NATIONAL COMPUTER SYSTEMS INC
8-A12G/A, 1996-03-14
COMPUTER PERIPHERAL EQUIPMENT, NEC
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                       SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
                             Washington, D.C. 20549

                                 Amendment No. 2
                                       on
                                   FORM 8-A/A


                For Registration of Certain Classes of Securities
                    Pursuant to Section 12(b) or 12(g) of the
                         Securities Exchange Act of 1934


                         NATIONAL COMPUTER SYSTEMS, INC.
             (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


               Minnesota                               41-0850527
(State of incorporation or organization)   (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)


 11000 Prairie Lakes Drive, Eden Prairie, Minnesota        55344
 (Address of principal executive offices)                (Zip Code)

If this Form relates to the  registration  of a class of debt  securities and is
effective upon filing pursuant to General Instruction A.(c)(1), please check the
following box. [ ]

If this Form relates to the registration of a class of debt securities and is to
become  effective   simultaneously   with  the  effectiveness  of  a  concurrent
registration  statement  under the  Securities  Act of 1933  pursuant to General
Instruction A.(c)(2), please check the following box. [ ]


Securities to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class                              Name of each exchange on which
to be so registered                              each class is to be registered

       None                                                   None

Securities to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

            Rights to Purchase Series A Participating Preferred Stock
                                (Title of class)




<PAGE>


Item 1. Description of Registrant's Securities to be Registered.

                  The response to Item 1 of the  Registration  Statement on Form
8-A of National Computer Systems, Inc. (the "Company"),  dated June 27, 1989, as
amended by Amendment  No. 1 thereto dated  September 8, 1989, is hereby  further
amended by adding the following paragraphs and the attached exhibit.

                  On March 4, 1996, the Company amended and restated the Amended
and Restated  Rights  Agreement  between the Company and Norwest Bank Minnesota,
N.A.,  as Rights  Agent  (the  "Rights  Agent"),  dated as of June 23,  1987 and
amended and  restated as of August 21, 1989 (the "Prior  Agreement").  Described
below are the more  significant  amendments  set forth in the Second Amended and
Restated Rights Agreement,  a copy of which is attached hereto as Exhibit 1 (the
"Amended  Agreement").  The Amended Agreement sets forth the description and the
terms of the rights  (the  "Rights")  held by holders  of the  Company's  common
stock,  par  value  $.03  per  share  (the  "Common  Stock"),  to  purchase  one
one-hundredth  of one share of the Company's  Series A  Participating  Preferred
Stock (the "Preferred  Stock").  Capitalized  terms used in the summary have the
meanings given to them in the Amended Agreement.

                  Sections  1(a),   3(a)(ii)  and   11(a)(ii)(A)  of  the  Prior
Agreement  were  amended to reduce from 20% to 15% the  percentage  ownership of
outstanding Common Stock required for an "Acquiring Person."

                  Section 7(a) of the Prior  Agreement was amended to change the
Final Expiration Date from July 6, 1997 to July 6, 2002.

                  A new Section 22A was added to the Prior  Agreement to include
an exchange  feature,  whereby the Board of  Directors of the Company (at a time
when a  majority  of the  members of the Board of  Directors  then  serving  are
Continuing  Directors) may, at its option, at any time after a Section 11(a)(ii)
Event,  exchange  all or part of the then  outstanding  and  exercisable  Rights
(which shall not include Rights that have become void pursuant to the provisions
of Section 7(e)) for Common Stock.

                  The definition of an Acquiring  Person in the Prior  Agreement
was changed to add an exception  with respect to an offer  approved by the Board
of Directors.

                  The definition of an Adverse Person in the Prior Agreement was
changed by requiring  that a person be declared an Adverse Person and thereafter
purchase  additional  shares (to increase its Beneficial  Ownership by more than
0.01%).

                  Exhibit B of the  Agreement was amended to reflect the various
changes in the Amended Agreement.

                  The foregoing  description  of the Amended  Agreement does not
purport to be complete  and is  qualified  in its  entirety by  reference to the
Amended Agreement, which is incorporated herein by reference.


Item 2. Exhibits.

         1.       Second  Amended  and  Restated  Rights  Agreement  between the
                  Company and Norwest Bank Minnesota, N.A., amended and restated
                  as of March 4, 1996,  including  the Amended and Restated Form
                  of Right Certificate attached as Exhibit B thereto.



<PAGE>


Signature

                  Pursuant to the  requirements  of Section 12 of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this amendment to be signed
on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.


Dated: March 13, 1996

                                          NATIONAL COMPUTER SYSTEMS, INC.



                                          By: /s/ J.W. Fenton, Jr.
                                              J.W. Fenton, Jr.
                                              Secretary and Treasurer



<PAGE>


                                INDEX TO EXHIBITS

         Exhibits


             1. Second Amended and Restated Rights Agreement between the Company
                and Norwest Bank  Minnesota,  N.A.,  amended and  restated as of
                March 4, 1996, including the  Amended and Restated Form of Right
                Certificate attached as Exhibit B thereto



                                                                     EXHIBIT 1







==============================================================================







                           SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED
                                RIGHTS AGREEMENT





                         NATIONAL COMPUTER SYSTEMS, INC.

                                       and

                          NORWEST BANK MINNESOTA, N.A.,
                                  Rights Agent







=============================================================================









<PAGE>
                                TABLE OF CONTENTS

                                                                        Page

Section 1.   Certain Definitions .........................................1

Section 2.   Appointment of Rights Agent .................................2

Section 3.   Issuance of Right Certificates ..............................6

Section 4.   Form of Right Certificates ..................................7

Section 5.   Countersignature and Registration ...........................8

Section 6.   Transfer, Split Up, Combination and
                 Exchange of Right Certificates; Lost, Stolen,
                 Destroyed or Mutilated Right Certificates ...............8

Section 7.   Exercise of Rights; Purchase Price; Expiration
                 Date of Rights ..........................................9

Section 8.   Cancellation and Destruction of Right Certificates .........11

Section 9.   Reservation and Availability of Shares of Capital Stock.....12

Section 10.  Preferred Stock Record Date ................................13

Section 11.  Adjustment of Purchase Price, Number and
                 Kind of Shares or Number of Rights .....................13

Section 12.  Certificate of Adjusted Purchase Price or
                 Number of Shares .......................................23

Section 13.  Consolidation Merger or Sale or Transfer of
                 Assets or Earning Power ................................23

Section 14.  Fractional Rights and Fractional Shares ....................26

Section 15.  Rights of Action ...........................................27

Section 16.  Agreement of Right Holders .................................28

Section 17.  Right Certificate Holder Not Deemed a Shareholder ..........28

Section 18.  Concerning the Rights Agent ................................29

Section 19.  Merger or Consolidation or Change of
                 Name of Rights Agent ...................................29

Section 20.  Duties of Rights Agent .....................................30

Section 21.  Change of Rights Agent .....................................32

Section 22.  Issuance of New Right Certificates .........................33

Section 22A  Exchange ...................................................33

Section 23.  Redemption .................................................35

Section 24.  Notice of Certain Events ...................................36

Section 25.  Notices ....................................................36

Section 26.  Supplements and Amendments .................................37

Section 27.  Successors .................................................38

Section 28.  Benefits of this Agreement .................................38

Section 29.  Administration and Interpretation by Directors .............38

Section 30.  Severability ...............................................38

Section 31.  Governing Law ..............................................39

Section 32.  Counterparts ...............................................39

Section 33.  Descriptive Headings .......................................39

Section 34.  Costs of Enforcement .......................................39

SIGNATURES ..............................................................40


Exhibit A--Certificate of Designations of Series A
           Participating Preferred Stock ................................A-1
Exhibit B--Form of Rights Certificate ...................................B-1

<PAGE>




                                RIGHTS AGREEMENT



                  Agreement between National Computer Systems, Inc., a Minnesota
corporation  (the  "Company"),  and Norwest  Bank  Minnesota,  N.A.,  a national
banking  association,  as Rights  Agent (the  "Rights  Agent")  as  amended  and
restated as of March 4, 1996.


                               W I T N E S S E T H

                  WHEREAS,  on June 23, 1987 (the "Rights  Dividend  Declaration
Date"),  the Board of Directors of the Company (as the composition of such Board
of Directors may change from time to time, the "Board of Directors")  authorized
and declared a dividend of one Right (as hereinafter  defined) for each share of
Common  Stock,  par value $.03 per share,  of the Company (the  "Common  Stock")
outstanding  at the Close of Business (as  hereinafter  defined) on July 6, 1987
(the  "Record  Date") and  authorized  the issuance of one Right with respect to
each share of Common Stock (as such number may hereafter be adjusted pursuant to
the  provisions of Section 11) issued between the Record Date and the earlier of
the  Distribution  Date and the  Expiration  Date (as such terms are  defined in
Sections  3 and  7,  respectively),  each  Right  (individually  a  "Right"  and
collectively  the  "Rights")  initially  representing  the right to purchase one
one-hundredth of a share of Preferred Stock (as hereinafter  defined),  upon the
terms and subject to the conditions hereinafter set forth; and

                  WHEREAS, on August 21, 1989, the Board of Directors determined
to amend and restate the  Agreement as permitted by Section  26(iv) and directed
the Rights Agent to enter into an Amended and Restated Agreement; and

                  WHEREAS,  on March 4, 1996, the Board of Directors  determined
to amend and restate the  Agreement as permitted by Section  26(iv) and directed
the Rights Agent to enter into this Second Amended and Restated Agreement.

                  NOW,  THEREFORE,  in  consideration  of the  premises  and the
mutual agreements herein set forth, the parties hereby agree as follows:

                  Section  1.  Certain   Definitions.   For  purposes  of  this 
Agreement, the following terms have the meanings indicated:


<PAGE>


                           (a)  "Acquiring  Person" shall mean any Person who or
         which,  alone or together with all  Affiliates  and  Associates of such
         Person,  shall be the Beneficial  Owner of 15% or more of the shares of
         Common Stock then outstanding,  but shall not include the Company,  any
         Subsidiary of the Company,  any employee benefit plan of the Company or
         of any Subsidiary of the Company or any entity holding shares of Common
         Stock organized, appointed or established for, or pursuant to the terms
         of, any such plan, or a Person acquiring  Beneficial Ownership pursuant
         to an Approved Offer.  For purposes of this Agreement,  any calculation
         of the number of shares of Common Stock  outstanding  at any particular
         time,  including for purposes of determining the particular  percentage
         of such  outstanding  shares of Common Stock of which any Person is the
         Beneficial Owner, shall be made in accordance with the last sentence of
         Rule  13d-3(d)(1)(i)  of the General  Rules and  Regulations  under the
         Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as in effect on the Rights
         Dividend Declaration Date (the "Exchange Act").

                           (b) "Adverse  Person" shall mean any Person  declared
         by at least a majority of the Continuing Directors,  or if there are no
         Continuing Directors, at least a majority of the Board of Directors, to
         be an  Adverse  Person in  accordance  with the  provisions  in Section
         11(a)(ii) which thereafter  increases its Beneficial  Ownership by more
         than 0.01%.

                           (c)  "Affiliate"  and  "Associate"   shall  have  the
         respective meanings ascribed to such terms in Rule 12b-2 of the General
         Rules and Regulations under the Exchange Act.

                           (d) "Approved  Offer" shall mean a tender offer or an
         exchange  offer for all  outstanding  Common  Stock of the Company at a
         price and on terms determined by the Board of Directors of the Company,
         at a time when a majority of the members of the Board of Directors then
         serving are Continuing Directors and after receiving advice from one or
         more investment  banking firms, to be (a) fair to shareholders  (taking
         into account all factors that the Board of  Directors  deems  relevant)
         and  (b)  otherwise  in the  best  interests  of the  Company  and  its
         shareholders  and which the Board of Directors  determines to recommend
         to the shareholders of the Company.

                           (e) A Person  shall be deemed  the "Beneficial Owner"
         of, and shall be deemed to "beneficially own", any securities:

                                   (i) which such Person or any of such Person's
                  Affiliates or Associates, directly or indirectly, has

                                            (A) the  right to  acquire  (whether
                           such right is  exercisable  immediately or only after
                           the  passage  of  time)  pursuant  to any  agreement,
                           arrangement  or  understanding  (whether  or  not  in
                           writing)  other than  customary  agreements  with and
                           among  underwriters  and selling  group  members with
                           respect to a bona fide public offering of securities,
                           or upon the exercise of conversion  rights,  exchange
                           rights,  rights  (other  than the  Rights at any time
                           prior to the occurrence of a Section  11(a)(ii) Event
                           but  thereafter  including  Rights  acquired  by such
                           Person  from and after the  Distribution  Date  other
                           than Rights acquired by such Person directly from the
                           Company  pursuant to Section 3(a) or Rights  acquired
                           by such Person upon  adjustments  under Section 11 or
                           Section  22  to  Rights  that  would  not  be  deemed
                           hereunder to be  beneficially  owned by such Person),
                           warrants or options, or otherwise; provided, however,
                           that a Person  shall  not be  deemed  the  Beneficial
                           Owner  of, or to  beneficially  own,  any  securities
                           tendered  pursuant to a tender or exchange offer made
                           by or on  behalf  of  such  Person  or  any  of  such
                           Person's Affiliates or Associates until such tendered
                           securities are accepted for purchase or exchange; or

                                            (B) (1) the right to vote or dispose
                           of  or  (2)  the   "beneficial   ownership"   of  (as
                           determined  pursuant  to Rule  13d-3  of the  General
                           Rules and  Regulations  under the  Exchange  Act) and
                           including   without   limitation   pursuant   to  any
                           agreement,  arrangement or understanding  (whether or
                           not in writing) other than customary  agreements with
                           and among underwriters and selling group members with
                           respect to a bona fide public offering of securities;
                           provided,  however, that a Person shall not be deemed
                           the Beneficial Owner of, or to beneficially  own, any
                           securities   if   the   agreement,   arrangement   or
                           understanding  to vote  such  securities  (x)  arises
                           solely  from a  revocable  proxy or consent  given to
                           such  Person or any of such  Person's  Affiliates  or
                           Associates in response to a public proxy solicitation
                           made  pursuant  to,  and  in  accordance   with,  the
                           applicable  rules and regulations  under the Exchange
                           Act  and  (y) is not  also  then  reportable  by such
                           Person on Schedule 13D under the Exchange Act (or any
                           comparable or successor report) as being beneficially
                           owned by such Person; or

                                    (ii) which are beneficially owned,  directly
                  or  indirectly,  by any  other  Person  (or any  Affiliate  or
                  Associate  thereof)  with  which  such  Person (or any of such
                  Person's   Affiliates  or   Associates)   has  any  agreement,
                  arrangement  or  understanding  (whether  or not in  writing),
                  other than customary  agreements  with and among  underwriters
                  and selling  group  members with respect to a bona fide public
                  offering of securities, for the purpose of acquiring, holding,
                  voting (except pursuant to a revocable proxy that does not, as
                  a result of the proviso to clause (i)(B) of this Section l(e),
                  cause the  holder  thereof  to be deemed to be the  beneficial
                  owner of such  securities  under clause (i)(B) of this Section
                  l(e)) or disposing of any voting securities of the Company.

         Notwithstanding  anything in this definition of Beneficial Ownership to
         the contrary,  the phrase "then  outstanding," when used with reference
         to a Person's Beneficial Ownership of securities of the Company,  shall
         mean the number of such securities then issued and outstanding together
         with the number of such securities not then actually  outstanding which
         such Person is deemed to beneficially own hereunder.

                           (f)  "Business  Day"  shall mean any day other than a
         Saturday,  a Sunday or a day on which banking institutions in the State
         of  New  York  or  Minnesota  are  authorized  or  obligated  by law or
         executive order to close.

                           (g) "Close of  Business" on any given date shall mean
         5:00  P.M.,  Minneapolis,  Minnesota  time,  on  such  date;  provided,
         however,  that if such date is not a  Business  Day it shall  mean 5:00
         P.M., Minneapolis, Minnesota time, on the nest succeeding Business Day.

                           (h) "Common  Stock",  unless used with reference to a
         Person other than the Company,  shall mean the shares of Common  Stock,
         par value $.03 per share (as such par value may be changed from time to
         time), of the Company.  "Common Stock", when used with reference to any
         Person  other than the  Company,  shall mean the capital  stock of such
         Person with the greatest  voting  power,  or the equity  securities  or
         other equity  interest having power to control or direct the management
         of such Person or, if such Person is a  Subsidiary  of another  Person,
         the Person or Persons  that  ultimately  control  such  first-mentioned
         Person.

                           (i)  "Continuing  Director" shall mean any Person who
         is a member of the Board of Directors of the Company, while such Person
         is a member of the Board of Directors,  who is not an Acquiring  Person
         or Adverse Person,  or an Affiliate or Associate of an Acquiring Person
         or  Adverse  Person,  or a  representative  of an  Acquiring  Person or
         Adverse  Person or of any such  Affiliate or  Associate,  and who was a
         member of the Board of  Directors  on the Rights  Dividend  Declaration
         Date.  A  "Continuing   Director"   shall  also  mean  any  Person  who
         subsequently  becomes a member of the Board of  Directors,  while  such
         Person is a member of the Board of  Directors,  who is not an Acquiring
         Person or Adverse Person,  or an Affiliate or Associate of an Acquiring
         Person or Adverse Person, or a representative of an Acquiring Person or
         Adverse Person or of any such Affiliate or Associate,  if such Person's
         initial  nomination  for  election or initial  election to the Board of
         Directors is  recommended  or approved by a majority of the  Continuing
         Directors.  For the purpose of determining who is a Continuing Director
         with  respect  to any  determination  of whether a Person is an Adverse
         Person in accordance with Section 11(a)(ii),  the term "Adverse Person"
         as used in this definition shall mean such Person.

                           (j)  "Distribution  Date" shall  have the meaning set
         forth in Section 3.

                           (k)  "Expiration  Date" shall  have  the  meaning set
         forth in Section 7.

                           (l)  "Final  Expiration Date" shall  have the meaning
         set forth in Section 7.

                           (m)  "Person"  shall  mean  any   individual,   firm,
         corporation or other entity, and shall include any successor (by merger
         or otherwise) of such entity.

                           (n)  "Preferred  Stock" shall mean shares of Series A
         Participating Preferred Stock, par value $.01 per share, of the Company
         having  the  rights,  powers and  preferences  set forth in the form of
         Certificate of Designations attached hereto as Exhibit A.

                           (o)  "Section 11 (a)(ii)  Event" shall mean any event
         described in clauses (A) or (B) of Section 11(a)(ii).

                           (p)  "Section 13  Event"  shall  mean  any  event 
         described in clauses (x), (y) or (z) of Section 13(a).

                           (q)  "Stock  Acquisition  Date"  shall mean the first
         date of public  announcement  (which,  for purposes of this definition,
         shall include,  without limitation,  a report filed pursuant to Section
         13(d) of the  Exchange  Act) by the  Company  or any  Person  that such
         Person has become an Acquiring Person.

                           (r)  "Subsidiary"  shall mean,  with reference to any
         Person,  any  corporation  or other  entity of which a majority  of the
         voting power of the voting equity  securities or other equity  interest
         entitled  to  vote  in the  election  of  directors  (or  Persons  with
         comparable   responsibilities  if  the  entity  has  no  directors)  is
         beneficially owned, directly or indirectly, by such Person.

                  Section 2.  Appointment  of Rights Agent.  The Company  hereby
appoints the Rights Agent to act as agent for the Company and the holders of the
Rights (who,  in  accordance  with Section 3, shall,  prior to the  Distribution
Date,  also be the holders of the Common Stock) in accordance with the terms and
conditions  hereof,  and the Rights Agent hereby accepts such  appointment.  The
Company  may from  time to time  appoint  such  Co-Rights  Agents as it may deem
necessary or desirable.

                  Section 3.  Issuance of Right Certificates.

                  (a)      Until the earlier of

                           (i)  the Close of Business on the fifteenth day after
         the first Stock Acquisition Date, or

                           (ii) the Close of Business on the fifteenth day after
         the date that a tender or exchange  offer by any Person (other than the
         Company,  any Subsidiary of the Company or any employee benefit plan of
         the Company or of any  Subsidiary of the Company or any entity  holding
         shares of Common  Stock  organized,  appointed or  established  for, or
         pursuant to the terms of, any such plan) is first commenced (within the
         meaning of Rule 14d-2(a) of the General Rules and Regulations under the
         Exchange Act), if, upon the consummation  thereof, such Person would be
         the Beneficial Owner of 15% or more of the then  outstanding  shares of
         Common Stock, or

                           (iii)  the Close of  Business  on the  fifteenth  day
         after the date on which a majority of the  Continuing  Directors (or if
         there are no Continuing Directors,  the Board of Directors) declare any
         person to be an Adverse  Person  pursuant to the  provisions of Section
         11(a)(ii)

(the earlier of such dates  described in clauses (i), (ii) or (iii) being herein
referred  to as the  "Distribution  Date"),  (x) the  Rights  will be  evidenced
(subject  to  the  provisions  of  paragraph  (b)  of  this  Section  3) by  the
certificates  for Common Stock  registered  in the names of the holders  thereof
(which  certificates  for  Common  Stock  shall  also  be  deemed  to  be  Right
Certificates)  and not by  separate  Right  Certificates,  and (y) the  right to
receive Right  Certificates  will be  transferable  only in connection  with the
transfer of the underlying  shares of Common Stock  (including a transfer to the
Company).  Subject to the provisions of Section 7(e), as promptly as practicable
following the  Distribution  Date,  the Rights Agent will send, by  first-class,
postage  prepaid  mail, to each record holder of Common Stock as of the Close of
Business on the  Distribution  Date,  at the address of such holder shown on the
records of the Company,  one or more Right  Certificates,  in substantially  the
form of Exhibit B hereto (as amended  and  restated),  evidencing  one Right for
each  share of Common  Stock so held.  In the event  that an  adjustment  in the
number of Rights per share of Common Stock has been made pursuant to Section 11,
at the time Right  Certificates are distributed,  the Company may, to the extent
provided  in  Section  14(a),  make  the  necessary  and  appropriate   rounding
adjustments  (as set forth in  Section  14(a)) so that  Right  Certificates  are
distributed  representing  only whole numbers of Rights and cash is paid in lieu
of  fractional   Rights  pursuant  to  Section  14(a).  As  of,  and  after  the
Distribution   Date,  the  Rights  will  be  evidenced   solely  by  such  Right
Certificates.

                  (b) Rights  shall be issued in respect of all shares of Common
Stock  which are issued  after the Record  Date but prior to the  earlier of the
Distribution  Date or the Expiration Date.  Certificates for Common Stock issued
after the date of the amendment and  restatement  of this Agreement but prior to
the  earlier  of  the  Distribution  Date  or the  Expiration  Date  shall  bear
substantially the following legend:

                  This certificate also evidences and entitles the holder hereof
                  to  certain  Rights  as set  forth  in a  Second  Amended  and
                  Restated Rights Agreement  between National  Computer Systems,
                  Inc. (the "Company") and Norwest Bank Minnesota, N.A. dated as
                  of March 4, 1996 (the "Rights Agreement"),  the terms of which
                  (including  restrictions  on the  transfer of such Rights) are
                  hereby incorporated herein by reference and a copy of which is
                  on file at the  principal  executive  office  of the  Company.
                  Under  certain  circumstances,  as set  forth  in  the  Rights
                  Agreement,   such  Rights  will  be   evidenced   by  separate
                  certificates   and  will  no  longer  be   evidenced  by  this
                  certificate.  The  Company  will  mail to the  holder  of this
                  certificate  a copy of the Rights  Agreement,  as in effect on
                  the date of mailing, without charge after receipt of a written
                  request therefor from such holder. Under certain circumstances
                  set forth in the Rights Agreement, Rights issued to or held by
                  any Person who is,  was or becomes an  Acquiring  Person or an
                  Adverse Person or any Affiliate or Associate  thereof (as such
                  terms are defined in the Rights  Agreement) and any subsequent
                  holder of such Rights,  whether currently held by or on behalf
                  of such Person or any subsequent  holder,  may become null and
                  void.

With  respect  to such  certificates  containing  the  foregoing  legend (or the
similar legend in effect after the Rights Dividend Declaration Date and prior to
the date of the amendment and restatement of this  Agreement)  until the earlier
of the Distribution  Date or the Expiration Date, the Rights associated with the
Common  Stock  represented  by such  certificates  shall  be  evidenced  by such
certificates  alone,  the  registered  holders of Common Stock shall also be the
registered  holders  of the  associated  Rights,  and the  transfer  of any such
certificate shall also constitute the transfer of the Rights associated with the
Common Stock represented by such certificates.

                  Section 4. Form of Right Certificates.  The Right Certificates
(and the forms of election to exercise  and of  assignment  to be printed on the
reverse  thereof)  shall be in  substantially  the form of  Exhibit B hereto (as
amended and restated) and may have such marks of  identification  or designation
and such legends,  summaries or endorsements  printed thereon as the Company may
deem  appropriate  and as are  not  inconsistent  with  the  provisions  of this
Agreement,  or as may be required to comply with any  applicable law or with any
rule or regulation  made pursuant  thereto or with any rule or regulation of any
stock  exchange  on which  the  Rights  may from time to time be  listed,  or to
conform to usage. Subject to the provisions of Sections 11, 14 and 22, the Right
Certificates, whenever distributed, shall be dated as of the Record Date, and on
their face shall  entitle  the holders  thereof to  purchase  such number of one
one-hundredths  of a share of Preferred  Stock as shall be set forth  therein at
the price set forth  therein (such  exercise  price per one  one-hundredth  of a
share being hereinafter referred to as the "Purchase Price"), but the amount and
type of securities  purchasable upon the exercise of such right and the Purchase
Price  payable upon such  exercise  shall be subject to  adjustment  as provided
herein.  As provided in Section 7(e) hereof,  certain Rights  Certificates  will
contain the legend provided for therein.

                  Section 5. Countersignature and Registration.

                  (a) The Right  Certificates shall be executed on behalf of the
Company,  unless  otherwise  determined by the Board of Directors,  by its Chief
Executive  Officer,  President  or any Vice  President,  either  manually  or by
facsimile signature.  The Right Certificates shall be manually  countersigned by
the Rights Agent and shall not be valid for any purpose unless so countersigned.
In case any  officer of the  Company  who shall have  signed or whose  facsimile
signature shall appear on any of the Right  Certificates  shall cease to be such
officer of the Company before  countersignature by the Rights Agent and issuance
and delivery by the  Company,  such Right  Certificates  may,  nevertheless,  be
countersigned  by the Rights Agent and issued and  delivered by the Company with
the  same  force  and  effect  as  though  the  person  who  signed  such  Right
Certificates  had not ceased to be such  officer of the  Company;  and any Right
Certificate  may be signed on behalf of the  Company by any person  who,  at the
actual date of the signing of such Right Certificate,  shall be a proper officer
of the  Company  to sign such  Right  Certificate,  although  at the date of the
execution of this Rights Agreement such person was not such an officer.

                  (b) Following  the  Distribution  Date,  the Rights Agent will
keep or cause to be kept, at its offices in  Minneapolis,  Minnesota,  books for
registration and transfer of the Right Certificates issued hereunder. Such books
shall  show the names  and  addresses  of the  respective  holders  of the Right
Certificates,  the number of Rights  evidenced  on its face by each of the Right
Certificates and the date of each of the Right Certificates.

                  Section 6.  Transfer,  Split Up,  Combination and  Exchange of
Right Certificates; Lost, Stolen, Destroyed or Mutilated Right Certificates.

                  (a) Subject to the  provisions of Section 7(e) and Section 14,
at any time after the Close of  Business  on the  Distribution  Date,  and at or
prior to the Close of Business on the Expiration Date, any Right  Certificate or
Right  Certificates  may be  transferred,  split up,  combined or exchanged  for
another Right  Certificate  or Right  Certificates,  evidencing a like number of
Rights and  entitling  the  registered  holder to  purchase a like number of one
one-hundredth shares of Preferred Stock (or following a Section 11(a)(ii) Event,
other  securities,  cash or assets, as the case may be) as the Right Certificate
or Right  Certificates  surrendered  then evidenced and entitled such holder (or
former  holder in the case of a transfer) to  purchase.  Any  registered  holder
desiring to transfer,  split up,  combine or exchange any Right  Certificate  or
Right  Certificates  shall make such request in writing  delivered to the Rights
Agent,  and shall  surrender the Right  Certificate or Right  Certificates to be
transferred,  split up,  combined or  exchanged  at the office or offices of the
Rights  Agent  designated  for such  purpose.  Neither the Rights  Agent nor the
Company  shall be  obligated to take any action  whatsoever  with respect to the
transfer of any such surrendered  Right  Certificate until the registered holder
shall have duly  completed  and executed the form of  assignment  on the reverse
side of such Right Certificate and shall have provided such additional  evidence
of the  identity  of the  Beneficial  Owner  (or  former  Beneficial  Owner)  or
Affiliates  or  Associates  thereof as the  Company  shall  reasonably  request.
Thereupon  the Rights  Agent shall,  subject to Section  7(e),  countersign  and
deliver  to  the  Person   entitled   thereto  a  Right   Certificate  or  Right
Certificates,  as the case may be, as so  requested.  The  Company  may  require
payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or governmental  charge that may be
imposed in connection  with any transfer,  split up,  combination or exchange of
Right Certificates.

                  (b)  Upon  receipt  by the  Company  and the  Rights  Agent of
evidence  reasonably  satisfactory  to them of the loss,  theft,  destruction or
mutilation of a Right  Certificate,  and, in case of loss, theft or destruction,
of indemnity or security reasonably  satisfactory to them, and, at the Company's
or the Rights Agent's request, reimbursement to the Company and the Rights Agent
of all reasonable expenses incidental thereto,  and upon surrender to the Rights
Agent and cancellation of the Right  Certificate if mutilated,  the Company will
make and deliver a new Right  Certificate  of like tenor to the Rights Agent for
countersignature  and  delivery  to the  registered  owner in lieu of the  Right
Certificate so lost, stolen, destroyed or mutilated.

                  Section 7. Exercise of Rights; Purchase Price; Expiration Date
of Rights.

                  (a)  Subject to Section  7(e),  the  registered  holder of any
Right Certificate may exercise the Rights evidenced thereby (except as otherwise
provided   herein,   including,   without   limitation,   the   restrictions  on
exercisability set forth in Sections 9(c),  11(a)(iv) and 23(a)), in whole or in
part,  at any time after  later of (i) the  Distribution  Date and (ii) the date
upon which the  Rights are no longer  redeemable,  upon  surrender  of the Right
Certificate,  with the form of election to exercise on the reverse  side thereof
duly completed and executed, to the Rights Agent at the office or offices of the
Rights Agent designated for such purpose,  together with payment of the Purchase
Price for each one  one-hundredths  of a share (or other securities or property,
as the case may be) as to which the Rights  evidenced by such Right  Certificate
are  exercised,  at or prior to the earlier of (i) the Close of Business on July
6, 2002 (the "Final Expiration  Date"), or (ii) the time at which the Rights are
redeemed  as  provided  in Section 23 (such  earlier  of the times  provided  in
clauses (i) and (ii) being herein referred to as the "Expiration Date").

                  (b) The  Purchase  Price for each one  one-hundredth  share of
Preferred Stock acquired  pursuant to the exercise of a Right shall initially be
$55, shall be subject to adjustment from time to time as provided in Sections 11
and 13, and shall be payable in lawful money of the United  States of America in
accordance with paragraph (c) below.

                  (c)  Upon   receipt  of  a  Right   Certificate   representing
exercisable  Rights,  with the form of election to exercise  duly  completed and
executed,  accompanied by payment,  with respect to each Right so exercised,  of
the Purchase Price for each one  one-hundredth of a share of Preferred Stock (or
other securities or property,  as the case may be) to be purchased and an amount
equal to any  applicable  transfer tax in cash,  or by  certified  check or bank
draft  payable to the order of the Company,  the Rights Agent shall,  subject to
Section 20(k),  thereupon promptly (i)(A) requisition from any transfer agent of
the shares of  Preferred  Stock (or make  available,  if the Rights Agent is the
transfer  agent  for such  shares)  certificates  for the  total  number  of one
one-hundredths  of a share of Preferred  Stock to be  purchased  and the Company
hereby  irrevocably  authorizes  its  transfer  agent  to  comply  with all such
requests,  or (B) if the Company  shall have elected to deposit the total number
of shares of Preferred Stock issuable upon exercise of the Rights hereunder with
a depositary  agent,  requisition from the depositary agent depositary  receipts
representing such number of one  one-hundredths of a share of Preferred Stock as
are to be  purchased  (in which case  certificates  for the shares of  Preferred
Stock represented by such receipts shall be deposited by the transfer agent with
the depositary agent) and the Company will direct the depositary agent to comply
with such request,  (ii)  requisition  from the Company the amount of cash to be
paid in lieu of issuance of  fractional  shares in  accordance  with Section 14,
(iii) promptly after receipt of such certificates or depositary receipts,  cause
the same to be delivered to or upon the order of the  registered  holder of such
Right Certificate, registered in such name or names as may be designated by such
holder,  and (iv) promptly after receipt thereof,  deliver such cash, if any, to
or upon the order of the  registered  holder of such Right  Certificate.  If the
Company  determines to issue other  securities  of the Company,  pay cash and/or
distribute other property pursuant to Section  11(a)(iv),  the Company will make
all arrangements  necessary so that such other securities,  cash and/or property
are available for distribution by the Rights Agent, if and when appropriate.

                  (d) In case the  registered  holder of any  Right  Certificate
shall  exercise  less  than  all  the  Rights  evidenced  thereby,  a new  Right
Certificate  evidencing  Rights  equivalent to the Rights remaining  unexercised
shall be issued by the Rights Agent and  delivered to the  registered  holder of
such Right Certificate or to such holder's duly authorized  assigns,  subject to
the provisions of Section 14.

                  (e)   Notwithstanding   anything  in  this  Agreement  to  the
contrary, from and after the occurrence of a Section 11(a)(ii) Event, any Rights
that are or were  beneficially  owned by (i) an  Acquiring  Person,  an  Adverse
Person or an Associate or  Affiliate of an Acquiring  Person or Adverse  Person,
(ii) a transferee of an Acquiring  Person,  an Adverse Person or an Associate or
Affiliate  of an  Acquiring  Person or Adverse  Person who becomes a  transferee
after  the  Acquiring  Person  or  Adverse  Person  becomes  such,  and  (iii) a
transferee  of an  Acquiring  Person,  an  Adverse  Person  or an  Associate  or
Affiliate of an Acquiring Person or Adverse Person or Associate or Affiliate who
becomes a  transferee  prior to or  concurrently  with the  Acquiring  Person or
Adverse Person  becoming such and receives such Rights  pursuant to either (A) a
transfer (whether or not for consideration) from the Acquiring Person or Adverse
Person or Associate or Affiliate to or on behalf of holders of equity  interests
in such  Acquiring  Person or Adverse Person or Associate or Affiliate or to any
Person  with  whom the  Acquiring  Person or  Adverse  Person  or  Associate  or
Affiliate has any continuing agreement,  arrangement or understanding  regarding
the  transferred  Rights or (B) a transfer  which a majority  of the  Continuing
Directors  (or, if there are no  Continuing  Directors,  the Board of Directors)
concludes in good faith  (either  before or after such  transfer) is a part of a
plan,  arrangement  or  understanding  which has as a primary  purpose or effect
avoidance of this Section  7(e),  shall become null and void without any further
action,  and any  holder of such  Rights  shall have no rights  whatsoever  with
respect to such Rights under any provision of this  Agreement or otherwise.  The
Company shall use all  reasonable  efforts to insure that the provisions of this
Section  7(e) are  complied  with,  but shall have no liability to any holder of
Rights as a result of its failure to make any determinations  with respect to an
Acquiring  Person or  Adverse  Person or its  Affiliates  or  Associates  or the
transferees thereof hereunder.

                  (f)   Notwithstanding   anything  in  this  Agreement  to  the
contrary,  neither  the  Rights  Agent nor the  Company  shall be  obligated  to
undertake any action with respect to a registered  holder upon the occurrence of
any  purported  exercise as set forth in this  Section 7 unless such  registered
holder  shall have (i) duly  completed  and  executed  the form of  election  to
purchase set forth on the reverse side of the Right Certificate  surrendered for
such exercise and (ii) provided such additional  evidence of the identity of the
Beneficial  Owner (or  former  Beneficial  Owner) or  Affiliates  or  Associates
thereof as the Company shall reasonably request.

                  Section 8. Cancellation and Destruction of Right Certificates.
All Right Certificates surrendered for the purpose of exercise,  transfer, split
up,  combination or exchange  shall,  if surrendered to the Company or to any of
its agents,  be delivered to the Rights Agent for  cancellation  or in cancelled
form, or, if  surrendered to the Rights Agent,  shall be cancelled by it, and no
Right Certificates shall be issued in lieu thereof except as expressly permitted
by any of the  provisions  of this  Agreement.  The Company shall deliver to the
Rights  Agent for  cancellation  and  retirement,  and the Rights Agent shall so
cancel and retire,  any other  Right  Certificate  purchased  or acquired by the
Company otherwise than upon the exercise thereof. The Rights Agent shall deliver
all  cancelled  Right  Certificates  to the  Company,  or shall,  at the written
request of the Company,  destroy such cancelled Right Certificates,  and in such
case shall deliver a certificate of destruction thereof to the Company.

                  Section 9. Reservation and Availability of Shares of Capital  
Stock.

                  (a) The Company covenants and agrees that it will use its best
efforts to cause to be reserved and keep  available,  out of its  authorized and
unissued  shares  of  Preferred  Stock  (and,  following  the  occurrence  of an
Acquisition  Event,  out of its authorized  and unissued  shares of Common Stock
and/or  other  securities),  the  number  of  shares of  Preferred  Stock  (and,
following the  occurrence  of an  Acquisition  Event,  Common Stock and/or other
securities) that, except as provided in Section 11(a)(iv), will be sufficient to
permit the exercise in full of all outstanding Rights.

                  (b) So long as the shares of Preferred  Stock (and,  following
the occurrence of an Acquisition  Event,  Common Stock and/or other  securities)
issuable  upon the exercise of Rights may be listed on any  national  securities
exchange,  the Company covenants and agrees that it will use its best efforts to
cause,  from and after such time as the Rights  become  exercisable,  all shares
reserved for such issuance to be listed on such exchange upon official notice of
issuance upon such exercise.

                  (c) The Company covenants and agrees that it will use its best
efforts to (i) file,  as soon as  practicable  following the earliest date after
the occurrence of a Section  11(a)(ii) Event as of which the consideration to be
delivered  by the  Company  upon  exercise  of the  Rights  has been  determined
pursuant to this Agreement,  including in accordance with Section 11(a)(iv),  or
as soon as is required by law following the  Distribution  Date, as the case may
be, a registration  statement  under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the
"Act"), with respect to the Rights and the securities  purchasable upon exercise
of the Rights on an appropriate form, (ii) cause such registration  statement to
become effective as soon as practicable after such filing,  and (iii) cause such
registration  statement  to remain  effective  (with a  prospectus  at all times
meeting  the  requirements  of the Act) until the  earlier of (A) the date as of
which the  Rights  are no longer  exercisable  for such  securities,  or (B) the
Expiration  Date.  The Company will also take such action as may be  appropriate
under the blue sky or  securities  laws of the various  states.  The Company may
temporarily  suspend,  for a period  of time not to  exceed  90 days  after  the
Acquisition  Event  or the  Distribution  Date  (i.e.,  whichever  triggers  the
obligation  set forth in clause (i) of the first sentence of this Section 9(c)),
the  exercisability  of the  Rights in order to  prepare  and file any  required
registration  statement.  Upon any such  suspension,  the Company  shall issue a
public  announcement  stating  that the  exercisability  of the  Rights has been
temporarily  suspended,  as well as a public  announcement  at such  time as the
suspension  is no  longer  in  effect.  Notwithstanding  any  provision  of this
Agreement  to  the  contrary,  the  Rights  shall  not  be  exercisable  in  any
jurisdiction unless the requisite  qualification in such jurisdiction shall have
been obtained.

                  (d) The  Company  covenants  and agrees  that it will take all
such action as may be necessary to ensure that all one one-hundredths of a share
of Preferred  Stock (and,  following an Acquisition  Event,  Common Stock and/or
other  securities)  delivered  upon  exercise  of Rights  shall,  at the time of
delivery of the certificates for such shares (subject to payment of the Purchase
Price),  be  duly  and  validly   authorized  and  issued  and  fully  paid  and
nonassessable.

                  (e) The Company further  covenants and agrees that it will pay
when due and payable any and all  federal and state  transfer  taxes and charges
which may be  payable  in  respect  of the  issuance  or  delivery  of the Right
Certificates  and of any  certificates  for shares of Preferred Stock (or Common
Stock and/or other securities,  as the case may be) upon the exercise of Rights.
The Company shall not, however, be required to pay any transfer tax which may be
payable in respect of any transfer or delivery of Right Certificates to a person
other than,  or the  issuance or  delivery of  certificates  for a number of one
one-hundredths  of a share of  Preferred  Stock (or Common  Stock  and/or  other
securities,  as the case may be),  in a name other than that of, the  registered
holder of the Right Certificate evidencing Rights surrendered for exercise or to
issue or deliver any certificates for a number of one  one-hundredths of a share
of Preferred  Stock (or Common Stock  and/or other  securities,  as the case may
be),  upon the  exercise  of any Rights  until any such tax shall have been paid
(any such tax being payable by the holder of such Right  Certificate at the time
of surrender)  or until it has been  established  to the Company's  satisfaction
that no such tax is due.

                  Section 10.  Preferred Stock Record Date. Each person in whose
name any certificate for a number of one  one-hundredths of a share of Preferred
Stock (or Common Stock and/or  other  securities,  as the case may be) is issued
upon the  exercise of Rights shall for all purposes be deemed to have become the
holder of record of the  fractional  shares of Preferred  Stock (or Common Stock
and/or other  securities,  as the case may be) represented  thereby on, and such
certificate shall be dated, the date upon which the Right Certificate evidencing
such  Rights was duly  surrendered  and payment of the  Purchase  Price (and any
applicable transfer taxes) was made; provided, however, that if the date of such
surrender and payment is a date upon which the Preferred  Stock (or Common Stock
and/or other  securities,  as the case may be) transfer books of the Company are
closed,  such person  shall be deemed to have  become the record  holder of such
shares  (fractional or otherwise) on, and such  certificate  shall be dated, the
next  succeeding  Business  Day on which the  Preferred  Stock (or Common  Stock
and/or other  securities,  as the case may be) transfer books of the Company are
open.  Prior to the exercise of the Rights  evidenced  thereby,  the holder of a
Right  Certificate  shall not be entitled to any rights of a shareholder  of the
Company  with  respect  to shares  for which the  Rights  shall be  exercisable,
including,  without limitation, the right to vote, to receive dividends or other
distributions or to exercise any preemptive rights, and shall not be entitled to
receive any notice of any proceedings of the Company, except as provided herein.

                  Section 11.  Adjustment of Purchase Price,  Number and Kind of
Shares or Number of Rights.  The Purchase  Price,  the number and kind of shares
covered  by each  Right and the  number of Rights  outstanding  are  subject  to
adjustment from time to time as provided in this Section 11.

                  (a) (i) In the event the  Company  shall at any time after the
date of this Agreement (A) declare a dividend on the outstanding Preferred Stock
payable in shares of Preferred  Stock,  (B) subdivide the outstanding  Preferred
Stock,  (C) combine the  outstanding  Preferred  Stock into a smaller  number of
shares or (D) issue any shares of its capital stock in a reclassification of the
outstanding  Preferred Stock (including any such  reclassification in connection
with a  consolidation  or merger  in which  the  Company  is the  continuing  or
surviving  corporation),  except as otherwise provided in this Section 11(a) and
in Section 7(e), the Purchase Price in effect at the time of the record date for
such  dividend or of the  effective  date of such  subdivision,  combination  or
reclassification, and the number and kind of shares of capital stock issuable on
such date,  shall be  proportionately  adjusted  so that the holder of any Right
exercised after such time shall be entitled to receive the aggregate  number and
kind of  shares  of  capital  stock  which,  if such  Right  had been  exercised
immediately  prior to such date and at a time when the Preferred  Stock transfer
books of the Company were open,  such holder would have owned upon such exercise
and  been  entitled  to  receive  by  virtue  of  such  dividend,   subdivision,
combination  or  reclassification.  If an event  occurs  which would  require an
adjustment  under  both  this  Section  11(a)(i)  and  Section  11(a)(ii),   the
adjustment  provided for in this Section  11(a)(i)  shall be in addition to, and
shall be made prior to, any adjustment required pursuant to Section 11(a)(ii).

                  (ii)     In the event

                  (A) any Person shall become an  Acquiring  Person,  unless the
         event  causing the 15%  threshold  to be crossed is a  transaction  set
         forth in Section 13(a) hereof or is an  acquisition of shares of Common
         Stock  pursuant  to a  tender  offer  or  an  exchange  offer  for  all
         outstanding  shares of Common Stock at a price and on terms  determined
         by at least a majority of the members of the Board of  Directors of the
         Company  who  are  not   officers  of  the  Company  and  who  are  not
         representatives,  nominees,  Affiliates  or  Associates of an Acquiring
         Person, after receiving advice from one or more investment or financial
         advisers,  to be (x) fair to  shareholders  (taking  into  account  all
         factors which the Board of Directors deems relevant including,  without
         limitation, prices which could reasonably be achieved if the Company or
         its assets were sold on an orderly  basis  designed to realize  maximum
         value) and (y)  otherwise in the best  interests  of the  Company,  its
         shareholders,  employees,  customers,  suppliers and creditors, and the
         communities in which the Company does business, or

                  (B) any Person shall become an Adverse Person

then,  promptly  following the first  occurrence of a Section  11(a)(ii)  Event,
proper  provision  shall  be made so that  each  holder  of a Right  (except  as
otherwise  provided below and in Section 7(e) hereof) shall  thereafter have the
right to receive,  upon exercise thereof at the  then-current  Purchase Price in
accordance with the terms of this Agreement,  in lieu of the number of shares of
Preferred  Stock for which such Right was exercisable  immediately  prior to the
occurrence  of such  Section  11(a)(ii)  Event,  such number of shares of Common
Stock  as shall be equal to the  result  obtained  by (x)  multiplying  the then
current Purchase Price by the number of one  one-hundredths  of a share of Stock
for which such Right was exercisable immediately prior to the occurrence of such
Section  11(a)(ii)  Event and (y)  dividing  that  product by 50% of the current
market price  (determined  pursuant to Section 11(d) hereof) per share of Common
Stock on the date of  occurrence  of such Section  11(a)(ii)  Event.  At least a
majority of the Continuing Directors (or, if there are no Continuing  Directors,
the Board of  Directors)  may declare any Person to be an Adverse  Person upon a
determination  by such Continuing  Directors (or the Board of Directors),  after
reasonable inquiry and investigation,  including  consultation with such Persons
as such Continuing Directors (or the Board of Directors) shall deem appropriate,
that (x) such Person,  alone or together with its Affiliates and Associates,  is
the Beneficial  Owner of 10% or more of the  outstanding  shares of Common Stock
and (y) either (a) such  beneficial  ownership  by such  Person is  intended  to
cause, is reasonably likely to cause or will cause the Company to repurchase the
Common  Stock  beneficially  owned by such Person or is  intended  to cause,  is
reasonably  likely to cause or will cause pressure on the Company to take action
or to enter into a  transaction  or series of  transactions  which would provide
such  Person  with  short-term  financial  gain under  circumstances  where such
Continuing  Directors  (or the  Board  of  Directors)  determine  that  the best
long-term interests of the Company and its shareholders, but for the actions and
possible  actions of such  Person,  would not be served by taking such action or
entering into such  transactions  or series of  transactions at that time or (b)
such  beneficial  ownership is causing or reasonably  likely to cause a material
adverse impact on the business or prospects of the Company  (including,  but not
limited to,  impairment  of  relationships  with  customers or impairment of the
Company's  ability to maintain its competitive  position).  Notwithstanding  the
provisions of the prior sentence, a majority of the Continuing Directors (or, if
there are no Continuing  Directors,  the Board of  Directors)  may not declare a
Person to be an Adverse Person if, prior to the time that such Person,  alone or
together with its Affiliates and Associates,  acquired  beneficial  ownership of
10% or more of the shares of Common Stock then  outstanding  (or, in the case of
any Person,  alone or together with its Affiliates and Associates,  beneficially
owning as of the date of the amendment and  restatement of this Agreement 10% or
more of the  shares of Common  Stock  outstanding,  within  10 days  after  such
Continuing  Directors (or the Board of Directors)  notify such person in writing
that they are  considering  whether such Person is an Adverse Person  satisfying
the  criteria  set forth in the prior  sentence,  such  Person  provided to such
Continuing  Directors (or the Board of Directors) in writing a statement of such
Person's  purpose and intentions in connection with the proposed  acquisition or
Beneficial  Ownership  of Common  Stock,  together  with any  other  information
reasonably  requested of such Person by such Continuing  Directors (or the Board
of Directors) and such Continuing  Directors (or the Board of Directors),  based
on  such  statement  and  reasonable   inquiry  and   investigation,   including
consultation  with such Persons as such  Continuing  Directors  (or the Board of
Directors) shall deem appropriate, determine to notify and notify such Person in
writing  that  they  will not  declare  such  Person  to be an  Adverse  Person;
provided,  however,  that such Continuing  Directors (or the Board of Directors)
may  expressly  condition  a  determination  not to  declare a Person an Adverse
Person in any manner such  Continuing  Directors (or the Board of Directors) may
choose,  including  without  limitation,  requiring  such Person to refrain from
acquiring  more than a specified  amount or  additional  amount of Common  Stock
and/or to  refrain  from  taking  actions  inconsistent  with the  purposes  and
intentions disclosed by such Person in the statement provided to such Continuing
Directors  (or the  Board of  Directors).  In the  event  that  such  Continuing
Directors  (or the  Board  of  Directors)  should  at any time  determine,  upon
reasonable inquiry and investigation,  including  consultation with such Persons
as such Continuing Directors (or the Board of Directors) shall deem appropriate,
that such Person has not met or complied  with any  condition  specified by such
Continuing Directors (or the Board of Directors),  such Continuing Directors (or
the Board of Directors) may at any time thereafter  declare such Person to be an
Adverse Person.

                  (iii)  In  the  event  that  there  shall  not  be  sufficient
         authorized  but  unissued  shares of  Preferred  or Common Stock of the
         Company to permit  the  exercise  in full of the  Rights,  the  Company
         shall,  except  to  the  extent  an  election  is  made  under  Section
         11(a)(iv), use its best efforts to have the shareholders of the Company
         take all such action as may be necessary to authorize additional shares
         of Preferred or Common Stock of the Company for issuance  upon exercise
         of the Rights. If a majority of the Continuing Directors of the Company
         determine  in good faith that it is likely that  sufficient  additional
         shares of Common Stock could be  authorized  for issuance upon exercise
         in full of the Rights,  the Company may suspend the  exercisability  of
         the Rights to the extent  necessary (but not to more than 90 days after
         the date of the  occurrence  of any of the events  specified in Section
         11(a)(ii) hereof) for the Company to seek shareholder  approval for the
         authorization of such additional shares. In the event of any suspension
         under  this  Section  11(a)(iii),  the  Company  shall  issue a  public
         announcement  stating  that the  exercisability  of the Rights has been
         temporarily  suspended,  as well as a public  announcement  at the time
         such suspension is no longer in effect.

                  (iv) In lieu of issuing  shares of Common Stock in  accordance
         with Section  11(a)(ii)  upon the  exercise of the Rights,  the Company
         may,  if a majority  of the  Continuing  Directors  (or if there are no
         Continuing  Directors,  the  Board of  Directors)  determine  that such
         action is necessary or appropriate and not contrary to the interests of
         holders of Rights, elect to issue or pay uniformly,  subject to Section
         7(e), with respect to all outstanding  Rights, upon the exercise of the
         Rights,   cash  (including  an  offset  against  the  Purchase  Price),
         property,  other  securities  or  any  combination  thereof  having  an
         aggregate  value per Right,  as of the date  immediately  preceding the
         public  announcement  of such election,  equal to the current per share
         market price (as determined  pursuant to Section 11(d)) as of such date
         of the shares of Common Stock that  otherwise  would have been issuable
         pursuant to Section  11(a)(ii),  which value shall be  determined  by a
         nationally recognized investment banking firm selected by a majority of
         the Continuing Directors (or if there are no Continuing Directors,  the
         Board of Directors).  For purposes of the preceding sentence, the value
         of any preferred stock which a majority of the Continuing Directors (or
         if  there  are  no  Continuing  Directors,   the  Board  of  Directors)
         determines to be equivalent to the Common Stock shall be deemed to have
         the  same  value  as  the  Common  Stock  without  the  necessity  of a
         determination of value by an investment banking firm. Any such election
         by the Continuing  Directors (or if there are no Continuing  Directors,
         the Board of Directors) must be made and publicly  announced  within 90
         days after the date on which Section 11(a)(ii) Event occurs.  Following
         the  occurrence  of a  Section  11(a)(ii)  Event,  a  majority  of  the
         Continuing  Directors  (or if there are no  Continuing  Directors,  the
         Board of Directors) may suspend the  exercisability of the Rights for a
         period of up to 90 days  following the  occurrence of such  Acquisition
         Event to the extent that the  Continuing  Directors (or if there are no
         Continuing  Directors,  the  Board of  Directors)  have not  determined
         whether to exercise the Company's  right of election under this Section
         11(a)(iv). In the event of any such suspension, the Company shall issue
         a public announcement stating that the exercisability of the Rights has
         been temporarily  suspended,  as well as a public  announcement at such
         time as the suspension is no longer in effect.

                  (b) In the case the  Company  shall fix a record  date for the
issuance  of rights,  options or  warrants  to all  holders of  Preferred  Stock
entitling them (for a period  expiring within 45 calendar days after such record
date) to subscribe  for or purchase  Preferred  Stock (or shares having the same
rights, privileges and preferences as the shares of Preferred Stock ("equivalent
preferred  stock") or securities  convertible into Preferred Stock or equivalent
preferred  stock  at a price  per  share  of  Preferred  Stock  or per  share of
equivalent  preferred  stock  (or  having a  conversion  price per  share,  if a
security  convertible  into Preferred Stock or equivalent  preferred stock) less
than the  current  per share  market  price (as  determined  pursuant to Section
11(d)) of the Preferred  Stock on such record date,  the Purchase Price to be in
effect after such record date shall be  determined by  multiplying  the Purchase
Price  in  effect  immediately  prior to such  record  date by a  fraction,  the
numerator of which shall be the number of shares of Preferred Stock  outstanding
on such  record  date,  plus the number of shares of  Preferred  Stock which the
aggregate offering price of the total number of shares of Preferred Stock and/or
equivalent  preferred  stock so to be  offered  (and/or  the  aggregate  initial
conversion price of the convertible securities so to be offered) would purchase,
at such current per share market price,  and the  denominator  of which shall be
the number of shares of Preferred  Stock  outstanding on such record date,  plus
the number of additional shares of Preferred Stock and/or  equivalent  preferred
stock to be offered for  subscription or purchase (or into which the convertible
securities  so  to  be  offered  are  initially   convertible).   In  case  such
subscription price may be paid by delivery of consideration part or all of which
shall be in a form other than cash, the value of such consideration  shall be as
determined in good faith by a majority of the Continuing Directors (or, if there
are no Continuing Directors, the Board of Directors),  whose determination shall
be described in a statement  filed with the Rights Agent and shall be binding on
the Rights Agent.  Shares of Preferred Stock owned by or held for the account of
the  Company  shall  not be  deemed  outstanding  for the  purpose  of any  such
computation.  Such adjustments shall be made successively whenever such a record
date is fixed;  and in the event that such rights or warrants are not so issued,
the Purchase  Price shall be adjusted to be the Purchase  Price which would then
be in effect if such record date had not been fixed.

                  (c)  In  case  the  Company  shall  fix a  record  date  for a
distribution to all holders of Preferred Stock (including any such  distribution
made in connection  with a  consolidation  or merger in which the Company is the
continuing or surviving  corporation)  of evidences of  indebtedness  or cash or
non-cash  assets  (other than (i) a regular  periodic  cash  dividend out of the
earnings  or  retained  earnings  of the  Company or (ii) a dividend  payable in
Preferred  Stock,  but  including  any  dividend  payable  in stock  other  than
Preferred Stock) or subscription rights or warrants (excluding those referred to
in Section  11(b)),  the  Purchase  Price to be in effect after such record date
shall be  determined by  multiplying  the Purchase  Price in effect  immediately
prior to such  record date by a fraction,  the  numerator  of which shall be the
current per share market price (as determined  pursuant to Section 11(d)) of the
Preferred  Stock on such record date,  less the fair market value (as determined
in good  faith by a majority  of the  Continuing  Directors  or, if there are no
Continuing  Directors,  the Board of  Directors,  whose  determination  shall be
described  in a  statement  filed with the Rights  Agent) of the  portion of the
evidences of indebtedness or cash or non-cash assets so to be distributed on, or
of such  subscription  rights or warrants  applicable to, one share of Preferred
Stock, and the denominator of which shall be such current per share market price
of the Preferred Stock.  Such adjustments  shall be made  successively  whenever
such a record date is fixed;  and in the event that such  distribution is not so
made,  the Purchase Price shall again be adjusted to be the Purchase Price which
would then be in effect if such record date had not been fixed.

                  (d) (i) For the  purpose  of any  computation  hereunder,  the
"current per share market price" of any Common Stock on any date shall be deemed
to be the average of the daily closing prices per share of such Common Stock for
the  30  consecutive  Trading  Days  (as  such  term  is  hereinafter   defined)
immediately prior to such date;  provided,  however,  that in the event that the
current per share market price of the Common Stock is determined during a period
following the  announcement by the issuer of such Common Stock of (i) a dividend
or  distribution  on such Common Stock payable in shares of such Common Stock or
securities convertible into shares of such Common Stock (other than the Rights),
or (ii) any subdivision,  combination or  reclassification of such Common Stock,
and prior to the  expiration of 30 Trading Days after the  ex-dividend  date for
such  dividend  or  distribution,  or the  record  date  for  such  subdivision,
combination or  reclassification,  then, and in each such case, the "current per
share  market  price"  shall be  appropriately  adjusted  to take  into  account
ex-dividend trading. The closing price for any day shall be the last sale price,
regular  way,  or, in case no such sale takes place on such day,  the average of
the closing bid and asked prices, regular way, in either case as reported in the
principal  consolidated  transaction reporting system with respect to securities
listed or admitted to trading on the New York Stock  Exchange  or, if the shares
of Common  Stock are not  listed or  admitted  to  trading on the New York Stock
Exchange, as reported in the principal consolidated transaction reporting system
with respect to securities listed on the principal national  securities exchange
on which the shares of Common Stock are listed or admitted to trading or, if the
shares of Common  Stock are not listed or  admitted  to trading on any  national
securities  exchange,  the last sale price or, if not so quoted,  the average of
the high bid and low asked prices in the over-the-counter market, as reported by
the National Association of Securities Dealers,  Inc. Automated Quotation System
("NASDAQ") or such other system then in use or, if on any such day the shares of
Common Stock are not quoted by any such organization, the average of the closing
bid and asked prices as furnished by a professional market maker making a market
in the Common Stock selected by a majority of the  Continuing  Directors (or, if
there are no Continuing Directors,  the Board of Directors).  If on any such day
no market maker is making a market in the Common  Stock,  the fair value of such
shares on such day as determined  in good faith by a majority of the  Continuing
Directors  (or, if there are no  Continuing  Directors,  the Board of Directors)
shall be used in lieu of the closing  price for such day. The term "Trading Day"
shall mean a day on which the principal  national  securities  exchange on which
the  shares of Common  Stock are listed or  admitted  to trading is open for the
transaction  of  business  or, if the Common  Stock is not listed or admitted to
trading on any national securities exchange, a Business Day. If the Common Stock
is not  publicly  held or not so listed or  traded,  "current  per share  market
price"  shall  mean the fair  value per share as  determined  in good faith by a
majority of the Continuing Directors (or, if there are no Continuing  Directors,
the Board of Directors),  whose  determination shall be described in a statement
filed with the Rights Agent and shall be conclusive for all purposes.

                  (ii)  For  the  purpose  of  any  computation  hereunder,  the
"current per share market  price" of Preferred  Stock shall be determined in the
same  manner  as set  forth  above for the  Common  Stock in clause  (i) of this
Section 11(d) (other than the last sentence  thereof).  If the current per share
market price of  Preferred  Stock cannot be  determined  in the manner  provided
above or if the  Preferred  Stock is not publicly  held or listed or traded in a
manner  described  in clause (i) of this Section  11(d),  the "current per share
market price" of Preferred  Stock shall be  conclusively  deemed to be an amount
equal to 100 (as such number may be  appropriately  adjusted  for such events as
stock splits, stock dividends and  recapitalizations  with respect to the Common
Stock occurring after the date of this Agreement)  multiplied by the current per
share  market  price of the Common  Stock.  If neither the Common  Stock nor the
Preferred  Stock is  publicly  held or so listed or traded,  "current  per share
market  price" of the  Preferred  Stock  shall  mean the fair value per share as
determined  in good  faith  by the  Board of  Directors  of the  Company,  whose
determination  shall be described in a statement filed with the Rights Agent and
shall be conclusive for all purposes.  For all purposes of this  Agreement,  the
"current market price" of one  one-hundredth of a share of Preferred Stock shall
be equal to the "current per share market price" of one share of Preferred Stock
divided by 100.

                  (e) Anything  herein to the contrary  notwithstanding,  except
the third  sentence of this Section  11(e),  no adjustment in the Purchase Price
shall be required unless such  adjustment  would require an increase or decrease
of at least 1% in such price;  provided,  however, that any adjustments which by
reason  of this  Section  11(e) are not  required  to be made  shall be  carried
forward and taken into account in any subsequent  adjustment.  All  calculations
under  this  Section  11 shall  be made to the  nearest  cent or to the  nearest
ten-thousandth  of a share  of  Common  Stock  or  one-millionth  of a share  of
Preferred Stock, as the case may be.  Notwithstanding the first sentence of this
Section 11(e),  any  adjustment  which would be required by this Section 11, but
for the first  sentence of this Section  11(e),  shall be made no later than the
earlier of (i) three years from the date of the transaction  which requires such
adjustment or (ii) the Expiration Date.

                  (f) If as a result of an  adjustment  made pursuant to Section
11(a) or 13(a),  the  holder  of any Right  thereafter  exercised  shall  become
entitled  to  receive  any  shares of capital  stock of the  Company  other than
Preferred  Stock,  thereafter the number of such other shares so receivable upon
exercise  of any  Right and the  Purchase  Price  thereof  shall be  subject  to
adjustment  from time to time in a manner and on terms as nearly  equivalent  as
practicable to the provisions  with respect to the shares  contained in Sections
11(a),  (b), (c),  (e),  (g), (h), (i), (j), (k) and (m), and the  provisions of
Sections 7, 9, 10, 13 and 14 with respect to the Preferred  Stock shall apply on
like terms to any such other shares.

                  (g) All Rights originally issued by the Company  subsequent to
any adjustment  made to the Purchase Price hereunder shall evidence the right to
purchase,  at the adjusted Purchase Price, the number of one one-hundredths of a
share of Preferred Stock  purchasable  from time to time hereunder upon exercise
of the Rights, all subject to further adjustment as provided herein.

                  (h) Unless the Company  shall have  exercised  its election as
provided in Section  11(i),  upon each  adjustment  of the  Purchase  Price as a
result  of  the  calculations  made  in  Sections  11(b)  and  (c),  each  Right
outstanding  immediately prior to the making of such adjustment shall thereafter
evidence the right to purchase,  at the adjusted  Purchase Price, that number of
one  one-hundredths  of a share of Preferred  Stock  (calculated  to the nearest
one-millionth)  obtained by (i) multiplying (x) the number of one one-hundredths
of a share covered by a Right  immediately  prior to such  adjustment by (y) the
Purchase Price in effect  immediately  prior to such  adjustment of the Purchase
Price and (ii) dividing the product so obtained by the Purchase  Price in effect
immediately after such adjustment of the Purchase Price.

                  (i)  The  Company  may  elect  on or  after  the  date  of any
adjustment of the Purchase Price to adjust the number of Rights,  in lieu of any
adjustment  in the number of one  one-hundredths  of a share of Preferred  Stock
purchasable upon the exercise of a Right.  Each of the Rights  outstanding after
such  adjustment in the number of Rights shall be exercisable  for the number of
one  one-hundredths  of a share  of  Preferred  Stock  for  which  a  Right  was
exercisable  immediately  prior to such  adjustment.  Each  Right held of record
prior to such  adjustment  of the number of Rights  shall  become that number of
rights  (calculated  to the nearest  ten-thousandth)  obtained  by dividing  the
Purchase Price in effect  immediately  prior to adjustment of the Purchase Price
by the Purchase  Price in effect  immediately  after  adjustment of the Purchase
Price.  The Company shall make a public  announcement  of its election to adjust
the number of Rights,  indicating  the record date for the  adjustment,  and, if
known at the time, the amount of the adjustment to be made. This record date may
be the date on which the Purchase Price is adjusted or any day thereafter,  but,
if the Right Certificates have been issued, shall be at least 10 days later than
the date of the public  announcement.  If Right  Certificates  have been issued,
upon each adjustment of the number of Rights pursuant to this Section 11(i), the
Company shall, as promptly as practicable, cause to be distributed to holders of
record of Right Certificates on such record date Right Certificates  evidencing,
subject to Section  14, the  additional  Rights to which such  holders  shall be
entitled as a result of such adjustment, or, at the option of the Company, shall
cause  to  be  distributed  to  such  holders  of  record  in  substitution  and
replacement for the Right Certificates held by such holders prior to the date of
adjustment,  and upon surrender thereof,  if required by the Company,  new Right
Certificates  evidencing  all the Rights to which such holders shall be entitled
after such adjustment.  Right Certificates so to be distributed shall be issued,
executed and  countersigned  in the manner provided for herein (and may bear, at
the option of the Company,  the adjusted Purchase Price) and shall be registered
in the names of the holders of record of Right  Certificates  on the record date
specified in the public announcement.

                  (j)  Irrespective  of any adjustment or change in the Purchase
Price or the number of one one-hundredths of a share of Preferred Stock issuable
upon  the  exercise  of the  Rights,  the  Right  Certificates  theretofore  and
thereafter   issued  may  continue  to  express  the  Purchase   Price  per  one
one-hundredths  share and the number of one one-hundredths of a share which were
expressed in the initial Right Certificates issued hereunder.

                  (k) Before  taking any action that would  cause an  adjustment
reducing the Purchase  Price below the then par value,  if any, of the number of
one  one-hundredths  of a share of Preferred Stock issuable upon exercise of the
Rights,  the Company shall take all corporate  action, if any, which may, in the
opinion of its  counsel,  be necessary in order that the Company may validly and
legally issue fully paid and nonassessable  such number of one one-hundredths of
a share of Preferred Stock at such adjusted Purchase Price.

                  (l) In any case in which this Section 11 shall require that an
adjustment  in the  Purchase  Price be made  effective as of a record date for a
specified  event,  the Company may elect to defer until the  occurrence  of such
event the issuing to the holder of any Right exercised after such record date of
the number of one one-hundredths of a share of Preferred Stock and other capital
stock or securities of the Company, if any, issuable upon such exercise over and
above the number of one  one-hundredths  of a share of Preferred Stock and other
capital stock or securities of the Company,  if any, issuable upon such exercise
on the basis of the Purchase Price in effect prior to such adjustment; provided,
however,  that the  Company  shall  deliver  to such  holder a due bill or other
appropriate instrument evidencing such holder's right to receive such additional
shares  (fractional or otherwise) or securities upon the occurrence of the event
requiring such adjustment.

                  (m)   Anything   in   this   Section   11  to   the   contrary
notwithstanding,  the Company  shall be entitled to make such  reductions in the
Purchase  Price,  in addition to those  adjustments  expressly  required by this
Section 11, as and to the extent that in their sole discretion a majority of the
Continuing  Directors  (or, if there are no Continuing  Directors,  the Board of
Directors)  shall determine to be advisable in order that any (i) combination or
subdivision of the Preferred Stock,  (ii) issuance wholly for cash of any shares
of  Preferred  Stock at less than the  current  per share  market  price,  (iii)
issuance  wholly for cash of shares of Preferred  Stock or  securities  which by
their terms are convertible  into or exchangeable for shares of Preferred Stock,
(iv) stock dividends or (v) issuance of rights,  options or warrants referred to
in this Section 11,  hereafter  made by the Company to holders of its  Preferred
Stock shall not be taxable to such shareholders.

                  (n)  The  Company   covenants  and  agrees  that,   after  the
Distribution  Date,  it will not,  except as permitted by Section 23 or 26, take
(or permit  any  Subsidiary  to take) any  action if at the time such  action is
taken it is reasonably  foreseeable that such action will diminish substantially
or otherwise eliminate the benefits intended to be afforded by the Rights unless
such action is approved by a majority of the Continuing Directors.

                  (o)  Anything in this  Agreement or the Rights to the contrary
notwithstanding,  in the  event  that the  Company  shall at any time  after the
Rights Dividend  Declaration Date and prior to the Distribution Date (i) declare
a dividend on the  outstanding  Common Stock  payable in shares of Common Stock,
(ii)  subdivide  the  outstanding  Common Stock,  (iii) combine the  outstanding
Common  Stock into a smaller  number of shares,  or (iv) issue any shares of its
capital stock in a reclassification  of the outstanding Common Stock, the number
of Rights associated with each share of Common Stock then  outstanding,  or that
become  outstanding  thereafter  but prior to the  Distribution  Date,  shall be
proportionately adjusted so that the number of Rights thereafter associated with
each  share of Common  Stock  following  any such event  shall  equal the result
obtained  by  multiplying  the  number of Rights  associated  with each share of
Common Stock  immediately  prior to such event by a fraction,  the  numerator of
which  shall  be  the  total  number  of  shares  of  Common  Stock  outstanding
immediately  prior to the  occurrence of the event and the  denominator of which
shall be the total  number of shares  of Common  Stock  outstanding  immediately
following the occurrence of such event.

                  Section 12.  Certificate of Adjusted  Purchase Price or Number
of Shares. Whenever an adjustment is made as provided in Sections 11 and 13, the
Company shall (a) promptly  prepare a certificate  setting forth such adjustment
and a brief statement of the facts accounting for such adjustment,  (b) promptly
file with the Rights Agent and with each transfer agent for the Preferred  Stock
and the Common  Stock a copy of such  certificate  and (c) mail a brief  summary
thereof to each  holder of record of a Right  Certificate  (or,  if prior to the
Distribution Date, to each holder of record of a certificate representing shares
of Common Stock) in accordance  with Section 25. The Rights Agent shall be fully
protected  in  relying on any such  certificate  and on any  adjustment  therein
contained.

                  Section 13. Consolidation Merger or Sale or Transfer of Assets
or Earning Power.

                  (a) In the  event  that,  following  a Stock Acquisition Date,
directly or indirectly,

                  (x) the  Company  shall  consolidate  with,  or merge with and
         into,  any other Person (other than a Subsidiary  of the Company),  and
         the Company  shall not be the  continuing or surviving  corporation  of
         such consolidation or merger,

                  (y) any Person (other than a Subsidiary of the Company)  shall
         consolidate with the Company,  or merge with and into the Company,  and
         the Company shall be the  continuing or surviving  corporation  of such
         consolidation  or merger and, in connection with such  consolidation or
         merger,  all or part of the outstanding  shares of Common Stock held by
         existing shareholders of the Company shall be changed into or exchanged
         for stock or other  securities  of any other Person (or the Company) or
         cash or any other property, or

                  (z) the Company  shall sell or  otherwise  transfer (or one or
         more of its  Subsidiaries  shall sell or  otherwise  transfer),  in one
         transaction  or a series of  related  transactions,  assets or  earning
         power  aggregating  more than 50% of the assets or earning power of the
         Company  and its  Subsidiaries  (taken  as a whole)  to any  Person  or
         Persons (other than the Company or its Subsidiaries),

then, and in each such case (except as may be  contemplated  by Section  13(f)),
proper  provision  shall be made so that:  (i) each holder of a Right (except as
otherwise provided herein) shall thereafter have the right to receive,  upon the
exercise thereof at the then current per share Purchase Price in accordance with
the terms of this Agreement,  in lieu of the number of one  one-hundredths  of a
share of Preferred Stock for which such Right was exercisable  immediately prior
to the  occurrence of such Section 13 Event,  such number of validly  authorized
and issued,  fully paid,  nonassessable  and freely  tradeable  shares of Common
Stock of the Principal Party (as hereinafter defined), not subject to any rights
of first refusal,  as shall be equal to the result  obtained by (1)  multiplying
the then current Purchase Price by the number of one  one-hundredths  of a share
of  Preferred  Stock for which  such Right was  exercisable  (or would have been
exercisable  had  a  Distribution  Date  occurred)   immediately  prior  to  the
occurrence  of such Section 13 Event and (2) dividing that product by 50% of the
current per share market  price  (determined  pursuant to Section  11(d)) of the
Common Stock of such Principal Party on the date of consummation of such Section
13 Event;  (ii) such Principal  Party shall  thereafter be liable for, and shall
assume,  by virtue of such  consolidation,  merger,  sale or  transfer,  all the
obligations and duties of the Company pursuant to this Agreement; (iii) the term
"Company" shall  thereafter be deemed to refer to such Principal Party, it being
specifically  intended  that the  provisions  of Section 11 shall  apply to such
Principal Party; and (iv) such Principal Party shall take such steps (including,
but not  limited to, the  reservation  of a  sufficient  number of shares of its
Common Stock in accordance with Section 9) in connection  with the  consummation
of any such transaction as may be necessary to assure that the provisions hereof
shall  thereafter be applicable,  as nearly as reasonably may be, in relation to
its shares of Common  Stock  thereafter  deliverable  upon the  exercise  of the
Rights.

                  (b) "Principal Party" shall mean

                  (i) in the case of any transaction  described in (x) or (y) of
         the first sentence of Section  13(a),  the Person that is the issuer of
         any  securities  into which  shares of Common  Stock of the Company are
         converted in such merger or  consolidation,  or if no securities are so
         issued,  the  Person  that  is  the  other  party  to  such  merger  or
         consolidation; and

                  (ii) in the case of any  transaction  described  in (z) of the
         first sentence of Section 13(a), the Person that is the party receiving
         the  greatest  portion  of the  assets  or  earning  power  transferred
         pursuant to such transaction or transactions;

provided, however, that in any such case, (1) if the Common Stock of such Person
is not at such time and has not been  continuously  over the  preceding 12 month
period  registered  under  Section 12 of the Exchange  Act, and such Person is a
direct or indirect Subsidiary of another Person the Common Stock of which is and
has been so registered,  "Principal Party" shall refer to such other Person, and
(2) in case such Person is a Subsidiary,  directly or  indirectly,  of more than
one  Person,  the  Common  Stocks  of two or more of which  are and have been so
registered,  "Principal  Party"  shall refer to whichever of such Persons is the
issuer of the Common Stock having the greatest aggregate market value.

                  (c)  The  Company  shall  not   consummate   any   transaction
constituting  a  Section  13 Event  unless  the  Principal  Party  shall  have a
sufficient  number of authorized  shares of its Common Stock which have not been
issued or reserved  for issuance to permit the exercise in full of the rights in
accordance  with this Section 13 and unless  prior  thereto the Company and such
Principal  Party  shall  have  executed  and  delivered  to the  Rights  Agent a
supplemental  agreement  providing for the terms set forth in paragraphs (a) and
(b) of this Section 13 and further  providing that, as soon as practicable after
the date of consummation of any transaction constituting a Section 13 Event, the
Principal Party will, at its expense:

                  (i) prepare and file a registration  statement  under the Act,
         with respect to the Rights and the securities purchasable upon exercise
         of the Rights,  on an  appropriate  form,  and use its best  efforts to
         cause such  registration  statement to (A) become  effective as soon as
         practicable  after  such  filing  and  (B)  remain  effective  (with  a
         prospectus at all times meeting the  requirements of the Act) until the
         earlier  of  (1)  the  date  as of  which  the  Rights  are  no  longer
         exercisable for such securities or (2) the Expiration Date; and

                  (ii)  deliver to holders  of the Rights  historical  financial
         statements  for the Principal  Party and each of its  Affiliates  which
         comply in all respects with the  requirements  for registration on Form
         10 under the Exchange Act.

                  (d) The Company covenants and agrees that it shall not, at any
time  after  the  Distribution  Date  and  prior  to the  Expiration  Date,  (i)
consolidate  with, (ii) merge with or into, or (iii) sell or transfer (or permit
any Subsidiary to sell or transfer),  in one  transaction or a series of related
transactions, assets or earning power aggregating more than 50% of the assets or
earning  power of the  Company  and its  Subsidiaries  (taken as a whole) to any
Person or Persons  (other  than the Company or its  Subsidiaries),  whether in a
transaction  constituting a Section 13 Event or otherwise,  if at the time of or
immediately  after  such   consolidation,   merger,   sale,  transfer  or  other
transaction,  there are any rights,  warrants or other instruments or securities
outstanding  or  agreements  in effect  which  would  substantially  diminish or
otherwise eliminate the benefits intended to be afforded by the Rights.

                  (e) The provisions of this Section 13 shall similarly apply to
successive mergers, consolidations,  sales or other transfers. In the event that
any Section 13 Event shall occur at any time after the  occurrence  of a Section
11(a)(ii) Event, the Rights which have not theretofore been exercised (including
Rights the exercise of which had been suspended  pursuant to Section 7(e)) shall
thereafter become exercisable in the manner described in Section 13(a).

                  (f)   Notwithstanding   anything  in  this  Agreement  to  the
contrary,  this Section 13 shall not be applicable to a transaction described in
clause (x) or (y) of Section 13(a) if (i) such transaction is consummated with a
Person or Persons (or a wholly owned  subsidiary  of any such Person or Persons)
who acquired shares of Common Stock pursuant to a tender offer or exchange offer
for all outstanding shares of Common Stock which complies with the provisions of
Section  11(a)(ii)(A),  (ii) the price per share of Common Stock offered in such
transaction  is not less than the price  per share of Common  Stock  paid to all
holders of shares of Common Stock whose shares were  purchased  pursuant to such
tender offer or exchange offer and (iii) the form of consideration being offered
to the remaining  holders of shares of Common Stock pursuant to such transaction
is the same as the form of  consideration  paid pursuant to such tender offer or
exchange offer. Upon  consummation of any such transaction  contemplated by this
Section 13(f), all Rights hereunder shall expire.

                  Section 14. Fractional Rights and Fractional  Shares.  (a) The
Company shall not be required to issue fractions of Rights,  except prior to the
Distribution  Date  as  provided  in  Section  11(o),  or  to  distribute  Right
Certificates which evidence  fractional Rights. The Company may, in lieu of such
fractional  Rights, pay to the registered holders of the Right Certificates with
regard to which such fractional Rights would otherwise be issuable, an amount in
cash equal to the same  fraction of the current  market  value of a whole Right.
For the  purposes of this  Section  14(a),  the current  market value of a whole
Right shall be the closing  price of the Rights for the Trading Day  immediately
prior to the date on which such  fractional  Rights  would  have been  otherwise
issuable.  The closing  price for any day shall be the last sale price,  regular
way,  or,  in case no such sale  takes  place on such day,  the  average  of the
closing  bid and asked  prices,  regular  way, in either case as reported in the
principal  consolidated  transaction reporting system with respect to securities
listed or admitted to trading on the New York Stock  Exchange  or, if the Rights
are not  listed or  admitted  to  trading  on the New York  Stock  Exchange,  as
reported in the principal consolidated transaction reporting system with respect
to securities listed on the principal national  securities exchange on which the
Rights are  listed or  admitted  to trading  or, if the Rights are not listed or
admitted to trading on any national securities exchange, the last sale price or,
if not so  quoted,  the  average  of the high bid and low  asked  prices  in the
over-the-counter  market, as reported by NASDAQ or such other system then in use
or, if on any such day the Rights are not quoted by any such  organization,  the
average of the  closing  bid and asked  prices as  furnished  by a  professional
market  maker  making a market  in the  Rights  selected  by a  majority  of the
Continuing  Directors  (or, if there are no Continuing  Directors,  the Board of
Directors). If on any such day no market maker is making a market in the Rights,
the  fair  value of the  Rights  on such day as  determined  in good  faith by a
majority of the Continuing Directors (or, if there are no Continuing  Directors,
the Board of Directors) shall be used in lieu of the closing price for such day.

                  (b) The Company  shall not be required to issue  fractions  of
shares of Preferred Stock (other than fractions which are integral  multiples of
one  one-hundredth of a share of Preferred Stock) upon exercise of the Rights or
to distribute  certificates which evidence  fractional shares of Preferred Stock
(other than fractions  which are integral  multiples of one  one-hundredth  of a
share of Preferred  Stock). In lieu of fractional shares of Preferred Stock that
are not integral  multiples of one  one-hundredth of a share of Preferred Stock,
the Company may pay to the registered holders of Rights certificates at the time
such Rights are exercised as herein provided an amount in cash equal to the same
fraction  of the  current  market  value  of one  one-hundredth  of a  share  of
Preferred Stock. For purposes of this Section 14(b), the current market value of
one  one-hundredth  of a share of Preferred Stock shall be one  one-hundredth of
the  closing  price of a share of  Preferred  Stock (as  determined  pursuant to
Section  11(d)(ii)  hereof) for the Trading Day immediately prior to the date of
such exercise.

                  (c) Following an Acquisition  Event,  the Company shall not be
required  to issue  fractions  of shares of Common  Stock upon  exercise  of the
Rights or to distribute  certificates which evidence fractional shares of Common
Stock. The Company may, in lieu of such fractional shares, pay to the registered
holders of Right  Certificates  at the time such Rights are  exercised as herein
provided  an amount in cash equal to the same  fraction of the current per share
market  value of such Common  Stock.  For purposes of this  Section  14(c),  the
current per share market  value of Common Stock shall be the closing  price of a
share of Common  Stock (as  determined  pursuant  to Section  11(d)(i))  for the
Trading Day immediately prior to the date of such exercise.

                  (d) Every holder of Rights by accepting  the Rights  expressly
waives his right to receive any fractional  Rights or any fractional shares upon
exercise of a Right,  if cash  payments  are made to such holder as permitted by
this Section 14.

                  Section 15. Rights of Action.  All rights of action in respect
of this Agreement are vested in the respective  registered  holders of the Right
Certificates  (and,  prior to the  Distribution  Date, of the associated  Common
Stock  certificates);  and any registered  holder of any Right  Certificate (or,
prior to the  Distribution  Date, of any associated  Common Stock  certificate),
without the consent of the Rights Agent or of any holder of a Right  Certificate
(or, prior to the Distribution  Date, of an associated Common Stock certificate)
may, in such holder's own behalf and for such holder's own benefit, enforce, and
may institute and maintain any suit, action or proceeding against the Company to
enforce,  or otherwise  act in respect of, such  holder's  right to exercise the
Rights evidenced by such Right Certificate (or, prior to the Distribution  Date,
the associated  Common Stock  certificate)  in the manner provided in such Right
Certificate  and in  this  Agreement.  Without  limiting  the  foregoing  or any
remedies  available to the holders of Rights,  it is  specifically  acknowledged
that the  holders  of Rights  would not have an  adequate  remedy at law for any
breach of this  Agreement  and will be entitled to specific  performance  of the
obligations  hereunder  and  injunctive  relief  against  actual  or  threatened
violations of the obligations of any Person subject to this Agreement.

                  Section 16. Agreement of Right Holders. Every holder of Rights
by  accepting the  Rights  consents and  agrees with  the Company and the Rights
Agent and with every other holder of Rights that:

                  (a) prior  to  the  Distribution  Date,  the  Rights  will  be
         transferable only in connection with the transfer of the Common Stock;

                  (b) on or after the Distribution  Date, the Right Certificates
         are  transferable  only on the  registry  books of the Rights  Agent if
         surrendered at the office or offices of the Rights Agent designated for
         such purposes,  duly endorsed or accompanied by a proper  instrument of
         transfer; and

                  (c)  subject to  Sections  6(a) and 7(f),  the Company and the
         Rights  Agent  may deem and treat  the  person in whose  name the Right
         Certificate (or, prior to the Distribution  Date, the associated Common
         Stock  certificate)  is registered as the absolute owner thereof and of
         the  Rights  evidenced  thereby   (notwithstanding   any  notations  of
         ownership or writing on the Right Certificates or the associated Common
         Stock  certificate  made by anyone other than the Company or the Rights
         Agent) for all  purposes  whatsoever,  and  neither the Company nor the
         Rights Agent shall be affected by any notice to the contrary.

                  Notwithstanding  anything in this  Agreement  or the Rights to
the  contrary,  the Company,  the Rights  Agent,  the Board of Directors and the
Continuing  Directors  shall not have any  liability to any holder of a Right or
other Person as a result of the  inability of the Company or the Rights Agent to
perform any of its obligations under this Agreement by reason of any preliminary
or permanent  injunction  or other order,  decree or ruling issued by a court of
competent jurisdiction or by a governmental, regulatory or administrative agency
or commission,  or any statute,  rule, regulation or executive order promulgated
or enacted by any governmental  authority  prohibiting or otherwise  restraining
performance of such obligation;  provided,  however,  that the Company shall use
its best efforts to have any such order,  decree or ruling lifted,  dissolved or
overturned at the earliest practicable time.

                  Section 17. Right Certificate Holder Not Deemed a Shareholder.
No  holder,  as such,  of any Right  Certificate  shall be  entitled  to vote or
receive  dividends  or be deemed for any purpose the holder of the number of one
one-hundredths  of a share of  Preferred  Stock or any other  securities  of the
Company  which  may at any  time  be  issuable  on the  exercise  of the  Rights
represented  thereby,  nor  shall  anything  contained  herein  or in any  Right
Certificate be construed to confer upon the holder of any Right Certificate,  as
such, any of the rights of a shareholder of the Company or any right to vote for
the election of directors or upon any matter  submitted to  shareholders  at any
meeting thereof,  or to give or withhold consent to any corporate  action, or to
receive notice of meetings or other actions  affecting  shareholders  (except as
provided in Section 24), or to receive  dividends  or  subscription  rights,  or
otherwise,  until the Right or Rights evidenced by such Right  Certificate shall
have been exercised in accordance with the provisions hereof.

                  Section 18. Concerning the Rights Agent.

                  (a) The Company  agrees to pay to the Rights Agent  reasonable
compensation  for all services  rendered by it hereunder and, from time to time,
on demand of the Rights  Agent,  its  reasonable  expenses  and counsel fees and
disbursements  and  other  disbursements  incurred  in  the  administration  and
execution  of this  Agreement  and the exercise  and  performance  of its duties
hereunder.  The Company  also agrees to  indemnify  the Rights Agent for, and to
hold it harmless  against,  any loss,  liability  or expense,  incurred  without
negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct on the part of the Rights Agent, for
anything done or omitted by the Rights Agent in connection  with the  acceptance
and  administration  of this  Agreement,  including  the costs and  expenses  of
defending against any claim of such liability.

                  (b) The Rights  Agent  shall be  protected  and shall incur no
liability  for or in respect of any action  taken,  suffered or omitted by it in
connection with its  administration of this Agreement in reliance upon any Right
Certificate  or  certificate  for Common  Stock or for other  securities  of the
Company,  instrument of assignment or transfer, power of attorney,  endorsement,
affidavit, letter, notice, direction, consent,  certificate,  statement or other
paper or document  believed by it to be genuine and to be signed,  executed and,
where necessary, verified or acknowledged by the proper person or persons.

                  Section 19.  Merger or  Consolidation  or Change  of  Name  of
Rights Agent.

                  (a)  Any  corporation  into  which  the  Rights  Agent  or any
successor  Rights Agent may be merged or with which it may be  consolidated,  or
any corporation  resulting from any merger or  consolidation to which the Rights
Agent  or any  successor  Rights  Agent  shall be a  party,  or any  corporation
succeeding to the corporate  trust business of the Rights Agent or any successor
Rights Agent,  shall be the  successor to the Rights Agent under this  Agreement
without the  execution  or filing of any paper or any further act on the part of
any of the parties hereto;  provided,  however,  that such corporation  would be
eligible for  appointment  as a successor  Rights Agent under the  provisions of
Section 21. In case at the time such successor Rights Agent shall succeed to the
agency created by this Agreement,  any of the Right Certificates shall have been
countersigned  but not delivered,  any such successor Rights Agent may adopt the
countersignature  of  the  predecessor  Rights  Agent  and  deliver  such  Right
Certificates  so  countersigned;  and in  case  at that  time  any of the  Right
Certificates shall not have been  countersigned,  any successor Rights Agent may
countersign such Right Certificates either in the name of the predecessor Rights
Agent or in the name of the successor  Rights Agent;  and in all such cases such
Right  Certificates shall have the full force provided in the Right Certificates
and in this Agreement.

                  (b) In case at any time the name of the Rights  Agent shall be
changed  and at  such  time  any of  the  Right  Certificates  shall  have  been
countersigned but not delivered, the Rights Agent may adopt the countersignature
under its prior name and deliver Right  Certificates  so  countersigned;  and in
case  at  that  time  any  of  the  Right   Certificates  shall  not  have  been
countersigned,  the Rights Agent may countersign such Right Certificates  either
in its prior  name or in its  changed  name;  and in all such  cases  such Right
Certificates shall have the full force provided in the Right Certificates and in
this Agreement.

                  Section  20.  Duties  of  Rights   Agent.   The  Rights  Agent
undertakes  the  duties  and  obligations  imposed  by this  Agreement  upon the
following terms and  conditions,  by all of which the Company and the holders of
Right  Certificates  (or, prior to the Distribution  Date, the associated Common
Stock certificates), by their acceptance of the Rights, shall be bound:

                  (a) The Rights Agent may consult  with legal  counsel (who may
be legal counsel for the Company), and the opinion of such counsel shall be full
and complete  authorization  and protection to the Rights Agent as to any action
taken or omitted by it in good faith and in accordance with such opinion.

                  (b)  Whenever  in the  performance  of its  duties  under this
Agreement the Rights Agent shall deem it necessary or desirable that any fact or
matter (including,  without limitation, the identity of any Acquiring Person and
the  determination  of the  "current  per  share  market  price")  be  proved or
established  by the Company prior to taking or suffering  any action  hereunder,
such  fact or  matter  (unless  other  evidence  in  respect  thereof  be herein
specifically prescribed) may be deemed to be conclusively proved and established
by a  certificate  signed by any one of the  Chairman  of the  Board,  the Chief
Executive  Officer,  the  President,  any Vice  President,  the Secretary or the
Treasurer of the Company and delivered to the Rights Agent; and such certificate
shall be full and complete  authorization and protection to the Rights Agent for
any action  taken or suffered in good faith by it under the  provisions  of this
Agreement in reliance upon such certificate.

                  (c) The  Rights Agent  shall be liable  hereunder only for its
own negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct.

                  (d) The Rights  Agent  shall not be liable for or by reason of
any of the statements of fact or recitals  contained in this Agreement or in the
Right  Certificates  or be  required  to  verify  the  same  (except  as to  its
countersignature thereof), but all such statements and recitals are and shall be
deemed to have been made by the Company only.

                  (e) The Rights Agent shall not be under any  responsibility in
respect of the validity of this  Agreement or the execution and delivery  hereof
(except  the due  execution  hereof by the  Rights  Agent) or in  respect of the
validity or  execution  of any Right  Certificate  (except its  countersignature
thereof);  nor shall it be  responsible  for any  breach by the  Company  of any
covenant or condition  contained in this Agreement or in any Right  Certificate;
nor shall it be responsible for any adjustment  required under the provisions of
Section 11 or 13 or  responsible  for the  manner,  method or amount of any such
adjustment or the  ascertaining of the existence of facts that would require any
such  adjustment  (except with  respect to the  exercise of Rights  evidenced by
Right Certificates after actual notice of any such adjustment);  nor shall it by
any act  hereunder  be deemed to make any  representation  or warranty as to the
authorization or reservation of any shares of Preferred Stock or Common Stock of
the Company or any other Person to be issued  pursuant to this  Agreement or any
Right Certificate or as to whether any shares of Preferred Stock or Common Stock
of the Company or any other Person will, when so issued,  be validly  authorized
and issued, fully paid and nonassessable.

                  (f)  The  Company  agrees  that  it  will  perform,   execute,
acknowledge  and deliver or cause to be performed,  executed,  acknowledged  and
delivered  all such further and other acts,  instruments  and  assurances as may
reasonably be required by the Rights Agent for the carrying out or performing by
the Rights Agent of the provisions of this Agreement.

                  (g) The Rights  Agent is hereby  authorized  and  directed  to
accept instructions with respect to the performance of its duties hereunder from
any  one  of the  Chairman  of the  Board,  the  Chief  Executive  Officer,  the
President,  any Vice  President,  the Secretary or the Treasurer of the Company,
and to apply to such officers for advice or  instructions in connection with its
duties,  and it shall not be liable for any  action  taken or  suffered  in good
faith by it in accordance with instructions of any such officer.

                  (h) The Rights Agent and any shareholder, director, officer or
employee of the Rights Agent may buy, sell or deal in any of the Rights or other
securities of the Company or become pecuniarily interested in any transaction in
which the Company or its  Subsidiaries  may be  interested,  or contract with or
lend money to the  Company or its  Subsidiaries  or  otherwise  act as fully and
freely as though it were not Rights Agent under this  Agreement.  Nothing herein
shall  preclude  the Rights  Agent  from  acting in any other  capacity  for the
Company or its Subsidiaries or for any other legal entity.

                  (i) The  Rights  Agent may  execute  and  exercise  any of the
rights or powers hereby vested in it or perform any duty hereunder either itself
or by or through  its  attorneys  or agents,  and the Rights  Agent shall not be
answerable or  accountable  for any act,  default,  neglect or misconduct of any
such attorneys or agents or for any loss to the Company  resulting from any such
act,  default,  neglect or misconduct;  provided,  however,  reasonable care was
exercised in the selection and continued employment thereof.

                  (j) No provision of this  Agreement  shall  require the Rights
Agent to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur any financial liability
in the  performance  of any of its duties  hereunder  or in the  exercise of its
rights  or  powers if there  shall be  reasonable  grounds  for  believing  that
repayment  of such  funds  or  adequate  indemnification  against  such  risk or
liability is not reasonably assured to it.

                  (k) If, with respect to any Right  Certificate  surrendered to
the Rights  Agent for exercise of transfer,  the form of  assignment  or form of
election to purchase, as the case may be, has either not been duly completed and
executed or indicates an affirmative response to enumerated clause 1 and/or 2 of
such Right Certificate,  the Rights Agent shall not take any further action with
respect to such requested exercise of transfer without first consulting with the
Company.

                  Section 21.  Change of Rights  Agent.  The Rights Agent or any
successor  Rights Agent may resign and be discharged  from its duties under this
Agreement  upon 30 days'  notice in writing  mailed to the  Company  and to each
transfer agent of the Preferred Stock or Common Stock by registered or certified
mail, and to the registered  holders of the Right Certificates (or, prior to the
Distribution  Date, the  associated  Common Stock  certificates)  by first-class
mail. The Company may remove the Rights Agent or any successor Rights Agent upon
30 days'  notice in  writing,  mailed to the Rights  Agent or  successor  Rights
Agent,  as the case may be, and to each transfer agent of the Preferred Stock or
Common Stock by registered or certified  mail, and to the registered  holders of
the Right  Certificates  (or,  prior to the  Distribution  Date,  the associated
Common Stock certificates) by first-class mail. If the Rights Agent shall resign
or be removed or shall otherwise become  incapable of acting,  the Company shall
appoint a successor to the Rights Agent.  If the Company shall fail to make such
appointment  within a period of 30 days after  giving  notice of such removal or
after it has been notified in writing of such  resignation  or incapacity by the
resigning or incapacitated  Rights Agent or by the registered  holder of a Right
Certificate  (or, prior to the  Distribution  Date, the associated  Common Stock
certificate) who shall, with such notice, submit such holder's Right Certificate
(or, prior to the Distribution  Date, the associated  Common Stock  certificate)
for inspection by the Company, then the registered holder may apply to any court
of  competent  jurisdiction  for the  appointment  of a new  Rights  Agent.  Any
successor  Rights  Agent,  whether  appointed by the Company or by such a court,
shall be a corporation organized and doing business under the laws of the United
States or of the States of  Minnesota  or New York (or of any other state of the
United  States so long as such  corporation  is  authorized  to do business as a
banking  institution  in the States of Minnesota or New York, in good  standing,
having an office in the  States of  Minnesota  or New York  which is  authorized
under such laws to exercise corporate trust powers and is subject to supervision
or  examination  by federal or state  authority and which has at the time of its
appointment  as Rights  Agent a  combined  capital  and  surplus  of at least $5
million. After appointment,  the successor Rights Agent shall be vested with the
same powers,  rights,  duties and  responsibilities as if it had been originally
named as Rights Agent without  further act or deed; but the  predecessor  Rights
Agent shall deliver and transfer to the  successor  Rights Agent all property at
the time held by it  hereunder,  and execute and deliver any further  assurance,
conveyance,  act or  deed  necessary  for  the  purpose  of  such  delivery  and
transference.  Not later than the  effective  date of any such  appointment  the
Company shall file notice thereof in writing with the  predecessor  Rights Agent
and each  transfer  agent of the  Preferred  Stock or Common  Stock,  and mail a
notice  thereof in writing to the registered  holders of the Right  Certificates
(or, prior to the Distribution Date, the associated Common Stock  certificates).
Failure  to give any  notice  provided  for in this  Section  21, or any  defect
therein,  shall, however, not affect the legality or validity of the resignation
or removal of the Rights Agent or the appointment of the successor Rights Agent,
as the case may be.

                  Section   22.    Issuance    of   New   Right    Certificates.
Notwithstanding  any of the provisions of this Agreement or of the Rights to the
contrary  other than the provisions of Section 7(e), the Company may, (a) at its
option,  issue new Right  Certificates  evidencing Rights in such form as may be
approved by its Board of  Directors to reflect any  adjustment  or change in the
Purchase  Price  per  share  and the  number or kind or class of shares or other
securities  or  property  purchasable  under  the  Right  Certificates  made  in
accordance with the provisions of this Agreement; and (b) if deemed necessary or
appropriate by the Board of Directors, issue Right Certificates representing the
appropriate number of Rights in connection with the sale or issuance  (including
upon exercise of any stock option or under any employee plan or arrangement,  or
upon the exercise,  conversion or exchange or securities  hereinafter  issued by
the Company) of shares of Common Stock following the Distribution Date and prior
to the Expiration Date; provided,  however,  that (i) no such Right Certificates
shall be issued if,  and to the extent  that,  the  Company  shall be advised by
counsel that such issuance would create a significant  risk of material  adverse
tax  consequences  to the Company or the Person to whom such Right  Certificates
would be issued,  and (ii) no such Right Certificates shall be issued if, and to
the extent that,  appropriate  adjustment shall otherwise have been made in lieu
of the issuance thereof.

                  Section 22A.  Exchange.

                  (a) The Board of  Directors  of the  Company (at a time when a
majority of the members of the Board of Directors  then  serving are  Continuing
Directors)  may, at its  option,  at any time after a Section  11(a)(ii)  Event,
exchange all or part of the then outstanding and exercisable Rights (which shall
not include  Rights that have become void pursuant to the  provisions of Section
7(e)) for Common  Stock,  with each  Right to be  exchanged  for such  number of
shares of Common  Stock as shall equal the result  obtained by dividing  (x) the
Purchase  Price by (y) the current per share  market  price of the Common  Stock
(determined  pursuant to Section 11(d) (such number of shares being  hereinafter
referred to as the "Exchange Ratio")). The Exchange Ratio shall be appropriately
adjusted  to reflect any stock  split,  stock  dividend  or similar  transaction
affecting  the  Common  Stock  that  occurs  after a  Section  11(a)(ii)  Event.
Notwithstanding the foregoing,  the Board of Directors shall not be empowered to
effect  such  exchange  at any  time  after  an  Acquiring  Person  becomes  the
Beneficial Owner of 50% or more of the Common Stock then outstanding.

                  (b)  Immediately  upon the action of the Board of Directors of
the Company  ordering  the exchange of any Rights  pursuant to paragraph  (a) of
this  Section 22A and without  any  further  action and without any notice,  the
right to exercise such Rights shall terminate and the only right thereafter of a
holder of such Rights  shall be to receive that number of shares of Common Stock
equal  to the  number  of such  Rights  held by such  holder  multiplied  by the
Exchange  Ratio.  The Company  shall  promptly  give  public  notice of any such
exchange;  provided,  however,  that the failure to give, or any defect in, such
notice  shall not affect the  validity of such  exchange.  The Company  promptly
shall mail a notice of any such exchange to all of the holders of such Rights at
their last addresses as they appear upon the registry books of the Rights Agent.
Any notice which is mailed in the manner herein  provided shall be deemed given,
whether or not the holder receives the notice. Each such notice of exchange will
state the  method by which the  exchange  of  Common  Stock for  Rights  will be
effected and, in the event of any partial  exchange,  the number of Rights which
will be exchanged.  Any partial exchange shall be effected pro rata based on the
number of  outstanding  and  exercisable  Rights  (other than Rights  which have
become void  pursuant to the  provisions of Section 7(e)) held by each holder of
Rights.

                  (c) In any exchange pursuant to this Section 22A, the Company,
at its option, may substitute Preferred Stock (or equivalent preferred stock, as
such term is defined in Section 11(b)) for Common Stock exchangeable for Rights,
at the  initial  rate of one  one-hundredth  of a share of  Preferred  Stock (or
equivalent preferred stock) for each share of Common Stock.

                  (d) In the event that  there  shall not be  sufficient  Common
Stock,  Preferred Stock or equivalent preferred stock issued but not outstanding
or  authorized  but unissued and  unreserved to permit any exchange of Rights as
contemplated  in  accordance  with this Section 22A, the Company  shall take all
such action as may be necessary to authorize additional Common Stock,  Preferred
Stock, or equivalent preferred stock for issuance upon exchange of the Rights.

                  (e) The Company  shall not be required to issue  fractions  of
shares of Common Stock or to distribute  certificates which evidence  fractional
Common Stock.  In lieu of such  fractional  shares of Common Stock,  the Company
shall pay to the  registered  holders of the Right  Certificates  with regard to
which such  fractional  shares of Common  Stock would  otherwise  be issuable an
amount in cash equal to the same fraction of the current market value of a whole
shares of Common  Stock.  For the  purposes of this  paragraph  (e), the current
market value of a whole  shares of Common Stock shall be the closing  price of a
share of Common Stock (as determined  pursuant to the second sentence of Section
11(d)) for the Trading Day immediately prior to the date of exchange pursuant to
this  Section  22A.  The Board of  Directors  of the Company  shall not have any
liability  to any Person as a result of the  exchange of Rights  pursuant to the
terms of this Section.

                  Section 23.  Redemption.

                  (a) At least a majority  of the  Continuing  Directors  (or if
there are no Continuing Directors, the Board of Directors) may, at their option,
at any time prior to the earlier of the Close of Business  (i) on the  thirtieth
day following the occurrence of a Section  11(a)(ii) Event, or (ii) on the Final
Expiration Date, redeem all but not less than all the then outstanding Rights at
a  redemption  price of $.01 per Right,  appropriately  adjusted  to reflect any
stock split,  stock dividend or similar  transaction  occurring after the Rights
Dividend  Declaration Date (such redemption price being hereinafter  referred to
as the Redemption  Price").  The Company may, at its option,  pay the Redemption
Price in cash,  Common Stock or other securities  (based upon the current market
value of such Common Stock or such other  securities at the time of redemption),
or  any  combination   thereof,  or  any  other  form  of  consideration  deemed
appropriate  by a  majority  of the  Continuing  Directors  (or if there  are no
Continuing  Directors,  the Board of  Directors).  Any  redemption of the Rights
pursuant  to this  Section 23 (a) may be made  effective  at such time,  on such
basis  and with  such  conditions  as such  Continuing  Directors  (or  Board of
Directors) may, in their sole discretion, establish. The Board of Directors, the
Continuing  Directors and the Company shall not have any liability to any Person
as a result of the redemption of Rights pursuant to the terms hereof.

                  (b)  Immediately  upon any action of the Continuing  Directors
(or the Board of  Directors)  redeeming  the Rights  pursuant to Section  23(a),
evidence of which shall have been filed with the Rights  Agent,  and without any
further  action and without any  notice,  the right to exercise  the Rights will
terminate  and the only right  thereafter  of the holders of Rights  shall be to
receive the Redemption Price for each Right so held.  Promptly after such action
the Company  shall give notice of such  redemption  to the Rights  Agent and the
registered  holders of the then outstanding Rights by mailing such notice to all
such holders at their last  addresses as they appear upon the registry  books of
the Company  maintained by the Company,  the Rights Agent or the transfer  agent
for the Common  Stock,  as the case may be.  Any  notice  which is mailed in the
manner herein provided shall be deemed given, whether or not the holder receives
the notice.  Each such notice of  redemption  will state the method by which the
payment of the Redemption Price will be made.

                  Section 24.  Notice of Certain Events.

                  (a) In case the Company shall  propose,  at any time after the
Distribution  Date, (i) to pay any dividend payable in stock of any class to the
holders of Preferred  Stock or to make any other  distribution to the holders of
Preferred Stock (other than a regular periodic cash dividend out of the earnings
or  retained  earnings  of the  Company)  or (ii) to  offer  to the  holders  of
Preferred  Stock  rights  or  warrants  to  subscribe  for  or to  purchase  any
additional  Preferred  Stock  or  shares  of stock  of any  class  or any  other
securities,  rights or options,  or (iii) to effect any  reclassification of its
Preferred Stock (other than a reclassification involving only the subdivision of
outstanding  shares of Preferred  Stock), or (iv) to effect any consolidation or
merger into or with,  or to effect any sale or other  transfer (or to permit one
or more of its Subsidiaries to effect any sale or other  transfer),  in one or a
series of related transactions,  of more than 50% of the assets or earning power
of the Company and its  Subsidiaries  (taken as a whole) to, any other Person or
Persons,  other than a merger in which the Company is the surviving  corporation
and no vote of shareholders of the Company is required to consummate the merger,
or (v) to effect the  liquidation,  dissolution  or  winding up of the  Company,
then, in each such case, the Company shall give to each  registered  holder of a
Right  Certificate,  to the extent feasible and in accordance with Section 25, a
notice of such  proposed  action,  which  shall  specify the record date for the
purposes of such stock dividend, distribution of rights or warrants, or the date
on  which  such   reclassification,   consolidation,   merger,  sale,  transfer,
liquidation,  dissolution  or  winding  up is to  take  place  and  the  date of
participation  therein by the holders of shares of the Preferred  Stock,  if any
such date is to be fixed,  and such notice  shall be so given in the case of any
action  covered by clause (i) or (ii) above at least 20 days prior to the record
date for  determining  holders of the shares of Preferred  Stock for purposes of
such action, and in the case of any such other action, at least 20 days prior to
the date of the  taking of such  proposed  action  or the date of  participation
therein by the holders of the shares of Preferred Stock,  whichever shall be the
earlier.

                  (b) In case any Section 11(a)(ii) Event shall occur,  then, in
any such case, the Company shall as soon as practicable  thereafter give to each
registered  holder  of a  Right  Certificate,  to  the  extent  feasible  and in
accordance  with  Section 25, a notice of the  occurrence  of such event,  which
shall specify the event and the  consequences  of the event to holders of Rights
under Section 11(a)(ii).

                  Section 25.  Notices.  Notices or demands  authorized  by this
Agreement  to be given or made by the Rights Agent or by the holder of any Right
Certificate to or on the Company shall be sufficiently  given or made if sent by
first-class mail, postage prepaid,  addressed (until another address is filed in
writing with the Rights Agent) as follows:

                           National Computer Systems, Inc.
                           11000 Prairie Lakes Drive
                           Eden Prairie, Minnesota 55344
                           Attention: Corporate Secretary

Subject to the provisions of Section 21, any notice or demand authorized by this
Agreement  to be given or made by the  Company  or by the  holder  of any  Right
Certificate  to or on the Rights  Agent shall be  sufficiently  given or made if
sent by first-class mail,  postage prepaid,  addressed (until another address is
filed in writing with the Company) as follows:

                           Norwest Bank Minnesota, N.A.
                           Eighth Street and Marquette Avenue
                           Minneapolis, Minnesota 55479
                           Attention: Corporate Trust Department-Stock Transfer

Notices  or  demands  authorized  by this  Agreement  to be given or made by the
Company or the Rights Agent to the holder of any Right Certificate (or, prior to
the  Distribution  Date,  the  associated  Common  Stock  certificate)  shall be
sufficiently  given  or  made  if sent by  first-class  mail,  postage  prepaid,
addressed  to such holder at the address of such holder as shown on the registry
books of the Company maintained by the Company, the Rights Agent or the transfer
agent for the Common Stock, as the case may be.

                  Section 26.  Supplements and  Amendments.  The Company and the
Rights Agent shall from time to time,  if the Company so directs,  supplement or
amend this Agreement  without the approval of any holders of Right  Certificates
(or, prior to the Distribution  Date, the associated Common Stock  certificates)
in order (i) to cure any ambiguity  herein,  (ii) to correct or  supplement  any
provision herein which may be defective or inconsistent with any other provision
herein,  (iii) to extend the period of redemption  provided for in Section 23 or
the Final Expiration Date,  notwithstanding anything to the contrary provided in
clause (v) hereof,  (iv) prior to the Distribution  Date, to otherwise change or
supplement  any  provision  herein  in any  manner  which the  Company  may deem
necessary  or  desirable to  effectuate  the  purposes of this  Agreement or (v)
following the Distribution Date, to otherwise change or supplement any provision
herein in any manner which the Company may deem necessary or desirable and which
shall not adversely  affect the  interests of the holders of Right  Certificates
(other  than an  Acquiring  Person  or an  Adverse  Person or any  Affiliate  or
Associate  thereof);   provided,   however,  that  this  Agreement  may  not  be
supplemented  or amended in any way (other than pursuant to clauses (i) and (ii)
above) at any time after the occurrence of a Section 11(a)(ii) Event without the
consent  of a majority  of the  Continuing  Directors.  Upon the  delivery  of a
certificate  from an  appropriate  officer of the Company  which states that the
proposed supplement or amendment is in compliance with the terms of this Section
26, the Rights Agent shall  execute  such  supplement  or  amendment  unless the
Rights  Agent  shall  have  determined  in good faith  that such  supplement  or
amendment  would adversely  affect its interests under this Agreement.  Prior to
the  Distribution  Date,  the interests of the holders of Rights shall be deemed
coincident with the interests of the holders of Common Stock.

                  Section 27.  Successors.  All  the covenants and provisions of
this  Agreement by or for the benefit of the Company or the  Rights Agent  shall
bind  and  inure to  the benefit  of  their respective  successors  and  assigns
hereunder.

                  Section  28.  Benefits  of  this  Agreement.  Nothing  in this
Agreement  shall be construed to give to any Person other than the Company,  the
Rights Agent and the registered holders of the Right Certificates (and, prior to
the Distribution  Date, the associated  Common Stock  certificates) any legal or
equitable right, remedy or claim under this Agreement;  but this Agreement shall
be for the sole and exclusive  benefit of the Company,  the Rights Agent and the
registered  holders of the Right  Certificates  (and,  prior to the Distribution
Date, the registered holders of the Common Stock).

                  Section 29.  Administration  and  Interpretation by Directors.
The  Board  of  Directors  (and/or,  as  provided  for  herein,  the  Continuing
Directors)  shall have the  exclusive  power and  authority to  administer  this
Agreement  and to  exercise  all rights and powers  specifically  granted to the
Board of Directors or the Company (and/or, as provided herein, a majority of the
Continuing  Directors,  as the case may be) or  necessary  or  advisable  in the
administration  of this Agreement,  including  without  limitation the right and
power  to  interpret  this  Agreement  and to  make  all  determinations  deemed
necessary or advisable  for the  administration  of this  Agreement.  Any action
which,  pursuant  to this  Agreement,  may not be  taken  without  the  consent,
approval or determination of a majority of Continuing Directors may not be taken
if the Company, at the time of the proposed action, has no Continuing Directors.
All such acts,  interpretations  and determinations done or made by the Board of
Directors  and/or a majority of the Continuing  Directors in good faith shall be
final,  conclusive and binding on the Company,  the Rights Agent and the holders
of the Rights. Accordingly, the Board of Directors and the Continuing Directors,
as the case may be,  shall  not be liable to the  holders  of the  Rights or any
other party for any  determination  made,  action taken or action  omitted to be
taken pursuant to the terms of this Agreement, if such determination,  action or
omitted action was made or taken or omitted in good faith.

                  Section 30. Severability.  If any term, provision, covenant or
restriction  of this Agreement is held by a court of competent  jurisdiction  or
other  authority  to be invalid,  void or  unenforceable,  the  remainder of the
terms, provisions,  covenants and restrictions of this Agreement shall remain in
full force and effect and shall in no way be affected,  impaired or invalidated;
provided, however, that notwithstanding anything in this Agreement or the Rights
to the contrary, if any such term, provision, covenant or restriction is held by
such court or authority to be invalid,  void or unenforceable  and a majority of
the Continuing Directors (or if there are no Continuing Directors,  the Board of
Directors)  determines  in their good faith  judgment  that severing the invalid
language from this  Agreement  would  adversely  affect the purpose or effect of
this  Agreement,  the  right of  redemption  set  forth in  Section  23 shall be
reinstated and shall not expire until the Close of Business on the fifteenth day
following the date of such determination.

                  Section  31.  Governing  Law.  This  Agreement  and each Right
Certificate  issued  hereunder  shall be deemed to be a contract  made under the
laws of the State of  Minnesota  and for all  purposes  shall be governed by and
construed in accordance  with the laws of such State  applicable to contracts to
be made and performed entirely within such State.

                  Section 32.   Counterparts.  This Agreement may be executed in
any number of counterparts and each of such counterparts  shall for all purposes
be deemed to be an original, and all such counterparts shall together constitute
but one and the same instrument.

                  Section 33.   Descriptive  Headings.  Descriptive  headings of
the several Sections  of this Agreement  are inserted  for convenience  only and
shall not control or affect the meaning or construction of any of the provisions
hereof.

                  Section 34. Costs of  Enforcement.  The Company agrees that if
it  fails  after a Stock  Acquisition  Date to  fulfill  any of its  obligations
pursuant to this  Agreement,  then the Company will  reimburse the holder of any
Right for the costs and expenses,  including legal fees, incurred by such holder
to enhance his rights pursuant to such Right or this Agreement.

                  IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Second
Amended and Restated  Agreement to be duly executed as of the day and year above
written.

                                             NATIONAL COMPUTER SYSTEMS, INC.



                                             By:  /s/ J. W. Fenton, Jr.

                                             Its: Secretary-Treasurer


                                             NORWEST BANK MINNESOTA, N.A.


                                             By: /s/Susan J. Roeder

                                             Its: Account Administrator


<PAGE>


                                                                    EXHIBIT A

                           CERTIFICATE OF DESIGNATIONS
                                       OF
                     SERIES A PARTICIPATING PREFERRED STOCK
                                       OF
                         NATIONAL COMPUTER SYSTEMS, INC.
               Pursuant To Section 302A.401 of Minnesota Statutes



                  I, J. W. Fenton, Jr., Secretary, of National Computer Systems,
Inc.,  a  corporation  organized  and  existing  under  the  Minnesota  Business
Corporation  Act (the  "Corporation"),  do  hereby  certify  that the  following
resolution was duly adopted pursuant to Minnesota Statutes, Section 302A.401:

                  RESOLVED,  that  there  is  hereby  established  a  series  of
Preferred Stock having the relative  rights and  preferences  that are set forth
below:

                  Section 1.  Designation and Amount.  The shares of such series
shall be  designated  as "Series A  Participating  Preferred  Stock," with a par
value of $100 per share (the "Series A Preferred Stock").
The number of shares constituting such series shall be 250,000.

                  Section 2.        Dividends and Distributions.

                  (A)  Subject  to the  rights of the  holders  of any series of
Preferred  Stock  ranking prior and superior to the shares of Series A Preferred
Stock,  whether now existing or  hereinafter  created,  the holders of shares of
Series A Preferred Stock shall be entitled to receive,  when, as and if declared
by the Board of Directors out of funds  legally  available  therefor,  quarterly
dividends  payable in cash on the  fifteenth day of March,  June,  September and
December  in each  year  (each  such date  being  hereinafter  referred  to as a
"Quarterly  Dividend Payment Date"),  commencing on the first Quarterly Dividend
Payment  Date  after the first  issuance  of a share or  fraction  of a share of
Series A Preferred  Stock,  in an amount per share (rounded to the nearest cent)
equal to the  greater of (a) $25.00 or (b),  subject to  adjustment  as provided
herein from time to time,  100 times the  aggregate per share amount of all cash
dividends and 100 times the aggregate per share amount  (payable in kind) of all
non-cash  dividends  or other  distributions  (other than a dividend  payable in
shares of Common  Stock or a  subdivision  of the  outstanding  shares of Common
Stock,  by  reclassification  or otherwise),  declared on the Common Stock,  par
value  $.03 per  share,  of the  Corporation  (the  "Common  Stock")  since  the
immediately  preceding  Quarterly Dividend Payment Date, or, with respect to the
first Quarterly  Dividend Payment Date, since the first issuance of any share or
fraction of a share of Series A Preferred  Stock.  In the event the  Corporation
shall at any time (i) declare any dividend on Common Stock  payable in shares of
Common Stock, (ii) subdivide the outstanding  Common Stock, or (iii) combine the
outstanding Common Stock into a smaller number of shares, then in each such case
the amount to which  holders of shares of Series A Preferred  Stock are entitled
under clause (b) of the preceding  sentence shall be adjusted by multiplying the
amount  immediately  prior to such event by a fraction the numerator of which is
the number of shares of Common Stock  outstanding  immediately  after such event
and the  denominator  of which is the number of shares of Common Stock that were
outstanding immediately prior to such event.

                  (B) The  Corporation  shall declare a dividend or distribution
on the Series A Preferred  Stock as provided in paragraph (A) above  immediately
after it declares a dividend or  distribution  on the Common Stock (other than a
dividend  payable in shares of Common  Stock);  provided  that,  in the event no
dividend or distribution shall have been declared on the Common Stock during the
period  between any  Quarterly  Dividend  Payment  Date and the next  subsequent
Quarterly  Dividend Payment Date, a dividend of $25.00 per share on the Series A
Preferred  Stock  shall  nevertheless  be payable on such  subsequent  Quarterly
Dividend Payment Date.

                  (C) Dividends  shall accrue and be  cumulative on  outstanding
shares of Series A Preferred Stock from their date of issue.  Accrued but unpaid
dividends  shall not bear  interest.  Dividends  paid on the Series A  Preferred
Stock in an  amount  less than the total  amount of such  dividends  at the time
accrued  and payable  thereon  shall be  allocated  pro rata among all shares of
Series A Preferred  Stock  outstanding.  The Board of Directors may fix a record
date for the  determination  of  holders of shares of Series A  Preferred  Stock
entitled to receive  payment of a dividend  or  distribution  declared  thereon,
which  record date shall be no more than 30 days prior to the date fixed for the
payment thereof.

                  Section 3.  Voting Rights.  The  holders of shares of Series A
Preferred Stock shall have the following voting rights:

                  (A) Subject to the provision for  adjustment  hereinafter  set
forth,  each share of Series A Preferred  Stock shall entitle the holder thereof
to 100  votes on all  matters  submitted  to a vote of the  shareholders  of the
Corporation.  In the event the  Corporation  shall at any time (i)  declare  any
dividend on Common Stock payable in shares of Common Stock,  (ii)  subdivide the
outstanding  Common Stock, or (iii) combine the outstanding  Common Stock into a
smaller  number of shares,  then in each such case the number of votes per share
to which  holders of shares of Series A Preferred  Stock are  entitled  shall be
adjusted by multiplying the number of votes per share  immediately prior to such
event by a  fraction  the  numerator  of which is the number of shares of Common
Stock  outstanding  immediately after such event and the denominator of which is
the number of shares of Common Stock that were outstanding  immediately prior to
such event.

                  (B) Except as otherwise provided herein or by law, the holders
of shares of Series A Preferred  Stock and the holders of shares of Common Stock
shall  vote  together  as  one  class  on all  matters  submitted  to a vote  of
shareholders of the Corporation.

                  (C) (i) If at any time  dividends  on any  Series A  Preferred
Stock shall be in arrears in an amount equal to six quarterly dividends thereon,
all  holders of  Preferred  Stock  (including  holders of the Series A Preferred
Stock) with  dividends in arrears in an amount equal to six quarterly  dividends
thereon,  irrespective of series,  shall,  voting as a class,  have the right to
elect two Directors.

                      (ii) Any  director  who  shall  have  been elected  by the
holders  of the  Preferred Stock  as a class pursuant  to subparagraph (i) shall
hold  office for a term  expiring (subject to the earlier termination  upon cure
of the  default  in payment of  dividends), at the next annual meeting of share-
holders, and  during such term  may be removed at any  time, as permitted by the
By-Laws  of  the Corporation,  by,  and only  by, the  affirmative  votes of the
holders of record of a majority  of the outstanding  shares of  Preferred  Stock
given at a  special  meeting  of such shareholders called for that purpose,  and
any vacancy  created by such  removal may  also  be filled  at such  meeting.  A
meeting  for  the  removal  of a director elected by the  holders  of  Preferred
Stock as a class and the filling of the vacancy created thereby  shall be called
by  the Secretary of the Corporation within ten days after  receipt of a request
therefor, signed  by the holders of not less  than 25% of the outstanding shares
of the Preferred Stock. Such meeting shall be held at the  earliest  practicable
date  thereafter upon  the  notice required for annual meetings of shareholders.

                      (iii) Any vacancy caused by the death or  resignation of a
director  who  shall have  been elected by  the holders of Preferred  Stock as a
class  pursuant to  subparagraph  (i) may be  filled only  by the holders of the
outstanding  Preferred  Stock at a meeting called for that purpose.  The meeting
shall be called by the Secretary of the Corporation at the earliest  practicable
date after the event causing the vacancy and in any event within  ten days after
receipt of a written  request signed by the holders of record of at least 10% of
the  outstanding  shares of Preferred  Stock upon the notice required for annual
meetings of shareholders.

                      (iv)  If any  meeting of  the holders  of Preferred  Stock
required by  this Section  3 shall not have been  called within  ten days  after
personal  service of  a written request  therefor  upon  the  Secretary  of  the
Corporation or  within fifteen days after mailing the same  by  registered  mail
addressed to the Secretary of the Corporation at its principal office,  then the
holders of record of at least 10% of the outstanding  shares of Preferred  Stock
may designate in writing one of their number to call such meeting at the expense
of the  Corporation  and such meeting may be called by such person so designated
upon  the notice  required for  annual meetings of  shareholders.  Any holder of
Preferred  Stock so  designated  shall have  access to the stock  records of the
Corporation  for  the  purpose  of  giving  notice  of  meetings of shareholders
pursuant hereto.

                      (v) Any meeting of the holders of Preferred Stock held for
voting for the election or removal of a  director shall be held at the  place at
which the last annual  meeting of  shareholders was held.  At such meeting,  the
presence in  person or by proxy  of the holders of a majority of the outstanding
shares of  all outstanding  Preferred  Stock shall be  required to  constitute a
quorum; in the absence of a quorum a majority of the  holders  present in person
or by  proxy shall  have  the power to  adjourn  the  meeting  from time to time
without  notice, other than announcement at the meeting, until a quorum shall be
present.

                  (D) Except as set forth herein or provided by law,  holders of
Series A Preferred  Stock shall have no special  voting rights and their consent
shall not be required for taking any corporate action.

                  Section 4.  Certain Restrictions.

                  (A)  Whenever  quarterly   dividends  or  other  dividends  or
distributions  payable on the Series A Preferred  Stock as provided in Section 2
are in  arrears,  thereafter  and until all  accrued  and unpaid  dividends  and
distributions,  whether or not declared,  on shares of Series A Preferred  Stock
outstanding shall have been paid in full, the Corporation shall not

                       (i)   declare  or  pay  dividends  on,  make  any   other
distributions  on, or redeem or purchase or otherwise  acquire for consideration
any shares of stock ranking junior (either as to dividends or upon  liquidation,
dissolution or winding up) to the Series A Preferred Stock;

                       (ii)  declare  or  pay  dividends  on  or  make any other
distributions on any shares of stock ranking on a parity (either as to dividends
or upon  liquidation,  dissolution  or winding  up) with the Series A  Preferred
Stock,  except  dividends  paid ratably on the Series A Preferred  Stock and all
such parity stock on which  dividends are payable or in arrears in proportion to
the total amounts to which the holders of all such shares are then entitled;

                       (iii)  redeem  or   purchase  or  otherwise  acquire  for
consideration shares of any stock ranking on a parity (either as to dividends or
upon liquidation,  dissolution or winding up) with the Series A Preferred Stock,
provided  that the  Corporation  may at any time  redeem,  purchase or otherwise
acquire  shares of any such parity  stock in exchange for shares of any stock of
the  Corporation  ranking  junior  (either as to dividends or upon  dissolution,
liquidation or winding up) to the Series A Preferred Stock;

                       (iv) purchase or otherwise  acquire for consideration any
shares of Series A Preferred  Stock,  or any shares of stock ranking on a parity
with the Series A Preferred  Stock,  except in accordance  with a purchase offer
made in writing to all  holders of such  shares  upon such terms as the Board of
Directors, after consideration of the respective annual dividend rates and other
relative  rights and  preferences  of the respective  series and classes,  shall
determine in good faith will result in fair and  equitable  treatment  among the
respective series or classes.

                  (B) The  Corporation  shall not permit any  subsidiary  of the
Corporation  to purchase or otherwise  acquire for  consideration  any shares of
stock of the Corporation  unless the Corporation  could,  under paragraph (A) of
this Section 4,  purchase or  otherwise  acquire such shares at such time and in
such manner.

                  Section 5. Reacquired Shares. Any shares of Series A Preferred
Stock  purchased  or  otherwise  acquired  by  the  Corporation  in  any  manner
whatsoever  shall be  retired  and  cancelled  promptly  after  the  acquisition
thereof.  All such shares shall upon their  cancellation  become  authorized but
unissued  shares of Preferred  Stock and may be reissued as part of a new series
of Preferred  Stock to be created by resolution or  resolutions  of the Board of
Directors,  subject to the  conditions  and  restrictions  on issuance set forth
herein.

                  Section 6.  Liquidation,  Dissolution  or Winding Up. Upon any
voluntary  liquidation,  dissolution  or  winding  up  of  the  Corporation,  no
distribution  shall be made (1) to the holders of shares of stock ranking junior
(either as to dividends or upon  liquidation,  dissolution or winding up) to the
Series A Preferred Stock unless,  prior thereto, the holders of shares of Series
A Preferred  Stock shall have received  $100 per share,  plus an amount equal to
accrued and unpaid dividends and distributions thereon, whether or not declared,
to the date of such  payment,  provided  that the  holders of shares of Series A
Preferred Stock shall be entitled to receive an aggregate amount per share equal
to 100 times the  aggregate  amount to be  distributed  per share to  holders of
Common  Stock or (2) to the holders of stock  ranking on a parity  (either as to
dividends  or upon  liquidation,  dissolution  or winding  up) with the Series A
Preferred  Stock,  except  distributions  made ratably on the Series A Preferred
Stock and all other such  parity  stock in  proportion  to the total  amounts to
which the  holders  of all such  shares  are  entitled  upon  such  liquidation,
dissolution  or winding up. In the event the  Corporation  shall at any time (i)
declare any dividend on Common  Stock  payable in shares of Common  Stock,  (ii)
subdivide the outstanding  Common Stock, or (iii) combine the outstanding Common
Stock  into a smaller  number of  shares,  then in each such case the  amount to
which  holders  of shares of Series A  Preferred  Stock are  entitled  under the
proviso in clause (i) of the preceding sentence shall be adjusted by multiplying
the amount in effect immediately prior to such event by a fraction the numerator
of which is the number of shares of Common Stock  outstanding  immediately after
such event and the  denominator of which is the number of shares of Common Stock
that were outstanding immediately prior to such event.

                  Section 7. Consolidation, Merger, etc. In case the Corporation
shall enter into any consolidation,  merger, combination or other transaction in
which the shares of Common Stock are  exchanged  for or changed into other stock
or securities,  cash and/or any other property, then in any such case the shares
of Series A Preferred  Stock shall at the same time be  similarly  exchanged  or
changed  in an  amount  per  share  (subject  to the  provision  for  adjustment
hereinafter  set  forth)  equal to 100  times  the  aggregate  amount  of stock,
securities,  cash and/or any other property  (payable in kind),  as the case may
be, into which or for which each share of Common Stock is changed or  exchanged.
In the event the  Corporation  shall at any time (i)  declare  any  dividend  on
Common Stock payable in shares of Common Stock,  (ii) subdivide the  outstanding
Common  Stock,  or (iii)  combine the  outstanding  Common  Stock into a smaller
number of  shares,  then in each such case the  amount to which the  holders  of
shares of Series A Preferred  Stock are  entitled as set forth in the  preceding
sentence,  shall be adjusted  by  multiplying  the amount in effect  immediately
prior to such event by a fraction the numerator of which is the number of shares
of Common Stock outstanding  immediately after such event and the denominator of
which is the number of shares of Common Stock that were outstanding  immediately
prior to such event.

                  Section 8.  No Redemption.  The  shares of Series  A Preferred
Stock shall not be redeemable.

                  Section 9.  Ranking.  The Series A Preferred  Stock shall rank
junior to all other series of the  Corporation's  Preferred  Stock,  whether now
existing  or  hereinafter  created,  as to the  payment  of  dividends  and  the
distribution  of  assets,  unless  the terms of any such  series  shall  provide
otherwise.

                  Section 10.  Amendment.  The Articles of  Incorporation of the
Corporation  shall not be further  amended in any manner which would  materially
alter or change the  rights,  powers or  preferences  of the Series A  Preferred
Stock so as to affect them adversely without the affirmative vote of the holders
of two-thirds  or more of the  outstanding  shares of Series A Preferred  Stock,
voting separately as a class.

                  Section 11.  Fractional  Shares.  Series A Preferred Stock may
be issued in fractions of a share which shall entitle the holder, in  proportion
to  such  holder's  fractional  shares,   to  exercise  voting  rights,  receive
dividends, participate  in  distributions  and to have the  benefit of all other
rights of holders of Series A Preferred Stock.



         IN  WITNESS  WHEREOF,  I  have  subscribed  my  name  this  ___  day of
__________, ____.

                                                  ___________________________
                                                  Secretary

         The  foregoing instrument  was acknowledged before me this _____ day of
______________, _______ by J. W. Fenton, Jr., the Secretary of National Computer
Systems, Inc., a Minnesota corporation, on behalf of the Corporation.


                                                   __________________________   
                                                   Notary Public


(notarial seal)


<PAGE>


                                                                EXHIBIT B


                [Amended and Restated Form of Right Certificate]

Certificate No. R-____     __________ Rights

                  NOT  EXERCISABLE  AFTER JULY 6, 2002 OR EARLIER IF REDEEMED BY
                  THE  COMPANY.  THE RIGHTS ARE  SUBJECT TO  REDEMPTION,  AT THE
                  OPTION  OF THE  COMPANY,  AT $.01 PER  RIGHT ON THE  TERMS SET
                  FORTH IN THE RIGHTS AGREEMENT. UNDER CERTAIN CIRCUMSTANCES SET
                  FORTH IN THE RIGHTS AGREEMENT, RIGHTS ISSUED TO OR HELD BY ANY
                  ACQUIRING  PERSON OR  ADVERSE  PERSON OR THEIR  AFFILIATES  OR
                  ASSOCIATES (AS SUCH TERMS ARE DEFINED IN THE RIGHTS AGREEMENT)
                  OR THEIR TRANSFEREES BECOME VOID.

                                Right Certificate
                         NATIONAL COMPUTER SYSTEMS, INC.

                  This certifies that ____________,  or registered  assigns,  is
the  registered  owner of the  number of Rights set forth  above,  each of which
entitles the owner thereof,  subject to the terms,  provisions and conditions of
the Second Amended and Restated Rights Agreement (the "Rights  Agreement") dated
as of March 4,  1996  between  National  Computer  Systems,  Inc.,  a  Minnesota
corporation  (the  "Company"),  and Norwest Bank  Minnesota,  N.A.  (the "Rights
Agent"),  to purchase from the Company at any time after the  Distribution  Date
(as such  term is  defined  in the  Rights  Agreement)  and  prior to 5:00  P.M.
(Minneapolis,  Minnesota  time) on July 6, 2002, at the office or offices of the
Rights Agent designated for such purpose, or its successors as Rights Agent, one
one-hundredth  of a fully paid,  non-assessable  share of Series A Participating
Preferred Stock (the "Preferred  Stock") of the Company,  at a purchase price of
$55 per one  one-hundredth  share (the Purchase  Price"),  upon presentation and
surrender of this Right  Certificate  with the Form of Election to Exercise duly
completed and executed. The number of Rights evidenced by this Right Certificate
(and the number of shares  which may be  purchased  upon  exercise  thereof) set
forth above,  and the Purchase  Price per share set forth above,  are the number
and  Purchase  Price  as of  ______________,  based  on the  Preferred  Stock as
constituted at such date.

________________
* The portion of the legend in brackets shall be inserted only if applicable and
shall replace the preceding sentence.

<PAGE>


                  As provided in the Rights  Agreement,  the Purchase  Price and
the number and kind of shares of Preferred Stock which may be purchased upon the
exercise  of the Rights  evidenced  by this  Right  Certificate  are  subject to
modification  and adjustment  upon the happening of certain  events.  In certain
circumstances and as described in the Rights Agreement,  cash, property,  common
stock or other  securities  may be issued by the  Company  in lieu of  Preferred
Stock upon the exercise of the Rights.

                  This  Right  Certificate  is  subject  to all  of  the  terms,
provisions and conditions of the Rights Agreement,  which terms,  provisions and
conditions are hereby  incorporated herein by reference and made part hereof and
to which Rights Agreement reference is hereby made for a full description of the
rights, limitations of rights,  obligations,  duties and immunities hereunder of
the Rights Agent, the Company and the holders of the Right Certificates.  Copies
of the Rights  Agreement are on file at the principal office of the Rights Agent
and are also available upon written request to the Rights Agent.

                  This  Right   Certificate,   with  or  without   other   Right
Certificates,  upon  surrender  at the office or  offices  of the  Rights  Agent
designated for such purpose,  may be exchanged for another Right  Certificate or
Right Certificates of like tenor and date evidencing Rights entitling the holder
to purchase a like  aggregate  number of one  one-hundredth  shares of Preferred
Stock as the Rights  evidenced by the Right  Certificate  or Right  Certificates
surrendered  shall  have  entitled  such  holder  to  purchase.  If  this  Right
Certificate  shall be exercised in part, the holder shall be entitled to receive
upon surrender  hereof another Right  Certificate or Right  Certificates for the
number of whole Rights not exercised.

                  Subject to the provisions of the Rights Agreement,  the Rights
evidenced by this Right Certificate may be redeemed by the Company at its option
(but,  in  certain  events,  only  with the  concurrence  of a  majority  of the
Continuing Directors,  as defined in the Rights Agreement) at a redemption price
of $.01  (subject  to  adjustment  in  certain  circumstances)  per  Right  (the
"Redemption Price").

                  No  fractional  shares of Preferred  Stock will be issued upon
the exercise of any Right or Rights evidenced hereby (other than fractions which
are integral multiples of one one-hundredth of a share of Preferred Stock, which
may, at the election of the Company, be evidenced by depositary receipts), if in
lieu thereof a cash payment is made, as provided in the Rights Agreement.

                  No  holder  of this  Right  Certificate,  as  such,  shall  be
entitled to vote or receive dividends or be deemed for any purpose the holder of
shares of the  Preferred  Stock or of any other  securities of the Company which
may at any time be issuable on the exercise hereof, nor shall anything contained
in the Rights Agreement or herein be construed to confer upon the holder hereof,
as such,  any of the rights of a shareholder of the Company or any right to vote
for the election of directors or upon any matter  submitted to  shareholders  at
any meeting thereof,  or to give or withhold consent to any corporate action, or
to receive notice of meetings or other actions affecting shareholders (except as
provided  in the Rights  Agreement),  or to receive  dividends  or  subscription
rights,  or  otherwise,  until  the  Right or  Rights  evidenced  by this  Right
Certificate shall have been exercised as provided in the Rights Agreement.

                  This Right  Certificate  shall not be valid or obligatory  for
any purpose until it shall have been countersigned by the Rights Agent.

                  WITNESS  the  manual  or  facsimile  signature  of the  proper
officers of the Company.

                  Dated as of _______________.

ATTEST:                                     NATIONAL COMPUTER SYSTEMS, INC.


____________________________                By:_____________________________
        Secretary                                    
                                            Title:__________________________

Countersigned:

NORWEST BANK MINNEAPOLIS,
    NATIONAL ASSOCIATION


By: ___________________________
      Authorized Signature


<PAGE>


                   [Form of Reverse Side of Right Certificate]


                               FORM OF ASSIGNMENT

                (To be executed by the registered holder if such
               holder desires to transfer the Right Certificate.)



         FOR VALUE RECEIVED ______________________________ hereby sells, assigns
and transfers unto_____________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
                  (Please print name and address of transferee)
this Right Certificate, together with all right, title and interest therein, and
does hereby irrevocably  constitute and appoint Attorney, to transfer the within
Right Certificate on the books of the within-named  Company,  with full power of
substitution.

         The  undersigned  hereby  certifies  that the Rights  evidenced by this
Right  Certificate are not  beneficially  owned by and were not acquired from an
Acquiring  Person,  an Adverse  Person or an Affiliate or Associate  thereof (as
such terms are defined in the Rights Agreement).


         Dated as of___________________.


                                      _________________________________
                                       Signature


Signature Guaranteed:                 (Signature must conform in all respects to
                                      name of holder as specified on the face of
                                      this Right Certificate)


<PAGE>


                          FORM OF ELECTION TO EXERCISE

                  (To be executed if holder desires to exercise
                  Rights represented by the Right Certificate.)


To  NATIONAL COMPUTER SYSTEMS, INC.:

         The   undersigned   hereby   irrevocably   elects  to  exercise ______
Rights represented by this Right Certificate to purchase the shares of Preferred
Stock issuable upon the exercise of such Rights (or such other securities of the
Company  or of any other  person  which may be  issuable  upon  exercise  of the
Rights) and requests that certificates for such shares be issued in the name of:

Please insert social security
or other identifying number:____________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________
                         (Please print name and address)


If such  number of Rights  shall not be all the Rights  evidenced  by this Right
Certificate,  a new Right  Certificate for the balance  remaining of such Rights
shall be registered in the name of and delivered to:

Please insert social security
or other identifying number:___________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________
                         (Please print name and address)


         The  undersigned  hereby  certifies  that the Rights  evidenced by this
Right  Certificate are not  beneficially  owned by and were not acquired from an
Acquiring  Person,  an Adverse  Person or an Affiliate or Associate  thereof (as
such terms are defined in the Rights Agreement).

         Dated as of _______________.




                                           _________________________________
                                           Signature

                                           (Signature must conform in all
                                            respects to name of holder as
                                            specified on the face of this Right
                                            Certificate)
Signature Guaranteed:





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