SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 8-K
CURRENT REPORT
PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
Date of report (Date of earliest event reported): January 6, 2000
Knight/Trimark Group, Inc.
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(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)
Delaware 000-14223 22-3689303
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(State or Other (Commission File No.) (IRS Employer
Jurisdiction of Identification No.)
Incorporation)
525 Washington Boulevard, Jersey City, NJ 07310
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(Address of Principal Executive Offices, including Zip Code)
(201) 222-9400
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(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
N/A
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(Former Name or Former Address, if Changed Since Last Report)
Item 2. Acquisition or Disposition of Assets.
On January 6, 2000 (the "KT Closing Date"), pursuant to the terms
of an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the "Merger Agreement"), dated as of
the 17th day of November, 1999, as amended, by and among KT Holding
Company, a Delaware corporation ("Parent"), KT Acquisition I Corp., a
Delaware corporation ("SubKT"), AH Acquisition I L.L.C., a Delaware limited
liability company ("SubAH"), Knight/Trimark Group, Inc., a Delaware
corporation ("KT"), Arbitrade Holdings LLC, a Delaware limited liability
company ("AH") and Tarmachan Capital Management, Inc., Tarmachan Capital
Co., Deephaven Inc., Gildor Trading, Inc., Irvin Kessler, Efraim Gildor,
Peter Hajas, Merrill Ferguson and Mark Lyons (together, the "Members"), KT
reorganized into a holding company structure as further described below.
Separately, on January 12, 2000 (the "AH Closing Date"), pursuant to the
terms of the Merger Agreement, Parent acquired from the Members all of the
outstanding Class B membership interests of AH (the "AH Membership
Interests").
AH is a technologically advanced options market maker and asset
manager, with operations in the U.S. and Europe.
Parent, a newly formed holding company (which was originally
named KT Holding Company but upon completion of the transactions assumed
the name Knight/Trimark Group, Inc. while KT assumed the name
Knight/Trimark, Inc.), formed two Delaware merger subsidiaries to undertake
two separate transactions. One of such subsidiaries, SubKT, was merged
with and into KT on the KT Closing Date (the "KT Merger"), while the
second, SubAH, was merged with and into AH on the AH Closing Date (the "AH
Merger"), with the result that each of KT and AH became wholly owned
subsidiaries of Parent.
The KT Merger was undertaken in the form of a holding company
reorganization pursuant to the terms of Section 251(g) of the Delaware
General Corporation Law. Such a reorganization did not require stockholder
approval and resulted in the automatic exchange of shares of Class A Common
Stock, par value $.01 per share, of KT for shares of Class A Common Stock,
par value $.01 per share, of Parent, on a one-for-one basis. Following the
closing of the KT Merger, the directors and officers of KT immediately
prior to such closing hold the same offices with Parent. As a result of
the KT Merger, KT is no longer a public company (but is rather a wholly
owned subsidiary of Parent) and Parent replaced KT as the NASDAQ-listed
publicly-owned company.
In accordance with Delaware law, certificates that previously
represented shares of Class A Common Stock of KT are automatically and
without exchange deemed to represent shares of Class A Common Stock of
Parent. The Class A Common Stock of Parent is listed on the Nasdaq
National Market under the symbol "NITE".
Pursuant to the terms of Rule 12g-3(a) under the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"), the Class A Common
Stock, par value $.01 per share, of Parent, as successor issuer to KT,
shall be deemed registered under Section 12(g) of the Exchange Act.
Separately, the AH Merger resulted in AH becoming a wholly owned
subsidiary of Parent. The Members received 10,505,001 shares of newly-
issued Class A Common Stock of Parent in exchange for all outstanding Class
B membership interests in AH, such shares of Class A Common Stock
representing approximately 8.6% of the outstanding stock of Parent. The
number of shares received by the Members was calculated based on an
exchange ratio which was determined through arms-length negotiation.
The foregoing description of the Merger Agreement contained in
this Form 8-K is a brief summary of the provisions thereof but does not
purport to be complete. This summary is qualified in its entirety by
reference to the Merger Agreement, a copy of which is attached hereto as an
exhibit and incorporated herein by reference.
Item 7. Financial Statements, Pro Forma Financial Information and
Exhibits.
The following financial statements and pro forma financial information are
hereto attached and filed as part of this report:
(a) Consolidated Financial Statements of Business Acquired:
Page
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Consolidated Audited Financial Statements of Arbitrade Holdings
LLC and Subsidiaries for the nine-months ended September 30,
1999 and for the years ended December 31, 1998 and 1997
Report of Independent Auditors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition as of September
30, 1999 and December 31, 1998 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the nine-months ended
September 30, 1999 and for the years ended December 31, 1998
and 1997 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Consolidated Statements of Members' Equity for the nine- months
ended September 30, 1999 and for the years ended December 31,
1998 and 1997 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine-months ended
September 30, 1999 and for the years ended December 31, 1998
and 1997 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements . . . . . . . . . . . 12
(b) Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Statement
Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Statement of
Financial Condition as of September 30, 1999 . . . . . . . . . 29
Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Statement of
Operations for the nine-months ended September 30, 1999 . . . 30
Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Statement of
Operations for the year ended December 31, 1998 . . . . . . . 31
Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Statement of
Operations for the year ended December 31, 1997 . . . . . . . 32
Notes to Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial
Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
(c) Exhibits
Exhibit No. Description
2.1 Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of November 17, 1999,
by and among KT Holding Company, a Delaware corporation, KT
Acquisition I Corp., a Delaware corporation, AH Acquisition
I L.L.C., a Delaware limited liability company,
Knight/Trimark Group, Inc., a Delaware corporation,
Arbitrade Holdings LLC, a Delaware limited liability
company, Tarmachan Capital Management, Inc., Tarmachan
Capital Co., Deephaven Inc., Gildor Trading, Inc., Irvin
Kessler, Efraim Gildor, Peter Hajas, Merrill Ferguson and
Mark Lyons, as amended by Amendment Number One thereto on
December 14, 1999. (without exhibits)
3.1 Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of
Knight/Trimark Group, Inc.
3.2 By-Laws of Knight/Trimark Group, Inc.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf
by the undersigned hereto duly authorized.
KNIGHT/TRIMARK GROUP, INC.
(Registrant)
DATE: January 12, 2000 By: /s/ Robert I. Turner
-------------------------------
Name: Robert I. Turner
Title: Director, Executive Vice
President and Chief Financial
Officer
Item 7. Financial Statements, Pro Forma Financial Information and Exhibits
Item 7(a). Consolidated Financial Statements of Business Acquired
Report of Independent Auditors
The Members
Arbitrade Holdings LLC
We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of financial
condition of Arbitrade Holdings LLC and subsidiaries as of September 30,
1999 and December 31, 1998, and the related consolidated statements of
operations, members' equity and cash flows for the nine months ended
September 30, 1999 and the years ended December 31, 1998 and 1997. These
financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management.
Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements
based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing
standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to
obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free
of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis,
evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial
statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used
and significant estimates made by management as well as evaluating the
overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits
provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly,
in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Arbitrade
Holdings LLC and subsidiaries at September 30, 1999 and December 31, 1998,
and the consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for
the nine months ended September 30, 1999 and the years ended December 31,
1998 and 1997, in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles.
December 20, 1999
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
Arbitrade Holdings LLC and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
September 30, December 31,
1999 1998
---------------------------------
ASSETS
<S> <C> <C>
Cash $ 173,240 $ 323,079
Receivables from clearing brokers 2,794,424 33,732
Other receivables 1,105,089 731,323
Loans receivable from members 9,460,721 -
Securities owned 411,414,083 310,812,032
Investments in private investment funds 21,871,662 6,887,983
Other investments 2,692,634 1,466,504
Exchange memberships, at cost 3,952,513 1,106,003
Property, leasehold improvements and equipment, net 6,925,917 3,205,314
Intangibles, net 6,494,636 -
Other assets 903,434 1,217,469
------------------------------------
$ 467,788,353 $ 325,783,439
====================================
LIABILITIES AND MEMBERS' EQUITY
Short-term borrowings $ 7,267,828 $ 1,016,766
Securities sold, not yet purchased 325,344,324 219,261,420
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase 10,269,533 11,191,000
Payables to clearing brokers 52,846,149 59,780,751
Payables to members 2,927,227 12,101,837
Compensation payable 7,510,163 6,588,550
Accrued expenses and other liabilities 2,221,917 10,090,741
-------------------------------------
Total liabilities 408,387,141 320,031,065
Members' equity 59,401,212 5,752,374
-------------------------------------
Total liabilities and members' equity $ 467,788,353 $ 325,783,439
=====================================
See accompanying notes.
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Arbitrade Holdings LLC and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Operations
Nine months ended
September 30, Year ended December 31,
1999 1998 1997
REVENUES
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Net trading revenue $53,045,754 $47,207,083 $38,293,902
Asset management and incentive fees 14,909,013 6,134,265 7,389,188
Interest and dividends 3,462,132 3,269,301 2,532,623
Other income 2,759,426 1,519,936 476,577
-------------------------------------------------
Total revenues 74,176,325 58,130,585 48,692,290
Interest and dividend expense 4,647,256 2,872,603 3,131,634
-------------------------------------------------
Net revenues 69,529,069 55,257,982 45,560,656
-------------------------------------------------
OPERATING EXPENSES
Employee compensation and benefits 17,022,084 14,701,359 13,113,807
Exchange, clearing and brokerage fees 4,171,817 2,002,217 1,311,002
Exchange seat lease 2,630,308 3,003,282 1,233,095
Depreciation and amortization 1,400,870 1,383,791 404,221
Communications and data processing 1,012,362 1,104,296 1,033,661
Professional fees 905,547 1,112,158 779,837
Business development 711,027 548,939 269,082
Rent 354,436 300,947 257,366
Other operating expenses 1,928,407 1,371,563 429,672
------------------------------------------------
Total operating expenses 30,136,858 25,528,552 18,831,743
------------------------------------------------
Income before income taxes 39,392,211 29,729,430 26,728,913
Foreign income taxes - 500,000 -
------------------------------------------------
Net income 39,392,211 29,229,430 $26,728,913
================================================
Less: net income allocable to Class A units
of membership interests 17,633,605 12,678,082
-------------------------------
Net income allocable to Class B units of
membership interests $21,758,606 $16,551,348
=============================
See accompanying notes.
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Arbitrade Holdings LLC and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Members' Equity
Nine months ended
September 30, Year ended December 31,
1999 1998 1997
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Balance at beginning of period $ 5,752,374 $14,227,231 $ 9,063,566
Member contributions 21,100,568 - 7,472,978
Member redemptions - (8,474,857) (2,894,399)
Receivable for member contributions (6,843,941) - -
Member distributions - (29,229,430) (26,143,827)
Net income 39,392,211 29,229,430 26,728,913
-------------------------------------------------
Balance at end of period $59,401,212 $ 5,752,374 $14,227,231
==================================================
See accompanying notes.
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Arbitrade Holdings LLC and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Nine months
ended
September 30, Year ended December 31,
1999 1998 1997
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Net income $39,392,211 $ 29,229,430 $26,728,913
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash
provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization 1,400,870 1,383,791 404,221
Equity in net income of private investment funds (1,633,043) (195,062) (364,147)
(Increase) decrease in receivables from clearing
brokers (2,760,692) 5,561,058 4,593,962
Increase in securities owned (67,602,051) (191,580,704) (93,716,976)
Decrease (increase) in other assets 314,035 (687,115) (527,952)
Increase in other receivables (373,766) (119,287) (522,710)
Increase in securities sold, not yet purchased 76,082,904 114,494,942 75,224,212
(Decrease) increase in securities sold under
agreements to repurchase (921,467) 11,191,000 -
(Decrease) increase in payables to clearing brokers (6,934,602) 55,457,025 4,323,726
Increase (decrease) in compensation payable 921,613 (842,738) 6,375,220
(Decrease) increase in accrued expenses and other
liabilities (33,987) 1,391,094 (109,408)
-------------------------------------------
Net cash provided by operating activities 37,852,025 25,283,434 22,409,061
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Purchases of property, leasehold improvements and
equipment (5,048,500) (2,439,659) (1,719,154)
Investments in private investments funds (13,350,636) (1,572,206) (1,368,699)
Loans to members (18,637,636) (21,569,169) -
Repayments of loans to members 9,176,915 21,569,169 -
Purchases of exchange memberships (2,846,510) - (1,106,003)
(Purchases)/sales of other investments, net (1,226,130) 983,555 (2,046,382)
Acquisition of specialist operations (9,567,609) - -
-------------------------------------------
Net cash used in investing activities (41,500,106) (3,028,310) (6,240,238)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Increase in short-term borrowings, net 6,251,062 1,016,766 -
Member contributions 14,256,627 - 7,472,978
Member redemptions (7,834,837) (2,894,399) -
Member distributions (9,174,610) (20,175,419) (23,611,489)
------------------------------------------
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities 3,498,242 (22,053,052) (16,138,511)
-------------------------------------------
Net (decrease) increase in cash (149,839) 202,072 30,312
Cash at beginning of period 323,079 121,007 90,695
-------------------------------------------
Cash at end of period $ 173,240 $ 323,079 $ 121,007
============================================
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information
Cash paid for interest $ 4,701,274 $ 2,535,101 $ 2,719,422
Cash paid for foreign income taxes - - -
See accompanying notes.
</TABLE>
Arbitrade Holdings LLC and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
1. Organization and Basis of Presentation
Arbitrade Holdings LLC ("Holdings"), a holding company formed on January 1,
1998, is a Delaware limited liability company whose principal wholly-owned
subsidiaries include Arbitrade, L.L.C. (formerly "NU Twins LLC"),
Laboratory for Computerized Trading LLC ("LCT"), Arbitrade U.K. Ltd.,
Deephaven Capital Management LLC, Deephaven Capital LLC and Deephaven
Investment Advisers LLC. Arbitrade, L.L.C. operates as a market maker in
options and trader in equities, debt instruments and related exchange-
traded derivatives. Arbitrade, L.L.C. is a registered broker-dealer with
the Securities and Exchange Commission. Arbitrade U.K. Ltd. is a market
maker in options and trader in equities and exchange-traded derivatives,
trading on most major exchanges in Europe. LCT provides the technology
support and development for Arbitrade, L.L.C., Arbitrade U.K. Ltd., and the
Company's asset management business. Deephaven Capital Management LLC,
Deephaven Capital LLC and Deephaven Investment Advisers LLC operate as
investment managers and sponsors for a series of limited partnerships,
offshore corporations and limited liability companies.
As of January 1, 1998, the LLC interests of Arbitrade, L.L.C. and LCT were
exchanged for LLC interests in Holdings. In addition, Deephaven Capital
Management LLC and Deephaven Capital LLC were formed as operating
subsidiaries of Holdings to continue the business previously done through
Tarmachan Capital Management and Tarmachan Capital Co. (collectively, the
"Tarmachan S corporations"), respectively. The assets and liabilities of
the Tarmachan S corporations as of January 1, 1998, including the
agreements to manage the assets of the private investment funds which had a
carrying value of zero, were exchanged for LLC interests in Holdings. All
assets and liabilities contributed in the formation of Holdings retained
their then current carrying values due to the common ownership of the
businesses before and after the formation of Holdings.
Arbitrade U.K. Ltd. began trading operations on February 1, 1998 to carry
on the business previously done by Kessler Asher Derivatives Gmbh ("Gmbh").
As of January 1, 1998, Gmbh and its parent, Kessler Asher International
L.P., were wholly owned by Holdings. The net assets of Gmbh and Kessler
Asher International L.P. as of February 1, 1998 were transferred to
Arbitrade U.K. Ltd. as a capital contribution from Holdings. After the
transfer, Gmbh and Kessler Asher International L.P. were liquidated.
As of February 1, 1998, Deephaven Investment Advisers LLC was formed to
serve as the investment manager and sponsor for a new group of private
investment funds.
The consolidated financial statements as of and for the nine months ended
September 30, 1999 and the year ended December 31, 1998 include the
accounts of Holdings and its wholly-owned subsidiaries (collectively, "the
Company"). The combined financial statements for the year ended December
31, 1997 consist of the following predecessor companies of the Company, all
under common control: NU Twins LLC, LCT, Tarmachan S corporations and Gmbh.
The financial statements for all periods presented are presented in U.S.
dollars. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been
eliminated. Certain items presented in prior year financial statements have
been reclassified to conform with current year presentation.
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
USE OF ESTIMATES
Generally accepted accounting principles require management to make
estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and
liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the
date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of
revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results could
differ from those estimates.
SECURITIES OWNED AND SECURITIES SOLD, NOT YET PURCHASED
Securities owned and securities sold, not yet purchased are valued at
market value based on quoted market prices. Unrealized gains and losses are
reflected in principal transactions in the consolidated statements of
operations. Securities sold, not yet purchased represent obligations of the
Company to purchase the securities at prevailing market prices. The
ultimate gains or losses realized are dependent upon the prices at which
these securities are purchased to settle the obligation under the sales
commitments. Securities transactions are recorded on the trade date.
Receivables and payables relating to trades pending settlement are included
in receivables from clearing brokers and payables to clearing brokers in
the consolidated statements of financial condition.
INVESTMENTS IN PRIVATE INVESTMENT FUNDS
Investments in a series of limited partnerships, offshore corporations and
limited liability companies (collectively, "private investment funds") are
accounted for using the equity method, under which the Company's share of
net income or loss is reflected in income as earned and distributions
received, if any, are reductions of the investments.
OTHER INVESTMENTS
Other investments consist primarily of securities offered in private
placements. These securities are valued as estimated in good faith by
management in the absence of readily ascertainable market values. In
valuing the investments, management takes into consideration factors such
as the length of time since the investment was made, the financial
condition and operating results of the issuer, recent sales prices of the
issuer's securities, and the proportion of the issuer's securities owned.
Because of the inherent uncertainty of valuation, those estimated values
may differ significantly from the values that would have been used had a
ready market for the investments existed.
FUTURES TRANSACTIONS
Futures and options on futures contracts are valued at market value based
on exchange settlement prices. Unrealized gains and losses on futures and
options on futures contracts are reflected in net trading revenue in the
consolidated statements of operations.
RESALE AND REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS
Securities purchased under agreements to resell ("resale agreements") and
securities sold under agreements to repurchase ("repurchase agreements")
are accounted for as collateralized financing transactions and are recorded
at their contracted resale or repurchase amounts plus accrued interest.
Counterparties are major financial institutions. The Company's policy is to
take possession or control of securities with a market value in excess of
the principal amount loaned, plus accrued interest, in order to
collateralize securities purchased under agreements to resell. The Company
monitors the market value of the underlying securities which collateralize
the related receivable on resale agreements, including accrued interest,
and requests additional collateral when deemed appropriate. Similarly, the
Company is required to provide securities to counterparties in order to
collateralize securities sold under agreements to repurchase.
PROPERTY, LEASEHOLD IMPROVEMENTS AND EQUIPMENT
Property, leasehold improvements and equipment are recorded at cost.
Property and equipment is depreciated over their estimated useful lives
using the straight-line method. Leasehold improvements are amortized over
the respective lease term using the straight-line method. At September 30,
1999 and December 31, 1998, accumulated depreciation totaled $3,453,383 and
$2,125,486, respectively.
INTANGIBLES
Intangibles are being amortized on a straight-line basis over 15 years.
FOREIGN CURRENCIES
Assets and liabilities in foreign currencies are translated into U.S.
dollars using current exchange rates at the date of the consolidated
statements of financial condition. Revenues and expenses are translated at
average rates during the periods. The functional currency of the Company's
wholly-owned foreign subsidiary is the U.S. dollar. The foreign exchange
gains and losses resulting from these transactions are included in other
operating expenses in the consolidated statements of operations.
INCOME TAXES
No provision has been made for U.S. federal and state income taxes as the
taxable income or loss of the Company is included in the respective income
tax returns of the members. A provision has been made for applicable
foreign income taxes.
FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
All of the Company's financial instruments are carried at fair value or
amounts approximating fair value.
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
The Company has adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards
("SFAS")
No. 130, Reporting Comprehensive Income, that requires companies to report
all changes in equity during a period, except those resulting from
investments by owners and distributions to owners. The Company has not
presented a consolidated statement of comprehensive income because it does
not have any items of "other comprehensive income."
RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
In June 1997, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued SFAS
No. 131, Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related
Information, effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 1997.
SFAS No. 131 requires the disclosure of financial and descriptive
information about reportable operating segments. Operating segments are
components of an enterprise about which financial information is available
and is evaluated regularly in deciding how to allocate resources and assess
performance. SFAS No. 131 also requires the disclosure of profit or loss,
certain specific revenue and expense items, and assets of all operating
segments, with reconciliations of amounts presented in the financial
statements. SFAS No. 131 also requires the disclosure of how the operating
segments were determined, the products and services provided by the
segments, differences between measurements used in reporting segment
information and those used in the financial statements, and changes in the
measurement of segment amounts from period to period. The Company adopted
SFAS No. 131 in 1998.
In March 1998, the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (the
"AICPA") issued Statement of Position 98-1, Accounting for the Costs of
Computer Software Developed or Obtained for Internal Use ("SOP 98-1"). This
statement requires that certain costs of computer software developed or
obtained for internal use be capitalized and amortized over the useful life
of the related software. SOP 98-1 is effective for financial statements for
fiscal years beginning after December 15, 1998. The Company adopted SOP 98-
1 as of January 1, 1999. Prior to the Company's adoption of SOP 98-1, the
Company expensed its costs of developing computer software and capitalized
the costs of computer software acquired from third parties. The effect of
adopting SOP 98-1 was to increase net income for the nine months ended
September 30, 1999 by $1,461,000.
In June 1998, the FASB issued SFAS No. 133, Accounting for Derivative
Instruments and Hedging Activities. The new rules establish standards
requiring that all derivative financial instruments be recognized and
measured at fair value regardless of the purpose or intent for holding
them. SFAS No. 133 also reduces certain previously required quantitative
disclosures relating to derivative financial instruments held or issued for
trading purposes. The Company adopted SFAS No. 133 in 1998 and the adoption
did not have a significant impact on the Company's consolidated financial
statements.
3. Securities Owned and Securities Sold, Not Yet Purchased
Securities owned and securities sold, not yet purchased consisted of the
following:
September 30, December 31,
1999 1998
Securities owned:
Equities $167,902,221 $106,463,740
Options 233,452,944 193,101,352
U.S. government obligations 10,058,918 11,246,940
--------------------------------
$411,414,083 $310,812,032
================================
Securities sold, not yet purchased:
Equities $ 72,506,070 $ 39,214,266
Options 252,838,254 180,047,154
--------------------------------
$325,344,324 $219,261,420
================================
4. Short-Term Borrowings
At September 30, 1999 and December 31, 1998, respectively, the Company had
a $10,000,000 and an $8,000,000, respectively, credit facility with a bank
under which it borrows on a revolving basis. The borrowing is
collateralized with substantially all assets of the Company. Interest is
variable based on prime plus one percent per annum and payable monthly. The
Company pays a one half percent per annum commitment fee on the unused
portion of the facility. The unused portion of the facility and interest
rate at September 30, 1999 were $2,732,172 and 9.25%, respectively, and
$6,983,234 and 8.75% at December 31, 1998, respectively.
5. Investments in Private Investment Funds
Deephaven Capital Management LLC, Deephaven Capital LLC and
Deephaven Investment Advisers LLC are the investment managers and sponsors
of private investment funds that engage in various trading strategies
involving equities, debt instruments and derivatives. The Company owns
interests in these private investment funds. Several members of Holdings
also own interests in these private investment funds. Summary financial
information for these private investment funds at September 30, 1999 and
December 31, 1998, and for the nine and twelve months then ended,
respectively, was as follows:
1999 1998
---------------------------------
Total assets $1,562,814,952 $1,490,887,848
Total liabilities 1,214,703,275 1,162,742,176
Total capital 348,111,677 328,145,672
Net income 66,929,404 11,713,888
Company's carrying value 21,871,662 6,887,983
Company's pro rata share of net income 1,633,043 195,062
The Company's pro rata share of net income from the above private
investment funds for the year ended December 31, 1997 was $364,147. These
amounts are included in other income in the consolidated statements of
operations.
The Company earns income from these private investment funds consisting of
management and incentive fees, as provided for in each respective
investment fund agreement. The Company earned fees of $14,909,013 for the
nine months ended September 30, 1999, $6,134,265, for the year ended
December 31, 1998 and $7,389,188 for the year ended December 31, 1997.
6. Acquisition of Specialist Operations
Effective July 21, 1999, the Company acquired the partnership interests of
Gargoyle Specialists L.P. ("Gargoyle") for an aggregate purchase price of
$9,567,609. Gargoyle was a member of the American Stock Exchange and
operated as a specialist in options on this exchange. The excess purchase
price over fair value of net assets acquired of $6,567,609 has been
reflected as intangibles in the consolidated statements of financial
condition. The operations of Gargoyle are conducted in Arbitrade, L.L.C.
and Gargoyle was dissolved as of the date of acquisition.
The following unaudited pro forma operating results of the Company assume
that the Gargoyle acquisition had occurred at the beginning of each period
presented. In addition to combining the historical results of operations
of the two companies, the unaudited pro forma results include adjustments
for the estimated effect of purchase accounting on the Company's results.
Nine months ended Year ended December 31
(in millions) September 30, 1999 1998 1997
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net revenues $ 70.8 $ 63.8 $ 50.3
Net income 40.0 35.9 29.1
The unaudited pro forma information may not be indicative of the results
that actually would have occurred if the combination had been in effect on
the dates indicated or which may be obtained in the future.
7. Related Party Transactions
Members of Holdings may receive loans from Holdings. These loans, which are
payable on demand, are charged interest based on 6% per annum of the loan
amount. Interest income on these loans is included in other income in the
consolidated statements of operations and amounted to $638,865 for the nine
months ended September 30, 1999, $527,827 for the year ended December 31,
1998 and $0 for the year ended December 31, 1997.
Certain personnel and administrative expenses incurred by the investment
managers of the private investment funds are charged to the funds. Such
expenses totaled $1,160,313 for the nine months ended September 30, 1999,
and $2,450,702 and $1,633,765 for the years ended December 31, 1998 and
1997, respectively.
8. Regulatory Matters
Arbitrade, L.L.C. is subject to the Securities and Exchange Commission's
("SEC") Uniform Net Capital Rule ("Rule 15c3-1"), which requires the
maintenance of minimum net capital. Arbitrade, L.L.C. has elected to
compute net capital using the alternative method, permitted by the Rule,
which requires that Arbitrade, L.L.C. maintain minimum net capital, as
defined, equal to $250,000. At September 30, 1999, Arbitrade, L.L.C. had
net capital and net capital requirements of approximately $9,529,000 and
$250,000, respectively.
Arbitrade U.K. Ltd. is also subject to capital adequacy requirements of the
Securities and Futures Authority Limited in the United Kingdom. As of
September 30, 1999, Arbitrade U.K. Ltd. was in compliance with its capital
adequacy requirements.
Advances, dividend payments and other equity distributions from regulated
subsidiaries may be restricted by the regulations of various regulatory
agencies. These restrictions may limit the amounts that these subsidiaries
pay as dividends or advances to Holdings.
9. Commitments and Contingencies
The Company rents office space under leases containing operating expense
escalation clauses. The Company's principal lease is cancelable upon 90
days' written notice. At September 30, 1999, future non-cancelable minimum
commitments under leases with remaining terms exceeding one year were as
follows:
Three months ended December 31, 1999 $ 168,761
2000 664,727
2001 453,726
2002 374,935
2003 323,557
2004 307,539
Thereafter 396,359
-----------
$2,689,604
===========
Rent expense for the nine months ended September 30, 1999 was $354,436 and
for the years ended December 31, 1998 and 1997 was $300,947 and $257,366,
respectively.
In 1999, the Company purchased Class A and Class B membership units in the
International Securities Exchange LLC (ISE) for an aggregate purchase price
of $22,500,000. The Company has paid $375,000, with the balance to be paid
based on and contingent upon trades executed on the ISE. The ISE is not
currently operational and there is no definitive date set for the
commencement of its operations.
Although the Company is a defendant in legal proceedings arising out of the
normal course of business, there are no legal proceedings which, in the
opinion of management and counsel, would have a material impact on the
Company's consolidated financial statements.
10. Employee Benefit Plan
The Company sponsors a 401(k) profit sharing plan (the "Plan") in which
substantially all of its employees are eligible to participate. Under the
terms of the Plan, the Company is required to make annual contributions to
the Plan equal to 50% of the contributions made by its employees, up to
certain limitations. The total expense with respect to the Plan for the
nine months ended September 30, 1999 and the years ended December 31, 1998
and 1997 was $150,000, $71,000 and $0, respectively.
11. Members' Equity
At September 30, 1999, December 31, 1998 and January 1, 1998 there were
1,000 Class A units of membership interests ("working interests")
outstanding. At September 30, 1999, December 31, 1998 and January 1, 1998
there were 55,000,000, 33,899,432 and 42,374,289 Class B units of
membership interests ("capital interests") outstanding, respectively. Both
classes have voting rights and share in the allocation of net income or
loss of the Company, as defined in the LLC Operating Agreement. Only Class
B units represent ownership in the equity of the Company.
As of December 31, 1998, one member terminated his interest in the Company
and redeemed his Class B capital interests. This redemption, totaling
$8,474,857, is included in accrued expenses and other liabilities at
December 31, 1998 in the consolidated statements of financial condition.
Effective January 1, 1999, a total of 15,950,000 Class B units of
membership interests were issued to three new members and an additional
5,150,568 Class B units of membership interests were issued to two existing
members. At September 30, 1999, a receivable from one new member and two
existing members for $6,843,941 to purchase Class B units of membership
interests has been netted in members' equity in the consolidated statements
of financial condition. As of December 20, 1999, $279,474 of the receivable
remained unpaid.
12. Derivative Financial Instruments
Derivative contracts are financial instruments whose value is based upon an
underlying asset, index, reference rate or a combination of these factors.
The Company uses derivative financial instruments as part of its market-
making and trading business and its overall risk management process. These
financial instruments, which generally include exchange-traded options,
options on futures and futures contracts, expose the Company to varying
degrees of market and credit risk. The Company records its derivative
trading activities at market value and unrealized gains and losses are
recognized currently.
13. Agreements with Clearing Brokers
The Company has clearing agreements with three clearing brokers. The
Company earns interest income and/or incurs interest expense on
substantially all balances due from/to these clearing brokers. At September
30, 1999 and December 31, 1998, substantially all of the Company's
securities owned, securities sold, not yet purchased and
receivables/payables from/to clearing brokers are amounts held by or due
from/to these clearing brokers.
14. Business Segment and Geographic Information
The Company has two reportable segments: market making and trading, and
asset management. The market making and trading segment includes the
operations of Arbitrade, L.L.C., Arbitrade U.K Ltd. and Gmbh, and includes
market making in options and trading in equities, debt instruments and
related exchange-traded derivatives. The asset management segment includes
the operations of Deephaven Capital Management LLC, Deephaven Capital LLC
and Deephaven Investment Advisers LLC (or its predecessor entities) and
consists of investment management operations and sponsorships for a series
of private investment funds.
The Company evaluates performance and allocates resources based on profit
from operations before income taxes. The accounting policies of the
reportable segments are the same as those described in the summary of
significant accounting policies. The Company's revenues, net revenues,
income (loss) before income taxes and assets by segment are summarized
below.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
MARKET MAKING ASSET CONSOLIDATED
AND TRADING MANAGEMENT OTHER(1) TOTAL
----------------------------------------------------------------
Nine months ended September 30, 1999:
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Revenues $ 56,507,887 $16,542,056 $ 1,126,382 $ 74,176,325
Net revenues 51,860,630 16,542,056 1,126,383 69,529,069
Income (loss) before income taxes 30,764,601 13,181,573 (4,553,963) 39,392,211
Assets 429,372,255 26,040,785 12,375,313 467,788,353
Year ended December 31, 1998:
Revenues $ 50,476,384 $ 6,329,327 $ 1,324,874 $ 58,130,585
Net revenues 47,603,781 6,329,327 1,324,874 55,257,982
Income (loss) before income taxes 30,702,840 2,415,851 (3,889,261) 29,229,430
Assets 314,226,041 9,424,514 2,132,884 325,783,439
Year ended December 31, 1997:
Revenues $ 40,938,955 $ 7,753,335 $ - $ 48,692,290
Net revenues 37,807,321 7,753,335 - 45,560,656
Income (loss) before income taxes 23,084,874 5,616,779 (1,972,740) 26,728,913
Assets 129,319,003 6,110,517 1,486,218 136,915,738
(1) Other revenues consists principally of other income and interest
income not attributable to either segment. Other assets
principally reflects total assets of LCT and loans receivable
from members. These items are not separately identifiable to
either segment.
</TABLE>
The Company's net revenues by geographic area are summarized below. Amounts
are determined principally by the respective legal jurisdiction of the
Company's subsidiaries.
Nine months ended
September 30, Year ended December 31,
1999 1998 1997
-------------------------------------------------------
United States $ 68,088,422 $ 51,289,777 $ 42,908,195
Europe 1,440,647 3,968,205 2,652,461
-------------------------------------------------------
Total $ 69,529,069 $ 55,257,982 $ 45,560,656
=======================================================
Income (loss) before income taxes included $(534,728) and $1,148,334 of
earnings attributable to Arbitrade U.K. Ltd. for the nine months ended
September 30, 1999 and the year ended December 31, 1998, respectively.
Income before income taxes included $1,595,023 of earnings attributable to
Gmbh for the year ended December 31, 1997.
15. Subsequent Events
On November 17, 1999, the Company signed a definitive agreement to merge
with Knight/Trimark Group, Inc. The transaction is subject to regulatory
approval and is expected to close in early 2000.
16. Year 2000 Readiness Disclosure (Unaudited)
Like other financial and business organizations worldwide, the Company
could be adversely affected if computer systems on which the Company
relies, which primarily include those used by the Company and its service
providers, are unable to correctly process date-related information on and
after January 1, 2000. This risk is commonly called the Year 2000 Issue.
Failure to successfully address the Year 2000 Issue could result in
interruptions to, and other material adverse effects on, the Company's
business and operations. The Company has commenced a review of the Year
2000 Issue as it may affect its business and is taking steps it believes
are reasonably designed to address the Year 2000 Issue, although there can
be no assurances that these steps will be sufficient. In addition, there
can be no assurances that the Year 2000 Issue will not have an adverse
effect on the companies whose securities are held by the Company or on
global markets or economies generally.
Item 7(b). Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Statement
Information
The following unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Statement of
Financial Condition and unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Statements
of Operations ("Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Statement
Information") are based upon the historical consolidated financial
statements of Knight/Trimark Group, Inc. ("Knight/Trimark") and Arbitrade
Holdings LLC ("Arbitrade").
The historical information for Knight/Trimark included in the Unaudited
Pro Forma Condensed Combined Statement of Financial Condition as of
September 30, 1999 and the Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Statement
of Operations for the nine months ended September 30, 1999 is derived from
the unaudited consolidated financial statements of Knight/Trimark which, in
the opinion of management, have been prepared on the same basis as the
audited consolidated financial statements of Knight/Trimark for the years
ended December 31, 1998 and 1997, and contain all adjustments, consisting
only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair presentation of
the results of operations for such period. The historical information for
Knight/Trimark included in the Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined
Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 1998 and 1997
have been derived from the audited consolidated financial statements of
Knight/Trimark for the years ended December 31, 1998 and 1997, which
statements are not included in this Form 8-K.
The historical information for Arbitrade included in the Unaudited Pro
Forma Condensed Combined Statement of Financial Condition as of September
30, 1999 and the Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Statements of
Operations for the nine months ended September 30, 1999 and for the years
ended December 31, 1998 and 1997 have been derived from the audited
consolidated financial statements of Arbitrade for such periods, which
statements are included elsewhere in this Form 8-K.
The unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Statement of Financial
Condition as of September 30, 1999 gives pro forma effect to the merger of
a wholly owned subsidiary of Knight/Trimark with and into Arbitrade (the
"Merger") and the issuance of 10,505,001 shares of Knight/Trimark class A
common stock to the holders of the outstanding class B membership interests
of Arbitrade as if such transactions occurred as of September 30, 1999.
The Merger will be accounted for as a pooling of interests.
The unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Statements of Operations for
the nine months ended September 30, 1999 and for the years ended December
31, 1998 and 1997 give pro forma effect to the Merger as if it occurred as
of January 1, 1997.
The unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Statement
Information and accompanying notes should be read in conjunction with the
historical consolidated financial statements of Knight/Trimark and
Arbitrade. The unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Statement
Information presented is not necessarily indicative of the results of
operations that might have occurred had the Merger actually taken place as
of the dates specified, or that may be expected to occur in the future.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Statement of Financial Condition
as of September 30, 1999
HISTORICAL
--------------------------------------
PRO FORMA PRO FORMA
KNIGHT/TRIMARK ARBITRADE ADJUSTMENTS COMBINED
-------------- --------- ----------- ---------
ASSETS
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Cash and cash equivalents $ 265,298,079 $ 173,240 - $ 265,471,319
Securities owned, at market value 100,822,606 411,414,083 - 512,236,689
Receivable from clearing brokers 107,738,486 2,794,424 - 110,532,910
Other assets 60,295,628 53,406,606 - 113,702,234
------------------- ---------------- --------------- -----------------
Total assets $ 534,154,799 $ 467,788,353 - $ 1,001,943,152
=================== ================ =============== =================
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS'
(MEMBERS') EQUITY
Liabilities
Securities sold, not yet purchased,
at market value $ 86,789,389 $ 325,344,324 - $ 412,133,713
Payable to clearing brokers - 52,846,149 - 52,846,149
Accrued compensation payable 21,442,851 7,510,163 - 28,953,014
Distributions payable to members - 2,927,227 $21,401,212(a) 24,328,439
Other liabilities 25,920,295 19,759,278 - 45,679,573
------------------- ---------------- --------------- -----------------
Total liabilities 134,152,535 408,387,141 21,401,212 563,940,888
------------------- ---------------- --------------- -----------------
Stockholders' equity / Members' equity
Class A common stock 1,113,342 - 105,050(a) 1,218,392
Additional paid-in capital 259,634,209 - 37,894,950(a) 297,529,159
Retained earnings 139,254,713 - - 139,254,713
Members' equity - 59,401,212 (59,401,212)(a) -
------------------- ---------------- --------------- -----------------
Total stockholders' (members') equity 400,002,264 59,401,212 (21,401,212) 438,002,264
------------------- ---------------- --------------- -----------------
Total liabilities and stockholders'
(members') equity $ 534,154,799 $ 467,788,353 $ - $ 1,001,943,152
=================== ================ =============== =================
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Statement of Operations for the
Nine Months Ended September 30, 1999
HISTORICAL
--------------------------------------
PRO FORMA PRO FORMA
KNIGHT/TRIMARK ARBITRADE ADJUSTMENTS COMBINED
-------------- --------- ----------- ---------
REVENUES
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Net trading revenue $ 524,423,136 $ 53,045,754 - $ 577,468,890
Asset management and incentive fees - 14,909,013 - 14,909,013
Interest, net and other income 19,868,314 1,574,302 - 21,442,616
------------------ ---------------- -------------- ---------------
Total revenues 544,291,450 69,529,069 - 613,820,519
------------------ ---------------- -------------- ---------------
EXPENSES
Employee compensation and benefits 164,428,927 17,022,084 $ 6,705,707 (b) 188,156,718
Payments for order flow 98,850,716 - - 98,850,716
Execution and clearance fees and
exchange seat leases 57,472,143 6,802,125 - 64,274,268
Other expenses 38,377,420 6,312,649 - 44,690,069
------------------ ---------------- -------------- ---------------
Total expenses 359,129,206 30,136,858 6,705,707 395,971,771
------------------ ---------------- -------------- ---------------
Income before income taxes 185,162,244 39,392,211 (6,705,707) 217,848,748
Income tax expense 75,718,212 - 75,718,212
Pro forma income tax expense - - 13,891,764 (c) 13,891,764
------------------ ---------------- -------------- ---------------
NET INCOME $ 109,444,032 $ 39,392,211 $ (20,597,471) $ 128,238,772
================== ================ ============== ===============
Basic earnings per share $ 1.00 $ 1.06
================== ===============
Diluted earnings per share $ 0.95 $ 1.02
================== ===============
Shares used in basic earnings per share
calculation 109,921,171 10,505,001 (d) 120,426,172
================== ============== ===============
Shares used in diluted earnings per
share calculation 114,843,985 10,505,001 (d) 125,348,986
================== ============== ===============
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Statement of Operations for the
Year Ended December 31, 1998
HISTORICAL
---------------------------------------
PRO FORMA PRO FORMA
KNIGHT/TRIMARK ARBITRADE ADJUSTMENTS COMBINED
-------------- --------- ----------- ----------
REVENUES
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Net trading revenue $ 348,098,874 $ 47,207,083 - $ 395,305,957
Asset management and
incentive fees - 6,134,265 - 6,134,265
Interest, net and other income 7,634,195 1,916,634 - 9,550,829
------------------ ---------------- ------------------ ----------------
Total revenues 355,733,069 55,257,982 - 410,991,051
------------------ ---------------- ------------------ ----------------
EXPENSES
Employee compensation and
benefits 108,002,843 14,701,359 $ 5,096,915 (b) 127,801,117
Payments for order flow 82,512,214 - - 82,512,214
Execution and clearance fees
and exchange seat leases 45,563,751 5,005,499 - 50,569,250
Other expenses 31,302,025 5,821,694 - 37,123,719
------------------ ---------------- ------------------ ----------------
Total expenses 267,380,833 25,528,552 5,096,915 298,006,300
------------------ ---------------- ------------------ ----------------
Income before income taxes 88,352,236 29,729,430 (5,096,915) 112,984,751
Income tax expense 21,751,209 500,000 - 22,251,209
Pro forma income tax expense 15,798,491 - 9,968,819 (c) 25,767,310
------------------ ---------------- ------------------ ----------------
NET INCOME $ 50,802,536 $ 29,229,430 $ (15,065,734) $ 64,966,232
================== ================ ================== ================
Basic and diluted earnings per
share $ 0.53 $ 0.63
================== ================
Shares used in basic and diluted
earnings per share calculation 95,022,222 8,093,490 (d) 103,115,712
================== ================== ================
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Statement of Operations for the
Year Ended December 31, 1997
HISTORICAL
---------------------------------------
PRO FORMA PRO FORMA
KNIGHT/TRIMARK ARBITRADE ADJUSTMENTS COMBINED
-------------- --------- ----------- -----------
REVENUES
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Net trading revenue $ 223,922,643 $ 38,293,902 - $ 262,216,545
Asset management and
incentive fees - 7,389,188 - 7,389,188
Interest, net and other income 2,744,003 (122,434) - 2,621,569
------------------ ------------------ ---------------------- ---------------
Total revenues 226,666,646 45,560,656 - 272,227,302
------------------ ------------------ ---------------------- ---------------
EXPENSES
Employee compensation and
benefits 57,716,994 13,113,807 $ 4,646,837(b) 75,477,638
Payments for order flow 66,912,040 - - 66,912,040
Execution and clearance fees
and exchange seat leases 32,068,573 2,544,097 - 34,612,670
Other expenses 19,891,806 3,173,839 - 23,065,645
------------------ ------------------ ---------------------- ---------------
Total expenses 176,589,413 18,831,743 4,646,837 200,067,993
------------------ ------------------ ---------------------- ---------------
Income before income taxes 50,077,233 26,728,913 (4,646,837) 72,159,309
Income tax expense - - - -
Pro forma income tax expense 21,282,824 - 9,384,882(c) 30,667,706
------------------ ------------------ ---------------------- ---------------
NET INCOME $ 28,794,409 $ 26,728,913 $ (14,031,719) $ 41,491,603
================== ================== ====================== ===============
Basic and diluted earnings per
share $ 0.34 $ 0.44
================== ===============
Shares used in basic and diluted
earnings per share calculation 85,603,272 8,093,490(d) 93,696,762
================== ====================== ===============
</TABLE>
Notes to Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Statements
1. BASIS OF PREPARATION
As permitted by the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange
Commission, the Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Statement of
Financial Condition and Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Statements
of Operations are presented on a condensed basis.
2. PRO FORMA ADJUSTMENTS
(a) Stockholders' Equity / Members' Equity - Adjustments to reflect the
issuance of 10,505,001 shares of Knight/Trimark class A common stock in the
Merger, and the estimated distributions payable to members of Arbitrade
from undistributed income of Arbitrade in accordance with Arbitrade's
annual distribution policy as if September 30, 1999 was the end of
Arbitrade's fiscal period.
(b) Compensation and Benefits for Arbitrade's Members - As Arbitrade has
operated historically as a limited liability company ("LLC"), compensation
and benefits to Arbitrade's members ("Members' Compensation") was accounted
for as distributions of members' equity rather than as compensation
expense. As a result, the historical compensation expense and income
before income taxes of Arbitrade for the periods presented did not reflect
Members' Compensation.
In connection with the closing of the Merger, each of Arbitrade's members
signed an employment agreement with Arbitrade, which will become effective
as of the closing date of the Merger. Such employment agreements entitle
Arbitrade's members to annual compensation that includes a base salary and
participation in Arbitrade's sub-pool of the Knight/Trimark Profit-Pool
Incentive Plan. Arbitrade's sub-pool will equal 15% of the before-tax
profits earned by Arbitrade during each fiscal quarter, and will be
allocated on a quarterly basis by the executive officers of Arbitrade.
Accordingly, Knight/Trimark has estimated the historical compensation
expense for Arbitrade's members for the periods presented based on the
employment agreements with Arbitrade's members discussed above. As a
result, pro forma compensation and benefits expense of $6,705,707,
$5,096,915 and $4,646,837 has been recorded on the Unaudited Pro Forma
Condensed Combined Statements of Operations for the nine months ended
September 30, 1999 and for the years ended December 31, 1998 and 1997,
respectively.
(c) Pro Forma Provision for Income Taxes - As Arbitrade has operated as an
LLC since inception, the historical results for all periods presented have
been adjusted to reflect a pro forma provision for income taxes at an
effective tax rate of 42.5% for Arbitrade. Prior to its initial public
offering in July 1998, Knight/Trimark also operated as an LLC.
Accordingly, the historical statement of operations for the years ended
December 1997 and 1998 reflect a pro forma provision for income taxes as if
Knight/Trimark was a taxable entity for all periods presented.
(d) Pro Forma Basic and Diluted Average Common Shares Outstanding -
Adjustments to the shares used in the basic and diluted earnings per share
calculations for the periods presented to reflect the Knight/Trimark class
A common stock that would have been issued in exchange for outstanding
class B membership interests of Arbitrade based on the exchange ratio
applicable upon the closing of the Merger.
EXHIBIT INDEX
2.1 Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of November 17, 1999, by
and among KT Holding Company, a Delaware corporation, KT
Acquisition I Corp., a Delaware corporation, AH Acquisition I
L.L.C., a Delaware limited liability company, Knight/Trimark
Group, Inc., a Delaware corporation, Arbitrade Holdings LLC, a
Delaware limited liability company, Tarmachan Capital
Management, Inc., Tarmachan Capital Co., Deephaven Inc., Gildor
Trading, Inc., Irvin Kessler, Efraim Gildor, Peter Hajas,
Merrill Ferguson and Mark Lyons, as amended by Amendment Number
One thereto on December 14, 1999. (without exhibits)
3.1 Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of
Knight/Trimark Group, Inc.
3.2 By-Laws of Knight/Trimark Group, Inc.
EXHIBIT 2.1
============================================================================
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER
among
KT HOLDING COMPANY
KT ACQUISITION I CORP.
AH ACQUISITION I L.L.C.
KNIGHT/TRIMARK GROUP, INC.
ARBITRADE HOLDINGS LLC
TARMACHAN CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC.
TARMACHAN CAPITAL CO.
DEEPHAVEN INC.
GILDOR TRADING, INC.
IRVIN KESSLER
EFRAIM GILDOR
PETER HAJAS
MERRILL FERGUSON
and
MARK LYONS
Dated as of November 17, 1999
===========================================================================
THIS AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER, dated as of November 17, 1999
(the "Agreement"), among KT HOLDING COMPANY, a Delaware corporation
("Parent"), KT ACQUISITION I CORP., a Delaware corporation ("SubKT"), AH
ACQUISITION I L.L.C., a Delaware limited liability company ("SubAH"),
KNIGHT/TRIMARK GROUP, INC., a Delaware corporation ("KT"), ARBITRADE
HOLDINGS LLC, a Delaware limited liability company ("AH") and TARMACHAN
CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC., TARMACHAN CAPITAL CO., DEEPHAVEN INC., GILDOR
TRADING, INC., IRVIN KESSLER, EFRAIM GILDOR, PETER HAJAS, MERRILL FERGUSON
and MARK LYONS (together, the "Members").
WHEREAS, KT and AH desire to combine their respective businesses
in a transaction upon the terms and subject to the conditions in this
Agreement;
WHEREAS, (i) Parent is a newly formed corporation organized and
existing under the laws of the State of Delaware, all of the issued and
outstanding capital stock of which is owned by KT; (ii) KT is a corporation
organized and existing under the laws of the State of Delaware; and (iii)
AH is a limited liability company organized and existing under the laws of
the State of Delaware;
WHEREAS, KT has caused Parent to form SubKT and SubAH, each a
wholly owned subsidiary of Parent, and all the outstanding capital stock of
SubKT and all of the outstanding membership interests of SubAH are owned by
Parent;
WHEREAS, the Board of Directors of KT and the members of AH have
each approved this Agreement;
WHEREAS, the parties desire to make certain representations,
warranties, covenants and agreements in connection with the Mergers and
also to prescribe various conditions to the Mergers;
WHEREAS, concurrently with the execution of this Agreement, as a
condition and an inducement to the willingness of Parent and KT to enter
into this Agreement, the Members have entered into employment and non-
competition agreements with AH (the "New Employment Agreements");
WHEREAS, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, it is intended
that (i) the KT Merger (as hereinafter defined), taken together with the AH
Merger (as hereinafter defined), will qualify as a transaction described in
Section 351 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"),
and/or the KT Merger will qualify as a transaction described in Section
368(a) of the Code, and (ii) the AH Merger, taken together with the KT
Merger, will qualify as a transaction described in Section 351 of the Code;
and
WHEREAS, for financial accounting purposes, it is intended that
the transactions contemplated by this Agreement will be accounted for as a
pooling-of-interests transaction in accordance with United States generally
accepted accounting principles ("GAAP").
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the representations,
warranties, covenants and agreements contained in this Agreement, and fully
intending to be legally bound hereby, the parties agree as follows:
ARTICLE I
THE MERGERS; CLOSING
Section 1.1 The KT Merger.
(a) Upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in
this Agreement, and in accordance with the Delaware General Corporation Law
(the "DGCL"), SubKT shall merge with and into KT (the "KT Merger") at the
KT Effective Time (as defined in Section 1.5) and each outstanding share of
class A common stock, par value $.01 per share of KT (the "KT Class A
Common Stock"), shall be converted in the manner set forth in Section
2.1(b) hereof. KT shall be the surviving corporation in the KT Merger (the
"Surviving Corporation") and shall thereupon become a wholly owned
subsidiary of Parent. From and after the KT Effective Time, the identity
and separate existence of SubKT shall cease.
(b) In connection with the KT Merger, KT shall take such actions
as may be necessary to cause Parent to reserve, prior to the KT Merger, a
sufficient number of shares of class A common stock, par value $.01 per
share, of Parent (the "Parent Common Stock"), to permit the issuance of
shares of Parent Common Stock (i) to the holders of KT Class A Common Stock
as of the KT Effective Time in accordance with the terms of this Agreement,
and (ii) upon the exercise of KT Stock Options (as hereinafter defined)
being assumed by Parent in accordance with Section 5.6 hereof.
Section 1.2 The AH Merger.
(a) Upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in
this Agreement and in accordance with the Delaware Limited Liability
Company Act (the "DLLCA"), SubAH shall merge with and into AH (the "AH
Merger," and together with the KT Merger, the "Mergers") at the AH
Effective Time (as defined in Section 1.6) and each outstanding Class B
membership unit of AH (the "AH Membership Units") shall be converted in the
manner set forth in Section 2.2(b) hereof. AH shall be the surviving
limited liability company in the AH Merger (the "Surviving LLC," and
together with the Surviving Corporation, the "Surviving Subsidiaries") and
shall thereupon become a wholly owned subsidiary of Parent. From and after
the AH Effective Time, the identity and separate existence of SubAH shall
cease.
(b) In connection with the AH Merger, KT shall take such actions
as may be necessary to cause Parent to reserve a sufficient number of
shares of Parent Common Stock, prior to the AH Merger, to permit the
issuance of shares of Parent Common Stock to the holders of the AH
Membership Units as of the Effective Time in accordance with the terms of
this Agreement.
Section 1.3 KT Closing. The closing of the KT Merger (the "KT
Closing") will take place at a time and on a date to be specified by the
parties (the "KT Closing Date") as soon as reasonably practicable following
the satisfaction or waiver of the conditions set forth in Article VI (other
than those conditions that by their nature are to be satisfied at the AH
Closing, but which are reasonably expected by the parties to be so
satisfied), unless another time or date is agreed to by the parties hereto.
The KT Closing will be held at the offices of Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher
& Flom LLP in New York, New York, unless another place is agreed to by the
parties hereto.
Section 1.4 AH Closing. The closing of the AH Merger (the "AH
Closing") will take place following the satisfaction or waiver of the
conditions set forth in Article VI at a time and on a date to be specified
by the parties (the "AH Closing Date"), which time and date shall be the
later of four business days after the KT Closing or as soon as reasonably
practicable thereafter, unless another time or date is agreed to by the
parties hereto. The AH Closing will be held at the offices of Skadden,
Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP in New York, New York, unless another place
is agreed to by the parties hereto.
Section 1.5 KT Effective Time. Subject to the provisions of
this Agreement, as soon as practicable on or after the KT Closing Date,
the parties shall file with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware
a certificate of merger (the "KT Certificate of Merger") executed in
accordance with the relevant provisions of the DGCL and shall make all
other filings or recordings required under the DGCL in order to effect the
KT Merger. The KT Merger shall become effective at such time as is
specified in the KT Certificate of Merger and in accordance with the DGCL
(the time at which the KT Merger has become fully effective being
hereinafter referred to as the "KT Effective Time").
Section 1.6 AH Effective Time. Subject to the provisions of
this Agreement, as soon as practicable on or after the AH Closing Date, the
parties shall file with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware a
certificate of merger (the "AH Certificate of Merger") executed in
accordance with the relevant provisions of the DLLCA and shall make all
other filings required under the DLLCA to effect the AH Merger. The AH
Merger shall become effective at such time as is specified in the AH
Certificate of Merger and in accordance with the DLLCA (the time at which
the AH Merger has become fully effective being hereinafter referred to as
the "AH Effective Time"). The time at which both Mergers have become fully
effective is hereinafter referred to as the "Effective Time."
Section 1.7 Effects of the Mergers.
(a) DGCL. The KT Merger shall have the effects set forth in
Section 259 of the DGCL.
(b) DLLCA. The AH Merger shall have the effects set forth in
Section 18-209 of the DLLCA.
(c) Names of Surviving Corporations. The names of the Surviving
Corporation and the Surviving LLC from and after the KT Effective Time and
the AH Effective Time, respectively, shall be "Knight/Trimark, Inc." and
"Knight Financial Products, L.L.C." respectively, until changed or amended
in accordance with applicable Law (as hereinafter defined).
(d) Charter Documents. (i) At the KT Effective Time, the
Certificate of Incorporation and the Bylaws of KT, as in effect immediately
prior to the KT Effective Time, shall be the Certificate of Incorporation
and Bylaws, respectively, of the Surviving Corporation; provided, however,
that from and after the KT Effective Time, (x) paragraph (a) of Article
FOURTH shall be amended and restated and shall be read in its entirety as
follows: "FOURTH: The total number of shares of stock which the
Corporation shall have authority to issue is 3,000 shares of capital stock,
consisting of (i) 1,000 shares of class A common stock, par value $.01 per
share (the "Class A Common Stock"), (ii) 1,000 shares of class B common
stock, par value $.01 per share (the "Class B Common Stock" and, together
with the Class A Common Stock, the "Common Stock"), and (iii) 1,000 shares
of preferred stock, par value $.01 per share (the "Preferred Stock")"; and
(y) a new Article TWELFTH shall be added thereto which shall be and read in
its entirety as follows: "TWELFTH: Any act or transaction by or involving
this Corporation that requires for its adoption under the GCL or this
Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation the approval of the
stockholders of this Corporation (other than the election or removal of
directors of this Corporation) shall, pursuant to Section 251(g) of the
GCL, require, in addition, the approval of the stockholders of
Knight/Trimark Group, Inc., a Delaware corporation, or any successor
thereto by merger, by the same vote that is required by the GCL and/or the
Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of this Corporation"; and
(ii) at the AH Effective Time, the Certificate of Formation and the
Agreement of Limited Liability Company of SubAH, as in effect immediately
prior to the AH Effective Time, shall be the Certificate of Formation and
Agreement of Limited Liability Company, respectively, of the Surviving LLC.
Section 1.8 Directors.
(a) SubKT. The directors of SubKT at the KT Effective Time
shall be the directors of the Surviving Corporation until the next annual
meeting of stockholders of the Surviving Corporation (or their earlier
resignation or removal) and until their respective successors are duly
elected and qualified, as the case may be.
(b) SubAH. The managers of SubAH at the AH Effective Time shall
be the managers of the Surviving LLC until their resignation or removal and
until their respective successors are duly elected and qualified, as the
case may be.
Section 1.9 Parent Charter Documents and Name. At the KT
Effective Time, the Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws of Parent shall
be as set forth substantially in the form of Exhibit A and Exhibit B
hereto, respectively, and the name of Parent shall be changed to
"Knight/Trimark Group, Inc."
ARTICLE II
EFFECT OF THE MERGERS ON THE EQUITY SECURITIES OF
KT AND AH; CERTIFICATES
Section 2.1 Effect on KT Stock and SubKT Stock. As of the KT
Effective Time, by virtue of the KT Merger and without any action on the
part of SubKT, KT or the holders of any securities of SubKT or KT:
(a) Cancellation of Treasury Stock. Each share of KT Class A
Common Stock that is owned directly by KT (but not including any such
shares owned by employee benefit or pension plans) shall automatically be
cancelled and retired and shall cease to exist, and no consideration shall
be delivered in exchange therefor.
(b) Conversion of KT Class A Common Stock. Each issued and
outstanding share of KT Class A Common Stock (other than shares to be
cancelled in accordance with Section 2.1(a)) shall be converted into one
(the "KT Merger Exchange Ratio") validly issued, fully paid and
nonassessable share of Parent Common Stock (such consideration being
referred to herein as the "KT Merger Consideration"). As of the KT
Effective Time, all such shares of KT Class A Common Stock shall no longer
be outstanding and shall automatically be cancelled and retired and shall
cease to exist, and each certificate or certificates which immediately
prior to the Effective Time represented outstanding shares of KT Class A
Common Stock (the "KT Certificates") shall cease to represent such shares
of KT Class A Common Stock and instead shall be deemed to be certificates
("Parent Certificates") representing the number of whole shares of Parent
Common Stock into which such shares have been converted.
(c) Conversion of Common Stock of SubKT. Each issued and
outstanding share of common stock, par value $.01 per share, of SubKT shall
be converted into one validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable share of
common stock of Surviving Corporation.
(d) Cancellation of Parent Common Stock Owned by KT. Each share
of Parent Common Stock that is owned by KT immediately prior to the KT
Effective Time shall automatically be cancelled and retired and shall cease
to exist, and no consideration shall be delivered in exchange therefor.
Section 2.2 Effect on AH Membership Units and SubAH Membership
Interests. As of the AH Effective Time, by virtue of the AH Merger and
without any action on the part of SubAH, AH or the holders of any
securities of SubAH or AH:
(a) Cancellation of Unissued Interests. Each unissued AH
Membership Unit shall automatically be cancelled and retired and shall
cease to exist, and no consideration shall be delivered in exchange
therefor.
(b) Conversion of AH Membership Units. Subject to Section
2.3(e), each issued and outstanding AH Membership Unit set forth in Section
3.2(a)(i) of the AH Disclosure Schedule (as hereinafter defined in Article
III) (other than membership units to be cancelled in accordance with
Section 2.2(a)) shall be converted into such fraction (the "AH Merger
Exchange Ratio") of a validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable share of
Parent Common Stock (such consideration being referred to herein as the "AH
Merger Consideration," and, collectively with the KT Merger Consideration,
the "Merger Consideration") as determined in accordance with the next
sentence. The AH Merger Exchange Ratio shall be determined as follows: (i)
if the Average Price (as defined below) is greater than or equal to
$23.450, but less than or equal to $35.175, then the AH Merger Exchange
Ratio will be the quotient determined by dividing 6.727 by the Average
Price; (ii) if the Average Price is less than $23.450, then the AH Merger
Exchange Ratio will be 0.287; and (iii) if the Average Price is greater
than $35.175, then the AH Merger Exchange Ratio will be 0.191. "Average
Price" means the average (rounded to the nearest 1/10,000) of the closing
prices on The Nasdaq Stock Market's National Market (the "NMS") as reported
in The Wall Street Journal (national edition) (or if not reported thereby,
any other authoritative source), of the KT Class A Common Stock for the ten
consecutive trading days ending on the third trading day immediately prior
to the KT Effective Time. In determining the AH Merger Exchange Ratio
pursuant to clause (i) as provided above, the final number will be rounded
to three decimal places, rounding up from 0.0005. Notwithstanding anything
elsewhere herein to the contrary, the aggregate number of shares of Parent
Common Stock to be issued to each holder of AH Membership Units shall be
rounded to the nearest whole number of shares. As of the AH Effective
Time, all such AH Membership Units shall no longer be outstanding and shall
automatically be cancelled and retired and shall cease to exist, and each
holder of an AH Membership Unit immediately prior to the AH Effective Time
shall cease to have any rights with respect thereto, except the right to
receive Parent Certificates.
(c) Cancellation of AH Class A Membership Units. Each issued
and outstanding class A membership unit of AH (the "Class A Membership
Units"), shall automatically be cancelled and retired and shall cease to
exist, and no consideration shall be delivered in exchange therefor.
(d) Conversion of Membership Interests of SubAH. Each issued
and outstanding membership interest of SubAH shall be converted into one
validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable membership interest of the
Surviving LLC.
Section 2.3 Exchange of Certificates.
(a) No Surrender of KT Certificates. Until thereafter
surrendered for transfer or exchange in the ordinary course, each
outstanding stock certificate that, immediately prior to the KT Effective
Time, evidenced shares of KT Class A Common Stock shall be deemed and
treated for all corporate purposes to evidence the ownership of the number
of shares of Parent Common Stock into which such shares of KT Class A
Common Stock were converted pursuant to the provisions of Section 2.1(b).
(b) Exchange Agent. As of the AH Effective Time, Parent shall
enter into an agreement with such bank or trust company as may be
designated by KT (the "Exchange Agent"), which shall provide that Parent
shall deposit with the Exchange Agent as of the AH Effective Time, for the
benefit of the holders of AH Membership Units, for exchange in accordance
with this Article II, through the Exchange Agent, Parent Certificates
representing the number of whole shares of Parent Common Stock issuable
pursuant to Section 2.2(b) in exchange for outstanding AH Membership Units.
(c) Exchange Procedures. At the AH Effective Time and subject
to the provisions of Section 2.3(g) below, each holder of AH Membership
Units whose AH Membership Units were converted into AH Merger Consideration
pursuant to Section 2.2(b) hereof shall receive from the Exchange Agent a
Parent Certificate representing that number of whole shares of Parent
Common Stock which such holder has the right to receive pursuant to the
provisions of Section 2.2(b) hereof; provided, that each such holder shall
execute an acknowledgment, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to
Parent, stating that receipt of such Parent Certificate by such holder
shall be deemed in full satisfaction of the obligations of Parent to such
holder under Article II. Until surrendered for exchange as contemplated by
this Section 2.3, each AH Membership Unit shall be deemed at any time after
the AH Effective Time to represent only the right to receive upon such
surrender, Parent Certificates representing the number of whole shares of
Parent Common Stock into which the AH Membership Units have been converted.
(d) No Further Ownership Rights in AH Membership Units. All
shares of Parent Common Stock issued upon the surrender for exchange of AH
Membership Units in accordance with the terms of this Article II shall be
deemed to have been issued in full satisfaction of all rights pertaining to
the AH Membership Units, and there shall be no further registration of
transfers on the transfer books of the Surviving LLC of the AH Membership
Units which were outstanding immediately prior to the AH Effective Time.
If, after the AH Effective Time, AH Membership Units are presented to the
Surviving LLC or the Exchange Agent for any reason, they shall be cancelled
and exchanged as provided in this Article II, except as otherwise provided
by Law.
(e) No Fractional Shares. No Parent Certificates or scrip
representing fractional shares of Parent Common Stock shall be issued upon
the surrender for exchange of AH Membership Units, no dividend or
distribution of Parent shall relate to such fractional share interests, and
such fractional share interests will not entitle the owner thereof to vote
or to any rights of a stockholder of Parent.
(f) No Liability. None of Parent, KT, AH or the Exchange Agent
shall be liable to any person in respect of any shares of Parent Common
Stock (or dividends or distributions with respect thereto), in each case
delivered to a public official pursuant to any applicable abandoned
property, escheat or similar Law.
(g) Escrow Indemnity Agreement. Each of the Members hereby
agrees to cause the Exchange Agent (by written instruction and such other
actions reasonably requested by the Exchange Agent and the Escrow Agent) to
deposit, at the AH Closing, with an escrow agent reasonably acceptable to
Parent and AH (the "Escrow Agent"), on behalf of the Members, a number of
shares of Parent Common Stock equal to 10% of the aggregate number of
shares of Parent Common Stock issuable to the Members pursuant to Section
2.2 hereof (the "Escrow Shares"), which Escrow Shares shall be held in an
escrow account in accordance with the terms of an escrow agreement between
the Members, Parent and the Escrow Agent, substantially in the form
attached as Exhibit C hereto (the "Escrow Indemnity Agreement"). The
obligations of each of the Members to cause the deposit of shares of Parent
Common Stock as Escrow Shares shall be pro rata to the number of shares of
Parent Common Stock to which such Member (directly or through any
affiliated entity) is entitled as a result of the AH Merger. The Escrow
Shares will secure the obligations of the Members pursuant to Article VIII.
ARTICLE III
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF AH AND THE MEMBERS
Except as set forth in the disclosure schedule delivered by AH
prior to the execution of this Agreement (the "AH Disclosure Schedule")
making reference to the particular section or subsection of this Agreement
to which an exception is being taken, AH and each of the Members hereby
represent and warrant, jointly and severally, to KT, as of the date hereof
and as of the AH Closing Date, as follows:
Section 3.1 Organization, Qualification, Etc.
(a) AH is a limited liability company duly organized, validly
existing and in good standing (or other equivalent status) under the laws
of the jurisdiction of its organization and has the limited liability
company power and authority to own, operate and lease all of its properties
and assets and to carry on its business as it is now being conducted or
presently proposed to be conducted and is duly qualified to do business and
is in good standing (or other equivalent status) in each jurisdiction in
which the ownership, operation or leasing of its properties or assets or
the conduct of its business requires such qualification, except for
jurisdictions in which the failure to be so qualified or in good standing
(or other equivalent status) could not reasonably be expected, individually
or in the aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Effect on AH. As used in
this Agreement, any reference to any state of facts, event, change or
effect having a "Material Adverse Effect" on or with respect to AH, means
such state of facts, event, change or effect that, individually or in the
aggregate, has had or could reasonably be expected to have a material
adverse effect on the business, assets, results of operations or condition
(financial or otherwise) of AH and its Subsidiaries (as hereinafter
defined), taken as a whole (except for any state of facts, event, change or
effect (i) relating to general economic conditions in the geographic areas
in which AH and its Subsidiaries operate or invest or (ii) similarly
affecting persons in the industries in which AH and its Subsidiaries
operate), or that could reasonably be expected to materially impair the
ability of AH or any of the Members to perform its respective obligations
under this Agreement or consummate the Mergers and the other transactions
contemplated hereby. AH has made available to KT true, complete and
correct copies of AH's Certificate of Formation and Amended and Restated
Operating Agreement (the "AH Organizational Documents"), which AH
Organizational Documents are in full force and effect.
(b) Each of AH's Subsidiaries is a corporation or limited
liability company duly organized, validly existing and in good standing (or
other equivalent status) under the laws of its jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization, has the power and authority to own, operate
and lease its properties and to carry on its business as it is now being
conducted or presently proposed to be conducted, and is duly qualified to
do business and is in good standing (or equivalent status) in each
jurisdiction in which the ownership, operation or leasing of its properties
or assets or the conduct of its business requires such qualification,
except for jurisdictions in which the failure to be so qualified or in good
standing (or other equivalent status) could not reasonably be expected,
individually or in the aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Effect on AH.
AH has made available to KT true, complete and correct copies of the
certificate of incorporation, bylaws or other similar governing documents
for each of AH's Subsidiaries, which organizational documents are in full
force and effect.
(c) All of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock
of, or other voting securities or ownership interests in, AH's Subsidiaries
have been validly issued and are fully paid and nonassessable and are owned
of record and beneficially by AH, directly or indirectly, free and clear of
all liens, encumbrances, security agreements, equities, options, charges,
pledges, mortgages or restrictions of any kind whatsoever ("Encumbrances").
There are no (i) securities of AH or any of its Subsidiaries convertible
into or exchangeable or exercisable for shares of capital stock or other
voting securities or ownership interests in any of AH's Subsidiaries, (ii)
warrants, calls, options or other rights to acquire from AH or any of its
Subsidiaries, or any obligations of AH or any of its Subsidiaries to issue,
any capital stock, voting securities or other ownership interests in, or
any securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for, any
capital stock, voting securities or ownership interests in, any of AH's
Subsidiaries, or (iii) obligations of AH or any of its Subsidiaries to
repurchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any outstanding securities of AH's
Subsidiaries or to issue, deliver or sell, or cause to be issued, delivered
or sold, any such securities.
(d) Section 3.1(d) of the AH Disclosure Schedule sets forth a
list of all Subsidiaries of AH, their respective jurisdictions of
organization and the percentage equity ownership of AH (direct or indirect)
in each of them. Except as set forth in Section 3.1(d) of the AH
Disclosure Schedule and other than securities acquired or investments made
in connection with trading activities or investments in capital market
securities, in each case, in the ordinary course of business consistent
with past practice, AH and its Subsidiaries do not own any securities of,
or have any debt or equity investment in, or loans outstanding to, any
person (other than the Subsidiaries of AH). AH and its Subsidiaries are
not subject to any contractual obligation under which any of them may be
required to advance or contribute capital to, or make any loan to, any
person or entity.
Section 3.2 Membership Units.
(a) AH has members holding the respective (i) AH Membership Units
and (ii) Class A Membership Units (collectively, the "Membership Units")
set forth in Section 3.2(a)(i) of the AH Disclosure Schedule. None of such
Membership Units are represented in physical form by any certificate or
other similar instrument. The Membership Units are validly issued, fully
paid and nonassessable and free of preemptive rights. Except as set forth
in Section 3.2(a)(ii) of the AH Disclosure Schedule, there are no
membership or limited liability company interests or other equity
securities or any security convertible into or exchangeable for any such
membership or limited liability company interests or other equity
securities of AH issued and outstanding; there are no issued and
outstanding options, warrants or rights to purchase or acquire any
membership or limited liability company interests or other equity
securities of AH or any security convertible into or exchangeable for any
such membership or limited liability company interests or other equity
securities of AH; and there are no contracts, commitments, understandings,
arrangements or restrictions by which AH is bound to issue additional
membership or limited liability company interests or other equity
securities or options, warrants or rights to purchase or acquire any
additional membership or limited liability company interests or other
equity securities or any security convertible into or exchangeable for any
such membership or limited liability company interests or other equity
securities of AH.
(b) The Members own, beneficially and of record, 100% of the
Membership Units free and clear of all Encumbrances.
Section 3.3 Authority Relative to this Agreement.
(a) AH has the limited liability company power and authority to
enter into this Agreement and to carry out its obligations hereunder. The
execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the consummation
of the transactions contemplated hereby have been duly and validly
authorized by the Members and no other limited liability company
proceedings on the part of AH are necessary to authorize this Agreement or
the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby. This Agreement
has been duly and validly executed and delivered by AH and each of the
Members and, assuming this Agreement constitutes a valid and binding
agreement of the other parties hereto, this Agreement constitutes a valid
and binding agreement of AH and each of the Members, enforceable against AH
and each of the Members in accordance with its terms (except insofar as
enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency,
reorganization, moratorium or similar laws affecting creditors' rights
generally or by principles governing the availability of equitable
remedies).
Section 3.4 Non-Contravention; Consents and Approvals.
(a) None of the execution, delivery or performance of this
Agreement by AH and each of the Members or the consummation by AH and each
of the Members of the transactions contemplated hereby will (i) violate the
AH Organizational Documents or the certificate of incorporation, the bylaws
or other similar governing documents of any Subsidiaries of AH or any of
the Private Funds (as defined in Section 3.21(h) below), (ii) except for
all third party consents and approvals required to be obtained under any
note, bond, mortgage, deed of trust, security interest, indenture, lease,
license, contract, agreement, exchange membership, exchange allocation,
plan or other instrument or obligation to which AH, any of its
Subsidiaries, any of the Private Funds or any Member is a party or by which
any of them or any of their respective properties or assets may be bound
(the "AH Agreements") prior to the consummation of the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement the failure of which to obtain could
reasonably be expected, individually or in the aggregate, to have a
Material Adverse Effect on AH (the "Required Third Party Consents"), result
in the violation or breach of, or constitute (with or without due notice or
lapse of time or both) a default (or give rise to any right of termination,
cancellation, vesting, payment, exercise, acceleration, suspension or
revocation) under, any of the provisions of any AH Agreement, (iii) except
for all notices to, filings and registrations with, and permits,
authorizations, consents and approvals of, Governmental Entities (as
defined in Section 3.8(i) below) required to be made or obtained from
Governmental Entities prior to the consummation of the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement the failure of which to so make or obtain
could reasonably be expected, individually or in the aggregate, to have a
Material Adverse Effect on AH (the "Required Statutory Approvals"), violate
any order, writ, injunction, decree, judgment, permit, license, statute,
law, ordinance, rule or regulation ("Law") of any Governmental Entity
applicable to AH, any of its Subsidiaries, any of the Private Funds or any
Member or any of their respective properties or assets, or (iv) result in
the creation or imposition of any Encumbrance on any asset of AH, any of
its Subsidiaries, any of the Private Funds or any Member, except in the
case of clauses (ii), (iii) and (iv) for violations, breaches, defaults,
terminations, cancellations, accelerations or creations which could not
reasonably be expected, individually or in the aggregate, to have a
Material Adverse Effect on AH.
(b) Section 3.4(b)(i) of the AH Disclosure Schedule sets forth a
list of all of the Required Third Party Consents. Section 3.4(b)(ii) of
the AH Disclosure Schedule sets forth a list of all of the Required
Statutory Approvals.
Section 3.5 Financial Statements; Financial Condition.
(a) AH has previously delivered to KT true and complete copies
of the financial statements of AH and/or its predecessors (the "AH
Financial Statements") consisting of (i) an audited consolidated statement
of financial condition of AH at December 31, 1998, (ii) an audited
consolidated statement of income and statement of cash flows of AH for the
12 months ended December 31, 1998, (iii) unaudited statements of financial
condition at December 31, 1997 for each of Nu Twins, L.L.C., Tarmachan
Capital Management, Inc., Tarmachan Capital Co., Laboratory for
Computerized Trading LLC and Arbitrade UK Limited, and at September 30,
1999 for each of Deephaven Capital Management LLC, Deephaven Capital LLC,
Arbitrade, L.L.C., Arbitrade UK Limited, Deephaven Investment Advisers LLC
and Laboratory for Computerized Trading LLC, (iv) unaudited statements of
income for the 12 months ended December 31, 1997 for each of Nu Twins,
L.L.C., Tarmachan Capital Management, Inc., Tarmachan Capital Co.,
Laboratory for Computerized Trading LLC and Arbitrade UK Limited; and (v)
an unaudited consolidated statement of income of AH for the nine months
ended September 30, 1999. All of the audited AH Financial Statements
delivered to KT (including all notes and schedules contained therein or
annexed thereto) have been prepared in accordance with GAAP consistently
applied with past practices, and all of the unaudited AH Financial
Statements delivered to KT (including all notes and schedules contained
therein or annexed thereto) have been prepared on a basis consistent with
the accounting principles used in the preparation of the audited AH
Financial Statements. All of the AH Financial Statements delivered to KT
(including all notes and schedules contained therein or annexed thereto)
are consistent with the books and records of AH and its Subsidiaries, and
fairly present in all material respects the assets, liabilities and
financial condition, the results of operations and cash flows of the
relevant entities as of the dates and for the years and periods indicated.
The AH Financial Statements disclose all material changes in accounting
principles and practices adopted by the relevant entities during the
periods covered by such AH Financial Statements.
(b) The total Net Assets (as defined below) reflected on the
unaudited combined statement of financial condition of AH as of September
30, 1999 are, and the total Net Assets reflected on the unaudited combined
statement of financial condition of AH as of the AH Closing Date will be,
at least $38.0 million. "Net Assets" shall be calculated by subtracting
total liabilities from total assets. Each of the statements of financial
condition pursuant to which such calculations were made or will be made, as
applicable, was or will be prepared in accordance with GAAP consistently
applied with past practices and in a manner consistent with the audited
statement of financial condition of AH as of December 31, 1998, subject to
adjustment as set forth in Section 3.5(b) of the AH Disclosure Schedule.
Section 3.6 Environmental Matters.
(a) None of AH or any of its Subsidiaries is required to obtain
any licenses, permits, authorizations, approvals and consents from
Governmental Entities under any applicable Environmental Law (as defined
below) in respect of its business, properties, assets and operations,
except for such failures to obtain as could not reasonably be expected,
individually or in the aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Effect on AH.
Each of AH and its Subsidiaries is in compliance with all applicable
Environmental Laws, except for such exceptions as could not reasonably be
expected, individually or in the aggregate, to have a Material Adverse
Effect on AH.
(b) There is no Environmental Claim (as defined below) filed,
pending, or to the knowledge of AH, threatened or in process, against AH
or any of its Subsidiaries or any person whose liability for such
Environmental Claim AH or any of its Subsidiaries has retained or assumed
either contractually or by operation of Law, that could reasonably be
expected, individually or in the aggregate, to have a Material Adverse
Effect on AH.
(c) Except as set forth in Section 3.6(c) of the AH Disclosure
Schedule, to the knowledge of AH, no Encumbrances have arisen under or
pursuant to any Environmental Law on any property, site or facility owned,
operated or leased by AH or any of its Subsidiaries, except for such
Encumbrances which could not reasonably be expected, individually or in the
aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Effect on AH, and no action of any
Governmental Entity has been taken or, to the knowledge of the Company, is
threatened which could subject any of such properties to such Encumbrances,
except for such action which could not reasonably be expected, individually
or in the aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Effect on AH.
(d) As used in this Agreement:
(i) "Environmental Claim" means any claim, action, cause of
action, order, investigation or notice (written or oral) by any person
alleging potential or actual liability (including, without limitation,
potential or actual liability for investigation, evaluation, cleanup,
removal actions, remedial actions, response actions, natural resources
damages, property damages, personal injuries or penalties) arising out
of, based on or resulting from any Environmental Law, including any
claim under CERCLA, and shall include any request for information
under CERCLA or any comparable foreign, state or local Law.
(ii) "Environmental Law" means any Law relating to (a) the
environment or pollution, environmental matters, the protection of the
environment, or the protection of human health and safety from
environmental concerns, (b) actual or threatened emissions,
discharges, or releases of pollutants, contaminants, chemicals or
solid, industrial, toxic or hazardous substances, wastes or
constituents into the environment, and (c) the presence, manufacture,
processing, distribution, use, treatment, storage, disposal, transport
or handling of Hazardous Materials.
(iii) "Hazardous Materials" means (a) any petroleum or
petroleum products and radioactive materials, (b) any chemicals,
constituents, materials, or substances defined or included in the
definition of "hazardous substances," "hazardous wastes," "hazardous
materials," "extremely hazardous substances," "toxic substances" and
related materials, as such materials are defined in any Environmental
Law, and (c) any other chemical, material or substance, exposure to
which is prohibited, limited or regulated by any Governmental Entity.
Section 3.7 Employee Benefit Plans; ERISA.
(a) Except as could not reasonably be expected, individually or
in the aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Effect on AH, (i) all Employee
Benefit Plans (as defined below) (other than any Employee Benefit Plan that
is a "multiemployer plan" within the meaning of Section 3(37) of ERISA (a
"Multiemployer Plan")) are in material compliance with all applicable
requirements of Law, including ERISA and the Code, and (ii) neither AH nor
any of its Subsidiaries nor any ERISA Affiliate (as defined below) has any
liabilities or obligations with respect to any such Employee Benefit Plans,
whether accrued, contingent or otherwise, that are not otherwise reflected
on the AH Financial Statements, nor to the knowledge of AH, are any such
liabilities or obligations expected to be incurred. The execution and
delivery of, and performance of the transactions contemplated by this
Agreement will not (either alone or upon the occurrence of any additional
or subsequent events) constitute an event under any Employee Benefit Plan
that will or may result in acceleration, forgiveness of indebtedness,
vesting, distribution, increase in benefits or obligation to fund benefits
with respect to any employee. The only severance agreements or severance
policies applicable to AH or any of its Subsidiaries are the agreements and
policies set forth in Section 3.7(a) of the AH Disclosure Schedule.
(b) With respect to each of its Plans, AH has heretofore made
available to KT complete and correct copies of each of the following
documents, as applicable: (i) a copy of the Plan (as defined below) and any
amendments thereto; (ii) a copy of the most recent annual report; (iii) a
copy of the most recent actuarial report; (iv) a copy of the most recent
Summary Plan Description and all material modifications; (v) a copy of the
trust or other funding agreement and any amendments thereto; and (vi) the
most recent determination letter received from the Internal Revenue Service
(the "IRS") with respect to each Plan that is intended to be qualified
under Section 401 of the Code.
(c) Section 3.7(c) of the AH Disclosure Schedule sets forth a
list of each employee of AH or any of its Subsidiaries who is a party to
any agreement (whether written or oral) with respect to such person's
employment by AH or any of its Subsidiaries for annual compensation in
excess of $120,000. AH has made available to KT a complete and correct
copy of each such written employment agreement and a complete and correct
written summary of each such oral agreement.
(d) None of the Employee Benefit Plans is either (i) subject to
Title IV of ERISA, or (ii) a money purchase plan, and neither AH, any of
its Subsidiaries nor any ERISA Affiliate has maintained, contributed to or
had an obligation to contribute to an employee benefit plan that is subject
to Title IV of ERISA within the six year period preceding the date of this
Agreement. None of the Employee Benefit Plans is a Multiemployer Plan.
Each of the Employee Benefit Plans that is intended to be "qualified"
within the meaning of Section 401(a) of the Code is so qualified and the
trusts maintained thereunder are exempt from taxation under Section 501(a)
of the Code. Except as set forth in Section 3.7(d) of the AH Disclosure
Schedule, no Employee Benefit Plan provides benefits, including without
limitation death or medical benefits (whether or not insured), with respect
to current or former employees after retirement or other termination of
service (other than coverage mandated by applicable Law or benefits, the
full cost of which is borne by the current or former employee). There are
no material pending or threatened claims by or on behalf of any Employee
Benefit Plan, by any employee or beneficiary covered under any such
Employee Benefit Plan, or otherwise involving any such Employee Benefit
Plan (other than routine claims for benefits). No prohibited transaction
has occurred with respect to any Employee Benefit Plan that would result,
directly or indirectly, in the imposition of an excise Tax or other
liability under the Code or ERISA, except for such a Tax or other liability
that could not reasonably be expected, individually or in the aggregate, to
have a Material Adverse Effect on AH. Except as could not reasonably be
expected, individually or in the aggregate, to have a Material Adverse
Effect on AH, with respect to each foreign Plan: (i) all amounts required
to be reserved on account of each foreign Plan have been so reserved in
accordance with reasonable accounting practices prevailing in the country
where such foreign Plan is established and (ii) each foreign Plan required
to be registered with a Governmental Entity has been registered, has been
maintained in good standing with the appropriate Governmental Entities, and
has been maintained and operated in accordance with its terms and
applicable Law.
(e) Except as set forth in Section 3.7(e) of the AH Disclosure
Schedule, no director or officer or other employee of AH or any of its
Subsidiaries will become entitled to any termination, retirement, severance
or similar payment, benefit or enhanced or accelerated benefit (including
any acceleration of vesting or lapse of restrictions, repurchase rights or
obligations with respect to any benefit under any equity plan or incentive
or compensation plan or arrangement) as a result of the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement (either standing alone or in conjunction
with any additional or subsequent events).
(f) Any amount or other entitlement that could be received
(whether in cash or property or the vesting of property) as a result of any
of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement by any employee, officer
or director of AH or any of its affiliates who is a "disqualified
individual" (as such term is defined in proposed Treasury Regulation
Section 1.280G-1) under any employee benefit plan or other compensation
arrangement currently in effect would not be characterized as an "excess
parachute payment" or a "parachute payment" (as such terms are defined in
Section 280G(b)(1) of the Code).
(g) As used in this Agreement:
(i) "Employee Benefit Plan" means any material Plan entered
into, established, maintained, sponsored, contributed to or required
to be contributed to by AH or any of its Subsidiaries or ERISA
Affiliates for the benefit of the current or former employees or
directors of AH or any of its Subsidiaries and existing, or under
which AH or any of its Subsidiaries or ERISA Affiliates has any
liabilities on the date of this Agreement or at any time subsequent
thereto and on or prior to the Effective Time;
(ii) "Plan" means any employment, bonus, incentive
compensation, deferred compensation, pension, profit sharing,
retirement, equity purchase, equity option, equity ownership, equity
appreciation rights, phantom equity, leave of absence, layoff,
vacation, day or dependent care, legal services, cafeteria, life,
health, medical, accident, disability, worker's compensation or other
insurance, severance, separation, termination, change of control or
other benefit plan, agreement, practice policy, program or arrangement
of any kind, whether written or oral, including, but not limited to,
any "employee benefit plan" within the meaning of Section 3(3) of the
Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended, and the
rules and regulations thereunder ("ERISA"); and
(iii) "ERISA Affiliate" means, with respect to AH, any
entity, trade or business that is a member of the same controlled
group as AH (within the meaning of Sections 414(b), (c), (m) or (o) of
the Code).
Section 3.8 Tax Matters. Except as set forth in Section 3.8 of
the AH Disclosure Schedule:
(a) All income and other material Tax Returns (as defined
below), which are required to be filed by AH or its Subsidiaries have been
timely filed (giving effect to any extensions) and all such Tax Returns are
true, complete and correct. All Taxes shown on such Tax Returns as owed by
AH or any of the Subsidiaries or claimed to be owed by AH or any of the
Subsidiaries by any Governmental Entity for any taxable period (whether or
not shown on any Tax Return) have been timely paid in full or are being
contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings (and for which the
relevant entity has set aside adequate reserves on its financial statements
in accordance with GAAP).
(b) Each of AH and each of its Subsidiaries has complied in all
material respects with all applicable Laws relating to the payment and
withholding of Taxes (including, without limitation, withholding of Taxes
pursuant to Sections 1441 and 1442 of the Code or similar provisions under
any foreign laws) and has, within the time and in the manner prescribed by
applicable Laws, withheld from employee wages or other compensation and
from any payments to independent contractors and paid over to the proper
Governmental Entity all amounts required to be so withheld and paid over
under all applicable Laws.
(c) (i) No deficiencies for any Taxes have been threatened,
proposed, asserted or assessed against AH or any of its Subsidiaries, (ii)
no Governmental Entity is conducting or proposing to conduct an audit with
respect to Taxes of or any Tax Return required to be filed with respect to
AH or any of its Subsidiaries, (iii) neither AH nor any of its Subsidiaries
is a party to any agreement or arrangement to allocate, share or indemnify
another party for Taxes, (iv) there are no Liens for Taxes upon the assets
of AH or any of its Subsidiaries, except for Statutory Liens for Taxes not
yet due, (v) no jurisdiction where either AH or any of its Subsidiaries
does not file a Tax Return has asserted or otherwise made a claim that AH
or any of its Subsidiaries is required to file a Tax Return for such
jurisdiction, and (vi) no power of attorney has been granted by or with
respect to AH or any of its Subsidiaries with respect to any matter
relating to Taxes.
(d) AH and each of its Subsidiaries is (and, during its entire
existence, has been) treated as either (i) an entity the separate existence
of which is disregarded for United States federal income tax purposes or
(ii) a domestic partnership for United States federal income tax purposes.
No Tax Return has been filed in any manner that is inconsistent with such
treatment.
(e) None of AH or any of its Subsidiaries has requested any
extension of time within which to file any Tax Return in respect of any
taxable year which has not since been filed, and no outstanding waivers or
comparable consents regarding the application of the statute of limitations
with respect to any Taxes or Tax Returns has been given by or on behalf of
AH or any of its Subsidiaries.
(f) The reserves for Taxes (determined in accordance with GAAP
consistently applied) reflected in the most recent balance sheet included
in the AH Financial Statements are adequate for the payment of all Taxes
incurred or which may be incurred by AH or any of its Subsidiaries through
the date of this Agreement. Since the date of the most recent balance
sheet included in the AH Financial Statements, none of AH or any of its
Subsidiaries has incurred any liability for Taxes other than in the
ordinary course of business.
(g) Each of the Members is a United States Person (as defined in
Section 7701(a)(30) of the Code).
(h) AH and each of its Subsidiaries has previously delivered or
made available to KT complete and accurate copies of each of (i) all audit
reports, letter rulings, technical advice memoranda and similar documents
issued by a Governmental Entity relating to Taxes of, or with respect to,
AH or any of its Subsidiaries, (ii) all income Tax Returns, and those
state, local and foreign income Tax Returns filed by AH or any of its
Subsidiaries (or on their behalf) and (iii) any closing agreements entered
into by AH or any of its Subsidiaries with any Governmental Entity. AH
will deliver to KT all materials with respect to the foregoing for all
matters arising after the date of this Agreement.
(i) "Governmental Entity" means any (i) nation, state, county,
city, town, village, district, or other jurisdiction of any nature; (ii)
federal, state, local, municipal, foreign or other government; (iii)
governmental or quasi-governmental authority of any nature (including any
governmental agency, branch, department, official, or entity and any court
or other tribunal); or (iv) body exercising, or entitled to exercise, any
governmentally derived administrative, executive, judicial, legislative,
police, regulatory, or taxing authority or power of any nature.
(j) "Taxes" means any federal, state, local or foreign net
income, gross income, receipts, windfall profit, severance, property,
production, sales, use, license excise, franchise, employment, payroll,
withholding, alternative or add-on minimum, ad valorem, transfer, stamp or
environmental tax, or any other tax, custom, duty, governmental fee or
other like assessment or charge of any kind whatsoever, together with any
interest or penalty, addition to tax or additional amount imposed by any
Governmental Entity.
(k) "Tax Returns" means all returns, reports, or statements
required to be filed with any Governmental Entity with respect to any Tax
(including any schedules or attachments thereto), including, without
limitation, any consolidated, unitary or similar return, information
return, claim for refund, amended return or declaration of estimated Tax.
Section 3.9 No Undisclosed Material Liabilities. There are no
liabilities, obligations or commitments of AH or any Subsidiary of AH of
any kind whatsoever, whether accrued, contingent, absolute, determined or
determinable, other than:
(a) liabilities the amounts of which could not reasonably be
expected, individually or in the aggregate, to have a Material Adverse
Effect on AH;
(b) liabilities the amounts of which are expressly disclosed in
the AH Financial Statements or are set forth in Section 3.9(b) of the AH
Disclosure Schedule; and
(c) liabilities under or arising as a result of this Agreement.
Section 3.10 Labor Relations. Except as set forth in Section
3.10 of the AH Disclosure Schedule, (i) neither AH nor any of its
Subsidiaries is a party to any collective bargaining agreement, (ii) no
labor organization or group of employees of AH (or any of its Subsidiaries)
has made a pending demand for recognition or certification, and there are
no representation or certification proceedings or petitions seeking a
representation proceeding presently pending or, to the knowledge of AH,
threatened to be brought or filed, with the National Labor Relations Board
or any other labor relations tribunal or authority, and (iii) in the past
five years there have not been any, and, to the knowledge of AH, there are
no, organizing activities, strikes, work stoppages, slowdowns, lockouts,
material arbitrations or material grievances, or other material labor
disputes pending or, to the knowledge of AH, threatened against or
involving AH or any of its Subsidiaries.
Section 3.11 Permits. Each of AH, its Subsidiaries and the
Private Funds is in possession of all franchises, grants, authorizations,
licenses, permits, easements, variances, exceptions, consents,
certificates, approvals and orders of any Governmental Entity necessary for
AH, any of its Subsidiaries or any of the Private Funds to own, lease and
operate its properties or to carry on its business as it is now being or is
proposed to be conducted (collectively, the "AH Permits"), except where the
failure to have, or the suspension or cancellation of, any of the AH
Permits, could not reasonably be expected, individually or in the
aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Effect on AH, and no suspension or
cancellation of any of the AH Permits is pending or, to the knowledge of
AH, threatened, except where the failure to have, or the suspension or
cancellation of, any of the AH Permits could not reasonably be expected,
individually or in the aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Effect on AH.
Neither AH nor any of its Subsidiaries or any of the Private Funds is in
conflict with, or in default or violation of, any AH Permits, except for
any such conflicts, defaults or violations which, could not reasonably be
expected, individually or in the aggregate, to have a Material Adverse
Effect on AH.
Section 3.12 Absence of Certain Changes or Events. Except as
set forth in Section 3.12 of the AH Disclosure Schedule, since December
31, 1998, AH and each of its Subsidiaries and each of the Private Funds
have conducted their businesses in the ordinary course and in a manner
consistent with past practice and, since such date, except as expressly
permitted by Section 5.1(A) of this Agreement with respect to clauses (c-i)
below there has not been:
(a) any Material Adverse Effect on AH;
(b) any damage, destruction or other casualty loss with respect
to any asset or property owned, leased or otherwise used by AH or any of
its Subsidiaries, whether or not covered by insurance, which damage,
destruction or loss could reasonably be expected, individually or in the
aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Effect on AH;
(c) any material change by AH in its or any of its Subsidiaries'
or any of the Private Funds' accounting methods, principles or practices,
except as required by GAAP or by applicable Law;
(d) any redemption, purchase or other acquisition of any of AH's
securities;
(e) any increase in the compensation or benefits or
establishment of any bonus, insurance, severance, deferred compensation,
pension, retirement, profit sharing, option (including, the granting of
options or performance awards), or other employee benefit plan, or any
other increase in the compensation payable or to become payable to any
executive officers of AH or any of its Subsidiaries, in each case other
than (i) as required by applicable Law and (ii) annual increases in the
ordinary course of business consistent with past practice;
(f) (i) any incurrence or assumption by AH or any of its
Subsidiaries or any of the Private Funds of any indebtedness for borrowed
money or (ii) any guarantee, endorsement or other incurrence or assumption
of any material liability (whether directly, contingently or otherwise) by
AH or any of its Subsidiaries or any of the Private Funds for the
obligations of any other person (other than any wholly owned Subsidiary),
in each case other than in the ordinary course of business consistent with
past practice;
(g) any creation or assumption by AH or any of its Subsidiaries
or any of the Private Funds of any Encumbrance on any material asset of AH
or any of its Subsidiaries or any of the Private Funds, other than in the
ordinary course of business consistent with past practice;
(h) any making of any loan, advance or capital contribution to,
or investment in, any person or entity by AH or any of its Subsidiaries or
any of the Private Funds, other than in connection with trading activities
or investments in capital market securities, in each case, in the ordinary
course of business consistent with past practice; or
(i) (i) any AH Agreements entered into by AH or any of its
Subsidiaries relating to any material acquisition or disposition of any
assets or business, or (ii) any modification, amendment, assignment or
termination of or relinquishment by AH or any of its Subsidiaries of any
rights under any other material AH Agreement (including any insurance
policy naming it as a beneficiary or a loss payable payee) other than
transactions, commitments, contracts or agreements in the ordinary course
of business consistent with past practice or those contemplated by this
Agreement.
Section 3.13 No Defaults. Except as set forth in Section 3.13
of the AH Disclosure Schedule, there is no AH Agreement that is material to
the business, financial condition or results of operations of AH and its
Subsidiaries taken as a whole. Neither AH nor any of its Subsidiaries is
and, to the knowledge of AH, none of the other parties to such AH
Agreements are, in violation of or in default under (nor does there exist
any condition which with the passage of time or the giving of notice would
cause such a violation of or default under) any AH Agreement to which AH or
any of its Subsidiaries is a party or by which AH or any of its
Subsidiaries or any of their respective properties or assets is or may be
bound or affected, except for violations or defaults that could not
reasonably be expected, individually or in the aggregate, to have a
Material Adverse Effect on AH.
Section 3.14 Litigation. Except as set forth in Section 3.14 of
the AH Disclosure Schedule, there is no suit, claim, action, or proceeding
(collectively, the "Claims") pending or, to the knowledge of AH, threatened
against AH or any of its Subsidiaries before any Governmental Entity nor to
the knowledge of AH are there any investigations or reviews by any
Governmental Entity pending or threatened against, relating to or affecting
AH or any of its Subsidiaries, in each case, that, if adversely determined
could reasonably be expected, individually or in the aggregate, to have a
Material Adverse Effect on AH. Neither AH nor any of its Subsidiaries is
subject to any outstanding order, writ, injunction or decree of any court
or Governmental Entity which could reasonably be expected, individually or
in the aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Effect on AH.
Section 3.15 Intellectual Property.
(a) (i) Section 3.15(a)(i) of the AH Disclosure Schedule
sets forth all material United States and foreign patents and patent
applications, trademark and service mark registrations and
applications, Internet domain names, and copyright registrations and
applications owned by AH and its Subsidiaries, specifying as to each
item, as applicable: (A) the jurisdictions in which the item is issued
or registered or in which an application for issuance or registration
has been filed; and (B) the issuance, registration and application
numbers, and dates thereof.
(ii) Section 3.15(a)(ii) of the AH Disclosure Schedule sets
forth all material licenses, material sublicenses, and other material
agreements or permissions ("IP Licenses") pursuant to which AH or any
of its Subsidiaries is a licensor or licensee of or otherwise is
authorized to use or practice under any third party rights in any
Intellectual Property (as defined below) on an exclusive basis and any
non-exclusive IP License that, to the knowledge of AH, is not
available to parties other than AH or any of its Subsidiaries on
comparable commercial terms to which it is licensed to AH or such
Subsidiary. To the knowledge of AH, all such IP Licenses are valid,
enforceable and in full force and effect in accordance with their
respective terms, and, to the knowledge of AH, there exists no event
or condition which will result in a violation or breach of, or
constitute (with or without due notice or lapse of time or both) a
default by AH or any of its Subsidiaries (or, to the knowledge of AH,
any other party thereto) under any IP License. For purposes of this
Agreement, "Intellectual Property" means all of the following as they
exist in all jurisdictions throughout the world, in each case, to the
extent owned by, licensed to, or otherwise used by AH or any of its
Subsidiaries: (A) patents, patent applications, invention
disclosures, and other patent rights (including any divisions,
continuations, continuations-in-part, substitutions, or reissues
thereof, whether or not patents are issued on any such applications
and whether or not any such applications are modified, withdrawn, or
resubmitted); (B) registered and unregistered trademarks, service
marks, slogans, trade dress, trade names, brand names, Internet domain
names, designs, logos, or corporate names; (C) registered or
unregistered copyrights, including all renewals and extensions
thereof; (D) trade secrets, concepts, ideas, designs, research,
processes, procedures, techniques, methods, know-how, data, mask
works, discoveries, inventions, modifications, extensions,
improvements, and other proprietary rights (whether or not patentable
or subject to copyright, mask work, or trade secret protection), and
technical manuals and documentation with respect to any of the
foregoing (collectively, the "Technology"); and (E) computer software
programs and databases, including all source code, object code, and
documentation related thereto (the "Software"). References in this
Agreement to "Owned Intellectual Property," "Owned Software" and
"Owned Technology" shall refer to Intellectual Property, Software or
Technology, as applicable, owned by, or exclusively licensed to, AH or
any of its Subsidiaries. References to "Leased Intellectual Property"
shall refer to Intellectual Property non-exclusively licensed to, or
otherwise used by, AH or any of its Subsidiaries.
(b) AH and its Subsidiaries own or license, free and clear of
all Encumbrances, all Owned Intellectual Property and, to the knowledge of
AH, have valid rights to use all Licensed Intellectual Property used in or
necessary for the conduct of their respective businesses and operations as
currently conducted and as presently proposed to be conducted.
(c) All of the registrations and applications set forth in
Section 3.15(a)(i) of the AH Disclosure Schedule are, to the knowledge of
AH, in good standing and are valid and enforceable. No such registrations
or applications are subject to any pending or, to the knowledge of AH,
threatened opposition, cancellation, interference or similar adversarial
proceedings before any registration authority, and either AH or one of its
Subsidiaries is the record owner of each such registration and application.
(d) None of AH or any of its Subsidiaries has been, during the
three years preceding the date of this Agreement, a party to any Claim,
nor, to the knowledge of AH, is any Claim threatened against AH or any of
its Subsidiaries, that challenges the validity, enforceability, ownership,
or right to use, sell, or license any Intellectual Property, which Claims,
if adversely determined, could reasonably be expected, individually or in
the aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Effect on AH. To the knowledge
of AH, no third party is infringing upon or diluting any Owned Intellectual
Property material to AH and its Subsidiaries' respective businesses and
operations.
(e) There are no settlement agreements to which AH or any of its
Subsidiaries is a party, consents to which AH or any of its Subsidiaries
are subject, judgments against AH or any of its Subsidiaries, orders to
which AH or any of its Subsidiaries are subject, forebearances to sue or
similar obligations with respect to AH or any of its Subsidiaries, in each
case, which restrict in any material respect AH's and its Subsidiaries'
rights to (i) use, sell or license any Owned Intellectual Property or (ii)
conduct its business in order to accommodate a third party's Intellectual
Property rights.
(f) AH has taken commercially reasonable actions (which the
parties expressly agree may include treating such Owned Intellectual
Property as trade secrets, without seeking any trademark or copyright
registrations or applications or patent protection) to maintain and protect
each item of Owned Intellectual Property that is material to AH's or any of
its Subsidiaries' businesses and operations and, except as set forth in
Section 3.15(f) of the AH Disclosure Schedule, has obtained customary
confidentiality agreements in respect of such Owned Intellectual Property
from each employee or consultant of AH or any of its Subsidiaries.
(g) AH has taken commercially reasonable precautions (which the
parties expressly agree may include treating such Owned Technology as trade
secrets, without seeking any trademark or copyright registrations or
applications or patent protection) to protect the secrecy, confidentiality,
and value of its and its Subsidiaries' trade secrets and the proprietary
nature and value of the Owned Technology material to its or any of its
Subsidiaries' respective businesses and operations.
(h) Except as set forth in Section 3.15(h) of the AH Disclosure
Schedule, to the knowledge of AH, all Owned Software that is currently used
by AH and its Subsidiaries that is material to AH or any of its
Subsidiaries' businesses and operations performs or is reasonably expected
to perform in all material respects the functions for which such Owned
Software is used by AH or such Subsidiary.
(i) To the knowledge of AH, none of the Software, hardware
(whether general or special purpose), embedded control systems and other
similar or related items of automated, computerized, and/or software
system(s) that are used or relied on by AH and its Subsidiaries in the
conduct of their businesses (collectively, the "Systems") will malfunction,
will cease to function, will generate incorrect data, and will provide
incorrect results when processing, calculating, comparing, sequencing,
displaying, storing, providing, and/or receiving (i) date-related data into
and between the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, and (ii) date-related
data in connection with any valid date in the twentieth and twenty-first
centuries, except as could not reasonably be expected, individually or in
the aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Effect on AH.
(j) None of AH or any of its Subsidiaries is, nor, as a result
of the execution and delivery of this Agreement or the performance of its
obligations under this Agreement, will be, in material violation of any
agreement relating to any Owned Intellectual Property or, to the knowledge
of AH, any Licensed Intellectual Property, in each case, material to their
respective business and operations. After the completion of the
transactions contemplated by this Agreement, AH and its Subsidiaries will
continue to own all right, title, and interest in and to or have a license
to use all Owned Intellectual Property (including all Owned Software) and,
to the knowledge of AH, all Licensed Intellectual Property, in each case,
material to their respective businesses and operations on terms and
conditions identical in all material respects to those enjoyed by them
immediately prior to such transactions.
Section 3.16 Non-Competition Agreements. Except as set forth in
Section 3.16 of the AH Disclosure Schedule, neither AH nor any of its
Subsidiaries is a party to any agreement which purports to restrict or
prohibit in any material respect AH and its Subsidiaries collectively from,
directly or indirectly, engaging in any business. None of the officers,
members or key employees of AH or any of its Subsidiaries is a party to any
agreement which, by virtue of such person's relationship with AH or any of
its Subsidiaries, restricts in any material respect AH or any of its
Subsidiaries or any affiliate of any of them from, directly or indirectly,
engaging in any business.
Section 3.17 Certain Agreements. Except as set forth in
Section 3.17 of the AH Disclosure Schedule, neither AH nor any of its
Subsidiaries is a party to any oral or written (i) agreement with any
executive officer or other key employee of AH or its Subsidiaries the
benefits of which are contingent, or the terms of which are materially
altered, upon the occurrence of a transaction involving AH of the nature
contemplated by this Agreement, or (ii) plan, including any option plan or
other benefits plan, any of the benefits of which will be increased, or the
vesting of the benefits of which will be accelerated, by the occurrence of
any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or the value of any
of the benefits of which will be calculated on the basis of any of the
transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
Section 3.18 Real Property. Neither AH nor any of its
Subsidiaries owns any fee interest in real estate. Except as set forth in
Section 3.18 of the AH Disclosure Schedule, none of AH or any of its
Subsidiaries is a party to any material leases, subleases and other
agreement (the "AH Real Property Leases") under which AH or any of it
Subsidiaries uses or occupies or has the right to use or occupy, now or in
the future, any real property. AH has heretofore made available to KT
true, correct and complete copies of all written, and true, complete and
correct written summaries of all oral, AH Real Property Leases (and all
modifications, amendments and supplements thereto and all side letters to
which AH or any of its Subsidiaries is a party affecting the obligations of
any party thereunder). Assuming the due authorization, execution and
delivery by the other parties thereto, each AH Real Property Lease
constitutes the valid and legally binding obligation of AH or the relevant
Subsidiary, enforceable in accordance with its terms, subject to
bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other laws now or
hereafter in effect relating to creditors' rights generally or to general
principles of equity, and is in full force and effect. All material
amounts payable by AH and its Subsidiaries as tenants under each AH Real
Property Lease are current, and no termination event or condition or
uncured default of a material nature on the part of AH or any of its
Subsidiaries exists under any AH Real Property Lease. To the knowledge of
AH, the leasehold interests of AH and its Subsidiaries in each parcel of
real property leased by them are held free and clear of all Encumbrances,
except (i) Taxes and general and special assessments not in default and
payable without penalty and interest, (ii) Encumbrances under applicable
Law and (iii) other Encumbrances which do not materially interfere with
AH's or any of its Subsidiaries' use and enjoyment of such real property or
materially detract from or diminish the value thereof.
Section 3.19 Investment Company Act. Each of AH and its
Subsidiaries either (i) is not an "investment company," or a company
"controlled" by, or an "affiliated company" with respect to, an "investment
company," each within the meaning of the Investment Company Act (as
hereinafter defined) or (ii) satisfies all conditions for an exemption from
the Investment Company Act, and, accordingly, neither AH nor any of its
Subsidiaries is required to be registered under the Investment Company Act.
Section 3.20 Brokers. Except as set forth in Section 3.20 of
the AH Disclosure Schedule, no broker, finder or investment banker is
entitled to any brokerage, finder's or other fee or commission in
connection with the Mergers or the other transactions contemplated by this
Agreement based upon arrangements made by or on behalf of AH or any of the
Members. Prior to the date of this Agreement, AH has made available to KT
a complete and correct copy of all agreements between AH or any of the
Members and any advisor under which such advisor would be entitled to any
payment relating to the Mergers or any other transactions hereunder.
Section 3.21 Certain Representations and Warranties as to
Private Funds.
(a) True, correct and complete copies of all of the current
investment advisory agreements and distribution or underwriting contracts,
administrative services and other services agreements, if any, and
organizational and offering documents, pertaining to each of the Private
Funds (i) have been made available to KT and (ii) are in full force and
effect. Such offering materials did not, at the respective dates thereof,
or at any time at which such materials were distributed or made available
to investors or prospective investors, contain any untrue statement of a
material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated
therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the
circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. Except for the
Private Funds, neither AH nor any of its Subsidiaries is affiliated with,
or otherwise provides investment advisory or other Investment Management
Services to, any person.
(b) Each of the Private Funds is duly organized, validly
existing and in good standing in the jurisdiction in which it is organized
and has all requisite power and authority to conduct its business in the
manner and in the places where such business is currently conducted. Each
Private Fund is and, since its inception, has been engaged solely in the
business of investing and reinvesting in securities and, in the case of the
Investment Funds, in the manner described in its offering documents. Each
Private Fund is and, since its inception, has been in compliance in all
material respects with all Investment Laws and Regulations (as defined
below) to the extent such laws and regulations are applicable to such
Private Fund.
(c) Each of the Private Funds has timely filed all Tax Returns
(the "Private Fund Tax Returns") required to be filed by it and all such
Private Fund Tax Returns are true, complete and correct. All Taxes owed by
the Private Funds or claimed to be owed by the Private Funds by any
Governmental Entity for any taxable period (whether or not shown on any
Private Fund Tax Return) have been timely paid in full or are being
contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings. With respect to each
Private Fund, there are no liabilities for Taxes which have not been paid
in prior periods or for which an adequate reserve for such liability does
not exist. To the knowledge of AH, no deficiencies for any Taxes have been
threatened, proposed, asserted or assessed against any of the Private Funds
and no Governmental Entity is conducting or proposing to conduct an audit
with respect to Taxes of or any Private Fund Tax Return required to be
filed with respect to any Private Fund.
(d) AH has made available to KT true, correct and complete
copies of the (i) unaudited financial statements of each of the Non-
Investment Funds (the "Non-Investment Fund Financial Statements") and (ii)
audited financial statements for each of the Investment Funds (the
"Investment Fund Financial Statements," and, together with the Non-
Investment Fund Financial Statements, the "Private Fund Financial
Statements"), in each case, for the current and the past three fiscal years
or such shorter period since inception. Each of the Investment Fund
Financial Statements (including all notes and schedules contained therein
or annexed thereto) has been prepared in accordance with GAAP consistently
applied with past practices, and each of the Non-Investment Fund Financial
Statements (including all notes and schedules contained therein or annexed
thereto) has been prepared on a basis consistent with the accounting
principles used in the preparation of the Investment Fund Financial
Statements. Each of the Private Fund Financial Statements (including all
notes and schedules contained therein or annexed thereto) is consistent
with the books and records of the applicable Private Fund, and fairly
presents the assets, liabilities and financial condition, the results of
operations and cash flows of the applicable Private Fund as of the dates
and for the years and periods indicated. The Private Fund Financial
Statements reflect and disclose all material changes in accounting
principles and practices adopted by the applicable Private Fund during the
periods covered by each Private Fund Financial Statement. The books of
account of each of the Private Funds fairly reflect their respective
transactions.
(e) There are no consent judgments or regulatory orders on, or
with regard to, any of the Private Funds. Since inception, each of the
Private Funds has been excluded from the definition of an investment
company under the Investment Company Act by virtue of the respective
exemptions thereto set forth in Section 3.21(e) of the AH Disclosure
Schedule and, except as could not reasonably be expected, individually or
in the aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Effect on AH, has been duly
registered and in good standing under the Laws of each jurisdiction in
which such qualification is necessary.
(f) All interests of each of the Private Funds were sold
pursuant to a valid and effective exemption from registration under
applicable Investment Laws and Regulations, including, without limitation,
the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act") and the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act") and have
been duly authorized and are validly issued. Each of the Private Funds'
investments have been made in accordance with its respective investment
policies and restrictions in effect at the time the investments were made
and have been held in accordance with its respective investment policies
and restrictions, to the extent applicable and in effect at the time such
investments were held.
(g) There is no litigation or legal action, suit, proceeding or
investigation at law or in equity pending or, to the knowledge of AH,
threatened in any court or before or by any Governmental Entity by or
against any arbitrator, by or against any of the Private Funds. There are
no judgments, injunctions, orders or other judicial or administrative
mandates outstanding against or affecting any of the Private Funds.
(h) For the purposes of this Agreement:
"Advisers Act" shall mean the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as
the same may be amended from time to time, and any successor to such act.
"Commodity Exchange Act" shall mean the Commodity Exchange Act, 7
U.S.C. section1 et. seq., as the same may be amended from time to time, and
any successor to such act.
"Investment Company Act" shall mean the Investment Company Act of
1940, as the same may be amended from time to time, and any successor to
such act.
"Investment Funds" shall mean Deephaven Market Neutral Fund
Limited and Deephaven Opportunity Fund Limited, each a British Virgin
Islands corporation; Deephaven Opportunity Fund LLC and Deephaven Incentive
Fund LLC, each a Delaware limited liability company; and Deephaven Market
Neutral Master Fund LP, a British Virgin Island limited partnership.
"Investment Laws and Regulations" shall mean all Laws, domestic
or foreign, applicable to the Investment Management Services business
including, without limitation: (i) the Advisers Act, the Investment Company
Act, the Exchange Act, ERISA, the Commodity Exchange Act and the Securities
Act and the regulations promulgated under each of them; (ii) the bylaws,
rules and regulations of applicable Self-Regulatory Authorities (as
hereinafter defined in Section 3.23) and each applicable securities and
commodities exchange on which AH or any of its affiliates is a member or on
which any transactions for any account is effected for any of them; and
(iii) all other foreign, federal or state securities laws and regulations
applicable to the Investment Management Services business, affairs,
properties or assets of AH and its Subsidiaries or any of the Private
Funds.
"Investment Management Services" shall mean any services which
involve (a) the management of an investment account or fund (or portions
thereof or a group of investment accounts or funds), or (b) the giving of
advice for compensation with respect to the investment and/or reinvestment
of assets or funds (or any group of assets or funds).
"Non-Investment Funds" means Private Funds which are not
Investment Funds.
"Private Funds" means Deephaven Market Neutral Fund Limited,
Deephaven Opportunity Fund Limited, Deephaven Market Neutral Trading
Limited, Deephaven Domestic Convertible Trading Ltd., Deephaven
International Convertible Trading Ltd., Deephaven Fixed Income Trading
Ltd., Deephaven Private Placement Trading Ltd., Deephaven Statistical Arb
Trading Ltd., and Deephaven Risk Arb Trading Ltd., each a British Virgin
Islands corporation; Deephaven Opportunity Fund LLC and Deephaven Incentive
Fund LLC, each a Delaware limited liability company; Deephaven Market
Neutral Master Fund LP and Deephaven Opportunity Trading Fund LP, each a
British Virgin Island limited partnership; KA Investments LDC, a Cayman
Islands limited duration corporation; and Deephaven Market Neutral Trading
LP, an Illinois limited partnership.
Section 3.22 Compliance with Law.
(a) AH and all of its Subsidiaries and the Private Funds have
complied with all Laws, and are not in default with respect to any order,
writ, judgment, award, injunction or decree of any Governmental Entity,
applicable to them or to their respective businesses or any of their
respective assets, properties or operations, except such failures to comply
or defaults as could not reasonably be expected, individually or in the
aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Effect on AH.
(b) Neither AH nor any of its Subsidiaries acts as investment
advisor for any registered investment company.
(c) Each of AH and its Subsidiaries and the Private Funds, if so
required by the nature of its business or assets, is duly registered with
the SEC and any applicable Governmental Entities and Self Regulatory
Authorities as a broker-dealer and/or an exchange member. Each of AH and
its Subsidiaries and the Private Funds have made available to KT true,
complete and correct copies of their respective Form BD and such other
regulatory filings as may be required by any Governmental Entity (the
"Regulatory Filings"). As of its respective filing date, each Regulatory
Filing complied as to form and substance in all material respects with the
applicable Law requiring such Regulatory Filing to be filed and each
Regulatory Filing complied in all material respects with applicable
regulatory requirements and accounting principles applicable to such
Regulatory Filing. Each such Regulatory Filing contained all material
information required to be included therein and did not omit any material
information so required in order that such Regulatory Filing be true,
complete and correct in all material respects.
(d) AH has made available to KT (i) copies of all Regulatory
Filings made since January 1, 1997, (ii) copies of all inspection reports
provided to AH or any of its Subsidiaries or any Private Fund by the SEC or
any state securities regulatory authority or any self regulatory
organization and all written responses thereto since January 1, 1997, (iii)
all correspondence, memoranda or other documentation received by AH or any
of its Subsidiaries or any Private Fund from the SEC or any state
securities regulatory authority or any self regulatory organization since
January 1, 1997, and (iv) copies of all correspondence relating to any
inquiry or investigation by any foreign Governmental Entity or self
regulatory authority or to any customer complaint provided to AH or any of
its Subsidiaries or any Private Fund since January 1, 1997.
(e) Except as set forth in Section 3.22(e) of the AH Disclosure
Schedule, neither AH nor any of its Subsidiaries or any Private Fund is
required by the nature of its business or assets to register (i) with the
Commodity Futures Trading Commission and the various states as required as
a commodities trading advisor or commodity pool operator or futures
commission merchant or (ii) with the SEC or any applicable Governmental
Entities or Self Regulatory Authorities as an investment advisor.
Section 3.23 Agreements with Regulatory Agencies. Neither AH
nor any of its Subsidiaries or any Private Fund is subject to any cease-
and-desist or other order issued by, or is a party to any written
agreement, consent agreement or memorandum of understanding with, or is a
party to any commitment letter or similar undertaking to, or is subject to
any order or directive by, or is a recipient of any supervisory letter from
or has adopted any resolutions at the request of any Self Regulatory
Authority (as defined below) or Governmental Entity that restricts the
conduct of its business or that in any manner relates to its capital
adequacy, its credit policies, its management or its business (each, a
"Regulatory Agreement"), nor has AH or any of its Subsidiaries or any
Private Fund: (i) been advised by any Self Regulatory Authority or
Governmental Entity that it is considering issuing or requesting any such
Regulatory Agreement, or (ii) to the knowledge of AH, received knowledge or
notice of any pending or threatened regulatory investigation, except any
such cease-and-desist or other orders, restrictions, Regulatory Agreements
or regulatory investigations as could not reasonably be expected,
individually or in the aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Effect on AH.
"Self Regulatory Authority" shall mean any securities exchange or other
self regulatory organization in the securities, investment and commodities
fields.
Section 3.24 Investment Securities. Except as set forth in
Section 3.24 of the AH Disclosure Schedule, each of AH and its Subsidiaries
and the Private Funds has good and marketable title to all securities held
by it (except securities sold under repurchase agreements or held in any
fiduciary or agency capacity), free and clear of any Encumbrance, except to
the extent such securities are pledged in the ordinary course of business
consistent with reasonable past business practices to secure obligations of
AH or its Subsidiaries or the Private Funds.
Section 3.25 Interest Rate Risk Management Instruments. All of
AH's and its Subsidiaries' and the Private Funds' interest rate swaps,
caps, floors and option agreements and other interest rate risk management
arrangements (other than bank repurchase agreements with a duration of
fewer than thirty (30) days), whether entered into for the account of AH or
any of its Subsidiaries or any of the Private Funds or for the account of a
customer of any such entity, were entered into in the usual and ordinary
course of business and in accordance, in all material respects, with
prudent business practice and applicable rules, regulations and policies of
any Self Regulatory Authority and, to the knowledge of AH, with
counterparties believed to be financially responsible at the time.
Section 3.26 Pooling.
(a) AH and the Members intend that the Mergers be accounted for
under the "pooling-of-interests" method under the requirements of Opinion
No. 16 (Business Combinations) of the Accounting Principles Board of the
American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, the Financial
Accounting Standards Board, and the rules and regulations of the SEC.
(b) None of AH, the Members or any of their affiliates has taken
or failed to take or agreed to take or fail to take any action or is aware
of any fact or circumstance that would prevent the Mergers from qualifying
for "pooling-of-interests" accounting treatment as described in Section
3.26(a) above.
ARTICLE IV
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES
OF KT
Except as set forth in the disclosure schedule delivered by KT
prior to the execution of this Agreement (the "KT Disclosure Schedule")
making reference to the particular section or subsection of this Agreement
to which an exception is being taken, KT hereby represents and warrants to
AH, as of the date hereof and as of the KT Closing Date, as follows:
Section 4.1 Organization, Qualification, Etc. Each of KT,
Parent, SubKT, SubAH and each Significant Subsidiary (as defined below) is
a corporation or limited liability company duly organized, validly existing
and in good standing (or other equivalent status) under the laws of the
jurisdiction of its incorporation or organization and has the corporate or
limited liability company power and authority to own, operate and lease all
of its properties and assets and to carry on its business as it is now
being conducted or presently proposed to be conducted and is duly qualified
to do business and is in good standing (or other equivalent status) in each
jurisdiction in which the ownership, operation or leasing of its properties
or assets or the conduct of its business requires such qualification,
except for jurisdictions in which the failure to be so qualified or in good
standing (or other equivalent status) could not reasonably be expected,
individually or in the aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Effect on KT
and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. As used in this Agreement, any
reference to any state of facts, event, change or effect having a "Material
Adverse Effect" on or with respect to KT, means such state of facts, event,
change or effect that, individually or in the aggregate, has had or could
reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the business,
assets, results of operations or condition (financial or otherwise) of KT
and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole (except for any state of facts,
event, change or effect (i) relating to general economic conditions in the
geographic areas in which KT and its Subsidiaries operate or invest or
(ii) similarly affecting other persons in the industries in which KT and
its Subsidiaries operate), or that could reasonably be expected to
materially impair the ability of KT to perform its obligations under this
Agreement or consummate the Mergers or the other transactions contemplated
hereby. For purposes of this Agreement, "Significant Subsidiary" shall
mean any Subsidiary of KT which is a "significant subsidiary" of KT (as
such term is defined in Rule 1-02 of Regulation S-X under the Securities
Act).
Section 4.2 Capital Stock.
(a) Section 4.2(a) of the KT Disclosure Schedule sets forth as
of November 12, 1999:
(i) the number of authorized shares of each class or series
of capital stock of KT;
(ii) the number of shares of each class or series of capital
stock of KT which are issued and outstanding;
(iii) the number of shares of each class or series of
capital stock which are held in the treasury of KT;
(iv) the number of shares of each class or series of capital
stock of KT which are reserved for issuance, indicating each specific
reservation; and
(v) the number of shares of each class or series of capital
stock of KT which are subject to employee stock options or other
rights to purchase or receive capital stock granted under KT's stock
option or other stock based employee or non-employee director benefit
plans.
(b) All of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of
KT have been validly issued and are fully paid and nonassessable. Except
as set forth in Section 4.2(a) of the KT Disclosure Schedule, there are no
authorized, issued, reserved for issuance or outstanding (i) shares of
capital stock or voting securities of KT, (ii) securities convertible into
or exchangeable for shares of capital stock or voting securities of KT,
(iii) warrants, calls, options or other rights to acquire from KT or any of
its Subsidiaries, or any obligation of KT or any of its Subsidiaries to
issue, any shares of capital stock or voting securities or securities
convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for capital stock or voting
securities of KT, and (iv) there are no outstanding obligations of KT to
repurchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any such securities or to issue,
deliver or sell, or cause to be issued, delivered or sold, any such
securities.
(c) All of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock
of, or other voting securities or ownership interests in, each Significant
Subsidiary have been validly issued and are fully paid and nonassessable
and are owned of record and beneficially by KT, directly or indirectly.
There are no (i) securities of KT or any Significant Subsidiary convertible
into or exchangeable or exercisable for shares of capital stock or other
voting securities or ownership interests in any Significant Subsidiary,
(ii) warrants, calls, options or other rights to acquire from KT or any
Significant Subsidiary, or any obligations of KT or any of Significant
Subsidiary to issue, any capital stock, voting securities or other
ownership interests in, or any securities convertible into or exchangeable
or exercisable for, any capital stock, voting securities or ownership
interests in, any Significant Subsidiary, or (iii) obligations of KT or any
Significant Subsidiary to repurchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any
outstanding securities of any Significant Subsidiary or to issue, deliver
or sell, or cause to be issued, delivered or sold, any such securities.
(d) All of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock
of, or other voting securities or ownership interests in, each of SubKT and
SubAH have been validly issued and are fully paid and nonassessable and are
owned of record and beneficially by Parent. All of the outstanding shares
of capital stock of Parent have been validly issued and are fully paid and
nonassessable and are owned of record and beneficially by KT. All shares
of Parent Common Stock to be issued as part of the Merger Consideration,
when issued in accordance with the terms hereof, will be validly issued,
fully paid and nonassessable.
Section 4.3 Corporate Authority Relative to this Agreement.
Each of KT and Parent has the corporate power and authority to enter into
this Agreement and to carry out its obligations hereunder. The execution,
delivery and performance of this Agreement and the consummation of the
transactions contemplated hereby have been duly and validly authorized by
the Board of Directors of KT and no other corporate proceedings on the part
of KT are necessary to authorize this Agreement or the consummation of the
transactions contemplated hereby. The execution, delivery and performance
of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated
hereby have been duly and validly authorized by the Board of Directors and
the sole stockholder of Parent and no other corporate proceedings on the
part of Parent are necessary to authorize this Agreement or the
consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby. This Agreement has
been duly and validly executed and delivered by KT and Parent and, assuming
this Agreement constitutes a valid and binding agreement of the other
parties hereto, this Agreement constitutes a valid and binding agreement of
KT and Parent, enforceable against KT and Parent in accordance with its
terms (except insofar as enforceability may be limited by applicable
bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or similar laws
affecting creditors' rights generally or by principles governing the
availability of equitable remedies).
Section 4.4 Non-Contravention; Consents and Approvals.
(a) None of the execution, delivery or performance of this
Agreement by KT or the consummation by KT of the transactions contemplated
hereby will (i) violate the certificate of incorporation, the bylaws or
other similar governing documents of KT or any of its Subsidiaries, (ii)
except for all third party consents and approvals required to be obtained
under any note, bond, mortgage, deed of trust, security interest,
indenture, lease, license, contract, agreement, plan or other instrument or
obligation to which KT or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or by which
any of them or any of their properties or assets may be bound (the "KT
Agreements") prior to the consummation of the transactions contemplated by
this Agreement the failure of which to obtain could reasonably be expected,
individually or in the aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Effect on KT
(the "KT Required Third Party Consents"), result in the violation or breach
of or constitute (with or without due notice or lapse of time or both) a
default (or give rise to any right of termination, cancellation, vesting,
payment, exercise, acceleration, suspension or revocation) under any of the
provisions of any KT Agreement, (iii) except for all notices to, filings
and registrations with, and permits, authorizations, consents and approvals
of, Governmental Entities required to be made or obtained from Governmental
Entities prior to the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this
Agreement the failure of which to obtain could reasonably be expected,
individually or in the aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Effect on KT
(the "KT Required Statutory Approvals"), violate any Law of any
Governmental Entity applicable to KT or any of its Subsidiaries or any of
their respective property or assets, or (iv) result in the creation or
imposition of any Encumbrance on any asset of KT or any of its
Subsidiaries, except in the case of clauses (ii), (iii) and (iv) for
violations, breaches, defaults, terminations, cancellations, accelerations
or creations which could not reasonably be expected, individually or in the
aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Effect on KT.
(b) Section 4.4(b)(i) of the KT Disclosure Schedule sets forth a
list of all KT Required Third Party Consents. Section 4.4(b)(ii) of the KT
Disclosure Schedule sets forth a list of all KT Required Statutory
Approvals.
(c) None of the execution, delivery or performance of this
Agreement by Parent or the consummation by Parent of the transactions
contemplated hereby will violate the certificate of incorporation or the
bylaws of Parent.
Section 4.5 Reports and Financial Statements. KT has made
available to AH complete and correct copies of:
(a) KT's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC for the
year ended December 31, 1998;
(b) KT's Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC for
each of the fiscal quarters ended following KT's last fiscal year end;
(c) each definitive proxy statement filed by KT with the SEC;
and
(d) all Current Reports on Form 8-K filed by KT with the SEC
since January 1, 1999.
As of their respective dates, such reports and proxy statements
(collectively, with any amendments, supplements and schedules thereto, the
"SEC Reports") (i) complied as to form in all material respects with the
applicable requirements of the Securities Act, the Exchange Act, and the
rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, and (ii) did not contain any
untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact
required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein,
in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.
Except to the extent that information contained in any SEC Report of KT has
been revised or superseded by an SEC Report subsequently filed by KT, none
of the SEC Reports contains any untrue statement of a material fact or
omits to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary
in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances
under which they were made, not misleading. The audited consolidated
financial statements and unaudited consolidated interim financial
statements included in the SEC Reports (including all notes and schedules
contained therein or annexed thereto) have been prepared in accordance with
GAAP consistently applied with past practices, are consistent with the
books and records of KT and its Subsidiaries, and fairly present in all
material respects the assets, liabilities and financial condition, the
results of operations and cash flows of KT as of the dates and for the
years and periods indicated. KT has timely filed all reports, registration
statements and other filings required to be filed by it with the SEC under
the rules and regulations of the SEC.
Section 4.6 No Prior Activities. Parent, SubKT and SubAH were
each formed for the purpose of engaging in the transactions contemplated by
this Agreement, and, to the knowledge of KT, none of them has any
Subsidiaries or has undertaken any business or other activities other than
in connection with entering into this Agreement and engaging in the
transactions contemplated hereby.
Section 4.7 Brokers. Except as set forth in Section 4.7 of the
KT Disclosure Schedule, no broker, finder or investment banker is entitled
to any brokerage, finder's or other fee or commission in connection with
the Mergers or the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement based
upon arrangements made by or on behalf of KT.
Section 4.8 Absence of Certain Changes or Events. Since
September 30, 1999 and through the date hereof, there has not occurred any
event, development or change which could reasonably be expected,
individually or in the aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Effect on KT.
Section 4.9 Pooling.
(a) KT intends that the Mergers be accounted for as a "pooling-
of-interests" as described in Section 3.26(a).
(b) Neither KT nor any of its affiliates has taken or failed to
take or agreed to take or fail to take any action or is aware of any fact
or circumstance that would prevent the Mergers from qualifying for
"pooling-of-interests" accounting treatment as described in Section
3.26(a).
ARTICLE V
COVENANTS AND AGREEMENTS
Section 5.1 Conduct of Business Pending the Effective Time.
(A) Except as set forth in Section 5.1(A) of the AH Disclosure
Schedule, from and after the date hereof and prior to the Effective Time or
the date, if any, on which this Agreement is earlier terminated pursuant to
Section 7.1 (the "Termination Date"), and except as may be agreed in
writing by KT or as may be expressly provided for or permitted pursuant to
this Agreement:
(a) AH shall, and shall cause each of its Subsidiaries and each
of the Private Funds to, conduct its business in the ordinary course of
business consistent with past practice;
(b) AH shall use its reasonable best efforts, and shall cause
each of its Subsidiaries to use its reasonable best efforts, to preserve
intact its business organizations and goodwill, keep available the services
of its current officers and other key employees and preserve its
relationships with those persons having business dealings with it
(including its relationships with customers, suppliers, employees and
business partners);
(c) AH shall confer at such times as KT may reasonably request
with one or more representatives of KT to report material operational
matters and the general status of ongoing operations (to the extent KT
reasonably requires such information);
(d) AH shall notify KT of any emergency or other change in the
normal course of its, its Subsidiaries' or any of the Private Funds'
respective businesses or in the operation of its, its Subsidiaries, or any
of the Private Funds' respective properties and of any complaints or
hearings (or communications indicating that the same may be contemplated)
of any Governmental Entity;
(e) AH shall not, and shall not permit any of its Subsidiaries
to, split, combine or reclassify any of its shares of capital stock or
other equity securities or interests;
(f) AH shall not, and shall not permit any of its Subsidiaries
to, except (i) in the ordinary course of business consistent with past
practice, (ii) as otherwise provided in this Agreement, or (iii) as
required by applicable Law, adopt or amend any Employee Benefit Plan;
(g) AH shall not, and shall not permit any of its Subsidiaries
or any of the Private Funds to, authorize, propose or announce an intention
to authorize or propose, or enter into an agreement with respect to, any
acquisition of a material amount of assets or securities, any disposition
of a material amount of assets or securities or any release or
relinquishment of any material contract rights, other than securities
acquired or disposed of in connection with trading activities or
investments in capital market securities, in each case, in the ordinary
course of business consistent with past practice;
(h) AH shall not, and shall not permit its Subsidiaries or any
of the Private Funds to, propose or adopt any amendments to their
respective certificates of incorporation, bylaws or other similar governing
documents;
(i) AH shall not, and shall not permit any of its Subsidiaries
to, issue or authorize the issuance of, or agree to issue or sell any
shares of their capital stock of any class or other equity securities or
interests (whether through the issuance or granting of options, warrants,
commitments, subscriptions, rights to purchase, or otherwise);
(j) AH shall not, and shall not permit any of its Subsidiaries
or any of the Private Funds to, purchase, or redeem any shares of its stock
or other equity securities or interests or any rights, warrants or options
to acquire any such shares, securities or interests, except for redemptions
of interests in any of the Private Funds in the ordinary course of business
and in accordance with the terms of their respective governing instruments
as in effect on the date hereof;
(k) AH shall not, and shall not permit any of its Subsidiaries
or any of the Private Funds to, incur, assume or prepay any indebtedness or
any other material liabilities;
(l) AH shall not, and shall not permit any of its Subsidiaries
or any of the Private Funds to, sell, lease, license, mortgage or otherwise
encumber or subject to any Encumbrance or otherwise dispose of any of its
properties or assets (including securitization), other than in the ordinary
course of business consistent with past practice;
(m) AH shall not, and shall not permit any of its Subsidiaries
or any of the Private Funds to, take any action or fail to take any action,
which action or failure could reasonably be expected to cause the Mergers
not to constitute transactions described in Section 351 or, in the case of
the KT Merger, Section 368(a) of the Code;
(n) AH shall not, and shall not permit any of its Subsidiaries
or any of the Private Funds to, make any material Tax election, file any
amended Tax Return or settle or compromise any material Tax liability;
(o) AH shall not, and shall not permit any of it Subsidiaries or
any of the Private Funds to, waive, release, assign, settle or compromise
any material claims or litigation;
(p) AH shall not, and shall not permit any of its Subsidiaries
or any of the Private Funds to, take any action or fail to take any action,
which action or failure could reasonably be expected to prevent accounting
for the Mergers in accordance with the "pooling-of-interests" method of
accounting as described in Section 3.26(a); and
(q) AH shall not, and shall not permit any of its Subsidiaries
or any of the Private Funds to, and the Members shall not, agree, in
writing or otherwise, to take any of the foregoing actions or take any
action which would (i) make any representation or warranty made by AH or
any of the Members in Article III hereof untrue or incorrect or (ii) result
in any of the conditions to the Mergers set forth in Article VI not being
satisfied.
(B) Except as set forth in Section 5.1(B) of the KT Disclosure
Schedule, from and after the date hereof and prior to the Effective Time or
the Termination Date, and except as may be agreed in writing by AH or as
may be expressly provided for or permitted pursuant to this Agreement:
(a) KT shall not, and shall not permit any of its Subsidiaries
to, take any action or fail to take any action, which action or failure
could reasonably be expected to cause the Mergers not to constitute
transactions described in Section 351 or, in the case of the KT Merger,
Section 368(a) of the Code;
(b) KT shall not, and shall not permit any of its Subsidiaries
to, take any action or fail to take any action, which action or failure
could reasonably be expected to prevent accounting for the Mergers in
accordance with the "pooling-of-interests" method of accounting as
described in Section 3.26(a);
(c) KT shall not, and shall not permit any of its Subsidiaries
to, make any sale, transfer or disposition of material assets, securities
or businesses (whether by merger, consolidation or otherwise) or enter into
an agreement to acquire material assets of, or enter into a material joint
venture with, another person, in each case, that would cause a material
delay in the completion of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement;
and
(d) KT shall not, and shall not permit any of its Subsidiaries
to, agree, in writing or otherwise, to take any of the foregoing actions or
take any action which would (i) make any representation or warranty made by
KT in Article IV hereof untrue or incorrect or (ii) result in any of the
conditions to the Mergers set forth in Article VI not being satisfied.
Section 5.2 Investigation. Each of AH and KT shall (and shall
cause its respective Subsidiaries to) afford to one another and to one
another's officers, employees, accountants, counsel and other authorized
representatives full and complete access on reasonable prior notice during
normal business hours, throughout the period prior to the earlier of the
Effective Time or the Termination Date, to its and its Subsidiaries'
properties, contracts, commitments, books, and records (including but not
limited to Tax Returns) and any report, schedule or other document filed or
received by it or any of its Subsidiaries pursuant to the requirements of
federal or state securities laws or filed with or sent to the SEC, the
Department of Justice, the Federal Trade Commission or any other
Governmental Entity and shall use their reasonable best efforts to cause
their respective representatives and Subsidiaries to furnish promptly to
one another such additional financial and operating data and other
information as to its and its Subsidiaries' respective businesses and
properties as the other or its duly authorized representatives may from
time to time reasonably request; provided, that nothing herein shall
require either AH or KT or any of their respective Subsidiaries to disclose
any information to the other that would cause significant competitive harm
to such disclosing party or its affiliates if the transactions contemplated
by this Agreement are not consummated. The parties hereby agree that each
of them will treat any such information in accordance with the
Confidentiality Agreement, dated as of September 14, 1999, between AH and
KT (the "Confidentiality Agreement"). Notwithstanding any provision of
this Agreement to the contrary, no party shall be obligated to make any
disclosure in violation of applicable Laws.
Section 5.3 NASDAQ Filings and Other Cooperation.
(a) As promptly as reasonably practicable following the date of
this Agreement, KT shall prepare and file with the NMS application for
approval for quotation on the NMS of the shares of Parent Common Stock
issuable in the Mergers or upon exercise of KT stock options, warrants,
conversion rights or other rights or vesting or payment of other KT equity-
based awards, and use its reasonable best efforts to obtain, prior to the
KT Effective Time, approval for such quotation of such Parent Common Stock,
subject only to official notice of issuance.
(b) AH and its Subsidiaries shall promptly provide to KT and
Parent any information and materials (including audited and unaudited
financial statements) reasonably requested by KT or Parent.
(c) KT and AH shall cooperate with one another in order to lift
any injunctions or remove any other impediment to the consummation of the
transactions contemplated herein.
(d) Subject to the limitations contained in Section 5.2, AH and
KT shall each furnish to one another and to one another's counsel all such
information as may be required in order to effect the foregoing actions and
each represents and warrants to the other that no information furnished by
it in connection with such actions or otherwise in connection with the
consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement will
contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material
fact required to be stated in order to make any information so furnished,
in light of the circumstances under which it is so furnished, not
misleading.
(e) KT shall cause Parent, SubKT and SubAH to adopt this
Agreement and take all additional actions as may be necessary to cause
Parent, SubKT and SubAH to effect the transactions contemplated hereby.
Section 5.4 Affiliate Agreements. AH shall, as soon as
reasonably practicable, deliver to KT a list (reasonably satisfactory to
counsel for KT), setting forth the names and addresses of all persons who
as of the date hereof, to the knowledge of AH, may be deemed "affiliates"
(as hereinafter defined) of AH for purposes of Rule 145 under the
Securities Act or under applicable SEC accounting releases with respect to
pooling-of-interests accounting treatment. AH shall furnish such
information and documents as KT may reasonably request for the purpose of
reviewing such list. AH and the Members shall deliver to Parent a written
agreement on or prior to the twentieth day after the date of this
Agreement, in substantially the form of Exhibit D hereto (the "Affiliate
Letters"), executed by each person who is identified as an "affiliate" (as
hereinafter defined) in the list furnished pursuant to this Section 5.4 (an
"AH Affiliate").
Section 5.5 AH Employee Benefit Plans.
(a) Parent and its Subsidiaries and affiliates agree to honor in
accordance with their terms the Employee Benefit Plans or to provide
substantially similar rights and benefits under comparable plans of Parent
or any of its Subsidiaries.
(b) Parent shall take, and shall cause the Surviving LLC and its
Subsidiaries and all other affiliates of Parent to use their reasonable
best efforts to take, the following actions: (i) waive any limitations
regarding pre-existing conditions and eligibility waiting periods under any
welfare or other employee benefit plan maintained by any of them for the
benefit of employees of AH or any of its Subsidiaries immediately prior to
the Effective Time (the "AH Employees") or in which AH Employees
participate after the Effective Time except to the extent any such
limitations or waiting periods in effect under comparable Employee Benefit
Plans have not been satisfied as of the Effective Time, (ii) provide each
AH Employee with credit for any co-payments and deductibles paid prior to
the Effective Time for the calendar year in which the Effective Time
occurs, in satisfying any applicable deductible or out-of-pocket
requirements under any welfare plans that such employees are eligible to
participate in after the Effective Time, and (iii) for all purposes (other
than for purposes of benefit accruals under any defined benefit pension
plan) under all compensation and benefit plans and policies applicable to
AH Employees, treat all service by AH Employees with AH or any of its
Subsidiaries or affiliates before the Effective Time as service with Parent
and its Subsidiaries and affiliates.
(c) From and after the Effective Time, Parent agrees that the AH
Employees will be eligible to participate in employee incentive or benefit
plans, programs or arrangements of Parent, including stock option plans, on
the same terms as other employees of Parent and its Subsidiaries.
Section 5.6 KT Employee Stock Options, Incentive and Benefit
Plans.
(a) Simultaneously with the KT Merger, (i) each outstanding
option ("KT Stock Options") to purchase or acquire a share of KT Class A
Common Stock under employee incentive or benefit plans, programs or
arrangements and non-employee director plans presently maintained by KT
("KT Option Plans") shall be converted into an option to purchase the
number of shares of Parent Common Stock equal to the number of shares of KT
Class A Common Stock which could have been obtained prior to the KT
Effective Time upon the exercise of each such option, at an exercise price
per share equal to the exercise price for each such share of KT Class A
Common Stock subject to an option under the KT Option Plans, and all
references in each such option to KT shall be deemed to refer to Parent,
where appropriate, and (ii) Parent shall assume the obligations of KT under
the KT Option Plans. The other terms of each such KT Stock Option, and the
plans under which they were issued, shall continue to apply in accordance
with their terms, including any provisions providing for acceleration of
vesting or payment.
(b) Simultaneously with the KT Merger, each outstanding award
including restricted stock and phantom stock or common stock equivalents
("KT Award") under any employee incentive or benefit plans, programs or
arrangements and non-employee director plans presently maintained by KT
which provide for grants of equity-based awards shall be amended or
converted into a similar instrument of Parent, in each case with such
adjustments to the terms of such KT Awards as are appropriate to preserve
the value inherent in such KT Awards with no detrimental effects on the
holders thereof. The other terms of each KT Award, and the plans or
agreements under which they were issued, shall continue to apply in
accordance with their terms, including any provisions providing for
acceleration of vesting or payment. With respect to any restricted stock
awards as to which the restrictions shall have lapsed on or prior to the KT
Effective Time in accordance with the terms of the applicable plans or
award agreements, shares of such previously restricted stock shall be
converted in accordance with the provisions of Section 2.1(b).
(c) KT agrees that each of its employee incentive or benefit
plans, programs and arrangements and non-employee director plans shall be
amended, to the extent necessary and appropriate, to reflect the
transactions contemplated by this Agreement, including, but not limited to
the conversion of shares of KT Class A Common Stock held or to be awarded
or paid pursuant to such benefit plans, programs or arrangements into
shares of Parent Common Stock on a basis consistent with the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement. At or prior to the KT Effective Time,
Parent shall take all corporate action necessary to reserve for issuance a
sufficient number of shares of Parent Common Stock for delivery upon
exercise of the KT Stock Options. As soon as practicable after the KT
Effective Time, Parent shall either (i) file one or more registration
statements on Form S-1, Form S-3 or Form S-8, as the case may be (or any
successor or other appropriate forms), or (ii) take such action as is
required under Rule 414 under the Securities Act (or any successor
provision) to permit Parent to succeed to the existing registration
statement on Form S-8 of KT, in each case, with respect to the Parent
Common Stock subject to such KT Stock Options, and shall maintain the
effectiveness of such registration statements and the current status of the
prospectus or prospectuses contained therein, for so long as such KT Stock
Options remain outstanding.
Section 5.7 Filings; Other Action. Subject to the terms and
conditions herein provided, AH and KT shall (a) promptly make all filings
necessary in connection with the Required Statutory Approvals and the KT
Required Statutory Approvals (including, without limitation, filing the
notifications provided for under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust
Improvements Act of 1976, as amended (the "HSR Act")), (b) use reasonable
efforts to cooperate with one another in (i) determining whether any
filings are required to be made with, or consents, permits, authorizations
or approvals are required to be obtained from, any third party or other
governmental or regulatory bodies or authorities of federal, state, local
and foreign jurisdictions in connection with the execution and delivery of
this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby
and thereby and (ii) timely making all such filings and timely seeking all
such consents, permits, authorizations or approvals, including the Required
Third Party Consents and the KT Required Third Party Consents, and (c) use
reasonable best efforts to take, or cause to be taken, all other actions
and do, or cause to be done, all other things necessary, proper or
advisable to consummate and make effective the transactions contemplated
hereby. Without limiting the foregoing, each of the parties shall take all
necessary action to cause the expiration of the notice periods under the
HSR Act with respect to the Mergers as promptly as reasonably practicable
after the date of this Agreement.
Section 5.8 Further Assurances. Subject to the terms and
conditions provided in this Agreement and to applicable legal requirements,
each of the parties hereto agrees to use its best efforts, in the case of
KT consistent with the fiduciary duties of KT's Board of Directors, to
take, or cause to be taken, all action, and to do, or cause to be done, and
to assist and cooperate with the other parties hereto in doing, as promptly
as practicable, all things necessary, proper or advisable under applicable
Laws to ensure that the conditions set forth in Article VI are satisfied
and to consummate and make effective the transactions contemplated by this
Agreement. In case at any time after the Effective Time any further action
is necessary or desirable to carry out the purposes of this Agreement, the
proper officers and directors of each of the parties to this Agreement
shall take all such necessary action.
Section 5.9 Notification of Certain Matters. AH and the
Members, on the one hand, and KT, on the other hand, shall promptly notify
each other of (a) the occurrence or non-occurrence of any fact or event
which could reasonably be expected (i) to cause any representation or
warranty contained in this Agreement to be untrue or inaccurate in any
material respect at any time from the date hereof to the Effective Time,
(ii) to cause any material covenant, condition or agreement hereunder not
to be complied with or satisfied in all material respects or (iii) to
result in, in the case of AH, a Material Adverse Effect on AH, and, in the
case of KT, a Material Adverse Effect on KT, (b) any failure of AH or KT,
as the case may be, to comply with or satisfy any covenant, condition or
agreement to be complied with or satisfied by it hereunder in any material
respect; provided, however, that no such notification shall affect the
representations or warranties of any party or the conditions to the
obligations of any party hereunder, (c) any notice or other material
communications from any Governmental Entity in connection with the
transactions contemplated by this Agreement, and (d) the commencement of
any suit, action or proceeding that seeks to prevent or seek damages in
respect of, or otherwise relates to, the consummation of the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement.
Section 5.10 No Solicitation by AH.
(a) AH shall not, nor shall it authorize or permit any of its
Subsidiaries to, authorize or permit any of its directors, officers,
employees or affiliates or any investment banker, financial advisor,
attorney, accountant or other representative retained by it or any of its
Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly through another person, (i)
solicit, initiate or encourage (including by way of furnishing
information), or take any other action designed to facilitate or encourage,
any inquiries or the making of any proposal which constitutes any Takeover
Proposal (as defined below) (or could be expected to lead to a Takeover
Proposal) or (ii) participate in any discussions or negotiations regarding
any Takeover Proposal. For purposes of this Agreement, "Takeover Proposal"
means any inquiry, proposal or offer (or any improvement, restatement,
amendment, renewal or reiteration thereof) from any person relating to any
direct or indirect acquisition or purchase of a business, material assets
or any equity securities or interests of AH or any of its Subsidiaries, any
tender offer or exchange offer that if consummated would result in any
person beneficially owning any equity securities or interests of AH or any
of its Subsidiaries, any merger, consolidation, business combination,
recapitalization, liquidation, dissolution or similar transaction involving
AH or any of its Subsidiaries, or any other transaction the consummation of
which could reasonably be expected to impede, interfere with, prevent or
delay the transactions contemplated hereby or which could reasonably be
expected to dilute the benefits to Parent and KT of the transactions
contemplated hereby, in each case other than the transactions contemplated
by this Agreement.
(b) In addition to the obligations of AH set forth in paragraph
(a) of this Section 5.10, AH shall immediately advise KT orally and in
writing of any request for information or of any Takeover Proposal, the
material terms and conditions of such request or Takeover Proposal and the
identity of the person making such request or Takeover Proposal. AH will
promptly keep Parent and KT informed of the status and details (including
amendments or proposed amendments) of any such request or Takeover
Proposal.
(c) Immediately after the execution and delivery of this
Agreement, AH will, and will cause its Subsidiaries and affiliates, and
their respective directors, officers, employees, investment bankers,
financial advisors, attorneys, accountants and other representatives to,
cease and terminate any existing activities, discussions or negotiations
with any parties conducted heretofore with respect to any possible Takeover
Proposal. AH agrees that it will take the necessary steps to promptly
inform the individuals or entities referred to in the first sentence of
Section 5.10(a) of the obligations undertaken in this Section 5.10.
(d) The Members of AH have resolved by unanimous written consent
to adopt and approve this Agreement and the Mergers.
Section 5.11 Public Announcement. From and after the date of
this Agreement until the Effective Time or the Termination Date, AH and KT
will, to the extent practicable, consult with and provide each other the
reasonable opportunity to review and comment upon any press release
relating to AH and the transactions contemplated by this Agreement prior to
the issuance of such press release and shall not issue such press release
prior to such consultation except as may be required by Law or by
obligations pursuant to any agreement with any national securities exchange
or quotation system.
Section 5.12 Indemnification and Insurance.
(a) Parent agrees that all rights to exculpation and
indemnification for acts or omissions occurring prior to the AH Effective
Time now existing in favor of the current or former members or officers of
AH (the "AH Indemnified Parties") as provided in its organizational
documents or in any agreement shall survive the AH Merger and shall
continue in full force and effect in accordance with their terms. For six
years from the Effective Time, Parent shall indemnify the AH Indemnified
Parties to the same extent as such AH Indemnified Parties are entitled to
indemnification pursuant to the preceding sentence.
(b) For three years from the Effective Time, Parent shall
maintain in effect AH's current members' and officers' liability insurance
policy (the "AH Policy") covering those persons who are currently covered
by the AH Policy (a copy of which has been heretofore delivered to Parent
and KT); provided, however, that in no event shall Parent be required to
expend in any one year an amount in excess of 150% of the annual premiums
currently paid by AH for such insurance, and, provided, further, that if
the annual premiums of such insurance coverage exceed such amount, Parent
shall be obligated to obtain a policy with the greatest coverage available
for a cost not exceeding such amount; and provided, further, that Parent
may meet its obligations under this paragraph by covering the above people
under Parent's or one of its Significant Subsidiaries' insurance policy or
policies on the terms described above.
(c) Parent agrees that all rights to exculpation and
indemnification for acts or omissions occurring prior to the KT Effective
Time now existing in favor of the current or former directors or officers
of KT (the "KT Indemnified Parties") as provided in its charter or bylaws
or in any agreement shall survive the KT Merger and shall continue in full
force and effect in accordance with their terms. For six years from the KT
Effective Time, Parent shall indemnify the KT Indemnified Parties to the
same extent as such KT Indemnified Parties are entitled to indemnification
pursuant to the preceding sentence.
(d) For three years from the KT Effective Time, Parent shall
maintain in effect KT's current directors' and officers' liability
insurance policy (the "KT Policy"), covering those persons who are covered
by the KT Policy (a copy of which has been heretofore delivered to Parent
and AH); provided, however, that in no event shall Parent be required to
expend in any one year an amount in excess of 150% of the annual premiums
to be paid by KT for such insurance, and, provided, further, that if the
annual premiums of such insurance coverage exceed such amount, Parent shall
be obligated to obtain a policy with the greatest coverage available for a
cost not exceeding such amount; and provided, further, that Parent may meet
its obligations under this paragraph by covering the above people under
Parent's or one of its Significant Subsidiaries' insurance policy or
policies on the terms described above.
Section 5.13 Section 16(b). KT and Parent shall take all steps
reasonably necessary to cause the transactions contemplated hereby and any
other dispositions of equity securities of KT (including derivative
securities) or acquisitions of Parent equity securities (including
derivative securities) in connection with this Agreement by each individual
who (a) is a director or officer of KT or (b) at the KT Effective Time,
will become a director or officer of Parent, to be exempt under Rule 16b-3
promulgated under the Exchange Act.
Section 5.14 Members' Non-Compete.
(a) Each of the Members acknowledges that the covenants in this
Section 5.14 are an essential element of the Mergers and a fundamental
inducement to Parent to enter into this Agreement. Moreover, each of the
Members acknowledges that the business of AH or KT is or can be conducted
in any location throughout the United States, Europe or anywhere else in
the world.
(b) Without the express prior written consent of Parent, none of
the Members shall, at any time during the five-year period immediately
following the AH Closing Date, directly or indirectly, engage in, or
otherwise directly or indirectly be employed by or act as a consultant or
lender to, or be a director, officer, principal, agent, stockholder,
member, owner or partner of, or permit his name to be used in connection
with the activities of, or be related to or otherwise affiliated in any
manner with, any other business or organization anywhere in the world which
competes, directly or indirectly, with the business of AH or KT; provided,
that the foregoing shall not prohibit (i) the Members from, individually or
collectively, owning as a passive investment 5% or less of the equity of
any publicly-traded entity or (ii) each Member from providing investment
consulting services to such Member and the members of his family (and
employing up to five individuals in trading activities related thereto), in
the case of clause (ii), to the extent that such provision or employment
does not violate or interfere with any obligations of such Member to Parent
or any of its Subsidiaries.
(c) If it is ever held that the restriction placed on any Member
by this Section 5.14 is too onerous and is not necessary for the protection
of the other party or parties hereto, each party to this Agreement agrees
that any court of competent jurisdiction may impose lesser restrictions
which such court may consider to be necessary or appropriate to properly
protect the other party of parties hereto.
Section 5.15 Non-Solicitation of Employees.
(a) Each of the Members acknowledges that the covenants in this
Section 5.15 are an essential element of the Mergers and a fundamental
inducement to Parent to enter into this Agreement.
(b) From and after the date hereof, none of the Members shall,
without the express prior written consent of Parent, for a period of five
(5) years from the AH Closing Date, directly or indirectly solicit,
encourage, entice or induce any person who is an employee or consultant of
AH or any of its Subsidiaries at or subsequent to the date hereof, to
terminate his or her employment or consultancy with Parent or any of its
Subsidiaries or directly or indirectly hire or employ any person who is an
employee or consultant of AH or any of the Subsidiaries at the date hereof
or who become an employee or consultant of AH or any of the Subsidiaries
after the date hereof; provided, that the foregoing shall not in any manner
restrict managerial determinations regarding employment matters by Members
who are then employees of Parent or any of its Subsidiaries.
(c) If it is ever held that the restriction placed on any Member
by this Section 5.15 is too onerous and is not necessary for the protection
of the other party or parties hereto, each party to this Agreement agrees
that any court of competent jurisdiction may impose lesser restrictions
which such court may consider to be necessary or appropriate to properly
protect the other party or parties hereto.
Section 5.16 Pooling Letters. Each of AH and KT will use its
reasonable best efforts to cause its respective independent public
accountants to deliver a customary "pooling-of-interests" letter, dated as
of the AH Closing Date.
Section 5.17 Resale Registration. Upon written request by the
Members, Parent shall use its reasonable best efforts to cause to become
effective, as soon as reasonably practicable after receipt of such request
(but in no event prior to the expiration of the Pooling Period (as defined
in the Affiliate Letter)), one shelf registration statement on Form S-3 for
the purpose of permitting resale (in accordance with the methods of
distribution reasonably requested by the Members) of up to 2,500,000 shares
of Parent Common Stock received pursuant hereto by the Members (to be
allocated pro rata among the Members or pursuant to such other allocation
agreed upon by the Members). The effectiveness of the Registration
Statement shall be maintained for so long as is necessary after the
Effective Time in order to permit such resales by the relevant Members, but
in no event beyond the first anniversary of the AH Effective Time. The
obligations of Parent to cause or maintain the effectiveness of such
registration statement and the ability of the relevant Members to execute
any transaction pursuant to such registration statement shall be subject to
reasonable delay if the Board of Directors and/or President of Parent
reasonably and in good faith determines that such effectiveness would (i)
require the disclosure of material information that the Company has a bona
fide business purpose for preserving as confidential or (ii) materially
interfere in a pending material transaction involving Parent and/or its
Subsidiaries.
ARTICLE VI
CONDITIONS TO THE MERGERS
Section 6.1 Conditions to Each Party's Obligation to Effect the
Mergers. The respective obligations of each party to effect the Mergers
shall be subject to the fulfillment at or prior to the KT Effective Time
and the AH Effective Time, as applicable, of the following conditions:
(a) No statute, rule, regulation, executive order, decree,
ruling or injunction shall have been enacted, entered, promulgated or
enforced by any United States federal or state court or governmental body
which prohibits the consummation of the Mergers and which remains in
effect.
(b) The shares of Parent Common Stock issuable in the Mergers
shall have been approved for quotation on the NMS, subject only to official
notice of issuance.
(c) (i) Any applicable waiting period under the HSR Act shall
have expired or been terminated and (ii) any other Required Statutory
Approval and KT Required Statutory Approval shall have been granted or
obtained.
Section 6.2 Conditions to Obligations of AH to Effect the AH
Merger. The obligation of AH to effect the AH Merger is further subject to
the conditions that:
(a) The representations and warranties of KT set forth herein
shall be true and correct both when made and at and as of the KT Effective
Time and, in the case of Sections 4.5 and 4.8, at and as of the AH
Effective Time, as if made at and as of such times (except to the extent
expressly made as of an earlier date, in which case as of such date).
(b) KT shall have performed in all material respects all
obligations and complied in all material respects with all covenants
required by this Agreement to be performed or complied with by it prior to
the AH Effective Time.
(c) KT shall have delivered to AH a certificate, dated the AH
Effective Time and signed by its President and Chief Executive Officer,
certifying to the effects of Section 6.2(a) and Section 6.2(b).
(d) All third party consents or approvals required to be
obtained under any KT Agreement, the failure of which to obtain prior to
the AH Effective Time could reasonably be expected, individually or in the
aggregate, to materially impair the ability of KT to perform its
obligations under this Agreement or consummate the Mergers or the other
transactions contemplated hereby, shall have been obtained.
Section 6.3 Conditions to Obligations of KT to Effect the KT
Merger and of Parent to Effect the AH Merger. The obligations of KT to
effect the KT Merger (other than those conditions that by their nature are
to be satisfied at the AH Closing, but which are reasonably expected by the
parties to be so satisfied) and of Parent to effect the AH Merger are
further subject to the conditions that:
(a) The representations and warranties of each of AH and the
Members set forth herein shall be true and correct both when made and at
and as of the AH Effective Time, as if made at and as of such times (except
to the extent expressly made as of an earlier date, in which case as of
such date).
(b) Each of AH and the Members shall have performed in all
material respects all obligations and complied in all material respects
with all covenants required by this Agreement to be performed or complied
with by it prior to the AH Effective Time.
(c) The total Net Assets reflected on the unaudited consolidated
statement of financial condition of AH as of the AH Closing Date shall be
at least $38.0 million.
(d) AH and the Members shall have delivered to KT a certificate,
dated the AH Effective Time and signed by AH's Chief Executive Officer and
each of the Members, certifying to the effects of Section 6.3(a), (b) and
(c) above.
(e) All Required Third Party Consents shall have been obtained.
(f) Parent and KT shall have received a letter, dated the AH
Closing Date, from PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP and addressed to Parent and
KT, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to KT, that the Mergers
can properly be accounted for as a "pooling-of-interests" transaction.
(g) Each Member shall have delivered to Parent and KT a
certificate as contemplated under and meeting the requirements of Section
1.1445-2(b)(2)(i) of the Treasury regulations, to the effect that such
Member is not a "foreign person" within the meaning of the Code and
applicable Treasury regulations.
(h) Parent and the Members shall have entered into the Escrow
Indemnity Agreement to secure certain indemnification obligations of the
Members pursuant to Article VIII hereof and, contemporaneously with the AH
Closing, the Members shall have deposited the Escrow Shares with the Escrow
Agent as required by Section 2.3(g) hereof.
(i) Each of the AH Affiliates shall have delivered an Affiliate
Letter to Parent.
(j) The New Employment Agreements entered into between AH and
each of the Members on the date hereof shall be in full force and effect on
the AH Closing Date and none of the Members shall have refused to perform
services under such New Employment Agreements in violation of such
agreements or be in material breach of such New Employment Agreements, and
none of Messrs. Irvin Kessler, Efraim Gildor and Peter Hajas shall have
died or become permanently incapacitated.
(k) AH shall have delivered to Parent: (i) if the AH Effective
Time is on or prior to January 31, 2000, audited consolidated statements of
financial condition, income and cash flows of AH at and for the nine months
ended September 30, 1999, or (ii) if the AH Effective Time is after January
31, 2000, audited consolidated statements of financial condition, income
and cash flows of AH at and for the 12 months ended December 31, 1999.
ARTICLE VII
TERMINATION, WAIVER AND AMENDMENT
Section 7.1 Termination or Abandonment. This Agreement may be
terminated at any time prior to the AH Effective Time:
(a) by the mutual written consent of AH and KT;
(b) by either KT or AH if the AH Effective Time shall not have
occurred on or before September 30, 2000; provided, that the party seeking
to terminate this Agreement pursuant to this Section 7.1(b) shall not have
breached in any material respect its obligations under this Agreement in
any manner that shall have proximately contributed to the failure to
consummate the Mergers on or before such date;
(c) by either KT or AH if (i) a statute, rule, regulation or
executive order shall have been enacted, entered or promulgated by a United
States federal or state governmental body prohibiting the consummation of
the Mergers substantially on the terms contemplated hereby or (ii) an
order, decree, ruling or injunction shall have been entered by a United
States federal or state court permanently restraining, enjoining or
otherwise prohibiting the consummation of the Mergers substantially on the
terms contemplated hereby and such order, decree, ruling or injunction
shall have become final and non-appealable;
(d) by KT, if AH shall breach Section 5.10;
(e) by AH, if there shall have been a material breach by KT of
any of its representations, warranties, covenants or agreements contained
in this Agreement such that the conditions set forth in Section 6.2(a) or
6.2(b) would not be satisfied, and such breach (if curable) shall not have
been cured within 30 days after notice thereof shall have been received by
KT; or
(f) by KT, if there shall have been a material breach by AH or
any of the Members of their respective representations, warranties,
covenants or agreements contained in this Agreement such that the
conditions set forth in Section 6.3(a) or 6.3(b) would not be satisfied,
and such breach (if curable) shall not have been cured within 30 days after
notice thereof shall have been received by AH.
Section 7.2 Effect of Termination. In the event of termination
of this Agreement pursuant to Section 7.1, this Agreement shall terminate
(except for the provisions of the penultimate sentence of Section 5.2 and
Sections 7.3 and 9.1), and there shall be no other liability on the part of
KT, on the one hand, and AH and the Members, on the other hand, to the
other except liability arising out of a wilful and material breach of this
Agreement or as provided for in the Confidentiality Agreement.
Section 7.3 Termination Fee.
(a) In the event that (i) this Agreement is terminated by KT
pursuant to Section 7.1(d), or (ii) this Agreement is terminated by KT
pursuant to Section 7.1(f) as a result of any wilful and material breach by
AH or any of its Subsidiaries or any Member of any representation,
warranty, covenant or agreement set forth in this Agreement, then AH and
the Members, jointly and severally, shall be obligated to promptly pay to
KT a fee equal to $10.0 million; provided, that if within twelve (12)
months after the date this Agreement is terminated under circumstances
described in clause (i) or (ii) above, AH, any of its Subsidiaries, any of
the Members or any of their respective affiliates enters into any letter of
intent, agreement in principle, acquisition agreement or other agreement
related to any Takeover Proposal or a Takeover Proposal is consummated with
any third party, then AH and the Members, jointly and severally, shall be
obligated to pay to KT an additional fee equal to $40.0 million (either
such fee, the "Termination Fee"), in each case payable by wire transfer of
same day funds. AH and the Members expressly acknowledge that the
agreements contained in this Section 7.3(a) are an integral part of the
transactions contemplated by this Agreement, and that, without these
agreements, KT would not enter into this Agreement; accordingly, if AH and
the Members fail promptly to pay the Termination Fee, and, in order to
obtain such payment, KT commences a suit which results in a judgment
against AH and/or the Members for the Termination Fee, AH and the Members
expressly shall be obligated, jointly and severally, to pay to KT its costs
and expenses (including attorneys' fees and expenses) in connection with
such suit, together with interest on the amount of the Termination Fee at
the prime rate of Citibank N.A. in effect on the date such payment was
required to be made.
(b) In the event that this Agreement is terminated by AH
pursuant to Section 7.1(e) as a result of any wilful and material breach by
KT or any of its Subsidiaries of any representation, warranty, covenant or
agreement set forth in this Agreement, then KT shall be obligated to
promptly pay to AH a fee equal to $10.0 million (the "KT Termination Fee"),
payable by wire transfer of same day funds. KT expressly acknowledges that
the agreements contained in this Section 7.3(b) are an integral part of the
transactions contemplated by this Agreement, and that, without these
agreements, AH would not enter into this Agreement; accordingly, if KT
fails promptly to pay the KT Termination Fee, and, in order to obtain such
payment, AH commences a suit which results in a judgment against KT for the
KT Termination Fee, KT expressly shall be obligated to pay to AH its costs
and expenses (including attorneys' fees and expenses) in connection with
such suit, together with interest on the amount of the KT Termination Fee
at the prime rate of Citibank N.A. in effect on the date such payment was
required to be made.
(c) The payment of any fee pursuant to this Section 7.3 shall be
made to an account designated in writing by the party entitled to receive
such fee.
Section 7.4 Amendment or Supplement. At any time prior to the
Effective Time, this Agreement may be amended or supplemented in writing by
the parties with respect to any of the terms contained in this Agreement.
Section 7.5 Extension of Time, Waiver, Etc. At any time prior
to the Effective Time, any party may:
(a) extend the time for the performance of any of the
obligations or acts of any other party;
(b) waive any inaccuracies in the representations and warranties
of any other party contained herein or in any document delivered pursuant
hereto; or
(c) subject to the proviso of Section 7.4, waive compliance with
any of the agreements or conditions of the other party contained herein.
Notwithstanding the foregoing no failure or delay by any party in
exercising any right hereunder shall operate as a waiver thereof nor shall
any single or partial exercise thereof preclude any other or further
exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right hereunder. Any
agreement on the part of a party hereto to any such extension or waiver
shall be valid only if set forth in an instrument in writing signed on
behalf of such party.
ARTICLE VIII
INDEMNIFICATION
Section 8.1 Indemnification by the Members. Subject to Section
8.3 below and the terms of the Escrow Indemnity Agreement, each of the
Members shall jointly and severally indemnify Parent and its Subsidiaries
and their respective successors and permitted assigns and their respective
officers, directors, employees, agents and affiliates (other than the
Members and their affiliates) (collectively, the "Parent Indemnified
Parties") from and against and shall reimburse the same for and in respect
of any and all losses, reasonable costs, fines, liabilities, claims,
penalties, damages and reasonable expenses (including all legal fees and
expenses) of any nature or kind (collectively "Losses") which may be
claimed or assessed against any of them or to which any of them may be
subject, in connection with any and all claims, suits or asserted Losses
which are related to the inaccuracy or incompleteness of any representation
or warranty made by AH or any of the Members that is contained in or made
pursuant to Article III of this Agreement, any breach of any agreement or
covenant of AH or any of the Members contained in this Agreement, or any
claim of any former member of AH arising out of this Agreement and any
agreements executed in connection herewith and the transactions
contemplated hereby and thereby. Notwithstanding the preceding sentence,
the Members shall not be obligated under this Article VIII to indemnify the
Parent Indemnified Parties in respect of trading losses resulting from the
ordinary course of business trading activities.
Section 8.2 Indemnification Procedures.
(a) Notice. A party entitled to indemnification under this
Article VIII (an "Indemnified Party") agrees to give each party obligated
to provide indemnification pursuant to this Article VIII (an "Indemnifying
Party") prompt written notice (the "Claim Notice") of any claim, assertion,
event, condition or proceeding by or in respect of any third party (each, a
"Third Party Claim") of which it has knowledge concerning any liability or
damage as to which it may request indemnification hereunder. The Claim
Notice shall describe in reasonable detail the nature of the claim,
including an estimate, if practicable, of the amount of Losses that have
been or may be suffered or incurred by the Indemnified Party attributable
to such claim and the basis of the Indemnified Party's request for
indemnification under this Agreement.
(b) Conduct of Defense. An Indemnifying Party shall have the
right, upon written notice to the Indemnified Party (the "Defense Notice")
within ten business days of its receipt from the Indemnified Party of the
Claim Notice, to conduct at its expense the defense against such Third
Party Claim in its own name, or, if necessary, in the name of the
Indemnified Party. When the Indemnifying Party assumes the defense, the
Indemnified Party shall have the right to reasonably approve the defense
counsel and no such claim may be compromised or settled without the express
prior written consent of the Indemnified Party; provided, however, that in
any case in which the Indemnified Party withholds consent to any such
proposed compromise or settlement, thereafter the maximum liability of the
Indemnifying Party under this Article VIII to such Indemnified Party with
respect to the relevant Third Party Claim shall not exceed the amounts set
forth in such proposed compromise or settlement. In the event that the
Indemnifying Party does deliver a Defense Notice and thereby elects to
conduct the defense of such Third Party Claim, the Indemnified Party will
cooperate with and make available to the Indemnifying Party such
assistance, personnel, witnesses and materials as the Indemnifying Party
may reasonably request. Regardless of which party defends such Third Party
Claim, the other party shall have the right at its expense to participate
in the defense assisted by counsel of its own choosing. In the event that
the Indemnifying Party shall fail to give the Defense Notice within the
time prescribed by Section 8.2(b), the Indemnified Party shall have the
sole right to conduct such defense and the Indemnified Party may pay,
compromise or defend such claim or proceeding at the Indemnifying Party's
expense. In the event any Indemnified Party should have a claim against
any Indemnifying Party hereunder which does not involve a Third Party
Claim, the Indemnified Party shall promptly transmit to the Indemnifying
Party a written notice describing in reasonable detail the nature of the
claim and the basis of the Indemnified Party's request for indemnification
under this Agreement.
Section 8.3 Limitations on Indemnification. Any liabilities of
the Members pursuant to this Article VIII shall be satisfied pursuant to
the terms of the Escrow Indemnity Agreement, which shall be the exclusive
remedy available for satisfaction of any obligation of the Members pursuant
to this Article VIII. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the
charter, bylaws, other organizational documents, agreements (including,
without limitation, the New Employment Agreements), insurance policies
(including, without limitation, any directors' and officers' liability or
other similar insurance policy) or other instruments of Parent or any of
its Subsidiaries, no Member (or any of their respective affiliates) shall
have any right to indemnification or other recovery thereunder or otherwise
(whether as an officer, member, director, stockholder or in any other
capacity) from Parent or any of its Subsidiaries with respect to any matter
to the extent that the Members are liable, or would be liable but for the
limitations on indemnification and limitations on survival of
representations, warranties, covenants and agreements contained herein, to
any of the Parent Indemnified Parties under this Article VIII with respect
to such matter. The Members shall not be obligated to indemnify any of the
Parent Indemnified Parties pursuant to this Article VIII until the
aggregate Losses suffered by the Parent Indemnified Parties exceed $1.0
million, except to the extent that such Losses result from a wilful breach
of a representation, warranty, agreement or covenant of AH or any of the
Members; provided, however, that if at any time the aggregate Losses exceed
$1.0 million, the Members shall be obligated to indemnify the relevant
Parent Indemnified Parties for the full amount of such Losses in excess of
$500,000.
Section 8.4 Survival of Representations, Warranties and
Covenants. The representations and warranties of AH and the Members
contained in Article III hereof shall survive until the first anniversary
of the AH Effective Time (the "Expiration Date"), and no party may seek
indemnification under this Article VIII with respect to a breach of such a
representation or warranty after the Expiration Date. Notwithstanding
anything to the contrary contained herein, all representations and
warranties made by AH and the Members pursuant to Article III of this
Agreement, and the liability with respect thereto, shall not terminate with
respect to any claim, whether or not fixed as to liability or liquidated as
to amount, with respect to which such party has been given written notice
stating the nature of the claim prior to the date on which such
representation or warranty expires. The parties' respective covenants and
agreements contained in this Agreement or in any certificate, schedule,
list, exhibit, agreement, document or other writing delivered pursuant
hereto or in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby shall
survive indefinitely unless otherwise set forth herein or therein;
provided, however, that no party may seek indemnification under this
Article VIII with respect to any breach of such a covenant or agreement
after the Expiration Date, except with respect to any claim, whether or not
fixed as to liability or liquidated as to amount, with respect to which
such party has given written notice stating the nature of the claim prior
to the Expiration Date. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this
Agreement, (a) no investigation by a party shall affect the
representations, warranties, covenants and agreements of the other parties
under this Agreement or in any certificate, schedule, list, exhibit,
agreement, document or other writing delivered pursuant hereto or in
connection with the transactions contemplated hereby furnished or to be
furnished to the other parties and (b) such representations, warranties,
covenants and agreements shall not be affected or deemed waived by reason
of the consummation of the Mergers or of the fact that the other party or
parties knew or should have known that any of the same is or might be
inaccurate in any respect.
ARTICLE IX
MISCELLANEOUS
Section 9.1 Expenses. Whether or not the Mergers are
consummated, all costs and expenses incurred by AH, its Subsidiaries and
the Members in connection with the Mergers, this Agreement and the
transactions contemplated hereby (including, without limitations, all fees
and expenses of Goldman, Sachs & Co., Ernst & Young LLP, and Latham &
Watkins), shall be paid by AH and all costs and expenses incurred by KT and
its Subsidiaries in connection with the Mergers, this Agreement and the
transactions contemplated hereby shall be paid by KT.
Section 9.2 Counterparts; Effectiveness. This Agreement may be
executed in two or more consecutive counterparts, each of which shall be an
original, with the same effect as if the signatures thereto and hereto were
upon the same instrument, and shall become effective when one or more
counterparts have been signed by each of the parties and delivered (by
telecopy or otherwise) to the other parties.
Section 9.3 Governing Law and Venue; Waiver of Jury Trail.
(a) THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE DEEMED TO BE MADE IN AND IN ALL
RESPECTS SHALL BE INTERPRETED, CONSTRUED AND GOVERNED BY AND IN ACCORDANCE
WITH THE LAW OF THE STATE OF DELAWARE WITHOUT REGARD TO THE CONFLICT OF LAW
PRINCIPLES. The parties irrevocably submit to the jurisdiction of the
courts of the State of Delaware solely in respect of the interpretation and
enforcement of the provisions of this Agreement and of the documents
referred to in this Agreement, and in respect of the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement and by those documents, and hereby waive,
and agree not to assert, as a defense in any action, suit or proceeding for
the interpretation or enforcement of this Agreement or of any such
document, that it is not subject to this Agreement or that such action,
suit or proceeding may not be brought or is not maintainable in said courts
or that the venue thereof may not be appropriate or that this Agreement or
any such document may not be enforced in or by such courts, and the parties
hereto irrevocably agree that all claims with respect to such action or
proceeding shall be heard and determined in such a court. The parties
hereby consent to and grant any such court jurisdiction over the person of
such parties and over the subject matter of such dispute and agree that
mailing of process or other papers in connection with any such action or
proceeding in the manner provided in Section 9.4 or in such other manner as
may be permitted by Law, shall be valid and sufficient service thereof.
(b) EACH PARTY ACKNOWLEDGES AND AGREES THAT ANY CONTROVERSY
WHICH MAY ARISE UNDER THIS AGREEMENT IS LIKELY TO INVOLVE COMPLICATED AND
DIFFICULT ISSUES, AND THEREFORE EACH SUCH PARTY HEREBY IRREVOCABLY AND
UNCONDITIONALLY WAIVES ANY RIGHT SUCH PARTY MAY HAVE TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN
RESPECT OF ANY LITIGATION DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING
TO THIS AGREEMENT, OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED BY THIS AGREEMENT.
EACH PARTY CERTIFIES AND ACKNOWLEDGES THAT (i) NO REPRESENTATIVE, AGENT OR
ATTORNEY OF ANY OTHER PARTY HAS REPRESENTED, EXPRESSLY OR OTHERWISE, THAT
SUCH OTHER PARTY WOULD NOT, IN THE EVENT OF LITIGATION, SEEK TO ENFORCE THE
FOREGOING WAIVER, (ii) EACH SUCH PARTY UNDERSTANDS AND HAS CONSIDERED THE
IMPLICATIONS OF THIS WAIVER, (iii) EACH SUCH PARTY MAKES THIS WAIVER
VOLUNTARILY, AND (iv) EACH SUCH PARTY HAS BEEN INDUCED TO ENTER INTO THIS
AGREEMENT BY, AMONG OTHER THINGS, THE MUTUAL WAIVERS AND CERTIFICATIONS IN
THIS SECTION 9.3.
Section 9.4 Notices. All notices and other communications
hereunder shall be in writing (including telecopy or similar writing) and
shall be effective (a) if given by telecopy, when such telecopy is
transmitted to the telecopy number specified in this Section 9.4 and the
appropriate telecopy confirmation is received or (b) if given by any other
means, when delivered at the address specified in this Section 9.4:
To KT, Parent, SubKT or SubAH:
Knight/Trimark Group, Inc.
Newport Tower
525 Washington Blvd.
Jersey City, New Jersey 07310
Attention: Michael Dorsey, Esq.
Telecopy: (201) 222-1799
copy to:
Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP
919 Third Avenue
New York, New York 10022
Attention: Morris J. Kramer, Esq.
Telecopy: (212) 735-2000
To AH or the Members:
Arbitrade Holdings LLC
130 Cheshire Lane
Minnetonka, Minnesota 55305
Attention: Colin Lancaster, Esq.
Telecopy: (612) 249-5399
copy to:
Latham & Watkins
233 S. Wacker Drive, Suite 5800
Chicago, Illinois 60606
Attention: Michael D. Levin, Esq.
Telecopy: (312) 993-9767
Section 9.5 Assignment; Binding Effect. Neither this Agreement
nor any of the rights, interests or obligations hereunder shall be assigned
by any of the parties hereto (whether by operation of Law or otherwise)
without the express prior written consent of the other parties; provided,
however, that Parent may assign its rights under Sections 5.14 and 5.15 and
Article VIII of this Agreement in connection with direct or indirect sale
or other disposition of a business, material assets or any equity
securities or interests of Parent or any of its Subsidiaries, or any
merger, consolidation, business combination, recapitalization, liquidation,
dissolution or similar transaction involving Parent or any of its
Significant Subsidiaries. Subject to the preceding sentence, this
Agreement shall be binding upon and shall inure to the benefit of the
parties hereto and their respective successors and assigns.
Section 9.6 Severability. Any term or provision of this
Agreement which is invalid or unenforceable in any jurisdiction shall, as
to that jurisdiction, be ineffective to the extent of such invalidity or
unenforceability without rendering invalid or unenforceable the remaining
terms and provisions of this Agreement in any other jurisdiction. If any
provision of this Agreement is so broad as to be unenforceable, such
provision shall be interpreted to be only so broad as is enforceable.
Section 9.7 Enforcement of Agreement. The parties hereto agree
that money damages or other remedy at law would not be sufficient or
adequate remedy for any breach or violation of, or a default under, this
Agreement by them and that in addition to all other remedies available to
them, each of them shall be entitled to the fullest extent permitted by Law
to an injunction restraining such breach, violation or default or
threatened breach, violation or default and to any other equitable relief,
including, without limitation, specific performance, without bond or other
security being required.
Section 9.8 Entire Agreement; No Third-Party Beneficiaries.
This Agreement (and the exhibits and schedules hereto) and the
Confidentiality Agreement constitute the entire agreement, and supersede
all other prior agreements and understandings, both written and oral,
between the parties, or any of them, with respect to the subject matter
hereof and thereof and, except for the provisions of Section 5.12 and
Article VIII hereof and except as set forth in the proviso to the first
sentence of Section 9.5, is not intended to and shall not confer upon any
person other than the parties hereto any rights or remedies hereunder.
Section 9.9 Headings. Headings of the Articles and Sections of
this Agreement are for convenience of the parties only, and shall be given
no substantive or interpretive effect whatsoever.
Section 9.10 Definitions. References in this Agreement to
"Subsidiaries" of any person shall mean (a) any corporation, association,
partnership, limited liability company or other business entity of which
more than 50% of the total voting power of shares of capital stock or other
interests (including partnership interests) entitled (without regard to the
occurrence of any contingency) to vote in the election of directors,
managers or trustees thereof is at the time owned or controlled, directly
or indirectly, by such person, (b) any limited partnership of which such
person is a general partner, or (c) any other person (other than a
corporation or limited partnership) in which such person, directly or
indirectly, has more than 50% of the outstanding partnership or similar
interests or has the power, by contract or otherwise, to direct or cause
the direction of the policies, management and affairs thereof; provided,
however, that references to Subsidiaries of AH shall not include the
Private Funds. For the purposes of Sections 3.1(c), 3.1(d) (other than the
first sentence thereof), 3.5, 3.6 through 3.8, 3.10, 3.11, 3.13 through
3.19, 3.21 through 3.24, and 3.26, references in this Agreement to any
person shall include all predecessors of such person. References in this
Agreement (except as specifically otherwise defined) to "affiliates" shall
mean, as to any person, any other person which, directly or indirectly,
controls, or is controlled by, or is under common control with, such
person. As used in this definition, "control" (including, with its
correlative meanings, "controlled by" and "under common control with")
shall mean the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct
or cause the direction of management or policies of a person, whether
through the ownership of securities or partnership of other ownership
interests, by contract or otherwise. References in this Agreement to a
"person" shall mean an individual, a corporation, a partnership, a limited
liability company, an association, a trust or any other entity or
organization, including, without limitation, a governmental body or
authority. Notwithstanding the foregoing, none of Parent, SubKT and SubAH
shall be deemed to be an "affiliate" or a "Subsidiary" of KT. References
in this Agreement to the "knowledge" of AH shall refer to the knowledge of
each of the Members and the members of senior management of AH and its
Subsidiaries. Reference in this Agreement to the "knowledge" of KT shall
refer to the knowledge of each of the members of senior management of KT
and its Subsidiaries.
Section 9.11 Obligations of AH and KT. Whenever this Agreement
requires a Subsidiary of AH or a Private Fund to take any action, that
requirement shall be deemed to include an undertaking on the part of AH to
cause that Subsidiary or Private Fund to take that action. Whenever this
Agreement requires a Subsidiary of KT to take any action, that requirement
shall be deemed to include an undertaking on the part of KT to cause that
Subsidiary to take that action.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement
to be duly executed and delivered as of the date first above written.
KT HOLDING COMPANY
By: /s/ Kenneth D. Pasternak
------------------------------------------------
Name: Kenneth D. Pasternak
Title: Chief Executive Officer and President
KT ACQUISITION I CORP.
By: /s/ Kenneth D. Pasternak
------------------------------------------------
Name: Kenneth D. Pasternak
Title: Chief Executive Officer and President
AH ACQUISITION I L.L.C.
By: /s/ Kenneth D. Pasternak
------------------------------------------------
Name: Kenneth D. Pasternak
Title: Chief Executive Officer and President
KNIGHT/TRIMARK GROUP, INC.
By: /s/ Kenneth D. Pasternak
------------------------------------------------
Name: Kenneth D. Pasternak
Title: Chief Executive Officer and President
ARBITRADE HOLDINGS LLC
By: /s/ Irvin Kessler
------------------------------------------------
Name: Irvin Kessler
Title: Managing Director
/s/ Peter Hajas
------------------------------------------------
PETER HAJAS
/s/ Merrill Ferguson
------------------------------------------------
MERRILL FERGUSON
/s/ Mark Lyons
------------------------------------------------
MARK LYONS
/s/ Irvin Kessler
------------------------------------------------
TARMACHAN CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC.
/s/ Irvin Kessler
------------------------------------------------
TARMACHAN CAPITAL CO.
/s/ Irvin Kessler
------------------------------------------------
DEEPHAVEN INC.
/s/ Efraim Gildor
------------------------------------------------
GILDOR TRADING, INC.
Other than for
purposes of Articles I,
II (except Section
2.3(g)) and IV: /s/ Irvin Kessler
------------------------------------------------
IRVIN KESSLER
Other than for
purposes of Articles I,
II (except Section
2.3(g)() and IV: /s/ Efraim Gildor
------------------------------------------------
EFRAIM GILDOR
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
----
ARTICLE I
THE MERGERS; CLOSING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Section 1.1 The KT Merger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Section 1.2 The AH Merger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Section 1.3 KT Closing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Section 1.4 AH Closing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Section 1.5 KT Effective Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Section 1.6 AH Effective Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Section 1.7 Effects of the Mergers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Section 1.8 Directors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Section 1.9 Parent Charter Documents and Name . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
ARTICLE II
EFFECT OF THE MERGERS ON THE EQUITY SECURITIES
OF KT AND AH; CERTIFICATES .. . . . . . . . . . . 5
Section 2.1 Effect on KT Stock and SubKT Stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Section 2.2 Effect on AH Membership Units and SubAH Membership Interests 6
Section 2.3 Exchange of Certificates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
ARTICLE III
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES
OF AH AND THE MEMBERS . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Section 3.1 Organization, Qualification, Etc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Section 3.2 Membership Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Section 3.3 Authority Relative to this Agreement . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Section 3.4 Non-Contravention; Consents and Approvals . . . . . . . . 11
Section 3.5 Financial Statements; Financial Condition . . . . . . . . 12
Section 3.6 Environmental Matters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Section 3.7 Employee Benefit Plans; ERISA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Section 3.8 Tax Matters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Section 3.9 No Undisclosed Material Liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Section 3.10 Labor Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Section 3.11 Permits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Section 3.12 Absence of Certain Changes or Events . . . . . . . . . . 20
Section 3.13 No Defaults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Section 3.14 Litigation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Section 3.15 Intellectual Property . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Section 3.16 Non-Competition Agreements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Section 3.17 Certain Agreements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Section 3.18 Real Property . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Section 3.19 Investment Company Act . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Section 3.20 Brokers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Section 3.21 Certain Representations and Warranties as to Private Funds.26
Section 3.22 Compliance with Law. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Section 3.23 Agreements with Regulatory Agencies . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Section 3.24 Investment Securities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Section 3.25 Interest Rate Risk Management Instruments. . . . . . . 30
Section 3.26 Pooling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
ARTICLE IV
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF KT . . . . . . . 31
Section 4.1 Organization, Qualification, Etc. . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Section 4.2 Capital Stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Section 4.3 Corporate Authority Relative to this Agreement . . . . . . 33
Section 4.4 Non-Contravention; Consents and Approvals. . . . . . . . . 34
Section 4.5 Reports and Financial Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Section 4.6 No Prior Activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Section 4.7 Brokers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Section 4.8 Absence of Certain Changes or Events . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Section 4.9 Pooling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
ARTICLE V
COVENANTS AND AGREEMENTS . . . . . . . . . . 36
Section 5.1 Conduct of Business Pending the Effective Time . . . . . . 36
Section 5.2 Investigation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Section 5.3 NASDAQ Filings and Other Cooperation . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Section 5.4 Affiliate Agreements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Section 5.5 AH Employee Benefit Plans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Section 5.6 KT Employee Stock Options, Incentive and Benefit Plans . . 41
Section 5.7 Filings; Other Action . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Section 5.8 Further Assurances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Section 5.9 Notification of Certain Matters . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Section 5.10 No Solicitation by AH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Section 5.11 Public Announcement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Section 5.12 Indemnification and Insurance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Section 5.13 Section 16(b) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Section 5.14 Members' Non-Compete . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Section 5.15 Non-Solicitation of Employees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Section 5.16 Pooling Letters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Section 5.17 Resale Registration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
ARTICLE VI
CONDITIONS TO THE MERGERS . . . . . . . . . . 47
Section 6.1 Conditions to Each Party's Obligation to Effect the Mergers 47
Section 6.2 Conditions to Obligations of AH to Effect the AH Merger . 48
Section 6.3 Conditions to Obligations of KT to Effect the KT Merger
and of Parent to Effect the AH Merger . . . . . . . . . . . 48
ARTICLE VII
TERMINATION, WAIVER AND AMENDMENT . . . . . . . . 50
Section 7.1 Termination or Abandonment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Section 7.2 Effect of Termination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Section 7.3 Termination Fee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Section 7.4 Amendment or Supplement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Section 7.5 Extension of Time, Waiver, Etc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
ARTICLE VIII
INDEMNIFICATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Section 8.1 Indemnification by the Members . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Section 8.2 Indemnification Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Section 8.3 Limitations on Indemnification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Section 8.4 Survival of Representations, Warranties and Covenants . . 54
ARTICLE IX
MISCELLANEOUS . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Section 9.1 Expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Section 9.2 Counterparts; Effectiveness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Section 9.3 Governing Law and Venue; Waiver of Jury Trail . . . . . . 55
Section 9.4 Notices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Section 9.5 Assignment; Binding Effect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Section 9.6 Severability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Section 9.7 Enforcement of Agreement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Section 9.8 Entire Agreement; No Third-Party Beneficiaries . . . . . . 58
Section 9.9 Headings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Section 9.10 Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Section 9.11 Obligations of AH and KT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
INDEX OF DEFINED TERMS
Term Section
Advisers Act . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.21(h)
affiliates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.10
Affiliate Letters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.4
affiliated company . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.19
Agreement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Preamble
AH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Preamble
AH Affiliate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.4
AH Agreements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.4(a)(ii)
AH Certificate of Merger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.6
AH Closing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.4
AH Closing Date . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.4
AH Disclosure Schedule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
AH Effective Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.6
AH Employees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.5(b)(i)
AH Financial Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.5(a)
AH Indemnified Parties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.12(a)
AH Membership Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2(a)
AH Merger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2(a)
AH Merger Consideration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2(b)
AH Merger Exchange Ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2(b)
AH Organizational Documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1(a)
AH Permits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.11
AH Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.12(b)
AH Real Property Leases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.18
Average Price . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2(b)
Claims . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.14
Claim Notice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.2(a)
Class A Common Stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.7(d)
Class A Membership Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2(c)
Class B Common Stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.7(d)
Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Recitals
Commodity Exchange Act . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.21(h)
Common Stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.7(d)
Confidentiality Agreement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.2
control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.10
controlled by . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.10
DGCL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1(a)
DLLCA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2(a)
Defense Notice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.2(b)
disqualified individual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.7(f)
Effective Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.6
Employee Benefit Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.7(g)(i)
Encumbrances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1(c)
Environmental Claim . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.6(d)(i)
Environmental Law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.6(d)(ii)
ERISA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.7(g)(ii)
ERISA Affiliate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.7(g)(iii)
Escrow Agent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3(g)
Escrow Indemnity Agreement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3(g)
Escrow Shares . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3(g)
excess parachute payment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.7(f)
Exchange Act . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.21(f)
Exchange Agent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3(b)
Expiration Date . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.4
extremely hazardous substances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.6(d)(iii)
foreign person . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.3(g)
GAAP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Recitals
Governmental Entity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.8(i)
Hazardous Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.6(d)(iii)
hazardous substances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.6(d)(iii)
hazardous wastes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.6(d)(iii)
HSR Act . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.7
Indemnified Party . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.2(a)
Indemnifying Party . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.2(a)
Intellectual Property . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.15(a)(ii)
investment company . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.19
Investment Company Act . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.21(h)
Investment Fund Financial Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.21(d)
Investment Funds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.21(h)
Investment Laws and Regulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.21(h)
Investment Management Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.21(h)
IP Licenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.15(a)(ii)
IRS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.7(b)(vi)
KT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Preamble
KT Agreements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.4(a)(ii)
KT Award . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.6(b)
KT Certificate of Merger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.5
KT Certificates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1(b)
KT Class A Common Stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1(a)
KT Closing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3
KT Closing Date . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3
KT Disclosure Schedule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
KT Effective Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.5
KT Indemnified Parties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.12(c)
KT Merger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1(a)
KT Merger Consideration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1(b)
KT Merger Exchange Ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1(b)
KT Option Plans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.6(a)(i)
KT Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.12(d)
KT Required Statutory Approvals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.4(a)(iii)
KT Required Third Party Consents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.4(a)(ii)
KT Stock Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.6(a)(i)
KT Termination Fee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.3(b)
Law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.4(a)(iii)
Leased Intellectual Property . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.16(a)(ii)(E)
Losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.1
Material Adverse Effect of AH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1(a)
Material Adverse Effect of KT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.1
Members . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Preamble
Membership Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2(a)
Merger Consideration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2(b)
Mergers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2(a)
Multiemployer Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.7(a)(i)
NMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2(b)
Net Assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.5(b)
New Employment Agreements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Recitals
Non-Investment Fund Financial Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.21(d)
Non-Investment Funds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.21(h)
Owned Intellectual Property . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.15(a)(ii)(E)
Owned Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.15(a)(ii)(E)
Owned Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.15(a)(ii)(E)
parachute payment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.7(f)
pooling-of-interests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.26(a)
Parent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Preamble
Parent Certificates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1(b)
Parent Common Stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1(b)
Parent Indemnified Parties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.1
person . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.10
Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.7(g)(ii)
Preferred Stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.7(d)
Private Fund Financial Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.21(d)
Private Funds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.21(h)
Private Fund Tax Returns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.21(c)
qualified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.7 (d)
Regulatory Agreement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.23
Regulatory Filings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.22(c)
Required Statutory Approvals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.4(a)(iii)
Required Third Party Consents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.4(a)(ii)
SEC Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.5
Securities Act . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.21(f)
Self Regulatory Authority . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.23
Significant Subsidiary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.1
Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.15(a)(ii)(E)
SubAH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Preamble
SubKT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Preamble
Subsidiaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.10
Surviving Corporation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1(a)
Surviving LLC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2(a)
Surviving Subsidiaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2(a)
Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.15(i)
Takeover Proposal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.10(a)(ii)
Tax Returns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.8(k)
Taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.8(j)
Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.15(a)(ii)(D)
Termination Date . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.1(A)
Termination Fee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.3(a)
Third Party Claim . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.2(a)
toxic substances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.6(d)(iii)
under common control with . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.10
LIST OF EXHIBITS
Exhibit A Form of Certificate of Incorporation of Parent
Exhibit B Form of Bylaws of Parent
Exhibit C Form of Escrow Indemnity Agreement
Exhibit D Form of AH Affiliate Letter
=============================================================================
AMENDMENT NUMBER ONE
to the
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER
among
KT HOLDING COMPANY
KT ACQUISITION I CORP.
AH ACQUISITION I L.L.C.
KNIGHT/TRIMARK GROUP, INC.
ARBITRADE HOLDINGS LLC
TARMACHAN CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC.
TARMACHAN CAPITAL CO.
DEEPHAVEN INC.
GILDOR TRADING, INC.
IRVIN KESSLER
EFRAIM GILDOR
PETER HAJAS
MERRILL FERGUSON
and
MARK LYONS
Dated as of December 14, 1999
============================================================================
AMENDMENT NUMBER ONE, dated as of December 14, 1999 (the
"Amendment") to the AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER, dated as of November 17,
1999 (the "Agreement"), among KT HOLDING COMPANY, a Delaware corporation
("Parent"), KT ACQUISITION I CORP., a Delaware corporation ("SubKT"), AH
ACQUISITION I L.L.C., a Delaware limited liability company ("SubAH"),
KNIGHT/TRIMARK GROUP, INC., a Delaware corporation ("KT"), ARBITRADE
HOLDINGS LLC, a Delaware limited liability company ("AH") and TARMACHAN
CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC., TARMACHAN CAPITAL CO., DEEPHAVEN INC., GILDOR
TRADING, INC., IRVIN KESSLER, EFRAIM GILDOR, PETER HAJAS, MERRILL FERGUSON
and MARK LYONS (together, the "Members").
WHEREAS, Parent, SubKT, SubAH, KT, AH and the Members have
entered into the Agreement; and
WHEREAS, the parties wish to amend the Agreement as follows.
NOW, THEREFORE, fully intending to be legally bound hereby, the
parties agree as follows:
ARTICLE X
DEFINITIONS
Section 10.1 Definitions.
All capitalized terms used in this Amendment that are not defined
herein shall have the definitions ascribed thereto in the Agreement.
ARTICLE XI
AMENDMENTS
Section 11.1 Amendments to the Agreement.
(a) Section 1.5 of the Agreement is hereby deleted in its
entirety and the following shall be substituted in lieu thereof:
"Section 1.5 KT Effective Time. Subject to the provisions
of this Agreement, as soon as practicable on or after the KT
Closing Date, the parties shall file with the Secretary of State
of the State of Delaware this Agreement and the related
certificates of the respective secretaries of KT and SubKT as
required by Section 251(g) of the DGCL, executed in accordance
with the relevant provisions of the DGCL, and shall make all
other filings or recordings required under the DGCL in order to
effect the KT Merger. The KT Merger shall become effective at
such time as this Agreement is so filed with the Secretary of
State of the State of Delaware (the time at which the KT Merger
has become fully effective being hereinafter referred to as the
"KT Effective Time")."
(b) Section 1.7(d) of the Agreement is hereby deleted in its
entirety and the following shall be substituted in lieu thereof:
"(d) Charter Documents. (i) At the KT Effective Time,
the Certificate of Incorporation and the Bylaws of KT, as in
effect immediately prior to the KT Effective Time, shall be the
Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws, respectively, of the
Surviving Corporation; provided, however, that, with respect to
the Certificate of Incorporation, from and after the KT Effective
Time, (x) Article FIRST shall be amended and restated in its
entirety as follows "FIRST: The name of the Corporation is
Knight/Trimark, Inc. (the "Corporation")"; (y) paragraph (a) of
Article FOURTH shall be amended and restated and shall be read in
its entirety as follows: "FOURTH: The total number of shares of
stock which the Corporation shall have authority to issue is
3,000 shares of capital stock, consisting of (i) 1,000 shares of
class A common stock, par value $.01 per share (the "Class A
Common Stock"), (ii) 1,000 shares of class B common stock, par
value $.01 per share (the "Class B Common Stock" and, together
with the Class A Common Stock, the "Common Stock"), and (iii)
1,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $.01 per share (the
"Preferred Stock")"; and (z) a new Article TWELFTH shall be added
thereto which shall be and read in its entirety as follows:
"TWELFTH: Any act or transaction by or involving this
Corporation that requires for its adoption under the GCL or this
Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation the approval of
the stockholders of this Corporation (other than the election or
removal of directors of this Corporation) shall, pursuant to
Section 251(g) of the GCL, require, in addition, the approval of
the stockholders of Knight/Trimark Group, Inc., a Delaware
corporation, or any successor thereto by merger, by the same vote
that is required by the GCL and/or the Amended and Restated
Certificate of Incorporation of this Corporation"; and (ii) at
the AH Effective Time, the Certificate of Formation and the
Agreement of Limited Liability Company of SubAH, as in effect
immediately prior to the AH Effective Time, shall be the
Certificate of Formation and Agreement of Limited Liability
Company, respectively, of the Surviving LLC."
(c) Section 1.9 of the Agreement is hereby deleted in its
entirety and the following shall be substituted in lieu thereof:
"Section 1.9 Parent Charter Documents and Name. At the
KT Effective Time, the provisions of the Certificate of
Incorporation and Bylaws of Parent shall be as set forth
substantially in the form of Exhibit A and Exhibit B hereto,
respectively, with such changes as are necessary so that the name
of Parent as of the KT Effective Time shall be changed to
"Knight/Trimark Group, Inc."
(d) The following entry in the "Index of Defined Terms" set
forth in the Agreement is hereby deleted in its entirety:
"KT Certificate of Merger..................................... 1.5"
ARTICLE XII
MISCELLANEOUS
Section 12.1 Counterparts; Effectiveness. This Amendment may be
executed in two or more consecutive counterparts, each of which shall be an
original, with the same effect as if the signatures thereto and hereto were
upon the same instrument, and shall become effective when one or more
counterparts have been signed by each of the parties and delivered (by
telecopy or otherwise) to the other parties.
Section 12.2 Governing Law. THIS AMENDMENT SHALL BE DEEMED TO
BE MADE IN AND IN ALL RESPECTS SHALL BE INTERPRETED, CONSTRUED AND GOVERNED
BY AND IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAW OF THE STATE OF DELAWARE WITHOUT REGARD
TO THE CONFLICT OF LAW PRINCIPLES.
Section 12.3 Continuing Effect. Except to the extent amended
hereby, the provisions of the Agreement shall remain unmodified and
effective as of their respective dates, and the Agreement, as amended by
this Amendment, hereby is confirmed as being in full force and effect in
accordance with its terms. This Amendment is limited as specified and
shall not constitute a modification, acceptance or waiver of any other
provision of the Agreement. From and after the date hereof, except as the
context otherwise requires, all references in the Agreement to the
"Agreement" shall be deemed to be references to the Agreement as amended
hereby.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Amendment
to be duly executed and delivered as of the date first above written.
KT HOLDING COMPANY
By: /s/ Kenneth D. Pasternak
------------------------------------------------
Name: Kenneth D. Pasternak
Title: Chief Executive Officer and President
KT ACQUISITION I CORP.
By: /s/ Kenneth D. Pasternak
------------------------------------------------
Name: Kenneth D. Pasternak
Title: Chief Executive Officer and President
AH ACQUISITION I L.L.C.
By: /s/ Kenneth D. Pasternak
------------------------------------------------
Name: Kenneth D. Pasternak
Title: Chief Executive Officer and President
KNIGHT/TRIMARK GROUP, INC.
By: /s/ Kenneth D. Pasternak
------------------------------------------------
Name: Kenneth D. Pasternak
Title: Chief Executive Officer and President
ARBITRADE HOLDINGS LLC
By: /s/ Irvin Kessler
------------------------------------------------
Name: Irvin Kessler
Title: Managing Director
/s/ Peter Hajas
------------------------------------------------
PETER HAJAS
/s/ Merrill Ferguson
------------------------------------------------
MERRILL FERGUSON
/s/ Mark Lyons
------------------------------------------------
MARK LYONS
/s/ Irvin Kessler
------------------------------------------------
TARMACHAN CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC.
/s/ Irvin Kessler
------------------------------------------------
TARMACHAN CAPITAL CO.
/s/ Irvin Kessler
------------------------------------------------
DEEPHAVEN INC.
/s/ Efraim Gildor
------------------------------------------------
GILDOR TRADING, INC.
Other than for
purposes of Articles I,
II (except Section
2.3(g)) and IV of the
Agreement as amended
by this Amendment /s/ Irwin Kessler
------------------------------------------------
IRVIN KESSLER
Other than for purpose
of Article I, II
(except Section 2.3(g))
and IV of the Agreement
as amended by this
Agreement /s/ Efraim Gildor
------------------------------------------------
EFRAIM GILDOR
AMENDED AND RESTATED
CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION
OF
KT HOLDING COMPANY
KT Holding Company (the "Corporation"), a corporation organized
and existing under the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware
(the "GCL"), does hereby certify as follows:
(a) The name of the Corporation is KT Holding Company.
(b) The name under which the Corporation was originally
incorporated was KT Holding Company. The original Certificate of
Incorporation of the Corporation was filed with the office of the Secretary
of State of the State of Delaware on November 17, 1999.
(c) This Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation was
duly adopted in accordance with Sections 242 and 245 of the GCL.
(d) This Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation
restates and integrates and further amends the Certificate of Incorporation
of the Corporation.
(e) The text of the Certificate of Incorporation is amended and
restated in its entirety as follows:
FIRST: The name of the Corporation is Knight/Trimark Group, Inc.
(hereinafter the "Corporation").
SECOND: The address of the registered office of the Corporation in the
State of Delaware is 1209 Orange Street, in the City of Wilmington, County
of New Castle. The name of its registered agent at that address is The
Corporation Trust Company.
THIRD: The purpose of the Corporation is to engage in any lawful act or
activity for which a corporation may be organized under the General
Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the "GCL").
FOURTH: (a) Authorized Capital Stock. The total number of shares of
stock which the Corporation shall have authority to issue is 240,000,000
shares of capital stock, consisting of (i) 200,000,000 shares of class A
common stock, par value $.01 per share (the "Class A Common Stock"), (ii)
20,000,000 shares of Class B common stock, par value $.01 per share (the
"Class B Common Stock" and, together with the Class A Common Stock, the
"Common Stock"), and (iii) 20,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value
$.01 per share (the "Preferred Stock").
(b) Common Stock. The powers, preferences and rights, and the
qualifications, limitations and restrictions, of each class of the
Common Stock are as follows:
(1) Ranking. Except as otherwise expressly provided in this
Certificate of Incorporation, the powers, preferences and rights
of the holders of Class A Common Stock and holders of Class B
Common Stock, and the qualifications, limitations and
restrictions thereof, shall be in all respects identical.
(2) Voting Rights of Class A Common Stock. Except as otherwise
expressly required by law or provided in this Certificate of
Incorporation, and subject to any voting rights provided to
holders of Preferred Stock at any time outstanding, the holders
of any outstanding shares of Class A Common Stock shall vote
together as a single class on all matters with respect to which
stockholders are entitled to vote under applicable law, this
Certificate of Incorporation or the By-Laws of the Corporation,
or upon which a vote of stockholders is otherwise duly called for
by the Corporation. At each annual or special meeting of
stockholders, each holder of record of shares of Class A Common
Stock on the relevant record date shall be entitled to cast one
vote in person or by proxy for each share of the Class A Common
Stock standing in such holder's name on the stock transfer
records of the Corporation.
(3) Voting Rights of Class B Common Stock. Except as otherwise
expressly required by law, holders of Class B Common Stock shall
have no voting rights.
(4) No Cumulative Voting. The holders of shares of Class A
Common Stock shall not have cumulative voting rights.
(5) Dividends; Stock Splits. Subject to the rights of the
holders of Preferred Stock, and subject to any other provisions
of this Certificate of Incorporation, as it may be amended from
time to time, holders of shares of Class A Common Stock and
shares of Class B Common Stock shall be entitled to receive such
dividends and other distributions in cash, stock or property of
the Corporation when, as and if declared thereon by the Board of
Directors from time to time out of assets or funds of the
Corporation legally available therefor. Holders of Class B
Common Stock shall in no event receive dividends or distributions
in the form of Class A Common Stock or other voting securities or
rights, options or warrants to purchase Class A Common Stock or
other voting securities. If, at any time, a dividend or other
distribution in cash or other property (other than dividends or
other distributions payable in shares of Class A Common Stock or
other voting securities of the Corporation or shares of Class B
Common Stock, or rights, options or warrants to purchase shares
of Class A Common Stock or other voting securities of the
Corporation or to purchase shares of Class B Common Stock or
securities convertible into or exchangeable for shares of Class A
Common Stock or other voting securities of the Corporation or
shares of Class B Common Stock) is declared or paid on the shares
of Class A Common Stock or shares of Class B Common Stock, a like
dividend or other distribution in cash or other property shall
also be declared or paid, as the case may be, on shares of Class
B Common Stock or shares of Class A Common Stock, as the case may
be, in an equal amount per share. If, at any time, a dividend or
other distribution payable in shares of Class A Common Stock or
other voting securities of the Corporation or shares of Class B
Common Stock, or rights, options or warrants to purchase shares
of Class A Common Stock or other voting securities of the
Corporation or to purchase shares of Class B Common Stock, or
securities convertible into or exchangeable for shares of Class A
Common Stock or other voting securities of the Corporation is
paid or declared on shares of Class A Common Stock, a like
dividend or other distribution shall also be paid or declared, as
the case may be, on shares of Class B Common Stock, in an equal
amount per share; provided, that, for this purpose, if shares of
Class A Common Stock or other voting securities of the
Corporation, or rights, options or warrants to purchase shares of
Class A Common Stock or other voting securities of the
Corporation or securities convertible into or exchangeable for
shares of Class A Common Stock or other voting securities of the
Corporation, are paid on shares of Class A Common Stock, and
shares of Class B Common Stock or non-voting securities identical
in all other respects to the other voting securities paid on the
shares of Class A Common Stock or rights, options or warrants to
purchase shares of Class B Common Stock or such other non-voting
securities or securities convertible into or exchangeable for
shares of Class B Common Stock or such other non-voting
securities, are paid on shares of Class B Common Stock, in an
equal amount per share of Class A Common Stock and Class B Common
Stock, such dividend or other distribution shall be deemed to be
a like dividend or other distribution. In the case of any split,
subdivision, combination or reclassification of shares of Class A
Common Stock or Class B Common Stock, the shares of Class B
Common Stock or Class A Common Stock, as the case may be, shall
also be split, subdivided, combined or reclassified so that the
number of shares of Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock
outstanding immediately following such split, subdivision,
combination or reclassification shall bear the same relationship
to each other as did the number of shares of Class A Common Stock
and Class B Common Stock outstanding immediately prior to such
split, subdivision, combination or reclassification.
(6) Liquidation, Dissolution, etc. In the event of any
liquidation, dissolution or winding up (either voluntary or
involuntary) of the Corporation, the holders of shares of Class A
Common Stock and the holders of shares of Class B Common Stock
shall be entitled to receive the assets and funds of the
Corporation available for distribution after payments to
creditors and to the holders of any Preferred Stock of the
Corporation that may at the time be outstanding, in proportion to
the number of shares held by them, respectively, without regard
to class.
(7) Merger, etc. In the event of a merger or consolidation of
the Corporation with or into another entity (whether or not the
Corporation is the surviving entity), the holders of each share
of Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock shall be
entitled to receive the same per share consideration without
regard to class.
(8) No Preemptive or Subscription Rights. No holder of shares
of Class A Common Stock or Class B Common Stock shall be entitled
to preemptive or subscription rights.
(9) Power to Issue, Sell and Purchase Shares. Subject to the
requirements of applicable law, the Corporation shall have the
power to issue and sell all or any part of any shares of any
class of stock herein or hereafter authorized to such persons,
and for such consideration, as the Board of Directors shall from
time to time, in its discretion, determine, whether or not
greater consideration could be received upon the issue or sale of
the same number of shares of another class, and as otherwise
permitted by law. Subject to the requirements of applicable law,
the Corporation shall have the power to purchase any shares of
any class of stock herein or hereafter authorized from such
persons, and for such consideration, as the Board of Directors
shall from time to time, in its discretion, determine, whether or
not less consideration could be paid upon the purchase of the
same number of shares of another class, and as otherwise
permitted by law.
(10) Conversion. At any time and from time to time each holder
of Class A Common Stock shall be entitled to convert any or all
of such holder's shares into the same number of shares of Class B
Common Stock, and each holder of Class B Common Stock shall be
entitled to convert any or all of such holder's shares into the
same number of shares of Class A Common Stock; provided, however,
that, notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this
paragraph, no person subject to the provisions of Regulation Y
shall, and no person shall permit any of its Regulation Y
Affiliates to, convert any shares of Class B Common Stock into
shares of Class A Common Stock, if after giving effect to such
conversion, such person would own or control or have owned or
controlled shares of Class A Common Stock, including all shares
of Class A Common Stock held by such person while such person was
subject to Regulation Y, representing 5% or more of the
outstanding Class A Common Stock; provided, further, that any
person subject to Regulation Y shall, and any such person shall
permit any of its Regulation Y Affiliates to, transfer Class B
Common Stock only to an unaffiliated third party (a) in a widely
dispersed public offering, (b) to one or more investors, in one
or more transactions, none of whom, after such purchase would
hold more than 2% of the voting securities of the Corporation
then outstanding assuming that the Class B Common Stock being
transferred to such investor has been fully converted by such
investor, (c) to any person that already controls the Corporation
prior to such transfer, (d) in a transaction that complies with
Rule 144 (or any successor thereto) of the Securities Act of
1933, as amended, or (e) in any other transaction approved in
advance by the Federal Reserve System. "Regulation Y Affiliate"
shall mean, with respect to any person subject to Regulation Y,
(i) if such person is a bank holding company, any company
directly or indirectly Controlled by such Bank Holding Company,
and (ii) otherwise, the bank holding company that Controls such
person and any company (other than such Person) directly or
indirectly Controlled by such bank holding company. "Regulation
Y" shall mean Regulation Y promulgated by the Board of Governors
of the Federal Reserve System or any successor regulation.
(c) Preferred Stock. The Board of Directors is hereby expressly
authorized to provide for the issuance of all or any shares of the
Preferred Stock in one or more classes or series, and to fix for each
such class or series such voting powers, full or limited, or no voting
powers, and such designations, preferences and relative,
participating, optional or other special rights and such
qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof, as shall be
stated and expressed in the resolution or resolutions adopted by the
Board of Directors providing for the issuance of such class or series,
including, without limitation, the authority to provide that any such
class or series may be (i) subject to redemption at such time or times
and at such price or prices; (ii) entitled to receive dividends (which
may be cumulative or noncumulative) at such rates, on such conditions,
and at such times, and payable in preference to, or in such relation
to, the dividends payable on any other class or classes or any other
series; (iii) entitled to such rights upon the dissolution of, or upon
any distribution of the assets of, the Corporation; or (iv)
convertible into, or exchangeable for, shares of any other class or
classes of stock, or of any other series of the same or any other
class or classes of stock, of the Corporation at such price or prices
or at such rates of exchange and with such adjustments; all as may be
stated in such resolution or resolutions.
FIFTH: The following provisions are inserted for the management of the
business and the conduct of the affairs of the Corporation, and for further
definition, limitation and regulation of the powers of the Corporation and
of its directors and stockholders:
(a) The business and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed by
or under the direction of the Board of Directors.
(b) The number of directors of the Corporation shall be as from time
to time fixed by, or in the manner provided in, the By-Laws of the
Corporation. Election of directors need not be by written ballot
unless the By-Laws so provide.
(c) A director shall hold office until the annual meeting for the
year in which his or her term expires and until his or her successor
shall be elected and shall qualify, subject, however, to prior death,
resignation, retirement, disqualification or removal from office.
(d) Subject to the terms of any one or more classes or series of
Preferred Stock, any vacancy on the Board of Directors that results
from an increase in the number of directors may be filled by a
majority of the Board of Directors then in office, provided that a
quorum is present, and any other vacancy occurring on the Board of
Directors may be filled by a majority of the Board of Directors then
in office, even if less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining
director. Any director elected to fill a vacancy not resulting from
an increase in the number of directors shall have the same remaining
term as that of his predecessor. Subject to the rights, if any, of
the holders of shares of Preferred Stock then outstanding, any or all
of the directors of the Corporation may be removed from office at any
time, but only for cause and only by the affirmative vote of the
holders of at least a majority of the voting power of the
Corporation's then outstanding capital stock entitled to vote
generally in the election of directors. Notwithstanding the
foregoing, whenever the holders of any one or more classes or series
of Preferred Stock issued by the Corporation shall have the right,
voting separately by class or series, to elect directors at an annual
or special meeting of stockholders, the election, term of office,
filling of vacancies and other features of such directorships shall be
governed by the terms of this Certificate of Incorporation applicable
thereto, and such directors so elected shall not be divided into
classes pursuant to this Article FIFTH unless expressly provided by
such terms.
(e) In addition to the powers and authority hereinbefore or by
statute expressly conferred upon them, the directors are hereby
empowered to exercise all such powers and do all such acts and things
as may be exercised or done by the Corporation, subject, nevertheless,
to the provisions of the GCL, this Certificate of Incorporation, and
any By-Laws adopted by the stockholders; provided, however, that no
By-Laws hereafter adopted by the stockholders shall invalidate any
prior act of the directors which would have been valid if such By-Laws
had not been adopted.
SIXTH: No director shall be personally liable to the Corporation or any of
its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a
director, except to the extent such exemption from liability or limitation
thereof is not permitted under the GCL as the same exists or may hereafter
be amended. If the GCL is amended hereafter to authorize the further
elimination or limitation of the liability of directors, then the liability
of a director of the Corporation shall be eliminated or limited to the
fullest extent authorized by the GCL, as so amended. Any repeal or
modification of this Article SIXTH by the stockholders of the Corporation
shall not adversely affect any right or protection of a director of the
Corporation existing at the time of such repeal or modification with
respect to acts or omissions occurring prior to such repeal or
modification.
SEVENTH: The Corporation shall indemnify its directors and officers to the
fullest extent authorized or permitted by law, as now or hereafter in
effect, and such right to indemnification shall continue as to a person who
has ceased to be a director or officer of the Corporation and shall inure
to the benefit of his or her heirs, executors and personal and legal
representatives; provided, however, that, except for proceedings to enforce
rights to indemnification, the Corporation shall not be obligated to
indemnify any director or officer (or his or her heirs, executors or
personal or legal representatives) in connection with a proceeding (or part
thereof) initiated by such person unless such proceeding (or part thereof)
was authorized or consented to by the Board of Directors. The right to
indemnification conferred by this Article SEVENTH shall include the right
to be paid by the Corporation the expenses incurred in defending or
otherwise participating in any proceeding in advance of its final
disposition.
The Corporation may, to the extent authorized from time to time by the
Board of Directors, provide rights to indemnification and to the
advancement of expenses to employees and agents of the Corporation similar
to those conferred in this Article SEVENTH to directors and officers of the
Corporation.
The rights to indemnification and to the advancement of expenses
conferred in this Article SEVENTH shall not be exclusive of any other right
which any person may have or hereafter acquire under this Certificate of
Incorporation, the By-Laws of the Corporation, any statute, agreement, vote
of stockholders or disinterested directors or otherwise.
Any repeal or modification of this Article SEVENTH by the stockholders
of the Corporation shall not adversely affect any rights to indemnification
and to the advancement of expenses of a director or officer of the
Corporation existing at the time of such repeal or modification with
respect to any acts or omissions occurring prior to such repeal or
modification.
EIGHTH: Meetings of stockholders may be held within or without the State
of Delaware, as the By-Laws may provide. The books of the Corporation may
be kept (subject to any provision contained in the GCL) outside the State
of Delaware at such place or places as may be designated from time to time
by the Board of Directors or in the By-Laws of the Corporation.
NINTH: Any action required or permitted to be taken by the stockholders of
the Corporation must be effected at a duly called Annual or Special Meeting
of Stockholders of the Corporation and may not be effected by any consent
in writing by such stockholders unless all of the stockholders entitled to
vote thereon consent thereto in writing.
TENTH: In furtherance and not in limitation of the powers conferred upon
it by the laws of the State of Delaware, the Board of Directors shall have
the power to adopt, amend, alter or repeal the Corporation's By-Laws. The
affirmative vote of at least a majority of the entire Board of Directors
shall be required to adopt, amend, alter or repeal the Corporation's By-
Laws. The Corporation's By-Laws also may be adopted, amended, altered or
repealed by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least a majority of
the voting power of the shares entitled to vote at an election of
directors.
ELEVENTH: The Corporation reserves the right to amend, alter, change or
repeal any provision contained in this Certificate of Incorporation in the
manner now or hereafter prescribed by statute and all rights herein
conferred upon stockholders are granted subject to such reservation.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Corporation has caused this Amended and
Restated Certificate of Incorporation to be executed on its behalf this 6th
day of January, 2000.
KT HOLDING COMPANY
By: /s/ Michael T. Dorsey
-------------------------------------
Name: Michael T. Dorsey
Title: Senior Vice President, General
Counsel and Secretary
EXHIBIT 3.2
BY-LAWS
OF
KT HOLDING COMPANY
A Delaware Corporation
Effective November 17, 1999
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
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ARTICLE I
OFFICES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Section 1. Registered Office . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Section 2. Other Offices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
ARTICLE II
MEETINGS OF STOCKHOLDERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Section 1. Place of Meetings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Section 2. Annual Meetings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Section 3. Special Meetings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Section 4. Quorum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Section 5. Proxies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Section 6. Voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Section 7. Consent of Stockholders in Lieu of Meeting . . . 3
Section 8. Nature of Business at Meetings of
Stockholders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Section 9. List of Stockholders Entitled to Vote . . . . . 4
Section 10. Stock Ledger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Section 11. Record Date . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Section 12. Inspectors of Election . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Section 13. Conduct of Meetings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
ARTICLE III
DIRECTORS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Section 1. Number and Election of Directors . . . . . . . . 6
Section 2. Nomination of Directors . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Section 3. Vacancies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Section 4. Duties and Powers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Section 5. Organization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Section 6. Resignations and Removals of Directors . . . . . 8
Section 7. Meetings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Section 8. Quorum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Section 9. Actions of Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Section 10. Meetings by Means of Conference Telephone . . . 9
Section 11. Committees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Section 12. Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Section 13. Interested Directors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
ARTICLE IV
OFFICERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Section 1. General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Section 2. Election . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Section 3. Voting Securities Owned by the
Corporation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Section 4. Chairman of the Board of Directors . . . . . . 11
Section 5. President . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Section 6. Executive Vice Presidents . . . . . . . . . . 11
Section 7. Secretary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Section 8. Treasurer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Section 9. Assistant Secretaries . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Section 10. Assistant Treasurers . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Section 11. Other Officers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
ARTICLE V
STOCK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Section 1. Form of Certificates . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Section 2. Signatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Section 3. Lost, Destroyed, Stolen or Mutilated
Certificates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Section 4. Transfers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Section 5. Transfer and Registry Agents . . . . . . . . . 14
Section 6. Beneficial Owners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
ARTICLE VI
NOTICES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Section 1. Notices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Section 2. Waivers of Notice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
ARTICLE VII
GENERAL PROVISIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Section 1. Dividends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Section 2. Disbursements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Section 3. Fiscal Year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Section 4. Corporate Seal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
ARTICLE VIII
INDEMNIFICATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Section 1. Power to Indemnify in Actions, Suits or
Proceedings Other than Those by or in
the Right of the Corporation . . . . . . . . 16
Section 2. Power to Indemnify in Actions, Suits or
Proceedings by or in the Right of the
Corporation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Section 3. Authorization of Indemnification . . . . . . . 17
Section 4. Good Faith Defined . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Section 5. Indemnification by a Court . . . . . . . . . . 18
Section 6. Expenses Payable in Advance . . . . . . . . . 19
Section 7. Nonexclusivity of Indemnification and
Advancement of Expenses . . . . . . . . . . 19
Section 8. Insurance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Section 9. Certain Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Section 10. Survival of Indemnification and
Advancement of Expenses . . . . . . . . . . 20
Section 11. Limitation on Indemnification . . . . . . . . 20
Section 12. Indemnification of Employees and Agents . . . 20
ARTICLE IX
AMENDMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Section 1. Amendments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Section 2. Entire Board of Directors . . . . . . . . . . 21
BY-LAWS
OF
KT Holding Company
(hereinafter called the "Corporation")
ARTICLE I
OFFICES
Section 1. Registered Office. The registered office of the
Corporation shall be in the City of Wilmington, County of New Castle,
State of Delaware.
Section 2. Other Offices. The Corporation may also have offices
at such other places, both within and without the State of Delaware, as
the Board of Directors may from time to time determine.
ARTICLE II
MEETINGS OF STOCKHOLDERS
Section 1. Place of Meetings. Meetings of the stockholders for
the election of directors or for any other purpose shall be held at such
time and place, either within or without the State of Delaware, as shall
be designated from time to time by the Board of Directors and stated in
the notice of the meeting or in a duly executed waiver of notice thereof.
Section 2. Annual Meetings. The annual meetings of stockholders
shall be held on such date and at such time as shall be designated from
time to time by the Board of Directors and stated in the notice of the
meeting, at which meetings the stockholders shall elect directors, and
transact such other business as may properly be brought before the
meeting. Written notice of the annual meeting stating the place, date and
hour of the meeting shall be given to each stockholder entitled to vote at
such meeting not less than ten nor more than sixty days before the date of
the meeting.
Section 3. Special Meetings. Unless otherwise prescribed by law
or by the certificate of incorporation of the Corporation, as amended and
restated from time to time (the "Certificate of Incorporation"), special
meetings of stockholders, for any purpose or purposes, may be called by
the Chief Executive Officer or a majority of the directors then in office.
Any such request for a special meeting of the stockholders shall state the
purpose or purposes of the proposed meeting, and at the special meeting,
only such business shall be conducted as shall be specified in the notice
of meeting (or any supplement thereto) given by or at the direction of the
Board of Directors. Written notice of a special meeting stating the place,
date and hour of the meeting and the purpose or purposes for which the
meeting is called shall be given not less than ten nor more than sixty
days before the date of the meeting to each stockholder entitled to vote
at such meeting.
Section 4. Quorum. Except as otherwise required by law or by
the Certificate of Incorporation, the holders of a majority of the capital
stock issued and outstanding and entitled to vote thereat, present in
person or represented by proxy, shall constitute a quorum at all meetings
of the stockholders for the transaction of business. A quorum, once
established, shall not be broken by the withdrawal of enough votes to
leave less than a quorum. If, however, such quorum shall not be present or
represented at any meeting of the stockholders, the stockholders entitled
to vote thereat, present in person or represented by proxy, shall have
power to adjourn the meeting from time to time, without notice other than
announcement at the meeting, until a quorum shall be present or
represented. At such adjourned meeting at which a quorum shall be present
or represented, any business may be transacted which might have been
transacted at the meeting as originally noticed. If the adjournment is for
more than thirty days, or if after the adjournment a new record date is
fixed for the adjourned meeting, a notice of the adjourned meeting shall
be given to each stockholder entitled to vote at the meeting not less than
ten nor more than sixty days before the date of the meeting.
Section 5. Proxies. Any stockholder entitled to vote may do so
in person or by his or her proxy appointed by an instrument in writing
subscribed by such stockholder or by his or her attorney thereunto
authorized, delivered to the Secretary of the meeting; provided, however,
that no proxy shall be voted or acted upon after three years from its
date, unless said proxy provides for a longer period. Without limiting the
manner in which a stockholder may authorize another person or persons to
act for him or her as proxy, either of the following shall constitute a
valid means by which a stockholder may grant such authority:
(i) A stockholder may execute a writing
authorizing another person or persons to act for him or her as
proxy. Execution may be accomplished by the stockholder or his
or her authorized officer, director, employee or agent signing
such writing or causing his or her signature to be affixed to
such writing by any reasonable means, including, but not limited
to, by facsimile signature.
(ii) A stockholder may authorize another
person or persons to act for him or her as proxy by transmitting
or authorizing the transmission of a telegram or other means of
electronic transmission to the person who will be the holder of
the proxy or to a proxy solicitation firm, proxy support service
organization or like agent duly authorized by the person who will
be the holder of the proxy to receive such transmission, provided
that any such telegram or other means of electronic transmission
must either set forth or be submitted with information from which
it can be determined that the telegram or other electronic
transmission was authorized by the stockholder.
Any copy, facsimile telecommunication or other reliable
reproduction of the writing or transmission authorizing another person or
persons to act as proxy for a stockholder may be substituted or used in
lieu of the original writing or transmission for any and all purposes for
which the original writing or transmission could be used; provided that
such copy, facsimile telecommunication or other reproduction shall be a
complete reproduction of the entire original writing or transmission.
Section 6. Voting. At all meetings of the stockholders at which
a quorum is present, except as otherwise required by law, the Certificate
of Incorporation or these By-Laws, any question brought before any meeting
of stockholders shall be decided by the affirmative vote of the holders of
a majority of the total number of votes of the capital stock present in
person or represented by proxy and entitled to vote on such question,
voting as a single class. The Board of Directors, in its discretion, or
the officer of the Corporation presiding at a meeting of stockholders, in
his or her discretion, may require that any votes cast at such meeting
shall be cast by written ballot.
Section 7. Consent of Stockholders in Lieu of Meeting. Any
action required or permitted to be taken by the stockholders of the
Corporation must be effected at a duly called Annual or Special Meeting of
Stockholders of the Corporation and may not be effected by any consent in
writing by such stockholders unless all of the stockholders entitled to
vote thereon consent thereto in writing.
Section 8. Nature of Business at Meetings of Stockholders. No
business may be transacted at an annual meeting of stockholders, other
than business that is either (a) specified in the notice of meeting (or
any supplement thereto) given by or at the direction of the Board of
Directors (or any duly authorized committee thereof), (b) otherwise
properly brought before the annual meeting by or at the direction of the
Board of Directors (or any duly authorized committee thereof) or (c)
otherwise properly brought before the annual meeting by any stockholder of
the Company who is a record or beneficial owner of shares on the record
date for the determination of stockholders entitled to vote at such annual
meeting. If the Chairman of an annual meeting determines that business was
not properly brought before the annual meeting in accordance with this
section 8, the Chairman shall declare to the meeting that the business was
not properly brought before the meeting and such business shall not be
transacted.
Section 9. List of Stockholders Entitled to Vote. The officer
of the Corporation who has charge of the stock ledger of the Corporation
shall prepare and make, at least ten days before every meeting of
stockholders, a complete list of the stockholders entitled to vote at the
meeting, arranged in alphabetical order, and showing the address of each
stockholder and the number of shares registered in the name of each
stockholder. Such list shall be open to the examination of any
stockholder, for any purpose germane to the meeting, during ordinary
business hours, for a period of at least ten days prior to the meeting,
either at a place within the city where the meeting is to be held, which
place shall be specified in the notice of the meeting, or, if not so
specified, at the place where the meeting is to be held. The list shall
also be produced and kept at the time and place of the meeting during the
whole time thereof, and may be inspected by any stockholder of the
Corporation who is present.
Section 10. Stock Ledger. The stock ledger of the Corporation
shall be the only evidence as to who are the stockholders entitled to
examine the stock ledger, the list required by Section 9 of this Article
II or the books of the Corporation, or to vote in person or by proxy at
any meeting of stockholders.
Section 11. Record Date.
(a) In order that the Corporation may determine the
stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of
stockholders or any adjournment thereof, or entitled to receive payment of
any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights, or entitled
to exercise any rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of
stock, or for the purpose of any other lawful action, the Board of
Directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the
date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the
Board of Directors and which record date: (1) in the case of determination
of stockholders entitled to vote at any meeting of stockholders or
adjournment thereof, shall not be more than sixty nor less than ten days
before the date of such meeting; and (2) in the case of any other action,
shall not be more than sixty days prior to such other action. If no record
date is fixed: (1) the record date for determining stockholders entitled to
notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall be at the close of
business on the day next preceding the day on which notice is given, or, if
notice is waived, at the close of business on the day next preceding the
day on which the meeting is held; and (2) the record date for determining
stockholders for any other purpose shall be at the close of business on the
day on which the Board of Directors adopts the resolution relating thereto.
A determination of stockholders of record entitled to notice of or to vote
at a meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment of the meeting;
provided, however, that the Board of Directors may fix a new record date
for the adjourned meeting.
(b) In order that the Corporation may determine the
stockholders entitled to consent to corporate action in writing without a
meeting, the Board of Directors may fix a record date, which record date
shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date
is adopted by the Board of Directors, and which record date shall not be
more than ten days after the date upon which the resolution fixing the
record date is adopted by the Board of Directors. If no record date has
been fixed by the Board of Directors, the record date for determining
stockholders entitled to consent to corporate action in writing without a
meeting, when no prior action by the Board of Directors is required by law,
shall be the first date on which a signed written consent setting forth the
action taken or proposed to be taken is delivered to the Corporation by
delivery to its registered office in the State of Delaware, its principal
place of business, or an officer or agent of the Corporation having custody
of the book in which proceedings of meetings of stockholders are recorded.
Delivery made to a corporation's registered office shall be by hand or by
certified or registered mail, return receipt requested. If no record date
has been fixed by the Board of Directors and prior action by the Board of
Directors is required by law, the record date for determining stockholders
entitled to consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting shall
be at the close of business on the day on which the Board of Directors
adopts the resolutions taking such prior action.
Section 12. Inspectors of Election. In advance of any meeting of
stockholders, the Board by resolution or the Chairman or President shall
appoint one or more inspectors of election to act at the meeting and make
a written report thereof. One or more other persons may be designated as
alternate inspectors to replace any inspector who fails to act. If no
inspector or alternate is present, ready and willing to act at a meeting
of stockholders, the Chairman of the meeting shall appoint one or more
inspectors to act at the meeting. Unless otherwise required by law,
inspectors may be officers, employees or agents of the Corporation. Each
inspector, before entering upon the discharge of his or her duties, shall
take and sign an oath faithfully to execute the duties of inspector with
strict impartiality and according to the best of his or her ability. The
inspector shall have the duties prescribed by law and shall take charge of
the polls and, when the vote is completed, shall make a certificate of the
result of the vote taken and of such other facts as may be required by
law.
Section 13. Conduct of Meetings. The Board of Directors of the
Corporation may adopt by resolution such rules and regulations for the
conduct of the meeting of the stockholders as it shall deem appropriate.
Except to the extent inconsistent with such rules and regulations as
adopted by the Board of Directors, the chairman of any meeting of the
stockholders shall have the right and authority to prescribe such rules,
regulations and procedures and to do all such acts as, in the judgment of
such chairman, are appropriate for the proper conduct of the meeting. Such
rules, regulations or procedures, whether adopted by the Board of
Directors or prescribed by the chairman of the meeting, may include,
without limitation, the following: (i) the establishment of an agenda or
order of business for the meeting; (ii) the determination of when the
polls shall open and close for any given matter to be voted on at the
meeting; (iii) rules and procedures for maintaining order at the meeting
and the safety of those present; (iv) limitations on attendance at or
participation in the meeting to stockholders of record of the corporation,
their duly authorized and constituted proxies or such other persons as the
chairman of the meeting shall determine; (v) restrictions on entry to the
meeting after the time fixed for the commencement thereof; and (vi)
limitations on the time allotted to questions or comments by participants.
ARTICLE III
DIRECTORS
Section 1. Number and Election of Directors. The Board of
Directors shall consist of not less than one nor more than twenty-five
members, the exact number of which shall initially be fixed by the
Incorporator and thereafter from time to time by the Board of Directors.
Except as provided in Section 3 of this Article III, directors shall be
elected by a plurality of the votes cast at the Annual Meetings of
Stockholders and each director so elected shall hold office until the next
Annual Meeting of Stockholders and until such director's successor is duly
elected and qualified, or until such director's earlier death, resignation
or removal. Any director may resign at any time upon written notice to the
Corporation. Directors need not be stockholders.
Section 2. Nomination of Directors. Only persons who are
nominated in accordance with the following procedures shall be eligible
for election as directors of the Company, except as may be otherwise
provided in the Certificate of Incorporation with respect to the right of
holders of preferred stock of the Corporation to nominate and elect a
specified number of directors in certain circumstances. Nominations of
persons for election to the Board of Directors may be made at any annual
meeting of stockholders, or at any special meeting of stockholders called
for the purpose of electing directors, (a) by or at the direction of the
Board of Directors (or any duly authorized committee thereof) or (b) by
any stockholder of the Company who is a record or beneficial owner of
shares on the record date for the determination of stockholders entitled
to vote at such meeting.
No person shall be eligible for election as a director of the
Company unless nominated in accordance with this Section 2. If the Chairman
of the meeting determines that a nomination was not made in accordance with
this Section 2, the Chairman shall declare to the meeting that the
nomination was defective and such defective nomination shall be
disregarded.
Section 3. Vacancies. Subject to the terms of any one or more
classes or series of preferred stock, any vacancy on the Board of
Directors that results from an increase in the number of directors may be
filled by a majority of the directors then in office, provided that a
quorum is present, and any other vacancy occurring on the Board of
Directors may be filled by a majority of the Board of Directors then in
office, even if less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, whenever the holders of any one or more
class or classes or series of preferred stock of the Corporation shall
have the right, voting separately as a class, to elect directors at an
annual or special meeting of stockholders, the election, term of office,
filling of vacancies and other features of such directorships shall be
governed by the Certificate of Incorporation.
Section 4. Duties and Powers. The business of the Corporation
shall be managed by or under the direction of the Board of Directors which
may exercise all such powers of the Corporation and do all such lawful
acts and things as are not by statute or by the Certificate of
Incorporation or by these By-Laws required to be exercised or done by the
stockholders.
Section 5. Organization. At each meeting of the Board of
Directors, the Chairman of the Board of Directors, or, in his or her
absence, a director chosen by a majority of the directors present, shall
act as Chairman. The Secretary of the Corporation shall act as Secretary
at each meeting of the Board of Directors. In case the Secretary shall be
absent from any meeting of the Board of Directors, an Assistant Secretary
shall perform the duties of Secretary at such meeting; and in the absence
from any such meeting of the Secretary and all the Assistant Secretaries,
the Chairman of the meeting may appoint any person to act as Secretary of
the meeting.
Section 6. Resignations and Removals of Directors. Any director
of the Corporation may resign at any time, by giving written notice to the
Chairman of the Board of Directors, the President or the Secretary of the
Corporation. Such resignation shall take effect at the time therein
specified or, if no time is specified, immediately; and, unless otherwise
specified in such notice, the acceptance of such resignation shall not be
necessary to make it effective. Except as otherwise required by law and
subject to the rights, if any, of the holders of shares of preferred stock
then outstanding, any director or the entire Board of Directors may be
removed from office at any time, but only for cause, and only by the
affirmative vote of the holders of at least a majority in voting power of
the issued and outstanding capital stock of the Corporation entitled to
vote in the election of directors.
Section 7. Meetings. The Board of Directors of the Corporation
may hold meetings, both regular and special, either within or without the
State of Delaware. Regular meetings of the Board of Directors may be held
at such time and at such place as may from time to time be determined by
the Board of Directors and, unless required by resolution of the Board of
Directors, without notice. Special meetings of the Board of Directors may
be called by the Chief Executive Officer or a majority of the directors
then in office. Notice thereof stating the place, date and hour of the
meeting shall be given to each director either by mail not less than
forty-eight (48) hours before the date of the meeting, or by telephone,
facsimile or telegram on twenty-four (24) hours' notice.
Section 8. Quorum. Except as may be otherwise required by law,
the Certificate of Incorporation or these By-Laws, at all meetings of the
Board of Directors, a majority of the entire Board of Directors, shall
constitute a quorum for the transaction of business and the act of a
majority of the directors present at any meeting at which there is a
quorum shall be the act of the Board of Directors. If a quorum shall not
be present at any meeting of the Board of Directors, the directors present
thereat may adjourn the meeting from time to time, without notice other
than announcement at the meeting of the time and place of the adjourned
meeting, until a quorum shall be present.
Section 9. Actions of Board. Unless otherwise provided by the
Certificate of Incorporation or these By-Laws, any action required or
permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board of Directors or of any
committee thereof may be taken without a meeting, if all the members of
the Board of Directors or committee, as the case may be, consent thereto
in writing, and the writing or writings are filed with the minutes of
proceedings of the Board of Directors or committee.
Section 10. Meetings by Means of Conference Telephone. Unless
otherwise provided by the Certificate of Incorporation or these By-Laws,
members of the Board of Directors of the Corporation, or any committee
designated by the Board of Directors, may participate in a meeting of the
Board of Directors or such committee by means of a conference telephone or
similar communications equipment by means of which all persons
participating in the meeting can hear each other, and participation in a
meeting pursuant to this Section 10 shall constitute presence in person at
such meeting.
Section 11. Committees. The Board of Directors may, by
resolution passed by a majority of the entire Board of Directors,
designate one or more committees, each committee to consist of one or more
of the directors of the Corporation. The Board of Directors may designate
one or more directors as alternate members of any committee, who may
replace any absent or disqualified member at any meeting of any such
committee. In the absence or disqualification of a member of a committee,
and in the absence of a designation by the Board of Directors of an
alternate member to replace the absent or disqualified member, the member
or members thereof present at any meeting and not disqualified from
voting, whether or not he or they constitute a quorum, may unanimously
appoint another member of the Board of Directors to act at the meeting in
the place of any absent or disqualified member. Any committee, to the
extent permitted by law and provided in the resolution establishing such
committee, shall have and may exercise all the powers and authority of the
Board of Directors in the management of the business and affairs of the
Corporation. Each committee shall keep regular minutes and report to the
Board of Directors when required.
Section 12. Compensation. The directors may be paid their
expenses, if any, of attendance at each meeting of the Board of Directors
and may be paid a fixed sum for attendance at each meeting of the Board of
Directors or a stated salary, or such other emoluments as the Board of
Directors shall from time to time determine. No such payment shall
preclude any director from serving the Corporation in any other capacity
and receiving compensation therefor. Members of special or standing
committees may be allowed like compensation for attending committee
meetings.
Section 13. Interested Directors. No contract or transaction
between the Corporation and one or more of its directors or officers, or
between the Corporation and any other corporation, partnership,
association, or other organization in which one or more of its directors
or officers are directors or officers, or have a financial interest, shall
be void or voidable solely for this reason, or solely because the director
or officer is present at or participates in the meeting of the Board of
Directors or committee thereof which authorizes the contract or
transaction, or solely because such person's or their votes are counted
for such purpose if (i) the material facts as to such person's or their
relationship or interest and as to the contract or transaction are
disclosed or are known to the Board of Directors or the committee, and the
Board of Directors or committee in good faith authorizes the contract or
transaction by the affirmative votes of a majority of the disinterested
directors, even though the disinterested directors be less than a quorum;
or (ii) the material facts as to such person's or their relationship or
interest and as to the contract or transaction are disclosed or are known
to the stockholders entitled to vote thereon, and the contract or
transaction is specifically approved in good faith by vote of the
stockholders; or (iii) the contract or transaction is fair as to the
Corporation as of the time it is authorized, approved or ratified, by the
Board of Directors, a committee thereof or the stockholders. Common or
interested directors may be counted in determining the presence of a
quorum at a meeting of the Board of Directors or of a committee which
authorizes the contract or transaction.
ARTICLE IV
OFFICERS
Section 1. General. The officers of the Corporation shall be
chosen by the Board of Directors and shall be a President, a Secretary and
a Treasurer. The Board of Directors, in its discretion, may also choose a
Chairman of the Board of Directors (who must be a director) and one or
more Executive Vice Presidents, Assistant Secretaries, Assistant
Treasurers and other officers. Any number of offices may be held by the
same person, unless otherwise prohibited by law, the Certificate of
Incorporation or these By-Laws. The officers of the Corporation need not
be stockholders of the Corporation nor, except in the case of the Chairman
of the Board of Directors, need such officers be directors of the
Corporation.
Section 2. Election. The Board of Directors at its first
meeting held after each Annual Meeting of Stockholders (or action by
written consent of stockholders in lieu of the Annual Meeting of
Stockholders) shall elect the officers of the Corporation who shall hold
their offices for such terms and shall exercise such powers and perform
such duties as shall be determined from time to time by the Board of
Directors; and all officers of the Corporation shall hold office until
their successors are chosen and qualified, or until their earlier
resignation or removal. Any officer elected by the Board of Directors may
be removed at any time by the affirmative vote of a majority of the Board
of Directors. Any vacancy occurring in any office of the Corporation shall
be filled by the Board of Directors. The salaries of all officers of the
Corporation shall be fixed by the Board of Directors.
Section 3. Voting Securities Owned by the Corporation. Powers
of attorney, proxies, waivers of notice of meeting, consents and other
instruments relating to securities owned by the Corporation may be
executed in the name of and on behalf of the Corporation by the President
or any Executive Vice President and any such officer may, in the name of
and on behalf of the Corporation, take all such action as any such officer
may deem advisable to vote in person or by proxy at any meeting of
security holders of any corporation in which the Corporation may own
securities and at any such meeting shall possess and may exercise any and
all rights and power incident to the ownership of such securities and
which, as the owner thereof, the Corporation might have exercised and
possessed if present. The Board of Directors may, by resolution, from time
to time confer like powers upon any other person or persons or withdraw
such powers.
Section 4. Chairman of the Board of Directors. The Chairman of
the Board of Directors, if there be one, shall preside at all meetings of
the stockholders and of the Board of Directors. The Chairman of the Board
of Directors shall also perform such other duties and may exercise such
other powers as from time to time may be assigned to him or her by these
By-Laws or by the Board of Directors.
Section 5. President. The President shall, subject to the
control of the Board of Directors, have general supervision of the
business of the Corporation and shall see that all orders and resolutions
of the Board of Directors are carried into effect. The President shall be
the Chief Executive Officer of the Corporation. The President shall
execute all bonds, mortgages, contracts and other instruments of the
Corporation requiring a seal, under the seal of the Corporation, except
where required or permitted by law to be otherwise signed and executed and
except that the other officers of the Corporation may sign and execute
documents when so authorized by these By-Laws, the Board of Directors or
the President. In the absence or disability of the Chairman of the Board
of Directors, or if there be none, the President shall preside at all
meetings of the stockholders and the Board of Directors. The President
shall also perform such other duties and may exercise such other powers as
from time to time may be assigned to him or her by these By-Laws or by the
Board of Directors.
Section 6. Executive Vice Presidents. At the request of the
President or in his or her absence or in the event of his or her inability
or refusal to act (and if there be no Chairman of the Board of Directors),
the Executive Vice President or the Executive Vice Presidents if there is
more than one (in the order designated by the Board of Directors) shall
perform the duties of the President, and when so acting, shall have all
the powers of and be subject to all the restrictions upon the President.
Each Executive Vice President shall perform such other duties and have
such other powers as the Board of Directors from time to time may
prescribe. If there be no Chairman of the Board of Directors and no
Executive Vice President, the Board of Directors shall designate the
officer of the Corporation who, in the absence of the President or in the
event of the inability or refusal of the President to act, shall perform
the duties of the President, and when so acting, shall have all the powers
of and be subject to all the restrictions upon the President.
Section 7. Secretary. The Secretary shall attend all meetings of
the Board of Directors and all meetings of stockholders and record all the
proceedings thereat in a book or books to be kept for that purpose; the
Secretary shall also perform like duties for the standing committees when
required.
The Secretary shall give, or cause to be given, notice of all
meetings of the stockholders and special meetings of the Board of
Directors, and shall perform such other duties as may be prescribed by the
Board of Directors or President, under whose supervision the Secretary
shall be. If the Secretary shall be unable or shall refuse to cause to be
given notice of all meetings of the stockholders and special meetings of
the Board of Directors, and if there be no Assistant Secretary, then either
the Board of Directors or the President may choose another officer to cause
such notice to be given. The Secretary shall have custody of the seal of
the Corporation and the Secretary or any Assistant Secretary, if there be
one, shall have authority to affix the same to any instrument requiring it
and when so affixed, it may be attested by the signature of the Secretary
or by the signature of any such Assistant Secretary. The Board of
Directors may give general authority to any other officer to affix the seal
of the Corporation and to attest the affixing by his or her signature. The
Secretary shall see that all books, reports, statements, certificates and
other documents and records required by law to be kept or filed are
properly kept or filed, as the case may be.
Section 8. Treasurer. The Treasurer shall have the custody of
the corporate funds and securities and shall keep full and accurate
accounts of receipts and disbursements in books belonging to the
Corporation and shall deposit all moneys and other valuable effects in the
name and to the credit of the Corporation in such depositories as may be
designated by the Board of Directors. The Treasurer shall disburse the
funds of the Corporation as may be ordered by the Board of Directors,
taking proper vouchers for such disbursements, and shall render to the
President and the Board of Directors, at its regular meetings, or when the
Board of Directors so requires, an account of all transactions as
Treasurer and of the financial condition of the Corporation. If required
by the Board of Directors, the Treasurer shall give the Corporation a bond
in such sum and with such surety or sureties as shall be satisfactory to
the Board of Directors for the faithful performance of the duties of the
office of Treasurer and for the restoration to the Corporation, in case of
the Treasurer's death, resignation, retirement or removal from office, of
all books, papers, vouchers, money and other property of whatever kind in
the Treasurer's possession or under control of the Treasurer belonging to
the Corporation.
Section 9. Assistant Secretaries. Except as may be otherwise
provided in these By-Laws, Assistant Secretaries, if there be any, shall
perform such duties and have such powers as from time to time may be
assigned to them by the Board of Directors, the President, any Executive
Vice President, if there be one, or the Secretary, and in the absence of
the Secretary or in the event of his or her disability or refusal to act,
shall perform the duties of the Secretary, and when so acting, shall have
all the powers of and be subject to all the restrictions upon the
Secretary.
Section 10. Assistant Treasurers. Assistant Treasurers, if there
be any, shall perform such duties and have such powers as from time to
time may be assigned to them by the Board of Directors, the President, any
Executive Vice President, if there be one, or the Treasurer, and in the
absence of the Treasurer or in the event of the Treasurer's disability or
refusal to act, shall perform the duties of the Treasurer, and when so
acting, shall have all the powers of and be subject to all the
restrictions upon the Treasurer. If required by the Board of Directors, an
Assistant Treasurer shall give the Corporation a bond in such sum and with
such surety or sureties as shall be satisfactory to the Board of Directors
for the faithful performance of the duties of the office of Assistant
Treasurer and for the restoration to the Corporation, in case of the
Assistant Treasurer's death, resignation, retirement or removal from
office, of all books, papers, vouchers, money and other property of
whatever kind in the Assistant Treasurer's possession or under control of
the Assistant Treasurer belonging to the Corporation.
Section 11. Other Officers. Such other officers as the Board
of Directors may choose shall perform such duties and have such powers as
from time to time may be assigned to them by the Board of Directors. The
Board of Directors may delegate to any other officer of the Corporation
the power to choose such other officers and to prescribe their respective
duties and powers.
ARTICLE V
STOCK
Section 1. Form of Certificates. Every holder of stock in the
Corporation shall be entitled to have a certificate signed, in the name of
the Corporation, (i) by the Chairman of the Board of Directors, the
President or an Executive Vice President and (ii) by the Treasurer or an
Assistant Treasurer, or the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the
Corporation, certifying the number of shares owned by such holder of stock
in the Corporation.
Section 2. Signatures. Any or all of the signatures on a
certificate may be a facsimile. I n case any officer, transfer agent or
registrar who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been placed upon
a certificate shall have ceased to be such officer, transfer agent or
registrar before such certificate is issued, it may be issued by the
Corporation with the same effect as if such person were such officer,
transfer agent or registrar at the date of issue.
Section 3. Lost, Destroyed, Stolen or Mutilated Certificates.
The Board of Directors may direct a new certificate to be issued in place
of any certificate theretofore issued by the Corporation alleged to have
been lost, stolen or destroyed, upon the making of an affidavit of that
fact by the person claiming the certificate of stock to be lost, stolen or
destroyed. When authorizing such issue of a new certificate, the Board of
Directors may, in its discretion and as a condition precedent to the
issuance thereof, require the owner of such lost, stolen or destroyed
certificate, or such person's legal representative, to advertise the same
in such manner as the Board of Directors shall require and/or to give the
Corporation a bond in such sum as it may direct as indemnity against any
claim that may be made against the Corporation with respect to the
certificate alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed.
Section 4. Transfers. Stock of the Corporation shall be
transferable in the manner prescribed by law and in these By-Laws.
Transfers of stock shall be made on the books of the Corporation only by
the person named in the certificate or by such person's attorney lawfully
constituted in writing and upon the surrender of the certificate therefor,
properly endorsed for transfer and payment of all necessary transfer
taxes; provided, however, that such surrender and endorsement or payment
of taxes shall not be required in any case in which the officers of the
Corporation shall determine to waive such requirement. Every certificate
exchanged, returned or surrendered to the Corporation shall be marked
"Cancelled," with the date of cancellation, by the Secretary or Assistant
Secretary of the Corporation or the transfer agent thereof. No transfer of
stock shall be valid as against the Corporation for any purpose until it
shall have been entered in the stock records of the Corporation by an
entry showing from and to whom transferred.
Section 5. Transfer and Registry Agents. The Corporation may
from time to time maintain one or more transfer offices or agencies and
registry offices or agencies at such place or places as may be determined
from time to time by the Board of Directors.
Section 6. Beneficial Owners. The Corporation shall be entitled
to recognize the exclusive right of a person registered on its books as
the owner of shares to receive dividends, and to vote as such owner, and
to hold liable for calls and assessments a person registered on its books
as the owner of shares, and shall not be bound to recognize any equitable
or other claim to or interest in such share or shares on the part of any
other person, whether or not it shall have express or other notice
thereof, except as otherwise provided by law.
ARTICLE VI
NOTICES
Section 1. Notices. Whenever written notice is required by law,
the Certificate of Incorporation or these By-Laws, to be given to any
director, member of a committee or stockholder, such notice may be given
by mail, addressed to such director, member of a committee or stockholder,
at such person's address as it appears on the records of the Corporation,
with postage thereon prepaid, and such notice shall be deemed to be given
at the time when the same shall be deposited in the United States mail.
Written notice may also be given personally or by telegram, facsimile,
telex or cable.
Section 2. Waivers of Notice.
(a) Whenever any notice is required by law, the Certificate
of Incorporation or these By-Laws, to be given to any director, member of a
committee or stockholder, a waiver thereof in writing, signed, by the
person or persons entitled to said notice, whether before or after the time
stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent to notice. Attendance of a
person at a meeting, present by person or represented by proxy, shall
constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except where the person
attends the meeting for the express purpose of objecting at the beginning
of the meeting to the transaction of any business because the meeting is
not lawfully called or convened.
(b) Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the
purpose of, any regular or special meeting of the stockholders, directors
or members of a committee of directors need be specified in any written
waiver of notice unless so required by law, the Certificate of
Incorporation or these By-Laws.
ARTICLE VII
GENERAL PROVISIONS
Section 1. Dividends. Subject to the requirements of the GCL and
the provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation, dividends upon the
capital stock of the Corporation may be declared by the Board of Directors
at any regular or special meeting of the Board of Directors (or any action
by written consent in lieu thereof), and may be paid in cash, in property,
or in shares of the Corporation's capital stock. Before payment of any
dividend, there may be set aside out of any funds of the Corporation
available for dividends such sum or sums as the Board of Directors from
time to time, in its absolute discretion, deems proper as a reserve or
reserves to meet contingencies, or for purchasing any of the shares of
capital stock, warrants, rights, options, bonds, debentures, notes, scrip
or other securities or evidences of indebtedness of the Corporation as may
exist, or for equalizing dividends, or for repairing or maintaining any
property of the Corporation, or for any other proper purpose, and the
Board of Directors may modify or abolish any such reserve.
Section 2. Disbursements. All checks or demands for money and
notes of the Corporation shall be signed by such officer or officers or
such other person or persons as the Board of Directors may from time to
time designate.
Section 3. Fiscal Year. The fiscal year of the Corporation
shall be fixed by resolution of the Board of Directors.
Section 4. Corporate Seal. The corporate seal shall have
inscribed thereon the name of the Corporation, the year of its
organization and the words "Corporate Seal, Delaware". The seal may be
used by causing it or a facsimile thereof to be impressed or affixed or
reproduced or otherwise.
ARTICLE VIII
INDEMNIFICATION
Section 1. Power to Indemnify in Actions, Suits or Proceedings
Other than Those by or in the Right of the Corporation. Subject to Section
3 of this Article VIII, the Corporation shall indemnify any person who was
or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened,
pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal,
administrative or investigative (other than an action by or in the right
of the Corporation) by reason of the fact that such person is or was a
director or officer of the Corporation, or is or was a director or officer
of the Corporation serving at the request of the Corporation as a director
or officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint
venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise, against
expenses (including attorneys' fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in
settlement actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection
with such action, suit or proceeding if such person acted in good faith
and in a manner such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to
the best interests of the Corporation, and, with respect to any criminal
action or proceeding, such person had no reasonable cause to believe his
or her conduct was unlawful. The termination of any action, suit or
proceeding by judgment, order, settlement, conviction, or upon a plea of
nolo contendere or its equivalent, shall not, of itself, create a
presumption that such person did not act in good faith and in a manner
which such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best
interests of the Corporation, and, with respect to any criminal action or
proceeding, had reasonable cause to believe that his or her conduct was
unlawful.
Section 2. Power to Indemnify in Actions, Suits or Proceedings
by or in the Right of the Corporation. Subject to Section 3 of this
Article VIII, the Corporation shall indemnify any person who was or is a
party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or
completed action or suit by or in the right of the Corporation to procure
a judgment in its favor by reason of the fact that such person is or was a
director or officer of the Corporation, or is or was a director or officer
of the Corporation serving at the request of the Corporation as a
director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership,
joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise, against
expenses (including attorneys' fees) actually and reasonably incurred by
such person in connection with the defense or settlement of such action or
suit if such person acted in good faith and in a manner such person
reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the
Corporation; except that no indemnification shall be made in respect of
any claim, issue or matter as to which such person shall have been
adjudged to be liable to the Corporation unless and only to the extent
that the Court of Chancery or the court in which such action or suit was
brought shall determine upon application that, despite the adjudication of
liability but in view of all the circumstances of the case, such person is
fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for such expenses which the
Court of Chancery or such other court shall deem proper.
Section 3. Authorization of Indemnification. Any indemnification
under this Article VIII (unless ordered by a court) shall be made by the
Corporation only as authorized in the specific case upon a determination
that indemnification of the director or officer is proper in the
circumstances because such person has met the applicable standard of
conduct set forth in Section 1 or Section 2 of this Article VIII, as the
case may be. Such determination shall be made, with respect to a person
who is a director or officer at the time of such determination, (i) by a
majority vote of the directors who are not parties to such action, suit or
proceeding, even though less than a quorum, or (ii) by a committee of such
directors designated by a majority vote of such directors, even though
less than a quorum, or (iii) if there are no such directors, or if such
directors so direct, by independent legal counsel in a written opinion or
(iv) by the stockholders. Such determination shall be made, with respect
to former directors and officers, by any person or persons having the
authority to act on the matter on behalf of the Corporation. To the
extent, however, that a present or former director or officer of the
Corporation has been successful on the merits or otherwise in defense of
any action, suit or proceeding described above, or in defense of any
claim, issue or matter therein, such person shall be indemnified against
expenses (including attorneys' fees) actually and reasonably incurred by
such person in connection therewith, without the necessity of
authorization in the specific case.
Section 4. Good Faith Defined. For purposes of any determination
under Section 3 of this Article VIII, a person shall be deemed to have
acted in good faith and in a manner such person reasonably believed to be
in or not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation, or, with
respect to any criminal action or proceeding, to have had no reasonable
cause to believe his or her conduct was unlawful, if such person's action
is based on the records or books of account of the Corporation or another
enterprise, or on information supplied to such person by the officers of
the Corporation or another enterprise in the course of their duties, or on
the advice of legal counsel for the Corporation or another enterprise or
on information or records given or reports made to the Corporation or
another enterprise by an independent certified public accountant or by an
appraiser or other expert selected with reasonable care by the Corporation
or another enterprise. The term "another enterprise" as used in this
Section 4 shall mean any other corporation or any partnership, joint
venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise of which such
person is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director,
officer, employee or agent. The provisions of this Section 4 shall not be
deemed to be exclusive or to limit in any way the circumstances in which a
person may be deemed to have met the applicable standard of conduct set
forth in Section 1 or 2 of this Article VIII, as the case may be.
Section 5. Indemnification by a Court. Notwithstanding any
contrary determination in the specific case under Section 3 of this
Article VIII, and notwithstanding the absence of any determination
thereunder, any director or officer may apply to the Court of Chancery of
the State of Delaware for indemnification to the extent otherwise
permissible under Sections 1 and 2 of this Article VIII. The basis of such
indemnification by a court shall be a determination by such court that
indemnification of the director or officer is proper in the circumstances
because such person has met the applicable standards of conduct set forth
in Section 1 or 2 of this Article VIII, as the case may be. Neither a
contrary determination in the specific case under Section 3 of this
Article VIII nor the absence of any determination thereunder shall be a
defense to such application or create a presumption that the director or
officer seeking indemnification has not met any applicable standard of
conduct. Notice of any application for indemnification pursuant to this
Section 5 shall be given to the Corporation promptly upon the filing of
such application. If successful, in whole or in part, the director or
officer seeking indemnification shall also be entitled to be paid the
expense of prosecuting such application.
Section 6. Expenses Payable in Advance. Expenses incurred by a
director or officer in defending or investigating a threatened or pending
action, suit or proceeding shall be paid by the Corporation in advance of
the final disposition of such action, suit or proceeding upon receipt of
an undertaking by or on behalf of such director or officer to repay such
amount if it shall ultimately be determined that such person is not
entitled to be indemnified by the Corporation as authorized in this
Article VIII.
Section 7. Nonexclusivity of Indemnification and Advancement of
Expenses. The indemnification and advancement of expenses provided by or
granted pursuant to this Article VIII shall not be deemed exclusive of any
other rights to which those seeking indemnification or advancement of
expenses may be entitled under the Certificate of Incorporation or any By-
Law, agreement, contract, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors
or pursuant to the direction (howsoever embodied) of any court of
competent jurisdiction or otherwise, both as to action in such person's
official capacity and as to action in another capacity while holding such
office, it being the policy of the Corporation that indemnification of the
persons specified in Section 1 and 2 of this Article VIII shall be made to
the fullest extent permitted by law. The provisions of this Article VIII
shall not be deemed to preclude the indemnification of any person who is
not specified in Section 1 or 2 of this Article VIII but whom the
Corporation has the power or obligation to indemnify under the provisions
of the GCL, or otherwise.
Section 8. Insurance. The Corporation may purchase and maintain
insurance on behalf of any person who is or was a director or officer of
the Corporation, or is or was a director or officer of the Corporation
serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee
or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust,
employee benefit plan or other enterprise against any liability asserted
against such person and incurred by such person in any such capacity, or
arising out of such person's status as such, whether or not the
Corporation would have the power or the obligation to indemnify such
person against such liability under the provisions of this Article VIII.
Section 9. Certain Definitions. For purposes of this Article
VIII, references to "the Corporation" shall include, in addition to the
resulting corporation, any constituent corporation (including any
constituent of a constituent) absorbed in a consolidation or merger which,
if its separate existence had continued, would have had power and
authority to indemnify its directors or officers, so that any person who
is or was a director or officer of such constituent corporation, or is or
was a director or officer of such constituent corporation serving at the
request of such constituent corporation as a director, officer, employee
or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust,
employee benefit plan or other enterprise, shall stand in the same
position under the provisions of this Article VIII with respect to the
resulting or surviving corporation as such person would have with respect
to such constituent corporation if its separate existence had continued.
For purposes of this Article VIII, references to "fines" shall include any
excise taxes assessed on a person with respect to an employee benefit
plan; and references to "serving at the request of the Corporation" shall
include any service as a director, officer, employee or agent of the
Corporation which imposes duties on, or involves services by, such
director or officer with respect to an employee benefit plan, its
participants or beneficiaries; and a person who acted in good faith and in
a manner such person reasonably believed to be in the interest of the
participants and beneficiaries of an employee benefit plan shall be deemed
to have acted in a manner "not opposed to the best interests of the
Corporation" as referred to in this Article VIII.
Section 10. Survival of Indemnification and Advancement of
Expenses. The indemnification and advancement of expenses provided by, or
granted pursuant to, this Article VIII shall, unless otherwise provided
when authorized or ratified, continue as to a person who has ceased to be
a director or officer and shall inure to the benefit of the heirs,
executors and administrators of such a person.
Section 11. Limitation on Indemnification. Notwithstanding
anything contained in this Article VIII to the contrary, except for
proceedings to enforce rights to indemnification (which shall be governed
by Section 5 hereof), the Corporation shall not be obligated to indemnify
any director or officer (or his or her heirs, executors or personal or
legal representatives) or advance expenses in connection with a proceeding
(or part thereof) initiated by such person unless such proceeding (or part
thereof) was authorized or consented to by the Board of Directors of the
Corporation.
Section 12. Indemnification of Employees and Agents. The
Corporation may, to the extent authorized from time to time by the Board
of Directors, provide rights to indemnification and to the advancement of
expenses to employees and agents of the Corporation similar to those
conferred in this Article VIII to directors and officers of the
Corporation.
ARTICLE IX
AMENDMENTS
Section 1. A mendments. These By-Laws may be altered, amended or
repealed, in whole or in part, or new By-Laws may be adopted by the
stockholders or by the Board of Directors, provided, however, that notice
of such alteration, amendment, repeal or adoption of new By-Laws be
contained in the notice of such meeting of stockholders or Board of
Directors as the case may be. All such amendments must be approved by
either the holders of a majority of the outstanding capital stock entitled
to vote thereon or by a majority of the entire Board of Directors.
Section 2. Entire Board of Directors. As used in this Article IX
and in these By-Laws generally, the term "entire Board of Directors" means
the total number of directors which the Corporation would have if there
were no vacancies.
* * *
Adopted as of: November 17, 1999