EXHIBIT 1
JOINT FILING AGREEMENT AMONG FRIEDMAN, BILLINGS, RAMSEY GROUP, INC.,
ERIC F. BILLINGS, EMANUEL J. FRIEDMAN AND W. RUSSELL RAMSEY
WHEREAS, in accordance with Rule 13d-1(k) under the Securities and
Exchange Act of 1934 (the "Act"), only one joint statement and any
amendments thereto need to be filed whenever one or more persons are
required to file such a statement or any amendments thereto pursuant to
Section 13(d)of the Act with respect to the same securities, provided that
said persons agree in writing that such statement or amendments thereto is
filed on behalf of each of them;
NOW, THEREFORE, the parties hereto agree as follows:
FRIEDMAN, BILLINGS, RAMSEY GROUP, INC., ERIC F. BILLINGS, EMANUEL J.
FRIEDMAN AND W. RUSSELL RAMSEY hereby agree, in accordance with Rule
13d-1(k) under the Act, to file a statement on Schedule 13G relating
to their ownership of Common Stock of the Issuer and do hereby further
agree that said statement shall be filed on behalf of each of them.
FRIEDMAN, BILLINGS, RAMSEY GROUP, INC.
Dated: June 12, 2000 By: /s/ EMANUEL J. FRIEDMAN
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Name: Emanuel J. Friedman
Title: Chairman
Dated: June 12, 2000 /s/ ERIC F. BILLINGS
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Eric F. Billings
Dated: June 12, 2000 /s/ EMANUEL J. FRIEDMAN
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Emanuel J. Friedman
Dated: June 12, 2000 /s/ W. RUSSELL RAMSEY
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W. Russell Ramsey
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Item 9. Notice of Dissolution of Group:
Not Applicable
Item 10. Certification:
By signing below I certify that, to the best of my
knowledge and belief, the securities referred to above were
acquired and are held in the ordinary course of business and
were not acquired and are not held for the purpose of or
with the effect of changing or influencing the control of
the issuer of the securities and were not acquired and are
not held in connection with or as a participant in any
transaction having that purpose or effect.
In accordance with Rule 13d-4 of the Securities Exchange Act
of 1934, each of the persons filing this statement expressly
disclaims the beneficial ownership of the securities covered
by this statement and the filing of this report shall not be
construed as an admission by such persons that they are the
beneficial owners of such securities.
SIGNATURE
After reasonable inquiry and to the best of my knowledge and belief,
I certify that the information set forth in this statement is true,
complete and correct.
FRIEDMAN, BILLINGS, RAMSEY GROUP, INC.
Dated: June 12, 2000 By:
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Name: Emanuel J. Friedman
Title: Chairman
Dated: June 12, 2000
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Eric F. Billings
Dated: June 12, 2000
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Emanuel J. Friedman
Dated: June 12, 2000
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W. Russell Ramsey
Original Signature Page
