<PAGE>
As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 20, 1999
Registration No. 333-78149
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- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
---------------
AMENDMENT NO. 2
TO
FORM S-3
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
---------------
National Discount Brokers Group, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
22-2394480
(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)
10 Exchange Place Centre
Jersey City, New Jersey 07302
(201) 946-2200
(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code,
of registrant's principal executive offices)
---------------
Frank E. Lawatsch, Jr., Esq.
Executive Vice President, Secretary and General Counsel
National Discount Brokers Group, Inc.
10 Exchange Place Centre
Jersey City, New Jersey 07302
(201) 946-2200
Fax: (201) 946-4510
(Name and address, including zip code, and telephone number,
including area code, of agent for service)
---------------
Copies to:
<TABLE>
<S> <C> <C>
James B. Keenan, Esq. Eduardo Vidal, Esq. Richard C. Tilghman, Jr. Esq.
Gibbons, Del Deo, Dolan, Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP Piper & Marbury L.L.P.
Griffinger & Vecchione 101 Park Avenue 36 South Charles Street
One Riverfront Plaza New York, New York 10178 Baltimore, Maryland 21201
Newark, New Jersey 07102 (212) 309-6000 (410) 539-2530
(973) 596-4500 Fax: (212) 309-6273 Fax: (410) 539-0489
Fax: (973) 596-0545
</TABLE>
Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: As soon as
practicable after the effective date of this Registration Statement.
If the only securities being registered on this form are being offered
pursuant to dividend or interest reinvestment plans, please check the following
box. [_]
If any of the securities being registered on this form are to be offered on a
delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of
1933, other than securities offered only in connection with dividend or
interest reinvestment plans, check the following box. [_]
If this form is filed to register additional securities for an offering
pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following
box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier
effective registration statement for the same offering. [_]
If this form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c)
under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act
registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement
for the same offering. [_]
If delivery of the prospectus is expected to be made pursuant to Rule 434,
please check the following box. [_]
---------------
The Registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date or
dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the Registrant
shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this Registration
Statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of
the Securities Act of 1933 or until the Registration Statement shall become
effective on such date as the Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a),
may determine.
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<PAGE>
PART II
INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS
Item 14. Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution.
The following table sets forth the expenses (other than underwriting
compensation expected to be incurred) in connection with this offering. All of
such amounts (except the SEC registration fee and the NASD filing fee) are
estimated.
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
SEC registration fee.......................................... $ 43,847
NYSE listing fee.............................................. 10,465
NASD filing fee............................................... 16,222
Printing and engraving costs.................................. 200,000
Legal fees and expenses....................................... 475,000
Accounting fees and expenses.................................. 600,000
Transfer Agent and Registrar fees and expenses................ 3,000
Miscellaneous................................................. 51,466
----------
Total....................................................... $1,400,000
==========
</TABLE>
Item 15. Indemnification of Directors and Officers.
Our Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, limits the personal
liability of directors and officers for monetary damages for breach of their
fiduciary duties as directors and officers, except in certain circumstances
involving certain wrongful acts, such as a breach of the director's duty of
loyalty or acts of omission which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing
violation of law.
Section 145 of the Delaware General Corporation Law (the "DGCL") permits us
to indemnify officers, directors or employees against expenses (including
attorney's fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement in connection
with legal proceedings if the officer, director or employee acted in good faith
and in a manner he reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to our best
interests, and, with respect to any criminal act or proceeding, he had no
reasonable cause to believe his conduct was unlawful. Indemnification is not
permitted as to any matter as to which the person is adjudged to be liable
unless, and only to the extent that, the court in which such action or suit was
brought upon application that, despite the adjudication of liability, but in
view of all the circumstances of the case, the person is fairly and reasonably
entitled to indemnity for such expenses as the court deems proper. Individuals
who successfully defend such an action are entitled to indemnification against
expenses reasonably incurred in connection therewith.
We have also entered into indemnification agreements with its directors and
executive officers which obligate the Company to indemnify the directors or
officers for all expenses (including attorney fees) and costs, judgments, fines
and settlement amounts paid or incurred by them in connection with claims,
actions and proceedings in which they are parties, witnesses and subjects as a
result of their activities on behalf of the Company, including, but not limited
to, their activities as directors and officers of the Company and its
subsidiaries. Pursuant to the agreements, the directors will be indemnified to
the extent permitted under Delaware law. The agreements cover all indemnified
claims and proceedings brought within ten years after the resignation of the
director or executive officer from all positions held as a director, officer or
otherwise on behalf of the Company. The agreements may provide indemnity to or
limit liability of directors or executive officers for events that occurred
prior to the date of the agreement. However, the enforceability of these
retroactive provisions has not been determined under Delaware law.
II-1
<PAGE>
Item 16. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules.
(a) Exhibits
<TABLE>
<C> <S>
1 Form of Underwriting Agreement
5.1 Opinion of Gibbons, Del Deo, Dolan, Griffinger & Vecchione, a
Professional Corporation
23.1 Consent of Gibbons, Del Deo, Dolan, Griffinger & Vecchione, a
Professional Corporation (Included in Exhibit 5)
23.2 Consent of KPMG LLP
23.3 Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
24 Power of Attorney (Included on Signature Page)
</TABLE>
(b) Financial Statement Schedules
The following schedule is filed as part of this Registration Statement, but
not included in the Prospectus:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Schedule Number Description
- --------------- -----------
<S> <C>
1 Condensed Financial
Statements of the
Registrant (Parent)
</TABLE>
All other financial statement schedules are omitted because they are
inapplicable or the requested information is shown in the consolidated
financial statements of National Discount Brokers Group, Inc. or related notes
thereto.
Item 17. Undertakings.
The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes as follows:
The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that, for purposes of
determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each filing of the
registrant's annual report pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 (and where applicable, each filing of an employee benefit
plan's annual report pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act
of 1934) that is incorporated by reference in the registration statement shall
be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered
by this Prospectus, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be
deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
(1) For purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act, the
information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this
registration statement in reliance on Rule 430A and contained in a form of
prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(1) or (4) or
497(h) under the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of this
registration statement as of the time it is declared effective.
For purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933,
each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be
deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered
herein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be
the initial bona fide offering thereof.
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act
may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the
registrant pursuant to the provisions described in Item
II-2
<PAGE>
15 or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the
Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public
policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event
that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the
payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer
or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any
action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or
controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the
registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been
settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction
the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as
expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such
issue.
II-3
<PAGE>
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the registrant
has duly caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Jersey City, the State
of New Jersey, on the 20th day of May, 1999.
NATIONAL DISCOUNT BROKERS GROUP,
INC.
By: /s/ Arthur Kontos
-------------------------
Name: Arthur Kontos
Title: Chief Executive Officer
By: /s/ Denise S. Isaac
-------------------------
Name: Denise S. Isaac
Title: Executive Vice President
and Treasurer (Principal
Accounting Officer)
II-4
<PAGE>
POWERS OF ATTORNEY
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this Registration
Statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the
date indicated.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Signature Title Date
--------- ----- ----
<S> <C> <C>
/s/ James H. Lynch, Jr.* Chairman of the Board May 20, 1999
________________________________________
(James H. Lynch, Jr.)
/s/ Arthur Kontos* Director and Chief May 20, 1999
________________________________________ Executive Officer
(Arthur Kontos)
/s/ Charles Kirk Kellogg* Director May 20, 1999
________________________________________
(Charles Kirk Kellogg)
/s/ Dennis Marino* Director May 20, 1999
________________________________________
(Dennis Marino)
/s/ Thomas Neumann* Director May 20, 1999
________________________________________
(Thomas Neumann)
/s/ John P. Duffy* Director May 20, 1999
________________________________________
(John P. Duffy)
/s/ Ralph Del Deo* Director May 20, 1999
________________________________________
(Ralph Del Deo)
/s/ Stephen DiLascio* Director May 20, 1999
________________________________________
(Stephen DiLascio)
</TABLE>
/s/ Frank e. Lawatsch, Jr.
*By: _________________________
Frank E. Lawatsch, Jr.
Attorney-in-Fact
II-5
<PAGE>
EXHIBIT 1
___________ Shares
National Discount Brokers Group, Inc.
Common Stock
UNDERWRITING AGREEMENT
----------------------
__________, 1999
BT Alex. Brown Incorporated
U.S. Bancorp Piper Jaffray
As Representatives of the
Several Underwriters
c/o BT Alex. Brown Incorporated
One South Street
Baltimore, Maryland 21202
Ladies and Gentlemen:
National Discount Brokers Group, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the
"Company"), proposes, subject to the terms and conditions stated herein, to sell
to the several underwriters (the "Underwriters") named in Schedule I hereto for
whom you are acting as representatives (the "Representatives") an aggregate of
_______ shares of the Company's Common Stock ("Common Stock"), $.01 par value
(the "Firm Shares). The respective amounts of the Firm Shares to be so
purchased by the several Underwriters are set forth opposite their names in
Schedule I hereto. The Company also proposes, subject to the terms and
conditions stated herein, to sell, for the purpose of covering over-allotments
in connection with the sale of theFirm Shares, at the Underwriters' option an
aggregate of up to _____ additional shares of its Common Stock (the "Option
Shares") as set forth below.
As the Representatives, you have advised the Company (a) that you are
authorized to enter into this Underwriting Agreement (the "Agreement") on behalf
of the several Underwriters, and (b) that the several Underwriters are willing,
acting severally and not jointly, to purchase the numbers of Firm Shares set
forth opposite their respective names in Schedule I, plus their pro rata portion
of the Option Shares if you elect to exercise the over-allotment option in whole
- 1 -
<PAGE>
or in part for the accounts of the several Underwriters. The Firm Shares and
the Option Shares (to the extent the aforementioned option is exercised) are
herein collectively called the "Shares."
In consideration of the mutual agreements contained herein and of the
interests of the parties in the transactions contemplated hereby, the parties
hereto agree as follows:
1. Representations and Warranties of the Company.
----------------------------------------------
The Company represents and warrants to each of the Underwriters as follows:
(a) The Company has filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the
"Commission") a registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-______) with
respect to the Shares. The Company meets the requirements for the use of Form
S-3. Copies of such Registration Statement, including any amendments thereto,
the Preliminary Prospectuses contained therein and the exhibits, Financial
Statements (as hereinafter defined), as finally amended and revised, have
heretofore been delivered by the Company to you. Such Registration Statement,
including the prospectus, financial statements and schedules, exhibits and all
other documents filed as a part thereof, as amended at the time and on the date
it becomes effective (the "Effective Date"), including any information deemed to
be a part thereof pursuant to Rule 424(b) and Rule 430A of the rules and
regulations (the "Rules and Regulations") promulgated by the Commission under
the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Act"), is referred to herein as the
"Registration Statement." The term "Preliminary Prospectus" means any
preliminary prospectus (as described in Rule 430 of the Rules and Regulations)
included at any time as a part of the Registration Statement. The term
"Prospectus" means the prospectus in the form first used to confirm sales of the
Shares (whether such prospectus was included in the Registration Statement at
the time of effectiveness or was subsequently filed with the Commission pursuant
to Rule 424(b) of the Rules and Regulations).
(b) The Company has been duly organized and is validly existing as a
corporation in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware, with
corporate power and authority to own or lease its properties and conduct its
business as described in the Registration Statement. Each of the subsidiaries
of the Company as listed on Schedule II hereto (collectively, the
"Subsidiaries") has been duly organized and is validly existing as a corporation
in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation, with
corporate power and authority to own or lease its properties and conduct its
business as described in the Registration Statement. The Subsidiaries are the
only material subsidiaries, direct or indirect, of the Company. The Company and
each of the Subsidiaries are duly qualified to transact business in all
jurisdictions in which the conduct of their respective businesses requires such
qualification, except for those failures to be so qualified which would not,
individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material
Adverse Effect (as defined below). The outstanding shares of capital stock of
each of the Subsidiaries have been duly authorized and validly issued, are fully
paid and non-assessable
- 2 -
<PAGE>
and are owned by the Company or another Subsidiary. Except as set forth on
Schedule II hereto, the outstanding shares of capital stock of each of the
Subsidiaries is owned free and clear of all liens, encumbrances, equities and
claims; and no options, warrants or other rights to purchase, agreements or
other obligations to issue or other rights to convert any obligations into
shares of capital stock or ownership interests in the Subsidiaries are
outstanding. For purposes of this Agreement, a "Material Adverse Effect" shall
mean a material adverse effect on the business, properties, assets, rights,
operations, management, earnings, financial condition or prospects of the
Company and the Subsidiaries, taken as a whole and shall exclude and not give
effect to events, circumstances or conditions affecting the economy of the
Untied States, the securities markets or the brokerage and market making
industries generally. In no event shall the Company's failure to consummate the
sale of Equitrade Partners, L.L.C. or the termination of the agreement relating
thereto be deemed to constitute or result in a Material Adverse Effect.
(c) The outstanding shares of Common Stock of the Company have been duly
authorized and validly issued and are fully paid and non-assessable. The Shares
to be issued and sold hereunder have been duly authorized and when issued and
paid for as contemplated by this Agreement will be validly issued, fully paid
and non-assessable; and no preemptive rights of stockholders exist with respect
to any of the Shares or the issue and sale thereof. Except as disclosed in
filings made by the Company with the SEC and except as described in or
contemplated by the Prospectus, (i) there are no outstanding securities of the
Company convertible or exchangeable into or evidencing the right to purchase or
subscribe for any shares of capital stock of the Company, and (ii) there are no
outstanding or authorized options, warrants or rights of any character
obligating the Company to issue any shares of its capital stock or any
securities convertible or exchangeable into or evidencing the right to purchase
or subscribe for any shares of such stock. No holder of any securities of the
Company or any other person has the right, contractual or otherwise, which has
not been satisfied or effectively waived, to cause the Company to sell or
otherwise issue to them, or to permit them to underwrite the sale of, any of the
Shares or the right to have any shares of Common Stock or other securities of
the Company included in the Registration Statement or the right, as a result of
the filing of the Registration Statement, to require registration under the Act
of any shares of Common Stock or other securities of the Company.
(d) The information set forth under the caption "Capitalization" in the
Prospectus relating to the Company's authorized and outstanding capital stock at
February 28, 1999 and as adjusted for the issuance and sale of the Firm Shares,
is true and correct. All of the Shares conform to the description thereof
contained in the Registration Statement. The form of certificates for the
Shares conforms to the corporate laws of the State of Delaware.
(e) The Registration Statement has become effective under the Act. The
Commission has not issued an order preventing or suspending the use of any
Prospectus relating to the proposed offering of the Shares nor are any
proceedings for that purpose pending or, to the
- 3 -
<PAGE>
knowledge of the Company, threatened. The Registration Statement and the
Prospectus and each amendment or supplement thereto conform to the requirements
of the Act and the Rules and Regulations. The documents incorporated by
reference in the Prospectus, at the time filed with the Commission complied, in
all material respects with all applicable provisions of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act") and the rules and regulations
promulgated thereunder. At the time of effectiveness and at the Closing, the
Registration Statement and any amendments thereto did not contain, and will not
contain, any untrue statement of a material fact and do not omit, and will not
omit, to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to
make the statements therein not misleading. At the time first filed with the
Commission and at the Closing, the Prospectus does not contain, and will not
contain, any untrue statement of material fact; and does not omit, and will not
omit, to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to
make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they
were made, not misleading. The Company makes no representations or warranties in
this paragraph (c) as to information contained in or omitted from the
Registration Statement or the Prospectus, or any such amendment or supplement,
in reliance upon, and in conformity with, written information furnished to the
Company by or on behalf of any Underwriter through the Representatives,
specifically for use in the preparation thereof, to the extent such information
is expressly referred to in Section 13 of this Agreement.
(f) The consolidated financial statements of the Company and the
Subsidiaries, together with related notes and schedules as set forth or
incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement (the "Financial
Statements"), present fairly the financial position and the results of
operations and cash flows of the Company and the consolidated Subsidiaries, at
the indicated dates and for the indicated periods. The Financial Statements
have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted principles of
accounting, consistently applied throughout the periods involved, except as
disclosed in the Registration Statement, and all adjustments necessary for a
fair presentation of results for such periods have been made. The summary
financial and statistical data set forth or incorporated by reference in the
Registration Statement present fairly the information shown therein, and such
data have been compiled on a basis consistent with the Financial Statements
presented therein and the books and records of the Company. The pro forma
financial information set forth in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus
present fairly the information shown therein, have been prepared in accordance
with the Rules and Regulations with respect to pro forma financial statements,
and, in the opinion of the Company, the assumptions used in the preparation
thereof are reasonable and the adjustments used therein are appropriate to give
effect to the transactions or circumstances referred to therein.
(g) KPMG LLP and PriceWaterhouse Coopers LLP, each of whom has certified
certain of the Financial Statements, are independent public accountants with
respect to the Company as required by the Act and the Rules and Regulations.
- 4 -
<PAGE>
(h) Except as described in the Prospectus, there is no action, suit, claim
or proceeding pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened against
the Company or any of the Subsidiaries before any court or administrative agency
or otherwise which if determined adversely to the Company or any of the
Subsidiaries might result in any Material Adverse Effect, whether or not arising
in the ordinary course of business, or prevent the consummation of the
transactions contemplated hereby.
(i) The Company and the Subsidiaries have good and marketable title to all
of the properties and assets reflected in the Financial Statements (or as
described in the Registration Statement) and material to the business of the
Company and the Subsidiaries, subject to no lien, mortgage, pledge, charge or
encumbrance of any kind except those reflected in such Financial Statements (or
as described in the Registration Statement) or which are not material in amount.
The Company and the Subsidiaries occupy their leased properties under valid and
subsisting leases conforming in all material respects to the descriptions
thereof set forth in the Registration Statement.
(j) The Company and the Subsidiaries have filed all Federal, State, local
and foreign income tax returns which they have been required to file and have
paid all taxes indicated by said returns and all assessments received by them or
any of them to the extent that such taxes have become due. All tax liabilities
have been adequately provided for in the Financial Statements.
(k) Since the respective dates as of which information is given in the
Registration Statement, as it may be amended or supplemented, there has not
occurred a Material Adverse Effect, whether or not occurring in the ordinary
course of business, and there has not been any material transaction entered into
or any material transaction that is probable of being entered into by the
Company or the Subsidiaries, other than transactions in the ordinary course of
business and changes and transactions described in the Registration Statement.
The Company and the Subsidiaries have no material contingent obligations which
are not disclosed in the Financial Statements.
(l) Neither the Company nor any of the Subsidiaries is or will be, in
violation of any of the terms or provisions of or with or without the giving of
notice or lapse of time or both in default under (i) any provision of its
certificate of incorporation (as amended or supplemented, the "Certificate of
Incorporation") or by-laws (as amended or supplemented, the "By-Laws") or (ii)
the terms of any agreement, lease, contract, indenture, mortgage, deed of trust,
or other instrument or obligation to which the Company or any of the
Subsidiaries is a party or by which it, or any of its properties, is bound
,except for such violations, breaches or defaults which would not, individually
or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse
Effect. This Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the
Company. The execution and delivery of this Agreement and the consummation of
the transactions herein contemplated and the fulfillment of the terms hereof by
the Company will not, with or without
- 5 -
<PAGE>
the giving of notice or lapse of time or both, conflict with or result in a
violation or breach of any of the material terms or provisions of, or constitute
a default under, the material terms of any agreement, lease, contract,
indenture, mortgage, deed of trust or other instrument or obligation to which
the Company or any of the Subsidiaries is a party, or of the Certificate of
Incorporation or By-Laws of the Company or any order or rule or regulation
applicable to the Company or any of the Subsidiaries and material to their
business of any court or of any regulatory body or administrative agency or
other governmental body having jurisdiction.
(m) Each approval, consent, order, authorization, designation, declaration
or filing by or with any court, regulatory, administrative or other governmental
body necessary in connection with the execution and delivery by the Company of
this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions herein contemplated and
the fulfillment by the Company of the terms hereof (except as may be required by
the Commission, the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. (the
"NASD") or as may be necessary to qualify the Shares for public offering by the
Underwriters under state securities or Blue Sky laws) has been obtained or made
and is in full force and effect.
(n) The Company and each of the Subsidiaries holds all material licenses,
certificates and permits from governmental authorities which are necessary for
the conduct of their businesses as presently conducted; and neither the Company
nor any of the Subsidiaries has infringed any patents, patent rights, trade
names, trademarks or copyrights, which infringement is material to the business
of the Company and the Subsidiaries taken as a whole. The Company knows of no
material infringement by others of patents, patent rights, trade names,
trademarks or copyrights owned by or licensed to the Company and material to the
conduct of their businesses.
(o) Neither the Company, nor to the Company's knowledge, any of its
affiliates, has taken any action designed to cause or result in, or which has
constituted or which might reasonably be expected to cause or result in, the
stabilization or manipulation of the price of the Common Stock of the Company.
(p) Neither the Company nor any of the Subsidiaries is required to
register as an "investment company" under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as
amended (the "1940 Act") and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
(q) The Company maintains a system of internal accounting controls
sufficient to provide reasonable assurances that (i) transactions are executed
in accordance with management's general or specific authorization; (ii)
transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial
statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles and to
maintain accountability for assets; (iii) access to assets is permitted only in
accordance with management's general or specific authorization; and (iv) the
recorded accountability for assets is compared with existing assets at
reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any
differences.
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<PAGE>
(r) The Company and each of the Subsidiaries carry, or are covered by,
insurance in such amounts and covering such risks as the Company believes is
adequate for the conduct of their respective businesses and the value of their
respective properties and as is customary for companies engaged in similar
industries.
(s) The Company is in compliance in all material respects with all
currently applicable provisions of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act
of 1974, as amended, including the regulations and published interpretations
thereunder ("ERISA"); no "reportable event" (as defined in ERISA) has occurred
with respect to any "pension plan" (as defined in ERISA) for which the Company
would have any liability; the Company has not incurred and does not expect to
incur liability under (i) Title IV of ERISA with respect to termination of, or
withdrawal from, any "pension plan" or (ii) Sections 412 or 4971 of the Internal
Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, including the regulations and published
interpretations thereunder (the "Code"); and each "pension plan" for which the
Company would have any liability that is intended to be qualified under Section
401(a) of the Code is so qualified in all material respects and nothing has
occurred, whether by action or by failure to act, which would cause the loss of
such qualification.
(t) The Company confirms as of the date hereof that it is in compliance
with all provisions of Section 1 of Laws of Florida, Chapter 92-198, An Act
------
Relating to Disclosure of doing Business with Cuba, and the Company further
- --------------------------------------------------
agrees that if it commences engaging in business with the government of Cuba or
with any person or affiliate located in Cuba after the date the Registration
Statement becomes or has become effective with the Commission or with the
Florida Department of Banking and Finance (the "Department"), whichever date is
later, or if the information in the Prospectus, if any, concerning the Company's
business with Cuba or with any person or affiliate located in Cuba changes in
any material way, the Company will provide the Department notice of such
business or change, as appropriate, in a form acceptable to the Department.
(u) The Company has conducted an inventory and review of the hardware,
software, and embedded microcontrollers in noncomputer equipment (the "Computer
Systems") used by it in its business in order to determine whether the Computer
Systems are Year 2000 Compliant (as defined below). Except as described in the
Prospectus, the Company has determined that the Computer Systems are Year 2000
Compliant. The Company has exercised due care in assessing whether the Computer
Systems are Year 2000 Compliant and in assessing the Year 2000 Compliance status
of its customers, suppliers and vendors. Except as described in the Prospectus,
to the Company's knowledge, all of the Computer Systems of its customers,
vendors and suppliers are Year 2000 Compliant to the extent they are in any way
involved with the business of the Company. The Company has not taken any action
which will render any third-party software products non-Year 2000 Compliant.
The Company has not received a "Year 2000 Deficiency Letter" or criticism from
any person on the subject of Year 2000 Compliance. The phrase "Year 2000
Compliant" means technology, including but not limited to, information
- 7 -
<PAGE>
technology embedded systems, or any other electro-mechanical or processor-based
system, when used in connection with its associated documentation, that is
capable of accurately processing, providing, or receiving date data from, into,
and between the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, and the years 1999 and
2000, including leap year calculations.
(v) Except where the failure to obtain the same would not, individually or
in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect,
the Company and each of the Subsidiaries: (i) have obtained all licenses,
permits, easements, grants, consents, certificates, approvals and orders (the
"Approvals") which are required to be obtained under all applicable federal,
state, foreign or local laws or any regulation, code, plan, order, decree,
judgment, notice or demand letter issued, entered, promulgated or approved
thereunder relating to pollution or protection of the environment, including
laws relating to emissions, discharges, releases or threatened releases of
pollutants, contaminants, or hazardous or toxic materials or waste into ambient
air, surface water, ground water, or land or otherwise relating to the
manufacture, processing, distribution, use, treatment, storage, disposal,
transport, or handling of pollutants, contaminants or hazardous or toxic
materials or wastes by the Company or any of the Subsidiaries or their
respective agents ("Environmental Laws"); (ii) are in compliance with all
material terms and conditions of such required Approvals, and also are in
compliance with all other material limitations, restrictions, conditions,
standards, prohibitions, requirements, obligations, schedules and timetables
contained in the Environmental Laws; (iii) have not received notice of any past
or present violations of Environmental Laws or any event, condition,
circumstance, activity, practice, incident, action or plan which is reasonably
likely to interfere with or prevent continued compliance with or which would
give rise to any common law or statutory liability, or otherwise form the basis
of any claim, action, suit or proceeding, against the Company or any of the
Subsidiaries based on or resulting from the manufacture, processing,
distribution, use, treatment, storage, disposal, transport or handling, or the
emission, discharge or release into the environment, of any pollutant,
contaminant or hazardous or toxic material or waste; and (iv) have taken all
actions necessary under the Environmental Laws to register any products or
materials required to be registered by the Company or any of the Subsidiaries
(or any of their respective agents) thereunder.
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<PAGE>
2. Purchase, Sale and Delivery of the Firm Shares.
----------------------------------------------
(a) On the basis of the representations, warranties and covenants herein
contained, and subject to the conditions herein set forth, the Company agrees to
sell to the Underwriters and each Underwriter agrees, severally and not jointly,
to purchase from the Company, at a price of $_____ per share, the number of Firm
Shares set forth opposite the name of each Underwriter in Schedule I hereof,
subject to adjustments in accordance with Section 9 hereof.
(b) Payment for the Firm Shares to be sold hereunder is to be made in same
day funds via wire transfer to the order of the Company, against delivery of
certificates therefor to the Representatives for the several accounts of the
Underwriters. Such payment and delivery are to be made at the offices of BT
Alex. Brown Incorporated, 1 South Street, Baltimore, Maryland, at 10:00 a.m.,
Baltimore time, on the third business day after the date of this Agreement or at
such other time and date not later than five business days thereafter as you and
the Company shall agree upon, such time and date being herein referred to as the
"Closing Date." (As used herein, "business day" means a day on which the New
York Stock Exchange is open for trading and on which banks in New York are open
for business and not permitted by law or executive order to be closed.) The
certificates for the Firm Shares will be delivered in such denominations and in
such registrations as the Representatives request in writing not later than the
second full business day prior to the Closing Date, and will be made available
for inspection by the Representatives at least one business day prior to the
Closing Date.
(c) In addition, on the basis of the representations, warranties and
covenants herein contained and subject to the terms and conditions herein set
forth, the Company hereby grants an option to the several Underwriters to
purchase the Option Shares at the price per share as set forth in the first
paragraph of this Section 2. The option granted hereby may be exercised in whole
or in part by giving written notice (i) at any time before the Closing Date and
(ii) only once thereafter within 30 days after the date of this Agreement, by
you, as Representatives of the several Underwriters, to the Company, setting
forth the number of Option Shares as to which the several Underwriters are
exercising the option, the names and denominations in which the Option Shares
are to be registered and the time and date at which such certificates are to be
delivered. The time and date at which certificates for Option Shares are to be
delivered shall be determined by the Representatives but shall not be earlier
than three nor later than 10 full business days after the exercise of such
option, nor in any event prior to the Closing Date (such time and date being
herein referred to as the "Option Closing Date"). If the date of exercise of
the option is three or more days before the Closing Date, the notice of exercise
shall set the Closing Date as the Option Closing Date. The number of Option
Shares to be purchased by each Underwriter shall be in the same
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proportion to the total number of Option Shares being purchased as the number of
Firm Shares being purchased by such Underwriter bears to the total number of
Firm Shares, adjusted by you in such manner as to avoid fractional shares. The
option with respect to the Option Shares granted hereunder may be exercised only
to cover over-allotments in the sale of the Firm Shares by the Underwriters.
You, as Representatives of the several Underwriters, may cancel such option at
any time prior to its expiration by giving written notice of such cancellation
to the Company. To the extent, if any, that the option is exercised, payment for
the Option Shares shall be made on the Option Closing Date in same day funds via
wire transfer to the order of the Company against delivery of certificates
therefor to the Representatives for the several accounts of the Underwriters.
Such payment and delivery are to be made at the offices of BT Alex. Brown
Incorporated, 1 South Street, Baltimore, Maryland on the Option Closing Date.
3. Offering by the Underwriters.
----------------------------
It is understood that the several Underwriters are to make a public
offering of the Firm Shares as soon as the Representatives deem it advisable to
do so. The Firm Shares are to be initially offered to the public at the public
offering price set forth in the Prospectus. The Representatives may from time
to time thereafter change the public offering price and other selling terms. To
the extent, if at all, that any Option Shares are purchased pursuant to Section
2 hereof, the Underwriters will offer them to the public on the foregoing terms.
It is further understood that you will act as the Representatives for the
Underwriters in the offering and sale of the Shares in accordance with a Master
Agreement Among Underwriters entered into by you and the several other
Underwriters.
4. Covenants of the Company.
------------------------
(a) The Company covenants and agrees with each of the several Underwriters
that:
(i) The Company will (A) use its commercially reasonable efforts to
cause the Registration Statement to become effective or, if the procedure in
Rule 430A of the Rules and Regulations is followed, to prepare and timely file
with the Commission under Rule 424(b) of the Rules and Regulations a Prospectus
in a form approved by the Representatives containing information previously
omitted at the time of effectiveness of the Registration Statement in reliance
on Rule 430A of the Rules and Regulations, and (B) not file any amendment to the
Registration Statement or any amendment or supplement to the Prospectus or
document incorporated by reference therein of which the Representatives shall
not previously have been advised and furnished with a copy or to which the
Representatives shall have reasonably objected in writing or which is not in
compliance with the Rules and Regulations and (C) file on a timely basis all
reports and any definitive proxy or information statements required to be filed
by the
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<PAGE>
Company with the Commission subsequent to the date of the Prospectus and prior
to the termination of the offering of the Shares by the Underwriters.
(ii) The Company will advise the Representatives promptly (A) when
the Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment thereto shall have
become effective, (B) of receipt of any comments from the Commission, (C) of any
request of the Commission for amendment of the Registration Statement or for
supplement to the Prospectus or for any additional information, and (D) of the
issuance by the Commission of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the
Registration Statement or the use of the Prospectus or of the institution of any
proceedings for that purpose. The Company will use its commercially reasonable
efforts to prevent the issuance of any such stop order or proceeding and to
obtain as soon as possible the lifting thereof, if issued.
(iii) The Company will cooperate with the Representatives in
endeavoring to qualify the Shares for sale under the securities laws of such
jurisdictions as the Representatives may reasonably have designated in writing
and will make such applications, file such documents, and furnish such
information as may be reasonably required for that purpose, provided the Company
shall not be required to qualify as a foreign corporation or to file a general
consent to service of process in any jurisdiction where it is not now so
qualified or required to file such a consent. The Company will, from time to
time, prepare and file such statements, reports, and other documents, as are or
may be required to continue such qualifications in effect for so long a period
as the Representatives may reasonably request for distribution of the Shares.
(iv) The Company will deliver to, or upon the order of, the
Representatives, from time to time, as many copies of any Preliminary Prospectus
as the Representatives may reasonably request. The Company will deliver to, or
upon the order of, the Representatives during the period when delivery of a
Prospectus is required under the Act, as many copies of the Prospectus in final
form, or as thereafter amended or supplemented, as the Representatives may
reasonably request. The Company will deliver to the Representatives at or
before the Closing Date, three signed copies of the Registration Statement and
all amendments thereto including all exhibits filed therewith, and will deliver
to the Representatives such number of copies of the Registration Statement
(including such number of copies of the exhibits filed therewith that may
reasonably be requested), including documents incorporated by reference therein,
and of all amendments thereto, as the Representatives may reasonably request.
(v) The Company will comply with the Act and the Exchange Act and the
Rules and Regulations so as to permit the completion of the distribution of the
Shares as contemplated in this Agreement and the Prospectus. If during the
period in which a prospectus is required by law to be delivered by an
Underwriter or dealer, any event shall occur as a result of which, in the
judgment of the Company or in the reasonable opinion of the Underwriters, it
becomes necessary to amend or supplement the Prospectus in order to make the
statements therein, in the light of the
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circumstances existing at the time the Prospectus is delivered to a purchaser,
not misleading, or, if it is necessary at any time to amend or supplement the
Prospectus to comply with any law, the Company promptly will either (i) prepare
and file with the Commission an appropriate amendment to the Registration
Statement or supplement to the Prospectus or (ii) prepare and file with the
Commission an appropriate filing under the Exchange Act which shall be
incorporated by reference in the Prospectus so that the Prospectus as so amended
or supplemented will not, in the light of the circumstances when it is so
delivered, be misleading, or so that the Prospectus will comply with the law.
(vi) The Company will make generally available to its security
holders, as soon as it is practicable to do so, but in any event not later than
15 months after the effective date of the Registration Statement, an earnings
statement (which need not be audited) covering a period of at least 12
consecutive months beginning after the effective date of the Registration
Statement, which earnings statement shall conform to the requirements of Section
11(a) of the Act and Rule 158 of the Rules and Regulations and will advise you
in writing when such earnings statement has been so made available.
(vii) The Company will, for a period of five years from the Closing
Date, deliver to the Representatives copies of annual reports and copies of all
other documents, reports and information furnished by the Company to its
stockholders or filed with any securities exchange pursuant to the requirements
of such exchange or with the Commission pursuant to the Act or the Exchange Act.
The Company will deliver to the Representatives similar reports with respect to
significant subsidiaries, as that term is defined in the Rules and Regulations,
which are not consolidated in the Financial Statements.
(viii) No offering, sale or other disposition of, or filing of a
registration statement under the Securities Act covering, any shares of Common
Stock of the Company or other capital stock of the Company, or other securities
convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for shares of Common Stock or
derivatives of Common Stock of the Company (or entering into agreements for
such) will be made for a period of 90 days after the date of this Agreement,
directly or indirectly, by the Company otherwise than hereunder except that the
Company may issue, and grant options or warrants to purchase, shares of Common
Stock of the Company or any shares convertible into, exercisable for or
exchangeable for shares of Common Stock of the Company, (A) upon the exercise of
outstanding options and warrants and its issuance of options and stock granted
under employee stock option plans, (B) in connection with acquisition
transactions, or (C) with the prior written consent of BT Alex. Brown
Incorporated. In addition, the Company file registration statements covering
stock underlying employee stock options and stock issuable in connection with
acquisition transactions without the consent of BT Alex. Brown Incorporated.
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<PAGE>
(ix) The Company will use its commercially reasonable efforts to
promptly list, subject to notice of issuance, the Shares on the New York Stock
Exchange.
(x) The Company has caused each of its executive officers and
directors to furnish to you, on or prior to the date of this Agreement, a letter
or letters, in form and substance satisfactory to the Underwriters ("Lockup
Agreements"), pursuant to which each such person has agreed not to offer, sell,
sell short, pledge or otherwise dispose of any shares of Common Stock of the
Company or other capital stock of the Company, or any other securities
convertible, exchangeable or exercisable for shares of Common Stock of the
Company or derivatives of Common Stock of the Company (or enter into agreements
for such) owned by such person or request the registration for the offer or sale
of any of the foregoing (or as to which such person has the right to direct the
disposition of) for a period of 180 days after the date of this Agreement,
directly or indirectly, except (A) as otherwise provided in the Lockup
Agreements or (B) with the prior written consent of BT Alex. Brown Incorporated.
(xi) The Company shall not invest, or otherwise use the proceeds
received by the Company from its sale of the Shares in such a manner as would
require the Company or any of the Subsidiaries to register as an "investment
company" within the meaning of such term under the 1940 Act and the Rules and
Regulations.
(xii) The Company will maintain a transfer agent for the Common
Stock.
(xiii) During the period in which the Shares are being offered and/or
sold by you, the Company will not take, directly or indirectly, any action
designed to cause or result in, or that might reasonably be expected to
constitute, the stabilization or manipulation of the price of the Common Stock
of the Company.
5. Costs and Expenses.
------------------
The Company will pay all costs, expenses and fees incident to the
performance of its obligations under this Agreement, including, without limiting
the generality of the foregoing, the following: accounting fees of the Company;
the fees and disbursements of counsel for the Company; the cost of printing and
delivering to, or as requested by, the Underwriters copies of the Registration
Statement, Preliminary Prospectuses, the Prospectus, this Agreement; the filing
fees of the Commission; the filing fee of the NASD; and the Listing Fee of the
New York Stock Exchange, Inc. The Company shall not, however, be required to
pay for any of the Underwriters' expenses (other than those related to
qualification under NASD regulation) except that, if this Agreement shall not be
consummated because the conditions in Section 6 hereof are not
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<PAGE>
satisfied, or because this Agreement is terminated by the Representatives
pursuant to Section 11 hereof, or by reason of any failure, refusal or inability
on the part of the Company to perform any undertaking or satisfy any condition
of this Agreement or to comply with any of the terms hereof on its part to be
performed, unless such failure to satisfy said condition or to comply with said
terms is due to the default, failure, refusal or inability on the part of the
Underwriter to comply with any material term hereof or omission of any
Underwriter, then the Company shall reimburse the several Underwriters for
reasonable out-of-pocket expenses, including fees and disbursements of counsel,
reasonably incurred in connection with investigating, marketing and proposing to
market the Shares or in contemplation of performing their obligations hereunder;
but the Company shall not in any event be liable to any of the Underwriters for
damages on account of loss of anticipated profits from the sale by them of the
Shares.
6. Conditions of Obligations of the Underwriters.
---------------------------------------------
The several obligations of the Underwriters to purchase the Firm Shares on
the Closing Date and the Option Shares, if any, on the Option Closing Date are
subject to the accuracy, as of the Closing Date or the Option Closing Date, as
the case may be, of the representations and warranties of the Company contained
herein, and to the performance by the Company of its covenants and obligations
hereunder and to the following additional conditions:
(a) The Registration Statement and all post-effective amendments thereto
shall have become effective and any and all filings required by Rule 424 and
Rule 430A of the Rules and Regulations shall have been made, and any request of
the Commission for additional information (to be included in the Registration
Statement or otherwise) shall have been disclosed to the Representatives and
complied with to their reasonable satisfaction. No stop order suspending the
effectiveness of the Registration Statement, as amended from time to time, shall
have been issued and no proceedings for that purpose shall have been taken or,
to the knowledge of the Company, shall be contemplated by the Commission, and no
injunction, restraining order, or order of any nature by a Federal or state
court of competent jurisdiction shall have been issued as of the Closing Date
which would prevent the issuance of the Shares.
(b) The Representatives shall have received on the Closing Date or the
Option Closing Date, as the case may be, the opinions of Gibbons, Del Deo,
Dolan, Griffinger & Vecchione, counsel to the Company, dated the Closing Date or
the Option Closing Date, as the case may be, addressed to the Underwriters (and
stating that it may be relied upon by counsel to the Underwriters) to the effect
that:
(i) The Company has been duly organized and is validly existing as a
corporation in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware, with
corporate power and authority to own or lease its properties and conduct its
business as described in the Registration Statement. Each of the Subsidiaries
(as shown on Schedule II) has been organized and is
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<PAGE>
validly existing as a corporation in good standing under the laws of the
jurisdiction of its incorporation, with corporate power and authority to own or
lease its properties and conduct its business as described in the Registration
Statement. The Company and each of the Subsidiaries are duly qualified to
transact business in all jurisdictions in which, to such counsel's knowledge,
the conduct of their business requires such qualification, except where the
failure to be so qualified would not, individually or in the aggregate,
reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. The outstanding
shares of capital stock of each of the Subsidiaries have been duly authorized
and validly issued, are fully paid and non-assessable and are owned by the
Company. To such counsel's knowledge except as set forth on Schedule II hereto,
the outstanding shares of capital stock of each of the Subsidiaries is owned
free and clear of all liens, encumbrances, equities and claims, and no options,
warrants or other rights to purchase, agreements or other obligations to issue
or other rights to convert any obligations into any shares of capital stock or
ownership interests in the Subsidiaries are outstanding.
(ii) The Company has authorized and outstanding capital stock as set
forth under the caption "Capitalization" in the Prospectus. The outstanding
shares of Common Stock of the Company have been duly authorized and validly
issued and are fully paid and non-assessable; all of the Shares conform to the
description thereof contained in the Prospectus; the certificates for the
Shares, assuming they are in the form filed with the Commission, are in a form
meeting the applicable requirements of the Delaware General Corporation Law.
The Shares have been duly authorized and when issued and paid for as
contemplated by this Agreement will be validly issued, fully paid and non-
assessable; and have not been issued in violation of any statutory preemptive
rights or of any contractual preemptive rights known to such counsel of any
other person.
(iii) Except as described in or contemplated by the Prospectus, to
the best of such counsel's knowledge, there are no outstanding securities of the
Company convertible or exchangeable into or evidencing the right to purchase or
subscribe for any shares of capital stock of the Company and there are no
outstanding or authorized options, warrants or rights of any character
obligating the Company to issue any shares of its capital stock or any
securities convertible or exchangeable into or evidencing the right to purchase
or subscribe for any shares of such stock. To such counsel's knowledge, except
as disclosed in filings made by the Company with the SEC and the Registration
Statement, the Company has not granted to any person the right, contractual or
otherwise, which has not been satisfied or effectively waived, to cause the
Company to sell or otherwise issue to them, or to permit them to underwrite the
sale of, any of the Shares or the right to have any shares of Common Stock or
other securities of the Company included in the Registration Statement or the
right, as a result of the filing of the Registration Statement, to require
registration under the Act of any shares of Common Stock or other securities of
the Company.
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<PAGE>
(iv) Such counsel does not know of any contracts or documents
required to be filed as exhibits to or incorporated by reference in the
Registration Statement or described in the Registration Statement or the
Prospectus which are no so filed, incorporated by reference or described as
required, and such contracts and documents that are summarized in the
Registration Statement or the Prospectus are fairly summarized in all material
respects.
(v) To such counsel's knowledge, there is no action, suit, claim or
proceeding pending or threatened against the Company or any of the Subsidiaries
before any court or administrative agency or otherwise which if determined
adversely to the Company or any of the Subsidiaries reasonably could be expected
to result in any Material Adverse Effect, whether or not arising in the ordinary
course of business, or prevent the consummation of the transactions contemplated
hereby.
(vi) The execution and delivery of this Agreement and the
consummation of the transactions herein contemplated and the fulfillment of the
terms hereof will not, with or without the giving of notice or lapse of time or
both, conflict with or result in a violation or breach of any of the terms or
provisions of, or constitute a default under, any material agreement, lease,
contract, indenture, mortgage, deed of trust or other instrument or obligation
known to such counsel to which the Company or any of the Subsidiaries is a
party, or of the Certificate or Incorporation or By-Laws of the Company or any
rule or regulation applicable to the Company or any of the Subsidiaries or any
order of any regulatory body or administrative agency or other governmental body
having jurisdiction over the Company or any of the Subsidiaries or any order of
any court having jurisdiction over the Company or any of the Subsidiaries and
which is known to such counsel.
(vii) This Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered
by the Company.
(c) The Representatives shall have received on the Closing Date or the
Option Closing Date, as the case may be, the opinion of Morgan, Lewis & Bockius,
counsel for the Company, dated the Closing Date or the Option Closing Date, as
the case may be, addressed to the Underwriters (and stating that it may be
relied upon by counsel to the Underwriters) to the effect that:
(i) The Registration Statement has become effective under the Act.
To the best of such counsel's knowledge, the Commission has not issued an order
preventing or suspending
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<PAGE>
the use of any Prospectus relating to the proposed offering of the Shares nor
have any proceedings for that purpose been instituted or are pending.
(ii) The Registration Statement, and each amendment thereto, and the
Prospectus, and each amendment or supplement thereto, comply as to form in all
material respects with the requirements of the Act or the Exchange Act, as
applicable, and the Rules and Regulations (except that such counsel need express
no opinion as to the Financial Statements and the schedules and other financial
and statistical data included therein). The conditions for the use of Form S-3,
set forth in the General Instructions thereto, have been satisfied.
(iii) No approval, consent, order, authorization, designation,
declaration or filing by or with any regulatory, administrative or other
governmental body is necessary in connection with the execution and delivery of
this Agreement by the Company and the consummation of the transactions herein
contemplated and the fulfillment by the Company of the terms hereof (other than
as may be required by the Commission, the NASD or as may be necessary to qualify
the Shares for public offering by the Underwriters under state securities or
Blue Sky laws as to which such counsel need express no opinion) except such as
have been obtained or made, specifying the same.
(iv) Neither the Company nor any of the Subsidiaries will become, as
a result of the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement
and application of the net proceeds therefrom as described in the Prospectus, an
"investment company" within the meaning of such term under the 1940 Act (the
"Act") required to register as such pursuant to the Act.
(d) In rendering such opinions, Gibbons, Del Deo, Dolan, Griffinger &
Vecchione and Morgan Lewis & Bockius may each rely as to matters governed by the
laws of states other than New Jersey, New York and Delaware or Federal laws on
local counsel in such jurisdictions, provided that in each case such counsel
shall state that he or they believe that he or they and the Underwriters are
justified in relying on such other counsel. In addition to the matters set
forth above, each such opinion shall also include a statement to the effect that
nothing has come to the attention of such counsel which leads them to believe
that (i) the Registration Statement, or any amendment thereto, at the time the
Registration Statement became effective under the Act (but after giving effect
to any modifications incorporated therein pursuant to Rule 430A under the Act)
and as of the Closing Date or the Option Closing Date, as the case may be,
contained an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material
fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the
circumstances under which they are made, not misleading (except that such
counsel need express no view as to Financial Statements and schedules or other
financial or statistical data), and (ii) the Prospectus, or any amendment or
supplement thereto, on the date it was filed with the Commission and as of the
Closing Date or the Option Closing Date, as the case may be, contained an untrue
statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact necessary in
order to make the statements therein, in the light of the
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<PAGE>
circumstances under which they are made, not misleading (except that such
counsel need express no view as to Financial Statements and schedules or other
financial or statistical data). With respect to such statement, each such
counsel may state that his or their belief is based upon the procedures set
forth therein but is without independent check and verification.
(e) The Representatives shall have received from Piper & Marbury L.L.P.,
counsel for the Underwriters, an opinion dated the Closing Date or the Option
Closing Date, as the case may be, substantially to the effect specified in
subparagraphs (ii), (iii) and (vii) of Paragraph (b) and (i) of Paragraph (c) of
this Section 6. In rendering such opinion, Piper & Marbury L.L.P. may rely as
to all matters governed other than by the laws of states other than Delaware,
New York or Maryland or Federal laws on the opinions of counsel referred to in
Paragraph (b) and (c) of this Section 6. In addition to the matters set forth
above, such opinion shall also include a statement to the effect that nothing
has come to the attention of such counsel which leads them to believe that (i)
the Registration Statement, or any amendment thereto, at the time the
Registration Statement became effective under the Act (but after giving effect
to any modifications incorporated therein pursuant to Rule 430A under the Act)
and as of the Closing Date or the Option Closing Date, as the case may be,
contained an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material
fact necessary in order to make the statements, in the light of the
circumstances under which they are made, not misleading (except that such
counsel need express no view as to Financial Statements and schedules or other
financial or statistical data), and (ii) the Prospectus, or any amendment or
supplement thereto, on the date it was filed with the Commission and as of the
Closing Date or the Option Closing Date, as the case may be, contained an untrue
statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact necessary in
order to make the statements, in the light of the circumstances under which they
are made, not misleading (except that such counsel need express no view as to
Financial Statements or other financial or statistical data). With respect to
such statement, Piper & Marbury L.L.P. may state that their belief is based upon
the procedures set forth therein, but is without independent check and
verification.
(f) You shall have received, on the dates hereof, the Closing Date and the
Option Closing Date, as the case may be, letters dated the date hereof, the
Closing Date or the Option Closing Date, as the case may be, in form and
substance reasonably satisfactory to you, of KPMG LLP and PriceWaterhouse
Coopers, LLP confirming that they are independent public accountants within the
meaning of the Act and the Rules and Regulations and stating that in their
opinion the Financial Statements audited by them comply in all material respects
with the applicable accounting requirements of the Act and the Rules and
Regulations; and containing such other statements and information as is
ordinarily included in accountants' "comfort letters" to Underwriters with
respect to the Financial Statements and certain financial and statistical
information contained or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement
and the Prospectus.
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<PAGE>
(g) The Representatives shall have received on the Closing Date or the
Option Closing Date, as the case may be, a certificate or certificates of the
Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer of the Company to the
effect that, as of the Closing Date or the Option Closing Date, as the case may
be, each of them represents as follows:
(i) The Registration Statement has become effective under the Act.
To the best of his or her knowledge, the Commission has not issued an order
preventing or suspending the use of any Prospectus relating to the proposed
offering of the Shares nor are any proceedings for that purpose pending or
threatened.
(ii) The representations and warranties of the Company contained in
Section 1 hereof are true and correct in all material respects as of the Closing
Date or the Option Closing Date, as the case may be;
(iii) He or she has carefully examined the Registration Statement and
the Prospectus and, to his or her knowledge, as of the effective date of the
Registration Statement, the statements contained in the Registration Statement
were true and correct, and such Registration Statement and Prospectus did not
omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in
order to make the statements therein not misleading, and since the effective
date of the Registration Statement, no event has occurred which should have been
set forth in a supplement or amendment of the Registration Statement or the
Prospectus which has not been so set forth in such supplement or amendment; and
(iv) To his or her knowledge, since the respective dates as of which
information is given in the Registration Statement and Prospectus, there has not
been any Material Adverse Effect.
(h) The Company shall have furnished to the Representatives such further
certificates and documents confirming the representations and warranties,
covenants and conditions contained herein and related matters as the
Representatives may reasonably have requested.
(i) The Firm Shares and Option Shares, if any, have been approved for
listing upon notice of issuance on the New York Stock Exchange.
(j) Executed copies of the lockup agreements described in Sections
4(a)(viii), have been delivered to the Representatives.
The opinions and certificates mentioned in this Agreement shall be deemed
to be in compliance with the provisions hereof only if they are in all material
respects satisfactory to the Representatives and to Piper & Marbury L.L.P.,
counsel for the Underwriters.
- 19 -
<PAGE>
If any of the conditions hereinabove provided for in this Section 6 shall
not have been fulfilled when and as required by this Agreement to be fulfilled,
the obligations of the Underwriters hereunder may be terminated by the
Representatives by notifying the Company of such termination in writing or by
telegram at or prior to the Closing Date or the Option Closing Date, as the case
may be.
In such event, the Company and the Underwriters shall not be under any
obligation to each other (except to the extent provided in Sections 5 and 8
hereof).
7. Conditions of the Obligations of the Company.
--------------------------------------------
The obligations of the Company to sell and deliver the Shares as and when
specified in this Agreement are subject to the conditions that at the Closing
Date or the Option Closing Date, as the case may be, no stop order suspending
the effectiveness of the Registration Statement shall have been issued and in
effect or proceedings therefor initiated or threatened.
8. Indemnification.
---------------
(a) The Company agrees to indemnify and hold harmless each Underwriter and
each person, if any, who controls any Underwriter within the meaning of the Act
or the Exchange Act, against any losses, claims, damages or liabilities to which
such Underwriter or any such controlling person may become subject under the Act
or otherwise, insofar as such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions
or proceedings in respect thereof) arise out of or are based upon (i) any
untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of any material fact contained in
the Registration Statement, or any amendment thereto, any Preliminary
Prospectus, the Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto, or (ii) the
omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be
stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading in the
light of the circumstances under which they were made; and will reimburse each
Underwriter and each such controlling person upon demand for any legal or other
expenses reasonably incurred by such Underwriter or such controlling person in
connection with investigating or defending any such loss, claim, damage or
liability, action or proceeding or in responding to a subpoena or governmental
inquiry related to the offering of the Shares; provided, however, that the
Company will not be liable in any such case to the extent that any such loss,
claim, damage or liability arises out of or is based upon an untrue statement or
alleged untrue statement, or omission or alleged omission made in the
Registration Statement, any Preliminary Prospectus, the Prospectus, or such
amendment or supplement thereto, in reliance upon and in conformity with written
information furnished to the Company by or through the Representatives
specifically for use in the preparation thereof.
(b) Each Underwriter, severally and not jointly, agrees to indemnify and
hold harmless the Company, each of its directors, each of its officers who have
signed the Registration
- 20 -
<PAGE>
Statement and each person, if any, who controls the Company within the meaning
of the Act or the Exchange Act, against any losses, claims, damages or
liabilities to which the Company or any such director, officer or controlling
person may become subject under the Act or otherwise, insofar as such losses,
claims, damages or liabilities (or actions or proceedings in respect thereof)
arise out of or are based upon (i) any untrue statement or alleged untrue
statement of any material fact contained in the Registration Statement, any
Preliminary Prospectus, the Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto,
or (ii) the omission or the alleged omission to state therein a material fact
required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not
misleading in the light of the circumstances under which they were made; and
will reimburse any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by the Company or
any such director, officer or controlling person in connection with
investigating or defending any such loss, claim, damage, liability, action or
proceeding; provided, however, that each Underwriter will be liable in each case
to the extent, but only to the extent, that such untrue statement or alleged
untrue statement or omission or alleged omission has been made in the
Registration Statement, any Preliminary Prospectus, the Prospectus or such
amendment or supplement thereto, in reliance upon and in conformity with written
information furnished to the Company by or through the Representatives
specifically for use in the preparation thereof. This indemnity agreement will
be in addition to any liability which such Underwriter may otherwise have.
(c) In case any proceeding (including any governmental investigation)
shall be instituted involving any person in respect of which indemnity may be
sought pursuant to this Section 8, such person (the "indemnified party") shall
promptly notify the person against whom such indemnity may be sought (the
"indemnifying party") in writing. No indemnification provided for in Section
8(a) or (b) shall be available to any party who shall fail to give notice as
provided in this Section 8(c) if the party to whom notice was not given was
unaware of the proceeding to which such notice would have related and was
materially prejudiced by the failure to give such notice, but the failure to
give such notice shall not relieve the indemnifying party or parties from any
liability which it or they may have to the indemnified party for contribution or
otherwise than on account of the provisions of Section 8(a) or (b). In case any
such proceeding shall be brought against any indemnified party and it shall
notify the indemnifying party of the commencement thereof, the indemnifying
party shall be entitled to participate therein and, to the extent that it shall
wish, jointly with any other indemnifying party similarly notified, to assume
the defense thereof, with counsel reasonably satisfactory to such indemnified
party and shall pay as incurred the fees and expenses of such counsel related to
such proceeding upon presentation of statements setting forth in reasonable
detail a description of such fees and expenses. In any such proceeding, any
indemnified party shall have the right to retain its own counsel at its own
expense. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the indemnifying party shall pay as
incurred (or within 30 days of presentation of statements setting forth in
reasonable detail a description of such fees and expenses) the fees and expenses
of the counsel retained by the indemnified party in the event (i) the
indemnifying party and the indemnified party shall have mutually agreed to the
retention of such counsel, (ii) the named parties to any such proceeding
(including any impleaded parties)
- 21 -
<PAGE>
include both the indemnifying party and the indemnified party and the
indemnified party has reasonably determined, based on the advice of counsel,
that representation of both parties by the same counsel would be inappropriate
due to actual or potential differing interests between them or (iii) the
indemnifying party shall have failed to assume the defense and employ counsel
reasonably acceptable to the indemnified party within a reasonable period of
time after notice of commencement of the action. It is understood that the
indemnifying party shall not, in connection with any proceeding or related
proceedings in the same jurisdiction, be liable for the reasonable fees and
expenses of more than one separate firm for all such indemnified parties. Such
firm shall be designated in writing by you in the case of parties indemnified
pursuant to Section 8(a) and by the Company in the case of parties indemnified
pursuant to Section 8(b). The indemnifying party shall not be liable for any
settlement of any proceeding effected without its written consent but if settled
with such consent or if there be a final judgment for the plaintiff, the
indemnifying party agrees to indemnify the indemnified party from and against
any loss or liability by reason of such settlement or judgment. In addition, the
indemnifying party will not, without the prior written consent of the
indemnified party, settle or compromise or consent to the entry of any judgment
in any pending or threatened claim, action or proceeding of which
indemnification may be sought hereunder (whether or not any indemnified party is
an actual or potential party to such claim, action or proceeding) unless such
settlement, compromise or consent includes an unconditional release of each
indemnified party from all liability arising out of such claim, action or
proceeding.
(d) If the indemnification provided for in this Section 8 is unavailable
to or insufficient to indemnify and hold harmless an indemnified party under
Section 8(a) or (b) above in respect of any losses, claims, damages or
liabilities (or actions or proceedings in respect thereof) referred to therein,
then each indemnifying party shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by
such indemnified party as a result of such losses, claims, damages or
liabilities (or actions or proceedings in respect thereof) in such proportion as
is appropriate to reflect the relative benefits received by the Company on the
one hand and the Underwriters on the other from the offering of the Shares. If,
however, the allocation provided by the immediately preceding sentence is not
permitted by applicable law then each indemnifying party shall contribute to
such amount paid or payable by such indemnified party in such proportion as is
appropriate to reflect not only such relative benefits but also the relative
fault of the Company on the one hand and the Underwriters on the other in
connection with the statements or omissions which resulted in such losses,
claims, damages or liabilities, (or actions or proceedings in respect thereof),
as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. The relative benefits
received by the Company on the one hand and the Underwriters on the other shall
be deemed to be in the same proportion as the total net proceeds from the
offering (before deducting expenses) received by the Company bear to the total
underwriting discounts and commissions received by the Underwriters, in each
case as set forth in the table on the cover page of the Prospectus. The
relative fault shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether
the untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or the omission or
alleged omission to state a material fact relates to information supplied by
- 22 -
<PAGE>
the Company on the one hand or the Underwriters on the other and the parties'
relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or
prevent such statement or omission.
The Company and the Underwriters agree that it would not be just and
equitable if contributions pursuant to this Section 8(d) were determined by pro
rata allocation (even if the Underwriters were treated as one entity for such
purpose) or by any other method of allocation which does not take account of the
equitable considerations referred to above in this Section 8(d). The amount
paid or payable by an indemnified party as a result of the losses, claims,
damages or liabilities (or actions or proceedings in respect thereof) referred
to above in this Section 8(d) shall be deemed to include any legal or other
expenses reasonably incurred by such indemnified party in connection with
investigating or defending any such action or claim. Notwithstanding the
provisions of this subsection (d), (i) no Underwriter shall be required to
contribute any amount in excess of the underwriting discounts and commissions
applicable to the Shares purchased by such Underwriter and (ii) no person guilty
of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Act)
shall be entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty of such
fraudulent misrepresentation. The Underwriters' obligations in this Section
8(d) to contribute are several in proportion to their respective underwriting
obligations and not joint.
(e) In any action, claim or proceeding relating to the Registration
Statement, any Preliminary Prospectus, the Prospectus or any supplement or
amendment thereto, each party against whom contribution may be sought under this
Section 8 hereby consents to the jurisdiction of any court having jurisdiction
over any other contributing party, agrees that process issuing from such court
may be served upon him or it by any other contributing party and consents to the
service of such process and agrees that any other contributing party may join
him or it as an additional defendant in any such proceeding in which such other
contributing party is a party.
(f) The indemnity and contribution agreements contained in this Section 8
and the representations and warranties of the Company set forth in this
Agreement shall remain operative and in full force and effect, regardless of (i)
any investigation made by or on behalf of any Underwriter or any person
controlling any Underwriter, the Company, its directors or officers or any
persons controlling the Company, (ii) acceptance of any Shares and payment
therefor hereunder, and (iii) any termination of this Agreement. A successor to
any Underwriter, or any persons controlling any Underwriter, or to the Company
shall be entitled to the benefits of the indemnity and contribution contained in
this Section 8.
9. Default by Underwriters.
-----------------------
If on the Closing Date or the Option Closing Date, as the case may be, any
Underwriter shall fail to purchase and pay for the portion of the Shares which
such Underwriter has agreed to purchase and pay for on such date (otherwise than
by reason of any default on the part of the
- 23 -
<PAGE>
Company), you, as Representatives of the Underwriters, shall use your reasonable
efforts to procure within 36 hours thereafter one or more of the other
Underwriters, or any others, to purchase from the Company such amounts as may be
agreed upon and upon the terms set forth herein, the Firm Shares or Option
Shares, as the case may be, which the defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters
failed to purchase. If during such 36 hours you, as such Representatives, shall
not have procured such other Underwriters, or any others, to purchase the Firm
Shares or Option Shares, as the case may be, agreed under this Agreement to be
purchased by the defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters, then (a) if the
aggregate number of Shares with respect to which such default shall occur does
not exceed 10% of the Firm Shares or Option Shares, as the case may be, covered
hereby, the other Underwriters shall be obligated, severally, in proportion to
the respective numbers of Firm Shares or Option Shares, as the case may be,
which they are obligated to purchase hereunder, to purchase the Firm Shares or
Option Shares, as the case may be, which such defaulting Underwriter or
Underwriters failed to purchase, or (b) if the aggregate number of shares of
Firm Shares or Option Shares, as the case may be, with respect to which such
default shall occur exceeds 10% of the Firm Shares or Option Shares, as the case
may be, covered hereby, the Company or you, as the Representatives of the
Underwriters will have the right, by written notice given within the next
36-hour period to the parties to this Agreement, to terminate this Agreement
without liability on the part of the non-defaulting Underwriters or of the
Company, except to the extent provided in Section 8 hereof. In the event of a
default by any Underwriter or Underwriters, as set forth in this Section 9, the
Closing Date or Option Closing Date, as the case may be, may be postponed for
such period, not exceeding seven days, as you, as Representatives, may determine
in order that the required changes in the Registration Statement or in the
Prospectus or in any other documents or arrangements may be effected. The term
"Underwriter" includes any person substituted for a defaulting Underwriter. Any
action taken under this Section 9 shall not relieve any defaulting Underwriter
from liability in respect of any default of such Underwriter under this
Agreement.
10. Notices.
-------
All communications hereunder shall be in writing and, except as otherwise
provided herein, will be mailed, delivered, telecopied or telegraphed and
confirmed as follows: if to the Underwriters, to BT Alex. Brown Incorporated, 1
South Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21202, Attention: Roger G. Powell, Managing
Director; with a copy to BT Alex. Brown & Sons Incorporated, 1 South Street,
Baltimore, Maryland 21202, Attention: General Counsel; if to the Company, to
National Discount Brokers Group, Inc., 10 Exchange Place Centre, Jersey City,
New Jersey 07302, Attention: Frank E. Lawatsch, Jr., Executive Vice President
and General Counsel.
11. Termination.
-----------
- 24 -
<PAGE>
This Agreement may be terminated by you as Representatives, by notice to
the Company at any time prior to the Closing Date: (a) if any of the following
has occurred: (i) since the respective dates as of which information is given in
the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, any Material Adverse Effect; (ii)
any outbreak or escalation of hostilities or declaration of war or national
emergency or other national or international calamity or crisis or change in the
financial markets, economic or political conditions of the United States if the
effect of such event or condition would, in your judgment, make it impracticable
to market the Shares or to enforce contracts for the sale of the Shares; (iii)
trading generally shall have been suspended or materially limited on or by, as
the case may be, any of the New York Stock Exchange, the American Stock
Exchange, The Nasdaq Stock Market, the Chicago Board of Options Exchange, the
Chicago Mercantile Exchange or the Chicago Board of Trade; (iv) the enactment,
publication, decree or other promulgation of any statute, regulation, rule or
order of any court or other governmental authority which in your judgment
materially and adversely affects or may materially and adversely affect the
condition, financial or otherwise, of the Company and the Subsidiaries taken as
a whole or the earnings, business, management, properties, assets, rights,
operations, condition (financial or otherwise) or prospects of the Company and
the Subsidiaries taken as a whole; (v) declaration of a banking moratorium by
United States or New York State authorities, (vi) any downgrading in the rating
of the Company's debt securities by any "nationally recognized statistical
rating organization" (as defined for purposes of Rule 436(g) under the Exchange
Act); (vii) the suspension of trading of the Company's Common Stock on the New
York Stock Exchange (other than temporary suspensions for order imbalances); or
(viii) the taking of any action by any governmental body or agency in respect of
its monetary or fiscal affairs which in your reasonable opinion has a material
adverse effect on the securities markets in the United States; or
(b) as provided in Sections 6 and 9 of this Agreement.
12. Successors.
----------
This Agreement has been and is made solely for the benefit of the
Underwriters and the Company, and their respective successors, executors,
administrators, heirs and assigns, and the officers, directors and controlling
persons referred to herein, and no other person will have any right or
obligation hereunder. No purchaser of any of the Shares from any Underwriter
shall be deemed a successor or assign merely because of such purchase.
13. Information Provided by Underwriters.
------------------------------------
The Company and the Underwriters acknowledge and agree that the only
information furnished or to be furnished by any Underwriter to the Company for
inclusion in any Prospectus or the Registration Statement, or any amendments or
supplements thereto, consists of the
- 25 -
<PAGE>
information set forth in the last paragraph on the front cover page (insofar as
such information relates to the Underwriters), legends required by Item 502(d)
of Regulation S-K under the Act and the information [in all but the last
paragraph] under the caption "Plan of Distribution" in the Prospectus.
14. Miscellaneous.
-------------
The reimbursement, indemnification and contribution agreements contained in
this Agreement and the representations, warranties and covenants in this
Agreement shall remain in full force and effect regardless of (a) any
termination of this Agreement, (b) any investigation made by or on behalf of
any Underwriter or controlling person thereof, or by or on behalf of the Company
or its directors or officers, and (c) delivery of and payment for the Shares
under this Agreement.
This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, each of which
shall be deemed an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and
the same instrument.
This Agreement shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the
laws of the State of Delaware, but without regard to the principles of conflicts
of laws thereof.
If the foregoing letter is in accordance with your understanding of our
agreement, please sign and return to us the enclosed duplicates hereof,
whereupon it will become a binding agreement among the Company and the
Underwriters in accordance with its terms.
Very truly yours,
NATIONAL DISCOUNT BROKERS GROUP, INC.
By: ________________________________
[printed name]
[title]
- 26 -
<PAGE>
The foregoing Underwriting Agreement
is hereby confirmed and accepted as
of the date first above written.
BT ALEX. BROWN INCORPORATED
U.S. BANCORP PIPER JAFFRAY
As Representatives of the several
Underwriters listed on Schedule I
By: BT Alex. Brown Incorporated
By:
---------------------------------
Authorized Officer
- 27 -
<PAGE>
SCHEDULE I
Schedule of Underwriters
Number of Firm Shares
Underwriter to be Purchased
- ----------- ----------------------
BT Alex. Brown Incorporated
U.S. Bancorp Piper Jaffray
_________________
Total................
=================
- 28 -
<PAGE>
SCHEDULE II
Schedule of subsidiaries
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Name of Subsidiary Jurisdiction of Incorporation Ownership by the Company
- ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Sherwood Securities Corp. Delaware 100%
Triak Services Corp. New York 100%
SHD Corp. Delaware 100%
</TABLE>
- 29 -
<PAGE>
EXHIBIT 5.1
GIBBONS, DEL DEO, DOLAN, GRIFFINGER & VECCHIONE
A Professional Corporation
One Riverfront Plaza
Newark, New Jersey 07102
May 20, 1999
National Discount Brokers Group, Inc.
10 Exchange Place Centre
Jersey City, New Jersey 07302
Ladies and Gentlemen:
You have requested our opinion with respect to the public offering and sale
by you, National Discount Brokers Group, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the
"Company"), pursuant to a Registration Statement on Form S-3 (No. 333-78149)
(the "Registration Statement") under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the
"Act"), of a maximum of 2,990,000 shares of Common Stock, par value $.01 per
share (the "Common Stock").
We have examined originals, or copies certified or otherwise identified to
our satisfaction, of such documents and corporate and public records as we deem
necessary as a basis for the opinion hereinafter expressed. With respect to
such examination, we have assumed the genuineness of all signatures appearing on
all documents presented to us as originals, and the conformity to the originals
of all documents presented to us as conformed or reproduced copies. Where
factual matters relevant to such opinion were not independently established, we
have relied upon certificates of appropriate state and local officials, and upon
certificates of executive officers and responsible employees and agents of the
Company.
Based upon the foregoing, it is our opinion that the Common Stock, when
sold, paid for and issued as contemplated by the Registration Statement, will be
duly and validly issued and fully paid and nonassessable.
<PAGE>
National Discount Brokers Group, Inc.
May 20, 1999
Page 2
We hereby consent to the use of this opinion as Exhibit 5.1 to the
Registration Statement, and to the use of our name as your counsel in connection
with the Registration Statement and in the Prospectus forming a part thereof. In
giving this consent, we do not thereby concede that we come within the
categories of persons whose consent is required by the Act or the General Rules
and Regulations promulgated thereunder.
Very truly yours,
/s/ Gibbons, Del Deo, Dolan,
Griffinger & Vecchione, P.C.
GIBBONS, DEL DEO, DOLAN,
GRIFFINGER & VECCHIONE
A Professional Corporation
-2-
<PAGE>
Consent of Independent Accountants
The Board of Directors of National Discount Brokers Group, Inc.:
We consent to the use of our report dated July 15, 1998, included herein and to
the reference to our firm under the heading "Experts" in the Prospectus.
KPMG LLP
New York, New York
May 19, 1999
<PAGE>
Consent of Independent Accountants
We hereby consent to the use in this Registration Statement on Form S-3 of our
reports dated May 7, 1999 relating to the consolidated financial statements and
financial statement schedule of National Discount Brokers Group, Inc., as of
and for the nine months ended February 28, 1999 which appear in such
Registration Statement. We also consent to the reference to us under the
heading "Experts" in such Registration Statement.
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
New York, New York
May 19, 1999
