of the others, that is, that he would be buying a house and would be  
part of a joint venture. The house would be renovated and sold, and they would split the profits  
50/50. Mr. Moudgil did not put any money down for this property but the renovations would  
become the down payment. Kahlon believed some renovations were done on this property. Some  
of the recruitees just wanted the $1,000 payment as opposed to actually buying a house, but  
some did want to buy a house to later sell and make some money.  
[62] Michael Albert (Exhibit 11) at first wanted to buy a house to make a profit but then later  
changed his mind and simply wanted the $1,000 fee for qualifying for the mortgage. Kahlon met  
with Michael Albert at Home Placement Systems and laid out these options to him. Kahlon  
believed that he was given a Power of Attorney from Michael Albert in relation to the second  
property (Exhibit 17), because Albert was going to be out of town. Michael Albert knew of the  
houses that were being purchased and the addresses. Kahlon stated that he had never seen a gift  
letter to Michael Albert. When asked about whether he told Michael Albert to lie to the lawyer,  
Kahlon indicated that there was nothing to lie about and that Michael Albert was not paying  
anything down. Kahlon stated that Michael Albert never moved into that property, but he had the  
option to do so. Kahlon did not recall a void cheque from his own numbered company being  
provided on the Michael Albert mortgage and stated that he just did what he was told by Shezad  
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Ahmad. Michael Albert was paid $500 or $1,000 from his own monies or from Shezad Ahmad  
for each of the properties purchased.  
[63] Faycal Khalil (Exhibit 31) was Kahlon’s friend and barber. Faycal Khalil was  
considering purchasing a house because he was getting married. Kahlon received approximately  
$120,000 in relation to this CMHC mortgage, being the difference between the 75% of the  
appraised value and 95% of the mortgage. Kahlon believed that his portion of the mortgage  
proceeds came from Bindon by way of a cheque signed by Scott Park. He did not prepare Faycal  
Khalil’s employment letter and pay stubs, and had never seen them before. He did not prepare  
the Offer to Purchase. After some hesitation, Kahlon stated that he thought it was Rashid who  
would have taken the Offer to Purchase to him for his signature. He knew nothing about a gift  
letter.  
[64] Kahlon believed Bindon went to Derek Duncombe’s work or home to get the necessary  
information for that mortgage (Exhibit 36). This was a CMHC mortgage but Kahlon did not  
know exactly how much he received because he did major renovations to the house. He got a  
telephone call from David Gorn, mortgage broker, who stated that Derek Duncombe had to pay  
an existing line of credit of $48,000 as part of the condition of the mortgage. Kahlon got a  
cheque from the Park Law Office after he told Bindon that he needed a cheque. Bindon gave him  
a trust cheque which was deposited into Duncombe’s CIBC line of credit account, and on the  
same day, a withdrawal of $43,642.67 was made, which Kahlon returned to the Park Law Office.  
Some of Kahlon’s own money was held at the Park Law Office.  
[65] With respect to a property purchased by Michael Young (Exhibit 37), Kahlon purchased  
this property from Michael Young and paid him $9,000 in cash, being the difference between  
what Young paid for it and what he paid for it.  
[66] Recruitee Robbie Madan (Exhibit 40) had to pay 5% down and Kahlon gave him that  
money for one day to show that it went into his account. Kahlon surmised that the mortgage  
broker said he needed a bank slip showing that the deposit was made. Kahlon did not prepare or  
know anything about a gift letter from Kamal Madan to Robbie Madan, but agreed that his phone  
number appeared on the gift letter. The mortgage payments for Robbie Madan were coming out  
of Kahlon’s Royal Bank account because Madan was arguing with his wife and Kahlon agreed to  
make the payments for him for awhile.  
[67] Kahlon did not know that the property involving Mina Khoshnavaz (Exhibit 32) was  
eventually sold to Scott Park’s company, Lex Notitia. Bindon told him that this was Scott Park’s  
company. Kahlon met with Scott Park on “a bunch of occasions,” either at Bindon’s or  
elsewhere, such as restaurants. On one occasion he heard Scott Park indicate that he would like  
to get into properties and get in on making some money. It was just general talk, and he assumed  
that Lex Notitia was being used to buy the properties. Kahlon overheard Bindon ask Scott Park  
how much he was making on these properties.  
Page: 16  
[68] In cross-examination, Kahlon denied his role in the transactions as being a property  
manager for Pervez. He did some work for Pervez but he never got paid and was just helping  
him. However, when asked whether he remembered the day of his arrest and telling the police at  
the time of his arrest that he was a property manager, Kahlon changed his answer and said that  
he did remember telling the police that he was just a property manager.  
[69] Kahlon agreed that his job was to recruit buyers, and when it was time to send a buyer to  
a lawyer, somebody else would tell him and he would then send the buyer to the lawyer. The  
lawyer could be the lawyer listed on the Offer to Purchase form. Kahlon never spoke to Scott  
Park about any of the transactions.  
[70] Kahlon was present when he overheard Bindon telling Pervez that they were having a  
couple of problems with the banks. Kahlon believed that Bindon was making all of the calls, that  
is, all of the decisions.  
[71] Kahlon never lied to anybody with whom he had involvement in relation to these  
transactions, nor did he forge or prepare any gift letters, real estate contracts, pay stubs, or  
employment letters. He never lied about any buyers or the properties or anything else. He did not  
know that any attempts were being made by anyone to deceive the lenders. In cross-examination,  
when questioned about his signature on an Affidavit of Transferee (Exhibit 14, p. 32; Exhibit 16,  
p. 48), Kahlon stated that the signatures looked like his and were similar to his, but he was not  
sure because he had seen Bindon forging signatures with a glass and tracing over the glass.  
[72] Kahlon acknowledged that he spent 18 months at the Remand Centre, and that on June  
19, 2007 he pled guilty to 12 counts of fraud in relation to these proceedings, receiving a  
sentence of time served. It should be noted that Exhibit 192, entitled Agreed Statement of Facts,  
shows the 12 counts upon which Tony Kahlon pled guilty to fraud. Nine of the 12 counts involve  
Michael Albert, Faycal Khalil, Mina Khoshnavaz, Derek Duncombe, Steve Young, and Robbie  
Madan. When he was released from custody on June 19, 2007, he was aware and had been  
informed by the Crown that he would be required as a witness in this trial and the Terry Ellis  
trial. Kahlon met with the Crown Prosecutor and a police officer on April 21, 2008 for  
approximately one hour and 45 minutes for a pre-trial interview to prepare him to be a witness in  
this trial. On May 23, 2008 he telephoned the police officer who was present at the April 21,  
2008 meeting, and told him that he now remembered things that he did not say to the Crown  
Prosecutor or the police officer at the April 21, 2008 meeting.  
[73] In cross-examination, Kahlon stated what he now remembered was the conversation that  
he testified to in direct examination, that he had overheard between Bindon and Scott Park as to  
how much money they each had made on various transactions.  
[74] He again met with the Crown Prosecutor, Michelle Doyle, and a police officer on  
September 15, 2008. Kahlon denied asking the Crown Prosecutor or the police officer for a letter  
in support of Pervez’s upcoming parole hearing. As a result of the last statement under oath to  
the Court by Kahlon denying that he had requested a letter in support of Pervez’s upcoming  
Page: 17  
parole hearing, the Crown Prosecutor produced the police officer who was present at the meeting  
in the interest of trial fairness. The Court heard and accepts the evidence of Detective  
Christopher Hayduk, who was present at the September 15, 2008 meeting. Detective Hayduk  
testified that Kahlon requested that the Crown Prosecutor write a letter for Pervez for his  
upcoming parole in October of 2008.  
[75] Kahlon’s evidence must be viewed with extreme caution as he was an admitted part of  
the conspiracy and benefited from these crimes and has pled guilty to committing fraud. I find  
the testimony of Kahlon to be unreliable and self-serving and on occasion fabricated. His  
testimony was always calculated to minimize his involvement, and when an issue appeared not  
to be answered, his response was to state that he did not remember or that he was guessing as to  
what had happened. I am satisfied that Kahlon is not being truthful in relation to whether he  
knew or was aware that there was illegal activity occurring in an attempt to deceive the lenders.  
His own evidence discloses that he witnessed Bindon forging signatures, and further he entered  
guilty pleas to 12 counts of committing fraud.  
[76] With respect to Kahlon’s testimony that he overheard a conversation between Bindon and  
Scott Park regarding how much money they would make on various properties, I find that  
statement to be a recent fabrication. Kahlon’s explanation for remembering in May 2008 the  
conversation between Bindon and Scott Park is that after he met with the police and the Crown  
Prosecutor in April 2008 for the purpose of extensive pre-trial preparation, he went home and  
spoke to his father who simply told him to tell the truth. That conversation with his father would  
have apparently triggered his memory to something that he had not related over the past five  
years. This sudden recall of memory was then followed up by Kahlon’s request at the September  
15, 2008 meeting between the Crown Prosecutor, police, and himself for a letter to help his  
friend Pervez. It is clear, and as the Crown Prosecutor in this case has agreed, that Kahlon lied  
under oath during this trial. I am satisfied that the lie to the Court regarding the request for a  
letter from the Crown Prosecutor is simply a continuation of the fabrication that he started in  
May 2008 in an attempt to help his friend, Pervez.  
Rodrigo Caroca  
[77] Rodrigo Caroca has lived in Edmonton for approximately 25 years and has been a friend  
of Brito for many years. His evidence is as follows.  
[78] In approximately 2000 Caroca and Brito formed a real estate business. Brito told Caroca  
that they would buy properties, renovate them, refurbish them, and sell them, and that his role in  
the business would be to manage the properties. Brito knew that Caroca had taken some real  
estate courses. Caroca did not know what the relationship was between Pervez and Brito. He was  
aware that some of the properties being purchased came from Pervez but could not recall how  
they were going to be purchased. Caroca and Brito were equal partners. Caroca was going to be  
the property manager and Brito would be responsible as the “lead guy” for making the deals, and  
Caroca did not have any direct dealings with Pervez. Brito was the contact for the mortgage  
Page: 18  
brokers and the lawyers. Caroca’s responsibility was more as property manager, taking care of  
the rents and also collecting some of the documents from the investors and giving them to Brito  
or the mortgage brokers. As property manager, his responsibility would be to rent the properties  
out and collect the rents. He believed throughout these dealings that he may have contributed  
$10,000 of his own money. Caroca was the director with Brito of two companies: Homesteader  
and Alliance Mortgage.  
[79] When asked how the deals occurred and the details of his involvement, Caroca invariably  
responded (more than 40 times) that he could not recall or that he had no recall, and that it was a  
long time ago. At best, his recall allowed him to say that it was expected that the buyers would  
get a fee of somewhere between $3,000 to $5,000 from the mortgage proceeds, but that he did  
not know who may or may not have been paid. He did not believe that any monies were provided  
by any of the buyers but he was not sure. He did recall that on some of the properties which he  
managed, he would find renters, collect the rent and give the rent monies to the buyers to make  
the mortgage payments. Further, if he collected rent, he would make the deposit of the money  
into the investors’ or buyers’ accounts or give them the money directly to make the mortgage  
payments. If a property being sold belonged to himself and Brito or their companies, then if there  
was extra money on the mortgage, the money would go to them. He learned some of this from  
Brito but never received any instructions from Pervez. He did not work for anybody, and the  
relationship between Brito and Pervez was “simply business”.  
[80] The process of obtaining the mortgages was by the usual method: by use of mortgage  
brokers, realtors and lawyers. Caroca could not recall how lawyers were chosen but he was not  
involved. He knew Scott Park as a lawyer and saw him maybe three times at his office, but  
usually stayed in the waiting area. On further direct examination, he stated that he probably met  
Scott Park five or six times. Caroca could not recall how it was that Scott Park was chosen to act  
on behalf of his parents or for him on a purchase. He assumed that Scott Park was introduced to  
him by Brito. He recalled seeing Scott Park on an occasion at a property which he assumed was  
Scott Park’s property because he was cutting the lawn. Caroca knew Bindon as a legal assistant  
and may have given her some information, but he could not recall. He did recall dealing with the  
law offices of Pops Venkatraman and also recalled lawyers Patrick Miranda and Mr. Richards.  
He did not recall Richard Borchert or Leslie Meiklejohn.  
[81] In the end, Caroca did not make any money in relation to the transactions because he was  
always trying to play catchup and never did catch up. It should be noted that Caroca and Brito  
were involved as recruiters or co-conspirators in relation to 27 transactions involving 20  
different properties (Exhibits 26, 27, 161 and 162). The documentation contained in Exhibits 161  
and the time line of Exhibit 162 show that Scott Park and/or Bindon were involved in the first  
nine transactions, commencing in November 2001 to December 2002. The remaining  
transactions, from early 2003 until January 2005, appear to have been done by lawyers Pops  
Venkatraman or his office, Patrick Miranda, Leslie Meiklejohn and Richard Borchert.  
[82] Caroca found out that it was a condition of the Anne Chiasson mortgage (Exhibit 26) that  
she live in the property and he may have told her something about this requirement.  
Page: 19  
[83] Caroca’s testimony as outlined above must be treated with caution. He was extremely  
evasive and continually responded by stating that he did not know or could not recall any of the  
events. His testimony is unreliable.  
Zafir Rashid  
[84] Zafir Rashid is currently 35 years old and a self-employed land developer. His family and  
Pervez’s family have been friends since approximately 1983. His evidence is as follows.  
[85] Rashid and Pervez were friends on a social level. He had discussions with Pervez in 2000  
or 2001 regarding real estate. Pervez suggested he get his real estate licence. He was under the  
impression that Pervez bought, sold or rented property. Pervez told him that there were  
opportunities in real estate. The first were regarding a few properties in Camrose, Alberta.  
Pervez told him Rashid could find people to buy the properties by having them qualify for a  
mortgage. Once they had qualified for a mortgage, Pervez would give him some money for  
doing this. Rashid understood that the buyers would be getting the property at 75% of the  
appraised value. Pervez asked him to collect all of the necessary information from the buyers in  
order that they could obtain and qualify for a mortgage, such as employment letters, Social  
Insurance Numbers, and pay stubs. The usual steps in finding buyers were to locate people with  
good credit ratings. Rashid assumed that there would be no money down. Rashid would tell the  
buyers not to worry and that there would be no liability, and that the property would be  
transferred out of their name. He would collect the necessary information for them to qualify,  
and would tell them that they would have to set up a bank account. He did not think any of the  
buyers were concerned, and nobody raised any concerns with him. He gave the information he  
collected to Pervez, and if the buyers qualified for a mortgage, Pervez would tell him to tell the  
buyer to go see a lawyer. He usually went with the buyer to the lawyer’s office, but usually  
stayed in the lobby. He never gave any of the buyers any instructions on what to say, nor did he  
tell them to lie.  
[86] Rashid was himself involved in recruiting or in the purchase of 19 properties (Exhibit  
158). Three of the properties were the subject of individual fraud charges (Exhibits 14, 16 and  
19). All of the purchasers recruited by Rashid were either friends or family members. Of the 19  
properties, Rashid was himself the purchaser who qualified for mortgages in relation to three  
properties. His wife, Twila Estall, was the purchaser of four properties. In relation to two of  
those four properties, Rashid acted on her behalf by way of a Power of Attorney. His father-in-  
law, Richard Estall, was the purchaser of three properties. Other than the three properties  
involving Royston Frederick (Exhibits 14, 16 and 19), the remaining transactions are evidenced  
by way of Land Title documentation (Exhibit 157). Rashid stated the he never received anything  
from Pervez for providing him with qualifying buyers. He never recalled receiving any monies  
from the Park Law Office. When he was shown a cheque in the sum of $10,000 dated December  
3, 2002 payable to him from the Scott Park trust account (Exhibit 167, p. 2), he could not recall  
the cheque having been given to him.  
Page: 20  
[87] Royston Frederick was Rashid’s co-worker. Rashid would have told him that he did not  
have to put any money into the properties, and that all he had to do was to qualify for a  
mortgage. He would have told him that Pervez would be responsible for the mortgage payments,  
finding of property, selling of property, and all other steps in regard to the property. The first  
purchase made by Royston Frederick was in November of 2001. Rashid did not know much  
about this property, but Monahan was working with Pervez. He was familiar with the mortgage  
agent Ken Finley, although he had never met or spoken to him. Pervez would have asked Rashid  
to tell Royston Frederick to go to the Scott Park Law Office. Rashid could not recall if he was  
present on the first occasion when Royston Frederick saw Scott Park. He did recall going to  
Scott Park’s office with Royston Frederick on two occasions, but he just waited in the lobby.  
Royston Frederick expressed concerns about the down payment, but Rashid could not say if this  
was brought up before or after he had met with Scott Park. Pervez told Rashid to have Royston  
Frederick set up a bank account separate from his usual bank. Rashid stated that the signature on  
a gift letter from himself to Royston Frederick in the sum of $24,000 (Exhibit 14, p. 109), looked  
like his own. However, he did not prepare the gift letter and never gave Royston Frederick  
$24,000. He never told Royston Frederick about having to live in the property.  
[88] Rashid stated that he never met with Scott Park himself, other than on the two occasions  
with Royston Frederick. He was then shown documentation in Exhibit 157, Tab 1, on which his  
name appeared as purchaser of one of the Camrose properties. He was shown an Affidavit of  
Transferee, in his name, sworn before Scott Park on November 7, 2001. Rashid stated that he did  
not believe that it was his signature. He then went on to say that he did not have any actual recall  
of having discussions with Scott Park about the property, to specifically recalling that he did not  
discuss any condo board or condo fees with Scott Park.  
[89] Rashid stated that the signature on the transfer of this property by him to a numbered  
company did look like his own. In relation to this Camrose property purchase, he received  
nothing for qualifying for the mortgage. He never got anything from Pervez or otherwise in  
relation to Royston Frederick’s first purchase.  
[90] In relation to the next purchaser he found (Exhibit 157, Tab 9), Rashid did pay the buyer  
a fee but he did not remember the amount, although it did come from Pervez. In relation to the  
following purchase (Exhibit 157, Tab 3), Rashid did know a mortgage broker by the name of  
David Gorn and had met him through Pervez. After some hesitation, he stated that he gave this  
purchaser some money which would have come from Pervez.  
[91] The next property was purchased by Rashid himself (Exhibit 157, Tab 4). He understood  
Pervez was getting the mortgage monies. He identified his signature on the Affidavit of  
Transferee sworn by him before Scott Park. He did not recall the discussions he had with Scott  
Park. He could not recall if the mortgage payments were discussed with Scott Park, but then  
went on to say that they never discussed condo fees.  
Page: 21  
[92] The next buyer recruited by Rashid was again Royston Frederick (Exhibit 16). The  
subsequent buyer found by Rashid (Exhibit 157, Tab 5) is the same buyer as Exhibit 157, Tab 2.  
Rashid did not know anything about this transaction except that he spoke to the buyer, giving  
him an opportunity to make some money. The following transaction with Royston Frederick  
(Exhibit 19) was obtained in the same manner as all the others, by Rashid providing Royston  
Frederick’s employment letter, pay stubs and documents to Pervez.  
[93] The next purchase was by Rashid himself (Exhibit 157, Tab 6). He could not recall  
exactly how he got involved in this purchase, but he must have qualified for a mortgage.  
Rashid’s job was to ensure that the mortgage payments got made, and he would call Pervez if  
they were not made. He further stated that he was not collecting the mortgage payments and  
Pervez would have had either Shezad Ahmad, Kahlon, Brito or Monahan deposit money into his  
account. In his meeting with Bindon at her residence in relation to this transaction, Rashid never  
told her any lies.  
[94] The next property was the fourth property purchased by Royston Frederick (Exhibit 157,  
Tab 7). Rashid could not recall the details of this mortgage nor how it was obtained.  
[95] The next property purchased was in relation to his wife, Twila Estall (Exhibit 157, Tab  
8). She got involved because there was an opportunity to make money, and he believed she  
received $3,000 to $4,000 - it could have been greater than $4,000 - but he could not remember  
how she got paid. Pervez may have paid her directly or through him. He could not remember if  
she was paid by cash or by cheque.  
[96] Rashid’s next purchaser (Exhibit 157, Tab 9) qualified for a CMHC or high ratio  
mortgage. On high ratio mortgages, the qualifiers would get a lot more money, between $5,000  
to $10,000. The money would come from Pervez, usually by way of a cheque that he would  
deposit into the buyer’s account. In relation to CMHC or high ratio mortgages, Rashid would be  
responsible for the mortgage payments and renting out the property. Pervez would get up to 75%  
of the sale price, and the remainder of the mortgage would be divided up between himself and  
the qualifier.  
[97] The next property was purchased by Twila Estall (Exhibit 157, Tab 10). Rashid did not  
know how his wife got this mortgage, even though he purchased this property for her by way of  
a Power of Attorney to him from Twila Estall. He remembered having a Power of Attorney, and  
believed that Pervez asked him to get a Power of Attorney because his wife was in Winnipeg.  
The following purchase was also done by a Power of Attorney held by Rashid for Twila Estall  
(Exhibit 157, Tab 11). The next two qualifying purchases were by Richard Estall (Exhibit 157,  
Tabs 12 and 13).  
[98] The subsequent purchase was by Natasha Lindberg, Royston Frederick’s girlfriend  
(Exhibit 157, Tab 14). Rashid helped renovate and manage this property, collected the rents,  
made the mortgage payments, and eventually purchased the property from Natasha Lindberg but  
he never paid her anything aside from assuming the mortgage. Rashid was not too sure how they  
arrived at the purchase price.  
Page: 22  
[99] The next property was purchased by Twila Estall because Rashid and Estall were  
separated and she was pregnant and needed a place to stay (Exhibit 157, Tab 15). On reflection,  
he did remember putting some money down on this property but could not recall with whom he  
negotiated the price.  
[100] The last property was purchased in the name of Richard Estall (Exhibit 157, Tab 16),  
who still owns it subject to a CMHC mortgage. A new house has been constructed on the  
property and the majority of the monies from this mortgage, above the 75% of the original price,  
were used to make the mortgage payments.  
[101] Rashid came to realize that the lenders were being lied to. Pervez told him that there was  
nothing to worry about, so he did not. The lies to the banks were mostly about occupancy, and he  
later realized that they were false and knowingly signed false documents at the request of Pervez.  
Scott Park asked him to sign false documents. He could not recall which documents exactly, but  
they were in relation to certain conditions of sales concerning occupancy and down payment. He  
knew they were false, but was not sure why he still signed them. Rashid was also shown two gift  
letters in relation to Exhibit 29 (p. 92) and Exhibit 31 (p. 112), and indicated that the signatures  
on the gift letters were not his and he knew nothing about the gift letters.  
[102] In cross-examination, Rashid would not confirm that he only attended the Scott Park Law  
Office on two occasions, stating that he was not sure, but added that when he did attend it was in  
relation to his own purchases. He further stated that he could not recall what he signed with Scott  
Park, but that Scott Park did most of the talking and he agreed. Rashid also stated that he did not  
suggest any corrections to any of the documents and that he never noticed any falsehoods with  
the documents that he signed with Scott Park.  
[103] Rashid clearly was a co-conspirator and, as a result, his evidence must be viewed with  
caution. It should be noted that for the vast majority of the direct examination, he repeatedly  
answered the questions by prefacing the answers with, “It is possible,” “I believe,” “I think,” “I  
don’t remember,” or “I can’t recall.” In answering questions, it appeared that Rashid was  
basically guessing at everything. With respect to his statement in direct examination that he  
signed false documents and that Scott Park asked him to sign false documents, he contradicted  
himself in cross-examination. In direct examination, the statements that he made were vague. He  
stated that he could not recall the exact documents that were false but they would have had  
something to do with occupancy or down payments. However, in cross-examination he clearly  
stated that Scott Park did most of the talking in relation to his purchases, and that he agreed.  
Further, he never suggested any corrections to any of the documents. Lastly, he never noticed  
any falsehoods with the documents that he signed with Scott Park. It should be further noted that  
Rashid admitted that he did knowingly sign false documents at the request of Pervez. Zafir  
Rashid’s evidence was not convincing and is unreliable.  
Adil Quadri  
Page: 23  
[104] Adil Quadri is 33 years old and a civil engineer. He became involved with Pervez  
through his brother Faisal Quadri. His evidence is as follows. Quadri stated that he first met  
Carmen Pervez in late 2001, but later corrected himself by stating it was March 2003. He  
understood Pervez to be an investor, buying and selling properties. The discussion with Pervez  
was to the effect that he owned several properties and that Quadri was to recruit buyers for a  
commission. Pervez stated that there would be no cash down and that he owned the properties.  
Pervez told Quadri that the buyers would still have to prove their down payments by way of  
either a gift letter or cash or RRSPs.  
[105] Pervez gave Quadri a Credit Application form (Exhibit 149) to be completed and  
provided him and his brother with a list of properties, along with the prices, and they went to  
look at the properties. Quadri stated that his brother Faisal approached family and friends to  
become buyers. The commission that he would receive would be 15% to 25% of the actual  
mortgage amount. After the Credit Application was completed, and the necessary information  
such as employment letters and pay stubs collected, they were turned over to either Pervez or  
David Gorn, the mortgage broker.  
[106] Quadri first stated that commissions of between $2,000 and $5,000 were payable to the  
buyers. Later in his evidence he said the amount was $1,000 to $2,500. The money came from  
Pervez and sometimes the money came by way of a cheque from the lawyer, either Scott Park or  
Pops Venkatraman. At first the monies came from Scott Park’s office and later came from Pops  
Venkatraman’s office. The monies were usually given to them by Bindon or Terry Ellis and then  
turned over to the buyers. The purchase price for the properties was determined by Pervez who  
wrote out the Offers to Purchase. As a recruiter, Quadri would get a bigger commission if it was  
a CMHC mortgage (20% of the mortgage amount) as opposed to a conventional mortgage (10%  
of the mortgage amount). If it was a CMHC mortgage, Quadri was responsible for the mortgage  
payments. Monies were deposited directly into the buyer’s accounts, either from renters or from  
advances on the commissions paid by Pervez.  
[107] Between March 2003 and June 2004, Quadri was involved in recruiting buyers or buying  
his own properties on 14 occasions as evidenced in Exhibits 163, 163A and 164. All of his  
buyers were either friends or family. Quadri and his family had a numbered company which was  
also used to buy and sell properties and assume mortgages. The mortgages obtained were  
through ten different lenders, and there is only one mortgage with the Bank of Montreal in  
relation to a property purchased on November 19, 2003 (Exhibit 163A, Tab 3).  
[108] In relation to a property purchased by M. Hasnain on April 5, 2003 (Exhibit 163, Tab 1),  
Quadri stated that he met with Scott Park, Carmen Pervez and Mr. Hasnain in Pervez’s SUV  
vehicle near the Hotel MacDonald. Scott Park was acting for both the buyer and the seller. Park  
gave Mr. Hasnain some papers to sign, briefly explained the documents, and the entire process  
took approximately 10 to 15 minutes in the vehicle. Quadri’s commission came by way of a trust  
cheque from Scott Park given to him by either Bindon or Pervez. He also received some cash  
from Carmen Pervez. It should be noted that no trust cheque in relation to this transaction was  
produced in evidence. Scott Park did not act for any of Quadri’s recruits except Mr. Hasnain.  
Page: 24  
[109] With respect to the second property purchased by Mr. Tinney (Exhibit 163A, Tab 2),  
Quadri believed that he received a cheque from Scott Park which he picked up at Bindon’s  
house. Again, no cheque was entered into evidence. Two other properties were given to him as a  
gift from Pervez, with no explanation (Exhibit 163, Tabs 6 and 7). After a disagreement with  
Pervez the properties were transferred back to him within approximately two months. Pervez had  
nothing to do with a sale by Quadri’s numbered company to Jawad Choudhary in December  
2003 (Exhibit 41B).  
[110] Jawad Choudhary was Quadri’s high school friend. He purchased a property and obtained  
a CMHC mortgage in July 2003 (Exhibit 41) and received a $1,000 to $5,000 commission. The  
purchase price was already on the Offer to Purchase. The property was sold approximately a year  
later to Quadri’s numbered company. It was Pervez’s idea to provide Choudhary with the  
deposit in order to prove the down payment but then get the money back. Exhibit 41, p. 81 shows  
a gift letter in the sum of $7,500, dated July 2, 2003 allegedly signed by Haroon Choudhary,  
Jawad Choudhary’s father. Quadri’s brother Faisal got a call from Pervez to pick up a cheque at  
Scott Park’s law office. Exhibit 41, p. 119 shows a cheque from the Park Law Office trust  
account in the sum of $7,500 payable to “Javed Chaudhry ...” The documentation, as contained  
in Exhibit 41, shows that the $7,500 cheque was deposited into Jawad Choudhary’s account on  
July 3, 2003 and withdrawn on July 8, 2003. There was no evidence presented as to who  
received the $7,500 withdrawn from Jawad Choudhary’s account.  
[111] Quadri’s first meeting with Pervez at the Red Robin restaurant also included Bindon and  
his brother Faisal. Pervez needed to move a lot of modestly-valued properties, and he needed  
help finding people to move his inventory. Pervez raised a very attractive commission to find  
these buyers. In the beginning, Quadri believed that he was earning a real estate commission  
from the transactions. He believed these commissions came from various law firms, and he  
would receive a telephone call from the law firm and he would pick up the cheques. He never  
dealt with Scott Park when it came to picking up the cheques and always dealt with Bindon.  
[112] With respect to the first transaction that Quadri made with O’Neil Knight, he stated that  
he backed out of the deal because he did not want to pay the commission, and as a result went  
directly to the owner of the house who was Pervez. However, Quadri agreed that at the  
Preliminary Inquiry he had given two reasons why the transaction did not proceed through  
O’Neil Knight. The first one was that he did not like the house, and secondly, he did not have the  
necessary down payment.  
[113] Further, in cross-examination Quadri confirmed that he was a friend of David Gorn and  
remained his friend even after the lawsuits were commenced. Everybody knew that the  
arrangement was to find the buyers and the buyers would have to get a mortgage. Quadri would  
have to get the information and give it to David Gorn or Pervez. Quadri denied ever helping fill  
out the mortgage applications for the buyers.  
Page: 25  
[114] With respect to his own purchases, Quadri stated that he did not remember providing any  
false information to David Gorn, such as saying he was single as opposed to married, or showing  
an Offer to Purchase contract where he would be selling his Wellwood Way property to show the  
source of the down payment. However, when questioned as to what he said at the Preliminary  
Inquiry, he appeared to agree that he had said that the statements and the mortgage approval  
form stating to the effect that he was single, were inaccurate. Quadri confirmed that he was  
married in 1997, and was still married at the time that he gave his evidence. When further  
questioned about the information as to his employer’s identity, Quadri stated that the information  
that he had provided at the Preliminary Inquiry, i.e., that his employer was Epcor, was not  
accurate, and that his employer was TechnoWest. Quadri did not know how the inaccurate  
information ended up on his mortgage application form.  
[115] With respect to Quadri’s own purchase of a property with a CIBC mortgage  
(Exhibit 163, Tab 6), Pervez would get the mortgage conditions passed. Pervez had him “phoney  
up” the Offer to Purchase in relation to the sale of his own residence.  
[116] In relation to another property purchased by Quadri (Exhibit 163, Tab 8), David Gorn  
had told him that a gift letter had been taken care of. The gift letter was for the down payment of  
$11,000. Quadri did not know whose idea it was to come up with this gift letter. Quadri had seen  
the document showing him as a renter. When asked to confirm questions that he was asked at the  
Preliminary Inquiry regarding the mortgage application with ResMor Trust, which contained  
statements by him that he was single and paying rent, he had stated at the Preliminary Inquiry  
that he had no idea about the $700 rent but that he was not paying rent. Further, at the  
Preliminary Inquiry he stated that he remembered signing the mortgage approval from ResMor  
Trust, which stated that the house he was purchasing would be his personal residence. Quadri  
was very coy in answering whether or not he was going to live in this property.  
[117] With respect to the same transaction where Quadri was the purchaser, he was shown an  
employment letter from Bird Construction. Quadri insisted that this was not simply to show that  
he was employed in order to persuade the lenders and that he had worked for Bird Construction  
for some time. He denied working for them for a short period of time or for two weeks only in  
order to get a letter of employment, and that he never intended on keeping that employment.  
However, at the Preliminary Inquiry Quadri agreed that when he was asked by the Crown why  
he only worked for two weeks, his response was, “Just to get the letter,” and that he never  
intended to work there. When Quadri was asked whether he had given the above answer to the  
Crown at the Preliminary Inquiry, he indicated that he may have said that.  
[118] Quadri denied in cross-examination having created false documents including Offers to  
Purchase on his Wellwood Way property or false Bills of Sale. However, when asked if he had  
said at the Preliminary Inquiry that he had prepared these false documents, his answer was  
“Yes.” Further, he agreed in cross-examination that he may not have told Constable Marcetta or  
said anything at the Preliminary Inquiry regarding the meeting between Pervez, Mr. Hasnain,  
Scott Park and himself in Pervez’s vehicle in front of the Hotel MacDonald. However, it should  
Page: 26  
be noted that in redirect, Quadri stated that he was not asked the question regarding the meeting  
by Constable Marcetta or at the Preliminary Inquiry.  
[119] The reliability of Adil Quadri’s evidence is in serious doubt. He was in on the fraud and  
knew exactly what he was doing and making a lot of money at it. In fact, he began to replicate  
what Pervez was doing by buying his own properties and reselling them to buyers to get  
mortgages and pocketing the substantial difference. Further, his reluctance to agree as to what he  
may have testified at the Preliminary Inquiry, and also his evasive answers in relation to his own  
fraudulent behaviour make it such that it would be unsafe to rely on his uncorroborated evidence.  
Kelly Bindon  
[120] Kelly Bindon is currently 44 years old and is the sister of Lyle Petty and sister-in-law of  
Marie Kapeller. Bindon started working as a legal assistant/receptionist in 1988 and eventually  
went to work at Scorgie Park in 1999. David Scorgie’s practice was general, including real  
estate, and Scott Park’s was predominately a criminal practice. Her salary was paid by David  
Scorgie’s management company but both David Scorgie and Scott Park were responsible for her  
salary. By the time she began working for Scorgie Park, she had experience in real estate and  
knew how to do a real estate file from start to finish. At first, most of her work was for David  
Scorgie because not much was needed by Scott Park in relation to his criminal practice other  
than getting disclosure.  
[121] In the summer of 2000 Bindon left Scorgie Park and went to work, for approximately  
four months, for an insurance company. She returned to Scorgie Park after the four months,  
basically doing the same as before she left. In April or May of 2001, she understood that there  
was a meeting between Eehab Taliani, Pervez and Scott Park, and Pervez was introduced to the  
firm as a new client. Bindon stated that this meeting would have taken place when she was on  
holidays and she was told this by Scott Park upon her return. Eehab Taliani was a mortgage  
broker and realtor, and an associate of Scott Park. Scott Park told her that her role would  
probably change and she would get busier with real estate. Bindon indicated that she met Pervez  
a couple of days later, and that initially Pervez was in the office two or three times per week and  
eventually every day.  
[122] At some stage the firm moved from the 7th floor of the TransAlta Building downtown to  
the 8th floor, to a bigger space, because then they also had another legal assistant. When Scorgie  
Park moved to the 8th floor, Bindon got her own office and Pervez would come to see her and  
sign documents in her office with the door closed. Within approximately a month, she was doing  
most of her work for Scott Park on the Pervez real estate files. Scorgie was not happy because  
Bindon did not have much time for his work and he did not like Pervez and the way he walked  
into the office, and came into her office and closed the door.  
[123] Bindon started a romantic relationship with Pervez in September 2001, but she did not  
tell people in the office. By December 2001 her marriage had broken down and she moved into  
Page: 27  
one of Pervez’s properties at 12013 - 95th Street, Edmonton, Alberta. Pervez stated that she could  
stay in his property so long as she paid the mortgage payments. The mortgage was in the name of  
Palwinder Kahlon. Bindon lived in that house from December 2001 until 2004. Her relationship  
with Pervez continued until early 2004 and finally ended in September 2004. Even after  
December 2001 she tried to keep the relationship with Pervez a secret, but by January or  
February 2002, their relationship was out in the open. After December 2001, Pervez was in the  
office at least two times per day. He would either see Scott Park or Bindon. It was not unusual  
for her to go along for lunch with Pervez or Shezad Ahmad or Kahlon.  
[124] David Scorgie and Scott Park each had their own trust accounts, and both had a manual  
system which would require Bindon to input the information into a computer. She had no signing  
authority for David Scorgie or Scott Park’s trust account. She would receipt trust funds and on  
occasion make deposits. The preparation of the trust cheques was usually done by the lawyers.  
Bindon occasionally maintained the accounting on the Scorgie and Park trust accounts, but had  
no control of the trust funds.  
[125] When Bindon started doing the Pervez real estate files, which would have been around  
April 2001, she was comfortable doing real estate. She recalled that Pervez would bring in a  
document indicating confirmation of receipt and acknowledgment of deposit. Bindon found it  
odd and went to see Scott Park about this document and he said it was acceptable, and it did not  
have to be cash. The deposit could be a car or other method of payment.  
[126] On real estate files involving numbered companies, Bindon would do searches to see who  
the signing authorities were and the directors. In relation to Pervez and 923080 Alberta Ltd., she  
noted that there was a Power of Attorney registered at Land Titles, but with respect to all titles,  
would do a search at Land Titles, also a tax search, and the other usual real estate searches.  
[127] Even before beginning to do the Pervez real estate files, she knew the difference between  
a conventional and a high ratio mortgage, such as the amount of down payment required, the  
liability following the mortgage in relation to a high ratio mortgage, owner occupancy, and also  
the down payment coming from the borrowers’ own sources.  
[128] While Bindon was working full time at Scorgie Park she also worked part time after  
December 2001 at the law firm of Cleall Pahl. In addition to her monthly salary, she would  
receive Christmas bonuses from Scott Park and other little bonuses such as vacation time. Scott  
Park paid these bonuses by cheque from his general account, and the highest bonus she recalls  
was $500.00. In approximately August 2001 Pervez gave her an envelope containing $1,000.00  
cash as a bonus, and she said she did not want to take the money. She went to see Scott Park  
with this, and ended up getting a bonus cheque from Scott Park for what she believed to be the  
amount that Pervez had tried to give her in cash. Later on there were bonuses every couple of  
months and she assumed that these were through Pervez. He had a trust ledger account number  
which was 30,432, and that was the account that was sometimes shown as being the source of the  
bonus cheques.  
Page: 28  
[129] By early 2002 Scott Park had a lot of real estate work but was also doing criminal work.  
In early 2002 there were 20 to 25 real estate deals per month and most of them were Pervez  
deals. Most sale files were through 923080 Alberta Ltd. and the instructions came from Pervez  
because he had the Power of Attorney. Park Law Office handled the seller, the buyer and the  
lenders in most deals, but by the fall of 2003 a lot of the buyers were going to the Venkatraman  
Law Office.  
[130] On Pervez’ real estate deals, he would bring the purchaser in and also bring in the Offers  
to Purchase himself. Bindon did not discuss cash to close with the buyers that Pervez brought in.  
Pervez would often phone early in the day and tell her to have documents ready to be signed by  
3:00 p.m. and he would then show up to sign them. Later on other buyers were brought in by  
Rashid, Kahlon, Monahan, Brito and Caroca. Most of the insurance certificates came from  
Monahan at Supreme Insurance. Bindon never discussed any real estate business with Monahan  
nor did she discuss Monahan with Scott Park. Bindon sometimes did the deposits into trust  
accounts but did not recall if she made any deposits after Scott Park saw the clients. Bindon  
could not say who was present when Scott Park would see the clients. In 2002 she often met with  
Pervez either at her home or in restaurants, and did not know where Scott Park was meeting  
Pervez. In 2002, Pervez was coming into the office less often, maybe two to three times per  
week.  
[131] At some point, Pervez said that Bindon should take title to the 12013 - 95th Street  
property, and so she prepared the documents and assumed the TD mortgage. She assumed that it  
was a gift from Pervez. He asked her to take title to three other properties which had mortgages  
and she did not pay any cash difference, and again, she assumed they were gifts. Those three  
deals were handled by Scott Park. In early 2002, Bindon was given notice to leave the  
employment of Scorgie Park by the end of October 2002 because Scorgie had found out about  
her taking title to the house at 12013 - 95th Street and he had received a call from the City of  
Edmonton regarding a demolition order. After she was given notice to leave her employment,  
Bindon spoke to Scott Park and told him that she could continue to work for him from her home  
and he thought this was a good idea. She was going to do real estate for Scott Park, and this was  
primarily the Pervez deals.  
[132] When Bindon left Scorgie Park, she wanted to work out of her house and have more  
flexibility. She almost immediately started doing real estate from her home in November 2002  
and was paid $2,000.00 a month by Scott Park. She did not recall if the bonuses continued after  
November 2002. Once she began working from her home she continued to deal with Scott Park  
as needed, which meant usually meeting him a minimum of once per week. She “typically”  
would have kept the ongoing files at her house. When the files were completed, they were closed  
and then given to Scott Park, and they would have been closed only when there was nothing left  
to do on the file, including payouts of pre-existing mortgages and final reporting to the lenders.  
If Scott Park was available, he would meet the clients, but if he was not available she would  
meet the client either at her home on 95th Street or a place convenient to the client. She continued  
to work for Scott Park out of her home until March 2004. Almost all of her work was in relation  
to Pervez’ real estate, but she also did some corporate work, wills, personal injury and work in  
Page: 29  
other areas of law for Scott Park. Bindon became aware that Scott Park left Scorgie Park  
approximately six to eight months after October 2002 and was working out of his home. When  
she began working from her home, Scott Park kept the trust ledgers at the office. They were kept  
at Scott Park’s home after he left the firm.  
[133] Scott Park wanted her to catch up on the late final reporting to the lenders because they  
had gotten behind and it did become problematic. The lenders would get snarly and would send  
reminder letters, and eventually threatened to report Scott Park to the Law Society. Examples  
were shown at Exhibits 11, 15 and 18 where the lenders made threats, after third requests, to  
report Scott Park to the Law Society. Bindon did not get around to the final reports because  
“nobody got around to doing it.”  
[134] Scott Park’s approach was to not hover over her, to let her do her work. He was pretty  
laid back and not great on detail compared to David Scorgie. When asked if Scott Park might  
forget a detail such as getting void cheques, Bindon replied, “Possibly.” 2003 was the last year  
of the Trang megatrial in which Scott Park was representing one of the accused, and often during  
the trial it was difficult to contact Scott Park. Bindon agreed that Scott Park had put a lot of trust  
in her. Scott Park’s computer skills were not as good as Bindon’s, and although he could send e-  
mails and documents, it was not his forte. Scott Park could use a computer, but he did not like to  
do so. Bindon stated at the Preliminary Inquiry in November of 2006 that Scott Park’s computer  
skills were marginal at best. She then stated that she may have been harsh at the Preliminary  
Inquiry, and added that, compared to her, he was marginal at best.  
[135] Bindon became aware of a company owned by Scott Park, Lex Notitia, when she did the  
incorporation, and it had something to do with owning properties. She believed it held title to  
three properties but she could not remember for sure.  
[136] Bindon did two or three real estate files for a lawyer named Robert Burgener but was not  
paid by him, and she did not ask for any money.  
[137] The approximate legal fees were $350.00 for a sale and $550.00 to $575.00 for a  
purchase with a mortgage. Sometimes she would tell a client about the legal fees before their  
attendance at the office. She did not discuss the fees with buyers who Pervez brought in, but  
would send a reporting letter with the bill attached to it. Fees were paid out of trust.  
[138] Bindon was familiar with the signatures and writing of Scott Park and Pervez as a result  
of her dealing with them, and could identify them.  
[139] Most of the business that came from Pervez related to properties owned by 923080  
Alberta Ltd., but some came from 912715 Alberta Ltd. All instructions came from Pervez.  
Bindon stated she never received any instructions regarding the company from Monahan, and  
that she never bothered dealing with Monahan as the latter was not a director. By the time  
instructions came to the office from Pervez, Monahan was not a director. However, I note that  
Monahan was not removed as a director of 923080 Alberta Ltd. until March 2002 (Exhibit 44).  
Page: 30  
Bindon stated that she dealt with Pervez because he had a Power of Attorney for 923080 Alberta  
Ltd. She discussed the Power of Attorney with Scott Park. The Power of Attorney was from  
Imran Javaid to Pervez. Pervez also provided instructions on behalf of 914343 Alberta Ltd.  
[140] Bindon never discussed with Pervez or was aware of a scenario whereby he was selling  
his properties at 75% of the appraised value.  
[141] In relation to the Camrose properties, Bindon recalled having some of the files in the  
office. She understood that these were being sold as condos and that renovations were going on,  
but she did not know to what extent. Further, she understood that at some point Pervez, or  
923080 Alberta Ltd., was the owner of the complex. She was aware that estoppel certificates and  
certificates of insurance would be necessary to be obtained from the condo corporation in  
relation to the sale of condominiums. She would find out who the condo corporation was from  
the Land Titles search, and did recall seeing estoppel certificates and certificate of insurance but  
could not recall seeing the financial statements for the condo corporation.  
[142] Bindon was shown Exhibit 109, Tabs 5, 6 and 7, which was seized from Scott Park’s  
house, a document which she stated was a trust ledger for 923080 or Home Placements, for a  
general account. The ledger number for all of the Pervez transactions was 30,432. She did not  
initially know how this trust ledger was established, but it was used to show money going in and  
out, as it was needed, to 923080 Alberta Ltd. Most of the handwriting on the document was hers,  
but not all of it.  
[143] She was then asked about transfers back, and said that, typically, once the deal was  
completed, she would stroke a line across it. Exhibit 61, p. 210, shows that a transfer back, with  
significant changes authorized by Scott Park, was used as a transfer, but a year after the transfer  
back had been signed. No explanation was provided as to why this had occurred.  
[144] The file opening log (Exhibit 109, Tab 2) shows files being opened for a sale and files  
being opened for a purchase. Bindon stated that this was the usual practice, even if the firm was  
acting for both buyer and seller. A conflict letter was often signed at the same time as the person  
came in to sign the mortgage and other documents. Exhibit 165 shows the seller of a property  
being a certain numbered company and Exhibit 23 being another numbered company, and when  
asked whether the mortgage funds went into the same ledger account at p. 34 for Pervez, 30,432,  
Kelly Bindon agreed “Yes.” She agreed that the general ledger account for Pervez, 30,432  
(Exhibit 109) shows mortgage funds from numbered companies other than Pervez’s being  
recorded as deposits to the account 30,432.  
[145] Usually Pervez would come in and say, “I’m going out of town,” and sign 10 to 12 blank  
transfers, and once an Offer to Purchase was received, the information was inserted into the  
transfer previously signed. He went to Pakistan, Bindon believed in July of 2001, for  
approximately 10 to 12 days and that is why the transfers were signed in blank.  
Page: 31  
[146] Bindon was familiar with 912722 Alberta Ltd., and the corporate records at Exhibit 52  
show the director as being Kahlon. However, Bindon did not recall ever taking instructions from  
Kahlon. To the best of her knowledge, 912722 Alberta Ltd. owned real estate.  
[147] Pervez introduced Ron Dinning to Kelly Bindon at lunch, but she did not recall seeing his  
appraisals.  
[148] With respect to a mortgage commitment (Exhibit 4, p. 170) being signed before Scott  
Park on the same day that the mortgage was signed, Bindon stated that this was not unusual with  
some of the lenders, who would send the mortgage commitment at the same time as the  
mortgage instructions. Exhibit 4, p. 159 is a reporting letter from Scorgie Park to the bank.  
Clause 4 refers to a void cheque, and whoever saw the client likely would have collected the  
void cheque. The void cheque in this case is from the 912722 account of Kahlon and Shezad  
Ahmad and not that of Jayne Sluchinski who was presumably providing the void cheque. Bindon  
did not recall getting any void cheques from Kahlon or Shezad Ahmad, and indicated that there  
was no place in the office where they kept the void cheques to send to the lenders.  
[149] Bindon likely prepared the mortgage (Exhibit 5) on the instructions of Pervez, and she  
was the witness.  
[150] Bindon understood Sheila Holloway to be friendly with Monahan. Sheila Holloway did  
more than one transaction but no more than five. Bindon made no inquiries and was never asked  
to make inquiries about the sources of the down payments. Bindon was not aware that Kahlon or  
Shezad Ahmad were making the mortgage payments.  
[151] Bindon stated that nothing was hidden from Scott Park because she had done nothing  
wrong and that documents would have gone on the client file. She could not state what happened  
to the tax adjustment (Exhibit 8, Exhibit 109, p. 37). Bindon identified her own writing on  
Exhibit 109, p. 37 except the entries relating to the accounts or bills being rendered.  
[152] Bindon likely prepared the Power of Attorney from Sheila Straub to Elizabeth Holloway  
(Exhibit 12), likely on the instructions of Sheila Straub, but she could not recall any discussions.  
[153] Bindon acted as agent on an Affidavit of Transferee (Exhibit 10, p. 42). At p. 49 is a  
transfer from 923080 to Sheila Holloway, which is dated six days before the transfer to 923080.  
Bindon had no recollection why this transfer would have been signed before the previous one.  
Page 119 is a receipt and acknowledgment stating that Pervez had received the deposits directly  
from Sheila Holloway, and it is witnessed by Bindon. She stated that this document would have  
likely gone into the file.  
[154] Bindon was aware in her experience with other lawyers and law firms, that adjustments  
such as tax adjustments were made where appropriate, but she did not know why there were no  
adjustments on these particular files.  
Page: 32  
[155] Exhibit 11, p. 123, is a void cheque. Bindon stated she did not know why a void cheque  
(Exhibit 11, p. 123), which belonged to 912722 Alberta Ltd. (Kahlon), was given in relation to  
this Michael Albert purchase.  
[156] Rashid was an associate of Pervez in real estate, and he did similar business to that of  
Pervez. Pervez was like a mentor to Rashid. All of the others were underlings, such as Kahlon,  
Kelly Sekhon, Adil and Faisil Quadri. Rashid brought his girlfriend Twila Estall and her father  
into the Scott Park office.  
[157] Bindon did not recall the lenders requiring proof of deposit of the down payment (Exhibit  
14).  
[158] According to Bindon, whatever name was shown on the Offer to Purchase may be  
important, but as a legal assistant, she would do a Land Titles search and then the file would be  
opened under the proper name of what showed up at Land Titles as being the owner.  
[159] The account trust ledger 30,432 was typically that of Pervez or under his direction. This  
was Bindon’s explanation as to why the mortgage monies of Shezad Ahmad, as seller, went into  
the Pervez account.  
[160] David Gorn was a mortgage agent whom she first met at a lunch meeting, but she would  
have then seen him once per week in the office and also at her home at 95th Street and at the  
Pervez office on 118th Avenue.  
[161] Scott Park was acting for the seller, the buyer and the bank in relation to Exhibit 17.  
Exhibit 109, at p. 40, shows only a transfer in of $3,500.00, and Bindon did not know why the  
transfer in of funds did not show the mortgage amount of $82,500.00.  
[162] Bindon did not discuss ownership with respect to the 12013 - 95 Street property with  
Pervez until around February 2002. She presumed that she would have to put no money down  
because it was a gift, but did not recall any specific conversations. Exhibit 154 contains this  
transaction and documentation shows that the transfer at p. 17 to Bindon was actually from  
912722, which is a Kahlon corporation. Bindon likely prepared the transfer document. She did  
not recall where the purchase price came from and she had no conversations with Kahlon and  
never gave Kahlon or Pervez or Scott Park any money. She had a great implicit trust of Pervez.  
She did not recall Scott Park asking her anything with respect to cash to close being necessary  
between the purchase price and assumption of mortgage.  
[163] Exhibit 51 shows a Corporate Registry search of 978742 Alberta Ltd. indicating it was  
incorporated on March 12, 2002, with Bindon as director. She incorporated this company on the  
advice of Pervez to hold the three properties which were in her name, or be the registered owner  
of the properties. The properties would be rented out and she would collect the rents and pay the  
mortgage payments as they were due. The company had no cash.  
Page: 33  
[164] Property at 11442 - 82nd Street (Exhibit 61, p. 39) is one of the three given to Bindon by  
Pervez. Title shows that it was owned by Sheila Holloway’s company 932919 Alberta Ltd.  
Bindon did not know how it was that Pervez could give her a property owned by Sheila  
Holloway’s company. Bindon was not sure if she had any discussions with Scott Park, and she  
was not asked for any cash and did not give any cash. She never lied to Scott Park about cash or  
a gift, nor did Pervez ever ask her to do so. She stated, “I didn’t feel like I needed to lie.”  
[165] The second property transferred to her numbered company was a gift from Pervez (11912  
- 91st Street). Exhibit 183 shows that this property was actually in the name of Monahan. Bindon  
did not recall discussing it with Scott Park, or any money issue or shortfall nor how the mortgage  
payments were going to be made, nor did she recall questions from Scott Park.  
[166] The third property was 11319 - 94th Street. The documentation at Exhibit 12 shows that  
this property was in the name of Sheila Straub when it was transferred to Bindon’s company.  
978742 Alberta Ltd. never gave Sheila Straub any cash, and Bindon assumed that it was a gift  
from Pervez.  
[167] Bindon became aware that Pervez also owned properties in Winnipeg when she and Scott  
Park travelled to deal with the City of Winnipeg. She later became aware that Pervez was selling  
Winnipeg properties to some of the same people who had bought Edmonton properties. She  
believed that there were approximately 13 transactions relating to Manitoba properties.  
[168] Exhibit 64, p. 165, is a property on 93rd Street. Bindon did not know why Pervez was  
signing for Kahlon’s company, 912722 Alberta Ltd., when he was not a director (Exhibit 64, p.  
216).  
[169] A property (Exhibit 22) was transferred into Bindon’s company, 978742 Alberta Ltd. The  
transfer out of the numbered company to Bindon personally was at the suggestion of Pervez, in  
order to take the equity out of the property. Pervez helped her with the mortgage application, and  
believed that it was done with Brian King at Meadowlark Branch of Bank of Montreal, a bank  
chosen by Pervez. Pervez and Bindon would then evenly split the equity. At the time she did not  
think a great deal about it. Pervez set the purchase price. Bindon trusted Pervez implicitly. Her  
Affidavit of Transferee stated it was paid by way of cash and new mortgage, but there was no  
cash. Scott Park acted for both her numbered company and herself, but she did not recall any  
conversations with Scott Park and did not believe that he asked her for any cash to close. This  
was a high ratio insured mortgage, but she never lived in the property although she would not  
have been averse to doing so. Page 107 is the mortgage commitment showing cash back of  
$1,125 but she did not recall whether or not she received this.  
[170] The net mortgage amount obtained by Bindon (Exhibit 22) was $113,625. Exhibit 12, p.  
105, shows that the TD mortgage that was on this property was paid out by Scott Park, in the  
amount of $66,364.87. This left a balance of approximately $47,260.13 on Bindon’s bank  
statement (Exhibit 22, p. 135). It shows a deposit to her account on May 9, 2002, of $47,260.13.  
It also shows a transfer out of the account in the amount of $51,000 on May 9, 2002. Bindon  
would have received the monies by way of a trust cheque from Scott Park. There is a withdrawal  
Page: 34  
the same day of $10,500.00 and Bindon did not know where it went. The equity in the property  
would have been split equally between herself and Pervez because she believed that they would  
be partners for life. Bindon did not recall questions from the law firm about these transactions. It  
is of interest that none of these bank transactions is recorded in Exhibit 109 (Pervez general  
ledger). Further, the lender file (Exhibit 22, Tab 2) does not contain any reporting letter from  
Scott Park. The only document in Tab 2 apparently signed by Scott Park is a letter dated March  
28, 2002, making reference to property other than the one that was mortgaged. The cheque for  
$47,260.13 was not entered into evidence.  
[171] Exhibits 181 and 182 show transfers to 912722 and the Affidavits of Transferees are  
signed by Pervez. When asked why Pervez was signing for Tony Kahlon’s company, Bindon  
stated that she considered Pervez to be in charge of 912722, that he was the kingpin.  
[172] Exhibit 61 shows a transfer of 11442 - 82nd Street from Bindon’s company to Crystal  
Williams, her little sister through Big Brothers and Big Sisters. She intended that this would be a  
gift to Williams and expected no cash out of the transaction. The chart shows that the transaction  
with Crystal Williams did not actually proceed, and two years later, in June of 2004, the property  
was transferred back to Bindon. It would appear the mortgage was not funded.  
[173] Bindon knew Brito and Caroca. She knew that Brito did the same business as Pervez, and  
that they had purchased several properties from Pervez. Bindon became aware of Homesteader  
and a company 999160, as being companies owned by Caroca and Brito and used in relation to  
real estate transactions.  
[174] In the fall of 2002 Pervez said that money was tight and that is when purchases by Pervez  
were not only for cash, but cash and assumption of mortgages.  
[175] Pervez asked Bindon to buy 12020 - 91 Street (Exhibit 24) or to use her name to buy the  
property. She never gave Pervez any money. She would have prepared a mortgage application  
with Pervez. The purchase price of $115,000.00 was chosen by Pervez, and nobody talked to her  
about any cash to close. When asked whether she knew that she was buying the property from  
923080, controlled by Pervez, and that the price paid by him was less than half of what she was  
paying, she indicated that it was not a concern because she knew that Pervez would often get  
possession of properties ahead of the stated possession date to do renovations and increase the  
value, and he was excellent at getting low prices. She did this transaction because Pervez asked  
her, and she believed he gave her $1,000.00.  
[176] This was the property in respect of which David Scorgie got a call from the City of  
Edmonton. She did not recall conversations specifically about this deal with Scott Park, and she  
never lied to Scott Park. She did not know if she knew about getting the $1,000.00 at the time  
that she was meeting with Scott Park. At the time she did not think that she was doing anything  
wrong.  
[177] Exhibit 24, p. 133, is an Offer to Purchase from Bindon of the 95th Street property to her  
company 978742 Alberta Ltd., presumably to show the down payment. Bindon identified the  
Page: 35  
handwriting on the Offer to Purchase as that of Pervez. She did not know what the Offer to  
Purchase was about. She did not think she was telling the lender anything false. When she was  
approached by David Scorgie, who was upset about this transaction, she considered it to be her  
business and her business alone, and felt that David Scorgie was infringing on her personal  
space. Bindon’s approach was to be very private and her business was her business.  
[178] Bindon did not recall seeing a type of document entitled Credit Application, as shown in  
Exhibit 25, p. 43. Bindon did not know how her signature got on an Offer to Purchase at p. 61,  
“Kelly Bindon to Beverly Haugh”.  
[179] Once she left Scorgie Park at the end of October 2002, the work was steady but started to  
drop in early 2003, and most of the work was from Pervez. She was being paid $1,000.00 every  
two weeks by Scott Park. Kelly Bindon had no idea why the work started to drop off except that  
Pervez started to take some of the work to Venkatraman and Purewal. Towards the end of 2002,  
Pervez asked her not to pay out some mortgages that had been assumed by him or his companies,  
which she complied with, but she knew this was wrong. That is when “some red flags went up.”  
Pervez repeatedly asked that she not discharge prior mortgages because he needed the money.  
She told Pervez that she could not do it because of Law Society rules and undertakings, but  
Pervez said that he would pay off the mortgages within a short period of time. Bindon presumed  
that if Pervez asked Scott Park about not paying out prior mortgages, that he would have said  
“no”. Bindon believed that Pervez asked her because of their relationship, and that he took  
advantage of that relationship. Bindon presumed that Scott Park trusted her on the files to ensure  
that she would pay out or do what was necessary.  
[180] Bindon became suspicious of Terry Ellis and Pervez because they were seeing each other  
socially and Ellis was often at Pervez’s office. The relationship between Pervez and Bindon was  
tumultuous from sometime in 2003 until the final breakup in October of 2004.  
[181] A letter on Scott Park letterhead, signed by Bindon, dealt with the issue of a deposit  
being held in trust (Exhibit 28, p. 180). She likely prepared this letter but did not know if Pervez  
instructed her to prepare the letter, although typically she got her instructions from him. The  
letter makes reference to Scott Park being away until January 6th. He was in Mexico. Bindon did  
not know whether or not the letter was truthful at the time.  
[182] Exhibit 29, p. 100 is a letter on Scott Park letterhead, signed by Bindon and dated  
January 2nd, 2003, again at a time when Scott Park would have been in Mexico. The letter stated  
that monies were being held in trust. Bindon would have been able to determine if there was  
money in trust from the trust ledger, and she believed that she had possession of the trust ledger  
while Scott Park was in Mexico.  
[183] In relation to an Offer to Purchase between Kerry Park and Kerry Novac (Exhibit 30, p.  
119), Bindon identified the handwriting as that of Pervez.  
[184] There is a transfer from 923080 Alberta Ltd. to Mina Khoshnavaz dated February 14,  
2003 (Exhibit 32, p. 13) and from Mina Khoshnavaz to Lex Notitia (p. 47), also dated February  
Page: 36  
14, 2003. However, Land Titles shows that it was not actually transferred until September 2003.  
Bindon did not know why this occurred.  
[185] Exhibit 33 documents a purchase by Lyle Petty, Bindon’s brother. Bindon did not recall a  
meeting at a hotel in south Edmonton where Lyle Petty and Marie Kapeller were introduced to  
David Gorn. The Affidavit of Transferee was sworn by Lyle Petty before Bindon, and she did  
not believe that she collected any cash from him. Bindon knew what a high ratio mortgage was  
and she explained it to her brother. She would also have explained it to her sister-in-law, Marie  
Kapeller, assuming that she was signing the documents in front of her. Kelly Bindon agreed that  
at the Preliminary Inquiry, she stated that she explained a high ratio mortgage to Marie Kapeller  
and that Marie Kapeller appeared to understand. The handwriting on the Offer to Purchase from  
Lyle Petty to Bindon, at pp. 73 and 74, is that of Pervez, and is the same at p. 107 in relation to  
the Offer to Purchase of Marie Kapeller to Bindon. Exhibit 109 shows a transfer into the trust  
ledger for Pervez of the mortgage amount of $123,335.00 and on the same day shows a payment  
to Lyle Petty of $22,635.00. Bindon did not know why Lyle Petty would have received this  
money. Bindon stated that Lyle Petty never moved into the property but was aware the property  
had renters because she went there to collect rent, and that was to help her brother.  
[186] Typically the documents that were required to be signed by the clients would be placed  
on the outside of the file, under an elastic, and would be given to Scott Park prior to his meeting  
the clients.  
[187] Exhibit 34 documents a purchase by Marie Kapeller and, again, Bindon did not recall  
collecting any cash from her. Exhibit 109 shows the transfer in of the mortgage amount of  
$126,185.00 and on the same day a payment to Marie Kapeller in the sum of $25,235.00. Again,  
Bindon did not know why Marie Kapeller would have received this money. Bindon was not  
aware that there had been any payments made to Lyle Petty and Marie Kapeller by Pervez (not  
that she could recall).  
[188] Bindon believed the following was in her handwriting, “We have held back $48,000.00  
for CIBC issue” (Exhibit 36, p. 153).  
[189] Exhibit 37 at p. 45, a certified copy of Title, appears to show another pre-existing  
mortgage that was not discharged until September 2004 by Pops Venkatraman. Bindon stated  
this appeared to be one of those other mortgages that was not discharged at the request of Pervez.  
[190] Exhibit 38 shows a property bought by Steven Young but then sold to CJC Properties,  
which Bindon understood to be owned by Kolba and Tetzlaff and a third person, Chad Jones.  
This company was incorporated at Corporate Registry in August 2003 (Exhibit 53) for the  
purposes of purchasing properties from Pervez. Bindon did not recall being present for any  
discussions regarding the mortgage granted by Pervez to CJC in the sum of $190,000.00 which  
encumbered nine properties being purchased by CJC Properties.  
[191] Bindon identified Pervez’s handwriting on an Offer to Purchase (Exhibit 39, p. 89). Page  
91 is an Anticipated Statement of Adjustments which would have been based on the information  
Page: 37  
in the Offer to Purchase. Bindon may have been requested by Pervez to prepare the Anticipated  
Statement of Adjustments after he provided her with the Offer to Purchase.  
[192] Bindon never got information from Pervez which she thought she should hide from  
anybody.  
[193] Exhibit 1, p. 375, is a letter from the Bank of Montreal addressed to Monahan, and then a  
subsequent letter (p. 399) from the Bank of Montreal to Scott Park, involving several people.  
Bindon believed she recalled seeing this letter. The letter to Scott Park requested that he provide  
the files in relation to the listed clients and Bindon believed that she was asked by Scott Park to  
get the files ready for him. Bindon stated that she did not think that Scott Park was happy, but  
also stated that Greg Reid (a lawyer for the Bank of Montreal) was a thorn in her side.  
[194] Bindon identified her handwriting on the Offer to Purchase for Coates’ sale to Letendre  
(Exhibit 42, p. 73) and a sale from Smith to Coates (pp. 55 and 56), but she did not remember  
preparing them.  
[195] Bindon did not recall a van loan that Marie Kapeller had to pay (Exhibit 43). In relation  
to this Marie Kapeller property, Bindon believed she collected rents for Marie Kapeller and  
deposited them into her account because Marie Kapeller was making the mortgage payments.  
Bindon was the witness on the transfer (p. 17). However, she did not believe that Scott Park  
acted for Marie Kapeller, and did not know why Marie Kapeller went to see Terry Ellis. Bindon  
was shown pp. 41 and 42, an Offer to Purchase on a sale from Marie Kapeller to Schmidt, and  
identified her handwriting but did not remember preparing this document and did not know  
anyone by the name of Schmidt.  
[196] Bindon never forged any signatures. She was shown documentation and a signature in  
Exhibits 4, 7, 6 and 32, and it was suggested to her that she forged Scott Park’s signature. She  
denied ever having forged his signature. She never switched any signature pages for any of the  
documents.  
[197] Bindon stopped working for Scott Park towards the fall of 2004 or early 2005 for several  
reasons including financial reasons, and she needed to get out of that environment. Scott Park  
never spoke to her about any concerns regarding any of these transactions except for the first  
time when she raised the issue of the acknowledgment and receipt of down payments.  
[198] In cross-examination, Bindon stated that she was familiar with the Land Titles manual  
and used that for document preparation. Usually the lawyer did not get involved until most of the  
documents had already been prepared. Usually an Offer to Purchase arrived at the office and a  
file was opened, searches were done and documents prepared. The new documents were then  
signed and submitted to the Land Titles office for registration. Part of the duties of the legal  
assistant was to ask the purchaser how they wanted to be described on Title and which address  
they wished to put on the Title. Once the mortgage was registered, the funds were requisitioned  
and the money would go into the trust account. Outstanding taxes or existing mortgages and  
Page: 38  
legal fees would be paid from the money in trust. Once a discharge of mortgage was received, it  
was registered, along with a request for a fresh Certificate of Title, and that was usually sent to  
the purchaser’s lawyer. The legal assistant basically did all of the documents and made the  
appointment for the lawyer to see the client. When the client arrived, the lawyer would see the  
client to sign the required documents which she had left on the top of the file. Typically Scott  
Park prepared his own cheques, but she may have filled some of them in. Also, Scott Park may  
have had a rule that there could be no cash deposits regarding land transactions. Bindon created a  
trust transfer voucher and this was to help Scott Park know how much he had to write on the  
trust cheques, and occasionally she made the entries on Scott Park’s trust ledger. The main  
contact with the client was usually the legal assistant, and it would not be unusual for lenders to  
contact her on files and she would do what was required. The only thing she could not do was to  
give legal advice. Sometimes Commissioners for Oaths, including lawyers, just do favours, as a  
matter of convenience, to swear somebody’s signature. What tells you whether a lawyer is acting  
for a client would be some of the backup documentation such as the file opening documents.  
Bindon assumed that Scott Park was acting for clients because she indicated that was the only  
time she used her signature as a Commissioner for Oaths, and that would have been in the course  
of her duties as a legal assistant.  
[199] David Scorgie and Scott Park had separate trust accounts, trust ledgers, opening file logs,  
file colours; everything was separate. When shown a Transfer and other documentation in  
Exhibit 17 where the Commissioner for Oaths of Kelly Bindon’s signature is Darlene Frohlich,  
and a change as authorized by a solicitor is signed by David Scorgie on a Power of Attorney,  
Kelly Bindon agreed that an outside observer would not know that Scott Park was acting for  
Pervez or the buyer in that case. Bindon agreed that just being a Commissioner for Oaths as a  
lawyer does not automatically make one that person’s lawyer. Bindon agreed that she was being  
paid through David Scorgie’s management company but that both David Scorgie and Scott Park  
were responsible for her salary. Bindon did extra work for Lex Notitia, and Scott Park gave her  
bonuses for that. She received a bonus or two before Pervez came on the scene, but could not  
specifically remember how many, and received extra money from time to time from Scott Park  
for the extra work that she did on the Pervez files.  
[200] David Scorgie did not like Pervez from the start, and Pervez liked to be in control, was  
domineering, and was full of himself. Pervez would walk around the office like he owned it, and  
that was not something that David Scorgie liked. Bindon agreed that Pervez had a very acute  
sense of human nature. Bindon did not want David Scorgie to know about her relationship with  
Pervez, and every time he asked if she was having a relationship with Pervez, she denied it.  
When David Scorgie questioned her about her transaction in around September 2002, Bindon  
believed he was upset about Pervez, and that he may have mentioned something about conflict of  
interest. Bindon gave evidence at the Terry Ellis trial in September of 2007, and although she did  
not recall saying that David Scorgie said it was a conflict of interest, she recognized that she  
obviously did say this at the Terry Ellis trial.  
[201] When shown a Statement of Adjustments (Exhibit 17) where there was no tax  
adjustment, Bindon stated this was typical of Pervez deals, wanting to give the buyers a turnkey  
Page: 39  
operation. It was not unusual for Pervez to make no adjustment for taxes; it was his way of  
operating.  
[202] Exhibit 27, p. 84, a fax from the TD Bank to David Gorn, shows Scorgie Park as the  
lawyer, phone number 471-3194. This was Bindon’s home phone number. The fax number  
shown for Scott Park is 440-4600. This was Pervez’s fax number. Bindon did not know how the  
Pervez fax number got there for Scott Park. Bindon was shown an Offer to Purchase at p. 97 and  
following, and identified her handwriting. Page 100 indicates Scott Park for the buyer’s lawyer,  
and again, Bindon identified her handwriting. The lawyer’s address is shown as Bindon’s home  
address of 12013 - 95th Street. The lawyer’s phone number is shown as 471-3194, Bindon’s  
home phone number and not Scott Park’s, and the fax number is shown as 440-4600 which is  
Pervez’ s fax number and not Scott Park’s. Bindon stated that if she in fact did prepare the  
document, it would have been on Pervez’s instructions. In November of 2002 when that Offer to  
Purchase was prepared, she knew that Scott Park was still at Scorgie Park and that was not his  
phone number nor his fax number. She agreed that this Offer to Purchase contained false  
information.  
[203] Exhibit 23 deals with a late reporting, and when asked how the fax header for January 19,  
2004 from Home Placement (Pervez) got onto the letter, Bindon replied that she had absolutely  
no idea why it was being faxed by Pervez.  
[204] Exhibits 33 and 34 involved late final reportings. Bindon was trying to get them cleaned  
up, but “they,” being the law firm, were not the only ones who were late at that time. She agreed  
that this would be bad for business, and that Scott Park told her, from time to time, that they had  
to get these reports done, but she also stated that Pervez’s transactions were very time sensitive  
and he wanted things done as quickly as possible, and that his closing dates were very tight,  
often within a week.  
[205] When she left the employment of Scott Park, which she believed was in the spring,  
possibly March 2004, there were still final reports that were outstanding, and she handed over  
the files that she had in her possession to Scott Park.  
[206] It was part of Bindon’s job to do the final reporting to lenders, and until she left her  
employment with Scott Park, and even after, in February or March of 2004, she had the open  
files that were still active or ongoing, and Scott Park would have had the closed files. She could  
not recall if she held on to some of the ongoing or active files after she left Scott Park’s employ  
in February or March 2004. She did continue to work on Scott Park’s files after leaving Scott  
Park and starting to work for Parlee.  
[207] Scott Park may have asked her in May or July of 2004 for the return of the outstanding  
files. She left 12013 - 95th Street in September 2004, after a blowup with Pervez and moved to a  
new address in northeast Edmonton. When she moved out, she found some boxes of Scott Park’s  
files. She did not remember how many boxes there were. She took them with her. She did not  
think that Scott Park contacted her in July of 2005, wanting to talk to her about the outstanding  
Page: 40  
mortgages and Law Society issues. Bindon did not remember leaving boxes for Scott Park in  
Sherwood Park at her parents’ house, nor that Scott Park picked them up in 2005. The only  
boxes she remembered Scott Park picking up were from the northeast Edmonton property before  
she moved to Sherwood Park.  
[208] A package of documents was entered, mostly letters from lenders dated in 2003,  
containing 72 pages, requesting final reports from Scott Park (Exhibit 184).  
[209] Pervez did and said all the right things, including compliments, flowers, making Bindon  
feel noticed, and he knew how to take advantage of her. Pervez eventually said that together they  
could make some money, and this occurred in relation to the property at 11319 - 94th Street.  
Bindon denied that this happened in relation to the 95th Street property.  
[210] Exhibit 24, at p. 223, relates to a property at 12020 - 91st Street. Bindon was shown a  
Certified Certificate of Title in relation to the 95th Street property, showing two mortgages put on  
the property in June and November of 2004, and she stated that Pervez had nothing to do with  
those, that those were mortgages which were blanketed over several properties.  
[211] Pervez liked to get early possession of properties, up to two months before the actual  
closing dates and would go into the property as a tenant usually for the purpose of doing  
renovations. It was not unusual for him to just knock on people’s doors and ask them if they  
wanted to sell their properties. Typically, he was buying property, improving them somewhat,  
and then reselling them. It was not unusual for Pervez not to want the buyers to worry about  
details such as tax adjustments.  
[212] Pervez wanted to take the deposits directly himself as opposed to through a realtor or  
lawyers. That is when Bindon became familiar with the document which is entitled Receipt and  
Acknowledgment. She spoke to Scott Park the first time she saw it, and he probably stated to her  
that deposits directly to the vendor were okay and that the consideration could take different  
forms.  
[213] A letter signed by Bindon on Scorgie Park letterhead to Land Titles requests that the  
registration be rushed (Exhibit 21). Bindon did not know if Scott Park knew about the letter but  
the letter would have been on the file. This was not the type of letter that would have required  
the lawyer’s permission to send.  
[214] Bindon agreed that by 2002 she was doing extra work for Pervez, outside of her work  
hours for Scott Park, such as meeting with appraisers and showing them properties. She was told  
by Pervez to be nice to the appraisers. She only dealt with the male appraisers and Pervez dealt  
with the female appraisers. Pervez would tell her what value to tell the appraiser that he was  
expecting on the property appraisal. Bindon was also driving different workers to renovation  
sites and doing other things for Pervez such as faxing documents for him to mortgage brokers,  
and she would hang out at the 118th Avenue office and helped Pervez set up this office. She  
Page: 41  
probably could have done gift letters and Offers to Purchase and other documents for Pervez. If  
Pervez asked her to fax something, she would have done it because she trusted him implicitly.  
[215] Bindon incorporated her own company to hold properties and did not tell Scott Park or  
David Scorgie; however, she thought it was possible that Scott Park may have signed the  
incorporation documents. She also thought that she used the registered office of Scorgie Park as  
that of her corporation. Scott Park would not have known that her own purchases were opened  
until the mortgage instructions came. She did not believe that there was a fee charged on her  
deals, but would have paid disbursements. With respect to her mortgage application for the  
property at 12020 - 91st Street, Exhibit 24, she did not think that she told Scott Park about it but  
he may have provided the employment letter.  
[216] Bindon never received any Offers to Purchase from Pervez unless a file was to be opened  
by the Scott Park Law Office. She did not recall receiving any Offers to Purchase from Pervez  
for the simple task of forwarding them to somebody else. She was shown various Offers to  
Purchase from Exhibits 5, 7, 8, 9, 13, 15, 18, 21, which are Offers to Purchase where no files  
were opened and no actions were taken; Bindon determined this by looking at the file opening  
log in Exhibit 109.  
[217] The general practice was to put all documents on the file that were either sent somewhere  
or received by someone. If the file was closed, it should contain all of the searches and other  
documents. She was shown a pile of documents (approximately 3 inches thick) marked as  
Exhibit “F” for Identification, and asked if she recalled giving this large pile of documents which  
included Land Titles searches, registrations and other documents, not in individual files but just  
bunched together, to Scott Park after September 2004 when he went to pick them up at her  
house. She stated that she recalled giving him something similar but it was only an inch thick.  
This clearly contradicts her earlier evidence that everything she ever did ended up on the  
individual files.  
[218] Exhibit 28, p. 119, Exhibit 29, p. 100, Exhibit 31, p. 104 and Exhibit 32, p. 107 are letters  
to lenders on the letterhead of Scott Park confirming that various deposits were being held on  
trust. Bindon prepared these documents, likely because she was asked to do so by Pervez. She  
may not have checked to see if the money was actually in trust. It was her practice to check the  
Pervez “catch all” trust ledger file (30,432), but that would be the only place she would check, if  
she did in fact check. All of these letters would have been prepared if Pervez had requested  
them.  
[219] Bindon confirmed that she told the trial judge at the Terry Ellis trial on September 26,  
2007 “I don’t suspect so” in response to a question as to whether she had taken any steps to see if  
the money was in trust (transcript, p. 141). At p. 142, she was asked whether she could have  
phoned Scott Park, and whether she did, and she indicated that she did not because she trusted  
Pervez implicitly. Also at the trial, she was asked whether she did everything she was asked to  
do by Pervez, and her response was, “yes, that would be her memory”. Bindon then stated that  
Page: 42  
this was true at the time she gave that answer, but now she remembers things that she was asked  
to do by Pervez that she did not do.  
[220] Exhibit 24, at p. 133, is an Offer to Purchase where Bindon is seller to 978742 Alberta  
Ltd. She never opened a file for this for the purchase because she never sold the property to  
978742. She did not know why the document was prepared, but she did not create it, and then  
she stated, with a “hmm,” that she did not recall knowledge of this document.  
[221] The file opening log (Exhibit 109) is of no assistance as to whether files were opened in  
relation to Exhibits 26, 31, 33, 37, 38 and 39 (Offers to Purchase) because those periods are not  
covered or there are pages missing.  
[222] It was likely that if somebody had phoned and asked Scott Park regarding an Offer to  
Purchase for which a file had not been opened, that he would have said something like it did not  
ring a bell, and, “You should talk to my assistant or Kelly.”  
[223] Exhibit 42, p. 73, is an Offer to Purchase. Bindon agreed that it appeared to be her  
handwriting but could not tell from Exhibit 109 whether a file was opened. She stated, “I would  
suspect it is my handwriting because Carmen Pervez put me up to it.” Likewise, Exhibit 43,  
another Offer to Purchase which she indicated appeared to be in her handwriting, was very likely  
created because Pervez told her to do it.  
[224] An original letter from Parlee McLaws was marked as Exhibit “G” for Identification.  
When asked whether this might have been one of the documents that she turned over in the box  
of documents to Scott Park after September 2004, Bindon indicated that it was possible.  
[225] Bindon was shown an Offer to Purchase which was marked as Exhibit “H” for  
Identification. It has different color ink for names and the body of the document, where it shows  
the sellers as being Kerry Park and Kerry Novac and the buyer to be Kerry Novac. Bindon  
agreed that Exhibit “H” for Identification may have been in the box of documents that she gave  
to Scott Park when he picked them up from her northeast home and that the Offer to Purchase at  
pp. 119 and 120 of Exhibit 30 could have been created from Exhibit “H” for Identification  
because they have the same contract number and the body of the document is the same. She did  
not remember coming into possession of Exhibit “H” for Identification. She stated that Pervez  
may have done some creative photocopying, but she had no knowledge of this.  
[226] Bindon indicated that it was possible that she prepared an Anticipated Statement of  
Adjustments (Exhibit 39, p. 91). When it was suggested to her that she knew that the sale from  
Duncombe to Thind was bogus, as was the Anticipated Statement of Adjustments, she  
responded, “I don’t know that I prepared it.”  
[227] Exhibit 43 contains a Statement of Adjustments going between Home Placements and  
Pops Venkatraman. Bindon presumed it was from Pervez to Pops Venkatraman. She identified  
Page: 43  
her handwriting on the Statement of Adjustment, “Attention: Terry” (p. 79). She presumed that  
she had sent this document to Terry Ellis.  
[228] Bindon did not recall any contact with Imran Javaid and believed that he lived in  
Pakistan. She also denied that she told anybody that Imran Javaid had told her that Pervez had  
the authority to act on his behalf. She was then shown a letter dated April 25, 2003 on the Scott  
Park letterhead (Exhibit 195), and agreed that it was her signature. She agreed that the letter  
could have been in the box of documents which she gave to Scott Park after she left his employ,  
and that would not be a surprise to her. The letter states that after discussions with Javaid, he has  
given authority to Pervez. Bindon assumed that the letter was sent out upon the request of  
Pervez, whether or not she actually had spoken to Javaid.  
[229] Bindon denied that she ever had clients sign more than one copy of a Power of Attorney  
at a time (Exhibit 12) or had anybody sign a Power of Attorney where the description of the land  
was left blank.  
[230] Bindon did not forge Scott Park’s signature on an Affidavit of Execution (Exhibit 24); if  
it was forged, it was not forged by her. She was shown pp. 103 to 106, the mortgage application,  
and at p. 105 where it states, “Owner occupied,” it says “Yes.” She did not recall if they had had  
that discussion. She identified her signature at p. 106. She would not agree that she lied to Cory  
Monetta at the TD Bank, and responded by saying, “I don’t recall.” However, she and Pervez did  
represent to Cory Monetta that she was going to be living in the property, and she had no such  
intention.  
[231] Bindon believed the Offer to Purchase (Exhibit 26) was in her handwriting. Page 71, for  
the conveyancing lawyer, states the name Scott Park, but gives her phone number and house  
address and Pervez’s fax number. Page 74 of Exhibit 26, is a FirstLine bank document to David  
Gorn, and again, the fax in that letter is that of Pervez. Bindon had no idea how she could have  
made the mistake of putting Pervez’s fax number instead of Scott Park’s.  
[232] On a similar document from the Canada Trust to David Gorn (Exhibit 27, p. 84) the  
lawyer is indicated as being Scott Park but the phone number and address is Bindon’s and the  
fax number is Pervez’s. Bindon suspected that Pervez gave his fax number to David Gorn. When  
asked whether it was intended that phone calls or faxes would either go to her or Pervez, Bindon  
replied that was not her intention but it was maybe Pervez’s. She added that she trusted that if  
Pervez got a fax, he would then pass it on to Scott Park. She did not believe there was anything  
untoward about this, that is, putting her phone number and her address and Pervez’s fax number  
as being those of Scott Park.  
[233] Exhibit 33 shows a similar situation with a different fax number being shown for Scott  
Park, and Bindon’s response was, “What I said earlier - it was not meant to deceive.”  
[234] Exhibit 36 shows the date that the mortgage was signed before Bindon was February 26,  
2003, however the Affidavit of Transferee sworn by her by the same person, Duncombe, was  
Page: 44  
February 27, 2003. She explained that this was an error, but she did not know. She had no  
explanation as to why, at pp. 129 and 140, there was no signature by Scott Park in the spaces for  
the lawyer’s signature in relation to “a solicitor’s request of mortgage funds from MCAP”.  
[235] Bindon knew Monahan personally and from Supreme Insurance. In relation to the Pervez  
deals, she knew she could call Monahan and get an insurance binder on short notice. This  
occurred until Supreme Insurance shut down. Bindon was not doing anything to assist Monahan  
with her work in Winnipeg. However, she was shown a fax on Scorgie Park letterhead (Exhibit  
“I” for Identification) which she said was in her handwriting. It was a message from Kelly to  
Judy Monahan, dated February 27, 2002, describing mortgage listings for Edmonton and  
Winnipeg properties. Bindon did not recall sending this document, but stated she likely prepared  
and sent it at the request of Pervez. This contradicts her earlier answer that she never assisted  
Monahan with the Winnipeg properties.  
[236] Bindon did not recall a fax document dated November 8, 2001 entitled Condo Mortgage  
List for November (Exhibit “J” for Identification). However, she identified the handwriting at  
the bottom which states, “Which void cheques Tony?” as being her own.  
[237] She had no recollection of a document which she stated was handwritten by her, entitled  
“Things to do” (Exhibit “K” for Identification). The document reads as follows:  
Things to do  
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Register cube van  
see Patrick  
stop @ Peter  
Rents - Ron 473-0325 66th St  
get parging removed @ 11225 - 89 St  
get 127th Ave property (fire) clean up (6904 - 127 Ave)  
get things from Mark  
get the guy beside office for exterior paint  
call Norm 945-6012 for windows  
get bathroom door for 11338 - 96 St (28 x 78) & removal of garbage  
pay driver  
($374.50)  
6904 - 127 Ave”  
[238] Bindon stated she would not be surprised that a blank Acknowledgment of Receipt  
document (Exhibit “M” for Identification) was found in a box that she gave to Scott Park. She  
Page: 45  
also agreed that a document called Receipt and Acknowledgment regarding Michael Albert  
(Exhibit “N” for Identification) could have been found in one of the boxes that she gave to Scott  
Park. Bindon was shown a document entitled Assignment of Promissory Note (Exhibit “O” for  
Identification) from Shezad Ahmad to Carmen Pervez, and another similar one (Exhibit “P” for  
Identification). Also marked as Exhibit “Q” for Identification was a Receipt of  
Acknowledgment, and she confirmed that she would not be surprised if it was in the box given to  
Scott Park because of the date, being 2001. She did not recall the list in a fax cover sheet to Ron  
Dinning from Kelly, dated November 7, 2001 on Scorgie Park letterhead (Exhibit “S” for  
Identification). The body of the document talks about providing Ron Dinning, at Pervez’s  
request, copies of the Certified Certificates of Title regarding the Camrose properties. Bindon  
thought that a document called Purchases Acknowledgment regarding the standard CMHC  
obligations (Exhibit “T” for Identification) may have been the precedent that was being used  
from the Law Society to explain CMHC obligations.  
[239] Bindon managed utilities for the Pervez properties, and identified her handwriting on a  
document entitled Agreement for Transfer of Utilities (Exhibit “W” for Identification) regarding  
Marie Kapeller, as well as on a sticky note (Exhibit “X” for Identification) stating that she was to  
create files for each tenant and create spread sheets “re utilities and tenancy agreements.”  
However, notwithstanding it was her handwriting, she did not know what this was about.  
[240] Bindon identified Scott Park’s handwriting on a document addressed to Kelly (Exhibit  
“Z” for Identification), which states:  
“Kelly  
We need to get organized.  
Priorities  
1.  
2.  
3.  
Trust.  
Bank of Montreal stuff  
New deals ÷ Kelly. Please do not take any new deals (unless Ok’d by  
me). We need to get the reportings done on the old stuff.  
Keep current!”  
Bindon agreed that it was very likely that she received this note from Scott Park.  
[241] She did not recall having previously seen a blank cheque from Shezad Ahmad (Exhibit  
“AA” for Identification) although she agreed that it appeared to be her handwriting. She also  
identified her handwriting on a sticky note which states, “A cheque for 912722" (Exhibit “BB”  
for Identification). At p. 2 of the document is a photocopy of a blank cheque for Canadian  
Investments IED, a Tony Kahlon company. Also in her handwriting is a sticky note which states,  
“Tony’s company cheque,” and it has the same cheque attached (Exhibit “CC” for  
Identification). With respect to a letter from the Scotiabank to Kelly Bindon, including her  
unused Visa credit card (Exhibit “DD” for Identification), she agreed that she had no intention of  
Page: 46  
giving this to Scott Park in one of the boxes that she gave to him. Exhibit “EE” for Identification  
is a letter from Mastercard, July 2004, which shows that the credit card which was being  
cancelled was in the names Kelly Bindon and Gohar Pervez. She had a joint account with Pervez  
and never intended on giving this to Scott Park. However, she denied that she was Pervez’s  
business partner.  
[242] Regarding her purchase of 12020 - 91 Street (Exhibit 24), when asked whether she got  
the mortgage on the basis of a down payment from the sale of the 95th Street property which she  
never intended to sell, Bindon stated she did not think she was doing anything wrong at the time.  
However, when asked about questions and answers given at the Preliminary Inquiry, p. 1524, she  
agreed that what she was telling the mortgage company was deceitful. Further, she confirmed at  
the Preliminary Inquiry, that Scott Park did not know about this, and that Scott Park would not  
have known the essence of the mortgage application, and that the lawyer does not usually find  
out what went on in a mortgage application.  
[243] When asked whether she intended to rent out 11319 - 94 Street (Exhibit 22), Bindon said,  
“No, not necessarily, because the 95th Street property was for sale.” However, at the Preliminary  
Inquiry (at p. 1550), she stated that it was her intention to rent out the 94th Street property. She  
did not tell the bank what she was going to do with the property, and when asked the question,  
“Why not?”, she answered, “Because it was deceitful.” When asked whether she knew that her  
mortgage application at the Bank of Montreal was deceitful, she basically did not answer the  
question. When asked the question at the Preliminary Inquiry, “Did you know that at the time?”,  
i.e., being deceitful, her answer was “Yes.” Bindon did not believe that she had discussed the  
Bank of Montreal mortgage with Scott Park. However, she agreed that at the Preliminary Inquiry  
she stated that she had not discussed it with Scott Park.  
[244] Bindon recalled there having been five undischarged mortgages. This was being done  
behind Scott Park’s back, and she knew that the money received from the mortgage proceeds  
was to be used elsewhere, and that she was leaving Scott Park out to dry. She kept reminding  
Pervez every day that the mortgages should be paid out. She eventually spoke to Scott Park  
about this, and Scott Park asked her why the mortgages had not been paid out.  
[245] Bindon identified the writing on the original Offer to Purchase in relation to Exhibit 30  
(Exhibit “H” for Identification) in dark ink as that of Scott Park and the writing in light blue ink  
as that of Pervez.  
[246] The evidence clearly demonstrates that Bindon was an integral part of Pervez’s  
fraudulent scheme. She benefitted personally from the frauds through her own transactions. As a  
result, her testimony must be viewed very carefully. Her testimony, in general, is untrustworthy  
and tainted. It would further appear from her testimony that she may be of immoral character,  
with an interest in the outcome of the trial, and, as demonstrated by the contradictory evidence  
given at the Preliminary Inquiry or at the Terry Ellis trial and the present trial, cannot be trusted  
to tell the truth even where she has taken an oath to tell the truth.  
Page: 47  
[247] Bindon’s testimony as it relates to the description of the real estate practice at the law  
firm of Scorgie Park was straightforward and was confirmed in part by David Scorgie. I accept  
her testimony as a qualified real estate paralegal, that she did almost all of the work on the files.  
There is no evidence contradicting her testimony on this point.  
[248] However, when it came to questionable practices or steps taken in relation to some of the  
transactions which appeared suspicious or required explanation, Bindon became evasive and  
would repeatedly answer, “I don’t recall” or “I think so” or “I presume so.” I find this was an  
effort on her part not to have to explain documentation or steps which would raise concerns or  
suspicion.  
[249] The evidence in this trial contradicts her testimony that she hid nothing from Scott Park  
and had no reason to lie to him. It is clear from the evidence that although she was employed and  
being paid by Scott Park and/or David Scorgie, she was in actual fact an employee or a pawn of  
Pervez. She testified repeatedly that she would have done basically anything and everything that  
Pervez asked her to do because she trusted him implicitly. She went so far as to become involved  
in criminal activity including the preparation of false offers to purchase, gift letters, and  
reporting to the lenders. She took steps to ensure that Scott Park would not become aware of her  
deceptions by putting her phone number and Pervez’s fax number on the false Offers to Purchase  
prepared by her. This was done to ensure that if anybody called regarding these false Offers to  
Purchase, the call would go to her or the fax messages would go to Pervez instead of Scott Park.  
The lender or person making an enquiry would have believed that the faxed communication or  
telephone would be with Scott Park when it would not have occurred in that fashion.  
[250] It is clear from the evidence Bindon provided at the Preliminary Inquiry that Scott Park  
would have known none of the information concerning her own three transactions.  
[251] I accept Bindon’s evidence that it was not unusual for Pervez to get early possession of  
properties he had purchased and do some renovations and then get an appraisal showing a  
substantial increase in value from the purchase price. This is confirmed by the evidence of other  
witnesses regarding Pervez going into properties and doing renovations, but also by  
documentation, as an example, in Exhibit 38 by way of registered caveat showing early  
possession by Pervez in relation to some of the properties.  
[252] I reject Bindon’s evidence that she knew Ron Dinning but had nothing to do with  
appraisals. Her evidence was that she dealt with the male appraisers and Pervez dealt with the  
females. The documentation (Exhibit 24, p. 111 and Exhibit 22, p. 111) clearly shows that she  
had direct communication with the mortgage broker by providing Ron Dinning’s appraisal in  
relation to the property she was purchasing with her own written notations regarding why the  
appraisal should be relied upon. During cross-examination, she identified her own handwriting  
on the fax cover sheet dated November 7, 2001 (Exhibit “S” for Identification) which states,  
“Ron, at Carmen’s request please find enclosed the Certified Copes of Certificates of Titles for  
each of units 31A, 35A and 39D Grandview Crescent.”  
Page: 48  
[253] I also reject Bindon’s evidence on the issue of whether or not all work she would have  
done would have been contained in an open individualized file. It is clear from Exhibit “F” for  
Identification that the various Land Titles documentation and other documentation do not relate  
to names or files that have been recorded as opened in the opening file log or heard of during the  
trial. This clearly supports not only the inference but her admission that in addition to working  
and being paid by Scott Park, she was working at the same time for Pervez in obtaining  
appraisals, taking appraisers to properties, taking employees to and from work sites to do  
renovations and creating utilities cross-references. She did not advise Scott Park of all of these  
additional services that she was doing for Pervez. This undermines her testimony that she had  
nothing to hide.  
[254] Although it is unclear whether or not Bindon forged Scott Park’s signature, it is clear that  
she created many documents under the guise of Scott Park without his knowledge. These  
included anticipated Statements of Adjustments, letters to lenders confirming deposits being held  
on behalf of purchasers, entries into the ledger account and creation of documents while Scott  
Park was away in Mexico in January 2003.  
[255] I find Bindon’s evidence that Scott Park kept the trust ledgers at his home after he left the  
firm to be improbable. She testified that she communicated with him when she worked out of  
her home, usually a minimum of once per week. She also testified that she prepared all of the  
trust cheque vouchers, and almost all of the entries on the ledger were identified as being in her  
handwriting. She would have required the ledger to ensure that there were sufficient funds in the  
trust account to support the trust cheques. I find that it is much more likely that she had  
possession of the trust ledger the vast majority of the time.  
[256] I am satisfied that Bindon was questioned by Scott Park regarding the undischarged  
mortgages or non-final reporting to the lenders. This is supported by the creation of Exhibit “Z”  
by Scott Park. However, I am not satisfied that she ever told Scott Park that the reason that the  
final reportings to the lenders had not occurred was because the pre-existing mortgages had not  
been paid out at the direction of Pervez. I reject her evidence on the same basis as stated earlier  
when she stated that she had nothing to hide from Scott Park. I find, as admitted by Bindon, that  
she knew that the non-payment of the mortgages could and would get Scott Park into trouble, yet  
went along with the directions of Pervez because she was in a relationship with him and trusted  
him implicitly. Further, her actions belie her assertion that she was doing nothing wrong  
because, for example, it is incredible that an experienced conveyancing secretary would not  
understand that the transfer between her and Monahan of blank cheques (bearing her handwritten  
notations) was acceptable practice.  
Straw Buyers  
Sheila Straub  
[257] Sheila Straub has been employed at NAV Canada since 1997. She met Sheila Holloway  
as a co-employee at NAV Canada. Through Sheila Holloway, she also met Elizabeth Holloway  
Page: 49  
and Monahan and all four became friends in 1997. In late 2000 or early 2001 she was  
approached by Monahan and Elizabeth Holloway to help them establish their rental property  
business. They needed help to buy the rental property by having somebody take out the mortgage  
on the property. The initial agreement was that she would receive $1,000 per house purchased.  
She understood that the houses purchased in her name would then be transferred to a numbered  
company belonging to Monahan and Elizabeth Holloway. Sheila Straub did not know, however,  
who owned the properties at the time she made the purchases. Further, she did not know that she  
was actually buying property from a company for whom Monahan was a director. All of the  
properties were to remain in her name for one month and then be transferred to Monahan’s  
company. However, the exhibits do not support the statement of Sheila Straub that the property  
remained in her name for only one month. Exhibit 5 shows that the property remained in her  
name for approximately 19 months, Exhibit 8 for approximately 8 months, and Exhibit 12 for  
approximately 5 months. She had no dealings with any of the property itself or with real estate  
agents or mortgage brokers, nor did she ever pay any monies to any of the purchasers or make  
any mortgage payments; Monahan took care of all the details.  
[258] Sheila Straub was asked by Monahan to give her a Power of Attorney. The signature on  
the Power of Attorney dated March 2001 involving a property at 11442 - 82 Street is not hers.  
She identified her signature on the transfer from herself to a numbered company regarding this  
property, but did not recall signing it. She provided Monahan with a Power of Attorney in the  
fall of 2001, signing it in a parking lot on Calgary Trail while she was on her way to  
Lloydminster. Later in her direct evidence in relation to this Power of Attorney (Exhibit 12), she  
stated that she did not believe it was her signature on the Power of Attorney granted to Monahan  
in October 2001.  
[259] Sheila Straub was involved with eight purchases for Monahan and Elizabeth Holloway.  
The first two were done through the lawyer Jorginder Kandola in March 2001 and April 2001.  
The third was in July 2001. On that occasion, Bindon was the witness to the signature of Pervez  
as the seller, the commissioner on Sheila Straub’s Affidavit of Transferee and the witness to  
Sheila Straub’s mortgage. Bindon’s Affidavit of Execution as to the transfer and the mortgage  
was commissioned in both instances by David Scorgie.  
[260] The next property was purchased in September 2001 (Exhibit 5). Sheila Straub  
acknowledged that the printing on a document entitled The Mortgage Centre appeared to be hers.  
However, she was not sure that it was her signature on the third page of that document. The  
Mortgage Centre document (Exhibit 5, p. 89) provided detailed information concerning Sheila  
Straub, including address, social insurance number, birthday, employment, assets and liabilities.  
It is interesting to note that although Sheila Straub acknowledged it was her writing on this  
document, which was being completed as a borrower for a mortgage, there was an error as it  
related to the box being checked off regarding her address in Devon as “rent.” She was the  
owner and not a renter. She acknowledged that the signature on the conflict letter appeared to be  
hers and stated that she did recall Scott Park saying that if there was a conflict between the  
parties, that he could not represent any of the parties. She did not recall being asked to sign a  
transfer back, but had Scott Park raised the issue of a transfer back, she would have said, “No  
Page: 50  
need, I’m only on title for one month.” There is a transfer back signed by Sheila Straub (Exhibit  
5 at p. 130). She remained the owner until March 2003, some 19 months. The mortgagee, the  
Bank of Montreal, issued and filed a Statement of Claim showing Sheila Straub as a defendant  
on January 31, 2003 (Exhibit 1, pps. 3 to 7), and registered a Certificate of Lis Pendens against  
the Title on February 4, 2003. The property was then sold to Homesteader, with the Certificate  
of Lis Pendens still registered on Title on March 21, 2003. The mortgage was eventually paid out  
by Pops Venkatraman (acting for Homesteader), as evidenced by a Discontinuance of Action  
filed against Sheila Straub on April 29, 2003 (Exhibit 1, p. 29). Sheila Straub knew nothing  
about a Certificate of Lis Pendens and presumably the Statement of Claim naming her as a  
defendant. Scott Park had no involvement in relation to the sale from Sheila Straub to  
Homesteader.  
[261] On the next purchase (Exhibit 8), although Sheila Straub believed the signature on the  
Affidavit of Transferee before Scott Park was hers, she did not recall this document nor any  
discussion of this document with Scott Park. Further, she knew nothing about a void cheque.  
[262] On the subsequent purchase (Exhibit 12) Sheila Straub stated that she did not even know  
what a Dower Affidavit was. Again, she did not believe that the signature on the Power of  
Attorney granted to Monahan in October 2001 was hers. However, it was possible that she  
signed two Powers of Attorney before Scott Park on October 3, 2001. In cross-examination,  
Sheila Straub stated that she did not recall reading the Powers of Attorney for Monahan because  
she trusted her. She stated that Monahan had been “bugging her” to sign a Power of Attorney  
and that if Monahan said to sign a document, she signed it. Lastly, she did not recall swearing  
any documents before Scott Park but it could have happened.  
[263] The next purchase by Sheila Straub was in April 2002. Bindon was the witness to the  
vendor’s signature, the commissioner to Sheila Straub’s Affidavit of Transferee, the  
commissioner in relation to the vendor’s Dower Affidavit, and the witness to Sheila Straub’s  
mortgage. The last purchase by Sheila Straub was in September 2002, and again, Bindon was the  
witness to the vendor’s signature, commissioner on the Affidavit of Transferee for the purchaser,  
and witness to the mortgage of Sheila Straub by her Power of Attorney Judy Monahan.  
[264] Sheila Straub denied being told what to say or to lie to Scott Park.  
[265] In cross-examination regarding her involvement, Sheila Straub stated that she was simply  
signing documents for a temporary arrangement, was not interested in the details and was only  
doing a favour for Monahan. Further, on the occasions that she signed documents, she did not  
know how many documents she would have signed or how many copies of each document. She  
was never told about mortgage payments, insurances or taxes or material changes by Scott Park  
or others, because had such things been said, she would have told the lawyers that those were  
Monahan’s obligations.  
[266] Sheila Straub stated that she received four $1,000 payments in cash and that this was  
Monahan’s idea. She never reported any of the $1,000 payments on her Income Tax Returns.  
Page: 51  
She could not recall how the $1,000 was paid to her, or if it was in an envelope. She understood  
that she would receive $1,000 for allowing the properties to go into her name for one month, and  
that Monahan would then transfer the property into her company name. It never occurred to her  
that this process was to fool somebody, nor that it was a scheme.  
[267] Sheila Straub never restricted information to Scott Park, but never told him that she had  
previously purchased three properties in 2001, before his involvement. She met Bindon and had  
telephone conversations with her and Monahan would tell her to go to the office and it could  
have been on those occasions to meet with Bindon.  
[268] I find some of Sheila Straub’s testimony to be unbelievable and not truthful, especially as  
it relates to her not perceiving anything unusual. Her testimony was, at best, sketchy and  
unreliable, yet she appeared to have an answer for everything. She acknowledged that some of  
her purported signatures were hers and that some were not, but it would appear that the  
identification of her signature depended on which document she was looking at. I find that Sheila  
Straub’s evidence is not credible, and is unreliable.  
Sheila Holloway  
[269] Sheila Holloway is 48 years old and a flight specialist for NAV Canada. Her evidence is  
as follows.  
[270] Sheila Holloway is the sister of Elizabeth Holloway, and as a result, developed a  
friendship with Monahan. She also had been a co-worker of Sheila Straub for approximately 11  
years and was her friend. At some point in 2001 both Elizabeth Holloway and Monahan left their  
employment at Johnson Insurance and Realty in Devon, Alberta. Monahan went to work at  
Supreme Insurance in Edmonton, Alberta, in a building with Judge and Associates. Monahan  
and Elizabeth Holloway approached Sheila Holloway to help them in the buying of properties.  
Monahan told her that she had met somebody at work, and that they would buy properties, do  
renovations, and then either rent or resell the properties at a profit. Monahan and Elizabeth  
Holloway told her that they could not qualify for the mortgages to buy the properties because  
their credit ratings were not good. They asked Sheila Holloway if she would qualify for the  
mortgages for them. She understood that her only responsibility was to qualify for the mortgage  
and that Monahan and Elizabeth Holloway would take care of everything in relation to the  
property. At first she was reluctant and it seemed strange to her that she would qualify for  
mortgages but that Monahan and Elizabeth Holloway would be responsible for everything  
because they were the owners. She asked Monahan and Elizabeth Holloway if it was legal, and  
was told that they had consulted a lawyer and that it was. She agreed to participate because her  
friend Sheila Straub had been approached and had agreed to do this, and Sheila Straub was far  
more astute than she was.  
[271] Monahan asked Sheila Holloway to provide her T4 returns, proof of employment and  
other documentation necessary for a mortgage approval, and she gave these documents to either  
Page: 52  
Monahan or Elizabeth Holloway. Shortly after, she received a call from Monahan and was told  
to go to Canada Trust and sign mortgage documents to buy a house. She stated that she went to  
various financial institutions to sign the documents and that all of the preparation work had  
already been done.  
[272] Sheila Holloway purchased ten properties but saw only the last one. She was not  
responsible for the mortgage payments, property taxes, insurance, deposits, shortfall, or anything  
having to do with any of the properties. She would simply be told by Monahan or Elizabeth  
Holloway to go to a lawyer’s office to sign the mortgage documents. When it was time to sell the  
properties, she would usually go to Monahan or Elizabeth Holloway to sign the transfer  
documents.  
[273] The first two purchases were done through a lawyer named Jorginder Kandola, the third  
with David Coley, the next six with Scott Park, and the last one with Pops Venkatraman. She  
would simply go into the lawyer’s office and all of the papers would be ready and that she would  
sign. She never provided any down payment or received any sale proceeds. She had nothing to  
do with appraisals or insurance, or, in fact, anything to do with any of the properties. She never  
took steps to review the documents, and simply signed them.  
[274] After the first purchase, Sheila Holloway received $1,000 cash from Monahan or  
Elizabeth Holloway. She was told this was as a thank you. She was not expecting the $1,000 but  
was pleasantly surprised. She received $1,000 for each of the properties she purchased except  
maybe the last two.  
[275] Sheila Holloway stated that it was hard to remember what she knew and when she knew  
it. Sheila Holloway denied being told what to do or say or to lie to Scott Park. Scott Park never  
discussed or explained any of the documents to her. However, she did remember Scott Park  
always giving her a spiel about acting for the Bank of Montreal and stating that he would be  
representing all three parties, that is, the seller, buyer and the lender, and that if there was a  
conflict of interest, he could not act for her. She remembered Scott Park stating, after a couple of  
deals, something to the effect that it looked like real estate was profitable and maybe he should  
get into it.  
[276] In cross-examination, she acknowledged that the proposal by Monahan and Elizabeth  
Holloway did not look right to her at the beginning, and that in her heart of hearts she knew it  
seemed improbable that you could do this. However, she was told it was legal, and she went  
along because Sheila Straub was also doing it. It never occurred to her to call a lawyer. She  
assumed that she would be on title, that there would be some renovations done, and that the  
property would then be taken out of her name.  
[277] Sheila Holloway has no recall as to how many documents or how many copies of  
documents she would have signed before each lawyer, nor what explanations she may have  
received from any of the lawyers. She did not recall taking an oath or swearing an oath or giving  
an affirmation because had she been asked to swear such a document, she would not have done  
Page: 53  
so out of good conscience. She added that she did not recall being asked to swear any  
documents, but that she was not saying that it did not happen. When shown a dower affidavit  
sworn before Scott Park, she indicated that she noticed that it stated “not married,” and told Scott  
Park this and he crossed it out and fixed it.  
[278] It should be noted that there are several affidavits sworn by Sheila Holloway as noted in  
Exhibits 7, 9, 10, 18, 20, 23 and 62. She never told any lawyer that she was only there because  
she qualified for the mortgage and that she was not the real buyer. Nobody, including the bank  
employees or the lawyers, ever told her that she would be responsible for the mortgage payments  
or property taxes or that the property would have to be insured or that she would have to advise  
of any change of ownership. She thought this did not occur because they, being the lawyers,  
would have assumed that she knew these things. However, when asked about whether there was  
talk about mortgage payments, she gave the following qualified reply: “I didn’t, as far as I can  
recall.”  
[279] Exhibit 62 provides a time line and the documentation in relation to Sheila Holloway’s  
purchases. The first two purchases are on March 21, 2001 and April 26, 2001 with Jorginder  
Kandola. The third purchase is with David Coley on June 20, 2001. The next six purchases are  
with Scott Park, between September 21, 2001 and September 24, 2002. The last purchase is with  
Pops Venkatraman on May 12, 2003.  
[280] In relation to the first property purchased on March 21, 2001 (Exhibit 62), the Affidavit  
of Transferee was sworn before Jorginder Kandola and he was also the witness to the mortgage.  
However, that property was not sold until September 12, 2001, and the witness to her signature  
on the transfer was Harjitt Judge. The same individuals were again involved in relation to the  
second purchase on April 26, 2001with the property being sold on September 18, 2001. In  
relation to the third property purchased from Pervez on June 20th, 2001, it should be noted that  
the transfer of land signed by Pervez is witnessed by Bindon, and that the Affidavit of Execution  
of Bindon’s signature (Exhibit 62 , p. 165) was sworn before Nancy Elander, even though  
originally the stamp was for that of the lawyer David Scorgie. Not only was David Coley the  
witness to Sheila Holloway’s mortgage, but the Affidavit of Transferee was sworn before him. In  
relation to the last property purchased, the vendor’s signature is again Bindon and the Affidavit  
of Transferee is sworn by Sheila Holloway before Pops Venkatraman who is also the witness on  
the mortgage.  
[281] Although Sheila Holloway has professed that she was not involved in any of the details  
regarding the purchases except to go in and sign and that no discussions took place, there is some  
evidence which appears to contradict her statement. An internal Bank of Montreal document  
(Exhibit 20, at p. 65) was identified by Tanya Welsh, a witness for the Bank of Montreal. She  
indicated that the handwriting would have been from an employee of the lender. The writer of  
the note states, “This client stated that she signed the waiver for her life insurance and yet she is  
getting charged.” The client is Sheila Holloway and there was evidence that she did sign such a  
waiver. This document would seem to be a clear indication that Sheila Holloway was more  
involved than what she stated under oath.  
Page: 54  
[282] The Order and Direction to Pay at p. 167 of Exhibit 10, which was signed by Sheila  
Holloway, authorized that the balance of any payment to her be made on behalf of Home  
Placement Systems. However, the promissory note signed by Sean Syrenne and witnessed by his  
lawyer and dated May 1, 2004 shows it as being payable to Sheila Holloway.  
[283] Further evidence of Sheila Holloway’s involvement is the Statement of Defence (Exhibit  
1, pp. 307 to 309) filed by Sheila Holloway in relation to Exhibit 10. She testified that when she  
got served with the Statement of Claim, she asked Monahan to take care of it, and denies ever  
seeing the Statement of Defence although the backer clearly indicates her as the person filing it.  
In answer to the Statement of Claim that she was part of a fraud in relation to Exhibit 10, para. 2  
of her Statement of Defence states, “The defendant Sheila Holloway states that good and  
valuable consideration in the amount as set forth in the real estate purchase contract was paid for  
the lands”, and para. 3 states, “The defendant, Sheila Holloway, states that the purchase of the  
lands was a bona fide transaction.”  
[284] This purchase by Sheila Holloway resulted in a sale to Sean Syrenne as is evidenced in  
Exhibit 10. It should be noted that Sean Syrenne wrote a letter to the Bank of Montreal, dated  
January 6, 2003 (Exhibit 1 at p. 269), which stated in part, “As stated many times, I did buy the  
property in good faith from Mr. Pervez and would like to keep the property . . . .” The above  
Statement of Defence and comments made by Sean Syrenne both in the letter cited and in  
testifying before the court appear to indicate that there were some dealings or deal between  
Pervez and Sheila Holloway in relation to this property. This would provide some explanation as  
to why there is a letter to the lawyer acting for Sean Syrenne dated May 7, 2002, from Scott Park  
but signed by David Scorgie for Scott Park, stating that the law firm acts as solicitors for Home  
Placement Systems (Pervez) and/or Sheila Holloway.  
[285] I found Sheila Holloway’s evidence to be unreliable and untrustworthy and inconsistent  
with the documentary evidence.  
Jayne Sluchinski  
[286] In 2001 Jayne Sluchinski was living in Edmonton with her husband and two children.  
Before moving to Edmonton in 2000 she lived in Devon, and for approximately three years was  
a next-door neighbour to Monahan and Elizabeth Holloway. She had a friendship with Monahan  
and Elizabeth Holloway, and continued to have contact with them once in Edmonton. In mid-  
July 2001 Monahan and Elizabeth Holloway invited her to their house for tea. Monahan stated  
that she had an easy way for her to make money and that if she had a good credit rating and  
would spend five minutes with a lawyer, she would get $1,000. Monahan stated that she had a  
friend who had the money but had a bad credit rating. While still sitting there, she gave Monahan  
and Elizabeth Holloway her pay stubs and social insurance number. At that time Jayne  
Sluchinski worked for the Federal Government, Industry Canada. She did not really know what  
Monahan was going to do with her personal information such as pay stubs, social insurance  
Page: 55  
number, employment letter and other documents. She received a call from Monahan who told  
her to phone the Park Law Office to make an appointment. She did that and went and signed  
documents at the office. She had spoken to a female on the telephone to make the appointment.  
She went to her appointment with her two children and a third child. Once at the lawyer’s office,  
she was put in a conference room and told by the lawyer where to sign to buy the property, and  
the papers were flipped over and she signed some sale documents. She stated that she asked  
Scott Park if this was legal, and he said, “If it wasn’t, I wouldn’t be involved.” She stated that  
she may have been in the conference room for about 10 minutes, and that Scott Park never asked  
her anything and that she never asked him anything. Jayne Sluchinski stated that Scott Park  
never asked her for money.  
[287] The first property purchased was in Camrose (Exhibit 4). Jayne Sluchinski did not know  
anything about this property, nor did she recall how many documents she signed on that  
occasion. She denied that the signature on the Mortgage Application and Statement of Disclosure  
(Exhibit 4, pps. 144 and 147) was hers. With respect to a Statutory Declaration (Exhibit 4, p.  
163), she did not recall any discussion with Scott Park about the conditions. Without prompting,  
she then specifically stated that she did not discuss certain clauses that were contained in the  
Statutory Declaration.  
[288] The second property purchased was also located in Camrose (Exhibit 6). Again, she knew  
nothing about this property and never signed any documents in regard to this property. The  
Power of Attorney to Monahan was a forgery. Jayne Sluchinski stated that if she ever gave a  
Power of Attorney, it would be to her sister or her mom because they were people she could  
trust. She stated that Monahan completely betrayed her and that she forged her signature on the  
Power of Attorney when she was in the hospital in Rockyview, the psychiatric unit, from August  
30 to approximately September 14, 2001. She believed that her sister told Monahan that she was  
in the hospital.  
[289] Although Jayne Sluchinski denied granting the Power of Attorney to Monahan, it is of  
note that one of the follow-up documents required by the Bank of Montreal was an Affidavit  
from Jayne Sluchinski relative to alimony payments (Exhibit 6, p. 141). At p. 142 is an Affidavit,  
which appears to be sworn by Jayne Sluchinski on September 25, 2001, after she would have  
been discharged from the hospital, which states that she does not pay any support or alimony  
payments to her husband Richard Sluchinski. The first paragraph of the Jayne Sluchinski  
Affidavit states: “I am the mortgagor in a mortgage dated the 11th day of September, 2001, in  
favor of the Bank of Montreal.”  
[290] It should be further noted that Jayne Sluchinski was sued by the Bank of Montreal and  
served with foreclosure documents in relation to Exhibit 6, and stated that the action against her  
may still be ongoing.  
[291] Jayne Sluchinski denied being told what to say or to lie to Scott Park.  
Page: 56  
[292] On cross-examination, Jayne Sluchinski stated that she was only going to be a temporary  
buyer and seller, and that was the deal. She was a temporary purchaser inserted in the middle to  
help this guy get financing. Monahan explained that there was a loophole. Jayne Sluchinski  
stated that it seemed odd to her, but that she trusted her friends.  
[293] In both direct examination and cross-examination, Jayne Sluchinski stated that Scott Park  
never explained any document to her or went over any document with her, and that she simply  
signed. However, she acknowledged that Scott Park must have gone over the Dower Affidavit  
(Exhibit 4, p. 57) because her initials appear on the Dower Affidavit, striking out the words “I  
am not married.” Jayne Sluchinski stated, “He found that one. He went through that one.” She  
then further stated that Scott Park did not go over any other document. After completion of the  
cross-examination and without being prompted, Jayne Sluchinski stated that in relation to the  
Dower Affidavit, she believed that she read that document and that she is the one that caught the  
error.  
[294] I found Jayne Sluchinski to be less than forthcoming. In relation to her signatures, it  
would appear that her acknowledgment of her signature on documents depended on which  
document it was. Her explanation that the arrangement seemed odd is contrary to her own  
statements that she trusted her friends, and, in fact, at the very first meeting gave them all the  
information required to obtain mortgages in her name. With regard to Exhibit 6 and the  
allegation that the Power of Attorney is forged, this may have more to do with the ongoing  
lawsuit than with telling the truth. I find Jayne Sluchinski’s evidence to be unreliable and tainted.  
Beverly Haugh  
[295] Beverly Haugh is presently 48 years old and has been an Information Officer with the  
Government of Alberta for approximately 30 years. Since 1991 her employment has involved  
answering the public’s questions on legislation or laws. She developed a friendship with one of  
her co-workers for approximately a year or two, Elizabeth Holloway, who did the same work.  
Elizabeth Holloway knew that she was struggling financially, and as a result told her that she  
could have houses in her name and that she would get $1,000 for it. Beverly Haugh stated that  
when she was first told of this scheme, she said “no” but later changed her mind. She would get  
$1,000 to get a mortgage which would then be assumed right away. If the mortgage was not  
assumed, she would just sell the property. She was still not satisfied, and, as a result, phoned a  
realtor at random and asked a question regarding the assumption of mortgages and was told that  
the information provided by Elizabeth Holloway was correct. She therefore went ahead with  
getting mortgages.  
[296] Beverly Haugh knew that she would be filling out some papers, but that the mortgage  
payments would be done by somebody else behind the scene. Elizabeth Holloway gave her some  
paper work to fill out including a loan application, and provided her income, her debts, social  
insurance number, filling in that information herself by hand. She never asked Elizabeth  
Holloway why the purchase and obtaining of the mortgages were being done the way they were.  
Page: 57  
After filling out the paper work, Elizabeth Holloway stated that they had to go to a lawyer. In  
relation to the seven properties purchased, Beverly Haugh never contributed any money to any  
of them nor had any interest in living in them. She received $1,000 on five different occasions, in  
cash, from either Monahan or Elizabeth Holloway.  
[297] Beverly Haugh believed that on the first transaction she went to Scott Park’s office on  
October 30, 2001 and signed documents before him (Exhibit 13). She remembered asking Scott  
Park if everything was okay before she signed the documents, and he said “yes.” There was also  
a Power of Attorney to be signed by her so that the property could be sold so that she would not  
have to come back to sign at a later date. She did not recall any conversations occurring between  
Scott Park and herself; it was simply pointed out to her where to sign and she did. She was still  
concerned about the obtaining of these mortgages, and told this to Scott Park. Scott Park told her  
that he did these all the time. She did not recall swearing any document under oath. The meeting  
with Scott Park lasted about 20 minutes.  
[298] After the first deal signed with Scott Park, most of the later documents and deals were  
signed with Bindon. She never discussed any of the documents with Bindon, except the last one.  
At first, she would get money directly from Monahan or Elizabeth Holloway to make the  
mortgage payments, but later on the mortgage payments were made with monies directly  
deposited into her account.  
[299] Beverly Haugh did not know anything about the second purchase (Exhibit 15) which was  
done by way of a Power of Attorney granted to Monahan. However, Beverly Haugh  
acknowledged that the transfer of the property in July of 2002 was signed by her. It should be  
noted that the Power of Attorney (Exhibit 15 at p. 32) clearly states that the Power of Attorney to  
Monahan is for the purchase of the property as noted in Exhibit 15. It is also noted that the date  
for signing of the Power of Attorney is October 13, 2001, which is on the same date as the  
purchase.  
[300] Beverly Haugh knew nothing about the deal concerning Exhibit 21, but she may have  
signed the papers before Bindon at City Hall. She signed the mortgage documents, and the  
mortgage payments came out of her account. She gave Monahan her bank account number and  
transit number. She signed the transfer of this property to a numbered company in July of 2002.  
[301] Beverly Haugh identified her signature on the Affidavit of Transferee in relation to  
Exhibit 25. She did not recall signing these documents with Scott Park but she went to Scott  
Park’s office to see him in the fall of 2002 when she got served with a demand by First Marathon  
Mortgage Corporation because she wanted to know what was going on. The meeting with Scott  
Park was brief, and she does not remember how it concluded. She was asked by Elizabeth  
Holloway to provide her with an updated credit application, which she did.  
[302] The next two purchases are contained in Exhibit 63. In relation to both transactions,  
Bindon witnessed the signatures, including the mortgages signed by Beverly Haugh.  
Page: 58  
[303] With respect to the last property (Exhibit 35), Beverly Haugh was told by Elizabeth  
Holloway and then by Bindon that this would be a CMHC-insured mortgage. They told her that  
if she paid the mortgage payments for one year, there would be no problem. She remembered  
signing the mortgage documentation with Bindon at City Hall. She admitted the exchange of e-  
mails between herself and Monahan as contained in Exhibit 118. On the e-mail dated January 25,  
2005 to her lawyer in relation to the foreclosure action she stated the following: “Then prior to  
signing off the mortgage and CMHC papers I queried Kelly, the lawyer’s secretary about what  
this CMHC insurance meant and she advised it would only be effective for one year to ensure the  
payments were made.” Beverly Haugh was sued by the Bank of Montreal in relation to this  
purchase and she consented to a Foreclosure Order but there was still an action pending against  
her regarding the shortfall on the mortgage. This is confirmed in both Exhibit 1 at pp. 699 to 703  
and in Exhibit 35 at pp. 43 to 45 where at para. 10 of the Foreclosure Order it states: “And it is  
further ordered that the plaintiff’s application for judgment against the defendant is adjourned  
sine die.”  
[304] At the end of her direct examination, Beverly Haugh again repeated that on October 30,  
2001 she asked Scott Park if everything was okay, and he said yes.  
[305] Beverly Haugh denied being told what to say or to lie to Scott Park.  
[306] Beverly Haugh stated that she never received any reporting from Scott Park. However,  
Exhibit 21, p. 117 is a reporting letter addressed to Beverly Haugh at the address of the property  
being purchased by her. Beverly Haugh further testified that she never dealt with any of the  
mortgage brokers. Yet the mortgage application prepared by David Humeniuk, as evidenced in  
Exhibit 25, p. 45, states, “I asked about the missed payments in the past, she said she used to  
have family problems and that caused the missed payments.”  
[307] In cross-examination, Beverly Haugh stated that she provided a taped interview to the  
police on April 12, 2004, and told the police that her question to Scott Park was, “Is this fine?”  
Her best recollection at the time was that Scott Park only said “Yes.” Beverly Haugh was shown  
Exhibit 118, being a written statement which she provided to the Edmonton Police Service on  
December 3, 2003, containing six pages, which she confirmed she made to Constable Hayduk.  
The Witness Statement does not state that it was Scott Park who said that it was fine, but Bindon.  
At p. 1 of 6, Beverly Haugh stated the following: “I was assured by Kelly that this was fine and  
all legal.”  
[308] Beverly Haugh stated in cross-examination that she had a second visit with Scott Park at  
his office not to sign documents but relating to the First Marathon requests. She further stated  
that she had gone to see Scott Park to ask him a question. However, she agreed that at the  
Preliminary Inquiry, under oath, when asked if there had been a second meeting with Scott Park  
her answer was, “I don’t recollect.” In her Witness Statement (Exhibit 118) regarding the First  
Marathon demand, she stated that she immediately called Monahan and Elizabeth Holloway. At  
p. 4 of 6, she stated, “I believe ‘they’ contacted the lawyer’s office and spoke with either Scott  
Park or Bindon regarding this. I was then called by Kelly to sign a new set of transfer documents  
Page: 59  
as apparently the original set was lost. The foreclosure papers were given to Kelly at that time...”  
It should be noted that although the Witness Statement was entered as a full exhibit in this trial,  
and confirmed by Beverly Haugh as her statement, she was not questioned on the contents of the  
statement by either the Crown or defence.  
[309] In cross-examination, Beverly Haugh agreed that when she was first approached by  
Elizabeth Holloway to get involved in this scheme, she refused because it sounded too good to  
be true. She did not think to ask questions why she needed to be part of the scheme, nor did it  
occur to her that the bank would not approve the mortgages to her if they knew that they were  
not for her. When asked whether Scott Park went over the documents or whether she had read  
them, she again stated that he never did, and then qualified her answer with, “not to my  
recollection.” However, she agreed that at the Preliminary Inquiry on February 5, 2007, that in  
answer to a question whether she remembered reading the documents, her response was that  
Scott Park basically summarized what each document was for. When she was questioned  
whether Scott Park would have told her that the document she was signing was a mortgage and  
that there would be mortgage payments and other requirements, she responded that she was  
fairly sure he did not say this. She then went on to add that Scott Park never said that the  
mortgage was security for a piece of land.  
[310] I found that Beverly Haugh’s testimony lacked sincerity, was unreliable and not truthful.  
Her testimony regarding phoning a realtor instead of a lawyer, that it never occurred to her that  
lenders would not approve the mortgages if they knew what was going on, never bothering to ask  
why she was needed as part of the scheme, in light of the extensive e-mails to Monahan as noted  
in Exhibit 118 and her actual employment (being to explain the laws to the public), lack any ring  
of truth or sincerity.  
[311] I further found certain evidence of Beverly Haugh to be unreliable and untruthful in light  
of the apparent contradictions between her statements to the police, her Preliminary Inquiry  
testimony, and her trial testimony, such as her statement that the question on the first meeting  
with Scott Park was to him and that he had responded “yes”, in relation to an alleged second  
meeting with Scott Park to discuss the First Marathon mortgage demand, and the issue of Scott  
Park not reviewing any of the documents with her.  
Michael Albert  
[312] Michael Albert is presently 32 years old and grew up next door to Kahlon’s cousin Suchi  
Kahlon. Michael Albert was discussing financial difficulties with his neighbour who said he had  
a cousin involved with houses. Approximately two weeks later Michael Albert met with Kahlon  
who told him that a property would be put into his name, that he would have to see a lawyer, and  
that he would get paid some money for this. He was told that he would just have to have the  
mortgage payments go into his account, which would be covered by Kahlon. He would receive  
$500 per property. Michael Albert stated he thought this was great, getting free money.  
Page: 60  
[313] Michael Albert remembered meeting with Scott Park at his office to sign papers in  
relation to Exhibit 11. He remembered the date. Scott Park briefly went over what was on the  
papers and he signed. There was a brief explanation provided by Scott Park, but he did not go  
over each document word by word. Michael Albert did not remember if there was a discussion of  
cash with Scott Park. He confirmed his signature on various documents but not others. He  
indicated that he was not paying attention to what he was signing, and that he just wanted the  
money. He acknowledged that it was his signature on a conflict letter and also on a pre-  
authorized debit checking account form. He went to Scott Park’s law office a second time and  
saw Bindon in relation to the sale of this property. Several months after the first meeting with  
Scott Park, he signed documents with Bindon or Mr. Judge’s office to transfer the property out  
of his name.  
[314] Michael Albert got a call from Kahlon that he was to go to Bindon or the Judge Law  
Office in relation to Exhibit 17. The documentation shows that Bindon was the witness to his  
various signatures. In relation to this property, he received $500 from Kahlon. He was served  
with a statement for foreclosure, and as a result, called Kahlon. He was told by Kahlon not to  
worry about it and that he would take care of it. Kahlon told him that he would give him $500 for  
every person he brought to him to buy properties like he had done. He introduced Steven Young  
to Kahlon.  
[315] Michael Albert denied being told what to say or to lie to Scott Park.  
[316] In cross-examination, Michael Albert acknowledged that he had the opportunity to read  
the documents before he signed them with Scott Park if he had wanted, but he did not want to do  
so. He further acknowledged that Scott Park may have explained the contents of the document,  
including the obligations under a mortgage. Michael Albert stated that Scott Park would do a lot  
of talking and he would do a lot of nodding. He further stated that things explained to him by  
Scott Park were not important to him because Kahlon was going to take care of things. He  
further stated that, again, some signatures were his and some were not. Michael Albert did not  
remember if he was asked about a down payment or gave Scott Park any money. He understood  
from Kahlon that he would be providing the 25% down payment.  
[317] Although he came across as an honest witness, Michael Albert’s evidence is unreliable.  
He did not seem to know what he may have been told or explained, and did not care. His  
apparent lack of recall does not assist one way or the other in determining what went on.  
Royston Frederick  
[318] Royston Frederick is 37 years old and employed with the City of Edmonton. He knew  
Rashid from his high school days. Rashid told him that he was getting into real estate and took  
him to a property on the north side of Edmonton where there were renovations going on.  
Royston Frederick stated that he was approached to help Rashid with the real estate, and asked if  
it was legitimate and legal and was told that “everything was cool.” Rashid told him that he  
Page: 61  
could only hold a certain number of properties in his name and that all he would have to do was  
sign documents and that mortgage documents would be prepared. The property would only be in  
Royston Frederick’s name for three months. Rashid would make all of the mortgage payments  
and Royston Frederick would not have to pay any money or be responsible at all for the  
properties. Rashid had him fill out some initial documents, and Royston Frederick would have  
given him an employment letter, pay stubs and a void cheque. They went to Scott Park’s law  
office. He told Rashid to stay in the room because he would be more comfortable. Royston  
Frederick stated that he got stumped on almost every question that was asked of him by Scott  
Park, and would have to turn to Rashid for the answers. He received a call from Bindon at a later  
date and met her at City Hall to sign documents to take the second property out of his name.  
Royston Frederick got served with bank documents, but did not really know what was going on.  
Royston Frederick was one of the Defendants sued in the Statement of Claim by the Bank of  
Montreal (Exhibit 1).  
[319] In relation to Exhibit 14, Royston Frederick had no idea how the fair market value was  
arrived at or how the mortgage was obtained. This is a property which was sold to him by one of  
Pervez’s companies. He could not remember the amount of the mortgage, the mortgage  
payments, and even if he did know, it was not important to him at the time. Scott Park might  
have asked him how the mortgage payments were going to be made. He never received a gift of  
$25,000 from anybody, and never intended to reside in the property. It is possible that Scott Park  
told him that he was acting for the seller and the buyer and the bank, but he cannot recall. He set  
up a separate account at the TD Bank because he did not want the mortgage payments to go  
through his own account.  
[320] Royston Frederick was not aware of a Scott Park trust cheque, dated November 30, 2001,  
in the sum of $24,000, reference number 30432. The records (Exhibit 14) show that the trust  
cheque was deposited into Royston Frederick’s TD Bank account and the money was withdrawn  
the same day. The reference to 30432 corresponds with the trust ledger for Pervez properties as  
contained in Exhibit 109.  
[321] Royston Frederick stated that he did not provide any cash and has no idea how the  
Exhibit 16 purchase occurred. All he cared about in relation to the properties was whether it  
affected his credit rating. Royston Frederick paid no cash towards the Exhibit 19 purchase, did  
not know anything about this property, and never received anything from the sale of the  
properties. He did not know how the documents came to be signed by him, but “anything was  
possible.”  
[322] Rashid also asked him if he knew of others who could help him and he provided his  
girlfriend’s name, Natasha Lindberg. The documents contained in Exhibit 157, at p. 671 (chart)  
and following, show that Natasha Lindberg purchased and mortgaged a property on April 29,  
2003. The documentation contained in Exhibit 157, in relation to this transaction, show that the  
lawyer was Pops Venkatraman. Royston Frederick believed he was involved in another  
purchase, and Exhibit 157, p. 307 (chart) shows a purchase and mortgage by him on November  
27, 2002. The documentation shows that Bindon witnessed the vendor’s signature and  
Page: 62  
commissioned Royston Frederick’s Affidavit of Transferee. She also witnessed the mortgage  
signed by Royston Frederick. Bindon witnessed his signature on the sale of this property and the  
Affidavit of Transferee of the buyer was sworn before Pops Venkatraman.  
[323] Royston Frederick denied being told what to say or to lie to Scott Park.  
[324] In cross-examination, Royston Frederick stated he dealt a lot with Bindon. She would  
call him and say that she had some documents for him to sign. It was possible that Scott Park  
told him that he would have to make the mortgage payments, pay property taxes, keep fire  
insurance, keep the property in good condition, and advise the mortgage company if the property  
burnt down. At the time of these transactions he was going through some stressful times. He was  
going through a divorce and was also diagnosed with depression. The depression caused memory  
lapses. He did not know for sure if Rashid was present on each of the occasions that he would  
have seen Scott Park. He wanted Rashid present with him so that he could basically translate the  
legal documents. He was going to help Rashid and Rashid would pick the properties and the  
prices and would be responsible for all the obligations regarding the property.  
[325] Royston Frederick agreed that it was likely that Scott Park explained the documents to  
him when he was signing them, and if he had been asked anything, he would have looked over to  
Rashid to determine the answer. He does not remember exactly what happened five or six years  
ago. Because of the depression he was often on autopilot and things happening around him  
would not necessarily register. He could not say when he was not in an autopilot state of mind.  
[326] I found Royston Frederick to be candid, but, as a result, his evidence is unreliable. It is  
unreliable because of his admissions that he was having trouble remembering what occurred five  
or six years ago and could not state whether he would have been in an autopilot state of mind or  
not.  
Anne Chiasson  
[327] Anne Chiasson is a teacher in Edmonton. In spring 2002 one of Anne Chiasson’s best  
friends, Gisele Lemire, approached her to help two of her friends, Caroca and Brito, who were in  
the real estate business. She was told that she would buy a house from Caroca and Brito and they  
would get some money, build up their real estate, and after three months, would sell the property  
after it had been renovated or rented. The mortgage payments would be made by Caroca and  
Brito. The payments would come out of her account, but she would be given money to cover the  
mortgage payments. For doing this, Anne Chiasson would get $3,000 cash.  
[328] Anne Chiasson stated that Caroca and Brito had two companies: Alliance and  
Homesteader. She provided information at their request, including a cheque, pay stubs, T4,  
RRSPs, an employment letter and bank information. Caroca and Brito told her not to say too  
much because people would panic. The first deal (Exhibit 161, p. 123 (chart)) occurred at the  
end of June 2002, and because Anne Chiasson was going to spend the summer in New  
Brunswick, she gave a Power of Attorney to her friend Gisele Lemire. She signed a Power of  
Page: 63  
Attorney with Scott Park who explained what she was signing. In the spring of 2003 Bindon  
came to Anne Chiasson’s house to sign documents to sell this house.  
[329] Anne Chiasson was again approached about buying a second house (Exhibit 26) and went  
along because it was appealing to her to get another $3,000 cash. It was to be the same as the  
first transaction. Scott Park came with Brito to her house on a Saturday morning to sign the  
documents. She believed that Scott Park came to her house to accommodate her because she had  
a 3-year-old son at the time. Scott Park explained some of the paragraphs in the mortgage and  
she then signed. He would have explained to her the mortgage, and that she was buying a house.  
Caroca and Brito told her to say to Scott Park that she would stay in the property if he asked, and  
say that she stayed on the property one night but then changed her mind. Later in her direct  
examination, she stated that she was not told by Caroca or Brito what to say or not to say to Scott  
Park.  
[330] Anne Chiasson was approached to buy a third property (Exhibit 161, p. 385 (chart)) and  
she agreed. She was again going to New Brunswick for the summer, and signed a Power of  
Attorney to another friend. Scott Park was not involved in this transaction; the lawyer appears to  
have been Pops Venkatraman. Around the time of the second and third purchases, Anne  
Chiasson lent $20,000 to $30,000 to Caroca and Brito but has never been repaid this money. By  
January 2004 she was trying to obtain the value on one of the properties after her bankruptcy.  
She was told by Caroca and Brito to lie to the bank’s evaluator. Anne Chiasson never put any  
cash into any of the purchases.  
[331] In relation to the first transaction, First National Mortgage obtained a final order for  
foreclosure against her and there is a deficiency judgment against her in the amount of  
$63,789.09 (Exhibit 161, pps. 188 and 189, at para. 8). There is an order for foreclosure on the  
second house and a deficiency judgment entered against her for $34,331.45 (Exhibit 26, pp. 44-  
49 at para. 10). In relation to the last property, the Bank of Montreal foreclosed and sued her for  
approximately $100,000. There is an order confirming sale and the application of the Bank of  
Montreal for judgment against her has been adjourned sine die (Exhibit 161, p. 471, at para. 11).  
Anne Chiasson filed for bankruptcy in February 2004.  
[332] In cross-examination, Anne Chiasson agreed that when signing the documents in her  
house with Scott Park, he would have reviewed the documents or particular sections of the  
documents. She likely would have sworn some of the documents which stated that as far as the  
public was concerned, that it was her name going on title and the mortgage payments would be  
coming out of her account.  
[333] Although Anne Chiasson’s evidence must be carefully scrutinized as a result of her  
involvement in getting paid to obtain mortgages and the outstanding judgments against her, I  
found her evidence to be credible. Where she has appeared to contradict herself about whether or  
not she was told by Caroca or Brito to lie to Scott Park in response to questions regarding  
occupancy, I am satisfied that she was told to lie to Scott Park if the need arose. This is  
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consistent with her testimony that Caroca and Brito told her to keep it quiet, and also told her to  
lie to the Bank’s evaluator.  
Keith Rayner  
[334] Keith Rayner is presently 53 years old and a welder. One of Keith Rayner’s co-workers,  
Louie Luzio, introduced him to his nephew, Brito. Keith Rayner was told that Brito was into  
buying, fixing and selling property. It was suggested that his credit be used to hold property for  
three months and then sell it. Keith Rayner met with Brito, Caroca and Louie Luzio at a  
restaurant downtown. He was told that he would get $5,000 and that the house would be sold in  
three months. He did not recall providing any documents in order to obtain a mortgage, but that  
he might have. He was taken to Scott Park’s office to sign papers for a mortgage. He recalled  
Scott Park saying something to the effect that he wanted to buy a house. Keith Rayner stated that  
his response was, “I guess so.” He stated that Scott Park showed him where to sign, and he  
signed maybe four or five papers. The meeting took approximately 45 minutes. Keith Rayner  
stated that he was asked no questions by Scott Park. However, he later stated that Scott Park  
asked if he was going to live in the property.  
[335] In relation to Exhibit 27, Keith Rayner agreed that he was probably told about the  
mortgage at the time but he did not recall it now. The property was to be renovated and sold in  
three months. Bindon came to his house with Brito to sign documents. The Affidavit of  
Transferee of Keith Rayner (Exhibit 27 at p. 24) is sworn before Scott Park, and Scott Park  
witnessed the mortgage (p. 32). Although Keith Rayner knew he was signing a mortgage, he had  
no idea how the mortgage was obtained. While he was at Scott Park’s office, somebody said, and  
he believes it must have been Scott Park, “Are you going to live in the house?” He said he was  
not going to be living in the house and that Brito said it was just a formality.  
[336] Keith Rayner met with Bindon when she went to his house to get his name off the title  
and to purchase a second property, and he signed the documents before Bindon. Exhibit 161  
shows a purchase and mortgage by Keith Rayner on December 21, 2002, where Bindon  
commissioned his signature on the Affidavit of Transferee and witnessed his signature on a  
mortgage.  
[337] Keith Rayner received two payments of $5,000 for each transaction. He was never told  
by Brito to lie to anybody or what to say. However, after he told Brito that he had spoken to the  
police, Brito told him not to say that he had been given $5,000.  
[338] In cross-examination, Keith Rayner acknowledged that he knew that his credit rating was  
being used and that every time he bought a house, a mortgage would be placed on it and he  
would be the primary person responsible for the mortgage payments. He confirmed that the  
meeting with Scott Park lasted at least a half-hour to three-quarters of an hour, but did not know  
how many documents or how many copies he signed. He did not know how the conversation  
came up concerning whether he was going to be living on the property. He did not have time to  
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read anything, but he specifically remembered very clearly stating that he was not going to be  
living on the property. Keith Rayner further acknowledged that Scott Park may have said that he  
had to pay the property taxes.  
[339] I found Keith Rayner to be very defensive and argumentative. I also found that he was  
trying to minimize his involvement and was evasive. He very often prefaced his answers by  
saying something may have been said or something may have been done. Further, his apparent  
lack of memory as to how the mortgage was obtained is not supported by the evidence. Exhibit  
27 shows that he would have provided a letter from his employer (p. 91) which he stated may  
have been given to Brito. His pay stubs are attached as shown at p. 92, and with respect to his T4  
and Notice of Assessment (p. 93), Keith Rayner stated he did not know what he provided to  
Brito but eventually said he understood that the documents would be used by the bank. He  
further acknowledged that he may have provided a Bank of Montreal tax receipt for a $25,000  
RRSP as proof of down payment (p. 89), and stated that he may have provided this to Brito. As a  
result, Keith Rayner’s evidence is not trustworthy and cannot be relied upon as it relates to his  
apparent lack of knowledge of what was going on.  
Faycal Khalil  
[340] Faycal Khalil was working at a hair salon in 2002. One of his customers, Kahlon, told  
him that he was involved in real estate and buying, renovating and then selling houses  
approximately three months later. Kahlon asked if he could help him by getting a mortgage in his  
name because he had too many houses in his name and could not buy any more houses. Faycal  
Khalil was to get a house into his name and Kahlon would take care of the rest. He agreed to do  
this because he trusted Kahlon, and this would help him in getting a better credit rating. Faycal  
Khalil received $1,000 cash from Kahlon as a thank you for purchasing the house. Sometime  
later Kahlon came over and they filled out a paper and Faycal Khalil provided information  
regarding employment, social insurance number, assets and liabilities. He later received a call  
from Kahlon to go to the lawyer’s office, and he went to Scott Park’s office to sign papers. Scott  
Park went through the documents and explained the mortgage payments. The documents related  
to purchase of a house in Winnipeg (Exhibit 174, March 25, 2002). The Bank of Montreal started  
taking the mortgage payments out of his account and Kahlon deposited the money for the  
payments into his account, although he was late with some of the deposits. At some point, Faycal  
Khalil received a letter from the Bank of Montreal and later declared bankruptcy.  
[341] Faycal Khalil got involved with Kahlon again for the purchase of a house in Edmonton  
(Exhibit 31). He was told that it would be similar to what occurred in respect to the Winnipeg  
property. He went to the Scott Park Law Office by himself and dealt with Bindon. Scott Park  
was not there when he signed the documents with Bindon. Sometime in August 2003 he received  
a telephone call from Kahlon stating that the house had burned down and there had been  
insurance but it got cancelled and, as a result, there was no insurance. Faycal Khalil did not  
know anything about this property. He stated that the signature on the Affidavit of Transferee  
was not his (Exhibit 31, p. 16). He further stated that he did not believe that the signature on the  
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mortgage was his (Exhibit 31, p. 24). He further testified that it is not his signature on almost all  
of the documents that were put before him. Faycal Khalil was sued by Bridgewater Financial in  
relation to Exhibit 31. A deficiency judgment was entered against him in excess of $89,000  
(Exhibit 31, pp. 40 to 45). He declared bankruptcy because of the judgment against him by  
Bridgewater Financial and the Winnipeg property.  
[342] Faycal Khalil stated that he never told anyone that he was going to live in the property.  
He denied being told what to say or to lie to Scott Park.  
[343] In cross-examination, he agreed that at the Preliminary Inquiry on January 18, 2007 he  
had stated that the signature on the mortgage was his. He then stated at trial that the most he  
could say today was that he was not sure if it was his signature. He acknowledged that he gave a  
statement to the police in 2003 (Exhibit “B” for Identification) and identified his signature on the  
first page but denied that the signature on the second page was his. After being shown the entire  
two pages of the statement made to the police, and not only the signature portion, he then stated  
that maybe the signature on the second page was his. In regard to the Affidavit of Transferee  
(Exhibit 31, p. 16), Faycal Khalil answered, “Yup!” to the statement to him, “You know  
perfectly well that is your signature.” A few minutes later on questions in redirect, Faycal Khalil  
stated that he still did not think that the signature on the Affidavit of Transferee was his.  
[344] In further cross-examination, Faycal Khalil stated that he only went once to the lawyer’s  
office regarding the Edmonton property. However, in the statement given to the police, he stated  
in January 2003 that he went to see Kelly and signed a lot of papers and did the same with Scott.  
He stated that what he told the police officer was wrong because he was nervous. He then  
appeared to try to justify the comment that he signed a lot of papers with Scott Park by saying  
that he was talking about the first property and not the one in Edmonton.  
[345] Faycal Khalil stated that he was still being sued by Bridgewater Financial, but that there  
were no other actions against him, specifically by the Bank of Montreal. However, after being  
shown a copy of a filed Statement of Claim by the Bank of Montreal, as plaintiff, and himself, as  
one of the defendants, he agreed that he had received a copy of the Statement of Claim.  
[346] The testimony of Faycal Khalil lacks credibility, and in some instances is simply not  
credible at all. It would appear that his lack of recognizing his signature has more to do with the  
pending lawsuit against him by the Bank of Montreal claiming fraud than being truthful.  
Pinky Sailopal  
[347] Pinky Sailopal is currently 26 years old. She dated Kahlon from 1999 until their  
relationship ended in approximately 2002. She understood that Kahlon would buy houses and  
renovate them. She knew this because they would go look at houses and would see the  
renovations, and from her time at Home Placement Systems, where she worked for Pervez for  
approximately one month in 2000. Kahlon and Pervez were friends. Kahlon told her that houses  
Page: 67  
would be put in her name and then would be put into somebody else’s name. Nothing was  
explained to her, except that the property would be out of her name in one month. She recalled  
signing documents at the office of Jorginder Kandola, and that she had been driven there by  
Pervez.  
[348] Pinky Sailopal was introduced to Monahan when she went to Harjit Judge’s office. She  
knew that Monahan was with Supreme Insurance, and also signed documents with Monahan a  
few times. She identified her signature on a Power of Attorney granted to Monahan.  
[349] Pinky Sailopal knew Bindon as a secretary who worked in Scott Park’s office. She met  
Bindon a few times at dinners with Pervez. She believed that she went to Scott Park’s office  
once, and may have met him once. She could not remember if she had signed documents with a  
male or a female at Scott Park’s office.  
[350] Pinky Sailopal purchased a property on March 9, 2001 (Exhibit 104). The  
documentation shows that the lawyers involved were Jorginder Kandola and Pops Venkatraman.  
There is no notation of any involvement by Scott Park.  
[351] She purchased property from Pervez’s company on December 6, 2001 by way of a Power  
of Attorney to Monahan (Exhibit 103). The Affidavit of Transferee when Pervez’s company  
purchased the property was sworn before Bindon. Bindon witnessed the sale document (p. 22) to  
Pinky Sailopal. The Affidavit of Transferee of Pinky Sailopal by way of her Power of Attorney  
was sworn before Bindon (p. 23). Bindon witnessed the mortgage and Dower Affidavit (pp. 28  
and 29). When Pinky Sailopal sold the property, Monahan witnessed her signature (p. 38).  
Again, there is no indication of any involvement by Scott Park.  
[352] I found Pinky Sailopel to be a credible witness. She was not able to provide many details  
as to what went on, but she did not appear to be attempting to minimize or excuse her  
involvement.  
Mina Khoshnavaz  
[353] Mina Khoshnavaz is currently 25 years old and employed at the City of Edmonton. In  
2001 she was employed at Walmart. She met Kahlon through one of her co-workers, Pinky  
Sailopal. Pinky Sailopal and Mina Khoshnavaz were discussing money problems and Pinky  
Sailopal said that Kahlon had a system whereby you would get $400 to $500 to have a house in  
your name for a maximum of two months and you did not have to do anything for it. As a result,  
Mina Khoshnavaz provided her social insurance number. A week or two after this discussion,  
Kahlon picked Mina Khoshnavaz up and took her, she believed, to the Royal Bank in  
Millwoods. In 2001 her bank was the CIBC. Mina Khoshnavaz recalled dealing with somebody  
at the bank and signing some papers.  
Page: 68  
[354] Kahlon had her meet with his lawyer, a lady by the name of Kelly, at a coffee shop  
downtown, and Kelly put documents in front of her. She did remember what she was told, and  
they never discussed the contents of the documents. Mina Khoshnavaz stated that she later got  
$400 or $500 cash from Kahlon. She had no further involvement with this property except when  
she got served with papers stating that she was being sued by the lender.  
[355] Exhibit 32 contains the purchase of a property by Mina Khoshnavaz and she identified  
her signature on the Affidavit of Transferee but did not specifically recall signing the document.  
She signed the documents that were prepared by other people and did not take the time to read  
them nor did she care about the contents. She only signed documents with Kelly, and did not  
know Scott Park. The transfer of land from herself to Lex Notitia (Scott Park’s company) was  
signed at the request of Bindon.  
[356] A review of Exhibit 32 confirms the evidence of Mina Khoshnavaz that Scott Park had  
no involvement in the purchase, save and except what appears to be his signature on one  
document. Bindon witnessed the vendor’s signature (Pervez’s company) (p. 13), commissioned  
the Affidavit of Transferee sworn by Mina Khoshnavaz (p. 14) and witnessed the mortgage  
signed by Mina Khoshnavaz (p. 22). On the real estate purchase contract (pp. 89 and 90 of  
Exhibit 32), where Pervez is the seller and Mina Khoshnavaz the buyer, the buyer’s lawyer is  
shown as Scott Park. However, the lawyer’s phone number and faxes have been identified by  
Bindon as her own phone number and Pervez’s fax number. A letter on Scott Park’s letterhead  
dated February 7, 2003 (Exhibit 32, p. 107) states that there are sufficient monies being held in  
trust for the credit of Mina Khoshnavaz to close the transaction and that the funds were a gift  
from her cousin. Of note is that the letter is not signed by Scott Park but by Bindon. There is also  
a direct communication between Bindon and a bank or lender employee (p. 110) confirming  
information about Mina Khoshnavaz not having any cheques. There is another letter on Scott  
Park letterhead signed by Bindon (at p. 119), which is a reporting letter to the TD Bank  
enclosing the mortgage commitment and other documentation. The only apparent signature of  
Scott Park appears on a document (p. 129, Exhibit 32) entitled “Additional Information,” which  
is dated one day after the mortgage had been funded.  
[357] As with the previous witness, I found Mina Khoshnavaz to be a credible witness.  
However, she was able to provide few details relevant to the charges.  
Lyle Petty  
[358] Lyle Petty is 48 years old. He is an electrician presently employed in Saskatchewan as a  
provincial manager. His common-law spouse is Marie Kapeller, and Bindon is his sister. He was  
approached by Bindon around Christmas 2002, and told that with a little bit of sweat equity, that  
there could be a really good deal to be made. He understood at the time that Bindon had started  
working out of her home, and still worked for different lawyers.  
Page: 69  
[359] Lyle Petty discussed the property which is the subject of Exhibit 33 with Bindon. At the  
time, Bindon had a boyfriend by the name of Pervez. Bindon told him that Pervez was a real  
estate guru who owned 60 houses. He was aware that Bindon was involved in a few properties of  
her own, holding title to probably three properties. Bindon was approaching everybody in his  
family to buy property from Pervez. Bindon told him that the house would need some repairs,  
but there would be enough money in the mortgage to do it and sweat equity would be required.  
There would be no need for a down payment because Pervez would create cash. This raised a red  
flag for Lyle Petty, but Bindon said it was a grey area but because it was with a lawyer’s office,  
it was okay. He provided a letter of employment, pay stubs and a void cheque to Pervez and  
Bindon to allow the granting of a mortgage on the property.  
[360] Lyle Petty looked at three properties with Bindon and Pervez. He chose the property  
contained in Exhibit 33 because it was a little bit bigger and on a double lot. He went into the  
house and Pervez’s employees were working in the house, fixing and cleaning it, laying some  
laminate flooring and cleaning the basement. He was aware that the property belonged to Pervez.  
They discussed a value of around $120,000. After selecting the property, Lyle Petty met with  
Bindon approximately a week later to sign the paperwork at a south side Mercedes dealership.  
He signed documents, including mortgage papers, where told to by Bindon and she told him that  
everything was in place and that the documents would be sent to the Land Titles Office. There  
was no discussion with her as to who would be responsible for fire insurance and property taxes,  
but he understood that he would be responsible for these things. Lyle Petty knew the difference  
between a conventional and high ratio mortgage and knew that the mortgage he was signing was  
a high ratio mortgage. He believed that the value of the property, $130,000, was a fair market  
value because at that time houses in Edmonton were selling for approximately $200,000. He  
never provided a deposit of $3,000. When he was discussing purchasing this property with  
Bindon, he told her that he was going to live in the property because of the distance he had to  
travel from Bluffton to his work in Sherwood Park or Edmonton. However, once the deal was  
done he changed his mind because he wanted to keep the family together in Bluffton. He was  
told by Pervez that it was too late, and that renters would have to be found for the property. Lyle  
Petty did not talk to any lawyers or bankers at any time in relation to this purchase. He does not  
know Scott Park.  
[361] A cheque from Pervez in the amount of $22,635 was deposited into Lyle Petty’s bank  
account on February 20, 2003 (Exhibit 33, p. 163). He believed that Bindon deposited these  
monies into his account. Pervez told him that this was money to finish fixing the house, and  
“some money to go into his jeans.” Pervez said that the mortgage would be “juiced up some”.  
Exhibit 109, the trust ledger for Pervez, has a line entry description at p. 29: “Payment, L. Petty,  
February 20/03, 22,635,” cheque number 1356. It should be noted that although Lyle Petty stated  
this was a cheque from Pervez, the cheque has not been entered into evidence.  
[362] The foreclosure action against Lyle Petty resulted in him being sued for approximately  
$82,000. A filed Order for Sale (Exhibit 33, pp. 46 to 49) shows the property sold for $60,000.  
The original amount of the high ratio mortgage was just over $128,000.  
Page: 70  
[363] Lyle Petty also stated that he convinced his common-law spouse, Marie Kapeller, to buy  
two properties. He went to the first house (Exhibit 34) and put in 200 to 300 hours of repairs and  
labour work. He believed that the lawyer with respect to the second property (Exhibit 43) was  
Terry Ellis.  
[364] In cross-examination, Lyle Petty stated that he absolutely put his faith in Bindon and  
knew that he would be bound by what he was signing. He was aware that part of the package that  
he was signing was to the effect that Bindon and Pervez would be responsible for looking after  
things such as a lawyer, surveyor and appraiser if this was required.  
[365] It is of note that the letter to Land Titles dated February 20, 2003 (Exhibit 33, p. 17)  
directing the registration of the transfer and mortgage is signed by Bindon as is the reporting  
letter to the Toronto-Dominion Bank, dated February 19, 2003 (Exhibit 33, p. 85). The only  
document which might bear the signature of Scott Park is contained on a document to the TD  
Bank dated February 20, 2003 providing additional information (Exhibit 33, p. 101). The  
document is a pre-printed form from the lender, which states that it is provided to the lender  
from Scott Park, Scorgie Law Office, and at the bottom there is a place for signature and above  
the signature it says solicitor. The signature is not printed and the signature on the document  
does not look like the other identified signatures of Scott Park.  
[366] I found Lyle Petty to be forthright and credible and find that his testimony is reliable.  
Marie Kapeller  
[367] Marie Kapeller is 44 years old. She is the common-law spouse of Lyle Petty and sister-  
in-law to Bindon. She does not know and has never met Scott Park. She met Pervez, who was  
involved with Bindon. Bindon told her that she could buy a couple of properties, flip them and  
make some money. At some stage, Bindon contacted her, she believed, because she had some  
reservations about the deals. Bindon said it was all legal and that she would not lead her astray,  
and that there was a grey area but it was all on the up-and-up. Bindon told her that she would do  
everything she could to help her out. Marie Kapeller had reservations about receiving money for  
not really doing anything. She met with Bindon and Pervez in relation to a property (Exhibit 34),  
and asked to see the property that she was purchasing. She was taken there by Tony. She  
believed the property was not bad as a rental property, but that it required some repairs. She  
decided to buy the property and Bindon told her that she would help her in the process for the  
purchase and, as a result, she provided her record of employment, pay stubs and all the  
documentation required to obtain a mortgage. Marie Kapeller signed the transfer and mortgage  
documents at Bindon’s parents’ house before Bindon. She received a copy of the documents at a  
later date. She did some repairs to this property after the purchase. She knew that she would have  
to make the mortgage payments, either from the sale of the property or through renters.  
[368] A deposit of $25,235 was made into Marie Kapeller’s bank account on February 20, 2003  
(Exhibit 34). Marie Kapeller thought this money came from Bindon, and she knew that after the  
Page: 71  
purchase there would be some money coming to her. She believed that the money was to help  
her with mortgage payments, to fix the house, and other things, but did not know what exactly.  
The trust ledger (Exhibit 109, p. 128) shows a payment of $25,235 to Marie Kapeller on  
February 20, 2003. The ledger line appears to indicate that the cheque number for this payment  
was 1354. Exhibit 34, p. 46, shows a bank draft from the lender payable to the firm of Scorgie  
Park in the sum of $126,185, and that amount is recorded on the trust ledger (Exhibit 109, p. 28),  
also on February 20, 2003.  
[369] It should be noted that the letter to Land Titles to register the transfer and mortgage for  
Marie Kapeller is signed by Bindon (Exhibit 34, p. 11). Bindon witnessed the vendor’s signature  
(Pervez and a numbered company), commissioned the Affidavit of Transferee sworn by Marie  
Kapeller, witnessed the mortgage signed by Marie Kapeller, and signed the reporting letter to the  
lender (Exhibit 34, p. 49). The additional information pre-printed form appears to be signed on  
February 21, 2003, and resembles the signature of Scott Park as seen on other documents  
(Exhibit 34, p. 65).  
[370] The next property was purchased in November of 2003 (Exhibit 43). It was suggested to  
Marie Kapeller that this purchase occur to help her because she was having a lot of difficulties  
making her van loan payments. Marie Kapeller again provided her employment letter, pay stubs,  
and other documentation to Bindon or Pervez. Either Pervez or Bindon said that they would take  
care of the loan on the van. Marie Kapeller indicated that she saw the property and there were  
renters in the property and some of the renovations had been done. Marie Kapeller saw Terry  
Ellis at the law firm on the south side where she signed papers. Marie Kapeller’s Affidavit of  
Transferee was sworn before Terry Ellis, who also witnessed her mortgage (Exhibit 43). The  
lawyer on the purchase was Pops Venkatraman. Of note is a Direction to Pay, addressed to the  
lender care of Pops Venkatraman and signed by Marie Kapeller and which provides in para. e)  
that “cash to close be payable to Scott Park” (Exhibit 43, p. 52). Also of note is a Statutory  
Declaration sworn by Marie Kapeller before Terry Ellis which states that the property will be  
Marie Kapeller’s primary residence and that there is no secondary financing (Exhibit 43, p. 53).  
[371] On November 10, 2003 a payment of $30,000 was made to Marie Kapeller (cheque  
number 1744 - trust ledger Exhibit 109, p. 43). Marie Kapeller’s banking documentation shows  
that a deposit of $33,750 was made to her account on November 10, 2003. On the same day a  
$29,649.98 payment was made on the van loan which corresponds with the payout statement for  
the van loan .  
[372] Marie Kapeller acknowledged she knew, when she was signing the various documents  
for the purchases, that she would be getting a house and that there would be a mortgage on it.  
[373] Although Marie Kapeller clearly knew that what she was doing was not entirely above  
board, I found her evidence to be generally forthright and credible.  
Derek Duncombe  
Page: 72  
[374] Sometime in 2003 Derek Duncombe’s friend Jeff introduced him to Ken. After reviewing  
a photo lineup, he indicated that Ken was most likely actually Kahlon. Kahlon stated to him that  
he would put a mortgage in his name and Derek Duncombe would sell it back to him in three or  
four months. For this, he would receive $1,000. The second time that Derek Duncombe met with  
Kahlon he provided him with pay stubs, T4 slips and a void personalized cheque. Derek  
Duncombe stated that he believed he was buying the house from Kahlon, and that he would be  
transferring it back to Kahlon - slipping in and out, with a renovation. Bindon alone came to his  
place of employment in relation to the first purchase in March of 2003 (Exhibit 36), and he  
signed the documents before her. At first he had concerns, but he talked to different people and  
went through with it, but in the back of his mind he thought there must have been some lying  
going on to the bank. He has never met Scott Park.  
[375] For this first transaction, Derek Duncombe received a cheque for $48,000 from Kahlon to  
pay off his line of credit. The cheque “re: Duncombe - credit line payout,” dated March 14, 2003  
and payable to the CIBC/Derek Duncombe (Exhibit 36, p. 160) was drawn on the Scott Park  
trust account. The remaining financial statements and documentation (Exhibit 36, pp. 159 and  
218) show a cheque was deposited into Derek Duncombe’s account and on the same day there  
was a withdrawal of $43,642. In April 2003, two cheques for $40,424 and $4,236 were made  
from Derek Duncombe to Tony Kahlon.  
[376] The lender required the solicitor to hold back $48,000 in relation to the secured CIBC  
line of credit (Exhibit 36, p. 147). Although the line of credit limit was $48,000, there was only  
approximately $4,000 owing on the line of credit at the time. Derek Duncombe knew the line of  
credit would have to come off, and Kahlon gave him the cheque for $48,000, and when the house  
was to be sold, he would return the $48,000 to Kahlon. This property was later sold and Derek  
Duncombe went to a law firm on the south side, at approximately 34th Avenue, and met an older  
white lady. He received $1,000 from Kahlon.  
[377] The next purchase was in April 2008 (Exhibit 39). Derek Duncombe again met with  
Bindon at his place of employment to sign the documents. This was similar to the first  
transaction and Kahlon would put money into his account to cover the mortgage payments. He  
received $1,000 from Kahlon for this transaction.  
[378] Derek Duncombe did not contribute any cash or deposits in relation to either purchase.  
[379] Although Derek Duncombe was forthright in admitting that he knew, in the back of his  
mind, that there was lying going on to the bank, his evidence must be weighed carefully in light  
of this admission.  
Steven Young  
[380] Steven Young is 36 years old and was a co-worker of Michael Albert. This is his  
evidence.  
Page: 73  
[381] Michael Albert told Steven Young that he had a friend, Kahlon, who was involved in real  
estate. Steven Young met with Kahlon to talk about real estate, and was advised by Kahlon that  
he had a partner named Carmen. A few days later, Steven Young gave Kahlon his personal  
history for a credit check, including T4 stubs and social insurance number. Sometime in the  
spring of 2003, Steven Young went with Michael Albert to Kahlon’s place of business, Home  
Placement Systems. There, Kahlon wrote out Steven Young’s work history. A week later Steven  
Young was told that his credit was good, and he would be signing mortgage papers. Sometime  
later Steven Young met a lady named Kelly and a lawyer named Scott. There were a lot of  
papers but he never asked any questions; he trusted Kahlon wholeheartedly.  
[382] The first property purchased by Steven Young was in Manitoba (Exhibit 171). The  
second property is contained in Exhibit 37. Steven Young was going to rent out this property,  
and Kahlon was going to set up everything. Kahlon was going to pay for it. The mortgage  
payments were going to come out of Steven Young’s Alberta Treasury Branch account. He made  
the mortgage payments from loans and withdrawals from his RRSP. He never received any  
money from any other source to cover the mortgage payments except from loans or RRSPs. He  
was going to get a renter with Kahlon’s help and charge $100 per month more than the monthly  
mortgage payments, and that would enable him to keep $100 for himself. The lender, MCAP,  
foreclosed on the property.  
[383] With respect to the next purchase (Exhibit 38), Steven Young figured two properties  
were better than one. He made the mortgage payments in relation to this mortgage. Steven  
Young believed he was buying this property from Kahlon and Kahlon was going to pick up the  
legal fees. Steven Young stated that he did not make any deposit or appraisal or property tax  
payments; however, he believed that he met with Bindon near the Capilano area and gave her  
$3,300 to cover the property taxes. Bindon gave him a makeshift receipt on an envelope. He also  
met Pervez and Scott Park in a black SUV to sign some documents. Pervez was the driver and  
Scott Park was the passenger.  
[384] Steven Young denied being told what to say or to lie to Scott Park.  
[385] Steven Young did not know who David Gorn was.  
[386] In cross-examination, Steven Young confirmed that he knew he would need a lawyer to  
buy the houses. He knew Kahlon would do credit checks and arrange for the financing. He  
expected Kahlon to pay the legal fees and to look after the lawyer. Scott Park might have gone  
over the documents that he was signing. There was some explanation, but he could not recall the  
details of the explanations. He listened to Scott Park, but a lot of the “legal stuff” was over his  
head. His memory of the event was a little spotty because it was six years ago. Scott Park gave  
him the opportunity to review the documents. In the end, he wanted a house and he got a house,  
and he knew that there would be mortgage payments that he would have to make.  
Page: 74  
[387] In relation to meeting Pervez and Scott Park in a black SUV, Steven Young agreed that at  
the Preliminary Inquiry on January 22, 2007 he told the Court that he could not remember who  
was in the SUV, later clarifying that he believed it was Scott Park. In further cross-examination,  
Steven Young stated that he only signed documents in the back of an SUV on one occasion. He  
agreed that the document he may have signed in the back of an SUV was an amendment to a  
purchase contract (Exhibit 38, p. 97). It should be noted that the witness to this document is not  
Scott Park.  
[388] Although Steven Young acknowledged the MCAP Service Corporation foreclosure  
action in direct examination, a review of the documentation at Exhibit 37 reveals more detail.  
The Order for Sale to the Plaintiff (Exhibit 37, pp. 66 to 69, para. 3) provides for judgment  
against Steven Young and a numbered company for any deficiency on the mortgage. The  
original amount of the mortgage was in excess of $128,000, and the property was eventually sold  
by MCAP Service Corporation on June 10, 2006 for $70,000. Since this mortgage was amortized  
over 25 years at an interest rate in excess of 5% per year, it is safe to assume that the deficiency  
judgment against Steven Young would be substantial having regard to the original amount of the  
mortgage of in excess of $128,000 and only $70,000 being realized on the sale by the lender.  
There are no documents before the Court to confirm the amount still owing on the mortgage at  
the time of the sale in 2006 by the lender for $70,000.  
[389] Steven Young’s evidence is unreliable because he stated and acknowledged that some  
explanations were given to him by Scott Park, but he cannot recall details of any of the  
explanations. Further, he confirmed that his memory of the events is spotty.  
Robbie Madan  
[390] Robbie Madan is a computer analyst consultant for the Government of Alberta. He knew  
Suchi Kahlon (a friend of a friend) who introduced him to his cousin Kahlon around March  
2003. Kahlon told him how he bought and renovated houses, but he could not have too many  
houses in his name and needed somebody to hold houses while he renovated them. A few weeks  
later Robbie Madan met Kahlon who asked him to fill out a short form with first name, last  
name, date of birth, but Robbie Madan did not recall the contents of the document. The next time  
he met with Kahlon was to go with him to his bank. They met at his bank and Kahlon asked him  
to deposit a cheque for $8,000 into his account. After making the deposit, Robbie Madan  
obtained a bank draft for $8,000, and upon the instructions of Kahlon, made it payable to Scott  
Park. He gave the bank draft to Tony Kahlon. Robbie Madan later met with Kahlon at the  
lawyer’s office Venkatraman Purewal and a woman came and asked him to sign one or two  
documents and nothing was explained to him. Later in the summer, Robbie Madan attempted to  
contact Kahlon because he did not want to hold the property anymore and wanted to get his own  
property. When he finally reached him, Kahlon gave him $1,000 for all the hassle.  
Page: 75  
[391] In relation to the property for which Robbie Madan took out a mortgage (Exhibit 40), he  
stated he knew nothing about the property or even the mortgage on the property. Robbie Madan  
did not think that any of the signatures on any of the documents were his.  
[392] Although the evidence which is pertinent to the charge of conspiracy against Scott Park  
has to do with the deposit of the $8,000 draft to his trust account when he was not acting for  
Robbie Madan, his evidence remains suspect. It should be noted, first, that the documentation  
(Exhibit 40) provides that Robbie Madan did more than simply provide his name and birthday to  
Kahlon. At pp. 119 and 120 of Exhibit 40 are respectively an employment letter for Robbie  
Madan from the Legislative Assembly of Alberta and also a payroll pay stub. Further, although  
Robbie Madan was not questioned regarding any outstanding lawsuits, the documentation and  
evidence indicate that he very well could have a judgment outstanding against him at this time  
from the mortgage lender. The mortgage documentation contained in Exhibit 40 and the  
evidence of the mortgage broker, Alison Rice, confirm that this mortgage was a high ratio  
mortgage. The total amount of the mortgage was $126,160. The mortgage lender MCAP  
foreclosed on this property and the value was shown as $90,000 on April 30, 2004. There  
appears to have been a shortfall between the mortgage amount and whatever amount may have  
been paid down and the value of the land, being an outstanding balance of approximately  
$36,000. The property was purchased from Robbie Madan by Twyla Larson in December 2003,  
at which time the principal balance due was over $126,000 (Statement of Account from MCAP  
Services at p. 166, Exhibit 40).  
Jawad Choudhary  
[393] Jawad Choudhary is presently 33 years old and employed with the City of Edmonton. In  
2003, he was approached by Adil Quadri and Faisal Quadri, who told him that they were starting  
a new business in real estate by buying, renovating and then selling property. They told him  
there was a rule whereby they could not have more than two properties in their name at the same  
time. He would keep the title to the property in his name and they would make the mortgage  
payments, although the mortgage payments would go through his account. Jawad Choudhary  
provided to Adil Quadri a letter of employment, void cheques, and pay stubs. Adil Quadri got all  
the documents done and Jawad Choudhary signed them. Jawad Choudhary would get $1,000 for  
helping them out.  
[394] With respect to Exhibit 41, Jawad Choudhary put no cash into the property, and he  
signed documents at a lawyer’s office on the south side, he believed with a lady. He was told by  
Adil Quadri that if he was asked whether he was going to be living in the property, that he was to  
say “yes”. He stated that in fact did happen. He agreed on cross-examination that this is not what  
he had told the police at first, but stated that he eventually came clean. Jawad Choudhary does  
not know and has never met Scott Park.  
[395] Adil Quadri told him that his bank account would have to show a deposit. Once the  
deposit was made, the money would be taken out and given back to Adil Quadri. Exhibit 41, p.  
Page: 76  
119 shows a trust cheque dated July 2, 2003 on the account of Scott Park in the sum of $7,500  
payable to Jawad Choudhary and deposited into the bank account of Jawad Choudhary on July 3,  
2003. On July 4, 2003 a cheque in the sum of $7,500 is made payable to Adil Quadri or his  
corporation. Jawad Choudhary received $1,000 for a second property (Exhibit 41(b)).  
[396] In cross-examination, Jawad Choudhary stated that he knew that fundamentally what he  
was doing was to keep the names of Adil Quadri and Faisal Quadri out of it, and he agreed it was  
not a very honest type of scheme. He had misgivings about creating a bank statement on two  
occasions to show that it had a balance when really it did not.  
[397] There was a second female present when he was at the Venkatraman law firm and met  
with Terry Ellis. After being shown an Affidavit of Execution contained in Exhibit 41, Jawad  
Choudhary stated that he recalled that the name of the second lady that he met at that office on  
July 10, 2003 was Kelly.  
[398] It should be noted that a direct Rice Order (Exhibit 41, pp. 55 to 60, para. 8) provides that  
a deficiency judgment against Jawad Choudhary was made for $47,618.23.  
[399] Even though Jawad Choudhary knew what he was doing was wrong and still went ahead,  
I found him to be generally forthright and he did not attempt to minimize his involvement.  
Scott Park Recruits?  
Tony Germsheid  
[400] Tony Germsheid is presently 38 years old and is a salesman and designer with Kitchen  
Craft. He has known Scott Park since he was approximately 15 years old, from their junior  
curling days. He hired Scott Park as his lawyer in relation to some real estate transactions. He  
told Scott Park that he was looking at some real estate investments. Scott Park told him that he  
knew a guy who had some investment properties and referred him to a realtor. He cannot  
remember who it was, but believes it was somebody at Re/Max.  
[401] Tony Germsheid stated on numerous occasions in relation to property purchased in 2003  
(Exhibit 156), that he did not remember many of the details. He was not sure where the down  
payment came from or other details regarding the purchase. The purchase was for an investment,  
and there would be renovations and possibly renting and then selling the property at a profit. He  
asked Shane Park and Lawrence Weber to look after the collecting of rent and making some  
minor repairs to the property. He did not remember the exact purchase price or how much he  
sold the property for. His mother gave him some cash, as a gift, for the down payment. There is a  
gift letter (Exhibit 156) in the sum of $9,000 bearing the logo and name The Mortgage Centre,  
being the company of mortgage broker, Alison Rice. The gift letter dated April 28, 2003 is from  
Tony Germsheid’s mother Bonnie Germsheid for the stated purpose of the purchase of 11927 -  
97 Street. A second gift letter (Exhibit C for Identification) was a note dated June 5, 2003,  
Page: 77  
stating, “I Bonnie Germsheid am giving my son Tony Germsheid $5,500 for his new house,”  
with the document bearing the apparent signature of Bonnie Germsheid.  
[402] In addition, there is trust cheque (Exhibit 156, p. 132) from Scott Park’s trust account  
dated April 28, 2003, payable to Tony Germsheid, in the sum of $6,500. Mr. Germsheid  
explained that this was likely money lent to him by Scott Park to either buy a car or to pay some  
bills, and that these types of loans had occurred in the past. Mr. Germsheid did not know where a  
cheque for $6,500 payable out of his own account went to. Also entered as part of Exhibit 156 at  
p.133 is a Government of Canada cheque payable to Tony Germsheid, dated April 23, 2003, in  
the amount of $5,041.44.  
[403] In cross-examination, Mr. Germsheid was shown an Offer to Sell and Purchase (Exhibit  
176) showing Tony Germsheid as the vendor and a Mr. Gaudry as the purchaser. The format of  
the Offer to Sell and Purchase is not the same as the residential real estate purchase contracts  
forms produced by the Realty Board used by Pervez or his associates in the fraudulent  
transactions. Mr. Germsheid was also shown a Credit Application (Exhibit 177) and he  
confirmed that the writing on the Credit Application was his own handwriting and signature.  
Attached to this original Credit Application were original Notice of Assessment income tax  
documents and original pay stubs.  
[404] I found Tony Germsheid to be evasive and lacking credibility. He invariably answered  
questions by stating that he did not recall or “I think” or similar qualifying terms. I have no idea  
when Tony Germsheid may have been telling the truth or lying.  
Kerry Novac  
[405] Kerry Novac is currently 40 years old. She is the ex-wife of Scott Park’s brother Kerry  
Park. She began living with Kerry Park in 1994, married him in September 2003, separated  
around February 2004 and they eventually divorced in 2005. Before and after the marriage they  
lived together in a house which they owned jointly in the Millwoods area. During the years that  
she was with Kerry Park she did a lot of accounting service work through her consulting  
company, including books for Scott Park’s Professional Corporation from around 1999 to the fall  
of 2004. She was aware that Scott Park had a holding company called Lex Notitia. He also had a  
trust account for the law firm. She never did see the books for these accounts except as it related  
to cheques from those two accounts, to or from the Scott Park Professional Corporation. She  
believed that Lex Notitia owned approximately 13 houses in 2002 and that the purpose of the  
company was for buying houses and that the houses would then “go through” the company. Scott  
Park Professional Corporation owed Lex Notitia $10,000.  
[406] Kerry Park tried to give her a property in the divorce settlement (Exhibit 30). In late  
spring 2002 Scott Park approached her and Kerry Park, and stated that he needed $5,000 for an  
investment. The house would go into Kerry Park’s name, he would renovate the property and  
then it would be sold at a profit at a later date. Scott Park would arrange the mortgage which  
would be in the name of Kerry Park. The mortgage payments would come out of Kerry Park’s  
Page: 78  
bank account, and Scott Park would bring the cash every month to make the mortgage payments.  
The expenses for the renovations would be paid by Scott Park’s Professional Corporation. Scott  
Park asked Kerry Park for $5,000 for the down payment. Neither Kerry Novac nor Kerry Park  
had $5,000 at the time. Kerry Novac knew that the house was located somewhere in the  
northeast area of Edmonton (Coliseum area), because houses there were cheaper.  
[407] Kerry Park was very good at doing renovations and had many skills and Kerry Novac  
was excited because there may be extra money coming into the household. However, Kerry  
Novac did not get involved because it sounded too good to be true; it just sounded too easy. She  
told Scott Park that she was not interested but Kerry Park continued with the transaction. Kerry  
Novac saw the property that was purchased (Exhibit 30) when Kerry Park was doing renovations  
on it. Kerry Novac identified the handwriting and the signature on the mortgage application  
documents as that of Kerry Park ((Exhibit 30, p. 85 and p. 94). She confirmed that the  
information regarding the assets and liabilities on the credit application and mortgage application  
is all true.  
[408] In cross-examination, Kerry Novac agreed that during her relationship with Kerry Park,  
she was the one making most of the money and working hard. She was upset that Kerry Park  
would work during the summer but then curl and receive EI during the winter. They had  
discussions or arguments, and she believed that Kerry Park should start his own company  
because of his skills in many areas of house building including landscaping, concrete work, stone  
work, electrical, drywall, decks and painting. In August 2002 she and Kerry Park separated for a  
couple of days and, as a result, Kerry Novac called off the wedding. She denied that things were  
going downhill by 2002, but stated that she just wanted Kerry Park to be a better person. She  
agreed that she told the police in September of 2005 that she had learned that Scott Park’s  
company Lex Notitia had 13 properties during the divorce proceedings. She added that what she  
had told the police was incorrect.  
[409] Kerry Novac agreed that by the fall of 2002 there was a lot going on. Specifically, in  
November 2002 the Park brothers made it to the Olympic curling trials in Brandon, Manitoba  
and in December 2002, Kerry Park went to play in a tournament, the Skins games, in Ontario. In  
January 2003, it is likely that Kerry Park went to another curling tournament. Kerry Novac  
agreed that it was likely that there were major winnings in 2002, to the extent of approximately  
$110,000. She went on to state that she was not sure what the take-home pay would be, maybe  
approximately $1,000 a weekend.  
[410] Despite some errors in her information provided to the police, I found Kerry Novac to be  
forthright and credible and I accept her evidence. Her evidence regarding Scott Park’s proposal  
loosely resembles the Pervez scheme. There are, however, two significant differences: he  
requested $5,000 for the down payment, and the renovations were to be performed after the  
purchase, and not prior to it.  
Gregory Coates  
Page: 79  
[411] Gregory Coates is a 39-year-old taxi driver in Whitecourt, Alberta.  
[412] Gregory Coates has known Scott Park since approximately 1996. They are good friends  
through curling, and Gregory Coates lived in Scott Park’s house for a short period when he  
moved back from Whitecourt in approximately 2004. Gregory Coates was part of a curling  
clique at the curling club with Scott Park, Shane Park, Kerry Park, Tony Germsheid, Jim  
Buchholz and Murray Nettles.  
[413] Gregory Coates lived in a small apartment from 1996 onwards. In approximately 2002,  
his curling friends, including Scott Park, tried to convince him to move out of his small  
apartment and into a house as they were concerned for his well being. In 2002 to 2003 he began  
to talk to Scott Park about getting into real estate. Scott Park introduced him to Pervez.  
Throughout his dealings, Gregory Coates knew that the houses that he was buying were houses  
that belonged to Pervez. He understood that the houses would be his, and that Scott Park would  
be his property manager. Scott Park would look after the houses and Gregory Coates would hold  
the titles. He expected Scott Park, as property manager, to collect the rents, do the repairs, find  
renters, and do all things necessary in relation to the houses. In relation to all of the houses, there  
was always a possibility of him living in the houses.  
[414] When he bought his first house from Pervez, there would be some perks in it for him,  
being money; this was the carrot at the end. The incentive for him would be that he could make  
some money by putting a mortgage into his name. If the mortgage was a CMHC mortgage, he  
would get $5,000. If it was conventional, he would get less than $5,000. The $5,000 would be  
paid after the mortgage was registered. He received these payments from Scott Park. Gregory  
Coates did not put any money into any of the properties, nor did any of the lawyers he dealt with  
ask him for money, including Robert Burgener and Pops Venkatraman. At some stage Scott Park  
got angry at him and told him that he had loose lips when he would say things in public such as,  
“I got $5,000.” However, he further stated that he was not told or given any instructions by Scott  
Park on what to do or what to say to anybody.  
[415] The first property purchased by Gregory Coates is evidenced in Exhibit 159, p. 377 (the  
chart), containing Land Title documents. Gregory Coates stated that this property is very fuzzy.  
In order to get this mortgage he went to a little kiosk bank, he guessed it was at Extra Foods or a  
Safeway in Millwoods. He met with a bank representative and signed some papers. When it was  
time to buy a house, he provided Scott Park with information such as a letter of employment, his  
T4s and pay stubs. The Land Titles documents show the property was purchased on October 28,  
2002 for $127,000. The mortgage was a CMHC mortgage, shown as registered on October 28,  
2002 in the amount of $125,174. Gregory Coates stated that in relation to this property, Scott  
Park told him that, “Guess what? You have to live there for three months, but the bank never  
checks.” This property was subsequently sold in November 2002 to Gohar Pervez with a sale  
price shown as $1. Gregory Coates did not know why this transfer occurred.  
[416] Scott Park told Gregory Coates that the mortgage for the next property (Exhibit 28),  
purchased on January 13, 2003, was a conventional mortgage. He remembered Scott Park asking  
Page: 80  
him whether he wanted to do this transaction, and that Scott Park showed him the house.  
Gregory Coates signed the documents with a lawyer, Robert Burgener, and Scott Park was there  
to guide him through these things. Gregory Coates never received a gift of $40,000 from  
anybody. This was going to be a revenue property for him, and he did not have to live in this  
house. It was up to Scott Park to do what he wanted to do. Gregory Coates put his name on this  
property to get another house, but was not expecting to make a profit. The property was sold to  
Success Endeavours. Gregory Coates was not aware how the mortgage back to him was  
arranged. He received post-dated cheques for awhile from Success Endeavours in the amount of  
$72 per month, but these cheques stopped during the summer of 2005.  
[417] The next house was purchased by Gregory Coates on January 20, 2003 (Exhibit 29).  
Gregory Coates believed that Scott Park showed him this house before he bought it. He knew  
that he was buying this house from Pervez. Gregory Coates never lived in it. The mortgage  
payments were going to be made by Scott Park for him. Gregory Coates identified his  
handwriting on the credit application (Exhibit 29, p. 58) but he never received any gift of $7,000  
or provided any down payment. Either Pervez or Scott Park told him that the carrot was bigger if  
it was a CMHC mortgage; that is, that he would get $5,000, but that it would be less for a  
conventional mortgage. He remembers the $5,000 cheque as being a carrot for taking out the  
mortgage. When shown a trust cheque of $5,000 (Exhibit 178, p. 1) from Scott Park to Gregory  
Coates dated January 17, 2003, Gregory Coates stated that this was a carrot for taking out the  
mortgage. It should be noted that the transaction in Exhibit 29 was not registered at Land Titles  
until January 20, 2003.  
[418] The next property was purchased by Gregory Coates (Exhibit 42) on August 30, 2003.  
Gregory Coates again knew this house belonged to Pervez and was shown this house by either  
Scott Park or Pervez. Gregory Coates believed that the fair market value of $120,000 shown on  
the Affidavit of Transferee was in the ball park for that neighbourhood. The documentation to  
purchase this property was signed at the Pops Venkatraman office. Gregory Coates was just  
happy to get rid of the property and was not worried about the price. He never received $4,000  
from the sale or payments of $179 per month. He was not aware of a mortgage granted to the  
buyers of that property by Scott Park’s company Lex Notitia in the sum of $4,000. Gregory  
Coates stated that there was “resistance” to him doing this transaction.  
[419] Gregory Coates stated that Scott Park would give him a cheque and that he would make a  
deposit into his account to cover the mortgage payments. Scott Park looked after “all the stuff,”  
including expenses.  
[420] At some point, Gregory Coates asked Scott Park to sell the properties for him. It was his  
strategy to get rid of the Resmor Trust property (Exhibit 42) and the TD property (Exhibit 28),  
but not the Bank of Montreal Property (Exhibit 29). There was a lawsuit by the Bank of  
Montreal in relation to the latter property, and Scott Park was angry because he did not think he  
should have been involved. Gregory Coates was served with papers by the Bank of Montreal at a  
later date but had seen the same documents on Scott Park’s table in his house. Scott Park stopped  
making the payments on the Bank of Montreal mortgage (Exhibit 29), sometime in 2005, and he  
Page: 81  
continued to make the payments until the property was sold in 2007. After the sale of the  
property, the proceeds were held and are still being held, by the lawyer who acted for him on the  
sale. Sometime in 2005 the police spoke to Gregory Park’s father and he contacted Scott Park.  
Scott Park told him that this was something that he would have to talk to his lawyer about. Scott  
Park told him that it was probably not in his best interest not to meet with the police.  
[421] Scott Park was Gregory Coates’ lawyer in relation to a motor vehicle accident in which  
he was the plaintiff. He believed that the value of the settlement may have been $7,000, but he  
cannot recall how he got paid this amount. He lent some money to Scott Park from his  
grandfather’s inheritance, which he believed to be $4,000, and was repaid this sum by Scott Park  
from his curling account. He believed that this happened after two of the properties were sold,  
and that his grandfather had died in January 2005. Exhibit 178 at p. 25 shows a cheque from  
Scott Park general account payable to Gregory Coates, in the sum of $5,000 and dated February  
4, 2005, with the reference being “Loan Repayment.”  
[422] Gregory Coates stated that he was shown some pictures by the police and that they were  
trying to trick him in relation to identifying Pervez.  
[423] In cross-examination, Gregory Coates agreed that Scott Park may have lent him $3,000 to  
pay his Visa bills stating, “Yes, it rings a bell”. Gregory Coates further agreed that by 2002 he  
had already been in his apartment for approximately eight years. He confirmed that Scott Park  
and others, including Pat McCallum, Jim Buchholz and other persons from the curling club, were  
all suggesting that he get into real estate instead of renting all his life. Some of his friends also  
were concerned that he was spending too much time in his apartment.  
[424] Further, in cross-examination, Gregory Coates stated that he came to an agreement with  
Pervez regarding the property contained in Exhibit 28, that once the title was transferred, he  
would get the property renovated and that Pervez would make sure that the mortgage payments  
were made. Gregory Coates stated that this property was going to be a revenue property. Scott  
Park declined to do the deal for him and directed him to another lawyer. Scott Park was involved  
in a major criminal trial at the time and Gregory Coates was not surprised that he referred him to  
Robert Burgener.  
[425] Although Pervez was supposed to look after the property, it was not long after that Scott  
Park had to take over and began collecting the rents for him and making the deposits and he  
would receive cheques from Scott Park. Scott Park made sure that the lenders got paid on time.  
Gregory Coates believed that Scott Park would sacrifice his own money to cover the mortgage  
payments and then would pay himself back later.  
[426] In cross-examination, Gregory Coates agreed that he got a vendor-backed financing  
mortgage from Success Endeavours and that the payments that he was receiving stopped when  
Scott Park was arrested. Scott Park told him that he would have to get the mortgage payments  
himself. He felt that Scott Park should have taken care of this and he never did bother to try to  
collect the outstanding mortgage payments after that.  
Page: 82  
[427] With respect to the property as evidenced in Exhibit 159, Gregory Coates agreed that the  
Land Titles documentation signed by him shows that the mortgage holder was First Marathon  
Mortgage Corporation, but that he told the police in 2005 that the mortgage application was for  
the Bank of Montreal. He agreed that what he told the police in 2005 about what had happened  
in 2002 was a mistake.  
[428] Gregory Coates agreed in cross-examination that he always had the opportunity to live in  
the house referred to in Exhibit 29. In fact, he told the police in 2005 that he intended to live in  
that house, but he ended up not living in it. He eventually decided to sell the property, but never  
took steps to do so. However, when shown a 2-page document identified as a Listing Agreement  
(Exhibit 179), he agreed that it was his signature and also his initials on the document. He did  
not remember meeting with Uncle Nicky in relation to this listing but remembered Scott Park  
mentioning his name. Gregory Coates repeated that he was the owner of this property from the  
time he took title to it. There was reluctance by Scott Park regarding the sale of the property,  
being the high ratio Bank of Montreal mortgage. Scott Park said something to the effect that the  
Bank of Montreal could be kept at bay so long as the mortgage payments were being made and  
there was no default. He agreed that Scott Park would have said something to the effect that even  
if the mortgage is assumed, this would not necessarily prevent a lawsuit.  
[429] With respect to most of the properties, Gregory Coates, Scott Park and others went out  
and cleaned the properties after renting a truck. The property was extremely dirty, including  
rotten meat in the freezer. Gregory Coates’ friends Gary and Ken were also around and may have  
done some painting on the house. If anything needed to be done, he would tell Scott Park and  
Scott Park would get it done. He knew that Scott Park was always going to the Restore to get  
items.  
[430] Scott Park quite often told him that he wanted him to take a more active role in his own  
houses. Gregory Coates remembered Scott Park doing a lot of stuff at his houses, including  
picking branches and shovelling snow. Gregory Coates recalled two other individuals helped  
clean the property referred to in Exhibit 42 when asked if he recalled getting into an argument  
with Josh, which he agreed. He further agreed in relation to the sale of this property that a $2,000  
deposit from the purchasers Gosslin and Boucher could have gone to Ken and Gary who had  
helped clean the property and also find the buyers. He further agreed that the vendor-backed  
financing to Lex Notitia could have been because Scott Park had never been paid anything for  
his management work.  
[431] In direct examination and cross-examination, Gregory Coates stated that he had gone to  
Pervez’s office with Scott Park. When asked whether he had remembered telling the police in the  
statement in 2005 (p. 19) that he had never gone into Carmen’s office, his response was “No.”  
Gregory Coates then stated that he went there once but he did not go inside. He then added that  
he guessed that his memory was better now than in 2005, but that is all he recalled.  
Page: 83  
[432] Further, Gregory Coates agreed in relation to the $5,000 cheque dated January 17, 2003  
(Exhibit 178, p. 1), that he sort of remembered the payment for taking out the mortgage. This  
may have been a rebate from Pervez because the renovations had not been completed. The  
cheque in the amount of $1,022.21 dated February 27, 2003 (Exhibit 178, p. 2) was possibly for  
a mortgage payment as shown as a reference. Gregory Coates stated that a cheque in the sum of  
$744.47 dated April 1st, 2003 looked like a rent payment to him from Al Warmington. Gregory  
Coates did not know whether cheques for $700 and $744.47 (Exhibit 178, pp. 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9),  
were for rent or for a rent-to-own. Gregory Coates agreed with the assumption that the cheque in  
the amount of $1,353 from Lex Notitia (Exhibit 178, pp. 10 and 11) represented rents collected  
or to be collected.  
[433] Gregory Coates agreed that he was the owner of all of these four properties by law, and  
that he was taking the benefits and expenses from the properties, including getting an income tax  
refund in 2003 and 2004 as a result of including them in his Income Tax Returns prepared by H  
& R Block in Whitecourt, Alberta. Gregory Coates stated that he obtained from Scott Park the  
information that he needed to complete his Income Tax Returns. He rented the properties to get  
income, declared them, and paid the taxes and was the primary person to pay the mortgage  
payments. He could have lived in the properties if he had chosen to. If there were any profits to  
be taken from these properties, they were his.  
[434] Very shortly after the confirmation by Gregory Coates in cross-examination that he was  
the owner of the properties by law and took all the benefits and expenses for these properties, he  
was asked in redirect by the Crown what he meant by the words “owner by law.” Gregory  
Coates then stated that in his mind the houses were not really his.  
[435] I found Gregory Coates to be rather unsophisticated and often confused regarding the  
events that occurred, and although on some occasions he seemed to be very certain and forceful  
(such as the $5,000 payment for taking out CMHC mortgages), the documentation before the  
Court does not support his recollection. First, there does not appear to be any evidence of a  
$5,000 payment as it relates to the CMHC mortgage obtained in October of 2002 (Exhibit 159).  
The second CMHC mortgage (Exhibit 29) shows that the $5,000 payment would have occurred  
even before the mortgage was registered and contrary to Gregory Coates’ statement that the  
payment would occur after the registration of the mortgage.  
[436] Gregory Coates’ version that the police were trying to trick him when it came to the  
identification of Pervez is probably his misunderstanding, and likely all the police were doing  
was testing his memory. It would also appear that Gregory Coates’ memory is somewhat lacking  
when it comes to the contradictions regarding what he told the police regarding his living in the  
properties or not. It would also appear that Gregory Coates is quick to agree to suggestions,  
including what may be the sources of monies to him.  
[437] For these reasons, I find his evidence that Scott Park told him he had “loose lips” to be  
unreliable and it would be dangerous to interpret such a statement without more certainty as to  
the context in which it was uttered. Similarly, his statement that Scott Park told him that he  
would have to live in a house for three months but that the bank would not check, is unreliable  
Page: 84  
and lacks the context of the surrounding discussion. It does demonstrate that Gregory Coates  
understood from Scott Park that he was supposed to be living in the house.  
[438] In summary, his evidence must be considered very carefully but must also be viewed  
with extreme caution.  
Mortgage Brokers  
Ken Finley  
[439] Ken Finley is currently 50 years old. He was employed at the Royal Bank as a Senior  
Account Manager from 1975 to 1987; from 1987 to 2003 he worked as a mortgage broker, both  
in Edmonton and in Ontario. In 2000 he came to work in Edmonton with his brother Richard  
Finley, for First Can Mortgage.  
[440] Ken Finley stated that he got paid a commission from the lender, of .5 % to 1 % of the  
mortgage, and also a mortgage brokerage fee from the client, which he believed was $500 per  
mortgage. Generally, he worked with Pervez and knew him to be a developer. The $500 per file  
was negotiated with Pervez. Ken Finley indicated that there were some occasions where the  
mortgage brokerage fee was up to $2,000, depending on the complexity of the file. Pervez would  
provide all of the information necessary to complete the application to be sent to the lenders, and  
the only independent check done by Ken Finley was a credit check at the credit bureau. He never  
did any Land Titles searches and rarely ever met with the individual clients or buyers that Pervez  
had found. Most of the documentation provided by Pervez was forwarded to him by fax, and  
once the mortgage application was sent to the lender and approved, the lender would return a  
commitment letter which had to be signed. It was sent to Pervez for signature and then back to  
Ken Finley with the client or borrower’s signature. He would forward it on to the bank which  
would send mortgage instructions to the lawyer.  
[441] Ken Finley never actually saw the applicants sign the acceptance of the conditions on the  
mortgage commitments, but once he received the document by fax, he signed as a witness. His  
brother’s name, Richard Finley, appears on the mortgage applications, but it was actually Ken  
Finley who was inputting the information and processing the mortgage applications; his  
brother’s name was showing up because he was actually the broker agent. Finley did not actually  
remember the names of the mortgage applicants. All of the information regarding the names of  
buyers, addresses, values and previous transactions came from Pervez, and all he did was input  
that information into his program to create the mortgage application which was then forwarded  
to the bank. With respect to the issue of employment letters, pay stubs, deposits, gift letters, Ken  
Finley indicated that the lender was responsible for verifying the employment. He indicated that  
all he ever did was act as a fiduciary, and that it was the bank’s or lender’s responsibility to  
check for down payments and confirmation of payment of same and other such issues, including  
the employment. He simply relied on the information which was provided to him by Pervez, and  
that was the information that he used to complete the mortgage application forms. He may have  
Page: 85  
gotten some of the appraisal reports directly from Ron Dinning as opposed to Pervez. Ken Finley  
did call some of the individuals directly to clarify some issues. This happened in regard to a  
couple of people but he could not remember who they were. What was important was to get the  
job done by putting together a willing borrower and a willing lender.  
[442] Ken Finley met Pervez at his office on the south side, and also met Pervez’s brother  
Chad, and also Kahlon, on maybe six to 12 occasions. He met with Scott Park at his office a  
couple of times, but he almost always dealt with Bindon. Ken Finley only once received any  
calls from the lenders after default on the mortgage payments, and that was in relation to the  
Camrose properties. When he got the call, he contacted Pervez and understood that the problem  
got rectified.  
[443] Finley’s evidence shows that he was involved with respect to 12 mortgage applications  
on 11 properties between November 2001 and May 2002 (Exhibits 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 11, 12, 13, 14,  
15, 18, 22). He did not recall why he stopped doing work for Pervez; however, he did recall a  
meeting with Pervez and Ron Dinning. Ron Dinning was concerned about renovations not being  
done. Ken Finley did not know who called the meeting, but it was at a restaurant somewhere on  
Jasper Avenue. He did not remember Pervez’s response. He did not know when this meeting  
took place.  
[444] Throughout Ken Finley’s evidence he stated that he was not told about certain  
information such as individuals owning other properties or not making down payments or not  
making their own mortgage payments. He would respond that he was never told such  
information, but then added on many occasions, “Not that I can recall.” This happened very  
often during his evidence.  
[445] Ken Finley was aware that Pervez was a developer and it was not unusual for incentives  
to be given, such as the first three months’ mortgage payments or that all the paperwork would  
be taken care of by the developer or that builders or developers had specific agreements with the  
lawyers they dealt with. Gift letters were a matter within the lender’s discretion, but what was  
important was that it was an actual gift. With respect to the mortgage payments being made by  
somebody else, the lender would not really show any concern so long as the mortgage payments  
were being made. Lenders had access to the Credit Bureau and also had other things that they  
could do to check on clients, such as Land Titles, or do their own checks on client files to  
determine whether a borrower already had a mortgage with that very same lender.  
[446] It is clear that Ken Finley had a good business going with Pervez, receiving not only a  
commission from the lenders but also an additional fee from Pervez. I found Ken Finley to be  
generally direct and forthright.  
David Gorn  
Page: 86  
[447] David Gorn is 44 years old and a recruiter of personnel for various businesses. Before  
that, he was a mortgage broker and worked as a mortgage agent for various lenders from  
approximately 1999 to 2003. He met Pervez as part of that work through Ron Dinning.  
[448] David Gorn’s first telephone call with Pervez occurred approximately 6 months after he  
became a mortgage agent in 1999. The second telephone conversation was several months later,  
and Pervez wanted to have somebody who would give preference to his buyers. At the first face-  
to-face meeting, he met Pervez’s brother Shezad Ahmad and Kahlon. Pervez stated that he was  
an investor who would bring prospective buyers. There was no discussion as to how Pervez was  
finding the buyers. The first properties in which David Gorn was involved as a mortgage broker  
were in Camrose. He only got a couple of requests from Pervez of specific mortgage applications  
being completed. The mortgage applications usually include the proof of down payment, proof  
of employment, assets and liabilities, and other information. The mortgage broker then does a  
Credit Bureau check and bundles up all of the material and sends it to the lender for approval.  
[449] Pervez had associates acting for him, including Kahlon, Adil Quadri, Rashid, Bindon and  
Shezad Ahmad. David Gorn stated that Pervez told him directly that they were working for him  
and that Pervez was in charge of everything and there was no next person in command. David  
Gorn never met Brito or Caroca, but spoke to Monahan on the phone. He understood that Kahlon  
worked for Pervez. He understood Rashid to be a realtor but it was clear that Pervez directed all  
the discussions. He understood Monahan was managing properties in Winnipeg for Pervez, and  
that she referred buyers to him. He saw Adil Quadri several times before they officially met, and  
they became friends. Adil Quadri managed property for Pervez and helped Pervez run errands.  
He understood Bindon to be a conveyancing secretary for Scott Park and he met with her, and  
she continued to organize everything for Pervez, even after she was no longer with Scorgie Park  
and working out of her home. When she was working out of her home for Pervez, it was clear  
that she was Pervez’s mistress.  
[450] Generally, with respect to the mortgage broker, David Gorn would receive a completed  
mortgage application from the applicant, along with potentially some supporting documentation  
such as an employment letter and pay stubs. He would then use that information to complete the  
mortgage application to be sent to the prospective lending institutions along with information  
obtained from the credit bureau. Once the mortgage application was returned, this would mean  
that the mortgage was approved subject to further documentation having to be provided. The  
mortgage approval would then be sent to the applicant for signature and the missing  
documentation would be gathered and sent to the lender. This would also include documents  
such as gift letters, Offers to Purchase and MLS listings.  
[451] David Gorn knew Scott Park was a lawyer and he met him through Pervez in person on  
three or four different occasions. He would see his name on several documents received from  
Pervez, shown as either acting for the buyer or the seller. He also saw Scott Park at job sites or  
renovation sites. David Gorn stated that he also contacted Scott Park for his own dealings in  
relation to getting advice as a tenant.  
Page: 87  
[452] David Gorn was never asked to lie to anybody nor to Scott Park, and did not knowingly  
lie to anybody. He had never overheard conversations between Pervez and his associates to the  
effect that the properties were actually being sold at only 75% of the value, that there were fees  
being paid to straw buyers or that commissions were being paid.  
[453] David Gorn had a conversation with Pervez about how he would be paid. Normally the  
payment comes from the lender and it is a percentage of the mortgage amount, usually 75 % to  
100 %. That amount would have been paid to his company, Mortgage Alliance, and then he  
would usually have been paid 75% of the amount paid by the lender. Pervez stated that he would  
give him $1,000 for every file, and the purpose was to ensure that Pervez’s files would get  
priority, day or night. David Gorn thought that it was Pervez who initiated that conversation and  
he thought this was great. He did not tell his employer, Mortgage Alliance, because it was  
money under the table. Further, his employer may have thought that there was something shady  
going on. His income obviously increased substantially as a result of this payment. The $1,000  
was almost always paid in cash but sometimes by cheque. At first the $1,000 was paid by Pervez  
when the lawyer received the mortgage instructions from the lender. Then it changed at a later  
date to receiving half on the approval by the lender and half when the lawyer got the mortgage  
instructions. David Gorn never told the lenders or his employer about this additional payment.  
He did give priority to the Pervez files.  
[454] David Gorn was shown two mortgage applications for the same person at different bank  
institutions (Exhibit 157). He indicated that this would not be unusual that they be done on the  
same day, but that one would be a rental property and the other would be a high ratio or owner  
occupied. Mortgage applications were sometimes declined or refused and sometimes repackaged  
and sent to another lender. Sometimes the lender would approve a mortgage but then did not  
fund it. He never questioned any of the documents he received from Pervez or any other person.  
[455] At some point during his dealings with Pervez, he became concerned that the buyers may  
not actually be living in the properties and therefore wanted to deal directly with the buyers.  
Pervez was not receptive to this at first, but David Gorn told him that he could not do business  
otherwise. David Gorn stated that Pervez made up approximately 80% of his total workload, and  
as a result, he may have given the documents that he had received from Pervez or his associates  
the benefit of the doubt. Further, David Gorn stated that he dealt with each application separately  
and did not do any kind of cross-referencing.  
[456] David Gorn severed his relationship with Pervez because he did not trust him, and he  
may have closed his eyes to the situation and this probably had something to do with the  
remuneration, but he also began to question things because he became born again. When he got  
the initial call from RECA (Real Estate Commission Agency), he called Pervez because he  
understood Pervez to be very sly. In his initial dealings with Pervez he did not know what was  
going on but that at some stage it developed into a grey area and then he realized that something  
was likely illegal. When RECA came to his house, he thought he might have done something  
wrong and he might go to jail. He again spoke to Pervez who said he was an idiot and that he  
was too honest, because he had given his laptop to RECA, which contained all of the files.  
Page: 88  
[457] David Gorn was shown an MCAP mortgage (Exhibit 16) where he was the mortgage  
agent. When shown a gift letter (at p. 127), he indicated that this was often the form used by the  
lenders and was part of the proof of the down payment. The appraisal report usually came as part  
of the application package which came from Pervez or one of his associates. He received the  
mortgage application (Exhibit 26) from Pervez or one of his associates.  
[458] A high ratio mortgage for Keith Rayner (Exhibit 27) required that the property be owner  
occupied. The information package for the mortgage application would have come from Pervez  
or one of his associates. The down payment could come from an RRSP contribution.  
[459] David Gorn got the mortgage application with respect to Gregory Coates (Exhibit 28)  
from Pervez or one of his associates. He believed that he had done two mortgages for Gregory  
Coates, and then became concerned about a third transaction because he was not sure Gregory  
Coates understood what he was doing. Gorn stated that he was concerned with Gregory Coates’  
mental capacity to do the mortgages. As a result, there was a conversation that took place at  
Pervez’s office with Scott Park and Pervez, and Gregory Coates was there at the beginning of the  
meeting but then left. David Gorn was not asked about the nature of the conversation and what  
was exactly said. The second mortgage application (Exhibit 29) for Gregory Coates was for a  
high ratio mortgage with the Bank of Montreal. It is to be noted that at Exhibit 28, which was  
registered a week earlier, on January 13th, 2003, Gregory Coates is also shown to be owner  
occupied. When asked by the Crown to explain why Exhibits 28 and 29 both showed as being  
owner occupied, David Gorn stated that he could not explain it. Further, when shown a mortgage  
application (p. 53) from the Bank of Montreal, David Gorn stated he could not explain why there  
was no mention of the property bought by Gregory Coates as part of Exhibit 28. He indicated  
that it could be that he made a mistake or that maybe he was told that the first property was being  
sold.  
[460] When he received a memo from the Bank of Montreal (Exhibit 29, p. 56) regarding the  
property being overvalued, David Gorn would have contacted Pervez. David Gorn made no  
inquiries about the name of the applicants.  
[461] The property purchased by Kelly Park (Exhibit 20) involved a high ratio mortgage. David  
Gorn understood Kerry Park to be Scott Park’s brother. He spoke to Kerry Park on the phone but  
got the documents from Pervez or his associates. He could not remember the details of the  
conversation, but agreed that Kerry Park may have told him he was going to be separating from  
his wife and sending an Offer to Purchase.  
[462] The property for Faisal Kahlil (Exhibit 31) involved a high ratio mortgage. David Gorn  
believed he got the documents from Kahlon, but spoke directly to Faisal Kahlil because he stated  
he was starting to feel more and more uncomfortable and wanted to speak to the buyers directly  
to determine if they were legitimate. Pervez was very much a micro-manager. The mortgage  
approval (p. 104) was sent to Pervez, again, to facilitate the signing of documents, and he was  
told by Faisal Kahlil to deal with Pervez.  
Page: 89  
[463] On Mina Khoshnavaz’s mortgage application (Exhibit 32) David Gorn asked her if she  
was going to live in the residence. However, he was not asked what her reply was.  
[464] David Gorn prepared a mortgage application for Lyle Petty (Exhibit 33). He actually met  
with Lyle Petty and Marie Kapeller and understood that they were partners or married or going  
to separate. He met them at a hotel on the south side, and Pervez and Bindon were present for at  
least part of the meeting. The mortgage summary (p. 57) appears to indicate that Lyle Petty was  
buying two properties, one rental and one owner occupied.  
[465] Marie Kapeller’s mortgage application (Exhibit 34) was for a high ratio mortgage. David  
Gorn stated that Marie Kapeller was supposed to live in the property.  
[466] David Gorn faxed the mortgage application (Exhibit 37, p. 77) for Steven Young to  
Pervez and his associates to have it signed by Young and returned.  
[467] Exhibit 41 concerns a high ratio mortgage for Jawad Choudhary. David Gorn saw Adil  
Quadri two or three times before he actually was introduced to him by Pervez. Adil Quadri was  
an associate of Pervez, and both Adil Quadri and Pervez told him that Adil Quadri would be  
helping with the paperwork. Adil Quadri never told David Gorn that he was getting a  
commission on this mortgage. Pervez told him that the deals would now be going to the Pops  
Venkatraman office instead of Scott Park, and David Gorn surmised that was because a few of  
the lenders would not deal with Scott Park.  
[468] David Gorn recalled that a third application for Gregory Coates (Exhibit 42) came from  
Pervez or associates. David Gorn contacted Gregory Coates and spoke to him or met with him.  
As a result, he was concerned that Gregory Coates did not have the mental capacity to  
understand the nature of his obligations. He asked Gregory Coates questions around his life, and  
believed that he lacked mental capacity. As a result, David Gorn contacted Pervez and told him  
that Gregory Coates should not do a mortgage. Pervez said it would be fine. Then David Gorn  
spoke to Scott Park and Scott Park said it would be fine, that he would look over Gregory  
Coates, and that they were close and that he was a lawyer. There was then a meeting with  
Gregory Coates at a job site. Scott Park was present, along with Pervez. Later that day, at  
Pervez’s office, Gregory Coates was also present along with Scott Park and himself. David Gorn  
stated he was not sure of the content of the conversation regarding Gregory Coates. David Gorn  
told Pervez that he would not proceed with an application for Gregory Coates, but that after  
talking to Scott Park, he did proceed with the application. He had the impression that Scott Park  
and Gregory Coates knew each other very well, and that Scott Park had some personal  
investment in Gregory Coates. In regards to the conversation with Scott Park regarding Gregory  
Coates, David Gorn indicated that they spoke over the phone and that Scott Park said that  
Gregory Coates was okay and that he had known him for a long time. David Gorn stated that he  
was concerned about Gregory Coates’ contractual capacity, whether he understood.  
Page: 90  
[469] Pervez was providing approximately 80% of his business and was a good and valued  
client at the time, and he visited Pervez at his office many times. At some stage Pervez hinted at  
him having a string of women not only the purpose of pleasure, but also so that they could do  
mortgages for him.  
[470] David Gorn agreed that the knowledge and skill of a mortgage broker would be to know  
the preferences of the various lenders. Pervez wanted his business to be given priority, and  
everybody involved in real estate was usually being pressured to act quickly. David Gorn stated  
that, looking back now, he could see some processing of dubious applications.  
[471] David Gorn never did tell his employer of the secret commissions he was receiving from  
Pervez for each application, nor did he tell RECA about the secret commissions because they did  
not ask and he was not going to tell them. He never reported the income earned from the secret  
commissions from Pervez on his Income Tax Returns for 2001, 2002 and 2003.  
[472] With respect to gift letters and trusting the validity of them, David Gorn stated that he felt  
no obligation to check because that was not his department. David Gorn was shown several gift  
letters from Rashid to various straw buyers and asked whether he did not become suspicious  
with the name coming up that often. He stated that it was not his department and he did not  
always make a link between the files. He knew Rashid to be an associate of Pervez, that is, a  
follower or henchman of Pervez. He saw Pervez and Kahlon together a lot and Pervez controlled  
what Kahlon did. Further, he himself was at Pervez’s office one to three times per week. David  
Gorn stated that Rashid was a cut above the other associates, and that he was a little smarter than  
the others.  
[473] At some stage he began to directly ask all of the applicants for the high ratio mortgages  
whether they were going to reside in the property or not. Several names were put to David Gorn  
and he was asked about their responses:  
-
-
-
Judy Monahan: he did not remember (Exhibit 3);  
Jayne Sluchinski: the name did not ring a bell (Exhibits 4 and 6);  
Sheila Straub: yes, she said she was going to be moving into the property  
(Exhibits 5 and 8, 12);  
-
-
-
Sheila Holloway: he didn’t know (Exhibits 7, 9, 10, 18, 19, 20, 23);  
Michael Albert: he didn’t know (Exhibits 11, 15, 17);  
Beverly Haugh: yes, she stated that she intended to live in the property (Exhibits  
13, 21, 25);  
-
-
Royston Frederick: he didn’t remember (Exhibits 14, 16);  
Bindon: stated that she was refinancing her own property (Exhibits 22, 24);  
Page: 91  
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Anne Chiasson: couldn’t say for sure (Exhibit 26);  
Keith Raynor: couldn’t say for sure (Exhibit 27);  
Faisal Khalil: yes, he said he was going to move into the property (Exhibit 31);  
Mina Khoshnavaz: yes, she said she was moving into the property (Exhibit 32);  
Lyle Petty: yes, that he would be moving into the property (Exhibit 33);  
Marie Kapeller: yes, she would be moving into the property (Exhibits 34 and 43);  
Derek Duncombe: said that he thought he said he would be moving into the  
property (Exhibits 36 and 39);  
-
-
-
Steve Young: yes, that he would be moving into the property (Exhibit 37);  
Robbie Madan: the name didn’t ring a bell (Exhibit 40);  
Greg Coates: yes, that he would be moving into the property (Exhibits 28, 29 and  
42).  
[474] After a certain time of doing mortgages for Pervez, David Gorn began to check with the  
applicants directly, usually by phone but sometimes in person, as he stated for the above  
individuals. If they said they were not going to be moving into the property, then he would not  
have done the deal.  
[475] Although David Gorn was very talkative and often offered his own opinion even when  
not asked, and, as he stated, even “going on a tangent,” it would appear that David Gorn was  
attempting to be truthful and honest. It is difficult to say whether or not he actually knew more of  
what was going on after he got into doing several mortgages for Pervez. However, he clearly  
acknowledged his dishonest behaviour of accepting secret commissions from Pervez and not  
disclosing it to his employer or to RECA, and also never declaring it on his Income Tax Return.  
[476] In relation to his change in approach regarding talking directly to applicants, this has a  
ring of truth to it, although it contradicts several of the straw buyers’ evidence that they never  
told anybody that they were going to live in the property. There is a ring of truth to his testimony  
as to recalling the conversations because it should be noted that in relation to the names which he  
did not remember or which did not ring a bell, the documentation appears to show that he was  
not the mortgage broker in relation to those mortgages.  
David Humeniuk  
[477] David Humeniuk is currently 59 years old. He was a mortgage broker with Power  
Mortgage Centre from 1994 to approximately 2004. From around 1979 to 1994, David  
Humeniuk was employed with the Bank of Montreal, teaching and developing lending practices  
Page: 92  
regarding businesses and other functions, and for approximately ten years before 1979 he was  
employed with Avco Finance.  
[478] David Humeniuk believed he was contacted by Brito and Caroca in around 2001, as a  
referral from somebody else. They asked if he would look at some deals, which he agreed, and  
he processed an application. Almost all of his dealings were with Brito who would provide him  
with an application which he would then package together and send to the lender for approval.  
Once the approval came back with the conditions, he would send that information back to the  
source for Brito to provide the necessary documents to meet the conditions and also have the  
commitment letter signed by the applicant. David Humeniuk witnessed the signature of clients  
but this was after the fact and never actually saw them sign the commitment letters. The  
information would then be forwarded to the lender for review, and if suitable, the mortgage  
instructions would be sent to the lawyer. In almost all cases, he would go back and deal with the  
source, which in this case was Brito, to obtain the documents required by the lender.  
[479] Most of the time the lenders would call the employers themselves to confirm  
employment, and each lender had different requirements or “quirks,” and some lenders would  
actually approve anything. The lenders do not really care who is making the mortgage payments,  
so long as they are being made. Similarly, with respect to the requirements by the lenders that  
current debts be paid, the banks did not care how the debts got paid, just that they got paid.  
Humeniuk never did any checks other than the Credit Bureau and it was up to the lender to do  
other searches, such as Land Titles and all the phone calls. Most of the mortgages for Brito were  
high ratio mortgages, which would have an owner occupied condition. His fee was usually paid  
by the lender, but if the lender did not pay a fee, he would charge Brito, who usually paid by  
cheque.  
[480] At some point, Brito referred him to Pervez. David Humeniuk stated he did a couple of  
deals for Pervez but did not like the information that was being provided and stopped dealing  
with him. He believed he did approximately ten deals for Pervez but over a very short period of  
time. A trend started to show that Pervez was using the same buyers over and over. David  
Humeniuk stopped doing mortgage applications for Brito after seeing some of the same names of  
the clients, that is, a recycling of the clients. After awhile, Brito began sending the same buyers  
and not declaring their previous mortgages, and he spoke to Brito but it still continued. As a  
result, he stopped doing mortgages for him. However, he agreed that he never did tell the lenders  
about his concerns regarding Pervez or Brito. He would not state that the Pervez deals were  
fraudulent, but went as far as to state that they were not real. He agreed that when the police  
questioned him, he stated he did not know Pervez or Home Placement, and his explanation for  
this was that he simply did not remember at the time.  
[481] I found David Humeniuk to be forthright and credible.  
Alison Rice  
Page: 93  
[482] Alison Rice lives in Calgary and has been a mortgage agent/broker since approximately  
the year 2000. Before that she was employed 20 years in various capacities with the Bank of  
Montreal. As a mortgage agent she was to talk to people and take mortgage applications from  
individuals buying property. Pervez was referred to her by Remie Belmonte, whom she knew  
through her Bank of Montreal employment. In early 2003 she met with Pervez and Remie  
Belmonte at a hotel in Calgary for half an hour. Pervez stated that he was fixing up properties  
and then selling them. Alison Rice wanted to know about the properties and was told there were  
going to be cosmetic renovations such as redoing the flooring and painting, but no structural  
renovations. She told Pervez that she would be contacting the clients directly to confirm the  
basics of their applications, including date of birth, social insurance number, the address of the  
house they were buying, whether or not they were currently owners or renters, their employment  
stability and history, the sources of the down payment, and if they were selling a property, the  
address and what they expected to net out of it.  
[483] The information to prepare the mortgage applications came either from Pervez or the  
buyers. When she got an application, she would call the clients directly to verify that the  
information on the application was correct, and did her due diligence by confirming whether  
they were going to live in the property, their employment, and other requirements. She would  
ask the clients to provide her with employment letters, pay stubs, gift letters and other required  
documents. She would do a Credit Bureau check and verify the debts listed on the mortgage  
application, and confirm the information included in the application. However, she never met  
with any of the clients. She understood from Remie Belmonte that Pervez had approximately 20  
properties, and that the buyers were first-time home buyers. She only did mortgage applications  
for Pervez for approximately three months.  
[484] Alison Rice met Pervez in Calgary a second time when he dropped off an appraisal for  
her in an envelope along with $2,000 cash. She telephoned Pervez and told him that she was  
already getting paid by the lenders. Pervez stated that he knew this but he just wanted her to have  
the money because of her good work. She indicated that she did not want the money but Pervez  
told her to keep it, and she kept it. Pervez had more than one realtor and she talked to some of  
the realtors. She stopped doing deals with Pervez because there were too many unanswered  
questions, too many little things, and she just had a gut feeling. At some point she got a call from  
Steve Down at CMHC, stating that the properties in Edmonton involving Pervez were low value  
properties, and that CMHC was looking into it. However, they were still approving the  
mortgages. She told Pervez about this phone call, and he said that CMHC had seen the  
renovations and were approving the mortgages. She told Pervez that she would not be doing any  
more and refused to give him a recommendation for somebody else.  
[485] Alison Rice identified her signature as witness on a mortgage commitment (Exhibit 156),  
but she never met with Mr. Germscheid. She testified that back in 2003 it was not unusual for  
brokers to sign as witnesses even though they had not seen the person sign. That practice has  
changed, and now identification is required. Further, it was a rule of thumb for lenders that the  
gift letter would be by a family member, but it did not really have to be a family member.  
Page: 94  
[486] Alison Rice agreed that certain lenders required the brokers to fulfill some of the  
conditions, such as providing proof of payout of certain existing debts, and to impose conditions  
on the lawyers (“conditioning the solicitor”), such as confirming the sale of an existing property  
by providing an anticipated statement of adjustments or an actual statement of adjustments.  
Some lenders required that the solicitor hold the deposit or down payment, and others did not.  
Because of the Privacy Act and concerns over money laundering, the practices have changed a  
lot since these transactions and more is now required to be done.  
[487] I found Alison Rice to be credible.  
Appraisers  
Ronald Dinning  
[488] Ronald Dinning is presently 52 years old and has been an accredited real estate appraiser  
for the past 15 years, holding the designations of certified residential appraiser and an accredited  
appraiser with the Canadian Institute. Prior to that, he was a commercial manager with the Royal  
Bank for 20 years. He knew Pervez, having met him in his previous career as a bank manager at  
which time he told him to get lost. In 2000, he met with Pervez and Eehab Taliani, a Bank of  
Montreal manager. Pervez said he was renovating and reselling a lot of houses and Ronald  
Dinning agreed to do appraisals. They agreed on a cost of between $150 and $200 per appraisal  
report to be paid in advance of the release of the report, and which was almost always paid in  
cash. The original appraisal reports were usually handed over to Pervez who paid for them.  
Ronald Dinning would also send copies to the financial institutions and/or mortgage brokers.  
Pervez would contact him and state that he had bought a property, was going to do some  
renovations and had a sale pending. Almost all of the deals were subject to completion of  
renovations which would be reflected in the appraisal reports as, for example “to be done” or “to  
be hardwood flooring” or “basement to be repaired.” Ronald Dinning visited all of the properties  
and noted in the appraisal reports either that renovations had been done or needed to be done.  
Only a few of Pervez’s houses had the renovations completed when he did his first appraisal. If  
the renovations referred to in the reports did not get done, the appraisal report would be null and  
void. Pervez would not always tell him what he had paid for the property, but he would always  
ask. Where Pervez provided the information on the second page in the comment section of the  
appraisal reports indicating himself as current owner having purchased the property for “X”  
amount of dollars on a certain date, Ronald Dinning did not do other checks such as Land Titles  
or MLS listings. When Pervez would not state what he paid for the property, Ronald Dinning  
would pull a title search from Land Titles or look at the MLS listings which was not required at  
the time if the customer stated that he had been the owner for at least one year. He appraised  
properties for Pervez in Edmonton, Camrose and Winnipeg.  
[489] Ronald Dinning frequently dealt with Kahlon, who worked for and took his orders from  
Pervez. Rashid, a realtor, also worked with Pervez. Ronald Dinning knew Monahan and that she  
worked in a law office, which he believed to be Scorgie Park. At some stage Brian King of the  
Page: 95  
Bank of Montreal took over from Mr. Ptyalin (phonetic) and Ronald Dinning would then usually  
fax copies of his appraisal reports to Brian King.  
[490] Ronald Dinning could not say whether or not the Bank of Montreal got Schedule A  
mentioned in the appraisal report at Exhibit 20. He was not sure that he completed the appraisal  
contained in Exhibit 21, as there were changes and words in the appraisal that did not seem to  
follow his methods. He agreed that the transaction in Exhibit 22 would not be arm’s length as  
Bindon was a director of the company which sold a property to herself. The signature on the  
appraisal report was not his digital signature and appeared to have been scanned.  
[491] Ronald Dinning did individual appraisal reports for 16 condos in a complex in Camrose  
but there were outstanding issues such as many renovations, the activation of a functional condo  
board and a capital reserve fund. He prepared a full list of the renovations required to be  
completed on one and a half typed pages (not entered into evidence) which were attached to each  
of his appraisal reports. Where the appraisal stated that there was a sale pending for the property,  
this information was provided by Pervez. The comparables contained in the appraisals of several  
of the Camrose condo units were obtained through communications with Scott Park regarding  
offers and sale prices and confirmation of renovations being done. Scott Park or somebody from  
his firm faxed confirmation sheets and copies of titles showing the sales subject to the  
renovations being done. The law firm, or specifically Scott Park or the secretary said they had a  
list of the renovations to be done and were aware of the need to establish a capital reserve fund  
and activate a functional condo board.  
[492] The information for the comparables came from the law firm verbally and in writing. On  
other occasions during his testimony, Ronald Dinning stated that the information for the  
comparables came from Pervez and/or the lawyer. The comparables used as part of Exhibit 19 in  
his appraisal report came from Scorgie Park. He agreed these would not be valid because they  
were not arm’s length transactions. With respect to the information which came from the law  
office, he would have phoned the law office and spoken to somebody, either the receptionist or  
assistant, and said that he wanted this and this and this, and they would send it. Or he would talk  
to the lawyer, Scott Park, and tell him what he wanted, and Scott Park would say, “Talk to my  
assistant.” Anything that was faxed to him would have been saved in his original files. He only  
talked to Scott Park a few times. It should be noted that during the cross-examination of Bindon,  
she identified her own handwriting on a fax cover sheet on Scorgie Park letterhead, dated  
November 7, 2001 (Exhibit “S” for Identification), from Kelly - Scott Park Office to Ron  
Dinning. It states that the fax contains 7 pages and states, “Ron, at Carmen’s request please find  
enclosed the Certified Copies of Certificates of Titles for each of Units 31A, 35A and 39D  
Grandview Crescent.”  
[493] After May 1st, 2001, Ronald Dinning did not re-enter the condos in Camrose but drove by  
five or six times and saw that at least the outside renovations on the complex had not yet been  
completed which eventually resulted in him sending a memo to all of the mortgage brokers and  
the banks involved, asking them to consider that his previous appraisals be considered invalid.  
Page: 96  
Most of his discussions regarding renovations on the Camrose properties were with Pervez but  
he also had some with Kahlon.  
[494] Ronald Dinning did appraisals for Pervez for approximately a year and a half. On one  
occasion he told Pervez that he would no longer do appraisals for him because he was not getting  
calls back from the financial institutions about doing follow-up appraisals regarding renovations  
to be completed. Pervez was lying to him and he told him that, and that he was not going to  
complete any more work on any of the properties for him. Ronald Dinning called a meeting at  
Pervez’s office on 118th Avenue to terminate his relationship with Pervez and he asked Ken  
Finley to come along so he would be a witness. Pervez and a legal secretary were also there. He  
discussed his concerns, but after the meeting he was persuaded to do more appraisals and went to  
Winnipeg to do so. The lady from the law office was a “tagalong” with Pervez. Pervez and Ken  
Finley convinced him to continue doing appraisals on the basis that the renovations were being  
completed 150%. Pervez said, “You can go look at the properties and you will see.” He did go  
look at some of the properties and found that Pervez was lying to him. Their relationship ended  
in the summer of 2002.  
[495] The Bank of Montreal and Brian King would always say, “I don’t want the present value;  
we want the appraisal as if the renovations were done.” He had a heated discussion with Brian  
King, and he eventually told him that he did not care what he wanted. The lenders and mortgage  
brokers took exception to him saying that the renovations had not yet been done because they did  
not want to lose their commissions.  
[496] On one occasion Pervez tried to bribe Ronald Dinning by offering $15,000 to $20,000 so  
that he would not do any other work for other people. On another occasion, Pervez offered him a  
motorcycle but there was no specific request accompanying the offer.  
[497] Ronald Dinning’s testimony was suspect as possibly tailored to protect his reputation and  
I am not entirely sure how reliable his explanation is of ceasing to do the appraisals or his  
relationship to Pervez. It remains unexplained why he refused as bank manager to deal with  
Pervez and had told him to get lost, but later agreed to be retained and do work for him. His  
testimony is neither clarified nor corroborated on significant issues by documentation. Where is  
the copy of the list of the renovations regarding the Camrose properties? Where are the copies of  
the faxes Ronald Dinning indicated were sent from the law office regarding the comparables?  
Where is the copy of the letter to all the lending institutions and mortgage brokers stating that his  
previous appraisal reports regarding the Camrose property were null and void?  
[498] It would be unreliable and unsafe to find that the comparable information which Ronald  
Dinning said he relied upon to do the Camrose appraisals came from Scott Park. His evidence  
was, on different occasions, that the information came from Pervez and/or Scott Park or the law  
office, and when cross-examined, confirmed that if he did speak to Scott Park about getting  
information regarding comparables, that Scott Park would most likely have referred him to the  
assistant. In addition, it appears that comparables information was sent to him by Bindon upon  
Pervez’s direction (Exhibit “S” for Identification).  
Page: 97  
Leilani Belmonte (now Calmusky)  
[499] Leilani Belmonte is currently 29 years old and lives in Calgary. In approximately 2002  
she began working with her father who was an accredited appraiser. She took two courses of  
maybe two to three days each, early on when she started working for her father. She did not  
remember what the names of the courses were or who gave them. She would have had to take  
more courses and complete more hours in order to get an appraiser’s designation. She initially  
gained experience watching her father on site, and watching him prepare reports and then  
inputting information into a computer. After a couple of months she began going out to the sites  
herself and then shortly thereafter she began doing reports on her own. The first appraisal in  
Edmonton was for bank financing for Pervez, she believed in the fall of 2002. After the first  
appraisal, Pervez asked if they would do other private appraisals for him. There were not many  
discussions with respect to the appraisals. She would go to the site for about 10 minutes, do  
measurements, make notations of renovations, go back home, input the information on her  
computer program, and send it online to her father in Calgary. He would then review it, make  
any changes, sign as the supervising appraiser and it would be sent to the lender.  
[500] Leilani Belmonte used direct comparisons as opposed to the cost approach. She thought  
the direct comparisons came from the MLS. Pervez would indicate which property he wanted  
appraised, the lending institution and the potential borrower. She did not go into each of the  
properties because some of the measurements and pictures of the properties were done by her  
brother and two other persons whom she had trained. Once the report was completed and her  
father had signed as supervising appraiser, she would forward the appraisal report to Pervez,  
either in hard copy or by e-mail. Pervez would usually pay her cash; she believed it was $150 per  
report. At some point, Pervez offered to give her additional money, she believed $100 per report,  
if the reports could be done more quickly, usually within 24 hours. It was not unusual for people  
to want appraisals to be done quickly. She agreed to this.  
[501] Pervez said in most cases that the properties were going to be renovated or were already  
under renovation. Leilani Belmonte’s first appraisal report would be “as is”. Then they would go  
back at the request of the bank to see if the renovations had been done. She never discussed with  
Pervez the value to be put on the appraisal report. He thought the value was too low on the first  
appraisal she did for him.  
[502] Leilani Belmonte identified her signature and that of her father on all the appraisals  
contained in Exhibits 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 36, 37, 39. She had no recollection of any of these  
properties or the appraisal reports. Where there were comments, such as “freshly painted” or  
“new kitchen” or any such comments regarding the status of the property, these were as a result  
of direct observation by her or the persons who assisted her. She agreed that there did not appear  
to be in any of the reports any indication that there were renovations outstanding.  
Page: 98  
[503] Leilani Belmonte was not familiar with the nine conditions regarding the appraiser’s  
certifications nor had she read them. She did not have a real understanding of why certain of the  
information was inputted on a computer, just that it was necessary to get the information.  
Sometimes Pervez would request changes to the name of the lending institution or borrower on  
an appraisal report, and these changes were done by her father. Once her father signed the report  
as a supervisor, nobody could make any changes to the report. At some stage in the spring of  
2003 she and her father stopped doing appraisals for Pervez, and Pervez went to talk to her father  
in Calgary. He wanted her to do appraisals in Winnipeg, but she refused. Pervez said he would  
pay for the rest of her certification process, but she still refused.  
[504] Leilani Belmonte did appraisals for no more than six months. The appraisals were done  
as the property stood under renovation, and they expected a callback at a later date. Between the  
first and second appraisals, the appraisal values may vary due to the fact that the renovations  
would be completed. She did not get very many callbacks in relation to the appraisals done in  
Edmonton.  
[505] I found Leilani Belmonte to be credible, even though most of her responses to the  
questions were, “I don’t remember,” or “I assume so.” However, having regard to the numbers of  
properties and the nature and short time that she would have spent in relation to each of these  
properties, and her lack of knowledge as to what was actually going on in relation to doing a  
qualified appraisal, I do not find this response to be surprising and it in fact adds to the  
credibility of her evidence, for what it is worth.  
Others  
Sean Syrenne  
[506] Sean Syrenne purchased property located at 11728 - 27 Avenue from Sheila Holloway  
(Exhibit 10). He purchased this property through Home Placements System and believed the  
owner was Pervez. He intended to tear it down later and build a fourplex. This was a private  
deal, and his lawyer was David Holt. This was not the first time that he had purchased property  
to develop. It was standard on real estate contracts and standard in the industry to show the buyer  
as Sean Syrenne “or nominee” on the Offer to Purchase (Exhibit 10, p. 155) because it gave the  
buyer flexibility. Sometimes even if the buyer was shown in a personal name, the eventual  
purchase was made by a company. Further, it is standard to indicate the lawyer of choice on the  
Offer to Purchase without having actually asked the lawyer beforehand whether he would act.  
David Scorgie  
[507] David Scorgie has been a lawyer since 1991, and began leasing some office space in  
association with Scott Park in 1998. The intention between the two lawyers was that they would  
Page: 99  
split all of the costs; David Scorgie’s incorporated company would pay for these costs and then  
bill Scott Park for his share of the expenses. Bindon began working as a legal assistant for  
Scorgie Park in February 1999. She left the law firm in September 1999 for approximately one  
year and returned around September of 2000, continuing until October 31, 2002. She started as a  
legal assistant, and mostly worked for David Scorgie. His practice was general and Scott Park’s  
was also general but had somewhat of a focus on criminal work. At some stage he became aware  
that Pervez was a client of Scott Park because he would often see him in the waiting room.  
Pervez seemed to him to be a thug, not a worthy individual, and a criminal. He was concerned  
that Pervez was distracting Bindon and spending too much time behind closed doors with her.  
[508] During the Christmas period 2001, David Scorgie became aware that Bindon, Pervez and  
Scott Park had gone to Winnipeg and he was quite upset about this. He had a meeting with  
Bindon and Scott Park, and said he needed to see some changes. He believed that he was told by  
Bindon to mind his own business. When Bindon was working on his files, they were either in his  
office or in a cabinet in the common area. At some stage he became aware that most of Scott  
Park’s files were being kept in Bindon’s office.  
[509] David Scorgie’s dislike for Pervez increased and he had a direct talk with him. Prior to  
Bindon’s firing in 2002, she told him that she had bought a property with the assistance of  
Pervez. He did not know that Bindon had a numbered company, nor was he aware that Bindon  
was involved in real estate investments in the spring of 2002.  
[510] He was referred to an employment letter for Bindon on Scorgie Park letterhead (Exhibit  
22) and apparently signed by Scott Park, mentioning bonuses of $3,000 to $4,000. David Scorgie  
remembered Christmas bonuses of $500 and was not aware that Bindon was receiving additional  
bonuses. David Scorgie identified his writing on handwritten pay stubs (Exhibit 22) which were  
created for the accountant. Bindon never requested the pay stubs for a mortgage application.  
Although he was not aware of the transaction contained in Exhibit 22, Bindon may have  
mentioned something about renovations but he did not know to which property.  
[511] By September 2002, David Scorgie knew that Pervez and Bindon were in a close  
relationship but he kept Bindon as an employee because she continued to do a lot of work for  
Scott Park. Around the end of September 2002, he saw a document on the fax machine, being a  
confirmation of registration showing Bindon as owner of a property and he knew at the time that  
she had another property. This was against his prohibition that she continue to deal with Pervez.  
He immediately terminated Bindon’s employment, but gave her 30 days’ notice because he was  
not sure he had cause. He asked her how she could afford this property, and she said that she did  
not have a pension and she had to look out for her future. She was shocked, defensive, angry,  
and stated that he “had no business doing this or firing her.” He told her she was in a conflict of  
interest with Scott Park’s client and was acting inappropriately.  
[512] David Scorgie spoke to Scott Park very shortly after he fired Bindon, but he could not  
remember Scott Park’s reaction. He went into Bindon’s office to look for the file in question and  
saw it was in a bundle of other files, indicating to him that there was a series of transactions. He  
Page: 100  
looked at the files and was concerned that there was a jump in value and was concerned for Scott  
Park. He told Scott Park that he thought that he had a duty of care to the lender, and he thinks  
that Scott Park disagreed with him. However, the next day Scott Park came and told him that he  
agreed with him. David Scorgie did not know what happened to the September 2002 transaction  
which led to the firing.  
[513] David Scorgie was aware of the company Lex Notitia, and that Scorgie Park was its  
registered office. However, he did not know who the owner was or its business. David Scorgie  
was shown a letter (Exhibit 24) stating that Bindon was performing administrative duties for Lex  
Notitia, but he was not aware of this. David Scorgie and Scott Park had their own trust and  
general accounts, and never did each other’s banking.  
[514] At some point, David Scorgie became aware of lenders being concerned with Scott Park  
while he was still at Scorgie Park. He spoke to a friend at the Bank of Montreal and another  
friend at the TD Bank who indicated that they would no longer use Scorgie Park. He talked to  
Scott Park about the Bank of Montreal and told him that this was probably because of Pervez.  
David Scorgie thinks that Scott Park put this off lightly as not being important.  
[515] In cross-examination, David Scorgie agreed that Scott Park was one of the lawyers in the  
Trang trial. David Scorgie was also a lawyer in the Trang trial in relation to a publication ban  
issue. Scott Park was second counsel to Keith Gross from Calgary, and as a result of a meeting  
with Keith Gross he was retained in relation to the publication ban. The Trang trial was fairly  
intense, eventually collapsing in September 2003.  
[516] David Scorgie at first denied that Scott Park gave out bonuses to three staff members  
from a major payment that he received in relation to the Trang trial. On further questioning, he  
acknowledged recalling something about bonuses and believed that he may have told Scott Park  
that they should have gone through the management company but he did not think that it was a  
cheque from the Trang trial.  
[517] In cross-examination, David Scorgie acknowledged that in his observation, Scott Park  
gave Bindon little supervision. Bindon was excellent, very intelligent, competent, very likeable  
and very ambitious. She had physical custody of Scott Park’s files in her office. He agreed that a  
real estate practice requires a very good assistant and is very document-intensive, and therefore  
computer intensive. Regarding Scott Park’s computer abilities he stated, “Scott Park never  
impressed me with computer abilities.”  
[518] I found David Scorgie to be credible and reliable.  
Michael John Shorter  
Page: 101  
[519] Michael Shorter is a retired Edmonton police officer who first became involved in this  
case in January 2004. He was to help Constable Hayduk who had been involved for some time in  
an investigation relating to the derelict housing in the Norwood area. At that time, the only  
complainant was ING (Marathon Mortgage) in relation to approximately 10 mortgages. In  
January 2005, the investigation file was moved to the Integrated Response on Organized Crime  
Unit.  
[520] At first, there seemed to be a pattern whereby the same numbered company would  
purchase a property and resell it quickly at a substantial increase in price. Even though the big  
jump in prices in a very short period of time was an indicator, the investigation did not rely on  
the appraisals. The investigators decided to investigate misrepresentations made to the lenders by  
the straw buyers. These representations would mostly likely be contained in the mortgage  
application forms provided to the lender. In total, approximately 256 properties in Edmonton and  
24 in Camrose were purchased by various numbered companies associated with Pervez. Michael  
Shorter stated that some of the lenders were not co-operative, but he was not sure why that  
would be.  
Lenders  
[521] The Crown called seven senior employees of the seven lenders who funded mortgages in  
relation to Exhibits 3 to 43:  
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Kenneth Pettapiece, Bridgewater Financial Services Ltd.  
Debbie Voykin, Resmor Trust Company  
Linda Woolard, Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce  
Jeffrey Armstrong, MCAP Service Corporation  
Fabio Lupinetti, First Marathon Mortgage Corporation  
Tanya Welsh, Bank of Montreal  
Janice Kucy, Toronto-Dominion Bank  
[522] These senior representatives of the lenders outlined the internal policies of the lenders,  
and advised that the employees of the lenders who had the authority to approve mortgages were  
expected to follow the internal bank policies. The following details from the evidence of the  
individual lender institution’s internal policies and the expectation of its employees were set out  
in the previous decision of this Court on the directed verdict application in R. v. Scott James  
Park, 2009 ABQB 38, paras. 27 to 49:  
Kenneth Pettapiece - Bridgewater Financial Services Ltd.  
[27] Kenneth Pettapiece is currently the manager of mortgage recovery at Bridgewater  
Financial Services Ltd. (“Bridgewater Financial”). Bridgewater Financial was the lender  
in relation to Count 31. Mr. Pettapiece overlooks the mortgage arrears and frauds  
regarding residential mortgages. He has been with Bridgewater Financial for 3½ years,  
Page: 102  
and was not with them at the time of the alleged fraud between December 1, 2002 and  
February 28, 2003. He indicated that since being employed at Bridgewater Financial he  
has become familiar with its policies.  
[28] Mr. Pettapiece further indicated that whenever there is a default, they look at the  
original documents which had been provided to the underwriter. He stated that the  
underwriter is the person who reviews and either approves or declines the granting of the  
mortgage. The underwriter is the person who approves the mortgage, and Mr. Pettapiece  
then looks for oversights or fraudulent documents. He went on to state that the  
underwriters should look at income, Credit Bureau checks, and other financial  
information provided to them, such as assets and liabilities.  
[29] In general terms, Mr. Pettapiece stated that when inquiries were being made by  
underwriters or others at Bridgewater Financial, they would not be in the form of any  
leading questions. He identified the writing of an individual employed as an underwriter  
with Bridgewater Financial, Ms. Lougheed, as appearing on one of the documents found  
in Exhibit 31 (at 73). Mr. Pettapiece was shown some general notes regarding a different  
borrower as contained in Exhibit 156 (at 46). Mr. Pettapiece agreed that from the nature  
of the notes, he would have expected the underwriter to have looked into what was being  
stated by the mortgage broker, but could not say whether this had occurred. Mr.  
Pettapiece had no personal involvement with any of these applications. The Crown then  
asked Mr. Pettapiece the hypothetical question: If he had known that the mortgage  
application or supporting documentation contained false information, would he have  
approved the mortgage? He stated, no.  
Debbie Voykin - Resmor Trust Company  
[30] Debbie Voykin is the senior manager of mortgage recovery and default at Resmor  
Trust Company (“Resmore Trust”). Resmor Trust was the lender in relation to Counts 41  
and 42. Ms. Voykin stated that she had no involvement in granting these mortgages, nor  
was she involved in their approval. She indicated that Resmor Trust only deals with  
mortgage brokers. Ms. Voykin stated that it is the mortgage underwriters or closers who  
do the work with the mortgage brokers; that is, they check and ultimately approve the  
mortgage. The Mortgage Summaries contained in Exhibits 41 and 42 show that it was the  
same underwriter or closer who would have approved both of the mortgages. The Crown  
then asked Ms. Voykin the hypothetical question: If she had known that the mortgage  
applications or supporting documentation contained false information, would she have  
approved the mortgages? She stated, no.  
Linda Woolard - Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce  
[31] Linda Woolard is presently the risk manager for residential mortgages at  
Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce (“CIBC”). CIBC was the lender in relation to  
Counts 26, 38 and 39. Ms. Woolard had no personal involvement with any of these  
Page: 103  
applications. She stated that she was aware of the bank policies and procedures in  
relation to the requirements in ensuring that underwriters complied with the policies  
when approving mortgages. Ms. Woolard went on to state that the underwriters should  
review the mortgage application and determine if the borrower meets the lending  
requirements, and also get supporting documentation. The Crown then asked Linda  
Woolard the hypothetical question: If she had known that the mortgage applications or  
supporting documentation contained false information, would she have approved the  
mortgages? She stated, no.  
Jeffrey Armstrong - MCAP Service Corporation  
[32] Jeffrey Armstrong is the senior vice president with MCAP Service Corporation  
(“MCAP”). MCAP was the lender in relation to Counts 16, 36, 37, 40, and 43. Mr.  
Armstrong stated that there are policies and procedures for the underwriters and  
mortgage fulfillment specialists to follow. He indicated he had no involvement in relation  
to any of these mortgages. He stated that most of the mortgage applications come through  
mortgage brokers; that the mortgage applications are sent by the mortgage brokers to the  
underwriter who makes the original decision to grant the mortgage; and that a mortgage  
fulfillment specialist then reviews the documentation to support the original application  
as well as the decision to grant credit by the underwriter. Mr. Armstrong was asked what  
would be the significance to MCAP if it received an appraisal in support of one person’s  
mortgage application but the appraisal referred to another person as the borrower, and he  
stated, “Yes, it would be a red flag to the underwriter.”  
[33] The following questions and answers of Mr. Armstrong in relation to the red flag  
bear repeating verbatim. They are as follows:  
Q
Okay. Now, this loan appears to have been approved. If we look at page  
116 of the same Exhibit Book, 36, it seems to have been recommended by  
Angela Wilton and approved by Angela Wilton, correct?  
A
Q
Correct.  
And you’re suggesting that if Ms. Wilton noticed that the appraisal had  
one name and the application had another, then that would be something  
that would cause her to look into that situation?  
A
Q
Could.  
Now, I suggest to you that, in fact, she did look into that situation, that she  
called the broker and learned certain things, and decided that there was a  
reasonable explanation for that difference and that it shouldn’t affect her  
decision, okay? Could that have happened?  
Page: 104  
A
Q
A
Q
Could have; can’t say for certain.  
All right. And why can’t you say for certain?  
I haven’t spoken to Ms. Wilton.  
Okay. If she had spoken to the broker and the broker passed on some  
information from the appraiser, what records or entries and records would  
she have to - - have to make? Would she have to make any entries in any  
kind of records or files or anything like that? Would she have to make any  
notes or anything like that?  
A
Q
A
Q
A
Q
A
Q
A
Well, we encourage it, but not all underwriters do that all the time.  
Pardon me, we - -  
We encourage it.  
Encourage it. Okay.  
Right.  
All right. Just a good business practice, right?  
Yes.  
But not a requirement?  
Not a requirement, no.  
[34] It should be noted that the documentation prepared by MCAP shows Ms. Wilton  
as the lending officer and approver (Exhibit 36, p. 115), and also as having approved the  
mortgage as it relates to Count 40 (Exhibit 40, p. 85), and Count 43.  
[35] In relation to Count 16, Mr. Armstrong was questioned about condominium  
bylaws and capital reserve funds and other issues raised in the documentation. He was  
asked what sort of due diligence would have been required on behalf of MCAP, and he  
stated the following: “Well, the underwriter would normally have gone back and asked  
the questions of the appraiser, what’s in the reserve fund, or how much is in the reserve  
fund, when do we anticipate being established a condominium corporation, et cetera.”  
[36] Mr. Armstrong was then asked whether there had been any inquiries made, on  
behalf of MCAP, with the broker or the appraiser, and he stated that he could not tell.  
Page: 105  
[37] Finally, Mr. Armstrong confirmed that MCAP is in the business of lending  
money, and what they are looking to do is lend money to people who have a capacity and  
a willingness to repay. The Crown asked Armstrong the hypothetical question: If he had  
known that the mortgage applications or supporting documentation contained false  
information, would he have approved the mortgages? He stated, no.  
Fabio Lupinetti - First Marathon Mortgage Corporation  
[38] Fabio Lupinetti has been employed with First Marathon Mortgage Corporation  
(now ING Direct Canada) (“First Marathon”) as a fraud investigator since 2003. In 2001,  
First Marathon was the lender as it relates to Counts 3, 4, 7, 8, 11, 13, and 14. Mr.  
Lupinetti has no personal knowledge of any of these mortgages and, in fact, was not even  
employed by First Marathon at the time these mortgages were approved.  
[39] Mr. Lupinetti indicated that the mortgage applications are sent to First Marathon  
through mortgage brokers and that it is an underwriter who approves the mortgage and  
also deals directly with the mortgage brokers. As indicated earlier, Mr. Lupinetti  
indicated that he had no personal knowledge or dealings with any of these matters, and  
that he was simply looking back at the documentation. He added that it was the policy at  
First Marathon that all communications between lawyers and First Marathon be in  
writing, but he could not comment if all of those communications were in fact in writing  
or if they would have taken place over the phone.  
[40] In relation to Count 8, Mr. Lupinetti was asked why the underwriter would have  
required a second void cheque to be sent when there had been one sent the previous day,  
and he stated he had no idea. The documentation shows that the mortgages in relation to  
Counts 3, 4, and 7 were authorized by the same individual and that the mortgages in  
relation to Counts 8, 11, 13, and 14 were all authorized by another individual. Also, the  
Crown asked Mr. Lupinetti the hypothetical question: If he had known that the mortgage  
applications or supporting documentation contained false information, would he have  
approved the mortgages? He stated, no.  
Tanya Welsh - Bank of Montreal  
[41] Tanya Welsh is an employee of the Bank of Montreal (“BMO”) and currently the  
area manager for the business group. She indicated that as a result of her employment she  
is familiar with the policy and lending practice of BMO, as are all of the employees.  
BMO was the lender as it relates to Counts 5, 9, 10, 17, 19, 20, 21, 22, 29, 30, and 35.  
Ms. Welsh had no personal involvement with any of these mortgages. She stated that if  
the mortgage application is through a branch of BMO as opposed to a mortgage broker  
channel, she expects that the application would be reviewed and approved by the  
financial service manager at the branch. The financial service manager would deal  
directly with the borrower and confirm that all of the information and documentation is  
true and accurate, and then either approve or deny the mortgage.  
Page: 106  
[42] Mortgage applications through the broker channel would be sent to Toronto for  
approval. It should be noted that Counts 5, 10, 17, 20, 21, and 22 were mortgage  
applications made at the branch level, specifically the Meadowlark Safeway in-store  
branch. The branch lender manager at the Edmonton Meadowlark mall branch was Brian  
King. Ms. Welsh stated that the employees at the in-store locations (such as the  
Meadowlark Safeway or Heritage Mall in Edmonton), whether they be financial service  
managers approving mortgages or the branch manager approving mortgages, were on a  
salary base but also received bonus incentives. She stated that there was a volume bonus,  
meaning that if you met certain targets there would be a bonus involved. Further, the  
targets were in relation to the amount of business booked by the particular bank  
employee.  
[43] Ms. Welsh stated that the employees of BMO are expected to comply with the  
policies of the bank. However, she also agreed that at various levels of lending there is  
discretion with the individual making the decision to approve the mortgage. For example,  
the persons approving the mortgages have the discretion to offer the prospective  
borrower cash back. She stated that this discretion remains with the individual who  
approves the mortgage, so as to be competitive. The cash back incentive is a percentage  
of the actual mortgage amount, which is returned to the borrower to do whatever they  
want with it.  
[44] The Crown asked Ms. Welsh the hypothetical question: If she had known that the  
mortgage applications or supporting documentation contained false information, would  
she have approved the mortgages? She stated, no. Yet, it is interesting to note, as an  
example, that in relation to questions involving Count 10, BMO would hope and expect  
to be told of all existing mortgages in the name of the borrower at the time of the current  
mortgage application. When asked what would happen if BMO was not apprised of all of  
the mortgages in the name of the prospective borrower, Ms. Welsh stated, “It would  
change the outcome. We may not be able to proceed.” Further, when asked if the  
borrower, in relation to Count 10, had contributed no money towards the purchase of the  
property, and the person selling the property was not selling it for $120,000 but selling it  
for $90,000, being the same amount as the mortgage, Ms. Welsh responded, “We may  
not want to proceed until we definitely got more detail on it.”  
[45] Another example is in relation to Count 30. When asked about what would  
happen if BMO had been made aware of an alleged forged or false Offer to Purchase and  
whether they would have advanced funds on the mortgage to the borrower, Ms. Welsh  
responded, “We would have needed to re-evaluate the full deal, so right now I would say  
no.”  
Janice Kucy - Toronto-Dominion Bank  
[46] Janice Kucy is an employee of the Toronto-Dominion Bank (“TD Bank”) and is  
the senior manager of the Western Credit Centre. TD Bank was the lender in relation to  
Page: 107  
Counts 12, 15, 18, 23, 24, 25, 27, 28, 32, 33, and 34. Ms. Kucy had no personal  
involvement with any of these mortgages.  
[47] TD Bank has two methods with regard to approving mortgages. The direct credit  
method deals with branch offices and in-store branches, where the employee approving  
the mortgage deals directly with the borrower. The indirect credit method deals with  
mortgage brokers who forward the applications to the Vancouver Credit Centre for  
approval. In the case of indirect credit, the employee approving the mortgage deals with  
the mortgage broker who in turn deals with the borrower to meet the conditions.  
[48] Ms. Kucy stated that the bank has internal rules and guidelines, and that there is  
an expectation that the employees who are approving the mortgages would follow them.  
Ms. Kucy talked about expectations. She also talked about the bank’s expectations over  
the four days of her testimony when responding to enquiries about whether the mortgage  
payments should be made by the borrower or whether the source of the down payments  
should come from the borrower. She responded that there was an expectation that both  
the down payments and mortgage payments would be from the borrower.  
[49] The Crown asked Ms. Kucy the hypothetical question: If she had known that the  
mortgage applications or supporting documentation contained false information, would  
she have approved the mortgages? Her response was no.  
[523] The senior employees of the lenders called by the Crown had no knowledge of or  
involvement in the approval of any of the mortgages in question. Further, they could not state  
what the employee who approved the mortgage knew or did not know, or what they did or did  
not do.  
[524] In addition to the outline of the internal lender policies, the lender witnesses stated that  
the first contact with the lender’s solicitor is usually when the solicitor’s instructions are  
provided by the lender. Further, the solicitor is not usually involved in the preliminary mortgage  
application process or approval process. However, there are occasions when the instructions to  
the solicitor require certain documentation to be obtained by the solicitor, to be forwarded to the  
lender even though the mortgage has already been approved.  
Case Law on the Elements of Fraud, Conspiracy and Party to a Conspiracy  
[525] Scott Park has been charged with conspiracy to commit fraud. As earlier indicated,  
although he was initially charged with individual counts of fraud, those charges were the subject  
of a successful application by defence for a directed verdict of acquittal. The elements of  
conspiracy to commit fraud and fraud, even in furtherance of a conspiracy, are quite different.  
[526] The actus reus of the offence of fraud is established by proof of the prohibited fraudulent  
act, and deprivation caused by the prohibited act, which may consist in actual loss or placing the  
victim's pecuniary interests at risk. The mens rea of fraud is established by proof of subjective  
Page: 108  
knowledge of the prohibited act, and subjective knowledge that the prohibited act could have as  
a consequence the deprivation of another: R. v. Théroux, [1993] 2 S.C.R. 5 at paras. 27 and 28.  
[527] Where the conduct and knowledge required by these definitions are established, the  
accused is guilty whether he actually intended the prohibited consequence or was reckless as to  
whether it would occur. It follows that wilful blindness will also suffice, where the accused is  
aware that certain facts may exist which would make the conduct a deceit or that there would be  
a deprivation caused by the act, but refrains from making inquiries so as to remain ignorant; in  
other words where the accused chose not to know: R. v. Sansregret, [1985] 1 S.C.R. 570 at p.  
584.  
[528] The essence of the crime of conspiracy is an agreement to accomplish an unlawful  
purpose. The actus reus of the offence is the agreement between the conspirators; it is not  
necessary that the unlawful object be attained: R. v. Sheppe, [1980] 2 S.C.R. 22 at 26.  
[529] The mens rea of conspiracy is the intention to enter into the agreement and knowledge of  
the terms of the agreement: R. v. Cotroni, [1979] 2 S.C.R. 256 at 276, R. v. Nova Scotia  
Pharmaceutical Society, [1992] 2 S.C.R. 606 at 659-60. Mere knowledge of, discussion of, or  
passive acquiescence in a plan of criminal conduct is not, of itself, sufficient to support a  
conviction for conspiracy: R. v. McNamara (No. 1) (1981), 56 C.C.C. (2d) 193 (Ont C.A.). It  
must be established that the accused adopted it and consented to participate in it: R. v.  
Lamontagne, [1999] J.Q. no 5416, 142 C.C.C. (3d) 561 (C.A.). It is not necessary for each  
member of the conspiracy to know all the details of the plan so long as the agreement includes  
substantially all the elements of the offence which is the object of the conspiracy: R. v. Roach,  
[2004] O.J. No. 2566, 192 C.C.C. (3d) 557 (C.A.).  
[530] The mens rea requirement for conspiracy may be satisfied where wilful blindness is  
established: R. v. Barbeau, [1996] J.Q. No. 1030, 110 C.C.C. (3d) 69 (C.A.). However, one  
cannot commit conspiracy by mere recklessness with respect to the object of the agreement when  
the discussions concern a variety of possible actions some of which are not of a criminal nature;  
recklessness may only be applied with respect to the method of execution of the agreement: R. v.  
Lessard (1982), (1984), 10 C.C.C. (3d) 61 (Que.C.A.), United States of America v. Tavormina  
(1996), 112 C.C.C. (3d) 563 at 568 (Que. C.A.), R. v. Lamontagne (1999), 142 C.C.C. (3d) 561  
at 576 (Que. C.A.), R. v. Roach, [2004] O.J. No. 2566, 192 C.C.C. (3d) 557 (C.A.).  
[531] Neither knowledge of nor participation in a criminal scheme can be equated with the  
actus reus of a conspiracy: R. v. Lamontagne (1999), 142 C.C.C. (3d) 561 at 575-76 (Que.  
C.A.), R. v. Cotroni, [1979] 2 S.C.R. 256 at pp. 17-8.  
[532] In Lamontagne, the trial judge found the accused knew that he was being asked to  
transport stolen goods, but preferred not to ask questions; he was wilfully blind. The judge found  
him guilty of possession of property obtained by crime and conspiracy with others with a view to  
such possession. There were no reasons given for the finding of guilt on conspiracy and it flowed  
simply by inference from the analysis of the evidence of theft. The Court of Appeal noted that  
the appellant learned of the existence of the items in question a few days after the conspiratorial  
Page: 109  
agreement was formed. The Court acknowledged that a person can become part of a conspiracy  
already underway, however in order to establish the intention to become a party to an existing  
conspiracy, it is not enough to prove that the accused knew about the illegal plan. It must be  
established that he adopted it and consented to participate in it. The Court noted that the crime of  
conspiracy cannot be committed by recklessness as to the object of the agreement, citing R. v.  
Lessard (1984), 10 C.C.C. (3d) 61 at 86 (Que.C.A.). As a result, the trial judge could not infer,  
from his sole conclusion that the appellant had committed the crime of transporting stolen goods,  
that he conspired with the others to commit the crime. It was not enough for the Crown to prove  
the appellant’s wilful blindness as to the illegal origin of his charge to prove that he participated  
voluntarily in a conspiracy. The Crown was obliged to prove that he agreed with the other  
conspirators to commit the crime and to participate in achieving that object.  
[533] However, it is important to note that the Crown may establish the actus reus and the  
mens rea of conspiracy by inference as opposed to direct evidence only: R. v. Aiello, (1978), 38  
C.C.C. (2d) 485 (Ont. C.A.), affirmed [1979] 2 S.C.R. 15, R. v. Gassyt (1998), 127 C.C.C. (3d)  
546 (Ont. C.A.), leave denied [1999] S.C.C.A. No. 143, R. v. Paradis, [1934] S.C.R. 165.  
Therefore, a conspiracy may be proven by evidence of overt acts and statements by the  
conspirators from which the prior agreement can be logically inferred. Only in very rare cases  
will it be possible to prove the agreement by direct evidence. The actual agreement must be  
gathered from circumstantial evidence - "several isolated doings" having possibly little or no  
value taken by themselves, but which must be evaluated in light of each other, and their  
cumulative effect, in the context of all the surrounding circumstances, may raise a presumption  
of concerted purpose entitling the trier of fact to find the existence of the unlawful agreement.  
Therefore, although the offence requires no overt act done in pursuance of the conspiracy to be  
established, a conspiracy is usually proved by reference to overt acts or declarations which  
appear to have been undertaken or made in concert and in furtherance of the conspiracy, from  
which a prior agreement can be logically inferred: R. v. Gassyt (1998), 127 C.C.C. (3d) 546  
(Ont. C.A.), leave denied [1999] S.C.C.A. No. 143, R. v. Paradis, [1934] S.C.R. 165. Any acts  
undertaken in furtherance of the commission of the offence and the commission of the offence  
itself would be evidence of the conspiracy: Germany v. Ebke, [2001] N.W.T.J. No. 61, 2001  
NWTSC 52, aff’d [2003] N.W.T.J. No. 49, 2003 NWTCA 1 at para. 133, leave denied [2003]  
S.C.C.A. No. 178.  
[534] On a charge of conspiracy to commit fraud, the alleged co-conspirator may be implicated  
by evidence of an agreement to commit the fraud, or as is more frequently the case,  
circumstantial evidence of statements and overt acts which are consistent with, and taken  
together raise a presumption of, a concerted purpose which then may lead the trier of fact to infer  
the existence of and participation in an agreement to commit a fraudulent act. Such an agreement  
would necessarily contemplate a fraudulent act resulting in loss or risk of loss to a victim, and  
subjective knowledge of the prohibited act and of its nefarious consequence.  
[535] It is not necessary that a fraud be committed in order to find a conspiracy to commit  
fraud. If the Crown attempts to establish the conspiracy on the basis of fraudulent acts, those acts  
may be established in the usual way, including through establishing at least a state of mind of  
Page: 110  
recklessness as to whether the fraud would occur. This, along with other acts and/or declarations  
may then become the basis for an inference that the accused entered into an agreement to commit  
fraud. However the trier of fact in such a case nevertheless would need to find, in relation to the  
charge of conspiracy, that the accused intended to enter into the agreement to commit fraud or  
entered into it with suspicions raised that it was an agreement to commit fraud, but failed to  
make any inquiries so as to remain ignorant. In this context, recklessness would come into play,  
but only with respect to the method of execution of the agreement and not with respect to the  
adherence to the agreement itself.  
[536] In a case such as Lamontagne, where the conspiratorial agreement was formed by others,  
and evidence established only that the accused was wilfully blind as to a fraudulent act in which  
he later participated, this may well not be enough upon which to infer adherence to the  
conspiracy. It would be even less cogent where the accused had been reckless. However, such  
evidence along with other evidence may be capable of raising an inference that the accused  
adhered to the conspiracy, i.e. that he agreed with the other conspirators to commit the crime and  
to participate in achieving that object.  
[537] Section 21(1) of the Criminal Code provides in part:  
(1) Every one is a party to an offence who  
...  
(b)  
does or omits to do anything for the purpose of  
aiding any person to commit it; or  
(c)  
abets any person in committing it.  
[538] A party to an offence aids the principal in the commission of an offence and must  
perform acts or omissions for the purpose of aiding the commission of that offence: R. v.  
Hibbert, [1995] 2 S.C.R. 973 at paras. 26, 39. To be a party, a person must have some  
knowledge of the essential nature of the offence to be committed: R. v. Adams (1989), 33 O.A.C.  
148 at para. 31.  
[539] Only actual knowledge or wilful blindness will suffice for party liability under s.  
21(1)(b): R. v. F. W. Woolworth Co. Ltd. (1974), 18 C.C.C. (2d) 23 at 34 (Ont. C.A.), R. v.  
McDaid (1974), 19 C.C.C. (2d) 572 (Ont. C.A.), R. v. Dunlop, [1979] 2 S.C.R. 881 at 111.  
Recklessness does not satisfy the mens rea of such liability because the term “purpose” in s.  
21(1)(b) is synonymous with intent and does not include recklessness: Roach, Hibbert, K.  
Roach, Criminal Law, 2d ed. (Toronto: Irwin Law Inc., 2000) at pp. 113-114 and 136.  
[540] There is some case law which may be interpreted as suggesting that the actus reus may  
be committed where an accused aids or abets in the accomplishment of the conspiracy’s  
unlawful object.  
[541] In R. v. McNamara (No. 1) (1981), 56 C.C.C. (2d) 193 (Ont C.A.), a company and two  
of its officers were convicted of conspiracy in relation to bid-rigging. The evidence indicated  
Page: 111  
that two appellants had not known of the conspiracy at the time their company granted an option  
which was found to provide for payment in return for failing to submit a lower bid. In setting  
aside the conviction, the Ontario Court of Appeal noted at para. 650 that the appellants could be  
participants in the conspiracy only if, at the time the company entered into the option agreement,  
they knew of and adhered to the existing conspiracy. Evidence of what occurred later might be  
circumstantial evidence of their knowledge and intention at that time, but would not support an  
inference of a subsequent adherence. On the other hand, if, at any time before the object of the  
conspiracy had been attained, that is, the receipt of the contract money from the Crown, they  
abetted or encouraged any of the conspirators to pursue its object, they would become parties to  
the criminal offence of conspiracy by virtue of s. 21 of the Code.  
[542] In R. v. Taylor (1984), 40 C.R. (3d) 222 (B.C.S.C.), Toy J. expressed doubt that one can  
aid or abet a conspiracy. He rationalized McNamara by stating that the object of the alleged  
conspiracy in that case was fulfilled and therefore, if the accused at some point gained  
knowledge of the conspiracy and aided or abetted the completion of the substantive offence, this  
would be cogent evidence that they had become members of the conspiracy.  
[543] In R. v. Hastings, [1996] O.J. No. 4102, 16 O.T.C. 161 (Gen.Div.) a solicitor was on trial  
for fraud involving residential purchases. He was the solicitor for the purchasers and mortgagees.  
The defence was that the accused's actions lacked the criminal intent required for fraud. The  
court found that the accused was not aware of the fraudulent conduct. Donnelly J. at para. 22  
found that it had been proved beyond a reasonable doubt that the fraud charged in the indictment  
did exist at the instance of two others, but there was no evidence that the accused was a  
participant in concocting or encouraging that scheme, and therefore no issue of abetting arose;  
there was no issue of common design.  
[544] In assessing in R. v. Kemp, [1998] O.J. No. 2042, 65 O.T.C. 132 (Gen.Div.) whether s.  
21(1) applied on a charge of conspiracy to traffic, Salhany J. noted that the accused did an act for  
the purpose of aiding Beck to commit the offence of trafficking, namely introducing the agent to  
Beck and telling Beck that it was all right to do business with him. However, the accused was  
not charged with trafficking, but rather with conspiracy with Beck to traffic. In acquitting the  
accused, Salhany J. held that the essence of the offence of conspiracy is the agreement to traffic.  
If there was a conspiracy it was between Beck and another and that agreement was formed after  
the accused's actions which were in furtherance of Beck's trafficking.  
[545] The accused in R. v. Vucetic (1998), 129 C.C.C. (3d) 178 (Ont. C.A.) was convicted of  
conspiracy to import cocaine into Canada and to traffic in cocaine. The Court of Appeal, citing  
McNamara, rejected the argument that a person can only be found guilty of conspiracy if he  
actually commits it and cannot be guilty of aiding or abetting a conspiracy. The Court stated at  
para. 7 that the jury would have to be instructed that in order to find the accused guilty as an  
aider and abettor it would have to find that the appellant knew the object of the conspiracy and  
that his assistance was intended to assist the conspirators in attaining their unlawful criminal  
object.  
Page: 112  
[546] In R. v. Bérubé (1999), 139 C.C.C. (3d) 304 (Que. C.A.) the accused were convicted on a  
charge of conspiracy to keep common gaming houses. They had agreed between themselves to  
provide gambling machines to the owners of a certain premises and to advise them on how to  
avoid detection by the police. It was argued on appeal that the accused would have had to be able  
to exert a certain control over the care and management of the locales and participate in the  
illegal gaming activities to be convicted. The Quebec Court of Appeal upheld the conviction,  
citing McNamara for the proposition that one can be found guilty of conspiracy to commit an  
indictable offence by encouraging someone to become a member of the conspiracy.  
[547] In R. v. Roach, [2004] O.J. No. 2566, 192 C.C.C. (3d) 557 (C.A.), the appellant was  
convicted of fraud and conspiracy to commit fraud. The trial progressed on the basis that he was  
a party under s. 21(1)(b) to telemarketing fraud engaged in by Dube, by opening a bank account,  
obtaining a mailbox, collecting the mail, depositing the money orders in the bank account,  
purchasing merchandise and distributing prizes, and that he did all of these things at Dube's  
request. Borins J.A. for the Court concluded after reviewing the jurisprudence that the mens rea  
for party liability in s. 21(1)(b) is met if the accused assists the principal in the commission of  
the offence, and intends to do so, although it is not necessary that the aider know all the details of  
the crime committed. It is sufficient that the aider was aware of the type of crime to be  
committed and knew the circumstances necessary to constitute the crime that he or she is  
accused of aiding. However, this comment was made in relation to party liability relating to the  
fraud, and was not fully explored in relation to the conspiracy charge.  
[548] In R. v. Alexander, [2005] O.J. No. 3777, 202 O.A.C. 54, leave denied [2005] S.C.C.A.  
No. 526, Alexander was alleged to have used the facilities of a private investigation firm to  
pursue investigations against individuals with whom he had ongoing litigation or personal  
disputes. Blake was alleged to have been involved in the hiring of operatives on behalf of  
Alexander. Alexander was convicted of: conspiring with Blake to extort PG, extorting MM, and  
conspiring with an unidentified co-conspirator to extort PM. Blake was convicted on charges of  
conspiring with Alexander to extort PG and conspiring with various unindicted co-conspirators,  
including Alexander, to extort MC. Both appellants submitted that the Crown failed to produce  
evidence from which it could be reasonably inferred that Alexander or Blake agreed with any of  
the alleged co-conspirators to commit the particular extortions alleged.  
[549] Blake argued that although there was evidence that he assisted Alexander in enlisting,  
paying and de-briefing the operatives, there was no evidence that Blake knew, much less agreed  
to the plan to use surreptitiously taken videotapes of sexual encounters between the operatives  
and the targets to extort money from the targets. Alexander submitted that while the evidence  
may demonstrate that he had a plan to surreptitiously record individuals engaged in sexual  
activity and to use the product of those activities to recover money from the targets, there was no  
evidence that Blake or others had any knowledge of his plan, much less had agreed to it with him  
and that he could not be convicted of conspiracy absent proof that he agreed with at least one of  
the alleged co-conspirators to commit the crime alleged in the particular count in the indictment.  
Page: 113  
[550] Doherty J.A. for the Court accepted these submissions, noting that neither knowledge of  
nor participation in a criminal scheme can be equated with the actus reus of a conspiracy, citing  
R. v. Lamontagne (1999), 142 C.C.C. (3d) 561 at 575-76 (Que. C.A.) and R. v. Cotroni, [1979]  
2 S.C.R. 256 at pp. 17-8. However, he noted that knowledge and acts in furtherance of a criminal  
scheme do provide evidence, particularly where they co-exist, from which the existence of an  
agreement may be inferred. Absent a true consensus to achieve a mutual criminal objective, the  
rationale for the crime of conspiracy cannot justify criminalizing joint conduct that falls short of  
an attempt to commit the substantive crime.  
[551] As for the alleged conspiracy between Alexander and the operative Y.A., the most that  
could be said was that Y.A. knew that Alexander was up to no good and planned to use the  
videotapes of Y.A. and P.M. for some nefarious purpose. That knowledge could not be equated  
with a meeting of the minds pursuant to which each agreed to jointly work towards the criminal  
objective of extorting P.M.  
[552] Regarding an alleged conspiracy among Blake and three unindicted co-conspirators,  
including Alexander to extort the accountant, M.C., Doherty J.A. found that the evidence could  
not reasonably support the inference that Blake knew of Alexander's plan and more importantly,  
that Blake and Alexander had agreed that the plan should go forward and M.C. be extorted in the  
manner described by the trial judge. At the highest, the facts demonstrated that Blake, as  
Alexander’s employee, performed certain tasks that furthered Alexander’s plan to pressure M.C.  
into paying him money by threatening public disclosure of the contents of embarrassing  
videotapes. On the totality of the evidence, the acts done by Blake did not reasonably permit the  
inference that he conspired with Alexander to bring about the extortion of M.C.  
[553] In relation to count three which alleged that Alexander and Blake conspired with the  
unindicted co-conspirator, R.S, there was evidence that Alexander had a plan to put his former  
friend and business associate, P.G., in a compromising sexual situation, videotape that situation  
and use the product to extort money from P.G., and that Blake recruited the operative, paid her  
and drove her home after her meeting with P.G. However, the trial judge did not deal separately  
with either Blake's knowledge of the object of the conspiracy or his adherence to that object.  
There was no evidence to support a finding that Blake was aware of Alexander’s intended use of  
the videotapes or that Blake mutually agreed with Alexander to bring about that criminal  
objective. All that could be said was that Blake, as Alexander’s employee, did things which  
furthered Alexander’s criminal plan. Doherty J.A. stated that this did not make Blake a  
conspirator.  
[554] The accused in R. v. Helsdon, 2007 ONCA 54, 84 O.R. (3d) 544 was convicted of being  
a party to publication contempt. Helsdon was a print journalist who reported on a sexual assault  
trial, naming the complainant in an article that was subsequently published on the front page of a  
newspaper in breach of a publication ban. At the time the article was published, neither the  
accused nor anyone else at the newspaper was aware of the ban. The publisher was subsequently  
convicted and Helsdon was acquitted of contempt. The judge found Helsdon was neither a  
principal nor perpetrator of the offence of publishing the article, concluding there was no  
evidence that he was in a position to make decisions about what was published by the  
Page: 114  
newspaper. The judge also rejected the Crown's argument that Helsdon was guilty as a party to  
the offence, as the judge was not satisfied he and the publisher shared a common intention. The  
Crown successfully appealed from this portion of the judgment, and a conviction was entered  
against Helsdon as a party to the offence.  
[555] On appeal to the Court of Appeal, O'Connor A.C.J.O for the Court restored Helsdon’s  
acquittal on the ground that the notion that Helsdon could be a party to the offence without  
subjective intent was not reasonable. The Crown argued that the mens rea for the principal  
offence of publication contempt involved only an objective test and the mens rea for an aider to  
that offence should not be higher than that for the principal. Reviewing a number of cases  
including Roach, O’Connor A.C.J.O held that the notion of an objective mental element was  
completely inconsistent with the expressed requirement of "purpose" in s. 21(1)(b). Importing an  
interpretation that would require a lesser mens rea for an aider so as to mirror the mens rea for  
the principal offence would require ignoring or reading down the plain language contained in s.  
21(1)(b). He cited at para. 35 K. Roach in Criminal Law, 3d ed. (Toronto: Irwin Law Inc., 2004)  
at 155 for the proposition that it makes sense to require a high form of mens rea for those  
charged with offences they do not actually commit:  
Proof of purpose is required under the various parties provisions in the Criminal  
Code. As examined in the last chapter, these provisions can make a person guilty  
of an offence even though he or she did not actually commit the offence and thus  
it makes sense to require a fairly high level of mens rea. Section 21(1)(b) requires  
a party to do or omit "to do anything for the purpose of aiding any person" to  
commit an offence, and section 21(2) requires the formation of an "unlawful  
purpose." Similarly, attempts require "an intent to commit the offence," and an  
accessory after the fact must act for the purpose of enabling a known criminal to  
escape. The more peripheral the accused's involvement to the completed crime,  
the more sense it makes to require a higher form of subjective mens rea.  
[556] O’Connor A.C.J.O recognized that the Court in R. v. Jackson, [1993] 4 S.C.R. 573  
applied, at least in part, an objective test to the mens rea required for the offence of unlawful act  
manslaughter. However, he did not read that case to stand for the general proposition that only  
an objective mens rea is required for aiding or abetting all crimes with an objective mens rea. In  
order to found a conviction for unlawful act manslaughter, as an aider or abettor to murder, it  
would still be necessary to establish that an accused did or omitted to do something for the  
purpose of aiding the principal to commit the offence of which the principal stands charged,  
which is the actus reus of the offence. To do so, it would be necessary for an accused to have  
knowledge of the circumstances or facts that constitute the principal's unlawful act and only then  
could it be said that the accused was doing or omitting to do something for the purpose of  
committing the offence as required by ss. 21(1)(b) or (c).  
[557] O’Connor A.C.J.O noted that s. 21(1)(c) does not specifically include a requirement that  
abetting be "for the purpose" of encouraging the commission of an offence. However, in order to  
found a conviction under para. (c), the Crown must prove that an accused intended that his or her  
Page: 115  
words or acts encourage the principal: R. v. Curran (1977), 38 C.C.C. (2d) 151 (Alta. C.A.),  
leave to appeal to S.C.C. refused, 38 C.C.C. (2d) 151n. (January 24, 1978). O’Connor A.C.J.O  
noted that despite the difference in the wording between the two paragraphs, the courts  
commonly treat the mens rea requirement for aiders and abettors as being the same. Thus, his  
analysis with respect to s. 21(1)(b) applied equally to the appeal judge's finding on s. 21(1)(c).  
[558] In R. v. Lam, [2005] A.J. No. 1573, 2005 ABQB 849 the accused operated a small  
business selling cellular phones and sold phones to five cocaine trafficking conspirators. He  
knew the conspirators were engaged in drug trafficking, that they worked as a group and that the  
phones were used in the trafficking operation. He was charged with conspiracy to traffic in  
cocaine but not with trafficking in cocaine. In addition to selling phones, Trieu provided other  
services such as extending credit, covering deposits, paying phone bills and allowing his  
business address to be used as the address of customers. The conspirators were not Trieu's only  
customers and the conspirators had phones purchased from other suppliers. Sometimes Trieu  
misrepresented information to cellular service providers and sometimes he named as the  
subscriber someone other than the person present when the subscription was sold. Trieu resisted  
a police officer’s attempts to persuade him to facilitate a drug transaction. An intercepted  
telephone conversation recorded Trieu giving the telephone number for one of the conspirators  
to a person who claimed he had been cheated by the conspirator in a drug transaction.  
[559] The Crown at trial urged Burrows J. to infer that Trieu was a conspirator because: he  
knew the conspirators were members of a conspiracy, he facilitated the operations of the drug  
organization by providing phone service, his actions were designed to insulate himself or the  
conspirators from police detection, and he used language suggesting close ties to the  
organization and its activities. The trial judge found that the level of service Trieu provided to  
the conspirators did not support the inference that he conspired with them to engage in drug  
trafficking. He accepted Trieu's evidence that his purpose was not to insulate the conspirators  
from detection.  
[560] Burrows J. considered case law on the issue and concluded that to be guilty as an aider of  
conspiracy pursuant to s. 21(1)(b) one would have to have aided another person to commit the  
act which constitutes the offence of conspiracy: agreeing. In other words, one would have to  
have aided or abetted a conspirator to enter the conspiratorial agreement. One could be guilty as  
a party if it were proved that he aided or abetted someone to join the conspiracy after its initial  
formation. On this analysis, conduct which aids or abets the commission of the offence which is  
the object of the conspiracy is not sufficient to make him a party to the offence of conspiracy.  
Burrows J. noted that neither McNamara nor Vucetic considered the distinction.  
[561] On appeal from that decision (R. v. Trieu (2008), 89 Alta. L.R. (4d) 85 (C.A.)) Costigan  
J.A. for the Court reasoned:  
- the essence of the crime of conspiracy is an agreement to accomplish an unlawful  
purpose  
Page: 116  
- the actus reus of the offence is the agreement between the conspirators  
- the mens rea of the offence of conspiracy is the intention to enter the  
agreement and knowledge of the terms of the agreement  
- attaining the unlawful object of the agreement is not a requisite element of  
the offence  
- the substantive crime which is the object of the agreement is not a lesser  
or included offence in the conspiracy  
- therefore, there is a clear distinction between aiding the substantive  
offence and conspiring to commit that offence  
- to be a party to an offence, a person must aid the principal in the  
commission of that offence and must perform acts or omissions for the  
purpose of aiding the commission of that offence  
- to be a party, a person must have some knowledge of the essential nature  
of the offence to be committed.  
[562] Costigan J.A. concluded that for Trieu to be a party to the offence of conspiracy to traffic  
in cocaine, the Crown had to prove that Trieu performed acts for the purpose of aiding the  
formation of an agreement to traffic in cocaine. Acts performed after the agreement was formed  
did not aid in the commission of the offence of conspiracy on the facts of that case. Therefore,  
Trieu could not be a party to the offence of conspiracy for facilitating the conspirators in  
attaining their object of trafficking in cocaine. Although acts performed after the agreement was  
reached could have aided in the commission of the offence of trafficking, Trieu was not charged  
with the offence of trafficking. Costigan J.A. opined that in an ongoing conspiracy where parties  
come and go, party liability can arise after the initial agreement is formed if, for example, a  
person aids another to join the agreement. However, no such allegation was advanced against  
Trieu.  
[563] The Court in R. v. Pasquin, [2009] J.Q. No. 1712, 2009 QCCQ 1916, leave to appeal  
granted 2009 QCCA 729 considered Trieu. That case involved a trafficking conspiracy. Pasquin,  
a lawyer, submitted that he had not participated in any way in the alleged crimes and that he  
communicated with the perpetrators for professional reasons only. St. Cyr J. reviewed numerous  
cases, observing that in order to convict on a charge of conspiracy, there must be evidence or an  
inference that the person intends to join with the others and participate with them in the  
realization of the illegal goal. Aiding and abetting under s. 21(b) and (c) do not require the  
existence of a conspiracy, but those who conspire do abet each other in committing an offence.  
[564] St. Cyr J. noted that the different manners of committing an offence under s. 21 apply  
also to conspiracy, although some decisions advocate an approach centered on the idea of the  
Page: 117  
agreement (Trieu, Bérubé), whereas others (McNamara, Vucetic) expand the concept to include  
aiding or abetting the substantive crime which is a goal of the conspiracy. St. Cyr J. noted that  
there may be situations where the participation is strictly on the level of the agreement and where  
the illegal object is not realized. In other cases, the aiding and abetting may relate not only to the  
formation of the agreement, but also to the realization of the common illegal goal. Finally, in  
certain cases it will be possible only to find complicity in the execution of the illegal object.  
[565] St. Cyr J. found that Pasquin had tailored his evidence regarding his contacts with the co-  
accused in order to plead ignorance, but this position was undermined by other evidence. She  
found that a conspiracy existed, that Pasquin initiated meetings between two co-accused, and  
that he knew from the outset the nature of their relationship. He did not want his residence to  
serve as a storage place for the cocaine, but, despite his knowledge of the conspiracy, he  
permitted one co-accused to reside in his house, ensured contact between co-accused, and gave  
advice. There was never a deterioration in the relationship between the other two co-accused, nor  
any change in Pasquin’s manner of dealing with them. From the evidence, she found the  
following were established:  
- meetings between co-accused at Pasquin’s residence  
- surprise by a co-accused that Pasquin had not advised the other of his  
absence for several days  
- comings and goings by co-accused from Pasquin’s residence on a certain  
date, followed by a seizure of cocaine  
- one of the co-accused stated he had had a meeting with the lawyer and that  
the two of them had an idea  
- the same day the co-accused spoke of an “evaluation,” stating that he had  
spent several hours with the lawyer, clearly Pasquin, and that they just had  
a plan that would recommence business as soon as possible  
- the co-accused discussed legal advice given by Pasquin for the drafting of  
certain documents and agreed to meet at his office the next day.  
[566] St. Cyr J. stated that membership in a conspiracy requires more than knowledge and  
approval of its existence; the accused’s conduct must permit the Court to infer an intention to  
join the conspirators and to participate in the realization of the illegal object. This participation  
can manifest itself as aiding or abetting, but generally those who conspire encourage each other  
to commit an offence. St. Cyr J. found that Pasquin not only permitted the meeting of the two co-  
accused, but also facilitated the elaboration of their project and encouraged its realization. He  
contributed to the realization of the agreement and supervised its successful operation for several  
months. He facilitated the supply of drugs of Dauphin’s organization through Russell on  
numerous occasions and thereby contributed to the conspiracy’s attainment of its objects. He  
also took steps toward the continuation of the organization’s operations despite the seizure. She  
concluded that he was guilty on the charge, among others, of conspiracy to traffic.  
[567] To summarize, as mentioned above, an alleged co-conspirator who is part of a conspiracy  
to commit fraud may be implicated by direct evidence of an agreement to commit the fraud, or,  
Page: 118  
more frequently, by circumstantial evidence of statements and overt acts which are consistent  
with, and taken together raise a presumption of a concerted purpose which then may lead the  
trier of fact to infer the existence of and participation in an agreement to commit a fraudulent act.  
Such an agreement would necessarily contemplate a fraudulent act resulting in loss or risk of  
loss to a victim, and subjective knowledge of the prohibited act and of its nefarious consequence.  
[568] If the Crown attempts to establish guilt for conspiracy to commit fraud on the basis of  
fraudulent acts, those acts may be established in the usual way, including through establishing at  
least a state of mind of recklessness as to whether the fraud would occur. However the trier of  
fact nevertheless would need to find, in relation to the charge of conspiracy, that the accused  
intended to enter into the agreement to commit fraud or entered into it with suspicions raised that  
it was an agreement to commit fraud, but failed to make any inquiries so as to remain ignorant  
(wilful blindness). In this context, recklessness could come into play, but only with respect to the  
method of execution of the agreement and not with respect to the adherence to the agreement  
itself.  
[569] To be a party to an offence, a person must have some knowledge of the essential nature  
of the offence to be committed, but not necessarily knowledge of all of the details. Only actual  
subjective knowledge or wilful blindness will suffice for party liability under s. 21(1), regardless  
of the mens rea requirements for the offence which was aided or abetted. Therefore, an accused  
cannot be convicted on the basis of being a party to the offence of fraud where nothing more  
than recklessness has been established.  
[570] Trieu is binding on this Court. Therefore, in order to find liability as a party to  
conspiracy under s. 21(1), the accused must have aided or abetted in the formation of the  
agreement, for example by encouraging someone to become a member of the conspiracy, or by  
otherwise facilitating the formation of the agreement. Such aiding or abetting may occur after the  
original agreement is formed, but must relate to the agreement itself.  
[571] However, actual intent or wilful blindness regarding a conspiracy and its nature, along  
with acts which abetted or encouraged any of the conspirators to pursue its object may be  
evidence that the accused had in fact become a member of the conspiracy.  
[572] Various fact scenarios may arise in relation to the above issues. Where it is established  
that a conspiracy to commit fraud existed and that acts of fraud were realized consistent with that  
conspiracy, a peripheral player’s acts and intent must be carefully scrutinized in order to  
determine liability.  
[573] Where the evidence establishes that the player committed or aided and abetted in  
committing one or more fraudulent acts, it must be determined whether that evidence, taken  
together with all of the other evidence, raises an inference that the player adopted and consented  
to participate in the conspiratorial agreement leading to a conviction on conspiracy. Logically,  
such an inference will be more easily drawn where the individual committed the fraudulent act  
Page: 119  
contemplated by the conspiratorial agreement than where the individual aided or abetted another  
to do so.  
[574] Liability may also be established where the aiding or abetting relates to the formation of  
or adherence of others to the agreement. As there is little case law on this issue, the examples are  
mostly hypothetical; however, facilitating meetings between others in order to further a  
conspiratorial agreement between them would presumably fall in this category. It is likely,  
however, that involvement of this type along with other acts and declarations will give rise to an  
inference of adherence by the individual to the conspiracy itself. Failing such an inference, it  
may be that courts will be hesitant to find that circumstantial evidence including this type of  
involvement justifies a finding of guilt as a party to conspiracy, and therefore it may be that  
findings of liability on such a basis will be rare. However, such a finding may be possible in an  
appropriate fact situation.  
[575] In all cases, the individual may be convicted where mens rea in the form of wilful  
blindness has been established, but recklessness is only available in relation to the manner of  
execution of the conspiracy, i.e. the execution of the fraudulent act itself.  
Case Law on Hearsay in Relation to a Charge of Conspiracy  
[576] Sopinka in The Law of Evidence in Canada, 2nd ed. (Markham, Ont.: Butterworths,  
1999) at p. 173 defines hearsay as written or oral statements, or communicative conduct made by  
persons otherwise than in testimony at the proceeding in which it is offered. Such evidence is  
inadmissible, if tendered either as proof of its truth or as proof of assertions implicit therein. As  
Charron J. Explained in R. v. Khelawon, [2006] 2 S.C.R. 787, 2006 SCC 57, the essential  
defining features of hearsay are: (1) the fact that the statement is adduced to prove the truth of its  
contents, and (2) the absence of a contemporaneous opportunity to cross-examine the declarant.  
[577] Sopinka J. for the majority in R. v. Evans, [1993] 3 S.C.R. 653 at para. 16 explained that  
an out-of-court statement offered simply as proof that the statement was made is not hearsay, and  
is admissible as long as it has some probative value. He went on to state at para. 23 that the  
admission of evidence in those circumstances is justified because the only issue is whether the  
statement was made, and the veracity, perception and memory of the witness relating the  
statement can be fully tested by cross-examination. Since the truth of the declarant's assertion is  
not in issue, deprivation of the right to cross-examine the declarant, on which rejection of  
hearsay is premised, is of no consequence.  
[578] Further, Sopinka J. explained at para. 24 that the rationale for admitting admissions has a  
different basis than other exceptions to the hearsay rule. Its admissibility rests on the theory that  
what a party has previously stated can be admitted against the party in whose mouth it does not  
lie to complain of the unreliability of his own statements.  
Page: 120  
[579] Statements of co-conspirators have long been held to form an exception to the hearsay  
rule. The Supreme Court in R. v. Mapara, 2005 SCC 23, [2005] 1 S.C.R. 358 held that the  
co-conspirator's exception to the hearsay rule as set out in R. v. Carter,[1982] 1 S.C.R. 938  
meets the necessity and reliability requirements of the principled approach to hearsay. Carter  
allows the trier of fact to consider a co-conspirator's hearsay statement made in furtherance of  
the conspiracy only after he or she has found (1) beyond a reasonable doubt, that the conspiracy  
existed, and (2) based only on direct evidence against the accused, that the accused was probably  
a member of it. The Carter approach is not without its problems. The Court in R. v. Smith, 2007  
NSCA 19, 216 C.C.C. (3d) 490 at paras. 189 to 190, noted that the distinction between hearsay  
and non-hearsay is difficult to draw in conspiracy cases because certain acts and declarations of  
co-conspirators may constitute original circumstantial evidence of the existence of the  
conspiracy, but these same acts and declarations may be hearsay for the purposes of proving who  
were members of the conspiracy.  
Issues  
[580] Scott Park did not testify. Some of the evidence concerning him amounts to hearsay of  
others, including alleged co-conspirators. Therefore, this Court must make the following  
preliminary determinations:  
1) Has the Crown established beyond a reasonable doubt that the conspiracy existed?  
2) If so, has the Crown established, based only on direct evidence against Scott Park,  
that he was probably a member of it?  
[581] The Court's determinations on the above issues will determine the evidence which may  
be considered in relation to the next issues:  
3) Has the Crown established beyond a reasonable doubt that Scott Park committed the  
offence of conspiracy to commit fraud?  
4) Alternatively, has the Crown established beyond a reasonable doubt that Scott Park  
performed acts for the purpose of aiding the formation of an agreement to commit  
fraud?  
Has the Crown established that a conspiracy existed and that Scott Park was probably a  
member of the conspiracy?  
Crown's Position  
Page: 121  
[582] The Crown submits, and the defence concedes, that a conspiracy to commit fraud existed  
and that the prime mover in this conspiracy was Pervez. They differ, however, as to the  
membership of the conspiracy. The Crown argues that direct evidence against Scott Park  
establishes that he was a member of the Pervez conspiracy.  
[583] The Crown submits that the evidence of Kerry Novac, Tony Germsheid and Gregory  
Coates support the inference that Scott Park endeavoured to or did recruit individuals to obtain  
mortgage financing based on false representations. Bindon's evidence that her numbered  
company purchased properties without providing any cash to close supports the inference that  
Scott Park was subjectively aware that the sellers of the properties did not provide any cash to  
close to Bindon's numbered company. Further, Bindon's evidence that she was obtaining  
mortgage financing upon providing false representations regarding down payments supports the  
inference that Scott Park was aware of this.  
[584] The Crown also points to the evidence of Monahan, Beverly Haugh, Sheila Holloway,  
Michael Albert, Jayne Sluchinski and Royston Frederick as supporting the inference that Scott  
Park presented to them material for their signatures knowing that the materials contained false  
representations. Similarly, the evidence of Keith Rayner supports the inference that Scott Park  
was aware of false representations of owner occupancy in the mortgage applications.  
[585] The Crown relies on the evidence of David Scorgie as supporting the inference that Scott  
Park was aware of and admitted his breach of duty of disclosure to the lender of Bindon, yet  
proceeded to request funds in the face of that knowledge.  
[586] Further, the evidence that Scott Park's company Lex Notitia assumed the mortgages of  
persons involved in this conspiracy without providing cash to close supports the inference that  
Park believed that the mortgagors obtained mortgage financing predicated upon false  
representations of a down payment. The evidence that Scott Park acted for numbered companies  
that assumed mortgages without providing cash to close supports the inference that Scott Park  
believed that these mortgagors obtained mortgage financing predicated upon false  
representations of a down payment.  
[587] The Crown submits that the trust ledgers demonstrate that Scott Park credited Pervez  
with funds from the sale of property even when Pervez was not the vendor of the property, which  
supports the inference that Scott Park was aware of the true illegal nature of all of these  
transactions.  
Analysis  
[588] Defence counsel has conceded that the conspiracy existed. Indeed, the fact of the  
existence of a conspiracy and the general outlines of the illegal scheme are, generally speaking,  
the elements of the testimony of the various witnesses which were in corroboration and which  
were corroborated by the related documentation.  
Page: 122  
[589] Therefore, the first determination that the Court must make is whether Scott Park was  
probably a member of it. The basic conspiracy in question was a scam whereby Pervez and  
others would purchase property, do some superficial renovations, obtain a favourable evaluation  
and flip the property in order to obtain mortgage proceeds. I have found that the co-conspirators  
included some of the witnesses in this trial: Monahan, Kahlon, Caroca, Rashid, Quadri and  
Bindon.  
[590] In determining whether Scott Park was probably a member of this conspiracy, the Court  
is only entitled to consider direct evidence of what Scott Park did and said in the context of the  
conspiracy to commit fraud.  
[591] Although several of the co-conspirators committed several illegal acts, including forgery,  
I am satisfied beyond a reasonable doubt that the signatures on the Scott Park trust or general  
cheques or Lex Notitia cheques are his.  
[592] In relation to the Crown's submissions of direct acts or utterances of Scott Park, I will  
address them in the same order as noted above, and will then comment generally on  
admissibility.  
[593] Tony Germsheid has been a friend of Scott Park for many years. He testified that he told  
Scott Park that he was looking to get some real estate investments. As a result, Scott Park told  
him that he knew a guy who had some investment properties, which turned out to be Pervez.  
Even if I had found Tony Germsheid to be credible, the evidence is insufficient to draw an  
inference that Scott Park recruited Tony Germsheid to participate in the Pervez conspiracy. Tony  
Germsheid testified that he approached Scott Park to get involved in real estate. There is ample  
direct evidence to support the conclusion that Scott Park knew Pervez was in the business of  
buying and selling real estate. More significant in relation to Tony Germsheid is the cheque from  
Scott Park to him in the sum of $6,500. This cheque corresponds to the amount required for the  
down payment on the Tony Germsheid purchase. As I indicated in my review of Tony  
Germsheid's evidence, I do not know when to believe him and when not to believe him. His  
explanation of the cheque from Scott Park is that it was money lent to him by Scott Park to buy a  
car or to pay some bills, as had occurred in the past. Further, there are two gift letters which are  
purported to be monies given to Tony Germsheid by his mother, which also correspond with the  
approximate date of the purchase and which specifically make reference to the gift being for the  
purchase of the property, which could account for the down payment.  
[594] Scott Park also introduced his brother Kerry Park to Pervez, and Kerry Park purchased a  
property from him. The evidence of Kerry Novac, which I accept, also discloses that Scott Park  
approached both Kerry Park and herself in regard to purchasing a house. The purpose of  
purchasing a house would be to provide some work to Kerry Park to do renovations and then sell  
the property at a profit. Kerry Novac confirmed that she believed that this was a good idea and  
that Kerry Park was very good at doing various renovations, and listed all of his qualities. In  
addition, Kerry Novac stated that Scott Park advised both of them that $5,000 was needed as a  
Page: 123  
down payment. It is also important to remember that Kerry Novac stated that she in fact did see  
the property that was purchased (Exhibit 30) and this had occurred when she saw Kerry Park  
doing renovations to the property. Also of importance is Kerry Novac's accepted evidence that  
the information regarding assets and liabilities and other information contained in the mortgage  
application, and which was in the handwriting of Kerry Park, was all true.  
[595] The document which raises serious suspicion is the Offer to Purchase which bears the  
forged signature of Kerry Novac. I accept the evidence of Kerry Novac that the signature in the  
acceptance section of the Offer to Purchase as seller is that of Kerry Park and that the witness  
signature is that of Scott Park. What the evidence clearly shows, however, is that the Offer to  
Purchase contained in Exhibit 30, pp. 119-120, is a photocopy of an original. The Offer to  
Purchase in Exhibit 30 purports to show only one seller, being Kerry Park, and one buyer, being  
Kerry Novac. A further Offer to Purchase was entered as Exhibit “H” for Identification. I am  
satisfied that Exhibit “H” is the original of the photocopied Offer to Purchase which is contained  
in Exhibit 30 as a result of the similarities, but more specifically as a result of the contract  
numbers on the two documents being the same. What Exhibit “H” for Identification shows is that  
there were two names listed as the sellers, Kerry Park and Kerry Novac, and only one buyer,  
Kerry Novac. Bindon identified the writing of the names of the sellers and the buyer and the  
portion written in the acceptance noted earlier as being that of Scott Park. It is important to note  
that the ink colour in relation to those portions purportedly written by Scott Park is different  
from the remainder of the body of the Offer to Purchase, which Bindon identified as being  
written by Pervez. The Offer to Purchase was purportedly for the purpose of showing a sale  
which would net some cash to close to Kerry Park in order to come up with the deposit on his  
purchase.  
[596] I am not satisfied that the evidence supports an inference that Scott Park recruited Kerry  
Park to obtain mortgage financing based on false representations. First, the mortgage application  
which was prepared and signed by Kerry Park did not contain any false information. Secondly,  
the evidence of Kerry Novac was to the extent that there were substantial earnings made from  
curling around the time of the purchase which could have accounted for the $5,000 deposit being  
required. Further, it would seem unlikely that Scott Park would have involved his future  
sister-in-law, Kerry Novac, and if Kerry Park was being recruited, to simply hold the property  
for a few months and then flip as was the case with the "straw buyers." Further, it is not  
consistent with the evidence of the pattern of the conspirators who recruited straw buyers by  
telling them that they need not put any money down in relation to the properties.  
[597] The altered Offer to Purchase is of much greater concern. Of concern is how it came to  
be that the original Offer to Purchase was in the possession of Pervez and/or Bindon. I am  
satisfied, as a result of the ink colours on the original Offer to Purchase (Exhibit "H" for  
Identification), that at the time that the Offer was signed by Kerry Park and witnessed by Scott  
Park, there were two sellers listed, that is, the registered owners Kerry Park and Kerry Novac. I  
am further satisfied, as supported by the evidence of Bindon, that the remainder of the writing  
was that of Pervez and it was not unusual for him to do some fancy photocopying.  
Page: 124  
[598] I am further suspicious of the timing of the Offer to Purchase when, according to the  
evidence of Kerry Novac, she and Kerry Park were not going through difficult times in January  
2003.  
[599] Although the Offer to Purchase raises very serious suspicions, I am not satisfied that the  
evidence supports the inference sought by the Crown. It is clear that the Offer to Purchase was  
altered by Pervez, but, more importantly, if Kerry Park was a mere straw buyer, why would he  
be doing any actual renovations on the property as Kerry Novac testified? Further, there were no  
falsehoods contained in Kerry Park's mortgage application, as confirmed by Kerry Novac.  
[600] Gregory Coates had been friends with Scott Park for many years. He stated that several  
of his friends, including Scott Park, were trying to get him out of his apartment and to buy a  
house. He began to talk to Scott Park about getting into real estate, and Scott Park introduced  
him to Pervez. It became clear from Gregory Coates' testimony that there existed a special  
relationship between himself and Scott Park. It became clear that Gregory Coates trusted and  
relied upon Scott Park to look after him. It also became clear that Gregory Coates expected a lot  
out of Scott Park, such as being his property manager and doing whatever needed to be done as it  
related to his real estate investments.  
[601] Gregory Coates saw himself as a bona fide purchaser of the four properties in question.  
He treated the houses as investments and accounted for the income and the losses. He further  
declared those incomes and losses on his Income Tax Returns. It further became clear in the  
evidence that Gregory Coates intended to reside in each of the houses he purchased but kept  
changing his mind, but clearly was of the view that he could have lived in any of the houses but  
chose not to.  
[602] It is also clear from the evidence that Scott Park and other friends of Gregory Coates took  
steps to get property ready for him to move in. They cleaned up property for him and did some  
minor renovations. This physical work included work done by Scott Park. Gregory Coates  
further stated that he expected Scott Park to look after everything for him, including collecting  
rents and making the mortgage payments. He believed Scott Park would sacrifice his own money  
to cover the mortgage payments, and would then pay himself back later.  
[603] The evidence which creates serious suspicion consists of four $5,000 cheques from Scott  
Park to Gregory Coates which are dated around the same time as his purchases. Gregory Coates  
testified that he was told by Pervez and Scott Park that there would be a "carrot" to buy the  
houses, and if the mortgage was a CMHC, he would receive $5,000 and if it was a conventional  
mortgage, it would be less. Gregory Coates testified that he would receive the "carrot" after the  
mortgages had been registered. Gregory Coates further stated that he was told by Pervez that  
there would be perks for him if he were to buy a home. He further went on to state that Pervez  
told him about incentives in getting a mortgage. The first purchase by Gregory Coates was a  
CMHC mortgage on October 28, 2002 (Exhibit 159, p. 377). The second purchase was a  
conventional mortgage on January 13, 2003 (Exhibit 28). The third was a CMHC mortgage on  
January 20, 2003 (Exhibit 29). The fourth purchase was on August 30, 2003 (Exhibit 42). The  
first $5,000 cheque entered into evidence, from Scott Park to Gregory Coates, is dated January  
Page: 125  
17, 2003 (Exhibit 178, p. 1). The second $5,000 payment to Gregory Coates is on a cheque  
drawn on the Lex Notitia Ltd. account dated August 29, 2003 (Exhibit 170, p. 12). A third  
purchase cheque, from Scott Park to Gregory Coates, in the sum of $5,000 is dated September 8,  
2003 (Exhibit 178A), and there is a fourth cheque from Scott Park to Gregory Coates in the sum  
of $5,000 dated February 4, 2005 (Exhibit 178, p. 25). With respect to the remainder of the  
cheques contained in Exhibit 178, Gregory Coates believed that they were most likely payments  
to him of rent monies on the houses, collected by Scott Park on his behalf.  
[604] Also curious is a mortgage back to Lex Notitia in the sum of $4,000 in relation to the sale  
of one of Gregory Coates' properties (Exhibit 42). However, Gregory Coates stated that although  
he was not aware of this mortgage, it likely occurred because Scott Park had never been paid  
anything for all of his management work.  
[605] As I noted in my review of Gregory Coates' evidence earlier, I found him to be  
unsophisticated and confused regarding events. The evidence relating to the Pervez conspiracy  
was that purchasers would receive $5,000 or more where the mortgage was a high ratio CMHC  
mortgage and substantially less in the case of a conventional mortgage. There is no evidence  
before the Court that Gregory Coates was paid $5,000 around the time of the CMHC mortgage  
which was registered on October 28, 2002. The first $5,000 payment to Gregory Coates is dated  
January 17, 2003, yet the mortgage registered on January 13, 2003 was not a CMHC mortgage.  
It is important to note that the CMHC mortgage (Exhibit 29) was not registered until January 20,  
2003. Gregory Coates had testified that the $5,000 payments came after the registration of  
CMHC mortgages. Further, there is no evidence showing Gregory Coates received a payment of  
less than $5,000 as it related to the conventional mortgage (Exhibit 28).  
[606] With respect to the $5,000 cheque dated August 29, 2003, this again pre-dates the  
registration of the CMHC mortgage which was on August 30, 2003. Gregory Coates stated that  
the August 29, 2003 cheque bounced and that is why there was a replacement purchase cheque  
dated September 8, 2003. No evidence was put before the Court showing that the August 29,  
2003 cheque bounced.  
[607] It is also important to note that Gregory Coates confirmed that Scott Park was his lawyer  
in relation to a motor vehicle accident in which he was the plaintiff. He believed that the value of  
the settlement may have been $7,000, but he could not recall how he got paid this amount.  
[608] He further agreed that he had lent some money to Scott Park from his grandfather's  
inheritance which he believed to be $4,000, and was repaid by Scott Park. This is documented by  
way of a cheque dated February 4, 2005 (Exhibit 178, p. 25), with a reference being "loan  
repayment."  
[609] Although the evidence of Gregory Coates about a $5,000 "carrot" and cheques to him  
from Scott Park in the sum of $5,000 appeared to be compelling evidence upon which to draw an  
inference that Scott Park recruited him to buy houses, there are too many other contradictory  
actions which do not lead to such an inference. The first is that the purchase of the property by  
Page: 126  
Gregory Coates was at the insistence of all of his friends, not only Scott Park. Further, Scott Park  
did more than simply have Gregory Coates qualify for a mortgage and then flip the property as  
seen in relation to the other straw buyers implicated in the Pervez conspiracy. Scott Park took  
more than an active role in helping Gregory Coates, from the physical labour of cleaning the  
properties and being his property manager, to looking after all things, and that was specifically at  
the request of Gregory Coates.  
[610] Further, the evidence of the mortgage back obtained by Scott Park for Gregory Coates in  
relation to the sale of the property contained in Exhibit 28 to Success Endeavours is inconsistent  
with Gregory Coates merely being a straw buyer. Gregory Coates confirmed that the $72  
monthly cheques were received by him by way of post-dated cheques from Success Endeavours,  
and that he received these cheques until the summer of 2005. He confirmed that the payments  
stopped at the time that Scott Park got arrested, but he still expected that Scott Park should have  
continued to collect these cheques on his behalf.  
[611] The evidence in Exhibit 29 at p. 38 is also inconsistent with Gregory Coates being a  
straw buyer. This was the property that was being sold to Linda Warmington. The sale was never  
completed, and it is important to note, at p. 38, the Affidavit of Transferee of Scott Park. Under  
the paragraph dealing with the circumstances of the transfer, it is handwritten, and there appear  
to be initials, as follows: "Non-completion of purchase transaction. Purchaser failed to provide  
cash to close to complete the deal." As has been evidenced in relation to the conspiracy and other  
straw buyer situations, cash to close was never an issue.  
[612] Further, the manner in which Gregory Coates dealt with these properties and the  
extensive assistance provided by Scott Park are inconsistent with a finding that Gregory Coates  
was simply a straw buyer. Gregory Coates agreed that he was the owner of all four properties  
and that he was taking the benefits and the expenses from the properties. He confirmed that he  
included the incomes from the properties in his Income Tax Returns. He stated that the  
information that he needed to complete his Income Tax Returns came from Scott Park. He  
agreed that when he rented the properties in order to generate income, he declared the income,  
paid the taxes, and was the primary person to pay the mortgage payments. He further stated that  
if there were profits to be taken from the properties, they were his.  
[613] Although the evidence of the cheques as contained in Exhibit 178 raises questions, the  
totality of the evidence regarding Gregory Coates equally supports an inference that he was not  
recruited by Scott Park to merely obtain false mortgages for the purpose of flipping properties.  
[614] Bindon's evidence was that she incorporated her own company to hold the properties and  
did not tell Scott Park about this. Further, she did not tell Scott Park about her own purchases,  
except that he may have provided her with an employment letter. Bindon confirmed that at the  
Preliminary Inquiry she stated that Scott Park did not know about her transactions, and also, that  
he would not have known the essence of the mortgage application. Bindon confirmed that she  
did state at the Preliminary Inquiry that she was being deceitful at the time. She also confirmed  
that she stated at the Preliminary Inquiry that she had not discussed the Bank of Montreal  
Page: 127  
mortgage with Scott Park. I also take notice of the fact that Bindon kept the open files in her  
office or at her house and forwarded correspondence under his name.  
[615] Only Monahan stated in direct examination that material was presented by Scott Park to  
her for her signature where he knew the material contained false representations. However, it  
became clear, upon cross-examination, that all that could be said is that she was aware that the  
material she was signing contained false representations.  
[616] Keith Rayner's mortgage application to the TD Bank, in the box for “owner occupied,”  
indicated “Yes" (Exhibit 27, p. 73). There is no evidence that Scott Park was involved in this  
mortgage application. Keith Rayner testified that when asked by Scott Park, on signing the  
mortgage, “Are you going to live in the house?" Keith Rayner responded, “No.” Keith Rayner  
also stated that Brito had told him that staying in the house was just a formality. It is important to  
note that Keith Rayner was a recruit of Brito and Caroca, as was Anne Chiasson. Anne  
Chiasson's evidence, which I accepted, was that she was told to tell the lawyer, if he asked  
whether she was going to reside in the property, that she was, and in fact this occurred. Keith  
Rayner's evidence that Scott Park knowingly witnessed a signature on a document containing  
false information is self-serving. As stated in my individual review of Keith Rayner's evidence, I  
find it untrustworthy and it cannot be relied upon.  
[617] The evidence of David Scorgie is that after the day he fired Bindon he had a discussion  
with Scott Park where he, amongst other things, thought that he had a duty of care to the lenders  
and believed that Scott Park disagreed with him. However, he stated that the next day Scott Park  
came and told him that he agreed with him. It would appear from the evidence of David Scorgie  
that the duty of care to the lender that he was talking about had to do with the increase in value  
in the property. The Crown submits that Scott Park proceeded to request the funds in the face of  
the discussions with David Scorgie regarding the increase in value. However, the evidence is not  
clear when the discussions with David Scorgie took place as he stated in cross-examination that  
he was not sure which confirmation page he may have been looking at on the fax machine.  
Further, the documentation contained in Exhibit 24 shows that the monies were advanced on the  
mortgage on October 1st, 2002. It is therefore not clear whether the mortgage had already been  
funded by the time these conversations took place. In any event, the issue of the increase in value  
in properties has already been discussed as not being reliable due to the inflationary economic  
environment as stated by Detective Shorter and other witnesses, including the mortgage brokers,  
Dinning, and some of the lenders.  
[618] Scott Park's company Lex Notitia purchased three properties from individuals closely  
associated to Pervez who had in fact made their purchase from Pervez or one of his companies.  
The first transfer to Lex Notitia was from Shairose Esmail (Land Titles documents, Exhibit 166,  
Tab 2) who bought the property from Pervez in November 2002 for $137,000. Bindon was the  
witness to Shairose Esmail's conventional mortgage. The transfer from Shairose Esmail to Lex  
Notitia Ltd. is dated February 3, 2003, in the amount of $137,001 (p. 91). It appears that an  
original witness signature is crossed out and then signed by Bindon. The Affidavit of Transferee,  
which is purportedly signed by Scott Park, was sworn before Bindon on March 3, 2003 (p. 92).  
Page: 128  
Paragraph one of the Affidavit of Transferee states that, "I am the transferee or agent of the  
transferee." Paragraph two states that the particulars of the transaction are cash and assumption  
of mortgage. However, it should be noted the transfer to Lex Notitia was not registered at Land  
Titles until May 16, 2003 (p. 89). Almost two years later, as of February 8, 2005, the title to this  
property was still in the name of Lex Notitia Ltd. (p. 90).  
[619] The next property transferred to Lex Notitia Ltd. was also from Shairose Esmail (Exhibit  
166, Tab 1). Shairose Esmail purchased this property from Pervez's company in March 2003 for  
$135,000. Scott Park was the witness to Shairose Esmail's mortgage. On August 12, 2003,  
Shairose Esmail signed a transfer to Lex Notitia for $135,000. Bindon was the witness to  
Shairose Esmail's signature. The Affidavit of Transferee, which is purportedly signed by Scott  
Park, is sworn before Bindon on August 14, 2003. I say “purportedly signed” by Scott Park  
because the signatures on the two Affidavits of Transferee (Exhibit 166, Tab 1, p. 50; Exhibit  
166, Tab 2, p. 92) are clearly not the same. This second property transferred to Lex Notitia Ltd.  
was registered on August 28, 2003 and, as of September 8, 2005, was still in the name of Lex  
Notitia Ltd. (p. 48).  
[620] These two purchases by Scott Park's company Lex Notitia Ltd. from an individual closely  
associated with Pervez is cause for serious suspicion. Did Scott Park pay Shairose Esmail the  
difference between the mortgage which he assumed and the purchase price? The cash difference  
in each transaction would have been approximately $30,000. Or did Scott Park simply assume  
the mortgages without paying her the cash shortfall? Unfortunately, the only documentation  
before the Court is that which was obtained from the Land Titles office. More importantly,  
Shairose Esmail was not called as a witness to state whether or not she received any cash  
shortfall from Scott Park or his company. As a result, there is insufficient evidence to draw an  
inference on this basis that Scott Park was part of the conspiracy.  
[621] The third property which was transferred to Lex Notitia Ltd. was from Mina Khoshnavaz  
(Exhibit 32) who purchased this property from Pervez's company on February 20, 2003 for  
$120,000. The mortgage was a conventional mortgage in the amount of $90,000 and was  
witnessed by Bindon on February 14, 2003.  
[622] Also on February 14, 2003 the documents show a transfer signed by Mina Khoshnavaz to  
Lex Notitia of the same property for $120,001. The witness to the transfer was Bindon (p. 47).  
The Affidavit of Transferee (p. 48) which is purportedly signed by Scott Park before Bindon is  
dated March 3, 2003. A Certificate of Lis Pendens in relation to this property was filed on July  
30, 2003 and registered against the title on August 14, 2003. The transfer to Lex Notitia Ltd. did  
not occur until September 26, 2003 (p. 43), and the purchase was obviously subject to the  
Certificate of Lis Pendens. The result of the foreclosure action was that the title was returned to  
the lender on March 9, 2005. Mina Khoshnavaz testified that it was her signature on the transfer  
to Lex Notitia. She further testified that she only dealt with Bindon and did not know Scott Park.  
Further, she stated that she never received any monies from Lex Notitia.  
Page: 129  
[623] The foregoing evidence includes purported statements made by Park as related by  
witnesses at trial. I have found the testimony of some of those witnesses to be untrustworthy or  
unreliable. Some of this evidence is important as narrative, as it explains the context in which  
relevant documentation was created. In other cases, the import of the alleged statements is the  
fact that they were made. In other words, whether or not it was true that Park knew a guy who  
had some real estate investments, it is the fact that he made the statement to Germsheid which is  
relevant in terms of establishing probable membership in a conspiracy. Similarly, whether it was  
true or not that Coates would obtain $5000, the fact that the statement was made is important.  
These statements can be viewed as part of the circumstantial evidence which,along with the  
witness' evidence, for example that Germsheid met Pervez through Park, could point to probable  
membership. The statements of Park to Scorgie are part of the narrative. They might be  
interpreted as being contrary to Park's interest. However, the details of the discussion are  
sketchy. I find that they are admissible not for the truth of the contents, but for the fact that they  
were made and may be relevant in that respect as circumstantial evidence of Park's involvement  
in the conspiracy.  
[624] The title transfer to Lex Notitia also raises serious concerns. However, I am not prepared  
to draw a negative inference against Scott Park due to Bindon’s involvement. The signature on  
the Affidavit of Transferee (Exhibit 32, p. 48), which is purportedly sworn on March 3, 2003,  
and the signature of Scott Park on the Affidavit of Execution (Exhibit 32, p. 49), which is also  
sworn on March 3, 2003, are noticeably different. More importantly, it makes no sense that a real  
estate lawyer would buy a house which was the subject of a foreclosure action. The more  
reasonable inference to be drawn is that Bindon and Pervez falsified the Affidavit of Transferee  
(p. 48) and registered the transfer to Lex Notitia some 8 months later, without Scott Park’s  
knowledge.  
[625] The entries on Scott Park’s general trust ledger for Pervez (Exhibit 109) from sale  
proceeds of vendors, other than Pervez or his companies, is very suspicious. However, it is not  
sufficient to support the inference that Scott Park was therefore aware of the true legal nature of  
all of the transactions. There i no evidence of how closely Scott Park monitored the trust ledger.  
There was evidence that he was consumed with the Trang trial during the time period in  
question. Bindon identified as her own all of the writing pertaining to transfers of funds in and  
out, which constituted by far the vast majority of the notations. When the Bank would request a  
letter confirming a deposit in trust, she would verify the trust ledger and send the letter. What the  
general catchall trust ledger for Pervez reveals is that at some stage the sale proceeds of  
properties owned by other companies or individuals ended up being recorded in his trust ledger.  
There was no evidence presented to the Court as to what direction may have been provided to  
Scott Park, if any, by these other sellers as to what to do with their funds. There is some evidence  
that there were arrangements between some of these other sellers, such as Shezad Ahmad,  
signing assignments of monies owed to Pervez (Exhibits “O”, “P” and “X” for Identification). In  
the end, it would be improper to speculate one way or the other what may have occurred that  
resulted in the entries that were made in the general catchall trust ledger for Pervez, nor the  
extent to which Scott Park was aware of the status and details of that ledger.  
Page: 130  
[626] However, there are other specific acts by Scott Park which I am satisfied support a  
finding that he was probably a member of the conspiracy. They are as follows:  
1. A reporting letter, purportedly signed by Scott Park, addressed to Sheila Holloway,  
care of 923080 Alberta Ltd., 4344 - 49 Street, Edmonton, Alberta, being Pervez’s  
numbered company, who was the vendor to Sheila Holloway. (Exhibit 9, p. 109)  
2. An order and direction to pay dated May 2, 2002, purportedly signed by Sheila  
Holloway and witnessed by Scott Park, directs that the balance of the proceeds of the  
sale of property purchased by Sheila Holloway from Pervez’s numbered company be  
paid to Sheila Holloway on behalf of Home Placement Systems care of 4344 - 49  
Street, Edmonton, Alberta. (Exhibit 10, p. 167)  
3. Trust cheque on the Scott Park trust account, payable to Royston Frederick in the  
sum of $24,000, dated November 30, 2001, with the reference being trust ledger file  
“30,432", Pervez’s basket ledger account, as apparent proof of down payment.  
(Exhibit 14, p. 121)  
4. Cheque from Scott Park trust account, payable to CIBC/Derek Duncombe, in the  
sum of $48,000, dated March 14, 2003, and the reference indicating Duncombe -  
credit line payout. (Exhibit 39, p. 134)  
5. Deposit of $8,000 into Scott Park’s trust account by Robbie Madan. Scott Park was  
not acting for Robbie Madan or the vendor. (Exhibit 40, pps. 211 to 214)  
6. Cheque from the Scott Park trust account in the sum of $7,400, payable to Javid  
Chaudry, dated July 2, 2003, as apparent proof of down payment. Scott Park was not  
acting for Choudhary as a buyer. (Exhibit 41, p. 119)  
7. Memorandum of mortgage dated July 15, 2004, in the amount of $4,000, showing  
Lex Notitia Ltd. as the lender and the borrowers being Patrick Gosslin and Christine  
Boucher in relation to a property sold by Gregory Coates to Patrick Gosslin and  
Christine Boucher. (Exhibit 42, pps. 33 to 43)  
8. Deposit of $22,635 into Lyle Petty’s account (Exhibit 33, p. 163), which matches an  
amount noted in the Pervez trust ledger (Exhibit 109, p. 29), which states “payment  
to L. Petty.”  
9. A deposit into the account of Marie Kapeller in the sum of $25,235 (Exhibit 34),  
matching an entry in Pervez’s trust ledger (Exhibit 109, p. 28), stating payment to  
Marie Kapeller of $25,235 on the same date as the deposit.  
10. A deposit into the account of Marie Kapeller in the sum of $33,750 (Exhibit 43), and  
on the same date noted payment to Marie Kapeller from the Pervez trust ledger in  
Page: 131  
the sum of $30,000 (Exhibit 109, p. 43). Also, Scott Park did not act for Marie  
Kapeller on this transaction.  
11. A $40,000 deposit from Scott Park to Rashid and $40,000 from Rashid to Scott Park.  
(Exhibit 167)  
12. A Scott Park cheque payable to First Marathon in the sum of $3,761, dated August  
19, 2002, to cover seven mortgage payments from straw buyers. (Exhibit 4)  
[627] The above-noted list from 1 to 10 will be dealt with, directly or indirectly, in the Analysis  
section regarding membership.  
[628] As for Number 11, the $40,000 deposit from Scott Park to Zafir Rashid and $40,000 from  
Zafir Rashid to Scott Park (Exhibit 167), Rashid stated that, to the best of his knowledge, he  
never deposited any money with the Scott Park Law Office. When shown a copy of a statement  
showing a deposit into his account, of $40,000 on December 18, 2002, he stated that he did not  
know about this deposit and that he was not aware of any transactions which would have  
generated $40,000. He was then shown a transaction record showing the $40,000 (Exhibit 167,  
p. 103), and he indicated that he did not recognize his signature. He testified that he did not  
know anything about a certified cheque from Rashid to Scott Park in the sum of $40,000, dated  
December 18, 2002. Rashid further indicated that he did not know the reason for a bank draft  
from himself to Scott Park, in the sum of $30,000, dated December 16, 2002 (Exhibit 167, p.  
105).  
[629] In cross-examination, in answer to whether or not he had any monies on deposit with  
Scott Park’s Law Office, he was shown a letter dated December 21, 2001, addressed to Scott  
Park. He indicated that it could be his signature on this letter. The letter effectively stated that the  
sum of $17,000, which would be coming from the sale of the Winnipeg property, was given to  
Scott Park and authorized the funds to be used in relation to a purchase of a property for his wife,  
Twila Estall. Rashid stated he did not know whether he had sent this letter to Scott Park and did  
not recall it at the time of the trial. In examination-on-redirect, Rashid confirmed that the  
numbered company from Manitoba referred to in the letter did sound familiar.  
[630] As for Number 12, the payment to First Marathon of a trust cheque from Scott Park,  
making several mortgage payments for the straw buyers in relation to the Camrose properties, by  
itself would appear to support an inference that Scott Park would have known that the mortgage  
payments were not being made by these various buyers. However, a review of the documentation  
leading up to the cheque to First Marathon is important. It appears that there was a request for  
mortgage details made by Bindon to Ertha West at First Marathon prior to August 9, 2002. Ertha  
West is the Collections Officer and there is a fax cover sheet from her to Bindon which provides  
a list of the requested properties with the required monthly mortgage payments. The Camrose  
property list is attached with the monthly payments being shown (Exhibit 7, pp. 171 and 172).  
Page: 132  
[631] There is then a letter on the letterhead of Scorgie Park Bevan dated August 19, 2002 (p.  
173) which pertain to the facts just referred to at p. 171 of Exhibit 7 and a subsequent telephone  
call with Bindon at the Scorgie Park Bevan Law Office. The letter encloses the cheque payable  
to cover the outstanding mortgage payments on several Camrose First Marathon Mortgages.  
Although there is a signature above the name of Scott Park, I am satisfied that this is not Scott  
Park’s signature based on its dissimilarity with all of his other signatures identified by Bindon.  
[632] Further, it should be noted that the reference section of the trust cheque (Exhibit 7, p.  
174) shows the number of 30,917. A review of the file opening log (Exhibit 109, Tab 2) shows  
that the file number 30, 917 has the client name blacked out or edited out, but it is evident from  
the reference column that it is in relation to the purchase of a property on 93rd Street. The file  
was opened on June 14, 2002. What is clear from the listing of the properties which the payment  
to First Marathon covered is that they were all in relation to Grandview Crescent addresses.  
Therefore, the file number on the cheque does not appear to have anything to do with any of the  
mortgages which were being paid.  
[633] As a result of the reference number to a file which does not relate to the Camrose  
properties being on the cheque and the signature on the letter not being that of Scott Park, I am  
not prepared to draw an inference that Scott Park knew what the purpose of the cheque was to  
First Marathon in the sum of $3,761. There was no evidence presented as to what Bindon may  
have put on her slip requisition voucher when the cheque was to be signed by Scott Park.  
[634] Despite my concerns as expressed above regarding the import of certain evidence relied  
upon by the Crown, I am satisfied on the balance of the evidence mentioned above that Scott  
Park was probably a member of the Pervez conspiracy. This evidence includes, in addition to  
cheques and other documents specifically identified above, the mortgage back to Lex Notitia by  
the purchasers of the Coates property, the reporting letter to Sheila Holloway care of Pervez’s  
company, the Order and Direction to pay signed by Sheila Holloway, Lex Notitia’s purchases,  
and the introduction by Park of Germsheid, Coates and Kerry Park to Pervez. As a result, it is  
open to the Court to consider the acts and declarations of alleged co-conspirators.  
Has the Crown established beyond a reasonable doubt that Scott Park committed  
the offence of conspiracy to commit fraud?  
Crown’s Position  
[635] The Crown submits that the totality of the evidence leads to the unavoidable conclusion  
that Scott Park was a member of the conspiracy. The Crown points to evidence that the  
conspirators who testified consistently denied providing any instruction to any of their buyers  
with regard to their conversations with Scott Park, but on no occasion did any buyer recall a  
question by Scott Park that would put the scheme in jeopardy. Some buyers had no pre-existing  
notion of the way in which the meetings with Scott Park would proceed and had no inkling that  
they were doing anything illegal. The most favourable inference to be drawn from the above  
Page: 133  
evidence is that Scott Park was aware of the details of each of these transactions, and that his  
role was to close the transactions and receive money for Pervez’s benefit. Pervez would not have  
entrusted his fraudulent scheme to a lawyer who would potentially ask the wrong question or  
provide the wrong information. The Crown submits that Scott Park had a fiduciary obligation to  
protect the interests of his clients, and that his failure to honor his obligations by failing to act or  
failing to make inquiries or failing to provide explanations or information, which required  
serious exploration, is reason to draw a negative inference against him.  
[636] The Crown argues that the following evidence of Scott Park’s failure to act in  
circumstances that called out for inquiry generally support the inference that he was a member of  
the conspiracy:  
(i)  
straw buyers stated that they were not asked any questions by Scott Park about the  
status of down payments, deposits, adjustments, or any other question that would  
relate to obvious conditions of mortgage financing;  
(ii)  
all of the straw buyers were consistent to the extent that they were not advised to  
lie to Scott Park and that none of the straw buyers’ recruiters instructed their  
straw buyers to lie to Scott Park;  
(iii) Beverly Haugh, Jayne Sluchinski and Sheila Holloway testified that Scott Park  
did not respond to their inquiries about the legitimacy of the mortgage  
transactions;  
(iv)  
the evidence of repeat straw buyers over a short time period, coupled with the  
absence of any evidence of the provision of down payments or deposits, leads to  
the reasonable inference of a deliberate refusal to engage in inquiries;  
(v)  
the evidence of rapid inflation of property values leads to the reasonable inference  
of a deliberate refusal by Scott Park to make inquiries in circumstances where the  
need for inquiry would have been obvious;  
(vi)  
the evidence of non-arm’s length transactions between buyers who were also  
directors of vendor companies leads to the reasonable inference of Scott Park’s  
deliberate refusal to make inquiries in circumstances which he knew that inquiries  
were warranted;  
(vii) Scott Park’s alleged abject failure to oversee the work of Bindon, even with the  
knowledge of the cause for a dismissal, leads to the reasonable inference that  
Scott Park refused to interfere in circumstances where he suspected that inquiries  
were warranted;  
Page: 134  
(viii) Scott Park’s knowledge of bonus payments to Bindon by Pervez leads to the  
reasonable inference of a deliberate refusal by Scott Park to interfere in  
circumstances where he suspected that inquires were warranted;  
(ix)  
evidence that no transactions as shown in the trust ledgers reveal the provision of  
cash to close any purchase nor adjustments to the cash at close required to close a  
transaction, leads to the reasonable inference that Scott Park deliberately refused  
to make inquiries in circumstances where he knew that inquiries were warranted;  
(x)  
evidence that Scott Park had in his possession a blank residential real estate  
purchase contract used in every transaction that he participated in leads to the  
logical conclusion that he believed that the lenders in each instance were relying  
on a purchase price that was comprised of deposits and cash to close yet failed to  
make inquiries of any of the purchaser’s names in any of these contracts leading  
to the reasonable inference that he preferred to profess ignorance in circumstances  
where inquiries were warranted; Scott Park owed a fiduciary duty to each lender  
that was his client and his failure to make inquiries leads to the reasonable  
inference of a deliberate refusal to make inquiries in circumstances where he  
knew that inquiries were required;  
(xi)  
the banking records of straw buyers Royston Frederick, Jawad Choudhary,  
Robbie Madan and Derek Duncombe support the inference that Scott Park  
provided trust money knowing that the funds would be deposited in an effort to  
mislead lenders as to the existence of a down payment;  
(xii) the trust ledgers demonstrate that Scott Park was aware of payments being  
provided to straw buyers by Pervez and that straw buyers were being paid  
to make mortgage applications, supporting the inference that he was aware  
that the mortgage applications contained false representations about the  
bona fides of the buyers;  
(xiii) the record of legal proceedings demonstrates that there were significant  
deficiencies with mortgage applications relied on by the Bank of Montreal  
as early as February 2003 and Scott Park continued to act in the face of  
that knowledge.  
Analysis  
[637] The conspirators who testified consistently denied providing any instruction to any of  
their buyers with regard to their conversations with Scott Park. In general terms, I do not accept  
the evidence of the conspirators as they lack credibility and reliability. Further, the evidence of  
David Gorn contradicts the co-conspirators. He contacted the straw buyers individually to  
confirm whether they were going to live in the property being purchased, and they told him that  
Page: 135  
they were going to live in the properties even though they knew they were not going to do so. It  
is reasonable to infer that the co-conspirators told the straw buyers to state that they were going  
to live in the properties being purchased if they were asked that question by anybody.  
[638] This inference is also supported by the evidence of two straw buyers, that is, Anne  
Chiasson and Jawad Choudhary. They both indicated that they were told by their recruiters,  
Caroca, in the case of Anne Chiasson, and Adil Quadri, in relation to Jawad Choudhary, that if  
the lawyer asked if they were going to reside in the property, they were to say “yes.” Further, if  
the conspirators did not provide instructions to their buyers in regards to conversations with  
Scott Park, then it is logical that they would not have provided the instructions to their buyers in  
relation to the other eight lawyers who did transactions or mortgages for buyers recruited by the  
conspirators. As an example, this would mean that Monahan did not tell Sheila Holloway what  
to say to David Coley, who did the Beaumont Credit Union mortgages, or, similarly, that Kahlon  
never told Palwinder Kahlon what to say to David Coley when he signed his mortgage. There  
was no evidence presented upon which the Court could conclude that any of the other lawyers  
who prepared mortgages for the straw buyers were in on the fraudulent scheme.  
[639] The buyers did not recall Scott Park posing any questions which would put the scheme in  
jeopardy. However, most of the straw buyers could not recall their conversations with Scott  
Park. Most of them denied, in direct examination, that there was any conversation with Scott  
Park. However, in cross-examination, most of the straw buyers acknowledged that there was at  
least some conversation with Scott Park but they could not recall the contents because it was not  
important to them. Further, there is the evidence of Anne Chiasson, Jawad Choudhary and Keith  
Rayner who all stated that they were asked by the lawyer, and in the case of Anne Chiasson and  
Keith Rayner, they were specifically asked by Scott Park, whether or not they were going to be  
residing in the house. It is also important to note that Monahan stated that Scott Park said to her,  
in the form of a question, that she was residing in the property.  
[640] The Crown argued that some of the buyers had no pre-existing notion of the manner in  
which the meetings with Scott Park would proceed and had no inkling that they were doing  
anything illegal. This is not supported by the evidence. The following straw buyers admitted that  
they knew what was being done was illegal or not right or fishy: Bindon, Monahan, Adil Quadri,  
Rashid, Kahlon, Marie Kapeller, Lyle Petty, Beverly Haugh (who stated that she was not  
satisfied by Monahan’s and Elizabeth Holloway’s explanation and phoned a realtor because she  
said it sounded too good to be true), Michael Albert, Keith Rayner, Jawad Choudhary, Royston  
Frederick, Mina Khoshnavaz (who stated she was getting $500 and had to do nothing for it),  
Sheila Holloway (who stated that it did not look right in her heart of hearts and that she knew it  
was improbable that you could do this), and Jayne Sluchinski (who stated that it seemed odd to  
her). At the same time, it is significant that many of the straw buyers appeared to be  
unsophisticated in relation to real estate transactions and legal matters and I found that a number  
of them attempted to minimize their involvement and knowledge. In some cases, they had been  
sued by lenders and in all cases their credit rating would have been affected by their  
involvement.  
Page: 136  
[641] The Crown opined that the most favourable inference to be drawn from the above  
evidence is that Scott Park was aware of the details of each of these transactions, and that his  
role was to close the transactions and receive money for Pervez’s benefit. However, the evidence  
clearly shows that Scott Park did provide explanations of the documents being signed by the  
straw buyers before they signed them. This was acknowledged by almost every straw buyer,  
although they could not recall the details. Several acknowledged that he probably explained their  
duties and responsibilities, including the mortgage payments. Further, if Scott Park was aware of  
all of the details of the transactions before they occurred, then one wonders why he would have  
bothered providing any explanation to the straw buyers at the time of the signing of the mortgage  
documentation since it would have been entirely unnecessary in the circumstances. The Crown’s  
reasoning would lead to an inference that the four different lawyers whom Sheila Holloway saw,  
or the two seen by Sheila Straub, also had full knowledge of the details of the transactions, as did  
the three other lawyers who did mortgages for the straw buyers. As a result, the evidence does  
not support an inference being sought by the Crown.  
[642] The Crown argues that Pervez would not have entrusted his fraudulent scheme to a  
lawyer who would potentially ask the wrong question or provide the wrong information. Again,  
the evidence discloses that Scott Park did ask questions which the buyers had been told how to  
answer by a conspirator. Further, most of the straw buyers stated that all of the lawyers who did  
mortgages basically did the same thing. It should be noted that nine different lawyers did  
mortgages for Pervez or his co-conspirators. There was no evidence presented upon which the  
Court could conclude that Pervez recruited any of them in his conspiracy. It should be further  
noted that only Kahlon was asked who was part of the fraud, and he stated that the members  
included Monahan, Bindon, Adil Quadri and Rashid. He did not mention Scott Park or any other  
lawyer. The only co-conspirator who gave evidence suggesting that Scott Park was aware of the  
fraud was Monahan. She stated that Scott Park knowingly had her sign false documents. As is  
noted in the review and analysis of Monahan’s evidence, it is clear that her statement in relation  
to the issue of swearing false information is simply not made out or is unreliable.  
[643] Further, the evidence was that Scott Park was essentially specializing in criminal law at  
the time and was involved in a large case which very well may have distracted him from other  
areas of his practice. Even assuming he failed to thoroughly explore the details of the deals with  
the purchasers, this may well be indicative of professional negligence without necessarily  
implicating him as a member of a conspiracy.  
[644] The Crown submits that Scott Park was wilfully blind in that he had a fiduciary  
obligation to protect the interests of his clients, but failed to act or make inquiries or provide  
explanations or information in circumstances where he would have been aware of the need to do  
so. Again, the evidence of most of the straw buyers was that they could not recall what Scott  
Park may have explained to them. Some of the straw buyers agreed that Scott Park likely talked  
about mortgage payments, insurance and other obligations under the mortgage. Most of the straw  
buyers stated that they did not remember details of the conversations or explanations by Scott  
Park because they did not care. With respect to the lack of questions by Scott Park regarding the  
status of down payments, deposits or adjustments, it should be noted that the evidence of many  
Page: 137  
of the straw buyers has to be approached with a great deal of caution in light of their  
unreliability. Having said that, the evidence that was presented discloses that no inquiry would  
likely have been required to be made. First, every Offer to Purchase had a pre-printed stamp in  
the section dealing with deposits and additional deposits which stated that the deposits and  
additional deposits (i.e., down payment) were being held in trust directly by the vendor, being  
Pervez or his companies or co-conspirators. The evidence also disclosed that in addition to the  
stamp on all of the Offers to Purchase, there was further documentation in the nature of a  
document entitled Receipt and Acknowledgement. This document, signed by Pervez, stated that  
he had received the deposits and down payments directly from the buyers (Exhibits 10, 11, 17,  
36 and 37). In relation to the question of adjustments, the evidence of Bindon, if believed, was  
that in most deals involving Pervez, there were no adjustments to be made because Pervez “liked  
to give the buyer a turnkey operation.”  
[645] As noted in the review of the evidence of the straw buyers, most have been found to be  
unreliable or not trustworthy. However, in relation to those straw buyers whose evidence was  
accepted by the Court, including Anne Chiasson and Jawad Choudhary, it was admitted that they  
were told to lie by two different co-conspirators. One has to wonder why Caroca and Brito  
would have told Anne Chiasson to anticipate a question about owner occupancy and how to  
answer it, yet would not have done the same for another one of their recruits, Keith Rayner.  
[646] As for the evidence of Beverly Haugh, Jayne Sluchinski and Sheila Holloway regarding  
Scott Park’s response to their inquiries about the legitimacy of the mortgage transactions, I did  
not find that it was their evidence that Scott Park did not respond to their inquiries. Sheila  
Holloway stated that she was unsure of the inquiry being referred to; however, she stated that it  
was hard for her to remember what she knew and when she knew it. Jayne Sluchinski stated she  
asked Scott Park if it was legal, and Scott Park’s response was, “If it wasn’t, I wouldn’t be  
involved.” If in fact this question and answer occurred, then his response is as consistent with an  
inference that he believed the transaction to be legal, as it would be with the inference that he  
was trying to hide some illegality. Further, if he was involved in the fraudulent scheme, he  
would have known that Jayne Sluchinski was another straw buyer and there would have been no  
need to hide his involvement. Beverly Haugh stated, in direct examination, that she asked Scott  
Park if everything was okay before she signed the mortgage documents, and Scott Park said  
“Yes.” However, Beverly Haugh told the police that it was Bindon who said it was fine and all  
legal. As I have noted earlier in these reasons, I did not find any of these witnesses to be  
particularly credible, and all had reason to minimize their responsibility for their acts.  
[647] There was evidence of repeat straw buyers over a short time period. There was no  
evidence that Scott Park was part of the mortgage application process. The evidence of some of  
the lenders and mortgage brokers confirmed that the involvement of the lawyer was usually after  
the mortgage had been approved and at the point that the lawyer received the solicitor’s  
instructions from the lender. The only direct or apparent involvement of Scott Park appears to be  
the issuing of trust cheques to buyers in order to prove a deposit of down payment into their  
accounts. However, it should be noted that in almost all of those instances the mortgage had  
already been approved, and this was after the fact. Further, some of the lender witnesses and  
Page: 138  
mortgage brokers and the appraiser Ronald Dinning and the buyer Sean Syrenne all stated that it  
was not unusual for a buyer to become involved in the purchase of more than one property.  
[648] I also note that a number of the straw buyers testified, and the documentary evidence  
demonstrates, that they had no direct dealings with Scott Park on specific transactions, but dealt  
exclusively with Bindon. Certain straw buyers dealt with Scott Park in relation to the first deal,  
but with Bindon in relation to subsequent deals. Some met with Scott Park on more than one  
occasions, but met with Bindon in between. This raises questions with respect to the extent of  
Scott Park’s awareness of the recycling of straw buyers.  
[649] The Crown submitted that the evidence of rapid inflation of property values raises an  
inference of a deliberate refusal by Scott Park to make inquiries in circumstances where the need  
for inquiry would have been obvious. I find that the issue of the rapid increase in property values  
is a red herring. This is made clear from a variety of sources in the evidence, the first being that  
of Detective Michael Shorter, who stated that although there was what appeared to be a rapid  
increase in prices over a short period of time, the investigation did not rely on the appraisals. The  
real estate market was experiencing an increase in any event, so identifying unusual increases  
may have been tricky. The investigators decided that they would go after the misrepresentations  
made to the lenders by the straw buyers, i.e., false gift letters, deposits, et cetera. Furthermore,  
the two qualified appraisers who testified on behalf of the Crown, Dinning and Belmonte, if  
believed, stated that the value on the appraisals which they prepared were the fair market value  
at the time of the appraisal, and if there were still renovations to be done, they would have been  
noted. Also, there is the evidence of Bindon and other co-conspirators that the process was to do  
some renovations before the property was appraised and sold to the straw buyers. There is also  
the evidence of Bindon, if believed, that it was not unusual for Pervez to obtain possession of a  
property in advance of the closing date for the purpose of doing renovations before taking title to  
the property. This is, in fact, supported by Exhibit 38, p. 3 and Exhibit 27, p. 17, which shows  
that there was a caveat registered by Pervez approximately one month before the actual closing  
date. It bears noting that the evidence of many of the witnesses was that Pervez’ pitch was that  
properties would be renovated and sold at a profit. If in fact purchasers were having their  
properties renovated, it would not be surprising to see an increase in value as they were resold.  
[650] There was evidence of non-arm’s length transactions between buyers who were also  
directors of vendor companies. There was no evidence or argument presented that it is illegal or  
wrong for property to change from corporate ownership to individual ownership of a shareholder  
or director of that corporation or vice versa.  
[651] The Crown points to evidence of Scott Park’s abject failure to oversee the work of  
Bindon, even with the knowledge of the cause for her dismissal, arguing that this should have  
prompted inquiries. However, Bindon was familiar with real estate, and even before she started  
to do Scott Park’s work she had done real estate deals from the beginning to the end for David  
Scorgie. David Scorgie stated that Bindon was excellent, very intelligent and did her work very  
well. Further, the real estate practice requires a very good assistant and is very document  
Page: 139  
intensive; this now means being very computer literate. David Scorgie stated that Scott Park  
never impressed him with his computer skills.  
[652] The firing or dismissal of Bindon by David Scorgie had more to do with David Scorgie’s  
dislike of Pervez than with his discovery of Bindon’s purchases. In fact, David Scorgie stated  
that he did not know if he had just cause to fire Bindon, and that is why he gave her 30 days’  
notice. As well, Bindon stated that she wanted to invest in real estate because she was looking  
out for herself as she did not have a pension, and also that it was none of David Scorgie’s  
business. David Scorgie questioned how it was that Bindon could afford to purchase the property  
in question which led to the firing, yet it appears from the evidence that he was not aware that  
Bindon was also doing additional work for Lex Notitia and other lawyers. The evidence does not  
support a reasonable inference to be drawn against Scott Park as a result of the dismissal because  
as David Scorgie stated, he was not sure that he had just cause to fire her.  
[653] As for Scott Park’s failure to oversee Bindon’s work, again, this may well be indicative  
of poor practice on the part of a lawyer, but professional negligence is not synonymous with  
conspiracy to commit fraud.  
[654] There was evidence that Scott Park knew of bonus payments to Bindon by Pervez. The  
evidence of Bindon disclosed only one bonus payment directly from Pervez. Bindon stated that  
she went to see Scott Park and Scott Park ended up giving her the Pervez bonus through his  
general account. Bindon acknowledged that there were other bonus payments from Scott Park  
and assumed that they were coming indirectly from Pervez. However, there is no direct or  
indirect evidence to support this assumption. It should also be noted that David Scorgie  
confirmed that Scott Park gave the three employees bonus payments, and stated that he had told  
Scott Park that the bonuses should have been paid through David Scorgie’s management  
company. There was also some suggestion, which was not denied by David Scorgie, that the  
bonuses came from a large payment on the Trang trial.  
[655] The Crown argues that no transactions as shown in the trust ledgers reveal the provision  
of cash to close any purchase nor adjustments to the cash at close required to close a transaction.  
Again, if Pervez, as the vendor, already had the down payments and additional deposits, then  
there would be no other monies needed to close the transactions except the mortgage proceeds. If  
Bindon is believed, Pervez did not believe in tax adjustments. Further, the trust ledger (Exhibit  
109) only provides partial information as there are missing pages. These trust ledgers were  
described as Pervez’s basket general ledger. If Bindon is believed, Scott Park and David Scorgie  
basically had the same accounting systems and trust ledgers but that they were separate. If the  
Court is to assume that David Scorgie was following the Law Society requirements (Exhibit 200)  
and part five of the Rules of the Law Society of Alberta, and if Bindon was truthful on this point,  
then it would be expected that Scott Park was also following the same rules, as Bindon indicated  
they both had the same systems except that they were separate. That would mean that there  
would be a double entry trust ledger system including a separate trust ledger account for each  
client, although the partial file opening log (Exhibit 109) discloses that file numbers were  
assigned for individual clients including clients other than those having to do with Pervez. This  
Page: 140  
was also confirmed by both Bindon and David Scorgie, that is, that Scott Park did work other  
than real estate for Pervez. As a result, one would expect that there would be individual trust  
ledgers. Further, there are two individual trust ledgers which do form part of Exhibit 109 (p. 19).  
These individual trust ledgers as contained in Exhibit 109 lead to a reasonable inference that  
there would have been individual client trust ledgers in existence.  
[656] The trust ledger number 30,432 (Exhibit 109) entitled “General,” as described by Bindon,  
was a catchall basket accounting for Pervez and not an individualized client ledger. The  
testimony of Bindon appears to be supported by the documented evidence as it relates to  
documents entitled “directions to pay.” The directions to pay which were signed by Pervez or on  
behalf of his companies directed that Scott Park hold the sale proceeds from an existing sale for  
future transactions or deals. The standard wording on the directions to pay was as follows: “The  
balance to Scott Park Professional Corporation to be held in trust pending completion of various  
real estate deals” (Exhibit 5, p. 128; Exhibit 9, p. 101; Exhibit 10, p. 120; Exhibit 17, p. 149;  
Exhibit 19, p. 101; Exhibit 21, p. 107).  
[657] Also relevant on this point is Bindon’s evidence that virtually all of the entries regarding  
monies in and out were done by her, and the evidence of her own communications on Scott Park  
letterhead. It is difficult to determine exactly what Scott Park might have known or suspected.  
[658] Scott Park had in his possession a blank Residential Real Estate Purchase Contract used  
in every transaction in which he participated. It is difficult to understand why a negative  
inference should be drawn in a circumstance where a lawyer who does a fair amount of real  
estate work would have in his possession a standard pre-printed Residential Real Estate Purchase  
Contract which is produced by the Multiple Listing Service.  
[659] The Crown asserts that the banking records of straw buyers Royston Frederick, Jawad  
Choudhary, Robbie Madan and Derek Duncombe support the inference that Scott Park provided  
trust money knowing that the funds would be deposited in an effort to mislead lenders as to the  
existence of a down payment.  
[660] In relation to Robbie Madan (Exhibit 40), the documents show a deposit into Robbie  
Madan’s bank account on May 30, 2003 of $8,000. Robbie Madan stated that Kahlon gave him a  
bank draft of unknown origin for $8,000 which he did deposit into his account. Madan stated that  
he then obtained, at the direction of Kahlon, a bank draft for $8,000 made payable to Scott Park.  
By looking at the back of the bank draft (Exhibit 40, p. 14), it appears to have been deposited  
into Scott Park’s account on June 3, 2003. Kahlon stated that he gave Robbie Madan the money  
to show the down payment went into his account, and this was likely at the request of the  
mortgage broker. Kahlon stated that the bank draft to Scott Park was needed to show that there  
was a down payment. It is not clear why the bank draft to Scott Park would be needed to show  
the down payment because the proof of the monies being in Robbie Madan’s account was  
evident from the transaction record of the bank draft given by Kahlon to Robbie Madan (Exhibit  
20, p. 212). In any event, there was no evidence presented to show what was said to Scott Park  
Page: 141  
when he was given the bank draft of $8,000 at the time of the deposit, or, in fact, what happened  
to this $8,000 after it went into the trust account.  
[661] With respect to Jawad Choudhary, there is a trust cheque from the Scott Park trust  
account in the sum of $7,500, dated July 2, 2003, and payable to Javad Chaudry (Exhibit 41, p.  
119). Scott Park was acting for Pervez as the seller in this transaction. The Offer to Purchase  
(Exhibit 41, p. 75) stated that the deposit was given directly to the vender Pervez. There is also a  
gift letter dated July 2, 2003, to J. Choudhary from Haroon Choudhary in the amount of $7,500.  
There is no evidence presented that Scott Park knew that Pervez never got the deposit from the  
buyer nor that the gift letter was false.  
[662] The conditions imposed by ResMor Trust Company (Exhibit 41, p. 72) regarding the  
down payment were that: “Gifted funds must be verified as being deposited to the bank account  
no less than 15 days prior to the funding date (CMHC requirement) and be verified by a bank  
statement showing the purchaser’s name and account number.” It would not be unreasonable to  
draw the inference that Pervez told Scott Park that he had received the down payment as stated  
on the Offer to Purchase, but that the buyer needed the money back to meet the conditions of the  
ResMor Trust mortgage approval. It should be noted that the Offer to Purchase in this transaction  
is dated May 26, 2003 and that the ResMor Trust conditions are dated June 26, 2003. The cheque  
in question is dated July 2, 2003, and it would not be an unreasonable inference that Pervez  
directed that a cheque in the sum of $7,500 be payable to the buyer from the general basket  
ledger account, number 30,432.  
[663] In relation to Royston Frederick, Scott Park acted for both the vendor, Pervez’s  
numbered company, and the purchaser, Royston Frederick. There is a Scott Park trust cheque  
made payable to Royston Frederick for $24,000 dated November 30, 2001, and the ‘re’ at the  
bottom of the cheque simply has the number 30,432 (Exhibit 14, p. 121). The Offer to Purchase  
(pp. 97-98) is dated October 6, 2001, and states that the purchaser gave Pervez the deposits for  
the down payment. There is also a gift letter for $24,000 dated October 23, 2001 from Rashid (p.  
109). The mortgage broker application for the mortgage approval for Royston Frederick stated  
that the down payment was from a relative in the amount of $25,000 (p. 66). Based on Ken  
Finley’s evidence, the gift letter would have been sent to the lender as part of the approval  
package.  
[664] The mortgage was approved on November 2, 2001. The mortgage was then signed before  
Scott Park on November 5, 2001 and registered at Land Titles on November 8, 2001. The  
reporting to the lender was on November 13, 2001 by way of a letter signed by Bindon (pp. 71-  
72). The letter requested the deposit of the mortgage funds into the Scott Park trust account. The  
letter also stated: “As a result of acting for all parties in this transaction, we confirm the lender  
has acknowledged the receipt of the down payment directly from the purchaser.”  
[665] The next document in time is a fax cover sheet (p. 111), dated November 22, 2001, which  
states: “To: Virginia First Marathon/From: Kelly.” The body of the fax cover sheet reads as  
follows: “Please find enclosed affidavit of each of the buyer and seller regarding the down  
Page: 142  
payment. Kindly authorise release of funds.” The affidavits being referred to are, firstly, in  
relation to Royston Frederick (p. 113), which is sworn before Scott Park on November 21, 2001.  
Royston Frederick swore under oath that the down payment was a gift from Rashid and  
confirmed the down payment was given directly to the seller Pervez. The other affidavit is that of  
Pervez (p. 112). It is sworn before Bindon on November 22, 2001. It states that Royston  
Frederick gave him the $24,000 directly.  
[666] Next in the sequence of transactions is the cheque in the sum of $24,000 from the Scott  
Park trust account dated November 30, 2001. This cheque was deposited into Royston  
Frederick’s bank account on November 30, 2001 (p.123). The mortgage was then advanced on  
the December 4, 2001 (p.115). The lender in this case was First Marathon.  
[667] Fabio Lupinetti testified in relation to the First Marathon mortgages. When asked about  
the above sequence of events, Fabio Lupinetti indicated that he had heard of some lenders  
requiring proof of deposit of a down payment into the borrower’s own bank account. Therefore,  
the most reasonable inference to be drawn from the sequence of events is that Pervez told Scott  
Park to write out a cheque to Royston Frederick for the amount of $24,000, being the amount  
Pervez stated he had received from Royston Frederick. The reason for providing Royston  
Frederick with the cheque would be to allow Royston Frederick to meet the bank’s requirement  
of showing the deposit into his own account.  
[668] In relation to Derek Duncombe (Exhibit 36), there is a Scott Park trust cheque made  
payable to CIBC/Derek Duncombe dated March 14, 2003 in the sum of $48,000 (p.160). The  
‘re’ states: “Duncombe credit line payout.” This cheque was deposited into Derek Duncombe’s  
account on April 9, 2003 (p.25) and on the same day there was a withdrawal of $43,642.67, and  
a cheque written on April 22, 2003 for $4,236. The $4,236 cheque went to Kahlon (Exhibit 36,  
p.168). Another cheque for $40,424 dated April 9, 2003 was also given to Kahlon by Derek  
Duncombe (p.138). The lender, MCAP, gave instructions to Scott Park to retain from the  
mortgage proceeds, prior to advancing the funds, the secured CIBC line of credit amount of  
$48,000 (p.153). Bindon stated that it was her handwriting on p.153 which stated: “we have held  
back $48,000 for CIBC issue.”  
[669] Derek Duncombe stated that he knew that the line of credit had to be removed. He stated  
that Kahlon gave him the $48,000 on the basis that when the house he was buying was sold,  
Kahlon would be paid back the $48,000. Although the line of credit was secured for up to  
$48,000, there was only approximately $4,000 owing and that is why the approximate $44,000  
was returned to Kahlon. It should be further noted that Kahlon stated that he phoned Bindon and  
told her that he needed a cheque for $48,000, and Bindon gave him the cheque.  
[670] The above sequence of events does not lead to a negative inference being drawn against  
Scott Park. The lender was stating that there had to be a payout of the $48,000 line of credit.  
Scott Park in fact wrote out a cheque payable to CIBC/Derek Duncombe, and specifically noted  
in the body of the cheque: “Duncombe/credit line payout.” It would appear that Scott Park was  
trying to meet the lender’s requirements.  
Page: 143  
[671] The trust ledgers (Exhibit 109), as shown in relation to the payments made to Royston  
Frederick, Jawad Choudhary, Robbie Madan and Derek Duncombe, do not support an inference  
that Scott Park was aware that the mortgage applications contained false representations, as  
suggested by the Crown. The trust ledger as it relates to Tony Germsheid and Gregory Coates  
has already been dealt with separately in the section on probable membership.  
[672] In general terms, the evidence of the trust ledgers is incomplete. Further, there was  
evidence of Bindon which could support a finding that individual client trust ledgers did exist as  
required by the Law Society Rules (similar to Exhibit 109, p.19).  
[673] Some of the lender witnesses, mortgage brokers and the appraiser Ronald Dinning,  
confirmed the existence of incentive programs which builders and developers use to entice  
people to buy their properties. The incentives range from cash back or the first couple of  
monthly mortgage payments being covered by the vender or the payment of all legal costs being  
covered by the vendor. These same witnesses stated that they felt there was nothing wrong with  
this type of practice. Further, there is no evidence as to whether or not Scott Park made inquiries,  
and if he did, what he was or was not told by Pervez.  
[674] The trust ledger entry for Lyle Petty (Exhibit 33) is in the amount of $22,635 (Exhibit  
109, p. 29). The evidence of Bindon is that she recruited her brother to buy the property in  
question. Further, Lyle Petty stated that he had not met with Scott Park and did not know him.  
The Land Title documents in relation to Lyle Petty (Exhibit 33) show that Bindon witnessed  
Pervez’s signature on the transfer to Lyle Petty. Further, she swore the Affidavit of Execution  
before Aileen Letendre (p. 20), was the witness to Lyle Petty on the mortgage, and swore the  
Affidavit of Execution before Jerry Samoridny.  
[675] The Offer to Purchase (p. 70) shows the buyer’s lawyer as being Scott Park, but with  
Bindon’s phone number and Pervez’s fax number. The reporting letter to the lender is signed by  
Bindon for Scott Park (p. 85). The only document which might have Scott Park’s signature on it  
is a pre-printed form from the Toronto-Dominion Bank to Scott Park entitled: “Additional  
Information” (p. 101). At the bottom of this form there is typed the word “solicitor,” and  
underneath it “name.” There is no name written in relation to the entry “name.” The signature  
next to “solicitor” does not resemble that of Scott Park as identified by Bindon on other  
documents.  
[676] There is a credit entry for Lyle Petty on February 20, 2003 in the amount of $123,335  
(Exhibit 109, p. 28) which is the amount of the mortgage. There is also a debit entry of February  
20, 2003 (p. 29) which has written: “pymt-l.petty” for $22,635. There is a deposit into Lyle  
Petty’s bank account of $22,635 (Exhibit 33, p. 163). In addition, Bindon stated that the number  
appearing on the trust ledger under the column entitled “Folio” was the cheque number for the  
amount debited. The number recorded in relation to the Lyle Petty cheque in the sum of $22,635  
is 1356. No cheque was entered into evidence. Lyle Petty testified that the $22,635 cheque was  
from Pervez and that Bindon deposited it into his account.  
Page: 144  
[677] With respect to Marie Kapeller, Lyle Petty’s wife, there is a trust ledger entry of $25,235  
on February 20, 2003 (Exhibit 109, p. 43). The evidence also discloses that she was recruited by  
Bindon. Marie Kapeller stated that she did not know Scott Park and had not met him. In relation  
to the Land Titles documentation regarding Marie Kapeller (Exhibit 34), the Affidavit of  
Execution in relation to the transfer and the mortgage signed by Marie Kapeller is sworn by  
Bindon before Jerry Samoridny (p. 23). The reporting letter to the lender is signed by Bindon for  
Scott Park (p. 49). As in the situation with Lyle Petty, the only document which might have Scott  
Park’s signature is on the pre-printed form from the lender to Scott Park entitled “Additional  
Information” (p. 65). The signature on the document purporting to be that of Scott Park is in fact  
different from the signature which appears on the similar document “Additional Information”  
that is contained in Exhibit 33 (p. 101). It should be noted that the “Additional Information”  
document (Exhibit 34) is purportedly signed on February 21, 2003 which is one day after the  
mortgage funds were advanced.  
[678] The credit entry transfer in the trust ledger in the sum of $126,185 matches Marie  
Kapeller’s mortgage amount (Exhibit 109, p. 28). On the same ledger page is the debit entry  
stating “payment Marie Kapeller,” in the sum of $25,235 on February 20, 2003. Marie  
Kapeller’s bank statements show a deposit into her account of $25,235 (Exhibit 34, p. 86). The  
cheque number referred to in the trust ledger (p. 28) for the Marie Kapeller payment of $25,236  
is shown as 1354. No cheque was entered into evidence. Marie Kapeller stated that she thought  
the $25,235 came from Bindon.  
[679] Bindon’s evidence was that in relation to all of the transactions, when it came time to get  
a cheque from Scott Park she would write out a slip request or requisition type of form.  
However, in relation to the payments made to her brother Lyle Petty and her sister-in-law Marie  
Kapeller, Bindon testified that she did not know why they got the cheques.  
[680] The above evidence does not establish that Scott Park was part of the processing of the  
mortgages. He was not a witness to the mortgages, nor did he sign the reporting letters to the  
lenders which resulted in the mortgage funds being advanced. These letters were signed by  
Bindon. Further, there is no evidence as to what Bindon may have endorsed on the cheque  
requisition request that she provided to Scott Park. There is no evidence to show that the cheques  
were actually made out to Lyle Petty and Marie Kapeller as opposed to Pervez. Pervez was  
entitled to give direction in relation to the monies in his general basket ledger account. Lyle  
Petty believed that the cheque came from Pervez, while Marie Kapeller believed that the monies  
came from Bindon.  
[681] I find that the above evidence does not raise an inference that Scott Park was aware that  
the mortgage applications for Lyle Petty and Marie Kapeller contained false representations,  
merely as a result of the two trust ledger entries.  
[682] There is a further debit entry in the trust ledger (Exhibit 109, p. 43) to Marie Kapeller in  
the sum of $30,000. The number in the column “Folio 1744" represents the cheque number. No  
cheque was produced into evidence. The lawyer in relation to this mortgage for Marie Kapeller  
Page: 145  
was Pops Venkatraman (Exhibit 43). Marie Kapeller’s bank statements show a deposit into her  
account on November 10, 2003 in the sum of $33,750 (Exhibit 43, p. 175). Marie Kapeller stated  
that she believed that the $33,750 came from Bindon.  
[683] On the same day, Marie Kapeller’s van loan in the amount of $29,649.98 was paid out. It  
should be noted that the amount of $30,000 entered on the trust ledger does not match the  
deposit into Marie Kapeller’s bank account. What is of interest in relation to the van loan payout  
is that several documents regarding Marie Kapeller’s mortgage application and documentation  
including the van loan payout, were seized from Scott Park’s house. One inference which could  
be drawn from this is that Scott Park must have been part of the preparation of Marie Kapeller’s  
fraudulent mortgage application. However, another equally reasonable inference to be drawn is  
that since Bindon recruited her sister-in-law into the fraudulent scheme, the material found in  
Scott Park’s house may have been in one of the boxes which Bindon gave to Scott Park  
sometime in 2004 or 2005. This is not an unreasonable inference considering that it would  
appear from the evidence entered in this trial, that this is the only seizure (Exhibit 109, Tab 12)  
made from Scott Park which contained the supporting documentation for a mortgage application  
and payout on the van loan along with the Offer to Purchase.  
[684] The Crown submits that the record of legal proceedings demonstrates that there were  
significant deficiencies with mortgage applications relied on by the Bank of Montreal as early as  
February 2003 and that Scott Park continued to act in the face of that knowledge.  
[685] The Crown’s argument is in reference to a letter dated February 11, 2003 to Scott Park  
from the lawyer acting on behalf of the Bank of Montreal (Exhibit 1, pp. 17-18, 399-400). There  
is a further letter from the Bank of Montreal to Scott Park dated March 17, 2003 (Exhibit 1, pp.  
21-22) which basically repeats the contents of the February 11, 2003 letter. The February 11,  
2003 letter states that the Bank of Montreal is investigating circumstances surrounding the  
application for, approval of and funding of mortgages for Sheila Holloway, Ahmed Joma,  
Ibrahim Baalbai, Angelo Rousseau, Marco Quintella, Michael Albert, Sheila Straub and Royston  
Frederick. The letter requests that Scott Park provide a copy of his files in relation to these  
clients. Also, the letter goes on to state that some of the mortgages in relation to the ones being  
investigated, and others, still require Scott Park to provide a final reporting.  
[686] It should be noted that the names Ahmed Johma, Ibrahim Baalbai, Angelo Rousseau and  
Marco Quintella did not appear on any of the recruiters’ lists (Guito/Caroca, Exhibit 162;  
Choudhary, Exhibit 164; Kahlon, Exhibit 160; Rashid, Exhibit 158; Monahan, Exhibit 166).  
[687] Based on the addresses provided in the letter, the Sheila Straub mortgage being referred  
to forms part of Exhibit 5, registered in September 2001; Sheila Holloway, contained in Exhibit  
10, registered October 2001; Michel Albert, in Exhibit 17, registered November 2001, and  
Royston Frederick, contained in Exhibit 19, registered in February 2002. The only Bank of  
Montreal mortgage after the specific date on the letter of February 13, 2003 was in late February  
2003, and the lawyer was Robert Burgener (Exhibit 35). Bindon stated that she believed that she  
Page: 146  
saw the February 13, 2003 letter. She believed that Scott Park asked her to get the files ready for  
him, and that he was not happy.  
[688] It is clear from the Bank of Montreal letter that it was investigating mortgages involving  
some of Scott Park’s clients. These mortgages were done in the fall of 2001 and February 2002.  
The letter does not suggest that Scott Park was being investigated. The letter also makes it clear  
that final reports had still not been provided for mortgages funded a year or more before the  
letter.  
[689] The issue of the final reports would also have been brought to Scott Park’s attention from  
letters sent as third or fourth requests from various lenders in the Spring of 2003 (Exhibit 194,  
Toronto-Dominion, Bank of Montreal, MCAP, National Bank). These requests generally stated  
that if no final report was provided within 15 days of the request, Scott Park would be reported  
to the Law Society of Alberta. It should be remembered that Bindon testified that she was the  
one who kept the open files at her house and only gave Scott Park the files once they were all  
completed. Therefore, until the final reporting was done, the files would have remained in  
Bindon’s possession.  
[690] There was no evidence presented as to whether or not Scott Park provided the files  
requested by the Bank of Montreal to its solicitor.  
[691] Further, it is reasonable to infer that the result of the letter from the Bank of Montreal in  
February 2003 and the threats from the various lenders to report Scott Park to the Law Society of  
Alberta in the Spring of 2003 was the creation of the handwritten note by Scott Park to Bindon  
(Exhibit “Z” for Identification). The contents of the handwritten note clearly address the issues  
raised in the Bank of Montreal letter and the late final reporting. The handwritten note to Bindon,  
firstly, states: “We need to get organized.” The note goes on to state priorities, and three matters  
are listed. The first simply states: “trust,” the second states: “Bank of Montreal stuff,” and the  
third states: “new deals !Kelly. Please do not take any new deals (unless ok’d by me). We need  
to get the reportings done on the old stuff. Keep current!”  
[692] The acts or documents of Scott Park which raise suspicion after being advised of the  
investigation by the Bank of Montreal and the requests for final reporting by the lenders between  
February and June 2003 include the transactions regarding Derek Duncombe, Robbie Madan,  
Jawad Choudhary, Royston Frederick, Lyle Petty and Marie Kapeller. These transactions were  
analysed earlier. It would also appear that Scott Park directed that there be no new files opened  
unless approved by him, as stated in his memo (Exhibit “Z” for Identification). The  
documentation appears to indicate that the only new deals taken after February 13, 2003, as they  
relate to individual counts, and where there is an Offer to Purchase, that is, after February 13,  
2003, are contained in Exhibits 39, 40, 41 and 43. The evidence further discloses that Scott  
Park’s dealings with Pervez’s properties was basically over by July 2003.  
[693] In addition to the legal proceedings referred to by the Crown as it relates to the Bank of  
Montreal letter in February 2003, Scott Park was sued by the Bank of Montreal on May 27, 2003  
Page: 147  
(Exhibit 1, pp. 421-430). Scott Park filed a Statement of Defence to the action against him  
alleging fraud on June 13, 2003 (Exhibit 1, pp. 433-436). The transactions which require  
examination after the filing of the Statement of Defence are in relation to Jawad Choudhary  
(Exhibit 42) and Marie Kapeller (Exhibit 43) which have been previously discussed. In addition,  
there is the issue of the transaction or the purchase of Greg Coates in August 2003 which has  
already been addressed in the section on probable membership. There is also the issue of three  
properties being transferred to Scott Park’s company, Lex Notitia, two of which occurred after  
June 2003. The transactions regarding the assumption of mortgages by Scott Park’s company  
Lex Notitia have already been dealt with above.  
Conclusion  
[694] The Crown submits that the totality of the evidence leads to the unavoidable conclusion  
that Scott Park was a member of the conspiracy. The Crown submits that every time Scott Park  
requested funds from a mortgage lender for a mortgage that was advanced as part of the  
conspiracy, his actions furthered the purpose of the conspiracy. Further, the conspiracy could not  
have been realized without a person who was prepared to occupy the role that Scott Park  
occupied. Further, the Crown argues that Scott Park requested and advanced the mortgage funds  
with the knowledge of his role in the conspiracy and with an intention to agree to perform his  
role or that he was wilfully blind.  
[695] In addition to all of the questions with respect to Scott Park’s involvement which are  
raised by the analysis above, the following additional questions remain unanswered:  
-
How is the note to Bindon consistent with the Crown’s theory (Exhibit “Z” for  
Identification)?  
-
-
-
-
Why would it be necessary to hide the undischarged mortgages from Scott Park?  
Why would Scott Park know about Bindon’s own mortgages?  
Why did Bindon have documentation which was not in individual client files?  
Why would it be necessary to have Pervez’s fax number and Bindon’s phone  
number for Scott Park - to deceive whoever would attempt to contact Scott Park?  
-
-
-
Why would Scott Park explain documents to straw buyers?  
Why would co-conspirators tell straw buyers to lie to Scott Park?  
Why would Scott Park require a deposit from Kerry Novak and Kerry Park?  
Page: 148  
-
Why would Scott Park sign an Affidavit of Transferee in Exhibit 29 stating that  
the transaction did not close due to a lack of cash to close?  
[696] For all of the reasons stated in the analysis regarding probable membership and  
membership, having considered all of the evidence in detail, I am left with a reasonable doubt  
that Scott Park was a member of the conspiracy. Although there are certain transactions or  
documentation which raise suspicion and probability of membership by Scott Park in the  
conspiracy, there is insufficient evidence to establish his membership in the conspiracy beyond a  
reasonable doubt.  
[697] Although I am not satisfied that the evidence establishes that Scott Park committed or  
aided and abetted in committing one or more of the fraudulent acts, the Court would still be  
required to determine whether that evidence, taken together with all of the other evidence, raised  
an inference that Scott Park adopted and consented to participate in the conspiratorial agreement  
which could lead to a conviction on the conspiracy charge. Logically, such an inference would  
be more easily drawn if Scott Park had committed the frauds as contemplated in the  
conspiratorial agreement, although it would be possible to establish guilt without  
accomplishment of the goals of the conspiracy. However, the Crown’s theory was based on the  
circumstantial evidence of involvement in and knowledge of the frauds or wilful blindness with  
respect to the conspiracy, and in fact this was its strongest hand. As stated earlier, the evidence  
or the dearth of evidence and the illegal roles played by the co-conspirators are insufficient to  
establish beyond a reasonable doubt Scott Park’s involvement in the conspiracy.  
[698] Liability for a charge of conspiracy to commit fraud may also be established where the  
accused had aided and abetted in the formation of or adherence of others to the agreement.  
Facilitating meetings between others in order to further a conspiratorial agreement between them  
would presumably result in liability. It is more likely that if there was involvement of this type,  
along with other acts and declarations, this could give rise to an inference of adherence by Scott  
Park to the conspiracy itself. However, although there is clearly evidence that Scott Park  
purchased properties and encouraged friends and acquaintances to do so, that evidence for the  
reasons stated above is insufficient to establish beyond a reasonable doubt that Scott Park did  
and intended to recruit individuals to become part of the conspiracy, as opposed to simply  
participating in what he may have perceived to be a legitimate business opportunity.  
Specifically, the evidence of Germsheid, Coates and Kerry Park described a scheme which  
loosely resembled the one designed by Pervez, but which also differed in significant respects.  
The evidence suggests that the plan pitched by Scott Park to his friends was to flip properties  
after adding value through renovations. It is worth noting that from all appearances, the  
storefront business run by Pervez, with its whiteboard itemizing renovations to be done on  
various properties, could have been perceived by outsiders to be a legitimate business. The  
evidence leaves me with a reasonable doubt as to whether Scott Park was actually ascribing to a  
conspiracy to commit fraud as opposed to attempting to profit from involvement in a legitimate  
business.  
Page: 149  
[699] As mentioned above, there is no doubt whatsoever that the real estate practice carried on  
by Scott Park left much to be desired, but that is not the issue before this Court. As pointed out  
by the Crown, a lawyer is a key ingredient in such a scam, and this case will undoubtedly serve  
as a cautionary tale to those practising real estate law in this province.  
[700] For all of the reasons stated, I find that the Crown has not proven beyond a reasonable  
doubt that Scott Park was a member of the conspiracy to commit fraud, nor that he was a party to  
the conspiracy through aiding and abetting, and therefore I find him not guilty of Count 2.  
Heard between the 7th day of April, 2008 and the 22nd day of May, 2009.  
Dated at the City of Edmonton, Alberta this 31st day of July, 2009.  
Vital O. Ouellette  
J.C.Q.B.A.  
Appearances:  
Michelle C. Doyle  
and Cheryl Schlecker  
(Crown Prosecutor’s Office)  
for the Crown  
Murray Stone  
for the Accused  


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