ONTARIO COURT OF JUSTICE  
DATE: August 13, 2014  
COURT FILE No.: Halton 3308/10  
Citation: R. v. Adams, 2014 ONCJ 746  
B E T W E E N :  
HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN  
AND —  
Herbert ADAMS  
Before Justice R.J. LeDressay  
Heard on September 16, 17, 18, 19, 23, 24, 25, 26, 30, October 1, 2, 3, 7, 8, 9,  
0, 21, 22, 23, 24, December 6, 9, 16, 17, 18, 19, 24, 2013 January 2, and April  
1, 2014  
Reasons for Judgment released on August 13, 2014  
1
1
Arish Khoorshed .................................................................................. Counsel for the Crown  
Andrew Furgiuele...................................................... Counsel for the accused Herbert Adams  
LeDRESSAY J.:  
Index to Judgment:  
Index: Page 1  
Charges: Page 3  
Overview:  
A: Background and Share Structure of Majestic Supply Company and  
Suncastle Developments Incorporated: Page 4  
Overview:  
B: Majestic  The Business: Page 7  
The Issues: Page 19  
2 —  
The Evidence: Page 20  
A. Crown Evidence: Page 20  
1. Steven Bishop: Page 20  
2
. Other Persons Involved in the Business of Majestic: Page 37  
i. Noel Shahnazarian: Page 37  
ii. Carlo Toscano: Page 51  
iii. Paul Socholotiuk: Page 66  
iv. Homeric Arvanitis: Page 71  
v. Dale Hicks: Page 75  
vi. Tom Yaworski: Page 80  
. The Investors: Page 84  
3
i. John Lynch: Page 84  
ii. Laurene Rogers: Page 91  
iii. Harold Elke: Page 101  
iv. Jeff Hinchey: Page 103  
v. Gordon Russell: Page 104  
vi. Douglas Paul: Page 108  
vii. Glen Boles: Page 114  
viii. Reginald Rudko: Page 116  
ix. Mark Bilocerkowec: Page 121  
x. Tom Minnett: Page 126  
4. Expert Evidence: Page 129  
i.  
Paul De Souza: Page 129  
B. Defence Evidence: Page 144  
i. Herbert Adams: Page 144  
ii. John Dow: Page 196  
iii. Thomas Brown: Page 205  
iv. William Stark: Page 220  
v. Daniel Le Blanc: Page 222  
The Law: Page 227  
Onus: Page 227  
Reasonable Doubt: Page 227  
Assessment of the Evidence: Page 228  
R. v. W.(D.): Page 229  
The Legal Framework of Fraud: Page 231  
The Dishonest Act: Page 232  
3 —  
Deprivation and the Requirement for a Nexus between the Dishonest Act  
And Deprivation: Page 233  
Crown Position: Page 235  
Defence Position: Page 236  
Analysis: Page 236  
Conclusion: Page 271  
Charges:  
[
1] The accused, Herbert Adams, is charged with four criminal offences. They  
are as follows:  
st st  
Count # 1: Between the 1 day of February 2006 and the 31 day of May  
[
2]  
008, both dates inclusive, at the City of Burlington, and/or elsewhere in the  
2
Province of Ontario, that he did by deceit, falsehood or other fraudulent means,  
defraud the public namely: the shareholders of Majestic Supply Co. Inc. of a sum of  
money exceeding $5000 contrary to Section 380(1) (a) of the Criminal Code.  
th th  
Count # 2: Between the 9 day of November 2006 and the 14 day of May  
[
3]  
007, both dates inclusive, at the City of Burlington, and/or elsewhere in the  
2
Province of Ontario, that he did by deceit, falsehood or other fraudulent means,  
defraud John and Claudia Lynch of a sum of money exceeding $5000 contrary to  
Section 380(1) (a) of the Criminal Code.  
st th  
Count # 3: Between the 1 day of February 2006 and the 25 day of  
[
4]  
October 2007, both dates inclusive, at the City of Burlington, and/or elsewhere in the  
Province of Ontario, that he did by deceit, falsehood or other fraudulent means,  
defraud Laurene Rogers of a sum of money exceeding $5000 contrary to Section  
380(1) (a) of the Criminal Code.  
th  
[
5] Count # 4: on or about the 4 day of April 2007 at the City of Burlington,  
and/or elsewhere in the Province of Ontario, that he did by deceit, falsehood or other  
fraudulent means, defraud Harold Elke of a sum of money exceeding $5000  
contrary to Section 380(1) (a) of the Criminal Code.  
4 —  
Overview:  
A. Background and Share Structure of Majestic Supply Company and  
Suncastle Developments Incorporated:  
[
6] All of these charges relate to allegations that the accused, Adams,  
defrauded various shareholders of Majestic Supply Company Inc.  
[
7]  
However, there are two companies that are involved in this unfortunate  
saga which resulted in very significant monetary losses to a number of investors.  
Those companies are Suncastle Developments Incorporated (“Suncastle”) and  
Majestic Supply Company Inc. (“Majestic”). These two companies had separate  
corporate structures, but both were founded by Adams, both operated out of the  
same premises at the relevant time, both seemed to be engaged in attempting to  
develop the same technologies and Suncastle owned a significant portion of  
Majestic shares. Their stories are therefore inextricably linked.  
[
8] Exhibit #112 is an agreed statement of fact. It details the corporate  
structure of these two companies.  
[
9]  
Suncastle was incorporated on February 22, 1983 initially under the name  
of Judith E. Ellis Sales Limited. The name was changed to Suncastle Developments  
th  
Incorporated on December the 6 , 1988. Adams, was noted as the secretary and  
Mary Kricfalusi was the president. Suncastle’s offices were located at 4450  
Mainway in Burlington. In 2003, Adams controlled Suncastle, which to this point had  
essentially been dormant, although according to Adams, Suncastle had accrued  
significant capital losses. Adams testified that he retained 20% ownership in  
Suncastle.  
nd  
On May 2 , 2003 Adams purchased 1562497 Ontario Incorporated. This  
[
10]  
corporation had previously been a shelf corporation operating under the name of  
Majestic. This new corporation, after amalgamation, ultimately became known as  
5 —  
Majestic Supply Company Inc. It is this company that is the principle subject matter  
of the charges before the court. Majestic’s offices were also at the same premises  
where Suncastle was located at 4450 Mainway Drive, Burlington. A number of  
employees worked at this location but it was often indiscernible which employee was  
working for which company.  
[
11]  
After 1562497 Ontario Inc. was purchased by Adams it originally had only  
th  
had a small number of shares. As of June 28 , 2005 this corporation only had 1,000  
shares in existence. Adams owned 450 of those shares.  
th  
[
12]  
According to a draft distribution agreement dated August 10 , 2005  
Suncastle was to be the company that would develop various ink and printing  
technology. Majestic was to be a sole distributor with the responsibility to market,  
sell and distribute Suncastle’s products.  
rd  
[
13]  
On October the 3 , 2005 an additional 99,000 Majestic shares were issued  
to Adams at a cost of $99.00 leaving him with 99,450 shares out of the 100,000  
shares in existence.  
th  
[
14]  
On October the 6 , 2005 the existing shares of Majestic were split 75:1  
resulting in Adams holding 7,458,750 shares out of an existing 7,500,000 shares. At  
this point the share capital of the company was $109.00. It is obvious then that  
these shares then had a negligible value considering the share capital of the  
company. It is also obvious that Adams had the overwhelming control of this  
company at this time.  
st  
[
15]  
On December the 1 , 2005 Adams disbursed all of the shares held in  
st  
Majestic that were in his name to others as set out in the December the 1 , 2005  
resolution of the sole director. 600,000 shares were transferred to Ken Asselstine,  
Adams’ brother, and 2,250,000 shares were transferred to Thomas Brown. The  
shares transferred to Mr. Asselstine and Mr. Brown were held in trust for Adams,  
however there were no longer any shares held in Adams own name as of this date.  
6 —  
[
16]  
From January 2006 to the end of March 2006, 1562497 Ontario Inc.  
(
operating as Majestic) issued and sold further shares to investors.  
st  
[
17]  
On April 1 , 2006 Adams filed articles of amalgamation and amalgamated  
1562497 Ontario Inc. with Decorative Impressions Inc. forming the new Majestic  
Supply Company. Adams was listed as one of the three directors of the company  
whose offices were located at 4450 Mainway in Burlington.  
[
18]  
When 1562497 Ontario Inc. amalgamated with Decorative Impressions on  
st  
April 1 , 2006, Decorative Impressions had 1,000,000 shares outstanding. Those  
shares and all existing shares in 1562497 Ontario Inc. were re-issued as shares to  
the new Majestic Supply Company on a 1:1 basis. Schedule “F” in Exhibit #112  
provides the complete list of shares that were issued at the opening of Majestic  
st  
Supply Company on April the 1 , 2006. There were a total of 9,710,000 shares and  
the company’s share capital was $249,909.00. According to Schedule “F”, Adams  
held 700,000 shares in Majestic Supply Company in addition to a significant number  
of shares assigned to Thomas Brown and Ken Asselstine that were being held for  
Adams in trust.  
[
19]  
Adams resigned from Majestic’s Board of Directors in November 2006. He  
remained influential as a consultant to Majestic and as being a substantial  
shareholder of Majestic stock. An issue at this trial is whether Adams was the  
directing mind and will of Majestic particularly after he resigned from Majestic’s  
Board of Directors in November 2006. There is no issue that Adams was the  
directing mind and will of Suncastle the entire relevant time period.  
st  
[
20]  
From April 1 , 2006 until Majestic collapsed and came under investigation  
in the spring of 2008, a number of investors acquired shares in Majestic through  
primary purchases from the Majestic treasury, through secondary purchases or  
through loan conversion agreements.  
[
21]  
During this time the number of shares of Majestic in existence had grown  
7 —  
by 4,920,619 shares to a total of 13,420,619 shares. The share increase had  
occurred through the issuance of additional shares, some for cash, some in  
exchange for services rendered and some for a comparatively small amount of cash  
consideration presumably in view of services rendered to the company. The total  
share capital in Majestic as of the spring of 2008 was $2,160,142.00.  
[
22] Over this same time period many investors were sold shares out of the  
holdings of existing Majestic shareholders. There were 98 transactions in which  
,933,040 shares were sold from the holdings of existing shareholders. Those  
3
share sales did not result in any increase in Majestic’s share capital as the money  
from the purchases went to the existing shareholders who had sold the shares.  
There is a chart as part of Exhibit #112 entitled “Secondary Sales and Transfers in  
the Majestic Stock” which sets out the secondary sales from each of six significant  
existing shareholders to numerous investors.  
[
23] Adams and Suncastle (Adams owned 20% of this company) and CGS  
owned by Adams) all divested themselves of Majestic shares during this time.  
(
[
24]  
In spring 2008 Majestic Supply Company ceased operations as the  
company was insolvent. The shareholders lost all of the money they had invested.  
Overview:  
B.  
Majestic - The Business  
[
25]  
The following is an overview of Majestic’s business operations. It  
necessarily demands some conclusions which are based on the evidence heard at  
trial. More comprehensive credibility assessments will be completed during the  
course of the judgment.  
[
26]  
According to the Adams evidence he envisioned Majestic as being an  
industry leader in environmentally safe products with innovative technologies for  
sale. Adams testified that after a number of conversations with Noel Shahnazarian  
8 —  
that he had become aware that the environmental laws were changing and that the  
large print industry was looking for alternative solutions. In particular, the accused  
became interested in a new ink product that was a water-based product but which  
had the same qualities as the solvent-based inks without the deleterious  
environmental effects that were related to the solvent-based inks. The large print  
industry relates to signs and other products that are printed on large format printers  
and which are generally used outdoors. The accused testified that he wanted  
Majestic to take advantage of this shifting landscape in this industry to focus on  
environmentally safe printing supplies and possibly do research and development in  
the printing field. The accused testified that he hoped that Majestic would be able to  
take advantage of multiple revenue streams.  
[
27]  
Adams subsequently met Carlo Toscano through Noel Shahnazarian.  
Toscano was knowledgeable and trained to service multiple printers as he was a  
national technical specialist for Hewlett Packard which was the market leader in  
large format printing at the time. Toscano was also an inkjet printer specialist and  
worked with Staedtler, which was an established company based in Germany that  
produced ink and related products and at its North American affiliate CGS. Toscano  
had worked for and trained with Staedtler and understood their products particularly  
a revolutionary new ink Staedtler had developed known as Lumo color. According to  
the accused, Toscano suggested purchasing this ink from Staedtler and then using a  
private label to sell the ink in North America.  
[
28]  
Lumo color ink entered the market in 2001. It was a water-based ink  
designed to replace solvent inks in large format printing, including outdoor  
applications. However the ink did not work without a proper heating application to  
get the ink to adhere to the media. A heating source was required to complete the  
printing process with the lumo color ink. According to Toscano’s evidence he  
estimated that a retrofit to turn a solvent printer into one that could print using lumo  
color ink was in the range of $40,000 to $50,000. According to Toscano there were  
no system integrators in North America that could do what Staedtler required in  
9 —  
order to make the lumo color work. Toscano did testify that he sold a retrofitted  
system to TACA printing company based in Vancouver but he was unsure if they  
ever ordered lumo color ink. Several companies in Europe had developed a viable  
solution as did a company in Japan.  
[
29] Toscano ultimately accepted the accused’s offer to work at Majestic and  
this included an ownership stake in Majestic.  
[
30]  
In 2005 Adams and Toscano wanted to establish a formal relationship  
between Suncastle and Staedtler. Therefore, Toscano was sent to Germany with a  
contract he received from the Suncastle’s lawyer Thomas Brown in the hope that  
Toscano could persuade Staedtler to agree to the contract. Toscano testified that he  
met with Dieter Steudtner, the International Sales Ink Manager at Staedtler. He  
stated that Steudtner liked the idea of partnering with Suncastle but refused to enter  
into a contract because Suncastle had not purchased enough ink from Staedtler.  
Suncastle needed to prove itself first.  
[
31]  
Toscano testified that when he relayed this information to the accused that  
the accused was furious that a contract was not arranged between Suncastle and  
Staedtler.  
[
32]  
The accused, however, testified that when Toscano returned he told the  
accused that Staedtler was excited about the potential partnership and that an  
executed contract would arrive in 3-4 weeks. This contract, according to the  
accused, would give Suncastle the right to distribute Staedtler’s water-based and  
pigment-based inks on a private label basis as well as the right to distribute lumo  
color ink on a private-label basis. Adams also said that Toscano produced a  
contract from Staedtler with an electronic signature. Toscano denied this. The  
lawyer Thomas Brown initially testified that the contract, which is Exhibit #105, was  
the contract he believed had been produced by Toscano but the date of that contract  
in August 2006 was well after Toscano left Majestic so his evidence is not helpful in  
resolving this factual disagreement.  
10 —  
[
33]  
It should be noted that the evidence is not clear as to whose evidence is  
correct about this issue. What has been established is that Suncastle was  
purchasing some limited quantities of ink from Staedtler during this time. There  
were, however, only two formal contracts produced at the trial. They are Exhibits  
#103 and #105 which were dated December 15, 2005 and August 15, 2006  
respectively. Both agreements are between Staedtler and Suncastle. The first is a  
non-disclosure agreement. The second is a contract for Suncastle to purchase ink  
from Staedtler with very limited exclusivity as the exclusivity is limited to Suncastle’s  
private label. In addition, lumo color ink is not included in this contract. These  
contracts were entered into only after Toscano had left Majestic.  
[
34]  
Shortly after this, in 2005, Toscano and Adams had a falling out and  
Toscano left the company. Not unexpectedly, Toscano and Adams disagreed  
regarding the reason for this falling out. Adams claimed that it was because  
Toscano had misled them about the Staedtler contract. Toscano claimed it was  
because Adams refused to take the company public.  
[
35]  
Toscano further claimed that he had been successful in creating the heating  
system to make lumo color ink work properly. However Adams maintained that  
when Toscano left he ransacked the premises and damaged two of the three  
printers. In addition, when Toscano left Adams testified that Toscano’s heating  
solution for the lumo color ink did not work. Toscano denied these allegations.  
[
36]  
Whether Toscano is being truthful or not regarding his evidence about the  
lumo color heating system working satisfactorily when he was with Majestic it is  
clear that Majestic did not have access to this technology after Toscano left Majestic  
so that it could be utilized in order for Majestic to make a profit on this revolutionary  
Lumo color Ink.  
[
37]  
It has also been clearly established that after Toscano left Majestic, neither  
Majestic nor Suncastle had solved or would be able to solve the vexing problem of  
how to properly heat the lumo color ink to make it market-ready.  
11 —  
[
38]  
For example, as a result of Toscano leaving Majestic, Adams hired Paul  
Socholotiuk who was also not successful in developing the heating device to be  
used with lumo color ink. After a further short period of time Carlo Fascio was also  
hired by Adams to perfect the heating device for the lumo color ink but he too was  
not successful in this regard, notwithstanding Fascio’s repeated promises that he  
could get the job done.  
[
39]  
After Toscano left Majestic, Adams also asked Noel Shahnazarian to reach  
out to Staedtler to re-engage in contract discussions. This eventually resulted in the  
contract which is Exhibit #103 being agreed to by Staedtler and Suncastle. This  
agreement is dated December 20, 2005. The agreement clearly states that it is a  
confidentiality or non-disclosure agreement only.  
[
40]  
Notwithstanding the clear language of the contract Noel Shahnazarian,  
Thomas Brown and Adams all claimed that they believed that Suncastle had  
exclusive private label rights to lumo color ink. It is hard to understand how  
supposedly competent business persons could so radically misunderstand the clear  
wording of this contract.  
[
41] The accused claimed that he knew of no other company importing Lumo  
color, notwithstanding Thomas Brown’s assertion that the contract which is Exhibit  
103 from December 2005 related to the parties maintaining confidentiality for their  
#
dealings because Staedtler already had an exclusive supplier for their brands in  
North America. Adams also claimed that he believed that Suncastle was in this  
advantageous position because of Staedtler’s commitment to giving Suncastle  
technical support, including software, diagrams converting the printers, and  
correspondence. Finally, the accused claimed that he relied on Shahnazarian and  
Brown in concluding that Suncastle had exclusivity with respect to lumo color ink.  
Adams stated that Suncastle would never have spent the time and money it did if  
they did not have exclusivity.  
[
42]  
On August 15, 2006 Suncastle and Staedtler entered into a further  
12 —  
agreement regarding Suncastle purchasing inks from Staedtler. None of the inks  
being purchased from Staedtler in this contract were the lumo color ink previously  
referred to. The exclusivity clause was limited to Suncastle purchasing these inks  
from Staedtler, and private labeling the inks for resale. The only commitment made  
by Staedtler was to not sell these same inks under Suncastle’s private label.  
Otherwise Staedtler was free to sell the same inks to anyone else so that person or  
company could resell those same inks using their own private label. In addition, for  
the agreement to remain in force Suncastle was required to meet certain quota  
demands in favour of Staedtler. This contract was clearly heavily weighted in  
Staedtler’s favour. It is perplexing in the extreme that this contract would lead  
anyone to believe that Suncastle had exclusive rights to lumo color ink or that  
Staedtler was being very supportive of Suncastle. It would appear that Staedtler  
would have been happy to deal with Suncastle if Suncastle ever properly developed  
the heating system required to make lumo color ink work but Suncastle never did  
get to that point.  
[
43]  
It is important to note that Adams claimed he believed that Suncastle had  
exclusive rights to lumo color ink right up until the time of this trial. Yet Adams also  
claimed that he did not tell investors about this obviously crucial piece of business  
information in order to persuade them to invest in Majestic or to purchase his own  
shares of Majestic. Based on the best and most reliable evidence, which is the  
contracts themselves which are Exhibits #103 and #105, it makes no sense for  
Adams or anyone else at Suncastle to have the belief that Suncastle had exclusive  
contractual rights to lumo color ink. The plain reading of these contracts refute  
Adams claim to exclusivity regarding lumo color ink. Adams further claim regarding  
his belief in exclusivity due to Staedtler’s support regarding the heating process  
shows that Staedtler wanted to work towards perfecting the heating process in order  
to develop their own market for lumo color ink and thus make it profitable for  
themselves but it does not support any concept of exclusivity with Suncastle as the  
contracts clearly demonstrate.  
13 —  
th  
[
44]  
As Mr. De Souza stated at page 53 of the October 10 transcript, “any Joe  
Blow from the public could enter into a similar transaction very easily.” On the  
following page he notes that, “if it’s available to the public then there is no business  
there.” This was the de facto situation regarding Majestic and Suncastle at this time.  
[
45] It should be noted that it makes even less sense for Adams to have kept  
this exclusivity belief to himself when as even he points in his evidence that Majestic  
was desperate for money. I find that Adams was well aware that they had not  
obtained exclusivity for the lumo color ink with Staedtler but that he tried to persuade  
investors to commit based on this incorrect information.  
[
46]  
At paragraph 41 of the accused’s submissions it is noted that “as 2006  
progressed, Majestic required capital”. As Adams noted in his evidence, Majestic  
was “desperate for money”. It should be noted therefore that the question arises as  
to why Majestic needed money at this point if there was no product to bring to  
market and considering Majestic’s stated purpose of marketing, selling and  
distributing Suncastle’s products.  
[
[
47]  
48]  
This was also the time when the Bishop and Fascio era began at Majestic.  
Steven Bishop testified that in the early months of 2006 he was working for  
a different company when he was approached by a person named Julio Ramirez.  
Ramirez told Bishop about a company in Burlington that had invented an ink that  
would revolutionize the industry. However, Ramirez told Bishop that this company  
was now broke due to the research and development costs to invent the new ink  
and so they were looking for venture capitalists to assist them.  
[
49]  
According to Bishop’s evidence, Adams told him and others in his  
presence, that the souken ink had been created by Noel Shahnazarian, who had ‘by  
fluke” created a polymer additive which had given Staedtler’ s ink the properties of  
solvent inks. Second, Adams told him, and others in his presence, that the research  
and development on the ink technology was complete, and that the product was  
14 —  
ready to go to market, subject only to finances to market and produce it; third,  
Adams told him, and others in his presence, that Suncastle/Majestic were the  
exclusive owners of this ink technology, and that no one else had it; fourth, Adams  
told him, and other investors, that the posters on the wall, including the large posters  
of Britney Spears and Jennifer Aniston, had been printed with souken ink. Finally, at  
Adams’ direction, he sold shares in Majestic to investors, passing on the  
understandings that he had obtained from Adams.  
[
50] Adams, in his evidence denied that he told Bishop these things alleged by  
Bishop in his evidence.  
[
51]  
Nevertheless, Bishop began to approach investors regarding Majestic and  
he was quite successful in selling both Majestic treasury shares and also in  
completing some secondary share sales of existing Majestic stock from existing  
shareholders, like Adams, to new investors. Bishop was paid by the combination of  
salary and commission regarding the new investors he brought in.  
[
52]  
In November 2006 Adams resigned from Majestic’s board of directors and  
Bishop was put on the board of directors at Adams insistence to ensure that the  
company ran properly. Subsequently Adams entered into a consulting agreement  
with Majestic.  
[
53]  
It should be noted that the evidence conflicts regarding whether Adams  
continued as the directing mind and will of Majestic after he resigned from the board  
of directors, but the evidence ultimately reveals that Adams continued to have de  
facto control of Majestic even though legal control rested with the board of directors.  
[
54]  
What is clear is that solicitation of investors for Majestic continued and  
Adams divested himself of a considerable number of his personal shares in Majestic  
through secondary sales.  
[
55] In early 2007 the heating device problem was still not solved by Socholotiuk  
but Socholotiuk had met Carlo Fascio. Fascio was an engineer who claimed he  
15 —  
could get the heating device to work. However, the heating device problem was  
never corrected.  
[
56]  
Majestic’s focus now shifted. According to Adams, while Fascio was  
working on the heating element, Majestic suffered through a sales crisis when a  
batch of their cartridges did not work on a large order to a company in Florida.  
Fascio purportedly looked at the D5 cartridge and announced that it was defective.  
He made modifications to it but the retrofit did not work. He then announced that he  
came up with a new cartridge that could fit HP machines and would not infringe any  
patents. However, the new cartridge never worked.  
[
57]  
There was also an attempt made by Fascio to develop a filling line for the  
cartridges and printers but this concept also failed to materialize in a workable  
fashion.  
[
58]  
In early 2008, Majestic failed. It had become insolvent and the company  
closed the doors at the Mainway location after moving its belongings to Fascio’s  
premises.  
[
59]  
As noted previously, the stated intention was for Suncastle to be the  
company that would develop various ink and printing technology while Majestic was  
to be a sole distributor with the responsibility to market, sell and distribute  
Suncastle’s products.  
[
60]  
Commission (OSC), noted the following at page 58 of the transcript of October 10,  
013. (Emphasis added)  
However, Mr. De Souza, the forensic accountant from the Ontario Security  
2
Q. And what about the fact that, that the whole business of Majestic  
seemed to be to distribute the products of Suncastle?  
A. That’s the information I picked up from the files in my early  
investigation, that it was set up to be a marketing arm to sell a product of  
Suncastle, et cetera. I never actually saw that happen. As far as the  
littlewhat I saw was, constantly, that either or both companies were  
in a kind ofresearch and development,trying to find a product forthe  
market. There wasn’t anything in terms of—there wasn’t really a product  
16 —  
in place, an agreement in place, and Majestic was ready to exploit that and  
market the particular product. It was very much in a rudimentary  
developmentstage and I couldn’t quite make the distinction between  
the two companies. I, I couldn’t for certain say who was responsible  
to be doing the R andthe research and development and who  
wasn’t. I think the financial statements at the end of the period were  
corrected at certain financial year-ends to, to transfer research and  
development into the appropriate company’s books, but during the  
intermittent period, before the transfer was made, either or both companies  
were responsible to research and carry out certain related expenditures.  
[
61]  
In addition, at page 68 of the same transcript he noted the following.  
(
Emphasis added)  
Q. Okay. All right. Let’s talk then about secondary share sales in the  
context of Majestic and Suncastle, but, really, Majestic shares. Youin  
your, in your investigation of this and in your review of the materials I take it  
you understand the stated purposes of these two companies, is that right?  
What was your understanding of the, basically, the raison d’être of, of  
Majestic and Suncastle?  
A. My initial understanding was that Majestic was going to be marketing a  
technology and a product which it was going to obtain through a licensing  
agreement from Suncastle and this was ready to go, so I thought there was  
some arrangement and it was going to exploit the  under the terms of the  
agreement  the sale of ink. I didn’t see that over the course of the two-  
to-three year financial history of the company and looking at the, at the  
books and records, and what I then saw is just, there afterwards, research  
and development into ink containers  I forget the exact  cartridges that  
were trying to be developed and getting them to function properly, and then  
there was indications of a heating process to cure the ink that was going to  
be employed, so the initial set-up of the company, which was going to be  
marketing of product, I didn’t see that any product actually existed. So  
my understanding was the company  both Majestic and Suncastle  
and I was never, in practical terms, I couldn’t make a distinction  
between the two as to who was responsible to develop the particular  
product. I did notice in the financial statements  and, again, I’m  
gleaning the information and taking the information as read and, and being  
correct  I, I see the Suncastle financial statements reflecting research  
and developing costs, so even if these were incurred sometimes by  
Majestic, they were re-charged to Suncastle, so Suncastle looked after  
some of the research of the company, of, of whatever it was doing, and  
Majestic was financing, in large part, some of the costs and expenditures  
relating to the research and development that was being carried out by  
Suncastle. So there were expenses and income flowing between the two  
companies through the inter-company accounts, and the accountant, atthe  
end of the fiscal period, would make certain adjustments by re-charging  
either or both of the companies, getting the expenses in the right time-  
frame, and then drawing up the financial statements for the years 2006,  
2
007, for both of the companies, and, for Suncastle, financial statements  
for March 2008, but Majestic doesn’t have financial statements for March  
1, 2008, so you have two years of financial statements and three years of  
financial statements for Suncastle, and I’m basically, for the purposes of  
3
17 —  
my review, I took the information, verbatim, from these financial statements  
and corroborated that information with the general ledger, which is the  
primary source of, of record-keeping kept by the company.  
[
62]  
The evidence of Mr. DeSouza also indicates that Suncastle and Majestic  
were not operating at arm’s-length. At Pages 57 and 58 of the October 10, 2013  
transcript he notes the following. (Emphasis added)  
Q. Okay. And I will be purporting to, or planning to, to return to that. One  
of the conclusions I’d like to talk about is the links and whether these  
companies operated “…at arm’s length”, was a phrase that was used. So  
what does that phrase mean, “At arm’s length”?  
A. Basically, that’s independence, independence, no conflicts of interest  
between the two entities, and that would be at arm’s length, so, in other  
words, independent entities or independent persons.  
Q. And did you find that these two entities were operating at arm’s  
length from one another?  
A. That was, that was not my understanding, and, again, it’s derived  
from what I saw from the files and information already accumulated at that  
point in time and based on both the companies operating from the same  
premises and….  
Q. Okay. So one, one feature was that they operated in the same  
premise. What other features placed them or linked them?  
A. Well, there was common shareholding; I mean, Suncastle owned  
shares of Majestic, quite a large chunk, so there was an interest between  
the two companies, so they were not, to that extent, not totally  
independent; there was commonality in, in the shareholding. I think Mr.  
Adams was also, at a point in time, a director of Majestic and also of  
Suncastle so there was common directorships, at least for a period of time.  
Q. Does it matter that Mr. Adams was the founder of both companies?  
A. Well, that definitely shows that, yes, if youI mean, I think the creation  
of both companies, at the inception, definitely Mr. Adams was involved at  
some point in time. I think, from a legal perspective  when I say, “legal  
perspective”, it’s board of directors — Mr. Adams got out of the directorship  
from Majestic, but certainly the creation of the companies was by the same  
founder so that definitely is a commonality and, and showed the  
relationship between the two companies.  
[
63]  
Therefore, while the accused had hoped that Majestic would be in a  
position to take advantage of multiple revenue streams this did not materialize. The  
evidence revealed some re-sales of D5 cartridges that had been purchased from a  
company in Korea, and refilled with Staedtler ink but it was revealed that there was a  
major problem with one of the main purchasers of the refilled cartridges in Florida.  
18 —  
The problem was so significant that Majestic, through Carlo Fascio, attempted to  
redesign the entire cartridge but did not do so successfully. The evidence also  
revealed a relatively minor printing contract for Walmart. The retrofit heating system  
for lumo color ink was never perfected. The new cartridges and filling lines  
promised by Fascio never became available. Some evidence suggested that  
Majestic had developed a coating product referred to as souken coating. However,  
the accused, Mr. Adams, clearly stipulated that no such product ever existed.  
[
64]  
There was also conflicting evidence regarding who tried to develop the  
canvas stretching machine. Toscano, Daniel LeBlanc and Tony Yaworski all gave  
different evidence regarding who designed and produced this device. The accused  
verified LeBlanc’s version of events. However, the evidence is such that the truth of  
who was responsible for producing this device cannot be determined with any  
degree of certainty. In the end what is clear is that the stretching machine never  
reached the stage of being marketable such that it could provide a revenue stream  
to either Suncastle or Majestic.  
[
65] All Suncastle and Majestic really had were some ideas without the technical  
knowledge or capacity to bring them about in the marketplace.  
[
66]  
The only relevant contracts were only a confidentiality agreement between  
Staedtler and Suncastle from December 2005 and an agreement between Staedtler  
and Suncastle, from August 2006, to purchase ink, but not including lumo color ink.  
This latter agreement had a very limited exclusivity agreement regarding Suncastle’s  
reselling this ink under their own private label. These agreements may have  
become important to Majestic if a marketable product was successfully developed  
by Suncastle that Majestic could then bring to the marketplace but in and of  
themselves they were of very minimal value. Any other company, including  
Staedtler, could sell the same inks that Suncastle had access to from Staedtler  
under that other company’s own private label.  
[
67]  
At page 59 of the transcript of October 10, 2013 Mr. De Souza, the forensic  
19 —  
accountant from the OSC, noted that Majestic essentially did not have a product in  
place. He further noted the following at page 98 of the same transcript:  
So I did not see a business process in place. There were no sales  
throughout the period that I looked at; the financial statements reflect no  
business operations except there’s a modest sale of ink that has taken  
place, and I believe this was ink bought from Europe or somewhere, but  
this is very modest by comparison to the expenses. So, basically, there  
wasn’t any, any operation that the company, the company had at that point  
in time.  
[
68] Also at page 68 of the October 21, 2013 transcript Mr. De Souza noted this.  
Emphasis added)  
(
A. Then what we also covered, or I, I testified, was that the books and  
records in the operations that I saw over the two-to-three years in  
reconciling the, the share capital of the company and looking at the  
financial statements, I did not see any operations in terms of the sale of  
any product or whatever, so there was prettymuch no revenue on both  
sides and just end costs, generally, and the costs being what is reflected  
in the financial statements.  
[
69]  
The evidence in this case clearly establishes that without any viable product  
to bring to the marketplace Majestic was doomed to fail as a business. The ideas  
they had could have been profitable if they had actually worked and been available  
in a timely manner but no one at this company had anywhere near the technical  
knowledge required to invent the systems the company envisioned. Vision, without  
knowledge and expertise to implement it, is worthless. It was only a matter of time  
before the money ran out and the new investors dried up such that Majestic went  
bankrupt. That is precisely what happened in early 2008. All of the investors lost all  
of the money they invested in Majestic.  
The Issues:  
[
70]  
The main issue in this trial is the credibility and reliability of witnesses. The  
resolution of this issue and the resultant findings of fact will be largely determinative  
of the ultimate issue of whether the Crown has proven the offences charged beyond  
a reasonable doubt.  
[
71]  
Once findings of fact have been made the application of the law to the facts  
20 —  
is relatively straightforward.  
72] It is therefore essential to review in detail all the evidence heard at this trial  
[
so that the credibility and reliability assessment of the various witnesses can be fully  
examined and compared. Credibility and reliability can only be adequately assessed  
when the detailed evidence is reviewed to determine consistencies and / or  
inconsistencies and to assess the likelihood of certain events and the probability of  
those events being in accord with common sense and the totality of the evidence in  
the case. A thorough review of the evidence also demonstrates the consistent  
themes that reoccur time and again in the evidence concerning the  
misrepresentations made by the accused to various persons over time.  
[
73] There is a full analysis section later on in this judgment but there are also  
comments made during the rendition of the facts, usually prefaced by the comment,  
It should be noted that,” which are also being taken into consideration in the  
ultimate determination of credibility and the findings of fact made in this case.  
The Evidence:  
A. Crown Evidence:  
1. Steven Bishop:  
[
74]  
Steven Bishop was the Crown’s first witness. Bishop’s evidence is  
potentially very significant as much of his evidence relates directly to the inner  
workings of these two companies and to the degree of participation and control that  
was exerted by the accused, Adams, over the two companies during the relevant  
time period. It is also potentially critical evidence as it relates to the representations  
that were made to the investors and the source of that information. Bishop’s  
credibility has been questioned by the accused and it is a major issue at this trial.  
His evidence will therefore be set out in some detail.  
[
75]  
Bishop testified that in the early months of 2006 he was working for a  
different company when he was approached by someone by the name of Julio  
21 —  
Ramirez. Mr. Ramirez told Bishop about a company in Burlington that had invented  
an ink that would revolutionize the industry. However, this company was now broke  
due to the research and development costs to invent the new ink and so the  
company was looking for venture capitalists to assist them.  
[
76]  
Bishop testified that it seemed a natural fit as Bishop knew someone by the  
name of David Prentiss who owned a venture capital firm. Bishop understood that .  
Prentiss’ job was to raise capital and that Prentiss represented a corporation that  
had a lot of money to invest. Bishop spoke to Prentiss about the information he had  
received from Ramirez and Prentiss asked Bishop to look into this company.  
[
77]  
Therefore, in February or March, 2006 Bishop went to look into this  
company referred to him as “Majestic”. Majestic’s offices were located on Mainway  
Drive in Burlington. The people at this first meeting were Bishop, Ramirez, the  
accused, Danny Chilleli, Bill Stankiewicz, Thomas Brown, Robert Dash and Robert  
Biegerl.  
[
78]  
Bishop believed that the accused, Adams, was the owner of Majestic  
because everyone at the meeting seemed to defer to Adams. Adams sat in the  
most prominent seat in the room. Dash was introduced as president of the company  
and he spoke briefly. Dash then introduced Chilleli who spoke of the technical  
aspect of the process and then Adams took over the meeting and was in control for  
the remainder of the meeting.  
[
79]  
Bishop described Adams as a good presenter. According to Bishop, Adams  
explained that Majestic had an ink product knows as “souken” ink that was going to  
revolutionize the industry. In addition Majestic had developed a cartridge to  
introduce the ink to large format printers.  
[
80]  
Adams explained that up to this time the ink used in large format printers  
for outdoor products was a solvent-based ink that had VOCs, which are volatile  
organic compounds. VOC’s are harmful to both the environment and to the people  
22 —  
using the ink in the workplace. Adams explained that souken ink would replace the  
solvent-based inks and yet perform identically to solvent-based ink or better.  
[
81]  
Bishop described the degree of excitement in the room as palpable.  
According to Bishop, Adams went on to explain that the marketplace was ruled by  
Hewlett Packard and that they were a natural target to go after as the souken ink  
and the cartridges that had been developed would fit Hewlett Packard (hereafter  
referred to as HP) printers and could be obtained at a much lower cost by a  
consumer than if the consumer purchased replacement products directly from HP.  
Adams pulled out a number of documents demonstrating how large the market was  
for large print format inks and that only a small percentage of the market share  
would be required to make millions.  
[
82]  
According to Bishop, Adams held up a cartridge in his hand that was the  
approximate size of a brick. Adams explained that there were six different colours  
that could be used in the cartridges and that souken ink along with these cartridges  
could replace the ink cartridges being sold by Hewlett Packard. Adams went on to  
explain that HP usually sold the printers and then had essentially a monopoly on  
products and services for the HP printers.  
[
83]  
Adams went on to speak of the advantages of souken ink, indicating that it  
had been invented by a chemist through a fluke. The chemist’s name was Noel  
Shahnazarian. Adams explained that originally HP had obtained ink from a German  
company called Staedtler and that Staedtler produced inks in common use in the  
industry known as lumo color, but that Shahnazarian had added a polymer to lumo  
color that resulted in zero VOCs and it had all the properties of solvent-based inks.  
Adams explained that the ink and the cartridges were ready to go. They had been  
tested and were ready for the market.  
[
84]  
The problem was that the company was now broke and that’s why funds  
were being solicited. As Adams was talking he indicated he was highly motivated to  
invent this product because he had suffered from exposure to solvent-based inks  
23 —  
including suffering from cancer. Adams went on to say he had spent every penny he  
had to develop this product and he indicated that he had spent in excess of  
$800,000.  
[
85] The company Suncastle was then introduced. Bishop was told that Mary  
Kricfalusi was the president of Suncastle. The accused, Adams, was also involved  
in that company. Suncastle was a company that purportedly developed products  
and Suncastle had given Majestic the first right of refusal to distribute any Suncastle  
product that was developed.  
[
86]  
According to Bishop, Adams when on to explain that $5,000,000 was  
required for the purposes of marketing and inventory regarding the ink and the D5  
cartridges. Adams did not say the money was required for any research and  
development. Adams indicated that the product was now market ready, fully tested  
and ready to go. Adams went on to say that the German company Staedtler was  
making the souken ink for them at that time.  
[
[
87]  
88]  
Adams also showed Bishop the machines to be used to fill the cartridges.  
Bishop was then taken on a tour of the facilities and was shown a giant  
poster of Britney Spears which was hung on the wall. It was in brilliant colours and  
the accused said, “That’s souken ink”.  
[
89]  
Bishop was shown a room where the accused said that was where they did  
all of their testing and there were a number of printers in that room. According to  
Bishop, someone, Adams or another one of the people at the meeting, showed  
Bishop how the D5 cartridge went into the HP printers. It was explained that a  
printer makes money based on the speed of the printer and therefore an endless  
supply of ink really helped to lower the time to complete a job and thereby increased  
the profit margin. As a result of this meeting Bishop said to Adams that he would  
pass the information on to David Prentiss and he left the facility.  
[
90]  
According to Bishop he did pass this information on to Prentiss and a  
24 —  
subsequent meeting was arranged in April or May of 2006 with Prentiss being  
present. Bishop, Prentiss, Noel Shahnazarian, the accused, Thomas Brown,  
Biegerl, Dash, Chilleli, and Stankiewicz were at this meeting. Introductions were  
made all around and the accused then explained that Shahnazarian though chance  
had come up with some additive/polymer that made water-based ink applicable to  
solvent-based applications. The accused explained that Suncastle and Majestic  
were two companies that were essentially joined at the hip and that there was an  
agreement in place that Majestic had first rights of refusal to all products produced  
by Suncastle. It was explained that Suncastle had been in existence for a longer  
period time, had a history of research and development along with stable  
management and therefore it was a more viable company to form a relationship with  
the German company, Staedtler.  
[
91]  
Prentiss asked for financial information on the company and was told that  
they were not complete at the time but that they were not a pretty picture in any  
case as the company was broke. During the presentation, Exhibit #1 was placed on  
the table as the business forecast for the company, apparently produced by a local  
accounting firm. There’s nothing in this document regarding the debt owed by  
Majestic.  
[
92]  
There was a discussion at the meeting about marketability and market size.  
In addition, there was a discussion about the possibility that once HP found out  
about D5 cartridges and the ink that HP would likely try to buy the company at a  
substantial price.  
[
93] There was a further report provided showing the profit HP made from ink  
products which seem to substantiate what everyone had been told at the meeting.  
[
94]  
It was indicated that this new technology was finished and ready to go.  
According to Bishop, the accused, Adams, was specifically asked what stage the  
product was at and he said it was ready to go, that investment money was needed  
for inventory, staffing and marketing. Bishop testified that those may not have been  
25 —  
the exact words said by Adams, but that Adams had left no doubt about those  
aspects of the company during the meeting.  
[
95]  
Bishop walked out to the car with Prentiss, and Prentiss that this was a  
company that could be very profitable in the future. Bishop told that to Adams by  
telephone later that night. Bishop did not hear from Prentiss for about a week so he  
called him. Prentiss indicated he needed the due diligence binder which is  
essentially everything about a corporation and a forecast for the future. That was  
prepared by Thomas Brown, the lawyer, some 100 pages or so, and given to  
Prentiss. There were regular calls from the accused over the next two months  
asking what decision had been made in terms of Prentiss investing in the company.  
Finally Prentiss said he did not want to deal with the accused because he had called  
too much. Bishop called the accused the next day and told him Prentiss was not  
going to invest.  
[
96]  
According to Bishop, he met with Adams and told him that he could get the  
company up and running with a cash flow and that $5,000,000 was not required all  
at once. At that point, according to Bishop, Adams asked Bishop to work for him.  
Bishop initially resisted those efforts but Adams was particularly persistent including  
arranging to have work finished at Bishop’s daughter’s home in order to free up  
Bishop to work for him.  
[
97]  
As such, Bishop signed a commission agreement which is Exhibit #2.  
Bishop understood that his role was to raise capital for Suncastle and Majestic  
through direct contact with his contacts and that he was also to mentor Rob Dash as  
to how to manage the company. The accused told Bishop that the method of  
investment would be a promissory loan and conversion agreement and that the  
money, as a result, would go to Majestic.  
[
98]  
Bishop was provided with a brochure for Majestic which is some 10 to 12  
pages in length which has been made Exhibit #3. It should be noted that this was  
later referred to as the Power Point Presentation. According to Bishop this document  
26 —  
was provided to him by the accused, Adams.  
[
99]  
Majestic’s board of directors. Bishop was made vice president of Majestic in  
September 2006. This was ratified at the Majestic shareholder meeting in  
At a meeting shortly thereafter the accused insisted that Bishop be on  
November of 2006 which coincided with Adams resigning from the board of  
directors. In late November or early December 2006 there was a discussion about  
rebranding the company. New business cards were produced that indicated that  
Bishop was the CFO of the company. According to Bishop, the accused, Adams,  
said to him, “Congratulations, you’re the new CFO.”  
[
100]  
Bishop testified that he had started to approach investors as of September  
2006. The accused gave these instructions to Bishop. According to Bishop, Adams  
told him:  
You know how to sell, this is what we have got and this is what we need. I  
want people to invest. If they want to invest on a guaranteed basis they  
can do that. It won’t take long get the company up and running. Give them  
the option to further invest if they like.  
[
101]  
According to Bishop, Adams was more concerned about getting investment  
money in than whether the shares being purchased by investors were primary share  
sales from Majestic’s treasury or secondary shares from existing shareholders.  
[
102]  
When Adams talked about, this is what we have got, Adams was referring  
to souken ink which had zero VOCs and so was environmentally friendly. Adams  
indicated that they owned and had developed that product. It was also commonly  
discussed that no one else in the world had this particular product. This ink worked  
in conjunction with the D5 cartridge. In addition, the accused indicated that the  
filling station was also an invention completed by Suncastle.  
[
103]  
Bishop described a meeting with a businessman from Alberta by the name  
of Kevin Loman. He said Loman was the president of Essin Capital and Loman had  
invited him, in February of 2007, to attend their annual general meeting to talk about  
mutual funds and how to generate sales. At that meeting Bishop talked about  
27 —  
Majestic as an example of a small company that had discovered a special polymer  
and was going to be very lucrative. Subsequently Bishop went to dinner with Kevin  
Loman and Dr. Elke (this is the complainant in count # 4). The next day Loman and  
Elke both indicated that they were interested in investing in Majestic.  
[
104]  
In early 2007 they began to become aware of problems with the D5  
cartridge in that the machine would initially run fine but then the printing head would  
burn out. As a result a person by the name of Carlo Fascio came into the picture.  
He was an engineer experienced in printing who was hired by Suncastle and the  
accused to correct the problem regarding the cartridge. Fascio determined the  
cartridge could not do what it was described to do. Bishop testified that by the time  
this was discovered the majority of investing had already occurred. There was a  
shareholder meeting in May or June of 2007 in Burlington where the shareholders  
were told that the company had a problem with the D5 cartridge that would bankrupt  
it if it had not been solved, but that Mr. Fascio had solved the problem and they were  
therefore continuing to enter into contracts with Mr. Fascio to build the cartridges  
and filling machine.  
[
105]  
As an aside it should be noted that Fascio never produced either a  
workable cartridge to replace the D5, nor did he produce a workable filling line. It is  
unclear why the shareholders, in 2007, were told that Fascio had solved the problem  
when his work never came to fruition before Majestic went bankrupt in early 2008.  
[
106]  
According to Bishop’s evidence investors were often taken on a tour of the  
facilities. Bishop would often take them on those tours and the accused, Adams,  
would often assist with those tours. Adams would indicate that the ink product they  
had developed was going to set the world on fire and that it was environmentally  
sound. Adams also mentioned that Majestic did significant business with Walmart.  
Adams would always point to the Britney Spears poster and say, “that’s souken ink.”  
According to Bishop’s evidence, the conclusion that everyone drew was that souken  
ink would do what it was purported to do.  
28 —  
[
107] It should be noted that a number of investors testified that Adams told them  
essentially the same thing regarding these posters.  
[
108]  
Bishop testified that investors were told that their money was needed for  
marketing, inventory and manufacturing of a fully developed ink product, the D5 ink  
cartridge and the continuous delivery system. The money being solicited therefore  
should have gone into Majestic treasury. Bishop further indicated that investment  
money was intermingled and went back and forth through loan agreements and  
other mechanisms between Suncastle and Majestic.  
[
109]  
Bishop testified that it was the accused, Adams, who established where the  
investors’ money was to go. Adams would supply the required banking information  
and Bishop would give this to the investor. Therefore, some cheques were payable  
to Suncastle and some payable to Majestic and some payable directly to the  
accused, Adams. If shares came directly from Majestic’s treasury the cheque was to  
Majestic, if Suncastle was selling Majestic shares the cheque went to Suncastle. If  
Suncastle shares were sold the cheque went to the accused.  
[
110]  
Exhibit #4 is a document known as the Majestic business plan. According  
to Bishop, there was more than one version of this business plan but that the  
original had come from the accused, Adams, and that Robert Dash had copies.  
Bishop testified that this business plan was in existence since the end of 2005 and  
was periodically updated but that the updates related to changes in the company  
structure regarding the people who were part of the company structure. The  
essential business information in the business plan itself did not change. Bishop did  
not know specifically who authored the business plan, but indicated that it was  
inconceivable that the accused would not have had a hand in the development of  
the business plan that is Exhibit # 4. The witness went on to indicate that he had  
discussed the business plan with Adams, not on a page by page basis but more  
regarding, this is what we’re doing or where we’re going, what people were involved  
and what their responsibilities were, regarding the ink and the delivery systems.  
According to Bishop this was part of the everyday speech used by Adams and that  
29 —  
Adams often said the same things that were in the business plan.  
111] Bishop indicated that the money received from investors went to pay for  
[
salaries, rent, supplies, advertising and some commissions but that the vast majority  
of the funds received went to the accused, Adams. The money was used by the  
accused to reduce his and Mary Kricfalusi’s debt and sometimes the accused gave  
money to the company but the company then incurred a further debt obligation to  
the accused. Bishop testified that it was slightly different each and every time  
regarding the flow of money in and out of the company but that the accused was  
running the whole thing. He indicated that Adams was vice president of Suncastle  
and Suncastle was a substantial shareholder of Majestic. Suncastle had 577,119  
Majestic shares.  
[
112]  
Bishop testified that there were numerous occasions when Majestic did not  
have sufficient money to keep operating and he was always requesting more money  
from Adams. Adams would list the things that he was doing for the company like  
hiring Mr. Fascio, the legal bills and developing the filling line. Adams would point  
out that Majestic wasn’t selling any product. Adams took the position that Majestic  
was responsible for Majestic’s success but there was no product, no ink and the  
cartridges didn’t work like Adams had claimed they would. According to Bishop it  
was therefore inevitable that Majestic would fail if money for Majestic shares was  
going to Suncastle, as Majestic needed cash to get over the hump until the delivery  
system being developed by Mr. Fascio was in place. Bishop specifically asked  
Adams where the money was and Adams chronicled the list of things that were  
previously detailed, i.e., Fascio, legal bills etc. Adams also indicated that money  
was going to Suncastle with respect to the ink and the cartridge, and it was critical to  
Majestic that Suncastle develop product that would do what they said it would do.  
Bishop was concerned that they were telling investors that the money being  
invested was going to Majestic and yet some Majestic shares sold were owned by  
existing shareholders. This meant that the money raised from these secondary  
sales was going to the existing shareholders who were selling their shares and not  
30 —  
to Majestic’s treasury.  
113] According to Bishop, he confronted the accused and then told the  
[
accountants and legal counsel to not provide any further information to the accused  
regarding Majestic as it was clear to him that what was going on was offside.  
[
114]  
It should be noted that this appears to be the beginning of the split between  
Bishop and Adams. It also represents the point when de facto control of Majestic  
went from Adams to the group that had actual legal control, which was Majestic’s  
board of directors.  
[
115]  
Bishop testified that he received a telephone call from Adams indicating  
that the Adams would loan $12,000 to $15,000 to Majestic personally to get over the  
hump. Subsequently Bishop received a telephone call from Robert Dash indicating  
that Adams was coming in with the money. Bishop immediately sent an email to  
Dash saying, “Don’t do it”. Bishop and Dash met with Adams outside the building  
and told Adams they couldn’t take any money from him, if it was not aboveboard.  
The accused said, “Either take my money or the place will be closed”. Bishop said  
the accused then threatened to kill him and that he had therefore filed a report with  
the Halton Regional Police Service. There was a discussion concerning the  
shareholders. According to Bishop Adams had said not to worry about the  
shareholders that Adams would personally guarantee everything.  
[
116]  
Bishop had invested $50,000 in Majestic. He got this back while at the  
company. He was also paid $38,000 over two years but he was owed $175,000 and  
was not paid this.  
[
117]  
Bishop testified that he first realized Majestic was not getting money from  
investors in February 2008 and he became aware the secondary sales were not  
going to the benefit of Majestic. He therefore approached Dale Hicks and called the  
accountant. Both said they could not discuss the matter with him because of their  
connection with Suncastle. According to Bishop, Tom Brown, the lawyer, wanted  
31 —  
Bishop to sign new Majestic shares to go to CBK Enterprises to be sold by them to  
people that Bishop knew wanted to acquire Majestic shares. Bishop testified that he  
signed these documents because the share transactions had taken place but then  
he went back to the office and called the Halton Regional Police Service.  
[
118]  
At the Ontario Security Commission hearing regarding these companies  
Bishop was implicated and readily acknowledged his involvement. The Ontario  
Security Commission found that Bishop had breached a number of regulations but  
that he was also the whistleblower regarding Majestic’s breaches of the Ontario  
Securities Act.  
[
119]  
In cross-examination it was established that Bishop had worked in the  
financial services industry since the early 1980s. He worked initially at the Investors  
Group and in 1995 to 1996 left that company to work for the Berkshire Group.  
Bishop acknowledged that he left the Berkshire Group when the Ontario Securities  
Commission conducted an investigation and found that he had taken management  
fees while not a chartered financial planner. Bishop was sanctioned and the Ontario  
Securities Commission would not renew his licence.  
[
120]  
Bishop testified that in 2006 he had stopped working except for being an  
occasional consultant on large case insurance policies. He indicated he had no  
debts, no criminal charges and no financial concerns. He accepted the accused’s  
offer to work for him because it seemed lucrative. At one point he did have shares in  
both Suncastle and Majestic. He testified that his primary role was to raise money  
for the company and that his secondary role was to mentor Robert Dash as Robert  
Dash did not have practical business experience.  
[
121]  
According to Bishop, during the meeting with the accused that David  
Prentiss had attended Prentiss had asked specific and pointed questions regarding  
how the ink and the cartridge worked. After the meeting David Prentiss had told  
Bishop that it was potentially lucrative company worth in the range of $200,000,000  
dollars.  
32 —  
[
122]  
Bishop agreed that he was the contact person for the vast majority of  
investors. Bishop admitted that he was not registered to sell securities but that his  
advice from the lawyer, Tom Brown and the accused was that he did not need a  
licence. It did not occur to him that because of the trouble he’d previously been in  
with the Ontario Security Commission that he should look into this further. Bishop  
said that he had accepted the advice of Tom Brown who he believed was a lawyer  
with experience in securities law. He indicated that the accused also told him that  
he had dealt with numerous companies in the same way and if it became an issue  
then they would advise him.  
[
123]  
It should be noted that both Brown and Adams deny this. Even if said to  
Bishop he was experienced enough in the financial services industry that it would be  
unlikely that he did not know that this was something serious enough, particularly in  
light of his previous problems with the Ontario Security Commission, that full  
confirmation of the legality of this should have been obtained before proceeding.  
This must be considered in assessing Bishop’s credibility.  
[
124]  
Bishop indicated that he knew the difference between accredited and non-  
accredited investors. He initially indicated in evidence the he did not sell types of  
shares based on whether the investor was accredited investor or not. He indicated  
that the delineation was that it was $25,000 minimum to invest in Majestic shares  
from the treasury and small or secondary sales, not out of treasury, were purchases  
of Suncastle shares or shares of Majestic owned by Suncastle. Bishop was then  
cross-examined regarding the statement he provided in 2010 to the Ontario  
Securities Commission wherein he clearly indicated that accredited investors only  
bought shares directly from Majestic’s treasury and non-accredited shares bought  
Majestic shares from Suncastle.  
[
125]  
In the same statement Bishop testified that it was lawyer, Tom Brown and  
Mary Kricfalusi who said that Bishop did not need a licence. Bishop did not mention  
in that statement that the accused had also told him that he didn’t need a licence.  
33 —  
[
126]  
It should be noted that it is an inescapable inference that Bishop recognized  
a profitable enterprise for himself and he was prepared to ignore the Ontario  
Security Commission requirements to ensure that he was a part of it.  
[
127]  
Bishop agreed that he received the title of CFO but he maintained that this  
was because they changed the logo and the business cards. He agreed however  
that he did hold himself out as CFO while selling shares and this resulted in him  
having signing authority on cheques.  
He did not know that the CFO was  
responsible for financial record keeping or manage the company’s financial risk.  
[
128] Bishop testified that Adams had left Majestic’s board of directors in  
November of 2006 and that Adams did not have signing authority after that time.  
[
129]  
Bishop was shown Exhibit #8 which indicates that between April 1, 2007  
and March 19, 2009 that the expense to sales ratio was some 7 to 1. He was  
unaware that the biggest sale during this period of time was in fact to Walmart in the  
amount of approximately $36,000. He admitted that he did nothing to change the  
expense to sales ratio; that he did not tell investors about this ratio and he did not  
make a report to shareholders regarding this ratio. He admitted that he never  
looked at the general ledger or financial statements for the company, and in fact, he  
had never looked at a financial document of Majestic’s until the company folded. He  
had further admitted that he didn’t know how many shareholders Majestic had and  
that he did not do anything regarding sales as the product itself needed to be  
changed. He maintained that he told the accused repeatedly that he needed the  
product to be provided that the accused had promised.  
[
130] Bishop further admitted that he and Robert Dash had signing authority on  
cheques and that the accused did not.  
[
131]  
Bishop was shown a document, Exhibit #8 which is the Majestic cheque  
detail document. It shows that on August 9, 2007 Deluca Roofing was given a  
cheque for $7844 and this was for work Deluca had done on his daughter’s roof. He  
34 —  
indicated that he had signed this cheque but that the accused had told him that  
Deluca was coming by for payment that day and for Bishop to make sure the cheque  
was signed. The accused further indicated that he would put the money back in the  
account that day. The witness indicated that the flow of the books was that they  
would call it whatever they needed to call it as the books were being produced.  
Therefore he did not question the accused on this.  
[
132] Bishop testified that he had told both the accused and Mr. Brown that he  
had been sanctioned by the OSC on the first day he worked for them.  
[
133] It should be noted that this too is very unlikely since it goes against  
Bishop’s interests in this perceived lucrative situation.  
[
134]  
Bishop also confirmed that at the time he was living a comfortable life with  
no debts. He indicated the only debt he really had was a mortgage on his property  
on Jefferson Avenue in St. Catharines. He said that he was not aware at the time  
that Canada Revenue Agency (CRA) had a significant lien on his property. He only  
became aware of that when Adams handed out copies of the lien to shareholders.  
The lien is for $182,619, reportedly for unpaid taxes, although he is still undergoing  
the appeal process. He indicated that he was aware of tax issues for 2004 and  
2005 but that appeal process is still ongoing. When asked why he had said that he  
had no debt at the time, he maintained that it was because there was no final  
determination that the taxes were owed by him.  
[
135]  
It should be noted that this explanation is pure nonsense.  
[
136]  
Bishop acknowledged Exhibit #10 which is a letter dated June 18, 2009 to  
Suncastle indicating that he owed $289,053.88 to CRA . He said he did not receive  
a copy of this but was told of it by the accused. He indicated that this debt to CRA  
was his voluntary declaration of income from his clients that had resulted in the  
Ontario Securities Commission sanction.  
[
137]  
Bishop was shown Exhibit #12 which is a Majestic PowerPoint  
35 —  
presentation. He agreed that it did not say that Majestic invented an ink.  
[
138] Bishop was also shown two sales brochures which have been made Exhibit  
13 A and B, which refer to “German engineered inks” and he further agreed that the  
brochures did not it indicate that Majestic had invented a new ink.  
#
[
139]  
Bishop indicated that he knew Carlo Fascio. Bishop had initially been  
introduced to Fascio by Adams. Bishop indicated that when he was introduced to  
Fascio, that Fascio had already been there for three to four days to correct the  
problem being encountered with the new cartridges and float system. He believed it  
was late 2006 or early 2007. Bishop understood that Fascio was an engineer who  
was fully employed but that Fascio also had a consulting business regarding specific  
products. Bishop indicated that Fascio had a facility at his residence where he did  
most of his work so their paths crossed on occasion but did not have a real  
relationship with him. Bishop indicated that it was several months before his  
relationship with Fascio grew and late in 2007 they worked together on a common  
objective which was to have the new cartridges replace the D5 cartridges that  
Suncastle obtained from a Korean company and provided to Majestic and to  
develop the filling system to work with the cartridges. Bishop asked Fascio several  
times if he had perfected the cartridge and filling system. Fascio’s response was that  
they were working on it.  
[
140]  
Bishop testified that the cartridges being returned to Majestic from  
Majestic’s customers lead him to believe that there was a problem with the  
cartridges and it wasn’t just an installation problem. He testified that he was advised  
that the D5 cartridge was faulty on many levels. Essentially it fit into the HP  
machines but there were flow problems with the ink which caused the printer heads  
to burn out. There were two problems. First, the cartridge didn’t work plus there  
were potential patent problems but Fascio believed that both problems could be  
overcome.  
[
141]  
Bishop didn’t know what Fascio had agreed to produce, but he was aware  
36 —  
that Fascio was also working on filling line system to feed the ink into the large  
format printers and to monitor that process. The filling system would link in with a  
computer system in order to track orders and instruct the machines.  
If  
accomplished, this would result in a fast flow operation with minimal employee  
attendance. On several occasions, Fascio announced that progress had been  
made with respect to the cartridge and filling line and then Adams would put another  
demand on what he wanted the machines to do, so acrimony began to develop  
between Fascio and Adams.  
[
142]  
At the fall 2007 annual general meeting at the Holiday Inn Fascio explained  
how a properly working system would flow once equipped with the new cartridge  
and filling lines. There was constant discussion within the company regarding how  
lucrative the cartridge and filling system could be and that there was a tremendous  
revenue potential if developed properly.  
[
143]  
Fascio and Adams continued to disagree in that Adams would question  
Fascio about why the work was not done, or the accused wanted it to be bigger,  
better and cheaper. Finally, according to Bishop, Adams told Fascio to “Just make  
the damn thing. You may be an engineer but you don’t know anything about  
printing.” This resulted in a very large argument between the two men. Fascio  
claimed that he had redesigned the product and as a result he wanted a royalty for it  
because he had designed it on his own time. Bishop testified that Adams threw  
Carlo Fascio out and stated that, “I’m not paying that mother – f’er a single penny”.  
[
144]  
At one point in cross-examination Bishop was shown an email from  
February 2008 reportedly from Staedtler indicating that Staedtler was optimistic  
regarding Majestic’s approach. He did not recall being shown this email by the  
accused. That email was subsequently made Exhibit #104. It was suggested to  
Bishop that once he and Fascio had seen this email that they decided to set up shop  
together but this suggestion was denied.  
[
145]  
Bishop denied that he had created the story regarding a miracle ink to  
37 —  
divert attention from what he and Carlo Fascio were doing after Majestic folded. He  
maintained that the company’s position was that this was a German engineered ink  
that was modified by the accused’s chemist, Noel Shahnazarian. However, Bishop  
admitted that there were no promotional materials that talked about the modification  
of the ink. Bishop agreed as well that the business plan did not talk about  
modifications to the ink. Bishop specifically disagreed with the suggestion that the  
Adams had never claimed that his company had a miracle ink.  
[
146]  
Bishop indicated that he knew the witness, John Lynch (complainant in  
Count # 2). Bishop testified that he and John Lynch were directors of Majestic and  
that Bishop had been a financial advisor to Mr. Lynch. He admitted that they had  
driven to the courthouse together and that they had talked about the case at great  
length as they were both directors of Majestic.  
[
147]  
In re-examination Bishop was shown an email dated April 18, 2007 which is  
Exhibit # 30. This email was with respect to the ordering of new business cards and  
Majestic changing its logo and design. When Bishop was asked what he was to be  
called for the new business card he noted that the email confirms what he expected  
to be, which was not the CFO of the company.  
2. Other Persons Involved in the Business of Majestic  
(
i)  
Noel Shahnazarian:  
[
148]  
Noel Shahnazarian was a Crown witness. Shahnazarian has a bachelor of  
science with a major in chemistry and a marketing degree. He initially worked 16  
years for a company called Canada Colours & Chemicals. In late 2000, early 2001  
he started his own business called Northspec Chemical Corporation.  
[
149]  
Shahnazarian first met the accused when Adams was in charge of a  
company called Juma. Shahnazarian was looking to market a fabric that was being  
sold by a Korean company. This fabric was invented by the Korean company and  
Shahnazarian had no role in inventing it. The Juma name came up as a company  
38 —  
that might be interested so Shahnazarian approached them and ended up meeting  
with the accused. According to Shahnazarian, the fabric purportedly had outdoor  
durability like solvent-based inks when printed on with water-based inks.  
Shahnazarian believed that he first met with Adams sometime in 2002 or 2003. Two  
or three months later there was a follow up meeting with Adams. Adams told  
Shahnazarian that he thought the product was good and that they could market it.  
Adams was continuing to evaluate the fabric however and he therefore asked  
Shahnazarian for more samples. As a result Shahnazarian invested some of his  
own money, a couple of thousand dollars, and he gave Adams 2½ rolls of the fabric  
for Adams to use in testing. Discussions continued with Adams.  
[
150]  
Shahnazarian subsequently met with John Vinsentin who had a printing  
company. Shahnazarian was introduced to Vinsentin by the people at Juma. They  
had some discussions about starting a company to take this fabric to market. It  
would be a joining of Northspec, Juma and Vinsentin’s printing company. The new  
company was formed to bring this fabric to market in Canada. Shahnazarian’s  
partner from Northspec did not want to join in this new venture but Shahnazarian  
had decided to continue as he had $70,000 - $80,000 already invested in this fabric.  
The new company started out as a numbered company and then ultimately was  
called Majestic.  
[
151]  
Shahnazarian was shown Exhibit #84 which is the shareholder’s register  
and his recollection was that it was himself, Adams, Vinsentin and Tom Brown that  
were the initial shareholders.  
[
152] Shahnazarian was intending for the new company to buy the $70,000 –  
80,000 worth of inventory and resell it. However, it turned out that Shahnazarian  
$
was stuck with this fabric for some eight or nine years. Majestic did a lot of testing  
of the fabric with the printing company but no one would commit to buying the fabric  
from him. Shahnazarian eventually gave up asking and ultimately lost touch with  
both Adams and Vinsentin and did not contact them for about two years while he  
continued to try and sell the fabric by himself.  
39 —  
[
153]  
In 2005 Adams called Shahnazarian again. He testified that Adams told  
him that Adams again wanted to try and bring the fabric to market. They hired a new  
lawyer Kusmirek, who was going to help out as opposed to Tom Brown. The plan  
was to bring in new shareholders to buy the fabric from Shahnazarian and to bring it  
to market.  
[
154]  
Shahnazarian’s role was to import this fabric. It was going to be marketed  
as an art reproduction fabric and hopefully sold. It was being marketed as using  
water-based ink but with some resistance and outdoor durability. They were hoping  
to sell it to hotels and offices. Shahnazarian was made president in the newly re-  
structured Majestic.  
Majestic at this time was solely about the fabric that  
Shahnazarian had purchased from the Korean company.  
[
155]  
Shahnazarian testified that he met Carlo Toscano through a friend and that  
he had first met Toscano at the Staedtler office. Toscano was in charge of Staedtler  
digital printing and selling Staedtler inks in Canada. Toscano was purportedly  
impressed with the Korean fabric. He indicated that he would talk to the people in  
Germany and he bought a roll of the fabric. Ultimately Staedtler shut down the  
digital printing part of their operations in Canada and a company called CGS took  
over which is the marketing arm of Staedtler. Toscano moved to the United States  
after that for a number of months and but then ultimately came back to CGS in  
Canada.  
[
156]  
After Shahnazarian informed Adams about Toscano, Adams also wanted to  
talk to Toscano because Adams understood that Toscano was experienced in  
working with large format printing machines. The accused had some old water-  
based printers that weren’t working and he wanted them fixed in order to test the  
Korean fabric.  
Therefore a meeting was set up with Adams, Toscano, and  
Shahnazarian. A few months after that Shahnazarian saw Toscano in the Juma  
office fixing the printers and tests were being done on the Korean fabrics.  
[
157]  
Shahnazarian indicated that Carlo Toscano introduced Staedtler ink to  
40 —  
Majestic. Staedtler reportedly had an ink that had zero VOCs, and had outside  
durability. It was a water-based ink but had the endurance properties of a solvent-  
based ink. Staedtler called this ink lumo color ink.  
[
158] Shahnazarian was clear that neither he nor anyone else at Majestic had a  
role in making this ink. It was just Staedtler who made this ink.  
[
159]  
It should be noted that this evidence along with all of the other evidence at  
this trial clearly established that no one at Suncastle or Majestic had anything to do  
with the creation of this ink which supposedly had these revolutionary qualities.  
Thus, if it is also established that the accused represented to Bishop and/or to  
investors that his company had created the ink or had adjusted the ink’s qualities as  
a result of the addition of a polymer or some other chemical addition that would be a  
clear misrepresentation.  
[
160]  
Majestic opened its premises in Burlington and printers were brought in.  
According to Shahnazarian Toscano looked after the printers and initially there was  
a good relationship between Adams, Toscano and Toscano’s brother, Marco  
Toscano. However, one day in the fall of 2005 Shahnazarian came to the premises  
and found both doors closed and the two Toscano brothers were gone. Apparently  
the relationship with Adams had fallen apart. Shahnazarian was not sure exactly  
what happened as he was not involved on a day-to-day basis.  
[
161] Shahnazarian indicated that Adams was the main guy looking after  
everything at the company.  
[
162] It should be noted that this is more evidence that Adams was the directing  
mind and will of the company at this time.  
[
163]  
After Toscano left there was no one left at the company who had any  
printing experience or who knew how to maintain the large format printers.  
Shahnazarian was told by the various parties at the company, like Adams, Kricfalusi,  
Chilleli, and Dash that the two Toscano brothers had damaged the printer when they  
41 —  
left.  
164]  
[
Adams wanted Shahnazarian to contact Staedtler to see if they could still  
get ink from them like Toscano had previously been supplying. Thomas Brown  
testified that ink was ordered from Staedtler in June 2005 which is a time period  
when Toscano was still with the company.  
[
165]  
It should be noted that this evidence indicates that Staedtler was supplying  
some ink to Suncastle in the summer of 2005 apparently on an ad hoc basis as the  
only actual contracts between Suncastle and Staedtler are Exhibit # 103 from  
December 2005 and Exhibit # 105 from August 2006. The importance of this is that  
Toscano’s credibility regarding whether he returned from Germany with a contract is  
not diminished by the emails referred to by Thomas Brown in his evidence.  
[
166]  
Shahnazarian therefore made efforts to bring the Staedtler contract to  
Majestic without Toscano. At this point Majestic had the Korean fabric and Staedtler  
ink.  
[
167]  
Shahnazarian was clear that no coatings were ever developed at Majestic  
or Suncastle and he noted that, besides Toscano and himself, no one else that was  
with the companies had a science background or was remotely capable of  
developing a coating.  
[
168]  
Shahnazarian contacted Staedtler and spoke with a person by the name of  
Dieter to see if Toscano had a contract with Staedtler and to see if it could be  
transferred to Majestic. Staedtler denied that there was in fact any contract but  
Staedtler indicated they were still interested in dealing with Majestic in taking  
Staedtler ink to market. Shahnazarian knew at this time that the lumo color ink  
needed a heating system adapted to the printers to get both adhesion and durability.  
[
169]  
Shahnazarian testified that it was mostly the accused that was financing  
Majestic and getting it done. He admitted to becoming president but did not recall  
who asked him to take over that responsibility.  
42 —  
[
170]  
Shahnazarian testified that he did not know where the money was coming  
from to support the people that were working at Suncastle and Majestic. He didn’t  
know what the investors were being told. This witness indicated that the accused,  
Kricfalusi, and Dash had signing authority and that he did not sign any cheques.  
Shahnazarian resigned because he did not feel comfortable not knowing the  
company’s finances and not really knowing what was going on in that regard. This  
was in early 2006, sometime in either March or April.  
[
171]  
Exhibit #87 is a Majestic resolution where Shahnazarian started on the  
board of directors. It is dated May 1, 2005. Shahnazarian maintained that he was  
only sporadically at Majestic. Shahnazarian testified that at one point a number of  
documents were signed by him that had different dates but he hadn’t really read the  
documents because he felt there was just no money in the company. His only  
interest was really trying to get his $70,000 - $80,000 back, as that is what he  
invested in the Korean fabric. Even when Shahnazarian was the named president  
of Majestic he indicated that he would report to Adams and he testified that Majestic  
was basically run by Adams and that Tom Brown was his lawyer.  
[
172]  
It should be noted that this is an example of Adams maintaining de facto  
control of Majestic while placing people under his control, like Shahnazarian, in legal  
positions of power.  
[
173]  
With respect to the heating device for the printers, Shahnazarian knew the  
two Toscano brothers were working on it with Chilleli. He saw some printing after  
the fact but didn’t know if it was with solvent or water-based ink. After the Toscano  
brothers left Chilleli was trying to replicate what Carlo Toscano had done, but he was  
an electrician not a printing guy and he didn’t have much success. According to  
Shahnazarian, Chilleli ended up damaging a printer from too much heat. Adams  
was present and knew that they weren’t able to replicate the results Toscano  
claimed to have achieved with the heating device  
[
174]  
Shahnazarian saw a number of business plans be he didn’t know who  
43 —  
produced them. He indicated that he saw the accused’s name on business plans  
but he didn’t think the accused wrote the business plan as he didn’t believe there  
accused had the ability to write those.  
[
175] The witness was shown Exhibit #89 which is the Suncastle business plan  
dated August 5, 2005.  
[
176]  
It should be noted that Adams was always the directing mind and will of  
Suncastle. From the evidence concerning Adams degree of interest and control it is  
an inescapable inference that Adams knew the contents of this business plan.  
[
177] Shahnazarian indicated that there were a number of inaccuracies in this  
business plan.  
[
178]  
First, the business plan reads: “The Suncastle Group has signed an  
alliance with German based ink manufacturer Staedtler to develop proprietary inks  
for both the desktop and large format printers.” Shahnazarian testified that this was  
not consistent with his understanding of what was going on at the time.  
[
179]  
Second, the business plan reads: “The Suncastle Group has developed an  
innovated water-based coating which when applied, rendered the coated material  
waterproof, stain resistant, scratch resistant and extends the life of the product to  
which the coating was applied.” Shahnazarian testified that this was not consistent  
with his understanding of what was going on at the time.  
[
180]  
Third, the business plan reads:  
The Suncastle Group will announce the product launch of aqua colour, a  
water-based in 100 percent environmentally friendly ink within the fourth  
quarter of this year. This revolutionary ink is water-based, however it has  
the same, if not better properties when compared to solvent or screen  
printing inks. These inks must be used in conjunction with our proprietary  
printing solution, which is only available through the Suncastle Group.  
44 —  
Shahnazarian testified that this reference was regarding lumo color ink.  
Shahnazarian further testified that this “proprietary printing solution” was not market  
ready.  
[
181]  
Shahnazarian indicated that there was an A and B part to printing with the  
lumo color ink. The A part was having the ink and they had that. The B part was  
being able to heat it up so that it performed outdoors like people expected. They  
didn’t have the B part. Apparently some other companies did and the accused was  
aware of this.  
[
182]  
It should be noted that they may have had access to some lumo color ink  
but they had no ongoing contract or exclusivity rights to this lumo color ink. Anyone  
could purchase it from Staedtler.  
[
183]  
Fourth, the business plan reads that the proprietary printing solution is “only  
available through the Suncastle Group. Shahnazarian testified that he was aware  
that other companies had the ability to print with this ink and that Adams was also  
aware of this fact as Shahnazarian had discussed it with Adams.  
[
184]  
Fifth, the business plan reads: “The Suncastle Group has developed inks  
that can adhere to over 50 percent more medias than the OEM inks.” Shahnazarian  
testified that they had never developed any inks.  
[
185]  
Sixth, the business plan reads: “Technical background on UV curable clear  
OPV coatings developed by the Suncastle Group. Shahnazarian testified that  
Suncastle never had this type of coating available to them.  
[
186]  
It should be noted that the importance of this evidence is that it is  
corroborative of Bishop’s evidence and the investor’s evidence regarding what  
Adams had told them.  
[
187]  
Shahnazarian was clear that he did not have anything to do with developing  
what he called “lumo ink”. He was clear that it was not true that he had invented the  
45 —  
ink. He indicated that he never added a polymer to the ink. He had thought about  
doing that and told the people at Suncastle/Majestic that he had some success in  
his own lab but that did not necessarily mean success in actual jobs. He had tried  
several additives with the ink. He further indicated that the term polymer was  
really a misnomer that it should be called an additive. He also indicated that while  
he was doing some tests on lumo color that they were under contract with Staedtler  
that if they modified it, Staedtler owned the technology. Shahnazarian confirmed  
that it was lumo color that was being presented as souken ink. Shahnazarian was  
clear that it was not true that he had a hand in developing the ink and he did not tell  
the accused that he had invented the ink.  
[
188]  
Shahnazarian indicated that he was not aware of what the shareholders  
were being told about the ink. He didn’t attend any shareholders meetings. He did  
recall being introduced to shareholders as the technical person involved with the ink,  
but his real role was to liaise with Staedtler.  
[
189]  
This witness was present for the negotiations with Staedtler for lumo color  
to be called souken ink. The witness indicated that he believed that they had  
exclusive rights in North America to sell the ink. He was shown Exhibit #90, which is  
also Exhibit # 105, which is the Staedtler contract with Suncastle dated August 2006.  
Clause 3, indicates that Suncastle could resell this ink under private label as  
souken ink but the exclusivity was really only with respect to the name, souken ink.  
[
190]  
Shahnazarian indicated that there were posters on the wall at Majestic  
showroom. Paul Socholotiuk and Toscano had done the printing of these posters  
but he did not know if the posters were in fact done in souken ink. At first  
Shahnazarian testified that from time to time he had probably heard Adams tell  
people that the posters were printed with souken ink. Later, Shahnazarian indicated  
that he didn’t recall who the accused had said this to.  
[
191] It should be noted that this evidence also corroborates Bishop and the  
investors.  
46 —  
[
192]  
In cross-examination Shahnazarian confirmed that in 2005 Carlo Toscano  
was doing modifications to the printers attempting to use different heating elements  
to make the lumo color ink work. Toscano was working on at least two or three  
printers. Shahnazarian indicated that he was not really involved in the heat  
modification project that Toscano was spearheading but after Toscano would  
produce something, Shahnazarian would test it. Shahnazarian indicated that he  
never got the sense from Toscano that Toscano had perfected the heating system  
and Shahnazarian never got the sense that the heating system was ready to go.  
[
193]  
Shahnazarian said that they did find an email in which Toscano was saying  
that they were getting some results with the ink. Shahnazarian, therefore, sent an  
email to Dieter at Staedtler and in mid-October 2005 Shahnazarian called Dieter at  
Staedtler. Staedtler was ready to move ahead and work with them. Staedtler said  
that there was no contract between Majestic and Staedtler at that time and no  
contract with Carlo Toscano. In 2005 they went to Germany and entered into Exhibit  
#103 is a contract between Staedtler and Suncastle which is a confidentiality  
agreement.  
[
194]  
Shahnazarian indicated that he became the liaison between Suncastle and  
Staedtler as he was the only one that had sufficient technical knowledge. He further  
indicated that before they went to Germany in December of 2005 they brought in  
some lumo color ink and they worked with Danny Chilleli to try and get the heater  
system working, but they were not successful. Chilleli was trying to replicate  
Toscano’s work but was unable to do so. Shahnazarian indicated that when they  
went to Germany Staedtler did not have a system perfected either, so they were  
interested in working with companies to develop a heater and bring the ink to  
market.  
[
195]  
It should be noted that this evidence was later contradicted by Toscano’s  
evidence that Europe was about three years ahead of the North American market  
and that a heating system for the ink had been developed in Europe but it was fairly  
expensive to implement.  
47 —  
[
196]  
They ended up reaching an agreement with Staedtler to sell lumo color ink  
in North America, but they were told they had to find another name for it as lumo  
color was their trademark and it was an experimental ink for them. Staedtler also  
was concerned about potential liability because Suncastle’s plan was to alter other  
companies’ printers to use the lumo color ink. Suncastle had exclusive rights to sell  
lumo color in North America. Exhibit #90 is the contract which is dated August 2006.  
[
197]  
Shahnazarian was also read portions of Exhibit #90 and he indicated that  
he understood that Suncastle had exclusive rights to rebrand and sell lumo color ink.  
[
198]  
It should be noted that Exhibit #90 gives Suncastle the exclusive right to  
sell other Staedtler inks under a name of Suncastle’s choosing. This contract does  
not include lumo color ink. The contract also leaves it open for Staedtler to sell these  
inks to other companies, which appears to be exactly what, in fact, they did do.  
According to the lawyer, Thomas Brown, this was the reason for the December 2005  
confidentiality agreement between Staedtler and Suncastle which was that Staedtler  
did not want a company to which they had previously sold ink to be aware that they  
were also doing business with Suncastle.  
[
199]  
Shahnazarian indicated that a few months later after their visit to Germany  
that the Staedtler representative, Dieter, was in Canada and spent a day at their  
facility. He apparently was shown the heaters that they were working on and Dieter  
apparently said, “You’re on the right track. At least you know what needed to be  
done.”  
[
200]  
It should be noted that this comment by the Staedtler representative makes  
little sense. Neither Socholotiuk or Chilleli were able to replicate Toscano’s work,  
which itself was probably not successful notwithstanding Toscano’s claims, and so  
other than knowing that they had to heat the ink, they had come nowhere close to  
developing a heating system that would allow lumo color to match the properties of  
the solvent inks.  
48 —  
[
201]  
In re-examination, Shahnazarian admitted that after Dieter had come from  
Germany and looked at their heating device, Dieter’s comment clearly indicated that  
they were not in a position to retrofit customers’ printers. It is therefore, puzzling  
why the Staedtler representative would think that they were anywhere near being on  
the right track unless it was just to hedge their bet on the off chance that  
Suncastle/Majestic stumbled upon a workable solution for the lumo color ink. In mid  
to late 2006 Bishop came on the scene. Shahnazarian understood that Bishop was  
to take over Majestic and gets sales and marketing going so that the product could  
be taken to market.  
[
202]  
Shahnazarian was asked a number of questions regarding the accused,  
Adams, pointing to Shahnazarian and saying, “This is the man that added the  
polymer to create souken ink”. Shahnazarian did not recall that. Shahnazarian did  
not recall the accused ever saying that Shahnazarian had created souken ink. He  
did not recall the accused pointing to posters and saying it was done with souken  
ink. He did not recall the tour with Steve Bishop at all. Shahnazarian indicated that  
he never held himself out as the inventor as souken ink. As far as he knew, the  
accused never held him out as the inventor of souken ink.  
[
203]  
It should be noted that an admission by Shahnazarian about these aspects  
of the case would be a significant admission by Shahnazarian against his own  
interests. It would clearly expose him as a party to these offences. This is particularly  
true because of the subsequent allegations made against Shahnazarian by Fascio.  
[
204]  
Shahnazarian did hear talk about contracts with McDonalds. He said that  
sounded familiar. This is important because it ties in with an investor’s evidence,  
Reg Rudko, who also indicated the accused had mentioned contracts with  
McDonalds.  
[
205] Shahnazarian also mentioned that Suncastle was purchasing some other  
inks from Korea.  
49 —  
[
206]  
It should be noted that this is important because an investor, John Lynch,  
had testified that Adams told him that some of the inks were coming from Korea. It  
seemed like Lynch was mistaken but Lynch may, in fact, be correct that he was told  
this about the ink.  
[
207]  
Then Shahnazarian indicated that Carlo Fascio showed up. He did not  
know how Fascio came about being there, but he was initially brought in to try and  
figure out the heater system for the printer and the ink, but he never saw one that  
actually worked from Fascio.  
[
208]  
Then Fascio was asked to build the refilling line. They had the D5 cartridge  
from Korea which had the same properties as the Hewlett Packard cartridges, but  
were cheaper. They wanted to use the lumo color ink in the cartridges but there was  
a problem in that the Korean liaison explained that they were not filling the  
cartridges as they should and that is why the cartridges were not working. Fascio  
apparently saw what Chilleli was doing in refilling the cartridges and came up with a  
re-filling system idea.  
[
209]  
Fascio also claimed that there was a patent issue with the D5 cartridge.  
According to Shahnazarian, everyone was salivating at that point thinking about  
getting rich on the refillable system idea from Fascio. This was in mid-2007 to the  
fall of 2007. Shahnazarian said when Fascio came up with this retrofit refilling  
system, everybody forgot about the ink and the heater. Staedtler was apparently  
calling, asking about their volumes, what progress they were making on the heater,  
and when the witness would ask people about it, they said it can wait because of the  
interest in this refillable system.  
[
210]  
Exhibit #104 is an email from February 28, 2008 between Shahnazarian  
and Staedtler describing Fascio’s filling line. There was an indication that, if it was  
true, it was revolutionary technology for the print industry. The technology was a  
chip inside the cartridge that could communicate with a chip inside the printer to  
monitor how much ink customers were using and automatically refill the cartridges.  
50 —  
In addition, it would help with determining orders for customers as well.  
211] Shahnazarian sent Exhibit #104 on to Herb Adams because he wanted  
[
Adams to understand Staedtler’s take on this, although the witness was skeptical of  
Fascio’s claim about the refilling system. Shahnazarian said that after this email he  
sensed that Fascio suddenly felt that he had sold his technology cheap to Suncastle  
and wanted to go with a new investor. Everyone’s focus at this point had shifted to  
this new technology but then Fascio at this point stopped work on the new  
technology. Shahnazarian heard that there was a disagreement regarding money  
with Fascio. Ultimately, Fascio never did deliver a finished product, and by April  
2008 Majestic had collapsed.  
[
212] Shahnazarian indicated that Bishop was there all the time and that for  
Bishop to claim that he did not know what was going on, would require Bishop  
having to be either blind or stupid.”  
[
213]  
Shahnazarian indicated that after Majestic collapsed, that Fascio had called  
and wanted his money back. Shahnazarian testified that he was told by Fascio that  
it was him along with Adams, Mary Kricfalusi and John Dow that were on Fascio’s  
list and if Fascio did not get his money back he was going to go to the police and  
have them charged with fraud and potentially sue them.  
[
214]  
Shahnazarian also heard from Bishop. Bishop was not threatening but he  
was more claiming that he was innocent. Shahnazarian did not believe that Bishop  
did not know what was going on, for instance, regarding the heater not working or  
the contract with Staedtler, and that is what his reference was to Bishop either lying  
or being stupid in that Bishop had to know that they were buying ink from Staedtler.  
In re-examination, Shahnazarian indicated that maybe Steve Bishop did not know,  
and that it was only his perception that he would have known, but Shahnazarian  
admitted that he was only at the business premises about once per month.  
[
215]  
Finally, Shahnazarian indicated that Bishop never dealt with him regarding  
51 —  
how he had invented the ink or where it was being produced and so on.  
(
ii)  
Carlo Toscano:  
[
216]  
Toscano went to the University of Toronto and completed three years of an  
environmental studies program. He went to the Toronto Digital Imaging Works for a  
one year program and received his diploma. Thereafter Toscano got a job at  
Marketstar Corporation in Utah. This company provided technical assistance to  
companies like HP and in fact he was contracted out and paid by HP at one point.  
Toscano was then with Marketstar for three years. Toscano ended up as the  
national technical specialist in media sales. He assisted HP accounts. Large format  
printing was the main focus of Toscano’s work when he assisted with HP accounts.  
As a result Toscano was taught how HP printers worked from the ground up.  
[
217]  
Toscano left Marketstar to work for Staedtler.  
Staedtler is what he  
described as an OEM company, which is an original equipment manufacturer.  
Staedtler produced the inks for HP until HP started to manufacture their own ink.  
Toscano was aware of what companies had the large format printers and where they  
were located as his job at HP had been to support HP’s distributors. Therefore  
when Staedtler came out with a third party ink solution for HP printers, which was  
30% less than the original price they hired Toscano. Staedtler hired Toscano  
because he knew who to go to and how to sell the ink. When he was with Staedtler  
Toscano was trained on large format printers and he became a certified technician  
regarding the large format printers. Toscano was aware which inks worked with  
which substrates. In addition, Toscano received ongoing training from Staedtler over  
the four years that he worked with them. Toscano essentially indicated that after his  
time with Staedtler he knew how to take apart and put together a number of large  
format printers.  
[
218] Toscano now owns his own print shop and has 12 large format printers from  
various manufacturers. He is certified on 32 different printers.  
52 —  
[
219] Noel Shahnazarian introduced Toscano to Adams. At the time  
Shahnazarian was selling fabric and Toscano was interested in this fabric.  
[
220]  
When Shahnazarian introduced Toscano to Adams the accused was  
involved in a company printing fine art called Juma and his machines needed to be  
repaired and modified. Therefore, Toscano met with the accused in Hamilton. The  
accused had two large format printers. One was solvent-based and one was water-  
based. The solvent-based printer was working but the water-based one was not.  
Toscano at Adam’s request, put a document together regarding what he could do to  
assist Adams. Adams accepted and offered Toscano shares in Juma.  
[
221]  
Toscano indicated that he started to fix Adams’ printers for him when they  
opened up another company and moved to the Mainway location. The witness was  
shown Exhibit #93 dated March 18, 2005 which is the consultation agreement he  
signed. Toscano was to get a fee in cash and a number of shares and he was to  
develop technologies including retrofit the printers, the stretching machine and a  
bulk ink system.  
[
222]  
Toscano indicated that CGS Company bought the rights to distribute  
Staedtler ink in the U.S. and Canada. He indicated that in his last year working for  
Staedtler he had helped CGS to get them up to speed including the bulk ink system  
that he had developed. It was his intention to develop the bulk ink system for  
Suncastle and Adams.  
[
223]  
There were numerous ongoing meetings with Adams. Adams put together  
a group of companies called the Suncastle group of companies which was  
Suncastle, Majestic and Decorative Impressions.  
[
224]  
Carlo Toscano and his brother Mario signed on as directors of Majestic.  
Exhibit #85 dated June 20, 2005 shows Toscano as president and his brother as  
vice president of Majestic. Toscano didn’t really know why he took the position other  
than it was offered to him by Adams. He understood that Decorative Impressions  
53 —  
was the artistic arm; that Suncastle was the technology and development arm and  
that Majestic was the printing arm of the group of companies.  
[
225]  
Toscano testified about the canvas stretcher. Toscano indicated that the  
normal procedure was to put the canvas on wood stretcher bars but that this was  
very labour intensive method so they wanted to decrease costs through automation  
of the stretching process to make it both faster and cheaper. Toscano indicated that  
his brother was a millwright and so he was able to mill and manufacture the  
components for the stretching machine and Tony Yaworski was guy who had the  
background in hydraulics. He said that together the three of them created the  
machine to stretch the canvas on the wood stretcher bars. He testified that this was  
developed between March 2005 and when he and his brother left the company in  
August or September 2005.  
[
226]  
Toscano indicated he did not submit expenses for this work on the canvas  
stretcher. He knew that a lot of the technology was going into SR&ED claims being  
made by Adams. A SR&ED claim is a government research and development claim  
where companies can apply to get money back for research and development  
innovations. It was necessary to do the work and document the costs and if it was a  
technological innovation the government gives money for it even if it didn’t work.  
William Stark told Toscano that a SR&ED claim had been submitted to the  
government for the canvas stretcher. Toscano indicated that he did not discuss this  
with Adams but he knew that Adams worked with Stark to submit the SR&ED claim  
to the government.  
[
227]  
Toscano testified that he had a meeting with Stark and Stark had asked him  
questions about what he had developed. Stark was the person who had expertise in  
putting the SR&ED claims into the government and he assumed that it was Adams  
who set up the meeting between himself and Stark. He was shown Exhibit #94,  
which is the SR&ED claim dated June 30, 2005. He indicated that that he was the  
source of the information on page two and page 13 regarding the canvas stretching  
fixture and that he had given that information to Stark.  
54 —  
[
228]  
Toscano also testified about what he described as the Lumo color Fixation  
Device for printers. He indicated that lumo color ink was developed by Staedtler in  
approximately 2001 while he was still working for Staedtler. The lumo color was  
designed to replace the solvent-based inks and could be used outdoors with  
durability. He said this is a revolutionary ink but it required a modification to large  
format printers if the ink was to have the same properties as the solvent inks  
normally used for outdoor printing jobs. Staedtler had solved this problem by using  
an infrared heating device. The intention was to develop an environmentally friendly  
water-based ink to replace solvent-based inks.  
[
229]  
Toscano testified that a German company called Technoplots was the first  
company with a working retrofit for a large format printer for lumo color ink. That  
was in about 2001 and that’s when Staedtler released lumo color. Toscano testified  
that other companies in Europe and Japan also made retrofits within a year of  
Technoplot’s developing their retrofit. This was in about 2002. The companies that  
could retrofit the printers to change them into water-based printers plus install the  
heating device were called “system integrators”. Toscano also indicated that Europe  
is normally about three years ahead of North America in terms of innovations in the  
print industry. The technology was well received in Europe. However, the retrofit  
with the heating system cost $40,000  $50,000 and the printers themselves costs  
$60,000 - $100,000. Notwithstanding the cost this was clearly the way the industry  
was moving because there was a mandate to eliminate VOCs in the printing industry  
by 2017.  
[
230]  
In 2004 a Canadian company in B.C. called, Taca Sign Supplies ordered  
one of these retrofit systems through CGS, which was the company Toscano was  
working for at the time and Toscano sold them both the retrofit and the lumo color  
ink.  
[
231]  
Toscano was therefore trying to duplicate what Technoplots had done but  
trying to do the retrofit for less than it cost in Europe. He spoke to Staedtler  
regarding what temperatures were required to bind the various inks to the various  
55 —  
media.  
232]  
[
Toscano identified the business plan which is Exhibit #4 and he was  
directed to page 19, under the heading, “Majestic heat fixing system”. There are two  
paragraphs here, the first refers to solvent-based inks and the second refers to lumo  
color ink. Toscano clarified that a retrofit for a solvent-based printer involved  
converting it to be able print with water-based inks so that the printing head did not  
get clogged and the necessary heater to allow the water-based ink to have the  
durability qualities of a solvent-based ink.  
[
233]  
Toscano testified that he, his brother and Danny Chilleli created this retrofit  
heating system for the lumo color ink. He knew that Majestic put together a SR&ED  
claim for this work. He indicated that in the summer of 2005 he had spoken to  
Adams about this and that Adams said that people were working on this SR&ED  
claim. He testified that it was about $100 in materials to create this heating device  
and he indicated that they worked about 60 hours a week on this but they had  
figured it out in a couple of weeks so the costs was well less than $50,000. He  
indicated he was not paid either salary or shares for this.  
[
234]  
Toscano was then shown Exhibit #91 which is the summary from the  
forensic accountant. He indicated that he is the only person who developed any  
form of heating system at Majestic/Suncastle. He was the only one that had the  
proper background to do it. There is a SR&ED claim for $166,920 and he indicated  
he had no idea where this came from and it was nowhere near the cost of producing  
this heating system. The numbered company mentioned there is unknown to him  
and he indicated he never worked for them.  
[
235]  
Toscano testified that he did not received stock or any other set off and that  
nothing was paid to him for this work. He indicated he was paid small amounts on  
an inconsistent basis by Suncastle. He was shown Exhibit #95 which is the  
Suncastle general ledger as of May 31, 2008. It shows him being paid about $1,800  
and that was consistent with his recollection.  
56 —  
[
236]  
Toscano testified that the heat fixing system, the bulk ink system and the  
canvas stretcher were all his ideas. There was no water-based coating ever  
developed that was waterproof and scratch resistant. He indicated that only he and  
perhaps Noel Shahnazarian would be capable of doing this.  
[
237]  
He indicated that he left Suncastle/Majestic in late summer, early fall 2005.  
He indicated that it was because the bills were coming in and he was not getting  
compensated. He met with Adams, Rob Dash and everyone that worked there,  
including Mary Kricfalusi. He was told that he had not brought in investors and  
hadn’t finished projects. He hadn’t finished some of them because they hadn’t  
provided him with money to finish. He indicated that when he left he had never met  
Fascio or Paul Socholotiuk.  
[
238]  
He was shown Exhibit #89 which is the Suncastle business plan dated in  
August 2005. He indicated that part of it was his work and that he had been asked  
to provide information for the document and that Rob Dash asked him to proofread  
it. He indicated as well that he was positive that Adams was aware of the contents  
of this business plan as they had gone over it together.  
[
239] It should be noted that this makes a great deal of sense considering Adam’s  
degree of control regarding these companies.  
[
240] He referred to page four of Exhibit #89 indicating that they had a bulk ink  
system for one unit and were looking to develop it for multiple units.  
[
241]  
Toscano testified that there was no relationship between Suncastle and  
Staedtler in 2005. He indicated that he had been sent to Germany to speak to  
Staedtler since he used to work for them and knew the parties that were involved.  
Suncastle wanted to exclusively distribute the ink in Canada and Staedtler refused to  
sign on to that. He thought it was unlikely they’d be able to get that agreement with  
Staedtler because they hadn’t purchased any ink from them. He told this to Adams.  
Adams said to get the agreement and then they would do some purchasing. He met  
57 —  
with Dieter from Staedtler and they liked the idea but he said Suncastle needed to  
prove themselves by purchasing from them. When he returned from Germany he  
indicated that Adams was furious. Adams said he needed this agreement with  
Staedtler for the investors as Adams had told investors that they had a tentative  
contract with Staedtler.  
[
242] Toscano was clear that Suncastle never developed the ink and that only he  
and Noel Shahnazarian would be capable of even considering doing that.  
[
243] He was shown page three of Exhibit #89 and indicated that he did not see  
anything resembling a coating technology.  
[
244]  
alliance with Staedtler was incorrect. Also on page 12 there is a notation about  
Aqua Color”. Toscano never heard of aqua colour. There was no proprietary  
He was shown page 12 of Exhibit #89 and indicated that the purported  
printing solution for the ink as noted on page 12 because other companies also had  
this system. Toscano testified that some of the statements on page 12 are almost  
exact statements from Staedtler’s website that were incorporated into Suncastle’s  
business plan. He indicated that Suncastle was not in the ink business from a  
manufacturing standpoint. He indicated that he did not see the business plan in the  
final version and would have objected if he had seen it.  
[
245]  
Toscano had sold lumo color ink and the retrofit system to the company  
Taca in Vancouver but he didn’t recall telling that to Adams. The witness did hear  
Adams tell investors that they were the only company with water-based inks to  
replace solvents and at the time the heating system was running and they were  
showing it to clients. He also heard Adams say that they had exclusive rights on the  
product and Toscano knew this to be false. Toscano testified that he spoke Adams  
about this.  
Q. Did you tell him,...  
A. Yes.  
Q. ...Herb, you can’t say that, that’s not right?  
58 —  
A. Yes.  
Q. What  tell us about that conversation? How did that go when you told  
him that he can’t be saying this kind of stuff?  
A. Well, I told him that there were other companies that were selling this  
product. C.G.S. in the United States could sell the product. In fact, any  
system integrator could sell the product. To this day anyone can sell the  
product as long as they have a system in place.  
Q. Okay. Did you tell him that Technoplot...  
A. Yes.  
Q. ...was selling the product?  
A. Yes, I told him that there was a German outfit that was selling the  
product in Europe.  
[
246]  
Toscano testified that he made clear to Adams that what he was telling  
investors was false. Adams was not telling investors that the product existed in  
Europe. In addition, Toscano knew that Adams knew about Taca, the company in  
B.C., having the technology because they were dealing with Taca buying printers  
and solvent ink from them. Exhibit #95, establishes that Taca’ is listed on the  
general ledger and shows the business dealings the company had with Taca.  
Toscano knew that Adams was saying that the retrofit unit was unique and that he  
was telling investors it was our system and our ink”. Adams told investors that no  
one else in North America had it.  
[
247]  
Exhibit #4 is the Majestic business plan. On page six souken ink is  
mentioned. Toscano was clear that souken ink was lumo color ink with the label  
changed but that no changes were done to the ink itself and that Staedtler was the  
producer of this ink. On page seven of Exhibit #4 there is a statement about lack of  
competition and Taca clearly had this same ink and retrofit system. Therefore, this  
statement is not true. Toscano heard Adams say to investors that there was no  
competition for this ink and this was even after Toscano had a discussion with  
Adams during which they had argued about this point.  
[
248]  
Toscano testified that he also heard Adams tell investors that Noel  
Shahnazarian had altered the ink. Toscano also testified that Noel Shahnazarian  
said he they were going to put a binder of some sort into the ink so that it would  
59 —  
work without the heating unit or the retrofit kit. Toscano did not see eye-to-eye with  
Shahnazarian about re-engineering the ink as it did not make sense, it would have  
been impossible to do and Staedtler would have defended their inks and formulas.  
[
249]  
Toscano indicated that he had spoken to investors at times and discussed  
technologies and what they were trying to achieve. He indicated that Adams had  
asked him to speak to certain investors and he indicated to them that the industry  
has gone from solvents to water-based just as they predicted and he did tell  
investors that they were at the forefront of this.  
[
250]  
Toscano indicated that they had tried to put lumo color ink in HP printers  
but it had clogged the thermal print head that HP uses and it was not viable to  
connect HP printers to using lumo color ink.  
[
251]  
He was show Exhibit #3 which is the PowerPoint presentation. He said  
he’d never seen this before. He indicated that the reference on page two to  
exclusive rights with Staedtler did not exist when he was with Suncastle.  
[
252]  
Toscano testified there were a number of large format prints of Britney,  
Shania Twain and other Rolling Stones covers in the foyer at Majestic. Toscano  
testified that he had printed these prints himself with solvent inks. Toscano did not  
hear Adams tell investors that these prints were printed with souken ink.  
[
253]  
Toscano testified that he left because he wasn’t getting paid. He and his  
brother came, took what was theirs and never returned. He indicated they did not  
take the technology they had developed and hadn’t been paid for. He was shown  
Exhibit #96 and it confirmed with him that he probably left at the end of August or  
early September 2005. Toscano was adamant that he did not do any damage to the  
printers. He indicated that Adams accused him of that and that Adams had gone to  
the police about him damaging printers, making them inoperable and stealing ink.  
He indicated that he gave a statement to police and was never charged. He  
indicated that the printers were fully operational when he left.  
60 —  
[
254]  
Toscano now runs his own company called Global Printing. They did not  
use the technology from Majestic or Suncastle. They do not use lumo color ink.  
They use HP printers bought from HP and they’re just in the printing business.  
[
255]  
In cross-examination Toscano testified that when he first met Adams,  
Adams had indicated to him that he wanted to become a leader in the large format  
print industry. Toscano had told Adams that he had done a bulk ink system before.  
Toscano indicated that lumo color ink was in fact revolutionary although people in  
the industry thought it had been released too early because manufacturers were still  
selling a lot of solvent printers and it was too early to change that over to water-  
based. The benefit of lumo color ink was that it was a water-based ink that could  
essentially stick to anything but needed curing. In Europe that process was being  
done by infrared lights. Toscano told all of this to Adams. Toscano testified that  
lumo color ink worked if you had the proper curing process and once you had the  
curing process then lumo color ink is revolutionary. He indicated that once the  
heating process had been perfected lumo color ink was capable of being used on  
outdoor banner and was scratch and water resistant. Lumo color ink had been used  
in Europe and could be used with virtually all media. Staedtler in fact claimed that it  
could be widely used and have the outdoor capabilities of solvent ink.  
[
256]  
Toscano testified that he had modified the heating process using halogen  
lights and dimmer switch. He indicated that Staedtler did not object to this as they  
wanted some “system integrators” and the North American market was certainly  
lucrative for large format printing although Staedtler preferred only having a small  
number of system integrators so as to not saturate the market and to allow Staedtler  
to keep control of the product.  
[
257]  
Toscano testified that his retrofit cost no more than $100 so it was a  
nominal amount compared to other conversions. So the lumo color ink system plus  
the bulk ink system could be very cost effective for companies.  
[
258]  
Toscano agreed that Adams wanted to sell the product as a kit which would  
61 —  
include the retrofit, including the heating unit and training on a new printer as well as  
the bulk ink system. They believed that if they were the first company to bring that  
kit to market that it was potentially very lucrative.  
[
259]  
Toscano testified that Suncastle did not have an exclusive agreement with  
Staedtler regarding the ink when he was there. He indicated that he had a number  
of discussions with Adams regarding the lumo color ink and Adams knew that  
Staedtler also sold the lumo color ink to CGS.  
[
260]  
According to Toscano, the retrofit system he created was working and that  
they could have gone to production with the retrofit system. This evidence was later  
contradicted by Adams.  
[
261]  
Toscano testified that his trip to Germany was in order to try and get an  
exclusive distributorship for Suncastle for a variety of products, including lumo color.  
Staedtler wanted them to buy high quantities of ink first before confirming any  
exclusivity arrangement. Toscano indicated it was the norm when he was working  
for Staedtler for companies to purchase $150,000  $200,000 worth of ink as an  
opening order and Suncastle’s opening order was only about $10,000. Toscano  
said that Staedtler expected a lot more ink purchases than that if Suncastle was  
going to become a distributor at all.  
[
262]  
Toscano testified that Staedtler had no issue with companies rebranding the  
ink and apparently they did that all the time. Toscano was clear that a purchasing  
company could put whatever name they wanted on the lumo color ink. He indicated  
that he never told Adams that he didn’t need to tell investors that he got the ink from  
Staedtler and that Adams told people all the time that they were dealing with  
Staedtler.  
[
263]  
Toscano testified that it was important to Adams to have an agreement with  
Staedtler to show investors and that Adams wanted it known that Suncastle was in  
business with Staedtler. He indicated that he did not recall Adams saying that they  
62 —  
invented the ink. He indicated that Adams was not just telling people about the ink  
but that Suncastle was going to be a system integrator.  
[
264]  
Toscano confirmed that it was not correct that Tony Yaworski built the  
stretching machine by himself. This contradicts Yaworski’s evidence on this point.  
Toscano’s evidence was that he and his brother Mario, had helped Yaworski with  
this machine. This evidence from both Yaworski and Toscano was later contradicted  
by the witness Daniel LeBlanc.  
[
265]  
Toscano testified that in 2004, when he was employed by CGS, he had sold  
Taca, the company in British Columbia, some lumo color ink but he did not know if  
Taca kept purchasing ink from CGS.  
[
266]  
Toscano was shown the December 2005 agreement with Staedtler which is  
Exhibit #103. He had not seen that document before. It was dated after he had  
gone to Germany to meet with Staedtler. His evidence was that it was not the type  
of agreement that he had brought to Germany with him to attempt to get Staedtler to  
sign. Toscano confirmed that Staedtler did not want to enter into a new business  
relationship with Suncastle without Suncastle making a significant purchase of ink.  
[
267]  
Toscano was shown Exhibit #105, which is the August 2006 contract which  
confirms the sale of ink to Suncastle from Staedtler with certain volumes being met.  
He indicated that the agreement that he had brought with him to Germany made by  
Tom Brown did not have those specifics in it. Toscano was also asked about  
paragraph two in Exhibit #105, which is the exclusivity clause. He indicated that  
CGS had the same type of agreement for the same inks.  
[
268] It should be noted that the exclusivity mentioned in paragraph two of Exhibit  
105 for Suncastle was only related to the inks listed in appendix 1 as relabelled by  
#
Suncastle with a label of their choice. The contract also does not include anything  
about lumo color ink. It relates only to the ordinary inks sold by Staedtler.  
Paragraph three leaves it open to Staedtler to sell the same inks to other companies  
63 —  
so long as it’s under the Staedtler name or if it’s under a private label name chosen  
by the other company and the name is different from the private label used by  
Suncastle. Therefore, the exclusivity part of the Exhibit #105 is extremely narrow  
and really only protects Suncastle when they are selling Staedtler ink under  
whatever name Suncastle chooses to sell it as. In other words, its not much of an  
exclusivity agreement and it does not relate at all to lumo color ink. This contract is  
therefore of very little benefit to Suncastle. The contract did not include the lumo  
color ink and the exclusivity on the other inks was to a large extent illusory. In  
addition, these facts must have been patently obvious to anyone who read this  
contract.  
[
269]  
Toscano testified that the inks listed in Schedule A which is attached to  
Exhibit # 105 are inks are widely available in North America. Toscano clarified that  
Staedtler made these types of agreements with anyone who wanted to sell their  
inks.  
[
270] Toscano noted that CGS also sold Staedtler inks and that he knew 10  12  
companies in Canada that sold the inks under the Staedtler name.  
[
[
271]  
272]  
Toscano testified that he left Suncastle/Majestic in the fall of 2005.  
Toscano reiterated that when he went to Germany he could not secure an  
agreement with Staedtler. He indicated that Adams was furious when he heard this.  
[
273] Toscano’s evidence was that he heard Adams say to investors that  
Suncastle had exclusive rights to the printing process. He also heard Adams claim  
that Suncastle and Staedtler had an agreement. He knew this was a lie and he was  
concerned about it. When asked why he didn’t call the police, he indicated the  
system that they had developed was proprietary, Staedtler was aware of that and  
they wanted system integrators and he felt it was just a matter of time before they  
got a contract with Staedtler.  
[
274]  
Toscano was asked about the statement that he made on June 29, 2010 to  
64 —  
the Ontario Securities Commission investigator. At that time he told the investigator  
that he felt the fraud was that they took investor’s money and did not use the money  
to do what they had said. It was pointed out to him that he did not mention that  
Adams had lied about a contract with Staedtler when interviewed by the investigator  
in June of 2010. Toscano explained this by claiming that his first instinct was to  
point out that he did not commit a fraud and to justify that what he did was what he  
was told to do and that he did it properly. He wanted to protect himself from being  
accused of fraud. Toscano was insistent that the lumo color ink and the heating  
system that he devised worked properly. His concern was that they were talking  
about a contract which they did not have. He indicated that he did not mention this  
is in the June 2010 interview because they asked him questions before regarding  
this and felt it was self-evident.  
[
275]  
Toscano denied creating any sort of fraudulent agreement reportedly from  
Staedtler after he returned from Germany in 2005. He denied that when it was  
discovered that he had lied about having a contract that he was fired and he  
indicated that he had left on his own accord. He was then shown several emails  
which are Exhibit #156. He denied telling Adams that Staedtler was going to  
complete the contract electronically as per their practice. He further denied telling  
Tom Brown that he had negotiated an agreement between Suncastle and Staedtler  
and he did not tell Tom Brown that his own company had a company with Staedtler.  
The only agreement he ever had with Staedtler was when he was employed by  
them. He maintained that he did go to Germany and had met with Staedtler. Adams  
has a different version of these events. Brown also gave evidence regarding this  
issue of the contract arising from Toscano’s Germany trip but it was not particularly  
helpful in resolving the issue. Their evidence in this regard will be set out when their  
evidence is reviewed in this judgment.  
[
276]  
Toscano was confronted about the printers being vandalized when he left  
the company and Paul Socholotiuk’s evidence that when he started at the company  
after Toscano had left the printers were not operational. When Toscano was asked if  
65 —  
he knew why this may have happened, he testified that the one printer that was  
modified with the heating system was structured so that only he knew how to  
operate it and if it was not set up and operated properly it was likely not to work. He  
also indicated that if the other printers had not been used for a period of time that  
there could be clogged heads or clogged lines.  
[
277]  
Toscano was asked if he liked Adams and he indicated he didn’t like what  
Adams had done. He admitted telling the police that he would testify with a smile on  
his face because he knew his evidence was the truth and he was happy to tell the  
truth. He indicated that he was unhappy with Adams because he wasn’t truthful with  
investors or to the people who worked there although he admitted that even though  
he had heard Adams lie to investors regarding the existence of a contract with  
Staedtler he did not go to the police about that. He felt that Adams didn’t tell the  
whole story and reveal his whole agenda. He indicated that Adams had turned his  
life upside down. He did admit that the company had a ton of potential and was on  
the cusp of succeeding.  
[
278]  
Toscano testified that Adams had said that he was going to take the  
company public initially but he always delayed it and then heard Adams say he was  
not going to go public. He told this to Toscano, his brother Mario and others were  
also present. Toscano indicated that Adams had promised them that they were  
going to take the company public while they were there. The witness further  
maintained that they had a product that worked. The problem was that Adams was  
not making the necessary steps to take the company public.  
[
279]  
Toscano testified that most of Suncastle and Majestic’s business plans  
were his work and that Homer Arvanitis had put the final version together. He didn’t  
know what contribution Adams made to the business plan.  
[
280]  
As noted earlier the evidence is contradictory regarding who completed the  
work on the stretching machine. Toscano confirmed that he, his brother Mario, and  
Tony Yaworski had completed it together and he described the process. Toscano  
66 —  
was then shown Exhibits #162 to #168, which are Daniel Leblanc’s documents  
regarding the stretching machine. He indicated he didn’t know who Leblanc was  
and that he had never seen him in the building. He indicated that the documents in  
these exhibits were documents required for the SR&ED claim.  
[
281]  
In re-examination Toscano testified that he was aware of at least three  
other private label agreements in favour of other companies from working with  
Staedtler. These companies sold Staedtler inks under their own private label. He  
said that Staedtler always required a non-disclosure agreement as they didn’t want  
competing companies to know about each other. He indicated that when Adams  
talked about being the only company with this, it was referring more to the ink than  
to the process. The majority of the time it was the ink Adams was talking about. He  
indicated he told Adams he didn’t have to tell the investors who created the ink but  
he didn’t tell Adams that he could tell investors that Adams had in fact invented the  
ink.  
[
282]  
Toscano reiterated that lumo color is not included in Exhibit #105.  
Toscano’s evidence was that he was aware from his previous employment at  
Staedtler that when he worked for them Staedtler had over $10,000,000 in sales in  
Canada alone for these types of inks.  
[
283]  
Finally, Toscano noted that the ink they were using at Suncastle was lumo  
color ink but that they had obtained it by way of a separate order from Staedtler for  
about $10,000 worth of the lumo color ink.  
(
iii)  
Paul Socholotiuk:  
[
284]  
Paul Socholotiuk is in the printer repair business for large format printers.  
He now owns his own graphic business called Booth Signs and Graphics. Prior to  
working for Majestic he worked for a company called Advantage Graphic Supplies.  
He has training with Mimaki printers and he has also worked on HP printers.  
[
285]  
Socholotiuk testified that he went to Suncastle/Majestic for a service call.  
67 —  
Majestic had four printers at the time. Two of the four printers, that being the eight  
foot and the five foot printers, were both dead and Socholotiuk got them running  
again. As a result Adams offered him a job at the end of the summer of 2006.  
Socholotiuk said the following about which company he worked for:  
Q. Okay. So Mr. Adams asked you, invited you to come work for, and who  
did he ask you to work for Majestic or Suncastle?  
A. It was just - he didn't really say specifically what company I was working  
for. I assumed it was all like part of Majestic.  
Q. You assumed what was part of Majestic?  
A. Like Suncastle and Majestic. My contracts were originally with  
Suncastle but we worked with Majestic. It was like one in the same.  
[
286]  
Socholotiuk testified that he worked on a heating device to get the souken  
ink working. He also did some sales work for them. The heating device was being  
developed to cure the ink on whatever media or substrate they were using. In  
addition, Socholotiuk was maintaining the printers on a daily basis. He was offered  
both a salary and some shares in the company for his services. Socholotiuk took  
directions from Adams regarding the heating device and his work with the large  
format printers. It was Adams who moved Socholotiuk to Majestic in late 2007.  
[
287]  
Adams showed Socholotiuk samples of what the souken ink could do and  
he was told that it was a water-based ink with no VOCs. Socholotiuk testified that  
all of this lent credibility to the apparent exclusivity agreement that Majestic had with  
Staedtler. Socholotiuk testified that he did not understand that other companies  
were developing heating devices or had access to lumo color as Adams had told  
him that lumo color was exclusive to them.  
[
288]  
By early 2007 Fascio had the first generation of the heating device working.  
He had met Fascio approximately a month before while on a sales call and told him  
about the heating device and Fascio said that he could do it. Early in 2007 the first  
version was completed which worked pretty well, but it did not pass, what he  
described as the scratch test. He indicated that he spoke to Adams regarding the  
first run and Adams gave approval to do a second run. The second run was in the  
68 —  
spring/summer of 2007. Socholotiuk testified that if a shareholder was told that  
souken ink was market ready prior to this, it was simply false. He indicated that the  
second run did what they were hoping for regarding printing but that it was still  
insufficient regarding the scratch test. There was also a problem with some of the  
media buckling from the heat that was being applied. He told this to Adams and he  
told Adams that ink was still not ready for market. There would have been lots of  
complaints if Majestic had tried to sell the ink and he told this to the accused. The  
accused apparently did not like these results and took the project from Socholotiuk  
and gave it to a company in Italy. Later on Adams told him that they had solved the  
problem but Socholotiuk never saw any real proof that this was completed.  
[
289]  
Socholotiuk was paid his first few invoices and also paid by some shares  
but he never saw the shares. He was also told that the shares that he was given in  
lieu of cash could be sold after the company went public. There was a period when  
he couldn’t sell the shares. He is owed $35,000 from these companies for work that  
he has done.  
[
290] Socholotiuk also testified that it was Adams that controlled the daily  
operations of these companies.  
[
291]  
Socholotiuk was aware Adams was selling his own shares allegedly  
because Adams had his shares for the stipulated period of time so it met the time  
requirements.  
[
292]  
Socholotiuk indicated that at one point Adams asked him to put his invoices  
for Booth Graphics through Majestic in order to make Majestic’s sales look better.  
This is Socholotiuk’s evidence on this point:  
Q. At any point in time did Mr. Adams ask you to do anything with your  
business that made you uncomfortable?  
A. Yeah, you’re referring to him asking me to put in invoices through  
Majestic to kind of make their numbers look better.  
Q. Explain that. His Honour doesn’t know what we’re talking about so you  
need to explain that please.  
A. I was asked to put some of my jobs through Majestic like to bill my  
69 —  
customers with Majestic invoices and then bill myself out as an expense to  
make Majestic’s numbers look better, to look like they’re having monthly  
sales that are higher than they actually were.  
Q. Okay. And did you end up doing it?  
A. You know I did one invoice and then I just wasn’t comfortable with it  
and, you know, for a company with all kinds of shareholders it just didn’t  
seem ethical so I, I told him I wouldn’t do it anymore.  
Q. And that was Mr. Adams specifically asking you?  
A. Yes.  
Q. Did he indicate to you why he was concerned about how Majestic was  
doing if it wasn’t his company?  
A. I think he just wanted to show that Majestic was, you know, selling  
product and having monthly revenues and, you know, to make it look like it  
was doing better than it was. You know the sales guys were trying, it’s just  
that the sales weren’t as high as they could be.  
[
293]  
In cross-examination Socholotiuk denied that he was told to put this invoice  
through Majestic because he had used Majestic’s printer and not to help Adams  
achieve his objective of making Majestic’s sales look better.  
[
294]  
Socholotiuk testified that there were giant posters in Majestic but he didn’t  
know the type of ink used to print these. When he was there Majestic was not using  
souken ink for any jobs. It was only using the souken ink for testing purposes. He  
indicated that the printing was okay with souken ink but that the durability was not  
there and that was the significance of the scratch test he had mentioned.  
[
295]  
If the shareholders were told that souken ink was water and scratch proof  
like solvent ink Socholotiuk noted that was just not true. It was also not true that the  
ink was altered with a polymer to give it the extraordinary qualities. Adams was  
aware of both of these facts. There were some regular ink sales at Majestic but  
none of the souken ink was being sold.  
[
296]  
Socholotiuk was aware that the D5 cartridge was sold to one particular  
company in Florida and that it had failed but it was not using souken ink. Majestic  
did have one print job and that was for the Wal-Mart walk and they may have done  
some other small print jobs as well.  
70 —  
[
297]  
Socholotiuk identified Exhibit #74 which is a handwritten note that he  
received in the late fall of 2006 or early 2007. Adams made this note and gave it to  
Socholotiuk. It was a “to do” list. On the second page there was an indication that  
Adams had said he wanted souken working”. This was a reference to the souken  
ink. Socholotiuk was asked if it was clear that everyone knew souken ink was not  
working and he testified that everyone knew that.  
[
298]  
Socholotiuk was asked if he knew what the shareholders were being told  
regarding souken ink. He indicated he was not sure what the shareholders were  
aware of but they had never sold souken ink as a marketable product. Socholotiuk  
indicated that if the lumo color ink had been able to pass the scratch test that it  
would have been ready to go out the door.  
[
299] In cross-examination Socholotiuk indicated that he would see shareholders  
come by and that they were mostly taken around the company by Bishop.  
[
300]  
Socholotiuk testified that he never heard that Majestic had invented the ink  
and that there was no hiding that they were working with Staedtler. He indicated he  
did not recall either Bishop or Adams saying that Shahnazarian had added a  
polymer to the ink and he did not see that on any printed material.  
[
301]  
Socholotiuk agreed that they were on the road to getting lumo color  
system” to work. He indicated that lumo color ink was stored at Majestic, it came in  
marked with Staedtler boxes and some of the cartridges were rebranded with  
souken ink. The ink was generally kept in a cage in Staedtler boxes but there were  
all different types of inks in the cage. He indicated that Mary Kricfalusi had told him  
not to put Staedtler on souken ink as Staedtler did not want their name on it because  
it was under development.  
[
302]  
Socholotiuk testified that as time progressed the issue became with the  
cartridge and not the ink. He indicated that “we kinda switched over” to the cartridge  
that Fascio had developed and that souken ink did not seem to be in the forefront at  
71 —  
that time.  
303] In November 2006 this witness was voted on to Majestic’s board of  
[
directors. He left the board of directors in 2007. He indicated that Adams was not at  
the board of directors meetings and he did not recall if Adams had a consulting  
agreement with Majestic. He indicated that he’d asked Rob Dash to see the  
financials and Dash indicated to him that it was none of his business because he  
was only a junior director. Socholotiuk also asked Adams about this because he  
believed that Adams was the boss. Adams told Socholotiuk that if he didn’t like it, he  
should resign from the board of directors, which he did.  
[
304]  
souken ink heating process that Adams hired another company to work on the  
heating process. Socholotiuk testified that he had introduced Fascio to the  
Socholotiuk agreed that after he had gone as far as he could go with the  
company. Fascio was an engineer Socholotiuk had met on a service call. Fascio  
was contracted to work on the heating device for the ink, as well as the cartridges  
and the filling line.  
[
305]  
Socholotiuk reviewed what Fascio had done regarding the heating device,  
the D5 cartridge and the filling line. Fascio had indicated that he would license a  
newly designed cartridge to Suncastle Socholotiuk testified that the technology flow  
therefore seemed to go to developing the cartridge as it was considered to be  
something that HP would want to buy out.  
[
306]  
Socholotiuk was not aware of lawsuits against Fascio or that Fascio had  
been charged with fraud or assault. He was also not aware of Bishop’s tax issues  
and / or Bishop being sanctioned by the Ontario Securities Commission.  
(
iv)  
Homeric Arvanitis:  
[
307]  
Homeric Arvanitis used to be a chartered accountant but his licence was  
rescinded and he was expelled from the Institute of Chartered Accountants of  
Ontario as a result of defrauding the lawyer, Kathryn Naumetz.  
72 —  
[
308]  
Arvanitis testified that has known Adams for 18 to 19 years. He first met  
Adams when Adams had a business that involved a concrete additive. He was told  
that Adams had found some technology invented by a professor in Texas that if  
added made concrete better and that this was something new in the industry at the  
time.  
[
309]  
Arvanitis testified that in 2004 Adams called him and asked for help with the  
accounting and with the business plan for his businesses. While Arvanitis couldn’t  
hold himself out any longer as a chartered accountant, he could still do some  
accounting and bookkeeping. When Arvanitis first started to assist Adams the  
company had something to do with art reproduction concepts. However, Arvanitis  
testified that the company transitioned from that business to some technology that  
had to do with ink. He didn’t recall exactly when that transition took place.  
[
310] Arvanitis testified that he only worked for Adams from 2004 until the fall of  
005. He indicated that he assisted in drafting some of the business plans and the  
2
cash flow chart which depended on the information provided to him by Adams. He  
indicated that for the original version of the business plan it was mostly Adams  
providing financial information and Carlo Toscano providing the technical  
information. Arvanitis’ evidence was that he prepared the draft business plans and  
that Adams cast the final vote, with input from the technical side, in terms of  
approval of the business plan. Arvanitis was shown three business plans but was  
very vague as to what in fact he had put in those business plans.  
[
311]  
Arvanitis indicated that he recalled Noel Shahnazarian coming in once and  
a while. He believed he was one of the technical guys for the ink although Adams  
was the hub of the wheel. When the draft of the business plan was completed it  
was Adams who did the final approval.  
[
312] Arvanitis testified that at one point Adams felt he had a technology to  
revolutionize the industry.  
73 —  
[
313]  
It was clear that while Arvanitis was with the company that Adams  
determined his pay, actually paid him, gave him instructions in terms of what tasks to  
do and Arvanitis reported back to Adams.  
[
314]  
When Arvanitis was asked if there were any concerns about the  
information included in the business plan, he indicated that he had heard that the  
technology had not been perfected, that it wasn’t a 10 out of 10. This was with  
respect to the ink, the cartridge and the filling line. He was very vague as to who  
gave him that information for the business plan and where he heard the rumours  
from regarding the technology not being complete. He indicated that he was  
concerned if investors were being told technology was complete when it was not  
complete.  
[
315]  
Arvanitis testified that he had a conversation with Adams indicating that it  
was not okay to indicate in the business plan that the technology was complete  
knowing that the technology was not 100% complete. Arvanitis testified that he  
asked Adams if Adams was sure that he wanted to put the inaccurate information in  
the business plan. He indicated that he did not recall Adams response to that.  
[
[
316]  
317]  
Arvanitis indicated that he was not involved in the final draft.  
It should be noted that this witness was very defensive about his  
contribution to the business plan. It left open the inference that he was more  
involved in the business plan than he let on and that he was quite aware that the  
business plan contained untruths that he wanted to distance himself from.  
[
318]  
For example, Arvanitis testified that at one point Adams had asked him to  
put something he knew to be untrue into the business plan. He said that he spoke  
to Adams about this but that he didn’t recall what Adams response was when they  
discussed it. He indicated that there are other things in the business plan that made  
him uncomfortable but his major concern was about the technologies.  
[
319]  
Arvanitis also prepared the cash flow that is Exhibit #66. The information in  
74 —  
this document came from Adams. He indicated that investors generally want to  
know assets, liabilities and cash flow. When asked if he was aware that the  
company had a large debt he testified that he didn’t specifically recall that. That  
debt is not noted on Exhibit #66.  
[
320]  
Arvanitis testified that with respect to Majestic that Adams was the  
controlling mind and the “go to guy” when Arvanitis was there. He indicated that  
Adams was the one that everyone would go to, sort of like the boss. He determined  
everyone’s pay and he described Adams as being the driving force working with the  
technical people.  
[
321]  
In the fall of 2005 Arvanitis left Majestic and cut ties with Adams. He started  
a company along with others, including Toscano and his brother, called Global  
Printing Enterprises. He said this was because of he didn’t think Majestic was going  
to work and he had philosophical differences with Adams. He didn’t like that Adams  
controlled his pay and that one man, namely, Adams called the shots. He indicated  
that he had enough and he was concerned about the technology. This is his  
evidence regarding why he left Majestic:  
Q. Okay. So what were the things that happened at Majestic that you—  
that led you to, to have certain concerns?  
A. My concern is that, that Herb was going to  or the company was  
going to  continue to raise funds; I was concerned about the legitimacy of  
the technology, as I’ve stated in the past, Your Honour; and I didn’t wanna’  
see  although I didn’t have any in the second go-around  I didn’t want  
any—I didn’t want any friends or family to lose money. That was my  
concern.  
Q. So you were concerned about the legitimacy of the technology,  
concerned about the fact that the company was raising funds?  
A. Yes.  
Q. And through what mechanism were they raising funds? Just to be  
clear; I know it’s probably….  
A.  
Probably the business plan and investor relationinvestor  
presentations.  
Q. Okay. And you’ve already sort of drawn for us the link between  
investors and legitimacy of the technology; i.e., not being complete in your  
mind?  
A. At that time, yes, sir.  
75 —  
Q. That is, not being market-ready?  
A. Correct.  
Q. Were there any other concerns about the validity of this company, or  
the legitimacy of the company, or it’s practices, that also caused you to, to  
look twice at it and say, “I wanna’ get out”? Were there practices that you  
were seeing that went….  
A. Practices?  
Q. Um hum.  
A. I think those two, sir, were my major concern. My major concern was  
raisecontinue toraising money, that maybe not the, not the full story  
was given, my major concern. And the other one was, I didn’t wanna see  
innocent people lose their money.  
Q. Okay. And when you say, “…not the full story was given”, are you  
solely referring to the technology not being complete or was there other  
parts of the story that you felt were not fulsomely given to investors?  
A. That, that was my concern; the technology was my concern.  
[
322]  
Arvanitis confirmed in cross-examination that the technical information in  
the business plan came from people other than Adams, for example Carlos Toscano.  
Arvanitis also confirmed that the rumours that he heard about the technology being  
an eight out of ten completed had also come from the technical people.  
[
323]  
Arvanitis was shown Exhibit #67 which is the webpage of his new company.  
The stated business philosophy of his new company is very similar to that stated in  
Majestic’s business plan.  
[
324]  
It should be noted that while Arvanitis was vague regarding Adams  
participation in and / or knowledge of the business plans, his evidence regarding the  
accused being the directing mind and will of Majestic at that time and Arvanitis’s  
concern about the misrepresentations being made are clear and cogent evidence to  
establish these points.  
(
v)  
Dale Hicks:  
[
325]  
Dale Hicks is a bookkeeper. Hicks initially worked for an accounting firm  
that worked for Majestic and Suncastle and so starting in 2006 she was doing the  
76 —  
bookkeeping at Majestic on behalf of the accounting firm. In July 2007 she was  
asked to work directly for Majestic and Suncastle at Adams request. However,  
Hicks was paid through Majestic. She worked there until 2008.  
[
326] Hicks job was to enter information from the bank statements, enter payroll  
information, enter bills paid and to complete other bookkeeping duties.  
[
327]  
Hicks testified that with respect to Majestic that Rob Dash was the  
president, but Dash reported to Adams, from what she saw. Hicks knew that Adams  
was not on the board of directors of Majestic at the time but she testified that  
anything major was run by Adams or Mary Kricfalusi. Hicks evidence was that Rob  
Dash consulted with Adams on anything important. She also noted that Adams was  
the person in charge at Suncastle in that he was the person who had the final say.  
She said that it was Adams who was calling the shots and was in control of what  
took place at both Suncastle and Majestic.  
[
328]  
Hicks was shown Exhibit #68 which is a note that she made and sent to her  
accounting principle on August 6, 2006. This includes the note that “We desperately  
need a group meeting.” She later writes, “Rob is president of Majestic and Herb  
keeps changing things.” Hicks explained that the note was related to her concern  
about cheques being written to Adams and Kricfalusi and Hicks believing they  
should be noted against payroll but she was being given contrary instructions and  
therefore did not know what to do and hence sought direction directly from the  
accountant.  
[
329]  
Hicks testified that Chad Adams, the accused’s son, worked at Majestic and  
he was paid on Majestic’s books. His salary was $500 a week at most. Chad  
Adams did not really have a title at the company. When he was there at work he  
would fill up cartridges and apparently spend lots of time in the office on the  
computer. She thought he was doing some graphic design but didn’t really pay  
much attention because he was the owner’s son. She did not recall his salary and  
she did not recall him as being vice president of marketing or making $68,000 a year  
77 —  
as stated in the documents provided to the mortgage person, Laurene Rogers.  
Rogers evidence will be detailed later in the judgment.  
[
330]  
Hicks described Kricfalusi’s role as being Adams assistant. She signed  
cheques for Suncastle, but she did not have a job description. According to Hicks, it  
seemed like Kricfalusi listened to Adams and did what Adams wanted her to do.  
[
331]  
Hicks was shown Exhibit #69 which is the Suncastle financial statement as  
of June 9, 2008 related to money transactions involving Adams. She had little  
recollection regarding the reason for these entries. Her recollection was also poor  
regarding the entries in Majestic’s ledger which is Exhibit # 70.  
[
332]  
Exhibits #71 and #72 are two cheques in the amount of $14,500 and  
$10,000 respectively provided to Adams at a period of time when he wasn’t on  
Majestic’s board of directors. Hicks testified that Adams was essentially given  
money whenever he wanted it as he was still in charge as even though Dash was  
president he still reported to Adams and Kricfalusi. She was just given instructions  
and she didn’t feel it was her place to inquire as to why.  
[
333]  
Hicks also testified that there were many money transfers back and forth  
between Suncastle and Majestic. It seemed to be for cash flow reasons. She was  
shown Exhibit #73 which shows a paycheque to Kricfalusi from Majestic  
notwithstanding that Kricfalusi worked for Suncastle. The financial records also  
reveal that Bishop was paid through Majestic at Adams direction. This was Hicks  
evidence about this issue:  
Q. How is it that Herb is the one instructing you on how to pay Steve  
Bishop when he has no official capacity at the company?  
A. As far as I was concerned, he—to me, the word “board of directors”  
means nothing. Ever since I started working for Majestic and Suncastle,  
Herb was in charge and I didn’t think to even question roles or who was a  
board of director or—I didn’t sign the cheques so, really, didn’t….  
Q. So is that to say he was in complete control of these finances without  
being part of the company?  
A. Um, yeah, I would say a fair amount, although Rob Dash was as well.  
Q. Who did sign the cheques?  
78 —  
A. I would say Rob Dash. I’m not sure if Danny Chilleli was another  
signing authority back then or not.  
Q. And if Herb told you to make out a cheque to a particular person….  
A. Well, I think Steve Bishop was but he wouldn’t have signed his own  
cheque, I don’t think.  
Q. If Herb, if Herb told you to, to make out a cheque to a particular person,  
was there ever a time that Rob Dash refused to sign?  
A. Not that I was aware of.  
Q. Never a time where, where Rob Dash said, “What…”—questioned the  
cheques that Herb was ordering or requisitioning?  
A. Not that I was aware of, no.  
Q. And between Rob Dash and Herb, who was more in charge of  
Majestic?  
A. Personally…  
Q. Yeah.  
A. …my feeling, Herb.  
[
334]  
It should be noted that these are two further indications that Adams  
remained the directing mind and will of Majestic even after his resignation from the  
board of directors in November 2006 and it also demonstrates how intermingled  
these two companies were notwithstanding that they were purportedly separate  
entities.  
[
335]  
In cross-examination Hicks testified that she did not know what Adams’  
status was at Majestic. She did not think that Steve Bishop was the CFO because  
he was not in charge of banking and the daily running of the company as Rob Dash  
and Adams did that. She understood that Bishop’s role was to bring in investors.  
Hicks would verbally give Bishop bank balances if he so requested. She indicated  
that she did not really know Rob Dash’s role. She described him as an overall  
manager and that he would go over the bookkeeping with her and he would often do  
spread sheets in his office. She didn’t really know what he did, but at times he  
spoke to her about the financial health of the company. Hicks was aware that  
Adams had health issues, that he walked with a cane and that he had a bad back.  
Adams was only in the office about 50% of the time. His health issues were  
noticeable and he would often come in later than the standard 9 a.m. to 5 p.m.  
79 —  
[
336]  
Hicks acknowledged that she did not have exposure to any of the  
discussions at the board meetings. She did not have any knowledge regarding  
whether Adams had a consulting agreement with Majestic.  
[
337]  
Hicks was shown Exhibit #69, which is the general ledger for Suncastle as  
of June 9, 2008. She agreed it was a recording of the money that Adams had  
brought in and taken out of the company and she indicated that the balance on the  
last page was approximately $181,000 indicating that Adams had brought in that  
amount of money more than he had taken out. She believed that the general  
ledgers had documents to back up the entries and that she would have reported it to  
her accounting principles if there was no back up documents. She indicated that the  
big issues went to the accountants and the accountants never told her that there  
was a problem with the books.  
[
338]  
Hicks was also shown Exhibit #70 which is Majestic’s general ledger as of  
May 31, 2008. It was similar to Exhibit #69 regarding debits and credits for Adams.  
She agreed that there was a general amount owing to Adams of about $15,000.  
[
339]  
Hicks was shown the cheque for $14,500 which is Exhibit #71. She  
indicated that she expected to see a cheque like this if it was for consulting fees and  
it should be noted that the cheque has a notation on it of “consulting fees”. She was  
shown Exhibit # 73, which is the general ledger for Majestic. It indicates that Adams  
put more money in the company than he took out. But she could not explain the  
discrepancy pointed out to her on the last page of this document. None of the  
people she knew on the board of directors, including Dash or Bishop or any of the  
others came up to her and said there was a problem with this ledger when there  
clearly was.  
[
340]  
Hicks testified that she was aware that Suncastle was purchasing ink from  
Staedtler. She thought that all of the staff there were also aware of it. In addition,  
she was not aware of any effort to hide this fact from her. However, she did not  
recall seeing a Staedtler label on anything on the premises.  
80 —  
[
341]  
Hicks became a shareholder of Majestic when Adams told her that she was  
doing a good job and that he wanted to gift her 20,000 shares. Adams did not ask  
for money for the shares. .  
(
vi)  
Anthony Yaworski:  
[
342]  
Anthony Yaworski is an auto body mechanic. Yaworski was working at East  
End Auto Body as a manager when he lent Angelo Salciccioli, $30,000 for his  
business. Salciccioli couldn’t pay the money back so he offered to pay Yaworski the  
money that he owed him in shares of a company called Juma. As such, Yaworski  
was introduced to Adams because Adams was the owner and the boss of Juma.  
Yaworski testified that he figured he wasn’t going to get any money from Salciccioli  
so he thought he may as well take the shares.  
[
343]  
In addition to the $30,000 that was supposed to be repaid in shares,  
Yaworski bought an additional $5000 in shares and also convinced some of his  
friends to make minor investments in the range of $400.  
[
344]  
Shortly after that Juma moved to the Mainway location and was now called  
Majestic. This was in 2005. Yaworski testified that he was responsible for the  
renovations that were done at Mainway to make the front entrance look like an art  
gallery. Yaworski testified that he had paid the costs for those renovations and  
initially he got some reimbursement for this but ultimately it got to the point where he  
wasn’t getting reimbursed anymore. In Yaworski’s words, “the whole place then  
went for a shit”.  
[
345]  
Yaworski testified that Tony Musitano tried to take over the company and  
that everyone was arguing. He said that Majestic’s business was to buy ink and  
media and sell it. He indicated that at one point Adams dropped off a picture and  
said, “There’s our technology. There’s our clear coat coatings. We have it.”  
Musitano put water on the picture and it dissolved. Musitano then told Adams, “This  
is a scam, this is not real”.  
81 —  
[
346]  
Yaworski then testified that ink also became a part of it. Yaworski  
understood from Adams that they had a Staedtler contract for a specific type of ink  
that would be a gold mine for the company. He understood that Staedtler created  
the ink but that the sole distributor in North America was Majestic.  
[
347]  
Yaworski testified that his Juma shares ended up being put into a company  
called Holdco which is a shareholder of Majestic. Exhibit #106 is a list of Holdco  
shareholders.  
[
348]  
Yaworski was clear that Adams was in charge of Majestic during this time.  
Adams told everybody what to do. Adams was the guy with the chequebook and the  
shares.  
[
349]  
Yaworski testified that in the summer of 2005 things started going wrong.  
So, in December he went back to doing auto body work and then after that he had  
very little to do with Majestic.  
[
350]  
Yaworski testified that he his own company was called Suspendaire  
Systems. He indicated that he was therefore asked by Adams to help in research  
and development. According to Yaworski’s evidence he was asked by Adams to  
develop a spraying machine. He said that Adams told him that it didn’t matter if it  
was operational or not as the purpose was to get SR&ED grant money from the  
government. Yaworski testified that he told people it was a working machine.  
However, even though it looked like it worked it didn’t. Yaworski testified that he had  
lied to the federal government employee but that he had not expected to have to  
meet with this fellow and then he got tossed in to sell it. He indicated it was  
expected that he would do what he had to do in order to get the SR&ED money from  
the government. Yaworski testified that he signed documents indicating that he had  
been paid $30,000 from Adams for this but that was only in order to process the  
false SR&ED claim. Yaworski testified that he was never paid this money by Adams.  
[
351]  
Yaworski also testified that Adams asked him to build a canvas stretching  
82 —  
machine and that he built this machine as well.  
[
352] Yaworski was also shown the Suncastle business plan, which is Exhibit  
89. Yaworski testified that Adams gave him this document. On page 12 of that  
plan it states the following:  
#
The Suncastle Group works closely with a German ink manufacturer to  
develop ink with a better colour gamut, light-fastness and brilliance”.  
[
353]  
Finally, Yaworski testified that he did not get any money back and that he  
was told by Adams that he could not sell his shares for two years. It was only  
Adams who was allowed to sell his shares.  
[
354]  
In cross-examination Yaworski was shown and identified various share  
certificates from Juma. Yaworski identified Exhibit #110 which is a share certificate  
regarding shares in a company called Printing Components. Yaworski explained  
that he had worked for Adams for years and that he was part of the inner group.  
Therefore when Printing Components was started Adams gave Yaworski shares in  
compensation for money that was owed by Adams to Yaworski. Adams told  
Yaworski that when Yaworski sold his shares that Adams would receive half the  
money and also that Yaworski couldn’t sell the shares until he was told to sell them  
by Adams.  
[
355]  
Yaworski testified that in 2008 Adams told him that Printing Components  
was definitely going public within 2 weeks so Yaworski put $20,000 on his credit  
card through Salciccioli’s company. Salciccioli got $5000 of this and Adams got  
$15,000. Yaworski indicated he got 32,000 shares for this. This is the share  
certificate from February 27, 2008 which is Exhibit #110.  
[
356]  
Yaworski conceded that this further share purchase regarding Printing  
Components might have been irrational at the time, but Yaworski said that he was  
just trying to get his money back and that he was better off to stay in the circle.  
Yaworski admitted that he was essentially grasping at straws but all he really wanted  
was his money back so he stayed in the game and tried to get his money back.  
83 —  
[
357]  
Yaworski also admitted that he had signed multiple papers saying that  
Adams had in fact paid him. Yaworski testified that he did this partly because he  
knew that Adams could have forged his signature anyway, but that essentially he did  
it because Adams owed money to him and Adams had said that if he didn’t sign the  
papers then Adams couldn’t collect the money from the government for the SR&ED  
claim. Yaworski said that Adams told him that when Adams collected the money for  
the SR&ED grants that Adams would then pay Yaworski. Yaworski acknowledged  
that this was fraudulent conduct but he participated because he saw it as an  
opportunity to get some of his money back.  
[
358]  
Yaworski also acknowledged that Adams had given his new company  
$8500 to buy ink from Printing Components to show that Printing Components had  
made a sale. Yaworski then indicated that he had kept that money on his lawyer’s  
advice because of how much money was owed to him by Adams.  
[
359]  
Yaworski recognized that making the fake ink sprayer and telling people it  
worked, when it didn’t, was also a fraud. Yaworski was shown Exhibit #94 is the  
SR&ED claim and the ink sprayer is not on it. Yaworski maintained that he was told  
that it went through and that Adams always kept a paper trail so it must be on  
another piece of paper.  
[
360]  
Finally, Yaworski testified that he had built the stretching machine by  
himself and that neither Carlo Toscano, Mario Toscano nor Adams had helped him  
with it and that this invention was not a scam. He was accused of lying about this.  
Yaworski was somewhat vague in terms of what he had done to make this machine.  
He sketched out what he had invented. This is Exhibit #111. Yaworski admitted  
that he didn’t have the original design documents and that he only had rough  
sketches.  
[
361]  
Yaworski was then asked about Daniel Leblanc.  
Yaworski initially  
misidentified him as a person who worked in the building, then changed his  
evidence to indicating he had confused the person named Leblanc with Danny  
84 —  
Chiarelli and that it was Danny Chilleli that was actually the person that worked in  
the building. Yaworski testified that Daniel Leblanc didn’t have anything to do with  
making the stretching machine that LeBlanc had only done some home renovations  
for Adams and Mary Kricfalusi. Yaworski made a comment that Leblanc would not  
have been capable of making this invention. Yaworski was shown Exhibit #162 to  
#168 which is a compilation of documents that were prepared by Daniel Leblanc that  
all have to do with the stretching machine, prototypes, budgets, etc. Yaworski’s only  
explanation for this was that Adams was in charge of paperwork, that he was not  
asked to do paperwork and that Leblanc may have done the paperwork to cover for  
what Yaworski had done regarding the stretching machine. Yaworski was also  
shown Exhibit #91 which indicates that Leblanc got credit for the stretching machine  
when the SR&ED claim was put in. Yaworski maintained that he in fact was the  
person who created the stretching machine and that Leblanc did not have anything  
to do with making the stretching machine.  
[
362]  
It should be noted that the evidence regarding who was responsible for  
developing the stretching machine is very contradictory. Adams and LeBlanc  
maintain that Leblanc was the creator and that there is paperwork to confirm this.  
Yaworski claims to have made the stretching machine by himself. Toscano claims  
that he, his brother and Yaworski made the stretching machine through a joint effort.  
A definitive finding of fact therefore cannot be made. The real issue is how much is  
Yaworski and Toscano’s credibility eroded, if at all, because of this issue.  
The Investors:  
(
[
i)  
John Lynch:  
363]  
Mr. Lynch and his deceased wife, Claudia, are the complainants in Count  
#2. Lynch is a retired police officer. He had been a police officer in Hamilton for 32  
years and a fraud investigator with the WSIB for a further 10 years.  
[
364]  
Lynch knows Steven Bishop as Bishop had been an investment counsellor  
85 —  
for both himself and his wife.  
365] Lynch testified that he met with Bishop in the summer of 2006 at Lynch’s  
[
house. Bishop was the Lynch’s investment counsellor at the time. Lynch had a  
private conversation with Bishop in which he asked Bishop what he was doing.  
Bishop explained that he was working with a distribution company called Majestic  
and that they had the sole rights to technologies produced by Suncastle. Both  
companies were owned by the accused, Adams. Bishop said the first product was a  
new invention, a solvent-free ink that was water-based. It was described as being a  
new, revolutionary ink and that the chemist working for the accused had discovered  
it. Lynch later found out that the chemist’s name was Noel Shahnazarian. The  
name of the ink was souken ink. Lynch was told that this ink was going to  
revolutionize the printing industry because no one else had it. Bishop advised him  
that the ink had been developed, tested and that the accused owned the patent for  
it. It was ready for production and marketing which was to be done once the money  
was raised in the next six months to a year.  
[
366]  
Lynch indicated that his wife was very interested in this idea and that he  
became more interested as time went by. He indicated that Bishop then arranged  
for himself and his wife to go to Suncastle to meet the accused, Adams. He  
understood from Bishop that Adams owned both Suncastle and Majestic and that  
Majestic was the sole distributor of Suncastle products. Lynch was going to invest in  
both companies and understood that there was a requirement to invest in Suncastle  
if he was going to be investing in Majestic. Both of these companies were located in  
the same building on Mainway in Burlington.  
[
367]  
It should be noted that this requirement of investing in both companies was  
not required of all investors. It appears that Lynch was singled out in that regard and  
it is hard not to conclude that it was because of the magnitude of the investment that  
he and his wife were willing to make.  
[
368]  
Approximately one to two months after his initial talk with Bishop Lynch met  
86 —  
with Adams. This meeting took place in September or early October 2006 at the  
Suncastle/Majestic offices on Mainway. The people present were Lynch, his wife,  
Claudia, Bishop, and Adams.  
[
369]  
Adams invited Lynch up to his boardroom to explain the entire situation to  
him. Adams did the talking. Lynch indicated that Adams explained that his scientist  
had developed and tested the ink, that Adams held the patent offshore due to  
industrial espionage. Adams explained that he needed capital to develop the ink  
and market it. Lynch was clear that Adams had said that his scientist had invented  
the ink at the Mainway location. Lynch indicated that he understood from that  
meeting that production of the ink was being done in the back of the Mainway  
facility. Adams also talked about souken coating which Lynch understood was like a  
varnish and that the companies had contracts with Walmart and Home Depot to sell  
the coating to them. Lynch was also advised about the new filling line that the  
company was developing that could fill numerous cartridges at one time. Lynch  
indicated this was about a 30 to 40 minute discussion.  
[
370]  
It should be noted that if Lynch’s evidence in this regard is believed that it  
provides significant corroboration to Bishop’s evidence on these points. This is  
noteworthy because Bishop has some serious credibility issues that require that if  
Bishop is to be believed on any issue it would only be on the basis of reliable  
corroborative evidence.  
[
371]  
Lynch testified that he would not have invested with Adams if he knew that  
the souken ink in fact was a Staedtler ink. Lynch only invested because he believed  
there was some exclusive ownership to the ink.  
[
372]  
Adams then showed them the production area. Lynch was shown large  
commercial printers with the heating device to dry the ink. He believed he saw four  
of them. He was shown the filling line which he believed was being assembled at  
the time and not completely operational. He commented on the railings at the back  
of the building, indicating they were very nice. Adams responded they were coated  
87 —  
with souken coating and that his scientist had developed it. This was supposedly the  
same scientist who had developed the ink.  
[
373]  
Lynch testified that he also noticed there were very large banners in the  
production area, some six or eight feet tall. One of the posters was of Jennifer  
Anniston. The posters were very clear and vivid. Adams told him “I told you the ink  
is something else” or “I told you it was a fantastic ink.” Lynch understood that these  
posters were printed with souken ink and if he had known they were printed with the  
old ink he would not have invested.  
[
374]  
It was made clear to Lynch that the ink was a new product that had just  
been developed and that no one else had it. Lynch understood this to be a once in  
a lifetime chance and that he was not interested in investing in something that was  
already on the market.  
[
375] Lynch reiterated that he believed that Adams owned both companies as  
Adams told Lynch that he was the majority shareholder in both companies.  
[
376]  
Lynch testified that he and his wife made three investments to these  
companies. His initial investment was made on November 10, 2006. The total  
amount that he and his wife eventually invested was $250,000.  
[
377]  
Lynch testified that he understood the ink to be a new opportunity and from  
his perspective he was investing money in the ink. The cartridge was an  
enhancement to others things being done by the company.  
[
378]  
Lynch testified after he had gotten word that Majestic had gone under and  
that there was no money he met with Adams at his home in Ancaster. Adams had  
told him that he was going to show Lynch documents demonstrating that the  
directors of Majestic had stolen all the money. Lynch testified that all Adams  
showed him was emails from both sides accusing the other but there was no proof  
as to where the money had gone. Adams had also mentioned that civil suits were  
outstanding. Then Adams told Lynch about the plan to have a shareholder meeting  
88 —  
for Majestic and get rid of the board of directors. Lynch indicated that Adams  
explained to him that he was going to get rid of Bishop, Chilleli and Dash from the  
board of directors and get a new board of directors in place that would put Majestic  
into receivership. Then Majestic would be brought back under Adam’s control.  
[
379]  
Adams suggested that Lynch would be a good person to put on the board  
of directors. Lynch initially told Adams that he was not qualified and therefore he  
was not interested.  
[
380]  
It should be noted that this appears to have been a regular ploy utilized by  
Adams when significant shareholders became concerned about their investment on  
his companies. That is, he would assauge their concerns by making them part of the  
company or part of the new venture. Adams gave the Juma shareholders Majestic  
shares, he put Rogers on the board of directors of Printing Components and he did  
this with Lynch.  
[
381]  
Lynch testified that he went to a shareholder meeting on June 7, 2008. He  
said the meeting was really a shouting match between the board of directors at the  
time and the accused and his followers. Chilleli and Dash were voted off and  
Biegerl and a person by the name of McIlveen who were aligned with the accused  
were voted on to the board of directors. According to Lynch after this meeting  
Bishop was not allowed input although Bishop was still on the board of directors. As  
a result there was another board of directors meeting to replace McIlveen who had  
resigned and that’s when Lynch decided to run to legitimize the board of directors  
because although he felt that he was unqualified he felt he was more qualified than  
the other two people who had been elected to the board.  
[
382] Mr. Lynch and his wife, Claudia, did not get any of their investment back.  
They lost the entire $250,000.  
[
383] In cross-examination Lynch agreed that it was Bishop who first approached  
him indicating the company was looking for investors and that it was Bishop who first  
89 —  
said the product was patented and ready for market. Lynch further testified that it  
was Bishop that explained that Adams headed up both Suncastle and Majestic prior  
to the Mainway meeting when Lynch first met Adams.  
[
384]  
Lynch further admitted that Bishop was the first to tell him that the accused  
was a major shareholder but Lynch also subsequently heard this information from  
Adams. Lynch conceded that Bishop had told him a lot of things first but Lynch  
noted that he had meetings with Adams to confirm it the information that Bishop. He  
indicated that Bishop just explained the company to him but it was Adams  
confirmation of that information that had persuaded Lynch to invest and that  
between Bishop and Adams it was Adams voice that was more important to him.  
[
385]  
Lynch conceded that Bishop was known to him for a number of years and  
that he considered Bishop to be a friend. Bishop was his former investment  
counsellor and so he respected his financial opinion and trusted Bishop. Lynch  
testified that he did not blame Bishop for Majestic’s failure and he believed that  
Bishop would not have knowingly mismanaged the company.  
[
386] Lynch testified that he talked about a lot of things with Carlo Fascio  
regarding how the company folded.  
[
387]  
Lynch also testified that he had spoken to Bishop about a number of things  
regarding Majestic because both had been on the board of directors of Majestic. He  
indicated however, that Bishop had not told him that his licence had been  
suspended by the Ontario Securities Commission for charging improper  
management fees. He conceded that he was sometimes given documents to sign  
by Bishop that were blank. Lynch indicated he would not normally do this but he  
had done it in this case because he trusted Bishop.  
[
388]  
Lynch testified that his understanding that Adams had the majority of shares  
of Suncastle and Majestic was told him by both Bishop and by Adams. Lynch  
maintained that Adams claimed that his chemist had invented souken ink and Lynch  
90 —  
was adamant that he was not just repeating what others had told him. When asked  
directly if Adams had spoken only about the printers and the printing process and  
that Adams had said nothing about inventing ink, Lynch was clear that if Adams had  
said that to his lawyer that it was a lie.  
[
389]  
Lynch indicated he did not see any Staedtler ink in drums in the production  
area of the plant. He denied that Adams had said that Noel Shahnazarian was only  
a liaison with Staedtler ink.  
[
390]  
It was suggested to Lynch in cross-examination that his memory was  
affected by his contact with Bishop but he maintained that it wasn’t. He conceded  
that he still sits on the board of directors with Bishop and he thought the board of  
directors should listen to what Bishop had to say. He was very clear that he did not  
want Adams and his cohorts to carry on what he characterized as “this phony  
company and that he wanted to do everything in his power to stop it. Lynch  
conceded as well that he drove Bishop to the trial from St. Catharines, that they go  
to lunch together and in the last year they had spoken a lot about Majestic since  
they were both on the board of directors. However, Lynch testified that they had not  
spoken since Bishop started to give evidence.  
[
391]  
It should be noted that the issue raised in the preceding paragraph graph  
requires close scrutiny since if Lynch is believed his evidence provides strong  
corroboration for Bishop and some of the other investors. Lynch impressed as a  
strong independent witness with a clear recollection of events. There were a few  
minor details where his recollection may be faulty but Lynch was consistent on all of  
the major issues. Collusion, whether advertent or inadvertent, must be considered  
when assessing his evidence but Lynch’s evidence was so clear and so consistent  
that any suggestion of collusion with Bishop did not raise concern such that Lynch’s  
evidence should be given less weight.  
[
392]  
Lynch maintained that Adams had told him that his scientist had invented  
this ink and that Adams needed money to produce it. Lynch testified that Adams  
91 —  
indicated to him that the chemist had invented souken ink in the factory on Mainway.  
At a later point in his evidence Lynch testified that Adams said that the ink was  
going to be produced in South Korea in bulk. Lynch conceded that had not told  
anyone about South Korea before but that was because he had not been asked  
about it. This is an example of a detail that Lynch was clearly uncertain about but it  
appears to be a recollection issue as opposed to a credibility issue. In addition, it is  
minor enough in nature that his reliability in not endangered.  
[
393] Lynch was shown a copy of the business plan which is the same copy as  
Exhibit #4, as well as a PowerPoint presentation which is the same copy as Exhibit  
3. He indicated that he had received these documents from someone at Suncastle  
#
or Majestic but did not know where he got these documents from. Lynch conceded  
that at various pages it seems to talk about a system as opposed to any sort of  
miracle ink. He also conceded that in the team member profile at page 10 there is  
nothing in there that Shahnazarian had invented the ink.  
(
ii)  
Laurene Rogers:  
[
394]  
Laurene Rogers has a business and banking background. She was a  
mortgage development manager for Scotia Bank and RBC, but she has since  
retired.  
[
395]  
Rogers testified that she first met Adams when she was working on a  
residential mortgage for Adams’ son, Chad. Part of this process was to put a  
mortgage on the accused’s personal property in Ancaster. Thomas Brown, the  
lawyer, had referred business to her from time to time and it was Brown who made  
this referral to her.  
[
396]  
In February 2006 Rogers met with Adams in the boardroom at the Majestic  
premises on Mainway in Burlington. The mortgage application was prepared. This  
is Exhibit #55. Exhibit #56 is a letter of employment dated February 9, 2006  
confirming the son, Chad Adams position with Suncastle. There are some unusual  
92 —  
pieces of information on this application for credit and in the letter. These  
documents claim that Chad Adams was making $68,000 in income although he was  
only 23 years of age and he was referred to in the application for credit as the vice  
president of marketing. There was a slight difference in how his position with the  
company was characterized in the letter which is Exhibit #56. However, the  
mortgage was ultimately arranged by Rogers.  
[
397]  
It should be noted that although the above noted information was never  
specifically disproved it is not likely to be true either. It is an example of mistruths  
being utilized to gain an advantage.  
[
398]  
During this same meeting Rogers had a conversation with Adams. Adams  
was very excited about Majestic and he took Rogers on a tour of the building.  
Adams had indicated to Rogers that he had started both companies and Rogers  
believed that Adams was in charge of both companies, that being Majestic and  
Suncastle, but that there were also other people involved in running the companies.  
Regarding Majestic, Adams had said to Rogers, “It’s my company, I started it up.”  
She was told by Adams that Majestic developed ink that was biodegradable and that  
it was the first of its kind. Rogers was also told about a bag that looked like a blood  
bag with a tube which made the cartridges refillable. She was told that all of this  
was biodegradable and so it was environmentally friendly. She was under the  
impression that Adams had created the ink. Adams also indicated to her that some  
of the posters were printed with the new ink called souken ink. Rogers indicated  
that she was lead to believe that the accused had created the ink because of him  
saying it was his company and so on. At one point in her evidence Rogers said:  
Yes, I was led to believeI mean, he, he was the only one there. He said,  
This is our ink”, like, “This is my company”, “This is what I’ve developed”,  
This is what we do here”, you know? So I was under the impression that,  
that he developed it.  
[
399]  
Adams indicated to Rogers that the ink was state of the art and one of a  
kind and that he was going to go to Staedtler and sell the ink to them. Rogers  
described Adams as being “large and in charge”.  
93 —  
[
400]  
Rogers testified that she went back the next day to get the paperwork for  
the mortgage. At that time she was offered an investment opportunity by Adams.  
Rogers said she wanted to speak to her husband and to Tom Brown about it.  
Adams told Rogers that there were research and development people from the  
government that were involved in looking at the company in order to give it a $1  
million grant for research and development. Adams said that he wanted to offer an  
early investment opportunity to Rogers because she had been helpful. Adams said  
that the shares were only sold in $10,000 increments when Rogers asked if she  
could purchase $5,000. Rogers was told the $10,000 increments were because  
these were private shares in a private company. Adams told her that the shares  
were coming from him as there were no more shares in the company.  
[
401]  
Rogers testified that she was told that the ink was the only one of its kind.  
Rogers indicated that if she had known Staedtler had made the ink, it would have  
affected her decision to invest. Similarly, if she knew Staedtler could sell this ink to  
other companies the she would have simply bought Staedtler shares on the stock  
market.  
[
402] Exhibit #57 is the subscription agreement dated February 10, 2006 and  
Exhibit #58 is a cheque for $10,000. This was Rogers initial investment.  
[
403]  
Exhibit #61 is a certificate of accredited investor dated February 10, 2006.  
According to Rogers evidence this is what transpired regarding this document:  
Q. So why did you sign this document?  
A. Herb said I had to. He said that all shareholders have to sign this  
document because the shares aren’t on the stock market yet, so—because  
you’re buying shares of a—like, private, so I’m purchasing them privately  
as opposed to on the stock market, that all investors have to sign this  
and….  
Q. But he told you that because you’re buying shares from a private  
company you have to sign a certificate of accredited investor?  
A. Yes.  
Q. Did you know what a certificatefor that matter, did you know what an  
accredited investor even was?  
A. No, not really, no; I thought, maybe, you know, that you had good credit  
94 —  
and that, I don’t know. I—that, you know, you were a responsible person, I  
guess. I asked him, ‘cause he said, “You have to initial at lines 10 and 11  
on…” — it reads, “page 6” but it’s actually page 2; I don’t know why it’s  
page 5 and 6, but, anyway  “…on page 2 of this particular document.”  
He said I needed to initial 10 and 11, and I told him that I do not have, you  
know, $1,000,000.00, of course, and that my income was very good; it  
wasmy gross income was probably around the $200,000.00 mark or so,  
you know, and that, but my net income certainly isn’t, but he said, “Don’t  
worry about it, it’s just a formality” and that everybody just has to initial  
there.  
[
404]  
It should be noted that this is important evidence because, if true, it links  
Adams directly to the accredited investor documentation and therefore to Adams  
having some knowledge of the Ontario Securities Act requirements regarding  
solicitation of investment from members of the public and the accredited investor  
exemption. It also demonstrates a cavalier disregard by Adams of any semblance of  
complying with the Ontario Securities Act requirements regarding accredited  
investors.  
[
405]  
Rogers attended the shareholder meetings in November 2006, At the  
November 2006 shareholder meeting there were about 40 - 50 shareholders there  
and almost everybody spoke but Adams did most of the speaking. Rogers received  
a business plan at this meeting. She glanced over it but did not read it cover to  
cover as she was too busy. At this meeting the shareholders were told that Majestic  
was going after contracts to sell the ink and cartridges. The ink and the system had  
been perfected and Majestic was pursing Wal-Mart, Home Depot and Staedtler. The  
ultimate goal for the company was to go public. Rogers did not recall that Adams  
had resigned from Majestic’s board of directors at this meeting in November 2006.  
Rogers did say this about her perception regarding Adams even after this meeting in  
November 2006:  
A. I don’t remember him resigning, no, but he always seemed to be, even  
after, like, he seemed to be large and in charge of that company. He  
seemed—like, even if he wasn’t on the board of directors or even if he  
wasn’t president and CEO, it seemed like he was still running the  
company, that people still did what Herb wanted them to do.  
[
406]  
In October 2007 Rogers invested an additional $25,000 by way of a loan  
conversion agreement with Mary Kricfalusi. Rogers testified that Adams had called  
95 —  
her during the time that she was doing a mortgage for Adams’ daughter Bianca.  
Rogers subsequently met with Adams at his house on October 16, 2007. Adams  
indicated that if Rogers wanted to invest in the company now would be the time to  
do it and that she could do the loan conversion with Mary Kricfalusi. Adams told  
Rogers that Mary Kricfalusi needed money and Adams indicated he didn’t need any  
more shares. Adams indicated that Majestic was expected to go public within a  
week to one month and therefore time was of the essence. Adams indicated that  
the stock should open at about $5 a share and go to $30 a share very quickly. The  
promise of the company going public in the near future was a major factor in Rogers’  
decision to invest. In addition, Adams had indicated that he would guarantee the  
loan if there was a problem with it. While this discussion was going on she  
understood Adams made a call to his lawyer in Nevada. After that conversation  
Adams indicated that they were just finalizing the paperwork and that within a week  
or a month at the most the company would be public. Therefore Rogers wrote a  
cheque and made the investment.  
[
407]  
Exhibit #59 is the loan conversion agreement used for Rogers to buy  
shares from Kricfalusi. It was done this way because Adams said that was how it  
was done. Rogers testified that she is somewhat of a risk-adverse person and felt  
pressured that if she did invest at that time that she may not get another opportunity.  
Rogers borrowed money from her line of credit in order to make this $25,000  
investment. Exhibit #60 is a promissory note that is consistent with Exhibit #59.  
[
408]  
With respect to the $25,000 investment Rogers indicated that she  
understood she could convert the shares or call the loan. She called Adams in  
November 2007 when the company hadn’t gone public. Adams indicated to her not  
to worry, and that everything was moving along. Adams said that there was a  
shareholder meeting in December and she’d hear good news then. Rogers asked  
why there was a hold up and Adams indicated that there were some minor problems  
they had to iron out. Rogers attended the shareholder meeting in December 2007.  
There were more people there this time, approximately 100 people. There was an  
96 —  
indication there had been a problem with the cartridge that had been sold to a  
company in Florida. She was told by someone that the inventor had fixed the  
problem and replaced the cartridges for the Florida company. She was also told that  
they were in the process of obtaining contracts with Wal-Mart and Home Depot and  
there was a contract with Staedtler. It was indicated that Majestic would be on the  
stock market in the New Year and again it was indicated that it would go up from $5  
to $30 a share. She indicated that Bishop did a lot of the talking but Mary Kricfalusi  
and Tom Brown were also there.  
[
409]  
25,000 investment. New Years came and went. In March 2008 she asked for a  
meeting with Adams.  
Rogers testified that she made a number of calls to Adams regarding this  
$
[
410]  
On April 25, 2008 Rogers met with Adams. She indicated she told Adams  
that she wanted to call the loan as she needed her money back. Rogers felt that  
she didn’t know what was going on and that she was confused as the doors were  
locked at Majestic. She was getting the “heeby jeebies”. Adams said that he  
couldn’t get the money back today. Adams indicated that her prior documentation  
was stale dated and she would have to do it again. Rogers indicated she didn’t want  
to do it again and Adams indicated, “Don’t be too hasty, things will come together  
and everything will be fine.”  
[
411]  
Rogers was show Exhibit #59, paragraph 4 and clearly confirmed that she  
had never sent the conversion notice as required by that document to convert her  
loan into shares.  
[
412]  
On May 7, 2008 Rogers met Adams again at his home.  
[
413]  
On May 30, 2008 she had another meeting with Adams. Adams had  
indicated to her at one point, “don’t worry, we’re friends, I’ll make sure you get your  
money. At that time there were some further conversations about Majestic and  
there was an indication that Adams was forming a new company called Printing  
97 —  
Components. Adams told Rogers that he would have her money for her for sure by  
the end of August.  
[
414]  
Rogers was shown a document which Exhibit #62 and Exhibit #63 which  
purportedly transfer 25,000 Majestic shares to her. Rogers testified that she had  
never seen these documents.  
[
415]  
On June 12, 2008 there was an emergency shareholder meeting where it  
was disclosed that Majestic was bankrupt, the technologies were bogus, that the  
special ink did not exist, the cartridges didn’t work and that everything was a  
disaster.  
[
416]  
At the June 2008 meeting Adams wanted to vote out the current board of  
directors and take the helm of the company again because of mismanaged funds  
but Adams was not voted back in.  
[
417]  
Rogers indicated that the new company, Printing Components started to be  
discussed in May or June of 2008. Adams said that because he wasn’t voted back  
on at Majestic that he would “just start up this new company and move forward.”  
According to Rogers, Adams said Printing Components was initiated to take over  
Majestic’s technologies and to carry on with the ink and various other technologies  
that Majestic had. Adams asked Rogers if she wanted to be on the board of  
directors of this new company. Adams told Rogers that he could bring the  
technology over, start up the new company and move forward. Rogers understood  
that Adams somehow had the rights or patents to these technologies. She thought  
she could assist if she was on the board of directors of Printing Components so she  
accepted the position but then after a week or two Rogers began to get calls from  
Bishop and realized that there was a lawsuit that was starting and that she could be  
liable. Rogers was scared that she was getting into something she didn’t know  
enough about so she called Adams and asked to be removed from Printing  
Components board of directors. Adams told her that she needed to email his lawyer.  
Rogers did that and was told that she had to present a letter in writing in person to  
98 —  
Adams so she did that as well. Adams refused to accept it. Adams wanted a  
specific wording and therefore took some time for Rogers to finally be removed from  
the board of directors of Printing Components.  
[
418] Rogers did not get any money back from either of these investments. She  
lost the entire $35,000.  
[
[
419]  
420]  
Several points were made in cross-examination.  
The first dealt with Rogers resignation from the board of directors for  
Printing Components. Rogers testified that Bishop had called her and told her she  
might be liable for a lawsuit and that a past client by the name of Julio Ramirez also  
called her when he saw her name on the board of directors. Rogers testified that  
she did not recall anyone else calling her. She was specifically asked if she was  
lying about this and she said, no. Rogers also testified that she did not get any  
harassing phone calls from either Bishop or Fascio. She also indicated that there  
were no threatening telephone calls. Rogers testified that Fascio had called her at  
some point but she did not recall whether it was before or after the June 2008  
meeting.  
[
421]  
Rogers was then asked about a voice recording that she made with the  
accused in June of 2008. In that voice recording, which is Exhibit #64, Rogers says  
that she has been inundated with telephone calls from Fascio, Bishop and Ramirez,  
indicating that unless she resigned there was a potential that she would lose her  
house due to a large lawsuit that was pending, Rogers says in the recording that this  
was causing her health problems and that her husband was considering divorcing  
her. She further says that she was told that her name would be given to the RCMP  
and the Halton Regional Police Service and that she was being investigated.  
Rogers goes on to indicate that she felt her career was on the line because she  
worked for a bank and she felt that she might be suspended without pay. Rogers  
also says on the tape that she was not being coerced to do the tape and she goes  
on to indicate that she had not sworn an affidavit or contacted the RCMP or the  
99 —  
Halton police. Finally, Rogers indicated she had emailed the Ontario Securities  
Commission to indicate that she wanted to be considered as resigned from Printing  
Component’s board of directors.  
[
422]  
Even after Exhibit #64 was played in court Rogers testified that she did not  
recall being inundated with telephone calls. Rogers then testified that Adams had  
said she needed to make this recording with him before he would allow her to resign  
from Printing Components board of directors. Rogers was asked again about if she  
was inundated with phone calls and she testified that she did not recall that but she  
had gotten calls from Bishop and Ramirez. Rogers then testified that if that’s what  
she said on the tape then maybe it did happen. She said that at the time she was  
very afraid of being named in a lawsuit.  
[
423]  
Later in re-examination Rogers agreed that there was a voice in the  
background of Exhibit #64 apparently coaching her. Rogers testified that Adams  
had notes on a page with points and that he was instructing her in terms of what to  
say. Rogers testified that before she came to Adams’ house she didn’t know that  
she was going to have to record a tape and that Adams had said she needed to do  
this recording in order to get off the board of directors of Printing Components.  
Rogers described her recording the tape as a precondition for her being removed  
the board of directors of Printing Components.  
[
424] Secondly, Rogers recalled meeting with Adams at his house on April 25,  
008 but did not really recall what the meeting was about other than her asking for  
2
her money back by calling in the loan. Rogers initially testified that she did not recall  
listening in on a conference call involving Adams, John Dow, Mary Kricfalusi, Steve  
Bishop and Carlo Fascio. Rogers was then shown Exhibit #65, which is a letter  
summarizing what took place in a conference call on April 25, 2008. When Rogers  
was shown the letter she said that she now recalled this conference call identified  
her signature. There are a number of points made in the letter which are critical of  
Bishop and supportive of Adams. Rogers responded on a number of occasions by  
indicating that she did not recall what she meant when she wrote some of the things  
100 —  
in the letter other than that Bishop and Fascio were fighting with the accused and  
Mary Kricfalusi. She admitted that she had only a vague recollection of the  
information contained in Exhibit #65. It was put to her that it would be unusual that  
she only had a vague recollection considering the significant amount of money she  
had invested in the company. Rogers testified that she was interested in where the  
money and the technologies went but not the infighting and that some of her  
memories were clear and others were not so clear. She didn’t feel the conference  
call was important notwithstanding the letter which is Exhibit #65. Rogers did not  
know who typed this exhibit and did not know what the expression “without  
prejudice” meant on the top of the letter.  
[
425]  
Third, It was pointed out to Rogers that when she signed the subscription  
agreement on February 10, 2006 that it appeared that she was obtaining shares  
directly from Majestic’s treasury as opposed to Adams selling her his personal  
shares. Rogers maintained that Adams had said he was selling her personal shares  
and that she didn’t know why the documentation was made up in the fashion it was.  
Rogers denied that Adams had told her that he was selling her Majestic treasury  
shares as opposed to his own personal shares of Majestic.  
[
426]  
Fourth, Rogers was cross-examined about the fact that she now believed  
that at the December 2007 shareholders’ meeting that the accused spoke. She was  
cross-examined about her testimony on November 7, 2011 at the Ontario Securities  
Act hearing wherein Rogers had testified that she did not recall if Adams spoke at  
the meeting. Rogers explained this contradiction by indicating that after she had  
given evidence at the Ontario Securities Act hearing she had reviewed all of her  
notes in this matter and now believed that Adams had spoken at that meeting.  
[
427]  
Fifth, Rogers didn’t know when Adams resigned from the board of directors  
of Majestic. She did not recall that the accused had resigned at the shareholders’  
meeting in November of 2006 from Majestic’s board of directors. She repeated the  
phrase that she felt that Adams was large and in charge at Majestic even after  
November 2006 as it seemed people did what Adams wanted.  
101 —  
[
428]  
Sixth, Rogers testified that Adams called the ink souken ink and indicated  
they were working on a contract with a large German company. It was later  
announced that the contract was with Staedtler. Rogers was clear that Adams did  
not say that there was a contract to get the ink from Staedtler and if Adams had said  
this she would have invested in Staedtler, not Majestic. Rogers agreed that it made  
sense to buy the ink from Staedtler but she maintained that she had been told that  
they had discovered this special ink therefore they were going to Staedtler to sell it.  
[
429]  
Seventh, Rogers admitted that Adams did not explicitly say who invented  
the ink but she was under the assumption that it was Majestic because of the way  
Adams referred to the ink “being developed” by them. She indicated that she had  
been lead to believe that the ink and the cartridge had been “developed” there.  
[
430]  
Finally, it was suggested to Rogers that at the first meeting with Adams in  
February 2006 that Adams had said that they had a contract with Staedtler for this  
biodegradable ink. Rogers was adamant that that was not correct and that Adams  
had told her that the government was there at the time for a research development  
grant with respect to the ink. Rogers testified that she did not recall Adams saying  
anything about buying the ink from Staedtler and if that had been the case she  
would have just invested in Staedtler. It was put directly to her that she was told by  
Adams that Suncastle and Staedtler had a contract for Staedtler to sell Suncastle  
ink. Rogers testified that this was not true.  
(
[
iii)  
Harold Elke:  
431]  
Dr. Harold Elke is a dentist who has been practicing in Lethbridge, Alberta  
for over 35 years. He generally used a financial advisor to invest and he has been  
with two brokerages for 20 years.  
[
432]  
006. In 2007 Dr. Elke met with Loman and Steven Bishop at a lounge eatery in  
Lethbridge. Bishop said he had an interesting product in a Toronto suburb that  
Dr. Elke came to know about Majestic through Kevin Loman in the fall of  
2
102 —  
would change the outlook of printing in North America. Dr. Elke was aware that  
Bishop was the Chief Financial Officer of Majestic.  
[
433]  
Bishop and Loman said that there was a water-based, non-carbon-based  
ink called Souken ink that they developed that would reduce the volatile product that  
comes off common inks. They told Dr. Elke that Majestic had the exclusive rights to  
this ink and a specific printing process that would make it an attractive product, and  
he was given a copy of the Business Plan to review. Dr. Elke also got subsequent  
information that Majestic had exclusive North American rights to marketing the ink.  
Dr. Elke believes he was also told that Majestic had the North American rights to a  
process that was new and water-based. It was a water-based ink that could be  
printed on many different types of surfaces without having to be processed after  
that.  
[
434]  
Bishop told Dr. Elke that there were 300,000 shares available at below  
market valuation, which was $1 per share. Bishop said that an older man wanted to  
sell his shares because daughter died so the shares were available for 66 cents a  
share. Bishop reiterated the strength of the company and that the product was  
unique and this was a good time to invest as the stock would probably go public in  
2007. Dr. Elke discussed it further with Loman over a period of time and Loman  
gave Elke a business plan for Majestic. Dr. Elke invested $96,000 by bank draft  
dated April 1, 2007 payable to Herbert Adams. It was Loman who told Dr. Elke to  
make the draft payable to Herbert Adams. Loman explained to Dr. Elke that he  
would put the shares into a holding company in Barbados.  
[
435]  
Dr. Elke repeatedly asked Loman when the company was going public.  
Loman said that there were delays in going public and after a year of delays, things  
started to implode.  
[
436]  
Dr. Elke never met Adams or spoke to Adams prior to investing or after  
investing. Dr. Elke was always more concerned about turning a profit than in where  
the money went. He cared more about the shares themselves than where they  
103 —  
came from. He did not request that the money specifically go into Majestic’s  
treasury; rather, he simply wanted to purchase the shares at a low prince and turn a  
profit.  
(
[
iv)  
Jeff Hinchey:  
437]  
Hinchey has known and is friends with Rob Biegerl and with another Crown  
witness Bruce Russell. They were high school friends and hung out quite a bit when  
they were younger. Hinchey testified that his friend, Rob Biegerl had come to  
Ottawa and stayed with him at this home. Hinchey said that Biegerl described that  
he was involved with a printing supply company that sold souken ink and refillable  
cartridges. The cartridges were less expensive than the ones currently on the  
market. In addition, the company had a deal to distribute a non-volatile ink in North  
America. Hinchey indicated that he understood that Staedtler was the supplier of  
this ink. Hinchey understood however, that at that point Majestic was the only  
company distributing this ink or at least the first company to bring it to market.  
[
438]  
Hinchey indicated that in his mind the replacement ink cartridge was the  
most attractive idea. Hinchey indicated that he had talked to the accused once over  
the telephone but that he did not know how long he spoke to the accused and he  
didn’t recall the content of the conversation. It was after he spoke to the accused  
that he did decide to invest.  
[
439]  
Exhibit #14 is the loan conversion agreement for $25,000 that he signed.  
He subsequently converted the loan for the purchase of shares at the prompting of  
Rob Biegerl. He made a second agreement which is Exhibit #15 for a further  
$10,000 so it was a total of $35,000 that he invested in Majestic. Hinchey didn’t get  
any of that money back.  
[
440]  
16 before he invested in June 2006. His personal notes are on this business plan.  
Hinchey testified that he spoke to Adams confirming the business plan in general  
He indicated that he was given a copy of the business plan which is Exhibit  
#
104 —  
and the products that were being marketed by Majestic.  
[
441]  
It should be noted that Exhibit # 16 contains a number of significant false  
claims.  
[
442]  
First, it claims that ”Majestic is presently ready to market a complete system  
to convert existing LF printing machines to utilize the environmentally friendly  
products at substantial savings to existing operating systems.” The evidence clearly  
establishes this to be false. The environmentally friendly products were the souken  
ink. Majestic never perfected the process needed to properly use this ink for  
outdoor purposes.  
[
443] Second, the continuous ink delivery system was never perfected by Fascio  
and therefore it was not market ready.  
[
[
[
444]  
445]  
446]  
Third, no souken coating ever existed as claimed in the business plan.  
Fourth, the lack of competition claims in the business plan is also false.  
Hinchey testified that he did not recall anyone speaking of a miraculous ink  
and that he understood that the ink came from Staedtler. He could not recall anyone  
saying that Majestic had invented the ink.  
(
v)  
Gordon Russell:  
[
447]  
Russell is a friend of both Rob Biegerl and Hinchey. Russell testified that  
he received a call from Biegerl who told him “that he was working with a company  
called Majestic Supply Company, and that they were onto some very exciting  
products that they were about to launch into the market and that he thought it was  
an excellent investment opportunity and that I should come out and hear what they  
had to say.”  
[
448] Russell therefore went to the Majestic location on Mainway Drive in  
Burlington in the spring of 2006. He met with Biegerl and Stafford Kelly and later the  
105 —  
accused joined the group. Russell did a walk around the facility and was given a  
general overview of what was taking place there. Russell indicated that he was  
given an overview of how the industry worked and the size of the industry on a  
global basis.  
[
449] Russell was told that most companies used solvent-based inks with VOC’s  
volatile organic compounds) which were potentially unhealthy and required  
(
expensive ventilation and time to dry. Russell was told that the company had  
developed a water-based non-solvent ink which eliminated a number of problems  
including subsequent disposal of the material in a more environmentally friendly  
way. He understood from Biegerl that the company had developed this water-based  
ink.  
[
450]  
Russell was also told that cartridge system was being developed because  
the solvent inks clog the printer heads and required time and maintenance to correct  
and the new system would have a continuous supply of ink.  
[
451]  
When the accused was brought into the meeting he appeared very  
confident, seemed knowledgeable, and was very excited regarding the size of the  
market and the profits available even if they only took a sliver of the market. He  
described the accused as a smooth talker. There was no discussion however at this  
presentation regarding the creation of the ink. He got that impression that the  
posters that were hanging were the creation of new system. He also found out that  
Battlefield graphics had bought into Majestic and that made him more confident that  
it was a viable company. He therefore invested in the company because Biegerl  
was telling him it was a very solid company. He had read the business plan and had  
some nagging feelings but it was really because of the strength of his relationship  
between himself and Biegerl that he ended up investing. He indicated that he  
invested partially on the concept but more on the relationship between himself and  
Biegerl.  
[
452]  
Russell understood that the accused was the mastermind, the guy calling  
106 —  
the shots. He said that it was Adams that had indicated, “this is where we’re  
headed” and it was his vision being implemented. He described Adams as being  
dynamic, focused and directed. It should be noted that this is further evidence  
regarding Adams being the directing mind and will of Majestic.  
[
453]  
Russell initially invested $30,000 at one dollar per share. He confirmed that  
Exhibit #19 is the loan conversion agreement dated March 6, 2006. Exhibit #20 is  
the cheque for $30,000 that he provided. He identified Exhibit #21 as his second  
investment for a further $5,000 for which he received 15,000 shares. He said he  
made the second investment because he had a call from Biegerl that the company  
needed extra cash quickly to set up a room at the Mainway location to demonstrate  
the printer conversion process. He identified Exhibit #22 as the cheque payable to  
Majestic, even though the loan agreement said that he was purchasing Adams’  
shares. Exhibit #23 is a letter dated January 15, 2007 wherein he sent a letter  
giving notice that he wished to convert his investment to shareholdings.  
[
454]  
Exhibit # 24 is a copy of the business plan that Russell was given. The  
hand written notes on it were made by Russell. It should be noted that this business  
plan contains the same false claims noted in Hinchey’s evidence.  
[
455]  
Russell indicated that he understood the research and development on the  
ink was done and was ready to go. He believed that the business plan supported  
that belief.  
[
456]  
Russell further understood that the company had developed the ink and he  
understood that a chemist by the name of Noel Shahnazarian was behind it. He  
was told this by Mr. Biegerl. It should be noted that it defies logic that Biegerl  
communicated essentially the same false information to Russell that Bishop was  
communicating to potential investors unless this information was generally accepted  
within Majestic.  
[
457]  
Russell identified Exhibit # 25 as a document he was shown very early “in  
107 —  
the game.” It was a projected cash flow that may have been attached to the  
business plan. It should be noted that these projections were entirely unrealistic  
given the actual state of affairs at Suncastle/Majestic. To suggest potential revenues  
of over $12,000,000 for Majestic at that time was misleading in the extreme.  
[
458]  
Russell indicated that there had been some discussion during the course of  
these events regarding an exit strategy to do one of the following: 1) operate the  
company, 2) sell to a larger competitor, or 3) make a public offering.  
[
459]  
In cross-examination Russell indicated that he understood that Majestic  
was about a system not just the ink. He never heard the statement, “miraculous” ink  
but understood that it was special as it could apply to various substrates. He did not  
recalling hearing the words directly but he believed that the ink was developed by or  
for Majestic by someone else. He did not recall hearing anyone saying that a  
polymer had been added to the ink. He indicated there was no promise that the  
company would go public and no guarantee regarding the share prices. In his  
statement to police he had indicated that they had said that they had the ink ready to  
go and he was under the impression that their chemist had developed it but did not  
recall anyone specifically saying that to him. He indicated that in the police  
statement he had said the focus with the company shifted from inks to the cartridge.  
He believed they were on the leading edge regarding the ink and that they had a  
one to two year lead time on the development of the ink. He indicated that he  
thought that Majestic had a product that was better than everyone else because the  
accused had said they were ahead of everyone else. In his discussions with  
Biegerl, he was told him that the cartridge needed to be finalized and that’s what  
was holding things up.  
[
460]  
Russell indicated that he met Bishop at the November 2006 shareholder  
meeting. Russell indicated he recalled Adams resigning and he was told that it was  
because of health reasons.  
[
461]  
He also met Fascio who he described as the cartridge guy. He also  
108 —  
th  
attended the December 7 shareholder meeting and recalled Fascio talking about  
finding an error in the design of the first cartridge and he was glad that they found it  
out before it had gone to market as it would cause problems with the printer heads.  
[
462]  
At the June 2008 shareholder meeting, which was after the collapse of  
Majestic, Russell indicated that there appeared to be two camps, one supporting  
Bishop and one supporting Adams. He indicated that there was a huge fight that  
took place at that shareholders meeting. He indicated that at that meeting people  
wanted to know where the money went if the company was bankrupt. He indicated  
that he was told that the assets had been stolen or confiscated by Fascio according  
to Mr. Biegerl. He described it as a heated and wild meeting that went back and  
forth so that it was hard to keep up. There were lots of accusations from both sides  
and the meeting was disjointed and mismanaged.  
(
vi)  
Douglas Paul:  
[
463]  
Douglas Paul is an engineer who owns a software design and development  
company. Paul has no prior criminal record.  
[
464] Paul testified that he became involved with Suncastle and Majestic through  
Bishop who was his investment advisor at the time. He indicated that Bishop told  
him that he thought that these companies were an excellent opportunity as they had  
great potential. Bishop described these companies as start-up companies regarding  
large-format printing. The new discovery was “souken” ink.  
[
465]  
Paul testified that he and his wife, Anne, met with Bishop. There were a  
number of technologies discussed such as coatings, the media and refillable  
cartridges. However, it was the new souken ink which was a water-based ink that  
was based on green technology that had the properties of solvent inks that would  
revolutionize the industry. Bishop encouraged Mr. Paul and his wife to go to the  
Mainway plant location.  
[
466]  
According to Paul, Bishop indicated to them that a chemist, Noel  
109 —  
Shahnazarian, who was supposedly Adams or Suncastle’s chemist, who had  
developed this souken ink in conjunction with Staedtler. Paul was led to believe that  
Noel Shahnazarian had discovered the ink and was working with Staedtler.  
[
467]  
Therefore, in the fall of 2006 he and his wife visited the Mainway location.  
Adams took them on a tour of the facility. At a previous meeting, Bishop had  
provided them with Majestic’s business plan and they had that business plan when  
they met with Adams. Bishop was not present. It was Adams, Paul and Paul’s wife.  
At this meeting they essentially went over what Bishop had said to them and Adams  
confirmed it. The purpose of the meeting from Paul’s perspective was to go over  
what Bishop had told them about these companies but they wanted to do this  
independently of Bishop to confirm what he had told them.  
[
468]  
During this meeting they talked about the ink. This was souken ink that  
was the revolutionary part of the process and Paul described it as the “big  
technology”. Adams told them that the ink was Suncastle property. The witness did  
not recall if they were told that Noel Shahnazarian had created it or if he had created  
it with Staedtler. The key for the Paul’s was that Suncastle owned this ink  
technology and that was what was of value to them. Paul testified that he  
understood Suncastle was the company that had this ink at the time and that it was  
being perfected at the time. The Pauls’ were told by Adams that he believed that  
they had a lead on all the other companies and could exploit that. Paul indicated  
that it did not matter to him who, in fact, had created it. The key was who owned it.  
Paul was clear that if he knew that Staedtler could sell this ink to others that it would  
have affected whether or not he chose to invest in these companies.  
[
469]  
Paul testified that Adams discussed other technologies during this meeting,  
but that the ink was the key thing. He understood that the other technologies were  
not dependent on the ink and that they had value, but the real value of the  
investment was with respect to this revolutionary ink. Paul understood that the other  
technologies, while potential revenue streams, were not the leading edge  
technologies, like the souken ink was and, therefore, did not compare revenue wise.  
110 —  
[
470]  
Paul understood that the plan was always for Majestic to go public. He did  
not know if this was told to him by Adams or by Bishop or by both. He understood  
the timeline to go public was within a year, although he did not recall the specific  
timeline.  
[
471]  
Paul noted that during the tour of the facility in the warehouse portion of the  
building that there was some ink filling machines, ink cartridges on the shelves and  
that it had the appearance of an ongoing business that was producing something.  
There was what he described as a clean room that had large format printers in it  
which he understood was perfecting the souken ink technology. Paul testified that  
he was also shown the continuous ink delivery system. Paul testified that he  
understood the ink was 95 per cent there and that they were just working out the  
final details on it, i.e. the scratch test and the durability tests. He understood that it  
was a matter of fine tuning the formula for the ink but that they were essentially  
there and that they were doing this fine tuning right on the premises.  
[
472]  
Paul acknowledged that either Bishop or Adams gave him the PowerPoint  
presentation which was ultimately made Exhibit #38. He also indicated that Bishop  
had provided a business plan to him and that he had reviewed the business plan  
both with Bishop and with Adams. Paul indicated that the notes on the business  
plan, Exhibit #39, meant that Staedtler and the chemist had developed this ink and  
he believed that Korea was where the refillable cartridges were being produced. At  
one point he stated:  
A. I believe what that means is the water-based inks—there’s also a  
reference to Staedtler up there, so we were told that Staedtler’s a German  
company and these guys were the ones who, in conjunction with Herb’s  
chemist, perfected this water-based ink.  
[
473]  
He indicated that he clearly did not understand that Staedtler had sold the  
ink to Suncastle and Suncastle had merely re-labelled it. He was also not aware  
that Staedtler had sold the same ink to a company in Vancouver and that, if he had  
known that, it would have affected whether or not he invested.  
111 —  
[
474] Paul did not recall all of the details regarding souken coating, but  
understood that Suncastle owned that technology as well.  
[
475]  
Bishop told the Pauls’ that they could invest any amount they wanted in  
Majestic, but if they were going to invest in Suncastle it was a minimum of $100,000  
to invest and that they would have to invest another minimum $100,000 in Majestic.  
It should be noted that the Pauls were clearly mislead in this regard by Bishop.  
Paul testified that he was not aware that Suncastle shares had been sold in smaller  
lots.  
[
476]  
It should also be noted that Paul’s evidence is important in its own right but  
it is also corroborative of much of the other evidence heard at this trial regarding  
misrepresentations made by Adams himself or made through Bishop.  
[
477]  
Paul indicated that he attended a Suncastle shareholder meeting and that  
only had six, seven or eight people present. He described it as a poorly run  
meeting, with no audits, no disclosure and with nothing being put up for discussion.  
Paul testified that Adams had an agenda and essentially everything passed.  
[
478]  
The Pauls’ believed that the real value was in Suncastle because Suncastle  
owned the technology. That is why they were more interested in the Suncastle  
investment. They understood that Suncastle owned the technology and Majestic  
had the first right of refusal regarding Suncastle’s products. They understood that  
Adams was at the helm of Suncastle and they believed that Adams was an advisor  
to Majestic.  
[
479]  
The Pauls’ invested $200,000. This is confirmed by Exhibits #40, #41, #42  
and #45. They were presented with Exhibit #43 and #44, which would have  
converted the Suncastle shares to Majestic shares but he indicated they had no  
intention of signing either of those documents. Exhibit #41 is a copy of two separate  
cheques both dated October 27, 2006, and payable to Herbert Adams and to  
Majestic Supply Company respectively, in the amount of $100,000 each that were  
112 —  
used to pay for this investment. The Pauls’ lost all of their money.  
[
480] Exhibit #46 is an accredited investor certificate which they initialled and  
signed, but Paul testified that they just initialled it where Bishop had told them to.  
[
481] In cross-examination Paul said that he did not recall Adams pressing him to  
sign the documents which are Exhibit # 43 and # 44.  
[
482]  
Paul testified that Bishop had sold them insurance as part of an investment  
portfolio sometime between 2004 and 2006. Paul testified that Bishop did not tell  
them that he had been sanctioned by the Ontario Securities Commission and had  
his licence suspended.  
[
483]  
Paul testified that his company was called Bindery Solutions Inc., and that  
he had been asked to do work for Majestic to develop a system to manage  
production and inventory of product. He had spent some time consulting and  
investigating with respect to this issue and then ultimately told Majestic that it was  
not feasible for them to have a custom system and that it was better for them to  
have what he described as a “canned” system which was something they could  
essentially buy off the shelf and which was most cost feasible for them.  
[
484]  
Paul indicated that while he was consulting with them on this process he  
noted that there were some ink cartridges and printers and rolls of paper in the  
warehouse portion, but did not see ongoing production of printing material. He  
understood that the company was in the business of supplying the printing industry  
but not doing the printing itself.  
[
485]  
Paul was then shown Exhibit 39 which is the Majestic Business Plan. He  
indicated that he was aware Staedtler was involved in the ink but that he understood  
that Staedtler, in conjunction with Suncastle’s chemist, had developed this ink and  
that that’s what he had been led to believe by Adams. He did not recall the exact  
words Adams used, but Adams had talked about his chemist who had this wonderful  
technology, that he was working on producing the ink and perfecting the technology.  
113 —  
He indicated, however, that Adams never claimed that he personally had invented  
the ink. Paul understood that it was a joint effort between Noel Shahnazarian and  
Staedtler to produce this ink. He confirmed that Adams never said that they were  
making the ink on the site.  
[
486]  
Paul testified that Adams never claimed that they had invented the ink  
cartridge, but claimed that Suncastle was involved in the technology regarding the  
filling process. He indicated that his discussion with both Bishop and Adams was  
not just about the ink, but was also about the large-format printing business as a  
whole. He believed that the room with printers in it was for the testing of the ink. He  
indicated further that a heating system on the printers was discussed and he  
understood that was to cure the ink.  
[
487]  
In summary, Paul indicated that there had been a discussion regarding  
creating the ink with Staedtler. There had been a discussion of the cartridge being  
produced in Korea. There was a discussion the heaters on the printers. He also  
indicated that he understood that they were working on a system that was to run the  
printer without changing the cartridge and that that had been discussed with him by  
Adams. Paul indicated that Adams told him that there were technologies that they  
were involved in in the large format printing industry, but Paul understood that the  
production of the ink was the main product. He further understood that they were  
doing trial runs to see if they could perfect the product. He indicated that he did not  
recall the exact words, but the context was that souken ink was the driving value in  
the whole company. Souken ink was not perfected, but they were very close to it  
being ready for market. He believed that the ink required perfection. He conceded  
that he was not told that the company was only selling ink.  
[
488]  
Paul did not see the agreements that Suncastle had with Staedtler and did  
not know the involvement that Noel Shahnazarian had with Staedtler. He did not  
recall seeing anything from Staedtler, although he conceded it was possible. He  
was shown Exhibit #38 which is the PowerPoint presentation. He was clear that  
because of what they were told he was sold on the idea of the ink being  
114 —  
revolutionary and that it was going to revolutionize the print industry.  
489] Paul testified that on the first tour given by Adams, Adams had talked about  
[
other things going on. They had different technologies that they were working on,  
but he felt that they were not related to the souken ink and he believed that all these  
products were essentially stand-alone products. He indicated that he did not  
understand that souken ink needed to be coated or had to be part of the continuous  
filling process. He further indicated that Adams, by implication, indicated that  
souken ink could be delivered outside the system. He indicated that Adams never  
indicated that the ink could only work as part of a system that included these three  
things.  
[
490]  
Paul testified that he understood souken ink had to do with large-format  
printers and that there was a distinction in large-format printing between water-  
based and solvent-based inks. He indicated he understood that the souken ink was  
a replacement ink for solvent-based inks. He indicated that it was possible that  
some modifications had to be made to a solvent-based printer in order to use the  
souken ink and it is possible that Adams spoke to him about these modifications.  
He indicated the focus of the discussion was that the company had a replacement  
for solvent-based inks with good environmental qualities and how the ink was to be  
delivered was not the major focus.  
[
491]  
Paul was questioned about his contact with Bishop. He indicated that  
Bishop had questioned him at the Ontario Securities Commission hearing on his  
own behalf and that any conversation he had with Bishop was about whether or not  
there was any chance or hope to recover any of the money that was put out. At one  
point Bishop asked him for money to pursue some legal grounds, but he did not give  
him any money for that. He indicated that the name John Lynch sounded familiar to  
him, but he did not recall ever meeting him.  
(
vii)  
Glenn Boles:  
115 —  
[
492] Glenn Boles is a former purchasing agent who is now a coach with Softball  
Canada. He has no previous criminal record.  
[
493]  
Boles testified that Bishop was a friend of his and that Bishop approached  
him about investing in Majestic. Boles indicated that he has never met the accused,  
Adams, and that he dealt only with Bishop. He indicated that Bishop explained to  
him that he was aware of a company that had environmentally friendly ink, and that  
this was a new product that was water-based as opposed to solvent-based. The  
company also had a continuous application process that was also a new technology.  
[
494]  
Boles never attended at the Mainway location but he received documents  
from Majestic and understood that they were looking for an investment to get the  
product to market. He believed that a chemist with the company had invented the  
ink and that it was a revolutionary product. He understood that Suncastle owned the  
ink and that Majestic was the sales division.  
[
495]  
Boles further understood that the company was the only company that had  
the ink. Bishop gave Boles Exhibit #47, which is the same as Exhibit #3, which is  
the PowerPoint presentation from Majestic. Boles believed that this document was  
consistent with what he had been told by Bishop.  
[
496]  
Boles testified that if he had been told that they had not invented the ink, he  
would not have invested. He said that the whole point was that this was new in the  
North American market, in that it was a water-based product and, therefore, the  
industry would want it.  
[
497]  
Bishop also gave Boles a business plan. This is Exhibit #48. Boles  
believed that it was a good product with a big upside. He understood that Adams  
owned Suncastle and that Suncastle did all the research and development for the  
products.  
[
498]  
Boles testified that he made two separate share purchases. The first was  
nd  
by Exhibit #49, which is a loan agreement dated September 2 , 2006 for $25,000.  
116 —  
Exhibit #50 is the cheque that he wrote for that. The second purchase is detailed in  
Exhibits #51 and #52 for an additional $20,000 investment made in February, 2007.  
[
499]  
Exhibit #53 and #54 are two separate accredited investor forms. It was  
clear that Boles did not know what he was signing and that it was just a signature  
required as part and parcel of the investment. Boles testified that he signed where  
Bishop had directed him.  
[
[
500]  
501]  
Boles was clearly an investor in this company because he trusted Bishop.  
Boles testified that he had known Bishop for 25 years, and that if Bishop  
was sold on this idea then it sounded like a good investment to him. Boles was not  
aware that by February of 2007 Adams was no longer on the Board of Directors of  
Majestic.  
(
[
viii)  
Reginald Rudko:  
502]  
Reginald Rudko is a farmer. He has been educated as a steam engineer  
and chemical technologist.  
[
503] Rudko became interested in investing in Majestic through his financial  
advisor, Kevin Loman. Loman worked at Essen Capital. On April 8, 2007 Loman  
told Rudko that Majestic had a patent for a new ink which was environmentally  
friendly and which would be well received in the industry. There was potential for a  
very good return. Rudko understood that the ink was ready to go to market.  
[
504]  
Rudko therefore flew to Toronto with Mark Bilocerkowec. Rudko testified  
that Bishop met them at the airport and took them to the Majestic building in  
Burlington. At this location they met Adams and several other people who were  
working in the building.  
[
505]  
Rudko testified that he understood that Adams was the inventor of the ink.  
He indicated that it was Adams who told them that. Rudko indicated that both  
Adams and Bishop had taken them on a tour. People were seen refilling cartridges  
117 —  
and running the printing presses.  
506] Rudko testified that Adams said the company had cleared $13.6 million the  
[
year before. Adams also told them that with the new ink and the cartridge for which  
Majestic also had a patent, that the company would be much more profitable the  
following year. Rudko testified that both Bishop and Adams had shown them an  
overhead with financial statements regarding sales totalling the $13.6 million profit.  
[
507]  
Rudko indicated that he was never told that the ink needed other  
components in order to work properly and that he understood that the ink was ready  
to use and was being well received in the industry. Rudko testified that Adams had  
told him that it was souken ink being used in the printing that was going on and that  
the ink was something that could be sealed for durability in outdoor conditions.  
[
508]  
Rudko testified that he was also told that Majestic had a patent for the  
refillable cartridge but the ink sounded like the most important or wondrous idea.  
The cartridge was just an added value as the ink was supposed to be one of a kind.  
Rudko testified that if he had known that Staedtler was supplying this ink that it  
would have had a major effect on his decision as to whether or not to invest. He  
testified that there was no reason to invest in Majestic if he had known Staedtler was  
selling ink to other companies as well.  
[
509]  
Rudko testified that he invested $100,000 in Majestic shares at $1 per  
share. Exhibits #97, #98, #99 are the share agreement, bank draft for $100,000,  
and his shares certificate respectively.  
[
510]  
Rudko testified that the reason he was told for Majestic needing the  
investment money was that the company did not want to go to the bank for money  
but instead they wanted to capitalize the company privately so that it would be  
easier to go public when the time came. It was indicated to Rudko that the company  
was raising money to pay off company debt from research and development and  
since Adams was the owner and developer of the ink the money had to go to pay  
118 —  
Adams.  
511]  
[
Rudko thought the money was going to Majestic and then at the last minute  
he was told it was going to Suncastle. He was concerned about this and made an  
inquiry to the Ontario Securities Commission. However, he was told by the Ontario  
Securities Commission that there were no red flags on Majestic at that time.  
[
512]  
Rudko testified that he also asked for a patent number for souken ink and  
was told by Adams that the patent was being held up at the patent office. The fact  
that he had been told that there was a patent and then was told that the patent was  
being held also caused him some concern. However, he does not recall what the  
final word was on that issue.  
[
513]  
Rudko also indicated that he was not aware that shares had been issued  
for much less than $1 a share. It was also indicated to him that they wanted a  
minimum investment of $100,000 and it was Adams that said that. He did not think  
that others were investing less and he would have invested less had he known that.  
[
514]  
Adams also said to Rudko that the company was going to go public and  
when it did it would be worth three to five times as much as it was then and possibly  
much more than that.  
[
515]  
Rudko did not get any of his money back.  
[
516]  
In cross-examination Rudko indicated that Loman told him Majestic had  
patents to both souken ink as well as a patent for the refillable cartridge. In addition,  
Loman also told him that there was a $100,000 minimum investment required.  
[
517]  
Rudko testified that he had previously invested with Loman regarding a  
company called Sabourin. He put $200,000 in Sabourin and it had also come apart  
at around the same time. Rudko noted that Loman got in trouble with the Alberta  
Securities Commission for his role in Sabourin.  
[
518]  
When Rudko came to Toronto to check out Majestic he was met at the  
119 —  
airport by Bishop. He had met Bishop once before but only in passing. Rudko  
indicated that on the way from the airport to Majestic’s offices in Burlington Bishop  
provided a broad overview of the company but indicated it was best to wait until they  
were at the facility and see for themselves.  
[
519]  
Rudko testified that it was Loman and Bishop that first brought up the idea  
of the company having patents for these products and both spoke of it as a good  
investment opportunity.  
[
520]  
Rudko testified that he and Bilocerkowec had dinner with Bishop and that  
the conversation about Majestic continued. Rudko indicated he had wanted to know  
if there were commissions for sales of the shares as, in his view, this often impacts  
whether it’s a good investment or not. Bishop told him that Loman was getting a  
commission but Bishop skirted around the issue of whether or not he was getting a  
commission. It should be noted that this is another point that undermines Bishop’s  
credibility on several issues. Rudko indicated that it wouldn’t surprise him to know  
that Bishop had a commission agreement because Bishop never gave him a clear  
straight answer as to whether or not he was getting a commission for the sale of  
shares.  
[
521]  
Rudko testified that he remained in contact with Bishop afterwards. Bishop  
gave him updates regarding the company and Bishop often sent him long emails.  
There was an email that was made Exhibit #100 which is an email from Bishop to  
this witness dated January 30, 2008. The email makes some reference to the  
company going public and that it was a company called Printing Components that  
Bishop said was interested in taking over Majestic. He also recalled the name of the  
engineer that’s mentioned in the letter as being Carlo Fascio. Rudko testified that  
he understood that Majestic already had these patents at the initial meeting he had  
with them and that seemed to be contradicted in the email from Bishop. He also  
understood from Bishop that Fascio’s work on the cartridge belonged to Majestic  
and that filling system was also at Majestic. The witness indicated that he was  
never told that all Suncastle had was the exclusive right to sell souken ink. He was  
120 —  
clear that he understood that Majestic had the patent to souken ink.  
522] This email contains a number of false statements. The cartridge was never  
[
completed at all let alone in a week’s time from this email. No international patents  
were ever filed. The filling system was also never completed. This email also  
demonstrates that Bishop was aware of at least some of the Ontario Securities  
Commission requirements and was now using them to appease Rudko concerning  
his inquiries regarding the state of affairs at Majestic. It should be noted that this  
also undermines Bishop’s credibility and has to be considered in assessing his  
credibility.  
[
523]  
Rudko indicated that he also received information from John Lynch, who  
was an investor in Majestic. He agreed that Lynch seemed to be on the same page  
as Fascio and Bishop and that neither of them had good things to say about Adams.  
He also indicated that he received a letter from Fascio and it appeared that Fascio  
was going to take over what Majestic had been doing. Rudko indicated that he was  
eventually told that Adams did not have a patent for souken ink and that it was  
owned by Staedtler. He indicated that it was his understanding from day one that  
Majestic owned the patent and that he understood this because he was told this  
information by Loman, Bishop and from Adams.  
[
524]  
Rudko testified that Mark Bilocerkowec and he were initially with Bishop  
during the tour of Majestic’s facilities and at some point during the tour Adams joined  
them. Rudko testified that Bishop appeared to be the P.R. guy but not an in-depth  
knowledge person. He indicated that after Adams joined them he talked about the  
ink and was showed them around the premises.  
[
525] Rudko also noted that Adams had said that all the large prints on the wall of  
Majestic’s facility were printed in souken ink.  
[
526]  
Rudko testified that during the tour it looked like the facility was a working  
printing house but he never saw where the ink was being made. He said that he  
121 —  
found that odd and so he said he asked that question to Bishop and Adams and they  
said the ink was being made at a different facility. He was not offered a tour of this  
other facility although he had asked to see it. They said it was proprietary and not  
necessary because Majestic had a patent on it. He said he didn’t recall the exact  
words but that was the gist of it.  
[
527] Rudko was adamant again that Adams said that he had invented the ink.  
The name Noel Shahnazarian did not sound familiar to him.  
[
528]  
After the tour was completed, they all attended at the boardroom for an  
information session. He said there was an overhead presentation including financial  
statements. His understanding of those statements was that the company had  
made a profit of $13.6 million. He denied that this presentation was about projected  
income only. Rudko was asked if he thought it was odd that they required  
investment if they were making this kind of profit. He indicated that he had asked  
why they hadn’t gone to the bank and they responded to him that they didn’t want to  
get the banks involved because it would be easier to go public.  
[
529]  
Rudko understood that Suncastle owned the patent on souken ink and the  
money was going to Adams rather than Majestic in order to pay Adams for his  
research and development regarding the ink. He indicated that both Bishop and  
Adams had said this.  
[
530]  
When it was suggested to Rudko that he was told by Adams that Majestic  
had exclusive distribution rights to the ink and did not invent it, he indicated that  
wasn’t correct. He understood Adams had a patent. When he was asked if  
Majestic’s business was to help convert other companies, he said that was part of it  
but the selling feature for him was the patent on the souken ink.  
[
531]  
Rudko testified that he has known Mark Bilocerkowec for a long time and  
that they live close by to each other. Rudko testified that he has talked to  
Bilocerkowec a few times about the two of them losing money. He also said that he  
122 —  
tries to leave it alone or it chews him up and he does what he can to push his  
memories away.  
(
ix)  
Mark Bilocerkowec:  
[
532]  
Mark Bilocerkowec is a grain farmer in Alberta. He also invested in  
Majestic through Kevin Loman who works with Essen Capital. Bilocerkowec was  
told by Loman that Majestic was an ink company that had patents for the ink and the  
refillable cartridge and that it was a lucrative investment. He was also told by  
Loman that the company was going public soon and that there was money to be  
made.  
[
533]  
Bilocerkowec testified that Loman told him and Rudko to go to Toronto to  
check it out. So Bilocerkowec and Rudko went to Toronto. They were met at the  
airport by Bishop and taken to Majestic’s premises in Burlington. They had a tour of  
the facility. Initially Bilocerkowec testified that Bishop had showed them around and  
that Adams had then taken over and showed them the business.  
[
534]  
Bilocerkowec testified that he understood that Majestic had patents on  
souken ink, which was a water-based environmentally friendly ink, which no one  
else had. He indicated that as far as he knew, it was Majestic who had developed  
the ink. He indicated that Adams had said that they had a patent on the ink. Later  
on, when he was investing, he was told to send money to Suncastle instead of  
Majestic to pay off Adams who had invented the ink. The company would be debt  
free if they paid off Adams for the development of the ink.  
[
535]  
Bilocerkowec recalled that Rudko asked to see the patent for the ink and  
they were told by Adams that it was held up in the customs office. He did not know  
why a patent would be in customs.  
[
536]  
Bilocerkowec also understood that Majestic had invented the refilling  
system for the cartridges and that he was told by Adams that they had patents on  
the ink and the refillable cartridges.  
123 —  
[
537] Bilocerkowec was also told by Adams that the prints on the walls at  
Majestic were printed in souken ink.  
[
538]  
Bilocerkowec testified that there was also a presentation that day involving  
overheads. He testified that they were told that the company had made $13.6  
million and with the new contracts it was projected to go to $23 million.  
[
539]  
Bilocerkowec testified that about a year after he invested he found out that  
Staedtler actually made the ink. That information would have affected his decision  
to invest. He also didn’t know that Staedtler could sell the ink to other companies  
and that also would have affected his investment decision. Finally, he testified that  
that Adams led them to believe that the ink was ready to go and if he had known that  
the process hadn’t been perfected that would have affected his investment decision  
as well.  
[
540]  
Bilocerkowec invested $100,000 by way of share purchase agreement. He  
was told that there was a minimum investment of $100,000 by Kevin Loman.  
Exhibits #101 and #102 confirm that investment. He lost his entire investment.  
[
541]  
Bilocerkowec understood that money was required to raise capital so that  
the company could be debt free and that it would be easier to go public if there was  
no debt in the company. Bilocerkowec testified that during the presentation at  
Majestic Adams had said they anticipated that the company would go public or be  
sold and that the company would be worth two to five times more money than it was  
presently worth.  
[
542]  
In cross-examination Bilocerkowec confirmed that he had also invested in  
Sabourin through Kevin Loman. He had invested $250,000 and was aware that  
Loman was in trouble with the Alberta Securities Commission for his role in  
Sabourin.  
[
543]  
Bilocerkowec testified that it was Loman that first told him about Majestic  
Loman had said that Majestic was an ink company that had developed a water-  
124 —  
based eco-friendly ink and refillable cartridges that no one else had. Loman also  
said that Majestic had patents on these products.  
[
544]  
Bilocerkowec testified that when they went to Toronto Bishop picked them  
up and they talked a little bit on the way to the Majestic premises. Bishop only gave  
them general information regarding the company.  
[
545]  
Bilocerkowec said that there were two parts to their visit. The first was a  
tour of the facility and the second was the information session. During the first part,  
the tour, it was just Bishop, himself and Rudko. He said that he believed that Bishop  
had talked to them about souken ink, but he was not certain about that. He  
indicated that it was Bishop that took them through where the printing machines  
were and that Adams joined them in the boardroom and not on the tour of the facility  
as he had initially said.  
[
546]  
Bilocerkowec testified that Adams talked about potential contracts and that  
was the brunt of what Adams had talked about. Adams also told them that some  
employees had purchased shares in the company and he talked generally about the  
company’s financial health. According to Bilocerkowec Adams told them that the  
company was worth approximately $22 million and had made $13.6 million that year.  
He understood from the accused that the $13.6 million was from existing contracts  
selling souken ink and the cartridges. Bilocerkowec was asked if the financial  
information they were shown were projections and industry numbers but he  
indicated that was not what he recalled.  
[
547]  
He did not recall Adams saying that he had invented the ink at that time  
during the meeting. His evidence was that it was Loman that told them that Adams  
had invented the ink.  
[
548] Bilocerkowec reiterated that he had been told that the patent was held up in  
the customs office not the patent office.  
[
549]  
According to Bilocerkowec they were told that the company was raising  
125 —  
money so that they wouldn’t have to go to the banks and that it would then be easier  
for the company to go public. He said that he was told that the money was going to  
get rid of Majestic’s debt, although they didn’t specify how much debt it was. He  
indicated that both Bishop and Adams had said this.  
[
550]  
Bilocerkowec testified that he had gone to dinner with Rudko and Bishop  
that evening after the tour of Majestic. He did not recall that Rudko asked Bishop  
about commissions or any discussion about that at all.  
[
551]  
When they were back in Alberta he met with Loman again. Loman said that  
Adams had invented the ink. Bilocerkowec had asked Loman why the cheque was  
being made payable to Suncastle and Loman indicated to him that Suncastle was  
owed the debt by Majestic for the patent on souken ink. Bilocerkowec understood  
that Adams was doing research and development both at Suncastle and Majestic.  
[
552]  
Bilocerkowec testified that Rudko had subsequently told him about emails  
Rudko had received from Bishop. Bilocerkowec understood that Fascio was going  
to take over what Majestic had been doing and that Bishop was supporting Fascio.  
Bilocerkowec further noted that they had received several letters from Adams and  
other letters saying that those initial letters were fraudulent and so he didn’t know  
who was telling the truth and who wasn’t.  
[
553]  
Bilocerkowec didn’t know that Loman and Bishop both had commission  
agreements to sell Majestic shares. When he was asked if all the discussion  
regarding the ink and its creation was from Loman and Bishop Bilocerkowec testified  
that Adams had also told him about the ink and the cartridges. Adams had indicated  
to him that the ink was water-based and eco-friendly and that there was a patent  
which gave Majestic the edge on other companies. Bilocerkowec did not agree with  
the suggestion that Adams had only told him that they had exclusive distribution  
rights to the ink. Bilocerkowec was also asked if he understood the company was  
developing an eco-friendly printing process that would help other companies convert  
to the process and he agreed with that suggestion.  
126 —  
[
554]  
According to Bilocerkowec, Rudko asked where the ink was being  
produced. He testified that Bishop had told Rudko that the ink was being made at  
Suncastle but he didn’t t know if Bishop said where Suncastle was and they did not  
ask to go and see the facility.  
[
555] Bilocerkowec said that the majority of what Adams spoke to him about was  
the arrangements regarding the ink and finances.  
(
[
x)  
Tom Minnett:  
556]  
Tom Minnett is a millwright who worked at Dofasco for 38 years. He is a  
friend of Dennis Brellisford who is the godfather to one of Minnett’s sons. In July,  
006 Minnett had a discussion with Brellisford regarding an investment in Majestic.  
2
Brellisford talked to him about the company and that the company was going to print  
with water-based ink and that as of 2008 there was going to be a restriction on  
solvent-based inks.  
[
[
557]  
558]  
Minnett testified that he understood that Majestic was a printing company.  
Minnett went on a tour of the company on September 29, 2006 with  
Brellisford and Adams. Prior to his tour he viewed the pamphlets which were made  
Exhibit # 83. He was aware as well that Majestic also made a cartridge for the  
printers such that the ink could be replaced in the cartridge without changing the  
cartridges.  
[
559]  
Minnett testified that he understood that Majestic had the rights to print  
with water-based ink. He felt that other people would have to come to Majestic to  
get this ink. He also understood that the ink was ready to go to market. He thought  
it was, “Raring to go”.  
th  
[
560]  
Minnett also had a meeting on September 29 with his daughter, his  
daughter’s boyfriend (now husband) and several other people including his son who  
is a special needs child (was born with no fingers and is blind in one eye) to discuss  
127 —  
investing in Majestic. The son had apparently already invested in Majestic even  
prior to this. Minnett ended up buying shares. He gave Adams a money order for  
$5,000. It was by way of a loan conversion agreement. The money order is Exhibit  
#
75. He indicated that it was Adams’ idea to purchase the shares by way of a loan  
conversion agreement. Adams told him that this was the way it had to go. He was a  
first time investor so this seemed normal.  
[
561]  
Minnett was not sure why the company needed the money, and he thought  
that it may have been for capital. He indicated that he was aware that a German  
company Staedtler was involved. He thought this was a good idea but he thought  
Staedtler was a publishing company. He thought that Majestic had the exclusive  
right to the ink but he didn’t recall who exactly invented the ink.  
[
562]  
Minnett understood that Adams was the president of the company as both  
Brellisford and Adams had said this. That is why he felt it was okay to be buying  
Adams’ stock in Majestic. He understood that Brellisford was on the board of  
directors and that Adams was going step down from the board. He further  
understood that Bishop was going to take over as president and take the company  
public.  
[
563]  
When Minnett was on the tour of Majestic with Adams and Brellisford,  
there were posters on the wall. Adams told him that those posters had been printed  
right there. Minnett assumed that the water-based ink had been used to print the  
posters because that was the product that they had been talking about. Minnett  
testified that he thought Adams had told him it was water-based ink, which was the  
impression he also got about the Wal-Mart products that were being printed in his  
presence. He though it all was being printed in water-based solutions as he thought  
that was what Adams had told them. On this basis Minnett thought that it looked like  
a great product.  
[
564]  
Minnett also testified that Adams told him that they had the exclusive rights  
to the ink and a patent for it. He said both Adams and Brellisford told him this and  
128 —  
that the patent had a lifetime of 5  7 years. He couldn’t remember the exact  
number. He said they also told him they had a patent for the cartridge.  
[
565]  
In cross-examination Minnett conceded that he dealt mostly with Brellisford  
concerning Majestic issues and that it was Brellisford who got him interested in the  
investment. Minnett indicated that he possibly misunderstood that Brellisford said  
that he was on the board of directors. He also indicated that he may have been  
mistaken in believing Staedtler was a publishing company.  
[
566]  
Minnett had testified previously at the Ontario Securities Commission  
hearing on November 11, 2011. Several parts of that transcript were put to him to be  
confirmed.  
[
567] At the Ontario Securities Commission hearing Minnett testified that souken  
ink was a luminous ink manufactured by Staedtler.  
[
568]  
Minnett further admitted that Adams could have spoken to him about other  
After the transcript was put to Minnett he further admitted that he said he  
inks.  
[
569]  
remembered Adams had told him that he ink was not ready and that there was no  
effort to conceal that the inks were made by Staedtler.  
[
570]  
Minnett invested $5,000 and did not get any of it back. At the Ontario  
Securities Commission hearing he had testified that Adams had advised him that he  
did not have the sufficient income to invest in the company. Adams also advised  
him that if Minnett had to borrow money to make the investment that he should not  
invest. Minnett also understood that he could be paid back through the loan  
conversion agreement but that he didn’t request that option as he thought it was a  
good investment. Minnett also indicated that Adams told him to do his due diligence  
before investing and that Adams had never given him a date or guarantee when the  
company was going to go public.  
129 —  
[
571]  
In re-examination he indicated that he thought the ink was ready to go to  
market but this is somewhat a contradiction to what he previously said. He indicated  
that Exhibit # 83, the brochures did nothing to change his belief that the ink was  
100% ready to go.  
[
572] It should be noted that Minnett’s evidence was vague at best. There were a  
number of things that he did not recall and several answers that he changed during  
the course of his evidence. Minnett’s recollection was weak on several issues and  
he seems to have been somewhat selective in his perceptions perhaps because he  
was quite taken with what he believed was a high quality investment. It is important  
to note however that he firmly believed that Majestic had exclusive rights to this new  
ink product, which on the totality of the evidence was clearly not the case.  
4. Expert Evidence:  
(
i)  
Paul De Souza:  
[
573]  
Paul De Souza initially trained in England. In 1974 he became a certified  
chartered accountant. In 1989 De Souza was further qualified in Canada. He  
worked for approximately 15 years with the accounting firm of Coopers, Lybrand  
doing audits and tax work. In 1993 he joined the Ontario Securities Commission  
and he worked there until his retirement in February 2013. When he worked at the  
Ontario Securities Commission he started in the continuous disclosure section  
ultimately becoming the manager of that section. De Souza then worked in the  
enforcement unit. The enforcement unit is involved in the enforcement of all Ontario  
Securities Act regulations including the continuous disclosure obligations and which  
companies must register with the Ontario Securities Commission. Continuous  
disclosure involves companies being required to disclose information to  
shareholders and there are specific requirements in this regard set out in the Ontario  
Securities Act. De Souza was qualified on consent as an expert witness in  
securities regulations and forensic accounting.  
130 —  
[
574]  
De Souza described a security as having a broad definition that  
encompassed stocks, shares, iou’s, and any other internal product or recognition of  
debt to a third party with risks and benefits attached. He indicated that the shares of  
Majestic and Suncastle were clearly securities.  
[
575]  
De Souza testified that a corporation wanting to sell shares must file a  
prospectus with the Ontario Securities Commission. The disclosure required in a  
prospectus is true, full and plain disclosure regarding a security product. The  
prospectus must then be filed with the Ontario Securities Commission. There are  
only certain exceptions to the requirement of filing a prospectus and a company  
must clearly fall within the stipulated categories to avoid the requirement of filing a  
prospectus.  
[
576]  
De Souza testified that a prospectus is a package of information about a  
company. It must contain a significant amount of detail about the company. This  
includes information about the company from the company’s inception until the time  
that it wanted to sell shares to the public, who is involved in the company, the  
business of the company, the history of the company, the company’s products,  
licencing agreements, patents and the financial background of the company. The  
prospectus must include the amount of money hoping to be raised and what those  
proceeds will be used for. The shareholders must be kept fully appraised of what  
the potential investment is.  
[
577]  
De Souza testified that any company debts should be included in the  
prospectus along with the prior history of audited financial statements. He also  
indicated that budgets and forecasts should be vetted by lawyers and accountants  
and that they should be included in the prospectus as well. De Souza testified that  
the gross offerings, salaries and all commission agreements should be identified in  
the prospectus so that the amount of money the company ultimately gets is clearly  
stipulated.  
[
578]  
The purpose of a prospectus is for it to be a full financial document, with all  
131 —  
pertinent disclosure about the company, in order to allow investors to make an  
informed decision as to whether or not to invest in the company.  
[
579]  
De Souza also testified that if a block shareholder, which he described as  
a shareholder owning more than 20 % of a company, wanted to sell their shares that  
that’s also strictly controlled. He further indicated that the public purchasing shares  
should know if shares are coming from the treasury or if they are secondary sales.  
Detailed insider trading requirements are also part of the continuous disclosure.  
And, in most normal circumstances management has limits regarding how they deal  
with their shares. He indicated that these regulations are in place to protect  
investors so that they know the management of the company and they know what  
management’s shareholdings are.  
[
580]  
De Souza testified that a company can file a prospectus electronically and  
that the public has access to a prospectus over the internet. De Souza said that the  
Ontario Securities Commission vets every prospectus. The level of scrutiny of the  
Ontario Securities Commission depends on whether the company is a seasoned  
business or not and that small corporations tend to get more scrutiny whereas large  
banks and corporations who have filed a prospectus in the past aren’t as closely  
scrutinized. De Souza indicated that small companies are “intensely scrutinized”  
because those small companies do not have the same checks and balances in  
place that more established companies might have.  
[
581]  
De Souza defined a distribution as any issuance or sale of a security or  
shares. He indicated that the loan conversion agreements used in this case fall  
squarely within the definition of security and distribution of a security.  
[
582]  
De Souza testified about the exemptions that are available under the  
Ontario Securities Act. De Souza clearly noted that the purpose of the exemptions  
was to protect investors. At page 28 and page 90 of the transcript of October 10,  
2013 De Souza also makes clear that the distributions in this case would not have  
been exempted under the Ontario Securities Act.  
132 —  
[
583]  
De Souza testified that 50 shareholders is one of the triggers that  
necessitates filing a prospectus but that it was not the only trigger and that a number  
of corporations including Majestic, are required to file well before they cross the 50  
threshold. De Souza also noted that a company cannot bypass the 50 requirement  
by having one of the shareholders be a corporation that in turn has a number of  
shareholders in it.  
[
584]  
He was shown Exhibits # 113 and # 114 which is the list of shareholders  
in Majestic on November 16, 2006. He indicated that to the extent that they were  
selling shares to the public Regulation 45.106 required that they file with the Ontario  
Securities Commission. Exhibits # 115, # 116, and # 117 were shown to De Souza.  
Those documents indicate that Suspendaire, Daniel Leblanc and Steve Bishop had  
shares in Majestic that were not listed on the shareholders list which is Exhibit #113.  
[
585]  
It should be noted that this would have clearly put them over the 50 limit.  
The fact that one of the listed shareholders was itself a corporation called Holdco  
which had numerous shareholders would also have put Majestic well over the 50  
shareholder limit. Both of these transparent attempts to avoid the 50 shareholder  
rule lead to the unavoidable inference that Adams and others at Majestic were well  
aware of the requirements of the Ontario Securities Act and were prepared to  
bypass those requirements and so avoid filing a prospectus.  
[
586]  
There is also an accredited investor exemption under the Ontario Securities  
Act. To qualify within this exemption the investor needs to meet certain financial  
criteria in terms of assets and /or income. He also pointed out that the responsibility  
is on the issuing corporation to diligently ensure that the people investing are  
actually accredited investors. In addition, the company and the sales person need to  
be registered with the Ontario Securities Commission. Finally, the company must  
file the accredited investor form with the Ontario Securities Commission after shares  
have been purchased. Majestic never met this exemption is this case as they did  
not do any of the stipulated requirements. It should be noted however that there  
were also transparent attempts to give the impression of some degree of compliance  
133 —  
by directing investors to sign the accredited investor form without any true  
examination of their assets or income.  
[
587]  
De Souza described exactly what was required for a prospectus and that  
Majestic was in no position to file a proper prospectus that would have received  
approval from the Ontario Securities Commission.  
[
588]  
De Souza was shown Exhibit # 118 which is the Majestic cash flow  
projection. He indicated that this document would not be sufficient for a prospectus.  
A prospectus requires full and proper financial statements. He described this  
document as being “scanty”.  
[
589]  
De Souza testified about the exclusivity aspect of any agreements involving  
the ink. He stated that if Suncastle had the rights to certain technology that should  
have been fully disclosed in a prospectus. The relationship between Suncastle and  
Majestic regarding the value of the rights, the period time they had the rights, the  
costs to acquire the rights, and what benefits were expected from the rights should  
also have been detailed. It should have also indicated what Majestic was to pay  
Suncastle to be the exclusive distributor and Majestic’s prospectus should show  
Suncastle’s claim to the ink as that was the only assurance that an investor would  
have that in fact they were investing in a product that could be marketed and sold.  
Usually a prospectus will have a history detailing that they have a product that works  
and an explanation of all business relationships and purpose of those relationships.  
De Souza noted that true, plain and frank disclosure is required. He indicated that  
an investor would certainly want to know if the company had a monopoly on a  
product or not and if the product was available to the public at large. If the product  
was available to the public at large there would be no viable business. In other  
words, in this case, if other companies had access to this ink through Staedtler there  
really wasn’t much of a business.  
[
590] De Souza also reviewed the nature, extent and type of the securities that  
were being issued by Majestic and he indicated that they reflect what’s in the  
134 —  
company’s books and records. He also looked at the movement of securities. He  
explained the difference between primary or treasury sales of shares versus  
secondary sales. He explained that with primary sales the money goes right to the  
company’s treasury while in the case of secondary share sales the money goes to  
the person who owned those shares.  
[
591]  
De Souza described what an arms-length transaction was and that  
Suncastle and Majestic clearly weren’t at arms-length because of a number of  
factors. He indicated that he initially thought that Majestic was the marketing arm to  
sell Suncastle products. He indicated however, that it did not actually happen that  
way. Both companies seemed to be in research and development to find a product  
and De Souza testified that he couldn’t distinguish between the two companies as  
both companies were doing research and development. He explained that  
Suncastle’s books reflected research and development costs even if the costs were  
incurred by Majestic and that Majestic was funding some costs of the research and  
development. Funds were flowing between the two companies and he indicated that  
he looked at the 2006  2007 financial statements which he then corroborated with  
the general ledger. De Souza indicated that he saw research and development of  
ink containers and indications of a heating process to cure the ink, but he did not  
see any product that existed therefore there was no practical distinction between  
Suncastle and Majestic.  
[
592]  
De Souza testified that the controlling mind of a company is the person who  
directs how the company was managed irrespective of title. He noted that this is also  
a fact that should be fully disclosed in any share offering that takes place. From the  
information De Souza reviewed he believed that Adams was the directing mind and  
will of both Majestic and Suncastle. This continued to be the case even after Adams  
resigned from Majestic’s board of directors. He concluded this because Adams had  
an inherent interest in Majestic because Adams was a controlled block shareholder  
of Majestic, Adams was being paid as a consultant by Majestic, and the CFO  
nominated by Adams, which was Bishop, was neither knowledgeable, nor exercising  
135 —  
certain expected controls over Majestic. De Souza stated his conclusion like this at  
page 29 of the transcript of October 22, 2013.  
….so my own conclusion, which is not documented on paper from a  
legal perspective, doesn’t show Mr. Adams as being responsible, but you  
then draw your conclusion, “Well, what’s happening here?” So in my own  
mind I could see Mr. Adams, truthfully, directly the operations, and, again,  
working at the same premises and the shareholdings.  
[
593]  
De Souza testified that the financial statements and general ledger from  
Majestic disclosed where the money came from and how the money flowed out. He  
indicated that money from the secondary sales did not enter the company  
[
594] De Souza was shown Exhibit # 119 which is a schedule he made from a  
review of Majestic’s records. It shows Majestic share capital at the end of 2006,  
007 and March 2008.  
2
[
595]  
Exhibit # 120 details Majestic’s distributions in the relevant time period.  
De Souza testified that Suncastle and Adams made a big profit on the resale of  
Majestic shares. He was shown one entry in particular dated October 6, 2005 where  
it indicates that there had been 8.5 million shares issued but that the company’s  
th  
share capital was only $109, so the value of a share was about 1/1000 of a penny.  
[
596]  
De Souza then noted that regarding companies that have been in the  
research and development stage the founders often get a large number of shares for  
the research and development costs. When the company wants to sell shares to the  
public the founders consolidate their shares so that new shareholders are not what  
as he described as being diluted out. A dilution occurs when there are numerous  
shares and only a small amount of share capital value. In Majestic’s case the  
shareholder buying at $1 per share was totally diluted out. De Souza said this about  
dilution and the necessity of escrow agreements.  
A. Well, a shareholder coming in with 10,000 shares and there’s already  
8
,500,000 or 9,000,000 outstanding, I really don’t stand a chance to reap  
anything out of the company in the future. I’ve paid $10,000.00 for my  
investments before I see any dividends that come out, which is going to be  
136 —  
a proportionate distribution  my 10,000 against 10,000,000  I get  
nothing, so there is no business logic and business sense and any fairness  
in the process. So there’s the—“business logic” best describes that, so it’s,  
it’s not palatable at all from that front. So that’s my observation. And when  
it comes to secondary sales, I want to make sure that management is with  
the company, and if they make secondary sales, my first observation is,  
Are they bailing out?” In which case, if they are the founders and the  
brains of the company, I have no interest in the company if they’re bailing  
out, so, to me, it’s a disadvantage. That’s why a lot of the escrow  
arrangements are in place, to ensure continuity and, I guess, fairness in  
the practice.  
[
597]  
De Souza testified that an accredited investor is relied upon to figure it out  
for themselves. If a member of the public that was an investor was not an  
accredited investor and did not qualify for some other exception they weren’t  
allowed to buy privately held shares. In other words, if a member of the public  
wasn’t accredited and didn’t fit into some other exemption he/she could not  
purchase shares of a private company. In addition Majestic was not in a position to  
be capable of putting together a viable prospectus. Therefore to sell shares they had  
to report to the Ontario Securities Commission and no reporting was done in  
Majestic’s case.  
[
598]  
Exhibit # 122 details secondary sales and transfers in Majestic stock. De  
Souza testified that, with respect to secondary share sales, without proper  
disclosure it’s a matter of “anything goes” and that potential investors would be  
disadvantaged for obvious reasons. For example, buying shares at $1 per share if  
there are already 10 million shares and very little share capital, means that there is  
absolutely no business logic to invest. Plus there should be some sort of incentive  
that management stays with the company as they’re the brains of the company and  
their bailing out is a real red flag for investors. Therefore, there is usually an escrow  
agreement so that the owners need consent prior to any sales of their shares.  
[
599]  
De Souza further indicated that he did not see a business process in place,  
as there were no sales except for modest sales of ink over the 3 year period that he  
viewed the records of these companies. He went on to indicate that Majestic did not  
have a product to sell in the market and therefore ultimately went out of business  
137 —  
due to the significant differential between expenses and revenue. Funds were  
required for operations and therefore shares should have only been sold from the  
treasury because the money from secondary sales did not go to the treasury and  
therefore did not benefit the company.  
[
600] This is how De Souza characterized this activity and why he characterized  
it like he did.  
Q. So is thiswould you go as far as to say that this is an honest or  
dishonest practice to do it, do it this way or is itcan you go that far?  
A. What I can say is that the company doesn’t have a product, and  
management and some of the shareholders are cashing out. To me, that  
is not an honest transaction, or transactions, to take place because the  
objective, the objectivity in all of this and thewhat is understood by all of  
the investors is that they are trying to develop a product, and investors  
coming in and purchasing sales of Majestic, they are simply nottheir  
funds are not going into the company’s operations; they are not going into  
the Majestic treasury.  
Q. So this company, given that secondary sales were done as opposed to  
primary sales, this company is destined doomed?  
A. Well, let’s say, without the funds coming in and the funds are being  
depleted — because in operations of this nature, you’re, you’re—the  
burnout rate is quite high; you’re using the funds, et cetera — so if you  
don’t get monies coming in, that spells, pretty much, the end of the, of the  
business entity, so that would be Majestic, potentially, then going out of  
business because it doesn’t have any funds.  
Q. Because they went elsewhere than into Majestic?  
A. Well, because the funds that are being raised from the public is not to  
meet any business objective, business purpose; it’s a third-party sale that  
doesn’t benefit Majestic at all.  
[
601]  
De Souza was shown Exhibit # 123 which is a resolution from Majestic  
paying a debt to Suncastle of $403,983.19 by paying Suncastle with 577,119 of  
Majestic shares. This document is dated March 1, 2007. He indicated he had  
difficulty with this document because there was no debt outstanding in this amount  
from Majestic to Suncastle. In fact it was a reverse scenario in that Majestic was  
doing a lot of the research and development for Suncastle and there should have  
been a balance in favour of Majestic. Therefore the transaction noted in Exhibit #  
123 should have been cancelled and the shares returned to Majestic when the  
financial statements and the general ledger were drawn up.  
138 —  
[
602]  
De Souza pointed out that Majestic should have been accumulating share  
capital in the treasury in order to be in a position to acquire a viable product if one  
was in fact produced by Suncastle. He indicated that it was unfair scenario because  
of the dilution noted and yet secondary shares were still sold to the public.  
[
603]  
De Souza testified that Suncastle made a profit of approximately $1.5  
million in secondary sales over a period of two years. Adams secondary sales of  
Majestic shares and the profits gained from that are not reflected in the $1.5 million  
made by Suncastle because Adams personal sales are quite distinct from  
Suncastle.  
[
604]  
De Souza clarified that a company could start off as private company and  
then could become a non-private company if shares were sold to members of the  
public but that the phrase going public usually referred to when a company’s  
shares were traded on the stock market. A company transitioned from being a  
private company to a non-private company even if it only sold its shares to one or  
two shareholders. Before a company could do this they had to register with Ontario  
Securities Commission and file a prospectus. A prospectus costs a considerable  
amount of money so the way a number of companies get around the prospectus  
requirement is by meeting one of the exemptions.  
[
605]  
The main exemptions are essentially family and friends and secondly,  
accredited investors. He indicated that if you were selling shares to the public and  
even if it was to only one person a company must fit within the exemption to avoid  
filing a prospectus. If the accredited investor exemption was being utilized the onus  
is on the company to make sure that the person investing is actually an accredited  
investor. However, even if you did fit within the exemption of an accredited investor  
the company would still have to register the securities with the Ontario Securities  
Commission and the dealer selling them would have to be registered as well before  
they can raise capital through the selling of shares using the accredited investor  
exemption. Then the completed accredited investor form must also be filed with the  
Ontario Securities Commission.  
139 —  
[
606]  
In this particular case De Souza testified that Majestic filed no documents at  
all with the Ontario Securities Commission. Therefore, Majestic was not complying  
with the provisions of the Ontario Securities Act when it sold its shares in this case.  
[
607]  
De Souza also described escrow agreements. He said that there are  
detailed rules involved when larger shareholders attempt to sell their shares to the  
public. He indicated that any shareholder that owns more than 20% of a company is  
a controlling shareholder and must file a prospectus to sell their shares or meet one  
of the exemptions.  
[
608]  
De Souza testified as follows regarding the share value of Majestic shares  
and the sale of secondary shares by Adams and Suncastle.  
A. My, my first observation, and if I take it in sort of chronological order…  
Q. Sure.  
A. …is, I, I see Majestic coming into existence some time in — was it  
March 2006 or thereafter, when the company got amalgamated at that  
point in time  my observation at that point in time is that there are no  
assets in the company, the company doesn’t have a business at that point  
in time and it’s just been constituted through the amalgamation, so I’m not  
aware of any soft-costs in terms of any, any patent that already exists or  
any soft-costs that can be exploited in the future  I, I don’t see that; it’s  
st  
not evidence in the books  so at that point in time, in March31 , March  
of 2005 or early April 2006, you have….  
Q. Sorry, you mean March 2006 or early April 2006?  
A. Yes, yes…  
Q. Yeah, you saidokay.  
A. …at the time the company’s amalgamated, when Majestic…  
st  
Q. So April 1 , ’06.  
A.  
…when Majestic comes into existence — okay?  at the  
amalgamation. At that point in time I—it’s not, it’s not readily evident that  
there’s a business in the amalgamated company. There are about  
9
,000,000 outstanding shares in number, in units, but there’s very little  
stated capital, very little stated capital. At that point in time, when the  
company’s raising finance, it’s going to investors raising dollars—raising  
capital at a dollar a share but in a company that is already heavily diluted  
by virtue of the outstanding share capital in terms of units, so thein terms  
of fairness, this is what I see: New shareholders are coming in in a  
company that is very heavily diluted and a company that doesn’t have any  
assets that is evident in the books, so for their $1.00 participation, they are  
heavily diluted; they hold next to nothing at the get-go. Very shortly  
thereafter, the founding shareholders and the initial shareholders that hold  
140 —  
a large percentage of the company’s shares are, concurrently, with  
Majestic trying to raise capital, you’ve got Suncastle and Mr. Adams selling  
their shares of thetheir existing shares of Majestic, in the company.  
What basically happens at this time is those shareholders, or those  
investors coming in, who are buying secondary shares, are basically  
holding worthless shares with very little value and they’re paying, for the  
most part, $1.00 a piece, but that dollar goes to Suncastle or Majestic [sic]  
in large part. So Majestic is not benefiting from new investors coming in, in  
terms of their money, but a controlled block holder is actually bailing out  
concurrently, at the same time, selling out its shares. Normally I would  
have expected to have seen some escrow arrangements in force on two  
fronts: One is actually to consolidate your shares to make sure that dilution  
doesn’t take place to the extent that it does and restricting resale of shares;  
I’ve seen this in the past. And that’s to be fair to shareholders coming in  
because then they have some sort of belief in the credibility of  
management staying in the company and not selling out. So investors  
coming in are picking up shares with very little or no value in the company.  
And what it does, what it does, in essence, is, because Majestic doesn’t  
have any business, Suncastle is getting the money from the new investors  
and Suncastle then has the choice of doing what it wants with the money; it  
can take it out and distribute it to the management and the directors and  
the founding shareholders or use the money to exploit in research and  
development, and if Mr. Adams receives money from secondary sales as a  
person, that belongs to him, it’s his money, there’s no obligation that he  
puts it into Suncastle or Majestic, that’s his money, his right. But coming  
back again to the unfairness, what is happening here is that Suncastle is  
getting the money through secondary sales, which, if it uses in the  
business to exploit in research and development, then is developing its  
own product, it’s own technology, and if the company’s at arm’s length with  
Majestic, ultimately, such a technology is then sold to Majestic, so Majestic  
would then have to buy a technology from Suncastle, and, in fact, the  
shareholders initially put their money in for research and development, but  
the scenario, the business profile that we now have two independent  
companies, is that Suncastle may develop, and has hope of developing,  
the product, which, if it does, sells it to Majestic, Majestic has to purchase  
that product, and Suncastle benefits by bailing out from Majestic and  
paying for it with shares which it cost nothing, which it received freely. So I  
see that as being fundamentally unfair. You can also look at it from a  
different angle: If Suncastle raised such finance on the market itself,  
Suncastle would now have shareholders, and those shareholders would  
have a right in the profits and gains of Suncastle; if Suncastle did that, and  
developed a technology, the technology then belongs to the new investors  
and shareholders and not to Mr. Adams and Suncastle. So the way it was  
done was detrimental to Majestic, in my view, unfair to Majestic, because  
any funds that are raised is outside the control of Majestic and it doesn’t  
see, and it doesn’t have right to, any gains arising thereafter because it’s a  
property, now, of Suncastle. So, I, I found that the methodology adopted in  
concurring or acquiescing to secondary sales not very meaningful and  
quite unfair to Majestic shareholders.  
[
609]  
De Souza testified that approximately $5.3 million was invested by  
investors. No funds were recovered.  
141 —  
[
610]  
In cross-examination De Souza was questioned about who was responsible  
for the error involving the debt situation between Suncastle and Majestic. It was  
pointed out to him that the resolution that is Exhibit #128 has five names of people  
on the board of directors, none of whom are Adams. De Souza testified that the  
fault for not catching this error rests with the board of directors for Majestic but then  
he added that whoever was directing the operations, which in his view was Adams,  
was also responsible. De Souza testified as follows.  
A. When you look at the document on its own from a legal perspective and  
the persons that are responsible and signed off, no, Mr. Adams is not  
there. Certainly the impression that I got on my file  and this is through  
readings transcripts of interviews that have already beenthat were  
already conducted  it’s quite evident from what I’ve read — and I’m going  
by my recollection now, reading a number of transcripts, just to brief myself  
on the file  you get the impression very much that Herb, Herb Adams is  
the controlling mind behind both the companies. So in my own mind, at  
that time, I, I believed, based from what I’m reading and picking up from  
the file, that Herb Adams is aware of all of this.  
Q. So you believe he was aware of it?  
A. Yeah.  
Q. Not necessarily the cause of it?  
A. Yeah.  
[
611]  
De Souza did confirm that Adams left Majestic’s board of directors in  
November of 2006 and that after that date that Adams was no long legally  
responsible for decisions made by Majestic’s board of directors.  
[
612]  
De Souza was asked about the duties of a CFO. He indicated that the CFO  
and CEO are responsible for advising the board of directors to make sure that the  
accounting activities are legitimate and in the shareholders best interests and then  
the board of directors usually signs off on financial statements. He indicated that he  
would expect to a CFO to look at accounting records all the time. He indicated if  
Bishop did not look at the financials that he would “take exception to that”.  
[
613]  
He was then asked about control block shareholders selling their shares  
and how that’s generally bad for the company. He confirmed that Suncastle selling  
off shares of Majestic without an escrow agreement could potentially be very  
142 —  
damaging to Majestic.  
614] De Souza was then asked about Bishop having a commission agreement  
[
and selling off shares of Majestic that were owned by Suncastle. He confirmed that  
this was a violation of the Act. He confirmed that this was not permitted unless the  
shareholders were fully aware because of how damaging it was to the shareholders  
who were already in a diluted position and he confirmed as well that it not an honest  
approach as honesty would dictate that this should simply not happen. Finally, he  
confirmed that Bishop would have been in a conflict position as he should be  
defending the shareholders in Majestic and his selling share of Majestic that are  
owned by Suncastle is detrimental to the shareholders of Majestic. He also  
confirmed that Bishop was not registered to sell Majestic shares and that in and of  
itself is a violation of the Act.  
[
615]  
The proceedings before the Ontario Securities Commission involving  
Adams and Majestic were summarized in crossexamination as follows.  
Q. You spoke about a number of differentin a number of different times  
about some of the exemptions to filing requirements, or exemptions to  
issuing the prospectus, correct? And in, in several cases in this case you  
came to the view that bothon some of the primary sales, so out of the,  
the sales out of Majestic’s treasury, and certainly on the secondary sales,  
there were violations of the regulations here?  
A. Yeah.  
Q.  
And the, the accredited investor issue, and even though the  
responsibility is on the filer to have the information, the accredited investor  
information accurate, that’s an Ontario Securities Commission issue as  
well?  
A. Yes, yes, I mean, the non-filing is a violation of, of a rule under the Act.  
Q. And, I mean, in this case, Mr. Adams was found by the Ontario  
Securities Commission to have breached several Ontario Securities  
regulations here?  
A. Correct.  
Q. As I understand it, the fact that Mr. Adams was not registered under the  
Act and didn’t file a prospectus, that was an issue that was brought up at  
the O.S.C.?  
A. Yes, there’s a, there’s a decision and all of that, I think, is highlighted  
there; I haven’t read it in some time but if it states that, yes, I—that was a  
decision that camethat was finally rendered by the Commission.  
143 —  
Q. Yes, and the actual trading of the shares and the secondary sales and  
all of that, that’s all contrary to the securities regulations?  
A. That’s correct, yeah.  
Q. And he was found to be liable by the Securities Commission of all of  
that?  
A. Correct.  
Q. He was found to have distributed securities without a prospectus and  
contrary to the public interest, correct?  
A. Correct.  
Q. He was found to have engaged in unregistered trading; that was  
contrary to the public interest?  
A. Yeah.  
Q. And that is a Securities Commission issue?  
A. Sure.  
Q. And the Securities Commission did, in fact, rule on it?  
A. Yeah.  
Q. And he was also charged with giving undertakings relating to the future  
value of Majestic shares and making prohibited representations regarding  
future listings of Majestic shares on an exchange, correct?  
A. Yeah, there were a number of allegations made. I think in most of them  
again, I’m going with my memory — in most of them, the Commission  
voted not in favour of Mr. Adams, but perhaps there’s one or two for which  
the Commission didn’t agree with the allegations so…  
Q. And, and those….  
A. …it’s all set out in the document.  
Q. And those two are, in fact, giving undertakings related to a future value  
of Majestic shares?  
A. Yeah.  
Q. And making prohibited representations about future listings of Majestic  
shares contrary on an exchange?  
A. On an exchange, yeah, I think so, correct.  
Q.  
So the, the prohibited undertakings and the prohibited  
misrepresentations issues, he was found not to be liable?  
A. Correct.  
[
616]  
De Souza further indicated that the board of directors of these companies  
excluding Adams had no competence. He went on to indicate that there were  
conflict positions that required a series of checks and balances to make sure that  
those conflicts are not exploited and that these were not properly in place  
144 —  
[
617]  
De Souza noted that documents must be reviewed with skepticism and that  
you must go underneath the documents to see what is really happening. He  
indicated that documents are often prepared to satisfy a legal requirement but that  
you must look underneath those documents to see what’s really happening and to  
see the true essence of the decision making.  
[
618]  
De Souza testified that Rob Dash was not qualified and was he was quite  
incompetent. He was involved with Adams before and just put into the corporation.  
He indicated that with respect to Mary Kricfalusi that nobody seemed to know why  
she was there or what she did. He indicated that with respect to Noel Shahnazarian  
that he was involved with the accused prior and that seemed to be his only  
qualification. De Souza indicated that you must look at who is the president and  
who is the CFO of a company but that may be different from who was in fact  
directing the company’s operations.  
[
619]  
He was then asked specifically about Bishop and whether Bishop got away  
with money. He indicated Bishop was given certain shares but he believed that  
Bishop never sold his own shares. He indicated that Bishop did make a small  
consulting fee but no large sums of money were received by Bishop.  
[
620]  
It should be noted that this last point lends some credibility to Bishop’s  
assertion that he was only passing on information to investors about Majestic that he  
had received from Adams. It provides support to his claim that he believed what  
Adams had told him about Majestic and that he also believed that the company  
would make money. Hence, Bishop held on to his shares, unlike Adams, who was  
bailing on Majestic at the same time as he raved about it being a great investment  
for new investors.  
(
B) Defence Evidence:  
. Herbert Adams:  
621] Herbert Adams was born on July 2, 1948 in Hamilton and he still resides  
1
[
145 —  
there.  
[
622] Adams has two children, Chadwick who is 30 and Bianca who is 28, and he  
has one grandson.  
[
623]  
Adams has a grade nine education. His career began in sales with respect  
to home renovations and then for a period of time he worked with a Dr. Landy  
Battista. That work also involved sales work selling concrete. According to Adams  
evidence, Dr. Battista had come up with an additive that increased the strength of  
concrete by three to five times. He indicated that he stopped doing this work  
because there was too much travelling and then Dr. Battista died.  
[
624]  
Adams testified that he did nothing for about a year after that because he  
had made enough money and then he decided to help his wife and Mary Kricfalusi  
set up an art company which was called Juma Holdings. He co-signed a small  
business loan through the bank for his wife and they purchased a printer and hired  
someone to teach them how to do graphics. The idea was that they would have a  
small art gallery and sell original art and reproductions, but this was very labour  
intensive. He assisted his wife and Mary Kricfalusi by recruiting some artists to sign  
licensing agreements with them and assisted them in setting up their production  
facilities. He indicated that he subsequently got ill and his marriage fell apart. In  
approximately 2003 to 2004 he indicated that his wife got rid of her interest in Juma  
Holdings and a few unspecified other people took over that interest and that he then  
began to work for them. He assisted by doing the same thing that he had done  
when his wife was involved.  
This involved getting artists to sign licensing  
agreements with them and making reproductions of their work. He indicated that he  
stayed on after his wife got rid of her interest because the small business loan had  
to be paid off and he had co-signed it. It was in the amount of $160,000.  
[
625]  
According to Adams, Juma was a leader in the industry, but they had  
outdated technology and so their prices were too high. Juma ultimately ran out of  
money in December of 2005. Juma had 10 directors. The accused was not one of  
146 —  
them and the accused was not the main shareholder of Juma. He indicated that he  
was essentially a salesperson at Juma, and that he introduced artists, got licensing  
agreements and pursued retail accounts on behalf of the company.  
[
626]  
It should be noted that a number of Juma shareholders were put in a  
company called Holdco which received a substantial amount of Majestic shares.  
Considering the totality of the evidence, including the share capitalization of Majestic  
and how Juma was for a time in the same premises as Majestic on Mainway it is  
hard to believe that Adams did not have a more significant role in Juma than he  
admitted to in his evidence. This is also the first example of Adams involving  
potentially unhappy people in his business ventures as a transition from a failed  
business venture.  
[
627]  
Adams testified that Suncastle was formed in 1983 essentially for the  
He indicated that  
purpose of splitting income regarding minor investments.  
Suncastle was dormant for some eight to nine years and then in 2004 he revived it.  
He indicated that the reason for this was that he wanted to get into environmentally  
safe products and printing supplies, and to do research and development in that  
area. Adams said had come up with this idea after meeting Noel Shahnazarian.  
Shahnazarian had indicated to Adams that the environmental laws were changing,  
that these products were available in Europe and if a company was first out the door  
in North America there was potential for a huge success and profit.  
[
628]  
As a result, Adams spoke to his lawyer, Tom Brown, and the accountant  
and they said that there were some losses in Suncastle that they could utilize if the  
company was revived and so Adams brought Suncastle up to date and activated the  
company.  
[
629]  
Adams testified that he continued to have meetings with Noel Shahnazarian  
regarding what the market was for these products and what was available. This  
took approximately a month. He further looked into the cost to set up the company  
and what research and development there might be. He also looked into what could  
147 —  
be done in terms of research and development costs because apparently the return  
was nominal until you were successful.  
[
630]  
Adams then bought $140,000 worth of printers from Taca Supplies, but he  
needed to know how to operate the printers, so Shahnazarian introduced Adams to  
Carlo Toscano and, with Toscano’s help, they ended up buying Mimaki printers. He  
also hired Rob Dash, who had a Bachelor of Economics, to be a head hunter and to  
learn how to use the machines, and Danny Chilleli. He indicated that the formation  
of this company was a conception. He indicated that it was an idea and that there  
was always a risk factor. Mary Kricfalusi and Noel Shahnazarian on an occasional  
basis participated and he said that everyone agreed to donate their time.  
[
631]  
Adams testified that a numbered company, which was a shell company  
owned by Tom Brown, was purchased from Tom Brown and eventually became  
Majestic Supply Company. Adams indicated that he did all of the start-up, bought  
the equipment and paid the leaseholds and so on. He got $40,000 from his own  
savings, he borrowed $196,000 from Park Lane Investments and his son loaned him  
$40,000 from collateral on the son’s home. This was all in the spring of 2005.  
[
632] Adams indicated that his vision for Majestic was to have environmentally  
safe products and innovative technology, and if they were the first to market with the  
solution to environmental issues, that they were a good candidate to be bought out  
by a large corporation. The broad focus was to have multiple revenue streams. The  
people involved at this point were Adams, Chilleli, Dash, Kricfalusi and Noel  
Shahnazarian, once every two to three weeks. He indicated that it was Noel  
Shahnazarian that got Carlos Toscano and his brother Mario Toscano involved  
because they needed somebody in the industry to be able to rely on.  
[
633]  
According to Adams the canvas stretching machine was an idea he had to  
get an additional revenue stream. He indicated that it was his concept to make it an  
automated process and that there would be a huge market for that. Adams  
indicated that he hired Daniel Le Blanc who he had met through Leblanc’s wife, to  
148 —  
do the stretching machine. He indicated that it was less than a day after he had told  
Le Blanc the concept that he had, that Le Blanc came back with plans for it. As will  
be seen in Le Blanc’s evidence this canvas stretching machine never reached a  
point where it was operating efficiently enough to go into production.  
[
634]  
Adams testified that the canvas spooler, was also his idea. The concept  
was to take large thousand-foot spools of canvas and use this machine to cut them  
into 40-foot spools so that they could be re-sold in 40-foot spools. Adams said that  
this idea was about to go into production and they were about to get the patents  
when it was stolen and he ultimately filed a lawsuit. It also never went into  
production.  
[
635]  
Adams testified that Carlos Toscano started with Majestic in June of 2005.  
Toscano’s role was to train Dash and Chilleli on the printers, to introduce them to  
wholesalers so that they could buy materials for re-sale and finally to teach them  
how to price out jobs.  
[
636]  
According to Adams Toscano approached him and suggested that they  
purchase ink from Staedtler rather than going through CGS. Adams testified that  
Toscano was also the one that had the idea about privately labelling the ink. It was  
Toscano who told Adams about Lumo color ink as Toscano knew this from working  
with Staedtler and CGS. Adams understood that Lumo color was a replacement for  
solvent inks, but it did not work with all printers. It was designed to work with Mimaki  
printers and the Mutoh solvent printers. Lumo color ink had two main advantages.  
First, it could replace the solvent inks and, second, it could print on uncoated media  
which, in and of itself, would result in a 40 per cent saving.  
[
637]  
Toscano suggested that he go to Staedtler to negotiate purchasing inks  
from Staedtler. So Adams paid for Toscano to go to Germany and Suncastle ended  
up reimbursing Adams for that. According to Adams, when Toscano returned he  
indicated that the lawyer was away, but they should get an agreement in a few  
weeks concerning both the general inks and the Lumo color inks. As time went by,  
149 —  
they kept asking Toscano where the agreement was. According to Adams Toscano  
ultimately showed up with an electronically signed contract.  
[
638]  
It should be noted that Toscano denies this. Toscano’s evidence was that  
Staedtler refused to enter into a contract with Suncastle and that Adams was furious  
about this. The lawyer Thomas Brown has some evidence on this point but it does  
not assist in resolving the issue concerning the disparity between Toscano’s  
evidence and Adams evidence on this issue. No contract was ever produced. It  
appears from the emails from Staedtler mentioned in Brown’s evidence and from the  
totality of the other evidence that Suncastle was purchasing some inks including  
lumo color from Staedtler as early as 2005 but the first two contracts are Exhibit #  
103 and # 105.  
[
639] According to Adams after a period of time, Adams asked Brown to contact  
Staedtler directly and Staedtler informed them that there was no signed contract.  
The accused indicated that he confronted Toscano and they got into a serious verbal  
confrontation and that he told Toscano to leave. Adams indicated that three days  
later Toscano asked if he could come and pick up his equipment. Adams testified  
that Toscano came in the middle of the night and that when they returned the next  
day they found the place ransacked and two of the three printers were damaged.  
Adams felt that Toscano was responsible and had Rob Dash call the police about  
this.  
[
640]  
According to Adams the heating device on the printers was never perfected.  
Adams said that Toscano and his brother Mario, as well as Chilleli, came up with  
what he described as a “crazy construction” regarding a light, but he indicated that  
after approximately two minutes the printers would overheat and it would burn out  
the print heads. Adams indicated that they played with this on and off for some  
three to four months, but it never properly cured the ink for more than two to three  
minutes and they would have to shut down the printers. They were using Lumo  
color ink purchased from Staedtler in these tests.  
150 —  
[
641]  
According to Adams Tony Yaworski was a director of Juma who had helped  
with some of the leasehold improvements when they relocated to Mainway. Adams  
testified that it was Yaworski’s idea to develop the conveyor system to cut 1000-foot  
rolls into 40-foot portions and re-sell them. Adams testified that what was described  
as an ink sprayer by Yaworski was really a coating sprayer for the media or  
substrates so that the inks would stick to it. Adams testified that Yaworski definitely  
did not invent the canvas stretcher. Adams also indicated that Yaworski never got  
the ink sprayer done. Adams said that he presented it to SR&ED, that they hired  
William Stark who looked at it to see if it would qualify for a SR&ED claim and then a  
government auditor from SR&ED also took a look at it. Adams said that at one point  
Yaworski did an about-face as his machine did not get approved and he became  
hostile and tried to get money from Adams. Adams indicated that he paid Yaworski  
multiple times and that he paid Yaworski for what Yaworski signed for. In other  
words, Adams denies Yaworski’s testimony that Yaworski signed documents that he  
was paid $30,000 in order that a SR&ED claim could be made for it. Adams also  
testified that Yaworski signed the payment on behalf of Suspendaire.  
[
642]  
Adams testified that Toscano ended up leaving in November of 2005. The  
printers were damaged such that they could not function. He indicated that there  
were also lots of other documents that were missing and he described it as “we were  
upside down”.  
[
643] Adams described the state of affairs in late 2005 like this at pages 25 and  
6 of the transcript of October 24, 2013.  
2
Q. What state was Majestic in before he got those printers going?  
A. Majestic was finished. So was Suncastle if I didn’t get more money in.  
Q. So you say you’re finished in the sense that the printers aren’t working  
and nothing’s happening?  
A. Um hum.  
Q. Did you actually stop doing things at that time?  
A. Got very, very frustrated ‘cause everything was caving in. We just  
decided we’re just gonna’ take a break away from it because it was right  
around Christmas time and we just decided to take advantage of the  
151 —  
holidays. It wasn’t one of the greatest years.  
[
644]  
It should be noted that this is important evidence as it is indicative of the  
true state of financial affairs of Majestic as the year 2005 ended and 2006 began.  
This is, of course, as the time frame noted in the charge of defrauding majestic  
shareholders also begins. At this time Majestic was very clearly a company with  
little or no revenue streams. Everything was “caving in” and Majestic “was finished”  
unless Adams managed to get more money in. Motive has been clearly established  
directly from the evidence of the accused.  
[
645]  
Adams said it was only in the spring of 2006 that they finally got someone  
to fix the printers because the usual people who would fix the printers would not  
touch them as they had been modified and were no longer covered by warranty. He  
indicated that they eventually found Paul Socholotiuk to come in to fix the printers. It  
was Danny Chilleli that found him and ultimately Suncastle that hired Socholotiuk.  
Adams testified that Socholotiuk finally got the printers going after about a month.  
[
646]  
According to Adams in the spring of 2006 they therefore started to fix the  
printers. It was around this time that the company Juma advised they could not pay  
their rent and Adams agreed to store their property until they could refinance but that  
never ultimately happened.  
[
647]  
Adams testified that he contacted Noel Shahnazarian after it was confirmed  
that they did not have a contract with Staedtler to assist in the negotiations with  
Staedtler. Then they negotiated the first contract with Staedtler in December of 2005  
which is the non-disclosure agreement which is Exhibit # 103. The goal was to  
develop a relationship between Staedtler, Majestic and Suncastle to come up with a  
revolutionary printing system.  
[
648]  
As this was going on, Socholotiuk was trying to modify Toscano’s heater  
system on the printers, but could not do so. Socholotiuk then told Adams about  
Carlo Fascio. Adams indicated that in December 2005 they thought they could  
perfect the heating system because they knew they it had been done in Europe and,  
152 —  
therefore, they thought they would be able to do it. They thought that if they  
perfected the heating system and combined it with lumo color that it would be both  
profitable and environmentally friendly.  
[
649]  
According to Adams, the phrase “category killer” came from Toscano who  
claimed he had heard it from a lady who met with them to evaluate their business  
prospects. She allegedly told Toscano who then told Adams that their idea re lumo  
color ink would revolutionize the industry. According to Adams Staedtler said “Don’t  
show it.” Also, according to Adams, another company offered to take Majestic  
public, but they did not like the deal.  
[
650]  
It is important to note the exact position that Majestic was in at the  
conclusion of 2005 and the beginning of 2006, what products they actually had and  
what technology they actually had. In reality all Majestic had was knowledge about  
an ink called Lumo color, a non-disclosure agreement with Staedtler, an unworkable  
heating device and potentially a contract with D5 to supply cartridges, but even with  
respect to the cartridges they were having difficulty filling them in a timely fashion.  
Majestic did not have any contracts to sell any products. The only sales mentioned  
in the evidence are some minimal sales for a project done for Walmart and the  
Florida company that ended up having their printer heads damaged as a result of  
the product being sold to them by Majestic and/or Suncastle.  
[
651]  
Adams testified that in December of 2005 they thought they were going to  
begin importing Staedtler inks, both the water-based ink that they could repackage in  
either recycled cartridges or in the D5 cartridges from Korea and the pigment inks.  
They could resell the pigment inks, and with respect to Lumo color they were still  
testing this. They had not perfected the heating device and it is clear that Lumo  
color was separate from the other water-based inks.  
th  
[
652]  
Adams testified that after the December the 5 non-disclosure agreement  
between Suncastle, Majestic and Staedtler, a representative from Staedtler came to  
Canada to visit their facility. Adams thought this was in the summer of 2006. One of  
153 —  
the concerns Staedtler had regarded a dealer network being set up for sales  
regarding the conversion of printers. It was really a two-step process with respect to  
the Lumo color ink. The first was the heating device and the second was to convert  
solvent printers to using water-based inks, but as soon as there was a conversion  
the warranty was voided. As these printers were worth some $80,000 to $90,000  
Majestic needed to build up a support network to both do the conversions and to  
provide support for any ongoing issues. Therefore, Socholotiuk was training Dash  
and Chilleli so that they could be certified regarding the printers.  
[
653]  
Adams indicated there was clearly no hostility from Staedtler. Adams  
himself went to Germany after the Staedtler representative had visited them in  
Canada. This trip took place before Adams resigned from Majestic in November of  
2006. He went because there were still problems with the heating device and,  
therefore, they wanted Staedtler’ s input.  
[
654]  
Shahnazarian and Kricfalusi also went to Staedtler in Germany with Adams.  
They talked about the dealer network required and they talked about the potential in  
North America. Adams said he specifically asked Staedtler representatives about  
why there were no other companies that were involved in this. They had indicated  
to him that there was a huge outlay of money to convert the printers and there was a  
potential for damage to the printers during the conversion process from solvent to  
water-based inks. The Staedtler representative indicated that no one else was  
involved with Lumo color ink because of these challenges.  
[
655] Adams testified that the contract with Staedtler, which is Exhibit #105, was  
signed in August 2006.  
[
656]  
Adams signed this contract. Adams indicated that he understood that the  
exclusivity agreement allowed them to import inks from Staedtler and to re-brand  
them under an exclusive private brand label. He also acknowledged that the inks in  
Schedule “A” were water-based inks and pigment-based inks that could be re-  
branded and sold by Majestic. According to Adams, the agreement allowed them to  
154 —  
buy and sell these inks at a lower price because they were not branded as Staedtler  
inks. Lumo color was not in the contract, but Adams indicated that he thought that it  
had been included in the contract. And he also believed that Suncastle was the only  
company purchasing the Lumo color ink and importing it into Canada  
[
657] And when asked why he thought they were the only ones purchasing Lumo  
color ink Adams said this:  
Q. You saw this invoiceor you saw this contract, I just showed it to you,  
Exhibit 105.  
A. Correct.  
Q. Is Lumo color ink in the contract?  
A. No.  
Q. Did you believe it was?  
A. A thousand percent.  
Q. You agree now that it’s not?  
A. It’s been pointed out to me, yes.  
Q. Okay. Did you believe at the time that you were the only company—  
that Suncastle was the only company getting Lumo color ink?  
A. Absolutely.  
Q. Why do you say that?  
A. Conversations we had with Staedtler, the cooperation that Staedtler  
extended to us as far as giving us the software, the diagrams and how to  
convert the printers, the technical support back and forth, our meeting over  
there, multiple correspondence, and we were developing a system which  
both woulda’ benefited from.  
[
658]  
Adams testified that it was the ink and the system that was being  
developed. The ink was one small component. The second component was the  
ability to convert the solvent-based printers to using water-based inks. The third  
component was perfecting the heat source to cure the ink so that it would properly  
bond to the substrate. Adams indicated that it was with respect to this third  
component that they failed. Adams testified that Toscano said he could do it. Then  
Socholotiuk said he could perfect it. But neither of them was successful. Likewise,  
Fascio also failed to perfect it. He indicated that Staedtler was still had limitations  
with their heating device and that Staedtler was working with others on the system in  
Europe but not in North America.  
155 —  
[
659]  
Adams testified that in August of 2006 Majestic was not in good shape.  
They were experimenting with the ink and the heating system and slowly getting  
some sales, like bringing in the Walmart contract so there were some positive in-  
roads, but Majestic needed money. Adams was asked about the potential for  
Suncastle and Majestic to get the system working and he responded that he felt with  
the right money and the right person it was just a question of time. Not if, but when.  
[
660]  
It should be noted that the financial position of Majestic, on Adams own  
evidence, continued to be tenuous and hanging by a thread. It is also obvious that  
Adams felt that Majestic or Suncastle would soon perfect the heating system and  
thereby give them an opportunity to generate profits. However, nothing was ever  
perfected in that regard and the company had very limited revenue streams.  
Additional revenue was therefore critical.  
This requirement for more money  
continued to be a desperate circumstance for Majestic. This fact must be kept in  
mind when assessing the evidence as the motive to generate funds for Majestic was  
very powerful.  
[
661] Adams testified that he met Bishop in the spring of 2006. He was  
introduced to Bishop by Julio Ramirez who was a shareholder.  
[
662] According to Adams Bishop tried to sell Adams a tax shelter where you  
could invest $5,000 in some sort of an off-shore company and get a receipt for  
50,000. Adams indicated he spoke to his accountant and was advised not to do it.  
$
[
663]  
It should be noted that Bishop was never questioned about this and given  
an opportunity to respond. This evidence seems like a transparent attempt to  
portray Bishop in a fraudulent manner. Bishop definitely has some credibility issues,  
which will be reviewed but this is not an issue that should be utilized in Bishop’s  
credibility assessment.  
[
664] Adams indicated that Bishop visited the facility some eight to nine times  
and became friendly with everyone. According to Adams Bishop told them his  
156 —  
background and that he had connections with people with high net worth.  
665] Adams was adamant that he never told Bishop that Shahnazarian had  
[
invented the ink, that Shahnazarian had added a polymer to the ink or that the  
pictures at the location on Mainway were printed with Lumo color ink.  
[
666]  
Adams indicated that David Prentice was one of three potential investors  
that were brought in by Bishop. Prentice was the president of a venture capital firm.  
Adams testified that Prentice came to the business and had a very short ten-minute  
tour and then for an hour and a half they discussed a basic review of what the  
company doing. Prentice asked for a due diligence package which was sent to him  
by Tom Brown within three to four days. Subsequently Bishop called and said  
Prentice wanted to come again. They had another one-hour meeting. Prentice  
wanted to see more, so they showed him. Prentice indicated to them that he had a  
background in large format printing and that he knew that the company had  
obstacles to get over. According to Adams Prentice said that we needed capital for  
R & D, capital for strong management and capital for marketing. Adams indicated  
that Prentice was prepared to commit $2.5 million to the project.  
[
667]  
Adams indicated that he knew the company had potential, but it was when  
Bishop mentioned that Prentice thought it was worth $200 million, that Adams  
understood for the first time that it was potentially worth that much. Adams indicated  
that everyone was ecstatic. But then Prentice ended up not investing in the  
company. Adams indicated that he contacted Prentice about four weeks later . As a  
result of this, Adams said, “What’s gone wrong?” and Prentice had indicated that he  
had had a falling out with Bishop and then told Adams, “Go ask Bishop”. Adams  
indicated that he had only called Prentice some three times over a two-month period  
of time.  
[
668]  
Adams then spoke to Bishop. According to Adams Bishop said that he had  
killed the deal because Prentice wanted 30 per cent equity. Bishop told Adams that  
this was too rich of a deal for that and Bishop said that he could raise the money  
157 —  
personally.  
669] Adams testified that Bishop presented himself well and apparently had  
[
good credentials but Adams indicated that he did not pursue Bishop. Adams said  
that it was, in fact, the opposite.  
[
670]  
It should be noted that Adams not pursuing Bishop would have been very  
unusual behaviour for Adams considering the desperate financial position of  
Majestic and the potential lifeline being offered by Bishop in terms of his professed  
ability to raise funds for Majestic. In reality, this was a union of convenience for both  
parties. Bishop and Adams both saw an opportunity to feather their own nests.  
[
671]  
In addition, Adams also maintained that Bishop had paid the workers that  
Adams had arranged for Bishop’s daughter’s house directly contrary to Bishop’s  
evidence. The evidence on this point is insufficient to determine whether Adams or  
Bishop is being truthful about this point.  
[
672]  
Adams testified that in November 2006 he was sick and had no choice but  
to resign from Majestic’s board of directors. Bishop was placed on the board of  
directors at that time.  
[
673]  
It should be noted that whatever falling out later occurred between Adams  
and Bishop that Bishop was essentially Adams pawn at this point in time regarding  
the running of Majestic.  
[
674] According to Adams Bishop did not tell him about the prior problems that  
Bishop had with the Ontario Securities Commission.  
[
675]  
Adams also maintained that when he left, Majestic was, what he described  
as a turn-key operation with zero worries. All they had to do was go out and sell the  
Staedtler inks repackaged in D5 cartridges; resell the split up canvas and do print  
contracts. There were 16 to 17 revenue streams.  
[
676]  
It should be noted that this is nonsense. Majestic was collapsing and it  
158 —  
appears that Adams knew that. There is no doubt that Adams was suffering from  
health problems but he could also envision the demise of Majestic. Adams put  
people in place that he thought he could control, while still being a “consultant” to  
Majestic and in control of a great number of shares. Adams attempted to distance  
himself from liability while hedging his position just in case there was a miraculous  
turnaround in Majestic’s fortunes with either the heating device or the filling line  
reusable cartridges being perfected.  
[
677]  
Adams testified that he agreed to stay as a consultant to Majestic for six  
months. He indicated that his role as a consultant was to look at the general needs  
of the company and try to figure out how to bring everything in quicker. He was  
there three to four times a week, but only for a few hours. Exhibit #129 is the  
th  
consulting agreement dated 17 of November 2006.  
[
678]  
Adams testified that he was not running the show. As he got sicker, he was  
in only maybe once or twice a week. At times he noted that everyone was waiting  
for Bishop to arrive late in the afternoon. He indicated that he did speak to investors  
after they had invested. Adams mentioned Rudko and Bilocerkowec. He also  
indicated that he spoke to John Lynch after he had invested and to Doug Paul.  
Adams testified that those investors had asked what they were doing and what  
would make them a leader in the industry. As a result Adams talked to them about  
what they were working on.  
[
679]  
With respect to the business plans, Adams testified that he had no idea who  
had drafted them. Adams testified that he did not guarantee the contents of the  
business plan to anyone.  
[
680] Adams also testified that he did not tell anyone that Noel Shahnazarian had  
invented the ink.  
[
681] Adams said that there was full disclosure. He indicated that he told  
investors that Majestic, Suncastle and Staedtler were jointly working on things.  
159 —  
Adams added that the company being associated with Staedtler added credibility to  
the company.  
[
682]  
Adams testified that Majestic had instant revenue streams, but that he did  
not tell the investors that the Lumo color ink system was ready to go to market.  
They were close to completing it but the heater system still needed work. There  
were no guarantees. There was only potential for success. They had the  
opportunity to be the first out there only. Adams reiterated that he never told  
investors otherwise. Adams also maintained that he never told investors that  
Majestic was going public as in selling its shares on the stock market.  
[
683]  
Regarding the sale of Secondary Shares Adams indicated that he had sold  
some of his shares in Majestic and that Suncastle had also sold some Majestic  
shares. Adams testified that Bishop had approached him and asked if he wanted to  
sell his Majestic shares. Adams needed money so he agreed to sell those shares.  
[
684]  
Adams testified that he thought they had complied with the Ontario  
Securities Act regulations when selling these shares and that he relied on his lawyer,  
Tom Brown, and Bishop in this regard, although he said, “There’s nobody to blame  
but me”.  
[
685] Adams testified that he wasn’t bailing out on Majestic when he sold around  
00,000 to 450,000 shares and he also indicated that this money was reinvested in  
4
Suncastle. He said that he had received approximately $300,000. According to  
Adams some of this money was put into Suncastle but he needed the rest to pay  
medical bills and for his prescription drugs. Adams claimed that he loaned the  
money to Suncastle and Majestic and did not call those loans back.  
[
686]  
Adams testified that he met Laurene Rogers when Adams’ son wanted a  
small credit line on his house. His son asked Adams to attend at the meeting and so  
Adams met Rogers at Majestic on Mainway. This was in 2006 or 2007, but Adams  
thought that it was in 2006. Tom Brown introduced Laurene Rogers to him. They  
160 —  
discussed his son’s needs regarding a mortgage.  
687] According to Adams, in the last five minutes of that meeting Rogers asked  
[
what they were doing at Majestic. He indicated that Rogers came back about a  
week later with papers for his son to sign and that she was more inquisitive  
regarding the business. According to Adams Rogers told him that she had contacts  
in banks that may need the printing services that Majestic could provide. As a  
result, Adams showed her the initial Staedtler contract which was apparently the  
initial non-disclosure agreement. According to Adams Rogers asked if they were  
looking for investment capital and asked if she could invest. Adams said that he  
referred her to Tom Brown and told her to do her due diligence. Three weeks later  
Adams saw Rogers again and she wanted to invest $10,000. Regarding the  
accredited investor form and Laurene Rogers, Adams testified that he did not give  
her the form.  
[
688]  
It should be noted that in all the circumstances this is very unlikely. Rogers’  
evidence was that she only dealt with Adams and that evidence makes sense when  
considering her evidence a whole.  
[
689] Adams testified that Rogers also made a loan to Mary Kricfalusi for  
25,000. Adams indicated that Rogers had been looking at a mortgage for  
$
Kricfalusi, but Kricfalusi was near foreclosure. Adams said he had nothing to do with  
this transaction. According to Adams Kricfalusi was going to repay the loan to  
Rogers but he maintained that Rogers wanted shares. Adams also said that he told  
Rogers that he could not guarantee the shares.  
[
690]  
It should be noted that this is directly contrary to Rogers’s evidence  
regarding how this loan came about, who she dealt with and her efforts to get the  
loan back. Roger’s evidence in totality makes her evidence on this point much more  
believable than Adams evidence on this point.  
[
691]  
Adams testified that Printing Components was just a shell company. John  
161 —  
Dow was involved in Printing Components and, according to Adams, Rogers had  
offered to sit on the board of directors. Adams did not recall what Rogers role was  
going to be. They had put the company together to sell inks in the United States, and  
it was a U.S. company. Rogers subsequently requested to be taken off the board of  
directors and Adams denied that he has frustrated her resignation attempts. Adams  
testified that Rogers had received pressure to be taken off the board of directors  
from other parties and that he had told her to call a lawyer in the United States. The  
lawyer had told Rogers to write a letter. Rogers wrote the letter and she was taken  
off the board of directors. That was the resignation process for Rogers according to  
Adams.  
[
692]  
Adams testified that he did not ask her to attend the house to listen to any  
conversation. He indicated that the recording that has been placed in evidence with  
respect to Laurene Rogers was not coerced from her, but was done by her own free  
will, as was as the letter that she was questioned about.  
[
693]  
It should be noted that this does not line up with common sense when the  
audio tape and the letter produced by Adams during the cross-examination of  
Rogers is considered. Although Rogers memory lapse with respect to these things  
is suspicious they are also indicative of Adams placing demands on Rogers before  
alleviating her of her responsibilities on Printing Components board of directors.  
[
694]  
Adams denied telling Rogers that they had invented the ink and he did not  
tell her that the company was going public. He indicated that he had told her that, if  
successful, the company was likely to be bought out or that she could have a  
position in sales.  
[
695]  
Adams said that with respect to Rogers comment that Adams was “large  
and in charge” that he did not see Rogers that often. Adams testified that Rogers  
was at every shareholders’ meeting and that she was only at Majestic eight or nine  
times in 2006 and 2007, over an approximate one year period.  
162 —  
[
696]  
Adams testified that he met John Lynch in the fall of 2006. Lynch was a  
friend of Bishop’s. Bishop gave Lynch a tour and Bishop asked Adams to give  
Lynch an update regarding the company. As a result Adams joined them three  
quarters of the way through the tour and then they went to the boardroom. Adams  
testified that he discussed the projects that they hoped to implement with Majestic,  
that being the spooler, the stretching machine, the inks and the filling system and  
that all together it could be a gold mine for Majestic.  
[
697]  
Adams testified that he did not say that they had either invented or patented  
the ink and that he was very open about Staedtler because the association with  
Staedtler gave them credibility. Adams also denied telling anyone to tell investors  
that they had invented the ink. Finally, Adams denied telling investors that Majestic  
would be trading shares publicly in a short period of time.  
[
698]  
As a result Lynch purchased Suncastle’s shares. In 2008 Lynch returned  
his shares to Suncastle and got Majestic shares that were owned by Suncastle.  
This was done at the request of Steve Bishop.  
[
699]  
Adams testified that Kevin Loman came to visit Steve Bishop as Bishop and  
Loman were friends. Adams also met with Loman, Adams testified that he went  
through the same stuff with Loman as with other investors. For example, the  
relationship between Suncastle and Majestic, and that Suncastle was kept afloat  
with the mark-up on products. He indicated that he met Loman prior to or shortly  
after his resignation from Majestic’s board of directors. Adams indicated that he had  
made no agreement with Loman. Bishop said Loman only represented high net  
worth clients. Adams did not know if there was an agreement between Bishop and  
Loman.  
[
700] Adams testified that he never spoke to Dr. Elke. Adams said that he did not  
speak to 85% to 90% of the Alberta investors.  
[
701]  
Adams was emphatic that he did not tell Kevin Loman what to say to  
163 —  
investors.  
702] Adams testified that Carlo Fascio was introduced to him by Paul  
[
Socholotiuk in the spring of 2007. Fascio was hired because Socholotiuk said he  
thought that Fascio could fix heater unit because Fascio had an engineering  
background.  
[
703]  
According to Adams when Toscano left he gave the impression that the  
heating system worked but Adams did not know for sure as the printers were  
inoperable. Socholotiuk worked with the printers for approximately a month. The  
printers worked but they still had overheating problem with the heating system so it  
was not fully perfected. Fascio assured them that there was an easy remedy and  
Fascio said that Toscano’s device was “garbage” in that it would never pass U.L.C.  
approval. As a result they hired Fascio on a consulting contract to perfect the  
heating unit.  
[
704]  
According to Adams, as time went on, Bishop and Fascio approached him  
regarding the filling lines project. They had already purchased some filling lines for  
the D5 cartridges, but they weren’t working properly, and they ultimately agreed that  
Suncastle would pay for the design, development and fabrication of automated filling  
lines technology. They thought that the pumps would fill the cartridges every one-  
and-a-half minutes, plus there would be chips in the cartridges to track the customer  
invoices.  
[
705]  
Adams indicated that many companies had access to third-party inks, but  
they had no cartridges to put them in and could not fill them as quickly as Majestic  
could. In addition, the chip technology would track everything for invoices and re-  
ordering. Revenue to Majestic was based on Majestic’s first right of refusal.  
Suncastle would get paid development fees and a royalty based on sales.  
[
706]  
According to Adams, Fascio was working on the filling lines and indicated to  
them that there was a problem with the D5 cartridge that the company was  
164 —  
purchasing from the Korean company. Fascio thought he had found something in  
the cartridge that was defective. Fascio ultimately changed it and got a provisional  
patent for it. Fascio then came to Adams indicating that Hewlett Packard had  
offered him $5 million for it, but he was prepared to give it to Suncastle because of  
Steve Bishop and if Suncastle would finance the final work. This was in the late  
summer of 2007.  
[
707]  
At the time, therefore, Adams believed that the D5 cartridge was defective  
and that Hewlett Packard may bring a lawsuit against Suncastle and inventor which  
is the company in Korea. Adams testified that he therefore agreed to finance the  
project proposed by Fascio and including that Suncastle would finance the final work  
on it.  
[
708]  
Adams testified that there was an email from Staedtler that described the  
cartridge, the filling line and the heater technology as the “next atomic bomb”  
th  
According to Adams, Fascio was to deliver this technology by October 26 or 27 ,  
2007 and he did not do so. Adams’ position was that there was no expense report  
from Fascio and that Fascio was spending money without prior approval. Adams  
said that Fascio was breaching the contract in multiple ways so Adams refused to  
give him any more money until the filling line and the heating device were finished.  
[
709]  
According to Adams by 2007 he believed that they were getting closer.  
Fascio would come into the Mainway location, set something up regarding the filling  
lines and then they would wait three weeks or so to hear the results from Fascio.  
[
710]  
Adams described the disclosure of the 2008 email from Staedtler to Noel  
Shahnazarian describing their work as the next atomic bomb as his “fatal mistake”.  
In 2008 Adams received a copy of this email from Shahnazarian. He described  
Shahnazarian as the liaison between Suncastle, Majestic and Staedtler, and  
therefore they always disclosed to Staedtler what they were working on. Adams  
testified that his fatal mistake was showing this email to Bishop and Fascio. Adams  
showed it to them in an attempt to get Fascio to complete his contract.  
165 —  
[
711]  
Approximately one week the Adams was locked out of the Mainway  
location. John Dow said to contact Fascio because Fascio was in charge. Fascio  
made arrangements for Adams to pick up Suncastle’s assets, books and records. At  
first Fascio was cooperative. Shortly after, he indicated he received several emails  
from Fascio. These have been made Exhibit # 130. They are rather threatening  
emails about money that is supposedly owed to Fascio. Adams said he was startled  
to see this as he figured Fascio would be upset because they were no longer  
advancing funds to him, but he did not expect that Fascio would be this upset.  
Adams indicated that he found out after the fact that Fascio was on Majestic’s board  
of directors which was a breach of Fascio’s contract.  
[
712]  
In 2008 Adams brought three lawsuits to recover the equipment belonging  
to Suncastle that was leased to Majestic as well as individual lawsuits against both  
Fascio and Bishop.  
[
713]  
Adams testified that MCP was a company that was set up in Barbados to  
take advantage of favourable tax laws. MCP was to manufacture the cartridges and  
the filling lines that were to be designed by Fascio. Adams indicated that it was  
John Dow, Mary Kricfalusi Carlo Fascio and himself that were behind this company.  
Adams was planning on moving to Barbados to set up the manufacturing aspect of  
MCP. Adams indicated that because Fascio failed to deliver the products there was  
nothing to manufacture and therefore the project was abandoned after they had  
spent a significant amount of money on it.  
[
714]  
Exhibit #131 is dated March 30, 2007. Adams testified that he had  
reviewed this document after it was signed and completed and that he was briefly  
involved in negotiations for this agreement although it is signed by Mary Kricfalusi,  
and Fascio. The contract is for consulting services and settlement of debt as  
Suncastle owed Fascio money.  
[
715]  
Adams went on to indicate that Suncastle had hired Fascio to design and  
fabricate the heat curing device and the eighteen head refilling line and that $8480  
166 —  
had been paid to Fascio. Adams also indicated that he believed that $19,000 and  
the shares that are mentioned in paragraph 3 of Exhibit #131 had been paid to  
Fascio. Fascio guaranteed that the design of these two things was within the scope  
of his expertise and that he could complete them within the timelines set out.  
Adams therefore believed that he was getting the heating device and the 18 head  
filling device and neither were ever delivered by Fascio.  
th  
[
716]  
Exhibit #132 is a document dated October 9 , 2007. Adams indicated that  
the handwriting on page two of this document is his. It was signed by Adams and  
Fascio. Adams testified that he was involved in the negotiations for this agreement.  
Adams testified that Suncastle agreed to give Fascio an extension to complete the  
projects because Fascio had completed nothing at this point. Adams testified that  
the payment stipulated in clause three was paid to Fascio at a later date. However,  
according to Adams, Fascio never completed the work indicated in clauses four and  
six of the contract.  
[
717]  
Exhibit #133 is a document also dated October 9, 2007. It is an agreement  
between MCP and Crafter’s Pride which is Fascio’s company. It was signed by  
Fascio and Jeffrey Lipton. Adams described Lipton the lawyer that acted for multiple  
companies in Barbados.  
[
718]  
Exhibit #133 was an agreement to finance the final development of the ink  
cartridge. Fascio had promised completion of the cartridge and claimed that he had  
the provisional patent for it. This agreement was to develop the cartridge for use  
with HP printers. The cartridge was supposed to be designed to be recycled 1500  
times and the major components could be obtained from local landfill sites. If  
successfully developed Adams claimed that it would have given them a huge  
competitive advantage.  
[
719]  
Adams testified that Fascio had detected a problem with the D5 cartridge  
that they were obtaining form the company in Korea. Fascio then came up with a  
provisional prototype cartridge and filed a provisional patent for a new cartridge.  
167 —  
According to Adams Fascio then came to him and wanted payment for the final  
development of the cartridge. Adams indicated that the payment provision was in  
clause 3 of Exhibit #133 and that they had complied with the term of the agreement  
from their perspective.  
[
720]  
Adams testified that he was not involved in the negotiation of Exhibit # 133.  
It was Bishop who negotiated this agreement and Adams had agreed to fund the  
project if it passed scrutiny.  
[
721]  
Adams testified that MCP that was involved in this because Bishop  
suggested it. Bishop also told Adams that Fascio had an offshore company that  
could buffer potential legal problems.  
[
722]  
Adams indicated that the completed cartridge was never delivered to MCP.  
Even at the time of the contract which is Exhibit # 133 they had doubts regarding  
Fascio because of the heater and the filling line not being completed by him. Adams  
indicated that Fascio broke every contractual aspect of the agreement.  
[
723]  
Exhibit #134 was also dated October 9, 2007. Clause 4 of the contract  
indicated that Fascio was to provide a working prototype of the cartridge with the  
encryption chip. They never got this or any of the other technologies referred to in  
the contract.  
[
724]  
Exhibit #135 is dated November 15, 2007 It is signed by Mary Kricfalusi and  
Fascio. It was an agreement between Crafter’s Pride and Suncastle. The heating  
device and the filling line were never completed. Both the heating device and the  
filling line were to be the intellectual property of Suncastle. This was because  
Suncastle took all the risks. Once the technologies were perfected Majestic had all  
the North American rights to market, distribute and sell them.  
[
725]  
Adams was clear in his evidence that there was no guarantee of anything  
being perfected because it was still in the research and development stage. Adams  
also indicated that he never guaranteed to any investor that the heating process was  
168 —  
complete or would be complete within a short period of time.  
[
726]  
Adams testified as follows regarding Majestic:  
Q. We’ve got investment, a significant amount of money, going into  
Majestic, and yet Suncastle is doing the research and development. Why  
is Majestic getting money? Why is Majestic getting investment?  
A. Majestic neededwhen I resigned from Majestic you had a total turn-  
key operation; it had product, bank line, it had no ... Suncastle was carrying  
the debt. Majestic needed money to go to market. Against my advice,  
Majestic became heavily involved in trying to private-brand the productand  
that became very expensive; they started going at trade shows, they hired  
sales people, and they just decided that their main target they were gonna’  
focus on was HP, and they picked on a big boy and they went after their  
business.  
Q. You say Majestic had product?  
A. Correct.  
Q. What did they have to sell?  
A. They had a variety of inks that I imported from Staedtler in Germany  
that fit and were usable. I wouldthey were designed by Staedtler to work  
with every water-based and pigment-based printer in the market, and there  
was about nine major players at that time and somewhere between 70,000  
to 90,000 printers that used these types of inks.  
[
727]  
It should be noted that this is contrary to his earlier evidence which seems  
to more accurately reflect Majestic’s financial state when Adams described it as  
everything was “caving in” and Majestic “was finished” unless Adams managed to  
get more money in.”  
[
728]  
It should also be noted that Majestic did not really have the profitable  
products Adams portrayed in that they only had inks from Staedtler that anyone  
could buy and they had the D5 cartridge which according to their dealings with the  
Florida company was defective in some fashion. So Majestic was really had nothing  
special to offer and as De Souza noted really had no significant business process in  
169 —  
place.  
729]  
[
Adams testified that Exhibit #136 was to assign the technologies from  
Fascio and his company with respect to both the filling line and the heating device in  
order to obtain a provisional patent once the work was completed on these  
technologies. Adams indicated that Fascio refused to sign without being paid more  
money. Adams described this as Fascio demanding insane amounts of money over  
and above the contract. As a result they did not get the required documentation  
from Fascio.  
[
730] Adams testified about what he said to investors as follows at page 24 of the  
transcript of December 6, 2013:  
Anyone that I spoke to, that I was responsiblethat put money into  
Majestic, did so with the full knowledge that we were looking to perfect the  
system; they knew that we were associated with Staedtler ink  declared  
that up front because it was great credentials  and they knew it was kind  
of iffy, everything was in the evolving stages, and these were friends that I  
had known.  
[
731]  
Adams testified that Majestic started to fail in early March of 2008. Adams  
said that he was getting frustrated that the heater and the filling line were not done.  
Shahnazarian had given a copy of the email from Staedtler to him that he had  
showed to Bishop and Fascio to hopefully prevent further delays in the development  
of the products that Fascio was supposed to produce because those delays were  
th  
th  
hurting everyone. Adams said that around the 10 to the 15 of March 2008 he was  
locked out of the premises at Bishop’s direction.  
[
732]  
Adams testified that he wanted Suncastle’ s assets and that they had to go  
through Fascio to get them. So he contacted Fascio to see what was going on. He  
said there was a flurry of emails with Fascio demanding an additional $450,000, and  
various threats were sent. Adams said that Suncastle had been paying Fascio for  
the heater, the filling line and the cartridge. This had been funded by John Dow,  
Kricfalusi, and Adams on behalf of MCP. Adams indicated that he met Fascio at the  
170 —  
airport to figure out what was going on and Fascio told him he had 48 hours to pay  
450,000 or he would destroy every one of them. Adams also said Fascio  
$
threatened him by saying that if he did not pay he would not be able to walk out on  
his own two legs. He met Fascio later on in the afternoon. Both Fascio and Bishop  
were there. They accused Adams of stealing money and they Adams had used the  
money to pay off his own mortgage and Kricfalusi’s mortgage. They ended up going  
with three trucks to pick up their stuff at the end of March 2008 but Chilleli refused to  
let them in. They had to wait for Fascio. Fascio showed up and let them in but their  
records were all over the place including digital records In addition, books and  
records were gone and the printers were gone. Fascio said they were holding them  
due to his investment as Fascio had apparently invested through Bishop. Adams  
noted that in November 2007 Fascio had been appointed to the board of directors of  
Majestic. Adams testified that they never got the printers back. Fascio kept them.  
There was a court order obtained but by then the printers were disposed of. The  
litigation went on until November 2009 when Adams said he had to abandon the  
lawsuit. Fascio had disposed of all the assets. He indicated that after 2008 he  
continued to be threatened a number of times by Fascio.  
[
733] Finally Adams concluded that he not lie to Laureen Rogers. He did not lie  
to John Lynch. He did not lie regarding Majestic’s and Suncastle’s technologies.  
[
734] In cross-examination Adams disagreed that Suncastle and Majestic were  
not at arm’s length with respect to each other.  
[
735]  
Adams indicated that he initially ran both companies and that he was  
initially the controlling mind of both companies but that he stopped being the  
controlling mind of Majestic as of November 2006 when he was removed from  
Majestic’s board of directors.  
[
736]  
Regarding Suncastle, Adams testified that Mary Kricfalusi was running this  
company but that Adams made decisions regarding research and development in  
that he coordinated and put together the research and development projects and put  
171 —  
people in charge of those projects. He indicated that everybody had input and that  
often it would be himself, Kricfalusi or someone else who would sign up on the  
projects.  
[
737]  
Adams did agree that all the investors in these companies lost all of their  
money.  
[
738]  
Adams testified that from 2006 until the present that he owned at least 20%  
of Suncastle’s shares.  
[
739]  
Adams testified that Dale Hicks did the entries into the books and was the  
bookkeeper but that Tony Deluca was the accountant. When Adams was asked if  
Hicks did the books for both Majestic and Suncastle he indicated that she had done  
them along with Rob Dash and Mary Kricfalusi. Adams disputed that Hicks took  
instructions from him regarding both companies.  
[
740]  
Adams agreed that Tom Brown was the counsel for both companies but  
that several people instructed Tom Brown. It was never explained how one lawyer  
could act for two companies that were at arm’s length with each other.  
[
741]  
Regarding Majestic Adams indicated that he was not the boss of Majestic  
until November 2006 when he resigned from the board of directors. Adams testified  
that it was a group effort and everyone had input. Adams did agree that he had  
financed the start-up of Majestic. In mid- summer of 2006 Adams indicated that he  
had limited participation due to his sickness.  
[
742]  
Adams did not recall who created the company, Decorative Impressions. In  
July 2004 Adams son, Chad, who was 19 years old, was an officer of Decorative  
Impressions when it was incorporated. Adams said his son had a graphic design  
background and when it was suggested that he was the power behind this company  
he responded, “I guess”.  
[
743]  
Adams was asked about the Suncastle group of companies and he seemed  
172 —  
to be vague about this which is unusual since the companies in the Suncastle group  
of companies were, Suncastle, Majestic, Decorative Impression and Artistique. It  
was pointed out to him and he agreed that the one person in common to all 4  
companies was himself.  
However, the following exchange illustrates the  
evasiveness of his answers on this point.  
Q. Well, let’s see. Who, who’s in common — well, let’s see — the, the  
company, Artistique, whose company…  
A. I’m sorry, who’d you say?  
Q. …was that? There was a company called “Artistique” or “Artistic  
Impressions” or something along those lines. Is that your, is that your  
company as well?  
A. I’m sorry, do you have the spelling of that company? Sorry, are you  
referring to Artistic Impressions?  
Q. Yes, whose company was that?  
A. That was a company that was formed but never used.  
Q. By whom?  
A. My ... the accountants, ‘cause we were trying to generate multiple  
revenue streams.  
Q. I’m sorry, I didn’t hear the answer. By whom?  
A. That was a suggestion by the accountant when we were looking at  
incorporating multiple revenue streams and not competing with the very  
competition we were trying to sell to the inks.  
Q. You, you understand when I ask you a straight, a straight forward….  
A. I’m tryna’ tell you. I—you know, you asked me a question; I’m sorry, I  
don’t remember, but that company, I’m positive, was never—it was formed  
but it was never active.  
Q. Okay. And who formed it? Not who suggested it, who formed it?  
A. I honestly can’t remember; maybe it was me. I honestly can’t  
remember.  
Q. “Artistique Distribution Inc.” “Artistique Distribution Inc.”  
A. I’m sorry, I don’t remember it. Does it have my name on it?  
Q. It sure does.  
A. That’s fine. Does it say I incorporated it?  
Q. It sure does.  
A. May I see that?  
Q. Yes, we’ll get it printed for you.  
A. Not being evasive; just so I can give you a proper answer.  
173 —  
Q. But you’re telling me that you incorporated a company and don’t  
remember?  
A. I have gone through seven years and it is pretty hard to remember all  
the inner workings in and out.  
[
744]  
On a later court date Adams was shown Exhibit #139 which is the corporate  
documentation for Artistique. The document indicates that Adams was the president  
and the secretary of that company.  
[
745]  
It should be noted that this is a prime example of Adams being very vague  
when he perceives that a fact is not favourable to him while at other times giving  
very detailed and quickly remembered answers when his perception is that the  
evidence will assist his cause.  
[
746]  
Adams ultimately agreed that it stood to reason that he had created the  
Suncastle group of companies. Adams also agreed that the four companies had a  
common goal and that he had input until he stepped down when his health started to  
get bad.  
[
747] Adams testified that in November 2006 he left Majestic but had stayed on in  
a limited capacity to finish research and development.  
[
748]  
Adams was asked about the business plan that is labelled Suncastle Group  
of Companies Adams said he had no input to the business plan and then  
subsequently said he had some input but that “changed all over.”  
[
749]  
Adams testified that he founded Majestic in that it was his concept but that  
it was put together by Rob Dash, Kricfalusi, Shahanzarian and himself. Majestic  
initially was the numbered company owned by Tom Brown. It was amalgamated  
with Decorative Impression on April 1, 2006 and this was a decision made by the  
group of them.  
[
750] Adams maintained that he did not hire the people that worked there and  
that the decision to hire Steve Bishop was made by a group of people including  
174 —  
Chilleli, Dash, Kricfalusi, Shahnazarian and Adams. Adams testified that Bishop  
was wrong when he testified that it was Adams that hired him. Adams testified that  
Chilleli had found Socholotiuk to work on the printers and that Adams had hired him  
with the consent of the board of directors. With respect to Arvanitis, Adams  
indicated that he did not hire him and that is was Kricfalusi who had hired him to  
straighten the books out but that he had input into his hiring. Adams testified that  
Arvanitis was mistaken concerning Adams hiring him.  
[
751]  
Adams said that Dale Hicks was also mistaken regarding her evidence that  
Adams had given her instructions regarding both companies Adams said that it was  
a group effort and that Hicks reported to Dash, Kricfalusi and Deluca.  
[
752]  
Adams denied that the sale of Majestic and Suncastle shares were under  
his direction. In particular, he denied that the sales of Majestic’s treasury shares  
were under his direction. He agreed that Majestic shares sold by Suncastle were  
partly under his direction.  
[
753] Adams indicated Hicks was mistaken regarding Majestic cheques being  
issued at Adams’ direction.  
[
754]  
Adams testified that he did not lead investors to believe that he was in  
charge of both companies notwithstanding their evidence to the contrary. He did  
admit that he was very instrumental in running of Majestic until he resigned in  
November 2006.  
[
755]  
Adams testified that he did not understand the Ontario Securities Act  
regulations and that he had relied on advice from the lawyer Tom Brown and Steven  
Bishop.  
[
756]  
Adams testified that between 2005 and 2007 he did not really understand  
what a prospectus was and he did not understand that you couldn’t sell shares  
without a prospectus or having an exemption. He indicated that his understanding  
of an accredited investor was a person who had over $300,000 per year in income  
175 —  
or $2 million net worth. He indicated that he now knows that you have to file a  
prospectus if you are going to sell shares.  
[
757]  
Adams testified that he had dealt with Laureen Rogers but that he did not  
have her sign any accredited investor form at the time of her investment and if  
Rogers said that he did that, than she is mistaken. Adams had “no idea” how it  
came about that Rogers had signed an accredited investor form.  
[
758]  
It should be noted that this appears to be a blatant fabrication on Adams  
behalf. Finally, by his own admission, he has agreed that he dealt with Rogers  
concerning her investment as she stipulated in her evidence. There is absolutely no  
reason for Rogers to lie about Adams participation in completing the accredited  
investor form while Adams must deny this if his professed ignorance of the Ontario  
Securities Act regulations is to have any credibility.  
[
759]  
Adams testified that he was told the following by Tom Brown and Steve  
Bishop.  
Q. Okay. So you were aware that those rules and regulations existed?  
A. I was aware of what I was told at the time, which was we were allowed  
to approach up to 49 people, and only 25 non-accredited could participate,  
and unlimited amount of credited investors could participate. I was not  
advised to do a prospectus.  
[
760]  
Adams testified that he believed, at the time, on the advice of Tom Brown,  
that they could have up to 49 shareholders and not have to file a prospectus but that  
only 25 of those shareholders could be non-accredited investors. Adams agreed  
that he specifically told the police that “I, I never let it get past 49”  
[
761] Adams was then asked if he had taken multiple steps to stay under 49 to  
avoid filing a prospectus.  
[
762]  
It should be noted that Adams testimony on this issue is very circuitous and  
he often provided indirect and vague answers to direct questions. Adams resisted  
making any admissions regarding Holdco and that he only “vaguely” remembered  
Holdco.  
176 —  
[
763]  
It should also be noted that Holdco was a company with numerous  
individual shareholders that was a shareholder of Majestic when Adams resigned  
from the board of directors in November 2006.  
[
764]  
Adams went on to indicate that he believed Holdco was a single  
shareholder for prospectus purposes with respect to Majestic, that he did not know  
the infrastructure of Holdco and that it was a single shareholder as classified by Tom  
Brown. He indicated some of his Majestic shares were given to people involved in  
Holdco because those people had done work for Majestic and so it was  
compensation for the work that they had done.  
[
765]  
It should be noted that Adams evidence on this issue totally lacks credibility.  
Adams was very clearly in control of Majestic, at the very least until November 2006,  
and Holdco was part of Majestic well before that. Adams went from only vaguely  
remembering Holdco and barely knowing about its infrastructure to conceding that  
he had provided Majestic shares to Holdco shareholders and that he had been  
advised by his lawyer that Holdco should be classified as a single shareholder for  
Majestic’s purposes concerning the Ontario Securities Act regulations. Of course,  
Adams had a motive in providing his evidence on this issue. Like the accredited  
investor form any admission by Adams that he was trying to circumvent, albeit the  
wrongly perceived rule regarding 49 shareholders, to avoid filing a prospectus belies  
his stated ignorance of the Ontario Securities Act regulations.  
[
766]  
Adams testified that M.C.P. was formed as a hedge against patent issues  
and in order to take advantage of certain tax benefits. They were going to transfer  
all of the rights in the filling lines to M.C.P. and Majestic would have the right to  
distribute the filling lines in North America. However, the intellectual property rights  
regarding the filling line were to go to M.C.P. The cartridges for the filling line never  
belonged to Suncastle as they were financed through M.C.P.  
[
767] Adams testified that M.C.P. had been set up shortly after the licence had  
been negotiated with Fascio and the cartridge that Fascio was going to create was  
177 —  
being developed in Barbados to avoid patent issues and to save costs. Adams  
indicated that he did not recall when M.C.P. was started, but it was after he had  
resigned from Majestic and there were problems with the D5 cartridge after Fascio  
was hired.  
[
768]  
Therefore, there were agreements between Suncastle and Crafter’s Pride  
which was Fascio’s company. These are apparently detailed in Exhibit #131 which  
is dated March of 2007. The three contracts were for the heating device, the filling  
line and for a new cartridge. The heating device and the filling line were to belong to  
Suncastle.  
[
769]  
Jeff Lipton was the lawyer for M.C.P. and he set up the company with the  
assistance of John Dow. Adams admitted that he was one of the founders of M.C.P.  
along with John Dow, Mary Kricfalusi and Carlo Fascio. Adams also partially funded  
M.C.P. as he liked the concept. The plan was that the main purpose of M.C.P. was  
to fund the cartridge being produced by Fascio.  
[
770]  
Fascio failed to meet the contract regarding the filling lines and  
subsequently Fascio and Bishop came and asked Adams to fund the new cartridge  
project as it was not within Suncastle’s mandate. There was some discussion,  
therefore, regarding the filling line being transferred to M.C.P. That was not  
ultimately done. When Adams was asked how Suncastle was compensated for the  
filling line, he indicated that Suncastle was going to be compensated, but that never  
materialized and that there was no signed contract in that regard.  
[
771]  
On the second day of cross-examination Adams indicated that he was not  
making sense of the questions regarding Majestic on the previous day he was in  
court because he had been in incredible pain and nothing was making sense to him  
that day. It should be noted that this impressed as recognition, even by Adams,  
concerning the unreliability of his evidence and of the need to somehow explain  
away the problem areas in his evidence thus far.  
178 —  
[
772]  
Adams testified that after he resigned from Majestic he was not the  
controlling mind of Majestic and, prior to that, that he was only one of the people in  
charge in that Majestic functioned as a group by ruled by majority. When he was  
asked about everyone else pointing to him as being in charge, he indicated that he  
disputed that and that after he resigned he had no control over Majestic.  
[
773]  
On the controlling mind issue, Adams was asked about Dale Hicks and he  
indicated that he only made cheque requests to her after he had spoken to Bishop,  
that he never told Hicks how to enter things in the books and that he had nothing to  
do with the books whatsoever. Adams also testified that he had loaned Majestic  
money and he wanted to make sure that it was on the books. The only time that he  
gave Hicks direction was when it involved his own money and that he did not give  
her direction regarding any shareholder loans.  
[
774]  
Also on the controlling mind issue, Adams was asked about Thomas Brown  
and Exhibit #139. Adams indicated that Brown was the lawyer for Suncastle and  
Majestic, but he was not the lawyer for M.C.P. Although Brown had some input, he  
was not the lawyer for M.C.P., but Brown had attended the meeting with the lawyer,  
Lipton. Adams was then shown Exhibit #139, which is a document dated January 2,  
2008. He indicated that it was his handwriting on the document and that he gave his  
input, but he wouldn’t say he gave direction. He indicated that Tom Brown was the  
lawyer for Majestic, but that his input was for M.C.P. He indicated that he had never  
dealt with the lawyer Lipton regarding M.C.P.  
[
775]  
It should be noted that Adams is clearly giving direction to Thomas Brown,  
who is Majestic’s lawyer regarding the contents of this contract. It is a clear  
indication, notwithstanding Adams protestations to the contrary, that Adams  
remained the directing mind and will of Majestic until it stopped functioning in the  
spring of 2008. It should further be noted that Adams evidence on this point, if  
believed, would be an admission of a startling conflict of interest. Adams had a  
consulting agreement with Majestic and yet he was giving advice and input on  
behalf of M.C.P. which was a company initiated by Adams and some other people on  
179 —  
an agreement involving both companies.  
776] On the same controlling mind issue Adams was shown Exhibit #140. This  
[
is a copy of a cheque dated June 15, 2006. On this copy Adams wrote “purchase  
shares.” He indicated that he told Hicks where the cheque had come from and what  
it was for. Similarly, Adams was shown Exhibit #141, which is dated November 17,  
2006. Adams indicated that Hicks had asked him where the money came from and  
he had told her, but did not tell her where to post it. It should be noted that the  
accused had resigned the day before from Majestic’s board of directors so this  
direction was given when he was no longer on Majestic’s board of directors.  
[
777]  
Adams explanation for this was that Dale Hicks was trying to match  
cheques to dollars and she asked everybody. Adams just happened to know the  
answer because he had raised money for it.  
[
778]  
Adams was then shown Exhibit #142, which is a cheque to Majestic from a  
Gary McClure in the amount of $50,000. Written on it is the notation “purchase of  
st  
stock at $1 equals $50,000”. It is dated December the 1 , 2006 which is after  
Adams had resigned from the Board of Directors. Adams indicated that he knew  
Bishop had brought this person into the company and that it was his writing on the  
bottom of the cheque. Adams explained that Dale Hicks had come to him and to  
others and that she had run to everybody. She had also gone to Dash, Mary  
Kricfalusi and Bishop to ask how to post the cheque.  
[
779]  
It should be noted that Exhibit #142 is another example of Majestic’s  
bookkeeper, Dale Hicks, coming to Adams to get direction as to how this money  
should be entered in Majestic’s books after Adams had resigned from Majestic’s  
Board of Directors and it is also indicative regarding Adams being the directing mind  
and will of Majestic..  
[
780] Adams testified that he negotiated the people to do the contracts regarding  
research and development once they had all agreed to it. The stretcher was done  
180 —  
by Dan Leblanc, the spooler by Rob Biegerl. Fascio was the heating device and the  
filling line. Yaworski was engaged to develop a conveyor system that they could  
spool media from large sized rolls, reduce those rolls and repackage them.  
[
781]  
Adams indicated that William Stark was employed by Suncastle. Adams  
testified that he had chosen Stark with everyone’s consent. All of Stark’s interviews  
were done one on one with each person working on the project and Adams testified  
that had no input into this. Adams indicated his job was basically to marry the right  
person to the project and to periodically check on it. The accused indicated that he  
had chosen Stark with everyone’s consent.  
[
782]  
Adams testified that he was aware how people were going to be  
compensated by way of a certain amount of cash and a certain amount of shares  
and that he had done the actual negotiations with these people with the consent of  
the majority and so was aware that shares were being provided to these people by  
way of compensation.  
[
783]  
Adams also admitted that he knew how Steve Bishop was going to get paid  
and that was by way of shares. Adams also agreed that he had made arrangements  
to pay Bishop, Suspendaire and Danny Leblanc in shares in the early part of 2006.  
Adams was then questioned about these three shareholders putting them over the  
50 limit at the meeting in November of 2006 when he resigned. This was his  
response.  
Q. Okay. So Mr. Brown told you, 1) that founders don’t count; 2) that  
anybody given shares for services doesn’t count, and 3) that you could  
group all the Holdco shareholders into one thing and count it as, as one, is  
that correct? Mr. Brownaccording to you, Tom Brown told you all those  
three things?  
A. I would say that’s a fair assumption.  
Q. I’m not assuming anything; I’m taking this directly from your mouth. Is it  
an assumption or is it a fact?  
A. It’s fact.  
[
784]  
It should be noted that in his evidence Brown denied that he had told  
Adams that founding members did not count towards the 50 limit and he was also  
181 —  
clear that he told Adams that he was not advising him regarding securities matters  
as he did not know much about securities law. Of course, this is another indication  
that Adams had some basic awareness of the Ontario Securities Act regulations and  
did very little to genuinely comply with these regulations before selling shares to  
members of the public. Adams recklessly went ahead with the sale of these shares  
bypassing the Ontario Securities Act regulations which are in place to specifically  
protect the public from this type of unsubstantiated business venture.  
[
785] When Adams was asked whose idea the loan and conversion agreements  
were, he indicated that Tom Brown made the documents.  
[
786]  
It was pointed out to Adams that there were 49 transactions using the loan  
and conversion agreements and that 33 of those 49 times were times when Adams  
was selling Majestic shares from his own personal holdings. Adams was asked if he  
did these transactions so that they would not be considered a trade in securities and  
he denied that. Adams did agree that it was never the investor’s idea to use the  
loan and conversion agreement.  
[
787] Adams went on to indicate that if Majestic had succeeded, that he had the  
option to buy back the shares, but it became impossible.  
[
788]  
It should be noted that Adams evidence on this point is clearly not what the  
loan conversion agreement says so his previous answer did not make sense at all.  
Adams then indicated clearly at page 47 and 48 of the transcript of December 9,  
2013 that he knew exactly what the loan conversion agreement was, so it begs the  
question of why, on page 46, he indicated that he had the option to buy back the  
shares and to pay the investors back. Finally at Page 48 of the transcript, Adams  
completed the flip flop:  
Q. Okay. This is what I heard their evidence to be, almostwell, actually,  
completely consistently throughout I believe every one of them said, “My  
intention right from the beginning was to invest and to buy shares; I have  
no idea why this was done through a loan”. Are you saying, are you saying  
that one or more of them is not accurate in their testimony and they  
actually wanted a loan?  
182 —  
A. Based on the people that you interviewed and based on the people that  
I directly invested, the ones that I did wanted withthe loan with the  
shares. Those….  
Q. Wanted what?  
A. They wanted the loan with the collateral of the shares; they wanted the  
option to see where the company was going. The people that testified here  
that wanted shares, they got their shares.  
[
789]  
It should also be noted that not one investor who testified at the trial said  
that they wanted to use the loan conversion agreement.  
[
790] Adams testified that he did not understand how the accredited investor  
scheme worked until he was charged by the Ontario Securities Commission. Adams  
indicated that before the Ontario Securities Commission proceedings he understood  
that you could raise funds from up to 50 people and sell to only 25 people that were  
not accredited investors. Adams testified that he believed that there was no  
limitation as to people that were accredited, there was no restriction as to services  
rendered for exchange of shares and there was no restriction as to founders.  
[
791] According to Adams, at the time, he thought an accredited investor required  
1 million or more of income and $5 million or more net worth, but he testified that  
$
he has come to understand that the threshold is much lower than that. Adams  
initially indicated that it was after the police interview that he went online and began  
sourcing what an accredited investor was. Adams then changed that evidence and  
said that during his interview with the police he told them what he believed an  
accredited investor was based on what he had already sourced, but that information  
was clearly wrong. At page 53 of the transcript he is asked why he initially, a few  
minutes prior, said that he looked it up because he had been brought in for a police  
interview and he now changed that and testified that it was after the lawsuits began  
that he looked up to see what his recourses were and that was when he checked  
what an accredited investor was.  
[
792] At Page 54 Adams was asked, when he was having investors prepare the  
accredited investor certificate, what his belief was in terms of what it meant to be an  
183 —  
accredited investor. This was his vague, non-responsive answer:  
Q. Okay. So let’s go back. At the time that you were having investors  
prepare these accredited investor certificates, what was your belief as to  
what it meant to be an accredited investor?  
A. Anybody that signed the accredited investor’s certificate, that was with  
Mr. Bishop; other people that I brought in personally were friends, business  
associates, which was perfectly legal, they had a high net worth, they were  
business associates or close friends or family. I believed at the time, and I  
still believe, that I complied with all the existing rules and regulations  
[
793]  
Adams denied that the reason he had the accredited investor certificates  
done by a number of investors was because it would allow him to avoid registering  
with the Ontario Securities Commission. He indicated that he did not file any of the  
accredited investor certificates with the Ontario Securities Commission because it  
was after he resigned and had no part of that.  
[
794]  
At page 56 of the transcript he indicated that Laurene Rogers was a non-  
accredited investor that fit within the group of 50 that did not need to be an  
accredited investor. Adams denied that Rogers had filled out an accredited investor  
form, notwithstanding that it was filed as an exhibit at the trial. Adams denied that  
he told Laurene Rogers to sign it and that it was just a formality.  
[
795] Adams did agree that none of the accredited investors were, in fact, true  
accredited investors.  
[
796]  
Adams was asked about Majestic having three technologies, the ink, the  
continuous ink system and the coating. He indicated there was also the filling line,  
the heating device and the D5 cartridge. He denied that a coating was ever a part of  
it. Adams indicated that there was no Souken coating, to his knowledge. Adams  
also denied that he ever talked to anybody about a Souken coating.  
[
797]  
Adams denied ever seeing any of Majestic’s business plans. He denied  
ever reviewing any of the business plans with any of the investors. He indicated that  
he went through the concept of what Majestic was with investors using the  
blackboard and that at no time did he use a business plan. He indicated that when  
184 —  
he left the company that they were working on a business plan, but at the time that  
he resigned there was no business plan being circulated, that everything was  
conceptual and that they were trying to meet multiple targets. He denied having any  
input into the business plan and indicated that he did not review them or read them  
and he was not aware of what was in them.  
[
798]  
Adams denied that he told any investors that Noel Shahnazarian had  
developed souken ink. He also denied that he told investors that Shahnazarian  
added a polymer to souken ink. He further stated that Shahnazarian had no role in  
the creation of souken ink and he reiterated that Shahnazarian did not add a  
polymer to it and did not create it. Adams then went on to indicate that with respect  
to the investors who had said that, that they were inaccurate.  
[
799]  
Adams testified that he told investors that Majestic was to be the marketing  
arm with Suncastle setting up the products. Adams testified that he told investors  
that Suncastle had hired and paid three people to create the heating device to cure  
the ink and to use his words, “he spelled this out for everybody”.  
[
800]  
Adams indicated that the posters at Suncastle were printed by Carlos  
Toscano and they were not printed using either souken ink or lumo color ink. These  
posters were of celebrities like Jennifer Anniston, Britney Spears and Shania Twain.  
He indicated that he did not tell people that the posters were printed in souken ink.  
[
801]  
Adams denied telling Bishop or any investors that patents existed for  
souken ink. He was specifically asked about Rudko and Bilocerkowec regarding  
their comments about patents and he indicated that the only conversation he had  
about this with them was once they had perfected the system they would patent it.  
He was asked about the business plan and indicated that he had no input into the  
business plan and that the ink had no patents. He agreed that neither Suncastle nor  
Majestic in fact had any patents.  
[
802]  
Adams testified with respect to exclusivity regarding souken ink and he  
185 —  
indicated that he believed that they had exclusive rights to the North American  
market. He then indicated that he found out after the fact that they did not have it.  
He indicated that Staedtler had been supportive all the way through.  
[
803]  
It should be noted that in reality Staedtler was not that supportive. The two  
contracts between Staedtler and Suncastle were heavily laden in Staedtler’s favour.  
The only technical assistance was the comment from the Staedtler representative  
when he came to Canada that they “were on the right track.”  
[
804]  
When Adams was asked when he understood that they did not have  
exclusivity he had first testified that it was in 2011 or 2012. When the Crown  
attempted to pin him down and pointed out that his counsel had asked questions  
suggesting they had exclusivity during the initial stages of the trial Adams indicated  
that he had misunderstood the Crown’s question and that to this day in his heart he  
believed that they had an exclusive agreement based on the contract which is  
Exhibit #103, which is the confidentiality agreement, the technical support from  
Staedtler and the business relationship they had with Staedtler. Adams finally  
conceded that it was at some point during the trial that he realized that they did not  
have exclusivity rights beyond the very limited private label exclusivity in Exhibit #  
105. Then he reversed field again and he indicated that he still believed they had  
exclusivity notwithstanding that the evidence at trial seems to indicate otherwise. He  
said this was because of the contract which is Exhibit #103. When he was asked to  
point out where in Exhibit #103, which is the confidentiality agreement, it mentions  
exclusivity he of course, was not able to do so. Adams finally agreed that the  
contract clearly doesn’t specify that there was any exclusivity at all. He then  
indicated that he relied on Shahnazarian and Tom Brown because they had  
reviewed the contracts and he believed they had exclusivity because of the  
relationship they had with Staedtler.  
[
805]  
Adams then reiterated that he firmly believed that they had exclusivity but  
also testified that he did not tell that to any investors as an incentive for them to  
invest. This is notwithstanding that earlier in his evidence, during one of his  
186 —  
rambling answers, Adams had indicated that during this time period, in late 2005  
and into 2006, that, “We were desperately in need of money”. Adams testified that  
the ink was only a minor component and that they did not tell anyone about  
exclusivity based on the confidentiality agreement.  
[
806]  
It should be noted that this seems to be in contradiction to Adams  
repeatedly saying during his evidence that they openly told people about their  
relationship with Staedtler because it added credibility to them. He then said that he  
believed the exclusivity was based on the two contracts, Exhibit #103 and #105 and  
the relationship they had with Staedtler. He then changed his mind again and said  
that Exhibit #105 was in fact not part of his belief.  
[
807]  
It should be noted that Adams contradicted himself about the degree of  
exclusivity, he contradicted himself regarding the basis for his purported belief in  
exclusivity and he contradicted himself about when he found out that he did not  
have an exclusivity agreement. Any claim for exclusivity seems ridiculous in light of  
the clear language that is expressed in Exhibit #103 which is the confidentiality  
agreement and Exhibit #105 which does not even mention lumo color ink. Even with  
respect to the other inks, Exhibit #105 only gives them exclusivity vis a vis what they  
market in their own name. It clearly leaves it open for Staedtler to sell any inks they  
want to other companies and those other companies can sell it under the label of  
their choosing.  
[
808]  
Finally, it should be noted that it is clear that Adams “firmly believed” that he  
had exclusivity with respect to the lumo color ink although there was no basis in fact  
for this belief. However, Adams denied that he told investors that he had exclusivity.  
This does not make sense. Majestic required funds to develop the heating process  
and to stay in business. If Adams believed he had exclusivity regarding the ink this  
would have been a very good selling point for investors and it would be extremely  
unusual for him to not take advantage of this selling point. Adams attempted to  
make it sound like the ink was only a minor component but he ultimately agreed that  
it would have been the ultimate feature had they been able to achieve the goals they  
187 —  
were trying to accomplish in research and development. After all, they had hired  
three separate people to try and perfect the heating device to properly cure the lumo  
color ink. Also as previously noted, at page 26 of the transcript of December 16,  
2013 Adams had indicated that when Bishop was hired on to raise money that, “at  
that time we were desperately in need of money”.  
[
809]  
Adams was asked about Toscano producing an electronically signed  
contract some three weeks after Toscano had returned from Germany. Adams  
believed Toscano went to Germany in 2005 and he maintained that the contract  
Toscano produced was a fake.  
[
810]  
Adams testified that it was he, Mary Kricfalusi and Shahnazarian that went  
to Germany in 2006. He did not recall when in 2006 but he believed it was the  
summer. Adams indicated that Shahnazarian had negotiated the contract with is  
Exhibit #103 in December of 2005. Adams testified that he believed they had the  
exclusivity agreement as of December 2005 notwithstanding that no one from his  
company had met face to face with anyone from Staedtler.  
[
811]  
It should be noted that this is just not believable evidence. If true why would  
Adams have indicated earlier in his evidence that at Christmas 2005 they were very  
frustrated because everything was “just caving in.” An exclusivity agreement for a  
revolutionary new product with a major reputable company in the industry would  
have been cause for celebration. In addition, if Adams really believed he had the  
exclusivity agreement as described for this product it would have been  
unfathomable not to discuss it with investors. They already had a non-disclosure  
agreement with prospective investors so there was no reason not to disclose it to  
that limited group. I find that the two contracts, Exhibits # 103 and #105 were the  
only agreements with Staedtler and that Adams knew full well the very limited extent  
of the exclusivity rights extended by Staedtler. This was a critical business issue for  
Adams so he must have monitored the situation carefully. Adams then embellished  
this very limited exclusivity agreement on standard inks to entice investors to invest  
in Majestic.  
188 —  
[
812]  
Adams testified that he had gone to Germany because they were having  
difficulty perfecting the heating system to cure the ink and so they were invited to  
Germany so that they could be shown what Staedtler had done in this regard.  
Adams testified that the job to perfect the heating system was Toscano’s at first and  
then the printers were damaged and Paul Socholotiuk was brought in to repair the  
printers and try and develop the heater and then Fascio was brought in for this job.  
The best recollection he had was that they’d gone to Germany after Exhibit #105  
had been signed in August of 2006 in order to perfect the heating system and that  
Staedtler made their engineers and chemists available. Suncastle’s general ledger  
which is Exhibit #143 indicates that he was reimbursed in February or March of  
2007 for this trip but he initially said 100 per cent that he didn’t go to Germany in  
2007 and then he indicated that he might be confused and didn’t think he went to  
Germany in 2007.  
[
813] Adams denied that he told Bishop that they had the exclusivity rights to the  
lumo color ink. Adams testified that he told Bishop to do his own due diligence and  
that everything was disclosed to Bishop. Adams testified that it was Bishop that  
approached them so that Bishop could go on the board and that everything was  
talked about. This is the evidence from pages 24 to 26 of the transcript of  
December 16, 2013.  
Q. And you, youone of the things you told us is that you did, you did  
believe that you had exclusivity to the Lumo color ink, right?  
A. Yes.  
Q. So when Steve Bishop tells us that you told him that, he’s not lying;  
that’s, that’s the truth? You did tell him that because you were taking him  
on as your main sales guy; that would be, that would be material, or  
information, he’d need to know?  
A. I made no such representation to Bishop. Bishop spent three months  
doing his due diligence and getting access to every file, books, records, of  
the company; he talked to all employees; he did his own due diligence.  
Everything was disclosed to him since Bishop represented he had  
merchant banks and part of his deal was he had to do a due diligence  
prior.  
Q. So are you telling me that you hired him on, you, you invited him to join  
you, and the one piece that you say could’ve been massive, could’ve been  
a huge sales feature, you failed to tell him, that, “Oh, by the way, we have  
189 —  
exclusivity to this novel, revolutionary ink”?  
A. Again, Mr. Bishop did his own due diligence. We told him what we had,  
we presented the license agreements that we had with D5, the ones with  
Staedtler. There was full disclosure to him. He signed a confidentiality  
agreement. And that was after the group  we did everything by majority  
rules  after everybody agreed to give him the ability to review everything.  
Q. So….  
A. It was Bishop who made his determination.  
Q. Let me get this right. You hired him on, you said, “Mr. Bishop, we’re  
inviting you to join us, we’d like you to come on board; we’re not gonna’ tell  
you anything, here’s all the paperwork, you figure it out for yourself”? Is  
that your evidence?  
A. No, I didn’t say that. I’m saying Mr. Bishop approached us to come on  
board to raise money and take over the management position of the  
company; before doing that, he wanted to do his own due diligence. He  
stated he had several investors that were willing to fund Majestic.  
Q. And as part of that due diligence, you’re saying that he didn’t ask you  
questions?  
A. Well, he asked me questions. We talkedeverything was talked about:  
a system we were trying to develop, the different inks, how they applied to  
different printers. He talked to everyone that was involved in the company.  
He spent months before even sitting down and negotiating to come on  
board with us.  
Q. And when he, when he talked to you, are you saying that you didn’t tell  
him in the course of one conversation with him that Suncastle had the  
exclusive rights to Lumo color?  
A. No, he seen the contract, explained exactly what we were doing. Mr.  
Bishop is not naïve. Mr. Bishop knew everything that we were workin on,  
what we were doing, what we were hoping to achieve, and the obstacles  
we were running into.  
Q. So you were an open book for him?  
A. That was the only way he agreed to raise money, and at that time we  
were desperately in need of money…  
[
814]  
Adams further maintained that he did not discuss exclusivity with other  
people in the company but that they had read the contract and then internally  
discussed this issue although they only discussed what was in the contract. These  
discussions were between Dash, Kricfalusi and Shahnazarian and himself. Adams  
did not discuss exclusivity with Yaworski. He did not know how Yaworski knew  
about this.  
[
815]  
Adams again alleged that Toscano had produced a fake contract that  
190 —  
allegedly was from Staedtler. He provide a number of excuses but he didn’t really  
have a valid explanation as to why when he spoke to the police he made no mention  
that Toscano had lied to them about this contract. When he was asked whether the  
fake contract from Toscano was a central feature Adams indicated that it’s possible  
that he didn’t recall everything and he couldn’t remember 100 percent at the time as  
he had health problems at the time and various other matters that left him  
preoccupied. It was suggested to him that he had no problem with Toscano until  
Toscano testified because he made no mention that Toscano was a liar to the police.  
It should be noted that Adams response was oblique in that he said that he may  
have missed telling the police about Toscano and the fake contract but that Toscano  
almost put them out of business first time around and that Shahnazarian and  
Socholotiuk had testified that they had to repair the printers.  
unresponsive answer which had nothing to do with the question.  
This was an  
[
816]  
Adams was questioned about Toscano’s evidence regarding Staedtler’s  
position that Staedtler was open to the idea of an exclusive agreement with  
Suncastle but Suncastle had to prove themselves first by establishing a consistent  
record of purchasing large quantities of Staedtler inks. Adams’ response to this was  
that they had bought enough ink that Staedtler was offering discounts to them and  
they had met all of their specifications. When Adams went to Germany he had no  
idea how much ink had been purchased but it must have been a sufficient amount to  
be offered a discount by Staedtler.  
[
817]  
It should be noted that Toscano’s evidence on this point aligns with  
common sense. Exclusivity rights were a major bargaining chip for Staedtler and it  
would not be something that would be easily conceded during negotiations without  
some reassurance that the company being granted exclusivity rights would be a  
major purchaser of their inks. Adams, as he often did in his evidence, did not  
answer this question directly. Adams credibility was negatively affected by the  
evidence on this issue.  
[
818]  
According to Adams he didn’t know that Staedtler was selling lumo color ink  
191 —  
to others. He indicated that he was told by Staedtler that they were the only ones  
doing it, which is, attempting to perfect the heating system and the conversion  
process to have the water-based lumo color ink used in the printers which were  
designed to be used with solvent-based inks. Adams explained that he understood  
that no other companies wanted to take on the potential liability of converting the  
solvent-based printers which would result in their warranty being voided. Adams  
was specific that he was not aware that TACA was also buying lumo color ink and he  
disagreed that Toscano had told him that as Toscano had maintained in his  
evidence.  
[
819]  
Adams was asked again about Exhibit #143, which is the general ledger for  
Suncastle. It was pointed out to him that there was evidence that the accounting  
was done on an accrual basis when the expenses occurred. Adams maintained that  
the books were not kept up to date. It should be noted that he took this position  
notwithstanding that earlier in his evidence he had indicated that he had nothing to  
do with the preparation of the books. Adams reiterated that he might have gone to  
Germany in 2007, as expensed in the general ledger, but that sometimes he  
submitted receipts late because the company had no money.  
[
820]  
Adams was shown Exhibit #144, which is a draft contract between  
Suncastle and Staedtler. Adams was asked if this was the draft agreement sent with  
Toscano to Germany in 2005. Toscano in his evidence said the Staedtler had  
refused to agree to this contract and that when he reported that to Adams that  
Adams was furious. Adams maintained that he had never seen this draft contract  
prior to it being shown to him in court during the course of the trial. He maintained  
that he did not instruct Tom Brown regarding this contract.  
[
821]  
Adams acknowledged that that the draft contract is only with respect to  
private label exclusivity. He agreed that the contract left open the possibility that  
other companies could purchase it and sell it under their own private label. Yet  
Adams claimed that he later believed that Staedtler had agreed to complete  
exclusivity. Adams did not have a viable explanation regarding why he believed that  
192 —  
when Suncastle had only initially requested private label exclusivity in the draft  
contract. Adams agreed that if people were told that they were the only ones in  
North America that had the lumo color ink that this would be a lie. Adams also said  
that he never made representations to investors that no one else had souken ink.  
[
822]  
Adams testified that neither himself nor anyone under his direction  
indicated to investors that there was no other water-based ink with the property of  
solvent-based inks on the market. Adams did indicate that the literature may have  
led investors to believe this but this was literature on the website and the brochures  
not the business plan and that he had taken offence to this.  
[
823] Adams agreed that made presentations to potential investors at the request  
of Bishop but they did not use the PowerPoint presentation which is Exhibit #3.  
[
824]  
Adams indicated that he was unaware that the information on Exhibit #3,  
which is the power point presentation, at page two was being disseminated. He did  
not recall when this material was prepared and he did not recall ever seeing it. He  
indicated that he had no input into this, he had no knowledge of this and he had  
nothing to do with this.  
[
825]  
When he was asked what a reasonable person would think of these  
representations that they were the only company that had these products available  
to sell, Adams refused to agree with it indicating that he thought the statement was  
open-ended and that because of the wording it could mean anything.  
[
826]  
Exhibit # 3 speaks for itself. Page two reads: “In December 2005, Majestic  
acquired the exclusive North American distribution rights for inks, primers, coatings,  
substrates, and high volume systems. These products are new technologies not  
presently available to the printing industry.”  
[
[
827]  
828]  
It should be noted that these are blatant misrepresentations.  
Adams was asked about some investors testifying that they understood the  
193 —  
products were market ready. Adams indicated that he had not read the business  
plan. He agreed that souken ink was not market ready. Adams testified that he  
knew at all times that it was not market ready and he agreed that it would be a lie if  
he had told anyone this.  
[
[
829]  
830]  
With respect to souken coating, Adams indicated that there was no coating.  
Adams was asked whether the business plan and documentation indicated  
the products were market ready and he indicated that he had not read the business  
plan or Exhibit #3 and that they were developed after he had left Majestic. He was  
asked about people being lead to believe that they were market ready and he  
indicated that he knew that they weren’t market ready.  
[
831] Adams indicated that Toscano saying that he had told him that TACA was  
using the lumo color ink was a lie.  
[
832]  
Adams indicated that he never looked at any version of Majestic’s business  
plan, that it was constantly being worked at but he had never asked to see a draft,  
never asked to see a business plan and was never asked for input. He indicated  
that Dash and Toscano prepared the business plan and that he did not give any  
information for the business plan. He indicated that Bishop had created a  
subsequent business plan and that he was only aware of this as he was told during  
the legal proceedings regarding the recovery of equipment. He indicated that  
Bishop’s business plan focused around the ink cartridge and it was a separate  
business plan. He was asked how he knew it was different and he said because it  
was done by Bishop.  
[
833]  
Adams maintained that Dash was running the company at the time. He  
indicated that he assumed that Dash got paid for doing the business plan and that  
the books would reflect this although some people got shares in payment for  
services. Adams was shown Exhibit #145 which is the general ledger of Majestic  
where it indicates that on November 11, 2005 Herbert Adams was paid $600 for the  
194 —  
business plan. Adams maintained this was improperly posted, that it must be a  
bookkeeping error or something like that.  
[
834]  
Adams was shown Exhibit #146 which is again the Majestic ledger which  
indicates that wages were provided to Adams for the business plan and also to Rob  
Dash in the amounts of $500 and $1500. Adams maintained that the books were a  
mess and that Dale Hicks posted things randomly.  
[
835]  
It should be noted that the Adams evidence regarding his utter lack of  
knowledge of Exhibit # 3, the power point presentation, and his lack of knowledge of  
any Majestic business plan is just not credible. The PowerPoint presentation and  
the business plan were documents that contained false information and both were  
provided to investors.  
[
836]  
It should be noted that both of these documents provide corroboration to  
what the investors claimed was told to them and they provide some corroboration to  
Bishop’s evidence regarding what he alleged Adams told him about the company  
and its products. I find that Bishop’s evidence that it was “inconceivable” that Adams  
did not have a hand in the business plans to be credible evidence given the totality  
of the circumstances.  
[
837]  
Adams was asked about the SR&ED claims. He indicated that he was  
aware claims were being made on completed projects but he was not heavily  
involved in the SR&ED process. He indicated that he had hired a person by the  
name of Stark and he acknowledged that Exhibit #147 was the consulting  
agreement between Stark’s company and Suncastle that was signed by Adams and  
Stark. Adams testified that there was no concern about Stark not getting paid and  
that for Stark to get paid from the proceeds of the successful SR&ED claim was  
standard policy. Adams acknowledged that Exhibit #148 was the signed irrevocable  
direction to CRA to send money to Stark in order for him to take his share in  
payment of his fees. Then Adams was shown Exhibit #149 which is the letter from  
Adams that clearly indicates that the irrevocable direction was done because “due to  
195 —  
the current economic climate and shareholder disputes it is unlikely that funds will  
remain in the company to pay your fees as outlined in your consulting agreement.  
Furthermore, it is likely that any funds received from the government will be  
dispersed before payment is made to you.”  
[
838]  
It should be noted that Adams is either lying or mistaken that this was just  
standard policy with respect to Stark. Either way his evidence is not reliable in this  
regard and his credibility is therefore adversely affected.  
[
839]  
Adams was asked about the money that he had received from shareholders  
for his stock in Majestic. It was suggested to Adams that he benefitted in the  
amount of $1,610,144. But Adams maintained that this wasn’t all cash that was  
received by him in that some of the shares were provided by Adams to persons as  
payment for the services those people had performed for the company.  
[
840]  
In re-examination Adams indicated that he had also gifted shares to people  
on various occasions but then stated that those gifts were given in kind for services  
performed by those people. He then said that some of them were outright gifts but  
he explained this by saying because those people had helped to take over his duties  
when he wasn’t there. So and the end of the day what Adams initially called outright  
gifts, were actually gifts in kind for services performed.  
[
841]  
Adams acknowledged that he had been asked about Suncastle transferring  
intellectual property rights for the filling lines to MCP. He was shown Exhibit #133  
which is a contract for the development of the cartridge and the chip and that they  
were paying Fascio for this by way of the consulting agreement.  
[
842]  
Adams Bishop that in Exhibit #139 he was not instructing Tom Brown on  
behalf of Majestic but was concerned that M.C.P. would get their expenses back.  
Adams testified that these were not instructions for the benefit of Majestic and that  
he expected Brown to talk to Majestic.  
[
843]  
When Adams was asked why he used the loan conversion agreements he  
196 —  
indicated that there were several people that were not comfortable buying shares  
initially and they could watch the progress of the company and convert back. He  
mentioned Rob Biegerl, Scott Siple, and Vinod Gandhi and that there were other  
personal contacts and business associates and friends that he used this tool for.  
[
844] Adams indicated that he had not told the police about Toscano because  
from his perspective it wasn’t a central feature as to why the company failed.  
[
845]  
He indicated that he didn’t have any input into the brochure or the website  
but that he had protested about it and was told to mind his own business by Bishop,  
Socholotiuk and Rob Dow and they just continued to do it.  
[
846] Regarding the money from the shares sold he indicated he lost $1.5 million  
all together and by 2008 there was nothing left.  
[
847] Adams testified that he was arrested in October 2009 and he indicated that  
he did not try to escape the country prior to his arrest.  
2. John Dow:  
[
848]  
John Dow is 60 years old. He is a chartered accountant. He worked as tax  
partner in an accounting firm until June of 2009 and since then he has been the  
chief financial officer at Aqua Power Holdings Incorporated.  
[
849]  
Dow testified that he met with Ian MacKenzie who said that he had invested  
in Majestic, which was a company that was developing a “green” water-based ink.  
MacKenzie had a business plan that he provided to Dow. Dow read it. Dow also  
knew a lawyer, Thomas Brown who was involved in this company and was a client  
of Dow’s so he asked Brown about the company. Brown gave Dow a general  
overview and told him to do his own due diligence.  
[
850]  
Dow therefore contacted Adams to meet with him and to discuss the  
197 —  
business plan. He met with Adams at Majestic’s Mainway location in July of 2006.  
When he met with Adams, Adams told him Majestic was the start-up company that  
was working to develop a process which involved this water soluble ink which would  
be very environmentally friendly. Adams also indicated they were working on a heat  
device which would help the ink adhere to surfaces. Adams also told Dow that they  
were working on getting a contract with Staedtler and that they were developing the  
ink. Dow didn’t recall whether Adams talked about Majestic’s exclusivity regarding  
the ink. Adams never said that Majestic or Suncastle had a patent on the ink and he  
did not guarantee the company’s success. Dow understood that it was a start-up  
company and he realized that there was a certain amount of risk.  
[
851] Dow invested $100,000 in July or August 2006 through a loan conversion  
agreement and in January 2007 he converted the loan to shares.  
[
852]  
Dow testified that he had purchased 212,000 shares directly from Majestic’s  
treasury. $35,000 was paid into Suncastle for Majestic shares and he paid $156,000  
to Adams for Adams shares of Majestic. Therefore, Dow invested a total of  
$403,000 plus an additional $15,000 that he loaned to Majestic. Most of these  
shares were purchased at $1 per share but there was some cost discount when he  
bought shares from Suncastle and when he bought shares directly from Adams.  
[
853]  
Between July 2006 and March 2008 Dow went to Majestic once every other  
month. On his visits Dow noticed that Paul Socholotiuk was working on the printers  
and printing on different substrates. He usually also met with Adams to see what  
was progressing with the company. There was some discussion with Adams about  
setting up M.C.P. and Printing Components. Dow testified that the bookkeeper was  
often there as well as Rob Dash. Paul Socholotiuk was working on the printers and  
Chad Adams and another person were filling the containers with ink. Adams was  
also there but it was pretty clear that he had serious back problems and was taking  
some medications. When Dow was asked about who was in charge, he indicated  
that it seemed to be a pretty loose arrangement.  
198 —  
[
854]  
In November of 2006 Dow attended the shareholders meeting. He  
New directors Steve Bishop and Bill  
indicated that the mood was upbeat.  
Stankiewicz were coming on and that the accused was resigning from the board of  
directors for health reasons. He indicated that Bishop spoke about his background,  
Rob Dash gave an overview. Adams did not speak at this meeting.  
[
855]  
Dow testified that Printing Components was a Nevada-based public  
company set up to do business in the printing industry and that he was the chief  
financial officer. Adams and Kricfalusi were involved in Printing Components.  
Printing Components was incorporated in December of 2006. Dow was given  
3,000,000 shares of this company and made CFO of Printing Components. Dow  
testified that Printing Components was started to acquire companies or build  
business in the printing industry.  
[
856]  
Dow indicated that he met Carlo Fascio in the summer of 2007 at Majestic.  
Fascio was under contract with Suncastle to build a heating device and a cartridge  
filling machine. Majestic still appeared operational at this time. They were sending  
the D5 cartridges to Florida to a company there although there were problems with  
it. Fascio had said he could build a multiuse cartridge for them also.  
[
857]  
The 2007 shareholder meeting was up-beat also. The company had won  
some sort of environmental award and the talk regarding the company was generally  
positive.  
[
858]  
Dow testified that he had met with Adams and another investor named John  
Vivian who was one of Dow’s clients. He indicated that Adams said they were  
developing this process using the Staedtler ink. The fact that Adams mentioned  
Staedtler and that they were going to have a contract with Staedtler for ink gave Dow  
confidence because Staedtler is a well-known ink manufacturer.  
[
859] Dow testified that M.C.P. was incorporated in August 2007 to develop  
Fascio’s cartridge and Printing Components was licenced by Majestic to distribute  
199 —  
the Fascio cartridge to the United States.  
860] Exhibit #150 dated November 26, 2007 is the distribution agreement  
[
between Majestic and Printing Components. The new cartridge was to be made by  
MCP in Barbados and licenced to Majestic to market. Majestic, in turn, gave  
Printing Components the rights to market the new cartridge in parts of the United  
States. This was the only tie between the two companies in 2007.  
[
861]  
In February 2008 there was a non-binding letter of intent that there was  
going to be a share for share exchange and Printing Components would own the  
new cartridge in Canada. That gave more liquidity for Majestic shares because  
Printing Components was a public company.  
[
862]  
M.C.P. was a company that was set up in Barbados because of tax  
The plan was for Adams to move to Barbados and oversee  
advantages.  
construction of the new cartridge from Fascio. Dow was the chief financial officer of  
M.C.P. as well. Dow loaned $50,000 to M.C.P. for development of the cartridge.  
The aim was sell the cartridge in North American and internationally.  
[
863]  
This did not happen. They stopped paying Fascio in March of 2008  
because he did not produce a working model of the new cartridge. Fascio was paid  
to develop the new cartridge including the inscription chip to allow the cartridge to be  
reused multiple times. Exhibit #151 details four payments to Carlo Fascio of  
$25,000 for a total of $100,000. Exhibit #152 is money paid in trust to Scarfone  
because they told Fascio the money would be released when he produced a  
working model. It details a monthly consulting fee from November of 2007 to  
February of 2008. Exhibit #153 details payments to Carlo Fascio and/or suppliers to  
build the cartridge and/or the inscription chip. The total paid to Fascio then was at  
least $320,000. It was paid by Dow, Adams and Mary Kricfalusi. These payments  
were made from November 2007 to March 2008. The last one was paid in trust and  
payment was stopped because there was a concern that Fascio could not produce  
the cartridge and the chip and also Fascio did not give suppliers agreements to  
200 —  
ensure confidentiality.  
864] There was an email from Staedtler in February 2008 which indicated that  
[
the new cartridge could potentially have very significant value. This email was  
shown to Bishop and Fascio. Subsequently, in March 2008 Bishop said that  
Majestic did not want to pursue the letter of intent with Printing Components. Dow  
testified that Adams had no control over Majestic’s board of directors at this time.  
Majestic ultimately became insolvent in March and April of 2008.  
[
865]  
On March 22, 2008 Fascio sent an email to Dow, Adams, Mary Kricfalusi,  
and Noel Shahnazarian demanding repayment regarding shares. They had a  
meeting that day where Fascio demanded payment and control of Printing  
Components and Majestic. Dow indicated that he had no control over Majestic. In  
April Fascio demanded that they turn over Printing Components shares to him.  
[
866]  
Dow described Fascio as threatening, that he had tried to extort money and  
that he was awful. Dow also indicated that Fascio tried to get him to make  
statements at the shareholder meeting on June 12, 2008. Dow testified that both  
Bishop and Fascio called his house numerous times saying the Halton Regional  
Police would charge him with fraud plus there would be an article in the paper  
regarding fraud and Majestic. They pressed him to vote for people that they wanted  
on the board of directors and stand up at the meeting and announce that he was  
launching a class action lawsuit against Adams on behalf of the shareholders. Dow  
testified that he had been included in the lawsuit and Fascio said told Dow that he  
would take his name off the lawsuit if Dow gave a statement. When Dow did not  
give a statement he was subject to death threats, Christmas cards to neighbours  
indicating that he was a pedophile and that he was responsible for 124 investors  
losing their money.  
[
867]  
Exhibit #154 is an email from Fascio to Dow. This was not the first time  
Fascio had threatened Dow. Fascio had done it a number of times and that this type  
of harassment was ongoing.  
201 —  
[
868]  
Dow also indicated that Bishop had called him on April 18 and told him that  
Dow, Adams and Mary Kricfalusi were going to be charged unless $30,000 was  
paid. Bishop told him that Majestic was not following its business plan and it was a  
pump and dump scenario. The idea was to sell the stock as the price goes up  
without a good business reason for the share price increase. Bishop was not  
specific regarding the fraud other than the ink was not real.  
[
869]  
Dow lost close to $500,000 as well as suffering emotional effects. He was  
frightened and threatened numerous times including one threat, “that it was time for  
justice, I’m going to make you suffer like never before”. Dow testified that he did not  
give in to what they wanted.  
[
870]  
In cross-examination Dow agreed that his statement to the Ontario Security  
Commission on October 23, 2008 would be more accurate than his evidence at trial.  
[
871]  
Dow testified that he’d invested repeatedly in Majestic’s stock that he  
obtained from a number of sources. Dow obtained stock from Majestic directly, from  
Suncastle and from Adams. Dow was also given Majestic shares by Thomas  
Brown. At all times he dealt with Adams regarding Majestic’s stock. All the  
information Dow received about Majestic was also primarily from Adams.  
[
872]  
Dow testified that he received a business plan from Ian MacKenzie. When  
Dow was asked if he had reviewed the business plan with Adams, Dow indicated  
that he did not review it in detail with the accused. Dow was then was referred to his  
statement to the Ontario Security Commission. Dow said this at pages 39 and 40 of  
the transcript of December 17, 2013:  
Q. And in this you said, “So I then met up with Herb Adams at the Majestic  
office to discuss, um, what the business was about and he explained what  
the business plan was and what they were going to try to do and indicated  
they were raising money at that point in time; at which time I started to  
invest and buy Majestic stock”, right?  
A. I see that, yes.  
Q. Okay. So it would seem that you sat down and you went over the  
businesshe went over the business plan with you, is that fair?  
202 —  
A. Certainly, in, inyep, yeah.  
Q. Okay. And you had the business plan with you at the time?  
A. I did have a business plan, yes.  
Q. Okay. And I take it he, hethere were certain pages you looked to and  
he pointed things out and you had a discussion, is that fair?  
A. We would have discussed it, yes.  
[
873]  
At page 40 of the transcript Dow said this:  
Q. Okay. Do you recall having a discussion with Mr. Adams about Souken  
ink?  
A. I believe that was the brand name they were gonna’ use for the ink.  
Q. And Souken ink wasit was really thethat was the thing that Majestic  
had to offer, right? That was the big dream, was Souken ink was  
revolutionary, is that fair?  
A. Yes.  
Q. Okay. And  just one second; here it goes, okay  and the main, the  
main product that Majestic was offering was the Souken ink, is that—that’s  
what you understood?  
A. That’s my recollection, yes.  
Q. That’s what you understood from Mr. Adams ‘cause he was the only  
guy you were dealing with?  
A. Correct.  
Q. Okay. And just to be clear what Souken ink was, you understood  
Souken ink to be a water-baseda new revolutionary water-based ink that  
was going to replace solvent inks, is that, is that fair?  
A. Yes.  
Q. Okay. And this is what Mr. Adams is telling you, and he told youis  
that fair, or you agree with me?  
A. Yes.  
Q. Okay. And he told you that this had beenthis was a Staedtler product  
and that Majestic was working on a heating device to make it work, is that  
about right?  
A. Or the heating product was going to assist in, in the process.  
[
874]  
Dow was then confronted with evidence from Adams and he responded like  
this:  
Q. Okay. Would it surprise you to hear that just yesterday Mr. Adams,  
under oath, said that Souken ink was just a small part of the company’s  
attraction?  
A. Well, that might have been his, his view.  
Q. That’s not what he told you at the time, though, is it?  
203 —  
A. Well, Ihe may have told me other things but my interest may have  
beenwas the, the ink.  
Q. Well, just a minute ago I asked you quite directly if that’s what he told  
you, if he led you to feel that that was the main thrust of things, and you  
even say, you, you agreed with your own quote here, that the vision of the  
company at the start was strictly the Souken ink. Are you changing your  
evidence?  
A. No, I’m not changing that evidence.  
[
875]  
Dow testified that he didn’t know who had created the business plan. He  
said that they had discussed the ink but he did not recall what was in the business  
plan and that he had read the business plan before he met with Adams. Dow was  
shown Exhibit #4 which is a copy of the business plan. Pages six and seven of the  
business plan were an important feature for him.  
[
876]  
Dow testified that when he met with Adams he believed that Adams was  
quite active in the company. He believed that Brown had given him Adams name  
because Adams was the most knowledgeable. Dow didn’t know however if Adams  
was in control of Majestic.  
[
877]  
Dow testified that he would not have invested in Majestic if he had known  
that other companies could bring the same product to market. In the business plan  
it had indicated that competition was “none at present in Canada”.  
[
878]  
Dow maintained that he did not know if he verified with Adams that there  
was no other competition for the ink and he did not know whether he verified  
Majestic exclusivity rights concerning the ink but he thought that they must have  
discussed it although he did not recall the details.  
[
879]  
It should be noted that this is very unlikely considering the amount of  
money that Dow was investing in Majestic and considering that Brown had only  
provided Dow with very limited information about Majestic. Dow had specifically  
asked for a meeting with Adams and the only inference was that the purpose of the  
meeting was to confirm the viability of investing in Majestic including the contents of  
the business plan.  
204 —  
[
880]  
It should also be noted that Dow left the impression of being biased towards  
Dow gave elusive answers to some very  
Adams in a favourable way.  
straightforward questions. Dow ended up being an investor who lost a considerable  
amount of money but he was also drawn into Adams orbit as CFO of both Printing  
Components and M.C.P. which were other companies Adams was involved with. As  
a result of Dow’s involvement with Adams Dow was threatened with police  
investigation and civil lawsuits. He therefore had an abiding interest in aligning his  
position with Adams.  
[
881]  
Dow testified that he acquired Majestic stock on nine separate occasions.  
Exhibit #155 details this. Each time Dow obtained shares he dealt with Adams  
regardless of whose shares he had actually purchased. This included Adams  
assisting Dow to buy $50,000 worth of Majestic stock from Majestic’s treasury in July  
of 2007.  
[
882] Although Adams resigned from the board of directors of Majestic in  
November of 2006, it was clear to Dow that Adams was still a significant shareholder  
of Majestic and interested in Majestic succeeding.  
continuing interactions with the management of Majestic.  
In addition, Adams had  
[
883]  
Dow testified that his primary focus was the ink, but that he did not recall  
the discussions with Adams about a contract for the ink and/or the exclusivity  
agreement regarding the ink.  
[
884]  
In re-examination Dow maintained that he and Adams did not go through  
the business plan in much detail and that they had just talked about the business.  
They had met so that Dow could understand what the company was doing. Dow  
believed that Adams was trying to help Majestic and Adams consulting agreement  
with Majestic would strengthen the ties but that it did not normally mean that Adams  
could exert control over the board of directors. Dow said at the meeting he had  
some questions about the ink and the drying system. He was also interested in the  
physical plant. The drying system was being developed by Majestic. Adams had  
205 —  
said that that drying system would enhance the usability of the ink. Dow testified  
that he believed that Adams had indicated that they were working on a contract with  
Staedtler and he felt it was imminent. Dow reiterated that he did not know what, if  
anything, Adams said about exclusivity and that the value of the ink was not based  
on exclusivity but on what the ink could do.  
[
885] Again, it should be noted that Dow left the impression that he was clearly  
reluctant to disclose anything he perceived to be unfavourable to Adams.  
[
886]  
It should also be noted that Dow the majority of Dow’s evidence goes to the  
failure of Majestic allegedly as a result of Fascio not producing the new reusable  
cartridge with the encryption chip. Dow’s evidence regarding his discussions with  
Adams prior to Dow investing in Majestic is related to the fraud charges before the  
court but I do not believe his evidence in this regard for the reason already  
mentioned.  
3. Thomas Brown:  
[
887]  
Thomas Brown is a lawyer. He is a sole practitioner and he was the lawyer  
for Majestic. Prior to his dealing with Adams regarding Majestic, Brown had  
involvement with Adams regarding other corporations and he had other dealings  
with him as well.  
[
888]  
Brown testified that he initially incorporated a numbered company for a  
specific purpose, but it was not used for that purpose and then it ended up being  
used as Majestic. It was in approximately 2005 to 2006 that the numbered company  
became Majestic. The people that were involved were Adams, Noel Shahnazarian,  
Thomas Brown and another person whose name Brown did not recall.  
[
889]  
Brown testified that the first business Majestic got involved with was the  
purchase of canvas from a supplier in Korea. Then Majestic became involved in the  
sale and distribution of ink.  
206 —  
[
890]  
Brown testified that he knew Carlo Toscano and that Toscano was involved  
in Majestic and he also believed that Toscano was involved in Suncastle. Brown  
indicated that Toscano was involved in the ink procurement and development and  
the modification of the equipment in order to properly utilize the ink.  
[
891]  
Brown testified that the ink was manufactured by Staedtler, but that it had  
unique properties in that it was a water-based ink that had the properties of the  
solvent-based inks and that it was rather revolutionary regarding its use for outdoor  
applications.  
[
892]  
Brown indicated that in order to use the ink they had to modify the printers  
that they had. They had to change how the ink came out of the printer heads and  
also some work was being done on removing or installing heaters and there was  
some work also being done concerning warming up the substrates on which the ink  
was to be applied. He indicated that the printers that were being used were the  
large format digital printers. There was a Mimaki printer, an HP printer and he  
thought maybe a Kodiak machine as well.  
[
893]  
Regarding Carlo Toscano and Staedtler, Brown testified that they had been  
told that Toscano knew people at Staedtler and specifically Toscano knew Dieter  
Steudtner.  
[
894]  
In 2005 Suncastle wanted to get exclusive rights to the lumo color ink to  
distribute it in Canada. Brown understood that Toscano had spoken to Staedtler  
regarding this and Toscano visited Germany in March or April of 2005. When  
Toscano returned, he was very excited about what he believed the lumo color ink  
could do regarding the properties it had for outdoor application and the substrates  
that the ink could be printed on. Toscano felt that there were endless possibilities  
with respect to the lumo color ink. Brown testified that Toscano at that time did not  
say anything about a contract and that the contract had come later.  
[
895]  
Brown testified that the idea was that Suncastle would get a contract with  
207 —  
Staedtler and that Toscano was to get this contract. At some point, Toscano  
indicated that he had a contract with Staedtler, and Brown, as the lawyer, made  
changes to this contract. Someone at Suncastle executed that contract. He  
indicated that Staedtler subsequently provided them with an electronically-signed  
contract.  
[
896]  
Subsequent to this, there was a falling out with Toscano and a suggestion  
from Staedtler that no contract existed. Brown indicated that he was certain that  
there was a contract and that Staedtler had agreed to supply Suncastle with  
exclusivity in Canada under a private label. There were a series of emails, which  
are Exhibit 156, between Staedtler and Brown talking about this supposed contract  
that existed between Staedtler and Suncastle. The first of these emails was in  
October of 2005.  
[
897]  
Brown testified that it was his belief that Toscano wanted to try and  
capitalize on the ink himself. Brown indicated that after the last of the emails that  
they did ultimately receive a hard copy of this contract. Initially, Brown said that he  
had a good recollection that they received signed originals sometime after October  
2005 which was the same essentially as the electronic contract that he says was in  
existence. That contract allowed them to re-sell lumo color under a private label.  
He did not recall if it offered exclusivity, but there was an agreement that Staedtler  
would not sell lumo color to another company to sell under the same private label as  
souken ink.  
[
898]  
Brown was shown Exhibit # 103, which is the December 2005  
Brown said that this contract was to maintain  
confidentiality agreement.  
confidentiality as Staedtler already had an exclusive dealer in North America and did  
not want the other dealer knowing that Staedtler was now dealing with Suncastle as  
well. He understood that the intention was that no one else in Canada would get the  
right to lumo color ink.  
[
899]  
Brown was then shown Exhibit #105, which was the August 2006 contract,  
208 —  
which refers to private label exclusivity only and only regarding standard Staedtler  
inks which did not include lumo color. Brown identified this contract as the one that  
he was referring to earlier when he indicated that they received the originals  
sometime after October of 2005. Brown testified that he was involved in the review  
of this contract. Brown’s understanding of the contract was that Staedtler would  
supply Suncastle with all ink products and there was an exclusive basis under the  
private label for North America and that lumo color was part of this. Brown further  
indicated that he understood the contract included lumo color ink and that the  
people at Suncastle were all under the impression that it was an exclusive contract  
regarding lumo color ink. Brown did not recall Adams doing or saying anything that  
would indicate Adams thought that Suncastle did not have exclusivity for the lumo  
color ink.  
[
900]  
It should be noted that the contract, Exhibit #105, does not refer to lumo  
color ink at all and the private label exclusivity is so narrow that Staedtler was  
allowed by the terms of the contract to sell these same inks to any other distributor  
with the only restriction being that the new distributor could not label the inks with  
the same label chosen by Suncastle. Staedtler was therefore free to sell these inks  
to Suncastle’s competitors. The value of this exclusivity agreement to Suncastle  
was therefore extremely minimal. It is difficult to believe that the people at Suncastle  
were not aware of this since it is so obvious on the plain wording of the contract  
itself.  
[
901]  
Brown testified that they were selling lumo color and that there were drums  
of it on Suncastle premises. It should be noted that other witnesses confirm that  
Suncastle had purchased some lumo color ink and that they were using it in their  
attempts to perfect the heating device required to give the lumo color ink the  
resistant properties required for outdoor applications. However, it appears on the  
totality of the evidence that this lumo color ink was purchased on an ad hoc basis  
without any sort of permanent contract in place. The only formal contracts put into  
evidence are Exhibit #103, the confidentiality agreement, signed in December 2005  
209 —  
and Exhibit #105, the standard inks and private label exclusivity agreement signed in  
August 2006.  
[
902]  
Brown testified that it was Toscano’s raving about the ink that got them to  
try to get the ink to Canada to use it. However, at some point, the focus shifted from  
the ink to the re-filling of the HP cartridges and to the new reusable cartridge for  
Staedtler inks.  
[
903]  
Brown testified that there was a meeting in 2006 when Steve Bishop and  
David Prentice were present. Adams was also there as well as Brown and probably  
also Rob Dash. Brown did not know specifically when the meeting happened. The  
meeting was in order to find financing for the company and to take it public. Prentice  
gave a pitch regarding how he would finance the company and raise $5 million, but  
that it would mean giving up control of the company. There was a suggestion that it  
could be a $5 million to $10 million company at some point.  
[
904]  
013:  
Brown testified as follows at page 21 of the transcript of December 18,  
2
Q. Did Mr. Adams say to Steven Bishop that he had invented Lumo color  
ink?  
A. I never heard him say that, no.  
Q.  
Did you ever hear Mr. Adams say to Mr. Bishop that Noel  
Shahnazarian was a chemist who created a polymer to add to the ink?  
A. Yes, that, I think, was, was spoken of, and was true, to my knowledge.  
Q. When was that?  
A. I, I’d be just guessing at a date but it does sound very familiar that  
NoelMr. Shahnazarian hadwas working on a polymer to work with the  
Lumo color ink to get it to adhere and to dry; I think, specifically, to get it to  
dry so that we could take the heaters off the printers, which was ruining the  
ability to print.  
Q. Did Mr. Adams say that that had happened at this point?  
A. At that particular meeting? I can’t say whether it had happened or not.  
It was something he was working on but I do believe at some point in time  
that additive  I had been told, anyway, or was under the impression —  
that the additive had been completed.  
Q. Who told you that?  
A. I think itI was told by Mr. Adams.  
210 —  
[
905]  
Later at page 26 and 27 of the transcript Brown stated:  
Q. And if I tweaked that hypothetical to say that at this apparent or alleged  
meeting, Mr. Adams said that Mr. Shahnazarian had added a polymer to  
existing ink and said that to Mr. Bishop in your presence and said, “That’s  
what created Souken ink”, would that be accurate, to your recollection?  
A. Well, hypothetically, that would make sense based on my recollection,  
but I don’t recall the meeting or those statements being made, but it would,  
it would accord with what I wouldmy recollection would be in terms of  
where we might have been at that stage.  
[
906]  
It should be noted that this is a critical piece of evidence as on its face it  
corroborates a key piece of evidence provided by Bishop and by some of the  
investors.  
[
907] Brown also testified that Adams did not say that Suncastle had invented  
lumo color ink in his presence.  
[
908] Brown said that Bishop did not say that he had been sanctioned by the  
Ontario Securities Commission.  
[
909]  
Brown indicated that Adams had stepped down from Majestic’s Board of  
Directors at some point in time and Brown understood that this was for health  
reasons, perhaps cancer, and that Adams was on painkillers. Brown testified that  
after Adams stepped down he could not say who had control of Majestic. Brown did  
indicate that he was still receiving instructions from Adams regarding the preparation  
of corporate documents for Majestic and that Adams may have had a consulting  
agreement with Majestic. After Adams stepped down, Brown’s sense of who had the  
most influence at Majestic was that it was Steve Bishop, but Rob Dash was also  
involved. Brown indicated that the directing mind of Majestic after November of  
2006 was the Board of Directors; but that he still received instructions from Adams  
regarding the preparation of certain things, but those things still had to go through  
the Board of Directors.  
[
910] Brown said that he often participated in meetings with investors. He  
testified that he did not hear Adams saying anything false in the investor meetings  
211 —  
and, if so, he would have pulled him aside and told him so. He did recall a meeting  
with the investors from Alberta.  
[
911]  
Regarding Bishop, Brown indicated that he understood that Bishop had  
experience and knowledge in how to raise capital and that it was Bishop that had  
approached them and said do not go with Prentice, that Bishop could raise the  
money for them.  
[
912]  
Brown did not recall having a meeting with Bishop prior to the meeting with  
Prentice.  
[
913]  
Brown identified Exhibit #126, which is a document dated November 16,  
2006. This is the date of the shareholders’ meeting when Adams resigned from the  
Board of Directors. The document contains an amendment to Majestic’s Articles  
that reads, “The issue, transfer or ownership of shares is not restricted.” Brown  
testified that this document was presented with the intention that it was imminent in  
the next few months to merge with a public shell. Brown admitted that it was his  
suggestion to prepare this document. Brown indicated that he was now acutely  
aware that the restrictions should not have been removed and that shares are not  
freely transferable until the company went public on the stock market.  
[
914]  
Brown testified that he first met Carlo Fascio in the summer of 2006. He  
believed that Fascio was initially working on the heating device that he believed was  
for the printers, but he was not sure about this. He indicated that Toscano did not  
perfect the heating device so that still had to be done. Fascio was also to re-  
engineer the replacement HP cartridge due to issues with the cartridge that Majestic  
was buying from Korea. It was to be a refillable cartridge and it was to work with HP  
machines. Fascio was originally contracted by Majestic, but he also may have been  
contracted by Suncastle. Brown indicated that Fascio was further engaged to  
develop a filling line as Fascio said he could redesign the system. Brown said that  
they were elated at first to hear that Fascio had caught the problem in time with the  
D5 cartridge and that Fascio was confident that he could rectify it with the filling line  
212 —  
technology. However, Brown never saw a working filling line. Although Fascio  
asserted that it was finished, he did not see anything that actually worked.  
[
915]  
Majestic failed in 2008 in the springtime. Brown indicated that Bishop and  
Fascio were in the same camp. Adams was opposed to them and there was a  
separation between Suncastle and Majestic’s interests.  
[
916]  
Adams was part of another corporation called Printing Components. After  
Majestic failed there had been a proposal to take Majestic public by Printing  
Components but Majestic rejected this. This was contrary to what Adams wanted  
done.  
[
917]  
Brown testified that he saw Fascio on the second Tuesday in June, 2008.  
Fascio wanted his drawings back that were related to the initial patent filing. Brown  
was the custodian of these drawings which were in a sealed envelope. He gave  
Fascio back his package of drawings, but did not get a receipt. Fascio later claimed  
that Brown had released these documents to Adams. Fascio reported Brown to the  
Law Society and started a lawsuit. In addition, Fascio had sent him a sarcastic  
sympathy card indicating he would take away his most prized possession and the  
time of judgment for Brown would come.  
[
918]  
Brown testified that he recalled were that they spoke with a group of  
investors from Alberta that involved Kevin Loman, an oriental gentleman by the  
name of Bill, Reg Rudko and Bill Stankiewicz. He indicated that Bishop and Fascio  
spoke to them and Fascio gave a presentation regarding the filling line and less of a  
presentation on the cartridge itself. Brown did not recall what Bishop had said to the  
investors and he did not recall Adams speaking publicly at this investors’ meeting  
and he did not recall Adams speaking of the ink at all. Brown was under the  
understanding that the HP replacement inks would be used in the new cartridges  
and in the filling lines and that souken ink was not in any way part of this meeting,  
which was in the spring of 2007.  
213 —  
[
919]  
It should be noted that although Rudko and Bilocerkowec had some  
contradictions in their evidence regarding what had transpired at this meeting, there  
was no contradiction that the ink was the main technology that attracted them to the  
investing in Majestic. It seems unlikely therefore that souken ink was not in any way  
part of this meeting as claimed by Brown. The confirmation of the ink as the main  
reason for investing in Majestic was the entire reason that Bilocerkowec and Rudko  
came all the way to Toronto from Alberta.  
[
920]  
Brown testified that he had never practiced securities law and that any  
securities related advice or information was strictly based on his past recollection  
and having taken securities at law school.  
[
921]  
Brown testified that, at the time, he believed that under the Securities Act  
there was a seed capital exemption which allowed solicitation of up to 50 people and  
to sell up to 25 people without having a prospectus.  
[
922]  
to qualify under the Income Tax Act it was not allowed to have more than 50  
shareholders. The reason for the November 2006 amendment previously  
mentioned was to allow for more than fifty shareholders.  
Brown also said that in order for a Canadian controlled private corporation  
[
923]  
Brown testified that he initially believed secondary shares could be sold  
without the purchaser being an accredited investor but after a discussion with  
Bishop he believed that the purchaser had to be an accredited investor. He did not  
speak with Bishop regarding securities advice. He did not recall speaking to others  
regarding securities advice as he had a limited knowledge about the exemptions  
and the sale of shares to accredited investors.  
[
924]  
In cross-examination Brown indicated that he had given legal advice to  
Adams regarding both Majestic and Suncastle throughout the entire period. Brown  
made clear however that he was definitely not a securities counsel and that Adams  
was aware of the fact that Brown had limited knowledge regarding securities law.  
214 —  
Brown testified that he had imparted information regarding securities law off the  
cuff” but that he had indicated that they “really need to get a securities lawyer on  
board.”  
[
925]  
Brown indicated that in the early stages Adams was in control of both  
Majestic and Suncastle and that this was true until Adams resigned from Majestic’s  
Board of Directors in November of 2006. Brown testified that people would go to  
Adams regarding both companies and that it was not what Brown would describe as  
a cooperative effort, in that it was clear that Adams was in charge.  
[
926]  
After Adams resigned from Majestic’s Board of Directors, Adams still called  
Brown and often gave Brown instructions to prepare certain things for Majestic, but  
the documents still had to go through the Board of Directors. Brown did not agree  
that Adams was actively involved in running Majestic after his resignation.  
[
927]  
Brown testified that he was paid by Adams with shares from Adams and  
that after the share split, that Brown was holding shares in trust for Adams. Brown  
assumed that, at the end of the day, he would get shares for his efforts in the  
company. Adams often gave Brown instructions to give or transfer shares to various  
people. Brown indicated that if it ever got down to a low share amount remaining,  
that he would have been concerned. Brown did not agree that he was in the employ  
of Adams as Adams could yank his pay.  
[
928]  
Brown agreed that 462,500 shares were sold to other parties by Tom Brown  
in trust, but that he did not get any of the money for the sale of these shares. These  
share transfers were payments by Adams to others for their services and that they  
may have increased Adams shareholder account with the various corporations.  
[
929]  
With respect to the business plans, Brown indicated that he was sure that  
he had seen the business plans from time to time. He was shown Exhibit #4 and  
indicated that this was prepared by Dash and that it had gone back and forth  
between himself and Robert Dash. Brown was hesitant to say that Adams had any  
215 —  
hand in preparing Exhibit #4 and would not attribute any of it to Adams. Brown  
further indicated that he had no knowledge if the business plan was ever used in  
investor presentations and that it was likely late 2007 or early 2008 that this  
business plan was made.  
[
930]  
Brown was shown Exhibit #24, which is the business plan that was shown  
to the investor Russell. Russell indicated that he had received this business plan in  
the summer of 2006 and the Brown could not contradict that. However, he did not  
recall discussing Exhibit #24 with Adams and did not, for that matter, recall  
discussing other business plans with Adams either.  
[
931]  
Brown was referred to the Suncastle Group of Companies. He said that he  
had heard this expression from Adams. He understood it involved Suncastle,  
Majestic, Decorative Impressions and Artistic. He did not recall if he saw a business  
plan for the Suncastle Group of Companies.  
[
932]  
He was shown Exhibit #89 which is the business plan for the Suncastle  
Group of Companies. He did not recall this document specifically, but he said the  
contents appeared to be familiar. He indicated that the contents of Exhibit #89 were  
consistent with what was being done at the companies.  
[
933] At page 55 of the transcript, Brown said this about the legal advice he  
provided to Adams.  
Q. Okay. Now one of the things that we heard from Mr. Adams yesterday,  
and on previous days, is that he made all of these share distributions on  
your advice.  
A. That he made all of his share distributions….  
Q. Well, he said, “I was relying on the advice”. I, I challenged him on a  
number of different faulty exemption reliances  let’s call it that — and he  
said, “I was relying—I always relied on the advice of Tom Brown”. Does  
that accord with your recollection of events?  
A. Well, I don’tI would disagree with that statement, that he was relying  
on my advice in regards to the legality of the, of the sales and transfers; I  
don’t think that’s a fair statement to attribute to me.  
Q. Why is that?  
A. Because I didn’t provide securities advice; in fact my recollection of  
216 —  
discussions with Mr. Adams over time would  well, I don’t think I’m  
allowed to say, I don’t think privilege has been waived — but I can, can  
state that I, that I did not provide him securities advice or assurances that  
the sales and transfers he was doing and the manner in which funds were  
being raised was legal.  
Q. Okay. Let’s go back to….  
A. I was not  sorry to interrupt  I was not aware that the manner in  
which he was doing it contravened securities law but I certainly did not  
provide him with any assurance that it was legal.  
Q. Okay. Did you ever discuss, or did he ever discuss with you, the  
concept of what a prospectus is?  
A. Yes, but not in the context of this company.  
Q. Okay. In the context of previous companies?  
A. In the context of a previous company, yes.  
Q. Okay. Did you ever tell him that he was free to sell shares as he  
wished from a corporation?  
A. No.  
Q. Did you tell him that there were restrictions to the sale of shares from a  
corporation?  
A. He was aware of the restrictions; I made him aware of the restrictions  
regarding the number of shareholders that you could have for the private  
company and, and of the number of shareholders, or persons that you  
could make solicitations to, under the seed capital exemption.  
Q. Okay. Now have you since learned a bit more about how that works?  
A. I did get a bit of an education regarding the requirements of the  
Securities Act in or around November 29, 2011.  
[
934]  
It should be noted that this is crucial evidence as it directly contradicts  
Adams testimony on this issue. Brown’s evidence makes sense in the totality of the  
circumstances as they evolved in this case. This evidence undermines Adams  
veracity when he claims reliance on Brown’s advice which resulted in numerous  
Securities Act violations. It also demonstrates that Adams was aware of the  
Securities Act in general and that the sale of shares was strictly regulated in that it  
required a prospectus unless an exemption could be utilized.  
[
935]  
Brown testified that he was aware that you could not group a bunch of  
shareholders into one corporation and call it one shareholder. He told Adams that  
and it that would not the ideal or proper way to do it. He did not tell Adams that it  
was okay to do this.  
217 —  
[
936]  
When Adams stepped down from Majestic he believed there were 49  
shareholders. He was not aware that Adams had committed shares to new  
additional shareholders for research and development work like John Lynch,  
Suspendaire, Daniel Leblanc and Steve Bishop. When he was asked if it was  
known that the 50 mark was being crossed, he indicated that he can’t say for  
certain.  
[
937]  
Brown testified that he did not tell Adams that founding members did not  
count toward the fifty but that he probably told Adams that there was an exemption  
for employees. He did not recall if he told Adams there were exemptions other than  
employees. However, Brown was also clear about the limited nature of his advice  
about securities law. He said this at page 60 of the transcript:  
Q. Okay. So right now I’m talking, I’m talking about securities regulation…  
A. Yes.  
Q. …okay? I know you keep bringing up income tax and—but did you  
make it clear to Mr. Adams when you were advising him that you can only  
advise him about income tax and that securities, you really don’t know  
much about?  
A. He was aware of that from the start of our relationship.  
[
938] He said that prior to the emails that are Exhibit #156 he thought there was  
exclusivity for the Staedtler inks and for lumo color. It was clear in the summer of  
005 that they had no agreement, but by August 9, 2005 he believed that there was  
2
an agreement with Staedtler regarding complete exclusivity and private label  
exclusivity. They believed they had private label exclusivity and that they were the  
only party in Canada selling it, but they knew that someone else had the rights in the  
United States for lumo color.  
[
939]  
Brown believed the non-disclosure agreement from December of 2005 was  
because Staedtler did not want people in the United States to know about Suncastle  
selling lumo color ink. It was fair to believe that Staedtler probably did this to  
Suncastle also. He indicated that he would have relayed this information regarding  
exclusivity to Adams. In October, a signed contract materialized and he believed  
218 —  
that Toscano had given them a legitimate contract. Within days after, it was placed  
in doubt whether they did, in fact, have a contract. Brown testified that Toscano  
went to see Staedtler and that Toscano came back and said, “We need to get this  
stuff”. Toscano then produced a draft contract that was tidied up in language likely  
in July or August of 2005 and sent back. Then the day or two after this email they  
th  
got the contract. Sometime between August 9 and October Suncastle had an  
electronic version of the contract, but Toscano had said he was getting an exclusive  
agreement.  
[
940] Brown made this comment regarding Adams’ evidence about the Staedtler  
contract issue:  
Q. So that, that would have led you to believe thatsince, since Mr.  
Steudtner didn’t write back to you and say, “What are you talking about?  
There is no such contract”, it stood to reason, and, and still does, that Mr.  
Toscano gave you a legitimate contract, or came back reporting the  
existence of a legitimate contract?  
A. Yes.  
Q. So if Mr. Adams has alleged that Mr. Toscano came back, reported that  
there was a contract that you investigated and you found to be a complete  
fake, that’s not your recollection of events?  
A. No,……  
[
[
941]  
942]  
Later at page 70 of the transcript Brown said:  
Q. So doesn’t that suggest, doesn’t that suggest that….  
A. It suggests to me all along that we did have a contract with Staedtler.  
Q. Right. That Toscano didn’t lie about that in the first place when he said  
that…  
A. No.  
Brown did not know what Adams or others told investors about any  
exclusive rights to the ink. However Brown agreed that if anyone did say that they  
had exclusive rights to the ink that would have been a false statement as they knew  
that a U.S. based company was selling it under the label lumo color and that was the  
reason why they could not sell it as lumo color.  
[
943]  
Brown agreed that Exhibit #103, which is the December 2005 contract, had  
219 —  
nothing to do with exclusivity. It was a non-disclosure agreement only. Brown also  
agreed that it was possible that he confused the purpose of Exhibit # 103 being to  
keep lumo color quiet.  
[
944]  
Brown agreed that if the business plan said “competition, none in Canada”  
that he would not have corrected this because he believed that there was an  
additive invented by Mr. Shahnazarian that was in the ink, so there was no reason to  
correct this because it was his understanding that this was correct.  
[
945]  
Brown testified that the plan was to take Majestic public and he indicated  
that what Adams said to Laurene Rogers regarding going public only accorded with  
the plan which was to merge with an existing public shell company, with the hope  
that the price of the shares would increase. Brown recalled Adams indicating that  
the shares could go as high as three or five dollars per share.  
[
946]  
In re-examination Brown testified that Printing Components was the only  
company that expressed interest in wanting to take over Majestic, but Dow and  
Adams were involved in Printing Components. He was asked about a company  
called Stock Logic and he indicated that his understanding was this was a company  
associated with Dean Prentice and that they may have been interested in taking  
over Majestic, but he was not certain of that.  
[
947]  
Brown said that his recollection was that the business plan was drafted by  
Homeric Arvanitis and Toscano and he indicated that this accorded with his memory  
regarding Suncastle’s business plan as well.  
[
948]  
When Brown was asked if he ever heard Adams say there was no  
competition in Canada for the ink, he did not recall that specifically being said by  
Adams. He understood that the ink worked with the heating process and did not  
recall why the additive was needed. He indicated that he was not aware of any  
other company in Canada working on the heating process. He did not know if the  
US company with lumo color was working on the heating process. Staedtler had  
220 —  
provided a level of assistance to them regarding the heating process and Noel  
Shahnazarian was going to be working with them on that process, and the  
December 2005 non-disclosure contract may have been about this. He indicated  
that Toscano said that Staedtler was unwilling to do the contract until Suncastle  
purchased a certain amount of ink, and that refreshed his memory as to why they  
had purchased some ink. By August 9, 2005 there was a signed contract, according  
to the witness.  
[
949]  
Brown testified that he believed that Suncastle had exclusive rights if they  
met the purchase obligations. He said that if he found out that others were selling  
lumo color ink that they would have talked to Staedtler about this, but they he did not  
recall it being an issue, fear or concern. This evidence contradicts his answer in  
cross-examination regarding the issue of another company in the U.S. selling lumo  
color ink.  
4. William Stark:  
[
950]  
William Stark is a chartered accountant and a chartered business valuator.  
Stark worked as a corporate tax auditor at Revenue Canada and was in the SR&ED  
program for some four years while he was there.  
[
951]  
Stark now owns his own company called ResDev Tax Consultants. ResDev  
assists other companies with their SR&ED claims. They help those companies  
prepare the documentation that is necessary to prepare a SR&ED claim and the  
documents necessary in case of a Canada Revenue audit.  
[
952]  
Stark described a SR&ED claim as the government’s incentive program to  
help companies pursue research and development and to increase their  
understanding of technology. It helps companies interested in research and  
development with government grants in order to increase technology within Canada.  
A standard claim includes a technical report describing the activities and why they  
221 —  
meet the criteria for a SR&ED claim. In addition, the claim details the costs of the  
project including labour, contracts for wok done, materials consumed or transformed,  
leases and/or purchases of capital equipment.  
[
953]  
Stark was referred to Suncastle by Homeric Arvanitis. Stark testified that he  
dealt with Rob Dash to get the information he required, but that it was Adams that  
signed the contracts and there were times where he went to Adams. He said Adams  
would oversee the projects and get him something if he needed it.  
[
954]  
Stark testified that he assisted in three SR&ED claims for Suncastle and  
that all three of the SR&ED claims were successful. Canada Revenue apparently  
did technical audits on two of the three claims and financial audits on all three  
claims.  
[
955]  
Exhibit #157 is the agreement between Suncastle and the ResDev. This  
was signed by Stark and Adams. Exhibit #158 is indicative that the SRED claim was  
successful. Exhibit #159 is ResDev’s invoice for the third claim and there were  
similar invoices for the first two claims. Stark did get paid for his work. Exhibit #160  
is a direction as part of their contract that once Suncastle got paid for the SR&ED  
claim that ResDev was to be paid out of these proceeds.  
[
956]  
In cross-examination Stark acknowledged that he did not know what  
technologies were being claimed by Suncastle as that was in his working papers  
and he did not bring those. Stark testified that he felt that if he did not get a  
response to something he needed to process the claim then he would call Adams.  
Adams would light a fire and get it done as to the best of his knowledge, Adams was  
the boss. He understood that Rob Dash was the accounting person who provided  
the invoices and so on. Stark reiterated that he understood that Adams was the  
boss and that Rob Dash listened to him. He was unaware of the corporate  
structure, but again, Stark’s impression was that Adams was the boss.  
[
957]  
Stark confirmed that money had to be spent prior to the SR&ED claim being  
222 —  
made, but that it was okay for shares to be given to contractors and that payment for  
a SR&ED claim could be made on that basis. Stark said that a SR&ED claim  
allowed for payments to be made within 180 days from the year end.  
[
958]  
In re-examination he indicated that Canada Revenue looks for documents  
to support the amounts of a SR&ED claim and apparently they examined and were  
satisfied with these documents relating to these SR&ED claims. This would have  
included looking into the share consideration. Stark reiterated that, from his  
company’s perspective, if they do not think something can be claimed, than they do  
not do it.  
5. Daniel Le Blanc:  
[
959]  
Daniel Le Blanc attended college majoring for a year in engineering before  
switching to business. He works as a continuous improvement specialist in quality  
control for Master Brand Cabinets.  
[
960]  
Le Blanc became familiar with Adams because Adams was a business  
associate with Le Blanc’s wife. This was about 2001. In 2002 Le Blanc did some  
renovations for Adams. He believes that the Adams company was called Suncastle.  
Le Blanc did those renovations in the Burlington office.  
[
961]  
Towards the end of the renovation project Adams asked him to do a project  
for him that was described as a stretching machine. Adams asked him if he was  
capable of producing something like that and because of his background including  
ten years in landscaping where he constantly reinvented machinery he felt he was  
capable of doing it. Adams described to him what he needed and asked for a  
proposal and Le Blanc testified that at that point they moved forward.  
[
962]  
Le Blanc identified Exhibits #162 through #165. He indicated he had put  
this together for the investors and for the research and development claim. This  
was the detailed report required to satisfy those needs. Le Blanc testified that there  
were three phases of the proposal and that the different phases are really trial and  
223 —  
error to assess at the conclusion of the 3 phases if it was a viable project. Le Blanc  
then went through the Exhibits which are the phase 1, phase 2 and phase 3 reports.  
He indicated that the results of the reports, generally, were discussed at Suncastle.  
He indicated that the stretching machine was working pretty well at the end of phase  
3
but that it was not where he wanted it to be, that it needed more work and that it  
was not ready for distribution. Le Blanc indicated that if he did it over again he  
would like to go in a different direction and that it was left at that. He was concerned  
that the ultimate results came up short.  
[
963]  
Exhibit #166 is the drawing that Le Blanc did. Exhibit #167 is the invoice  
and Exhibit #168 is the detailed invoice. All of these documents were completed by  
Le Blanc. Le Blanc testified that he was paid in cash and by stock. He further  
indicated that, generally speaking, the work was recorded on the correct dates and  
that Adams was his direct contact at Suncastle.  
[
964]  
Le Blanc testified that he knew Tony Yaworski and that Yaworski did not  
work on his machine. But he knew that they were working on something. He  
indicated that he was aware that three projects were being worked, that Biegerl was  
working on a spooling machine, that he believed Yaworski was working a spray  
coating machine and that he was working on the stretching machine. However, he  
testified that with respect to Yaworski, he really didn’t know if he was working on a  
stretching machine and that there were five or six guys in the back at Suncastle  
working on stuff.  
[
965]  
Le Blanc was asked if Toscano had made an automatic stretching machine  
and he indicated that if that was true then there were three of them doing that, Tony  
Yaworski, Carlo Toscano and himself. He indicated that one of the Toscano brothers  
was perpetually working on the printers and that he was always having trouble and  
that the other Toscano brother was working on a vertical cutting machine but he  
wasn’t sure exactly what that was.  
[
966]  
Le Blanc testified that his design did not go into production although he  
224 —  
indicated that he had spoken to Bill Stark a couple of months after the project. This  
was Le Blancs last involvement with Suncastle.  
[
967]  
In cross-examination Le Blanc testified that the majority of the work on the  
stretching machine had been done at his home as opposed to being done at  
Suncastle. He also indicated that he did not have any fabrication facilities so he had  
to have that done. Le Blanc testified that he started work on the stretching machine  
in July of 2005. He believed he had done the renovations before working on the  
stretching machine but he does not have a very clear memory of that time. It was  
from the summer of 2005 to the spring of 2006 that he worked on the stretching  
machine. He indicated that three or four times he used a U-Haul to bring the  
machine to Majestic.  
[
968]  
Le Blanc admitted that he was not at Majestic enough to know what Tony  
Yaworski and Carlo Toscano were doing there and that he had no recollection of  
what they were doing. He indicated that he was there a lot during the renovations  
and that Adams may have asked him about doing the stretching machine while he  
was doing the renovations.  
[
969]  
When Le Blanc was asked about his ongoing relationship with Adams, Le  
Blanc testified that after this project he and Adams had stayed very close friends and  
that they were still close friends now. Le Blanc was aware that Adams was on trial.  
He was also aware that it was suggested someone was taking credit for his work.  
He indicated that he had limited observations of Carlo Toscano but described him as  
the brother that never got his hands dirty. He said that “you don’t build houses in  
three piece suits.” Le Blanc said that one brother did get his hands dirty but he  
admitted that this was purely conjecture on his part.  
[
970]  
Le Blanc indicated that while doing renovations at Adams house that they  
had gone from being business associates to friends. It was after the work on the  
canvas stretcher that Le Blanc did the work in Adams home.  
225 —  
[
971]  
March 2006 was the last time that Le Blanc was paid for the canvas  
stretcher. He indicated that he never actually got the shares that were supposed to  
be payment for his work and he indicated that had eventually signed off on these  
shares as they were not worth anything. He did not recall when Adams said that the  
shares were transferred to him. He believed that everything was paid including the  
shares but he can’t say if it was in March 2006. He indicated he would not have  
insisted on payment. He indicated that he had seen the project work and he had  
faith in what was going on. Therefore he did not see it as a normal business  
arrangement and believed that he would get his return when the company got on its  
feet and he believed that he would receive shares in Suncastle.  
[
972]  
Le Blanc testified that he was impressed with the ink and the coating. He  
believed that the ink was water-based and that the coating was a UV coating that  
Adams said was impervious to spills. He believed that it had some good properties  
and he also believed that Noel Shahnazarian had created the coating and that  
Shahnazarian was working with the company to develop products and that  
Shahnazarian was a chemist. He believed that Shahnazarian had created the paint  
used on the premises and that the railing at the back had been painted with this  
paint. He had also seen the coating on one of the images pointed out to him by  
Adams at Juma in Hamilton. He was shown a coating on an image and assumed  
that Shahnazarian had created it as he was the chemist. Adams had described his  
UV coating to be used over water-based inks and that it would withstand sunlight  
and spills. In fact, Adams spilled Coke purposely on one to demonstrate this.  
[
973]  
Regarding the ink, Le Blanc believed that it was a water-based ink that was  
better than the solvent inks. He also assumed that Shahnazarian had developed it  
as Shahnazarian was the engineer and he had heard that Shahnazarian was a  
chemist. He indicated that this information had come from Adams and that he had  
made certain assumptions.  
[
974] It should be noted that Le Blanc is still a good friend of Adams. This is  
notwithstanding that Le Blanc was another person that Adams brought into his inner  
226 —  
circle and another person that Adams convinced to do work for him and to get paid  
largely in shares that turned out to be worthless. Yet Le Blanc testified that he  
believed, after talking to Adams, that Shahnazarian had developed the ink although  
looking back he felt that he had made certain assumptions to come to the  
conclusion. It is beyond coincidence that a good friend of Adams came to the same  
misunderstanding that several investors also had that Shahnazarian had done  
something to the ink to give it its unique durability properties. Even Thomas Brown  
understood that Shahnazarian had added some sort of unspecified polymer to the  
ink. It is impossible to believe Adams evidence that he did not mislead the investors  
on this issue when even obvious allies like, Le Blanc and Brown, corroborate some  
particulars provided by the evidence of the investors on this issue.  
[
975]  
Le Blanc was satisfied to get partially paid in shares as he believed in the  
corporation because of the coating and the ink and the general direction of the  
business because if what Adams was saying was true Le Blanc was excited about it.  
Adams told Le Blanc that the company was developing the ink or a company was  
developing the ink but Adams never said where the ink came from. It was referred  
to as souken ink. Le Blanc did not know how many other companies may be selling  
it. Le Blanc was under the impression that the company seemed to be expanding  
and becoming a stronger entity. He believed that Staedtler was somehow involved  
but thought they were the intended purchaser. With respect to Noel Shahnazarian,  
he assumed he was part of the process but that was never told to him.  
[
976]  
stretching machine and that he did not work for Suncastle or Majestic after March of  
006. He only did the one project for them. By March 2006 he was satisfied about  
Le Blanc testified that the renovations at Adams home were after the  
2
the arrangements and did not recall how they were finalized. Le Blanc indicated that  
his focus was not on the money but the focus was on the company getting off the  
ground and that he had signed for the shares initially and signed off on them years  
later.  
[
977]  
In re-examination, Le Blanc testified that he worked only one day at Steve  
227 —  
Bishop’s daughter’s house but understood that Bishop was to pay for that.  
978] With respect to Yaworski, Le Blanc didn’t know if he was working on his  
[
own canvas stretcher. He didn’t recall Yaworski wanting Le Blanc to help him with  
the stretching machine, file a report for his project which was the sprayer and that  
was his only memory of Yaworski asking for assistance. Finally, Le Blanc said that  
Adams did not say that he or the company invented the ink.  
The Law:  
[
979]  
It is important to note that there are very specific guidelines provided to trial  
judges to assist them in determining the ultimate outcome of a trial. This includes  
several very specific legal provisions which provide a detailed outline of the legal  
principles that must be observed and followed when deciding factual issues in a  
criminal trial and also when deciding the ultimate outcome of a trial involving a  
Criminal Code offence.  
[
980]  
This therefore is a brief overview of those legal principles. They are the  
parameters within which all Criminal Code charges are decided. They are of  
particular importance in this case as the main issue at this trial is the credibility and  
reliability of the witnesses. Therefore, the findings of fact made by the court will be  
the most significant factor in determining whether the Crown has proven beyond a  
reasonable doubt that the accused is guilty of any of the offences charged. Those  
legal principles are as follows:  
Onus:  
[
981]  
These charges are Criminal Code offences and as with all Criminal Code  
offences the onus is upon the Crown, on the totality of the evidence, to prove the  
offence beyond a reasonable doubt in order for the accused to be found guilty of the  
offence charged.  
228 —  
Reasonable Doubt:  
[
982] The Supreme Court of Canada has commented on the principle of proof  
beyond a reasonable doubt in several cases.  
[
983]  
In R. v. Lifchus (1997) 118 C.C.C. (3d) 1 at para. 24, Cory J. stated:  
Ordinarily even the most important decisions of a lifetime are based upon  
carefully calculated risks. They are made on the assumption that certain  
events will in all likelihood take place or that certain facts are in all  
probability true. Yet to invite jurors to apply to a criminal trial the standard  
of proof used for even the important decisions in life runs the risk of  
significantly reducing the standard to which the prosecution must be held.  
Indeed, to liken reasonable doubt in any way to daily activities weakens the  
special significance of the criminal standard of proof unique to the legal  
process.  
[
984]  
Later on in the Lifchus case the Supreme Court of Canada held that the  
meaning of proof beyond a reasonable doubt is as follows: "the standard of proof is  
higher than … a balance of probabilities yet less than proof to an absolute certainty".  
rd  
[
985]  
In R. v. Starr, (2000) 147 C.C.C. (3 ) 449, the Supreme Court of Canada  
indicated that in order to convict, something less than absolute certainty and  
something more than probable guilt is required. The Court further defined the  
reasonable doubt standard by explaining that it falls much closer to absolute  
certainty than to proof on a balance of probabilities.  
Assessment of the Evidence:  
[
986]  
In R. v. Menard [1998] 2 S.C.R. the Supreme Court of Canada noted that:  
the standard of proof beyond a reasonable doubt applies only to the  
jury's final evaluation of guilt or innocence and is not to be applied  
piecemeal to individual items or categories of evidence: see R. v. Morin,  
[1988] 2 S.C.R. 345.  
[
987]  
In R. v. Morin [1988] 2 S.C.R. 345 the Supreme Court of Canada had noted  
the following at paragraphs 28, 33, 41 and 42 respectively:  
2
(
8
The appellant submits, citing R. v. Challice (1979), 45 C.C.C.  
2d) 546 (Ont. C.A.), that different considerations apply where the  
credibility of defence evidence is at issue. In such cases the  
229 —  
argument is that the defence evidence does not have to be believed  
but "only has to raise a reasonable doubt". That does not mean,  
however, that the defence evidence or the evidence which it  
contradicts or explains is to be examined piecemeal. The judgment  
of Morden J.A. in Challice, supra, which the appellant agrees  
expresses the traditional view and is consistent with the judgment of  
this Court in Nadeau v. The Queen, [1984] 2 S.C.R. 570, and R. v.  
Thatcher, [1987] 1 S.C.R. 652, correctly states the law in the  
following passage (at p. 557):  
Understandably, a jury have to give careful consideration to issues  
of credibility when deliberating upon their verdict, and with respect  
to various pieces of evidence they may have differing views: total  
acceptance, total rejection, or something in between. An effective  
and desirable way of recognizing this necessary part of the  
process, and putting it to the jury in a way that accurately comports  
with their duty respecting the burden and standard of proof, is to  
instruct the jury that it is not necessary for them to believe the  
defence evidence on a vital issue -- but that it is sufficient if it,  
viewed in the context of all the evidence, leaves them in a state of  
reasonable doubt as to the accused's guilt: see R. v. Lobell, [1957]  
1
Q.B. 547 at p. 551, per Lord Goddard, C.J.”  
3
3
The authorities reviewed above are clear that the jury is not to  
examine the evidence piecemeal by reference to the criminal standard.  
4
1
The reason we have juries is so that lay persons and not lawyers  
decide the facts. To inject into the process artificial legal rules with respect  
to the natural human activity of deliberation and decision would tend to  
detract from the value of the jury system. Accordingly, it is wrong for a trial  
judge to lay down additional rules for the weighing of the evidence. Indeed,  
it is unwise to attempt to elaborate on the basic requirement referred to  
above. I would make two exceptions. The jury should be told that the facts  
are not to be examined separately and in isolation with reference to the  
criminal standard. This instruction is a necessary corollary to the basic rule  
referred to above. Without it there is some danger that a jury might  
conclude that the requirement that each issue or element of the offence be  
proved beyond a reasonable doubt demands that individual items of  
evidence be so proved.  
4
2
The second exception is that it is appropriate where issues of  
credibility arise between the evidence for the prosecution and the defence  
that the jury be charged as suggested by Morden J.A. in Challice, supra.  
There is a danger in such a situation that a jury might conclude that it is  
simply a matter as to which side they believe. The suggested charge alerts  
them to the fact that, if the defence evidence leaves them in a state of  
doubt after considering it in the context of the whole of the evidence, then  
they are to acquit.  
[
988]  
In trials where the evidence pits the word of the complainant against the  
denial of the accused and the result turns on the trial judge’s credibility assessments  
it is clear that the trial judge must apply the same standards in assessing the  
230 —  
evidence of the accused, the evidence of the complainant and the evidence of any  
other witness who has testified at the trial. See R. v. Howe January 11, 2005 (OCA).  
R. v. W.(D.):  
[
989]  
In assessing the evidence, and in particular, the credibility of the accused I  
have considered the direction provided by the Supreme Court of Canada in R. v.  
rd  
W.(D.) (1991) 63 CCC (3 ) 397. The Supreme Court of Canada has clearly  
indicated that in cases where the credibility of the accused is a fundamental issue  
that the rule of reasonable doubt applies to that issue. At page 409 of that decision  
the Supreme Court of Canada provided the following instruction to trial judges:  
First, if the trial judge believes the evidence of the accused, the accused  
must be acquitted.  
Second, if the trial judge does not believe the evidence of the accused but  
is left in reasonable doubt by it, the accused must be acquitted.  
Third, even if the trial judge is not left in doubt by the evidence of the  
accused, the trial judge must still decide, whether the guilt of the accused  
has been established beyond a reasonable doubt on the whole of the  
evidence.  
[
990]  
Time and again the Supreme Court of Canada and the Ontario Court of  
Appeal have made it clear that the court’s verdict should not be based on a choice  
between the accused’s and Crown’s evidence, but on whether, based on the whole  
of the evidence, the court is left with a reasonable doubt as to the accused’s guilt (R.  
v. Challice (1979), 45 C.C.C. (2d) 546 (Ont. C.A.), at pp. 556-57; R. v. MacKenzie,  
[
1993] 1 S.C.R. 212, at pp. 219 and 240).  
[
991]  
As Fish J.A. noted in dissent in R. v. Levasseur (1994), 89 C.C.C. (3d) 508  
(
Que. C.A.), at p. 532, in language approved by this Court ([1994] 3 S.C.R. 518):  
The trial judge must make it indisputably clear to the jury that reaching a  
verdict is not simply a question of choosing the more believable of the two  
competing stories . . . . To protect the innocent from conviction, we require  
proof beyond a reasonable doubt. The application of this standard to  
questions of credibility is an entrenched part of our law. The direction most  
consonant with this principle is a clear and specific instruction, where  
credibility is an important issue, that the jury must apply to it the test of  
reasonable doubt.  
231 —  
[
992] The Ontario Court of Appeal in the recent decision of R. v. Hull, August 4,  
006 indicated that it is the trial judge’s duty to evaluate the defendant’s evidence in  
2
the context of all of the evidence adduced at trial. The Court of Appeal provided the  
following directive for trial judges when a defendant’s evidence is being assessed:  
W. (D.) and other authorities prohibit triers of fact from treating the  
standard of proof as a credibility contest. Put another way, they prohibit a  
trier of fact from concluding that the standard of proof has been met simply  
because the trier of fact prefers the evidence of Crown witnesses to that of  
defence witnesses. However, such authorities do not prohibit a trier of fact  
from assessing an accused’s testimony in light of the whole evidence,  
including the testimony of the complainant, and in so doing comparing the  
evidence of the witnesses. On the contrary, triers of fact have a positive  
duty to carry out such an assessment recognizing that one possible  
outcome of the assessment is that the trier of fact may be left with a  
reasonable doubt concerning the guilt of the accused.  
[
[
993]  
994]  
The legal principles as stipulated will be applied in this case as well.  
There is also significant case law which provides the legal authority  
governing the sufficiency of reasons by trial Courts. See R. v. Vuradin, [2013] S.C.J.  
No. 38; R. v. S. (T.), [2012] ONCA 289 (OCA); R. v. H. (J.M.), [2011] 3 S.C.R. 197;  
R. v. Drabinsky, [2011] 107 O.R. 93d) 595 (OCA); R. v. Dinardo, [2008] 1 S.C.R.  
788; R. v. R.E.M. [2008] 3 S.C.R. 3; R. v. Walker, [2008] 2 S.C.R. 245; R. v. Gagnon,  
[
2006] 1 S.C.R. 621; R. v. Braich, [2002] 1 S.C.R. 903; R. v. Sheppard, [2002] 1  
S.C.R. 869; R. v. Burnie, 2013 ONCA 112, 294 C.C.C. (3d) 387. These decisions  
provide significant guidance to the court and have been applied accordingly. These  
reasons for judgment have therefore attempted to address the critical issues set out  
at trial. As noted, the main issue in this trial is the credibility of the witnesses. In that  
regard it should be noted that the Ontario Court of Appeal at paragraph 80 of R. v.  
S. (T.), [2012] ONCA 289 (OCA) found that findings on credibility are “notoriously  
difficult to articulate.”  
The Legal Framework of Fraud:  
[
995]  
Mr. Furgiuele, in his written submissions, accurately and succinctly set out  
the legal framework for the offence of Fraud Over $5000. I fully adopt his  
232 —  
submissions in that regard.  
[
996] The Defendant is charged with four counts of Fraud Over $5000, contrary  
to s. 380(1) of the Criminal Code. That section reads as follows:  
3
80.(1) Every one who, by deceit, falsehood or other fraudulent means,  
whether or not it is a false pretence within the meaning of this Act, defrauds  
the public or any person, whether ascertained or not, of any property,  
money or valuable security or any service.  
[
997]  
The statute thus defines fraud as having two elements: 1) a dishonest act  
established by proof of deceit, falsehood, or other fraudulent means; and 2)  
deprivation.  
The Dishonest Act  
[
998]  
The first element in a fraud requires that a dishonest act took place by  
deceit, falsehood or other fraudulent means. The primary determination is whether  
the accused, as a matter of fact, represented that a situation was of a certain  
character, when, in reality it was not. As Dickson J. (as he then was) explained in  
Olan, infra, the Crown can only succeed when it establishes dishonest deprivation.  
R. v. Olan, [1978] 2 S.C.R. 1175 at 1182  
[
999]  
The Supreme Court expounded further on the actus reus for fraud in  
Theroux, infra. The majority explained that a dishonest practice will still be a basis  
for fraud even if the accused has a belief that a loss to the victims will not occur. At  
the heart of the section is the notion that commercial affairs are to be conducted  
honestly. The prohibited action is one where an accused represents a situation to  
be of a certain character when, in reality, it is not. R. v. Theroux, [1993] 2 S.C.R. 4  
at 11, 15, 17  
[
1000] Theroux also set out a thorough understanding for the mens rea in fraud  
cases. As McLachlin J. (as she then was) set out, the act must be a voluntary act  
for the actus reus to exist. The mens rea, on the other hand, requires that the  
accused have a “wrongful intention” in making the prohibited representation. There  
233 —  
must be a subjective awareness on the part of the accused that they were  
undertaking a prohibited act (either deceit, falsehood, or other dishonest act) which  
could cause deprivation. McLachlin J. gave the proper focus for a fraud trial: did the  
accused intentionally commit the prohibited acts knowing or desiring the deprivation  
or risk of deprivation? Dishonesty is a key consideration. Simply put, an accused  
cannot be found guilty if they were not subjectively aware that their representation  
was dishonest (with dishonesty defined as what reasonable people consider  
dishonest). Subjective knowledge of the deceit, falsehood or other dishonest act is  
necessary. Theroux, supra, at 17-19, 21.  
[
1001] Of particular importance to the first element of fraud is how McLachlin J.  
ended her reasons in Theroux. She warned against conviction where the subjective  
dishonesty is not made out:  
The requirement of intentional fraudulent action excludes mere negligent  
misrepresentation. It also excludes improvident business conduct or  
conduct which is sharp in the sense of taking advantage of a business  
opportunity to the detriment of someone less astute. The accused must  
intentionally deceive, lie or commit some other fraudulent act for the  
offence to be established. Neither a negligent misstatement, nor a sharp  
business practice, will suffice, because in neither case will the required  
intent to deprive by fraudulent means be present. A statement made  
carelessly, even if it is untrue, will not amount to an intentional falsehood,  
subjectively appreciated … We are left then with deliberately practised  
fraudulent acts which, in the knowledge of the accused, actually put the  
property of others at risk. Theroux, supra, at 26  
[
1002] The Supreme Court gave consideration to “other fraudulent means” in the  
companion case of Zlatic, infra. McLachlin J. again wrote for the majority and  
considered several cases in which “other fraudulent means” was dealt with. She  
explained that under this head of the first element, the fundamental question is  
determining whether a reasonable person would stigmatize what is done as  
dishonest. The conduct would have to connote some sort of underhanded design  
that is at variance with straightforward and honest dealing. While the accused does  
not, under this head, have to subjectively appreciate the dishonesty of his acts, the  
accused must subjectively appreciate the consequences of their conduct and  
understand that they could cause deprivation. R. v. Zlatic, [1993] 2 S.C.R. 29 at  
234 —  
paras. 31-32, 40  
Deprivation and the Requirement for a Nexus Between the Dishonest Act and  
the Deprivation  
[
1003] There is no doubt that deprivation can be established by proof of detriment,  
prejudice, or risk or prejudice to the economic interest of the victim. What is  
important, however, is that the deprivation must be linked to the subjectively  
dishonest act. As explained in Zlatic, the actus reus is made out only if the  
deprivation is “caused by the prohibited act”. Thus, the offence is made out only if  
the accused undertook a subjectively dishonest act that caused deprivation or risk of  
prejudice to interest. Zlatic, supra, at para. 26.  
[
1004] In addition to the law as set out in counsel’s submissions I would add the  
following regarding the law of Fraud.  
[
1005] In R. v. Zlatic, [1993] 2 S.C.R. 29 the Supreme court of Canada indicted the  
following regarding the third category of “other fraudulent means” at paragraphs 31 –  
2:  
3
However, the third category of "other fraudulent means" has been used to  
support convictions in a number of situations where deceit or falsehood  
cannot be shown. These situations include, to date, the use of corporate  
funds for personal purposes, non-disclosure of important facts, exploiting  
the weakness of another, unauthorized diversion of funds, and  
unauthorized arrogation of funds or property: R. v. Black and Whiteside  
(
1983), 5 C.C.C. (3d) 313 (Ont. C.A.); R. v. Shaw (1983), 4 C.C.C. (3d)348  
(
N.B.C.A.); R. v. Wagman (1981), 60 C.C.C. (2d) 23 (Ont. C.A.); R. v.  
Rosen (1979), 55 C.C.C. (2d) 342 (Ont. Co. Ct.), R. v. Côté and Vézina  
No. 2) (1982), 3 C.C.C. (3d) 557 (Que. C.A.); R. v. Hansen (1983), 25  
(
Alta. L.R. (2d) 193 (C.A.); R. v. Geddes (1979), 52 C.C.C. (2d) 230 (Man.  
C.A.); R. v. Currie; R. v. Bruce (1984), 5 O.A.C. 280, and R. v. Kirkwood  
(
1983), 42 O.R. (2d) 65 (C.A.).  
3
2
The fundamental question in determining the actus reus of fraud  
within the third head of the offence of fraud is whether the means to the  
alleged fraud can properly be stigmatized as dishonest: Olan, supra. In  
determining this, one applies a standard of the reasonable person. Would  
the reasonable person stigmatize what was done as dishonest?  
Dishonesty is, of course, difficult to define with precision. It does, however,  
connote an underhanded design which has the effect, or which engenders  
the risk, of depriving others of what is theirs. J. D. Ewart, in his Criminal  
Fraud (1986), defines dishonest conduct as that "which ordinary, decent  
235 —  
people would feel was discreditable as being clearly at variance with  
straightforward or honourable dealings" (p. 99). Negligence does not  
suffice. Nor does taking advantage of an opportunity to someone else's  
detriment, where that taking has not been occasioned by unscrupulous  
conduct, regardless of whether such conduct was wilful or reckless. The  
dishonesty of "other fraudulent means" has, at its heart, the wrongful useof  
something in which another person has an interest, in such a manner that  
this other's interest is extinguished or put at risk. A use is "wrongful" in this  
context if it constitutes conduct which reasonable decent persons would  
consider dishonest and unscrupulous.  
[
1006] Justice Douglas in R. v. Wall [2000] O.J. No. 5447 indicated the following in  
relating the “other fraudulent means” criteria to the Ontario Securities Act. This is at  
paragraphs 17  18.  
1
7
I make these findings because the Securities Act, while regulatory (in  
the sense of allowing conduct to continue, provided it is done within certain  
fixed parameters) and hence creative of a regulatory regime, has, as the  
purpose of that regulatory regime (as stated in the legislation):  
"
To provide protection to investors from unfair, improper or  
fraudulent practices", (section 1.1).  
It does this by means of putting:  
"
restrictions on fraudulent and unfair market practices and  
procedures."  
1
8
Breaches of the Security Act that are not merely technical, but strike  
at the very heart of and the purposes of the Securities Act and the means  
chosen by the legislature to enforce those purposes, that is, means that  
are unfair, improper and fraudulent must be punished appropriately.  
[
1007] Finally, I note that, in submissions, counsel for the accused referred to two  
Supreme Court of Canada decisions and indicated the following regarding the mens  
rea requirement for fraud as it relates to breaches of the Ontario Securities Act. I  
agree with this formulation of the law in that regard:  
.
..for mens rea it would be—have to be that there’s evidence that Your  
Honour believed beyond a reasonable doubt showed that an accused  
wasintended to do that dishonest conduct, which is to say, intended to  
thwart the securities regulations, or was reckless as to whether his conduct  
thwarted the securities regulation in—and then that’s linked back to the  
deprivation as well.  
Crown Position:  
[
1008] The Crown position is that the accused, Mr. Adams, was at all times the  
directing or controlling mind and will of Majestic and for that matter Suncastle as  
236 —  
well.  
1009] The Crown alleges that Adams by deceit and/or falsehoods persuaded  
[
investors to invest in Majestic which resulted in the investors losing their investments  
and thereby suffering deprivation as defined in the case law.  
[
1010] The Crown theory extends to Adams telling Bishop a number of lies about  
what Majestic had to offer prospective investors. Then, at Adams direction, Bishop  
sold shares in Majestic to investors, passing on the misinformation that he had  
heard from Adams.  
[
1011] Finally, the Crown alleges that Adams, intentionally or recklessly, avoided  
complying with the Ontario Securities Act. This resulted in the “non-disclosure of  
important facts.” Such dishonest conduct along with other Ontario Securities Act  
violations such as secondary sales and telling investors that Majestic was “going  
public” were used to induce investors to invest in Majestic and amounted to fraud  
under the heading “other fraudulent means,” in that it violates the central tenet set  
out by the Supreme Court of Canada in Theroux. In that case the court said that “a  
single precept underlies the offence of fraud: commercial affairs are to be conducted  
honestly.”  
Defence Position:  
[
1012] This is the position of the accused from the submitted written submissions.  
It (the Crown) has not succeeded. The Defendant has not been shown to  
have committed any deceit in dealing with investors. He was not proven to  
be the controlling mind of Majestic after November 2006. He did not  
practice deceit through others. He was not dishonest by “other fraudulent  
means”, including the Securities Act breaches. The Crown’s case was  
marked by serious credibility and reliability concerns from its main  
witnesses. Further, the trial evidence as a whole has supported the  
defence theory or, at the very least, raised serious doubt about the Crown’s  
case. The Defendant submits that this Court must acquit him on all counts.  
Analysis:  
1013] The credibility, and in some cases the reliability, of witnesses is the key  
[
237 —  
issue at this trial. Once this issue is resolved and findings of fact are established the  
court can then apply the law to those findings.  
[
1014] From the submissions received it is apparent that the two main witnesses  
whose credibility must be assessed are Steven Bishop and Herbert Adams.  
However, the credibility and / or reliability of many other witnesses are also in issue.  
[
[
1015] The Crown evidence in this case consists of the following.  
1016] The evidence from Bishop was summarized by the Crown in submissions  
as follows:  
His evidence, distilled down to the points that are relevant to the questions  
to be answered by the court, included the following elements:  
Adams told him, and others in his presence, that the Souken Ink had been  
created by Noel Shahnazarian, who had ‘by fluke” created a polymer  
additive which had given Staedtler’s ink the properties of solvent inks.  
Clearly, if Adams said this, it was false;  
September 16, 2013 transcript, pp. 44 to 46; Evidence of S. Bishop  
September 16, 2013 transcript, p. 106; Evidence of S. Bishop  
Adams told him, and others in his presence, that the research and  
development on the ink technology was complete, and that the product  
was ready to go to market, subject only to finances to market and produce  
it;  
September 16, 2013 transcript, p. 77, l. 14; Evidence of S. Bishop  
Adams told him, and others in his presence, that Suncastle/Majestic were  
the exclusive owners of this ink technology, and that no one else had it;  
September 16, 2013 transcript, p. 101; Evidence of S. Bishop  
Adams told him, and other investors, that the posters on the wall, including  
the large posters of Brittany Spears and Jennifer Aniston, had been printed  
with Souken Ink. We know from Carlo Toscano that they were printed in  
solvent ink.  
September 16, 2013 transcript, p. 53; Evidence of S. Bishop  
September 16, 2013 transcript, pp. 118 to 119; Evidence of S. Bishop  
September 18, 2013 transcript, p. 54; Evidence of Bruce Russell  
September 23, 2013 transcript, p. 46; Evidence of John Lynch  
September 25, 2013 transcript, p. 13; Evidence of Laurene Rogers  
October 2, 2013 transcript, pp. 101-102; Evidence of Noel  
Shahnazarian  
October 3, 2013 transcript, p. 98; Evidence of Carlo Toscano  
238 —  
October 7, 2013 transcript, p. 40; Evidence of Reg Rudko  
October 7, 2013 transcript, p. 47-48; Evidence of Mark Bilocerkowec  
At Adams direction, he sold shares in Majestic to investors, passing on the  
understandings that he had obtained from Adams.  
[
1017] In addition, the Crown called evidence from various investors regarding  
false information provided to them by Adams and on occasion, by Bishop.  
[
1018] Some evidence was called by the Crown from people who had worked at  
Majestic.  
[
1019] Finally, the Crown called Mr. De Souza regarding Ontario Securities Act  
violations.  
[
1020] The defence called Mr. Adams and four other witnesses who were involved  
with Majestic during the relevant time period. Those witnesses were John Dow,  
Thomas Brown, William Stark and Daniel LeBlanc.  
[
1021] The defence position is that the Crown evidence was marked by serious  
credibility and reliability concerns.  
[
[
1022] The Crown position is that Adams testimony is unworthy of belief.  
1023] Credibility and in some cases the reliability of witnesses is therefore the key  
issue at this trial and it must be the first issue resolved.  
[
1024] In assessing credibility there is one point that became abundantly clear as  
the trial unfolded. The general impression left with the court was that the closer  
most witnesses were to being part of Majestic while all this was taking place the less  
forthcoming they were on certain issues related to Majestic. A number of witnesses  
who testified at this trial were involved with Majestic as the shareholder funds were  
being acquired. In particular, Bishop, Shahnazarian, Arvanitis, Socholotiuk, Dow  
and Brown were all heavily involved with Majestic and Adams during the relevant  
time and in significant danger of being parties to these offences. They were all close  
to Majestic and had a vested interest in its success. It is therefore difficult to believe  
239 —  
that they were unaware of what was going on as they sometimes claimed. It is  
unfathomable that someone with even a moderate interest in Majestic would not  
have known that they were trying to develop the heating system to properly cure the  
revolutionary lumo color ink but were not successful. They had to know that the  
company then turned to the filling line and reusable cartridge projects, again without  
success. Finally, anyone involved with this company had to know that the company  
was generating very minimal sales. Potential investors were a constant presence.  
Business plans and power point presentations were prepared that clearly contained  
false information to attract investors yet no one claimed to know who prepared these  
documents, who used them or even to having knowledge about their contents. The  
point is that these witnesses are all potentially parties to the offences of fraud. They  
seemed cognizant of this and appeared to tailor some of their evidence accordingly  
notwithstanding the protection they have under the Charter as it relates to their trial  
evidence. These witnesses must have their evidence evaluated in light of this  
crucial fact.  
[
1025] Second, during the rendition of the evidence in this judgment there were a  
number of observations and comments made on the evidence itself. These  
comments and observations have been taken into consideration determining  
credibility and in determining the ultimate findings of fact made at this trial.  
[
1026] Turning then to Bishop’s credibility, it is apparent that Bishop’s credibility  
must be closely scrutinized. His evidence is an important part of the Crown’s case.  
The Crown argues that Bishop’s evidence was clear, reasonable and inherently  
consistent with common sense. The defence argues that Bishop is a wholly  
incredible witness and that it would be unsafe for the court to place any reliance on  
Bishop’s evidence. I find that the truth lies somewhere in between these two  
diametrically opposed positions.  
[
1027] I have reviewed and considered all of the arguments set out in paragraphs  
3 to 102 and 109 to 111 in defence submissions as to why Bishop’s credibility  
cannot withstand scrutiny and why his evidence should therefore be disregarded. I  
9
240 —  
have referred to a number of those points below. Those not referred to have been  
considered but had insufficient weight to be a serious factor in evaluating Bishop’s  
credibility. The following are the main factors to consider in the evaluation of  
Bishop’s evidence.  
[
1028] In addition to the general concern about Bishop’s evidence since he could  
potentially be considered a party to a common design in this entire incident, Bishop  
undoubtedly presents with his own unique credibility problems. They are as follows.  
[
1029] Bishop has been sanctioned by the Ontario Securities Commission and  
they would not renew his licence. That alone says something about his honesty.  
[
1030] In addition, Bishop indicated that he was upfront and disclosed this sanction  
and loss of licence to Adams, Brown and others involved with the company but there  
is evidence to contradict Bishop’s claim. It seems unlikely that he disclosed this  
information as it would be so contrary to his own interests.  
[
1031] Bishop was also dishonest with potential investors, i.e., telling Dr. Elke that  
the Majestic shares were available at below market valuation because a  
shareholder’s daughter had died and telling Douglas Paul that there was a minimum  
investment required of $100,000.  
[
1032] Bishop was found to have breached a number of Ontario Securities Act  
regulations at the Ontario Securities Commission hearing regarding these  
companies. His evidence that he accepted Brown’s advice about his being allowed  
to sell Majestic and Suncastle securities is not believable considering Bishop’s  
previous difficulties with the Ontario Securities Commission. If Bishop did just  
accept Brown’s advice he was purposefully being wilfully blind to the obvious and  
serious issue that presented itself. Either way his credibility is adversely affected.  
[
1033] Bishop testified that he had no real debts but then agreed that he a  
significant lien on his property for unpaid income taxes that were linked to the  
improper management fees he charged that led to the initial Ontario Securities  
241 —  
Commission sanctions. Bishop tried to explain this by saying that the matter was  
being appealed.  
[
1034] Bishop denied that that he only sold Suncastle’s Majestic shares to non-  
accredited investors. He later agreed that he told the Ontario Securities  
Commission investigators that accredited investors bought only from Majestic but  
non-accredited investors would buy from Suncastle.  
[
1035] Bishop had a motive to sell Majestic shares in that it was the basis of his  
commission.  
[
1036] It seems very unlikely that even if Bishop was initially misled by Adams that  
he would not have figured out fairly quickly the limited technologies that Majestic  
actually had. His claim to be in the dark about this up to the latter stages of these  
events does not seem plausible.  
[
1037] Bishop was vehemently contradicted by Adams.  
[
1038] These considerations all undermine Bishop’s credibility and I have no doubt  
that he was often less than truthful when he testified at this trial. However, as will be  
seen Adams suffers from the same unfamiliarity with the truth. So the question  
arises whether Bishop should be believed at all in that as claimed by the defence his  
evidence is so wholly incredible. The defence submits that Bishop’s evidence that  
he was simply parroting what Adams told him is not borne out.  
[
1039] I find that the most important factor in determining if Bishop is being truthful  
regarding what Adams told him is the evidence of the other witnesses. Therefore,  
the evidence in that regard must be canvassed and assessed.  
[
1040] The defence contends that, “The central problem with Bishop’s contention  
that he learned these things from the Defendant in their initial meetings is that he is  
contradicted significantly by witnesses who were at that meeting and who were at  
Majestic when Bishop ascended to CFO.” The defence points to Brown and  
242 —  
Shahnazarian in that regard.  
1041] However, Brown’s evidence regarding this meeting is quoted in this  
[
judgment and it indicates that even Brown understood that Shahnazarian had added  
a polymer to the ink and that’s what created souken ink. It does not match up  
completely with Bishop’s evidence but the more important point is that if Bishop was  
just making all of this up why does Brown believe that the polymer was added and  
the work on this aspect was complete? Brown’s evidence is critical since he was a  
witness who gave the impression of wanting to support Adams. He seemed  
unaware that this evidence would contradict Adams and support Bishop which  
makes it more worthy of belief. Brown’s evidence tends to corroborate that Adams  
was misleading people about his company’s participation in the creation of the lumo  
color or souken ink and lends some support to Bishop’s contention regarding what  
Adams led him to believe about the company.  
[
1042] Shahnazarian did not recall being present for the meeting. This is  
incredibly convenient if Bishop is telling the truth because Bishop’s version would  
implicate Shahnazarian as being complicit in the scheme.  
[
1043] Both Crown and Defence point to the evidence of the investors and  
sometimes Majestic employees who testified as supporting their respective positions  
regarding Bishop’s evidence. The Crown argues that numerous investors say  
essentially the same thing as Bishop while the defence argues that the investors  
differ on the core elements that the Crown states showed deceit and therefore do  
not provide corroboration for Bishop’s evidence.  
[
1044] Toscano’s evidence is also relevant to this issue. Toscano was challenged  
regarding certain aspects of his evidence such as the condition of the printers when  
he left Majestic, the invention of the canvas stretcher, whether he returned from  
Germany with a contract and also with respect to some minor disparities between  
his evidence at trial and his statement to police.  
243 —  
[
1045] However, Toscano’s credibility remained largely unscathed. The printer  
issue, the contract issue, and the canvas stretcher issue were never resolved  
against Toscano by the production of sufficient evidence to be convincing that  
Toscano was not being truthful about those issues.  
[
1046] Toscano’s evidence in totality accords with common sense and it is  
believable when considered along with the rest of the evidence at the trial,  
particularly as it relates to the accused. Toscano’s evidence regarding Adams  
control of these companies, Adams likely awareness of the business plans and  
Adams making false representations makes sense in the totality of the  
circumstances. It also accords generally with Bishop’s evidence and the evidence of  
the investors.  
[
1047] The Crown points to the following in submissions regarding their allegation  
that Adams told investors and others that souken ink was developed by or on behalf  
of Majestic.  
The Court heard evidence from multiple witnesses that, because of the  
actions of the accused, investors and others involved in Majestic were left  
with the false belief that Souken Ink had been developed by or on behalf of  
Majestic:  
a. Stephen Bishop testified that Mr. Adams, in a presentation delivered to  
him at the beginning of their dealings, told him that the ink had been  
perfected through the development of a polymer additive to it by  
chemist Noel Shanazarian.  
September 16, 2013 transcript, pp. 44 to 46; Evidence of S. Bishop  
b. Bruce Russell also indicated that he had been under the impression  
that Souken Ink had been developed by or on behalf of Majestic by a  
chemist with the name Noel.  
September 18, 2013 transcript, p. 70, l. 30 and p. 75, l. 10; Evidence  
of Bruce Russell  
c. Glenn Boles testified that he understood that the ink had been  
invented by a chemist in the employ of either Suncastle or Majestic;  
September 24, 2013 transcript, pp. 95 to 96; Evidence of Glenn  
Boles  
d. Laurene Rogers testified that Adams had referred to the ink as “his”  
ink, and suggested that he was planning on selling his ink, which was  
the first of its kind, to Staedtler. She was left with the clear impression  
244 —  
that Adams had invented the ink;  
September 25, 2013 transcript,p. 11, l. 20 and p. 13, l. 20; Evidence of  
Laurene Rogers  
e. Homeric Arvanitis testified that Adams had identified Shahnazarian as  
the “technical guy” with respect to the ink;  
September 26, 2013 transcript, pp. 13 to 14; Evidence of Homeric  
Arvanitis  
f. Paul Socholotiuk testified that Adams, along with Dash and Chilelli,  
stated that Lumo color ink was “under development” by Majestic to get  
it working;  
September 30, 2013 transcript, p. 28; Evidence of Paul  
Socholotiuk  
g. Tom Brown, Mr. Adams’ witness, testified that he had heard from Mr.  
Adams that Shahnazarian had added a polymer additive to the ink;  
December 18, 2013 transcript, p. 22, l. 1; Evidence of Thomas  
Brown  
h. Mr. LeBlanc, a defence witness and Mr. Adams friend, testified thathe  
obtained information about Majestic and Suncastle from Mr. Adams,  
and that he was lead to believe that the Souken ink had been created  
by Noel Shahnazarian;  
i. John Lynch testified that Adams had told him that the Souken Ink had  
been invented right in the Majestic premises, by “his”[Adams’] scientist.  
Adams had told him that Adams had patented the ink and owned the  
patent;  
September 23, 2013 transcript, p. 39, l. 1; Evidence of John Lynch  
September 23, 2013 transcript, p. 42, l. 11; Evidence ofJohn Lynch  
j. Douglas Paul testified that Adams had referred to the ink as being a  
Suncastle property, and that he had been lead to believe that Noel  
Shahnazarian had had a role in inventing the ink;  
September 24, 2013 transcript, pp. 7 - 8; Evidence ofDouglas Paul  
September 24, 2013 transcript, p. 52, l. 3; Evidence ofDouglas Paul  
k. Both Mr. Rudko and Mr. Bilocerkowec said that Adams had told them  
that Adams had invented the ink and that Majestic or Suncastle had a  
patent on the ink. There can be little doubt that this is what Adams  
said to them, as Rudko asked to see the patent, and was given an  
excuse by Adams as to why it could not be viewed. While Rudko and  
Bilocerkowec have differing recollections as to the nature of that  
excuse, it is clear that what was important to them, and what they  
would remember years later, is believing in the existence of the patent  
and wanting to see it. The reason given for why they could not see it  
would be of much less significance to them. Consistent with this belief,  
both also believed that Adams was owed money as the owner and  
developer of the ink.  
October 7, 2013 transcript, p. 4, 10-11, 29-30, 36; Evidence of Reg  
Rudko  
245 —  
October 7, 2013 transcript, p. 44 & p. 46, l. 18; Evidence of Mark  
Bilocerkowec  
The evidence was clear and overwhelming that neither Suncastle, Majestic  
nor Shahnazarian had had any role in the creation of the ink that was being  
advanced to investors as Souken Ink.  
October 2, 2013 transcript, p. 28; Evidence of Noel Shahnazarian  
October 2, 2013 transcript, pp. 49-50; Evidence ofNoel Shahnazarian  
Mr. Adams, in the end, agreed that there was never any polymer additive  
and stated that neither Suncastle nor Majestic or anyone working for either  
had had any role in the creation of Souken Ink. He simply denied, in the  
face of overwhelming evidence to the contrary, that he had ever told  
anyone that Suncastle or Majestic had been somehow involved in the  
creation of this ink. He also denied ever having told anyone that Majestic  
or Suncastle had a patent on the ink.  
While it is not suggested that precisely the same tales were being told  
uniformly to all investors, the fact that multiple witnesses have been left  
with the same erroneous belief creates the inescapable conclusion thatthis  
was a platform being advanced by Adams and Majestic.  
[
1048] The Crown also had submissions on the issue that Majestic was the only  
company on the market that had this revolutionary ink.  
This lie is of particular importance. What was central to the profitability of  
Majestic was not just that the company ostensibly had this revolutionary  
ink, but that it was the ONLY one in the market with said ink.  
Universally, shareholders who were asked indicated that, had they known  
the truth, that the ink was offered by Staedtler, its manufacturer, to multiple  
purchasers within the market, that knowledge would have served as a  
deterrent to investing.  
That this false belief was generated by Majestic and Adams appears to be  
undeniable:  
All of the investors indicated that they had this belief;  
September 18, 2013 transcript, pp. 21 to 22; Evidence of J. Hinchey  
September 23, 2013 transcript, p. 47, l. 1; Evidence of John Lynch  
September 24, 2013 transcript, p. 8-9, 16; Evidence of Douglas Paul  
October 7, 2013 transcript, p. 7; Evidence of Reg Rudko  
[
1049] In addition, the Crown pointed to the following evidence on this issue.  
The power-point investor presentation given to many investors stated that  
Majestic’s products, specifically including its inks, were “new technologies  
not presently available to the printing industry”;  
Exhibit 3: Majestic Investor Presentation  
Douglas Paul testified that Adams referred directly to this investor  
presentation while presenting to Mr. Paul and his wife;  
246 —  
September 24, 2013 transcript, pp. 15-16; Evidence of Douglas Paul  
Socholotiuk stated that Adams had told him that Majestic, exclusively, had  
this revolutionary ink;  
September 30, 2013 transcript, p. 29, l. 4; Evidence of Paul  
Socholotiuk  
Laurene Rogers testified that Mr. Adams directly told her that the Souken  
Ink was the “only one of its kind” and that no one else in the world had it;  
September 25, 2013 transcript, p. 13; Evidence of Laurene Rogers  
Toscano said that he had witnessed Adams telling investors that Majestic  
was the only company anywhere with this water-based ink that replaced  
solvent inks. When he confronted Adams about the untruth and detailed  
the various other parties who had this same ink, Adams told him not to tell  
investors about the European distributors, and was otherwise dismissive of  
his concerns;  
October 3, 2013 transcript, pp. 88-95, l. 1: Evidence of Carlo Toscano  
[
1050] The defence had these comments on the investor’s evidence.  
Multiple shareholders came forward with evidence about what they were  
told about the ink and its market-readiness. Some, like Dr. Harold Elke  
and Glenn Boles, only dealt with Bishop and/or Kevin Loman. The others,  
who claim to have spoken to the Defendant, presented a fractured  
narrative with each of them differing on the core elements that the Crown  
states showed deceit.  
Jeff Hinchey was the first Crown witness. He spoke to the Defendant only  
after investing but when he did, the Defendant spoke of the continuous ink  
delivery system. It was clear Staedtler supplied the ink and he understood  
that Majestic was the first company to bring it to market, and that they had  
only a 3-5 year window. The Defendant never claimed to have invented  
the ink. Hinchey knew it was a risky venture. Bruce Russell also spoke to  
the Defendant after he decided to invest. He also understood that Majestic  
was about a system and he never heard the Defendant say anything about  
inventing the ink or a polymer being added to the ink. He was also told  
about the riskiness of his investment but invested because of his friendship  
with Rob Biegerl. He made clear that he could not recall anyone saying to  
him that Majestic developed the ink but assumed it to be based on an  
inference from the business plan. He had no memory of the Defendant  
ever discussing a chemist.  
Douglas Paul came into contact with Majestic through Bishop. The  
Defendant took him on a tour of the plant but Paul did not remember who  
told him that they were working with Staedtler to perfect the ink. He stated  
early in his examination that the Defendant said the ink was a Suncastle  
property and that Shahnazarian created it or did so in conjunction with  
Staedtler but later said he could not remember exactly what the Defendant  
said about the ink aside from his chemist “working with Germans” and  
producing or fine-tuning the ink. He then agreed that the ink he was under  
the impression that the ink was close to perfected or close in a  
combination” of the ink and the curing technology. He agreed that there  
were a number of technical matters the Defendant spoke of that he did not  
247 —  
recall. Glenn Boles got all of his information from Bishop, who claimed that  
a chemist came up with the ink. Tom Minnett was clear that the Defendant  
told him that Souken ink was Lumo color ink and that Staedtler was making  
it for them. Minnett thought it was “pretty close to being ready”.  
None of these witnesses were able to definitely say that the Defendant  
claimed to have invented the ink or that Shahnazarian added a polymer to  
it. Several, including Hinchey and Minnett said that the Defendant was  
clear that Staedtler made the ink. None of them stated that the Defendant  
said the ink was “market-ready” with the most definitive statements being  
that the Defendant said it was “close” to market-ready. Hinchey and  
Russell stated that the risk was made clear to them before they invested,  
as did Minnett.  
The only witnesses who painted a more salacious picture of the  
Defendant’s representations about the ink were the Alberta investors,  
Lynch and Rogers. These witnesses suffer from significant reliability  
concerns. Their evidence cannot be accepted with respect to what the  
Defendant said.  
Reginald Rudko and Mark Bilocerkowec met the Defendant during the  
same tour. Their accounts differ significantly. Rudko claimed that the  
Defendant was on the tour of the Mainway facility with them and Bishop.  
The Defendant stated that Majestic had a patent on the ink but that it was  
being. He then clarified that the Defendant joined the tour at some point.  
The Defendant and Bishop claimed that the ink was being made a different  
facility and it was not necessary to see it because they had a patent on it.  
Bilocerkowec stated that Bishop took them on the tour and when Rudko  
asked where the production facilities were, Bishop answered that it was  
being made at Suncastle’s offices. Bilocerkowec stated that neither he nor  
Rudko asked the Defendant where the ink was being produced. The  
Defendant spoke to them about the printing process and converting other  
companies over to an eco-friendly printing system. The Defendant did not  
claim to have invented any ink and his only discussion of a patent was that  
it was held up “at a customs office”. As such, the two witnesses differ  
wildly on what the Defendant said about ink invention, production, location  
of patent or whether he was even on the tour. Both witnesses agreed they  
had spoken about Majestic several times in the intervening years.  
Laurene Rogers gave evidence that differed significantly from the other  
investors and suffered from serious credibility and reliability concerns. Her  
evidence was that Majestic developed ink and that their cartridges were IV-  
bags of ink. Staedtler was on board as a purchaser of the ink and a  
distributor for the ink and cartridges. Later in her evidence, she clarified  
that the Defendant never told her they developed the ink. He in fact spoke  
about “having” a great product. Conversely, she remembered that the  
Defendant spoke about developing the cartridge, which differed from every  
other investor who testified. She finally confirmed that she simply  
assumed” that Majestic invented the ink and the cartridges. Rogers’  
evidence is consistent with other investors in the sense that she had no  
memory of the Defendant actually claiming anything about the ink other  
than “having it”. When it came to actually pinning down a deceitful  
representation, Rogers was not able to point to anything reliable in the  
initial meetings when she decided to invest. The two that she did  that  
Majestic developed the cartridge and that Staedtler was buying ink  were  
248 —  
not plausible as they differed from what the Defendant apparently told  
every other investor about Staedtler’s role.  
Rogers’ credibility is also cause for concern. She minimized the contact  
she received from Fascio and Adams until the recording was produced.  
When asked whether she made the recording, she answered “I believeso”.  
This answer is not worthy of belief. It is implausible that Rogers would not  
remember making a recording at the Defendant’s home in which she  
identified Bishop and Fascio as the perpetrators of harassing phone calls.  
Her spontaneous utterance to the Court  that she thought recordings were  
not admissible in court  showed the consideration she had given to the  
matter. When finally confronted with the recording, she denied she lied in  
what she said on the recording and stated that was not there of her own  
free will only to reverse course again in re-examination, taking up the  
Crown’s suggestion that she had been coached. Her vacillation on this  
issue is telling. Similarly, when confronted with the signed letter, she  
stated she did not remember anything about a conference call and said  
she could not “be certain” that she listened in on a call before stating that  
she remembered being asked to give her opinion on what she heard in the  
call. The Defendant submits it is clear why she was not forthcoming in  
testifying about the harassing and threatening nature of Fascio and  
Bishop’s conduct after Majestic failed: Rogers was scared. As she stated  
on the recording, she was worried that she would lose her house. She  
presented as a nervous, fearful and confused witness. It would be unsafe  
to found a conviction on her evidence.  
John Lynch gave several answers that cast serious doubt on his credibility  
and impartiality as a witness. John Lynch is Steven Bishop’s man. He  
made that clear when he  a former fraud investigator  spoke openly  
about signing documents that Bishop handed him and noticed afterward  
that signatures appeared on the witness line that had not been affixed at  
the time. He stated that practice would have raised his suspicions about  
anyone but did not with Bishop. He testified that he trusted Bishop  
completely and did not blame him for anything that took place during his  
tenure as CFO. He then made a further surprising admission when he  
changed his evidence on the identity of the filling line inventor from his  
initial premises tour. At the OSC proceedings, he answered that he  
remembered Fascio invented that line in 2006. He told the Court that  
Fascio did not invent it and when impeached on that evidence, he stated  
that Fascio corrected him after the OSC testimony. Thus, not only was he  
speaking to Fascio after the hearing but rather, he spoke about matters  
which he testified to and found his memory amenable to change. This is  
behaviour that this Court must distance itself from. Indeed, the Crown in  
this case brought to the Court’s attention that the Defendant spoke briefly  
in the hall to Hinchey before his testimony and threatened to have him  
charged with Fail to Comply with Recognizance.  
The Crown was  
concerned with precisely the sort of behaviour that Fascio displayed in his  
dealings with Lynch. Further, Lynch admitted he has spoken several times  
to Bishop over the years about Majestic. It is inconceivable that Bishop did  
not shape Lynch’s memory as well, which proved increasingly suspect as  
his evidence went on. A clear example of this was his evidence with  
respect to ink production. Lynch claimed that the Defendant said that his  
chemist “invented” the ink and that he did so at the Mainway location. He  
then said that the Defendant told him the ink was “out back” at Mainway.  
249 —  
He changed his evidence later and stated that the Defendant told him they  
were producing the ink in South Korea. He had not disclosed this to the  
police or to the OSC and Lynch said he could not recall if he ever told  
anybody about this significant detail. He ended his evidence by trying to  
claim everything he said was accurate, as he stated that the Defendant told  
him that they invented Souken ink in the factory that he showed Lynch and  
then, sometime later, said that that ink was going to be produced in South  
Korea, shipped in bulk, and taken to the filling stations. Lynch’s suspect  
memory, combined with the clear influence that others held over him in the  
years leading up to the trial, makes it unsafe for this Court to rely on any of  
his evidence.  
[
1051] This is one of the reasons that each witness’s evidence was set out in  
considerable detail. It is important to note what each investor said and the nuances  
of what some people who worked in Majestic said. The reference to nuances refers  
to bits of evidence from people like LeBlanc and Brown who appeared to want to be  
supportive of Adams yet they referred to Adams mentioning either a polymer being  
added to the ink or to Shahnazarian having a hand in creating the ink. Neither of  
these propositions is true so their very existence in being attributed to Adams  
supports Bishop’s evidence and the investor’s evidence but discounts Adams  
version of events. Although it is on a relatively minor point it is critical evidence  
because it goes to the heart of Adam’s veracity on this issue and it is evidence that  
comes from defence witnesses who had no bias against Adams.  
[
1052] Therefore, there is considerable support for Bishop’s evidence in Brown’s  
evidence when he noted that he received information from Adams that  
Shahnazarian had added a polymer to the ink and in LeBlanc’s evidence that  
souken ink was created by Shahnazarian.  
[
1053] There are clearly differences in the investor’s evidence regarding what  
Adams told them about how souken ink was created, whether it was ready to go to  
market, the exclusivity and patent rights that Adams had, and how souken ink was  
being utilized to generate the posters hanging on the walls of Majestic. The  
reliability of several of these witnesses as to whether they accurately recalled their  
evidence was questioned but not their credibility. The credibility as well as the  
reliability of two significant Crown witnesses, who were also investors, John Lynch  
250 —  
and Laurene Rogers, was questioned.  
[
1054] Rogers and Lynch both had some relatively minor memory issues but  
considering the detail being requested and the lengthy time period between these  
events and the witness's testimony at trial some memory issues are to be expected.  
These witnesses had some memory lapses but these lapses were not so grievous  
as to seriously undermine their reliability.  
[
1055] The more serious defence contention relates to the veracity of these two  
Crown witnesses. The defence contends that Rogers gave false testimony because  
she was afraid of Fascio and that Lynch should not be believed because he was not  
impartial as he was “Bishop’s man.”  
[
[
1056] I will deal first with the submission related to Laurene Rogers.  
1057] Rogers evidence about the taped conversation with Adams and the letter  
referred to in her evidence is concerning and could lead to the conclusion that she is  
afraid of ramifications from Fascio going forward as she had been enticed by Adams  
to get involved with Printing Components and she may very well have been  
concerned about her liability in that regard. Does this lead to the conclusion that  
she lied about her dealing with Adams concerning his representations to her about  
Majestic and her purchase of shares? It does not, since these appear to be two  
separate and to a certain extent unrelated issues. There is some commonality  
involved since both parties were involved in both companies but the central  
circumstances of their dealings with these two companies are not related. It was  
certainly not clear how Roger’s fear of Fascio regarding her involvement in Printing  
Components would cause her to lie about her involvement with Adams regarding her  
own money as it was invested in Majestic. In addition, Roger’s version of the  
dealings she had with Adams accords with common sense but more importantly it is  
consistent with the belief reached by many other investors.  
[
1058] The defence position regarding John Lynch’s evidence being tainted by  
251 —  
collusion with Bishop and/or Fascio is not sustainable. Lynch is a former police  
officer and fraud investigator. This fact does not make him infallible as it appears  
clear the Bishop was able to pull the wool over his eyes on certain aspects of this  
venture. However, he did not impress as the type of weak minded individual that  
would be influenced to alter his evidence based on his relationship with someone,  
even someone, like Bishop, whom Lynch would consider a friend. Lynch did change  
a minor fact in his evidence after speaking to Fascio but his admission in that regard  
and his apparent desire to get it right after his memory was refreshed bolsters his  
credibility more than it detracts from it.  
[
1059] The second part of the submission that must be assessed is the disparity in  
the investor’s evidence from one investor to another.  
[
1060] The most telling aspect of the evidence from the investors is not the  
difference in the detail from investor to investor. If anything these differences  
highlight that these witnesses were not in collusion with each other to get Adams.  
The other most telling aspect is the consistency from the various investor witnesses  
concerning their understanding about the potential profit in this revolutionary ink, that  
Adams’ company had invented it or had the exclusive rights to it and that it was  
ready to go or virtually ready to go after some fine tuning. Not every investor  
witness says it in the same way or had the same understanding and the detail  
clearly varies from witness to witness. However, after speaking to Adams, or  
sometimes Bishop and receiving the same general story investors reached the  
same conclusion. They were almost salivating at the opportunity to invest in  
Majestic. No investor understood that this company really had no technologies,  
including the so called revolutionary, souken ink, that were not available on the open  
market. No investor understood that they had no real business process as detailed  
by Mr. De Souza in his evidence. No investor understood that Majestic had  
repeatedly failed to perfect any of the technologies necessary to be successful and  
profitable. No investor understood that any company could purchase lumo color ink  
from Staedtler and that neither Suncastle, nor Majestic had any patent or exclusivity  
252 —  
rights over this ink. No investor understood that Majestic was desperate for money  
to stay in business. In addition, the magnitude of the investments made by the  
investors is, to a certain extent, in and of itself, significant evidence that the investors  
were not told the truth about the true state of affairs at Majestic. The totality of the  
evidence clearly establishes that if the true state of affairs were known to potential  
investors not one of them would have invested their money in Majestic.  
[
1061] The bottom line is that Bishop’s evidence standing alone cannot be trusted.  
Bishop presents with too many credibility concerns. However, his credibility on the  
issue of what Adams told him is bolstered by the following.  
[
1062] Adams and Majestic needed money fast if they were to stay in business.  
[
1063] Bishop was clearly viewed as a person with access to high end clients who  
could raise money for the company.  
1064] There was therefore, a very strong motive for Adams to bring Bishop on  
[
board and to give him the ammunition to entice investors to invest in Majestic. If the  
true story about Majestic was known to investors no one but the greatest risk taking  
investors would have put any money into this company.  
[
1065] The investors provide evidence that does not match Bishop’s evidence in  
every detail and certainly there are memory gaps but the general propositions are  
remarkably similar. The investor evidence therefore, supports Bishop’s evidence  
regarding what Adams told him about the company.  
[
1066] In addition, certain aspects of Bishop’s evidence concerning what Adams  
told him are also supported by the evidence in the business plans and the power  
point presentations provided to investors. The Crown noted the following in that  
regard.  
The Majestic Business Plan, in every one of its versions, supported this  
false belief.  
i. Under the Majestic Souken Inks - Competition, the Business Plan states  
that there is presently no competition for these products in Canada.  
253 —  
Further, it stated that there was a 6-18 month competitive advantage,  
which further suggests product exclusivity. If the product were not  
exclusive to Majestic, the competitive advantage would not be time limited.  
ii. Under Majestic’s Focus – Souken Inks, the Business Plan states that “no  
other products on the market compare”. Of course, other products on the  
market, also made by Staedtler and labeled otherwise, were exactly the  
same.  
Exhibit 4, 16, 24  
The Suncastle Group of Companies Business Plan also described an ink  
with these properties which was "only available through the Suncastle  
Group". It is clear that this lie was being told early on, and was continued  
over an extended period.  
Exhibit 89: Suncastle Group of Companies Business Plan, p. 12  
The power-point investor presentation given to many investors stated that  
Majestic’s products, specifically including its inks, were “new technologies  
not presently available to the printing industry”;  
Exhibit 3: Majestic Investor Presentation  
[
1067] Adams denied saying these things to Bishop, he denied making any false  
assertions about Majestic, he denied having knowledge of the business plans or the  
power point presentation and he denied being the directing mind and will of Majestic,  
especially after the November 2006 shareholder meeting when he resigned from  
Majestic’s board of directors.  
[
1068] The starting point in evaluating Adams evidence has to be assessing the  
degree of participation Adams had in these companies and specifically in Majestic.  
There is no issue that Adams was the directing mind and will and a controlling block  
shareholder of Suncastle during the entire time period in question. Adams  
maintained in his evidence that Majestic was run by consensus and that he was  
merely a consultant after November 2006. Adams clearly resigned from Majestic’s  
board of directors in November 2006 but it is still a live issue as to whether he  
continued to be the directing mind and will of Majestic.  
[
1069] The Crown submission on this point is as follows.  
1
.
All of the evidence demonstrates clearly that Mr. Adams was the  
controlling or directing mind of Majestic, and in complete control of  
the company throughout the period of this fraud.  
254 —  
2
3
.
.
While he resigned from the Board of Directors in November of  
2
006, that did not affect his position as the controlling mind of the  
company.  
The controlling mind of the corporation is defined as the person  
who directs the way in which the company is managed, irrespective  
of title.  
October 10, 2013 transcript, p. 59; Evidence of Paul DeSouza  
4
.
The evidence demonstrates beyond question that Mr. Adams was,  
in fact, the controlling mind of Majestic:  
October 23, 2013 transcript, p. 48, l. 17; Reasons on the  
Directed Verdict Motion  
a. Adams founded and incorporated the company;  
b. Virtually all of the witnesses described Suncastle and Majestic  
as either being inextricably connected, or as them appearing to  
be one company;  
c. While Adams denied being the controlling mind, he testified that  
no one person was in charge, notwithstanding that there was a  
President of the Corporation. In essence, he admitted that the  
President was not in charge;  
December 6, 2013 transcript, pp. 38-41; Evidence of Herbert  
Adams  
d. Adams had enough control over Suncastle to place his son, who  
was in his 20s and had no formal training or experience, in the  
position of Vice President of Marketing and Graphic Design  
Specialist, making $68,000/a;  
September 25, 2014 transcript, p. 5; Evidence of Laurene  
Rogers  
Exhibit 55: Application for Credit  
Exhibit 56: Letter dated February 9, 2006  
e. Adams, when telling Ms. Rogers about Majestic, referred to the  
company as “my company” and indicated that he had  
developed the company;  
September 25, 2014 transcript, p. 10, l. 13; Evidence of  
Laurene Rogers  
f. Both companies operated out of the same premise;  
g. Adams hired most, if not all, of the people who worked at  
Majestic: Bishop, Arvanitis, Toscano, Socholotiuk, Yaworski;  
September 26, 2013 transcript, p. 16, l. 11; Evidence of  
Homeric Arvanitis  
September 30, 2013 transcript, pp. 22-23; Evidence  
of Paul Socholotiuk  
255 —  
October 8, 2013 transcript, p. 107; Evidence of Anthony  
Yaworski  
h. Arvanitis described Adams as “the controlling mind” of Majestic,  
the "go-to guy", the boss. Adams determined Arvanitis' pay.  
Part of the reason for which Arvanitis ultimately left Majestic  
was his discomfort with being in a situation where "one man  
called the shots, and even though we were friends I didn't like  
the aspect of Herb was always in control";  
September 26, 2013 transcript, p. 32; Evidence of Homeric  
Arvanitis  
September 26, 2013 transcript, p. 16, l. 11; Evidence of  
Homeric Arvanitis  
September 26, 2013 transcript, p. 34, l. 7; Evidence of  
Homeric Arvanitis  
i. Adams determined compensation of employees at Majestic;  
j. Dale Hicks said that Adams was clearly in charge of both  
Suncastle and Majestic. According to Hicks, Adams was still  
directing the issuance of cheques out of Majestic’s accounts  
well after he was off of the board, and Rob Dash, the President,  
was reporting to Adams;  
September 26, 2013 transcript, pp. 49 - 51; Evidence ofDale  
Hicks  
k. Hicks indicated that she had been concerned that Adams made  
continuous changes and that he and some others in control of  
Majestic would routinely write cheques to themselves, without  
being on payroll. It was concerning enough that she wrote a  
note to the Chartered Accountant, Tony De Luca, asking for a  
group meeting to deal with Mr. Adams’ behaviour.  
September 26, 2013 transcript, pp. 49 - 51; Evidence ofDale  
Hicks  
Exhibit 68: Note from Dale Hicks to Tony De Luca  
l. In 2007 to 2008, according to Dale Hicks, Adams would  
determine when and how much Steve Bishop was paid from  
Majestic;  
September 26, 2013 transcript, pp. 91 - 92; Evidence ofDale  
Hicks  
m. Bruce Russell testified that Adams “was the mastermind”, and  
that he appeared to be the “President and CEO” of the  
company;  
September 18, 2013 transcript, p. 56; Evidence of Bruce  
Russell  
n. Socholotiuk said that Adams was in complete control of  
Majestic;  
September 30, 2013 transcript, p. 44; Evidence of Paul  
Socholotiuk  
256 —  
o. Anthony Yaworski said that Herb Adams was “always in charge”  
of Majestic;  
October 8, 2013 transcript, p. 120, l. 26; Evidence of  
Anthony Yaworski  
p. John Lynch understood that Adams owned both companies;  
September 23, 2013 transcript, p. 40, l. 20: Evidence ofJohn  
Lynch  
q. Even well into 2007, a long period after Adams had ceased to  
be in any official control of Majestic, he moved Socholotiuk from  
Suncastle to Majestic, making hiring decisions for Majestic;  
September 30, 2013 transcript, p. 44; Evidence of Paul  
Socholotiuk  
r. Shahnazarian said that, even when he was President of  
Majestic, he was reporting to Adams.  
October 2, 2013 transcript, pp. 51-52; Evidence of Noel  
Shahnazarian  
s. Adams brokered the sale of Kricfalusi’s shares in Majestic to  
Laurene Rogers on October 16, 2007, well after he had  
resigned from the Board;  
September 25, 2013 transcript, p. 25 to 27; Evidence of  
Laurene Rogers  
t. In January of 2008, when Majestic was in contract negotiations  
with MCP, Adams was providing written instructions as to how  
the contract should be amended to Tom Brown, the lawyer on  
behalf of Majestic;  
December 9, 2013 transcript, pp. 21-27; Evidence of Herbert  
Adams  
Exhibit 139: Draft Technical Services Agreement with  
handwritten notes  
u. Paul DeSouza found, on the basis of the various records of  
Majestic, that Mr. Adams continued to play a primary role in the  
making of decisions at Majestic even after he resigned from the  
Board of Directors.  
October 10, 2013 transcript, p. 60, l. 13; Evidence of Paul  
DeSouza  
5
.
It is also telling that Adams, who purported to separate himself from  
Majestic, made it a precondition for investment into Suncastle that  
one was required to invest into Majestic as well.  
September 23, 2013 transcript, p. 40, l. 28: Evidence of John  
Lynch  
September 24, 2013 transcript, p. 22; Evidence of DouglasPaul  
6
.
In the end, the evidence supporting the conclusion that Adams was  
257 —  
the controlling mind of both Majestic and Suncastle is  
overwhelming.  
[
1070] Points 1, 2 and 6 are conclusions the Crown urges upon the court and so  
they are not, in and of themselves persuasive. Points 4(d) and (e) are evidentiary  
points argued by the Crown but they are not particularly persuasive. However, the  
remaining points made by the Crown in submissions are valid and persuasive.  
[
1071] The defence submitted the following regarding the controlling mind issue.  
‘The Crown submitted that the Defendant was the controlling or directing  
mind of Majestic throughout its period of operations until spring of 2008.  
As such, the Defendant would be liable for representations made during  
that period, including in documents such as the Majestic business plans  
that were circulated to potential investors. The evidence does not support  
the Crown’s theory. The preponderance of reliable evidence suggests that  
the Defendant was not the controlling mind of Majestic after he stepped  
down from the Board of Directors in November 2006.”  
[
1072] The defence then argued that there was “no way to link the defendant to  
the representations in the business plan.”  
[
1073] Finally, the defence submitted the following on this issue.  
The controlling mind evidence also became clearer as the trial moved on.  
The Crown relied on Bishop, Dale Hicks and some investors who claimed,  
in their limited exposure to the Mainway premises, that the Defendant  
controlled Majestic. But that view was belied by several other employees  
and managers at Majestic who pointed away from the Defendant as a  
controlling mind. Shahnazarian stated that while the Defendant controlled  
Suncastle, it was Bishop who ran Majestic. Brown made clear that the  
Defendant did not control Majestic and pointed to the Board of Directors as  
controlling.  
He proffered his reason: all of the Defendant’s  
recommendations for Majestic went to the Board for approval. Brown  
received his instructions from the Board and saw its operation throughout  
the period in question. His evidence alone raises a doubt as to the  
Defendant’s role as “controlling mind”. His evidence also corroborated the  
Defendant’s evidence that he stepped down because of health concerns  
and stepped away from control over Majestic. Several witnesses, including  
Hicks, spoke of the Defendant struggling with his health. The Defendant’s  
answer was both plausible and corroborated. He left Majestic in the hands  
of those he believed would help it survive and flourish. His influence could  
not have extended to control for, as 2008 came, he was attempting to buy  
the company back. Even Laurene Rogers noted that she believed PCom  
was the Defendant’s attempt to “get control back” as did John Dow. It does  
not make sense that the Defendant would engineer a takeover of a  
company he already controlled. Further, it does not make sense that a  
company the Defendant controlled would then lock him out of the premises  
258 —  
in March 2008 and allow a lien to be placed on the assets without his  
knowledge. The circumstances around Majestic’s collapse paint the  
clearest picture of a company that had moved well away from the control  
the Defendant had before November 2006. It was not his company  
anymore and he did not direct it.”  
[
1074] Brown’s evidence at page 44 of the transcript of December 18, 2013 was  
that Adams was the directing mind and will of both Majestic and Suncastle in the  
early stages. He testified that this changed with respect to Majestic when Adams  
resigned in November 2006. Brown specifically contradicted Adams evidence that  
prior to his resignation from Majestic it was really a co-operative effort. Even after  
Adams resignation from the board of directors Brown would accept instructions from  
Adams concerning Majestic although he would then confirm those instructions with  
the de facto controlling power which was the board of directors.  
[
1075] Shahnazarian and Brown’s evidence is not persuasive on the controlling  
mind issue because of their closeness to Adams. Plus Brown’s reasoning relates to  
technical legal control not de facto control which other witnesses indicated still  
resided with Adams even after his resignation from Majestic’s board of directors.  
Adams obviously had some health problems but they did not prevent him from  
calling the shots at Majestic. Adams put Bishop in place as CFO at a point in time  
when the evidence indicates that he was in control of Bishop. Adams controlled a  
significant number of Majestic shares, either through Suncastle or through other  
people holding Majestic shares in trust for him. The defence makes a valid point  
that the company was not in Adams control at the end when he was locked out and  
made efforts to get the company back. However, this shift in control only took place  
at the very end when Adams puppet, Bishop, refused to do Adams bidding any  
longer and the technical legal control that the board of directors had was  
transformed into de facto control. This falling out seems to have been precipitated  
largely by Adams trying to take de facto control of Majestic by turning it into a public  
company through Printing Components which Adams controlled.  
[
1076] To conclude on his issue, I find that the evidence is overwhelming that  
Adams was the directing mind and will of Majestic right up until the end when he had  
259 —  
the falling out with Bishop and then Bishop began to exert the de facto control  
available to him and the board of directors.  
[
1077] This leads directly into an assessment of Adams’ evidence concerning his  
purported lack of knowledge about the business plans and the power point  
presentation used to persuade investors to invest in Majestic. As argued by the  
defence Adams likely did not have the technical expertise, or the computer  
expertise, to directly create any of the business plans or the power point  
presentation that have been tendered into evidence. However, Adams was the  
directing mind and will of these companies. He was in control right up to the power  
struggle with Bishop as Majestic imploded. He was the person in charge or the boss  
if you will. Adams created these companies, it was his vision that was being  
implemented, and he was in control of a significant number of shares for both  
Suncastle and Majestic. It was “his company. Adams was paid by the company for  
his work on the business plan, although I view this as a relatively minor point in  
comparison to the control Adams exercised over these two companies. Arvanitis  
testified that Adams approved everything after various persons drafted their  
respective parts of the business plan. He also testified that the business plan he  
was shown was different than what he recalled and he testified that someone must  
have changed it after he left the company in 2005. Adams however was still in  
control and it is therefore inconceivable that Adams did not know of and approve the  
contents of these documents. Brown described Adams as the person that people  
would go to in both companies if they had questions about how things were to be  
done. I find that Adams was fully aware of the contents of these documents and the  
use that was being made of these documents in terms of being given to potential  
investors as a means to induce them to invest in Majestic.  
[
1078] These documents contained several obvious falsehoods. Their contents  
tend to corroborate the evidence of Bishop and the investors concerning what  
Adams told them and they also stand to contradict Adams on that issue.  
[
1079] In addition, the Crown pointed to the following regarding points for the court  
260 —  
to consider in evaluating Adams trial evidence.  
It is submitted that Mr. Adams’ testimony was wholly unworthy of belief.  
His evidence was internally inconsistent, evasive, and markedly  
inconsistent with other evidence in the trial:  
a. During cross-examination, Mr. Adams was noticeably evasive and  
unresponsive, and had to be asked many questions numerous  
times, and ultimately prompted by the court to be more responsive  
to questions;  
December 16, 2013 transcript, p. 47, p. 57, l. 25; Evidence of  
Herbert Adams  
b. At times, Adams’ testimony simply made no sense:  
i.  
For example, Adams denied that, at the time when  
Majestic amalgamated, he had given shares to the  
group of shareholders contained in “Holdco” (1669636  
Ontario Inc.) as some type of compensation for their  
losses from the failed Juma venture, as Steven Bishop  
had indicated. Mr. Adams denied any correlation, but  
appeared to intermittently suggest that it was some sort  
of coincidence that that particular group of people, who  
all happened to have been Juma shareholders, were  
grouped together under a single corporation and given  
Majestic shares out of Adams’ personal holdings. He  
suggested that they may have made some sort of  
unidentified donation to explain their receipt of shares,  
and offered no indication as to what the donations had  
been, or why this group of people had been lumped  
together under a numbered corporation.  
December 6, 2013 transcript, pp. 63-73; Evidence of  
Herbert Adams  
ii.  
Mr. Adams claimed that the reason for selling shares by  
way of a loan and conversion agreement was because  
he had hoped to just get a loan from the investors and  
not ultimately lose the shares, notwithstanding that these  
shareholders were clear in their intention to just buy the  
shares. Given that the loan and conversion agreements  
gave the power to choose between repayment of the  
loan and conversion to shares exclusively to the  
investor, this evidence made absolutely no sense;  
December 9, 2013 transcript, pp. 46-47; Evidence of  
Herbert Adams  
c. Mr. Adams changed his evidence mid-stream on multiple  
occasions:  
i.  
He testified, at various times, that the contract with  
Staedtler gave Suncastle completely exclusivity over the  
sale of Lumo Color Ink, and then that it only gave  
private brand” exclusivity (meaning that Suncastle  
would relabel the ink as Souken Ink, and be the  
exclusive owner of that name, so that others could also  
261 —  
sell Lumo Color under their own names);  
ii.  
He initially testified that he was the controlling mind of  
Majestic, then said that he only controlled the R & D,  
then said that no one was actually at the helm of  
Majestic;  
iii.  
He initially said that he had had no input into the  
Suncastle Group of Companies Business Plan, then he  
said that he had initially had input into it, “but then that  
changed all over”.  
December 6, 2013 transcript, p. 49, l. 31 & p. 50, l. 3;  
Evidence of Herbert Adams  
iv.  
He said that his understanding of the meaning of  
accredited investor” that he had expressed to the police  
during his police interview had come from his own  
internet research. He then said that he had gone onto  
the internet to research he meaning of “accredited  
investor” because it was brought up during his police  
interview. When it was pointed out to him that those two  
positions were inconsistent, he said that he couldn’t  
remember what caused him to do research on the  
internet about it. Then he said that he had researched  
the question before the police interview to assess his  
exposure in civil suits.  
December 9, 2013 transcript, pp. 51-53; Evidence of  
Herbert Adams  
d. Mr. Adams gave evidence that directly contradicted most other  
witnesses:  
i.  
He testified that Majestic and Suncastle were separate  
companies, operating at arm’s length. This was directly  
contradicted by virtually all other evidence in the trial,  
including that of Mr. DeSouza.  
December 6, 2013 transcript, p. 31, l. 28; Evidence of  
Herbert Adams  
ii.  
He contradicted almost all of those who worked at or for  
Majestic, when he said that he was not in control of the  
company. Though he had disputed the evidence of Dale  
Hicks, who had indicated that he gave her direction on  
entries into the books of Majestic, there were clear hand-  
written instructions from him to Ms Hicks, telling her how  
to enter certain cheques from investors into Majestic,  
even at a time after he had resigned from the Majestic  
board;  
September 26, 2013 transcript, p. 92; Evidence of  
Dale Hicks  
December 6, 2013 transcript, p. 37, l. 11; Evidence of  
Herbert Adams  
Exhibits 141 & 142: chequeswith handwritten notes  
262 —  
from Adams  
iii.  
iv.  
He testified that he had not hired any of the people who  
had all indicated that he was responsible for hiring them,  
with the exception of Socholotiuk, who was hired by  
Adams on the basis of a “group decision”.  
December 6, 2013 transcript, p. 51, l. 15 to p. 53;  
Evidence of Herbert Adams  
His own witness and good friend, Daniel LeBlanc,  
testified that he understood from Mr. Adams that the  
Souken Ink had been made by Noel Shahnazarian.  
January 2, 2014 transcript, p. 41; Evidence ofDaniel  
LeBlanc  
v.  
He contradicted numerous investors, who said that he  
told them that Suncastle or Majestic had a role in the  
creation of the ink;  
vi.  
He was contradicted by his own witness, John Dow, in  
saying that he had never reviewed the Majestic  
Business Plan with any investor;  
December 9, 2013 transcript, p. 58, l. 26; Evidence of  
Herbert Adams  
December 17, 2013 transcript, pp. 38-40; Evidence of  
John Dow  
vii.  
He claimed that he had had no input into the Majestic  
Business Plan, although the Majestic General Ledger  
showed that he had been paid $600 for work that he had  
done on the Business Plan;  
viii.  
Mr. Adams testified that, as far as he was aware, the  
Souken Coating did not exist. However the other  
evidence demonstrated that he had lead people believe  
that this coating had been created and perfected, was  
being used, and belonged to Suncastle.  
September 23, 2013 transcript, p. 43, l. 6; Evidence  
of John Lynch  
January 2, 2014 transcript, pp. 38-39; Evidence of  
Daniel LeBlanc  
ix.  
Mr. Adams denied having told anyone that posters  
hanging in the Majestic offices were printed in Souken  
Ink.  
This assertion was contradicted by multiple  
witnesses  
September 16, 2013 transcript, p. 53; Evidence of S.  
Bishop  
September 16, 2013 transcript, pp. 118 to 119;  
Evidence of S. Bishop  
September 18, 2013 transcript, p. 54; Evidence of  
Bruce Russell  
263 —  
September 23, 2013 transcript, p. 46; Evidence of  
John Lynch  
September 25, 2013 transcript, p. 13; Evidence of  
Laurene Rogers  
October 2, 2013 transcript, pp. 101-102; Evidence of  
Noel Shahnazarian  
October 3, 2013 transcript, p. 98; Evidence of Carlo  
Toscano  
October 7, 2013 transcript, p. 40; Evidence of Reg  
Rudko  
October 7, 2013 transcript, p. 47-48; Evidence of  
Mark Bilocerkowec  
December 16, 2013 transcript, p. 4, l. 5; Evidence of  
Herbert Adams  
e. It is clear that Adams lied to Laurene Rogers when he assured her  
that she would soon get her money for the $25,000 loan to  
Kricfalusi. He advised her that he would work on getting her money  
back, but that the loan and conversion agreement would have tobe  
redone because it was “stale dated”. At that point in time (April 25,  
2
008), the company had collapsed. It is clear that any further  
agreement over Majestic shares would have had no impact on  
Adams’ ability to get Rogers’ money back, and that this was simply  
a stall tactic. Further, Adams’ failed to tell Rogers that, without her  
consent, her loan had been converted to shares in Majestic which  
were worthless.  
September 25, 2013 transcript; p. 41 to 42; Evidence of  
Laurene Rogers  
Exhibit 62: transfer of sharesfrom CBK Enterprisesto Laurene  
Rogers  
f. Adams told Reg Rudko and Mark Bilocerkowec that Majestic had  
earned $13.6 Million in profit the previous year (2006), which is  
clearly false.”  
October 7, 2013 transcript, p. 5; Evidence of Reg Rudko  
October 7, 2013 transcript, p. 49; Evidence of Mark  
Bilocerkowec  
[
1080] This was the defence response concerning Adams credibility at trial.  
The Defendant testified. He was not shaken on the core of his evidence.  
He was confused at times and gave long-winded answers but, unlike  
Bishop, had no glaring inconsistencies or lies. He funded Majestic at its  
outset. He wanted it to have multiple revenue streams. He turned over  
control in November 2006. He relied on several people, including  
Toscano, Brown and Shahnazarian with respect to understanding what  
Staedtler was agreeing to in providing the ink. He relied on Toscano and  
Fascio to understand how close the heating device and continuous ink  
264 —  
delivery system were to completion. He relied on Brown for securities  
advice. He had nothing to do with the technical parts of the business  
plans. He was up front with investors, spoke of the risk involved, and  
focused on the continuous ink delivery system. He shared his hope that  
the company would go public someday but, as evidence by his acquittal at  
the OSC on this charge, did not give a firm date as to when the company  
would go public. He never represented that he or his company invented  
the ink. If his evidence is accepted, he is entitled to be acquitted.  
If this Court decides not to accept the Defendant’s evidence, it must still be  
left in a reasonable doubt by the preponderance of evidence in this trial.  
[
1081] The Crown submission is full of specific points which undermine Adams  
credibility. These are all valid points and they are supplemented by the points noted  
in the summary of Adams evidence in Part I of this judgment.  
[
1082] The evidence in this regard is so overwhelming that the defence response  
is justifiably limited to repeating the main points of Adams denials and explanations  
and maintaining that he was telling the truth while alternatively proposing that if the  
court decides not to accept Adams evidence the Crown has still not proven its case  
beyond a reasonable doubt. At one point in the defence submissions it was argued  
that Brown’s evidence supports Adams as Brown testified that he sat in on meetings  
between Adams and potential investors and he did not hear Adams say anything  
that he knew to be false. If he had heard this he would have corrected Adams.  
Brown’s evidence has to be evaluated in light of the concern mentioned earlier that  
Brown himself was knee deep in Majestic’s affairs and had an abiding interest in  
Majestic’s success. In addition, Brown’s evidence is contradicted by the investors  
who testified at trial.  
[
1083] I find that Adams was not a truthful witness on crucial points regarding the  
extent of his involvement with Majestic, his knowledge of the business plans and  
power point presentations and with respect to his false representations to Bishop  
and the investors. For the reasons already mentioned his evidence on these points  
is rejected.  
[
1084] There is one more important issue that has to be resolved concerning  
Adams credibility. It relates to whether Adams involvement regarding the admitted  
265 —  
breaches of the Ontario Securities Act was “the result of dishonest activity” or “rather  
a series of mistakes that came about as a result of incorrect advice.”  
[
1085] As indicated in the evidence of Mr. De Souza, at the Ontario Securities  
Commission hearing involving this matter, Mr. Adams was found to have violated the  
Ontario Securities Act regulations. Adams violated the following provisions of the  
Ontario Securities Act. He did not register under the Ontario Securities Act; he did  
not file a prospectus; He sold both Majestic treasury shares and he sold secondary  
shares contrary to the Ontario Securities Act regulations; Adams was found to have  
distributed securities without a prospectus contrary to the public interest; He was  
found to have engaged in unregistered trading contrary to the public interest.  
[
1086] Adams was also charged with giving undertakings relating to the future  
value of Majestic shares and making prohibited representations regarding future  
listings of Majestic shares on an exchange but he was found not to be liable with  
respect to these two allegations.  
[
1087] The defence position on this issue is found at paragraph # 113 of written  
submissions:  
The Defendant was found to have breached the Securities Act. However,  
he was acquitted by the OSC for any offence related to misrepresentations  
to investors. The Crown has argued that the Defendant’s breaches put  
investor monies at risk. The difficulty with the Crown’s position is that  
several of the breaches took place on the advice of Thomas Brown. While  
that does not excuse the Defendant at the Securities Commission where  
negligence is enough to found a finding of breach, it does, in the criminal  
context, eliminate the primary requirement under the fraud framework in  
that it precludes a finding of dishonest act.  
[
1088] I would point out what I believe is an unintentional misstatement in the  
submissions. The evidence indicates that Adams was found not liable for making  
prohibited representations regarding future listings of Majestic shares on an  
exchange.” Adams was not acquitted by the Ontario Securities Commission for “any  
offence related to misrepresentations to investors.” I believe that there is a critical  
difference as to what Adams was acquitted of by the Ontario Securities Commission  
in that it is much narrower in scope then what is stated in submissions. From the  
266 —  
evidence elicited at this trial the court cannot conclude that, at the Ontario Securities  
Commission hearing, Adams was not found to have made “any prohibited  
misrepresentations or undertakings” at all to investors, only that he was found not  
liable for making “prohibited representations regarding future listings of Majestic  
shares on an exchange.”  
[
1089] In oral submissions the defence clarified their position regarding the mens  
rea requirement when considering these breaches. Counsel said this:  
.first off, there was a link between the breaches and the deprivation for  
the purposes of the fraud count, and then for mens rea it would behave  
to be that there’s evidence that Your Honour believed beyond a reasonable  
doubt showed that an accused wasintended to do that dishonest  
conduct, which is to say, intended to thwart the securities regulations, or  
was reckless as to whether his conduct thwarted the securities regulation  
in—and then that’s linked back to the deprivation as well.  
[
1090] So the issue then is whether the Crown has established beyond a  
reasonable doubt that Mr. Adams intended to thwart the securities regulations or  
whether Mr. Adams was reckless as to whether his conduct thwarted the securities  
regulations. In order to determine this Adams’ credibility regarding his contention  
that his breaches of the Ontario Securities Act regulations were done on the advice  
of his lawyer Thomas Brown.  
[
1091] This is the defence submission in that regard at paragraph 114:  
Brown explained the rationale behind a number of the breaches. It was  
Brown who recommended that the November 16, 2006 shareholder  
meeting include an amendment to the articles of amalgamation removing  
the 50 shareholder restriction. As he explained, he did so without being  
aware of the consequences of his recommendation relative to securities  
regulations. Brown also explained that it was his understanding, at the  
time, that there was a seed capital exemption that would allow the  
company to solicit up to 50 people and sell up to 25 people. Further, he  
believed that employees who became shareholders were exempt from the  
calculus. The Crown has not proven that the Defendant aimed to skirt  
securities regulations; rather, all the evidence has shown is that the  
Defendant erred by relying on Brown. The Crown’s conclusion does not  
simply arise from the Defendant’s evidence. Bishop  the Crown’s key  
witness  agreed that he relied on Brown when he was making securities  
transactions and he did so having already been sanctioned by the OSC  
and thus, having had experience with the Act. Finally, the core of the  
evidence comes from Brown, a barrister and solicitor who had no reasonto  
fabricate that he was the source of the faulty advice that created the  
267 —  
securities breaches.  
[
1092] Bishop’s evidence was as follows as noted previously in this judgment:  
Bishop admitted that he was not registered to sell securities but that his  
advice from the lawyer, Tom Brown and the accused was that he did not  
need a licence. It did not occur to him that because of the trouble he’d  
previously been in with the OSC that he should look into this further.  
Bishop said that he had accepted the advice of Tom Brown who he  
believed was a lawyer with experience in securities law. He indicated that  
the accused also told him that he’d dealt with numerous companies in the  
same way and if it became an issue then they would advise him.  
[
1093] Bishop’s evidence on this issue indicates that he relied on Brown and  
Adams advice that he could sell securities without a licence. As noted previously I  
am sceptical that Bishop disclosed his previous difficulties with the Ontario  
Securities Commission to Adams and the other people involved with Majestic.  
Therefore, it is highly unlikely that he disclosed to them that he had lost his licence  
to sell securities. They all deny that he disclosed his Ontario Securities Commission  
troubles to them. Brown, in his evidence, denied speaking to Bishop about  
securities advice. In addition, Bishop’s credibility, particularly as it relates to his own  
self-preservation, is dubious. In the result Bishop’s evidence on this point does not  
assist Adams.  
[
1094] Brown was clear in his evidence at page 43 of the transcript of December  
8, 2013 that he had told Adams “all along” that he was not securities counsel.  
1
Brown testified that Adams was aware of the fact that Brown had limited knowledge  
of securities law. At page 60 Brown testified that Adams was aware the Brown did  
not know much about securities from the start of their relationship.  
[
1095] Brown’s further evidence on this issue was summarized as follows:  
Brown testified that he had never practiced securities law and that any  
securities related advice or information was strictly based on his past  
recollection and having taken securities at law school.  
Brown testified that, at the time, he believed that under the Securites Act  
there was a seed capital exemption which allowed solicitation of up to fifty  
people and to sell up to twenty-five people without having a prospectus.  
Brown also said that in order for a Canadian controlled private corporation  
to qualify under the Income Tax Act it was not allowed to have more than  
268 —  
fifty shareholders. The reason for the November 2006 amendment  
previously mentioned was to allow for more than fifty shareholders.  
Brown testified that he initially believed secondary shares could be sold  
without the purchaser being an accredited investor but after a discussion  
with Bishop he believed that the purchaser had to be an accredited  
investor. He did not speak with Bishop regarding securities advice. He did  
not recall speaking to others regarding securities advice as he had a  
limited knowledge about the exemptions and the sale of shares to  
accredited investors.  
In cross-examination Brown indicated that he had given legal advice to  
Adams regarding both Majestic and Suncastle throughout the entire period.  
Brown made clear however that he was definitely not a securities counsel  
and that Adams was aware of the fact that Brown had limited knowledge  
regarding securities law. Brown testified that he had imparted information  
regarding securities law “off the cuff” but that he had indicated that they  
really need to get a securities lawyer on board.”  
[
1096] Brown also testified that he was aware that you could not group a bunch of  
shareholders into one corporation and call it one shareholder. He told Adams that  
and it that would not the ideal or proper way to do it. He did not tell Adams that it  
was okay to do this.  
[
1097] At page 55 of the transcript, Brown said this about the legal advice he  
provided to Adams:  
Q. Okay. Now one of the things that we heard from Mr. Adams yesterday,  
and on previous days, is that he made all of these share distributions on  
your advice.  
A. That he made all of his share distributions….  
Q. Well, he said, “I was relying on the advice”. I, I challenged him on a  
number of different faulty exemption reliances  let’s call it that  and he  
said, “I was relying—I always relied on the advice of Tom Brown”. Does  
that accord with your recollection of events?  
A. Well, I don’tI would disagree with that statement, that he was relying  
on my advice in regards to the legality of the, of the sales and transfers; I  
don’t think that’s a fair statement to attribute to me.  
Q. Why is that?  
A. Because I didn’t provide securities advice; in fact my recollection of  
discussions with Mr. Adams over time would  well, I don’t think I’m  
allowed to say, I don’t think privilege has been waived — but I can, can  
state that I, that I did not provide him securities advice or assurances that  
the sales and transfers he was doing and the manner in which funds were  
being raised was legal.  
Q. Okay. Let’s go back to….  
A. I was not  sorry to interrupt  I was not aware that the manner in  
269 —  
which he was doing it contravened securities law but I certainly did not  
provide him with any assurance that it was legal.  
Q. Okay. Did you ever discuss, or did he ever discuss with you, the  
concept of what a prospectus is?  
A. Yes, but not in the context of this company.  
Q. Okay. In the context of previous companies?  
A. In the context of a previous company, yes.  
Q. Okay. Did you ever tell him that he was free to sell shares as he  
wished from a corporation?  
A. No.  
Q. Did you tell him that there were restrictions to the sale of shares from a  
corporation?  
A. He was aware of the restrictions; I made him aware of the restrictions  
regarding the number of shareholders that you could have for the private  
company and, and of the number of shareholders, or persons that you  
could make solicitations to, under the seed capital exemption.  
Q. Okay. Now have you since learned a bit more about how that works?  
A. I did get a bit of an education regarding the requirements of the  
Securities Act in or around November 29, 2011.  
[
1098] Brown’s evidence must also be evaluated in light of the potential concern  
that he may have been a party to a common design regarding Majestic. Brown  
certainly had an interest in Majestic’s success since he was holding Majestic shares  
in trust for Adams and believed the day would come when he would receive  
compensation for his legal work by Adams assigning a good portion of these shares  
to him. Therefore, the self-preservation angle from Brown’s perspective must be  
considered in the evaluation of his evidence.  
[
1099] I find that Brown did give some “off the cuff’ securities advice to Adams.  
That advice was provided in an atmosphere where everyone involved was looking  
for the least difficult option and an atmosphere where Adams and others were eager  
to readily accept any advice that fostered their initiative to raise funds for Majestic.  
However, I also find that Brown clearly cautioned Adams that he was not securities  
counsel and that they really needed to get a securities counsel on board.  
[
1100] Adams claims that he did not intentionally or recklessly violate the  
provisions of the Ontario Securities Act in that he relied on the advice of his lawyer  
270 —  
Thomas Brown and on the advice of Steven Bishop. The evidence belies this claim.  
Brown contradicted Adams on this part of his evidence notwithstanding Brown had  
an evident bias in favour of Adams. Brown’s bias terminated when Adams  
attempted to lay the blame for the Ontario Securities Act violations at Brown’s  
doorstep. Brown’s evidence in this regard makes sense. He is not a securities  
lawyer and Adams knew this.  
[
1101] I find that Adams was an experienced enough business person that he was  
well aware of the existence of the Ontario Securities Act and its general purpose  
was to regulate the selling of shares and/or the distribution of securities. This is an  
inescapable inference from the circumstantial evidence heard at this trial. Adams  
was sufficiently aware of the Ontario Securities Act that he attempted in various  
ways to defeat what he understood to be the 50 shareholder limit as a perceived  
exemption. Adams did this by purposely grouping shareholders in Holdco and by  
trying to count them as only one shareholder in Majestic. He delayed adding the  
names of three shareholders, Lynch, Suspendaire, and Le Blanc in order to try and  
look like there were less than 50 shareholders in November 2006. Adams was  
clearly aware of the accredited investor exemption and made a flimsy attempt to  
generate the paperwork that might pass a cursory inspection. The falsification of the  
accredited investor forms points to both a basic knowledge of the Ontario Securities  
Act requirements and it is indicative of a deliberate attempt to circumvent the  
requirements of the Ontario Securities Act. Adams also tried to circumvent the  
selling of shares being classified as a distribution of securities by using the loan  
conversion agreements. All of this was done to avoid filing a proper prospectus that  
would have necessitated full, frank and fair disclosure by Majestic.  
[
1102] For these reasons, I reject Adams evidence that his breaches of the Ontario  
Securities Act were not “the result of dishonest activity” but “rather a series of  
mistakes that came about as a result of incorrect advice.”  
[
1103] The defence also argued that the Crown has failed to show that the Ontario  
Securities Act breaches truly put the investor’s money at risk in this particular case.  
271 —  
[
1104] The irony of the situation is that if Adams and Majestic had complied with  
the Ontario Securities Act and filed a proper prospectus it was unlikely to have been  
accepted by the Ontario Securities Commission or if “full, frank and fair disclosure”  
had been provided in a prospectus this very significant loss of investor’s funds would  
not have transpired. Either way these innocent investors would not have lost their  
investments. As noted in Zlatic, “other fraudulent means” can include situations of  
non-disclosure of important facts. A prospectus is exactly that. It is a document that  
fully disclosures all important facts so that the potential investor can make an  
informed choice as to whether or not to invest his/her funds. The purpose of the  
Ontario Securities Act is to:  
"
To provide protection to investors from unfair, improper or fraudulent  
practices", (section 1.1).  
[
[
1105] It does this by means of putting:  
"
restrictions on fraudulent and unfair market practices and procedures."  
1106] These circumventions of the Ontario Securities Act were therefore directly  
linked to these investors investing their funds in Majestic. Their funds were  
immediately at risk under these dishonest circumstances and their funds were  
ultimately lost. There is a clear nexus between this unfair practice of lack of full  
disclosure and the loss of the investor’s funds.  
[
1107] In addition, if a prospectus existed the court would not be in the position of  
having to sort out the evidence and weigh the credibility of Adams versus the  
evidence of the investors as to what Adams and Majestic said they had to offer  
potential investors. This would have been clearly stipulated in the prospectus and  
there would be no evidentiary contest about these representations.  
[
1108] In addition, Adams violated the Ontario Securities Act by selling off his  
secondary shares in Majestic and by selling shares at $1.00 per share. The selling  
of secondary shares, without notice, was essentially Adams bailing out on his own  
company, while still soliciting investments. The share price was also clearly a  
situation that resulted in incoming investors being immediately diluted out. Mr. De  
272 —  
Souza explained the inherent dishonesty that is involved in both of these situations.  
1109] Therefore, I find that Adams breached the Ontario Securities Act in  
[
numerous ways and also that Adams intended to thwart the Ontario Securities Act.  
The evidence is very strong on this point. At the very least, in the totality of the  
circumstances, the evidence is overwhelming that Adams was reckless in breaching  
the Ontario Securities Act.  
Conclusion:  
[
1110] For the reasons stipulated I reject Adams evidence concerning his degree  
of involvement with Majestic, his denial of making false assertions about Majestic to  
Bishop and to the investors, and his denial that his actions were a deliberate attempt  
to thwart the Ontario Securities Act. Adams evidence was filled with inconsistencies  
and elusiveness. He was contradicted by Bishop, by the investors, by Brown and  
others who were involved in Majestic and by his own business plans and the power  
point presentation used to solicit investment in Majestic.  
[
1111] Bishop’s evidence could not stand alone due to the obvious credibility  
issues. However, Bishop’s claim of being told false information about Majestic by  
Adams is supported by the investor’s evidence. It is supported in a peripheral way  
by others involved in Majestic. It is supported by the business plans and the power  
point presentation used by Adams and others to solicit investments for Majestic.  
[
1112] The investor’s evidence from investor to investor contains some  
inconsistencies but the major consistency of falsehoods being told by Adams to  
entice investment in Majestic was a constant.  
[
1113] I find that Adams made false representations to the shareholders and  
specifically to John and Claudia Lynch and to Laurene Rogers to entice them to  
invest in his companies.  
[
1114] I find that Adams made false representations to Bishop which Bishop then  
273 —  
passed along to Harold Elke in order to entice Elke to invest.  
1115] I find that Adams consistently made false representations to potential  
[
investors to entice them to invest in Majestic and they did so invest. There is a  
direct connection between these false representations made by or on behalf of  
Herbert Adams and the deprivation sustained by the investors. All of these people  
lost all of the money they invested.  
[
1116] The law is relatively straight forward and it is easily applied once these  
findings of fact have been made.  
[
1117] Therefore, because of the false representations made to the investors by  
Adams or by Bishop as a result of Adams false representations to Bishop and the  
deprivation due to the loss of funds which is directly linked to these false  
representations, I am satisfied beyond a reasonable doubt on the totality of the  
evidence that Mr. Adams is guilty of all four counts of Fraud over $5000.00 in the  
information.  
[
1118] In addition, the deliberate, or at the very least reckless, breaches of the  
Ontario Securities Act by Adams were most egregious, and in and of themselves,  
would constitute “other fraudulent means” and so lead to a conviction on all four  
counts as well. The thwarting of these protective measures led directly to the  
investors’ loss of funds. The Ontario Securities Act regulations were put in place to  
prevent exactly what happened here, which is to prevent unscrupulous business  
persons making false claims about a business and/or not making full, frank and fair  
disclosure about a company to fairly and honestly allow a potential investor to make  
an informed decision as to whether or not to invest their money in such a company.  
[
1119] The total loss in this case is as follows. The total loss for Mr. and Mrs.  
Lynch was $250,000. The total loss for Ms. Laurene Rogers was $35,000. The total  
loss for Dr. Elke was $96,000. The total for the remaining shareholders of Majestic  
is difficult to ascertain with certainty but a total of 5.3 million dollars was invested and  
274 —  
not recovered. It was not established that all of the money invested by each specific  
shareholder was invested based on misrepresentations by Adams. However, even  
without misrepresentations being established in each specific case the purposeful  
violations of the Ontario Securities Act constitutes other fraudulent means for the  
purposes of the Criminal Code offence of fraud.  
Released: August 13, 2014  
Signed: “Justice R.J. LeDRESSAY”  


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