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Rule 424(b)(3) Prospectus
File No. 333-05365
UTAH FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK
November 13, 1996
Dear Shareholder:
You are cordially invited to attend a special meeting of shareholders
of Utah Federal Savings Bank ("Utah Federal") to be held on November 26, 1996
at 10:00 a.m., local time, at the corporate headquarters of Utah Federal
located at 2279 Washington Boulevard, Ogden, Utah.
At this meeting you will be asked to consider and vote upon the
following proposal:
To approve the Agreement for Merger (the "Merger Agreement")
dated as of February 29, 1996, as amended as of September 10,
1996, among Washington Mutual, Inc. ("Washington Mutual"),
Washington Mutual Bank fsb ("WMBfsb") and Utah Federal,
pursuant to which Utah Federal will merge with and into
WMBfsb (the "Merger").
As a result of the Merger, Utah Federal shareholders will receive
$107.04 per share, subject to adjustment as described in the accompanying Proxy
Statement/Prospectus, such consideration to be paid in newly issued shares of
Washington Mutual common stock.
As we notified you on July 23, 1996, the Utah Federal shareholder
meeting originally scheduled for July 31, 1996 was delayed because of
Washington Mutual's announcement of the execution of an agreement to merge with
Keystone Holdings, Inc. ("Keystone Holdings"), the parent corporation of
American Savings Bank, F.A. American Savings Bank, F.A. is a California-based
savings bank with over $20 billion in assets at June 30, 1996. In connection
with the merger with Keystone Holdings, and certain related transactions,
Washington Mutual will issue approximately 48,000,000 shares of Washington
Mutual common stock. Because of the magnitude of the Keystone Holdings
transaction, the enclosed Proxy Statement/Prospectus has been revised to
include information regarding Keystone Holdings and the terms of the Keystone
Holdings transaction.
As of the date of this Proxy Statement/Prospectus, one shareholder of
Utah Federal beneficially owns 134,609 shares of Utah Federal common stock,
representing approximately 94.8 percent of the outstanding shares of Utah
Federal common stock, and has indicated that he will vote in favor of the
Merger.
THE UTAH FEDERAL BOARD OF DIRECTORS HAS UNANIMOUSLY APPROVED THE MERGER
AND THE MERGER AGREEMENT AND RECOMMENDS THAT YOU VOTE "FOR" THE APPROVAL AND
ADOPTION OF THE MERGER AGREEMENT PURSUANT TO WHICH THE MERGER WILL OCCUR.
Details of the proposed Merger and other important information
concerning Utah Federal, Washington Mutual and Keystone Holdings appear in the
accompanying Proxy Statement/Prospectus. Please give this material your
careful attention.
Whether or not you plan to attend this special meeting, please
complete, sign and date the accompanying green proxy and return it in the
enclosed prepaid envelope. You may revoke your proxy in the manner described in
the accompanying Proxy Statement/Prospectus at any time before it has been voted
at the special meeting. If you attend the special meeting, you may vote in
person even if you have previously returned your proxy. Your prompt attention
will be greatly appreciated.
Sincerely,
Ernest J. Miller Michael R. Garrett
Chairman of the Board President and Chief Executive Officer
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UTAH FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK
NOTICE OF SPECIAL MEETING OF SHAREHOLDERS
TO BE HELD ON NOVEMBER 26, 1996
TO THE SHAREHOLDERS OF UTAH FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK:
NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN that a special meeting of shareholders of Utah
Federal Savings Bank, a federal savings bank ("Utah Federal"), will be held on
November 26, 1996 at 10:00 a.m., local time, at the corporate headquarters of
Utah Federal located at 2279 Washington Boulevard, Ogden, Utah, for the
following purpose:
To approve the Agreement for Merger (the "Merger Agreement") dated as
of February 29, 1996, as amended as of September 10, 1996, among
Washington Mutual, Inc. ("Washington Mutual"), Washington Mutual Bank
fsb ("WMBfsb") and Utah Federal, pursuant to which Utah Federal will
merge with and into WMBfsb (the "Merger").
The Merger Agreement is attached to and described in the enclosed Proxy
Statement/Prospectus.
Only shareholders of record at the close of business on October 28,
1996 are entitled to notice of and to vote at the special meeting. If there are
not sufficient votes to approve the foregoing proposal at the time of the
special meeting, the special meeting may be adjourned or postponed.
All shareholders are cordially invited to attend the meeting in person.
However, to ensure your representation at the meeting, you are urged to
complete, sign, date and return the enclosed green proxy as promptly as possible
in the postage-prepaid envelope enclosed for that purpose. You may revoke your
proxy in the manner described in the accompanying Proxy Statement/Prospectus at
any time before it has been voted at the special meeting. Any shareholder
attending the special meeting may vote in person even if he or she has returned
a proxy.
SHAREHOLDERS SHOULD NOT SEND ANY STOCK CERTIFICATES
WITH THEIR PROXIES.
BY ORDER OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS
Georgia S. Goodell, Secretary
Ogden, Utah
November 13, 1996
YOUR VOTE IS IMPORTANT REGARDLESS OF THE NUMBER OF SHARES YOU OWN. APPROVAL OF
THE MERGER AGREEMENT REQUIRES THE AFFIRMATIVE VOTE OF HOLDERS OF TWO-THIRDS OF
THE OUTSTANDING SHARES OF UTAH FEDERAL COMMON STOCK. IN ORDER TO ENSURE THAT THE
REQUISITE VOTES ARE OBTAINED, AND IN ORDER TO ENSURE A QUORUM, WE URGE YOU TO
SIGN, DATE AND RETURN THE ENCLOSED PROXY.
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PROXY STATEMENT PROSPECTUS
OF OF
UTAH FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK WASHINGTON MUTUAL, INC.
SPECIAL MEETING OF SHAREHOLDERS COMMON STOCK
TO BE HELD ON NOVEMBER 26, 1996 (NO PAR VALUE)
This Proxy Statement/Prospectus is being furnished to the holders of
shares of common stock, par value $10.00 per share ("Utah Federal Common
Stock"), of Utah Federal Savings Bank, a federal savings bank ("Utah Federal"),
in connection with the solicitation of proxies by the Board of Directors of Utah
Federal for use at a special meeting of shareholders to be held on November 26,
1996, at 10:00 a.m., local time, at the corporate headquarters of Utah
Federal located at 2279 Washington Blvd., Ogden, Utah, and at any adjournments
or postponements thereof (the "Special Meeting").
At the Special Meeting, the holders of Utah Federal Common Stock will
consider and vote upon a proposal to approve the Agreement for Merger (the
"Merger Agreement") dated as of February 29, 1996, and amended as of
September 10, 1996, by and among Washington Mutual, Inc., a Washington
corporation ("Washington Mutual"), Washington Mutual Bank fsb, a federal
savings bank and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Washington Mutual ("WMBfsb"),
and Utah Federal, pursuant to which Utah Federal will merge with and into
WMBfsb (the "Merger"). A copy of the Merger Agreement is attached to this
Proxy Statement/Prospectus as Appendix A. As more fully described herein,
pursuant to the Merger Agreement, Utah Federal will merge with and into WMBfsb
and all of the outstanding shares of Utah Federal Common Stock held by each
holder thereof immediately before the effective time of the Merger will be
converted into the right to receive $107.04 per share, subject to adjustment as
described herein ("Merger Consideration"), to be paid in newly issued shares of
common stock, no par value per share, of Washington Mutual ("Washington Mutual
Common Stock"). Utah Federal currently anticipates that, pursuant to the Merger
Agreement, the Merger Consideration may be decreased by up to $0.35 per share.
If Utah Federal's transaction fees in connection with the Merger are higher
than currently anticipated, the Merger Consideration will be subject to
further downward adjustment and, if the reduction exceeds the anticipated
maximum, Utah Federal will resolicit its shareholders with respect to approval
of the Merger Agreement. The Merger Consideration may be subject to further
adjustment in other circumstances. See "THE MERGER -- General" and "THE MERGER
AGREEMENT -- Expenses."
As described in further detail elsewhere herein, Washington Mutual has
entered in to an Agreement for Merger ("Keystone Merger Agreement") dated July
21, 1996, among Washington Mutual, Keystone Holdings Partners, L.P. ("KHP"),
Keystone Holdings, Inc. ("Keystone Holdings"), American Savings Bank, F.A.
("ASB") and other affiliates of Keystone Holdings. Pursuant to the Keystone
Merger Agreement and certain other related agreements (collectively, the
"Keystone Transaction"), Washington Mutual will merge with Keystone Holdings
and the direct and indirect subsidiaries of Keystone Holdings, including ASB,
will become wholly-owned subsidiaries of Washington Mutual. Integral components
of the Keystone Transaction are certain agreements, which provide for (i)
Washington Mutual's acquisition of certain warrants representing the right to
purchase shares of the parent company of ASB (the "Warrants"); and (ii)
granting certain registration rights to recipients of Washington Mutual Common
Stock in the Keystone Transaction. In connection with the Keystone Transaction,
Washington Mutual will issue 47,883,333 shares of Washington Mutual Common
Stock as follows: 25,883,333 shares to KHP, the sole shareholder of Keystone
Holdings, for immediate distribution to its general and limited partners (the
"Investors"); 14,000,000 shares to the FSLIC Resolution Fund (the "FRF"), the
holder of the Warrants; and 8,000,000 shares to an escrow for the benefit of
KHP and the FRF.
Consummation of the Keystone Transaction is conditioned on the approval
of the holders of Washington Mutual Common Stock, regulatory approvals and
other conditions customary in a transaction of this nature. There can be no
assurance that the Keystone Transaction will be consummated.
On September 9, 1996, Washington Mutual continued its expansion into
the Utah market by announcing its agreement to acquire United Western Financial
Group, Inc. of Salt Lake City ("United Western") and its United Savings Bank,
Uniwest Service Corporation and Western Mortgage Loan subsidiaries for $80.3
million in cash. The acquisition is subject to regulatory and shareholder
approvals and certain other conditions. There can be no assurances when or if
the United Western acquisition will be consummated.
As of the date of this Proxy Statement/Prospectus, Ernest J. Miller, a
Director and Chairman of the Board of Utah Federal, beneficially owns 134,609
shares of Utah Federal Common Stock, representing approximately 94.8 percent of
the outstanding shares of Utah Federal Common Stock, and has indicated that he
will vote in favor of the Merger.
This Proxy Statement/Prospectus also constitutes a Prospectus of
Washington Mutual with respect to the shares of Washington Mutual Common Stock
to be issued in the Merger. The outstanding shares of Washington Mutual Common
Stock are quoted on the National Market tier of The Nasdaq Stock Market. The
last reported sale price of Washington Mutual Common Stock on The Nasdaq Stock
Market on October 31, 1996, was $42.25 per share.
THESE SECURITIES HAVE NOT BEEN APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED BY THE SECURITIES AND
EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR ANY STATE SECURITIES COMMISSION NOR HAS THE COMMISSION OR
ANY STATE SECURITIES COMMISSION PASSED UPON THE ACCURACY OR ADEQUACY OF THIS
PROXY STATEMENT/PROSPECTUS. ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS A CRIMINAL
OFFENSE.
This Proxy Statement/Prospectus and the accompanying form of proxy are
first being mailed to shareholders of Utah Federal on or about November 13,
1996.
THE DATE OF THIS PROXY STATEMENT/PROSPECTUS IS NOVEMBER 13, 1996.
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AVAILABLE INFORMATION
Washington Mutual is subject to the informational requirements of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"), and in
accordance therewith files reports, proxy statements and other information with
the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Commission"). The reports, proxy
statements and other information filed by Washington Mutual with the Commission
can be inspected and copied at the public reference facilities maintained by the
Commission at Room 1024, 450 Fifth Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20549, and at
the Commission's Regional Offices at Seven World Trade Center (13th Floor), New
York, New York 10048, and Northwestern Atrium Center, 500 West Madison Street,
Suite 1400, Chicago, Illinois 60661, at prescribed rates. In addition, material
filed by Washington Mutual can be inspected at the offices of the National
Association of Securities Dealers, Inc., Report Section, 1735 K Street, N.W.,
Washington, D.C. 20006.
Utah Federal was subject to the informational requirements of the
Exchange Act from September 23, 1992 to June 30, 1995, and in accordance
therewith filed reports, proxy statements and other information with the Office
of Thrift Supervision ("OTS"). The reports, proxy statements and other
information filed by Utah Federal with the OTS can be inspected at the Office of
Thrift Supervision, Information Services Division, 1700 G Street, N.W.,
Washington, D.C. 20552.
Washington Mutual has filed a Registration Statement on Form S-4
(together with any exhibits, amendments or supplements thereto, the
"Registration Statement") under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the
"Securities Act"), covering the Washington Mutual Common Stock to be issued
pursuant to the Merger Agreement. This Proxy Statement/Prospectus does not
contain all the information set forth in the Registration Statement. Such
additional information may be obtained from the Commission's principal office in
Washington, D.C. Statements contained in this Proxy Statement/Prospectus as to
the contents of any contract or other document referred to herein are not
necessarily complete and in each instance reference is made to the copy of such
contract or other document filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement,
each such statement being qualified in all respects by such reference.
No person has been authorized to give any information or to make any
representation other than those contained in this Proxy Statement/Prospectus in
connection with the solicitation of proxies or the offering of securities made
hereby and, if given or made, such information or representation must not be
relied upon as having been authorized by Utah Federal, Washington Mutual or any
other person. This Proxy Statement/Prospectus does not constitute an offer to
sell, or a solicitation of an offer to buy, any securities, or the solicitation
of a proxy, in any jurisdiction to or from any person to or from whom it is not
lawful to make any such offer or solicitation in such jurisdiction.
Neither the delivery of this Proxy Statement/Prospectus nor any
distribution of securities made hereunder shall, under any circumstances, create
an implication that there has been no change in the affairs of Utah Federal or
Washington Mutual since the date hereof or that the information herein is
correct as of any time subsequent to the date hereof.
All information contained in this Proxy Statement/Prospectus relating
to Washington Mutual and Keystone Holdings has been supplied by Washington
Mutual and all information herein relating to Utah Federal has been supplied by
Utah Federal.
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PROXY STATEMENT/PROSPECTUS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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AVAILABLE INFORMATION.............................................................................. 2
SUMMARY ........................................................................................... 6
The Participants........................................................................... 6
The Special Meeting........................................................................ 7
The Merger................................................................................. 7
The Merger Agreement....................................................................... 10
Comparative Rights of Shareholders......................................................... 10
Management and Operations of Washington Mutual and WMBfsb After the Merger................. 11
Resales of Washington Mutual Common Stock.................................................. 11
MARKET PRICES AND DIVIDENDS........................................................................ 13
SELECTED HISTORICAL FINANCIAL DATA................................................................. 14
Summary Consolidated Financial Data of Washington Mutual................................... 14
Summary Consolidated Financial Data of Keystone Holdings................................... 17
Summary Consolidated Financial Data of Utah Federal........................................ 19
Summary Historical and Pro Forma Combined Financial Data for Washington Mutual and
Keystone Holdings................................................................... 21
COMPARATIVE PER SHARE DATA......................................................................... 24
THE SPECIAL MEETING................................................................................ 26
General.................................................................................... 26
Matters To Be Considered at the Special Meeting............................................ 26
Record Date and Voting..................................................................... 26
Quorum; Votes Required..................................................................... 26
Voting and Revocation of Proxies........................................................... 26
Solicitation of Proxies.................................................................... 27
THE MERGER......................................................................................... 27
General.................................................................................... 27
Background of the Merger................................................................... 28
Reasons for the Merger; Recommendation of the Utah Federal Board........................... 30
Opinion of Financial Advisor............................................................... 31
Risk Factors Related to the Keystone Transaction and Keystone Holdings..................... 33
Significant Shareholders................................................................... 34
Interests of Certain Persons in the Merger................................................. 35
Affiliate Letters.......................................................................... 36
Regulatory Approvals....................................................................... 36
Federal Income Tax Consequences............................................................ 36
Accounting Treatment....................................................................... 42
Dissenters' Rights......................................................................... 38
Resales of Washington Mutual Common Stock by Utah Federal Shareholders..................... 39
THE MERGER AGREEMENT............................................................................... 39
Effective Date and Time of the Merger...................................................... 39
Conditions to the Merger................................................................... 39
Business of Utah Federal Pending the Merger................................................ 40
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Waiver and Amendment....................................................................... 41
Termination................................................................................ 41
Break-Up Fees.............................................................................. 42
Stock Option Agreement..................................................................... 43
Exchange of Stock Certificates............................................................. 43
Effect on Employee Benefit Plans and Stock Plans........................................... 44
Expenses................................................................................... 45
Post-Merger Dividend Policy................................................................ 45
COMPARATIVE RIGHTS OF SHAREHOLDERS................................................................. 46
Authorized Capital......................................................................... 46
Voting Rights.............................................................................. 46
Liquidation Rights......................................................................... 47
Dividend Rights............................................................................ 47
Board of Directors......................................................................... 47
Amendments of Articles and Bylaws.......................................................... 48
Anti-Takeover Provisions................................................................... 48
Limitation of Directors' Liability; Indemnification........................................ 50
Washington Mutual Shareholder Rights Plan.................................................. 51
CERTAIN DIFFERENCES BETWEEN WASHINGTON CORPORATE LAW AND OTS
REGULATIONS................................................................................ 51
Right to Call Special Meetings of Shareholders............................................. 51
Provisions Affecting Control Share Acquisitions and Business Combinations.................. 52
Transactions With Officers or Directors.................................................... 52
Dissenters' Rights......................................................................... 52
INFORMATION CONCERNING UTAH FEDERAL................................................................ 53
Business................................................................................... 53
Supervision and Regulation................................................................. 59
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations...... 63
Beneficial Ownership of Utah Federal Common Stock.......................................... 68
INFORMATION CONCERNING WASHINGTON MUTUAL........................................................... 69
General.................................................................................... 69
The Reorganization......................................................................... 70
Washington Mutual's Operating Subsidiaries................................................. 70
Lending Activities......................................................................... 71
Asset Quality.............................................................................. 74
Provision for Loan Losses and Reserve for Loan Losses...................................... 75
Other Investments.......................................................................... 76
Sources of Funds........................................................................... 77
Asset and Liability Management............................................................. 79
Business Combinations...................................................................... 79
Employees.................................................................................. 80
Taxation................................................................................... 80
Environmental Regulation................................................................... 81
Regulation and Supervision................................................................. 81
Competitive Environment.................................................................... 87
MARKET FOR WASHINGTON MUTUAL'S COMMON STOCK AND RELATED SECURITY
HOLDER MATTERS............................................................................. 88
Description of Washington Mutual Capital Stock............................................. 88
Market Prices and Dividends................................................................ 89
Principal Holders of Preferred Stock....................................................... 90
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Security Ownership of Directors and Executive Officers..................................... 91
Dividend Policy............................................................................ 92
SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA OF WASHINGTON MUTUAL....................................................... 94
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL POSITION AND RESULTS OF
OPERATIONS OF WASHINGTON MUTUAL FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
1995....................................................................................... 95
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS
OF OPERATIONS OF WASHINGTON MUTUAL FOR THE SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30,
1996....................................................................................... 116
MANAGEMENT OF WASHINGTON MUTUAL.................................................................... 124
Principal Officers......................................................................... 124
Directors.................................................................................. 125
Information Regarding the Board of Directors and Its Committees............................ 126
Compensation of Directors.................................................................. 127
Summary Compensation Table................................................................. 127
Grants of Stock Options in 1995............................................................ 129
Aggregated Option Exercises in 1995 and Year-End Option Values............................. 130
Cash Balance Pension Plan.................................................................. 130
Related Party Transactions................................................................. 130
Employment, Termination and Change of Control Agreements................................... 131
LEGAL MATTERS...................................................................................... 131
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS............................................................................... 131
OTHER MATTERS...................................................................................... 131
AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AS OF DECEMBER 31, 1995
RESTATED TO GIVE CONSIDERATION TO WASHINGTON MUTUAL'S MERGER TRANSACTION
WITH WESTERN BANK.................................................................................. 133
Independent Auditors' Report............................................................... 134
Consolidated Statements of Income.......................................................... 135
Consolidated Statements of Financial Position.............................................. 136
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity............................................ 137
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows...................................................... 138
Supplemental Disclosures Related to the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.............. 139
Notes to Financial Statements.............................................................. 140
UNAUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF WASHINGTON MUTUAL FOR THE SIX MONTHS
ENDED JUNE 30, 1996........................................................................ 182
Consolidated Statements of Income (unaudited).............................................. 183
Consolidated Statements of Financial Position (unaudited).................................. 184
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity (unaudited)................................ 185
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flow (unaudited)........................................... 186
Supplemental Disclosures Related to the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited).. 187
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements................................................. 188
APPENDIX A: Agreement for Merger (including Plan of Merger)................................ A-1
APPENDIX B: Opinion of Columbia Financial Advisors......................................... B-1
APPENDIX C: Stock Option Agreement......................................................... C-1
APPENDIX D: OTS Dissenter and Appraisal Rights Regulation (12 CFRSection 552.14)........... D-1
APPENDIX E: Financial Statements of Utah Federal Savings Bank.............................. E-1
APPENDIX F: Information Concerning the Keystone Transaction and Keystone Holdings.......... F-1
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SUMMARY
The following is a summary of certain information contained elsewhere
in this Proxy Statement/Prospectus and the Appendices hereto. This summary is
not intended to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by the more
detailed information contained elsewhere in this Proxy Statement/Prospectus and
the Appendices hereto. Shareholders are urged to read this Proxy
Statement/Prospectus and the Appendices hereto in their entirety.
THE PARTICIPANTS
WASHINGTON MUTUAL. Washington Mutual is a Washington corporation that
provides a broad range of financial services to individuals and small businesses
in Washington, Oregon, Utah, Montana and Idaho through its subsidiary
operations. The principal subsidiaries of Washington Mutual include its banking
subsidiaries, WMBfsb and Washington Mutual Bank ("WMB"), and its insurance
subsidiary, WM Life Insurance Co. ("WM Life"). Financial services of Washington
Mutual include the traditional savings bank activities of accepting deposits
from the general public and making residential loans, consumer loans and limited
types of commercial real estate loans (primarily multi-family residential
property loans) and, more recently, certain commercial banking activities.
Washington Mutual, through other subsidiaries, also issues and markets annuity
contracts and is the investment advisor to and distributor of mutual funds.
As of June 30, 1996, Washington Mutual operated a total of 297
financial centers and 23 loan centers in Washington, Oregon, Idaho, Utah and
Montana. At June 30, 1996, Washington Mutual had total consolidated assets of
$22.3 billion, total deposits of $11.0 billion and stockholders' equity of $1.6
billion. The principal executive offices of Washington Mutual are located in the
Washington Mutual Tower, 1201 Third Avenue, Suite 1500, Seattle, Washington
98101, and its telephone number is (206) 461-2000.
WMBFSB. WMBfsb, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Washington Mutual, is a
federal savings bank, formed in 1994 to participate in a supervisory acquisition
of certain branches of a federal savings bank from the Resolution Trust
Corporation. WMBfsb's principal business includes the traditional savings
association activity of accepting deposits from the general public and making
residential loans, consumer loans and limited types of commercial real estate
loans, primarily multi-family. At June 30, 1996, WMBfsb had assets of $811.5
million and operated 25 financial centers, of which 16 are in Utah, six are in
Idaho, two are in Montana and one is in Oregon, and operated one loan center in
Idaho and one in Utah. WMBfsb's deposits are insured by the Federal Deposit
Insurance Corporation ("FDIC") through the Savings Association Insurance Fund
("SAIF"). The principal executive office of WMBfsb is located in the Washington
Mutual Tower, 1201 Third Avenue, Seattle, Washington.
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For additional information concerning Washington Mutual and WMBfsb, see
"INFORMATION CONCERNING WASHINGTON MUTUAL" and "AVAILABLE INFORMATION."
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS. Keystone Holdings, a Texas corporation, is a holding
company whose principal operating subsidiary is ASB, a California-based
federally chartered savings bank. As of June 30, 1996, Keystone Holdings had
consolidated assets of $20.5 billion, deposits of $12.7 billion and
stockholder's equity of $550.4 million. The principal business of ASB consists
of attracting funds in the form of retail deposits through its branches and
obtaining funds through borrowings, and investing those funds in single-family
mortgage loans. ASB is one of the largest originators of single-family
adjustable-rate mortgages ("ARMs") in California. ASB also originates a smaller
volume of multi-family residential loans (the majority of which are secured by
properties with 36 or fewer units) and loans secured by mobile home parks, which
are classified as commercial mortgage loans. In addition, ASB owns subsidiary
service corporations that engage in securities and insurance brokerage.
On July 22, 1996, Washington Mutual announced the signing of the
Keystone Merger Agreement. See "APPENDIX F: INFORMATION CONCERNING THE KEYSTONE
TRANSACTION AND KEYSTONE HOLDINGS" for further detailed information regarding
the Keystone Transaction and Keystone Holdings.
UTAH FEDERAL. Utah Federal was formed as a federal savings bank in
1937. Utah Federal provides the traditional savings association activities of
accepting deposits from the public, and making residential loans, consumer loans
and limited types of commercial real estate loans, primarily multi-family. Utah
Federal operates five branches in Utah, two of which are located in Ogden, and
one branch in each of Brigham City, Logan and Roy, and two loan production
offices in Utah, located in Layton and St. George. At June 30, 1996, Utah
Federal had total assets of $122.3 million, total deposits of $108.7 million and
shareholders' equity of $11.4 million. The principal executive office of Utah
Federal is located at 2279 Washington Blvd., Ogden, Utah and its telephone
number is (801) 621-0100.
For additional information concerning Utah Federal, see "INFORMATION
CONCERNING UTAH FEDERAL" and "APPENDIX E: FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF UTAH FEDERAL."
THE SPECIAL MEETING
TIME, DATE AND PLACE. The Special Meeting will be held at 10:00 a.m.,
local time, on November 26, 1996, at the corporate headquarters of Utah Federal
located at 2279 Washington Blvd., Ogden, Utah.
MATTERS TO BE CONSIDERED. At the Special Meeting, shareholders of Utah
Federal will be asked to consider and vote upon a proposal to approve the Merger
Agreement and to transact such other business as may properly come before the
Special Meeting. See "THE SPECIAL MEETING -- Matters to be Considered at the
Special Meeting."
RECORD DATE; SHARES ENTITLED TO VOTE; QUORUM. The Board of Directors of
Utah Federal (the "Utah Federal Board") has fixed the close of business on
October 28, 1996 as the record date (the "Record Date") for the determination of
the holders of Utah Federal Common Stock ("Utah Federal Shareholders") entitled
to receive notice of and to vote at the Special Meeting. As of the Record Date,
142,000 shares of Utah Federal Common Stock were outstanding and eligible to be
voted at the Special Meeting. Each share of Utah Federal Common Stock will be
entitled to one vote on each matter to be acted upon or that may properly come
before the Special Meeting. The presence, in person or by proxy, of the holders
of a majority of the outstanding shares of Utah Federal Common Stock is required
for a quorum. See "THE SPECIAL MEETING -- Record Date and Voting" and "--
Quorum; Votes Required."
VOTES REQUIRED. The affirmative vote of the holders of two-thirds of
the shares of Utah Federal Common Stock outstanding on the Record Date is
required to approve the Merger Agreement. Accordingly, a failure to submit a
proxy (or to vote in person at the Special Meeting) or an abstention by a Utah
Federal Shareholder or a broker non-vote, which is an indication by a broker
that it does not have discretionary authority to vote on a particular matter,
will have the same effect as a "NO" vote with respect to the vote on the Merger.
As of the date of this Proxy Statement/Prospectus, Mr. Miller, a Director and
Chairman of the Board of Utah Federal, beneficially owns 134,609 shares of Utah
Federal Common Stock, representing approximately 94.8 percent of the
outstanding shares of Utah Federal Common Stock, and has indicated that he will
vote in favor of the Merger. See "THE SPECIAL MEETING -- Record Date and Voting"
and "-- Quorum; Votes Required."
THE MERGER
GENERAL. The Merger Agreement provides for the merger of Utah Federal
with and into WMBfsb, with WMBfsb as the surviving entity. The separate
existence of Utah Federal will cease upon the effectiveness of the Merger. The
Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws of WMBfsb will continue to be the Articles
of Incorporation and Bylaws of the surviving entity after the completion of the
Merger and the WMBfsb Board of Directors will continue to be the Board of
Directors of the surviving entity after the completion of the Merger. Upon
consummation of the Merger, all shares of Utah Federal Common Stock will
automatically be canceled and retired and will cease to exist. Each holder of a
certificate representing any shares of Utah Federal Common Stock will
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cease to have any rights with respect thereto, except the right to receive
shares of Washington Mutual Common Stock to be issued upon the surrender of such
certificate, without interest, as described below, or the right of dissenting
Utah Federal Shareholders to receive fair value for their shares of Utah Federal
Common Stock, under certain circumstances. See "THE MERGER -- Dissenters'
Rights."
At the effective date of the Merger (the "Effective Date"), each
outstanding share of Utah Federal Common Stock will be converted into the right
to receive $107.04 per share, subject to adjustments as described herein, to be
paid in newly issued shares of Washington Mutual Common Stock, as described in
"THE MERGER -- General." Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, if the amount of all
costs and expenses of third parties paid or owed by Utah Federal in connection
with the Merger Agreement and the consummation of the Merger exceed $200,000,
then the Merger Consideration will be reduced by the amount of such excess
divided by the number of shares of Utah Federal Common Stock outstanding at the
Effective Date. Utah Federal currently expects that its transaction fees will
not exceed $200,000 but under certain circumstances may be as high as $250,000,
which would result in a downward adjustment to the Merger Consideration of up
to $0.35 per share. If the actual transaction fees are higher than $250,000
resulting in further downward adjustment to the Merger Consideration, Utah
Federal will resolicit its shareholders with respect to approval of the Merger
Agreement. The Merger Consideration may be subject to further adjustment in
other circumstances. See "THE MERGER -- General" and "THE MERGER AGREEMENT --
Expenses."
The per share value of Washington Mutual Common Stock for purposes of
determining the number of shares of Washington Mutual Common Stock to be
received in the Merger will be based upon the arithmetic average of the closing
prices of Washington Mutual Common Stock on The Nasdaq Stock Market for the ten
trading days immediately preceding the third trading day before the Effective
Date (the "Average Price"). The exchange ratio for determining the number of
shares of Washington Mutual Common Stock to be issued for each share of Utah
Federal Common Stock (the "Exchange Ratio") will be the Merger Consideration
divided by the Average Price.
No certificates for fractional shares of Washington Mutual Common Stock
will be issued as a result of the Merger. Instead, each Utah Federal Shareholder
otherwise entitled to a fractional share will receive cash in lieu of such
fractional share in an amount equal to the fraction multiplied by the Average
Price.
RECOMMENDATION OF THE UTAH FEDERAL BOARD; REASONS FOR THE MERGER. The
Utah Federal Board has carefully considered the terms of the Merger Agreement,
has approved it as being in the best interests of Utah Federal and the Utah
Federal Shareholders, and unanimously recommends that Utah Federal Shareholders
vote FOR the proposal to approve the Merger Agreement.
The recommendation of the Utah Federal Board is based upon a number of
factors, including the terms of the Merger Agreement, the benefits expected to
result from the combination of Utah Federal and WMBfsb, information concerning
the financial condition, results of operations and prospects of WMBfsb and Utah
Federal on a stand-alone and combined basis, the Utah Federal Board's view of
the relative merits of other opportunities presented to the Utah Federal Board
or that the Utah Federal Board believed would be available, including the
possibility of remaining independent, the ability of Utah Federal Shareholders
to convert their Utah Federal Common Stock into publicly traded shares of
Washington Mutual Common Stock and the fairness opinion of Columbia Financial
Advisors ("CFA") as financial advisor to Utah Federal. See "THE MERGER --
Background of and Reasons for the Merger" and "-- Opinion of Financial Advisor."
The Utah Federal Board believes that the Merger would provide Utah
Federal Shareholders with the opportunity to receive a premium over the price
per share of Utah Federal Common Stock at which individual trades have occurred
in the recent past and to participate as Washington Mutual shareholders, on a
tax-deferred basis, in the expanded opportunities made possible by the Merger.
The Utah Federal Board also believes that the Merger would result in a combined
entity that is capable of competing more effectively with larger financial
institutions that have exerted increasing competitive pressure on Utah Federal.
OPINION OF FINANCIAL ADVISOR. CFA has served as financial advisor to
the Utah Federal Board, and has delivered its written opinions, dated as of
February 21, 1996, July 1, 1996 and updated as of the date of this Proxy
Statement/Prospectus (the "CFA Opinion"), to the Utah Federal Board that the
Merger Consideration to be received by Utah Federal Shareholders pursuant to
the Merger Agreement is fair, from a financial point of view, to such holders.
Utah Federal has agreed to pay CFA a fee for its services. See "THE MERGER --
Opinion of Financial Advisor." The full text of the CFA Opinion, which sets
forth the assumptions made, matters considered and limits
8
<PAGE> 11
on its review, is attached hereto as Appendix B. Utah Federal Shareholders are
urged to read the CFA Opinion in its entirety.
INTERESTS OF CERTAIN PERSONS IN THE MERGER. Certain members of Utah
Federal's management and the Utah Federal Board may be deemed to have interests
in the Merger in addition to their interests as shareholders of Utah Federal
generally. These include, among other things, provisions in the Merger Agreement
relating to indemnification, severance payments, employee benefit plans, and
certain other benefits, including the agreement of Mr. Garrett to accept an
offer of employment with WMBfsb as a mortgage production manager and vice
president upon consummation of the Merger. See "THE MERGER -- Interests of
Certain Persons in the Merger" and "THE MERGER AGREEMENT -- Effect on Employee
Benefit Plans and Stock Plans."
AFFILIATE LETTERS. As of the Record Date, Utah Federal directors and
executive officers beneficially owned an aggregate of 137,919 shares of Utah
Federal Common Stock or approximately 97.13 percent of the shares of Utah
Federal Common Stock outstanding on such date. All of such Utah Federal
directors and executive officers have entered into letter agreements with
Washington Mutual and WMBfsb (the "Affiliate Letters") pursuant to which, among
other things, each such person agreed to vote all shares of Utah Federal Common
Stock held by them in favor of the Merger. Accordingly, holders of approximately
97.13 percent of the shares of Utah Federal Common Stock outstanding on the
Record Date have committed to voting in favor of the proposal to approve the
Merger Agreement. The Affiliate Letters are intended to preserve treatment of
the Merger as a pooling-of-interests for accounting purposes and to increase the
likelihood that the Merger will be consummated according to the terms set forth
in the Merger Agreement and may discourage competing offers to acquire Utah
Federal. See "THE MERGER -- Affiliate Letters."
REGULATORY APPROVALS. The Merger is subject to the prior approval of
the OTS, which approval was granted on July 18, 1996. See "THE MERGER --
Regulatory Approvals."
CERTAIN FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES. The Merger is intended to
qualify as a reorganization within the meaning of Section 368 of the Internal
Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"). Accordingly, for federal income
tax purposes, no gain or loss will be recognized by Utah Federal Shareholders
who receive Washington Mutual Common Stock in exchange for their Utah Federal
Common Stock. Cash received by Utah Federal Shareholders in the Merger will be
wholly or partially taxed. Consummation of the Merger is conditioned upon
receipt by Washington Mutual and Utah Federal of an opinion of counsel to
Washington Mutual to the effect that the Merger will constitute a reorganization
within the meaning of Section 368 of the Code. For a further discussion of the
federal income tax consequences of the Merger, see "THE MERGER -- Federal Income
Tax Consequences."
Because certain tax consequences of the Merger may vary depending upon
the particular circumstances of each Utah Federal Shareholder and other factors,
each holder of Utah Federal Common Stock is urged to consult such holder's own
tax advisor to determine the particular tax consequences to such holder of the
Merger (including the effect of state and local income and other tax laws).
ACCOUNTING TREATMENT. It is intended that the Merger will be accounted
for as a pooling-of-interests of Washington Mutual and Utah Federal under
generally accepted accounting principles. It is Washington Mutual's intention
not to restate financial statements and other financial information for periods
prior to the Merger to include the assets and liabilities and results of
operations of Utah Federal if the Merger is consummated because the transaction
will not be material to Washington Mutual. See "THE MERGER -- Accounting
Treatment" and "-- General."
DISSENTERS' RIGHTS. Pursuant to the provisions of regulations
promulgated by the OTS set forth at 12 C.F.R. Section 552.14 (the "Dissenter and
Appraisal Rights Regulation"), holders of the Utah Federal Common Stock entitled
to vote on approval of the Merger and the Merger Agreement have the right to
dissent from the Merger and, upon consummation of the Merger and the
satisfaction of certain specified procedures and conditions, to receive
9
<PAGE> 12
the fair value of such holders' shares of Utah Federal Common Stock in cash. SEE
"THE MERGER -- Dissenters' Rights" and the text of the Dissenter and Appraisal
Rights Regulation attached to this Proxy Statement/Prospectus as Appendix D.
THE MERGER AGREEMENT
EFFECTIVE DATE AND TIME OF THE MERGER. The Merger will become effective
at the time (the "Effective Time") of the occurrence of the endorsement of the
articles of combination by the OTS, or at such later time after such endorsement
as is specified by the OTS on the endorsement of articles of combination. See
"THE MERGER AGREEMENT -- Effective Date and Time of the Merger."
CONDITIONS TO THE MERGER. The respective obligations of Utah Federal
and Washington Mutual to consummate the Merger are subject to certain
conditions, including the receipt of regulatory approval, approval of the Merger
Agreement by the Utah Federal Shareholders, the receipt of a tax opinion and
certain other conditions customary in a transaction of this nature. See "THE
MERGER AGREEMENT -- Conditions to the Merger" and "THE MERGER -- Regulatory
Approvals."
BREAK-UP FEES. To compensate Utah Federal for certain costs incurred in
anticipation of the Merger and to induce Utah Federal to forego initiating
discussions with other potential acquirors, Washington Mutual has agreed to pay
to Utah Federal $200,000 if Washington Mutual terminates the Merger Agreement
under certain circumstances. To compensate Washington Mutual for certain costs
incurred in anticipation of the Merger and to induce it to forego initiating
discussions regarding other potential acquisitions, Utah Federal has agreed to
pay to Washington Mutual $200,000 if Utah Federal terminates the Merger
Agreement under certain circumstances. See "THE MERGER AGREEMENT -- Break-Up
Fees."
TERMINATION. The Merger Agreement may be terminated, and the Merger
abandoned, at any time before the Effective Time, either before or after its
approval by the Utah Federal Shareholders, by either party if, among other
reasons, the Merger has not become effective by December 31, 1996, unless the
failure of such occurrence is due to the failure of the party seeking
termination to perform its respective covenants and agreements under the Merger
Agreement. See "THE MERGER AGREEMENT -- Termination."
STOCK OPTION AGREEMENT. As a condition to Washington Mutual entering
into the Merger Agreement, Utah Federal and Washington Mutual also entered into
a stock option agreement (the "Stock Option Agreement"), pursuant to which Utah
Federal granted Washington Mutual an option (the "Option") to purchase up to
35,278 authorized and unissued shares of Utah Federal Common Stock (which if
issued would represent approximately 19.9 percent of the total issued and
outstanding shares of Utah Federal Common Stock) at an exercise price of
$75.61 per share, which was the per share book value of the Utah Federal
Common Stock as of December 31, 1995. The Option is exercisable only upon the
occurrence of certain events (none of which has occurred as of the date
hereof), including without limitation Utah Federal pursuing an acquisition
with an entity other than Washington Mutual. The Stock Option Agreement is
intended to increase the likelihood that the Merger will be consummated in
accordance with the terms of the Merger Agreement and may discourage offers by
other parties to acquire Utah Federal. A copy of the Stock Option Agreement is
attached to this Proxy Statement/Prospectus as Appendix C. See "THE MERGER
AGREEMENT -- Stock Option Agreement."
EXCHANGE OF STOCK CERTIFICATES. Promptly after consummation of the
Merger, an agreed-upon escrow agent (the "Exchange Agent") will mail
instructions to each Utah Federal Shareholder concerning the proper method of
surrendering certificates formerly representing Utah Federal Common Stock in
exchange for the Merger Consideration. UTAH FEDERAL SHAREHOLDERS SHOULD NOT SEND
STOCK CERTIFICATES AT THIS TIME. See "THE MERGER AGREEMENT -- Exchange of Stock
Certificates."
COMPARATIVE RIGHTS OF SHAREHOLDERS
Washington Mutual is a Washington corporation organized under the
Washington Business Corporations Act, RCW Chapter 23B ("WBCA"). Utah Federal is
a federal savings bank operating under OTS regulations. The
10
<PAGE> 13
rights of Utah Federal Shareholders are governed by federal law, OTS regulations
and Utah Federal's Stock Charter and Bylaws. As a federally chartered
institution, Utah Federal is not generally regulated or supervised by the state
of Utah. Upon consummation of the Merger, Utah Federal Shareholders will become
shareholders of Washington Mutual and their rights as shareholders of Washington
Mutual will be governed by the WBCA and the Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws
of Washington Mutual. Certain differences arise from this change of governing
law, as well as the distinctions between Utah Federal's Stock Charter and Bylaws
and the Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws of Washington Mutual. Among other
things, Washington Mutual's Articles of Incorporation include provisions that
generally prohibit certain business combinations with shareholders owning five
percent or more of the voting stock of Washington Mutual except under specified
circumstances. In addition, Washington Mutual has adopted a shareholders' rights
plan that under certain circumstances allows holders of such rights to purchase
an additional share of Washington Mutual Common Stock for each right held. For a
summary of certain differences between the rights of holders of Washington
Mutual Common Stock and holders of Utah Federal Common Stock and an explanation
of certain possible anti-takeover effects of certain provisions in Washington
Mutual's Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws, see "COMPARATIVE RIGHTS OF
SHAREHOLDERS" and "CERTAIN DIFFERENCES BETWEEN WASHINGTON CORPORATE LAW AND OTS
REGULATIONS."
MANAGEMENT AND OPERATIONS OF WASHINGTON MUTUAL AND WMBFSB AFTER THE MERGER
Following the Merger, it is expected that the Washington Mutual Board
of Directors (the "Washington Mutual Board") will not change and will continue
as constituted immediately prior to the Merger. From time to time prior to
consummation of the Merger, decisions may be made with respect to the management
and operations of Washington Mutual after the Merger. See "INFORMATION
CONCERNING WASHINGTON MUTUAL" and "MANAGEMENT OF WASHINGTON MUTUAL."
Upon consummation of the Keystone Transaction, two representatives
mutually agreeable to Robert M. Bass, one of the principal Investors in KHP
("Mr. Bass"), and Washington Mutual will be appointed to fill then-vacant seats
in two different classes of the Washington Mutual Board. Pursuant to the
Keystone Merger Agreement, Washington Mutual has agreed to renominate such
mutually agreeable representatives if Mr. Bass and certain of his affiliates
beneficially own a specified number of shares of Washington Mutual Common Stock.
See "APPENDIX F - THE KEYSTONE TRANSACTION - MANAGEMENT AND OPERATIONS OF
WASHINGTON MUTUAL FOLLOWING THE KEYSTONE TRANSACTION - Board of Directors."
The Merger Agreement provides for the merger of Utah Federal with and
into WMBfsb, with WMBfsb as the surviving entity. The separate existence of Utah
Federal will cease upon completion of the Merger. The Articles of Incorporation
and Bylaws of WMBfsb will be the Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws of the
surviving entity after the completion of the Merger and the WMBfsb Board of
Directors will be the Board of Directors of the surviving entity after the
completion of the Merger.
RESALES OF WASHINGTON MUTUAL COMMON STOCK
The shares of Washington Mutual Common Stock to be issued to Utah
Federal Shareholders in connection with the Merger have been registered under
the Securities Act. All Washington Mutual Common Stock received by holders of
Utah Federal Common Stock upon consummation of the Merger will be freely
transferable by those shareholders of Utah Federal not deemed to be "affiliates"
of Utah Federal. "Affiliates" are generally defined as persons who control, are
controlled by, or are under common control with Utah Federal at the time of the
Special Meeting (generally, executive officers, directors and certain beneficial
owners). See "THE MERGER -- Resales of Washington Mutual Common Stock by Utah
Federal Shareholders" for a discussion of the limitations on transfer of
Washington Mutual Common Stock held by affiliates of Utah Federal.
THE KEYSTONE TRANSACTION
Subject to the terms and conditions of the Keystone Merger Agreement,
on the effective date of such merger (the "Keystone Merger"), Keystone Holdings
will merge with and into Washington Mutual, with Washington Mutual as the
surviving corporation. The separate existence of Keystone Holdings will cease
upon the effectiveness of the Keystone Merger and the direct and indirect
subsidiaries of Keystone Holdings, including ASB, will become wholly-owned
subsidiaries of Washington Mutual. Additionally, and as a condition to the
consummation of the Keystone Merger, the FDIC, as manager of the Federal Savings
and Loan Insurance Corporation ("FSLIC") Resolution Fund (the "FRF") (the FDIC
in its capacity as manager of the FRF is referred to herein as the
"FDIC-Manager"), has agreed, pursuant to the Warrant Exchange Agreement, dated
as of July 21, 1996 by and among the parties to the Keystone Merger Agreement
and the FDIC-Manager (the "Warrant Exchange Agreement"), to effect the exchange
of the Warrants for shares of Washington Mutual Common Stock to be issued in the
Keystone Transaction (the "Warrant Exchange"). See "THE MERGER - Risk Factors
Related to the Keystone Transaction and Keystone Holdings" and "APPENDIX F:
INFORMATION CONCERNING THE KEYSTONE TRANSACTION AND KEYSTONE HOLDINGS."
In the Keystone Transaction, Washington Mutual will issue 47,883,333
shares of Washington Mutual Common Stock, as follows: 25,883,333 shares to KHP
(the "Keystone Initial Shares"), 14,000,000 shares to the FRF to effect the
Warrant Exchange (the "FRF Initial Shares") and 8,000,000 shares (the
"Litigation Escrow Shares") to a litigation escrow for the benefit of KHP and
the FRF (the "Litigation Escrow"). The Keystone Initial Shares and the FRF
Initial Shares are referred to collectively as the "Initial Shares." The
Keystone Initial Shares and the contingent right to receive the portion of the
Litigation Escrow Shares attributable to KHP will be distributed to the
Investors immediately following consummation of the Keystone Transaction, based
upon their pro rata interest in KHP. After the Keystone Transaction and assuming
all of the Litigation Escrow Shares are released, the Investors will own
approximately 31,100,000 shares of Washington Mutual Common Stock, or
approximately 25.9% of the Washington Mutual Common Stock then outstanding
(based on the number of shares outstanding on the record date for the special
meeting plus the Initial Shares and Litigation Escrow Shares). In addition, to
the extent that the FRF Initial Shares are not sold in an underwriting as soon
as practicable after the effective date of the Keystone Transaction, the FRF
will own approximately 14.0% of the Washington Mutual Common Stock then
outstanding (based on the number of shares outstanding on such record date plus
the Initial Shares and the Litigation Escrow Shares).
KHP, Keystone Holdings and certain of its subsidiaries are plaintiffs
in a lawsuit against the United States (the "Case"), alleging, among other
things, that they entered into a contract with the FSLIC and the Federal Home
Loan Bank Board ("FHLBB"), and that the U.S. government breached that contract,
causing damage to the plaintiffs. See "APPENDIX F - THE KEYSTONE TRANSACTION -
The Litigation Escrow." Pursuant to the Keystone Merger Agreement, upon
consummation of the Keystone Transaction, Washington Mutual will succeed to the
right to prosecute the Case and will receive any recovery in the Case. Prior to
the effective date of the Keystone Transaction, Washington Mutual, KHP, the
FDIC-Manager and a mutually agreeable escrow agent for the Litigation Escrow
Shares ("Escrow Agent") will enter into an escrow agreement (the "Escrow
Agreement"). Pursuant to the terms of the Escrow Agreement, the Escrow Agent
will hold the Litigation Escrow Shares for six years, subject to extension in
certain circumstances. See "APPENDIX F - THE KEYSTONE TRANSACTION - The
Litigation Escrow."
Upon Washington Mutual's receipt of net cash proceeds from a judgment
or settlement of the Case, if any, reduced by certain tax and
litigation-related costs and expenses ("Case Proceeds"), all or part of the
Litigation Escrow Shares will be released, 64.9% to the Investors and 35.1% to
the FRF. The number of Litigation Escrow Shares released will be equal to the
Case Proceeds divided by the "Case Average Price." The "Case Average Price"
means the arithmetic average of the closing prices of Washington Mutual Common
Stock on The Nasdaq Stock Market for the 10 trading days immediately preceding
the third trading day before the effective date of the Keystone Transaction.
While Litigation Escrow Shares are held in the Litigation Escrow, the
FDIC-Manager and the Investors will have the right to vote their respective
percentage of the Litigation Escrow Shares. If not all of the Litigation Escrow
Shares are distributed prior to the expiration of the Litigation Escrow, any
remaining Litigation Escrow Shares will be returned to Washington Mutual for
cancellation. See "APPENDIX F - THE KEYSTONE TRANSACTION - The Litigation
Escrow."
The ultimate outcome of the Case is uncertain, and there can be no
assurance that any recovery in the Case will result in Case Proceeds that exceed
the value of the Litigation Escrow Shares plus costs and expenses. Generally,
Washington Mutual will not benefit financially from the Case unless Case
Proceeds exceed such an amount and, in negotiating the Keystone Transaction,
Washington Mutual ascribed no value to the possibility that the Case Proceeds
would exceed such amount. As a result, it is uncertain what impact, if any,
recovery in the Case would have on the financial position of Washington Mutual.
In the Keystone Transaction, Washington Mutual, KHP and the
FDIC-Manager have entered into the Registration Rights Agreement dated as of
July 21, 1996 (the "Registration Rights Agreement"), pursuant to which
Washington Mutual will be required, if the Keystone Transaction closes, to use
its best efforts to register for resale to the public under the Securities Act
the shares of Washington Mutual Common Stock issued in the Keystone Transaction.
Pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement, Washington Mutual has agreed to
file and use its best efforts to cause to become effective with the Commission
as soon as practicable after the effective date of the Keystone Transaction, on
a date mutually acceptable to Washington Mutual and the participants in such
underwriting, a registration statement covering the sale of between 7.5 million
and 20 million shares of Washington Mutual Common Stock (the "Initial
Underwriting"). It is currently expected that the FDIC-Manager will sell the FRF
Initial Shares in the Initial Underwriting, although there are no assurances
that the FDIC-Manager will sell all or any of such shares. See "APPENDIX F - THE
KEYSTONE TRANSACTION - Registration Rights and Resales of Washington Mutual
Common Stock."
11
<PAGE> 14
MARKET PRICES AND DIVIDENDS
Washington Mutual Common Stock is traded on the National Market tier of
The Nasdaq Stock Market under the symbol "WAMU." The table below sets forth, for
the calendar quarters indicated, the reported high and low sales prices of
Washington Mutual Common Stock as reported on The Nasdaq Stock Market, based on
published financial sources, and the dividends declared on such stock. See
"INFORMATION CONCERNING WASHINGTON MUTUAL" and "MARKET FOR WASHINGTON MUTUAL
COMMON STOCK AND RELATED SECURITY HOLDER MATTERS."
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
WASHINGTON MUTUAL
COMMON STOCK
-----------------------------------------
High Low Dividends
---- --- ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
1994 First Quarter................... $25.00 $19.13 $0.16
Second Quarter.................. 21.50 18.25 0.17
Third Quarter................... 21.63 19.63 0.18
Fourth Quarter.................. 20.63 15.75 0.19
1995 First Quarter................... 20.75 16.63 0.19
Second Quarter ................. 24.75 20.00 0.19
Third Quarter .................. 26.75 22.50 0.19
Fourth Quarter.................. 29.50 24.75 0.20
1996 First Quarter .................. 32.25 27.63 0.21
Second Quarter ................. 30.38 26.13 0.22
Third Quarter .................. 39.25 28.50 0.23
Fourth Quarter (through
October 31, 1996 ............. 43.75 36.50 0.29
</TABLE>
On September 23, 1992, Utah Federal converted from a federally
chartered mutual association to a federally chartered stock association through
the issuance of 38,000 shares of preferred stock and 100,000 shares of Utah
Federal Common Stock at the price of $21.00 per share. Since that date, there
has been no established trading market for Utah Federal Common Stock and it has
been subject to only limited trading. Utah Federal Common Stock is not listed or
quoted on any exchange or automated quotation system and no institution makes a
market in the stock. On May 1, 1993, Utah Federal issued 1,000 shares of Utah
Federal Common Stock upon the exercise of stock options at an exercise price of
$21.00 per share. In March 1995, Utah Federal repurchased 1,000 shares of Utah
Federal Common Stock from the former Executive Vice President of Utah Federal at
a price of $40.00 per share and resold all of such shares in November 1995 to
Mr. Miller and Val J. Petersen, the treasurer and controller of Utah Federal, at
a sale price of $40.00 per share. In addition, Utah Federal is aware of twelve
other transactions that occurred between April 13, 1994 and November 30, 1995
which included sales by Mr. Miller to certain executive officers of Utah Federal
and purchases by Mr. Miller of Utah Federal Common Stock from various other
shareholders. Utah Federal believes that all of such transactions were effected
at a sales price of $40.00 per share. On July 10, 1996, Utah Federal issued
3,000 shares of Utah Federal Common Stock upon exercise of outstanding stock
options at an exercise price of $21.00 per share. To the best knowledge of Utah
Federal's management, other than as described above, there have been no other
transactions in Utah Federal Common Stock since September 1992. The above prices
are based upon the best knowledge of Utah Federal's management and are not
necessarily indicative of the fair market value of the stock at the time of the
trade and may not reflect all trades or the prices of those trades. In January
1994, January 1995 and January 1996, Utah Federal paid dividends of $0.60, $0.60
and $0.80 per share, respectively, on the Utah Federal Common Stock. In
addition, in each quarter for each of the past two fiscal years, Utah Federal
paid a seven percent dividend (approximately $14,000 per quarter) on its
preferred stock. In February 1996, all outstanding shares of preferred stock of
Utah Federal were converted on a one-for-one basis into shares of Utah Federal
Common Stock.
The following table sets forth (i) the last reported sale price per
share of Washington Mutual Common Stock on February 28, 1996, the last full
trading day before the execution and delivery of the Merger Agreement and the
public announcement thereof, and on October 31, 1996, the most recent date for
which it was practicable to obtain market price data prior to the mailing of
this Proxy Statement/Prospectus, (ii) the sales price per share of Utah
Federal Common Stock on the last transaction reported on Utah Federal's stock
transfer books prior to February 28, 1996, and prior to October 31, 1996,
(iii) the hypothetical Average Price of Washington Mutual Common Stock
computed as if the Effective Date were each of such dates and (iv) the value
of Merger Consideration received for a share of Utah Federal Common Stock,
without making any adjustments to the Merger Consideration.
12
<PAGE> 15
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Hypothetical
WASHINGTON Utah Average Price of
MUTUAL Federal Washington
COMMON Common Mutual Merger
STOCK Stock Common Stock Consideration
----- ----- ------------ -------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Market Value Per Share at:
February 28, 1996 $30.75 $40.00 $31.35 $107.04
October 31, 1996 $42.25 $40.00 $39.03 $107.04
</TABLE>
No assurance can be given as to what the Average Price will be or as to
what the market price of Washington Mutual Common Stock will be at the time the
Merger is consummated. Utah Federal Shareholders are encouraged to obtain
current market quotations for shares of Washington Mutual Common Stock. In
addition, Utah Federal currently anticipates that, pursuant to the Merger
Agreement, the Merger Consideration may be decreased by up to $0.35 per share if
Utah Federal's transaction fees incurred in connection with the Merger exceed
$200,000. If the actual transaction fees are higher than currently anticipated
resulting in further downward adjustment to the Merger Consideration, Utah
Federal will resolicit its shareholders with respect to approval of the Merger
Agreement. The downward adjustment could be greater if Utah Federal's
transaction fees are higher than currently anticipated. See "THE MERGER --
General" and "THE MERGER AGREEMENT -- Expenses."
On October 31, 1996, there were approximately 15,900 shareholders of
record of Washington Mutual Common Stock and the last reported sales price per
share on such date was $42.25. As of the Record Date, there were
approximately 47 shareholders of record of Utah Federal Common Stock. See
"COMPARATIVE RIGHTS OF SHAREHOLDERS -- Authorized Capital."
13
<PAGE> 16
SELECTED HISTORICAL FINANCIAL DATA
Summary Consolidated Financial Data of Washington Mutual
The following table presents certain summary historical consolidated
financial data for Washington Mutual. This table is based upon and should be
read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements of Washington
Mutual and the notes thereto (as restated), which are included herein in
Appendix G. See "AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AS OF DECEMBER 31, 1995 RESTATED
TO GIVE CONSIDERATION TO WASHINGTON MUTUAL'S MERGER TRANSACTION WITH WESTERN
BANK." Additionally, all per common share information has been adjusted for two
50 percent stock dividends paid on February 14, 1992, and August 13, 1993, each
of which had the effect of a three-for-two stock split. Because of the
significant increase in Washington Mutual's size as a result of the acquisition
of Pacific First Bank (which was accounted for by the purchase method) early in
1993, the financial results for the years ended and as of December 31, 1993,
1994, and 1995, are not generally comparable to prior periods or dates. The
information as of June 30, 1996 and for the six month periods ended June 30,
1995 and 1996 is unaudited and reflects all adjustments that are, in the opinion
of Washington Mutual management, necessary for a fair statement of the results
for the periods presented and is not necessarily indicative of the operating
results for the entire year, and is not necessarily indicative of the operating
results for the entire year.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
For the Six Months
Ended June 30, For the Year Ended December 31,
------------------ ---------------------------------------------------------
1996 1995 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----
SUMMARIZED STATEMENTS OF INCOME: (dollars in thousands, except for per share amounts)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Interest income .................. $ 834,171 $ 757,463 $1,578,960 $1,258,550 $1,081,309 $ 813,893 $ 777,812
Interest Expense ................. 485,032 458,959 960,724 651,871 520,750 456,876 520,021
Net interest income .............. 349,139 298,504 618,236 606,679 560,559 357,017 257,791
Provision for loan losses ........ 5,825 5,650 11,150 20,400 35,225 14,887 22,407
Other income ..................... 73,514 58,409 117,874 118,502 152,575 97,748 101,317
Other expense .................... 224,779 209,413 417,655 415,300 394,874 253,024 204,130
Income taxes ..................... 71,161 48,827 107,504 108,159 98,864 64,459 45,920
Extraordinary items, net of FIT
effect(1) ...................... -- -- -- -- (8,953) (4,638) --
Cumulative effect of change in tax
accounting method .............. -- -- -- -- 13,365 -- --
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net income ....................... $ 120,888 $ 93,023 $ 199,801 $ 181,322 $ 188,583 $ 117,757 $ 86,651
======================================================================================
Net income attributable to common
stock .......................... $ 111,678 $ 83,731 $ 181,217 $ 162,738 $ 175,025 $ 112,882 $ 81,776
======================================================================================
Net income per share:
Primary ........................ $1.55 $1.22 $2.59 $2.45 $2.70 $1.95 $1.61
Fully diluted .................. 1.50 1.18 2.51 2.38 2.57 1.85 1.52
Average number of shares:
Primary ........................ 71,982,173 68,784,703 70,061,144 66,361,794 64,808,073 57,823,509 50,662,063
Fully diluted .................. 77,401,033 74,203,950 75,480,391 71,781,041 70,870,441 63,612,956 56,952,721
Dividends declared and paid:
Common ......................... $31,002 $25,229 $52,410 $45,335 $30,936 $21,231 $13,979
Preferred ...................... 9,210 9,292 18,584 18,584 13,559 4,875 4,875
</TABLE>
- ------------------
(1) Extraordinary items include the call of subordinated capital notes,
resulting in pretax losses of $2.2 million and $3.1 million during 1993 and
1992, respectively, and penalties for prepayment of FHLB advances, resulting
in pretax losses of $10.8 million and $3.6 million during 1993 and 1992,
respectively.
15
<PAGE> 17
OTHER FINANCIAL DATA:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
As of June 30, As of December 31,
---------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------
1996 1995 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991
----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
(dollars in thousands)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
SUMMARIZED STATEMENTS
OF FINANCIAL POSITION:
Total assets ........................ $22,323,472 $21,042,692 $22,420,379 $19,175,991 $16,513,432 $10,531,744 $ 8,529,135
Loans ............................... 13,800,209 13,209,882 13,035,250 12,845,203 11,267,713 7,035,586 5,526,541
Trading, investment and
mortgage-backed securities ........ 7,405,545 6,714,713 7,941,139 5,348,565 4,210,173 2,810,983 2,368,001
Deposits ............................ 11,026,719 10,826,482 11,306,436 10,432,888 9,976,961 6,624,584 5,910,396
Borrowings (includes annuities) ..... 9,468,550 8,417,216 9,186,975 7,212,037 5,050,645 2,735,696 1,806,986
Stockholders' equity ................ 1,647,073 1,520,379 1,660,084 1,364,258 1,252,888 1,045,289 694,134
</TABLE>
OTHER FINANCIAL DATA:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
For the Six Months
Ended June 30, For the Year Ended December 31,
------------------ ---------------------------------------------------------
1996 1995 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Yield on earning assets ............. 7.88% 8.00% 8.03% 7.58% 8.00% 9.20% 10.06%
Cost of deposits and borrowings ..... 4.78 5.09 5.06 4.10 4.00 5.41 6.97
Net interest spread ................. 3.10 2.91 2.97 3.48 4.00 3.79 3.09
Net interest margin ................. 3.31 3.12 3.14 3.65 4.15 4.04 3.34
Operating efficiency ratio .......... 53.18 58.67 56.74 57.27 55.37 55.64 56.84
Return on average assets ............ 1.09 0.94 0.97 1.03 1.31 1.24 1.05
Return on average stockholders'
equity ............................. 14.73 13.21 13.31 13.77 16.89 15.26 14.33
Dividend payout ratio ............... 25.65 26.74 25.74 24.50 15.98 15.43 13.06
Ratios of combined earnings to
fixed charges:
Excluding interest on deposits .... 1.78x 1.64x 1.66x 2.03x 2.70x 2.41x 1.86x
Including interest on deposits .... 1.40x 1.31x 1.32x 1.44x 1.54x 1.41x 1.25x
<CAPTION>
As of June 30, As of December 31,
------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------
1996 1995 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991
------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ----- ----
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Nonperforming assets as a
percentage of total assets ........ 0.46% 0.40% 0.42% 0.42% 0.68% 1.27% 1.58%
Loan loss reserves/total loans ...... 1.05 1.06 1.10 1.03 1.06 0.83 1.01
Loan loss reserves/nonperforming
assets ............................ 139.75 167.09 151.23 164.08 105.89 43.46 41.39
</TABLE>
16
<PAGE> 18
SUMMARY CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA OF KEYSTONE HOLDINGS
The following table sets forth certain summary historical consolidated
financial data of Keystone Holdings and is based upon and should be read in
conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements of Keystone Holdings,
including the respective notes thereto as set forth in Appendix F hereto, and
the other information in this Proxy Statement/Prospectus regarding Keystone
Holdings. The information as of June 30, 1996 and for the six-month periods
ended June 30, 1995 and 1996 is unaudited and reflects all adjustments that are,
in the opinion of Keystone Holdings' management, necessary for a fair statement
of results for the periods presented and is not necessarily indicative of the
operating results for the entire year. See "APPENDIX F: INFORMATION CONCERNING
THE KEYSTONE TRANSACTION AND KEYSTONE HOLDINGS."
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
For the Six-Month
Period Ended June 30, For the Year Ended December 31,
--------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------
1996 1995 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991
-------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- --------
OPERATING DATA: (dollars in thousands)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Interest income ................. $706,720 $636,301 $1,337,126 $1,036,863 $1,117,269 $1,357,076 $1,629,827
Interest expense ................ 469,096 470,602 962,712 683,487 691,146 845,613 1,125,609
Net interest income ............. 237,624 165,699 374,414 353,376 426,123 511,463 504,218
Provision for losses on loans ... 35,180 34,533 63,837 101,609 123,503 143,650 63,400
Other income .................... 34,624 39,757 72,433 88,902 81,050 66,552 74,489
Other expenses .................. 134,870 136,130 264,827 266,827 279,694 298,599 312,218
Federal and state income taxes .. 27,685 (5,439) 12,289 897 11,245 31,983 85,221
Cumulative effect of change in
accounting principal .......... -- -- -- -- -- 60,045 --
Minority interest in earnings of
consolidated subsidiaries ..... (20,896) (14,708) (21,092) (22,621) (10,474) (883) (874)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net earnings $ 53,617 $ 25,524 $ 84,802 $ 50,324 $ 82,257 $ 162,945 $ 116,994
=========================================================================================
Common dividends declared $ 60,000 $ 5,500 $ 5,587 $ 22,500 $ 18,000 $ 97,300 $ 49,000
Common dividends paid ........... 35,000 5,500 5,587 32,500 29,000 76,300 49,000
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
As of June 30, As of December 31,
------------------------ ----------------------------------------------------------------
1996 1995 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991
----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
(dollars in thousands)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
SUMMARIZED BALANCE SHEET
DATA:
Total assets ................ $20,480,706 $19,213,564 $19,703,656 $18,402,403 $17,214,076 $17,262,741 $17,001,906
Loans ....................... 12,854,633 14,339,180 11,175,031 12,643,590 9,808,060 9,601,942 8,364,912
Trading, investment and
mortgage-backed securities. 6,720,966 3,159,220 7,394,103 3,373,497 3,194,395 1,940,993 1,711,163
Deposits .................... 12,728,966 13,303,300 13,005,029 12,815,489 13,367,640 13,988,968 13,973,699
Borrowings .................. 6,494,532 4,934,988 5,391,857 4,733,678 2,880,979 2,377,784 2,263,486
Stockholder's equity ........ 550,398 593,810 668,559 534,124 578,235 497,438 444,946
</TABLE>
<PAGE> 19
OTHER FINANCIAL DATA(1):
The following tables set forth certain other financial data of Keystone Holdings
for the periods indicated:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
For the Six Months
Ended June 30, For the Year Ended December 31,
------------------ ------------------------------------------------------
1996 1995 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Yield on earning assets ........... 7.45% 6.91% 7.23% 6.22% 6.73% 8.00% 9.86%
Cost of deposits and borrowings ... 5.05 5.17 5.28 4.18 4.26 5.10 6.96
Net interest spread ............... 2.40 1.74 1.95 2.04 2.47 2.90 2.91
Net interest margin ............... 2.51 1.80 2.02 2.12 2.57 3.01 3.05
Operating efficiency ratio ........ 49.54 66.26 59.27 60.33 55.15 51.66 53.95
Return on average assets .......... 0.54 0.27 0.44 0.29 0.48 0.92 0.68
Return on average equity .......... 17.09 9.17 15.15 9.04 15.30 32.37 26.35
Dividend payout ratio ............. 111.90 21.55 6.59 44.71 21.88 59.71 41.88
Equity to assets ratio ............ 3.16 2.90 2.90 3.21 3.12 2.85 2.58
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
As of June 30, As of December 31,
----------------- ------------------------------------------------------
1996 1995 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Nonperforming assets as a percentage
of total assets ...................... 1.07% 1.55% 1.24% 1.84% 2.38% 2.48% 1.73%
Allowance for credit losses/gross
receivables and recourse obligations.. 0.48 0.67 0.55 0.80 1.10 1.08 0.75
Allowance for credit losses/nonaccrual
receivables and recourse obligations.. 61.48 58.88 61.17 51.30 48.55 42.88 30.36
</TABLE>
<PAGE> 20
SUMMARY CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA OF UTAH FEDERAL
The following table sets forth certain condensed historical financial
data of Utah Federal and is based upon and should be read in conjunction with
the Consolidated Financial Statements of Utah Federal, including the respective
notes thereto, and the information herein regarding Utah Federal's recent
performance. The information as of June 30, 1996 and for the nine-month
periods ended June 30, 1995 and 1996 is unaudited and reflects all adjustments
that are, in the opinion of Utah Federal management, necessary for a fair
statement of results for the periods presented and is not necessarily
indicative of the operating results for the entire year. See "INFORMATION
CONCERNING UTAH FEDERAL" and "APPENDIX E: FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF UTAH
FEDERAL BANK."
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
For the Nine Months
Ended June 30, For the Year Ended September 30,
-------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------
1996 1995 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991
-------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------
(in thousands, except for share amounts)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS:
Interest income ............... $ 8,203 $ 7,120 $ 10,002 $ 8,672 $ 10,055 $ 11,240 $ 12,760
Interest expense .............. 4,200 3,709 5,110 4,896 5,685 7,424 9,693
-------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- --------
Net interest income ........... 4,003 3,411 4,892 3,776 4,370 3,816 3,066
Provision for losses on
loans ....................... -- -- -- -- -- 361 927
Net interest income after
provision for loan losses ... 4,003 3,411 4,892 3,776 4,370 3,455 2,139
Other income .................. 829 780 917 1,103 1,060 962 778
Other expenses ................ 2,966 3,043 4,066 3,576 3,475 3,413 3,147
Provision for losses on REO ... -- -- -- -- 127 569 1,128
-------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- --------
Income before
federal income taxes ........ 1,866 1,148 1,743 1,302 1,828 435 (1,358)
Federal income taxes .......... 556 428 373 167 762 348 (97)
-------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- --------
Net income .................... $ 1,310 $ 720 $ 1,370 $ 1,135 $ 1,066 $ 87 $ (1,261)
======== ======== ======== ======== ======== ======== ========
Cash dividends declared,
including preferred ......... $ 95 $ 102 $ 116 $ 116 $ 56 $ 1 $ --
PER SHARE DATA:
Net income per common share:
Primary ..................... $ 12.97 $ 7.20 $ 13.56 $ 11.35 $ 10.66 $ 0.97 $ --
Fully diluted ............... 9.42 5.22 9.86 8.22 7.72 0.70 --
Cash dividends declared
per common share (1) ........ 0.68 0.74 0.83 0.84 0.41 -- --
Book value per
common share (2) ............ 81.99 69.17 73.24 64.54 57.26 49.85 --
Average common shares
and common stock
equivalents outstanding (2).. 139,000 138,000 139,000 138,000 138,000 138,000 --
</TABLE>
- --------------
(1) Includes dividends paid on outstanding shares of preferred stock of Utah
Federal, which shares of preferred stock were converted on a one-for-one
basis into shares of Utah Federal Common Stock in February 1995.
(2) Includes outstanding shares of preferred stock of Utah Federal converted
on a one-for-one basis into shares of Utah Federal Common Stock in
February 1996.
17
<PAGE> 21
STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION DATA:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
As of June 30, As of September 30,
------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------
1996 1995 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991
------- ------- -------- -------- -------- -------- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Assets ............................. 122,332 119,178 $123,935 $119,464 $127,392 $126,593 $132,565
Loans receivable, net .............. 83,811 78,545 86,769 68,515 75,753 94,420 104,651
Investment securities .............. 17,731 26,126 24,229 29,660 21,706 7,594 10,088
Cash and interest bearing funds .... 12,308 6,291 5,301 14,904 23,167 15,835 5,288
Total deposits ..................... 108,232 106,763 108,990 106,765 112,609 111,224 114,976
Borrowings ......................... 27 30 2,389 1,100 3,183 5,322 9,894
Shareholders' equity ............... 11,396 9,545 10,180 8,906 7,902 6,879 4,137
</TABLE>
OTHER FINANCIAL DATA:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
For the Nine Months
Ended June 30, For the Year Ended September 30,
------------------ ------------------------------------------------------
1996 1995 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991
------ ------ ----- ----- ----- ----- ------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Yield on earning assets ............ 8.52 7.88 8.03% 7.03% 8.36% 9.19% 9.95%
Cost of deposits and borrowings .... 5.15 4.60 4.71 4.43 5.00 6.17 7.48
Net interest spread ................ 3.37 3.28 3.32 2.60 3.36 3.02 2.47
Return on average assets ........... 1.42 0.80 1.13 0.92 0.84 0.07 (0.95)
Return on average stockholders'
equity ........................... 16.19 10.40 14.35 13.50 14.42 1.59 (26.45)
<CAPTION>
As of June 30, As of September 30,
------------------ -------------------------------------------------------
1996 1995 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991
------ ------ ------ ----- ----- ----- -----
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Nonperforming assets as a percentage
of total assets ................. 0.56% 0.90% 0.69% 1.86% 2.52% 3.82% 8.18%
Loan loss reserve to total loans ... 1.92 2.06 1.95 2.38 2.24 1.59 1.38
Loan loss reserve to nonperforming
assets ............................. 224.52 155.36 193.71 75.37 52.35 31.51 13.46
Total risk-based capital ratio ..... 17.07 16.16 16.35 17.19 14.06 10.66 5.96
</TABLE>
18
<PAGE> 22
SUMMARY HISTORICAL AND PRO FORMA COMBINED FINANCIAL DATA FOR WASHINGTON MUTUAL
AND KEYSTONE HOLDINGS
The following tables set forth (i) consolidated historical summary financial
data for the periods and as of the dates indicated for Washington Mutual and for
Keystone Holdings and (ii) summary pro forma combined financial data for the
periods and as of the dates indicated, giving effect to the Keystone Transaction
as if it had been consummated on January 1, 1993, for income statement
information and on June 30, 1996, for balance sheet information. Pro forma
adjustments made to arrive at the pro forma combined amounts are based on the
pooling of interests method of accounting. The financial data for Utah Federal
and United Western, a recently announced acquisition of Washington Mutual (see
"INFORMATION CONCERNING WASHINGTON MUTUAL - Washington Mutual"), have not been
included because they are not material to Washington Mutual.
The following information should be read in conjunction with and is
qualified in its entirety by the consolidated financial statements and
accompanying notes of Washington Mutual included in this Proxy
Statement/Prospectus in "AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AS OF DECEMBER 31, 1995
RESTATED TO GIVE CONSIDERATION TO WASHINGTON MUTUAL'S MERGER TRANSACTION WITH
WESTERN BANK," the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes of
Keystone Holdings included in this Proxy Statement/Prospectus in "APPENDIX F -
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS - CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF KEYSTONE HOLDINGS" and
"- UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF KEYSTONE HOLDINGS AS
OF JUNE 30, 1996," and the pro forma combined financial statements and
accompanying discussion and notes set forth under "APPENDIX F - THE KEYSTONE
TRANSACTION - COMBINED UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION." The
Summary Historical and Pro Forma Combined Financial Data is intended for
informational purposes only and is not necessarily indicative of the future
financial position or future results of operations of the combined company or of
the financial position or the results of operations of the combined company that
would have actually occurred had the Keystone Transaction been in effect as of
the date or for the periods presented.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Six Months Ended
June 30, Year ended December 31,
---------------------- -----------------------------------
1996 1995 1995 1994 1993
--------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
(in thousands)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
WASHINGTON MUTUAL:
Net interest income ....................... $ 349,139 $ 298,504 $ 618,236 $ 606,679 $ 560,559
Provision for loan losses ................. 5,825 5,650 11,150 20,400 35,225
Other income (expense), net ............... (151,265) (151,004) (299,781) (296,798) (242,299)
Federal income taxes ...................... 71,161 48,827 107,504 108,159 98,864
-------------------------------------------------------------
Net income from continuing operations ..... 120,888 93,023 199,801 181,322 184,171
Extraordinary items, net of federal
income taxes ............................ -- -- -- -- (8,953)
Cumulative effect in change of
tax method .............................. -- -- -- -- 13,365
-------------------------------------------------------------
Net income ................................ $ 120,888 $ 93,023 $ 199,801 $ 181,322 $ 188,583
=============================================================
Net income attributable to
common stock ............................ $ 111,678 $ 83,731 $ 181,217 $ 162,738 $ 175,025
=============================================================
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS:
Net interest income ....................... $ 237,624 $ 165,699 $ 374,414 $ 353,376 $ 426,123
Provision for loan losses ................. 35,180 34,533 63,837 101,609 123,503
Other income (expense), net ............... (100,246) (96,373) (192,394) (177,925) (198,644)
Federal and state income taxes ............ 27,685 (5,439) 12,289 897 11,245
-------------------------------------------------------------
Earnings from continuing operations ....... 74,513 40,232 105,894 72,945 92,731
Minority interest in earnings of
consolidated subsidiaries ............... (20,896) (14,708) (21,092) (22,621) (10,474)
-------------------------------------------------------------
Net earnings .............................. $ 53,617 $ 25,524 $ 84,802 $ 50,324 $ 82,257
=============================================================
Net earnings attributable to common stock.. $ 53,617 $ 25,524 $ 84,802 $ 50,324 $ 82,257
=============================================================
</TABLE>
<PAGE> 23
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Six Months Ended
June 30, Year ended December 31,
---------------------- -----------------------------------
1996 1995 1995 1994 1993
--------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
(in thousands)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
PRO FORMA INCLUDING KEYSTONE HOLDINGS:(1)
Net interest income........................ $ 586,763 $ 464,203 $ 992,650 $ 960,055 $ 986,682
Provision for loan losses.................. 41,005 40,183 74,987 122,009 158,728
Other income (expense), net................ (251,511) (247,377) (492,175) (474,723) (440,943)
Federal and state income taxes............. 98,846 43,388 119,793 109,056 110,109
-------------------------------------------------------------
Net earnings from continuing operations.... 195,401 133,255 305,695 254,267 276,902
Extraordinary items, net of federal income
taxes.................................... -- -- -- -- (8,953)
Cumulative effect of accounting change..... -- -- -- -- 13,365
Minority interest in earnings of
consolidated subsidiaries(2)............. (6,978) (6,938) (15,793) (13,992) (13,991)
-------------------------------------------------------------
Net earnings............................... $ 188,423 $ 126,317 $ 289,902 $ 240,275 $ 267,323
=============================================================
Net earnings attributable to common stock.. $ 179,213 $ 117,025 $ 271,318 $ 221,691 $ 253,765
=============================================================
</TABLE>
- ----------------
(1) Keystone Transaction-related Expenses. Nonrecurring Transaction-related
expenses anticipated to be recorded are not included in Keystone Holdings
statement of income for the six months ended June 30, 1996. See "APPENDIX
F - THE KEYSTONE TRANSACTION - MANAGEMENT AND OPERATIONS OF WASHINGTON
MUTUAL FOLLOWING THE KEYSTONE TRANSACTION - Operations After the Keystone
Transaction--Keystone Transaction Expense and Addition to Loan Loss
Reserve" and "Notes to Pro Forma Combined Consolidated Statements of
Income." Nonrecurring Transaction-related expenses expected to be recorded
by Washington Mutual are summarized in the following table (dollars in
thousands):
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
Additional loan loss reserves(a) ..................... $ 125,000
Severance and management payments .................... 46,000
Holding company debt call premiums ................... 15,000
FRF tax settlement ................................... 10,500
Other charges ........................................ 47,000
Total charges ...................................... 243,500
Tax benefit .......................................... (86,200)
Negative adjustment to ASB's deferred tax asset ...... 50,000
---------
Net charges ........................................ $ 207,300
=========
</TABLE>
(a) See "APPENDIX F--THE KEYSTONE TRANSACTION--MANAGEMENT AND OPERATIONS" OF
WASHINGTON MUTUAL AFTER THE KEYSTONE TRANSACTION--Operations After the
Keystone Transaction--Keystone Transaction Expenses and Addition to Loan
Loss Reserve" for a discussion of the differences in philosophy between
Washington Mutual and ASB regarding provisions for loan loss and reasons
for the increase in the loan loss provision.
(2) The Keystone Transaction is intended to be accounted for as a
pooling-of-interests. The pro forma adjustments in the unaudited Pro Forma
Including Keystone Holdings statements of income for the three years ended
December 31, 1995 and the six months ended June 30, 1996
and 1995 reflect dividends paid to the holders of $80.0 million in New
Capital's cumulative redeemable preferred stock.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
June 30, 1996
------------------------------------------------------
Pro Forma
Washington Keystone Including Keystone
Mutual Holdings Holdings(1)
----------- ----------- ------------------
(dollars in thousands)
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Loans ........................................ $13,800,209 $12,854,633 $26,529,842
Assets ....................................... 22,323,472 20,480,706 42,560,678
Borrowings (including annuities) ............. 9,468,550 6,494,532 15,963,082
Stockholders' equity ......................... 1,647,073 550,398 2,217,150
Nonperforming assets as a percentage of
total assets ............................... 0.46% 1.07% 0.76%
Loan loss reserves/total loans ............... 1.05 0.70 0.88
Loan loss reserves/nonperforming assets ...... 139.75 40.92 72.48
</TABLE>
- --------------
(1) The Pro Forma Including Keystone Holdings stockholder's equity has been
adjusted to reflect the issuance of 14,000,000 shares of the Washington
Mutual Common Stock to effect the Warrant Exchange. The Warrants are
included in Keystone Holdings' balance sheet as minority interest.
<PAGE> 24
COMPARATIVE PER SHARE DATA
The following table sets forth for Washington Mutual Common Stock and Utah
Federal Common Stock certain historical, unaudited pro forma and unaudited pro
forma equivalent per share financial information for the years ended December
31, 1993, 1994, and 1995 and for the six months ended June 30, 1996. The
unaudited pro forma and pro forma equivalent per share financial information
presents information for both Washington Mutual and Washington Mutual on the pro
forma combined basis with Keystone Holdings. The information presented herein
should be read in conjunction with the financial information of Washington
Mutual, Utah Federal and Keystone Holdings appearing elsewhere in this Proxy
Statement/Prospectus. See "SELECTED HISTORICAL FINANCIAL DATA," "INFORMATION
CONCERNING WASHINGTON MUTUAL," "INFORMATION CONCERNING UTAH FEDERAL," "APPENDIX
E: FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF UTAH FEDERAL" and "APPENDIX F - THE KEYSTONE
TRANSACTION - COMBINED UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS." The
pro forma and pro forma equivalent per share data in the following table are
presented for comparative purposes only and are not necessarily indicative of
the combined financial position or results of operations in the future or what
the combined financial position or results of operations would have been had the
Merger been consummated during the period or as of the date for which this pro
forma table is presented.
The pro forma and pro forma equivalent per share data reflect the combined
results of Washington Mutual and Utah Federal, after giving effect to the Merger
under the pooling-of-interests accounting method and assumes an Exchange Ratio
of 2.963. The pro forma and pro forma equivalent per share data for each of the
three years ended December 31, 1993, 1994 and 1995 and the six months ended June
30, 1996 would not be materially different if the Merger were treated as a
purchase for accounting purposes.
<PAGE> 25
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
For the Six Months
Ended June 30, For the Year Ended December 31,
------------------ -------------------------------
1996 1995 1994 1993
------------------ ------ ------ ------
(unaudited) (unaudited)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
WASHINGTON MUTUAL
COMMON STOCK (1)
Net income per fully diluted share:
Historical ..................................... $ 1.50 $ 2.51 $ 2.38 $ 2.57
Pro forma including Utah Federal ............... 1.50 2.51 2.38 2.57
Pro forma including Utah Federal and
Keystone Holdings ............................ 1.56 2.42 2.06 2.36
Dividends per share:
Historical ....................................... 0.43 0.77 0.70 0.50
Pro forma including Utah Federal ................. 0.43 0.77 0.70 0.50
Pro forma including Utah Federal and
Keystone Holdings .............................. 0.43 0.77 0.70 0.50
Book value per share at period-end:
Historical ....................................... 19.73 19.97 16.98 15.87
Pro forma including Utah Federal ................. 19.73 19.97 16.98 15.87
Pro forma including Utah Federal and
Keystone Holdings .............................. 17.88 20.70 15.33 14.52
UTAH FEDERAL COMMON STOCK
Net income per fully diluted share:
Historical ....................................... 6.40 8.82 8.52 7.55
Pro forma equivalent including Washington
Mutual (2) ..................................... 4.44 7.44 7.06 7.63
Pro forma equivalent including Washington
Mutual and Keystone Holdings (2) ............... 4.62 7.17 6.10 6.99
Dividends per share:
Historical ....................................... 0.68 0.60 0.60 --
Pro forma equivalent including Washington
Mutual (2) ..................................... 1.27 2.28 2.07 1.48
Pro forma equivalent including Washington
Mutual and Keystone Holdings (2) ............... 1.27 2.28 2.07 1.48
Book value per share at period-end:
Historical ....................................... 81.99 75.58 65.91 58.26
Pro forma equivalent including Washington
Mutual (2) ..................................... 58.46 59.17 50.31 47.02
Pro forma equivalent including Washington
Mutual and Keystone Holdings (2) ............... 58.22 61.34 45.43 43.03
</TABLE>
- ---------
(1) Washington Mutual's acquisition of Summit Bancorp, Inc. on November 14,
1994, Olympus Capital Corporation on April 28, 1995, Enterprise Bank on
August 31, 1995, and Western Bank on January 31, 1996, were each accounted
for as a pooling-of-interests. Washington Mutual has restated the
financial statements and other financial information presented in this
Proxy Statement/Prospectus and Form 10-Q for periods prior to the date of
the Western Bank acquisition.
(2) The Utah Federal pro forma equivalent per share amounts are calculated by
multiplying the Washington Mutual pro forma per share amounts by an
exchange ratio of 2.963. This exchange ratio is based on a Washington
Mutual Common Stock price of $36.125 per share, the closing price on
September 10, 1996.
<PAGE> 26
THE SPECIAL MEETING
GENERAL
This Proxy Statement/Prospectus is being furnished to Utah Federal
Shareholders in connection with the solicitation of proxies by the Utah Federal
Board for use at the Special Meeting to be held at 10:00 a.m. local time on
November 26, 1996, at the corporate headquarters of Utah Federal located at
2279 Washington Blvd., Ogden, Utah, and at any adjournments or postponements
thereof for the purposes set forth herein.
MATTERS TO BE CONSIDERED AT THE SPECIAL MEETING
As more fully described in this Proxy Statement/Prospectus, the purpose
of the Special Meeting is to consider and vote upon a proposal to approve the
Merger Agreement, pursuant to which Utah Federal will be merged with and into
WMBfsb with WMBfsb as the surviving entity. See "THE MERGER".
RECORD DATE AND VOTING
The Utah Federal Board has fixed the close of business on October 28,
1996 as the Record Date for the determination of holders of Utah Federal Common
Stock entitled to receive notice of and to vote at the Special Meeting. On the
Record Date, 142,000 shares of Utah Federal Common Stock were outstanding and
entitled to vote, which were held by approximately 47 holders of record. Utah
Federal Shareholders will be entitled to one vote, exercisable in person or by
properly executed proxy, for each share of Utah Federal Common Stock held of
record at the close of business on the Record Date on the proposal described
herein and on any other matter that may be presented for consideration and
action by the Utah Federal Shareholders at the Special Meeting.
QUORUM; VOTES REQUIRED
The presence, in person or by proxy, of holders of at least a majority
of the shares of Utah Federal Common Stock outstanding on the Record Date is
necessary to constitute a quorum at the Special Meeting. Abstentions and broker
non-votes will be considered as shares present for purposes of determining the
presence of a quorum. The approval of the Merger will require the affirmative
vote of the holders of two-thirds of the outstanding shares of Utah Federal
Common Stock entitled to vote thereon. Accordingly, a failure to submit a proxy
(or to vote in person at the Special Meeting) or an abstention by a Utah Federal
Shareholder, or a broker non-vote will have the same effect as a "NO" vote with
respect to the vote on the Merger.
As of the Record Date, Utah Federal directors and executive officers
beneficially owned an aggregate of 137,919 shares of Utah Federal Common Stock
or approximately 97.13 percent of the shares of Utah Federal Common Stock
outstanding on such date. Mr. Miller, a Director and Chairman of the Board of
Utah Federal, individually beneficially owns 134,609 shares of Utah Federal
Common Stock, representing approximately 94.8 percent of the outstanding shares
of Utah Federal Common Stock. All of such Utah Federal directors and executive
officers have entered into letter agreements with Washington Mutual and WMBfsb
pursuant to which, among other things, each such person agreed to vote all
shares of Utah Federal Common Stock held by such person in favor of the Merger.
See "THE MERGER -- Affiliate Letters."
VOTING AND REVOCATION OF PROXIES
Shares of Utah Federal Common Stock represented by a proxy properly
returned, completed, dated and signed will be voted at the Special Meeting in
accordance with the instructions thereon. If a Utah Federal Shareholder returns
a signed proxy without indicating any voting instructions, the shares
represented by the proxy will be voted FOR approval of the Merger. Any Utah
Federal Shareholder who signs and returns a proxy may revoke such proxy at any
time before the proxy is voted by: (i) filing with the Secretary of Utah Federal
a written instrument revoking the proxy, (ii) submitting to the Secretary of
Utah Federal a new proxy bearing a later date, or (iii) voting in person at the
Special Meeting. Attendance at the Special Meeting will not in and of itself
constitute
19
<PAGE> 27
a revocation of a proxy. All written instruments of revocation and other
communications with respect to revocation of proxies should be addressed as
follows: Utah Federal Savings Bank, 2279 Washington Blvd., Ogden, Utah 84402,
Attention: Georgia S. Goodell.
As of the date of this Proxy Statement/Prospectus, the Utah Federal
Board is not aware of any business to be acted on at the Special Meeting other
than as described herein. If, however, any other matters properly come before
the Special Meeting, including, among other things, consideration of a motion to
adjourn or postpone the Special Meeting to another time and/or place (including,
without limitation, for the purpose of soliciting additional proxies), the proxy
also confers discretionary authority on the persons named as proxies to vote
upon such matters.
SOLICITATION OF PROXIES
In addition to solicitation by mail, directors, officers, and employees
of Utah Federal (who will not be specially compensated for such services) may
solicit proxies, personally or by telephone, telegram or other forms of
communication. Brokerage houses, nominees, fiduciaries and other custodians will
be requested to forward soliciting materials to beneficial owners and will be
reimbursed for their reasonable expenses incurred in sending proxy material to
beneficial owners. Utah Federal will bear its own expenses in connection with
the solicitation of proxies for the Special Meeting. See "THE MERGER AGREEMENT
- -- Expenses."
UTAH FEDERAL SHAREHOLDERS ARE REQUESTED TO COMPLETE, DATE AND SIGN THE
ACCOMPANYING PROXY AND RETURN IT PROMPTLY TO UTAH FEDERAL IN THE ENCLOSED
POSTAGE-PREPAID ENVELOPE.
UTAH FEDERAL SHAREHOLDERS SHOULD NOT SEND ANY
STOCK CERTIFICATES WITH THEIR PROXIES
THE MERGER
The following information, insofar as it relates to matters contained
in the Merger Agreement or the Stock Option Agreement, is qualified in its
entirety by reference to the Merger Agreement and the Stock Option Agreement,
which are attached hereto as Appendix A and Appendix C, respectively. UTAH
FEDERAL SHAREHOLDERS ARE URGED TO READ THE MERGER AGREEMENT, THE CFA OPINION,
THE STOCK OPTION AGREEMENT AND THE OTHER APPENDICES IN THEIR ENTIRETY.
GENERAL
The Merger Agreement provides for the merger of Utah Federal with and
into WMBfsb, with WMBfsb as the surviving entity. The separate existence of Utah
Federal will cease upon completion of the Merger. The Articles of Incorporation
and Bylaws of WMBfsb will continue to be the Articles of Incorporation and
Bylaws of the surviving entity after the completion of the Merger and the WMBfsb
Board of Directors will continue to be the Board of Directors of the surviving
entity after the completion of the Merger.
Upon consummation of the Merger, all shares of Utah Federal Common
Stock will automatically be canceled and retired and will cease to exist. Each
holder of a certificate representing any shares of Utah Federal Common Stock
will cease to have any rights with respect thereto, except the right to receive
shares of Washington Mutual Common Stock to be issued upon the surrender of such
certificate, or the right of dissenting Utah Federal Shareholders to receive
fair value for their shares of Utah Federal Common Stock, under certain
circumstances. See "THE MERGER -- Dissenters' Rights."
At the Effective Time, each outstanding share of Utah Federal Common
Stock will be converted into the right to receive $107.04 per share, subject to
adjustment as described herein, in newly issued shares of Washington Mutual
Common Stock. Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, if the amount of all costs and
expenses of third parties paid or owed by Utah Federal in connection with the
Merger Agreement and the consummation of the Merger
20
<PAGE> 28
exceed $200,000, then the Merger Consideration will be reduced by the amount of
such excess divided by the number of shares of Utah Federal Common Stock
outstanding at the Effective Date. Utah Federal currently expects that its
transaction fees for the Merger will not exceed $200,000, but under certain
circumstances may be as high as $250,000, which would result in a downward
adjustment to the Merger Consideration of up to $0.35 per share. If the actual
transaction fees are higher than $250,000 resulting in further downward
adjustment to the Merger Consideration, Utah Federal will resolicit its
shareholders with respect to approval of the Merger Agreement. The per share
value of Washington Mutual Common Stock for purposes of determining the number
of shares of Washington Mutual Common Stock to be received in the Merger is
based upon the arithmetic average of the closing prices of Washington Mutual
Common Stock on The Nasdaq Stock Market for the ten trading days immediately
preceding the third trading day before the Effective Date. The Exchange Ratio
for determining the number of shares of Washington Mutual Common Stock to be
issued for each share of Utah Federal Common Stock will be the Merger
Consideration divided by the Average Price.
The number of shares of Washington Mutual Common Stock to be received
upon conversion of the shares of Utah Federal Common Stock in the Merger will be
subject to further adjustment in certain circumstances, as follows: (i) if prior
to the third trading day before the Effective Time the shares of Washington
Mutual Common Stock are changed into a different number of shares by reason of
any recapitalization, split-up, combination or exchange of shares, or if a stock
dividend on such shares is declared with a record date within such period, then
the Average Price will be adjusted accordingly; or (ii) if immediately prior to
the Effective Time any options to acquire Utah Federal Common Stock or related
SARs remain in effect and unexercised, then the per share Merger Consideration
will be increased by an amount equal to (A) the product of the (w) Merger
Consideration and (x) the number of unexercised options or related share
appreciation rights in effect and unexercised immediately prior to the Effective
Time, divided by (B) the difference between (y) 142,000 and (z) the number of
unexercised options or related stock appreciation rights in effect and
unexercised immediately prior to the Effective Time.
No certificates for fractional shares of Washington Mutual Common Stock
will be issued as a result of the Merger. Instead, each Utah Federal Shareholder
otherwise entitled to a fractional share will receive the cash value of such
fractional share in an amount equal to the fraction multiplied by the Average
Price.
BACKGROUND OF THE MERGER
The Utah Federal Board has been cognizant of increasing levels of
competition in the financial services business and the significant consolidation
that has been occurring among the providers of banking services in Utah
Federal's banking market and throughout the United States, in general. Utah
Federal is and has been aware that larger entities that result from such
consolidations may acquire substantial competitive advantages, including greater
diversity in their loan portfolios, improved access to capital and funding and
the ability to spread costs of new products, services and research and
development over a wider customer base.
In October 1995, Stephen M. Klein, an attorney in Seattle, Washington
who had represented Utah Federal in various matters, contacted L. Brent Hoggan,
Utah Federal's Executive Vice President, and inquired as to whether Utah Federal
would be interested in being acquired. Mr. Klein indicated to Mr. Hoggan that
Washington Mutual had recently acquired various banking institutions, including
a Utah-based savings bank and advised Mr. Hoggan that Washington Mutual might be
interested in expanding its presence in the Northern Utah banking market.
Following that conversation, Mr. Klein sent Mr. Hoggan a package of
publicly-available information on Washington Mutual for his review and
consideration. Prior to Mr. Klein's contact with Mr. Hoggan, Mr. Klein had a
general conversation with Washington Mutual concerning its interest in expanding
its presence in Utah, but no specific reference to Utah Federal was made during
that conversation.
Mr. Hoggan conveyed Mr. Klein's inquiry and the information package to
Ernest J. Miller, the Chairman of the Board of Utah Federal and its principal
shareholder. After considering the possibility of a merger of Utah Federal with
Washington Mutual, doing some independent investigation of Washington Mutual and
consulting with his personal financial advisors, Mr. Miller directed Mr. Hoggan
to indicate to Mr. Klein an interest in an acquisition at a price for Utah
Federal of not less than $15 million, provided that the acquisition could be
structured as a tax-free exchange of Utah Federal Common Stock for Washington
Mutual Common Stock. Mr. Klein then contacted Craig E. Tall, an Executive Vice
President of Washington Mutual, to convey Utah Federal's interest in a possible
acquisition by Washington Mutual.
21
<PAGE> 29
On December 15, 1995, Messrs. Klein and Hoggan, and John E. Clay and
Steven Thunell, members of Utah Federal's Board, met with Mr. Tall in Salt Lake
City, Utah, to discuss the terms and timing of a possible merger transaction. At
this meeting, certain terms of the transaction, including a price of $15
million, were discussed and it was agreed that the matters discussed would be
presented to the Washington Mutual and Utah Federal Boards of Directors for
their consideration.
After the December 15, 1995 meeting, through further correspondence and
conversations between Mr. Tall and Mr. Klein, certain other terms of the
potential transaction were discussed.
The Utah Federal Board met in Ogden, Utah for a special meeting on
January 4, 1996 to consider whether the proposed merger would be in the best
interest of Utah Federal and its shareholders. At the special meeting, the Utah
Federal Board considered the financial strength of Washington Mutual, the fact
that it was a publicly traded company, and the fact that Washington Mutual would
provide a broader range of financial services to Utah Federal's customers than
presently offered. The Utah Federal Board also considered the fact that Utah
Federal's shareholders could not readily sell their shares and that the exchange
of Utah Federal shares for shares in Washington Mutual would result in the
shareholders obtaining a liquid stock in a more diversified and growing
financial services company. At the conclusion of the January 4, 1996 special
meeting, the Utah Federal Board unanimously adopted a resolution to permit
Washington Mutual to conduct a due diligence review of Utah Federal and its
operations. In that resolution, the Utah Federal Board further authorized
Messrs. Hoggan, Clay and Thunell (in the event that after its due diligence
review, Washington Mutual desired to proceed with the merger) to seek a
qualified financial advisor to provide a fairness opinion on the proposed
transaction and to assist in negotiating a definitive agreement with Washington
Mutual for presentation to and consideration by the Utah Federal Board. Pursuant
to such resolution, it was determined by Messrs. Clay, Thunell and Hoggan that
CFA, an investment banking company qualified to provide a fairness opinion on
the proposed transaction, would be retained for this purpose.
Washington Mutual conducted a due diligence review of Utah Federal
during January 1996. Simultaneously, the parties negotiated the terms of the
Merger Agreement and related documents. On February 1, 1996, Michael R. Garrett,
Utah Federal's President, and Messrs. Miller, Hoggan, Clay and legal counsel for
Utah Federal met with representatives of and legal counsel for Washington
Mutual. At this meeting, held in Seattle, the draft Merger Agreement was
discussed at length and various points were negotiated.
Following the meeting of February 1, 1996, revised drafts of the Merger
Agreement were circulated. A substantially final draft was presented to the Utah
Federal Board in its meeting on February 21, 1996. Members of the Utah Federal
Board were informed that Washington Mutual conditioned its offer to acquire Utah
Federal on, among other things, (i) receipt of an irrevocable option for
Washington Mutual to acquire from Utah Federal shares representing 19.9 percent
of the then outstanding Utah Federal Common Stock, exercisable under certain
circumstances, (ii) receipt of a mutual break-up fee of $200,000 upon
termination of the transaction under certain circumstances, and (iii) the
agreement of the directors, executive officers and certain shareholders of Utah
Federal to vote in favor of the transaction and take certain actions intended to
preserve the desired accounting treatment of the Merger. Utah Federal's legal
counsel conducted a detailed review of the transaction documents and related
issues. At this meeting, a representative of CFA made an oral presentation and
delivered a written opinion to the Utah Federal Board that the terms of the
Merger Agreement were fair from a financial point of view to Utah Federal's
shareholders.
After discussing the terms of the Merger Agreement, considering the
advise of its legal counsel and receiving the oral and written fairness opinion
of CFA, the Utah Federal Board concluded that the Merger would be in the best
interests of Utah Federal and its shareholders and unanimously adopted a
resolution approving the Merger Agreement and related documents. The Utah
Federal Board also authorized execution of the Merger Agreement and, directed
that Utah Federal proceed in conjunction with Washington Mutual's
representatives to seek necessary regulatory approval of the proposed
transaction and further, that the Merger Agreement be submitted to the
shareholders of Utah Federal for their approval, subject to a final fairness
opinion from CFA.
On February 21, 1996, and as updated on the date of this Proxy
Statement/Prospectus, CFA delivered a written opinion that the Merger
Consideration to be received by holders of Utah Federal Common Stock pursuant
22
<PAGE> 30
to the Merger Agreement is fair, from a financial point of view, to Utah
Federal's shareholders. A copy of the CFA Opinion is included as Appendix A
hereto.
On July 22, 1996, Washington Mutual announced the signing of the Keystone
Merger Agreement and on July 23, 1996, Utah Federal postponed the Special
Meeting and notified its shareholders in writing of such postponement. Because
of the resulting delay in consummating the Merger, by amendment to the Merger
Agreement dated September 10, 1996, Washington Mutual and Utah Federal agreed to
increase the Merger Consideration from $105.63 to $107.04 per share and to
increase from $150,000 to $200,000 the allowable amount of Utah Federal's
transaction fees incurred in connection with the Merger, beyond which the Merger
Consideration would be reduced by the amount of any excess divided by the number
of shares of Utah Federal Common Stock outstanding at the Effective Date. See
"THE MERGER AGREEMENT - Expenses."
The Merger Agreement is the result of arm's length negotiations between
Utah Federal and Washington Mutual. There is no affiliation between any of the
directors and officers of the respective entities.
REASONS FOR THE MERGER; RECOMMENDATION OF THE UTAH FEDERAL BOARD
The Utah Federal Board has carefully considered the terms of the Merger
Agreement, unanimously approved it as being in the best interests of Utah
Federal and its shareholders, and recommends that Utah Federal Shareholders vote
FOR the proposal to approve the Merger Agreement.
At its meeting on February 21, 1996, the Utah Federal Board unanimously
determined that the Merger was fair to, and in the best interests of, Utah
Federal's shareholders and recommended that the Merger Agreement be submitted to
the Utah Federal Shareholders for their approval. In making this determination,
the Utah Federal Board considered a variety of factors, including (i) the value
of the Washington Mutual Common Stock that Utah Federal's shareholders would
receive in exchange for their shares of Utah Federal Common Stock and other
terms of the Merger Agreement; (ii) the benefits expected to result from the
Merger based on a consideration of the financial condition, results of operation
and prospects of Washington Mutual and Utah Federal, both on a stand-alone and
on a combined basis; (iii) the Utah Federal Board's view of the relative merits
of other opportunities presented to it or that it believed would be available
(including the possibility of remaining independent); (iv) the liquidity that
Utah Federal's shareholders would enjoy upon converting their Utah Federal
Common Stock into publicly traded shares of Washington Mutual Common Stock; (v)
Utah Federal's ability to continue to provide competitive and comprehensive
services in the markets in which it operates; (vi) the parties' shared belief in
community banking, which emphasizes responsiveness to local markets and the
delivery of personalized services to customers, and (vii) the fairness opinion
of CFA.
In the course of reaching its determination to approve the Merger
Agreement, the Utah Federal Board consulted with legal counsel with respect to
the legal duties of the Utah Federal Board, the terms of the Merger Agreement
and the issues related thereto; with its financial advisor with respect to the
financial aspects and fairness of the transaction; and with senior management
regarding, among other things, operational and due diligence matters. In
addition to the overall objectives, discussed above, of enhancing shareholder
value and providing high-quality community banking services, the Utah Federal
Board considered a number of other specific factors, including the following:
- Utah Federal's shareholders would receive a premium over the
price per share of Utah Federal Common Stock at which
individual trades have occurred in the recent past;
- Washington Mutual Common Stock is a publicly-traded stock,
thus the Merger would create liquidity for Utah Federal
Shareholders;
- The Merger would permit Utah Federal's shareholders, on a
tax-free basis, to invest in a larger, more diversified
banking organization;
- The combined entity would have a stronger financial condition,
businesses and prospects and an enhanced ability to compete in
the markets it serves;
- The Merger would allow customers to receive certain additional
services that are currently not provided; and
- The combined organization would enable customers to have
access to larger loans due to higher legal lending limits.
The Utah Federal Board did not ascribe relative or specific weights to any
factor in its evaluation of the Merger.
23
<PAGE> 31
In considering the recommendation of the Utah Federal Board, Utah
Federal Shareholders should be aware that certain directors and executive
officers of Utah Federal may be deemed to have interests in the Merger in
addition to their interests, if any, as Utah Federal Shareholders. As of the
Record Date, directors and executive officers of Utah Federal beneficially
owned, in the aggregate, 137,919 shares of Utah Federal Common Stock prior to
the Merger (approximately 97.13 percent of the outstanding shares of Utah
Federal Common Stock), or less than one percent of the outstanding shares of
Washington Mutual Common Stock after the Merger. One of the directors of Utah
Federal individually beneficially owned 134,609 shares of Utah Federal Common
Stock, representing 94.8 percent of the outstanding shares of Utah Federal
Common Stock. Additionally, Washington Mutual has agreed to indemnify the
current and former directors, officers and employees of Utah Federal for acts or
omissions occurring prior to the Effective Date. In addition, Mr. Garrett has
accepted an offer of employment with WMBfsb as a mortgage production manager and
vice president upon consummation of the Merger. See "THE MERGER -- Interest of
Certain Persons in the Merger" and "THE MERGER AGREEMENT -- Effect on Employee
Benefit Plans and Stock Plans."
OPINION OF FINANCIAL ADVISOR
CFA has delivered written opinions to the Utah Federal Board to the
effect that, as of February 21, 1996, July 1, 1996 and updated as of the date of
this Proxy Statement/Prospectus, the consideration to be received by Utah
Federal Shareholders pursuant to the terms of the Merger Agreement is fair to
such shareholders from a financial point of view. The Merger Consideration was
determined by Utah Federal and Washington Mutual through negotiations. The CFA
Opinion is directed only to the fairness, from a financial point of view, of the
Merger Consideration to be received by Utah Federal Shareholders and does not
constitute a recommendation to any Utah Federal Shareholder as to how such
shareholder should vote at the Special Meeting.
Utah Federal retained CFA as its exclusive financial advisor pursuant
to an engagement letter dated February 21, 1996 (the "Engagement Letter") in
connection with the Merger. CFA is a regionally recognized investment banking
firm that is regularly engaged in the valuation of business and securities in
connection with mergers and acquisitions. The Utah Federal Board selected CFA to
act as Utah Federal's exclusive financial advisor based on CFA's experience in
mergers and acquisitions and in securities valuation generally.
CFA issued its opinions to the Utah Federal Board on February 21, 1996,
July 1, 1996 and as updated as of the date of this Proxy Statement/Prospectus
that, in its opinion as investment bankers, the Merger Consideration to be
received by Utah Federal Shareholders pursuant to the terms of the Merger
Agreement is fair, from a financial point of view, to Utah Federal and its
shareholders. THE FULL TEXT OF THE CFA OPINION, WHICH SETS FORTH THE ASSUMPTIONS
MADE, MATTERS CONSIDERED, AND LIMITS ON ITS REVIEW, IS ATTACHED HERETO AS
APPENDIX B. THE SUMMARY OF THE CFA OPINION IN THIS PROXY STATEMENT/PROSPECTUS IS
QUALIFIED IN ITS ENTIRETY BY REFERENCE TO THE FULL TEXT OF SUCH OPINION. UTAH
FEDERAL SHAREHOLDERS ARE URGED TO READ THE ENTIRE CFA OPINION.
In rendering its opinion to Utah Federal, CFA reviewed, among other
things, historical financial data of Utah Federal, certain internal financial
data and assumptions of Utah Federal prepared for financial planning and
budgeting purposes furnished by the management of Utah Federal and, to the
extent publicly available, the financial terms of certain change of control
transactions involving community banks in the Western U.S. CFA discussed with
Utah Federal's management the financial condition, current operating results,
and business outlook for Utah Federal. CFA also reviewed certain publicly
available information concerning Washington Mutual and certain financial and
securities data of Washington Mutual and companies deemed similar to Washington
Mutual. CFA discussed with Washington Mutual's management the financial
condition, current operating results, and business outlook for Washington Mutual
and Washington Mutual's plans relating to Utah Federal. In rendering its
opinion, CFA relied, without independent verification, on the accuracy and
completeness of all financial and other information reviewed by it and did not
attempt to verify or to make any independent evaluation or appraisal of the
assets of Utah Federal or Washington Mutual nor was it furnished any such
appraisals. Utah Federal did not impose any limitations on the scope of the CFA
investigation in arriving at its opinion.
24
<PAGE> 32
CFA analyzed the total purchase price on a cash equivalent fair market
value basis using standard evaluation techniques (as discussed below) including
comparable sales multiples, net present value analysis, and net asset value
based on certain assumption of projected growth, earnings and dividends and a
range of discount rates from 16 percent to 18 percent.
"Net Asset Value" is the value of the net equity of a bank, including
every kind of property and value. This approach normally assumes the liquidation
on the date of appraisal with the recognition of the investment securities gains
or losses, real estate appreciation or depreciation, adjustments to the loan
loss reserve, discounts to the loan portfolio and changes in the net value of
other assets. As such, it is not the best evaluation approach when valuing a
going concern because it is based on historical costs and varying accounting
methods. Even if the assets and liabilities are adjusted to reflect prevailing
market prices and yields (which is often of limited accuracy due to the lack of
readily available data), it still results in a liquidation value. In addition,
since this approach fails to account for the values attributable to the going
concern such as the interrelationship among Utah Federal's assets and
liabilities, customer relations, market presence, image and reputation, staff
expertise and depth, little weight is given by CFA to the net asset value
approach to valuation.
"Market Value" is generally defined as the price, established on a
"arms-length" basis, at which knowledgeable, unrelated buyers and sellers would
agree. The "hypothetical" market value for a small bank with a thin market for
its common stock is normally determined by comparison to the average price to
stockholders equity, price to earnings, and price to total assets, adjusting for
significant differences in financial performance criteria and for any lack of
marketability or liquidity of the buyer. Market value in connection with the
evaluation of control of a bank is determined by the previous sales of small
banks in the state or region. In valuing a business enterprise, when sufficient
comparable trade data are available, the market value approach deserves greater
weighing than the net asset value approach and similar weight as the investment
value approach as discussed below.
CFA maintains a substantial data base concerning prices paid for
banking institutions in the Western U.S., particularly thrift institutions, from
1988 through 1996. This data base provides comparable pricing and financial
performance data for thrift institutions sold or acquired. Organized by
different peer groups, these data present medians of financial performance and
purchase price levels, thereby facilitating a valid comparative purchase price
analysis. In analyzing the transaction value of Utah Federal, CFA has considered
the market approach and has evaluated price to shareholders equity and price to
earnings multiples and the price to total assets percentage for transactions
involving thrift and banking organizations with total assets less than $1
billion located in the Western United States that sold for 100 percent common
stock from January 1988 to January 1996.
COMPARABLE SALES MULTIPLES. CFA calculated an "Adjusted Book Value" for
the Merger for Utah Federal's December 31, 1995 shareholders equity and the
estimated June 30, 1996 shareholders equity adjusted for the price to
stockholders equity ratios for a sample of Western thrift and banking
institutions with assets above $100 million which sold between January 1988
through January 1996 and a sample of Western U.S. thrift and banking
institutions with total assets above $100 million which sold between March 1990
and October 1995. The calculations were $107.54 and $97.50 per share,
respectively.
TRANSACTION VALUE AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL ASSETS. CFA calculated the
percentage of total assets which the transaction represents as a price level
indicator. The transaction value as a percentage of total assets facilitates a
truer price level comparison with comparable banking organizations, regardless
of the differing levels of stockholders equity and earnings. In this instance, a
transaction value of $105.63 per share results in a transaction value as a
percentage of total assets of 12.10 percent. The median price as a percentage of
total assets for a sample of Western U.S. banking institutions with assets below
$1 billion which sold between January 1988 through January 1996 and a sample of
Western U.S. banking institutions with total assets between $100 million and $1
billion which sold between March 1990 and October 1995 were 11 percent and 12
percent, respectively.
"Investment Value" is sometimes referred to as the income or earnings
value. One investment value method frequently used estimates the present value
of a institution's future earnings or cash flow which is discussed below.
NET PRESENT VALUE ANALYSIS. The investment or earnings value of any
banking organization's stock is a estimate of the present value of future
benefits, usually earnings, dividends, or cash flow, which will accrue to the
25
<PAGE> 33
stock. An earnings value is calculated using an annual future earning stream
over a period of time of not less than five years and the residual or terminal
value of the earnings stream after five years, using Utah Federal's estimates of
future growth and an appropriate capitalization or discount rate. CFA's
calculations were based on an analysis of the banking industry, Utah Federal's
earnings estimates for the years 1996 through 2000, historical levels of growth
and earnings, and the competitive situation in Utah Federal's market area. Using
discount rates of 16 percent and 18 percent, acceptable discount rates
considering the risk-return relationship most investors would demand for an
investment of this type as of the valuation date, the "Net Present Value of
Future Earnings" provided a rage of $86.88 to $117.54 per share.
When the Net Asset Value, Market Value and Investment Value approaches
are subjectively weighed, using the appraiser's experience and judgment, it is
CFA's opinion that the proposed transaction is fair, from a financial point of
view.
Pursuant to the terms of the Engagement Letter, Utah Federal has agreed
to pay CFA a fee of $21,000. In addition, Utah Federal has agreed to reimburse
CFA for its reasonable out-of-pocket expenses, including the fees and
disbursements of its counsel, and to indemnify CFA against certain liabilities.
RISK FACTORS RELATED TO THE KEYSTONE TRANSACTION AND KEYSTONE HOLDINGS
In addition to the other information set forth in this Proxy
Statement/Prospectus, Utah Federal Shareholders should consider the following
matters related to the Keystone Transaction and Keystone Holdings before voting
on the proposal herein.
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS MAY NOT PROVE ACCURATE. When used in this Proxy
Statement/Prospectus, the words "anticipate," "estimate," "expect," "project"
and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements.
Such statements are subject to certain risks, uncertainties and assumptions.
Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should
underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary materially from
those anticipated, estimated, expected or projected. Several key factors that
have a direct bearing on Washington Mutual's ability to attain its goals are
discussed below.
EXPECTED BENEFITS OF COMBINED BUSINESS MAY NOT BE ACHIEVED. Washington
Mutual anticipates that substantial benefits will occur as a result of the
Keystone Transaction as described under "APPENDIX F - THE KEYSTONE TRANSACTION -
Reasons for the Transaction; Recommendation of the Washington Mutual Board" and
"APPENDIX F - THE KEYSTONE TRANSACTION - MANAGEMENT AND OPERATIONS OF WASHINGTON
MUTUAL FOLLOWING THE KEYSTONE TRANSACTION." Whether the anticipated benefits of
the Keystone Transaction are ultimately achieved, however, will depend on a
number of factors, including the ability of Washington Mutual and Keystone
Holdings as a combined company ("combined companies") to achieve administrative
cost savings at projected levels within projected time frames, and general
economies of scale and, generally, the ability of the combined companies to
capitalize on their combined asset base and strategic position. There can be no
assurance that the expected benefits of the Keystone Transaction relative to the
combined business will be achieved.
ECONOMIC CONDITIONS AND REAL ESTATE RISK. Washington Mutual's lending
operations are concentrated primarily in Washington and Oregon, with additional
operations in Idaho, Utah and Montana, and ASB's lending operations are
concentrated in California. Both Washington Mutual and ASB have the bulk of
their assets invested in loans and securities secured by residential real estate
in those states. As a result, the financial condition and results of operations
of the combined company will be subject to general economic conditions and,
particularly, the conditions in the single-family or multi-family residential
real estate markets prevailing in Washington, Oregon and California. In
addition, in an economic downturn, there tends to be a run-off in deposits,
which could increase overall funding costs. If economic conditions in any one of
those states worsens or if the market for residential real estate in particular
declines, the combined company may suffer decreased net income or losses
associated with higher default rates and decreased collateral values on its
existing portfolio, and may not be able to originate the volume of high quality
single-family or multi-family residential mortgage loans or achieve the level of
deposits and mutual fund assets currently projected.
In contrast to Washington Mutual's historical situation, approximately
one-half of the combined companies' pro forma loan assets at June 30, 1996 were
secured by properties in California. The California economy and certain of its
real estate submarkets showed signs of recovery in 1994 and 1995 from the
recessionary levels of the early 1990's, and consequently ASB's delinquencies,
non-performing assets and the ratio of loss provisions to nonperforming assets
improved from earlier periods. Other California real estate submarkets continued
to decline in 1996. If the California economy or real estate values in
California were to significantly decline, future financial performance of the
combined companies could be negatively affected.
INTEREST RATE RISK. Each of Washington Mutual and ASB realizes its income
principally from the differential between the interest earned on loans,
investments and other interest-earning assets, and the interest paid on
deposits, borrowings and other interest-bearing liabilities. Net interest
spreads are affected by the difference between the repricing characteristics of
interest-earning assets and deposits and other liabilities. Loan volumes and
yields, as well as the volume of, and rates on, investments, deposits and
borrowings, are affected by market interest rates. Generally, Washington Mutual
will experience increased interest rate spreads during periods of downward
interest rate movement and decreased interest rate spreads during periods of
upward interest rate movement. This is also the case with ASB, although to a
somewhat lesser extent. Although ASB's loan portfolio consists primarily of
ARMs, the adjustments in the interest rates on the ARMs inherently lag changes
in ASB's cost of funds. To the extent that interest rates generally are
increasing, the combined company's actual interest rate spread, and thus net
income, will in most cases be negatively affected.
OPERATIONAL ISSUES; MANAGEMENT. ASB's assets and deposits are of comparable
size to Washington Mutual's, and ASB operates primarily in California, where
Washington Mutual has limited operating experience. The combination of two
companies of nearly equal size and the integration of their management teams in
different geographic areas may pose difficulties that could adversely affect the
results of operations of the combined company. In addition, Washington Mutual
anticipates certain cost savings from the consolidation of operations, which may
not materialize or may be delayed as a result of difficulties in consolidating
operations.
The ability of the combined company to operate efficiently, at least in the
short term, will be enhanced by its ability to retain existing management
personnel. If Washington Mutual is not able to retain a substantial number of
key management personnel of ASB, the
<PAGE> 34
consolidation of the two companies may be more time-consuming, difficult and
expensive, which may negatively affect the predicted cost savings. See
"APPENDIX F--THE KEYSTONE TRANSACTION--MANAGEMENT AND OPERATIONS OF
WASHINGTON MUTUAL FOLLOWING THE KEYSTONE TRANSACTION."
ABILITY TO REFINANCE DEBT. Washington Mutual currently intends to refinance
certain outstanding debt and preferred equity of certain subsidiaries of
Keystone Holdings following the Keystone Transaction. To the extent that the
interest rates on such refinancing are higher than anticipated, or that some of
such indebtedness is not repaid as contemplated, actual interest and dividend
costs may be higher than anticipated by Washington Mutual. Holders of certain of
such debt have the right to demand payment in the event of a change in control,
such as the Keystone Transaction. If such holders demand payment after the
Keystone Transaction, Washington Mutual will be required to promptly repay such
debt and may not be able to arrange for alternative financing at the anticipated
rates. See "APPENDIX F - THE KEYSTONE TRANSACTION - MANAGEMENT AND OPERATIONS OF
WASHINGTON MUTUAL FOLLOWING THE KEYSTONE TRANSACTION."
COMPETITION. Washington Mutual and ASB both face significant competition in
their respective markets. Washington Mutual has limited operating experience in
California. California has a much larger population with more large financial
institution competitors than the states in which Washington Mutual currently
operates. Many of these large competitors have more significant financial
resources, larger market share and greater name recognition in California than
the combined company will have. The existence of such competitors may make it
difficult for Washington Mutual to achieve its financial goals following the
Keystone Transaction.
SHARES ELIGIBLE FOR FUTURE SALE MAY ADVERSELY AFFECT MARKET PRICE OF STOCK.
Sales of substantial amounts of Washington Mutual Common Stock in the public
market could adversely affect the market price of such stock. As described
elsewhere in this Proxy Statement/Prospectus, it is anticipated that the
FDIC-Manager will sell the FRF Initial Shares in the Initial Underwriting.
Additionally, Washington Mutual has agreed to provide the FRF and the Investors
and their assigns with certain registration rights that will facilitate future
sales of shares of Washington Mutual Common Stock issued in connection with the
Keystone Transaction. If the market price of Washington Mutual Common Stock were
adversely affected by such sales, Washington Mutual's access to equity capital
markets could be adversely affected, and issuances of stock by Washington Mutual
in connection with future acquisitions, or otherwise, could dilute earnings per
share. See "APPENDIX F - THE KEYSTONE TRANSACTION - Registration Rights and
Resales of Washington Mutual Common Stock."
SIGNIFICANT SHAREHOLDERS . Upon consummation of the Keystone Transaction,
the Initial Shares will be issued to the FRF and KHP. The FDIC-Manager is
expected to sell the FRF Initial Shares in the Initial Underwriting, although
there is no assurance that the FDIC-Manager will sell all or any of such shares.
See "APPENDIX F - THE KEYSTONE TRANSACTION - Registration Rights and Resales of
Washington Mutual Common Stock." If the FDIC-Manager does not sell any of the
FRF Initial Shares in the Initial Underwriting, at the Effective Time the FRF
will own approximately 14.0% of the Washington Mutual Common Stock then
outstanding (based on the number of shares outstanding on the Record Date plus
the Initial Shares and Litigation Escrow Shares), assuming all of the Litigation
Escrow Shares are released.
The Keystone Initial Shares and the contingent right to receive the
Litigation Escrow Shares attributable to KHP will be distributed
to the Investors immediately after the consummation of the Keystone Transaction.
After the Keystone Transaction, the Investors will own an aggregate of
31,075,333 shares of Washington Mutual Common Stock, representing approximately
25.9% of the Washington Mutual Common Stock then outstanding (based on the
number of shares outstanding on the Record Date plus the Initial Shares and
Litigation Escrow Shares), assuming all of the Litigation Escrow Shares are
released.
Immediately after the Keystone Transaction, Mr. Bass will beneficially own
approximately 9.5% of the Washington Mutual Common Stock then outstanding (based
on the number of shares outstanding on the Record Date plus the Initial Shares
and Litigation Escrow Shares), assuming all of the Litigation Escrow Shares are
released.
The Investors and the FDIC-Manager are restricted in their right to sell
shares of Washington Mutual Common Stock received in the Keystone Transaction by
state and federal securities and bank regulatory laws. In addition, certain
Investors are also subject to restrictions on sales of their shares of
Washington Mutual Common Stock by the terms of the Keystone Affiliate Letters
("Keystone Affiliate Letters"). Other than such restrictions, Washington Mutual
has no agreements with any Investor, including Mr. Bass, that restrict an
Investor's rights to buy, sell or vote the Washington Mutual Common Stock. As
holders of a significant percentage of the outstanding Washington Mutual Common
Stock, after the Keystone Transaction certain Investors, particularly Mr. Bass,
and the FDIC-Manager, to the extent that the FDIC-Manager does not sell the FRF
Initial Shares in the Initial Underwriting, will be able to affect voting on
matters put before the shareholders of Washington Mutual.
<PAGE> 35
INTERESTS OF CERTAIN PERSONS IN THE MERGER
In considering the recommendation of the Utah Federal Board, Utah
Federal Shareholders should be aware that certain directors and executive
officers of Utah Federal may be deemed to have interests in the Merger in
addition to their interests, if any, as Utah Federal Shareholders.
OWNERSHIP OF UTAH FEDERAL COMMON STOCK. As of the Record Date,
directors and executive officers of Utah Federal, beneficially owned an
aggregate of 137,919 shares of Utah Federal Common Stock (or approximately 97.13
percent of the then outstanding shares of Utah Federal Common Stock). See
"INFORMATION CONCERNING UTAH FEDERAL -- Beneficial Ownership of Utah Federal
Common Stock."
INDEMNIFICATION AND INSURANCE. Washington Mutual has agreed, from and
after the Effective Time, to indemnify the current and former directors,
officers and employees of Utah Federal as though they had been directors,
officers and/or employees of Washington Mutual or WMBfsb, for acts and omissions
occurring prior to and including the Effective Time. Washington Mutual and
WMBfsb have also agreed to use all reasonable efforts, in cooperation with Utah
Federal, to arrange for insurance coverage for officers and directors of Utah
Federal following the Effective Time with at least as much dollar coverage as
such officers and directors have under their current policy.
EMPLOYMENT ARRANGEMENT WITH GARRETT. Subsequent to the date of the
Merger Agreement, WMBfsb offered Mr. Garrett a position with WMBfsb as a
mortgage production manager and vice president of WMBfsb upon consummation of
the Merger and Mr. Garrett accepted the offer. Mr. Garrett's employment will be
at will and may be terminated at any time by WMBfsb or Mr. Garrett with or
without cause or advance notice. WMBfsb has guaranteed Mr. Garrett an annual
salary of $95,000 for his first year of employment. Thereafter, Mr. Garrett's
compensation will be based on Washington Mutual's standard incentive
compensation model. At any time during Mr. Garrett's first year of employment,
Mr. Garrett may choose to base his salary on the standard incentive model and
forego the guaranteed salary.
SEVERANCE PAYMENTS. The Merger Agreement provides that Washington
Mutual will make severance payments in certain circumstances (in an amount equal
to one-half month's salary for each year of service with Utah Federal up to a
maximum of six months' total pay) to any officer of Utah Federal whose
employment is terminated without "cause" within one year after the Effective
Date. These severance payments are not available to Mr. Garrett, the President
and Chief Executive Officer of Utah Federal, in the event he receives payment
pursuant to his employment agreement with Utah Federal. In addition to the above
described severance payments, Mr. Petersen, the treasurer and controller of Utah
Federal, and Georgia S. Goodell, the corporate secretary and
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<PAGE> 36
director of human resources of Utah Federal, will each be paid an amount equal
to three times his or her current monthly salary if such person remains with
Utah Federal until the Effective Date. L. Brent Hoggan, the Executive Vice
President and Legal Counsel, will receive $1,000 per month for three months
after closing pursuant to his agreement to provide certain transition services.
RETENTION BONUS FOR UTAH FEDERAL EMPLOYEES. Subsequent to the date of
the Merger Agreement, WMBfsb made an offer to all Utah Federal officers and
employees, other than Utah Federal's President and Executive Vice President,
that, as a condition of and as an incentive to each such employee remaining an
employee of Utah Federal until the Effective Date and an employee of WMBfsb
(with such employee continuing in his or her former duties and position as with
Utah Federal) after the Effective Date until the successful conversion to
Washington Mutual systems, WMBfsb will pay such employee a retention bonus of
one months' salary plus one weeks' salary for each calendar month or partial
calendar month from the Effective Time to such employee's job-end date. In lieu
of the above-described retention bonus, Mr. Petersen and Ms. Goodell will each
receive a retention bonus of one weeks' salary for each calendar month or
partial calendar month from the Effective Time to such employee's job-end date.
A retention bonus will not be paid to any employee terminated for cause or for
other performance-related reasons or to any employee voluntarily leaving prior
to the job-end date. The retention bonus is independent of and in addition to
any other payments any such employee might be entitled to under the Merger
Agreement.
AFFILIATE LETTERS
As a condition to the execution of the Merger Agreement, each director
and executive officer of Utah Federal (collectively, the "Affiliates"),
beneficially owning in the aggregate 137,919 shares of Utah Federal Common Stock
approximately 97.13 percent of the shares of Utah Federal Common Stock
outstanding as of the Record Date) has delivered to Washington Mutual an
Affiliate Letter, pursuant to which, among other things, the Affiliates agreed
to vote the shares of Utah Federal Common Stock held by them in favor of
approval of the Merger Agreement. In addition, pursuant to the Affiliate
Letters, each Affiliate agreed, with certain limited exceptions, not to (i) sell
or otherwise dispose of any shares of Utah Federal Common Stock or Washington
Mutual Common Stock during the period from 30 days preceding the Effective Date
until such time as consolidated financial results covering at least 30 days of
post-Merger combined operations of Washington Mutual and Utah Federal have been
published, or (ii) sell or transfer any shares of Utah Federal Common Stock
except in transactions in which the ultimate beneficial owner will acquire fewer
than 1,000 shares. The Affiliate Letters do not restrict any director or officer
of Utah Federal from voting on any matter, or otherwise from acting, in his or
her capacity as a director or officer with respect to any matters, including but
not limited to, the general management or overall operation of Utah Federal or
any other exercise of fiduciary responsibilities.
The Affiliate Letters are intended to preserve treatment of the Merger
as a pooling-of-interests for accounting purposes and to increase the likelihood
that the Merger will be consummated according to the terms set forth in the
Merger Agreement and may discourage competing acquisition offers for Utah
Federal.
REGULATORY APPROVALS
The Merger is subject to the approval of the OTS under the Home Owners'
Loan Act. The Community Reinvestment Act of 1978 ("CRA") also requires that the
OTS, in deciding whether to approve the Merger, assess the record of performance
of Utah Federal and the bank subsidiaries of Washington Mutual in meeting the
credit needs of the communities they serve, including low and moderate income
neighborhoods.
Washington Mutual has submitted an application seeking OTS approval of
the Merger. On July 18, 1996, the OTS approved the Merger. Pursuant to the OTS
approval, the Merger must be consummated on or before the 120th day after date
of the approval. If the Merger is not consummated within such period, Washington
Mutual will request an extension from OTS. While there can be no assurance that
such request will be granted, Washington Mutual believes that the OTS will
respond positively to a request for an extension.
Washington Mutual and Utah Federal are not aware of any other
governmental approvals that are required for consummation of the Merger except
as described above. Should any other approval or action be required, it
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<PAGE> 37
is presently contemplated that such approval would be sought. There can be no
assurance whether or when any such approval, if required, could be obtained.
FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES
The Merger is expected to constitute a "reorganization" under the Code.
The following discussion summarizes the material federal income tax consequences
relating to the Merger, assuming the Merger is so treated. No ruling from the
Internal Revenue Service (the "IRS") will be applied for with respect to the
federal income tax consequences of the Merger. THERE CAN BE NO ASSURANCE THAT
THE IRS WILL AGREE WITH THE CONCLUSIONS SET FORTH IN THIS PROXY
STATEMENT/PROSPECTUS.
Consummation of the Merger is conditioned upon, among other things,
receipt by Utah Federal and Washington Mutual of an opinion from Foster Pepper &
Shefelman, counsel to Washington Mutual, dated as of the Effective Date,
substantially to the effect that the Merger will qualify as a "reorganization"
for federal income tax purposes and that the attendant tax consequences will be
as discussed below. Such opinion is conditioned upon the continued accuracy of
certain factual representations made by Washington Mutual, Utah Federal and
Ernest J. Miller. The opinion will not, however, be binding upon the IRS or the
courts.
Gain or loss will not be recognized by Utah Federal Shareholders on the
exchange of their shares of Utah Federal Common Stock solely for Washington
Mutual Common Stock in the Merger.
Each Utah Federal Shareholder who receives cash in lieu of a fractional
share of Washington Mutual Common Stock and each Utah Federal Shareholder who
receives cash in connection with the perfection of dissenters' rights will be
treated as receiving a distribution in redemption of such share interest. In
general, such distribution in redemption will be treated as a payment in
exchange for such share interest, subject to the provisions and limitations of
Code Section 302 (which in certain circumstances could result in the receipt of
cash being treated as a dividend). If treated as a payment in exchange for such
share interest, gain or loss will be measured by the difference between the tax
basis allocable to the fractional share, or of the dissenters' shares tendered,
as the case may be, and the amount of cash received therefor. Such gain or loss
will be a capital gain or loss if the Utah Federal Common Stock was held as a
capital asset as of the Effective Date.
The gain or loss will be treated as a long-term capital gain or loss if
the Utah Federal Common Stock that resulted in the receipt of such cash was held
by the shareholder for more than one year, and otherwise will be short-term
capital gain or loss.
The aggregate tax basis of the Washington Mutual Common Stock received
by each Utah Federal Shareholder in the Merger will equal the aggregate tax
basis of such shareholder's Utah Federal Common Stock exchanged therefore,
reduced by the basis of the Utah Federal Common Stock allocable to any
fractional share of Washington Mutual Common Stock in lieu of which cash is
received. The holding period for the Washington Mutual Common Stock received by
each shareholder in the Merger will include the period the shareholder held the
Utah Federal Common Stock exchanged therefore, provided such shares of Utah
Federal Common Stock were held as capital assets at the Effective Time.
The cash payments, if any, due holders of Utah Federal Common Stock
(other than certain exempt entities and persons) pursuant to the Merger will be
subject to a 31 percent backup withholding tax by the Exchange Agent under
federal income tax law unless certain requirements are met. Generally, the
Exchange Agent will be required to deduct and withhold the tax if (i) the
shareholder fails to furnish a taxpayer identification number ("TIN") to the
Exchange Agent or fails to certify under penalty of perjury that such TIN is
correct, (ii) the IRS notifies the Exchange Agent that the shareholder has
failed to report interest, dividends or original issue discount in the past, or
(iii) there has been a failure by the shareholder to certify under penalty of
perjury that such shareholder is not subject to the 31 percent backup
withholding tax. Any amounts withheld by the Exchange Agent in collection of the
31 percent backup withholding tax will generally be treated as a credit against
the federal income tax liability of the shareholder from whom such tax was
withheld. The TIN of an individual shareholder is the shareholder's Social
Security Number.
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<PAGE> 38
THE FOREGOING CONSTITUTES ONLY A GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE FEDERAL
INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES OF THE MERGER TO UTAH FEDERAL SHAREHOLDERS UNDER
CURRENTLY EXISTING FEDERAL INCOME TAX LAWS, WITHOUT CONSIDERATION OF THE
PARTICULAR FACTS AND CIRCUMSTANCES OF EACH SHAREHOLDER'S SITUATION. EACH UTAH
FEDERAL SHAREHOLDER IS URGED TO CONSULT HIS OR HER OWN TAX AND FINANCIAL ADVISOR
AS TO SUCH SHAREHOLDER'S OWN SITUATION, INCLUDING ANY ESTATE, GIFT, STATE, LOCAL
OR FOREIGN TAX CONSEQUENCES ARISING OUT OF THE MERGER AND/OR ANY SALE THEREAFTER
OF WASHINGTON MUTUAL COMMON STOCK RECEIVED IN THE MERGER.
ACCOUNTING TREATMENT
The Merger, if completed as proposed, will be treated as a
pooling-of-interests for accounting purposes. Accordingly, under generally
accepted accounting principles, the assets and liabilities of Utah Federal will
be recorded on the books of Washington Mutual at their values on the books of
Utah Federal at the time of consummation of the Merger. No goodwill is created
in a merger that is accounted for as a pooling-of-interests.
DISSENTERS' RIGHTS
If the Merger is consummated pursuant to regulations promulgated by the
OTS, any Utah Federal Shareholder who (i) objects to the Merger, (ii) does not
vote any of such holders' shares in favor of the Merger, and (iii) fully
complies with all of the provisions of 12 C.F.R. Section 552.14, the Dissenter
and Appraisal Rights Regulation, will be entitled to demand and receive payment
in an amount equal to the fair or appraised value of such holders' shares of
Utah Federal Common Stock. For the purpose of determining the amount to be
received in connection with the exercise of dissenters' rights pursuant to OTS
regulations, the fair value of a dissenting shareholder's Utah Federal Common
Stock equals the fair market value of such shares as of the Effective Date,
without considering any value arising from the accomplishment or expectation of
the Merger.
Any Utah Federal Shareholder desiring to receive payment of the fair or
appraised value of such holders' Utah Federal Common Stock under the Dissenter
and Appraisal Rights Regulation must (i) deliver to Utah Federal, prior to
voting on the Merger, a writing identifying such holder and stating such
holder's intention to demand appraisal of and payment for such holder's shares
and (ii) not vote such holder's shares of Utah Federal Common Stock in favor of
the Merger. Any written notice of intent to demand appraisal of and payment for
shares of Utah Federal Common Stock must be sent to: Utah Federal Savings Bank,
a federal savings bank, 2279 Washington Blvd., Ogden, Utah 84401, Attention: L.
Brent Hoggan, Executive Vice President. A vote against the Merger alone will not
satisfy the requirements for the separate written notice referred to in
condition (i) above. Rather, such written notice must be prior and in addition
to and separate from any proxy or vote against the Merger by the dissenting
shareholder.
Within 10 days after the Effective Date, WMBfsb must give written
notice of the Effective Date by mail to any Utah Federal Shareholder who
complied with the provisions of the Dissenter and Appraisal Rights Regulation
described above and make a written offer to each such Utah Federal Shareholder
to pay for such holder's shares at a price Washington Mutual estimates to be the
fair value of the shares. It is the current intention of Washington Mutual to
use the per share book value of Utah Federal as of June 30, 1996 as its estimate
of the per share fair market value of the Utah Federal shares, which per share
value was $81.99. Such notice and offer must be accompanied by Utah Federal's
balance sheet and statement of income for a fiscal year ending not more than 16
months before the date of notice and offer, together with the latest available
interim financial statements and a statement of the procedures that must be
followed if the shareholder elects to demand appraisal and payment of a
different amount than that offered.
If within 60 days of the Effective Date the dissenting shareholder
accepts Washington Mutual's offer of the fair value for such holder's shares, or
the fair value as otherwise agreed upon between Washington Mutual's and the
dissenting shareholder, Washington Mutual must make payment for the dissenting
shareholder's shares within 90 days of the Effective Date. At any time within 60
days of the Effective Date, a dissenting shareholder may withdraw a demand for
appraisal and accept the terms of the Merger, and such shares of Utah Federal
Common
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<PAGE> 39
Stock will become shares of Washington Mutual Common Stock in accordance with
the terms of the Merger Agreement.
If the dissenting shareholder and Washington Mutual do not agree as to
the fair value of the dissenting shareholder's shares within 60 days of the
Effective Date, the dissenting shareholder may file a petition with the Office
of Thrift Supervision, 1700 G Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20552, with a copy
by registered or certified mail to Washington Mutual, demanding a determination
of the fair market value of the shares of all such shareholders. Each
shareholder demanding appraisal of and payment for such holder's shares of Utah
Federal Common Stock in compliance with the Dissenter and Appraisal Rights
Regulation must deliver such holder's shares of Utah Federal Common Stock to the
Exchange Agent, for notation thereon that an appraisal proceeding is pending. If
a dissenting shareholder fails to file a petition with the OTS demanding a
determination of fair value within 60 days of the Effective Date or fails to
deliver such holder's shares of Utah Federal Common Stock to the Exchange Agent
within 60 days of the Effective Date, such dissenting shareholder will be deemed
to have accepted the terms of the Merger, and such shareholder's shares of Utah
Federal Common Stock will become shares of Washington Mutual Common Stock in
accordance with the terms of the Merger Agreement.
The director of the OTS (the "Director") will appoint either
appropriate OTS staff or one or more independent persons to determine the
appraised value of the shares of a dissenting shareholder who has complied fully
with the Dissenter and Appraisal Rights Regulation. Appraisals prepared by
independent persons will be subject to review by OTS staff. If the Director
concurs with the appraisal, the Director will direct payment of the appraised
value of the shares upon surrender of the certificates representing such shares,
together with interest from the Effective Date at a rate the Director deems
equitable. The Director, in his or her discretion, may apportion or assess the
cost of the appraisal proceeding against some or all of the parties to the
proceeding. Dissenting shareholders who have given written notice of their
intent to dissent are not entitled to receive dividends or to exercise voting
rights with respect to either Utah Federal Common Stock or Washington Mutual
Common Stock unless and until such shareholders accept or are deemed to have
accepted the terms of the Merger Agreement.
The foregoing does not purport to be a complete statement of the
provisions of the Dissenter and Appraisal Rights Regulation and is qualified in
its entirety by the full text of the Dissenter and Appraisal Rights Regulation
which is reproduced in Appendix D to this Proxy Statement/Prospectus.
RESALES OF WASHINGTON MUTUAL COMMON STOCK BY UTAH FEDERAL SHAREHOLDERS
The shares of Washington Mutual Common Stock issuable to shareholders
of Utah Federal upon consummation of the Merger have been registered under the
Securities Act. Such shares may be traded freely and without restriction by
those shareholders not deemed to be "affiliates" of Utah Federal or Washington
Mutual as that term is defined in the rules and regulations under the Securities
Act. These rules and regulations generally define "affiliates" as persons who
control, are controlled by, or are under common control with, Utah Federal at
the time of the Special Meeting (generally, executive officers, directors and
certain beneficial owners). Such persons may not sell their Washington Mutual
Common Stock acquired in connection with the Merger, except pursuant to an
effective registration statement under the Securities Act covering such shares
or in compliance with Rule 145 or another applicable exemption from the
registration requirements of the Securities Act. In general, under Rule 145, for
two years following the Effective Time, an affiliate (together with certain
related persons) would be entitled to sell Washington Mutual Common Stock
acquired in connection with the Merger only through unsolicited "broker
transactions" or in transactions directly with a "market maker," as such terms
are defined in Rule 144. Additionally, the number of shares to be sold by an
affiliate (together with certain related persons and certain persons acting in
concert) within any three-month period for purposes of Rule 145 may not exceed
the greater of one percent of the outstanding shares of Washington Mutual Common
Stock or the average weekly trading volume of such stock during the four
calendar weeks preceding such sale. Rule 145 would remain available to
affiliates, however, only if Washington Mutual remained current with its
informational filings with the Commission under the Exchange Act. Two years
after the Effective Time, an affiliate would be able to sell such Washington
Mutual Common Stock without such manner of sale or volume limitations provided
that Washington Mutual was current with its Exchange Act informational filings
and such affiliate was not then an affiliate of Washington Mutual. Three years
after the Effective Time, an affiliate would be able to sell such Washington
Mutual Common Stock
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<PAGE> 40
without any restrictions so long as such affiliate had not been an affiliate of
Washington Mutual for at least three months prior thereto.
THE MERGER AGREEMENT
EFFECTIVE DATE AND TIME OF THE MERGER
The Merger will become effective at the time of the endorsement of the
articles of combination by the OTS or at such later time after such endorsement
as is specified by the OTS on the endorsement of articles of combination. As
used herein, the term "Effective Date" means the day on which the Effective Time
occurs. The parties are unable to predict when or if the Effective Time will
occur.
CONDITIONS TO THE MERGER
The obligations of Utah Federal and Washington Mutual to consummate the
Merger are subject to, among other things, the satisfaction of the following
conditions: (i) the approval of the Merger and the Merger Agreement by the
requisite vote of Utah Federal Shareholders; (ii) the receipt of all applicable
regulatory and governmental approvals and consents and the expiration of all
statutory and regulatory waiting periods; (iii) the absence of any order, decree
or injunction of a court or agency of competent jurisdiction that enjoins or
prohibits the consummation of the Merger; (iv) receipt of an opinion of counsel
to Washington Mutual to the effect that the Merger will qualify as a
"reorganization" as defined by the Code and that Utah Federal Shareholders will
not recognize any gain or loss for federal income tax purposes (with the
exception of cash paid for fractional shares or cash paid as a result of any
Utah Federal Shareholder perfecting dissenters' rights) as a result of the
Merger; (v) compliance with applicable pre-merger notification provisions of
Section 7A of the Clayton Act and the absence of pending or threatened
proceedings under any applicable antitrust law of the states of Utah and
Washington; and (vi) the effectiveness of the Registration Statement and the
absence of any stop order suspending the effectiveness thereof or any
proceedings for that purpose initiated by the Commission.
The obligation of Washington Mutual to consummate the Merger is subject
to the satisfaction or waiver of certain additional conditions, including,
without limitation, the following: (i) the continued accuracy of representations
and warranties of Utah Federal and the performance by Utah Federal of its
covenants and agreements made in the Merger Agreement, except where the failure
of such representations and warranties to be accurate or the failure to perform
such covenants or agreements will not, in the aggregate, have a negative
economic effect of $250,000 or more on Utah Federal or, when adjusted to present
value, have such an effect on Washington Mutual; (ii) the receipt of all
regulatory and governmental consents, waivers, clearances, approvals and
authorizations required in connection with the transactions contemplated by the
Merger Agreement without the imposition of any condition that (a) has not
normally been imposed in such transactions and would have a material adverse
effect on Utah Federal or Washington Mutual or (b) would require Washington
Mutual to contribute additional capital to WMBfsb other than to raise its
leverage capital ratio to a level no higher than five percent (as adjusted to
account for the Merger); (iii) the receipt of an opinion, dated the date of the
closing, from Graham & Dunn, counsel to Utah Federal; (iv) the absence of any
material adverse change in the overall financial condition, businesses or
results of operations of Utah Federal; (v) the receipt of resignations of the
directors of Utah Federal; (vi) the receipt of an indemnification agreement from
Ernest J. Miller, the Chairman of the Board, Director, and majority shareholder
of Utah Federal; (vii) evidence that dissenters' rights have not been preserved
with respect to more than five percent of the outstanding shares of Utah Federal
Common Stock and that each person who executed an Affiliate Letter has voted in
favor of the Merger; (viii) the receipt of statements from Utah Federal setting
forth all costs and expenses paid or owed to third parties by Utah Federal in
connection with the consummation of the Merger; and (ix) the receipt of a
certificate of officers of Utah Federal and such other documents necessary to
evidence fulfillment of the conditions precedent to the closing of the Merger.
The obligation of Utah Federal to consummate the Merger is subject to
the satisfaction or waiver of certain additional conditions, including, without
limitation, the following: (i) the continued accuracy of the representations and
warranties of Washington Mutual and WMBfsb, except where the failure to be
accurate would not have a material adverse effect on Washington Mutual, and the
performance by Washington Mutual and WMBfsb of their
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covenants and agreements made in the Merger Agreement; (ii) the receipt of an
opinion, dated the date of closing, from Foster Pepper & Shefelman, counsel to
Washington Mutual; (iii) the absence of any material adverse change in the
overall financial condition, businesses or results of operations of Washington
Mutual; (iv) the receipt of a certificate of officers of Washington Mutual and
such other documents necessary to evidence fulfillment of the conditions
precedent to the closing of the Merger; (v) the receipt of a fairness opinion
from CFA, dated the date of this Proxy Statement/Prospectus; and (vi) the
receipt by Washington Mutual's transfer agent at least two days prior to closing
of instructions with respect to the issuance of Washington Mutual Common Stock
to the Utah Federal Shareholders.
BUSINESS OF UTAH FEDERAL PENDING THE MERGER
Under the Merger Agreement, until the Effective Time, Utah Federal is
generally obligated to conduct its business in the ordinary course and
consistent with past practice and prudent banking practice. In addition, Utah
Federal has agreed to use its best efforts to preserve its business
organizations, keep available the present services of its employees and preserve
the goodwill of its customers and other business relationships. The Merger
Agreement also provides that, prior to the Effective Time, except as otherwise
consented to by Washington Mutual, as permitted by the Merger Agreement or as
required by law, Utah Federal will not: (i) change any provisions of its
articles of incorporation or bylaws; (ii) change the number of shares of its
authorized or issued capital stock, except upon the exercise of certain existing
stock options; (iii) issue, grant or amend any options, warrants or other rights
to purchase capital stock; (iv) split, combine or reclassify any shares of its
capital stock; (v) declare, set aside or pay any dividends or other
distributions on its capital stock; (vi) redeem or otherwise acquire any shares
of its capital stock; (viii) grant any severance or termination pay to or enter
into or amend any employment agreement with or increase the amount of payments
or fees to its employees, officers or directors; (ix) make capital expenditures
in excess of $40,000 per project or $200,000 in the aggregate; (x) open, close
or relocate any branches or make application to do so; (xi) change in any
material manner its lending, pricing, approval, investment or asset/liability
management policies or any other material banking policies; (xii) make loans or
issue loan commitments other than in the ordinary course of business consistent
with past practice at rates not less than prevailing market rates; (xiii) issue
letters of credit or otherwise guarantee the obligations of any other person
except in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice; (xiv)
acquire, sell, transfer, assign, encumber or otherwise dispose of assets other
than in the ordinary course of business; (xv) enter into, amend or terminate
certain contracts having a term of one year or more or calling for the payment
of $25,000 or more; (xvi) engage or participate in any material transaction or
incur or sustain any material obligation except as one in the ordinary course of
business consistent with past practice; (xvii) make any contributions to any
benefit plans except in amounts consistent with past practice; (xviii) increase
the number of Utah Federal's full-time employees above 84; (xix) foreclose upon
or otherwise acquire any real property (other than 1-to-4 family residential
properties in the ordinary course of business); or (xx) agree to do any of the
foregoing.
WAIVER AND AMENDMENT
At any time prior to the consummation of the Merger, the parties to the
Merger Agreement may (i) amend the Merger Agreement, (ii) extend the time for
the performance of any of the obligations or other acts of any other party
thereto, (iii) waive any inaccuracies in the representations and warranties of
any other party contained therein or in any document delivered pursuant thereto,
or (iv) waive compliance with any of the agreements or conditions contained
therein; provided, however, that after any approval of the Merger by the Utah
Federal Shareholders, there may not be, without further approval of such
shareholders, any amendment or waiver of the Merger Agreement that reduces the
amount or changes the form of the Merger Consideration to be delivered to the
Utah Federal Shareholders.
TERMINATION
The Merger Agreement may be terminated at any time prior to the
Effective Time, whether before or after approval of the Merger by the Utah
Federal Shareholders:
(a) by mutual written consent of all the parties to the Merger
Agreement;
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(b) by any party to the Merger Agreement (i) if the Effective Time has
not occurred on or prior to December 31, 1996 unless the failure of such
occurrence is due to the failure of the party seeking to terminate the Merger
Agreement to perform or observe its agreements and conditions set forth in the
Merger Agreement; or (ii) 31 days after the date on which any application for
regulatory approval prerequisite to the consummation of the Merger has been
denied or withdrawn at the request of the applicable regulatory authority;
provided, that, if prior to the expiration of such 31-day period Washington
Mutual is engaged in litigation or an appeal procedure relating to an attempt to
obtain such approval, Utah Federal may not terminate the Merger Agreement until
the earlier of (A) December 31, 1996 and (B) 31 days after the completion of
such litigation and appeal procedures, and of any further regulatory or judicial
action pursuant thereto, including any further action by a government agency as
a result of any judicial remand, order or directive or otherwise; or (iii) 10
days after written certification of the vote of the Utah Federal Shareholders is
delivered to Washington Mutual indicating that the Utah Federal Shareholders
failed to approve the Merger at the Special Meeting (or any adjournment
thereof);
(c) by Washington Mutual if (i) at the time of such termination there
has been a material adverse change in the consolidated financial condition of
Utah Federal from that set forth in Utah Federal's financial statements for the
three-month period ended December 31, 1995 (except for changes resulting from
market and economic conditions that generally affect the savings bank industry
as a whole, including changes in regulation); (ii) there has been any material
breach of any covenant of Utah Federal under the Merger Agreement and such
breach has not been remedied within 45 days after receipt by Utah Federal of
notice in writing from Washington Mutual specifying the nature of such breach
and requesting that it be remedied; (iii) Utah Federal or the Utah Federal Board
enters into an agreement or recommends to the Utah Federal Shareholders an
agreement (other than the Merger Agreement) pursuant to which any person or
group would (A) merge or consolidate with, acquire 51 percent or more of the
assets or liabilities of, or enter into any similar transaction with Utah
Federal or (B) acquire 10 percent or more of the voting shares of Utah Federal
(unless the person or group acquires less than 25 percent of the voting shares
of Utah Federal, and the transaction does not result in and is not presumed to
constitute "control" by the OTS); (iv) any person or group (other than
Washington Mutual, WMBfsb or any other person owning 10 percent of Utah Federal
as of February 29, 1996) acquires the beneficial ownership of securities which,
when aggregated with other securities, represents 10 percent or more of the
voting shares of Utah Federal; (v) the Utah Federal Board withdraws its
recommendation that Utah Federal Shareholders vote for approval of the Merger;
or (vi) the Utah Federal Shareholders fail to approve the Merger after any
person or group announces publicly or communicates, in writing, to Utah Federal
a proposal to (A) acquire Utah Federal (by merger, consolidation or purchase of
51 percent of its assets), (B) purchase or otherwise acquire securities
representing 25 percent of the voting shares of Utah Federal or (C) change the
composition of the Utah Federal Board; or
(d) by Utah Federal if (i) at the time of such termination there has
been a material adverse change in the consolidated financial condition of
Washington Mutual from that set forth in Washington Mutual's Annual Report on
Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1995 (except for changes resulting
from market and economic conditions that generally affect the savings bank
industry as a whole); (ii) there has been any material breach of any covenant of
Washington Mutual or WMBfsb under the Merger Agreement and such breach has not
been remedied within 45 days after receipt by Washington Mutual of notice in
writing from Utah Federal specifying the nature of such breach and requesting
that it be remedied; or (iii) the directors of Utah Federal, after receiving
advice of counsel, determine in their good faith judgment, in order to discharge
their fiduciary duties, to withdraw or modify or resolve to withdraw or modify
their recommendation that Utah Federal Shareholders vote in favor of the Merger.
BREAK-UP FEES
As part of the Merger Agreement, Washington Mutual and Utah Federal
agreed to pay liquidated damages to each other under certain circumstances. To
compensate Utah Federal for certain costs incurred in connection with the Merger
and to induce Utah Federal to forego initiating discussions with other potential
acquirors Washington Mutual will pay to Utah Federal $200,000 on demand if: (i)
Washington Mutual terminates the Merger Agreement for any reason other than the
mutual consent of the parties, expiration of the term for the occurrence of the
Effective Time for the Merger Agreement, any material change in the financial
condition of Utah Federal, or any material breach of any covenant by Utah
Federal that is not remedied within 45 days after receipt by Utah Federal of
written notice from Washington Mutual of such breach; (ii) the Merger Agreement
terminates because Washington Mutual or WMBfsb did not use all reasonable
efforts to consummate the Merger; or (iii) Utah Federal
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<PAGE> 43
terminates the Merger Agreement because of a material breach of any covenant by
Washington Mutual that is not remedied within 45 days after receipt by
Washington Mutual of written notice from Utah Federal of such breach.
To compensate Washington Mutual for certain costs incurred in
connection with the Merger and to induce it to forego initiating discussions
regarding other potential acquisitions Utah Federal will pay to Washington
Mutual $200,000 on demand, and in addition Washington Mutual will be entitled to
receive any benefits under the Stock Option Agreement if: (i) Utah Federal
terminates the Merger Agreement for any reason other than the mutual consent of
the parties, expiration of the term for the occurrence of the Effective Time for
the Merger Agreement, or any material change in the financial condition of
Washington Mutual; (ii) if the Merger Agreement terminates because Utah Federal
did not use all reasonable efforts to consummate the Merger; (iii) Utah Federal
or the Utah Federal Board enters into an agreement or recommends to the Utah
Federal Shareholders an agreement (other than the Merger Agreement) pursuant to
which any person or group would (A) merge or consolidate with, acquire 51
percent or more of the assets or liabilities of, or enter into any similar
transaction with Utah Federal or (B) acquire 10 percent or more of the voting
shares of Utah Federal (unless the person or group acquires less than 25 percent
of the voting shares of Utah Federal, and the transaction does not result in and
is not presumed to constitute "control" by the OTS); (iv) any person or group
(other than Washington Mutual, WMBfsb or any other person owning 10 percent of
Utah Federal as of February 29, 1996) acquires the beneficial ownership of
securities which, when aggregated with other securities, represents 10 percent
or more of the voting shares of Utah Federal; (v) the Utah Federal Board
withdraws its recommendation that Utah Federal Shareholders vote for approval of
the Merger; or (vi) the Utah Federal Shareholders fail to approve the Merger
after any person or group announces publicly or communicates, in writing, to
Utah Federal a proposal to (A) acquire Utah Federal (by merger, consolidation or
purchase of 51 percent of its assets), (B) purchase or otherwise acquire
securities representing 25 percent of the voting shares of Utah Federal or (C)
change the composition of the Utah Federal Board; or (vii) Washington Mutual
terminates the Merger Agreement because of a material breach of any covenant of
Utah Federal and such breach is not remedied within 45 days after receipt by
Utah Federal of notice in writing from Washington Mutual specifying the nature
of such breach and requesting that it be remedied; See "THE MERGER AGREEMENT --
Stock Option Agreement."
The liquidated damages described above could increase the likelihood
that the Merger will be consummated on the terms set forth in the Merger
Agreement.
STOCK OPTION AGREEMENT
As a condition to Washington Mutual entering into the Merger Agreement,
Utah Federal and Washington Mutual have entered into the Stock Option Agreement,
pursuant to which Utah Federal has granted to Washington Mutual the Option to
purchase an aggregate of 35,278 authorized and unissued shares of Utah Federal
Common Stock (which if issued would represent approximately 19.9 percent of the
total issued and outstanding shares of Utah Federal Common Stock) at a per share
price of $75.61, which was the per share book value of the Utah Federal Common
Stock at December 31, 1995. The Option will become exercisable under any of the
following circumstances: (i) Utah Federal or the Utah Federal Board enters into
an agreement or recommends to Utah Federal Shareholders an agreement (other than
the Merger Agreement) pursuant to which any person or group would (A) merge or
consolidate with, acquire 51 percent or more of the assets or liabilities of, or
enter into any similar transaction with Utah Federal or (B) acquire 10 percent
or more of the voting shares of Utah Federal; (ii) any person or group (other
than Washington Mutual, WMBfsb or any other person owning 10 percent of Utah
Federal as of February 29, 1996) acquires the beneficial ownership of securities
which when aggregated with other securities represent 10 percent or more of the
voting shares of Utah Federal (unless the person or group acquires less than 25
percent of the voting shares of Utah Federal, and the transaction does not
result in and is not presumed to constitute "control" by the OTS); (iii) the
Utah Federal Board withdraws its recommendation that Utah Federal Shareholders
vote for approval of the Merger; or (iv) the Utah Federal Shareholders fail to
approve the Merger after any person or group announces publicly or communicates,
in writing, to Utah Federal a proposal to (A) acquire Utah Federal (by merger,
consolidation or purchase of 51 percent of its assets), (B) purchase or
otherwise acquire securities representing 25 percent of the voting shares of
Utah Federal or (C) change the composition of the Utah Federal Board.
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The Stock Option Agreement and the Option will terminate upon the
earliest of (i) December 31, 1996; (ii) the mutual agreement of Utah Federal and
Washington Mutual; (iii) 31 days after the date on which any application for
regulatory approval for the Merger has been denied (provided, however, that if
prior to the expiration of such 31-day period, Utah Federal, Washington Mutual
or WMBfsb is engaged in litigation or an appeal procedure relating to an attempt
to obtain approval of the Merger, the Stock Option Agreement will not terminate
until the earlier of (a) December 31, 1996 or (b) 31 days after the completion
of such litigation and appeal procedure); (iv) the thirtieth day following the
termination of the Merger Agreement for any reason other than a material
noncompliance or default by Washington Mutual or WMBfsb with respect to its
obligations thereunder; or (v) the date of termination of the Merger Agreement
if such termination is due to a material noncompliance or default by Washington
Mutual or WMBfsb with respect to its obligations thereunder.
The foregoing summary of the terms of the Stock Option Agreement is not
intended to be complete and is subject to, and qualified in its entirety by
reference to, the copy of the Stock Option Agreement, which is attached as
Appendix C to this Proxy Statement/Prospectus.
The Stock Option Agreement is intended to increase the likelihood that
the Merger will be consummated in accordance with the terms of the Merger
Agreement, and may discourage persons from proposing a competing offer to
acquire Utah Federal. The existence of the Stock Option Agreement could
significantly increase the cost to a potential acquiror of acquiring Utah
Federal, compared to its cost had Utah Federal not entered into the Stock Option
Agreement.
EXCHANGE OF STOCK CERTIFICATES
Promptly after the Effective Date, the Exchange Agent will mail written
transmittal materials concerning the exchange of stock certificates to each
record holder of shares of Utah Federal Common Stock outstanding at the
Effective Date. The transmittal materials will contain instructions with respect
to the proper method of surrender of certificates that immediately prior to the
Effective Date represented shares of Utah Federal Common Stock in exchange for
the Merger Consideration. UTAH FEDERAL SHAREHOLDERS SHOULD NOT SEND STOCK
CERTIFICATES AT THIS TIME.
Upon surrender to the Exchange Agent of certificates formerly
representing shares of Utah Federal Common Stock for cancellation, together with
properly completed transmittal material, an Utah Federal Shareholder will be
entitled to receive the number of shares of Washington Mutual Common Stock (and
cash in lieu of any fractional shares of Washington Mutual Common Stock) to
which such holder is entitled as Merger Consideration. Utah Federal Shareholders
will not be entitled to receive interest on any cash payment received in the
Merger.
Until surrendered, each certificate that, prior to the Effective Date,
represented Utah Federal Common Stock (other than shares delivered to Washington
Mutual after the Effective Date pursuant to the exercise of dissenters' rights)
will be deemed for all corporate purposes to evidence ownership of the number of
whole shares of Washington Mutual Common Stock into which the shares of Utah
Federal Common Stock formerly represented thereby were converted. All
certificates so surrendered will be cancelled. However, until surrendered, no
dividend payable to holders of record of Washington Mutual Common Stock will be
paid to any holder of such unsurrendered certificates. Upon surrender and
exchange of such outstanding certificates, the holder thereof will be paid,
without interest, the amount of any dividend or other distributions with a
record date occurring on or after the Effective Date, theretofore paid with
respect to whole shares of Washington Mutual Common Stock, but withheld with
respect to such shares. After the Effective Date, there will be no further
registration or transfers on the records of Utah Federal of outstanding
certificates formerly representing shares of Utah Federal Common Stock.
If any new certificate for Washington Mutual Common Stock is to be
issued in a name other than that in which the certificate surrendered in
exchange therefore is registered, the new certificate will not be issued unless
the certificate surrendered in exchange is properly endorsed and otherwise in
proper form for transfer. In addition, the person requesting such transfer must
pay any transfer or other taxes required by the issuance of a new certificate
for shares of Washington Mutual Common Stock to a person other than the
registered holder of the certificate surrendered, or must establish to the
satisfaction of the Exchange Agent that such tax has been paid or is not
payable.
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Fractional shares of Washington Mutual Common Stock will not be issued
in the Merger. Instead, each Utah Federal Shareholder who would otherwise be
entitled to a fractional share will receive cash in lieu thereof.
EFFECT ON EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS AND STOCK PLANS
Following the Merger, all employees of Utah Federal will continue as
at-will employees of WMBfsb. Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, Washington Mutual
will make severance payments under the Washington Mutual Severance Plan in
certain circumstances to any employee who is terminated "without cause" by
Washington Mutual, WMBfsb or any other subsidiary of Washington Mutual within
one year after the Effective Date, as follows: (i) non-officer employees will
receive one-half month's salary for each year of service, up to a maximum of
three months' total pay; (ii) officers will receive one-half month's salary for
each year of service, up to a maximum of six months' total pay; and (iii)
regular part-time employees will receive the same severance payments as
non-officer employees, computed at a per month compensation based on the average
number of hours worked per month with Utah Federal in 1995. Severance payments
will be made in a lump sum payment on the first regular pay date following the
date that termination is effective. Utah Federal employees who are terminated
"for cause" will not receive any severance payments.
These severance payments will not be available to Mr. Garrett, the
President and Chief Executive Officer of Utah Federal, in the event he receives
payment pursuant to his employment agreement with Utah Federal. In addition to
the severance benefits described above, Mr. Petersen, the treasurer and
controller of Utah Federal, and Ms. Goodell, the corporate secretary and
director of human resources of Utah Federal, will each be paid an amount equal
to three times his or her current monthly salary if such person remains with
Utah Federal until the Effective Date.
All officers and other employees of Utah Federal are entitled to
receive immediately prior to the Effective Time a bonus incentive payment for
the portion of the current year up to the Effective Time. Bonus incentive
payments will be paid to eligible officers and employees under either Utah
Federal's bonus incentive plan or a contract with Utah Federal (but not under
both) in amounts and otherwise in accordance with past practice. Eligibility to
receive such bonus payments will make such participant ineligible to participate
in any Washington Mutual or WMBfsb cash bonus or cash incentive plan for the
portion of 1996 up to the Effective Time.
All employees of Utah Federal who continue as employees of Washington
Mutual or WMBfsb after the Effective Date will generally receive service credit
for employment at Utah Federal under the Washington Mutual benefit plans
(however, under the Washington Mutual retirement plans this service credit is
limited to certain eligibility and vesting credit). Washington Mutual intends
that Utah Federal employees will become participants in all Washington Mutual
benefit plans as soon as reasonably practical after the Effective Date.
Employees of Utah Federal will be entitled to payment for all accrued but unused
vacation time. All sick pay and short-term disability accrued and not used by
Utah Federal employees before the Effective Time will be maintained by
Washington Mutual.
EXPENSES
All legal and other costs and expenses incurred in connection with the
Merger Agreement and the transactions contemplated thereby will be borne by the
party incurring such costs and expenses unless otherwise specified in the Merger
Agreement. In addition, pursuant to the Merger Agreement, if the transaction
fees incurred by Utah Federal in connection with the Merger exceed $200,000, the
Merger Consideration will be reduced by the amount of such excess divided by the
number of shares of Utah Federal Common Stock outstanding at the Effective Time.
Utah Federal currently expects that its costs and expenses for the Merger will
not exceed $200,000, but under certain circumstances may be as high as $250,000,
which would result in a downward adjustment to the Merger Consideration of up to
$0.35 per share. If the actual transaction fees are higher than $250,000
resulting in further downward adjustment to the Merger Consideration, Utah
Federal will resolicit its shareholders with respect to approval of the Merger
Agreement. See "THE MERGER -- General."
POST-MERGER DIVIDEND POLICY
Dividends may be paid on the Washington Mutual Common Stock as and when
declared by the Washington Mutual Board out of funds legally available for the
payment of dividends. Each quarter, the Washington Mutual
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<PAGE> 46
Board considers the payment of dividends. The factors affecting this
determination include Washington Mutual's long-term interests, current and
projected earnings, adequacy of capitalization, expected asset and deposit
growth as well as other financial conditions, legal, regulatory and contractual
restrictions, and tax considerations.
According to Washington law, Washington Mutual dividends may be paid
only if, after giving effect to the dividend, Washington Mutual will be able to
pay its debts as they become due in the ordinary course of business and
Washington Mutual's total assets will not be less than the sum of its total
liabilities plus the amount that would be needed, if Washington Mutual were to
be dissolved at the time of the dividend, to satisfy the preferential rights of
persons whose right to payment is superior to those receiving the dividend.
Washington Mutual's ability to pay dividends is also dependent on the ability of
WMBfsb, WMB and other subsidiary operations to pay dividends to Washington
Mutual. See "COMPARATIVE RIGHTS OF SHAREHOLDERS -- Dividend Rights."
The three series of outstanding Washington Mutual preferred stock
("Washington Mutual Preferred Stock") rank prior to the Washington Mutual Common
Stock and to all other classes and series of equity securities of Washington
Mutual, other than any classes or series of equity securities of Washington
Mutual ranking on a parity with the Washington Mutual Preferred Stock.
The right of holders of Washington Mutual Preferred Stock to receive
dividends is noncumulative. Accordingly, if the Washington Mutual Board fails to
declare a dividend on any dividend payment date, the holders of Washington
Mutual Preferred Stock will have no right to receive a dividend in respect of
the dividend period ending on such dividend payment date and Washington Mutual
will have no obligation to pay the dividend accrued for such period, whether or
not dividends are declared payable on any future dividend payment dates.
Full dividends on Washington Mutual Preferred Stock must be declared
and paid or set apart for payment for the most recent dividend period ended
before (i) any dividend (other than in Washington Mutual Common Stock) on stock
junior to the Washington Mutual Preferred Stock ("Junior Stock") may be declared
or paid or set aside for payment or other distribution made upon the Washington
Mutual Common Stock or on any other Junior Stock or (ii) Junior Stock is
redeemed (or any moneys are paid to or made available for a sinking fund for the
redemption of any share of any such stock) or any Junior Stock or stock on a
parity with Washington Mutual Preferred Stock ("Parity Stock") is purchased or
otherwise acquired by Washington Mutual for any consideration except by
conversion into or exchange for Junior Stock.
The Washington Mutual Board may issue Washington Mutual Preferred Stock
that is entitled to such dividend rights as the Washington Mutual Board may
determine, including priority over Washington Mutual Common Stock in the payment
of dividends.
COMPARATIVE RIGHTS OF SHAREHOLDERS
If the Merger is consummated, Utah Federal shareholders receiving
Washington Mutual Common Stock in the Merger will become shareholders of
Washington Mutual. The rights of holders of Utah Federal Common Stock are
governed by federal law, OTS Regulations and Utah Federal's Stock Charter and
Bylaws. As a federally chartered institution, Utah Federal is not generally
regulated or supervised by the state of Utah. The rights of holders of
Washington Mutual Common Stock are governed by the WBCA and the Articles of
Incorporation and Bylaws of Washington Mutual. Certain provisions of the
Washington Mutual Articles could render more difficult or discourage a merger,
tender offer, proxy contest or other attempt to obtain control of Washington
Mutual. The following is a summary of the material differences between the
rights of holders of Utah Federal Common Stock and the rights of holders of
Washington Mutual Common Stock. This summary does not purport to be a complete
discussion of and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the United States
Code, OTS Regulations, the WBCA, Washington Mutual's Articles of Incorporation
and Bylaws and Utah Federal's Stock Charter and Bylaws.
AUTHORIZED CAPITAL
WASHINGTON MUTUAL. Washington Mutual is authorized to issue 100,000,000
shares of Washington Mutual Common Stock and 10,000,000 shares of Preferred
Stock. As of October 31, 1996, Washington Mutual had
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<PAGE> 47
72,318,926 shares of Washington Mutual Common Stock issued and outstanding and
2,752,500 shares of 9.12% Noncumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series C
("Series C Preferred Stock"), 1,399,000 shares of $6.00 Noncumulative
Convertible Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series D ("Series D Preferred Stock") and
1,970,000 shares of 7.60% Noncumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series E
("Series E Preferred Stock") issued and outstanding. At October 31, 1996,
options to purchase 1,475,918 shares of Washington Mutual Common Stock under
Washington Mutual's stock option plans had been granted, but not exercised or
terminated and 3,132,500 shares were available for future grants under such
plans. In connection with the Keystone Transaction, Washington Mutual will hold
a special meeting of its shareholders for the purpose of asking its shareholders
to approve the Keystone Transaction and to approve an amendment to Washington
Mutual's Restated Articles of Incorporation increasing the number of authorized
shares of Washington Mutual Common Stock from 100,000,000 shares to 350,000,000
shares. Consummation of the Keystone Transaction is contingent on approval of
the amendment to Washington Mutual's Restated Articles of Incorporation.
UTAH FEDERAL. Utah Federal is authorized to issue 500,000 shares of
Utah Federal Common Stock, $10.00 par value per share and 50,000 shares of its
$21 noncumulative convertible-preferred stock, $10.00 par value per share. As of
the Record Date, there were 139,000 shares of Common Stock outstanding, held by
47 holders of record, and no shares of Preferred Stock outstanding. As of the
Record Date, options to purchase 3,000 shares of Utah Federal Common Stock under
the Option Plan had been granted but not exercised or terminated.
Pursuant to federal law and Utah Federal's Charter, the Utah Federal
Board may authorize the issuance of additional authorized shares of Utah Federal
capital stock without further action by Utah Federal's shareholders. Utah
Federal's Charter does not provide to the shareholders of Utah Federal
preemptive rights to purchase or subscribe to any unissued authorized shares of
Utah Federal capital stock or any option or warrant for the purchase thereof.
Under Utah Federal's Charter, no shares of capital stock may be issued
to officers, directors or controlling persons of Utah Federal other than as part
of a general public offering or as qualifying shares to a director, unless the
issuance or the plan under which such shares would be issued is approved by a
majority of the outstanding shares of Utah Federal.
VOTING RIGHTS
WASHINGTON MUTUAL. Each holder of Washington Mutual Common Stock is
entitled to one vote for each share held on all matters voted upon by
shareholders. Washington Mutual shareholders are not permitted to cumulate their
votes in the election of directors. The Washington Mutual Board is authorized to
determine the voting rights of any Washington Mutual Preferred Stock. None of
the Series C, D or E Preferred Stock has general voting rights. The holders of
Series C, D and E Preferred Stock have the right to elect two directors for
newly created directorships if dividends are not paid for six quarterly dividend
periods, whether or not consecutive.
UTAH FEDERAL. Pursuant to Utah Federal's Charter, each Utah Federal
shareholder is entitled to one vote for each share held on all matters voted
upon by shareholders. Utah Federal's Charter and Bylaws do not provide for Utah
Federal shareholders to cumulate their votes in the election of directors.
LIQUIDATION RIGHTS
WASHINGTON MUTUAL. In the event of the liquidation of Washington
Mutual, holders of Washington Mutual capital stock will be entitled to receive
any remaining assets of Washington Mutual, in cash or in kind, after payment of
all liabilities. In the event of liquidation, the Washington Mutual Series C, D
and E Preferred Stock ranks prior to the Washington Mutual Common Stock, and to
all other classes and series of equity securities of Washington Mutual other
than any classes or series of equities securities of Washington Mutual ranking
on a parity with the Washington Mutual Preferred Stock. The Washington Mutual
Preferred Stock is also subject to creation of additional Parity Stock and
Junior Stock to the extent not expressly prohibited by the Washington Mutual
Articles of Incorporation. The rights of the holders of Washington Mutual
Preferred Stock are subordinate to the rights of Washington Mutual's general
creditors, and there is no sinking fund with respect to Washington Mutual
Preferred Stock. The Washington Mutual Board is authorized to determine the
liquidation rights of any Washington Mutual Preferred Stock that may be issued
in the future, including priority over the liquidation rights of holders of
Washington Mutual Common Stock.
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UTAH FEDERAL. In the event of the liquidation of Utah Federal, Utah
Federal shareholders will be entitled to receive, any remaining assets of Utah
Federal, in cash or in kind, after payment of all liabilities, and any interest
in the liquidation account, to the extent it is still in existence.
DIVIDEND RIGHTS
WASHINGTON MUTUAL. Washington Mutual's ability to pay dividends to
shareholders is dependent on the ability of its subsidiaries to pay dividends to
Washington Mutual. Washington Mutual's most significant subsidiary, WMB, is
precluded by Washington law from paying dividends to Washington Mutual if to do
so would cause (i) the regulatory capital levels of WMB to be reduced below the
regulatory capital requirements or (ii) its net worth to be reduced below the
amount required for its liquidation accounts or any limits imposed by the
Director. In addition, WMBfsb is precluded from paying dividends that would
cause it to fail to meet OTS capital requirements. Washington law also provides
that dividends may be paid only if, after giving effect to the dividend,
Washington Mutual will be able to pay its debts as they become due in the
ordinary course of business and Washington Mutual's total assets will not be
less than the sum of its total liabilities plus the amount that would be needed,
if Washington Mutual were to be dissolved at the time of the dividend, to
satisfy the preferential rights of persons whose right to payment is superior to
those receiving the dividend. Assuming the Keystone Transaction is consummated,
ASB, as a subsidiary of Washington Mutual, will be subject to the same
restrictions on paying dividends as WMBfsb.
UTAH FEDERAL. OTS regulations permit Utah Federal to pay dividends on
its capital stock only from net income, earned surplus, or undivided profits and
do not permit Utah Federal to pay dividends if its capital would thereby be
reduced below specified levels, including the amount established by Utah Federal
for a liquidation account in connection with its conversion from mutual to stock
form and the capital requirements imposed on Utah Federal. In addition, the OTS
may prohibit any capital distribution that would otherwise be permitted under
the regulations, if the OTS determines that such a capital distribution would
constitute an unsafe or unsound practice.
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
WASHINGTON MUTUAL. Washington Mutual's Articles of Incorporation
provide that the Washington Mutual Board will consist of not less than five
members, with the exact number to be set by Washington Mutual's Bylaws. The
Washington Mutual Board currently consists of 13 members, divided into three
classes. Members of each class serve for three-year "staggered terms" pursuant
to which approximately one-third of the Washington Mutual Board is elected
annually. Vacancies on the Washington Mutual Board may be filled by the
affirmative vote of four-fifths of the remaining directors and any director so
appointed is to serve until the next annual meeting of shareholders. Washington
Mutual's Articles of Incorporation provide that a director may be removed by the
Washington Mutual shareholders only with good cause. The Washington Mutual
Board will be increased to 15 members prior to the consummation of the Keystone
Transaction, assuming no vacancies are created on the Washington Mutual Board
prior to such time. Pursuant to the Keystone Merger Agreement, two additional
members will be appointed to the Washington Mutual Board who will be mutually
agreeable to Mr. Bass and Washington Mutual. See "APPENDIX F - THE KEYSTONE
TRANSACTION - MANAGEMENT AND OPERATIONS OF WASHINGTON MUTUAL AFTER THE KEYSTONE
TRANSACTION - Board of Directors."
UTAH FEDERAL. Utah Federal's Charter provides that the Utah Federal
Board will consist of not less than five nor more than 15 members with the exact
number to be set by Utah Federal's Bylaws. Utah Federal's Board consists of six
members. Under Utah Federal's Bylaws, Utah Federal's Board is divided into three
classes, with each class as nearly equal in number as possible. Members of each
class serve for a three-year term and one class is elected by ballot annually.
Vacancies on the Utah Federal Board may be filled by the affirmative vote of a
majority of the remaining directors and any director so elected is to serve
until the next annual meeting of shareholders. Pursuant to OTS regulations and
Utah Federal's Bylaws, any director may be removed for cause by a vote of the
holders of the majority of the shares then entitled to vote in an election of
directors at a meeting of shareholders called expressly for that purpose.
AMENDMENTS OF ARTICLES AND BYLAWS
WASHINGTON MUTUAL. Washington Mutual's Articles of Incorporation may be
amended by a vote of its shareholders representing two-thirds of its issued
capital stock; provided, however, that Article XI, relating to business
combinations, may not be repealed or amended unless such action is approved by
holders of at least 95 percent of the outstanding stock or other securities
entitled to vote upon any action to be taken in connection with any business
combination or entitled to vote generally in the election of directors,
including stock convertible into such stock, ("Voting Stock") beneficially owned
by shareholders other than a Major Stockholder. The term "Major Stockholder"
means generally any individual, corporation, partnership or other person, group
or entity, together
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with its affiliates and associates and persons acting in concert with it, that
is the beneficial owner of five percent or more of the Voting Stock of
Washington Mutual. The Washington Mutual Board also may amend the Articles of
Incorporation for the purpose of determining the rights, preferences, voting
powers, privileges and other rights of each new series of authorized Washington
Mutual Preferred Stock that may be issued. The Washington Mutual Board has the
power to amend or repeal Washington Mutual's Bylaws, subject to the concurrent
power of the Washington Mutual shareholders, by at least two-thirds affirmative
vote of the shares of Washington Mutual entitled to vote thereon.
UTAH FEDERAL. Under OTS regulations and Utah Federal's Charter, subject
to certain exceptions, no amendment or repeal thereof may be made unless first
proposed by the Board and then preliminarily approved by the OTS, which
preliminary approval may be granted by the OTS pursuant to regulations
specifying pre-approved Charter amendments. Under Utah Federal's Charter, any
amendment or repeal of the Utah Federal Charter must be approved by Utah Federal
shareholders by a majority of the total votes eligible to be cast at a legal
meeting. Utah Federal's Bylaws provide that they may be amended at any time by a
majority vote of the full Board or by a majority of the votes cast by Utah
Federal shareholders at any legal meeting. Certain amendments to Utah Federal's
Bylaws also must be approved by the OTS.
ANTI-TAKEOVER PROVISIONS
WASHINGTON MUTUAL.
Classified Board of Directors. Article IV of Washington Mutual's
Articles of Incorporation provides that the Washington Mutual Board is to be
divided into three classes as nearly equal in number as possible. A classified
Board of Directors could make it more difficult for Washington Mutual
shareholders, including those holding a majority of the outstanding Washington
Mutual Common Stock, to force an immediate change in the composition of the
majority of the Washington Mutual Board, since the terms of only one-third of
the incumbent directors expire each year. A staggered board of directors makes
it more difficult for Washington Mutual shareholders to change the majority of
directors even when the reason for the change is their performance.
No Restriction on Maximum Number of Directors. Article VI of Washington
Mutual's Articles of Incorporation provides that the number of directors of
Washington Mutual will not be less than five, as provided from time to time in
accordance with Washington Mutual's Bylaws. Additionally, the power to determine
the number of directors above the minimum and the power to fill vacancies,
whether occurring by reason of an increase in the number of directors or by
resignation, is vested in the Washington Mutual Board. Because the existing
Board has the power to increase the number of directors and to fill the newly
created vacancies, such provisions may make it more difficult for a person or
entity to acquire control of Washington Mutual through election of his, her or
its nominees.
Advance Notice Requirements for Nomination of Directors and
Presentation of New Business at Meetings of Shareholders. Article 3.13 of
Washington Mutual's Bylaws generally provides that any shareholder desiring to
make a nomination for the election of directors or a proposal for new business
at a meeting of Washington Mutual shareholders must submit written notice not
less than 90 days in advance of the anniversary date of the mailing of the proxy
statement in connection with the previous year's annual meeting. This advance
notice requirement could make it more difficult to oppose management's nominees
or proposals, even if Washington Mutual shareholders believe such nominees or
proposals are not in Washington Mutual's best interests.
Approval of Mergers, Consolidations, Sale of Substantially All Assets
and Dissolution. Article IX of Washington Mutual's Articles of Incorporation
provides that if pursuant to the WBCA, Washington Mutual's shareholders are
required to approve a merger, and if two-thirds of the Washington Mutual Board
vote to recommend the merger to the Washington Mutual shareholders, then the
merger may be approved by a vote of the Washington Mutual shareholders holding a
majority of the outstanding voting shares. See "CERTAIN DIFFERENCES BETWEEN
WASHINGTON CORPORATE AND BANKING LAWS -- Provisions Affecting Control Share
Acquisitions and Business Combinations."
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The Articles of Incorporation of Washington Mutual contain provisions
that, except under specified circumstances discussed below, generally prohibit
Washington Mutual (or any subsidiary of Washington Mutual) from becoming a party
to (i) any merger or consolidation with a Major Stockholder, (ii) any sale,
lease, exchange, distribution to stockholders or other disposition to or with a
Major Stockholder of more than five percent of the assets or business of
Washington Mutual and its subsidiaries; (iii) the purchase, exchange, lease or
other acquisition by Washington Mutual or any subsidiary of assets or business
of a Major Stockholder having a value of more than five percent of the value of
the assets of Washington Mutual and its subsidiaries; (iv) the issuance to a
Major Shareholder of any securities of or rights to acquire securities of
Washington Mutual, or a subsidiary, or the acquisition by Washington Mutual, or
a subsidiary, of any securities of or rights to acquire securities of a Major
Stockholder, or (v) any transaction that has the effect of increasing the
proportionate amount of Voting Stock of Washington Mutual or any subsidiary
beneficially owned by a Major Stockholder, or any partial or complete
liquidation, spin off, split off or split up of Washington Mutual or any
subsidiary (except that any transaction specified in this subparagraph (v) will
not be prohibited if approved by a majority of Washington Mutual's "continuing
directors"). The term "continuing director" means (x) a member of the Washington
Mutual Board immediately prior to the time that any then-existing Major
Stockholder became a Major Stockholder or (y) a member of such board designated,
before becoming a director, as a continuing director by a majority of the
then-continuing directors.
The above prohibition does not apply if the specific transaction is
approved by: (A) a majority of the Washington Mutual Board prior to the Major
Stockholder involved in the transaction becoming such; (B) a majority of the
continuing directors if the Major Stockholder involved obtained prior unanimous
approval of the board to become such; (C) 80 percent of the continuing
directors; or (D) 95 percent of Washington Mutual's outstanding Voting Stock and
a majority of such shares beneficially owned by stockholders other than any
Major Stockholder. The above prohibitions also do not apply if the specific
transaction is approved by a majority of the outstanding Voting Stock and of
such shares beneficially owned other than by any Major Stockholder provided that
holders of Washington Mutual Common Stock receive at least the higher of (a) the
highest price paid by the involved Major Stockholder in acquiring any of the
Washington Mutual Common Stock and (b) an amount that bears the same percentage
relationship to the market price of the Washington Mutual Common Stock
immediately prior to the announcement of the transaction as the highest per
share price paid by the involved Major Stockholder in acquiring any of the
Washington Mutual Common Stock bears to the market price of the Washington
Mutual Common Stock immediately prior to the commencement of acquisition of the
Washington Mutual Common Stock by such Major Stockholder (but in no event in
excess of two times the highest per share price determined in (a) above), and
provided certain other conditions are met. The Articles of Incorporation also
provide that during the time a Major Stockholder exists, Washington Mutual may
voluntarily dissolve only upon the unanimous consent of its stockholders or an
affirmative vote of at least two-thirds of its directors and the holders of at
least two-thirds of both the shares entitled to vote on such a dissolution and
of each class of shares entitled to vote on such a dissolution as a class, if
any. Amendments to these provisions of the Articles of Incorporation require the
affirmative vote of 95 percent of Washington Mutual shareholders holding Voting
Stock beneficially owned by stockholders other than any Major Stockholder. This
provision is designed to inhibit hostile takeovers and encourage potential
acquirors to negotiate with the Washington Mutual Board.
UTAH FEDERAL.
Restrictions on Maximum Number of Directors. Section 7 of Utah
Federal's Charter provides that the number of directors of Utah Federal will not
be less than five nor greater than 15, as provided in accordance with Utah
Federal's Bylaws.
Classified Board of Directors. Article III of Utah Federal's Bylaws
provides that the Utah Federal Board is to be divided into three classes as
nearly equal in number as possible. A classified Board of Directors could make
it more difficult for Utah Federal Shareholders, including those holding a
majority of the outstanding Utah Federal Common Stock, to force an immediate
change in the composition of the majority of the Utah Federal Board, since the
terms of only one-third of the incumbent directors expire each year. A staggered
board of directors makes it more difficult for Utah Federal Shareholders to
change the majority of directors even when the reason for the change is their
performance.
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Advance Notice Requirements for Nomination of Directors and
Presentation of New Business at Meetings of Shareholders. Nominations of
Directors shall be made by the Board not later than 20 days prior to the annual
meeting and may be made by any shareholder entitled to vote in an election of
Directors by written notice delivered to Utah Federal at least five days prior
to the annual meeting date. No other nominations may be made and voted upon at
the annual meeting, unless the Board shall have failed to act at least 20 days
prior to such meeting, in which case nominations may be made at the annual
meeting by any shareholder entitled to vote, and such nomination shall be voted
on. Any new business to be taken up at the annual meeting shall be stated in
writing and filed with the secretary of Utah Federal at least five days before
the date of the annual meeting in order for such business to be considered at
the annual meeting.
Approval of Mergers and Consolidation. OTS regulations provide that
most mergers to which Utah Federal is a party require the approval of the
holders of two-thirds of the outstanding shares of Utah Federal, except that the
affirmative vote of a majority of Utah Federal shareholders is required to
approve a merger with an interim thrift for the purpose of forming a thrift
holding company.
LIMITATION OF DIRECTORS' LIABILITY; INDEMNIFICATION
WASHINGTON MUTUAL. Under Article XIII of Washington Mutual's Articles
of Incorporation, a Washington Mutual director is not personally liable to
Washington Mutual or its shareholders for monetary damages for conduct as a
director ("Protected Conduct") to the fullest extent permitted under then
current Washington law. Protected Conduct, however, excludes (i) acts or
omissions that involve intentional misconduct or knowing violation of laws by
the director, and (ii) any transaction resulting in the receipt of money,
property or services to which the director is not legally entitled. Pursuant to
Article X of Washington Mutual's Articles of Incorporation and Article VIII of
Washington Mutual's Bylaws, Washington Mutual must, subject to certain
exceptions, indemnify and defend its directors against any liability arising
from or in connection with service for or at the request of Washington Mutual,
including without limitation, liability under the Securities Act. Washington
Mutual is not obligated to indemnify a director from acts of such director that
are finally adjudged to be intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of the
law or if such director received an economic benefit from a transaction to which
he or she was not entitled. Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising
under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers or persons
controlling Washington Mutual pursuant to the provisions described above,
Washington Mutual has been informed that in the opinion of the Commission such
indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and
is therefore unenforceable.
UTAH FEDERAL. OTS regulations and Utah Federal's Charter or Bylaws do
not provide any limitations on a director's liability.
OTS regulations provide that Utah Federal will indemnify any person
against whom an action is brought or threatened because that person is or was a
director, officer, or employee of Utah Federal for: (i) any amount for which
that person becomes liable under a judgment in such action and (ii) reasonable
costs and expenses, including reasonable attorneys' fees, actually paid or
incurred by that person in defending or settling such action, or in enforcing
such person's right to indemnification if such person attains a favorable
judgment in such enforcement action; provided, however, that any such person
will be indemnified only if: (a) a final judgment on the merits is rendered in
such person's favor or (b) in case of (1) a settlement, (2) a final judgment
against such person, or (3) a final judgement in such person's favor, other than
on the merits, if a majority of the disinterested directors of Utah Federal
determines that such person was acting in good faith within the scope of such
person's employment or authority as such person reasonably could have perceived
it under the circumstances and for a purpose which such person reasonably could
have believed under the circumstances was in the best interest of Utah Federal
or its shareholders; and provided, further, that no such indemnification will be
made by Utah Federal unless Utah Federal gives the OTS at least 60 days' prior
notice and the OTS does not object in writing to such indemnification.
In addition, under OTS regulations, if a majority of the directors of
Utah Federal concludes that, in connection with any action, any person
ultimately may become entitled to indemnification, the directors may authorize
payment of reasonable costs and expenses, including reasonable attorneys' fees,
arising from the defense or settlement of such action. The directors of Utah
Federal may impose such conditions on a payment of expenses as they deem
warranted and in the interest of Utah Federal. Before making any advance payment
of expenses,
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however, Utah Federal must obtain an agreement that it will be repaid if the
person on whose behalf the payment is made is later determined not to be
entitled to such indemnification.
WASHINGTON MUTUAL SHAREHOLDER RIGHTS PLAN
In October 1990, Washington Mutual's predecessor's Board of Directors
adopted a shareholders rights plan and declared a dividend of one right for each
outstanding share of its common stock to shareholders of record on October 31,
1990. In connection with the Reorganization, Washington Mutual assumed the
shareholder rights plan. The rights have certain anti-takeover effects and are
intended to discourage coercive or unfair takeover tactics and to encourage any
potential acquiror to negotiate a price fair to all stockholders. The rights may
cause substantial dilution to an acquiring party that attempts to acquire
Washington Mutual on terms not approved by the Washington Mutual Board, but they
will not interfere with any friendly merger or other business combination. The
plan was not adopted in response to any specific effort to acquire control of
Washington Mutual.
The rights are not exercisable until the tenth day after a party
acquires beneficial ownership of 20 percent or more of the outstanding
Washington Mutual Common Stock or commences or publicly announces a tender offer
to do so. Each right entitles the holder to purchase one share of Washington
Mutual Common Stock for an exercise price that is currently $26.67 per share. In
the event that an acquiring party thereafter gains control of 30 percent or more
of the Washington Mutual Common Stock, any rights held by that party will be
void and, for the next 60 days, all other holders of rights can receive that
number of shares of Washington Mutual Common Stock having a market value of two
times the exercise price of the right. The rights, which expire on October 16,
2000, may be redeemed by Washington Mutual for $0.0044 per right prior to being
exercisable. Until a right is exercised, the holder of that right will have no
rights as a Washington Mutual shareholder, including, without limitation, the
right to vote or to receive dividends.
CERTAIN DIFFERENCES BETWEEN WASHINGTON CORPORATE LAW AND OTS REGULATIONS
The WBCA governs the rights of Washington Mutual shareholders and will
govern the rights of Utah Federal Shareholders who become shareholders of
Washington Mutual pursuant to the Merger. The WBCA and the OTS regulations
differ in many respects. Certain of the significant differences between the
provisions of the WBCA and the OTS regulations that could materially affect the
rights of Utah Federal shareholders are discussed below.
RIGHT TO CALL SPECIAL MEETINGS OF SHAREHOLDERS
The WBCA provides that a special meeting of shareholders of the
corporation may be called by its board of directors, by holders of at least 10
percent of all votes entitled to be cast on any issue proposed to be considered
at the proposed special meeting, or by other persons authorized to do so by the
articles of incorporation or bylaws of the company. However, the WBCA allows the
right of shareholders to call a special meeting to be limited or denied to the
extent provided in the articles of incorporation. The Washington Mutual Articles
of Incorporation provide that the written request of holders of at least 25
percent of the outstanding Washington Mutual Common Stock entitled to vote at
the meeting is required to call a special meeting.
Under OTS regulations and Utah Federal's Bylaws, special meetings of
the shareholders of Utah Federal may be called at any time by the Chairman of
the Board, the President, or a majority of the Board and must be called by the
Chairman of the Board, the President or the Secretary upon the written request
of the holders of not less than one-tenth of the outstanding capital stock of
Utah Federal.
PROVISIONS AFFECTING CONTROL SHARE ACQUISITIONS AND BUSINESS COMBINATIONS
The WBCA imposes restrictions on certain transactions between a
corporation and certain significant shareholders. First, subject to certain
exceptions, pursuant to the fair price provision, a merger, share exchange, sale
of substantially all the corporation's assets, other than in the regular course
of business, or dissolution of a corporation involving a shareholder that
beneficially owns more than 20 percent of the corporation's outstanding voting
stock ("Interested Shareholder") must be approved by the holders of two-thirds
of the corporation's outstanding securities entitled to vote on the transaction,
other than those of the Interested Shareholder. This
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restriction does not apply if a majority of disinterested directors determines
that the fair market value of the consideration to be received by shareholders
other than the Interested Shareholder as a result of the transaction is not less
than the highest fair market value of the consideration paid by any Interested
Shareholder for the shares of the same class of the corporation's stock during
the preceding 24 months or if the transaction is approved by a majority of
disinterested directors. A Washington corporation may, in its articles of
incorporation, exempt itself from coverage of this provision; Washington Mutual
has not done so.
Second, the WBCA prohibits a corporation, with certain exceptions, from
engaging in certain "significant business transactions" with a person or group
of persons who acquire 10 percent or more of the voting securities of a target
corporation (an "acquiring person") without the prior approval of the
corporation's board of directions for a period of five years after the
acquisition of such securities. Significant business transactions include, among
others, merger or consolidation with, disposition of assets to or with or
issuance or redemption of stock to or from, the acquiring person, termination of
five percent or more of the employees of the target corporation employed in
Washington State as a result of the acquiring person's acquisition of 10 percent
or more of the shares or allowing the acquiring person to receive any
disproportionate benefit as a shareholder.
Federal law and regulations applicable to Utah Federal do not have
provisions comparable to the WBCA statutes regarding control share acquisitions
and business combinations. All depository institutions, including Utah Federal,
WM Bank and WMBfsb, are subject to the Change in Bank Control Act, which
generally provides that no person, acting directly or indirectly or through or
in concert with one or more persons, may acquire control of a depository
institution unless its primary Federal regulator has been given 60 days' prior
written notice.
TRANSACTIONS WITH OFFICERS OR DIRECTORS
The WBCA sets forth a safe harbor for transactions between a
corporation and one or more of its directors. A conflicting interest transaction
may not be enjoined, set aside or give rise to damages if it: (i) is approved by
a majority of qualified directors (but no fewer than two) or by the majority of
qualified shares after full disclosure regarding the transaction; or (ii) is
fair to the corporation. For purposes of this provision, a "qualified director"
is one who does not have either: (a) a conflicting interest respecting the
transaction or (b) a familial, financial, professional or employment
relationship with a second director who has a conflicting interest respecting
the transaction, which relationship would reasonably be expected to influence
the first director's judgment when voting on the transaction. "Qualified Shares"
are defined generally as shares other than those beneficially owned or
controlled by a director (or an affiliate of the director) who has a conflicting
interest respecting the transaction.
OTS regulations and policy statement, provide that each director,
officer, or other affiliated person of a savings association has a fundamental
duty to avoid placing himself or herself in a position that creates, or could
lead to, a conflict of interest or appearance of a conflict of interest between
the accomplishment of the purposes of the Home Owners' Loan Act.
DISSENTERS' RIGHTS
Under the WBCA, a shareholder is entitled to dissent from, and, upon
perfection of the shareholder's appraisal right, to obtain the fair value of his
or her shares in the event of certain corporate actions, including certain
mergers, share exchanges, sales of substantially all assets of the corporation,
and certain amendments to the corporation's articles of incorporation that
materially and adversely affect shareholder rights.
The Dissenter and Appraisal Right Regulation promulgated by the OTS
provides that dissenting shareholders of a federally chartered savings bank such
as Utah Federal have appraisal rights with respect to mergers and certain
exchanges of shares with acquiring bank holding companies. The applicable OTS
regulation is reproduced in its entirety as Appendix D.
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INFORMATION CONCERNING UTAH FEDERAL
BUSINESS
GENERAL. Ogden First Federal Savings and Loan Association (the
"Association") initially commenced operations in 1937 as a federally chartered
savings and loan association. In 1992, the Association was converted to a
federally chartered stock association and its name was changed from "Ogden First
Federal Savings and Loan Association" to "Utah Federal Savings Bank."
Utah Federal is principally engaged in the business of receiving
deposits and making loans for the construction, acquisition or refinance of
residential properties, primarily in Weber, Davis, Box Elder, Cache and
Washington counties in Utah. Deposit services include personal checking
accounts, savings accounts, certificates of deposit, money market accounts and
individual retirement accounts. Lending services include land development loans,
residential construction and long-term loans and consumer loans.
COMPETITION. The financial services industry in the geographic area
served by Utah Federal is highly competitive with respect to both deposits and
loans. Utah Federal's primary competitors for deposits have been commercial
banks, savings banks and credit unions located in its primary market area. Utah
Federal's competition for loans comes primarily from commercial banks, savings
banks, credit unions and mortgage companies. Utah Federal's primary lending area
is dominated by three large commercial banks, a number of smaller commercial
banks, a number of highly competitive credit unions and numerous mortgage
companies. Because of their size and number and their favored tax treatment,
credit unions are able to offer a range of products and services at a cost that
is often difficult for savings banks such as Utah Federal to match. Utah Federal
attempts to compete for loans and deposits in this environment by providing a
high level of individualized customer service and, more recently, by increasing
its originations of residential construction loans.
LENDING. The principal lending activities of Utah Federal are the
origination of residential (one to four family dwellings) and, to a lesser
extent, consumer credit loans. Utah Federal lends primarily in its local market
areas. Beginning in 1992, Utah Federal made a conscious effort to modify its
traditional loan portfolio mix and undertook to increase its levels of
residential construction, home equity and consumer lending, while maintaining
its traditional long-term residential mortgage lending. Construction and home
equity lending generally pay higher rates of interest, but also entail
additional risk as compared with long-term residential mortgage lending.
Construction loans typically involve large loan balances concentrated with
single borrowers or groups of related borrowers. Home equity lending involves
loans secured by second mortgages.
During the past three years Utah Federal has sought to attract and
retain many builders in the Utah Federal's market area and in fiscal 1994, Utah
Federal's management hired personnel to start up a consumer loan/home equity
department. During this three-year period, construction lending increased from
$2.4 million at the end of fiscal 1994 to $19.1 million at June 30, 1996. Home
equity loans increased from $1.9 million to $7.0 million during the same period.
Consumer installment loans include home equity loans, auto loans and
savings account and certificate loans. While some consumer loans are secured by
personal property, the bulk of the collateral taken by Utah Federal to secure
its consumer loans is real estate.
In addition to interest earned on loans, Utah Federal receives fees for
originating loans, for providing loan commitments, and in selling residential
real estate loans into the secondary market with a service release premium. Fees
for originating loans and for providing loan commitments, net of the cost of
originating loans, are deferred and amortized into the income of Utah Federal
over the life of the loan. When loans are sold into the secondary market, all
unamortized fees are taken into income at the time of the sale. Loans are
originated principally as a result of the effort of loan officers hired by Utah
Federal, through referrals from existing customers and through brokers.
Utah Federal's loan underwriting policies focus on each borrower's
ability to service and repay the debt and the availability of collateral that
can be used to secure the loan. Utah Federal's policy is that loans up to
$250,000
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can be approved by its President. Loans between $250,000 and $500,000 are
approved by Utah Federal's President and one other member of Utah Federal's loan
committee. Loans in excess of $500,000 must be approved by Utah Federal's major
loan committee consisting of the President and at least two other members of the
Utah Federal Board. Under Utah Federal's policy, combined loans to one borrower
cannot exceed 90 percent of 15 percent of Utah Federal's total unimpaired
capital and surplus.
Utah Federal also makes brokered loans for the construction, purchase
or refinance of residential real estate and serviced a loan portfolio of
$141,991,064 as of June 30, 1996. The majority of long-term loans made by Utah
Federal are sold into the secondary market, service released. Utah Federal is
not contractually obligated to sell any such loans. Utah Federal contracts with
institutional investors to purchase loans at the time they are originated by
Utah Federal. It is Utah Federal's policy not to issue a commitment on a
brokered construction loan until it has obtained a commitment from an investor
to purchase a long-term mortgage loan secured by that particular property. In
connection with each brokered loan, Utah Federal receives a net brokerage fee
before commissions in the amount of one percent to two percent of the principal
amount of the loan.
Utah Federal's gross fees for originating loans for the fiscal year
ending September 30, 1994 and September 30, 1995 were $351,141 and $684,625,
respectively. Gross fees for originating loans during the six months ending
June 30, 1995 and June 30, 1996 were $294,876 and $525,521 respectively. Gross
income from servicing loans for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1994 and
September 30, 1995 were $247,341 and $259,774 respectively. Gross fees from
servicing loans during the six months ending June 30, 1995 and June 30, 1996
were $131,200 and $138,120 respectively. In general, commissions paid to Utah
Federal's loan officers are 0.65 of the principal loan amount.
The following table sets forth the composition of Utah Federal's loan
portfolio as of the dates indicated:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
June 30, 1996 September 30, 1995 September 30, 1994
--------------------- -------------------- ---------------------
Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount Percent
------ ------- ------ ------- ------ -------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Conventional mortgage loans........... $52,296,375 60.76% $62,754,809 70.35% $59,681,478 84.16%
Insured mortgage loans................ 4,746,415 5.52 7,052,519 7.91 5,643,596 7.96
Real estate construction.............. 19,108,850 22.20 11,173,596 12.52 2,444,738 3.45
Home equity loans..................... 6,941,594 8.06 5,758,399 6.46 1,855,058 2.62
Consumer & other loans................ 2,980,636 3.46 2,464,845 2.76 1,288,052 1.81
----------- ------ ----------- ------ ----------- ------
Total loans........................ $86,073,870 100.00% $89,204,168 100.00% $70,912,922 100.00%
Less:
Deferred loan fees.................... (612,406) (773,205) (720,182)
Reserve for loan losses............... (1,650,196) (1,661,841) (1,677,806)
----------- ----------- -----------
Total loans, net................... $83,811,268 $86,769,122 $68,514,934
=========== =========== ===========
</TABLE>
The following table sets forth certain information at June 30, 1996,
regarding the dollar amount of assets maturing in Utah Federal's portfolio based
on their contractual terms to maturity but does not include undisbursed
proceeds, potential prepayments, or unearned income.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Within One Year One Year to 3 Years Due After 3 Years
--------------- ------------------- -----------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Mortgage-backed securities and investments......... $ 0 $ 0 $17,730,000
Other investments.................................. 14,792,000 174,000 0
Mortgage loans..................................... 30,562,000 6,289,000 $20,192,000
Construction loans................................. 19,109,000 0 0
Consumer & other loans............................. 3,370,000 2,692,000 3,860,000
----------- ----------- -----------
Total earning assets........................... $67,833,000 $ 9,155,000 $41,782,000
=========== =========== ===========
</TABLE>
The following table sets forth the dollar amount of all loans and
investments due one year or more after June 30, 1996, which have fixed interest
rates and have floating or adjustable interest rates.
46
<PAGE> 56
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Asset/rate type Dollar Amount
--------------- -------------
<S> <C>
Fixed-rate loans................................. $ 39,672,000
Variable-rate loans.............................. 46,401,000
Fixed-rate investments........................... 4,678,000
Variable-rate investments........................ 28,019,000
------------
Total......................................... $118,770,000
</TABLE>
ASSET QUALITY AND LOAN LOSSES. The following tables set forth (i) the
dollar amount of delinquent loans over 30 days past due as of June 30, 1996
(includes both in-house and investor owned loans and loans on non-accrual
status); (ii) reserves for loan losses and charge-offs during 1995; and (iii)
calculation of reserve adequacy. Management attributes the low level of
delinquencies and charge-offs to the loan approval process, stringent
underwriting and timely collection procedures. Accrual of interest is
discontinued and prior interest is reversed on a loan that management believes,
after considering economic and business conditions and collection efforts, that
the borrowers' financial condition is such that collection of interest is
doubtful. Management normally discontinues interest accrual when any loan
reaches 91 days or more past due.
The allowance for loan losses has been established through a provision
for loan losses charged to expenses. The allowance is an amount Utah Federal
believes will be adequate to absorb possible losses on existing loans that may
become uncollectible, based on evaluations of factors such as changes in the
nature and volume of the loan portfolio, overall portfolio quality, review of
specific problem loans, and economic conditions existing at the time the
financial statements are prepared that may affect the borrowers' ability to
pay. Loans are charged off against the loan loss allowance when management
believes that the collection of the principal is unlikely. Total reserves for
loan losses on June 30, 1996, of $1,650,196 is calculated to be in excess of
adequate reserves by $370,100. The reserve for loan losses as a percentage of
total loans was 1.92 percent, 1.87 percent and 2.41 percent at June 30, 1996,
September 30, 1995, and September 30, 1994, respectively. Only three loans
totaling $9,188 were charged off against the loan loss allowance from January
1, 1995 through June 30, 1996.
The following table sets forth loans delinquent more than 30 days and
non-accrual loans as of June 30, 1996:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Past Due 31-60 Days Past Due 61-90 Days Past Due 91 Days & Over
--------------------- ------------------- -----------------------
Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount Percent
---------- ------- -------- ------- -------- -------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Mortgage loans ............... $ 323,500 0.57% $ 0 0.00% $263,600 0.46%
Consumer loans ............... 104,600 4.69 10,400 0.47 0 0.00
Real estate construction ..... 682,800 3.57 441,400 2.31 512,100 2.68
Home equity loans ............ 18,500 0.27 19,800 0.33 0 0.00
NOW line of credit loans ..... 1,000 1.03 0 0.00 0 0.00
---------- ---- -------- ---- -------- ----
Total loans ......... $1,130,400 1.31% $471,600 0.55% $775,700 0.90%
========== ==== ======== ==== ======== ====
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Non Accrual Loans Amount Number
- ----------------- -------- ------
<S> <C> <C>
Mortgage loans............................ $293,164 4
Construction loans........................ 382,287 4
All other loans........................... 0
-------- --
Total non-accrual loans........... $675,451 8
</TABLE>
Total loans past due 31 days or more on June 30, 1996 were $2,377,700
or 2.76 percent of total loans. The total non accrual loans totalling $675,451
represents 0.78 percent of total loans.
The following table sets forth reserves for losses as of June 30, 1996
with activity from January 1, 1995 through June 30, 1996. Also a calculation of
reserve adequacy is presented.
47
<PAGE> 57
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
Reserve balances at January 1, 1995 .............................. $ 1,658,784
Total charge offs against reserves ........................... 9,188
Total recoveries to reserves ................................. 600
-----------
Reserve balances at June 30, 1996 ............................... $ 1,650,196
Calculation of reserve adequacy:
- --------------------------------
Specific reserves ................................................ $ (125,500)
General reserves for "passing assets" at June 30, 1996 .......... (945,200)
General reserves for "special mention assets" at June 30, 1996 .. (51,000)
General reserves for "substandard assets" as of June 30, 1996 ... (151,800)
General reserves for "doubtful assets" as of June 30, 1996 ...... 6,500
General reserves for "loss assets" as of June 30, 1996 .......... 0
-----------
Excess/(deficiency) in reserves for losses ....................... $ 357,100
</TABLE>
The following table presents the allocation of the reserve for loan
losses:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
June 30, 1996 September 30, 1995 September 30, 1994
------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------
Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount Percent
---------- ------- ---------- ------- ---------- -------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Cash and investments............. $ 8,300 0.50% $ 5,600 0.34% $ 9,200 0.46%
Mortgage residential loans....... 158,000 9.57 200,200 12.05 215,800 10.74
Non residential mortgage loans... 411,000 24.96 232,500 13.99 282,300 14.04
Real estate construction......... 436,800 26.42 247,300 14.88 84,600 4.21
Consumer & home equity........... 120,800 7.33 88,900 5.35 30,400 1.51
Commercial/LOC/land and lot...... 194,300 11.77 237,200 14.27 120,600 6.00
Real estate owned (REO).......... 0 0.00 3,800 0.23 386,700 19.24
Unallocated...................... 321,000 19.45 646,300 38.89 880,600 43.80
---------- ------ ---------- ------ ---------- ------
Total allowance................ $1,650,200 100.00% $1,661,800 100.00% $2,010,200 100.00%
========== ====== ========== ====== ========== ======
</TABLE>
ASSET AND LIABILITY MANAGEMENT. Utah Federal's results of operations
depend substantially on the net interest margin. The net interest margin is
affected by general economic conditions, competition in the marketplace, market
interest rates, and the mix, repricing, and maturity characteristics of Utah
Federal's assets and liabilities. An effort during the past two years to
restructure the loan mix more heavily into residential construction lending has
had a significant positive impact on earnings. For example, since September 30,
1994 total construction loans outstanding totalling $2,444,738 have risen to
over $19,108,850 at June 30, 1996. This $16.7 million increase reflects an
average increase in yields of construction loans compared to long-term mortgage
loans of 2.75 percent, which equates to an annual increase in income of
approximately $351,000.
Exposure to interest rate risk is primarily a function of differences
between the maturity and repricing schedules of assets (primarily loans and
investment securities) and liabilities (primarily deposits). Assets and
liabilities are described as interest sensitive for a given period of time when
they mature or can reprice within that period. The difference between the amount
of interest sensitive assets and interest sensitive liabilities is referred to
as the interest sensitivity "GAP" for any given period of time.
As a general rule, in periods of falling interest rates, banks with
positive interest sensitivity GAPs are susceptible to a decline in net interest
income. In periods of rising interest rates, savings associations with negative
interest sensitivity GAPs are likely to experience declines in net interest
income. The actual effect that rising and falling interest rates have on Utah
Federal's net interest income depends, however, not only on the interest
sensitivity GAP, but also the relative changes in interest rates that occur when
assets and liabilities are repriced, unscheduled repayments of loans, early
withdrawals of deposits and other factors.
48
<PAGE> 58
Traditionally, thrift institutions have had a negative interest
sensitivity one-year GAP. As of June 30, 1996, Utah Federal had a positive
interest sensitivity one-year GAP of $10,936,000, or 87 percent, from a marketed
position of 100 percent and thus is most vulnerable to falling interest rates.
Utah Federal's positive GAP is primarily due to its variable rate investments,
particularly $17,730,000 in variable rate mortgage backed securities, and its
short term and variable rate lending programs, particularly $19.1 million in
construction loans which are variable rate loans tied to the prime rate. Utah
Federal's management attempts to limit exposure to interest rate risk by
maintaining a balance sheet posture such that net interest income is not
significantly affected by market fluctuations in interest rates. Utah Federal
utilizes interest rate sensitivity GAP reports in conjunction with modeling to
measure the effects of varying interest rate scenarios and balance sheet
strategies on net interest income.
Certain shortcomings are inherent in the interest sensitivity GAP
method of analysis presented in the following table. For example, although
certain assets and liabilities may have similar repricing characteristics, they
may react in different degrees to changes in market interest rates. Also, the
interest rates on certain types of assets and liabilities may fluctuate in
advance of changes in market interest rates, while interest rates on other types
may lag behind changes in market rates.
The following table sets forth the dollar amount of interest sensitive
assets and interest sensitive liabilities at June 30, 1996, and the differences
between them for the maturity or repricing periods indicated.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Variable Fixed Rate Fixed Rate Fixed Rate Fixed Rate
GL Balance Rate Non Rate 0-6 Mo. 6-12 Mo. 12-36 Mo. Over 36 Mo.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(in thousands)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Investments ................ $ 14,966 $ 10,198 $ 523 $ 4,071 $ 0 $ 174 $ 0
Mortgage-backed securities.. 17,731 17,298 0 0 0 0 433
Mortgage loans ............. 76,152 45,799 602 1,680 1,590 6,289 20,192
Other loans ................ 9,922 302 0 2,287 781 2,692 3,860
Less reserves ........... (1,650) 0 (1,650) 0 0 0 0
Other assets/REO ........... 5,822 0 5,822 0 0 0 0
-------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- -------
Total assets ............ $122,943 $73,597 $ 5,297 $ 8,038 $ 2,371 $ 9,155 $24,484
======== ======= ======= ======= ======= ======= =======
Savings deposits ........... 17,342 17,342 0 0 0 0 0
Checking/NOW deposits ...... 10,869 0 3,711 0 0 0 7,158
Certificates deposits ...... 80,514 848 0 35,075 19,803 13,998 10,790
Borrowed funds ............. 27 0 0 1 1 4 21
Other liabilities .......... 2,795 0 2,795 0 0 0 0
Equity accounts ............ 11,396 0 11,396 0 0 0 0
-------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- -------
Total liabilities and
equity .............. $122,943 $18,190 $17,902 $35,075 $19,804 $14,002 $17,969
======== ======= ======= ======= ======= ======= =======
Net difference ............. 0 55,407 (12,605) (27,037) (17,433) (4,847) 6,515
GAP position by window ..... 404.6% (29.6)% 22.9 % 12.0 % 65.4% 136.3%
</TABLE>
Twelve month rate sensitive GAP = asset sensitive $10,936,000 or 86.98 percent
INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES. Utah Federal has adopted, as required, Statement
of Financial Accounting Standards No. 115 "Accounting for Certain Investments in
Debt and Equity Securities" ("SFAS 115"). This statement requires investment
securities to be segregated as trading securities, held to maturity, or
available-for-sale based upon managements intent as to the ultimate disposition
of each investment acquired. Utah Federal's current policy does not allow for
the acquisition of trading securities. Investments classified as
held-to-maturity are accounted for at amortized cost, but an institution must
have both the intent and ability to hold such securities to maturity. Securities
not classified as either trading or held-to-maturity are considered to be
available-for-sale. Unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities
are excluded from earnings and reported as a separate component of stockholders'
equity.
As of June 30, 1996, Utah Federal's investment portfolio included
$12,832,400 of held-to-maturity investments (with a fair market value of
$13,156,600), $4,903,800 of available-for-sale investments and no trading
49
<PAGE> 59
account securities. SFAS No. 115 has not had any material effect on Utah
Federal's financial statements or its federal tax liability.
The investment policy of Utah Federal is reviewed by the investment
committee and reviewed and approved annually by the Utah Federal Board. The most
recent review and approval was at March 20, 1996. It has been the policy of Utah
Federal to maintain relatively high levels of liquidity to meet construction
loan funding needs during peak lending periods. At June 30, 1996, Utah Federal
had unfunded loan commitments of $25,934,400.
The following table sets forth the investment securities portfolio of
Utah Federal at carrying book value and market value at the dates indicated. The
carrying value and market value of the available for sale securities is the
same.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
June 30, 1996 September 30, 1995 September 30, 1994
------------------------- ------------------------- -------------------------
Carrying Est. Market Carrying Est. Market Carrying Est. Market
Value Value Value Value Value Value
----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Available for Sale:
FHLMC & FNMA mortgage-
backed securities ............. $ 4,729,720 $ 4,729,720 $ 120,964 $ 120,964 $ 124,486 $ 124,486
Held to Maturity:
Government Agencies (SBA) ....... 598,469 612,677 770,630 797,531 926,944 940,146
FHLMC & FNMA mortgage-
backed securities ............. 11,969,785 12,083,766 22,845,801 23,031,255 28,020,820 27,566,872
GNMA mortgage-backed
securities .................... 432,810 460,081 492,407 524,735 586,729 609,962
----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
Total investment securities ..... $17,730,784 $17,886,244 $24,229,803 $24,474,485 $29,658,979 $29,241,466
=========== =========== =========== =========== =========== ===========
</TABLE>
The following table sets forth the maturities of the investment
securities portfolio of Utah Federal at carrying book value, the average
repricing period, and weighted average yield at June 30, 1996.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Less than 20 Years More than 20 Years
------------------------- ------------------------
Carrying Weighted Carrying Weighted Average Repricing
Value Avg. Yield Value Avg. Yield Period in Months
----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Available for Sale:
FHLMC & FNMA mortgage-
backed securities ............. $0 0.00% $ 4,729,720 7.225% 5.8 months
Held to Maturity:
Government Agencies (SBA) ........ 0 0.00 598,469 6.733 6.9 months
FHLMC & FNMA mortgage-
backed securities ............. 0 0.00 11,969,785 7.249 5.3 months
GNMA mortgage-backed
securities .................... 0 0.00 432,810 9.322 274.5 months
-- ---- ----------- ----- -----
Total investment securities ... $0 0.00% $17,730,784 7.288% 10.2 months
== ==== =========== ===== =====
</TABLE>
SOURCES OF FUNDS. Utah Federal derives funds principally from customer
deposits, payments on loans and mortgage backed securities, and net income. A
credit line is also available at the Federal Home Loan Bank of Seattle ("FHLB").
Utah Federal offers various types of deposit accounts, including
business checking, personal NOW checking, money market investment accounts,
statement savings and a variety of IRA and regular certificate accounts. Deposit
accounts vary as to terms, with the principal differences being minimum balance
required, the time period the funds must remain on deposit and the interest rate
paid. Utah Federal does not utilize "brokered deposits," but relies upon its own
origination of deposits through a strategy that employs superior personalized
customer service, referrals and
50
<PAGE> 60
occasional advertising promotions. From 1994 through March 31, 1996, total
deposits modestly, but consistently increased, with the growth primarily
occurring in the certificates of deposits and the non-interest bearing accounts.
Between March 31, 1996 and June 30, 1996, total deposits decreased by 1.4%.
The following tables set forth the average amount of certain types of
deposit accounts by Utah Federal at the dates indicated.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
June 30, 1996 September 30, 1995 September 30, 1994
------------------------ ----------------------- ------------------------
Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount Percent
------------ ------- ------------ ------- ------------ --------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Interest-bearing demand ....... $ 7,158,700 6.58% $ 6,269,027 5.75% $ 7,746,787 7.26%
Savings & money market ........ 17,342,400 15.95 17,385,501 15.95 18,932,968 17.73
Certificates of deposit ....... 80,514,300 74.05 82,238,342 75.46 79,377,150 74.35
Non-interest-bearing demand ... 3,710,600 3.42 3,096,950 2.84 708,384 0.66
------------ ------ ------------ ------ ------------ ------
Total deposits ............. $108,726,000 100.00% $108,989,820 100.00% $106,765,289 100.00%
============ ====== ============ ====== ============ ======
</TABLE>
The following table sets forth the amount of Utah Federal's
certificates of deposit by time remaining and until the average rate paid on
maturity as of June 30, 1996.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Maturity Period Amount Percent Avg. Rate
- --------------- ----------- ------- ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Three months or less .................. $17,878,600 22.2% 5.65%
Over three through six months ......... 17,598,600 21.8 5.59
Over six through 12 months ............ 19,887,900 24.7 5.63
Over twelve through 24 months ......... 10,433,900 13.0 5.87
Over twenty four months ............... 14,715,300 18.3 6.34
----------- ----
Total certificates .................... $80,514,300 100% 5.79%
=========== ====
</TABLE>
BORROWINGS. Utah Federal has a credit line with the FHLB that is
available to supplement its supply of lendable funds and to meet liquidity
requirements. Advances from the FHLB are secured by Utah Federal's stock in the
FHLB and by certain mortgage backed securities and loans. The rates on these
advances vary from time to time in response to general economic conditions. At
June 30, 1996, Utah Federal had no borrowings against its FHLB credit line.
Utah Federal's current available line of credit with the FHLB is 15 percent of
assets, or $18,350,000 at June 30, 1996. Utah Federal has no unsecured federal
funds credit lines with other banks as of June 30, 1996.
SUPERVISION AND REGULATION
GENERAL. Utah Federal, as a federally-chartered savings association, is
subject to examination and supervision by the OTS, which is also its primary
regulator. Utah Federal is further subject to (1) regulation and examination by
the FDIC, which insures the deposits of Utah Federal through the SAIF to the
maximum extent permitted by law, and (2) certain requirements established by the
Federal Reserve Board. In addition, Utah Federal is subject to regulation
incidental to its membership in the FHLB. The lending, investment, and other
business activities of Utah Federal must comply with various federal laws and
regulatory requirements, including requirements governing such matters as
capital standards, reserves against deposits, timing of the availability of
deposited funds, nature and amount of and collateral for loans, mergers,
establishment of branch offices, subsidiary investments and activities, and
general investment authority. The laws and regulations governing Utah Federal
generally have been promulgated to protect depositors and the SAIF and not for
the purpose of protecting stockholders of such institutions or their holding
companies.
51
<PAGE> 61
The description of statutes and regulations applicable to savings
associations set forth in this Proxy Statement/Prospectus does not purport to be
a complete description of the statutes and regulations mentioned or of all such
statutes and regulations.
OTS ENFORCEMENT AUTHORITY. The OTS has extensive enforcement authority
over all savings associations. This authority includes, without limitation, the
ability to (1) assess civil money penalties, (2) issue cease-and-desist or
removal orders, and (3) initiate injunctive actions. In general, these
enforcement actions may be initiated for violations of laws and regulations and
unsafe or unsound practices. Except under certain circumstances, Federal law
requires public disclosure of final enforcement actions by the OTS.
Grounds for appointment of a conservator or receiver for a savings
association on the basis of an institution's financial condition include: (1)
insolvency, meaning that the assets of the association are less than its
liabilities to depositors and others; (2) substantial dissipation of assets or
earnings through violations of law or unsafe or unsound practices; (3) existence
of an unsafe or unsound condition to transact business; (4) likelihood that the
association will be unable to meet the demands of its depositors or to pay its
obligations in the normal course of business; and (5) insufficient capital or
the incurring or likely incurring of losses that will deplete substantially all
capital with no reasonable prospect of replenishment of capital without federal
assistance.
LOANS-TO-ONE BORROWER. Utah Federal is subject to limitations on the
aggregate amount of loans that it can make to any one borrower. For purposes of
these rules, the term "borrower" includes (1) the person named as borrower or
debtor on the loan and (2) all other persons, including drawers, endorsers or
guarantors, (a) deemed to directly benefit from the loan proceeds or (b) when a
common enterprise is deemed to exist between the named debtor and such person.
Applicable regulations generally do not permit loans-to-one borrower to exceed
15 percent of unimpaired capital and surplus; however, loans in an amount equal
to an additional 10 percent of unimpaired capital and surplus also may be made
to a borrower if the loans are fully secured by readily marketable securities.
In certain circumstances, as set forth in OTS regulations, loans to more than
one borrower must be combined for purposes these limitations. The OTS by
regulation has amended the loans-to-one borrower rules applicable to savings
associations, such as Utah Federal, to permit savings associations meeting
certain requirements, including fully phased-in capital requirements, to extend
loans-to-one borrower in additional amounts under circumstances limited
essentially to loans to develop or complete residential housing units. As of
June 30, 1996, Utah Federal was in compliance with applicable
loans-to-one-borrower requirements.
REGULATION OF MANAGEMENT. Federal law (1) provides for the
circumstances under which officers or directors of a financial institution may
be removed by the institution's federal supervisory agency, (2) places
restraints on lending by an institution to its executive officers, directors, or
principal shareholders, and (3) prohibits management personnel from serving as a
director or in other management positions of another financial institution whose
assets exceed a specified amount or which has an office within a specified
geographic area.
INSURANCE OF ACCOUNTS. The FDIC administers two separate deposit
insurance funds: the BIF, which insures commercial bank deposits and some
savings bank deposits, and the SAIF, which insures most savings association
deposits. The deposits of Utah Federal are insured up to $100,000 per insured
member (as defined by law and regulation) by the SAIF and are backed by the full
faith and credit of the United States Government. Utah Federal pays deposit
insurance premiums to the FDIC based on an assessment rate schedule established
by the FDIC.
As required by the Federal Deposit Insurance Improvement Act of 1991
("FDICIA"), the FDIC, adopted a risk-based deposit insurance system. Under this
risk-related insurance assessment system, an institution with deposits insured
by the SAIF, such as Utah Federal, is currently required to pay an assessment
ranging from $0.23 to $0.31 per $100 of deposits based on the institution's risk
classification. The risk classification is based on an assignment of the
institution by the FDIC to one of three capital groups and to one of three
supervisory subgroups. The capital groups are "well capitalized," "adequately
capitalized," and "undercapitalized." The three supervisory subgroups are Group
"A" (for financially sound institutions with only a few minor weaknesses), Group
"B" (for those institutions with weaknesses which, if uncorrected, could cause
substantial deterioration of the institution and increase risk to the deposit
insurance fund), and Group "C' (for those institutions with a substantial
probability of loss to the fund absent effective corrective action).
52
<PAGE> 62
Depository institutions with BIF-insured deposits, currently pay an
assessment to the BIF ranging from $0.0 to $0.27 per $100 of deposits based on
the institution's risk classification. Banks at the zero assessment rate pay
only the statutory minimum of $2,000 for deposit insurance. It is estimated that
over 90 percent of BIF insured institutions will pay only the statutory minimum
for their deposit insurance. This new assessment range does not apply to
institutions whose deposits are insured by the SAIF, such as Utah Federal. Utah
Federal will continue to pay assessments based on the $0.23 to $0.31 assessment
range on its deposits, and will be at competitive disadvantage with respect to
BIF-insured institutions.
REGULATORY CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS. Federally insured savings
associations, such as Utah Federal, are required to maintain minimum levels of
regulatory capital.
Savings associations must satisfy three different OTS capital
requirements. Under these standards, savings associations must maintain: (1)
"tangible" capital equal to at least 1.5 percent of adjusted total assets, (2)
"core" capital equal to at least 3.0 percent of adjusted total assets (although
most savings associations must generally have core capital equal to at least 4.0
percent of adjusted total assets); and (3) "total" capital equal to 8.0 percent
of "risk- weighted" assets. For purposes of the regulation, "core capital" is
defined as common stockholders' equity (including retained earnings),
non-cumulative perpetual preferred stock and related surplus, minority interests
in the equity accounts of fully consolidated subsidiaries, certain
non-withdrawable accounts and pledged deposits and "qualifying supervisory
goodwill." Core capital is generally reduced by the amount of a savings
association's intangible assets, although limited exceptions to the deduction of
intangible assets are provided for purchase mortgage servicing rights and
certain other intangibles. Tangible capital is core capital less all intangible
assets, with a limited exception for purchased mortgage servicing rights.
Both core and tangible capital are also reduced by an amount equal to a
savings association's debt and equity investments in subsidiaries engaged in
activities not permissible for national banks (with certain exceptions such as
when the subsidiaries are engaged in activities undertaken as agent for
customers or in mortgage banking activities).
A savings association is allowed to include both core capital and
supplementary capital in the calculation of its total capital for purposes of
the risk-based capital requirements, as long as the amount of supplementary
capital included does not exceed the savings association's core capital.
Supplementary capital consists of (1) certain capital instruments that do not
qualify as core capital and (2) general valuation loan and lease loss allowances
up to a maximum of 1.25 percent of risk-weighted assets. In determining the
required amount of risk-based capital, total assets, including certain
off-balance sheet items, are multiplied by a risk weight based on the risk
inherent in the type of assets. The risk weights range from 0.0 percent to 100
percent.
Off-balance sheet items also are adjusted to take into account certain
risk characteristics. Under the risk- based capital standard, savings
associations are required to maintain a ratio of total capital to risk-weighted
assets of at least 8.0 percent.
The OTS has adopted final regulations adding an interest rate risk
component to the risk-based capital requirements for savings associations.
Implementation of the regulation has been delayed.
Utah Federal is currently in compliance with each of the OTS's capital
requirement. As of June 30, 1996, Utah Federal has tangible capital equal to
9.29 percent of adjusted total assets, core capital equal to 9.29 percent of
adjusted capital assets and total capital equal to 17.07 percent of
risk-weighted assets.
PROMPT CORRECTIVE ACTION. Under FDICIA, each federal banking agency is
required to implement a system of prompt corrective action for institutions
which it regulates. In September 1992, the federal banking agencies adopted
substantially similar regulations, which became effective on December 19, 1992,
intended to implement this prompt corrective action system. Under the
regulations, an institution is (1) "well capitalized" if it has a total
risk-based capital ratio of 10.0 percent or more, a Tier I risk-based capital
ratio of 6.0 percent or more, a Tier I leverage capital ratio of 5.0 percent or
more and is not subject to specified requirements to meet and maintain a
specific capital level for any capital measure; (2) "adequately capitalized" if
it has a total risk-based capital ratio of 8.0 percent or more, a Tier I
risk-based capital ratio of 4.0 percent or more, a Tier I leverage capital ratio
of 4.0 percent or more (3.0 percent under certain circumstances) and does not
meet the definition of "well capitalized;"
53
<PAGE> 63
(3) "undercapitalized" if it has a total risk-based capital ratio of under 8.0
percent, a Tier I risk-based capital ratio of under 4.0 percent and a Tier I
leverage capital ratio of under 4.0 percent (3.0 percent under certain
circumstances); (4) "significantly undercapitalized" if it has a total
risk-based capital ratio of under 6.0 percent, a Tier I risk-based capital ratio
of under 3.0 percent, a Tier I leverage capital ratio of under 3.0 percent; and
(5) "critically undercapitalized" if it has a ratio of tangible equity to total
assets of 2.0 percent or less.
Undercapitalized institutions are subject to certain prompt corrective
requirements, regulatory controls and restrictions which become more extensive
as the institution becomes more severely undercapitalized.
LIQUIDITY REQUIREMENTS. Federal law and regulations currently require
all savings associations such as Utah Federal to maintain, for each calendar
month, an average daily balance of liquid assets equal to five percent of the
sum of its average daily balance of net withdrawable deposit accounts and
borrowings payable in one year or less.
Liquid assets for purposes of this ratio include specified short-term
assets (e.g., cash, certain time deposits, certain banker's acceptances and
short-term United States Government obligations), and long-term assets (e.g.,
United States Government obligations of more than one and less than five years
and state agency obligations with a minimum term of 18 months). Short-term
liquid assets currently must constitute at least 1.0 percent of an association's
average daily balance of net withdrawable deposit accounts and current
borrowings. Monetary penalties may be imposed upon associations for violations
of liquidity requirements.
Utah Federal is currently in compliance with the foregoing
requirements.
QUALIFIED THRIFT LENDER TEST. In order to avoid certain restrictions on
their operations, all savings associations, such as Utah Federal, are required
to meet a qualified thrift lender ("QTL") test. Generally, in order to meet the
test, an association must have at least 65 percent of specified assets in
qualified thrift investments. Qualified thrift investments are specified
investments generally related to domestic residential real estate. Any savings
association that fails to meet the QTL test must convert to a bank charter or be
subject to bank-like restrictions on its activities, unless it requalifies as a
QTL within certain time limits.
At June 30, 1996, approximately 84 percent of Utah Federal's assets
were invested in qualified thrift investments, which was in excess of the
percentage required to qualify Utah Federal under the QTL test in effect at that
time.
RESTRICTIONS ON CAPITAL DISTRIBUTIONS. OTS regulations limit the
ability of savings associations such as Utah Federal to pay dividends and make
other capital distributions according to the institution's level of capital and
income, with the greatest flexibility afforded to institutions that meet or
exceed their OTS capital requirements. Under current OTS regulations, a savings
association that exceeds its OTS regulatory capital requirements both before and
after a proposed dividend (or other distribution of capital) and has not been
advised by the OTS that it is in need of more than normal supervision may, after
prior notice to but without the approval of the OTS, make capital distributions
during a calendar year up to the higher of (i) 100 percent of its income during
the calendar year plus the amount that would reduced by one-half its "surplus
capital ratio" (the institution's excess capital over its capital requirements)
at the beginning of the calendar year or (ii) 75 percent of its net income over
the most recent four-quarter period. In addition, such institution may make
capital distributions in excess of the foregoing limits if the OTS does not
object within a 30-day period following notice by the institution.
FEDERAL HOME LOAN BANK SYSTEM. Utah Federal is a member of the FHLB of
Seattle, which is one of the 13 regional FHLBs that administer the home
financing credit functions of savings associations. Each FHLB serves as a
reserve or central bank for its members within its assigned region. It is funded
primarily from proceeds derived from the sale of consolidated obligations of the
FHLB System. It makes loans to members (i.e., advances) in accordance with
policies and procedures established by the Board of Directors of the FHLB. At
June 30, 1996, Utah Federal had no advances from the FHLB of Seattle.
As a member, Utah Federal is required to purchase and maintain stock in
the FHLB of Seattle in an amount equal to at least 1.0 percent of its aggregate
unpaid residential mortgage loans, home purchase contracts or similar
54
<PAGE> 64
obligations at the beginning of each year. At June 30, 1996, Utah Federal had
approximately $4 million in FHLB stock, which was sufficient to remain in
compliance with this requirement.
The FHLBs are required to provide funds for the resolution of troubled
savings associations and to contribute to affordable housing programs through
direct loans or interest subsidies on advances targeted for community investment
in low- and moderate-income housing projects. These contributions have adversely
affected the level of FHLB dividends paid and could continue to do so in the
future. These contributions also could have an adverse effect on the value of
FHLB stock in the future. Dividends paid by the FHLB of Seattle to Utah Federal
for the years ended September 30, 1995, and September 30, 1994, totalled
$234,500 and $306,800, respectively.
FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM. The Federal Reserve Board requires all
depository institutions to maintain reserves against their transaction accounts
(primarily NOW and Super NOW checking accounts). Currently, reserves of 3.0
percent must be maintained against total transaction accounts of $52.0 million
or less, plus 10.0 percent on amounts in excess of such amount. Institutions may
designate and exempt $4.3 million of certain reservable liabilities. These
amounts and percentages are subject to adjustment by the Federal Reserve Board.
Numerous other regulations promulgated by the Federal Reserve Board
affect Utah Federal's business operations. These include regulations relating to
equal credit opportunity, electronic fund transfers, collection of checks, truth
in lending, truth in savings and availability of funds.
The Community Reinvestment Act ("CRA") requires financial institutions
regulated by the federal financial supervisory agencies to ascertain and help
meet the credit needs of their delineated communities, including low-income and
moderate-income neighborhoods within those communities, while maintaining safe
and sound banking practices. The agencies evaluate an institution's CRA
performance based on a four-tiered descriptive rating system and are required to
make public an institution's rating and written evaluation. The four possible
ratings of meeting community credit needs are outstanding, satisfactory, needs
to improve, and substantial noncompliance.
Many factors play a role in assessing a financial institution's CRA
performance. The institution's regulator must consider its financial capacity
and size, legal impediments, local economic conditions and demographics,
including the competitive environment in which it operates. The evaluation does
not rely on absolute standards and the institutions are not required to perform
specific activities or to provide specific amounts or types of credit.
On June 26, 1995, Utah Federal received a "satisfactory" rating from
the OTS.
RECENT AND PROPOSED FEDERAL LEGISLATION.
Federal legislation was enacted in 1994 which will repeal, effective
June 1, 1997, certain restrictions on the establishment of interstate branches
by national banks and state-chartered banks. In addition, banks holding
companies are now generally permitted to buy banks in any state. The effect of
this legislation is generally to increase competition in the financial
institution industry, since it increases the ability of large banks to expand
the geographic scope of their business.
Various proposals have been introduced in Congress which would attempt
to eliminate or reduce the current disparity between BIF deposit insurance
assessment rates and SAIF deposit insurance assessment rates. Among other
things, it has been proposed that a one-time special assessment be imposed on
SAIF-insured institutions such as Utah Federal in order to recapitalize the
SAIF. No assurance can be given as to whether, when or in what form legislation
relating to the SAIF will be enacted. See "THE MERGER -- Certain Considerations
Relating to the Keystone Transaction and Keystone Holdings."
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF
OPERATIONS
The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction
with the financial statements and notes thereto included as "APPENDIX E:
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF UTAH FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK" hereto and with reference to
the discussion of the operations and other financial information presented
elsewhere in this Proxy Statement/Prospectus.
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<PAGE> 65
GENERAL. Utah Federal's business consists primarily of attracting
deposits from the public and originating residential, real estate and
construction loans. Beginning in 1992, Utah Federal made a conscious effort to
modify its traditional loan portfolio mix and undertook to increase its levels
of residential construction, home equity and consumer lending, while maintaining
its traditional long-term residential mortgage lending. Construction and home
equity lending generally pay higher rates of interest but also entail additional
risk as compared with long-term residential mortgage lending. Construction loans
typically involve large loan balances concentrated with single borrowers or
groups of related borrowers. In addition, home equity lending involves loans
secured by second mortgages incurred by consumers borrowing against the equity
in their homes.
Utah Federal's net income is derived principally from net interest
income. Utah Federal exceeded all of its regulatory capital requirements at
June 30, 1996.
NET INTEREST INCOME. The primary component of Utah Federal's net income
is net interest income, which is the difference between interest and fees earned
on earning assets and interest paid on interest-bearing deposits and borrowed
funds. Net interest income, when expressed as a percentage of total average
earning assets, is referred to as the net interest margin. Net interest income
is affected by changes in the amount of earning assets and interest-bearing
liabilities; these are referred to as volume changes. It is also affected by
changes in yields earned on earning assets and rates paid on interest-bearing
deposits and other borrowed funds; these are referred to as rate changes.
ANALYSIS OF INTEREST CHANGES DUE TO VOLUME AND RATES. The following
table sets forth changes in interest income and interest expense for each major
category of earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities and the amount of
change attributed to volume and rate changes for the periods indicated. Changes
not due entirely to changes in volume or rate have been allocated
proportionately to the changes due to volume and the changes due to rate.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Nine Months Ended June 30, 1996
Compared to Nine Months Ended
June 30, 1995
---------------------------------------
Volume Rate Total
------- ----- ------
(in thousands)
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Interest income:
Loans receivable ............................. $ 810 $ 209 $1,019
Mortgage-backed securities ................... (310) 86 (224)
Investment securities ........................ 17 73 90
Other interest-bearing assets ................ (61) (51) (112)
----- ----- ------
Total change in interest income ................ 456 317 773
Interest expense:
Interest-bearing deposits .................... 71 445 516
Borrowed money ............................... (27) (1) (26)
----- ----- ------
Total change in interest expense ............... 44 446 490
----- ----- ------
Increase (decrease) in net interest income ..... $ 412 $(129) $ 283
===== ===== ======
</TABLE>
56
<PAGE> 66
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended September 30, 1995
Compared to Year Ended
September 30, 1994
---------------------------------
Volume Rate Total
------- ------- -------
(in thousands)
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Interest income:
Loans receivable .......................... $ 850 $ 169 $ 1,019
Mortgage-backed securities ................ (43) 463 420
Investment securities ..................... (40) (58) (98)
Other interest-bearing assets ............. (332) (94) (238)
------- ------- -------
Total change in interest income ......... (435) 668 1,103
------- ------- -------
Interest expense:
Interest-bearing deposits ................. (40) 343 303
Borrowed money ............................ (88) (1) (89)
------- ------- -------
Total change in interest expense ........ (128) 342 214
------- ------- -------
Increase (decrease) in net interest income .. $ 563 $ 326 $ 889
======= ======= =======
</TABLE>
ANALYSIS OF AVERAGE BALANCES AND NET INTEREST MARGIN. The following
tables set forth information regarding average balances of assets and
liabilities, as well as the dollar amounts of shareholders' equity, interest
income and interest expense, average yields and rates and net interest margin
for the nine months ended June 30, 1996, and 1995, and the years ended September
30, 1995, and 1994.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Nine Months Ended June 30,
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
1996 1995
------------------------------------ ------------------------------------
Average Average
Balance Interest Yield/Cost Balance Interest Yield/Cost
--------- -------- ----------- -------- -------- ----------
(IN THOUSANDS)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Interest-earning assets:
Loans receivable ................. $ 87,252 $6,083 9.30% $ 75,629 $5,064 8.93%
Mortgage-backed securities ....... 20,980 1,028 6.53 27,893 1,252 5.98
Investment securities ............ 3,961 258 8.68 3,700 168 6.05
Other interest-earning assets .... 7,122 251 4.70 8,573 363 5.65
-------- ------ -------- ------
Total interest-earning assets .... $119,315 $7,620 8.52 $115,795 $6,847 7.88
======== ====== ======== ======
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Interest-bearing deposits ........ $108,711 4,193 5.14 106,858 3,677 4.59
Borrowed money ................... 97 6 8.25 569 32 7.50
-------- ------ -------- ------
$108,808 4,199 5.15 $107,427 3,709 4.60
======== ========
Net interest income ................ $3,421 $3,138
====== ======
Interest rate spread ............... 3.37 3.28
====== ======
Net yield on average
interest-earning assets .......... 3.82 3.61
====== ======
Interest-earning assets to
interest-bearing liabilities ..... 108.74% 107.79%
====== ======
</TABLE>
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<PAGE> 67
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Fiscal Year Ended September 30
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1995 1994
--------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------
Average Average
Balance Interest Yield/Cost Balance Interest Yield/Cost
-------- -------- ---------- -------- -------- ----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Interest-earning assets:
Loans receivable...................... $ 79,311 $7,198 9.08% $ 69,949 $6,179 8.83%
Mortgage-backed securities............ 26,945 1,666 6.18 27,910 1,246 4.46
Investment securities................. 3,733 235 6.30 4,237 333 7.86
Other interest-earning assets......... 8,311 402 4.84 17,288 640 3.70
-------- ------ ------ -------- ------
Total interest-earning assets......... $118,300 $9,501 8.03 $119,384 $8,398 7.03
======== ====== ======== ======
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Interest-bearing deposits............. $107,878 5,073 4.70 108,801 4,770 4.38
Borrowed money........................ 487 37 7.60 1,608 126 7.84
-------- ------ -------- ------
$108,365 5,110 4.71 $110,409 4,896 4.43
======== ========
Net interest income..................... $4,391 $3,502
====== ======
Interest rate spread.................... 3.32 2.60
====== ======
Net yield on average
interest-earning assets............... 3.71 2.93
====== ======
Interest-earning assets to
interest-bearing liabilities.......... 109.17% 108.13%
====== ======
</TABLE>
COMPARISON OF OPERATING RESULTS FOR THE NINE MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 1996, AND
1995
GENERAL. Net income for the nine months ended June 30, 1996, was
$1,309,779, or $9.42 per share, an increase of $590,000 or 82 percent, as
compared to $719,687 or $7.13 per share, for the same period in 1995. Return on
average assets for the nine months ended June 30, 1996 was 1.42 percent as
compared to 0.80 percent for the same period in 1995. Return on average equity
also increased to 16.19 percent for the nine months ended June 30, 1996, as
compared to 10.40 percent for the same period in 1995. The increases in net
income, return on average assets and return on average equity were principally
due to higher market interest rates that prevailed throughout 1995, a
substantial increase in the volume of mortgage and construction loans closed,
the majority of which were sold into the secondary market and the significant
shift to higher rate construction and home equity loans in the loan portfolio
mix. Additionally, the lag effect from the downward repricing of deposit
liabilities during the previous several quarters lowered the cost of funds and
increased the net interest margin and net income.
NET INTEREST INCOME. Total interest income for the nine months ended
June 30, 1996, was $7,620,000, an increase of $773,000 or 11.29 percent, from
$6,647,000 for the same period in 1995. Asset yields increased 64 basis points
to 8.52 percent in the nine months ended June 30, 1996, from 7.88 percent in the
same period of 1995. This is a result of an increase in market interest rates,
changes in the loan mix and repricing of liabilities as described in the
preceding paragraph.
Total interest expense for the nine months ended June 30, 1996, was
$4,199,000, an increase of $490,000 or 13.21 percent from $3,709,000 for the
same period in 1995. The increase in interest expense resulted from the higher
rates paid on all deposits as market interest rates increased. Rates paid on
total interest-bearing liabilities rose 55 basis points to 5.15 percent for the
nine months ended June 30, 1996, from 4.60 percent for the same period in 1995.
For further discussion of Utah Federal's interest sensitivity see "INFORMATION
CONCERNING UTAH FEDERAL -- Business -- Asset and Liability Management."
Overall net interest income (not including fees on loans) increased
$283,000, and the net interest margin increased to 3.37 percent in the nine
months ended June 30, 1996, from 3.28 percent in the same period of 1995. Utah
Federal's interest sensitive assets exceed interest sensitive liabilities, which
in the higher interest rate environment of the nine months ended June 30, 1995,
contributed to a greater increase in interest income than the increase in
interest expense.
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<PAGE> 68
PROVISION FOR LOAN LOSSES. For the nine months ended June 30, 1996, and
1995, there was no addition to the allowance for loan losses. Utah Federal's
allowance for loan losses was $1,650,000 (1.96 percent of total loans) at
June 30, 1996, compared to $1,666,000 (2.06 percent of total loans) at June 30,
1995. This small change is due to charge-offs of $16,000. No additional
provisions for loan losses have been expensed during the nine month period ended
June 30, 1996.
OTHER INCOME. Other operating income for the nine months ended June 30,
1996, was $774,000, a decrease of $21,000 or 2.64 percent from $795,000 for
the same period in 1995. The decrease was due to a decrease of $175,000,
primarily resulting from the recognition of a prior period tax settlement,
which decrease was partially offset by an increase of $154,000 from gains on
the sale of loans into the secondary market.
GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSE. General and administrative expense
decreased by $133,000 to $2,956,000 for the nine months ended June 30, 1996,
compared to $3,089,403 for the same period in 1995. The increase was primarily
caused by an increase in salaries and employee benefits of $76,113 and an
increase in occupancy expense of $70,000. Such increases were partially offset
by a decrease of $98,000 in other expenses, primarily resulting from tighter
expense controls and decreases in real estate holdings and their resultant
costs.
PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES. The provision for income taxes was $458,000
for the six months ended March 31, 1996, compared to $248,000 for the same
period in 1995.
COMPARISON OF OPERATING RESULTS FOR THE YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 1995, AND 1994
GENERAL. Utah Federal's net income for the year ended September 30,
1995, was $1,370,000, or $13.65 per share. This represented an increase of
$235,000, or 20.70 percent, as compared to $1,135,000, or $11.35 per share, for
fiscal 1994. Return on average assets was 1.13 percent in fiscal 1995 compared
with 0.92 percent in fiscal 1994. Return on average equity was 14.35 percent in
1995 compared to 13.50 percent for 1994. The increases in net income, return on
average assets and return on average equity were principally due to higher
market interest rates that prevailed throughout fiscal 1995 and, to a lesser
degree, an increase in interest-earning assets. Offsetting a portion of the
greater net interest income was an increase in general and administrative
expenses, primarily salaries and employee benefits.
NET INTEREST INCOME. Total interest income for the year ended September
30, 1995, was $10,002,000, an increase of $1,330,000, or 15.34 percent, from
$8,672,000 for fiscal 1994. This increase was principally due to an increase of
$9,362,000 in average loans receivable and higher yields on most
interest-earning assets. Asset yields increased 100 basis points to 8.03 percent
for 1995 from 7.03 percent in fiscal 1994 as interest rates increased and as a
result of the change in Utah Federal's loan portfolio mix to include the higher
risk and higher margin construction and home equity lending.
Total interest expense for the year ended September 30, 1995, was
$5,110,000, an increase of $214,000 or 4.37 percent from $4,896,000 for 1994.
The increase in interest expense resulted from the higher rates paid on all
deposits as market interest rates increased. Rates paid on total
interest-bearing liabilities rose 28 basis points to 4.71 percent for 1995 from
4.43 percent for 1994.
Overall net interest income increased $1,116,000 and the net interest
margin increased to 3.32 percent for 1995 from 2.60 percent in 1994. Utah
Federal's interest sensitive assets exceed interest sensitive liabilities, which
in the higher interest rate environment of 1995 contributed a greater increase
in interest income than the increase in interest expense. Additionally, the
increase in yields on earning assets exceeded the increase in rates paid on
interest-bearing liabilities.
PROVISION FOR LOAN LOSSES. For the year ended September 30, 1995, and
1994, there was no provision for loan losses. Utah Federal's allowance for loan
losses was $1,661,841 (1.86 percent of total loans) at September 30, 1995,
compared to $1,677,000 (2.37 percent of total loans) at September 30, 1994. This
small change is due to net charge-offs of $15,000.
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<PAGE> 69
OTHER INCOME. Other income decreased by $186,000 from $1,103,000 in
fiscal 1994 to $917,000 in fiscal 1995. This decrease was primarily due to the
recognition in 1994 of a prior period tax settlement.
GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSE. Total general and administrative
expense increased by $490,000 to $4,066,000, or 13.05 percent, for the year
ended September 30, 1995, compared to $3,576,000 for the same period in 1994.
The increase was primarily due to an increase in salaries and employee benefits
by $473,000, which was largely a result of changing to a commission structure
for compensating mortgage loan officers. The increase was partially offset by a
decrease in real estate holding costs, resulting from the elimination in 1995 of
the large volumes of real estate owned, and a decrease in FDIC assessments by
$25,000 due to a decreased assessment rate. Data processing expenses also
increased $23,000 due to a change in service bureau.
PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES. the provision for income taxes was $374,000
for the year ended September 30, 1995, compared to $167,000 for the same period
in 1994.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS
At June 30, 1995, Utah Federal's shareholders' equity was $11,396,463
as compared to $10,180,000 at September 30, 1995, and $8,906,000 at September
30, 1994. Net income of $1,309,779 for the nine months ended June 30, 1996, and
$1,370,000 for the year ended September 30, 1995, provided Utah Federal's
capital accumulation for these periods. During the nine months ended June 30,
1996, a dividend of $0.80 per share, or $80,800, was paid on Utah Federal Common
Stock. During each of the years ended September 30, 1995 and September 30, 1994,
a dividend of $0.60 per share, or $60,000, was paid on the Utah Federal Common
Stock.
During each of the years ended September 30, 1995 and September 30, 1994, and
during the first quarter of fiscal 1996, a seven percent dividend (approximately
$14,000 per quarter) was paid on the Utah Federal preferred stock. In February
1996, the preferred stock was converted on a one-for-one basis into shares of
Utah Federal Common Stock.
Utah Federal is subject to capital adequacy guidelines promulgated by
FIRREA. Under the guidelines savings banks must maintain certain minimum levels
of tangible capital, core capital and risk-based capital as defined by the Act.
Utah Federal was in compliance with all regulatory capital requirements at June
30, 1996, and all previous periods. The FIRREA requirement for tangible, core
and risk-based capital is 1.5 percent, 3.0 percent and 8.0 percent of these
respective capital amounts as calculated in accordance with the Act. Utah
Federal's tangible, core and risk-based capital as of June 30, 1996, was 9.3
percent, 9.3 percent and 17.0 percent, respectively.
Utah Federal's primary source of funds are from customer deposits, net
income and principal and interest payments on loans. In addition, Utah Federal
has a $18,485,000 credit line with the FHLB that is available to meet liquidity
requirements. At June 30, 1996, there was no borrowing under such credit line.
Utah Federal is required to maintain a five percent minimum level of liquid
assets. As of June 30, 1996, such minimum liquidity level was $5,436,000. Utah
Federal's liquid assets totaled $12,233,000 at that date, giving Utah Federal
$6,797,000 of excess liquidity.
At June 30, 1996, Utah Federal had commitments to fund loans totaling
$26,055,800. These commitments are expected to be funded from Utah Federal's
usual funding sources.
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<PAGE> 70
BENEFICIAL OWNERSHIP OF UTAH FEDERAL COMMON STOCK
The following table sets forth information as of October 31, 1996, with
respect to shares of Utah Federal Common Stock beneficially owned (i) by each
director of Utah Federal, (ii) by all directors and executive officers of Utah
Federal as a group and (iii) by all persons believed by management to own
beneficially more than five percent of the Utah Federal Common Stock:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Percent of
Total Shares
Name Shares (1) Outstanding
---- ---------- -----------
<S> <C> <C>
Ernest J. Miller........................... 134,609 94.8%
P.O. Box 305
Hyrum, UT 84319
Michael R. Garrett......................... 3,100(2) 2.18
John E. Clay............................... 100 *
Morris H. Kulmer........................... 2,000 1.4
Richard E. Myers........................... 100 *
Steven J. Thunell.......................... 220 *
L. Brent Hoggan............................ 400 *
Val J. Petersen............................ 390 *
All directors and executive officers
as a group (8 persons)................... 137,919 97.13
</TABLE>
- ---------------
* Less than one percent.
(1) Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with the rules of the
Commission and generally includes voting or investment power with
respect to securities. Shares of Utah Federal Common Stock subject to
options currently exercisable or convertible, or exercisable or
convertible within 60 days, are deemed outstanding in computing the
percentage of the person holding such option and the percentage of
directors and executive officers as a group, but are not considered to
be outstanding in computing the percentage of any other person.
(2) Includes 3,000 shares of Utah Federal Common Stock held of record by
Mr. Garrett, which shares are held in a voting trust over which Mr.
Miller, as the voting trustee, exercises sole voting power. Pursuant to
the terms of the nonstatutory stock option voting trust agreement
between Mr. Garrett and Mr. Miller, such 3,000 shares of Utah Federal
Common Stock are subject to the voting trust for a term of 10 years to
be voted by the voting trustee.
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INFORMATION CONCERNING WASHINGTON MUTUAL
The following is a discussion of certain matters related to Washington Mutual.
GENERAL
Washington Mutual is a Washington corporation that provides a broad range
of financial services to individuals and small businesses in Washington, Oregon,
Utah, Montana and Idaho through its subsidiary operations. The principal assets
of Washington Mutual are its principal subsidiaries, including its bank
subsidiaries, WMB and WMBfsb, and its insurance subsidiary, WM Life. Financial
services of the Company include the traditional savings bank activities of
accepting deposits from the general public and making residential loans,
consumer loans and limited types of commercial real estate loans (primarily
multi-family) and, more recently, certain commercial banking activities as
discussed below. Washington Mutual, through other subsidiaries, also issues and
markets annuity contracts and is the investment advisor to and distributor of
mutual funds.
On July 22, 1996, Washington Mutual announced the signing of the Keystone
Merger Agreement. See "APPENDIX F" for further detailed information regarding
the Keystone Transaction and Keystone Holdings.
Thrift institutions such as Washington Mutual traditionally have funded
loans to homeowners with short-term savings deposits and borrowings. During any
given time period, a large volume of savings deposits and borrowings reprice,
but only a comparatively smaller volume of loans mature or reprice. As a
consequence, the loans still outstanding must be financed with new or repriced
liabilities bearing interest rates, which, depending on market conditions, may
be considerably higher than the original rate. This mismatch between asset and
liability maturities benefits a thrift institution when market interest rates
fall, but adversely affects profitability when interest rates rise. (For a
discussion of the impact of interest rates on the Company's financial
performance, see "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Position and
Results of Operations - Results of Operations and Interest Rate Risk
Management.")
On September 9, 1996, Washington Mutual continued its expansion in the
Utah market by announcing its agreement to acquire United Western and its
United Savings Bank, Uniwest Service Corporation and Western Mortgage Loan
subsidiaries for $80.3 million in cash. The acquisition is subject to approval
by banking regulators and by the shareholders of United Western and other
conditions customary in a transaction of this nature.
On August 31, 1995, Washington Mutual diversified its business mix through
a merger of Enterprise Bank ("Enterprise") with and into WMB. Enterprise was a
Seattle-area commercial bank that focused on small- to mid-size commercial
business clients. On January 31, 1996, Western Bank ("Western") of Coos Bay,
Oregon merged with and into WMB. With 42 offices in 35 communities, Western was
Oregon's largest community-based commercial bank. These two mergers provide the
Company with access to the higher growth business segment of commercial banking.
Because the Western merger was not completed until January 31, 1996,
Western's results of operations and analysis of financial position are not
included in the financial information contained in Washington Mutual's Annual
Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1995. This information has
been restated to include Western in Washington Mutual's Current Report on Form
8-K dated October 18, 1996, as amended.
During the first half of 1993, Washington Mutual merged with Pioneer
Savings Bank ("Pioneer") and acquired Pacific First Bank ("Pacific First"). As a
result of these business combinations, the Company became substantially larger,
with significant operations in Oregon as well as Washington. In 1994 and 1995,
Washington Mutual continued to expand its operations through business
combinations with other financial institutions in Washington and Utah. See
"Business Combinations."
At June 30, 1996, Washington Mutual, through its subsidiaries, operated a
total of 297 financial centers and 23 loan centers. At June 30, 1996,
Washington Mutual had total consolidated assets of $22.3 billion, total
deposits of $11.0 billion and stockholders' equity of $1.6 billion.
The principal executive offices of Washington Mutual are located in the
Washington Mutual Tower, 1201 Third Avenue, Suite 1500, Seattle, Washington,
98101, and its telephone number is (206) 461-2000.
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THE REORGANIZATION
Washington Mutual was formed in August 1994 by the Company's predecessor,
Washington Mutual Savings Bank ("WMSB"), a Washington state-chartered savings
bank, in connection with the reorganization of WMSB into a holding company
structure (the "Reorganization"). The Reorganization was completed in November
1994 through the merger of WMSB into WMB, the Company's Washington
state-chartered savings bank subsidiary, with WMB as the surviving entity. As a
result of the Reorganization, Washington Mutual became the parent company of
the companies of which WMSB was, prior to the Reorganization, the parent
company. Because Washington Mutual owns WMB and WMBfsb, Washington Mutual is a
savings and loan holding company under federal law and, as such, is subject to
regulation by the Office of Thrift Supervision ("OTS").
As a result of the Reorganization, all shareholders of WMSB became
shareholders of Washington Mutual. Each outstanding share of WMSB common stock
was converted into one share of Washington Mutual Common Stock, no par value
per share, and each outstanding share of WMSB 9.12% Noncumulative Perpetual
Preferred Stock, Series C; $6.00 Noncumulative Convertible Perpetual Preferred
Stock, Series D; and 7.60% Noncumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series E,
was converted on a share-for-share basis into Washington Mutual 9.12%
Noncumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series C; $6.00 Noncumulative
Convertible Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series D; and 7.60% Noncumulative
Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series E, with substantially the same relative
rights, privileges and preferences.
Except where otherwise indicated, references hereinafter to "Washington
Mutual" or the "Company" refer to both (i) Washington Mutual Inc. and its
consolidated subsidiaries after the consummation of the Reorganization and
(ii) WMSB and its consolidated subsidiaries prior to the consummation of the
Reorganization. Hereinafter, "WMB" is used to refer both to WMB and its
predecessor, WMSB.
WASHINGTON MUTUAL'S OPERATING SUBSIDIARIES
Washington Mutual Bank
WMB's principal business is providing a broad range of financial services,
primarily to consumers. These services include the traditional savings bank
activities of accepting deposits from the general public and making residential
mortgage loans, consumer loans and limited types of commercial real estate
loans, primarily multi-family. Beginning in the latter half of 1995, WMB,
through its merger with Enterprise, diversified its traditional activities into
commercial lending.
On December 1, 1995, Washington Mutual, a Federal Savings Bank ("FSB"), a
federally chartered savings bank subsidiary of WMB with operations in Washington
and Oregon and total assets of $8,566.8 million at September 30, 1995, merged
with and into WMB, with WMB as the surviving entity. At December 31, 1995, WMB
had total assets of $19,928.8 million and operated 225 financial centers, of
which 154 are in Washington and 71 are in Oregon, and 21 loan centers, of which
14 are in Washington and seven are in Oregon.
WMB operates under Title 32 (Mutual Savings Banks) of the Revised Code of
Washington. Its deposits are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance
Corporation ("FDIC") through the Bank Insurance Fund ("BIF") and the Savings
Association Insurance Fund ("SAIF").
Washington Mutual Bank fsb
WMBfsb is a federal savings bank formed in 1994 to participate in a
supervisory acquisition of certain branches of a federal savings bank from the
Resolution Trust Corporation. WMBfsb's principal business includes the
traditional savings association activity of accepting deposits from the general
public and making residential loans, consumer loans and limited types of
commercial real estate loans, primarily multi-family. At December 31, 1995,
WMBfsb had assets of $654.3 million and operated 23 financial centers, of which
16 are in Utah, four are in Idaho, two are in Montana and one is in Oregon, and
operated one loan center in Idaho and one in Utah. WMBfsb's deposits are insured
by the FDIC through the SAIF.
WM Life Insurance Company
WM Life is an Arizona-domiciled life insurance company. WM Life is
authorized under state law to issue annuities in seven states. In addition, WM
Life owns Empire Life Insurance Co. ("Empire"), which is currently licensed
under state law to
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issue annuities in 28 states. WM Life currently issues fixed and variable
flexible premium deferred annuities, single premium fixed deferred annuities and
single premium immediate annuities. Empire currently issues fixed flexible
premium deferred annuities and single premium immediate annuities. Both
companies conduct business through licensed independent agents. The majority of
such agents are employees of affiliates of the Company and operate in the
Company's financial centers. Currently, annuities are primarily issued in
Washington and Oregon.
Murphey Favre, Inc.
Murphey Favre, Inc. ("Murphey Favre") is a registered broker-dealer that
offers a broad range of securities brokerage services, including distribution of
mutual funds. Murphey Favre has seven free-standing offices, and Murphey Favre
representatives are available for consultation regularly or by appointment in
many of the Company's financial centers.
Composite Research & Management Co.
Composite Research & Management Co. ("Composite Research") is a registered
investment advisor. Composite Research is the investment advisor of eight mutual
funds and offers separate investment management for large accounts. As of
December 31, 1995, Composite Research had a total of $1,268.5 million in funds
under management in the eight mutual funds.
LENDING ACTIVITIES
General
The Company's lending activities are carried on through its banking
subsidiaries, WMB and WMBfsb. As of December 31, 1995, the Company's total loan
portfolio (carried at historical cost) of $12,673.8 million (exclusive of
reserve for loan losses) included $7,749.0 million in mortgage loans secured by
first liens on 1-4 family residential properties; $578.6 million in residential
construction loans; $1,690.9 million in mortgage loans secured by commercial
properties such as apartment buildings, office buildings, warehouses, shopping
centers and medical office buildings; $2,597.3 million in consumer loans; and
$58.0 million in commercial loans. (For a discussion of the fair value of the
loan portfolio, see "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data -- Note 27:
Fair Value of Financial Instruments.")
Washington state law gives state-chartered savings banks such as WMB broad
lending powers, subject to certain statutory restrictions on total investment in
different types of loans. WMB may make loans secured by residential and
commercial real estate, secured and unsecured consumer loans, and secured and
unsecured commercial loans. WMBfsb has narrower lending authority, but can make
loans secured by residential and commercial real estate, certain secured and
unsecured consumer loans, and a limited amount of secured and unsecured
commercial loans.
In originating loans, the Company must compete directly with other savings
banks, savings and loan associations, commercial banks, mortgage companies and
life insurance companies (primarily in the commercial real estate area) and
indirectly with government-sponsored agencies such as the Federal National
Mortgage Association ("FNMA") or the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation
("FHLMC"). In addition, the Company's lending activities are heavily influenced
by economic trends affecting the availability of funds and by general interest
rate levels as well as by competitive factors such as the lower cost structure
of less regulated originators and the influence of government-sponsored agencies
in establishing rates. The condition of the construction industry and the demand
for housing also directly affect residential lending volumes.
During 1995, Washington Mutual took steps to diversify its operations by
acquiring two commercial banks through mergers with and into WMB. In August, WMB
merged with Enterprise, a Bellevue, Washington-based commercial bank
specializing in lending to small- and mid-size businesses. In October,
Washington Mutual signed an agreement to merge WMB with Western, a commercial
bank with branch operations throughout Oregon. The Western merger was completed
on January 31, 1996.
Residential Real Estate Loans
The Company makes available to borrowers in its primary consumer market
area a full range of residential loans, including FHA-insured and VA-guaranteed
loans, conventional fixed-rate loans for terms of five, 15 or 30 years, and
adjustable-rate mortgage loans ("ARMs"). ARMs are advantageous to the Company
because adjustable-rate loans better match its natural liability base. However,
Washington Mutual's ability to originate ARMs in lieu of fixed-rate loans has
varied in response to
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changes in market interest rates. Between 1992 and 1993, ARMs constituted less
than 25 percent of residential loan originations, reflecting continuing lower
market interest rates. When interest rates rose in 1994, ARMs totaled 62 percent
of residential loan originations. However, interest rates declined mid-1995 and,
as a result, ARMs totaled 32 percent of residential loan originations during
1995.
Under the Company's current ARM programs, the borrower may choose among
loans that have the initial interest rate fixed for one, three or five years
before the adjustments begin. Currently ARMs are indexed to the one-year
Treasury Securities Index and have annual caps of two percent. Under most
options, the borrower may elect, between the sixth and the sixtieth months, to
convert to a fixed-rate loan payable over the remainder of the original term.
There is no conversion fee, and the fixed interest rate is indexed to the
then-current required net yield for loans sold to FNMA.
Originations in 1993 and early 1994 included significant refinancing
activity that was generated by low market interest rates. Higher interest rates
in 1994 curtailed refinancing activity for the year. Consequently, total lending
volumes in 1994 were below those in 1993. Refinancings increased again during
the second half of 1995 as market interest rates declined.
All of the Company's residential mortgage lending is subject to
nondiscriminatory underwriting standards, and most is subject to loan
origination and documentation procedures acceptable to the secondary market.
Residential loans are originated using standard FNMA and FHLMC applications and
appraisal forms. All loans are subject to underwriting review and approval by
various levels of Company personnel, depending on the size of the loan.
Residential loan applications come in through various channels, primarily the
Company's loan centers and financial centers.
Mortgage insurance currently is required on all residential real estate
loans originated at a loan-to-value ratio of 90 percent and above. Any
exceptions must be reported to the board of the subsidiary bank issuing the
credit. As of December 31, 1995, 8 percent of the residential real estate loan
portfolio had loan-to-value ratios of 90 percent or above at origination and
were without mortgage insurance.
The Company from time to time, depending upon its asset and liability
management strategy, converts a portion of its 15-year and 30-year, fixed-rate
mortgage production into either FHLMC participation certificates, Government
National Mortgage Association ("GNMA") mortgage-backed securities or FNMA
conventional mortgage-backed securities, primarily for sale in the secondary
market. This securitization of its loans provides the Company with increased
liquidity both because the mortgage securities are more readily marketable than
the underlying loans and because they can be used as collateral for borrowing.
In addition to interest earned on loans, the Company receives fees for
originating loans and for providing loan commitments. The Company also charges
fees for loan modifications, late payments, changes of property ownership and
other miscellaneous services. Fees received in connection with loan originations
are deferred and amortized into interest income over the life of the loan. The
Company also receives fees for servicing loans for others.
Primarily as a result of recent business combinations, the size of the
Company's residential loan portfolio has increased dramatically. While there has
been some shifting in the geographic dispersement of the portfolio toward
California and other states, the bulk of the Company's residential loan
portfolio remains focused in Washington and Oregon (90 percent of the portfolio
at December 31, 1995). Although the residential loans made by banks acquired by
Washington Mutual were not underwritten according to the specific guidelines of
the Company, they generally were underwritten to conform to FNMA and FHLMC
standards.
Residential real estate loans totaled $7,749.0 million or 61 percent of the
loan portfolio at December 31, 1995, compared with $8,004.3 million or 64
percent a year earlier.
Residential Construction Loans
Washington Mutual provides financing for two different categories of
residential construction loans. A custom construction loan is made to the
intended occupant of a house to finance its construction. Speculative
construction loans are made to borrowers who are in the business of building
homes for resale. Speculative construction loans are made either on a house-by-
house basis or, in certain circumstances, through a collateralized, limited line
of credit. Speculative construction lending involves somewhat more risk than
custom construction loans and involves different underwriting considerations.
All construction loans require approval by various levels of Company personnel,
depending on the size of the loan. Construction loans for nonconforming
residential properties (properties other than single-family detached houses) are
subject to more stringent approval requirements.
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Residential construction loans totaled $578.6 million or 5 percent of the
loan portfolio at December 31, 1995, compared with $516.5 million or 4 percent a
year earlier. At year-end 1995, 57 percent of the portfolio were custom
construction loans and 43 percent were speculative construction loans.
Commercial Real Estate Loans
The Boards of Directors of both WMB and WMBfsb have adopted lending
policies that generally limit future commercial real estate loan originations to
Washington, Oregon, Idaho, Utah, Montana and contiguous states. The Company's
existing commercial real estate loan portfolio is principally concentrated in
Washington, Oregon and California.
In all commercial real estate lending, the Company considers the location,
marketability and overall attractiveness of the project. Washington Mutual's
current underwriting guidelines for commercial real estate loans require an
economic analysis of each property with regard to the annual revenue and
expenses, debt service coverage and fair value to determine the maximum loan
amount. Commercial real estate loans require approval at various levels of
Company personnel, depending on the size of the loan.
Commercial real estate lending generally entails greater risks than
residential mortgage lending. Commercial real estate loans typically involve
large loan balances concentrated with single borrowers or groups of related
borrowers. In addition, the payment experience on loans secured by
income-producing properties usually depends on the successful operation of the
related real estate project and thus may be subject, to a greater extent, to
adverse conditions in the real estate market or in the economy generally. In
recent years, commercial real estate values in many areas of the country have
substantially declined, particularly in California, as a result of excess supply
and weak economies.
During the past few years, Washington Mutual has shifted its commercial
real estate lending to focus on small- to medium-size apartment lending ($2.5
million or less). During 1995, originations of apartment loans totaled $96.6
million, up from $92.1 million during 1994. Other commercial real estate lending
totaled $22.9 million versus $23.0 million for the same time periods. The shift
to apartment lending will be somewhat moderated by the Company's diversification
into commercial banking; both the Enterprise and Western commercial real estate
portfolios contain predominately nonresidential commercial real estate.
In order to monitor its commercial real estate loan portfolio, the Company
periodically (i) inspects real estate collateral based on the loan risk
classification, the loan size and the location of the collateral; (ii) analyzes
the economic condition of markets in which the Company has a geographic
concentration; and (iii) reviews operating statements and rent rolls, updated
financial and tax statements of borrowers, evidence of insurance coverage and
evidence that real estate taxes have been paid. These procedures are designed to
analyze the economic viability of the property and to determine whether or not
the debt service coverage and loan-to-value ratios remain consistent with the
Company's underwriting policies. It is the intention of management to perform a
continual review of the commercial real estate loan portfolio in light of the
condition of the real estate market. Based upon the above procedures, the
Company classifies loans that fall below underwriting standards into various
risk or watch categories.
In 1993, the acquisition of Pacific First added approximately $966.1
million to the Company's commercial real estate loan portfolio. The acquisition
of Pacific First increased the commercial real estate portfolio in California by
approximately one-third or $90.0 million. The Company's Special Credits
department closely monitors this portfolio and regularly revises risk
assessments. The Company believes that, although they do not conform to its
guidelines, the commercial real estate loans acquired from Pacific First were
generally underwritten according to standards and procedures that are acceptable
to management.
As of December 31, 1995, loans within Washington and Oregon accounted for
77 percent of the commercial real estate loan portfolio and loans on
multi-family projects comprised 56 percent of the portfolio.
At December 31, 1995, loans on apartment buildings totaled $938.5 million
and loans on other commercial real estate totaled $752.4 million. Commercial
real estate loans totaled $1,690.9 million or 13 percent of the total loan
portfolio at December 31, 1995, compared with $1,675.4 million or 13 percent a
year earlier.
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Manufactured Housing, Second Mortgage and Other Consumer Loans
The Company offers consumer loan programs in Washington, Oregon, Utah,
Montana and Idaho that include: (i) manufactured housing loans; (ii) second
mortgage loans for a variety of purposes including purchase, renovation, or
remodeling of property, and for uses unrelated to the security; (iii) loans for
the purchase of automobiles, pleasure boats and recreational vehicles; (iv)
student loans; and (v) loans for general household purposes, including loans
made under Washington Mutual's secured line of credit programs. Consumer loans,
in addition to being an important part of the Company's orientation toward
consumer financial services, promote greater net interest income stability
because of their somewhat shorter maturities and faster prepayment
characteristics. The size of the consumer loan portfolio has grown rapidly in
recent years. Lending in this area may involve special risks, including
decreases in the value of collateral and transaction costs associated with
foreclosure and repossession.
Consumer loans generally are secured loans and are made based on an
evaluation of the collateral and the borrower's creditworthiness, including such
factors as income, other indebtedness and credit history. Secured consumer loan
amounts typically do not exceed 80 percent of the value of the collateral, less
the outstanding balance of any first-mortgage loan. Manufactured housing loans
do not exceed 90 percent of the value of the collateral plus taxes and other
costs. Additional limitations may be based on the customer's income, credit
history and other factors showing creditworthiness, and lines of credit are
subject to periodic review, revision and, when deemed appropriate by the
Company, cancellation as a result of changes in the borrower's financial
circumstances.
As a result of the acquisition of Pacific First, the amount of loans in the
Company's portfolio that were originated for the purchase of recreational
vehicles, pleasure boats and automobiles increased. While Washington Mutual is
authorized to make these loans, they have not been a significant part of the
Company's consumer loan business in recent years. As of December 31, 1995, the
Company's portfolio included $85.5 million of recreational vehicle loans, $53.1
million of boat loans and $58.5 million of automobile loans. Some of the Pacific
First recreational vehicle and boat loans were for amounts greater than
$100,000; the additional risk inherent in these loans was considered in
determining the level of the reserve for loan losses acquired from Pacific
First. The other acquisitions completed from 1993 through 1995 did not have a
material effect on the Company's consumer loan portfolio.
Consumer loans totaled $2,597.3 million or 20 percent of the loan portfolio
at December 31, 1995, compared with $2,336.0 million or 19 percent a year
earlier.
Commercial Business
The Company's commercial loans are mainly business loans secured by a
variety of business or personal assets. At December 31, 1995, the majority of
commercial loans were business loans resulting from the Enterprise merger.
Commercial business loans totaled $58.0 million or less than 0.5 percent of
Washington Mutual's loan portfolio at December 31, 1995, up from $2.4 million a
year earlier. Management expects the merger with Western to increase the
commercial business loan portfolio to approximately 3 percent of the loan
portfolio.
ASSET QUALITY
Washington Mutual reviews its assets for weakness on a regular basis.
Adequate reserves are maintained for assets classified as substandard or
doubtful. Any portion of an asset classified as loss is immediately written off.
Washington Mutual's comprehensive process for identifying impaired assets,
classifying assets and asset review are performed on a quarterly basis. The
objective of the review process is to identify any trends and determine the
levels of loss exposure to evaluate the need for an adjustment to the reserve
accounts. Classified assets consist of nonaccrual loans, loans under
foreclosure, real estate owned ("REO") and performing loans (including
substandard trouble debt restructurings) and securities that exhibit credit
quality weaknesses.
The principal measures of asset problems are the levels of nonaccruing
loans, loans under foreclosure and REO, the size of the provision for loan
losses, loan charge-offs and the size of the write-downs in the value of REO.
Management ceases to accrue interest income on any loan that becomes 90
days or more delinquent and reserves all interest accrued up to that time. In
addition, when circumstances indicate concern as to the future collectibility of
the principal of a commercial real estate loan, management stops accruing
interest on the loan, whether or not it has reached the 90-day
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delinquency point. Thereafter, interest income is accrued only if and when, in
management's opinion, projected cash proceeds are deemed sufficient to repay
both principal and interest. All loans on which interest is not being accrued
are referred to as loans on nonaccrual status.
Nonperforming loans include loans on which payment is 90 days or more
delinquent and loans that are under foreclosure (a category that includes
properties for which decrees of foreclosure have been granted but that are held
under sheriffs' certificates pending expiration of the borrowers' redemption
rights).
On January 1, 1995, Washington Mutual adopted Statement of Financial
Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 114, Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of
a Loan. It is applicable to all loans except large groups of smaller-balance
homogeneous loans that are collectively evaluated for impairment, loans measured
at fair value or at the lower of cost or fair value, leases, and debt securities
(as defined by SFAS No. 115, Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and
Equity Securities). It applies to all loans that are restructured in a troubled
debt restructuring, subsequent to the adoption of SFAS No. 114, as defined by
SFAS No. 15, Accounting by Debtors and Creditors for Troubled Debt
Restructurings. A troubled debt restructuring is a restructuring in which the
creditor grants a concession to the borrower that it would not otherwise
consider.
A loan is impaired when it is probable that a creditor will be unable to
collect all amounts due according to the terms of the loan agreement. While an
impaired loan will always be a classified asset, it may or may not be
nonperforming. SFAS No. 114 requires that the valuation of impaired loans be
based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the
loan's effective interest rate or, as a practical expedient, at the loan's
observable market price or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is
collateral dependent.
Real estate that served as security for a defaulted loan and becomes REO is
recorded on the Company's books at the lower of the outstanding loan balance
(net of any reserves charged off) or fair value, the determination of which
takes into account the effect of sales and financing concessions that may be
required to market the property. If management's estimate of fair value at the
time a property becomes REO is less than the loan balance, the loan is written
down at that time by a charge to the reserve for loan losses.
The REO reserve provides for losses that may result from unforeseen market
changes in the REO portfolio and declines in fair values of properties
subsequent to their initial transfer to REO.
REO properties are analyzed periodically to determine the adequacy of the
REO reserve. Any adjustment in the reserve that results from such evaluations is
charged to the results of REO operations in the period in which it is
identified. Personal property that has been repossessed is recorded at the lower
of the outstanding loan balance (net of any charge-offs) or fair value at the
time the property was repossessed.
(See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Position and
Results of Operations -- Asset Quality" for further discussion.)
PROVISION FOR LOAN LOSSES AND RESERVE FOR LOAN LOSSES
Loan loss reserves are based upon management's continuing analysis of
pertinent factors underlying the quality of the loan portfolio. These factors
include changes in the size and composition of the loan portfolio, historical
loan loss experience, industry-wide loss experience, current and anticipated
economic conditions and detailed analysis of individual loans and credits for
which full collectibility may not be assured.
As part of the process of determining the adequacy of the reserve for loan
losses, the Company reviews its loan portfolio for specific weaknesses. This
detailed analysis includes techniques to estimate the fair value of loan
collateral and the existence of potential alternative sources of repayment. The
appropriate reserve level is estimated based upon factors and trends identified
by management at the time financial statements are prepared, although there can
be no assurance that the reserve level is in fact adequate. A portion of the
reserve is then allocated to reflect the potential loss exposure of those
specific weaknesses. When available information confirms that specific loans or
portions thereof are uncollectible, those amounts are charged-off against the
reserve for loan losses. The existence of some or all of the following criteria
will generally confirm that a loss or impairment has incurred: the loan is
significantly delinquent and the borrower has not evidenced the ability or
intent to bring the loan current; the Company has no recourse to the borrower,
or if it does, the borrower has insufficient assets to pay the debt; or the fair
value of the loan collateral is significantly below the current loan balance,
and there is little or no near-term prospect for improvement.
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Residential real estate and consumer loans are not individually analyzed
for loss exposure because of the significant number of loans, their relatively
small balances and historically low level of losses.
It is possible that the provision for loan losses may, in the future,
change as a percentage of total loans. The reserve for loan losses is maintained
at a level sufficient to provide for estimated loan losses based on evaluating
known and inherent risks in the loan portfolio.
(See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Position and
Results of Operations -- Provision for Loan Losses and Reserve for Loan
Losses.")
OTHER INVESTMENTS
General
Washington Mutual has authority under state law to make any investment,
but may be subject to certain restrictions imposed by the Home Owners' Loan Act
("HOLA"). Under Washington state law, WMB has authority to make any investment
deemed prudent by its Board of Directors, and may invest in commercial paper,
corporate bonds, mutual fund shares, debt and equity securities issued by
creditworthy entities and interests in real estate located inside or outside of
Washington state. The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act of
1991 ("FDICIA"), however, prohibits a state bank (such as WMB) from making or
retaining equity investments that are not permissible for a national bank,
subject to certain exceptions. (See "Regulation and Supervision.") WMBfsb has
authority to make investments specified by HOLA and applicable regulations,
including governmental obligations, investment-grade commercial paper, and
investment-grade corporate debt securities. Under the laws of the states of
Arizona and Washington, respectively, WM Life and Empire have broad authority to
make investments in debt and equity securities subject to applicable reserve
requirements and risk-based capital requirements. (See "Regulation and
Supervision -- Regulation of Nonbanking Affiliates.")
The Company's investments are in the form of mortgage-backed securities or
corporate debt or equity securities. At December 31, 1995, mortgage-backed
securities purchased from third parties or from securitizing the Company's
fixed-rate loan portfolio accounted for 87 percent of the total investment
portfolio. Investments in corporate debt and equity securities have different
risks than investments in real estate loans. The risk of loss upon default of
the borrower is generally greater for corporate debt securities than for real
estate loans. In addition, investments by the Company in debt or equity
securities of an issuer are generally much larger than investments in any
particular real estate loan, resulting in a greater impact on the Company in the
event of default or decline in market value. The Company regularly analyzes
these securities for impairment of value and makes adjustments in their carrying
value or yield as appropriate.
Effective January 1, 1994, Washington Mutual adopted, as required, SFAS No.
115. This statement required investment and equity securities to be segregated
into trading, held-to-maturity and available-for-sale categories.
Trading securities are purchased and held principally for the purpose of
reselling them within a short period of time. Their unrealized gains and losses
are included in earnings.
Investments classified as held-to-maturity are accounted for at amortized
cost, but an institution must have both the positive intent and the ability to
hold those securities to maturity. There are very limited circumstances under
which securities in the held-to-maturity category can be sold without
jeopardizing the cost basis of accounting for the remainder of the securities in
this category. These circumstances include a significant deterioration of the
issuer's creditworthiness; changes in tax law that reduce the tax-exempt status
of interest on the debt security; major business combinations that require a
significant disposition of assets to maintain the enterprise's existing interest
rate risk or credit risk policy; and certain changes in statutory or regulatory
investment authority or capital requirements. Any security that might be sold in
response to changes in market interest rates, changes in the security's
prepayment risk, increases in loan demand or general liquidity needs, or similar
factors should not be classified as held-to-maturity. Because a company has the
ability and intent to hold these securities to maturity, unrealized gains or
losses are not recognized in the financial statements and will not be recognized
unless, for some unforeseen reason, a portion of the portfolio is liquidated.
Securities not classified as either trading or held-to-maturity are
considered to be available-for-sale. Unrealized gains and losses on
available-for-sale securities are excluded from earnings and reported as a net
amount in a separate component of stockholders' equity (net of tax) until
realized. (Under regulations adopted by the FDIC and OTS during fourth quarter
1994, this component is not included in regulatory capital calculations.)
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During 1995, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued a
report entitled A Guide to Implementation of Statement 115 on Accounting for
Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities, Questions and Answers that
allowed companies a one-time reassessment and related reclassification from the
held-to-maturity category to the available-for-sale category without adverse
accounting consequences for the remainder of the portfolio. Washington Mutual
elected to take advantage of this opportunity and reclassified $3,471.0 million
of its held-to-maturity securities into the available-for-sale category on
December 1, 1995. Of the securities transferred, approximately 80 percent were
fixed-rate securities. It is anticipated that these fixed-rate securities will
be replaced with adjustable-rate agency securities, adjustable- and fixed-rate
private-issue (nonagency) mortgage-backed securities ("private-issue
securities"), collateralized mortgage obligations, and purchased loan pools as
the fixed-rate securities pay down or are sold as market conditions permit. This
portfolio restructuring strategy is intended to reduce the Company's interest
rate sensitivity while simultaneously protecting its yield.
The available-for-sale portfolio is now much larger as a result of the
transfer on December 1, 1995. Therefore, the Company redesignated $1,567.0
million of interest rate exchange agreements and interest rate cap agreements
from short-term borrowings and deposits to the available-for-sale portfolio.
While this is not expected to fully offset the impact of further changes in
interest rates on the portfolio, it will help to reduce the impact of future
changes. As of December 31, 1994, a net unrealized loss (on an after-tax basis)
of $29.0 million associated with the available-for-sale securities was included
as a separate component of stockholders' equity. But as a result of interest
rate declines during 1995 and the reclassification of securities into the
available-for-sale portfolio, the valuation reserve for the available-for-sale
portfolio increased to a net unrealized gain (on an after-tax basis) of $78.4
million as of December 31, 1995.
As of December 31, 1995, the Company's investment portfolio included $171.4
million of held-to-maturity securities (with a fair value of $185.1 million),
$7,689.0 million of available-for-sale securities and $238,000 of trading
account securities.
(See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Position and
Results of Operations -- Investment Activities" for further discussion.)
SOURCES OF FUNDS
Deposits
Washington Mutual competes with other financial institutions in attracting
savings deposits. WMB accepts deposits at 225 financial centers in Washington
state and Oregon. WMBfsb accepts deposits at 23 financial centers in Utah,
Idaho, Montana and Oregon. Competition from commercial banks has been
particularly strong due to their extensive branch systems. In addition, there is
strong competition for customer dollars from credit unions, mutual funds and
nonbank corporations, such as securities brokerage companies and other
diversified companies, some of which have nationwide networks of offices.
In recent years, deposit growth has resulted almost exclusively from
business combinations. At December 31, 1995, the Company's deposits totaled
$10,596.7 million. During 1993, the acquisition of Pacific First and the merger
with Pioneer added $3,831.7 million and $659.5 million in deposits. Additional
business combinations during 1994 and 1995 added $211.5 million and $417.1
million in deposits. Excluding the balance of combined deposits at their
combination date and interest credited, the Company's deposits decreased
$1,097.3 million from December 31, 1992 to December 31, 1995.
The Company offers traditional passbook and statement savings accounts as
well as checking accounts. In addition, the Company offers money market deposit
accounts ("MMDAs") with higher minimum balances that offer higher yields. At
December 31, 1995, there were $820.3 million in savings accounts, $1,195.8
million in checking accounts and $2,795.1 million in MMDAs.
Washington Mutual offers a broad range of retail time deposits and at
December 31, 1995 had a total of $5,271.2 million in retail time deposits, of
which $2,417.0 million had original maturities longer than one year. The most
popular time deposit is Investor's Choice, which is a retail time deposit with
maturities available from one to 120 months in any one of three deposit size
categories. Interest rates on Investor's Choice time deposits generally increase
with increased maturity and amount. At December 31, 1995, Investor's Choice time
deposits totaled $5,115.9 million.
Wholesale deposits -- primarily time deposits -- are sold to political
subdivisions and public agencies. The Company considers wholesale deposits to be
a borrowing source rather than a customer relationship. At December 31, 1995,
there was a total of $514.3 million in wholesale time deposits.
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Annuities
WM Life and Empire issue fixed annuity contracts through licensed
independent agents. The majority of such agents are employees of affiliates of
the Company and operate in the Company's financial centers. Currently, annuities
are issued primarily in Washington and Oregon. At December 31, 1995, the policy
value of such contracts was $809.1 million. WM Life also issues variable annuity
contracts. At December 31, 1995, the policy value of such contracts was $46.4
million. All annuity contracts impose a contractual surrender charge in the
event of a customer's withdrawal of funds within a certain number of years (in
the case of most of WM Life's fixed annuity contracts, five years) after the
date the annuity contract was issued.
Borrowings
In addition to accepting deposits, the Company borrows funds. Borrowings
include the sale of securities subject to repurchase agreements, the purchase of
federal funds, the issuance of mortgage-backed bonds or notes, capital notes and
other types of debt securities, and funds obtained as advances from the Federal
Home Loan Bank of Seattle ("FHLB"). The Company also has access to the Federal
Reserve Bank's discount window. Under Washington state law, WMB may borrow up to
30 percent of total assets, but sales of securities subject to agreements to
repurchase are not deemed borrowings under such law, and borrowings from
federal, state or municipal governments, agencies or instrumentalities thereof
also are not subject to the 30 percent limit.
The Company actively engages in repurchase agreements with authorized
broker-dealers and major customers selling U.S. government and corporate
securities and mortgage-backed securities under agreements to repurchase them at
a future date. As of December 31, 1995, the Company had $3,962.4 million of such
borrowings.
WMB, WMBfsb and WM Life are members of the FHLB. As members, each company
maintains a credit line that is a percentage of its total regulatory assets,
subject to collateralization requirements. At year-end 1995, WMB, WM Life and
WMBfsb had credit lines of 17 percent, 19 percent and 45 percent of total
regulatory assets. At December 31, 1995, advances under these credit lines
totaled $3,711.4 million and are secured in aggregate by grants of security
interests in all FHLB stock owned, deposits with the FHLB, and certain mortgage
loans and deeds of trust and securities of the U.S. government and agencies
thereof.
In August 1995, the Company filed a shelf registration statement with the
Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") for the offering, on a delayed or
continuous basis, of up to $250 million of debt securities or the Company's
common stock. The debt securities will be unsecured and will either rank prior
to all subordinated indebtedness of the Company or be subordinated in right of
payment to other debt obligations and may be issued in one or more series of
debentures, notes or other unsecured obligations of the Company, any of which
may be convertible into common stock of the Company. During 1995, the Company
issued $150.0 million of 7.25% senior notes due in 2005 under this registration.
The senior notes are not redeemable prior to maturity and are not subject to
retirement through a sinking fund.
In addition to the borrowings discussed above, at December 31, 1995, the
Company was in a position to obtain an additional $5,424.1 million, primarily
through the use of collateralized borrowings and deposits of public funds using
unpledged mortgage-backed securities and other wholesale borrowing sources. (See
"Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Position and Results of
Operations -- Liquidity.")
ASSET AND LIABILITY MANAGEMENT
The long-run profitability of the Company depends not only on the success
of the services it offers to its customers and the quality of its loans and
investments, but also the extent to which its earnings are unaffected by changes
in interest rates. Historically, the Company has had a mismatch between the
maturities of its assets and liabilities because its customers have
traditionally preferred short-term deposits and long-term fixed-rate loans. This
mismatch generally is not a problem when interest rates are stable or declining.
When interest rates increase, however, the interest paid to depositors and on
borrowings tends to increase much more quickly than the interest earned on loans
and investments, reducing the Company's net interest spread and impacting its
net interest income. The Company's asset and liability management strategy
attempts to reduce the risk of a significant decrease in net interest income
caused by interest rate changes without unduly penalizing current earnings.
One means of reducing the effect of interest rate volatility on net
interest income is to shorten asset durations. In recent years, the Company has
attempted to do this by emphasizing ARMs and short-term consumer loan programs.
During periods of moderate to high market interest rates, originations of ARMs
have been well received by customers. But during periods of
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low market interest rates, customers have preferred fixed-rate mortgage loans.
At year-end 1995, the portion of the Company's loans and mortgage-backed
securities that was adjustable-rate was approximately 40 percent, reflecting the
low interest rate environment throughout much of the year.
The $3,471.0 million of securities reclassified from Washington Mutual's
held-to-maturity category to its available-for-sale category in 1995 (discussed
above in "Other Investments") were primarily fixed-rate mortgage-backed
securities. The reclassification will give the Company the flexibility to
dispose of a portion of such securities over time and replace them with
adjustable-rate assets as part of its interest rate risk management program.
Also, the Company anticipates, as a part of its program to reduce interest rate
risk, it may securitize and sell a portion of its fixed-rate loan production and
purchase adjustable-rate securities and loans.
Another way to reduce the effect of the volatility of interest rates is to
lengthen liability durations, which is difficult because of depositors'
preferences for liquidity. This was apparent from the fact that at December 31,
1995, the Company's MMDAs accounted for $2,795.1 million or 28 percent of total
retail deposits and retail time deposits with maturities less than one year
totaled $2,854.2 million or 29 percent of total retail deposits.
In addition to managing the terms of its actual assets and liabilities,
from time to time, the Company uses derivative instruments, such as interest
rate exchange agreements and interest rate cap agreements, to manage interest
rate risk.
As of December 31, 1995, interest-sensitive assets of $9,174.3 million and
interest-sensitive liabilities of $12,296.2 million were scheduled to mature or
reprice within one year. A conventional measure of interest rate sensitivity for
thrift institutions is to divide the difference between assets maturing or
repricing within one year and total liabilities maturing or repricing within one
year by total assets -- "one-year gap". At December 31, 1995, the Company had
entered into interest rate exchange agreements and interest rate cap agreements
with notional values of $1,165.0 million and $2,550.0 million. Without these
instruments, the Company's one-year gap at December 31, 1995, would have been a
negative 22.9 percent as opposed to a negative 14.4 percent. (See "Management's
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Position and Results of
Operations -- Interest Rate Risk Management" and "Financial Statements and
Supplementary Data -- Note 15: Interest Rate Risk Management" for a discussion
of the use of derivative instruments.)
BUSINESS COMBINATIONS
Most of the Company's growth since 1988 has occurred as a result of banking
business combinations. These institutions were generally combined with the
Company's federally chartered banking subsidiaries, the FSB and WMBfsb,
primarily for regulatory reasons.
The following table summarizes Washington Mutual's business combinations
since April 1988:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Number of
Acquisition Name Date Acquired Loans Deposits Assets Branches
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
(dollars in millions)
Columbia Federal Savings Bank and
Shoreline Savings Bank April 29, 1988 $ 551.0 $ 555.0 $ 752.6 26
Old Stone Bank(1) June 1, 1990 229.5 292.6 294.0 7
Frontier Federal Savings Association(2) June 30, 1990 -- 95.6 -- 6
Williamsburg Federal Savings Bank(2) Sept. 14, 1990 -- 44.3 -- 3
Vancouver Federal Savings Bank July 31, 1991 200.1 253.4 260.7 7
CrossLand Savings, FSB(2) Nov. 8, 1991 -- 185.4 -- 15
Sound Savings and Loan Association Jan. 1, 1992 16.8 20.5 23.5 1
World Savings and Loan Association(2) March 6, 1992 -- 37.8 -- 2
Great Northwest Bank April 1, 1992 603.2 586.4 710.4 17
Pioneer Savings Bank March 1, 1993 624.5 659.5 926.5 17
Pacific First Bank April 9, 1993 3,770.7 3,831.7 5,861.3 129
Far West Federal Savings Bank(2) April 15, 1994 -- 42.2 -- 3
Summit Savings Bank Nov. 14, 1994 127.5 169.3 188.1 4
Olympus Bank, a Federal Savings Bank April 28, 1995 237.8 278.6 391.4 11
Enterprise Bank Aug. 31, 1995 92.8 138.5 153.8 1
Western Bank Jan. 31, 1996 500.8 696.4 776.3 42
</TABLE>
- -------------
(1) This was an acquisition of selected assets and liabilities.
(2) The acquisition was of branches and deposits only. The only assets acquired
were branch facilities or loans collateralized by acquired savings deposits.
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(See "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data -- Note 25: Business
Combinations" for a discussion of the accounting treatment of the acquisition of
Pacific First and the merger with Pioneer.)
On December 1, 1995, the FSB, a federally chartered savings bank subsidiary
of WMB with operations in Washington and Oregon and total assets of $8,566.8
million at September 30, 1995, merged with and into WMB, with WMB as the
surviving entity.
EMPLOYEES
The number of full-time equivalent employees at the Company decreased from
4,371 at December 31, 1994 to 4,364 at December 31, 1995. (See "Management's
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Position and Results of Operations --
Nonbanking Subsidiary Operations.") The Company believes that it has been
successful in attracting quality employees and believes its employee relations
are excellent.
TAXATION
For federal income tax purposes, the Company reports its income and
expenses using the accrual method of tax accounting and uses the calendar year
as its tax year. Except for the bad debt reserve deduction and interest expense
rules pertaining to certain tax exempt income applicable to banks, the Company
is subject to federal income tax, under existing provisions of the Code, in
generally the same manner as other corporations. Legislation has been introduced
in Congress that would do away with the thrift bad debt deduction and require
thrifts to calculate a bad debt deduction based on actual losses. If enacted,
such legislation would require the Company to recapture its post-1987 thrift bad
debt reserves over a six-year period. As of December 31, 1995, the post-1987
reserve totaled $67.4 million. Such legislation would not require the Company to
recapture $220.6 million of pre-1988 thrift bad debt reserve. The post-1987
reserve has been fully provided for in the deferred tax liability and, thus,
enactment of the legislation as currently proposed would have no adverse effect
on the Company's results of operations or financial condition. (See "Financial
Statements and Supplementary Data -- Note 17: Income Taxes and Note 19:
Stockholders' Equity" for further discussion.)
The state of Washington does not currently have a corporate income tax. A
business and occupation tax based on a percentage of gross receipts is assessed
on businesses. Currently, interest received on loans secured by first mortgages
or deeds of trust on residential properties is not subject to such tax. However,
it is possible that legislation will be introduced that would repeal or limit
this exemption.
The states of Oregon, Utah, Idaho and Montana have corporate income taxes,
which are imposed on companies doing business in those states. As the Company's
operations increase in these states, the corporate income taxes have an
increasing effect on the Company's results of operations or financial condition.
If and to the extent the Company carries on activities in other states, it
may in certain circumstances be subject to such states' tax laws.
ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATION
The business of the Company is affected from time to time by federal and
state laws and regulations relating to hazardous substances. Under the federal
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act
("CERCLA"), owners and operators of properties containing hazardous substances
may be liable for the costs of cleaning up the substances. CERCLA and similar
state laws can affect the Company both as an owner of branches and other
properties used in its business and as a lender holding a security interest in
property that is found to contain hazardous substances. While CERCLA contains an
exemption for holders of security interests, the exemption is not available if
the holder participates in the management of a property, and some courts have
broadly defined what constitutes participation in management of a property.
Moreover, CERCLA and similar state statutes can affect the Company's decision of
whether or not to foreclose on a property. Before foreclosing on commercial real
estate, it is the Company's general policy to obtain an environmental report,
thereby increasing
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the costs of foreclosure. In addition, the existence of hazardous substances on
a property securing a troubled loan may cause the Company to elect not to
foreclose on the property, thereby reducing the Company's flexibility in
handling the loan.
REGULATION AND SUPERVISION
General
Washington Mutual, in its capacity as a savings and loan holding company,
is subject to regulation by the OTS. WMB is subject to regulation and
supervision by the Director of Financial Institutions of the State of Washington
("State Director"). Its deposit accounts are insured by the FDIC through both
the BIF and SAIF. The FDIC undertakes examination and regulation of WMB and
other state-chartered banks that are not members of the Federal Reserve system
("FDIC-regulated banks"). Federal and state laws and regulations govern, among
other things, investment powers, deposit activities, borrowings, maintenance of
guaranty funds and retained earnings. WMBfsb is subject to extensive regulation
and examination by the OTS, which is its primary federal regulator. Its deposit
accounts are insured through the SAIF by the FDIC, which also has some authority
to regulate WMBfsb.
The description of statutory provisions and regulations applicable to
depository institutions, insurance companies, securities companies and their
holding companies set forth in this annual report does not purport to be a
complete description of the statutes and regulations mentioned herein, nor of
all such statutes and regulations.
Holding Company Regulation
Washington Mutual is a multiple savings and loan holding company, as
defined by federal law, because it owns two savings associations -- WMB and
WMBfsb. WMB has elected to be treated as a savings association for purposes of
the federal savings and loan holding company law. Washington Mutual is treated
as a unitary savings and loan holding company and is not subject to certain
federal statutory restrictions on activities and investments (the "MHC
Restrictions") as are some multiple savings and loan holding companies, because
WMBfsb was acquired in a supervisory transaction. Washington Mutual will become
subject to the MHC Restrictions, however, if either WMB or WMBfsb fails to be a
qualified thrift lender ("QTL"), meaning generally that at least 65 percent of a
specified asset base must consist of certain assets related to domestic
residential real estate. Failure to remain a QTL also would impose conditions on
WMB's ability to obtain advances from the FHLB, and would restrict WMBfsb's
ability, among other things, to branch, to pay dividends and to obtain such
advances. WMB and WMBfsb are currently in compliance with QTL standards.
HOLA and OTS regulations require Washington Mutual, as a savings and loan
holding company, to file periodic reports with the OTS. In addition, it must
observe such recordkeeping requirements as the OTS may prescribe and is subject
to holding company examination by the OTS. The OTS may take enforcement action
if the activities of a savings and loan holding company constitute a serious
risk to the financial safety, soundness or stability of a subsidiary savings
association. WMB and WMBfsb, as holding company subsidiaries that are depository
institutions, are subject to both qualitative and quantitative limitations on
the transactions they conduct with Washington Mutual and its other subsidiaries.
The FDIC has authority to require FDIC-insured banks and savings
associations to reimburse the FDIC for losses incurred by the FDIC in connection
with the default of a commonly controlled depository institution or with the
FDIC's provision of assistance to such an institution. Institutions are commonly
controlled if they are controlled by the same holding company or if one
depository institution controls another depository institution (as Washington
Mutual controls WMB and WMBfsb).
State Regulation and Supervision
Savings banks in Washington, such as WMB, are empowered by state statute to
take deposits and pay interest thereon and, subject to various conditions and
limitations, to make loans on or invest in residential and other real estate, to
make consumer loans, to make commercial loans, to invest in corporate
obligations, government debt securities, and other securities, and to offer
various trust and banking services to their customers. (See "General" and
"Washington Mutual's Operating Subsidiaries.") Under state law, savings banks in
Washington also generally have all of the powers that federal mutual savings
banks have under federal laws and regulations.
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FDIC Insurance
Deposits in WMB and WMBfsb are separately insured by the FDIC to the
applicable maximum limits in each institution. The FDIC administers two separate
deposit insurance funds. The BIF is a deposit insurance fund for commercial
banks and some state-chartered banks, including WMB. A portion of WMB's deposits
are also insured through SAIF. The SAIF is a deposit insurance fund for most
savings associations, such as WMBfsb. At December 31, 1995, approximately 59
percent of the combined deposits of WMB and WMBfsb were insured through SAIF.
The FDIC has developed a deposit insurance system under which the
assessment rate for an insured depository institution varies according to the
level of risk it poses to the BIF or SAIF. The risk-based system went into
effect on January 1, 1994. This system bases an institution's risk category
partly upon whether the institution is well capitalized, adequately capitalized,
or less than adequately capitalized. (See "Regulation and Supervision -- Capital
Requirements.") Each insured depository institution is also assigned to one of
three supervisory subgroups based on reviews by the institution's primary
federal or state regulator, statistical analyses of financial statements, and
other information relevant to gauging the risk posed by the institution. Based
on its capital and supervisory subgroups, each institution is assigned an annual
FDIC assessment rate. Both banking subsidiaries qualify for the lowest rate.
Regardless of the potential risk to the insurance fund, FDICIA prohibits
assessment rates from falling below the current assessment rate of 23 cents per
$100 of eligible deposits if the insurance fund has outstanding borrowings from
the U.S. Treasury Department or until the insurance fund's ratio of reserves to
insured deposits is recapitalized to 1.25 percent.
On November 14, 1995, the FDIC adopted a new assessment rate schedule of
between 0 percent and 0.27 percent per annum of total adjusted deposits for all
deposits insured through the BIF, to be effective in January 1996. The
assessment rate schedule applicable to deposits insured through the SAIF is
between 0.23 percent and 0.31 percent per annum of total adjusted SAIF deposits.
The assessment rates are calculated to keep the respective insurance funds
capitalized at 1.25 percent of estimated insured deposits. Since the BIF has
reached the required reserve ratio, under the new assessment rate schedule, over
90 percent of institutions will be assessed the statutory annual minimum of
$2,000 for their BIF deposits. In contrast, because the SAIF is still
undercapitalized, the assessment rate for SAIF deposits is expected to continue
at between 0.23 percent and 0.31 percent per annum. The resulting premium
differential will have adverse consequences on those institutions with SAIF
deposits, including a competitive disadvantage with respect to pricing of loans
and deposits and with respect to the ability to control costs.
Several alternatives to mitigate the effect of the premium disparity
between BIF and SAIF have been suggested. The federal budget reconciliation bill
contained a provision designed to recapitalize the SAIF by means of a one-time
assessment, estimated at 0.78 percent of SAIF deposits. Such a proposal would
lead to elimination of the ongoing differential. However, such budget bill was
vetoed by the President on December 6, 1995 and no prediction as to the
likelihood of such a one-time assessment can be made at this time. Such an
assessment on Washington Mutual's SAIF deposits would not cause the Company's
banking subsidiaries to cease to be well capitalized.
Capital Requirements
Washington Mutual is not subject to any regulatory capital requirements.
However, each of its subsidiary depository and insurance institutions is subject
to various capital requirements. WMB is subject to FDIC capital requirements,
while WMBfsb is subject to OTS capital requirements. WM Life is subject to
National Association of Insurance Commissioners ("NAIC") capital requirements.
WMB. FDIC regulations recognize two types or tiers of capital: core ("Tier
1") capital and supplementary ("Tier 2") capital. Tier 1 capital generally
includes common stockholders' equity and noncumulative perpetual preferred
stock, less most intangible assets. Tier 2 capital, which is limited to 100
percent of Tier 1 capital, includes such items as qualifying general loan loss
reserves, cumulative perpetual preferred stock, mandatory convertible debt, term
subordinated debt and limited life preferred stock; however, the amount of term
subordinated debt and intermediate term preferred stock (original maturity of at
least five years but less than 20 years) that may be included in Tier 2 capital
is limited to 50 percent of Tier 1 capital.
The FDIC currently measures an institution's capital using a leverage limit
together with certain risk-based ratios. The FDIC's minimum leverage capital
requirement specifies a minimum ratio of Tier 1 capital to total assets. Most
banks are required to maintain a minimum leverage ratio of at least 4.00 percent
to 5.00 percent. The FDIC retains the right to require a particular institution
to maintain a higher capital level based on an institution's particular risk
profile. WMB has calculated its leverage ratio to be 5.60 percent as of December
31, 1995.
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FDIC regulations also establish a measure of capital adequacy based on
ratios of qualifying capital to risk-weighted assets. Assets are placed in one
of four categories and given a percentage weight -- zero percent, 20 percent, 50
percent or 100 percent -- based on the relative risk of that category. For
example, U.S. Treasury Bills and GNMA securities are placed in the zero percent
risk category, FNMA and FHLMC securities are placed in the 20 percent risk
category, loans secured by one-to-four family residential properties and certain
privately issued mortgage-backed securities are generally placed in the 50
percent risk category, and commercial real estate and consumer loans are
generally placed in the 100 percent risk category. In addition, certain
off-balance sheet items are converted to balance sheet credit equivalent
amounts, and each amount is then assigned to one of the four categories. Under
the guidelines, the ratio of total capital (Tier 1 capital plus Tier 2 capital)
to risk-weighted assets must be at least 8.00 percent, and the ratio of Tier 1
capital to risk-weighted assets must be at least 4.00 percent. WMB has
calculated its total risk-based ratio to be 11.46 percent as of December 31,
1995, and its Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio to be 10.59 percent. In evaluating
the adequacy of a bank's capital, the FDIC may also consider other factors that
may affect a bank's financial condition. Such factors may include interest rate
risk exposure, liquidity, funding and market risks, the quality and level of
earnings, concentration of credit risk, risks arising from nontraditional
activities, loan and investment quality, the effectiveness of loan and
investment policies, and management's ability to monitor and control financial
operating risks.
WMBfsb. The OTS requires savings associations, such as WMBfsb, to meet each
of three separate capital adequacy standards: a core capital leverage
requirement, a tangible capital requirement and a risk-based capital
requirement. OTS regulations require savings associations to maintain core
capital (which may include, for a limited time, certain amounts of qualifying
supervisory goodwill) of at least 3.00 percent of assets and tangible capital
(excluding all goodwill) of at least 1.50 percent of assets. As of December 31,
1995, WMBfsb's core capital and tangible capital ratios were each 6.76 percent.
Most savings institutions are required to maintain a minimum leverage ratio of
at least 4.00 percent. As of December 31, 1995, the leverage capital ratio of
WMBfsb was 6.76 percent. OTS regulations incorporate a risk-based capital
requirement that is designed to be no less stringent than the capital standard
applicable to national banks and is modeled in many respects on, but not
identical to, the risk-based capital requirements adopted by the FDIC. These
regulations require a core risk-based capital ratio of at least 4.00 percent and
a total risk-based capital ratio of at least 8.00 percent. As of December 31,
1995, WMBfsb had core risk-based and total risk-based capital ratios of 11.39
percent and 12.64 percent.
FDICIA Requirements. FDICIA created a statutory framework that increased
the importance of meeting applicable capital requirements. For WMB and WMBfsb,
FDICIA establishes five capital categories: well capitalized, adequately
capitalized, undercapitalized, significantly undercapitalized and critically
undercapitalized. An institution's category depends upon where its capital
levels are in relation to relevant capital measures, which include a risk-based
capital measure, a leverage ratio capital measure, and certain other factors.
The federal banking agencies (including the FDIC and the OTS) have adopted
regulations that implement this statutory framework. Under these regulations, an
institution is treated as well capitalized if its ratio of total capital to
risk-weighted assets is 10.00 percent or more, its ratio of core capital to
risk-weighted assets is 6.00 percent or more, its ratio of core capital to
adjusted total assets is 5.00 percent or more and it is not subject to any
federal supervisory order or directive to meet a specific capital level. In
order to be adequately capitalized, an institution must have a total risk-based
capital ratio of not less than 8.00 percent, a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio
of not less than 4.00 percent, and a leverage ratio of not less than 4.00
percent. Any institution which is neither well capitalized nor adequately
capitalized will be considered undercapitalized.
Undercapitalized institutions are subject to certain prompt corrective
action requirements, regulatory controls and restrictions which become more
extensive as an institution becomes more severely undercapitalized. Failure by
WMB or WMBfsb to comply with applicable capital requirements would, if
unremedied, result in restrictions on their activities and lead to enforcement
actions against WMB by the FDIC or against WMBfsb by the OTS, including, but not
limited to, the issuance of a capital directive to ensure the maintenance of
required capital levels. FDICIA requires the federal banking regulators to take
prompt corrective action with respect to depository institutions that do not
meet minimum capital requirements. Additionally, FDIC or OTS approval of any
regulatory application filed for their review may be dependent on compliance
with capital requirements.
FDICIA required the federal banking agencies (including the FDIC and the
OTS) to revise their risk-based capital guidelines to take into account interest
rate risk, concentration of credit risk, risks associated with nontraditional
activities, and the actual performance and expected risk of loss of multi-family
mortgages. In 1994, the federal banking agencies jointly revised their capital
standards to specify that concentration of credit and nontraditional activities
are among the factors that the
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<PAGE> 86
agencies will consider in evaluating capital adequacy. In that year, the OTS and
FDIC amended their risk-based capital standards with respect to the risk
weighting of loans made to finance the purchase or construction of multi-family
residences.
The OTS has adopted final regulations adding an interest rate risk
component to the risk-based capital requirements for savings associations (such
as WMBfsb), although implementation of the regulation has been delayed.
Management believes that the effect of including such an interest rate risk
component in the calculation of risk-adjusted capital will not cause WMBfsb to
cease to be well capitalized. In August 1995, the FDIC revised its capital
standards to state explicitly that it will consider the risk of declines in the
economic value of capital due to changes in interest rates. The FDIC stated that
in the future, after gaining more experience with the risk measurement process,
it will issue a proposed rule that would establish an explicit minimum capital
charge for interest rate risk. The ultimate effect of such risk-based capital
requirements cannot be determined until final regulations are adopted.
WM Life. WM Life is subject to risk-based capital requirements developed by
the NAIC. The NAIC measure uses four major categories of risk to calculate an
appropriate level of capital to support an insurance company's overall business
operations. The four risk categories are asset risk, insurance risk, interest
rate risk and business risk. At December 31, 1995, WM Life's actual capital was
672 percent of its required regulatory risk-based level.
Legal Restrictions on Dividends of Depository Institutions
A depository institution such as WMB or WMBfsb may not make a capital
distribution if, following such distribution, the institution will be
undercapitalized under the FDICIA provisions described above. In addition,
Washington state law prohibits WMB from declaring or paying a dividend greater
than its retained earnings or if doing so would cause its net worth to be
reduced below (i) the amount required for the protection of preconversion
depositors or (ii) the net worth requirements, if any, imposed by the State
Director.
OTS regulations limit the ability of savings associations such as WMBfsb to
pay dividends and make other capital distributions according to the
institution's level of capital and income, with the greatest flexibility
afforded to institutions that meet or exceed their OTS capital requirements.
Under current OTS regulations, a savings association that exceeds its OTS
regulatory capital requirements both before and after a proposed dividend (or
other distribution of capital) and has not been advised by the OTS that it is in
need of more than normal supervision may, after prior notice to but without the
approval of the OTS, make capital distributions during a calendar year up to the
higher of (i) 100 percent of its income during the calendar year plus the amount
that would reduce by one-half its "surplus capital ratio" (the institution's
excess capital over its capital requirements) at the beginning of the calendar
year or (ii) 75 percent of its net income over the most recent four-quarter
period. In addition, such an institution may make capital distributions in
excess of the foregoing limits if the OTS does not object within a 30-day period
following notice by the institution.
A savings association that would not meet OTS capital requirements
following payment of a dividend is subject to additional restrictions. It is not
anticipated that WMBfsb will pay any dividend that would cause them to fail to
meet OTS capital requirements.
FDIC and OTS Regulation and Examination
The FDIC has adopted regulations to protect the deposit insurance funds and
depositors, including regulations governing the deposit insurance of various
forms of accounts. The FDIC has also adopted numerous regulations to protect the
safety and soundness of FDIC-regulated banks. These regulations cover a wide
range of subjects including financial reporting, change in bank control,
affiliations with securities firms and capital requirements. In certain
instances, these regulations restrict the exercise of powers granted by state
law.
An FDIC regulation and a joint FDIC/OTS policy statement place a number of
restrictions on the activities of WMB's securities and insurance affiliates, and
on such affiliates' transactions with WMB and WMBfsb. These restrictions include
requirements that such affiliates follow practices and procedures to distinguish
them from WMB and WMBfsb and that such affiliates give customers notice from
time to time of this distinction and of the distinction between insured deposits
and uninsured nondeposit products.
FDICIA also prohibits banks such as WMB and their subsidiaries from
exercising certain powers that were granted by state law to make investments or
carry on activities as principal (i.e. for their own account) unless either (i)
national banks
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<PAGE> 87
have power under federal law to make such investments or carry on such
activities, or (ii) the bank and such investments or activities meet certain
requirements established by FDICIA and the FDIC.
FDICIA imposed new supervisory standards requiring annual examinations,
independent audits, uniform accounting and management standards, and prompt
corrective action for problem institutions. As a result of FDICIA, depository
institutions and their affiliates are subject to federal standards governing
asset growth, interest rate exposure, executive compensation, and many other
areas of depository institution operations. FDICIA contains numerous other
provisions, including reporting requirements and revised regulatory standards
for, among other things, real estate lending.
The FDIC may sanction any FDIC-regulated bank that does not operate in
accordance with FDIC regulations, policies and directives. Proceedings may be
instituted against any FDIC-regulated bank, or any institution-affiliated party,
such as a trustee, director, officer, employee, agent, or controlling person of
the bank, who engages in unsafe and unsound practices, including violations of
applicable laws and regulations. The FDIC may revalue assets of an institution,
based upon appraisals, and may require the establishment of specific reserves in
amounts equal to the difference between such revaluation and the book value of
the assets. The State Director has similar authority under Washington state law
and the OTS has similar authority under HOLA. The FDIC has additional authority
to terminate insurance of accounts, after notice and hearing, upon a finding
that the insured institution is or has engaged in any unsafe or unsound practice
that has not been corrected, or is operating in an unsafe or unsound condition,
or has violated any applicable law, regulation, rule, or order of or condition
imposed by the FDIC.
Federal savings institutions, such as WMBfsb, are subject to regulatory
oversight and examination by the OTS and the FDIC. HOLA and OTS regulations
delimit such institutions' investment and lending powers. Federal savings
institutions may not invest in noninvestment-grade debt securities, nor may they
generally make equity investments, other than investments in service
corporations.
Federal law and regulations requires WMBfsb to maintain, for each calendar
month, an average daily balance of liquid assets equal to not less than 5
percent of its average daily balance of total savings accounts and borrowings
payable in one year or less, subject to certain adjustments for deposit
outflows. This liquidity requirement may be changed from time to time.
Federal regulation of depository institutions is intended for the
protection of depositors (and the BIF and SAIF), and not for the protection of
stockholders or other creditors. In addition, a provision in the Omnibus Budget
Reconciliation Act of 1993 ("Budget Act") requires that in any liquidation or
other resolution of any FDIC-insured depository institution, claims for
administrative expenses of the receiver and for deposits in U.S. branches
(including claims of the FDIC as subrogee of the insured institution) shall have
priority over the claims of general unsecured creditors.
Federal Reserve Regulation
Under Federal Reserve Board regulations, WMB and WMBfsb are each required
to maintain reserves against their transaction accounts (primarily checking and
NOW accounts). Because reserves must generally be maintained in cash or in
noninterest-bearing accounts, the effect of the reserve requirements is to
increase an institution's cost of funds. These regulations generally require
that WMB and WMBfsb each maintain reserves against net transaction accounts in
the amount of 3 percent on amounts of $52.0 million or less, plus 10 percent on
amounts in excess of $52.0 million. Institutions may designate and exempt $4.3
million of certain reservable liabilities from these reserve requirements. These
amounts and percentages are subject to adjustment by the Federal Reserve Board.
A savings bank, like other depository institutions maintaining reservable
accounts, may borrow from the Federal Reserve Bank discount window, but the
Federal Reserve Board's regulations require the savings bank to exhaust other
reasonable alternative sources before borrowing from the Federal Reserve Bank.
Numerous other regulations promulgated by the Federal Reserve Board affect
the business operations of the Company's banking subsidiaries. These include
regulations relating to equal credit opportunity, electronic fund transfers,
collection of checks, truth in lending, truth in savings and availability of
funds.
Community Reinvestment Act
The Community Reinvestment Act ("CRA") requires financial institutions
regulated by the federal financial supervisory agencies to ascertain and help
meet the credit needs of their delineated communities, including low-income and
moderate-income neighborhoods within those communities, while maintaining safe
and sound banking practices. The agencies evaluate an institution's CRA
performance based on a four-tiered descriptive rating system and are required to
make public an
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<PAGE> 88
institution's rating and written evaluation. The four possible ratings of
meeting community credit needs are outstanding, satisfactory, needs to improve,
and substantial noncompliance.
Many factors play a role in assessing a financial institution's CRA
performance. The institution's regulator must consider its financial capacity
and size, legal impediments, local economic conditions and demographics,
including the competitive environment in which it operates. The evaluation does
not rely on absolute standards and the institutions are not required to perform
specific activities or to provide specific amounts or types of credit.
In January 1995, WMB received an outstanding rating from the FDIC. This
rating reflects Washington Mutual's commitment to meeting the credit needs of
the communities it serves. The Company maintains a CRA statement for public
viewing, as well as an annual CRA highlights document. These documents describe
Washington Mutual's credit programs and services, community outreach activities,
public comments and other efforts to meet community credit needs. WMBfsb has not
been rated separately.
Recent and Proposed Federal Legislation
Federal legislation was enacted in 1994 which will repeal, effective June
1, 1997, certain restrictions on the establishment of interstate branches by
national banks and state-chartered banks. In addition, bank holding companies
are now generally permitted to buy banks in any state. WMBfsb already has
authority to establish interstate branches under current federal law and
regulations, so management expects that such legislation will primarily benefit
competitors of the Company.
Various legislative proposals relating to depository institutions have been
or are expected to be introduced in the current session of Congress. These
include proposals to restrict or further regulate the sales of mutual funds and
annuities by depository institutions or their affiliates, to restrict
affiliations between the Company and nonbanking corporations including life
insurance companies, and effectively to require federal savings institutions
such as WMBfsb to convert to banks. The outcome of these legislative proposals
cannot be forecast reliably.
Regulation of Nonbanking Affiliates
As insurance companies, WM Life and Empire are subject to comprehensive
regulation and supervision by the states in which they are domiciled (WM Life is
domiciled in the state of Arizona and Empire is domiciled in the state of
Washington) as well as the states in which they transact business. The laws of
the various states establish supervisory agencies with broad administrative and
supervisory powers. Such agencies set standards related to granting and revoking
licenses to transact business, regulation of trade practices and market conduct,
licensing of agents, approval of policy forms, regulating of certain premium
rates, setting of insurance liability and investment reserve requirements,
determining the form and content of required financial statements, determining
the reasonableness and adequacy of capital and surplus, and prescribing the
types and amounts of permitted investments. Insurance companies are subject to
periodic examinations by such supervisory agencies. State insurance laws and
regulations also impose limits on the extent to which the insurance company
subsidiaries may pay dividends or lend or otherwise supply funds to the Company.
As a broker-dealer registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission
and as a member of the National Association of Securities Dealers ("NASD"),
Murphey Favre is subject to various regulations and restrictions imposed by
those entities, as well as by various state authorities. As a registered
investment advisor, Composite Research is subject to various federal and state
securities regulations and restrictions.
On December 28, 1995, the NASD adopted and forwarded to the SEC for
approval rules concerning NASD member operations conducted in branches of
depository institutions. Although many of the NASD's proposed requirements are
substantially similar to the joint FDIC/OTS policy statement governing the
activities of WMB's securities affiliates, the NASD proposal, if approved by the
SEC, could impose additional restrictions on these affiliates.
COMPETITIVE ENVIRONMENT
Financial institutions operate in a competitive environment. Washington
Mutual competes with commercial banks, other savings banks and associations,
finance companies, money market funds, credit unions and other financial
institutions, some of which have substantially greater financial resources than
the Company. Additionally, the consolidation of the financial institutions
industry in the Northwest in recent years has increased the level of
competition.
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<PAGE> 89
Although consolidation has decreased the number of institutions competing
in the Company's market, both thrifts and commercial banks have reemphasized
their focus on the consumer, making competition for retail deposits and loans
extremely fierce. While the increased competitive pressures make the banking
environment more difficult, the Company remains a strong market force. For 1995,
the Company's originations of residential mortgage loans ranked first in both
Washington state and Oregon and at September 30, 1995 the Company had 16 percent
of total deposits held by commercial banks, thrifts and credit unions in
Washington and 7 percent of such deposits in Oregon.
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<PAGE> 90
MARKET FOR WASHINGTON MUTUAL'S
COMMON STOCK AND RELATED SECURITY HOLDER MATTERS
DESCRIPTION OF WASHINGTON MUTUAL CAPITAL STOCK
Washington Mutual is authorized by its Articles of Incorporation to
issue up to 100,000,000 shares of Washington Mutual Common Stock and up to
10,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock, no par value per share. As of October 31,
1996, there were issued and outstanding 72,318,926 shares of Washington Mutual
Common Stock, 2,752,500 shares of Series C Preferred Stock, 1,399,900 shares of
Series D Preferred Stock and 1,970,000 shares of Series E Preferred Stock.
In order to effect the Keystone Transaction, Washington Mutual will
hold a special meeting of its shareholders at which it will ask its shareholders
to approve a proposal to increase the number of shares of authorized Washington
Mutual Common Stock from 100,000,000 shares to 350,000,000 shares and to approve
the Keystone Transaction. See "APPENDIX F."
COMMON STOCK. Each holder of Washington Mutual Common Stock is entitled
to one vote for each share held on all matters voted upon by shareholders.
Shareholders are not permitted to cumulate their votes for the election of
directors.
In the unlikely event of liquidation of Washington Mutual, holders of
Washington Mutual Common Stock will be entitled to receive any remaining assets
of Washington Mutual, in cash or in kind, after payment of all liabilities and
amounts owed with respect to Washington Mutual Preferred Stock.
Holders of Washington Mutual Common Stock are not entitled to
preemptive rights with respect to any additional shares that may be issued.
The authorized but unissued and unreserved shares of Washington Mutual
Common Stock will be available for general corporate purposes, including but not
limited to possible issuance in exchange for capital notes, as stock dividends
or stock splits, in future mergers or acquisitions, under a cash dividend
reinvestment plan, for employee benefit plans, or in a future underwritten or
other public offering. Except as described above or as otherwise required to
approve the transactions in which the additional authorized shares of Washington
Mutual Common Stock would be issued, no shareholder approval will be required
for the issuance of these shares.
At October 31, 1996, options to purchase 1,475,918 shares of Washington
Mutual Common Stock under Washington Mutual's stock option plans had been
granted, but not exercised or terminated, leaving 3,132,500 shares available for
further grants under such plans.
PREFERRED STOCK. The Preferred Stock is prior to Common Stock as to
dividends and liquidation, but does not confer general voting rights.
The Series C Preferred Stock has a liquidation preference of $25.00 per
share plus dividends accrued and unpaid for the then-current dividend period,
and is not convertible into any other Washington Mutual securities. Dividends on
the Series C Preferred Stock, if and when declared by the Washington Mutual
Board, are at an annual rate of $2.28 per share, are noncumulative and payable
quarterly. Washington Mutual may at its option redeem the Series C Preferred
Stock. The Series C Preferred Stock is prior to the Washington Mutual Common
Stock as to dividends and liquidation, but does not confer general voting
rights.
The Series D Preferred Stock has a liquidation preference of $100.00
per share plus dividends accrued and unpaid for the then-current dividend
period, and is convertible into shares of Washington Mutual Common Stock.
Dividends on the Series D Preferred Stock, if and when declared by the
Washington Mutual Board, are at an annual rate of $6.00 per share, are
noncumulative and payable quarterly. Washington Mutual may at its option redeem
the Series D Preferred Stock. The Series D Preferred Stock is prior to the
Washington Mutual Common Stock as to dividends and liquidation, but does not
confer general voting rights.
The Series E Preferred Stock has a liquidation preference of $25.00 per
share plus dividends accrued and unpaid for the then-current dividend period,
and is not convertible into any other Washington Mutual securities. Dividends on
the Series E Preferred Stock, if and when declared by the Washington Mutual
Board, are at an annual rate of $1.90 per share, are noncumulative and payable
quarterly. Washington Mutual may at its option redeem the Series E Preferred
Stock. The Series E Preferred Stock is prior to the Washington Mutual Common
Stock as dividends and liquidation, but does not confer general voting rights.
MARKET PRICES AND DIVIDENDS
Washington Mutual Common Stock is traded on The Nasdaq Stock Market
under the symbol "WAMU." The table below sets forth, for the calendar quarters
indicated, the reported high and low sales prices of Washington Mutual Common
Stock as reported on The Nasdaq Stock Market, based on published financial
sources, and the dividends declared on such stock.
<TABLE>
Washington Mutual
Common Stock
-----------------------------------------------------
High Low Dividends
---- --- ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
1994 First Quarter .................. $25.00 $19.13 $0.16
Second Quarter.................. 21.50 18.25 0.17
Third Quarter................... 21.63 19.63 0.18
Fourth Quarter.................. 20.63 15.75 0.19
1995 First Quarter .................. 20.75 16.63 0.19
Second Quarter.................. 24.75 20.00 0.19
Third Quarter................... 26.75 22.50 0.19
Fourth Quarter.................. 29.50 24.75 0.20
1996 First Quarter................... 32.25 27.63 0.21
Second Quarter.................. 30.38 26.13 0.22
Third Quarter................... 39.25 28.50 0.23
Fourth Quarter (through
October 31, 1996)............ 43.75 36.50 0.24
</TABLE>
As of October 31, 1996, there were approximately 15,948 shareholders
of record of Washington Mutual Common Stock and the last reported sales price
per share on such date was $42.25.
PRINCIPAL HOLDERS OF COMMON STOCK
The following table sets forth information regarding beneficial
ownership of Common Stock by each person known to the Company to have owned more
than five percent of the outstanding shares of the Common Stock on October 31,
1996. The following is based solely on statements filed with the Commission or
other reliable information. Each of the named shareholders has sole voting and
investment power with respect to the shares shown, except as noted below.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Name and Address Shares of Common Stock
of Beneficial Owner Beneficially Owned Percent of Class
- ------------------- ------------------ ----------------
<S> <C> <C>
Fidelity Management & Research Co........................ 4,573,950(1) 6.34%
82 Devonshire Street
Boston, MA 02109
The Capital Group Companies, Inc......................... 3,945,730(2) 5.46%
333 South Hope Street
Los Angeles, CA 90071
</TABLE>
- ---------------
(1) Fidelity Management & Research Co. has sole investment power over
4,573,950 shares and sole voting power over 390,950 shares.
(2) The information presented is based on a Schedule 13G filed for the year
ended December 29, 1995. As of December 29, 1995, certain operating
subsidiaries of The Capital Group Companies, Inc., exercised investment
discretion over various institutional accounts which held in the
aggregate 3,945,730 shares of Washington Mutual Common Stock. Capital
Guardian Trust Company, a bank and one of such operating companies,
exercised investment discretion over 2,155,600 of such shares. Capital
Research and Management Company and Capital International, Inc., each a
registered investment adviser, and Capital International, S.A., another
operating subsidiary, had investment discretion with respect to
1,750,130, 7,690 and 32,300 of such shares, respectively. The number of
shares beneficially owned by The Capital Group Companies, Inc. includes
approximately 737,580 shares of Common Stock which are issuable to the
shareholder upon the conversion at any time of shares of Series D
Preferred held in institutional accounts over which one or more
affiliates exercises investment discretion.
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<PAGE> 91
PRINCIPAL HOLDERS OF PREFERRED STOCK
The following table sets forth information regarding beneficial
ownership of Series D Preferred by each person known to the Company to own more
than five percent of the outstanding shares of the Series D Preferred as of
October 31, 1996. Each of the named shareholders has sole voting and
investment power with respect to the shares shown, except as noted below. The
Company knows of no person who owns more than five percent of the outstanding
shares of either the Series C Preferred or the Series E Preferred as of
October 31, 1996.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Name and Address of Shares of Series D Preferred
Beneficial Owner Beneficially Owned Percent of Class
- ---------------- ------------------ ----------------
<S> <C> <C>
The Capital Group Companies, Inc......................... 153,500 11.0%
333 South Hope Street
Los Angeles, CA 90071
Safeco Asset Management.................................. 112,000 8.0
Safeco Plaza
Seattle, WA 98185
Oppenheimer Management Corp.............................. 96,800 6.9
3410 South Galena Street
Denver, CO 80231
</TABLE>
SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS
The following table and accompanying footnotes provides a summary of
the beneficial ownership of Washington Mutual Common Stock, Series C Preferred,
Series D Preferred and Series E Preferred as of October 31, 1996, by (i)
directors, (ii) the Company's Chief Executive Officer, (iii) the other executive
officers named in the executive compensation table set forth in Washington
Mutual's proxy statement for the 1996 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, and (iv)
the directors and executive officers as a group. As of October 31, 1996, none of
the persons noted below beneficially owned any shares of Series D Preferred. The
following summary is based on information furnished by the respective directors
and officers. Each of the named directors and officers has sole voting and
investment power with respect to the shares shown, except as noted below.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
COMMON STOCK(1)
Name Number of Shares(2) Percent of Class
- ---- ------------------- ----------------
<S> <C> <C>
Douglas P. Beighle ......................... 13,520(3) *
Herbert M. Bridge .......................... 20,456(4) *
Roger H. Eigsti ............................ 7,000 *
John W. Ellis .............................. 27,775(5) *
Daniel J. Evans ............................ 14,750(6) *
Anne V. Farrell ............................ 3,000 *
William P. Gerberding ...................... 4,835 *
Kerry K. Killinger ......................... 923,881(7) 1.28%
Lee D. Lannoye ............................. 71,758(8) *
Samuel B. McKinney ......................... 4,250 *
Michael K. Murphy .......................... 5,750(9) *
Deanna W. Oppenheimer ...................... 56,302(10) *
Louis H. Pepper ............................ 253,829 *
William G. Reed, Jr ........................ 26,375(11) *
James H. Stever ............................ 8,000(12) *
Craig E. Tall .............................. 227,982(13) *
S. Liane Wilson ............................ 138,859(14) *
</TABLE>
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<TABLE>
<S> <C> <C>
All directors and executive officers
as a group (18 persons)............ 2,101,001(15) 2.90%
</TABLE>
- ---------------
* Less than 1%
(1) Other than as set forth below, none of the above named officers and
directors owned any shares of Series C Preferred or Series E Preferred
as of October 31, 1996:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Series C Preferred Number of Shares Percent of Class
------------------ --------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Herbert M. Bridge.................................... 200 shares less than 1%
James H. Stever...................................... 500 shares less than 1%
All directors and executive officers as a group ..... 700 shares less than 1%
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Series E Preferred Number of Shares Percent of Class
------------------ --------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Herbert M. Bridge .................................. 984 shares less than 1%
Louis H. Pepper...................................... 1,525 shares less than 1%
All directors and executive officers as a group ..... 2,509 shares less than 1%
</TABLE>
(2) Includes 2,000 shares issuable pursuant to stock options exercisable
within 60 days of October 31, 1996 by each of Messrs. Beighle,
Eigsti, Ellis, Evans, Gerberding, Murphy, Pepper, Reed and Stever and
1,000 shares issuable pursuant to stock options exercisable within 60
days of October 31, 1996 by each of Mrs. Farrell and Dr. McKinney.
(3) Includes 1,350 shares held in a Keogh Plan, 795 shares held in an
Individual Retirement Account and 9,375 shares held jointly with the
estate of Gwendolen A. Beighle, for which Mr. Beighle is the personal
representative.
(4) All shares are held jointly with Mr. Bridge's spouse.
(5) Includes 24,275 shares held in a Keogh plan.
(6) Includes 5,175 shares held jointly with Mr. Evans' spouse and 7,575
shares held in a Keogh Plan, which is part of the Evans Family
Revocable Trust, of which Mr. Evans and his spouse serve as
co-trustees.
(7) Includes 388,917 shares issuable pursuant to stock options exercisable
within 60 days of October 31, 1996.
(8) Includes 22,252 shares issuable pursuant to stock options exercisable
within 60 days of October 31, 1996.
(9) Includes 1,500 shares held jointly with Mr. Murphy's spouse.
(10) Includes 16,333 shares issuable pursuant to stock options exercisable
within 60 days of October 31, 1996.
(11) All shares are held jointly with Mr. Reed's spouse.
(12) 4,500 shares are held jointly with Mr. Stever's spouse.
(13) Includes 74,667 shares issuable pursuant to stock options exercisable
within 60 days of October 31, 1996.
(14) Includes 64,166 shares issuable pursuant to stock options exercisable
within 60 days of October 31, 1996.
(15) Includes, in the aggregate, 604,918 shares issuable pursuant to stock
options exercisable within 60 days of October 31, 1996.
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<PAGE> 93
DIVIDEND POLICY
Dividends may be paid on the Common Stock as and when declared by the
Washington Mutual Board out of funds legally available for the payment of
dividends. Each quarter, the Washington Mutual Board considers the payment of
dividends. The factors affecting this determination include Washington Mutual's
long-term interests, current and projected earnings, adequacy of capitalization,
expected asset and deposit growth as well as other financial conditions, legal,
regulatory and contractual restrictions, and tax considerations.
According to Washington law, Washington Mutual dividends may be paid
only if, after giving effect to the dividend, Washington Mutual will be able to
pay its debts as they become due in the ordinary course of business and
Washington Mutual's total assets will not be less than the sum of its total
liabilities plus the amount that would be needed, if Washington Mutual were to
be dissolved at the time of the dividend, to satisfy the preferential rights of
persons whose right to payment is superior to those receiving the dividend.
Washington Mutual's ability to pay dividends is also dependent on the ability of
WMBfsb, WMB and other subsidiary operations to pay dividends to Washington
Mutual.
The three series of outstanding Preferred Stock rank prior to the
Common Stock and to all other classes and series of equity securities of
Washington Mutual, other than any classes or series of equity securities of
Washington Mutual ranking on a parity with the Preferred Stock.
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<PAGE> 94
The rights of holders of Preferred Stock to receive dividends is
noncumulative. Accordingly, if the Washington Mutual Board fails to declare a
dividend on any dividend payment date, the holders of Preferred Stock will have
no right to receive a dividend in respect of the dividend period ending on such
dividend payment date and Washington Mutual will have no obligation to pay the
dividend accrued for such period, whether or not dividends are declared payable
on any future dividend payment dates.
Full dividends on Preferred Stock must be declared and paid or set
apart for payment for the most recent dividend period ended before (i) any
dividend (other than in Common Stock) on stock junior to the Preferred Stock
("Junior Stock") may be declared or paid or set aside for payment or other
distribution made upon the Common Stock or on any other Junior Stock or (ii)
Junior Stock is redeemed (or any moneys are paid to or made available for a
sinking fund for the redemption of any share of any such stock) or any Junior
Stock or stock on a parity with Preferred Stock ("Parity Stock") is purchased or
otherwise acquired by Washington Mutual for any consideration except by
conversion into or exchange for Junior Stock.
The Washington Mutual Board may issue Preferred Stock that is entitled
to such dividend rights as the Washington Mutual Board may determine, including
priority over Common Stock in the payment of dividends.
85
<PAGE> 95
SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
The following table sets forth certain selected consolidated financial data
of the Company at and for the years ended December 31:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(dollars in thousands, except for per 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991
share amounts)
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Interest Income $ 1,578,960 $ 1,258,550 $ 1,081,309 $ 813,893 $ 777,812
Interest Expense 960,724 651,871 520,750 456,876 520,021
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net interest income 618,236 606,679 560,559 357,017 257,791
Provision for loan losses 11,150 20,400 35,225 14,887 22,407
Other income 117,874 118,502 152,575 97,748 101,317
Other expense 417,655 415,300 394,874 253,024 204,130
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Income before income taxes,
extraordinary items and
cumulative effect of change
in tax accounting method 307,305 289,481 283,035 186,854 132,571
Income taxes 107,504 108,159 98,864 64,459 45,920
Extraordinary items, net of
federal income tax effect - - (8,953) (4,638) -
Cumulative effect of change in
tax accounting method - - 13,365 - -
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net income $ 199,801 $ 181,322 $ 188,583 $ 117,757 $ 86,651
========================================================================================================================
Net income attributable to
common stock $ 181,217 $ 162,738 $ 175,025 $ 112,882 $ 81,776
========================================================================================================================
Net income per common share(1):
Primary $ 2.59 $ 2.45 $ 2.70 $ 1.95 $ 1.61
Fully diluted 2.51 2.38 2.57 1.85 1.52
Cash dividend declared per share (2):
Preferred stock (Series A, C, D and E
cumulative) $ 10.18 $ 10.18 $ 7.56 $ 3.75 $3.75
Common stock(1) 0.77 0.70 0.50 0.33 0.24
Common stock dividend payout ratio 25.74% 24.50% 15.98% 15.43% 13.06%
Return on average assets 0.97 1.03 1.31 1.24 1.05
Return on average stockholders'
equity 13.31 13.77 16.89 15.26 14.33
Return on average common
stockholders' equity 13.73 14.30 18.31 15.26 14.33
Assets $22,420,379 $19,175,991 $16,513,432 $10,531,744 $8,529,135
Available for sale securities 7,768,115 2,701,799 138,342 0 0
Held to maturity securities 172,786 2,646,194 4,070,733 2,809,057 2,342,998
Loans:
Residential 7,861,990 8,100,930 6,764,373 4,416,454 3,241,043
Residential construction 615,814 549,271 430,215 366,808 326,508
Commercial real estate 1,867,347 1,805,951 1,922,120 1,055,312 901,098
Manufactured housing, second
mortgage and other consumer 2,653,850 2,392,502 2,138,852 1,136,370 940,252
Commercial 179,568 129,048 131,468 118,717 112,312
Reserve for loan losses (143,319) (132,499) (119,315) (58,075) (55,900)
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total loans 13,035,250 12,845,203 11,267,713 7,035,586 5,465,313
========================================================================================================================
Deposits 11,306,436 10,432,888 9,976,961 6,624,584 5,910,396
Annuities 855,503 799,178 713,383 571,428 433,767
Borrowings 8,332,275 6,413,711 4,337,262 2,164,268 1,355,669
Preferred stock 250,168 252,034 252,053 266,633 63,152
Stockholders' equity 1,660,084 1,364,258 1,252,888 1,045,289 694,134
Stockholders' equity ratio 7.40% 7.11% 7.59% 9.93% 8.14%
Leverage capital ratio 5.72 6.01 6.10 9.27 7.52
Book value per common share(1) $ 19.97 $ 16.98 $ 15.87 $ 13.89 $ 11.42
Number of common shares
outstanding(1) 71,804,527 67,837,553 65,958,489 59,637,406 54,383,960
Number of preferred shares
outstanding 6,122,500 6,200,000 6,200,000 5,494,150 1,300,000
</TABLE>
- -----------
(1) Net income per common share, cash dividends declared per common share, book
value per common share and number of common shares outstanding for 1992 and
1991 have been adjusted for the third quarter 1993 and first quarter 1992 50
percent stock dividends, each of which had the effect of a three-for-two
stock split.
(2) Dividends include only amounts paid to Washington Mutual, Inc. shareholders.
86
<PAGE> 96
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL POSITION AND
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1995
The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction
with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto, and with reference
to the discussion of the operations and other financial information presented
elsewhere in this report.
During the first half of 1993, Washington Mutual merged with Pioneer
and acquired Pacific First. As a result of the acquisition of Pacific First, the
Company became substantially larger, with significant operations in Oregon as
well as Washington. In 1994 and 1995, Washington Mutual continued to expand its
operations through business combinations with other financial institutions with
locations in Washington, Utah and Montana.
During 1995, Washington Mutual took steps to diversify its operations
into commercial banking. In August, the Company acquired Enterprise through a
merger of Enterprise with and into WMB. Enterprise, a Bellevue, Washington-based
commercial bank specializes in lending to small- and mid-size businesses. In
October, Washington Mutual signed an agreement to merge WMB with Western, a
commercial bank with branch operations throughout Oregon. The Western
transaction was completed on January 31, 1996.
During 1994, there was an increase in short-term interest rates, which
had an adverse effect not only on the results of operations but also on the
market value of the Company's net financial assets. Although short-term interest
rates did not generally increase further in 1995 and actually declined somewhat
in the latter half of the year, the 1994 interest rate increase continued to
affect the Company's financial performance during much of 1995. Except for
available-for-sale securities, financial assets and liabilities were reported at
historical cost and accordingly the financial statements do not reflect changes
in market value. (See "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data--Note 27:
Fair Value of Financial Instruments.")
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Washington Mutual's net income of $199.8 million for 1995 exceeded
earnings of $181.3 million in 1994 and $188.6 million in 1993. Fully diluted
earnings per share were $2.51 in 1995, compared with $2.38 in 1994 and $2.57 in
1993. Washington Mutual's return on average assets ("ROA") for 1995 equaled 0.97
percent, down from 1.03 percent in 1994 and 1.31 percent in 1993. Its return on
average common stockholders' equity ("ROCE") of 13.73 percent for 1995 was also
down from the previous two years--14.30 percent in 1994 and 18.31 percent in
1993. During 1993, Washington Mutual operated in a highly favorable interest
rate environment. However, an increase of approximately 250 basis points in
short-term interest rates in 1994 led to a compression of the net interest
margin (net interest income divided by average interest-earning assets) and a
corresponding pressure on net interest income in 1994 and 1995. Certain
short-term interest rates were lowered 25 basis points in mid-1995 and again in
December, resulting in an improved operating environment for the Company. This
favorable change in interest rates helped the Company earn an ROA and ROCE of
1.02 percent and 14.17 percent for 4th quarter 1995.
Net Interest Income
Net interest income of $618.2 million for 1995 was up slightly from
$606.7 million in 1994, which in turn was 8 percent higher than the $ 560.6
million earned during 1993. Most of the growth in net interest income was due to
the increase in average interest-earning assets. Although average
interest-earning assets were up 18 percent during 1995, a decline in the net
interest margin limited the increase in net interest income.
The increase in market interest rates during 1994 had a negative
impact on the net interest margin throughout 1995. The net interest margin for
1995 of 3.14 percent declined from 3.65 percent in 1994 and 4.15 percent in
1993. During the last three months of 1995 the net interest margin rose to 3.19
percent, aided by a decrease in short-term interest rates beginning in mid-1995.
However, an increase in market interest rates during 1996 could place pressure
on
87
<PAGE> 97
the net interest margin and, unless offset by growth of interest-earning assets,
a corresponding pressure on net interest income. (See "Financial Statements and
Supplementary Data--Note 15: Interest Rate Risk Management.")
The low level of interest rates during 1993 resulted in a significant
portion of the Company's loans being refinanced and mortgage-backed securities
being prepaid, as borrowers sought to lower their interest rates. The result was
a decline in the yield on interest-earning assets to 8.00 percent in 1993 and
7.57 percent in 1994. The lower interest rate levels also resulted in a lower
cost of funds during 1993. The average rate paid on deposits and borrowings fell
to 3.98 percent in 1993. However, an increase in short-term rates during 1994
caused the cost of funds to increase to 4.06 percent. The full effect of this
rise in short-term rates was felt in 1995 (mitigated somewhat by a subsequent
lowering of short-term rates mid-year) pushing the cost of funds up to 5.05
percent for the year. The yield on earning assets during 1995 increased to only
8.02 percent because longer-term interest rates did not increase as much as
short-term rates. Also, the Company, because most of its earning assets were
fixed rate, was not in a position to take full advantage of the increase. The
net interest spread (the difference between the yield on interest-earning assets
and the cost of funds) declined to 2.97 percent for 1995 from 3.51 percent
earned during 1994 and 4.02 percent in 1993.
88
<PAGE> 98
Average consolidated statements of financial position and analysis of
net interest spread were as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended December 31, 1995
Interest
Average Income
(dollars in thousands) Balance(1) Rate or Expense
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
ASSETS
Investments $ 6,634,030 7.30% $ 484,422
Loans(3) 13,042,573 8.39 1,094,538
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total interest-earning assets 19,676,603 8.02 1,578,960
Other assets 913,921 -- --
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$20,590,524 -- --
===========================================================================================================
LIABILITIES
Deposits:
Checking accounts $ 1,480,410 1.38 $ 20,363
Savings and money market accounts 3,560,764 4.02 143,255
Time deposits 5,915,419 5.66 334,885
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10,956,593 4.55 498,503
Borrowings:
Annuities 801,129 5.58 44,716
Federal funds purchased 299,495 5.16 15,460
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase 3,785,118 5.86 221,735
Advances from the FHLB 2,970,831 5.77 171,564
Other interest-bearing liabilities 194,879 4.49 8,746
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8,051,452 5.74 462,221
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total interest-bearing liabilities 19,008,045 5.05 960,724
Other liabilities 81,639 -- --
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
19,089,684 -- --
Stockholders' equity 1,500,840 -- --
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $20,590,524 -- --
===========================================================================================================
Net interest spread and income 2.97% $ 618,236
===========================================================================================================
Net interest margin 3.14%
</TABLE>
(1) Average balances were calculated on a monthly basis.
(2) Average balances were calculated on a daily basis.
(3) Nonaccruing loans were included in the daily average loan amounts
outstanding.
89
<PAGE> 99
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended December 31, 1994 Year Ended December 31, 1993
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Interest Interest
Average Income Average Income
Balance(2) Rate or Expense Balance(2) Rate or Expense
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
$ 4,656,366 6.63% $ 308,773 $ 3,672,777 7.04% $ 258,435
11,956,873 7.94 949,777 9,848,555 8.36 822,874
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
16,613,239 7.57 1,258,550 13,521,332 8.00 1,081,309
951,995 -- -- 882,559 -- --
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$17,565,234 -- -- $14,403,891 -- --
==========================================================================================================
$ 1,460,393 1.34 19,629 $ 1,324,899 1.61 $ 21,292
3,243,281 3.16 102,352 2,865,964 3.30 94,701
5,315,137 4.68 248,891 5,112,073 4.67 238,750
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10,018,811 3.70 370,872 9,302,936 3.81 354,743
734,969 4.51 33,143 629,636 5.92 37,258
-- -- -- -- -- --
2,206,363 4.47 98,568 1,526,208 3.84 58,614
3,002,174 4.80 144,163 1,573,678 4.19 65,890
81,951 6.25 5,125 68,504 6.20 4,245
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6,025,457 4.66 280,999 3,798,026 4.37 166,007
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
16,044,268 4.06 651,871 13,100,962 3.98 520,750
204,124 -- -- 186,412 -- --
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
16,248,392 -- -- 13,287,374 -- --
1,316,842 -- -- 1,116,517 -- --
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$17,565,234 -- -- $14,403,891 -- --
==========================================================================================================
3.51% $ 606,679 4.02% $560,559
==========================================================================================================
3.65% 4.15%
</TABLE>
90
<PAGE> 100
An analysis of the change in net interest income was as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1995 vs. 1994 1994 vs. 1993
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Increase (Decrease) Due To Total Increase (Decrease) Due To Total
(dollars in thousands) Volume(1) Rate Change Volume(2) Rate Change
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Interest income
Investments $133,015 $ 42,634 $175,649 $ 69,506 $(19,168) $ 50,338
Loans(3) 86,599 58,162 144,761 176,474 (49,571) 126,903
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
219,614 100,796 320,410 245,980 (68,739) 177,241
Interest expense
Deposits:
Checking accounts 234 500 734 2,056 (3,719) (1,663)
Savings and money
market accounts 10,048 30,855 40,903 12,005 (4,354) 7,651
Time deposits 28,100 57,894 85,994 9,662 479 10,141
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
38,382 89,249 127,631 23,723 (7,594) 16,129
Borrowings:
Annuities 2,988 8,585 11,573 6,252 (10,367) (4,115)
Federal funds purchased 15,460 -- 15,460 -- -- --
Securities sold under
agreements to repurchase 70,603 52,564 123,167 26,234 13,720 39,954
Advances from the FHLB (1,563) 28,964 27,401 59,901 18,372 78,273
Other 7,007 (3,386) 3,621 821 59 880
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
94,495 86,727 181,222 93,208 21,784 114,992
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
132,877 175,976 308,853 116,931 14,190 131,121
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net interest income $ 86,737 $(75,180) $ 11,557 $129,049 $(82,929) $ 46,120
================================================================================================================================
</TABLE>
(1) Average balances were calculated on a monthly basis.
(2) Average balances were calculated on a daily basis.
(3) Nonaccruing loans were included in the daily average loan amounts
outstanding.
Other Income
Other income was $117.9 million in 1995, down from $118.5 million in
1994 and $152.6 million in 1993. Other income in 1993 included $42.3 million in
gains on the sale of loans and other assets. The significant level of asset
gains during 1993 resulted from asset restructuring to accommodate the
acquisition of Pacific First. In addition, loans were sold during 1993 to take
advantage of record loan origination volume fueled by home loan refinancing and
a declining interest rate environment which enabled the Company to sell these
loans at a gain.
Depositor fees of $57.5 million in 1995 were far in excess of the
prior year's $28.5 million and $22.3 million in 1993. The increase in depositor
fees reflected substantial account and household growth coupled with a revised
fee structure for certain deposit services. The primary component of this growth
was noninterest-bearing checking accounts, considered the core accounts of
consumer banking. Checking accounts are an attractive means of providing
low-cost deposits, producing added fee income and generating demand for the
Company's other products and services.
Loan servicing fees were $10.6 million in 1995, up from $9.2 million
in 1994. During 1995, the Company securitized $2,373.2 million in residential
loans, increasing the portfolio of loans serviced for others to $5,216.4 million
at December 31, 1995 from $4,015.4 million at the end of 1994. Loan servicing
fees were $13.4 million in 1993. The 1993 level was the result of an expanded
loan servicing portfolio stemming from the acquisition of Pacific First. The
decision to retain loans originated in the latter half of 1993 and into 1994,
coupled with the significant refinancing activity of 1993,
91
<PAGE> 101
resulted in a shrinkage of the portfolio of loans serviced for others to
$4,015.4 million at December 31, 1994, from $4,794.8 million one year earlier.
The principal component of other service fees is service fees
generated by the Company's nonbanking subsidiaries. Nonbanking service fees
totaled $24.8 million in 1995, down from $37.9 million in 1994 and $43.1 million
in 1993. (See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Position and
Results of Operations - Nonbanking Subsidiary Operations.") Due to the drop in
nonbanking service fees, other service fees in 1995 totaled $8.0 million,
compared with $12.2 million in 1994 and $10.6 million in 1993.
The gain on sale of loans, inclusive of write-downs totaled $1.7
million in 1995, compared with $802,000 in 1994 and $15.5 million in 1993. Sales
activity in 1995 and 1994 was minimal as Washington Mutual retained or
securitized most of its loan production. However, during 1993, gains of $21.6
million were earned on a sales volume of $981.3 million, but prepayment activity
required a write-down of mortgage servicing rights of $6.1 million.
During 1995, the net loss of $2.4 million on the sale of other assets,
inclusive of write-downs was the result of $8.4 million in write-downs taken due
to credit quality deterioration on certain securities offset by $6.0 million in
gains generated through the disposition of primarily fixed-rate mortgage-backed
securities. Gains on the sale of other assets in 1994 were $4.7 million, down
from $26.8 million in 1993. The gains generated in 1995 and 1994 were from the
available-for-sale portfolio. Adjustments to Washington Mutual's balance sheet
to accommodate the acquisition of Pacific First were primarily responsible for
the large gains on the sale of other assets during 1993. During this
restructuring, Washington Mutual primarily sold mortgage-backed securities to
reduce the pre-acquisition size of its balance sheet.
Other Expense
Total other expense of $417.7 million in 1995 compared favorably with
$415.3 million in 1994 and $394.9 million in 1993. The increases generally
reflected the growth in total assets, particularly the increased number of
financial centers. One commonly accepted measure of a bank's operating
efficiency is the ratio of its operating expenses to revenues (net interest
income and other income). The Company has established a long-term operating
efficiency goal of 50 percent. Washington Mutual's operating efficiency ratios
were 56.7 percent for 1995 versus 57.3 percent for 1994 and 55.4 percent for
1993.
At year-end 1995, staffing for the organization of 4,924 full-time
equivalent employees was virtually unchanged from 4,887 at the end of 1994, but
down from 5,186 at the end of 1993. The decline in the number of full-time
equivalent employees during 1994 was the result of reducing staffing levels to
match lower lending volumes. These declines helped to alleviate the upward
pressure on salaries and employee benefits. The expense for salaries and
employee benefits totaled $190.2 million, $189.3 million and $176.4 million in
1995, 1994, and 1993.
The increase in occupancy and equipment expense to $73.0 million in
1995 from $67.6 million in 1994 and $60.1 million in 1993 was primarily due to
the growth in the number of financial centers, an expansion of head office
facilities and technology upgrades to accommodate the Company's reengineering
efforts.
Regulatory assessments totaled $21.5 million in 1995, compared with
$22.4 million in 1994 and $20.4 million in 1993. Although total deposits
outstanding increased in 1995, the expected increase in deposit premiums paid to
the FDIC was offset by a reduction in the premium rate. (See "Regulation and
Supervision -- FDIC Insurance.") The expense increase in 1994 was solely the
result of the increase in total deposits outstanding.
On September 30, 1996, President Clinton signed legislation intended
to recapitalize the Savings Association Insurance Fund ("SAIF") and to reduce
the gap between SAIF premiums and the Bank Insurance Fund ("BIF") premiums,
among other things. The legislation provides for a special one-time assessment
on SAIF-insured deposits that were held as of March 31, 1995, including certain
deposits acquired after that date. The assessment will bring the SAIF's reserve
ratio to the legally required level of $1.25 for every $100 in insured
deposits. Beginning in January 1997, deposits insured through the SAIF at most
institutions probably will be subject to regular FDIC assessments amounting to
6.4 cents per $100 per year, while deposits insured through the BIF at most
institutions probably will be subject to regular FDIC assessments amounting to
1.3 cents per $100 per year.
Washington Mutual's special assessment will result in an estimated
pretax charge of about $35.7 million. Even though the one-time charge, to be
taken in the quarter ended September 30, 1996, will reduce that quarter's
earnings by approximately one-third, management believes the legislation to be
in the best interests of the Company. Based on current levels of deposits,
Washington Mutual estimates that the reduction in the regular assessment on its
SAIF deposits beginning in 1997 should result in annual pretax savings of
approximately $10.0 million. Neither the one-time charge, nor the annual
savings thereafter should have a material impact on the Company's financial
position, capital level or liquidity.
Other operating expenses increased to $102.6 million in 1995 from
$98.8 million (inclusive of a $5.0 million one-time expense of a legal
settlement, see "Nonbanking Subsidiary Operations") in 1994 and $98.1 million in
1993. Other operating expenses tend to rise with the increased size of the
Company.
Goodwill and other intangible assets have resulted from business
combinations accounted for as purchase transactions. Goodwill and other
intangible assets are amortized using the straight-line method over the period
that is
92
<PAGE> 102
expected to be benefited, which originally ranged from three to 10 years. The
acquisition of Pacific First in the second quarter of 1993 was the most
significant of such business combinations and resulted in the creation of $178.2
million in goodwill and other intangible assets to be amortized over 10 years.
The amortization of goodwill and other intangible assets was $28.3 million in
1995, compared with $29.1 million in 1994 and $24.7 million in 1993.
During 1995, REO operations, inclusive of write-downs generated $7.4
million of income, compared with net expense of $12,000 in 1994 and $6.3 million
in 1993. During 1995, net gains on the disposition of properties totaled $5.0
million. There were no gains or losses in 1994 and only $340,000 of net gains in
1993. During 1994 and 1993, write-downs of $100,000 and $7.3 million were taken
to increase the REO reserve for losses. (See "Financial Statements and
Supplementary Data -- Note 7: REO" for further discussion of REO operations.)
Extraordinary Items
In 1993, Washington Mutual redeemed for cash all $40.0 million in
principal of its 10.50 percent subordinated capital notes due March 15, 1999.
Also, during 1993, Washington Mutual prepaid advances from the FHLB totaling
$432.6 million.
Taxation
Income taxes include federal income taxes and applicable state income
taxes. (See "Business--Taxation.")
As a result of the Budget Act, which was signed into law on August 10,
1993, the corporate tax rate increased to 35 percent effective January 1, 1993.
Washington Mutual was also required under the Budget Act to report certain
securities and other assets at fair market value effective January 1, 1993. This
rule, however, has not had a material impact on the income tax provision of the
Company.
In February 1992, FASB issued SFAS No. 109, Accounting for Income
Taxes, that changed the accounting principle governing accounting for income
taxes. The statement requires the use of the liability method in accounting for
income taxes and eliminates on a prospective basis the former exception from the
provision of deferred income taxes on thrift bad debt reserves. Washington
Mutual implemented the change in first quarter 1993, as required by FASB. The
change resulted in a cumulative positive adjustment to earnings of $13.4
million, on an after-tax basis.
Nonbanking Subsidiary Operations
Nonbanking subsidiary operations generally constitute 5 percent of the
Company's total pretax operating income. Pretax operating income (net income
before amortization of goodwill and intangible assets and elimination of
intercompany transactions) was $17.2 million in 1995, compared with $14.2
million in 1994 and $18.1 million in 1993. The securities and insurance
operations typically account for more than 90 percent of nonbanking pretax
operating income.
WM Life improved its operating performance, posting pretax operating
income of $14.3 million in 1995, up from $12.5 million in 1994 and $9.9 million
in 1993. Contributing to the improvement in earnings were strong sales of
annuities. However, annuities outstanding at year-end 1995 were up only 7
percent to $855.5 million, from $799.2 million at the end of 1994 due to a high
level of surrenders of annuity contracts. Annuities outstanding at the end of
1994 were up 12 percent from $713.4 million at the end of 1993.
Lower than anticipated sales reduced pretax operating income for
Murphey Favre to $437,000 in 1995. The pretax net loss of $2.2 million in 1994
resulted primarily from the $5.0 million one-time expense of a legal settlement
related to the sale by Murphey Favre between 1987 and 1990 of bonds issued by
Homestead Savings of Millbrae, California. Murphey Favre earned $4.3 million on
a pretax basis during 1993.
93
<PAGE> 103
Composite Research's financial performance has remained steady during
the past three years, rising slightly to $3.0 million in 1995 from $2.9 million
in 1994 and $2.5 million in 1993.
The 1994 pretax operating income of Mutual Travel was $1.2 million,
compared with $1.3 million in 1993. In March 1995, as part of the Company's
decision to refocus on its core business, WMI sold Mutual Travel to a company
whose principal shareholders were Mutual Travel's management team. The sale
price is contingent upon the operating performance of Mutual Travel over the
next three years, and is expected to result in a minimum pretax gain of
approximately $4.0 million. The gain will be recognized when a substantial
portion of the applicable provisions of the sale agreement are met, which is
anticipated to be in early 1996.
Nonbanking subsidiary results of operations were as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended December 31,
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1995 1994 1993
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Securities:
Murphey Favre, Inc. $ 437 $(2,249) $ 4,334
Composite Research & Management Co. 2,967 2,854 2,539
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3,404 605 6,873
WM Life Insurance Co. 14,292 12,482 9,900
Mutual Travel, Inc. 229 1,178 1,266
WM Financial, Inc. and other (691) (23) 40
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net income before amortization of goodwill and other
intangible assets, elimination of intercompany
transactions, and federal income taxes 17,234 14,242 18,079
Amortization of goodwill and other intangible assets 932 1,501 1,874
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net income before elimination of intercompany transactions
and federal income taxes $16,302 $12,741 $16,205
==============================================================================================================
</TABLE>
94
<PAGE> 104
REVIEW OF FINANCIAL POSITION
Assets
Assets grew substantially in 1995, as they did in 1994. During 1995,
total assets grew $3,244.4 million to end the year at $22,420.4 million. At
December 31, 1994, total assets were $19,176.0 million, an increase of $2,725.2
million from December 31, 1993. Most of the growth over the past two years has
come from retaining originated loans (either as part of the loan portfolio or as
securitized mortgage-backed securities) and acquiring investment-grade
securities.
Investment Activities
The Company's investment portfolio increased 48 percent to $7,941.1
million at December 31, 1995 from $5,348.6 million a year earlier. Contributing
to the growth in 1995 was the securitization and retention of $2,373.2 million
of loans. Also in 1995, as in 1994, Washington Mutual leveraged its capital and
increased its investment portfolio. This increase was funded mostly through
borrowings. By leveraging the balance sheet through the use of these wholesale
activities, Washington Mutual generated additional net interest income.
As of December 31, 1995, the Company's investment portfolio included
$172.8 million held-to-maturity securities (with a fair value of $186.5
million), $7,768.1 million available-for-sale securities and $238,000 trading
account securities. During 1995, FASB issued a report entitled A Guide to
Implementation of Statement 115 on Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt
and Equity Securities, Questions and Answers that allowed companies a one-time
reassessment and related reclassification from the held-to-maturity category to
the available-for-sale category without adverse accounting consequences for the
remainder of the portfolio. Washington Mutual elected to take advantage of this
opportunity and reclassified $3,501.2 million of its held-to-maturity securities
into the available-for-sale category on December 1, 1995. Of the securities
transferred, approximately 80 percent were fixed-rate securities.
It is anticipated that these fixed-rate securities will be replaced
with adjustable-rate agency securities, adjustable- and fixed-rate private-issue
securities, collateralized mortgage obligations, and purchased loan pools as the
fixed-rate securities pay down or are sold as market conditions permit. This
portfolio restructuring strategy is intended to reduce the Company's interest
rate sensitivity while simultaneously protecting its yield. As the Company
substitutes adjustable-rate assets for fixed-rate securities, its sensitivity to
future changes in interest rates decreases. This is because, unlike fixed-rate
securities, adjustable-rate assets' interest rates change, within certain
periodic and lifetime cap restraints, with corresponding changes in market
rates. But, substituting adjustable-rate assets for fixed-rate securities can
have two disadvantages. First of all, adjustable-rate assets, when compared with
similar fixed-rate assets, carry additional credit risk in an increasing
interest rate environment. As these assets reprice upward, the underlying
borrower's creditworthiness may become impaired. Secondly, the holding of
adjustable-rate assets will decrease the overall portfolio yield in a stable or
declining interest rate environment. Accordingly, the Company plans to replace
some of its fixed-rate securities with private-issue securities, collateralized
mortgage obligations, and purchased loan pools to minimize the decline in
portfolio yield.
Historically, the yield on private-issue securities, collateralized
mortgage obligations, and purchased loan pools has exceeded agency securities
because they expose the Company to certain risks that are not inherent in agency
securities, such as credit risk and liquidity risk. These assets are not
guaranteed by the U.S. government or one of its agencies because the loan size,
underwriting or underlying collateral of these assets often does not meet set
industry standards. Consequently, there is a higher potential of loss of the
principal investment. For this reason, it is possible that the Company will not
receive an enhanced overall yield on the portfolio and in fact could incur a
loss. Additionally, the Company may not be able to sell such assets in certain
market conditions as the number of interested buyers may be limited at that
time. Furthermore, the complex structure of certain collateralized mortgage
obligations in the Company's portfolio increases the difficulty in assessing the
portfolio's risk and its fair value. An example of some of the more complex
structures include certain collateralized mortgage obligations where the Company
holds subordinated tranches, certain collateralized mortgage obligations that
have been resecuritized, and certain securities that contain a significant
number of jumbo, nonconforming loans.
95
<PAGE> 105
In an effort to reduce these risks, the Company now performs a credit
review on each individual security or loan pool prior to purchase. Such a review
includes consideration of the collateral characteristics, borrower payment
histories and information concerning loan delinquencies and losses of the
underlying collateral. After a security is purchased, similar information will
be monitored on a periodic basis. Furthermore, the Company has established
internal guidelines limiting the geographic concentration of the underlying
collateral.
As of December 31, 1995, the Company held $744.6 million of
private-issue securities. Of that amount, 14 percent were the highest investment
grade (AAA), 66 percent were rated investment grade (AA or A), 13 percent were
rated lowest investment grade (BBB) and 7 percent were rated below investment
grade (BB or below). During 1995, the Company realized $8.4 million of losses on
certain securities in the below investment grade portfolio due to credit quality
deterioration.
The available-for-sale portfolio is now much larger as a result of the
transfer on December 1, 1995. Therefore, the Company redesignated $1,567.0
million of interest rate exchange agreements and interest rate cap agreements
from short-term borrowings and deposits to the available-for-sale portfolio.
While this is not expected to fully offset the impact of further changes in
interest rates on the portfolio, it will help to reduce the impact of future
changes. As of December 31, 1994, a net unrealized loss (on an after-tax basis)
of $32.1 million associated with the available-for-sale securities was included
as a separate component of stockholders' equity. But as a result of interest
rate declines during 1995 and the reclassification of securities into the
available-for-sale portfolio, the valuation reserve for the available-for-sale
portfolio increased to a net unrealized gain (on an after-tax basis) of $78.4
million as of December 31, 1995.
Available-for-sale securities reported in the financial statements at
fair value consisted of the following:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(dollars in thousands) 1995 1994 1993
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Investment securities:
U.S. government and agency obligations $ 153,846 $ 420,884 $138,342
Corporate debt obligations 437,985 135,060 --
Equity securities 365,204 265,010 --
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
957,035 820,954 138,342
Mortgage-backed securities:
U.S. government agency 6,068,903 1,471,070 --
Corporate 744,609 349,431 --
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6,813,512 1,820,501
Derivative instruments:
Interest rate exchange agreements (11,847) 18,654 --
Interest rate cap agreements 9,415 41,690 --
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(2,432) 60,344 --
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$7,768,115 $2,701,799 $138,342
=======================================================================================
</TABLE>
96
<PAGE> 106
The stated maturities of the Company's available-for-sale securities
were as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31, 1995
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Due after one After five No
Due within but within but within After stated
(dollars in thousands) one year five years 10 years 10 years maturity Total
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Investment securities:
U.S. government and agency
obligations $65,056 $ 19,955 $ 9,671 $ 59,164 $ -- $ 153,846
Corporate debt obligations 1,512 143,734 188,456 104,283 -- 437,985
Equity securities -- -- -- -- 365,204 365,204
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
66,568 163,689 198,127 163,447 365,204 957,035
Mortgage-backed securities:
U.S. government agency 5 13,849 9,446 6,045,603 -- 6,068,903
Corporate -- -- 19,257 725,352 -- 744,609
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5 13,849 28,703 6,770,955 -- 6,813,512
Derivative instruments:
Interest rate exchange agreements -- (11,847) -- -- -- (11,847)
Interest rate cap agreements -- 9,415 -- -- -- 9,415
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- (2,432) -- -- -- (2,432)
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$66,573 $175,106 $226,830 $6,934,402 $365,204 $7,768,115
==============================================================================================================================
Weighted average yield at
end of year 4.80% 8.23% 7.01% 7.01% 7.00% 7.02%
</TABLE>
The available-for-sale portfolio is maintained as a source of
investment income as well as potential liquidity should it be necessary for the
Company to raise cash or reduce its asset size. Because the available-for-sale
portfolio is required to be carried at fair value, its carrying value fluctuates
with changes in market factors, primarily interest rates. This portfolio is
substantially composed of mortgage-backed securities of which approximately 40
percent have adjustable rates and the remainder fixed rates. In an attempt to
modify the interest flows on these securities as well as protect against market
value changes, certain interest rate exchange agreements and interest rate cap
agreements have been designated to the available-for-sale portfolio. The effect
of such agreements in a rising interest rate environment is to shorten the
effective repricing period of the underlying assets. Specifically, as short-term
interest rates increase, the overall yield of the portfolio rises. However, the
yield is constrained by periodic and lifetime interest rate adjustment limits or
caps on the underlying adjustable-rate assets and also by the very nature of the
fixed-rate assets in the portfolio. The Company, therefore, seeks to shorten the
repricing period by entering into interest rate cap agreements that are intended
to provide an additional layer of interest rate protection against the effect of
the periodic and lifetime interest rate adjustment limits or caps and fixed-rate
securities in the portfolio. Through the use of specific interest rate cap
agreement provisions, management attempts to reduce the repricing ceiling of the
portfolio and to effectively shorten the repricing period. Thus, the Company has
a degree of interest rate protection when interest rates increase because the
interest rate cap agreements provide a mechanism for repricing the investment
portfolio generally on pace with current market rates. In a similar way,
interest rate exchange agreements are utilized to provide protection in an
increasing rate environment, but also result in sensitivity in a downward
market. There can be no assurance that interest rate exchange agreements and
interest rate cap agreements will provide the Company with protection in all
scenarios or to the full extent of the Company's exposure.
The following table presents the effect interest rate exchange
agreements and interest rate cap agreements have on the repricing period of
securities in the available-for-sale portfolio currently (as of December 31,
1995) or in an increasing interest rate environment (up 200 basis points):
97
<PAGE> 107
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31, 1995
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
After one
Reprice within but within After
(dollars in millions) one year two years two years Total
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Principal amount of securities $3,690 $ 392 $ 3,550 $7,632
Effect of derivative instruments 3,715 (174) (3,541) --
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Principal amount of securities after effect
of derivative instruments $7,405 $ 218 $ 9 $7,632
================================================================================================================================
</TABLE>
The following table presents the effect interest rate exchange
agreements and interest rate cap agreements have on the repricing period of
securities in the available-for-sale portfolio in a decreasing interest rate
environment (down 200 basis points):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31, 1995
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
After one
Reprice within but within After
(dollars in millions) one year two years two years Total
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Principal amount of securities $3,690 $392 $ 3,550 $7,632
Effect of derivative instruments 1,165 -- (1,165) --
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Principal amount of securities after effect
of derivative instruments $4,855 $392 $ 2,385 $7,632
================================================================================================================================
</TABLE>
The held-to-maturity portfolio by investment type consisted of the
following:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31,
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands) 1995 1994 1993
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Investment securities:
U.S. government and agency obligations $ 6,592 $ 32,720 $ 292,532
Corporate debt obligations 72,855 370,374 486,970
Municipal obligations 92,321 80,762 73,360
Equity securities -- -- 240,637
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
171,768 483,856 1,093,499
Mortgage-backed securities:
U.S. government agency 1,018 2,044,220 2,323,175
Corporate -- 118,118 654,059
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1,018 2,162,338 2,977,234
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$172,786 $2,646,194 $4,070,733
================================================================================================================================
</TABLE>
98
<PAGE> 108
The stated maturities of the Company's held-to-maturity securities
were as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31, 1995
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
After one After five
Due within but within but within After
(dollars in millions) one year five years 10 years 10 years Total
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Investment securities:
U.S. government and agency
obligations $ -- $ -- $ 6,592 $ -- $ 6,592
Corporate debt obligations 2,034 31,123 22,536 17,162 72,855
Municipal obligations 1,090 1,658 36,202 53,371 92,321
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3,124 32,781 65,330 70,533 171,768
Mortgage-backed securities:
U.S. government agency -- -- -- 1,018 1,018
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- -- -- 1,018 1,018
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$3,124 $32,781 $65,330 $71,551 $172,786
================================================================================================================================
Weighted average yield at end of year 5.47% 8.61% 7.52% 7.03% 7.52%
</TABLE>
Due to the transfer of predominantly fixed-rate mortgage-backed
securities from the held-to-maturity portfolio to the available-for-sale
portfolio in 1995, the held-to-maturity portfolio now consists almost entirely
of long-term fixed-rate debt securities that the Company intends to hold until
maturity. This portfolio had a market value appreciation of 8 percent or $13.7
million on a pretax basis at year-end 1995, compared with a 8 percent or $202.6
million market value depreciation on a pretax basis at December 31, 1994. The
decline in value at December 31, 1994 was due to the significant increase in
interest rates during 1994.
During 1994, there were no transfers between the available-for-sale
and held-to-maturity portfolios, nor were there any sales from the
held-to-maturity portfolio.
99
<PAGE> 109
Loans
Loans grew modestly during 1995 to end the year at $13,025.6 million.
At December 31, 1994, total loans outstanding equaled $12,841.6 million. Over
half of the 1995 loan production was securitized and retained in the Company's
investment portfolio.
The total amount of loans originated in 1995 was $4,429.8 million
compared with $4,338.6 million in 1994. While a year-to-year comparison of total
lending volume doesn't show much change, the mix between fixed- and
adjustable-rate loan originations has substantially altered. With the easing of
interest rates during the second half of 1995, loan production switched
predominantly to fixed-rate lending compared with a preference towards
adjustable-rate loans during 1994.
Residential loan originations of $2,279.2 million in 1995 were up
slightly from the 1994 level of $2,064.4 million. For the year, originations of
loans to purchase homes were $1,437.4 million compared with $1,211.3 million
last year, and refinancing activity in 1995 accounted for $841.8 million of the
residential lending volume compared with $853.1 million in 1994. At year-end
1995, 1-4 family residential loans comprised 60 percent of total loans
outstanding. However, with the more favorable interest rate environment in the
latter half of 1995, residential loan originations during the fourth quarter
were up 116 percent from the same period a year ago.
Residential construction originations of $929.8 million for 1995 were
down from $1,034.2 million in 1994. Custom built homes for the final purchaser
were responsible for over 60 percent of these originations during both years.
The remainder were to builders for resale. At year-end 1995, total residential
construction loans outstanding for custom homes were $367.4 million and builder
loans totaled $248.4 million, or collectively 5 percent of total loans. Because
of its short-term nature and relatively high profit margins, residential
construction lending is very profitable. Residential construction loans also
contain a higher degree of risk than other residential loans. For this reason,
Washington Mutual has strict lending and monitoring policies to limit credit
exposure. At year-end 1995, less than 2 percent of residential construction
loans were nonperforming, and loan charge-offs were minimal during the year.
Consumer loan originations of $940.7 million for all of 1995 were
slightly below the prior year's level of $977.8 million. The majority of
consumer lending was for second mortgage and manufactured housing loans. Both of
these loan areas are natural extensions of shelter-based lending and have higher
yields and generally shorter terms than traditional first mortgages.
At year-end 1995, consumer loans accounted for 20 percent of total loans.
At December 31, 1995, commercial real estate lending constituted 14
percent of total loans, of which 50 percent were for multi-family housing.
Commercial business lending accounted for 1 percent of total loans at
year-end 1995, but is expected to gain in importance with the recent commercial
bank mergers.
100
<PAGE> 110
Loans originated consisted of the following:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended December 31,
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands) 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Residential (1-4 family units):
Fixed-rate $1,557,106 $ 792,202 $3,012,935 $2,159,027 $1,241,085
Adjustable-rate 722,136 1,272,187 824,743 682,559 131,710
Residential construction 929,827 1,034,176 847,217 652,952 459,029
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3,209,069 3,098,565 4,684,895 3,494,538 1,831,824
Consumer:
Second mortgage and other
consumer 686,268 748,826 751,433 465,018 328,376
Manufactured housing 254,394 229,011 190,555 172,827 146,131
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
940,662 977,837 941,988 637,845 474,507
Commercial real estate:
Apartment buildings 96,639 92,135 71,771 59,959 31,177
Other 71,870 71,508 135,214 63,003 52,851
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
168,509 163,643 206,985 122,962 84,028
Commercial business 111,597 98,539 83,722 58,984 46,230
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$4,429,837 $4,338,584 $5,917,590 $4,314,329 $2,436,589
===================================================================================================================================
</TABLE>
Deposits
Total deposits increased to $11,306.4 million at December 31, 1995,
from $10,432.9 million at December 31, 1994. The majority of deposits are retail
in nature. Wholesale activities -- primarily time deposits from political
subdivisions and public agencies -- are an alternative to other borrowings and
their levels are determined by management's decisions as to the most economic
funding sources.
The following table sets forth information relating to deposit flows,
total deposits and the weighted average interest rate on deposit accounts for
the periods indicated:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended December 31,
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands) 1995 1994 1993
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Decrease due to deposit outflow $(42,033) $(126,482) $ (834,066)
Increase due to acquired deposits 417,078 211,537 3,831,700
Increase due to interest credited 498,503 370,872 354,743
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Increase in total deposits $ 873,548 $ 455,927 $3,352,377
===================================================================================================================================
Total deposits at end of year $11,306,436 $10,432,888 $9,976,961
Weighted average rate for the year 4.69% 3.97% 3.71%
</TABLE>
The Company utilizes interest rate exchange agreements and interest
rate cap agreements to reduce its exposure to rising interest rates. (See
"Financial Statements and Supplementary Data--Note 16: Interest Rate Risk
Management.")
Nondeposit Products
Through its nonbanking subsidiaries, Washington Mutual offers to its
customers alternative retail investment products. Annuities underwritten by WM
Life increased $56.3 million to $855.5 million. Assets of the Composite Group of
mutual funds, managed by Composite Research ended the year at $1,268.5 million,
up from $1,095.5 million at December 31, 1994. The improvement was due primarily
to an increase in market valuation.
101
<PAGE> 111
Borrowings
Washington Mutual's borrowings primarily take the form of securities
sold under agreements to repurchase and advances from the FHLB. These two
borrowing sources totaled $3,965.8 million and $3,711.4 million at year-end 1995
compared with $2,596.2 million and $3,737.6 million at December 31, 1994. The
exact mix at any given time is dependent upon the market pricing of the two
borrowing sources. The increase in the level of borrowing was used to fund the
Company's asset growth.
The Company utilizes interest rate exchange agreements and interest
rate cap agreements to reduce its exposure to rising interest rates. (See
"Financial Statements and Supplementary Data -- Note 15: Interest Rate Risk
Management.")
ASSET QUALITY
Classified Assets
Classified assets, which consist of nonaccrual loans, loans under
foreclosure, REO and performing loans (including substandard troubled debt
restructurings) and securities that exhibit credit quality weaknesses, were as
follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31,
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands) 1995 1994
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Nonaccrual loans and loans under foreclosure $ 69,707 $ 61,633
REO 25,064 19,122
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total nonperforming assets 94,771 80,755
Troubled debt restructurings (classified as substandard) 13,094 10,289
Other classified loans 97,946 156,384
Classified securities 37,645 12,865
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$243,456 $260,293
===================================================================================================================================
</TABLE>
Classified assets of $243.5 million were down 6 percent from year-end
1994 due to both the improved credit quality of certain commercial real estate
and residential construction loans and to loan repayments.
Nonperforming assets increased to $94.8 million at the end of the 1995
from $80.8 million at December 31, 1994. The majority of the increase stemmed
from a rise in the level of nonperforming residential real estate loans.
However, nonperforming assets as a percentage of total assets remained steady at
0.42 percent at year-end 1995, compared with year-end 1994.
Even though nonperforming commercial real estate assets declined to
$32.9 million at December 31, 1995, from $35.6 million a year ago, four large
loans (properties valued at $1.0 million or more) were placed on nonaccrual--a
California loan for $2.7 million and three Washington loans totaling $6.3
million. Also, during 1995, a REO property valued at $4.8 million was sold and
another loan with a basis of $1.8 million was returned to current status. At the
end of 1995, troubled assets in California totaled less than 12 percent of total
nonperforming assets.
Nonperforming assets and troubled debt restructurings consisted of the
following:
102
<PAGE> 112
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31, 1995
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nonaccruing Total As a Troubled
Loans & Non- Percentage Debt
Loans Under performing of Restruc-
(dollars in thousands) Foreclosure(1) REO Assets Total Assets turings(2)
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Residential $38,449 $ 7,965 $46,414 0.21% $ --
Residential construction 9,550 695 10,245 0.05 --
Apartment buildings 3,934 -- 3,934 0.02 2,605
Other commercial real estate 7,889 21,048 28,937 0.13 15,629
Second mortgage and other consumer 7,138 445 7,583 0.03 --
Manufactured housing 1,923 1,286 3,209 0.01 --
Commercial business 824 -- 824 -- --
Reserve for REO losses -- (6,375) (6,375) (0.03) --
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$69,707 $25,064 $94,771 0.42% $18,234
===================================================================================================================================
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31, 1994
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nonaccruing Total As a Troubled
Loans & Non- Percentage Debt
Loans Under performing of Restruc-
(dollars in thousands) Foreclosure REO Assets Total Assets turings
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Residential $27,954 $ 6,807 $34,761 0.18% --
Residential construction 4,640 1,691 6,331 0.03 --
Apartment buildings 9,106 729 9,835 0.05 1,680
Other commercial real estate 10,828 14,972 25,800 0.13 8,609
Second mortgage and other consumer 6,444 692 7,136 0.04 --
Manufactured housing 1,643 736 2,379 0.01 --
Commercial business 1,018 -- 1,018 0.01 --
Reserve for REO losses -- (6,505) (6,505) (0.03) --
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$61,633 $19,122 $80,755 0.42% $10,289
===================================================================================================================================
December 31, 1993 $77,928 $34,624 $112,552 0.68% $8,265
December 31, 1992 45,604 88,033 133,637 1.27 9,631
December 31, 1991 41,165 93,885 135,050 1.58 8,431
</TABLE>
(1) Includes $22.2 million of loans designated as impaired.
(2) Includes $8.8 million of loans designated as impaired.
(See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Position and Results of
Operations - Asset Quality - Impaired Loans.")
103
<PAGE> 113
Nonperforming commercial real estate and troubled debt restructurings
by geographic distribution and property type consisted of the following:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31, 1995
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
As a
Nonaccruing Total Percentage Troubled
Loans & Non- Total of Total Debt
Loans Under performing Loans Loans Restruc-
(dollars in thousands) Foreclosure REO Assets & REO & REO turings
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Washington $ 5,193 $16,059 $21,252 $1,033,063 2.06% $ 1,014
California 5,745 4,989 10,734 210,125 5.11 13,466
Other states 885 -- 885 645,207 0.14 3,754
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$11,823 $21,048 $32,871 $1,888,395 1.74% $18,234
===================================================================================================================================
Apartment buildings $ 3,934 $ -- $ 3,934 $ 938,533 0.42% $ 2,605
Office buildings 2,931 11,655 14,586 164,103 8.89 --
Shopping centers -- 1,357 1,357 114,158 1.19 --
Medical/dental buildings 586 4,364 4,950 50,349 9.83 --
Other 4,372 3,672 8,044 621,252 1.29 15,629
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$11,823 $21,048 $32,871 $1,888,395 1.74% $18,234
===================================================================================================================================
</TABLE>
Impaired Loans
On January 1, 1995, Washington Mutual adopted SFAS No. 114, Accounting
by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan. It is applicable to all loans except
large groups of smaller-balance homogeneous loans that are collectively
evaluated for impairment. Loans collectively evaluated for impairment include
residential real estate and consumer loans because of the significant number of
loans, their relatively small balances and historically low level of losses. All
residential construction, commercial real estate and commercial business loans,
regardless of loan amount, are individually evaluated for impairment. Factors
involved in determining impairment include, but are not limited to, the
financial condition of the borrower, value of the underlying collateral, and
current economic conditions. SFAS No. 114 also applies to all loans that are
restructured in a troubled debt restructuring, subsequent to the adoption of
SFAS No. 114, as defined by SFAS No. 15. A troubled debt restructuring is a
restructuring in which the creditor grants a concession to the borrower that it
would not otherwise consider. At December 31, 1995, the Company had $18.2
million of restructured loans of which $8.8 million, though performing, were
considered to be impaired. Troubled debt restructurings which were not
considered to be impaired were restructured prior to 1995 and have been
performing according to the terms of the restructure.
A loan is impaired when it is probable that a creditor will be unable
to collect all amounts due according to the terms of the loan agreement. SFAS
No. 114 requires that impairment of loans be measured based on the present value
of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan's effective interest rate
or, as a practical expedient, at the loan's observable market price or the fair
value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent. Washington Mutual
bases the measurement of loan impairment on the fair value of the loan's
underlying collateral. The amount by which the recorded investment of the loan
exceeds the value of the impaired loan's collateral is included in the Company's
allocated reserve for loan losses. Any portion of an impaired loan classified as
loss under regulatory guidelines is charged off.
At December 31, 1995, loans totaling $99.7 million were impaired, of
which $67.0 million had allocated reserves of $10.9 million. The remaining $32.7
million were either nonperforming or previously written down, and have no
reserves allocated to them at this time. Of the $99.7 million of impaired loans,
$12.1 million were on nonaccrual status, $10.1 million were under foreclosure,
and $77.5 million (including $8.8 million of troubled debt restructurings) were
104
<PAGE> 114
performing but judged to be impaired. (See "Management's Discussion and Analysis
of Financial Position and Results of Operations - Asset Quality - Classified
Assets" and "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data -- Note 6: Loans.")
Impaired loans and the related allocated reserve for loan losses were
as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31, 1995
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Gross Loan Amount Net Loan Allocated
(dollars in thousands) Amount Charged-off Amount Reserves
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Nonaccrual loans:
With allocated reserves $6,511 $1,224 $5,287 $1,370
Without allocated reserves 7,616 793 6,823 --
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
14,127 2,017 12,110 1,370
Loans under foreclosure:
With allocated reserves 2,214 -- 2,214 664
Without allocated reserves 8,193 320 7,873 --
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10,407 320 10,087 664
Troubled debt restructurings:
With allocated reserves 3,446 -- 3,446 359
Without allocated reserves 5,854 516 5,338 --
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
9,300 516 8,784 359
Other impaired loans:
With allocated reserves 56,096 33 56,063 8,535
Without allocated reserves 19,246 6,600 12,646 --
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
75,342 6,633 68,709 8,535
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$109,176 $9,486 $99,690 $10,928
===================================================================================================================================
</TABLE>
PROVISION FOR LOAN LOSSES AND RESERVE FOR LOAN LOSSES
The provision for loan losses during 1995 was $11.2 million compared
with $20.4 million in 1994 and $35.2 million in 1993. The 1995 and 1994
provision reflected the Company's strong level of reserves and continued
improvement in asset quality. Given the significant decline in nonperforming
assets and continued growth of the reserve for loan losses during 1994,
management further reduced the provision for loan losses in 1995. The growth in
the provision during 1993 was determined necessary by management because of the
increase in the size of the loan portfolio and uncertainty about the economic
conditions in some lending markets as well as caution about the quality of the
loans acquired from Pacific First.
The Company's primary focus of residential, residential construction,
and consumer lending continued to demonstrate extremely high credit quality
during 1992, resulting in a low level of provision for loan losses. At year-end
1992, commercial credits, which consist primarily of high-yield bonds, declined
to $14.0 million from $22.2 million at the end of the previous year. This
decline was primarily the result of $6.6 million in sales during the year.
However, by the end of 1992 nonperforming assets in this portfolio had increased
to $8.5 million from $360,000 one year earlier. This increase in nonperforming
credits was anticipated by management and was considered in the 1991 analysis of
the reserve for loan losses. The provision for 1991 also included amounts to
provide for the growing potential exposure to loss in the California commercial
real estate market.
In determining the adequacy of the reserve for loan losses and the
related level of provision, management reviews the amount and type of loan
charge-offs. Loan charge-offs, net of recoveries for 1995 totaled $5.7 million.
This was less than the level of net charge-offs of $8.1 million in 1994 and
$20.0 million in 1993. During 1993, net charge-offs of commercial real estate
loans accounted for $12.9 million of total net charge-offs. However, with the
improved performance of the commercial real estate portfolio, recoveries
exceeded charge-offs by $427,000 in 1995 and net
105
<PAGE> 115
Changes in the reserve for loan losses were as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended December 31,
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands) 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Balance, beginning of year $132,499 $119,315 $ 58,075 $ 55,900 $ 55,946
Provision for loan losses 11,150 20,400 35,225 14,887 22,407
Reserves added through business
combinations 5,372 921 46,000 5,320 571
Reserves charged-off:
Residential (1,214) (1,604) (1,612) (1,138) (379)
Residential construction (125) (190) (297) (937) (139)
Commercial real estate (1,260) (2,353) (13,832) (15,011) (5,308)
Manufactured housing, second
mortgage and other consumer (5,378) (5,460) (2,993) (1,423) (1,610)
Commercial business (813) (2,065) (3,065) (1,321) (18,544)
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(8,790) (11,672) (21,799) (19,830) (25,980)
Reserves recovered:
Residential 171 17 45 17 36
Residential construction 47 -- -- -- 314
Commercial real estate 1,687 1,958 889 571 598
Manufactured housing, second
mortgage and other consumer 701 1,117 768 313 315
Commercial business 482 443 112 897 1,693
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3,088 3,535 1,814 1,798 2,956
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance, end of year $143,319 $132,499 $119,315 $ 58,075 $ 55,900
===================================================================================================================================
Ratio of net charge-offs during the period to
average loans outstanding during the period 0.07% 0.10% 0.22% 0.32% 0.48%
</TABLE>
As part of the process of determining the adequacy of the reserve for
loan losses, management reviews the loan portfolio for specific weaknesses. A
portion of the reserve is then allocated to reflect the loss exposure.
Residential real estate and consumer loans are not individually analyzed for
impairment and loss exposure because of the significant number of loans, their
relatively small balances and historically low level of losses. Residential
construction, commercial real estate and commercial business loans were
evaluated individually for impairment, which resulted in an allocation of $10.9
million of the reserve for loan loss at year-end 1995, compared with a high of
$28.6 million in 1992. Contributing to the decline was a reduction in the level
of allocated reserves related to commercial real estate in California. While the
quality of the California commercial real estate portfolio appears to have
improved over the past four years, reserves allocated to this portfolio still
comprised 60 percent of total allocated reserves at December 31, 1995. With the
reduction of commercial credits, reserves were last allocated to this portfolio
in 1993.
Unallocated reserves are established for loss exposure that may exist
in the remainder of the loan portfolio but has yet to be identified. In
determining the adequacy of unallocated reserves, management considers changes
in the size and composition of the loan portfolio, actual historical loan loss
experience, and current and anticipated economic conditions. Further analysis of
the reserve for loan losses during 1996 will determine if the current level of
provision for loan loss will be sustainable throughout 1996 and beyond. The high
level of unallocated reserves established during 1993 was due to the Company's
acquisition of Pacific First. The acquisition brought a significant increase in
total loans outstanding, a change in the mix of loans in the portfolio, some
uncertainty as to the long-term credit quality of acquired loan portfolios as
well as caution over future economic conditions. During 1991, primarily because
of a growing concern over the declining commercial real estate market in
California, the Company increased its level of unallocated reserves. During
1992, the losses in the California loan portfolio were identified and reserves
were allocated appropriately. This allocation is primarily responsible for the
decline in unallocated reserves at year-end 1992 to $29.5 million from $38.2
million at the end of the prior year.
106
<PAGE> 116
An analysis of the reserve for loan losses was as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31,
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands) 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Allocated reserves:
Commercial real estate $ 10,770 $ 15,594 $ 19,354 $21,746 $ 5,736
Residential construction 158 1,327 1,503 1,219 1,901
Commercial business/credits -- -- 1,718 5,597 10,064
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10,928 16,921 22,575 28,562 17,701
Unallocated reserves 132,391 115,578 96,740 29,513 38,199
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$143,319 $132,499 $119,315 $58,075 $55,900
===================================================================================================================================
Total reserve for loan losses as a percentage of:
Total loans 1.10% 1.03% 1.06% 0.83% 1.01%
Nonperforming loans 205.62 214.98 152.87 127.35 135.79
</TABLE>
INTEREST RATE RISK MANAGEMENT
Washington Mutual's banking subsidiaries traditionally have had a
mismatch between the maturities of their assets and liabilities because
customers generally prefer short-term deposits and long-term fixed-rate loans.
This mismatch is not a problem when interest rates are stable or declining.
However, with a rise in short-term interest rates, as was experienced throughout
most of 1994, the interest paid on deposits and other short-term borrowings
increases much more quickly than the interest earned on loans and investments.
The result for Washington Mutual was a reduction in its net interest spread and
the corresponding pressure on net interest income in both 1994 and 1995.
Washington Mutual engages in a comprehensive asset and liability management
program that attempts to reduce the risk of significant decreases in net
interest income caused by interest rate changes. The implementation of
strategies to reduce interest rate risk, however, generally has the negative
effect of lowering current period earnings. Management tries to balance these
two factors in administering its interest rate risk program. The Company
monitors its interest rate sensitivity and attempts to reduce the risk of a
significant decrease in net interest income caused by a change in interest
rates; nevertheless, rising interest rates or a flat yield curve adversely
affects the Company's operations.
As part of this program, management actively manages the actual asset
and liability maturities and at various times uses derivative instruments, such
as interest rate exchange agreements and interest rate cap agreements, to reduce
the negative effect that rising rates could have on net interest income.
Derivative instruments have received a lot of attention lately because of the
financial exposure they may cause if not used appropriately. Management, in
conjunction with the Company's Board of Directors, has established strict
policies and guidelines for their use. Moreover, Washington Mutual has used
these instruments for many years solely to mitigate interest rate risk. Under no
circumstances are these instruments used as techniques to generate earnings by
speculating on the movements of interest rates, nor does the Company act as a
dealer of these instruments. (See "Financial Statements and Supplementary
Data--Note 15: Interest Rate Risk Management.")
Another strategy management has used to reduce the Company's
sensitivity to rising interest rates is to securitize and then sell its
fixed-rate loan production. Toward the end of 1995, the Company sold $1,255.3
million of predominately fixed-rate mortgage-backed securities. Essentially,
these securities were replaced with the purchase of adjustable-rate securities.
Depending on market conditions at the time, management may pursue this strategy
more vigorously in 1996.
At the end of 1995, Washington Mutual's one-year gap was a negative
13.3 percent, relatively unchanged from a negative 13.7 percent at the end of
1994. The one-year gap is a conventional measure of interest sensitivity for
thrift institutions.
107
<PAGE> 117
Interest sensitivity analysis by maturity or repricing period was as
follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31, 1995
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
After one After two After five
4-12 but within but within but within After
(dollars in millions) 0-3 Months Months two years five years 10 years 10 years Total
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Interest-sensitive assets:
Cash, cash equivalents, and
trading account
securities(1) $ 564 $ -- $ -- $ -- $ -- $ -- $ 564
Available-for-sale securities(2)(5) 1,233 2,457 392 1,053 1,234 1,263 7,632
Held-to-maturity securities 1 2 1 32 66 71 173
Loans(3):
Real estate loans 1,531 2,571 1,149 2,133 1,417 1,316 10,117
Manufactured housing, second mortgage
and other consumer 425 634 495 736 332 80 2,702
Commercial credits 204 60 29 54 34 12 393
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2,160 3,265 1,673 2,923 1,783 1,408 13,212
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3,958 5,724 2,066 4,008 3,083 2,742 21,581
Interest-sensitive liabilities:
Deposits(4) 2,569 4,993 2,261 1,231 87 158 11,299
Borrowings and other liabilities 6,147 784 1,150 950 150 7 9,188
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8,716 5,777 3,411 2,181 237 165 20,487
Derivative instruments affecting
interest rate sensitivity:
Interest rate exchange agreements:
Designated against available-for-
sale securities(5) (775) 75 200 500 -- -- --
Interest rate cap agreements:
Designated against available-for-
sale securities(5) (1,975) 850 875 250 -- -- --
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(2,750) 925 1,075 750 -- -- --
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net (liability) asset sensitivity $(2,008) $ (978) $(2,420) $1,077 $2,846 $2,577 $ 1,094
===================================================================================================================================
Net (liability) asset sensitivity as a
percentage of total assets (8.96)% (4.36)% (10.79)% 4.80% 12.69% 11.50% 4.88%
</TABLE>
(1) Includes accrued interest on interest-earning assets.
(2) Excludes mark-to-market adjustment.
(3) Excludes deferred loan fees, reserve for loan losses and premium and
discount on purchased loans.
(4) Excludes premium on purchased deposits. Deposits without stated maturity are
included in the category "Due within one year."
(5) See "Investment Activities" regarding the effect of derivative instruments
on the repricing period of available-for-sale securities against which the
derivative instruments are designated.
108
<PAGE> 118
While the one-year gap helps provide some information about a
financial institution's interest sensitivity, it does not predict the trend of
future earnings. For this reason, Washington Mutual uses financial modeling to
forecast earnings under different interest rate projections. Although this
modeling is very helpful in managing interest rate risk, it does require
significant assumptions for the projection of loan prepayment rates, loan
origination volumes and liability funding sources that may prove to be
inaccurate.
LIQUIDITY
Liquidity management focuses on the need to meet both short-term
funding requirements and long-term growth objectives. The long-term growth
objectives of the Company are to attract and retain stable consumer deposit
relationships and to maintain stable sources of wholesale funds. Because the low
interest rate environment of recent years inhibited consumer deposits,
Washington Mutual has supported its growth through business combinations with
other financial institutions and by increasing its use of wholesale borrowings.
Should the Company not be able to increase deposits either internally or through
acquisitions, its ability to grow would be dependent upon, and to a certain
extent limited by, its borrowing capacity.
Washington Mutual actively manages its ability to meet short-term cash
requirements under both normal (operating) and extreme (contingent)
circumstances using guidelines established by its Board of Directors. The
operating liquidity ratio is used to ensure that normal short-term secured
borrowing capacity is sufficient to satisfy unanticipated cash needs. The
contingent liquidity ratio measures the ability to raise cash by liquidating
assets in the event of a very adverse business environment. At December 31,
1995, the Company had excess liquidity compared to its established guidelines.
To meet its immediate needs for funds as well as long-term lending
demands, Washington Mutual maintains various sources of liquid assets and
borrowing capabilities. At December 31, 1995, the Company was able to borrow an
additional $5,424.1 million through the use of collateralized borrowings using
unpledged mortgage-backed securities and other wholesale sources.
During 1995, the Company increased its balance of cash and cash
equivalents by $336.0 million. Washington Mutual's major sources of funds are
generated from the collection of loan principal and interest payments,
attracting deposits, and the use of borrowing instruments, such as securities
sold under agreements to repurchase and FHLB advances. In addition, Washington
Mutual is able to generate funds through the sale of loans and investment
securities available for sale. The Company uses these funds primarily to
originate loans and maintain its investment portfolio. (See "Consolidated
Statements of Cash Flows.")
CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS
Washington Mutual's banking subsidiaries exceeded all current
regulatory capital requirements to be classified as well-capitalized
institutions, the highest regulatory standard. In order to be categorized as a
well-capitalized institution, the FDIC requires banks it regulates to maintain a
leverage ratio, defined as Tier 1 capital divided by total regulatory assets, of
at least 5.00 percent; total capital of at least 10.00 percent of risk-weighted
assets; and Tier 1 (or core) capital of at least 6.00 percent of risk-weighted
assets. At December 31, 1995, WMB's consolidated ratio of leverage capital to
assets was 5.72 percent, the ratio of total capital to risk-weighted assets was
11.58 percent, and the ratio of core capital to risk-weighted assets was 10.70
percent.
Washington Mutual's federal savings bank subsidiary is required by the
OTS to maintain certain capital levels. In order to be classified as a
well-capitalized institution, the OTS requires banks it regulates to maintain a
leverage ratio of at least 5.00 percent; total capital of at least 10.00 percent
of risk-weighted assets; and core capital of at least 6.00
109
<PAGE> 119
percent of risk-weighted assets. At December 31, 1995, the federal banking
subsidiary was in compliance with all well-capitalized requirements.
WM Life is subject to risk-based capital requirements developed by the
NAIC. This measure uses four major categories of risk to calculate an
appropriate level of capital to support an insurance company's overall business
operations. The four risk categories are asset risk, insurance risk, interest
rate risk and business risk. At December 31, 1995, WM Life's capital was 672
percent of its required regulatory risk-based level.
(See "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data--Note 22: Regulatory
Capital Requirements.")
110
<PAGE> 120
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL POSITION AND RESULTS OF
OPERATIONS FOR SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 1996
Net income for second quarter 1996 was $61.4 million, up 28 percent
from earnings of $47.8 million during second quarter 1995. Fully diluted
earnings per share were 76 cents for second quarter 1996 compared with 60 cents
in 1995. For the six months ended June 30, 1996, net income was $120.9 million
or $1.50 per fully diluted share compared with $93.0 million or $1.18 per fully
diluted share for the first six months of 1995. For the quarter and six months
ended June 30, 1996, the Company's return on assets was 1.10 percent and 1.09
percent, respectively, compared with 0.94 percent for both periods a year
earlier.
On January 31, 1996, Washington Mutual completed the merger of Western
Bank ("Western"), a commercial bank in Oregon. At December 31, 1995, Western had
assets of $787.1 million, deposits of $709.7 million and stockholders' equity of
$68.6 million. Results from 1995 have been restated to reflect the merger with
Western, which was accounted for as a pooling-of-interests.
Lower market interest rates during second quarter 1996 helped increase
loan production for the second quarter of 1996 to $2,058.2 million compared with
$1,047.7 million for the same quarter in 1995, an increase of 96 percent. Loan
production during the quarter just ended included $457.2 million of refinancing
activity compared with $97.0 million in second quarter 1995. If a recent upward
trend in mortgage rates continues, it could make sustaining such strong growth
in loan production difficult during the last half of 1996.
During the first quarter of 1996, the Company announced the signing of
an agreement to acquire Utah Federal Savings Bank ("Utah FSB"). Utah FSB is an
Ogden-based savings bank operating five branches and three loan production
centers in Utah. At March 31, 1996, Utah FSB had assets of $124.1 million,
deposits of $110.5 million and stockholder's equity of $10.8 million. The merger
has received regulatory approval and is scheduled to be completed during the
fourth quarter of 1996, subject to the receipt of Utah FSB shareholder approval.
On July 22, 1996, the Company announced the signing of an agreement to
acquire through a stock merger Keystone Holdings, Inc. ("Keystone") and its
subsidiary, American Savings Bank ("American"). American is based in Irvine,
California and has 158 branches and 61 loan offices throughout California and
one loan office in Arizona. At June 30, 1996, Keystone had assets of $20,480.7
million and deposits of $12,729.0 million. Under the terms of the merger
agreement, Washington Mutual will issue 48 million shares of its common stock.
Of the 48 million shares, 26 million will be issued to the investors in a
partnership that owns Keystone and 14 million shares will be issued to the
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ("FDIC") as manager of the FSLIC
Resolution Fund under a separate agreement in exchange for the interest the FDIC
has maintained in a Keystone subsidiary that has owned American since its
recapitalization in 1988. The remaining 8 million shares will be issued and
placed in escrow and distributed 65 percent to the investors and 35 percent to
the FDIC, if the Company receives cash proceeds from certain litigation filed by
Keystone against the federal government, which is being assumed by Washington
Mutual in the merger. The Company expects the merger to be completed during the
fourth quarter of 1996, pending the receipt of regulatory and Washington Mutual
shareholder approval. On July 22, 1996, the Company filed with the Securities
and Exchange Commission a Current Report on Form 8-K describing the terms of the
merger in greater detail.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
NET INTEREST INCOME. The Company's net interest income was $178.1
million for the quarter and $349.1 million for the six months ended June 30,
1996 compared with $149.4 million and $298.5 million for the same periods a year
earlier. Net interest income was up 19 percent from the second quarter and 17
percent from the first six months of 1995. The 1996 increases reflected growth
in interest-earning assets and the continuing effect of low short-term interest
rates on the Company's net interest margin which was 3.35 percent for the
quarter just ended compared with 3.05 percent in second quarter 1995. (The net
interest margin measures the Company's annualized net interest income as a
percentage of interest-earning assets.)
The Company's combined yield on loans and investments decreased to 7.85
percent and 7.88 percent for the quarter and six months ended June 30, 1996
compared with 8.02 percent and 8.00 percent for the same periods in 1995,
reflecting lower interest rates than a year ago. However, because market
short-term interest rates decreased even more, the Company's cost of funds
dropped to 4.70 percent and 4.78 percent for the quarter and six months ended
June 30, 1996, from 5.17 percent and 5.09 percent for the same periods a year
ago. The net interest spread was 3.15 percent in the second quarter compared
with 2.85 percent for the same period in 1995 and it rose to 3.10
111
<PAGE> 121
percent for the first six months of 1996 from 2.91 percent a year earlier. (The
net interest spread is the difference between the Company's yield on assets and
its cost of funds.)
If short-term interest rates rise during the second half of 1996, it
will be difficult to maintain the current levels for the net interest margin,
net interest spread and net interest income.
OTHER INCOME. Other income was $36.8 million and $73.5 million for the
quarter and six months ended June 30, 1996 compared with $29.6 million and $58.4
million for the same periods in 1995.
Depositor fees for the quarter just ended were $18.9 million, an
increase of 37 percent from $13.8 million in second quarter 1995 while depositor
fees year-to-date increased to $35.7 million from $25.5 million last year. A
revised fee structure on non-sufficient funds ("nsf") and overdraft fees
combined with an aggressive marketing campaign of checking accounts resulted in
a 40 percent increase in depositor fees for the six months ended June 30, 1996
compared with the same period last year.
Loan servicing fees were $4.8 million and $8.7 million for the quarter
and six months just ended, up 52 percent and 57 percent from the same periods a
year ago. Loans serviced for others increased to $7,155.6 million at June 30,
1996 from $4,683.4 million one year earlier due to substantial securitizations
of loans throughout 1995.
Other service fees were $8.6 million and $16.6 million for the quarter
and six months ended June 30, 1996 compared with $6.8 million and $16.8 million
for the same periods last year. In 1996, fees related to security sales by the
Company's securities subsidiary were up substantially. Offseting this increase
was the loss of $3.6 million of fee income as a result of the sale of the
Company's travel agency subsidiary in March 1995.
Other operating income increased to $5.3 million for second quarter
1996 from $4.6 million a year ago but decreased 2 percent to $9.1 million for
the first six months this year. In first quarter 1995, the Company recorded $1.0
million of interest income on a tax refund.
Gains on the sale of loans were $3.0 million and $5.8 million for
second quarter and the first six months of 1996 compared with $934,000 and $1.1
million for the same periods in 1995. The higher level of gains in the periods
just ended reflected the continued sale of fixed-rate loans as the Company
restructures its asset base with the objective of reducing the effect of future
movements in interest rates. The Company offsets reductions in the value of
mortgage servicing rights against its gains on the sale of loans. No write-downs
of mortgage servicing rights were made during the first six months in either
1996 or 1995.
On January 1, 1996, the Company adopted Statement of Accounting
Standards ("SFAS") No. 122, Accounting for Mortgage Servicing Rights. The
statement eliminates the distinctions between servicing rights that are
purchased and those that are retained upon the sale or securitization of loans.
The statement requires mortgage servicers to record the servicing rights on
loans as separate assets, no matter how acquired. Banks that sell or securitize
loans and retain the servicing rights will be required to allocate the total
cost of the loans between servicing rights and principal balance.
During the first half of 1996, the Company capitalized $16.9 million of
mortgage servicing rights as a result of SFAS No. 122. Gains on the sale of
loans as a result of capitalizing mortgage servicing rights under the provisions
of this statement were $4.0 million and $4.9 million more for the quarter and
six months just ended than would have been recognized under prior accounting
policies. At June 30, 1996, the Company's balance sheet included unamortized
mortgage servicing rights valued at $16.1 million as a result of this statement.
Losses on the sale of other assets were $3.8 million and $2.3 million
for the quarter and six months ending June 30, 1996 compared with gains of
$242,000 and $66,000 for the same periods in 1995. Most of the second quarter
1996 loss resulted from securities transaction losses of $3.9 million. The
year-to-date 1996 loss consisted of a $4.1 million gain on the sale of Mutual
Travel, securities transaction losses of $6.6 million and net gains of $230,000
on the sale of other bank assets. In 1995, most of the second quarter gain of
$242,000 resulted from the sale of bank property.
OTHER EXPENSE. For the quarter, operating expenses totaled $114.7
million, an 8 percent increase from $106.3 million in the second quarter of
1995. Operating expenses for the six months ending June 30, 1996 totaled $224.8
million compared with $209.4 million during the same period in 1995.
Salaries and employee benefits were $52.6 million and $103.5 million
for the quarter and six months just ended compared with $47.0 million and $93.2
million a year ago due primarily to increases in staffing levels in commercial
banking, financial centers, lending support, and telephone banking services. The
staffing level of full-
112
<PAGE> 122
time equivalent employees was 4,932 at June 30, 1996, up from 4,742 a year
earlier. The increase in full-time equivalent employees was moderated by the
sale of the Company's item processing operation which resulted in a decrease of
98 employees and significant outsourcing in the information systems and property
management departments.
Occupancy and equipment expense increased 14 percent to $21.6 million
and 8 percent to $39.9 million for the quarter and six months just ended
compared with $19.0 million and $37.0 million a year earlier as a result of
expenses to upgrade voice and data communications and desk top technology.
Regulatory assessments were $4.2 million and $7.6 million, decreases of
34 percent and 41 percent, respectively, from last year totals of $6.4 million
and $12.7 million due to a reduction in the assessment rate on the Company's
deposits insured by the Bank Insurance Fund ("BIF"). (See Item 5, Other
Information on page 9 for a discussion of deposit assessments.)
Other operating expense for the quarter was $29.7 million, up 7 percent
from $27.6 million in second quarter 1995. For the six months ended June 30,
1996, other operating expense increased 11 percent to $60.8 million compared
with $55.0 million for the same period last year. Increases for both the quarter
and first half of 1996 were due in part to higher telecommunications expenses,
other professional fees associated with reengineering projects and
acquisition-related charges.
Amortization of goodwill and intangible assets was $7.0 million and
$13.9 million for the quarter and half year ended June 30, 1996 compared with
$7.1 million and $14.4 million from the same periods in 1995.
Real estate owned ("REO") operations, inclusive of write-downs resulted
in income of $415,000 and $905,000 for the quarter and six months ended June 30,
1996 compared with $779,000 and $2.9 million for the same periods last year. REO
operations in first quarter 1995 included a recovery on one large commercial
property.
OPERATING EFFICIENCY RATIO. The Company's operating efficiency ratio -
other expense as a percentage of net interest income plus other income - was
53.4 percent and 53.2 percent for the second quarter and six months ended June
30, 1996, respectively, compared with 59.4 percent and 58.7 percent for the same
periods in 1995. The effect of increases in other expenses during 1996 was
offset by substantial increases in net interest income and other income during
the quarter and six months just ended.
NONBANKING SUBSIDIARY OPERATIONS. Pretax operating income (net income
before amortization of goodwill and intangible assets and elimination of
intercompany transactions) for the quarter and six months ended June 30, 1996
was $5.8 million and $15.5 million, respectively, compared with $4.9 million and
$8.6 million for the same periods in 1995. The Company's insurance subsidiaries
reported pretax operating income of $3.7 million and $7.8 million for the
quarter and six months just ended compared with $3.9 million and $7.7 million a
year earlier. The securities subsidiaries had pretax operating income of $1.8
million and $3.4 million for the quarter and six months just ended compared with
$1.1 million and $1.3 million in the same periods a year ago. The increase in
operating income resulted from an increase in securities sales during 1996 and
from the fact that operating income in 1995 was reduced by a legal settlement of
$687,500. The results of operations during the first half of 1996 for other
nonbanking subsidiaries included the recognition of a deferred gain of $4.1
million on the sale of Mutual Travel in 1995. Results of operations for
nonbanking subsidiaries were as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Quarter Ended Six Months Ended
June 30, June 30,
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands)
1996 1995 1996 1995
----------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Securities:
Murphey Favre, Inc. $ 933 $ 415 $ 1,675 $ 15
Composite Research & Management Co. 853 680 1,682 1,329
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total securities 1,786 1,095 3,357 1,344
WM Life Insurance Co. 3,692 3,882 7,751 7,710
Other 304 (69) 4,422 (452)
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net income before taxes, amortization of goodwill and other
</TABLE>
113
<PAGE> 123
<TABLE>
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
intangible assets, and elimination of intercompany transactions 5,782 4,908 15,530 8,602
Amortization of goodwill and other intangible assets 1 185 104 565
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net income before taxes and elimination of intercompany transactions $5,781 $4,723 $15,426 $8,037
=======================================================================================================================
</TABLE>
FINANCIAL POSITION
ASSETS. At June 30, 1996, the Company's assets were $22,323.5 million
down slightly from $22,420.4 million at year-end 1995.
INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES. Washington Mutual's investment portfolio at June
30, 1996 was carried at $7,401.8 million, a 7 percent decrease from the year-end
1995 balance of $7,940.9 million. During the six months just ended, the Company
continued the restructuring of its investment portfolio by selling fixed-rate
securities and replacing them with adjustable-rate securities This portfolio
restructuring is intended to reduce Washington Mutual's sensitivity to future
changes in market interest rates.
At June 30, 1996, the Company's investment portfolio included $7,221.2
million in available-for-sale securities and $180.6 million in held-to-maturity
securities. Mortgage-backed securities constituted $6,343.7 million or 86
percent of the total investment portfolio at quarter end.
LOAN ORIGINATIONS. For the first six months of 1996, total lending was
$3,731.8 million compared with $1,744.2 million a year earlier. Lower market
interest rates compared to 1995 levels helped generate increases in lending
volumes in all loan categories. The Company remained the leading residential
first-mortgage lender in Washington and Oregon with residential loan
originations of $2,152.5 million during the six months just ended, more than
triple the 1995 total of $691.2 million. Originations of residential loans to
purchase homes were $1,088.6 million compared with $554.8 million a year ago,
while home loan refinancings were $1,063.9 million compared with $136.4 million
in the first six months of 1995.
Year-to-date originations of residential construction loans were $606.8
million, an increase of 43 percent from $423.3 million for the first six months
of 1995. Consumer loan originations, primarily home equity and manufactured home
loans, increased to $585.1 million for the first six months of 1996 from $466.1
million a year ago. Commercial real estate lending increased to $221.2 million
for the six months just ended from $94.2 million for the same period in 1995.
Commercial business lending for the first half of 1996 was $166.2 million, an
increase of 139 percent from $69.4 million for the first six months of 1995. The
growth in commercial business lending resulted from new loan production offices
in Washington and Oregon, an emphasis on small business lending and the
implementation of an aggressive marketing strategy.
Though loan volumes in the first six months of 1996 were greater than
1995 levels in all categories and second quarter 1996 production was 23 percent
above first quarter 1996, the rise in mortgage interest rates during the second
quarter of 1996 could slow loan originations during the second half of 1996.
DEPOSITS. Total deposits decreased to $11,026.7 million at June 30,
1996 from $11,306.4 million at December 31, 1995. Retail deposits were down
$184.8 million to $10,414.6 million. Wholesale activities predominantly time
deposits greater than $100,000 - decreased $94.9 million, ending the quarter at
$612.1 million. The Company considers wholesale deposits to be an alternative
borrowing source rather than a customer relationship and, as such, their levels
are determined by management's decisions as to the most economic funding
sources.
BORROWINGS. Washington Mutual's borrowings primarily take the form of
securities sold under agreements to repurchase and advances from the Federal
Home Loan Bank of Seattle. These two borrowing sources totaled $4,645.7 million
and $2,962.2 million at June 30, 1996 compared with $3,965.8 million and
$3,711.4 million at year-end 1995. The exact mix at any given time is dependent
upon the market pricing of the two borrowing sources.
INTEREST RATE RISK MANAGEMENT. Washington Mutual engages in a
comprehensive asset and liability management program that attempts to reduce the
risk of significant decreases in net interest income caused by interest rate
changes. One of the Company's strategies to reduce the effect of future
movements in interest rates is to increase the percentage of adjustable-rate
assets in its portfolio. A conventional measure of interest rate sensitivity for
thrift institutions is the one-year gap, which is calculated by dividing the
difference between assets maturing or repricing within one year and total
liabilities maturing or repricing within one year by total assets.
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<PAGE> 124
The Company's assets and liabilities that mature or reprice within one
year were as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
June 30, Dec. 31,
(dollars in millions) 1996 1995
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Interest-sensitive assets $10,868 $ 9,885
Interest-sensitive liabilities 15,615 14,679
Derivative instruments (1,950) (1,825)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net liability sensitivity $(2,797) $(2,969)
==================================================================================================
Net liability sensitivity as a percentage of total assets (12.5)% (13.3)%
</TABLE>
During the first half of 1996, the Company continued its efforts to
replace fixed-rate mortgages and mortgage-backed securities with adjustable-rate
instruments to moderate its interest rate risk profile. Through June 30, 1996,
the Company purchased $1.2 billion of adjustable-rate assets while selling $1.8
billion of fixed-rate assets.
ASSET QUALITY
Classified assets, which consist of nonaccrual loans, loans under
foreclosure, REO and performing loans (including substandard troubled debt
restructurings) and securities that exhibit credit quality weaknesses, were as
follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
June 30, Dec. 31,
(dollars in thousands) 1996 1995
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Nonaccrual loans and loans under foreclosure $ 76,136 $ 69,707
REO 27,072 25,064
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total nonperforming assets 103,208 94,771
Troubled debt restructurings (classified as substandard) 14,082 13,094
Other classified assets 85,139 97,946
Classified securities 27,884 37,645
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$230,313 $243,456
=============================================================================================================================
</TABLE>
Nonperforming assets increased to 0.46 percent of total assets at June
30, 1996 or $103.2 million compared with $94.8 million or 0.42 percent of total
assets at December 31, 1995.
The level of nonperforming commercial real estate loans increased to
$36.7 million at June 30, 1996 compared with $32.9 million at year-end 1995.
During the period, a medical office building in California at $4.4 million was
sold and an apartment building in Washington at $1.5 million returned to
performing status while four commercial properties - including three
retail/office properties in California totaling $8.7 million - became
nonperforming. Nonperforming assets consisted of the following:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
June 30, 1996 Dec. 31, 1995
(dollars in thousands)
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Nonperforming assets (loans and REO) by collateral type:
Residential real estate $ 50,968 $46,414
Residential construction 8,161 10,245
Apartment buildings 2,988 3,934
Other commercial real estate 33,702 28,937
Consumer and manufactured housing 11,621 10,792
Commercial business 719 824
Reserve for REO losses (4,951) (6,375)
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total $103,208 $94,771
=========================================================================================================================
Nonperforming assets as a percentage of total loans 0.75% 0.73%
Nonperforming assets as a percentage of total assets 0.46 0.42
</TABLE>
On January 1, 1995, Washington Mutual adopted SFAS No. 114, Accounting
by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan. It is applicable to all loans except:
large groups of smaller-balance homogeneous loans that are collectively
evaluated for impairment; loans measured at fair value or at the lower of cost
or fair value; leases; and
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<PAGE> 125
debt securities (as defined by SFAS No. 115, Accounting for Certain Investments
in Debt and Equity Securities). It applies to all loans that are restructured in
a troubled debt restructuring as defined by SFAS 15. A troubled debt
restructuring is a restructuring in which the creditor grants a concession to
the borrower that it would not otherwise consider. At June 30, 1996, the Company
had $19.6 million of restructured loans of which $14.1 million, though
performing, were classified substandard.
A loan is impaired when it is probable that a creditor will be unable
to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan
agreement. At June 30, 1996, loans totaling $87.4 million were impaired of which
$72.8 million had allocated reserves of $10.6 million. The remaining $14.6
million were previously written down and have no reserves allocated to them. Of
the $87.4 million of impaired loans, $10.9 million were on nonaccrual status and
$4.6 million were under foreclosure. The average balance of impaired loans
during the quarter was $88.0 million and the Company recognized $1.7 million of
related interest income. Interest income is normally recognized on an accrual
basis, however, if the impaired loan is nonperforming, interest income is then
recorded on the receipt of cash.
PROVISION FOR LOAN LOSSES AND RESERVE FOR LOAN AND REO LOSSES. The
provision for loan losses for the quarter and six months ending June 30, 1996
was $2.9 million and $5.8 million, respectively, compared with $2.9 million and
$5.7 million for the same periods in 1995, and continued to reflect the
Company's high level of reserves and asset quality. The reserve for loan losses
increased slightly to $144.2 million at June 30, 1996 from $143.3 million at
December 31, 1995. Reserves charged off, net of recoveries, totaled $4.9 million
for the first six months of 1996 compared with $2.2 million for the same period
in 1995. At June 30, 1996, the reserve for loan losses represented 1.05 percent
of outstanding loans and 189.45 percent of nonperforming loans, compared with
1.10 percent and 205.60 percent six months earlier.
As part of the process of determining the adequacy of the reserve for
loan losses, management reviews its loan portfolio for specific weaknesses. A
portion of the reserve is then allocated to reflect the loss exposure. The June
30, 1996 analysis of residential construction and commercial real estate
resulted in an allocation for impaired loans of $10.6 million of the reserve for
loan loss exposure. At December 31, 1995, the Company had allocated reserves of
$10.9 million. The remaining reserve of $133.6 million at June 30, 1996 was
unallocated and available for potential losses from any of the Company's loans.
A reserve for REO losses is maintained for any subsequent decline in
the value of foreclosed property. The reserve for REO losses was $5.0 million at
June 30, 1996, compared with $6.4 million at December 31, 1995. The level is
based upon a routine review of the REO portfolio and the strength of national
and local economies.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS
LIQUIDITY. Washington Mutual monitors its ability to meet short-term
cash requirements under both normal (operating) and extreme (contingent)
circumstances using guidelines established by its Board of Directors. The
operating liquidity ratio is used to ensure that normal short-term secured
borrowing capacity is sufficient to satisfy unanticipated cash needs. The
contingent liquidity ratio measures the ability to raise cash by liquidating
assets in the event of a very adverse business environment. At June 30, 1996,
the Company had substantial liquidity compared with its established guidelines.
It is anticipated that upon the closing of the merger with Keystone the Company
may need to obtain additional short-term financing. The Company has a variety of
sources from which it could obtain such financing, including the issuance of
additional senior notes, loans, letters of credit or other borrowings.
The FDIC uses two ratios to monitor the liquidity position of
Washington Mutual Bank ("WMB"), a subsidiary of the Company. The liquidity ratio
measures WMB's ability to use liquid assets to meet unusual cash demands. The
dependency ratio measures WMB's reliance upon potentially volatile liabilities
to fund long-term assets. WMB manages both ratios to remain within the
acceptable ranges and, at June 30, 1996, met the established FDIC guidelines.
To meet its immediate needs for funds as well as long-term lending
demands, Washington Mutual maintains various sources of liquid assets and
borrowing capabilities. At June 30, 1996, the Company's banking subsidiaries
were able to borrow an additional $7,648.8 million through the use of
collateralized borrowings using unpledged mortgage-backed securities and other
wholesale sources. The ability of the Company's banking subsidiaries to make
dividends to the Company is influenced by legal, regulatory and economic
restrictions.
Because the low interest rate environment of recent years and
competition from non-regulated activities (such as mutual funds) has inhibited
consumer deposits, Washington Mutual has supported its growth through
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<PAGE> 126
business combinations with other financial institutions and by increasing its
use of wholesale borrowings. Should the Company not be able to increase deposits
either internally or through acquisitions, its ability to grow would be
dependent upon, and to a certain extent limited by, its borrowing capacity.
CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS. At June 30, 1996, Washington Mutual's banking
subsidiaries exceeded all current regulatory capital requirements and were
classified as well capitalized institutions, the highest regulatory standard. In
order to be categorized as a well capitalized institution, the FDIC requires
banks it regulates to maintain a leverage ratio, defined as Tier 1 capital
divided by total regulatory assets, of at least 5.00 percent; total capital of
at least 10.00 percent of risk-weighted assets; and Tier 1 (or core) capital of
at least 6.00 percent of risk-weighted assets. At June 30, 1996, WMB's
(consolidated with its subsidiaries) ratio of leverage capital to assets was
5.65 percent, its ratio of total capital to risk-weighted assets was 11.06
percent, and the ratio of core capital (Tier I) to risk-weighted assets was
10.27 percent.
Washington Mutual's federal savings bank subsidiary is required by the
Office of Thrift Supervision ("OTS") to maintain certain capital levels. In
order to be classified as a well capitalized institution, the OTS requires banks
it regulates to maintain a leverage ratio of at least 5.00 percent, total
capital of a least 10.00 percent of risk-weighted assets, and core capital of at
least 6.00 percent of risk-weighted assets. At June 30, 1996, the subsidiary was
in compliance with all well capitalized requirements.
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<PAGE> 127
MANAGEMENT OF
WASHINGTON MUTUAL
PRINCIPAL OFFICERS
The following table sets forth certain information regarding the principal
officers of Washington Mutual and its operating subsidiaries:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Employee of
Company
Principal Officers Age Capacity in Which Served Since
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Kerry K. Killinger 46 Chairman of the Board of Directors, President and
Chief Executive Officer 1983
William Longbrake 53 Senior Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer 1982
Lee D. Lannoye 58 Executive Vice President 1988
Deanna W. Oppenheimer 37 Executive Vice President 1985
Craig E. Tall 50 Executive Vice President 1985
S. Liane Wilson 53 Executive Vice President 1985
Norman H. Swick 46 Senior Vice President and General Auditor 1980
Douglas G. Wisdorf 41 Senior Vice President and Controller 1976
</TABLE>
Mr. Killinger has been Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer of
WMI since its organization. He has been Chairman of the Board of Directors of
WMB since 1991 and Chief Executive Officer since 1990. Mr. Killinger became an
Executive Vice President of WMB in 1983, a Senior Executive Vice President of
WMB in 1986 and the President and a director of WMB in 1988.
Mr. Lannoye has been an Executive Vice President of WMI since its
organization. He has been an Executive Vice President of WMB since 1988 and a
member of WMB's Executive Committee since its formation in 1990. In his capacity
as Executive Vice President, Mr. Lannoye is responsible for corporate
administration and credit.
Mr. Longbrake has been Senior Executive Vice President and Chief Financial
Officer of WMI from October 1996 to the present and also served in that capacity
from 1982 to 1995. From March 1995 through September 1996, Mr. Longbrake served
as Chief Financial Officer and Deputy to the Chairman for Financial Policy for
the FDIC. He was the Chief Financial Officer of WMB from 1988 to 1995 and a
member of the WMB Executive Committee from 1990 to 1995. Mr. Longbrake became an
Executive Vice President and Treasurer of WMB in 1982 and a Senior Executive
Vice President of WMB in 1986.
Ms. Oppenheimer has been an Executive Vice President of WMI since its
organization. She has been an Executive Vice President of WMB since 1993 and a
member of the Executive Committee since its formation in 1990. In this capacity,
Ms. Oppenheimer is responsible for corporate marketing and consumer bank
distribution. She has been an officer of WMB since 1985. She became an Assistant
Vice President of WMB in 1986, a Vice President in 1987 and a Senior Vice
President in 1989.
Mr. Tall has been an Executive Vice President of WMI since its
organization. He had been an Executive Vice President of WMB since 1987 and a
member of WMB's Executive Committee since its formation in 1990. In his capacity
as Executive Vice President, Mr. Tall is responsible for corporate development
and commercial banking.
Ms. Wilson has been an Executive Vice President of WMI since its
organization. She has been an Executive Vice President of WMB since 1988 and a
member of WMB's Executive Committee since its formation in 1990. In her capacity
as Executive Vice President, Ms. Wilson is responsible for corporate operations.
Mr. Swick has been Senior Vice President and General Auditor of WMI since
its organization. He has been an officer of WMB since 1980. Mr. Swick became a
Vice President in 1984, Senior Vice President in 1988, and General Auditor of
WMB in 1989. In this capacity, he monitors WMI's internal controls and
compliance with all laws and regulations.
118
<PAGE> 128
Mr. Wisdorf has been Senior Vice President and Controller of WMI since its
organization. Mr. Wisdorf has been Senior Vice President and Controller of WMB
since 1991. In this capacity he serves as principal accounting officer of WMI.
He joined WMB in 1976 and has been an officer since 1978. Since 1986, he has
served as Vice President and Controller.
119
<PAGE> 129
DIRECTORS
The following table sets forth information regarding each director of
Washington Mutual. Except as otherwise indicated, each director has been engaged
in the principal occupation described below for at least five years.
Company Expiration of
NAME Age Director Since Term as Director
Douglas P. Beighle............ 63 1989 1997
Herbert M. Bridge............. 71 1977 1998
Roger H. Eigsti............... 53 1992 1996
John W. Ellis................. 67 1970 1996
Daniel J. Evans............... 70 1989 1998
Anne V. Farrell............... 60 1994 1998
William P. Gerberding......... 66 1979 1998
Kerry K. Killinger............ 46 1988 1997
Samuel B. McKinney............ 69 1977 1998
Michael K. Murphy............. 59 1985 1997
Louis H. Pepper............... 71 1969 1997
William G. Reed, Jr........... 57 1970 1996
James H. Stever............... 52 1991 1996
- ---------------
Mr. Beighle is a Senior Vice President of The Boeing Company. Mr.
Beighle also serves on the board of Puget Sound Power & Light Company.
Mr. Bridge is the Co-Chairman and Co-Owner of Ben Bridge Jeweler, Inc.,
a retail jewelry company.
Mr. Eigsti has served as the Chairman, President and Chief Executive
Officer of SAFECO Corporation since May 1993. Previously, he served at SAFECO
Corporation as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer from
February 1985 to May 1989, President and Chief Operating Officer from May 1989
to January 1992 and President and Chief Executive Officer from January 1992 to
May 1993.
Mr. Ellis has served as the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of
Baseball Club of Seattle, Inc. since 1992. Previously, Mr. Ellis served Puget
Sound Power & Light Company as Chairman from 1988 until 1993 and as Chief
Executive Officer from 1970 until 1993. Mr. Ellis also serves on the boards of
Associated Electric & Gas Insurance Service Ltd., SAFECO Corporation and UTILX
Corporation.
Mr. Evans is the Chairman of Daniel J. Evans Associates, consultants on
environmental issues. Mr. Evans also serves on the boards of Attachmate Inc.,
Burlington Northern Railroad Company, Flow International and The TERA Computer
Co. and is a member of the Board of Regents of the University of Washington. Mr.
Evans previously served on Washington Mutual's Board of Directors from 1977 to
1983.
Mrs. Farrell has served as the President and Chief Executive Officer of
The Seattle Foundation, a charitable and educational corporate foundation, since
1984. Mrs. Farrell is a member of the board of directors of Blue Cross of
Washington and Alaska.
Mr. Gerberding serves on the board of directors of SAFECO Corporation
and is a member of the board of directors of the Seattle Opera. Mr. Gerberding
served as President of the University of Washington from 1979 through 1995.
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<PAGE> 130
Mr. Killinger has been Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer
of Washington Mutual, Inc. since its organization. He has been Chairman of the
Board of Directors of WMSB and its successor, WMB, since 1991 and Chief
Executive Officer since 1990. Mr. Killinger became an Executive Vice President
of WMSB in 1983, a Senior Executive Vice President of WMSB in 1986 and the
President and a director of WMSB in 1988.
Dr. McKinney is the Senior Pastor of Mount Zion Baptist Church in
Seattle, Washington.
Mr. Murphy is the Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer of
CPM Development Corporation, the parent company of Central Pre-Mix Concrete
Company and Inland Asphalt Company.
Mr. Pepper is the retired Chairman, President and Chief Executive
Officer of WMSB. Mr. Pepper retired as Chairman of the Board of Directors of
WMSB on December 31, 1990, having been in that position since 1980. From 1982
until 1990, he served as President and Chief Executive Officer of WMSB. In
addition, Mr. Pepper has served as a member of the Board of Regents for
Washington State University since June 1986.
Mr. Reed is the Chairman of Simpson Investment Company, the holding
company for Simpson Paper Company and Simpson Timber Company, forest products
companies. Mr. Reed also serves on the boards of Microsoft Corporation, SAFECO
Corporation and The Seattle Times.
Mr. Stever has been the Executive Vice President-Public Policy of US
West, Inc. since January 1996. He has been the Executive Vice President--Public
Policy and Human Resources of US West, Inc. since November 1994 and was the
Executive Vice President--Public Policy from 1993 until 1994. He was
President--Public Policy of US WEST Communications, Inc. from 1990 until 1993
and was President--Business Division from 1988 until 1990.
INFORMATION REGARDING THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS AND ITS COMMITTEES
The Board of Directors of Washington Mutual has an Audit Committee, a
Compensation and Stock Option Committee, a Loan and Investment Committee and a
Planning and Nominating Committee.
The Audit Committee's function is to meet with management, the internal
auditors and the independent auditors to review and evaluate the Company's
audited financial statements, internal accounting controls and regulatory
examinations and to monitor the Company's compliance with laws, regulations and
corporate policy. The Committee currently consists of Messrs. Beighle
(Chairman), Evans, Eigsti and Reed. The Audit Committee met five times in 1995.
The Compensation and Stock Option Committee reviews and approves
compensation policies for all employees and approves the salaries, bonuses and
equity compensation of all executive and senior officers of Washington Mutual
and its subsidiaries, reviews compensation programs and practices for the Chief
Executive Officer and has overall administration of Washington Mutual's
compensation, stock option and other equity incentive plans, pension and
retirement plans and its other benefit plans and programs. The Committee
currently consists of Messrs. Ellis (Chairman), Beighle, Murphy and Stever. The
Committee met four times in 1995.
The Loan and Investment Committee has supervisory control over all
investments in and dispositions of securities and loans, all purchases of real
estate and dispositions of property of Washington Mutual. The Committee
currently consists of Messrs. Murphy (Chairman), Beighle, Eigsti, McKinney,
Pepper, Reed and Stever. The Loan and Investment Committee met eight times in
1995.
The Planning and Nominating Committee monitors Washington Mutual's
operating and financial condition, reviews and approves Washington Mutual's
strategic and operational plans and programs and assists the Board of Directors
in policy making functions. The Committee also recommends persons to fill
vacancies on the Board of Directors and reviews the structure and operation of
the Board of Directors. Pursuant to the Company's bylaws, the Committee
considers shareholder-recommended nominees for the Board of Directors, provided
that such shareholder nominations must be submitted to the Company's Secretary
not less than 90 days in advance of the mailing of the Proxy Statement as based
on the prior year's mailing date. The Committee currently consists of Messrs.
Reed (Chairman), Bridge, Ellis, Evans, Gerberding and Pepper. The Committee met
two times in 1995.
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<PAGE> 131
During 1995, the Company's Board of Directors met ten times. Each
director attended at least 75% of the total number of meetings of the Board of
Directors and Committees he or she was eligible to attend.
COMPENSATION OF DIRECTORS
Nonemployee directors are compensated for their services on the Board
of Directors and any committees on which they serve. Each nonemployee director
is paid an annual retainer fee of $20,000, plus $1,000 for each board meeting
and $500 for each committee meeting he or she attends, plus travel expenses. The
Chairman of the Audit Committee receives an additional annual fee of $3,000; the
Chairmen of the Compensation and Stock Option Committee and the Loan and
Investment Committee each receive an additional annual fee of $1,500; and the
Director Liaison to the Washington Mutual Foundation (Mrs. Farrell) receives an
additional annual fee of $2,000. In addition, each of Messrs. Beighle, Ellis and
Pepper have been designated by the Board of Directors to review on a case by
case basis with Washington Mutual's management all potential acquisitions
presented to it, and each of such directors will receive an additional fee of
$4,000 for such special assignment in 1996. Each nonemployee director also
receives an automatic annual grant of an option to purchase 1,000 shares of
Common Stock. The exercise price of the option is the fair market price of the
underlying Common Stock on the date of grant.
In addition, WMB pays Mr. Pepper $25,000 in consulting fees and $20,000
in office support pursuant to the terms of an employment and a consulting
agreement.
SUMMARY COMPENSATION TABLE
The following table and related notes set forth all compensation
received from the Company for the three fiscal years ended December 31, 1995, by
the Company's Chief Executive Officer and the four most highly paid executive
officers (other than the Chief Executive Officer) who were serving as executive
officers at the end of 1995 (collectively, the "Named Executive Officers").
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Long-Term
Annual Compensation Compensation
------------------------------------ ----------------------------
Securities
Other Restricted Underlying
Name and Annual Stock Options All Other
Principal Position Year Salary Bonus Compensation Award($)(1) Granted (#) Compensation(2)
- -------------------- ----- -------- ------- ------------- ----------- ------------- -----------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Kerry K. Killinger............. 1995 $509,545 $288,000 $ 0 $100,000 80,000 $49,201
Chairman, President and 1994 468,789 225,400 0 100,000 45,000 51,172
Chief Executive Officer 1993 430,000 230,000 0 0 48,000 45,349
Craig E. Tall.................. 1995 235,008 108,000 277 30,000 20,000 20,213
Executive Vice 1994 220,000 75,800 0 25,000 12,000 20,740
President 1993 207,000 63,100 29,848(3) 0 15,000 15,922
S. Liane Wilson................ 1995 205,008 108,000 277 20,000 15,000 16,925
Executive Vice 1994 193,626 58,200 0 20,000 10,000 17,915
President 1993 175,000 56,600 0 0 15,000 16,613
Deanna W. Oppenheimer.......... 1995 170,004 57,500 209 15,000 10,000 12,617
Executive Vice 1994 132,000 31,400 0 15,000 6,000 10,158
President 1993 120,000 29,300 0 0 9,000 8,560
Lee D. Lannoye................. 1995 155,004 42,200 0 12,500 10,000 11,649
Executive Vice 1994 150,000 38,900 0 10,000 6,000 12,840
President 1993 145,296 36,400 0 0 9,000 11,056
</TABLE>
- --------------
122
<PAGE> 132
(1) The stock awards reflected in this column were granted pursuant to
Washington Mutual's Restricted Stock Plan. Pursuant to applicable
securities regulations, the dollar value of each restricted stock award
set forth in the table is based on the fair market value of the Common
Stock on the date of grant. The restricted stock awards set forth in
this column were granted (i) on February 15, 1994, in the amounts of
4,360 shares, 1,090 shares, 436 shares, 872 shares and 654 shares and
(ii) on February 20, 1995, in the amounts of 4,938 shares, 1,482
shares, 617 shares, 988 shares and 741 shares, to Messrs. Killinger,
Tall and Lannoye and Ms. Wilson and Ms. Oppenheimer, respectively. All
such shares of restricted stock vest at a rate of 20% per year from the
date of grant. Dividends will be paid on the restricted stock during
the restricted period.
The number and value of the aggregate restricted stock holdings of each
of the Named Executive Officers, excluding shares that have vested and
including shares acquired through the reinvestment of dividends paid on
the restricted stock initially awarded, based on the value of the
Common Stock as of the close of trading on December 31, 1995, is set
forth in the table below:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Number Value at
Name of Shares December 31, 1995
---- --------- -----------------
<S> <C> <C>
Kerry K. Killinger................ 8,780 $252,432
Craig E. Tall..................... 9,662 277,777
S. Liane Wilson................... 7,166 206,023
Deanna W. Oppenheimer............. 4,923 141,548
Lee D. Lannoye.................... 6,415 184,419
</TABLE>
(2) The amounts shown in this column include the following:
(a) Profit sharing and Company matching contributions under the
Company's Retirement Savings and Investment Plan during fiscal
1995 of $9,000 for each of Messrs. Killinger, Lannoye and Tall
and Ms. Oppenheimer and Ms. Wilson.
(b) Allocations under the Company's Supplemental Employee
Retirement Plan (the "SERP") during fiscal 1995 of $40,201,
$2,649, $11,213, $3,617 and $7,925 to the account of Messrs.
Killinger, Lannoye and Tall and Ms. Oppenheimer and Ms.
Wilson, respectively. The SERP is a nonqualified plan of
deferred compensation to provide benefits that exceed certain
limits imposed by federal tax laws on benefit accruals under
the Company's Cash Balance Pension Plan and Retirement Savings
and Investment Plan.
(3) In connection with Mr. Tall's brokerage account, Murphy Favre, Inc.,
the Company's broker-dealer subsidiary ("Murphy Favre"), agreed to
provide Mr. Tall with a specified interest rate on his margin loans,
which rate is lower than that required by the third-party lender. This
arrangement resulted in interest payments by Murphy Favre of $22,728 to
the third-party lender.
GRANTS OF STOCK OPTIONS IN 1995
The following table sets forth information on stock option grants
during fiscal 1995 to the Named Executive Officers.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Potential Realizable Value at
Number of Percent of Assumed Annual Rates of
Securities Total Options Stock Price Appreciation for
Underlying Granted to Ten Year Option Term(2)
Options Employees in Exercise Price Expiration -------------------------------
Name Granted (1) Fiscal Year ($/Share) Date 5% ($) 10% ($)
- ---- ----------- ------------- -------------- ---------- ------------- -------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Kerry K. Killinger.............. 80,000 31% $20.188 2/21/2005 $1,015,690 $2,573,958
Craig E. Tall................... 20,000 20.188 2/21/2005 253,922 643,489
S. Liane Wilson................. 15,000 20.188 2/21/2005 190,442 482,617
</TABLE>
123
<PAGE> 133
<TABLE>
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Deanna W. Oppenheimer........... 10,000 4 20.188 2/21/2005 126,961 321,745
Lee D. Lannoye.................. 10,000 4 20.188 2/21/2005 126,961 321,745
</TABLE>
- ---------------
(1) Each of the options reflected in this table was granted to the
respective Named Executive Officer pursuant to Washington Mutual's 1994
Stock Option Plan. The exercise price of each option is equal to the
fair market value of Washington Mutual Common Stock on the date of
grant. The options have a 10-year term and vest over three years. The
exercise price may be paid in cash or in previously owned shares of
Washington Mutual Common Stock.
(2) These assumed rates of appreciation are provided in order to comply
with the requirements of the SEC and do not represent the Company's
expectation as to the actual rate of appreciation of the Common Stock.
These gains are based on assumed rates of annual compound stock price
appreciation of 5% and 10% from the date the options were granted over
the full option term. The actual value of the options will depend on
the performance of the Common Stock and may be greater or less than the
amounts shown.
AGGREGATED OPTION EXERCISES IN 1995 AND YEAR-END OPTION VALUES
The following table sets forth information on the exercise of stock
options during fiscal 1995 by each of the Named Executive Officers and the value
of unexercised options at December 31, 1995.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Number of Securities
Shares Underlying Unexercised Value of Unexercised
Acquired Value Options In-the-Money Options
on Exercise Realized at Fiscal Year End (#) at Fiscal Year End ($)
----------------------------- ---------------------------
Name (#) ($) Exercisable Unexercisable Exercisable Unexercisable
- ---- ------------ ------------- -------------- -------------- ------------ --------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Kerry K. Killinger................ 0 0 331,250 126,000 $5,997,545 $984,710
Craig E. Tall..................... 0 0 59,000 33,000 952,433 255,865
S. Liane Wilson................... 0 0 50,833 26,667 788,237 204,265
Deanna W. Oppenheimer............. 0 0 27,225 17,000 428,326 131,245
Lee D. Lannoye.................... 0 0 26,000 17,000 374,545 131,245
</TABLE>
CASH BALANCE PENSION PLAN
Pursuant to the terms of the Cash Balance Pension Plan (the "Pension
Plan"), participants annually receive benefit credits based upon eligible
compensation and interest credits on current and prior benefit accruals. Through
December 31, 1994, the Pension Plan annually credited each participant with 3%
of total eligible cash compensation. Beginning January 1, 1995, the crediting
rate is based on years of service with Washington Mutual. For service up to four
years, the benefit credit is 2.5%; for service from five to nine years, the
benefit credit is 3%; for 10 or more years, the benefit credit is 4%. Eligible
compensation includes base salary, incentive payments, bonuses and overtime.
Effective October 1, 1995, the Pension Plan annually credits interest on all
benefit accruals at the same rate paid on 30-year Treasury Constant Maturities
at the beginning of each Plan year. The interest credit rate for October 1, 1995
through December 31, 1995 was 7.87%. Participants may elect to receive at the
time of termination a lump sum distribution of their vested balances or an
annuitized payment from the Pension Plan's Trust Fund. The Pension Plan complies
with ERISA. In general, all employees become eligible to participate in the
Pension Plan beginning with the quarter following completion of one year of
service with Washington Mutual during which they work a minimum of 1,000 hours.
An employee's balance in the Pension Plan becomes vested at a graduated rate
after two years of service, with full vesting after five years of active
service. There are no employee contributions to the Pension Plan.
124
<PAGE> 134
The following is an estimate of annual benefits payable upon retirement
at normal retirement age to each of the Named Executive Officers under the
Pension Plan. These projections are based on an average interest crediting rate
of 6.5%.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Estimated Annual
Name Benefits at 65 yrs of age
---- -------------------------
<S> <C>
Kerry K. Killinger $47,116
Craig E. Tall 32,771
S. Liane Wilson 23,899
Deanna W. Oppenheimer 65,381
Lee D. Lannoye 9,731
</TABLE>
RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Murphy Favre has contracted with a third party to make margin accounts
available to its customers. In this contract, Murphy Favre indemnifies the third
party against any loss arising out of such margin account. Each of Messrs.
Killinger, Tall and Lannoye and Ms. Wilson has a margin account pursuant to this
arrangement.
EMPLOYMENT, TERMINATION AND CHANGE OF CONTROL AGREEMENTS
Washington Mutual has entered into an employment agreement with Mr.
Killinger for a term of one year, which term is automatically extended for one
year on January 1 of each year unless the agreement is terminated. Mr.
Killinger's agreement provides for a 1996 annual salary of $550,000. Upon
termination other than for cause or upon resignation for good cause following a
change of control, the agreement provides for a payment of three times Mr.
Killinger's total compensation for the preceding year and acceleration of all
outstanding, unvested options. In addition, Mr. Killinger entered into a
deferred bonus arrangement with Washington Mutual pursuant to which certain
deferred bonus amounts and accrued interest thereon are payable to Mr. Killinger
upon death, resignation or retirement. As of December 31, 1995, the accrued
benefits under the arrangement totaled $103,807.
Messrs. Tall and Lannoye and Ms. Oppenheimer and Ms. Wilson have
at-will employment agreements with Washington Mutual that provide for 1996
salaries in the amounts of $260,000, $175,000, $215,000 and $240,000,
respectively. In addition, upon termination or resignation for good cause within
two years of a change of control, the agreements require payment in an amount
equal to two times the respective executive's total compensation for the
preceding year and acceleration of all outstanding, unvested options.
LEGAL MATTERS
The validity of the shares of Washington Mutual Common Stock to be
issued in connection with the Merger will be passed upon by Foster Pepper &
Shefelman, counsel to Washington Mutual. As of October 28, 1996, individual
members of Foster Pepper & Shefelman owned an aggregate of 42,380.5 shares of
Washington Mutual Common Stock, 160 shares of Series C Preferred Stock and 100
shares of Series D Preferred Stock.
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS
The consolidated statements of financial position of Washington Mutual
and its subsidiaries as of December 31, 1995 and 1994, and the related
consolidated statements of income, stockholders' equity and cash flows for each
of the three years in the period ended December 31, 1995, included in Appendix G
attached to this Proxy Statement/Prospectus have been audited by Deloitte &
Touche LLP, independent auditors, as set forth in their report with respect
thereto and included in reliance upon the authority of said firm as experts in
accounting and auditing.
The consolidated balance sheets of Keystone Holdings and its
subsidiaries as of December 31, 1995 and 1994, and the related consolidated
statements of earnings, stockholder's equity and cash flows for each of the
years in the three-year period ended December 31, 1995, have been included
herein and in the Registration Statement in reliance upon the report of
KPMG Peat Marwick LLP, independent public accountants, as set forth in their
report appearing elsewhere herein, and upon the authority of said firm as
experts in accounting and auditing.
The consolidated statements of financial position of Utah Federal and
its subsidiaries as of September 30, 1995 and 1994, and the related consolidated
statements of income, stockholders' equity and cash flows for each of the three
years in the period ended September 30, 1995, have been audited by Jones, Jensen
& Company, independent auditors, as set forth in their report with respect
thereto and are included in reliance upon the authority of said firm as experts
in accounting and auditing.
It is expected that representatives of Jones, Jensen & Company will be
present at the Special Meeting to respond to appropriate questions of Utah
Federal Shareholders and to make a statement if they desire.
OTHER MATTERS
As of the date of this Proxy Statement/Prospectus, the Utah Federal
Board knows of no matters to be brought before the Special Meeting other than
those specifically listed in the Notice of Special Meeting of Utah Federal
Shareholders. However, if any other matters should properly come before the
Special Meeting, the proxy holders will vote the proxies on such matters in
accordance with the determination of the Utah Federal Board. The Utah Federal
Board urges each Utah Federal Shareholder, whether or not he or she intends to
be present at the Special Meeting, to complete, sign and return the enclosed
proxy as promptly as possible.
BY ORDER OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS
OF UTAH FEDERAL BANK
Michael R. Garrett, Chief Executive
Officer and President
Ogden, Utah
November 13, 1996
125
<PAGE> 135
AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND MANAGEMENT DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS AS OF
DECEMBER 31, 1995 RESTATED TO GIVE CONSIDERATION TO WASHINGTON MUTUAL'S
MERGER TRANSACTION WITH WESTERN BANK
126
<PAGE> 136
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of
Washington Mutual, Inc.:
We have audited the accompanying restated consolidated statements of financial
position of Washington Mutual, Inc. and subsidiaries (the Company) as of
December 31, 1995 and 1994, and the related restated consolidated statements of
income, stockholders' equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the
period ended December 31, 1995. These financial statements are the
responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an
opinion on these restated financial statements based on our audits. The restated
consolidated financial statements give retroactive effect to the merger of
Washington Mutual, Inc. and Western Bank, which has been accounted for as a
pooling of interests as described in Note 2 to the restated consolidated
financial statements.
We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing
standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material
misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting
the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes
assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.
We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the restated consolidated financial statements referred to above
present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Washington
Mutual, Inc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 1995 and 1994, and the results
of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the
period ended December 31, 1995, in conformity with generally accepted accounting
principles.
As discussed in Note 1 to the financial statements, the Company adopted
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 115, Accounting for
Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities, on January 1, 1994.
Deloitte & Touche LLP
Seattle, Washington
October 15, 1996
127
<PAGE> 137
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
As restated - See note 2
Year Ended December 31,
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands, except for per share amounts) 1995 1994 1993
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
INTEREST INCOME
Loans $ 1,094,538 $ 949,777 $ 822,874
Available-for-sale securities 294,286 151,561 1,371
Held-to-maturity securities 185,388 156,043 253,945
Cash equivalents 4,748 1,169 3,119
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total interest income 1,578,960 1,258,550 1,081,309
INTEREST EXPENSE
Deposits 498,503 370,872 354,743
Borrowings 462,221 280,999 166,007
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total interest expense 960,724 651,871 520,750
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net interest income 618,236 606,679 560,559
Provision for loan losses 11,150 20,400 35,225
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net interest income after provision for loan losses 607,086 586,279 525,334
OTHER INCOME
Depositor fees 57,491 28,474 22,317
Loan servicing fees 10,619 9,209 13,381
Other service fees 32,789 50,098 53,683
Other operating income 17,649 25,186 20,918
Gain on sale of loans, inclusive of write-downs 1,683 802 15,490
Gain on sale of other assets, inclusive of write-downs (2,357) 4,733 26,786
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total other income 117,874 118,502 152,575
OTHER EXPENSE
Salaries and employee benefits 190,183 189,281 176,384
Occupancy and equipment 72,990 67,602 60,106
Regulatory assessment fees 21,542 22,404 20,425
Data processing expense 9,419 8,085 8,859
Other operating expense 102,565 98,840 98,115
Amortization of goodwill and other intangible assets 28,306 29,076 24,690
Real estate owned ("REO") operations, inclusive of
write-downs (7,350) 12 6,295
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total other expense 417,655 415,300 394,874
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Income before income taxes, extraordinary items and
cumulative effect of change in tax accounting
method 307,305 289,481 283,035
Income Taxes 107,504 108,159 98,864
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Income before extraordinary items and cumulative
effect of change in tax accounting method 199,801 181,322 184,171
Extraordinary items, net of federal income tax effect -- -- (8,953)
Cumulative effect of change in tax accounting method -- -- 13,365
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net Income $ 199,801 $ 181,322 $ 188,583
==============================================================================================================
Net Income Attributable to Common Stock $ 181,217 $ 162,738 $ 175,025
==============================================================================================================
Per share amounts -- primary
Income before extraordinary items and cumulative
effect of change in tax accounting method $ 2.59 $ 2.45 $ 2.63
Extraordinary items, net of federal income tax effect (0.14)
Cumulative effect of change in tax accounting method 0.21
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net Income $ 2.59 $ 2.45 $ 2.70
==============================================================================================================
Per share amounts -- fully diluted
Income before extraordinary items and cumulative
effect of change in tax accounting method $ 2.51 $ 2.38 $ 2.51
Extraordinary items, net of federal income tax effect (0.13)
Cumulative effect of change in tax accounting method 0.19
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net Income $ 2.51 $ 2.38 $ 2.57
==============================================================================================================
</TABLE>
See Notes to Restated Consolidated Financial Statements
128
<PAGE> 138
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
As restated - See note 2
December 31,
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands) 1995 1994
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents $ 598,272 $ 262,256
Trading account securities 238 572
Available-for-sale securities, amortized cost $7,642,766 and $2,752,630 7,768,115 2,701,799
Held-to-maturity securities, fair value $186,521 and $2,443,557 172,786 2,646,194
Loans 13,025,567 12,841,639
Loans held for sale 9,683 3,564
REO 25,064 19,122
Premises and equipment 219,056 198,576
Goodwill and other intangible assets 161,127 190,998
Other assets 440,471 311,271
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total assets $22,420,379 $ 19,175,991
=============================================================================================================
LIABILITIES
Deposits:
Checking accounts $ 1,351,086 $ 1,256,381
Savings and money market accounts 3,968,521 3,619,364
Time certificates 5,986,829 5,557,143
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total deposits 11,306,436 10,432,888
Annuities 855,503 799,178
Federal funds purchased 430,000 --
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase 3,965,820 2,596,209
Advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank ("FHLB") 3,711,402 3,737,611
Other borrowings 225,053 79,891
Other liabilities 266,081 165,956
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total liabilities 20,760,295 17,811,733
Contingencies (Note 25)
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Preferred stock, no par value: 10,000,000 shares authorized -- 6,122,500 -- --
and 6,200,000 shares issued and outstanding
Common stock, no par value: 100,000,000 shares authorized -- 71,804,527 -- --
and 67,837,553 shares issued and outstanding
Capital surplus 722,986 692,924
Valuation reserve for available-for-sale securities 78,348 (32,088)
Retained earnings 858,750 703,422
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total stockholders' equity 1,660,084 1,364,258
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $22,420,379 $ 19,175,991
=============================================================================================================
</TABLE>
See Notes to Restated Consolidated Financial Statements
129
<PAGE> 139
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
As restated - See note 2
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Number of Shares Total
----------------------- Valuation Reserve for
Preferred Common Capital Retained AFS Stockholders'
(in thousands) Stock Stock Surplus Earnings Securities Equity
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Balance at January 1, 1993 5,494 58,896 $594,316 $450,973 $ $1,045,289
Net income -- -- -- 188,583 -- 188,583
Miscellaneous stock transactions -- 375 7,523 (7,546) -- (23)
Cash dividends declared on preferred
stock -- -- -- (13,559) -- (13,559)
Cash dividends declared on common
stock -- -- -- (30,936) -- (30,936)
Preferred stock issued 2,000 -- 48,182 -- -- 48,182
Common stock issued through stock
options and employee stock plans -- 1,151 15,508 18 -- 15,526
Conversion of preferred stock to
common stock (1,294) 5,152 -- (445) -- (445)
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at December 31, 1993 6,200 65,574 665,529 587,088 -- 1,252,617
Establishment of valuation reserve
for available-for-sale securities -- -- -- -- 13,836 13,836
Net income -- -- -- 181,322 -- 181,322
Miscellaneous stock transactions -- 383 7,762 (7,774) -- (12)
Cash dividends declared on preferred
stock -- -- -- (18,584) -- (18,584)
Cash dividends declared on common
stock -- -- -- (45,335) -- (45,335)
Adjustment in valuation reserve for
available-for-sale securities -- -- -- -- (45,924) (45,924)
Common stock issued through stock
options and employee stock plans -- 426 10,038 -- -- 10,038
Immaterial pooling -- 1,454 9,595 6,705 -- 16,300
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at December 31, 1994 6,200 67,837 692,924 703,422 (32,088) 1,364,258
Net income -- -- -- 199,801 -- 199,801
Miscellaneous stock transactions -- (1) (13) -- -- (13)
Cash dividends declared on preferred
stock -- -- -- (18,584) -- (18,584)
Cash dividends declared on common
stock -- -- -- (52,410) -- (52,410)
Adjustment in valuation reserve for
available-for-sale securities -- -- -- -- 110,436 110,436
Common stock issued through stock
options and employee stock plans -- 539 8,379 -- -- 8,379
Immaterial pooling -- 3,429 23,562 26,645 -- 50,207
Repurchase of preferred stock (78) -- (1,866) (124) -- (1,990)
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at December 31, 1995 6,122 71,804 $722,986 $858,750 $ 78,348 $1,660,084
====================================================================================================================================
</TABLE>
See Notes to Restated Consolidated Financial Statements
130
<PAGE> 140
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
As restated - See note 2
Year Ended December 31,
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands) 1995 1994 1993
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income $ 199,801 $ 181,322 $ 188,583
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating
activities:
Provision for loan losses 11,150 20,400 35,225
Cumulative effect of change in tax accounting method -- -- (13,365)
(Gain) on sale of loans (1,683) (802) (15,490)
Loss (gain) on sale of other assets 2,357 (4,733) (26,786)
REO operations, inclusive of write-downs (7,350) 12 6,295
Extraordinary loss -- -- 13,028
Depreciation and amortization 27,312 36,978 38,238
FHLB stock dividend (15,967) (16,753) (22,943)
Decrease in trading account securities 742 691 1,574
Origination of loans, held for sale (39,442) (39,835) (67,527)
Proceeds on sale of loans, held for sale 33,322 40,386 81,657
(Increase) in interest receivable (24,841) (14,249) (32,096)
Increase (decrease) in interest payable 10,475 11,761 (24,815)
Increase in income taxes payable 37,376 40,500 13,190
(Increase) decrease in other assets (46,437) 19,714 357
(Decrease) in other liabilities (8,389) (57,745) (21,267)
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net cash provided by operating activities 178,426 217,647 153,858
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Purchases of available-for-sale securities (1,662,380) (1,113,344) --
Principal payments and maturities of available-for-sale securities 370,745 357,348 --
Sales of available-for-sale securities 1,219,979 335,132 --
Purchases of held-to-maturity securities (88,249) (783,930) (1,815,544)
Principal payments and maturities of held-to-maturity securities 180,624 219,817 1,259,730
Sales of held-to-maturity securities -- -- 838,358
Sales of loans 84,197 54,754 919,768
Principal payments on loans 2,319,047 2,476,028 3,673,747
Origination and purchases of loans (4,622,696) (4,174,737) (5,849,538)
Sales of REO 22,867 34,233 52,822
Other REO operations 1,774 (1,236) (8,573)
Expenditures for premises and equipment (37,708) (38,408) (42,242)
Cash acquired through acquisitions 68,358 40,679 387,688
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net cash (used) by investing activities (2,143,442) (2,593,664) (583,784)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Increase (decrease) in deposits 461,654 259,160 (478,942)
Increase in annuities 56,325 85,795 141,955
Increase in federal funds purchased 430,000 -- --
(Decrease) increase in securities sold under short-term agreements to
repurchase (44,765) 394,547 530,393
Proceeds of securities sold under long-term agreements to
repurchase 2,275,000 288,682 914,156
Repayment of securities sold under long-term agreements to
repurchase (933,000) (260,713) (332,188)
Net increase (decrease) in FHLB advances 3,616,601 5,703,996 3,946,509
Payments for FHLB advances (3,642,575) (4,045,800) (4,241,356)
Call of subordinated capital notes -- -- (41,600)
Proceeds of other borrowings 147,867 -- --
Payments of other borrowings (1,470) (3,488) (5,536)
Issuance of preferred stock -- -- 48,182
Issuance of common stock through stock options and employee
stock plans 8,379 10,038 15,526
Other capital transactions, net (1,990) -- (445)
Cash dividends paid (70,994) (63,919) (44,495)
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net cash provided by financing activities 2,301,032 2,368,298 452,159
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Increase in cash and cash equivalents 336,016 (7,719) 22,233
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 262,256 269,975 247,742
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year $ 598,272 $ 262,256 $ 269,975
====================================================================================================================================
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES RELATED TO THE CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
NONCASH INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Loans exchanged for mortgage-backed securities $ 2,373,213 $ 174,572 $ 816,859
Implementation of new accounting standard -
reclass to available-for-sale portfolio -- 2,127,890 --
Transfer of securities to the available-for-sale portfolio 3,501,268 -- --
Real estate acquired through foreclosure 23,190 15,773 32,870
CASH PAID DURING THE YEAR FOR
Interest on deposits 496,608 369,712 378,430
Interest on borrowings 451,490 269,414 167,301
Federal Income Taxes 71,836 90,172 65,930
</TABLE>
See Notes to Restated Consolidated Financial Statements
131
<PAGE> 141
NOTE 1: SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
BASIS OF PRESENTATION
The consolidated financial statements (as restated) include the
accounts of Washington Mutual, Inc. ("WMI" and together with its subsidiaries
"Washington Mutual" or the "Company"). WMI was formed in August 1994 by the
Company's predecessor, Washington Mutual Savings Bank ("WMSB"), a Washington
state-chartered savings bank, in connection with the reorganization of WMSB into
a holding company structure. The reorganization was completed in November 1994
through the merger of WMSB into WMB, the Company's Washington state-chartered
savings bank subsidiary, with WMB as the surviving entity. WMB continued as a
wholly owned subsidiary of WMI. The par value of preferred and common stock and
capital surplus of the Company have been restated to reflect the new par value
of the holding company, effective November 1994.
Certain reclassifications have been made to the 1994 and 1993
financial statements to conform to the 1995 presentation. All significant
intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated. Results of
operations of companies acquired and accounted for as purchases are included
from the dates of acquisition. When Washington Mutual acquires a company through
a material pooling-of-interests, current and prior period financial statements
are restated to include the accounts of acquired companies.
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and
assumptions that affect amounts reported in the financial statements. Changes in
these estimates and assumptions are considered reasonably possible and may have
a material impact on the financial statements.
LINES OF BUSINESS
WMI is a Washington corporation that provides a broad range of
financial services to individuals and small businesses in Washington, Oregon,
Utah, Montana and Idaho through its subsidiary operations. The principal assets
of WMI are its principal subsidiaries, including its bank subsidiaries, WMB and
Washington Mutual Bank fsb ("WMBfsb"), and its insurance subsidiary, WM Life
Insurance Co. ("WM Life"). Financial services of the Company include the
traditional savings bank activities of accepting deposits from the general
public and making residential loans, consumer loans and limited types of
commercial real estate loans, primarily multi-family. Washington Mutual, through
other subsidiaries, also issues and markets annuity contracts and is the
investment advisor to and distributor of mutual funds.
On August 31, 1995, Washington Mutual diversified its business mix by
merging WMB with Enterprise Bank ("Enterprise"), a Seattle-area commercial bank
that focuses on small- to mid-size commercial business clients. The merger was
treated as a pooling-of-interests. Due to the immaterial nature of the
transaction, prior period information has not been restated as if the companies
had been combined.
On January 31, 1996, WMB merged with Western Bank ("Western") of Coos
Bay, Oregon. With 42 offices in 35 communities, Western is Oregon's largest
community-based commercial bank. The merger was treated as a
pooling-of-interests and, accordingly, the Company's historical financial
statements have been restated for all periods prior to the acquisition to
include the accounts and results of operations of Western.
The mergers with Enterprise and Western provide the Company with
access to the higher growth business segment of commercial banking.
DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS
The Company uses derivative instruments, such as interest rate
exchange agreements and interest rate cap agreements to reduce its exposure to
interest rate risk. Interest rate exchange agreements and interest rate cap
agreements are used only if they have the effect of changing the interest rate
characteristics of the assets or liabilities to which they are designated. Such
effect is measured through ongoing correlation tests.
Interest rate exchange agreements and interest rate cap agreements are
designated either against the available-for-sale portfolio or against short-term
borrowings and deposits. Agreements designated against available-for-sale
securities are included at their fair value in the available-for-sale portfolio.
Any mark-to-market adjustments are reported as a separate component of
stockholders' equity, net of tax. The fair value of interest rate exchange
agreements and interest rate cap agreements designated against short-term
borrowings and deposits are not reported on the balance sheet.
132
<PAGE> 142
The interest differential paid or received on interest rate exchange
agreements is recorded as an adjustment to interest income or interest expense
and classified with the interest income or interest expense of the related asset
or liability. The purchase premium of interest rate cap agreements is
capitalized and amortized on a straight-line basis and included as a component
of interest income or interest expense over the original term of the interest
rate cap agreement. No purchase premium is paid at the time an interest rate
exchange agreement is entered into.
From time to time, the Company terminates interest rate exchange
agreements and interest rate cap agreements prior to maturity. Such
circumstances arise if, in the judgment of management, such instruments no
longer cost effectively meet policy objectives. Often such instruments are
within one year of maturity. Gains and losses from terminated interest rate
exchange agreements and interest rate cap agreements are recognized, consistent
with the gain or loss on the asset or liability designated against the
agreement. When the asset or liability is not sold or paid off, the gains or
losses are deferred and amortized on a straight-line basis as additional
interest income or interest expense over the original terms of the agreements or
the remaining life of the designated asset or liability, whichever is less. When
the asset or liability is sold or paid off, the gains or losses are recognized
in the current period as an adjustment to the gain or loss recognized on the
corresponding asset or liability.
From time to time, the Company redesignates interest rate exchange
agreements and interest rate cap agreements between available-for-sale
securities and short term deposits and borrowings. Such redesignations are
treated as a sale out of the one portfolio and as a purchase by the other
portfolio and recorded at the fair value at the time of transfer.
The Company may also buy put or call options on mortgage instruments.
The purpose and criteria for the purchase of options are to manage the interest
rate risk inherent in secondary marketing activities. The cost of such options
are capitalized and amortized on a straight-line basis as a reduction of other
income over the original terms of the options. All such options are carried at
fair value with the corresponding gain or loss recognized in other income.
Additionally, the Company may write covered call options on its
available-for-sale portfolio to enhance fee income. If the option is exercised,
the option fee is an adjustment to the gain or loss on the sale of the security.
If the option is not exercised, it is recognized as fee income. Covered call
options are carried at cost.
In the event that any of the derivative instruments fail to meet the
above established criteria, they would be marked to market with the
corresponding gain or loss recognized in income.
INVESTMENT SECURITIES
Effective January 1, 1994, the Company adopted Statement of Financial
Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 115, Accounting for Certain Investments in
Debt and Equity Securities. This statement requires investment and equity
securities to be segregated into the following three categories: trading,
held-to-maturity and available-for-sale.
Trading Securities
Trading securities are purchased and held principally for the purpose
of reselling them within a short period of time. Their unrealized gains and
losses are included in earnings.
Held-To-Maturity Securities
Investments classified as held-to-maturity are accounted for at
amortized cost, but an institution must have both the positive intent and the
ability to hold those securities to maturity. There are very limited
circumstances under which securities in the held-to-maturity category can be
sold without jeopardizing the cost basis of accounting for the remainder of the
securities in this category. Recognition is provided for unrealized losses in
the debt portfolio if any market valuation differences are deemed to be other
than temporary.
Available-For-Sale Securities
Securities not classified as either trading or held-to-maturity are
considered to be available-for-sale. Gains and losses realized on the sale of
these securities are based on the specific identification method. Unrealized
gains and losses for available-for-sale securities are excluded from earnings
and reported (net of tax) as a net amount in a separate component of
stockholders' equity until realized.
The available-for-sale portfolio contains adjustable- and fixed-rate
private-issue (nonagency) mortgage-backed securities ("private-issue
securities") and collateralized mortgage obligations that expose the Company to
certain risks that are not inherent in agency securities, primarily credit risk
and liquidity
133
<PAGE> 143
risk. Because of this added risk, private-issue securities have
historically paid a greater rate of interest than agency securities, enhancing
the overall yield of the portfolio. Such securities are not guaranteed by the
U.S. government or one of its agencies because the loan size, underwriting or
underlying collateral of these securities often does not meet set industry
standards. Consequently, there is the possibility of loss of the principal
investment. For this reason, it is possible that the Company will not receive an
enhanced overall yield on the portfolio and, in fact, could incur a loss.
Additionally, the Company may not be able to sell such securities in certain
market conditions as the number of interested buyers may be limited at that
time. Furthermore, the complex structure of certain collateralized mortgage
obligations in the Company's portfolio increases the difficulty in assessing the
portfolio's risk and its fair value. Examples of some of the more complex
structures include certain collateralized mortgage obligations where the Company
holds subordinated traunches, certain collateralized mortgage obligations that
have been "resecuritized," and certain securities that contain a significant
number of jumbo, nonconforming loans. In an effort to reduce the aforementioned
risks, the Company now performs a credit review on each individual security
prior to purchase. Such a review includes consideration of the collateral
characteristics, borrower payment histories and information concerning loan
delinquencies and losses of the underlying collateral. After a security is
purchased, similar information will be monitored on a periodic basis.
Furthermore, the Company has established internal guidelines limiting the
geographic concentration of the underlying collateral.
LOANS
Loans held for investment are stated at the principal amount
outstanding, net of deferred loan fees and any discounts or premiums on
purchased loans. The deferred fees, discounts and premiums are amortized using
the interest method over the estimated life of the loan. The Company sells
residential fixed-rate loans in the secondary market. At the date of
origination, the loans so designated and meeting secondary market guidelines are
identified as held-for-sale and carried at the lower of net cost or fair value
on an aggregate basis.
Management ceases to accrue interest income on any loan that becomes
90 days or more delinquent and reserves all interest accrued up to that time.
Thereafter, interest income is accrued only if and when, in management's
opinion, projected cash proceeds are deemed sufficient to repay both principal
and interest. All loans on which interest is not being accrued are referred to
as loans on nonaccrual status.
On January 1, 1995, Washington Mutual adopted SFAS No. 114, Accounting
by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan. It is applicable to all loans except
large groups of smaller-balance homogeneous loans that are collectively
evaluated for impairment. Loans that are collectively evaluated for impairment
by Washington Mutual include residential real estate and consumer loans because
of the significant number of loans, their relatively small balances and
historically low level of losses. All residential construction, commercial real
estate and commercial business loans, regardless of the loan amount, are
individually evaluated for impairment. Factors involved in determining
impairment include, but are not limited to, the financial condition of the
borrower, value of the underlying collateral, and current economic conditions.
SFAS No. 114 also applies to all loans that are restructured in a troubled debt
restructuring, subsequent to the adoption of SFAS No. 114, as defined by SFAS
No. 15, Accounting by Debtors and Creditors for Troubled Debt Restructurings. A
troubled debt restructuring is a restructuring in which the creditor grants a
concession to the borrower that it would not otherwise consider.
A loan is impaired when it is probable that a creditor will be unable
to collect all amounts due according to the terms of the loan agreement. SFAS
No. 114 requires that the impairment of loans be measured based on the present
value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan's effective interest
rate or, as a practical expedient, at the loan's observable market price or the
fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent. Washington
Mutual bases the measurement of loan impairment on the fair value of the loan's
underlying collateral. The amount by which the recorded investment of the loan
exceeds the value of the impaired loan's collateral is included in the Company's
allocated reserve for loan losses. Any portion of an impaired loan classified as
loss under regulatory guidelines is charged off. The adoption of SFAS No. 114
had no material impact on the results of operations or financial condition of
the Company.
In May 1995, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued
SFAS No. 122, Accounting for Mortgage Servicing Rights. The statement eliminates
the distinctions between servicing rights that are purchased and those that are
retained upon the sale or securitization of loans. The statement requires
mortgage servicers to recognize the servicing rights on loans as separate
assets, no matter how acquired. Banks who sell loans and retain the servicing
rights will be required to allocate the total cost of the loans between
servicing rights and loans based on their relative fair values if their values
can be estimated. Effective January 1, 1996, the Company adopted SFAS No. 122.
The adoption did not have a material impact on the results of operations or
financial condition of the Company.
RESERVE FOR LOAN LOSSES
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<PAGE> 144
The reserve for loan losses is maintained at a level sufficient to
provide for estimated loan losses based on evaluating known and inherent risks
in the loan portfolio. The reserve is based on management's continuing analysis
of the pertinent factors underlying the quality of the loan portfolio. These
factors include changes in the size and composition of the loan portfolio,
actual loan loss experience, current and anticipated economic conditions, and
detailed analysis of individual loans and credits for which full collectibility
may not be assured. The detailed analysis includes techniques to estimate the
fair value of loan collateral and the existence of potential alternative sources
of repayment. The appropriate reserve level is estimated based upon factors and
trends identified by management at the time financial statements are prepared.
When available information confirms that specific loans or portions
thereof are uncollectible, these amounts are charged-off against the reserve for
loan losses. The existence of some or all of the following criteria will
generally confirm that a loss has been incurred: the loan is significantly
delinquent and the borrower has not evidenced the ability or intent to bring the
loan current; the Company has no recourse to the borrower, or if it does, the
borrower has insufficient assets to pay the debt; the fair value of the loan
collateral is significantly below the current loan balance, and there is little
or no near-term prospect for improvement.
Commercial real estate loans are considered by the Company to have
somewhat greater risk of uncollectibility than residential real estate loans due
to the dependency on income production or future development of the real estate.
The ultimate recovery of all loans is susceptible to future market
factors beyond the Company's control. These factors may result in losses or
recoveries differing significantly from those provided in the financial
statements.
REO
REO includes properties acquired through foreclosure that are
transferred to REO at the lower of cost or fair value, which represents the new
recorded basis of the property. Subsequently, properties are evaluated and any
additional declines in value are provided for in the REO reserve for losses. The
amount the Company will ultimately recover from REO may differ substantially
from the amount used in arriving at the net carrying value of these assets
because of future market factors beyond the Company's control or because of
changes in the Company's strategy for sale or development of the property.
Commercial REO that is managed and operated by the Company is
depreciated using the straight-line method over the property's estimated useful
life.
PREMISES AND EQUIPMENT
Land, buildings, leasehold improvements and equipment are carried at
amortized cost. Buildings and equipment are depreciated over their estimated
useful lives on the straight-line method. Leasehold improvements are amortized
over the shorter of their useful lives or lease terms.
ANNUITY AND INSURANCE ACCOUNTING
WM Life is an Arizona-domiciled life insurance company. WM Life is
authorized under state law to issue annuities in seven states. In addition, WM
Life owns Empire Life Insurance Co. ("Empire"), which is currently licensed
under state law to issue annuities in 28 states. WM Life currently issues fixed
and variable flexible premium deferred annuities, single premium fixed deferred
annuities and single premium immediate annuities. Empire currently issues fixed
flexible premium deferred annuities and single premium immediate annuities. Both
companies conduct business through licensed independent agents. The majority of
such agents are employees of affiliates of the Company and operate in the
Company's financial centers. Currently, annuities are primarily issued in
Washington and Oregon.
The Company defers certain costs, such as commissions and the expenses
of underwriting and issuing policies, that are involved in acquiring new annuity
and life insurance business. These costs, which are included in other assets in
the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Financial Position, are amortized
over the lives of the policies in relation to the estimated gross profit.
Annuities equal the policy value as defined in the policy contract as of the
balance sheet date.
FEDERAL INCOME TAXES
Income taxes are accounted for using the asset and liability method.
Under this method, a deferred tax asset or liability is determined based on the
enacted tax rates which will be in effect when the differences between the
financial statement carrying amounts and tax bases of existing assets and
liabilities are expected to be reported in the Company's income tax returns. The
deferred tax provision for the year is equal to the change in the deferred tax
liability from the beginning to the end of the year. The
135
<PAGE> 145
effect on deferred taxes of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the
period that includes the enactment date.
The Company reports income and expenses using the accrual method of
accounting and files a consolidated tax return that includes all of its
subsidiaries.
136
<PAGE> 146
NOTE 2: BUSINESS COMBINATIONS
On March 1, 1993, the Company merged with Pioneer Savings Bank
("Pioneer") of Lynnwood, Washington. Pioneer operated 17 branches and one
mortgage lending center. At February 28, 1993, Pioneer had assets of $926.5
million, deposits of $659.5 million and stockholders' equity of $114.4 million.
The Company issued 8,779,581 shares of common stock (after adjustment for the
third quarter 1993 50 percent stock dividend) to complete the merger with
Pioneer. The financial information presented in this document reflects the
pooling-of-interests method of accounting for the merger of Pioneer into the
Company. Accordingly, under generally accepted accounting principles, the assets
and liabilities of Pioneer were recorded on the books of the resulting
institution at their values as reported on the books of Pioneer immediately
prior to the consummation of the merger with Pioneer. No goodwill was created in
the merger with Pioneer. This presentation required the restatement of prior
periods as if the companies had been combined.
The following pro forma information represents the results of
operations of the Company and Pioneer for 1993, on an individual as well as
combined basis. The pro forma results do not necessarily indicate the actual
results that would have been obtained, nor are they necessarily indicative of
the future operations of the combined companies. The pro forma results of
operations were as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended December 31,
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands, except for per share amounts) 1993
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C>
Washington Mutual:
Net interest income $ 522,816
Income before extraordinary items and cumulative effect of change in tax
accounting method 173,428
Extraordinary items, net of federal income tax effect (8,953)
Cumulative effect of change in tax accounting method 13,365
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net income $ 177,840
==============================================================================================
Net income attributable to common stock $ 164,282
==============================================================================================
Per share amounts--primary
Income before extraordinary items and cumulative effect of change in tax
accounting method $ 2.78
Extraordinary items, net of federal income tax effect (0.15)
Cumulative effect of change in tax accounting method 0.23
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net income $ 2.86
==============================================================================================
Per share amounts--fully diluted
Income before extraordinary items and cumulative effect of change in tax
accounting method $ 2.63
Extraordinary items, net of federal income tax effect (0.14)
Cumulative effect of change in tax accounting method 0.21
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net income $ 2.70
==============================================================================================
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended December 31,
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands) 1993
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C>
Pioneer:
Net interest income $6,615
Income before extraordinary items and cumulative effect of change in tax
accounting method 1,836
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net income $1,836
=====================================================================================
Net income attributable to common stock $1,836
=====================================================================================
</TABLE>
137
<PAGE> 147
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands, except for per share amounts) 1993
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C>
Washington Mutual and Pioneer combined:
Net interest income $ 529,431
Income before extraordinary items and cumulative effect of
change in tax accounting method 175,264
Extraordinary items, net of federal income tax effect (8,953)
Cumulative effect of change in tax accounting method $ 13,365
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net income $ 179,676
================================================================================
Net income attributable to common stock $ 166,118
================================================================================
Per share amounts--primary
Income before extraordinary items and cumulative effect of
change in tax accounting method $ 2.74
Extraordinary items, net of federal income tax effect (0.15)
Cumulative effect of change in tax accounting method $ 0.23
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net income $ 2.82
================================================================================
Per share amounts--fully diluted
Income before extraordinary items and cumulative effect of
change in tax accounting method $ 2.60
Extraordinary items, net of federal income tax effect (0.14)
Cumulative effect of change in tax accounting method $ 0.21
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net income $ 2.67
================================================================================
</TABLE>
On April 9, 1993, the Company acquired Pacific First from RT Holdings,
Inc. ("RTH"), a subsidiary of Royal Trustco Limited of Toronto, Canada. In April
1993, Pacific First operated 129 branches and 14 home loan centers in Washington
and Oregon. At March 31, 1993, Pacific First had assets of $5,847.5 million and
deposits of $3,825.7 million.
As part of the acquisition of Pacific First, the Company negotiated
several provisions designed to reduce the effect of any Pacific First asset
quality problems on the resulting combined loan portfolio. As a result of the
provisions, RTH purchased $656.2 million book value in assets from Pacific First
prior to the sale to the Company.
As part of the purchase agreement, the Company received
indemnification from RTH for a variety of problems Pacific First had that could
result in future losses to the Company. These indemnification provisions were
secured by both specific funds held in escrow and by a guarantee from RTH's
parent company. The largest individual component is a $10.0 million general
indemnity escrow that can be drawn upon to pay a variety of claims, including
any exposure arising from transactions or acts prior to the purchase date.
The acquisition of Pacific First was treated as a purchase for
accounting purposes. Accordingly, under generally accepted accounting
principles, the assets and liabilities of Pacific First have been recorded on
the books of the Company at their respective fair market values at the time of
the consummation of the acquisition of Pacific First. Goodwill, the excess of
the purchase price over the net fair value of the assets and liabilities,
including identified intangible assets, was recorded at $178.2 million.
Amortization of goodwill over a 10-year period will result in a charge to
earnings of approximately $17.8 million per year.
The accompanying financial statements include the operations of the
two institutions from April 1, 1993 to December 31, 1993. The following pro
forma information presents the results of operations for 1993 as though the
acquisition had occurred on January 1, 1993. The pro forma results do not
necessarily indicate the actual results that would have been obtained, nor are
they necessarily indicative of the future operations of the combined companies.
The unaudited pro forma results of operations were as follows:
138
<PAGE> 148
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended December 31,
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands, except for per share amounts) 1993
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C>
Net interest income $ 571,220
Income before extraordinary items and cumulative effect of change
in tax accounting method 198,327
Extraordinary items, net of federal income tax effect (8,953)
Cumulative effect of change in tax accounting method 13,365
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net income $ 202,739
==============================================================================================
Net income attributable to common stock $ 189,181
==============================================================================================
Per share amounts--primary
Income before extraordinary items and cumulative effect of change in
tax accounting method $ 3.13
Extraordinary items, net of federal income tax effect ($ 0.15)
Cumulative effect of change in tax accounting method 0.23
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net income $ 3.21
==============================================================================================
Per share amounts--fully diluted
Income before extraordinary items and cumulative effect of change in tax
accounting method $ 2.95
Extraordinary items, net of federal income tax effect ($ 0.14)
Cumulative effect of change in tax accounting method 0.21
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net income $ 3.02
==============================================================================================
</TABLE>
On April 28, 1995, Washington Mutual merged with Olympus Capital
Corporation, of Salt Lake City, Utah ("Olympus"), the holding company of Olympus
Bank, a Federal Savings Bank ("Olympus Bank"). At the merger date, Olympus (on a
consolidated basis) had assets of $391.4 million, deposits of $278.6 million and
stockholders' equity of $37.2 million. Olympus Bank operated 11 branches in Utah
and Montana. Under the terms of the transaction, Olympus Bank merged into
WMBfsb. The merger was treated as a pooling-of-interests. Due to the immaterial
nature of the transaction, prior period information has not been restated as if
the companies had been combined.
On August 31, 1995, Washington Mutual acquired Enterprise through a
merger of Enterprise with and into WMB. Enterprise, a Washington-based
commercial bank specializing in lending to small- and mid-size businesses, had
assets of $153.8 million, deposits of $138.5 million and stockholders' equity of
$14.0 million on August 31, 1995. The merger was treated as a
pooling-of-interests. Due to the immaterial nature of the transaction, prior
period information has not been restated as if the companies had been combined.
On January 31, 1996, WMB merged with Western Bank ("Western") of Coos
Bay, Oregon. With 42 offices in 35 communities, Western is Oregon's largest
community-based commercial bank. At January 31, 1996 Western had assets of
$776.3 million, deposits of $696.4 million and stockholders' equity of $69.5
million. The Company issued 5,866,199 shares of common stock to complete the
merger with Western. The merger was treated as a pooling-of-interests. The
financial information presented in this document reflects the
pooling-of-interests method of accounting for the merger of Western into the
Company. Accordingly, under generally accepted accounting principals, the assets
and liabilities of Western were recorded on the books of the resulting
institution at their values as reported on the books of Western immediately
prior to the consummation of the merger with Western. No goodwill was created in
the merger with Western. This presentation required the restatement of prior
periods as if the companies had been combined for all years presented.
The following pro forma information represents the results of
operations of the Company and Western for 1995, 1994 and 1993 on an individual
as well as combined basis. The pro forma results do not necessarily indicate the
actual results that would have been obtained, nor are they necessarily
indicative of the future operations of the combined companies. The pro forma
results of operations were as follows:
139
<PAGE> 149
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended December 31,
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands, except for per share amounts) 1995 1994 1993
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Washington Mutual:
Total revenue $ 1,625,451 $ 1,315,651 $ 1,177,313
Income before extraordinary items and cumulative effect 190,624 172,304 175,264
of change in tax accounting method
Extraordinary items, net of federal income tax effect -- -- (8,953)
Cumulative effect of change in tax accounting method -- -- 13,365
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net income $ 190,624 $ 172,304 $ 179,676
=======================================================================================================================
Per share amounts--primary
Income before extraordinary items and cumulative
effect of change in tax accounting method $ 2.68 $ 2.54 $ 2.74
Extraordinary items, net of federal income tax effect -- -- (0.15)
Cumulative effect of change in tax accounting method -- -- 0.23
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net income $ 2.68 $ 2.54 $ 2.82
=======================================================================================================================
Per share amounts--fully diluted
Income before extraordinary items and cumulative effect
of change in tax accounting method $ 2.59 $ 2.46 $ 2.60
Extraordinary items, net of federal income tax effect -- -- (0.14)
Cumulative effect of change in tax accounting method -- -- 0.21
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net income $ 2.59 $ 2.46 $ 2.67
=======================================================================================================================
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended December 31,
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands, except for per share amounts) 1995 1994 1993
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Western:
Total revenue $71,383 $61,401 $56,571
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net Income $ 9,177 $ 9,018 $ 8,907
==============================================================================================
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended December 31,
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands, except for per share amounts) 1995 1994 1993
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Washington Mutual and Western:
Total revenue $ 1,696,834 $1,377,052 $ 1,233,884
Income before extraordinary items and cumulative effect
of change in tax accounting method 199,801 181,322 184,171
Extraordinary items, net of federal income tax effect -- -- (8,953)
Cumulative effect of change in tax accounting method -- -- 13,365
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net income $ 199,801 $ 181,322 $ 188,583
===================================================================================================================
Per share amounts - primary
Income before extraordinary items and cumulative effect $ 2.59 $ 2.45 $ 2.63
of change in tax accounting method
Extraordinary items, net of federal income tax effect -- -- (0.14)
Cumulative effect of change in tax accounting method -- -- 0.21
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net income $ 2.59 $ 2.45 $ 2.70
===================================================================================================================
Per share amounts - fully diluted
Income before extraordinary items and cumulative effect
of change in tax accounting method $ 2.51 $ 2.38 $ 2.51
Extraordinary items, net of federal income tax effect -- -- (0.13)
Cumulative effect of change in tax accounting method -- -- 0.19
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net income $ 2.51 $ 2.38 $ 2.57
===================================================================================================================
</TABLE>
140
<PAGE> 150
NOTE 3: CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
Cash and cash equivalents consisted of the following:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31,
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands) 1995 1994
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Cash and demand deposits $303,697 $260,780
Cash Equivalents:
Overnight Investments 293,000 --
Time Deposits 1,575 1,476
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
294,575 1,476
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$598,272 $262,256
================================================================================
</TABLE>
For the purpose of reporting cash flows, cash and cash equivalents
include cash on hand, amounts due from banks, overnight investments and time
deposits. Generally, time deposits are short term.
Federal Reserve Board regulations require depository institutions to
maintain certain minimum reserve balances. Included in cash and demand deposits
were required deposits at the Federal Reserve of $53.6 million and $44.3 million
at December 31, 1995 and 1994.
NOTE 4: AVAILABLE-FOR-SALE SECURITIES
Available-for-sale securities classified by type and contractual
maturity date consisted of the following:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31, 1995
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands) Amortized Unrealized Unrealized Fair Value Yield
Cost Gains Losses (1)
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Investment securities:
U.S. government and agency obligations
Due within one year $ 65,120 $ -- $ (64) $ 65,056 4.72 %
Due after one but within five years 19,865 119 (29) 19,955 5.78
After five but within 10 years 9,755 41 (125) 9,671 7.23
After 10 years 59,813 121 (770) 59,164 7.02
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
154,553 281 (988) 153,846 5.90
Corporate debt obligations:
Due within one year 1,502 10 -- 1,512 8.27
Due after one but within five years 136,447 7,492 (205) 143,734 8.70
After five but within 10 years 181,038 8,237 (819) 188,456 7.02
After 10 years 97,755 6,626 (98) 104,283 7.50
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
416,742 22,365 (1,122) 437,985 7.69
Equity Securities
Preferred stock 110,532 2,535 (2,311) 110,756 7.21
FHLB stock 254,440 -- -- 254,440 6.91
Other stock 5 3 -- 8 --
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
364,977 2,538 (2,311) 365,204 7.00
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
936,272 25,184 (4,421) 957,035 7.14
Mortgage-backed securities
U.S. government agency:
Due within one year 5 -- -- 5 9.23
Due after one but within five years 13,979 -- (130) 13,849 5.47
After five but within 10 years 9,479 24 (57) 9,446 6.44
After 10 years 5,923,040 141,777 (19,214) 6,045,603 6.91
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5,946,503 141,801 (19,401) 6,068,903 6.91
Corporate:
Due after five but within 10 years 18,614 901 (258) 19,257 7.14
After 10 years 730,279 7,482 (12,409) 725,352 7.74
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
748,893 8,383 (12,667) 744,609 7.72
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6,695,396 150,184 (32,068) 6,813,512 7.00
Derivative instruments:
Interest rate exchange agreements (848) 2,225 (13,224) (11,847) --
Interest rate cap agreements 11,946 -- (2,531) 9,415 --
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
11,098 2,225 (15,755) (2,432) --
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$ 7,642,766 $ 177,593 $ (52,244) $ 7,768,115 7.02 %
==================================================================================================================================
</TABLE>
141
<PAGE> 151
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31, 1994
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands) Amortized Unrealized Unrealized Fair Value Yield
Cost Gains Losses (1)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Investment securities:
U.S. government and agency obligations
Due within one year $ 66,937 $ -- $ (887) $ 66,050 4.17 %
Due after one but within five years 292,869 7 (15,281) 277,595 5.52
After five but within 10 years 9,469 -- (254) 9,215 6.08
After 10 years 70,340 -- (2,316) 68,024 5.97
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
439,615 7 (18,738) 420,884 5.39
Corporate debt obligations:
Due after one but within five years 83,255 231 (2,232) 81,254 6.71
After five but within 10 years 50,609 296 (2,980) 47,925 7.50
After 10 years 6,502 23 (644) 5,881 7.65
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
140,366 550 (5,856) 135,060 7.03
Equity Securities
Preferred stock 35,457 -- (1,790) 33,667 9.95
FHLB stock 230,311 -- -- 230,311 6.00
Other stock 1,032 -- -- 1,032 --
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
266,800 -- (1,790) 265,010 6.48
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
846,781 557 (26,384) 820,954 6.01
Mortgage-backed securities
U.S. government agency:
Due after one but within five years 52,036 -- (4,191) 47,845 5.18
After five but within 10 years 6,152 9 (2) 6,159 7.78
After 10 years 1,475,882 1,272 (60,088) 1,417,066 6.51
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1,534,070 1,281 (64,281) 1,471,070 6.47
Corporate:
Due after five but within 10 years 9,716 -- (280) 9,436 5.46
After 10 years 355,657 511 (16,173) 339,995 6.14
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
365,373 511 (16,453) 349,431 6.12
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1,899,443 1,792 (80,734) 1,820,501 6.40
Derivative instruments:
Interest rate exchange agreements (2,360) 21,014 -- 18,654 --
Interest rate cap agreements 8,766 32,924 -- 41,690 --
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6,406 53,938 -- 60,344 --
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$ 2,752,630 $ 56,287 $ (107,118) $2,701,799 6.14 %
================================================================================================================================
</TABLE>
(1) Weighted average yield at end of year.
142
<PAGE> 152
Proceeds from sales of investment securities in the available-for-sale
portfolio during 1995 and 1994 were $332.0 million and $73.4 million. The
Company realized $2.6 million in gains and $2.1 million in losses on these sales
during 1995. Similarly, the Company realized $770,000 in gains and $100,000 in
losses on sales during 1994. Proceeds from sales of mortgage-backed securities
in the available-for-sale portfolio during 1995 and 1994 were $888.0 million and
$261.7 million. The Company realized $12.3 million in gains and $16.0 million in
losses on these sales during 1995 and $3.6 million in gains and $469,000 in
losses on these sales during 1994.
Available-for-sale mortgage-backed securities with a book value of
$4,545.0 million and $1,644.0 million and a market value of $4,642.0 million and
$1,573.4 million at December 31, 1995 and 1994, were pledged to secure public
deposits, securities sold under agreements to repurchase, other borrowings,
interest rate exchange agreements and access to the Federal Reserve discount
window.
There were no sales out of the held-to-maturity portfolio during 1995
and 1994. During 1995, FASB issued a report entitled A Guide to Implementation
of Statement 115 on Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity
Securities, Questions and Answers that allowed companies a one-time reassessment
and related reclassification from the held-to-maturity category to the
available-for-sale category without adverse accounting consequences for the
remainder of the portfolio. On December 1, 1995, Washington Mutual elected to
take advantage of this opportunity and reclassified held to maturity securities
with a book value of $3,501.2 million and gross unrealized gains of $53.7
million and gross unrealized losses of $24.1 million. No transfers between the
held-to-maturity and available-for-sale categories were made during 1994.
At December 31, 1995, net unrealized gains on the available-for-sale
portfolio were $138.8 million and unrealized losses on the derivative
instruments designated against this portfolio were $13.5 million, resulting in a
combined net unrealized gain included as a separate component of stockholders'
equity (on an after-tax basis) of $78.3 million. At December 31, 1994, net
unrealized losses on the available-for-sale portfolio were $104.7 million and
unrealized gains on the derivative instruments designated against this portfolio
were $53.9 million, resulting in a combined net unrealized loss included as a
separate component of stockholders' equity (on an after-tax basis) of $32.1
million.
On December 31, 1995, the Company held $744.6 million of private-issue
securities. Of that amount, 14 percent were of the highest investment grade
(AAA), 66 percent were rated investment grade (AA or A), 13 percent were rated
lowest investment grade (BBB) and 7 percent were rated below investment grade
(BB or below). During 1995, the Company realized $8.4 million in losses on
securities in the below investment grade portfolio.
As of December 31, 1995, the Company had mortgage-backed securities in
excess of 10% of stockholders' equity, with book value and market value of
$168.0 million from a single issuer, the Resolution Trust Corporation.
NOTE 5: HELD-TO-MATURITY SECURITIES
Held-to-maturity securities classified by type and contractual
maturity date consisted of the following:
143
<PAGE> 153
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31, 1995
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands) Amortized Unrealized Unrealized Fair Value Yield
Cost Gains Losses (1)
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Investment securities:
U.S. government and agency obligations
After five but within 10 years $ 6,592 $ 906 $ -- $ 7,498 8.09%
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6,592 906 -- 7,498 8.09
Corporate debt obligations:
Due within one year 2,034 -- (7) 2,027 4.73
Due after one but within five years 31,123 2,895 -- 34,018 8.67
After five but within 10 years 22,536 2,472 -- 25,008 8.38
After 10 years 17,162 2,310 (9) 19,463 8.91
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
72,855 7,677 (16) 80,516 8.54
Municipal Obligations:
Due within one year 1,090 1 -- 1,091 6.85
Due after one but within five years 1,658 89 -- 1,747 7.44
After five but within 10 years 36,202 2,083 -- 38,285 6.88
After 10 years 53,371 2,908 -- 56,279 6.37
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
92,321 5,081 -- 97,402 6.59
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
171,768 13,664 (16) 185,416 7.50
Mortgage-backed securities
U.S. government agency:
After 10 years 1,018 87 -- 1,105 10.25
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1,018 87 -- 1,105 10.25
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$172,786 $ 13,751 $ (16) $186,521 7.52%
=======================================================================================================================
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31, 1994
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands) Amortized Unrealized Unrealized Fair Value Yield
Cost Gains Losses (1)
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Investment securities:
U.S. government and agency obligations
Due within one year $ 191 $ -- $ (2) $ 189 6.10 %
Due after one but within five years 23,972 1 (478) 23,495 6.81
After five but within 10 years 8,557 -- (61) 8,496 7.75
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
32,720 1 (541) 32,180 7.06
Corporate debt obligations:
Due within one year 6,202 14 (75) 6,141 5.39
Due after one but within five years 95,607 1,914 (3,644) 93,877 8.00
After five but within 10 years 172,708 727 (13,781) 159,654 7.24
After 10 years 95,857 493 (8,831) 87,519 7.80
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
370,374 3,148 (26,331) 347,191 7.55
Municipal Obligations:
Due within one year 806 3 -- 809 8.33
Due after one but within five years 1,662 7 (14) 1,655 7.15
After five but within 10 years 26,968 812 (636) 27,144 6.51
After 10 years 51,326 1,867 (753) 52,440 6.88
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
80,762 2,689 (1,403) 82,048 6.78
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
483,856 5,838 (28,275) 461,419 7.38
Mortgage-backed securities
U.S. government agency:
Due within one year 4 -- -- 4 6.72
After five but within 10 years 12,296 -- (1,019) 11,277 6.13
After 10 years 2,031,920 38 (175,624) 1,856,334 7.15
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2,044,220 38 (176,643) 1,867,615 7.14
Corporate:
Due within one year 15 -- -- 15 9.23
Due after one but within five years 51 2 (1) 52 10.44
Due after five but within 10 years 548 13 -- 561 11.06
After 10 years 117,504 252 (3,861) 113,895 7.04
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
118,118 267 (3,862) 114,523 7.06
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2,162,338 305 (180,505) 1,982,138 7.14
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$2,646,194 $6,143 $ (208,780) $2,443,557 7.18%
=============================================================================================================================
</TABLE>
(1) Weighted average yield at end of year.
144
<PAGE> 154
No held-to-maturity securities were pledged as collateral as of
December 31, 1995. Held-to-maturity mortgage-backed securities with a book value
of $1,995.6 million and a market value of $1,828.0 million at December 31, 1994
were pledged to secure public deposits, securities sold under agreements to
repurchase, other borrowings, interest rate exchange agreements and access to
the Federal Reserve discount window.
NOTE 6: LOANS
Loans and loans held for sale consisted of the following:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31,
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands) 1995 1994
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Real Estate
Residential $7,861,990 $8,100,930
Residential construction 615,814 549,271
Commercial real estate 1,867,347 1,805,951
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10,345,151 10,456,152
Second mortgage and other consumer 1,886,133 1,745,897
Manufactured housing 767,717 646,605
Commercial business 179,568 129,048
Reserve for loan losses (143,319) (132,499)
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$13,035,250 $12,845,203
================================================================================================
</TABLE>
Included in the table above are loans held-for-sale of $9.7 million
and $3.6 million at December 31, 1995 and 1994.
Nonaccrual loans totaled $44.8 million and $33.5 million at December
31, 1995 and 1994. If interest on these loans had been recognized, such income
would have been $3.7 million and $2.8 million for 1995 and 1994. Loans under
foreclosure were $24.9 million and $28.1 million at December 31, 1995 and 1994.
In addition, at December 31, 1995 and 1994, the Company had troubled debt
restructurings aggregating $18.2 million and $10.3 million. During 1995 and
1994, these troubled debt restructurings returned a net yield of 8.69 percent
and 8.53 percent, thereby contributing $1.6 million and $878,000 to interest
income. Had these loans not been restructured and interest accrued at their
original rates, the additional interest income would have been $82,000 and
$93,000 for 1995 and 1994.
At December 31, 1995, loans totaling $99.7 million were impaired of
which $67.0 million had allocated reserves of $10.9 million. The remaining $32.7
million were either nonperforming or previously written down, and had no
reserves allocated to them. Of the $99.7 million of impaired loans, $12.1
million were on nonaccrual status, $10.1 million were under foreclosure and
$77.5 million (including $8.8 million of troubled debt restructurings) were
performing but judged to be impaired. The average balance of impaired loans
during the year was $108.6 million and the Company recognized $7.7 million of
related interest income. Interest income on impaired loans is normally
recognized on the accrual basis, unless the loan is more than 90 days delinquent
or under foreclosure in which case interest income is recorded on the
145
<PAGE> 155
cash basis. An immaterial amount of interest income was recorded on the cash
basis during 1995.
Loans and loans held-for-sale, exclusive of reserve for loan losses,
by geographic concentration were as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31, 1995
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands) Washington Oregon California Utah Other States Total
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Real estate:
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Residential $5,668,638 $1,450,311 $296,816 $107,423 $338,802 $ 7,861,990
Residential construction 345,163 224,117 - 23,321 23,213 615,814
Apartment buildings 591,764 201,452 61,817 30,889 52,611 938,533
Other commercial real estate 425,240 264,235 143,319 37,595 58,425 928,814
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
7,030,805 2,140,115 501,952 199,228 473,051 10,345,151
Second mortgage and other consumer 1,519,796 344,708 229 10,749 10,651 1,886,133
Manufactured housing 567,012 166,322 - 7,317 27,066 767,717
Commercial business 57,882 121,519 - - 167 179,568
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$9,175,495 $2,772,664 $502,181 $217,294 $510,935 $13,178,569
=================================================================================================================================
</TABLE>
Loans and loans held-for-sale, exclusive of reserve for loan losses,
deferred loan fees and premiums and discounts, by maturity or repricing date
were as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
<S> <C>
(dollars in thousands) December 31, 1995
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Adjustable rate loans:
Due within one year $3,751,568
After one but within five years 1,841,414
After five but within 10 years 90,925
After 10 years 21,853
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5,705,760
Fixed rate loans:
Due within one year 386,049
After one but within five years 1,283,863
After five but within 10 years 1,626,446
After 10 years 4,209,852
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
7,506,210
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$13,211,970
===============================================================================
</TABLE>
In addition to loans the Company serviced for its own portfolio, it
serviced loans of $5,216.4 million and $4,015.4 million at December 31, 1995 and
1994 for U.S. government agencies, institutions and private investors.
Unamortized deferred loan fees, which are netted in the loan balances
above, were $74.6 million and $94.4 million at December 31, 1995 and 1994.
At December 31, 1995, the Company had $591.2 million in fixed-rate
mortgage loan commitments, $369.2 million in adjustable-rate mortgage loan
commitments, $72.0 million in commercial business loan commitments and $576.5
million in undisbursed lines of credit.
It is the policy of Washington Mutual to not grant loans to employees
who hold the position of Senior Vice President or above.
146
<PAGE> 156
NOTE 7: RESERVE FOR LOAN LOSSES
Changes in the reserve for loan losses were as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended December 31,
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands) 1995 1994 1993
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Balance, beginning of year $ 132,499 $119,315 $58,075
Provision for loan losses 11,150 20,400 35,225
Reserves added through business combinations 5,372 921 46,000
Reserves charged off:
Residential (1,214) (1,604) (1,612)
Residential construction (125) (190) (297)
Commercial real estate (1,260) (2,353) (13,832)
Manufactured housing, second mortgage and other consumer (5,378) (5,460) (2,993)
Commercial business (813) (2,065) (3,065)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(8,790) (11,672) (21,799)
Reserves recovered:
Residential 171 17 45
Residential construction 47 -- --
Commercial real estate 1,687 1,958 889
Manufactured housing, second mortgage and other consumer 701 1,117 768
Commercial business 482 443 112
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3,088 3,535 1,814
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance, end of year $ 143,319 $132,499 $119,315
==============================================================================================================
</TABLE>
As part of the ongoing process to determine the adequacy of the
reserve for loan losses, the Company reviews the components of its loan
portfolio for specific risk of principal loss. Reserves are then allocated for
impaired loans. An analysis of the reserve for loan losses was as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31,
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands) 1995 1994
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Allocated reserves:
Commercial real estate $ 10,770 $ 15,594
Residential construction 158 1,327
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10,928 16,921
Unallocated reserves 132,391 115,578
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$143,319 $132,499
============================================================================================================
Total reserve for loan losses as a percentage of:
Total loans 1.10% 1.03%
Nonperforming loans 205.62 214.98
</TABLE>
NOTE 8: REO
REO consisted of the following:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31,
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands) 1995 1994
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Real estate acquired through forclosure $30,421 $24,648
Other repossessed assets 1,018 979
Reserve for losses (6,375) (6,505)
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$25,064 $19,122
=====================================================================================================
</TABLE>
147
<PAGE> 157
Changes in the REO reserve for losses were as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended December 31
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands) 1995 1994 1993
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Balance, beginning of year $6,505 $5,475 $ 11,239
Provision for REO losses - 100 7,300
Reserves charged-off, net of recoveries (130) 930 (13,064)
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance, end of year $6,375 $6,505 $ 5,475
=============================================================================
</TABLE>
REO operations, inclusive of write-downs were as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended December 31
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands) 1995 1994 1993
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Income from operations $2,343 $ 88 $ 665
Gain on Sale of REO 5,007 - 340
Provision for REO losses - (100) (7,300)
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
$7,350 $ (12) $(6,295)
=============================================================================
</TABLE>
NOTE 9: PREMISES AND EQUIPMENT
Premises and equipment consisted of the following:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31,
- --------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollar in thousands) 1995 1994
- --------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Furniture and Equipment $ 143,910 $ 141,311
Buildings 116,934 89,978
Leasehold Improvements 32,931 35,280
- --------------------------------------------------------------------
293,775 266,569
Accumulated Depreciation (112,594) (105,355)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------
181,181 161,214
Land 37,875 37,362
- --------------------------------------------------------------------
$ 219,056 $ 198,576
====================================================================
</TABLE>
Depreciation expense for 1995, 1994 and 1993 was $24.0 million, $20.9
million and $15.2 million.
The Company has noncancelable operating leases for financial centers,
office facilities and equipment. Rental expense, including amounts paid under
month-to-month cancelable leases, amounted to $27.5 million for 1995 and $25.9
million in both 1994 and 1993.
Future minimum net rental commitments, including maintenance and other
associated costs, for all noncancelable leases were as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31, 1995
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands) Land & Furniture &
Buildings Equipment
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Commitments:
Due within one year $ 20,676 $3,882
After one but within two years 19,796 2,822
After two but within three years 18,453 1,630
After three but within four years 17,476 652
After four but within five years 16,671 -
After five years 61,896 -
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------
$154,968 $8,986
=======================================================================
</TABLE>
148
<PAGE> 158
In March 1995, the FASB issued SFAS No. 121, Accounting for the
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and for Long-Lived Assets to Be Disposed Of. The
statement establishes accounting standards for the impairment of long-lived
assets that either will be held and used in operations or that will be disposed
of. Effective January 1, 1996, the Company adopted SFAS No. 121. The adoption
hass not had a material impact on the results of operations or financial
condition of the Company.
NOTE 10: GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS
Goodwill and other intangible assets consisted of the following:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31,
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands) 1995 1994
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Washington Mutual Bank, net of amortization of $98,654 and $71,366 $159,259 $186,547
Murphey Favre and Composite Research & Management Co., net of - -
amortization of $9,389 and $8,653 1,468 2,203
Mutual Travel, Inc., net of amortization of $3,136 - 1,799
Other, net of amortization of $85 and $36 400 449
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$161,127 $190,998
==============================================================================================
</TABLE>
Goodwill and other intangible assets result from business combinations
accounted for as a purchase of assets and an assumption of liabilities. Other
intangible assets primarily consist of core deposit intangibles and
covenants-not-to-compete resulting from acquisitions of thrift branch systems.
Goodwill and other intangible assets are amortized using the straight-line
method over the period that is expected to be benefited, which ranges from three
to 10 years. The average remaining amortization period at December 31, 1995 was
approximately six years. The Company periodically evaluates goodwill and other
intangible assets for impairment. The level of goodwill and other intangible
assets at December 31, 1995 was supported by the value attributed to the retail
operations of acquired financial institutions.
During 1993, the acquisition of Pacific First Bank ("Pacific First")
was accounted for as a purchase of assets and assumption of liabilities and
increased goodwill and other intangible assets by $178.2 million.
NOTE 11: DEPOSITS
Deposits consisted of the following:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31,
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands) 1995 1994
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Checking Accounts:
Interest Bearing $ 794,014 $ 798,465
Noninterest Bearing 557,072 457,916
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------
1,351,086 1,256,381
Savings accounts 962,399 1,179,447
Money market accounts 3,006,122 2,439,917
Time deposit accounts
Due within one year 4,700,530 3,998,652
After one but within two years 605,791 765,881
After two but within three years 246,113 313,109
After three but within four years 178,983 197,277
After four but within five years 165,617 222,138
After five years 89,795 60,086
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------
5,986,829 5,557,143
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------
$11,306,436 $10,432,888
==========================================================================
</TABLE>
149
<PAGE> 159
Time certificates of deposit in amounts of $100,000 or more totaled
$1,321.7 million and $1,203.8 million at December 31, 1995 and 1994. At December
31, 1995, $484.9 million of these deposits mature within three months, $313.6
million mature in three months to six months, $269.3 million mature in six
months to one year, and $253.9 million mature after one year.
Financial data pertaining to the weighted average cost of deposits
were as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended December 31,
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1995 1994 1993
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Weighted daily average interest rate during the year 4.55% 3.76% 3.85%
</TABLE>
NOTE 12: FEDERAL FUNDS PURCHASED
The Company purchased federal funds from a variety of counterparties
during 1995. All federal funds purchased had maturities of thirty days or less,
with the majority having maturities of one day. As of December 31, 1995, the
balance of federal funds purchased was $430.0 million.
Financial data pertaining to the weighted average cost, the level of
federal funds purchased, and the related interest expense were as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended December 31,
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands) 1995 1994 1993
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Weighted average interest rate at end of year 5.83% - -
Weighted daily average interest rate during the year 5.84 - -
Daily average balance of federal funds purchased $264,888 - -
Maximum amount of federal funds purchased at any month end 998,000
Interest expense during the year 15,460 - -
</TABLE>
NOTE 13: SECURITIES SOLD UNDER AGREEMENTS TO REPURCHASE
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase consisted of the
following:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31,
- --------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands) 1995 1994
- --------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Reverse repurchase agreements $3,579,820 $2,077,209
Dollar repurchase agreements 386,000 519,000
- --------------------------------------------------------------------
$3,965,820 $2,596,209
====================================================================
</TABLE>
The Company sold, under agreements to repurchase, specific securities
of the U.S. government and its agencies and other approved investments to
broker-dealers and customers. The securities underlying the agreements with
broker-dealers were delivered to the dealer who arranged the transaction or were
held by a safekeeping agent for the Company's account. Securities delivered to
broker-dealers may be loaned out in the ordinary course of operations. The
securities underlying the agreements with customers were held in a segregated
account by a safekeeping agent for the Company.
150
<PAGE> 160
Scheduled maturities or repricing of securities sold under agreements
to repurchase were as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31,
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands) 1995 1994
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase:
Due within 30 days $2,676,777 $1,707,251
After 30 but within 90 days 397,178 -
After 90 but within 180 days 392,361 394,123
After 180 but within one year - 244,360
After one year 499,504 250,475
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$3,965,820 $2,596,209
===============================================================================
</TABLE>
Financial data pertaining to the weighted average cost, the level of
securities sold under agreements to repurchase and the related interest expense
were as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended December 31,
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands) 1995 1994 1993
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Weighted average interest rate at end of year 5.68% 5.64% 3.49%
Weighted daily average interest rate during the year 5.91 4.47 3.84
Daily average of securities sold under agreements to
repurchase $3,754,921 $2,206,363 $1,526,208
Maximum securities sold under agreements to repurchase
at any month end 4,545,140 2,676,447 2,173,693
Interest expense during the year
221,735 98,568 58,614
</TABLE>
NOTE 14: ADVANCES FROM THE FHLB
As members of the FHLB, WMB, WM Life and WMBfsb maintain credit lines
that are percentages of their total regulatory assets, subject to
collateralization requirements. At December 31, 1995, the credit lines were 17
percent, 19 percent and 45 percent of regulatory assets for WMB, WM Life and
WMBfsb. Advances are collateralized in aggregate, as provided for in the
Advances, Security and Deposit Agreements with the FHLB, by all FHLB stock
owned, by deposits with the FHLB, and by certain mortgages or deeds of trust and
securities of the U.S. government and agencies thereof.
Scheduled maturities of advances from the FHLB were as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31,
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1995 1994
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands) Amount Ranges of Amount Ranges of
Interest Rates Interest Rates
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
FHLB advances:
Due within one year $1,896,718 4.74%-8.35% $1,456,133 3.95%- 7.89%
After one but within two years 1,321,000 4.38 - 8.45 1,369,852 4.74 - 5.78
After two but within three years 457,000 5.71 - 8.50 774,478 4.38 - 5.60
After three but within four years 7,000 8.50 - 8.50 57,575 5.95 - 5.99
After four but within five years 5,137 6.25 - 6.89 60,403 6.19 - 6.28
After five years 24,547 2.80 - 8.65 19,170 4.50 - 8.65
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$3,711,402 $3,737,611
======================================================================================================
</TABLE>
Financial data pertaining to the weighted average cost, the level of
FHLB advances and the related interest expense were as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended December 31,
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands) 1995 1994 1993
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Weighted average interest rate at end of year 5.64% 5.66% 3.82%
Weighted daily average interest rate during the year 5.63% 4.80% 4.19%
Daily average of FHLB advances $3,046,722 $3,002,174 $1,573,678
Maximum FHLB advances at any month end 3,711,402 3,737,611 2,079,934
Interest expense during the year 171,564 144,163 65,890
</TABLE>
151
<PAGE> 161
NOTE 15: OTHER BORROWINGS
Other borrowings consisted of the following:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31,
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1995 1994
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands) Amount Range of Amount Range of
Interest Rates Interest Rates
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Senior Notes due 2005 $147,845 7.46% - -%
Notes Payable due 1998 76,405 6.13 - 8.00 79,039 6.13 - 8.75
Other Borrowings 803 10% 852 10%
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$225,053 $79,891
======================================================================================================
</TABLE>
In August 1995, the Company issued $150.0 million of senior notes
bearing an interest rate of 7.25%. The notes are due August 15, 2005 and may not
be redeemed prior to maturity. As part of the acquisition of Pacific First, the
Company assumed a $75.0 million note payable to the City of Tampa. The City of
Tampa issued capital improvement revenue bonds in 1988 and invested a portion of
the receipts with Pacific First. The note matures in 1998 and is subject to
periodic withdrawals.
Financial data pertaining to the weighted average cost, the level of
other borrowings and the related interest expense were as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended December 31,
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands) 1995 1994 1993
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Weighted average interest rate at end of year 6.88% 6.13% 6.21%
Weighted daily average interest rate during the year 6.67 6.25 6.20
Daily average of other borrowings $131,169 $81,951 $68,504
Maximum other borrowings at any month end 226,017 82,925 89,548
Interest expense during the year 8,746 5,125 4,245
</TABLE>
NOTE 16: INTEREST RATE RISK MANAGEMENT
From time to time, the following strategies may be used by the Company
to reduce its exposure to interest rate risk: the origination and purchase of
adjustable-rate mortgage loans and the purchase of adjustable-rate
mortgage-backed securities; the sale of fixed-rate residential mortgage loan
production or fixed-rate mortgage-backed securities; and the use of derivative
instruments, such as interest rate exchange agreements and interest rate cap
agreements.
As of December 31, 1995, interest-sensitive assets of $9,682.1 million
and interest-sensitive liabilities of $14,492.2 million were scheduled to mature
or reprice within one year. At December 31, 1995, the Company had entered into
interest rate exchange agreements and interest rate cap agreements with notional
values of $1,165.0 million and $2,550.0 million. Without these instruments the
Company's one-year gap at December 31, 1995 would have been a negative 21.46
percent as opposed to a negative 13.32 percent.
Interest rate exchange agreements and interest rate cap agreements
expose the Company to credit risk in the event of nonperformance by
counterparties to such agreements. This risk consists primarily of the
termination value of agreements where the Company is in a favorable position.
The Company controls the credit risk associated with its interest rate exchange
agreements and interest rate cap agreements through counterparty credit review,
counterparty exposure limits and monitoring procedures.
The Company's use of derivative instruments reduces the negative
effect that changing interest rates may have on net interest income. The Company
uses such instruments to reduce
152
<PAGE> 162
the volatility of net interest income over an interest rate cycle. None of the
Company's derivative instruments are what are termed leveraged derivative
instruments. These types of instruments are riskier than the derivatives used by
the Company in that they have significant embedded options that enhance the
performance in certain circumstances but dramatically reduce the performance in
other circumstances.
From time to time, the Company terminates interest rate exchange
agreements and interest rate cap agreements prior to maturity. Such
circumstances arise if, in the judgment of management, such instruments no
longer cost effectively meet policy objectives. Often such instruments are
within one year of maturity. During 1995, the Company terminated an interest
rate exchange agreement with a notional value of $75.0 million and recorded a
deferred gain of $845,000. There were no other terminations of interest rate
exchange agreements or interest rate cap agreements in 1995. During 1994, the
Company terminated interest rate exchange agreements with a notional value of
$370.0 million for deferred gains of $1.4 million and deferred losses of $4.8
million. In 1993, interest rate exchange agreements with a notional value of
$90.0 million were terminated and deferred losses of $3.4 million were recorded.
During 1994, the Company terminated interest rate cap agreements with a notional
value of $375.0 million and deferred gains of $860,000 were recorded. No
interest rate cap agreements were terminated in 1993.
Scheduled maturities of interest rate exchange agreements were as
follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31, 1995
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Notional Short-Term Long-Term Carrying Fair
(dollars in thousands) Amount Receipt Rate(1) Payment Rate Value Value
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Designated against available-for-sale securities:
Due within one year $ 465,000 5.13% 5.92% $ 1,528 $ 1,528
After one but within two years 200,000 6.83 5.88 (4,144) (4,144)
After two but within three years 300,000 6.05 5.92 (5,244) (5,244)
After three years 200,000 6.88 5.88 (3,987) (3,987)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$1,165,000 5.96% 5.89% $(11,847) $(11,847)
==========================================================================================================================
</TABLE>
153
<PAGE> 163
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31, 1994
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Notional Short-Term Long-Term Carrying Fair
(dollars in thousands) Amount Receipt Rate(1) Payment Rate Value Value
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Designated against available-for-sale
securities:
Due within one year $150,000 6.38% 4.33% $ 4,700 $ 4,700
After one but within two years 350,000 5.69 4.54 13,954 13,954
Designated against short term
borrowings and deposits:
Due within one year 69,000 5.79 7.46 -- (209)
After one but within two years 190,000 5.80 6.75 -- 2,319
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$759,000 5.86% 5.32% $18,654 $20,764
======================================================================================================================
</TABLE>
(1) The terms of each agreement have specific London Interbank Offering
Rate reset and index requirements, which result in different
short-term receipt rates for each agreement. The receipt rate
represents the weighted average rate as of the last reset date for
each agreement.
Scheduled maturities of interest rate cap agreements were as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31, 1995
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Notional Strike Short-Term Carrying Fair
(dollars in thousands) Amount Rate Receipt Rate Value Value
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Designated against available for sale securities:
Due within one year(1) $1,425,000 5.34% 5.90% $4,484 $4,484
After one but within two years(2) 875,000 5.85 5.83 3,799 3,799
After two but within three years(3) 250,000 6.05 5.90 1,132 1,132
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$2,550,000 5.59% 5.87% $9,415 $9,415
=====================================================================================================================
</TABLE>
(1) Includes $425.0 million notional amount with a weighted average cap
ceiling of 8.06%
(2) Includes $600.0 million notional amount with a weighted average cap
ceiling of 7.75%
(3) Includes $250.0 million notional amount with a weighted average cap
ceiling of 7.65%
154
<PAGE> 164
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31, 1994
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Notional Strike Short-Term Carrying Fair
(dollars in thousands) Amount Rate Receipt Rate Value Value
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Designated against available for sale securities:
Due after one but within two years $ 600,000 5.13% 5.76% $24,936 $24,936
After two years 275,000 4.80 5.70 16,754 16,754
Designated against short term borrowings
and deposits:
Due after one but within two years(1) 825,000 5.50 5.89 -- 20,421
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$1,700,000 5.25% 5.81% $41,690 $62,111
======================================================================================================================
</TABLE>
(1) Includes $425.0 million notional amount with a weighted average cap
ceiling of 8.06%.
Changes in interest rate exchange agreements and interest rate cap
agreements were as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended Dec. 31, 1995
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Interest Rate Interest Rate
Exchange Cap
(dollars in thousands) Agreements Agreements
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Notional balance, beginning of year $759,000 $1,700,000
Purchases 700,000 850,000
Terminations and maturities (294,000) --
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Notional balance, end of year $1,165,000 $2,550,000
==============================================================================
</TABLE>
The unamortized balance of prepaid fees and deferred gains and losses
from terminated interest rate exchange agreements and interest rate cap
agreements are scheduled to be amortized into interest expense as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31, 1995
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Gain on Gain on Short- Loss on Short- Net
Available-For- Term Borrowings Term Borrowings Gain
(dollars in thousands) Sale Securities and Deposits and Deposits (Loss)
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
1996 $1,152 $367 $(3,030) $(1,511)
1997 -- -- (392) (392)
1998 -- -- (81) (81)
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Unamortized deferred gain (loss) $1,152 $367 $(3,503) $(1,984)
=================================================================================================================
</TABLE>
155
<PAGE> 165
Financial data pertaining to the weighted average net effective
(benefit) cost, the level of interest rate exchange agreements and the related
cost (benefit) were as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended December 31,
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands) 1995 1994 1993
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Weighted average net effective (benefit) cost at end of year (0.07)% (0.54)% 2.92%
Weighted average net effective (benefit) cost during the year (0.51) 1.73 4.25
Monthly average notional amount of interest rate exchange $1,113,500 $ 890,250 $670,767
agreements
Maximum notional amount of interest rate exchange
agreements at any month end 1,382,000 1,125,000 855,000
Net cost included with interest expense on deposits 3,887 15,289 24,268
during the year
Net cost included with interest expense on borrowings 902 1,426 4,210
during the year
Net (benefit) included with interest income on available
for securities during the year (10,495) (1,316) --
</TABLE>
Financial data pertaining to the level of interest rate cap agreements
and related net cost (benefit) were as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended December 31,
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands) 1995 1994 1993
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Monthly average notional amount of interest rate cap $2,083,333 $1,064,583 $462,500
agreements
Maximum notional amount of interest rate cap agreements
at any month end 2,550,000 1,700,000 675,000
Net cost (benefit) included with interest expense on deposits 4,380 (301) --
during the year
Net (benefit) cost included with interest income on available for sale
securities during the year (5,340) 1,365 --
</TABLE>
NOTE 17: GAIN (LOSS) ON SALE OF OTHER ASSETS, INCLUSIVE OF WRITE-DOWNS
Gain (loss) on sale of other assets, inclusive of write-downs
consisted of the following:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended December 31,
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands) 1995 1994 1993
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Trading account securities $ 408 $ 165 $ 46
Available for sale securities (3,342) 3,841 1,578
Held to maturity securities - - 26,706
Premises and equipment (626) 140 1,397
Other 1,203 587 (3,641)
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------
$(2,357) $4,733 $26,786
=======================================================================
</TABLE>
156
<PAGE> 166
NOTE 18: INCOME TAXES
The provision for income taxes consisted of the following:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended December 31,
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands) 1995 1994 1993
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Current income tax expense $ 87,913 $ 92,731 $77,390
Deferred income tax expense 19,591 15,428 17,399
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
$107,504 $108,159 $94,789
===========================================================================
</TABLE>
In determining taxable income, savings banks are allowed bad debt
deductions based on a percentage of taxable income or on actual experience. Each
year, savings banks may select whichever method results in the most tax savings.
The Company primarily used the percentage method in 1995 and 1994 and the
experience method in 1993. Effective with the adoption of SFAS No. 109, this bad
debt deduction is no longer treated as a permanent difference.
The significant components of the Company's deferred tax liabilities
and assets were as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31,
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands) 1995 1994
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Deferred tax liabilities:
Purchase accounting adjustments $ 22,996 $ 37,331
FHLB stock dividends 42,100 35,783
Deferred loan fees 32,958 19,163
Deferred gains 50,947 11,655
Other 51,593 32,194
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------
200,594 136,126
Deferred tax assets:
Book reserves 44,076 44,655
Purchase accounting adjustments 12,318 16,167
Deferred losses -- 12,166
Other 19,411 18,436
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------
75,805 91,424
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------
$124,789 $ 44,702
========================================================================
</TABLE>
In April 1994, revenue procedures were issued allowing the Company to
change its method of accounting for loan fees, effective for 1993. The change
allowed the Company to defer the recognition of loan fees for income tax
purposes.
Under SFAS No. 115, the tax effect of net unrealized gains and losses
on available-for-sale securities at December 31, 1995 and 1994 were included in
the deferred tax liabilities and assets. The tax effect was made directly to
stockholders' equity and was not included in the provision for income taxes.
157
<PAGE> 167
The change in the net deferred tax liability was as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands) Year Ended December 31, 1995
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C>
Deferred tax liability, beginning of year $ 44,702
Tax effect of valuation adjustment on available for sale securities 57,044
Deferred income tax expense 19,591
Other adjustments 3,452
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Deferred tax liability, end of year $124,789
==========================================================================================================
</TABLE>
Reconciliations between income taxes computed at statutory rates and
income taxes included in the Consolidated Statements of Income were as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended December 31,
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands) 1995 1994 1993
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Income taxes computed at statutory rates $107,556 $101,318 $100,028
Tax effect of: -- -- --
Amortization of goodwill and other intangible assets 6,631 6,688 6,281
Dividends received deduction (987) (506) (441)
Tax exempt income (1,973) (1,680) (1,924)
Other (3,723) 2,339 (5,080)
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Income taxes before extraordinary items 107,504 108,159 98,864
Tax effect of:
Call of subordinated capital notes -- -- (709)
Penalty for prepayment of FHLB advances -- -- (3,366)
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Income taxes included in the Consolidated Statements of Income $107,504 $108,159 $ 94,789
=========================================================================================================
</TABLE>
NOTE 19: EXTRAORDINARY ITEMS
Extraordinary items consisted of the following:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended December 31,
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands) 1995 1994 1993
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Call of subordinated capital notes $- $- $ (2,266)
Penalty for prepayment of FHLB advances - - (10,762)
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
- - (13,028)
Federal income tax benefits - - 4,075
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
$- $- $ (8,953)
===========================================================================
</TABLE>
On September 15, 1993, the Company redeemed for cash all $40.0 million
in principal of its 10.50 percent subordinated capital notes due March 15, 1999.
The Company prepaid $432.6 million in advances from the FHLB during 1993.
NOTE 20: STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
COMMON STOCK
In the third quarter of 1993, Washington Mutual's Board of Directors
declared a 50 percent stock dividend on its shares of common stock. The stock
dividend had the effect of a three-for-two stock split. Cash dividends declared,
as adjusted for the above mentioned stock dividend, were as follows:
158
<PAGE> 168
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended December 31,
- ----------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands) 1995(1) 1994(1) 1993(1)
- ----------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
First quarter $0.19 $0.16 $0.10
Second quarter 0.19 0.17 0.11
Third quarter 0.19 0.18 0.14
Fourth quarter 0.20 0.19 0.15
</TABLE>
(1) cash dividends per common share represent historical dividends per share
paid by Washington Mutual prior to business combinations.
Not only is the dividend policy of Washington Mutual influenced by
legal, regulatory and economic restrictions, but it is also predicated on the
ability of its subsidiaries to declare and pay dividends to Washington Mutual.
These subsidiaries are in turn subject to legal and regulatory restrictions on
their ability to pay dividends.
Retained earnings of the Company at December 31, 1995 included a
pre-1988 thrift bad debt reserve for tax purposes of $220.6 million for which no
federal income taxes had been provided. In the future, if this thrift bad debt
reserve is used for any purpose other than to absorb bad debt losses, if any of
the banking subsidiaries do not meet the 60 percent qualified assets test or if
legislation is enacted requiring recapture of all thrift bad debt reserves, the
Company will incur a federal income tax liability at the then prevailing
corporate tax rate.
On October 16, 1990, the Company's Board of Directors adopted a
shareholder rights plan and declared a dividend of one right for each
outstanding share of common stock to shareholders of record on October 31, 1990.
The rights have certain anti-takeover effects. They are intended to discourage
coercive or unfair takeover tactics and to encourage any potential acquirer to
negotiate a price fair to all shareholders. The rights may cause substantial
dilution to an acquiring party that attempts to acquire the Company on terms not
approved by the Board of Directors, but they will not interfere with any
friendly merger or other business combination. The plan was not adopted in
response to any specific effort to acquire control of the Company.
PREFERRED STOCK
In August 1989, the Company issued 1,300,000 shares of Noncumulative
Convertible Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series A, at $50 per share for net
proceeds of $63.2 million. In January 1993, the Company issued a notice of
redemption to all holders of its Preferred Stock, Series A. Virtually all
holders of the Preferred Stock, Series A, converted their shares into common
stock prior to the redemption date of February 12, 1993.
In December 1992, the Company issued 2,800,000 shares of Noncumulative
Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series C, at $25 per share for net proceeds of $67.4
million. The stock has a liquidation preference of $25 per share plus dividends
accrued and unpaid for the then current dividend period. Dividends, if and when
declared by Washington Mutual's Board of Directors, are at an annual rate of
$2.28 per share. Dividends have been declared and paid in all quarters since
issuance. The Company may redeem the stock on or after December 31, 1997, at the
redemption price of $25 per share plus unpaid dividends, whether or not
declared, for the then current dividend period up to the date fixed for
redemption. In November 1995, the Company purchased and retired 47,500 shares of
its stock.
Also in December 1992, the Company issued 1,400,000 shares of
Noncumulative Convertible Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series D, at $100 per share
for net proceeds of $136.4 million. The stock has a liquidation preference of
$100 per share plus dividends accrued and unpaid for the then current dividend
period. The stock is convertible at a rate of 3.870891 shares of common stock
per share of preferred stock (after adjustment for the third quarter 1993 50
percent stock dividend discussed below). Dividends, if and when declared by
Washington Mutual's Board of Directors, are at an annual rate of $6.00 per
share. Dividends have been declared and paid in all quarters since issuance. The
Company may redeem the stock on or after December 31, 1996 at an initial
redemption price of $103.60 per share. The redemption price declines to $100 per
share by the year 2003.
In September 1993, the Company issued 2,000,000 shares of
Noncumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series E, at $25 per share for net
proceeds of $48.2 million. The stock has a liquidation preference of $25 per
share plus dividends accrued and unpaid for the then current dividend period.
Dividends, if and when declared by Washington Mutual's Board of Directors, are
at an annual rate of $1.90 per share. Dividends have been declared and paid in
all quarters since issuance. The Company may redeem the stock on or after
September 15, 1998, at the redemption price of $25 per share plus unpaid
dividends, whether or not declared, for the then current dividend period up to
the date fixed for redemption. In November 1995, the Company purchased and
retired 30,000 shares of its stock.
The Preferred Stocks, Series C, Series D and Series E, are senior to
common stock as to dividends and liquidation, but they do not confer general
voting rights.
159
<PAGE> 169
NOTE 21: EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE
Primary earnings per common share have been calculated by dividing net
income, after deducting dividends on preferred stock, by the weighted average
number of shares outstanding for the period. Fully diluted earnings per common
share assume conversion of the outstanding convertible preferred stock.
Information used to calculate earnings per share was as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended December 31,
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands) 1995 1994 1993
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Net income $ 199,801 $ 181,322 $ 188,583
Preferred stock dividends:
Noncumulative Perpetual, Series C (6,384) (6,384) (5,628)
Noncumulative Perpetual, Series E (3,800) (3,800) (538)
Noncumulative Convertible Perpetual, Series D (8,400) (8,400) (7,392)
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net income attributable to primary common stock $ 181,217 $ 162,738 $ 175,025
=================================================================================================================
Net income 199,801 181,322 188,583
Preferred stock dividends:
Noncumulative Perpetual, Series C (6,384) (6,384) (5,628)
Noncumulative Perpetual, Series E (3,800) (3,800) (538)
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net income attributable to fully diluted common stock $ 189,617 $ 171,138 $ 182,417
=================================================================================================================
Average number of common shares outstanding:
Primary 70,061,144 66,361,794 64,808,073
Noncumulative Convertible Perpetual, Series A -- -- 643,121
Noncumulative Convertible Perpetual, Series D 5,419,247 5,419,247 5,419,247
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Fully diluted 75,480,391 71,781,041 70,870,441
=================================================================================================================
</TABLE>
NOTE 22: REGULATORY CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS
WMI is not subject to any regulatory capital requirements. However,
each of its subsidiary depository and insurance institutions is subject to
various capital requirements. WMB is subject to the Federal Deposit Insurance
Corporation ("FDIC") capital requirements while WMBfsb is subject to the Office
of Thrift Supervision ("OTS") capital requirements.
The FDIC currently measures an institution's capital using a leverage
limit together with certain risk-based ratios. The FDIC requires most banks it
regulates to maintain a minimum leverage ratio, defined as core ("Tier 1")
capital divided by total regulatory assets, of at least 4.00 percent to 5.00
percent. It also requires total capital of at least 8.00 percent of
risk-weighted assets and Tier 1 capital of at least 4.00 percent of
risk-weighted assets. The OTS requires savings associations, such as WMBfsb, to
meet each of three separate capital adequacy standards: a core capital leverage
requirement, a tangible capital requirement and a risk-based capital
requirement. OTS regulations require savings associations to maintain core
capital of at least 3.00 percent of assets and tangible capital (excluding all
goodwill) of at least 1.50 percent of assets. Most savings institutions are
required to maintain a minimum leverage capital ratio of at least 4.00 percent.
OTS regulations incorporate a risk-based capital requirement that is designed to
be no less stringent than the capital standard applicable to national banks and
is modeled in many respects on, but not identical to, the risk-based capital
requirements adopted by the FDIC. These regulations require a core risk-based
capital ratio of at least 4.00 percent and a total risk-based capital ratio of
at least 8.00 percent.
The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act of 1991
("FDICIA") created a statutory framework that increased the importance of
meeting applicable capital requirements. For WMB and WMBfsb, FDICIA establishes
five capital categories: well capitalized, adequately capitalized,
undercapitalized, significantly undercapitalized and critically
undercapitalized. An institution's category depends upon where its capital
levels are in relation to relevant capital measures, which include a risk-based
capital measure, a leverage ratio capital measure and certain other factors. The
federal banking agencies (including the FDIC and the OTS) have adopted
regulations which implement this statutory framework. Under these regulations,
in order to be well capitalized a bank must have a ratio of total
160
<PAGE> 170
capital to risk-weighted assets of not less than 10.00 percent, a ratio of Tier
1 capital to risk-weighted assets of not less than 6.00 percent, and a leverage
ratio of Tier 1 capital to total average assets of not less than 5.00 percent
and must not be subject to any federal supervisory order or directive to meet a
specific capital level. In order to be adequately capitalized, an institution
must have a total risk-based capital ratio of not less than 8.00 percent, a Tier
1 risk-based capital ratio of not less than 4.00 percent, and a leverage ratio
of not less than 4.00 percent. Any institution which is neither well capitalized
nor adequately capitalized will be considered undercapitalized. Undercapitalized
institutions are subject to certain regulatory controls and restrictions which
become more extensive as an institution becomes more severely undercapitalized.
At December 31, 1995, both WMB and WMBfsb were well capitalized.
The OTS has adopted final regulations adding an interest rate risk
component to the risk-based capital requirements for savings associations (such
as WMBfsb), although implementation of the regulation has been delayed.
Management believes that the effect of including such an interest rate risk
component in the calculation of risk-adjusted capital will not cause WMBfsb to
cease to be well capitalized. In August 1995, the FDIC revised its capital
standards to state explicitly that it will consider the risk of declines in the
economic value of capital due to changes in interest rates. The FDIC stated that
in the future, after gaining more experience with the risk measurement process,
it will issue a proposed rule that would establish an explicit minimum capital
charge for interest rate risk. The ultimate effect of such risk-based capital
requirements cannot be determined until final regulations are adopted.
WM Life is subject to risk-based capital requirements developed by the
National Association of Insurance Commissioners ("NAIC"). This measure uses four
major categories of risk to calculate an appropriate level of capital to support
an insurance company's overall business operations. The four risk categories are
asset risk, insurance risk, interest rate risk and business risk. At December
31, 1995, WM Life's capital was 672 percent of its required regulatory
risk-based level.
161
<PAGE> 171
Capital ratios for WMB (on a consolidated basis) and WMBfsb (on a
consolidated basis) were as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31, 1995
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------
WMB WMBfsb
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Tangible capital ratio n.a.% 6.76%
Leverage capital ratio 5.72 6.76
Total risk based capital ratio 11.58 12.64
Tier 1 or core risk based capital ratio 10.70 11.39
</TABLE>
Reconciliation of WMB's and WMBfsb's consolidated stockholders' equity
to regulatory capital was as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(dollars in thousands) December 31, 1995
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
WMB WMBfsb
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Stockholders' equity $1,418,271 $ 46,117
Reporting differences:
Goodwill and other intangible assets (160,781) (401)
Valuation reserve for available for sale securities (65,683) (202)
Investment in securities related subsidiaries (6,579) -
Purchased mortgage servicing rights (542) (818)
Other nonqualifying assets (542) -
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total regulatory capital $1,184,144 $44,696
============================================================================================
</TABLE>
NOTE 23: STOCK OPTION PLAN
On March 8, 1984, the Company's stockholders approved the adoption of
the 1983 incentive stock option plan, providing for the award of incentive stock
options or nonqualified stock options and stock appreciation rights ("SARs") to
certain officers of the Company at the discretion of the Board of Directors. On
April 19, 1994, the Company's stockholders' approved the adoption of the 1994
stock option plan in which the right to purchase common stock of the Company may
be granted to employees, directors, consultants and advisers of the Company. The
1994 plan is similar in some respects to the 1983 plan, which terminated
according to its terms in 1993. Consistent with the Company's practice under the
1983 plan, it is anticipated that the majority of options available under the
plan will be granted to the most senior management of the Company. The 1994 plan
does not affect any options granted under the 1983 plan.
Under the 1994 stock option plan, on the date of the grant, the
exercise price of the option must at least equal the market value per share of
the Company's common stock. The 1994 plan provides for the granting of options
for a maximum of 4,000,000 common shares.
A SAR represents the right to receive in cash an amount equal to the
difference between the market value of one share of the Company's common stock
on the date of exercise of the SAR and the market value of such a share on the
date of the grant. The market value is the closing stock price on the date of
the grant. The increased value of SARs during 1995 and 1993, which had been
recorded as compensation expense, was $81,000 and $15,000. During 1994, due to
the decline in the price of the Company's common stock, a credit of $49,000 was
recorded against compensation expense.
Stock options and SARs are exercisable on a phased-in schedule. At
December 31, 1995, stock options of 900,528 and 6,750 SARs were fully
exercisable.
162
<PAGE> 172
Stock options and SARs granted, exercised or terminated were as
follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Stock Options(1) SARs(1)
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Average Price Number Average Price Number
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Outstanding January 1, 1993 $ 7.86 1,456,859 $5.86 6,750
Granted in 1993 22.25 202,500 -
Exercised in 1993 6.04 (519,019) -
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Outstanding December 31, 1993 11.24 1,140,340 5.86 6,750
Granted in 1994 22.27 191,631 -
Exercised in 1994 7.96 (106,399) -
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Outstanding December 31, 1994 13.25 1,225,572 5.86 6,750
Granted in 1995 17.47 416,618 -
Exercised in 1995 7.92 (290,981) -
Terminated in 1995 22.07 (49,848) -
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Outstanding December 31, 1995 $15.46 1,301,361 $5.86 6,750
===========================================================================================================
</TABLE>
(1) Average price and number of stock options and SARs granted, exercised
and terminated in 1993 have been adjusted for the third quarter 1993
50 percent stock dividend, which had the effect of a three-for-two
stock split.
In October 1995, the FASB issued SFAS No. 123, Accounting for
Stock-based Compensation. The statement requires expanded disclosures of
stock-based compensation arrangements with employees and encourages (but does
not require) application of the fair value recognition provisions in the
statement. SFAS No. 123 does not rescind or interpret the existing accounting
rules for employee stock-based arrangements. Companies may continue following
those rules to recognize and measure compensation as outlined in Accounting
Principles Board Opinion 25 ("APB 25"), but they will now be required to
disclose the pro forma amounts of net income and earnings per share that would
have been reported had the company elected to follow the fair value recognition
provisions of SFAS No. 123. Effective January 1, 1996, the Company adopted the
disclosure requirements of SFAS No. 123, but has determined that it will
continue to measure its employee stock-based compensation arrangements under the
provisions of APB 25. The adoption of the disclosure requirements of SFAS No.
123 will have no material impact on the results of operations or financial
condition of the Company.
NOTE 24: EMPLOYEE BENEFITS PROGRAMS
The Company maintains a noncontributory cash balance defined benefit
pension plan ("Plan") for substantially all eligible employees. Benefits earned
for each year of service are based primarily on the level of compensation in
that year plus a stipulated rate of return on the benefit balance. It is the
Company's policy to fund the Plan on a current basis to the extent deductible
under federal income tax regulations. The net periodic pension cost for the Plan
was $2.2 million, $1.3 million and $575,000 for 1995, 1994 and 1993. The
weighted average discount rate was 7.25 percent, 8.00 percent and 7.25 percent
for 1995, 1994 and 1993. The long-term rate of return on assets was 8.00 percent
for 1995, 8.00 percent for 1994 and 9.00 percent for 1993. The assumed rate of
increase in future compensation levels was 6.00 percent for all years presented.
The Plan's assets consist primarily of listed common stocks, U. S. government
obligations, corporate debt obligations and annuity contracts.
163
<PAGE> 173
The Plan's funded status and amounts recognized in the Company's
financial statements were as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31,
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands) 1995 1994
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Benefit obligations:
Vested benefits $ (46,628) $ (34,885)
Nonvested benefits (2,367) (4,690)
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Accumulated benefit obligation (48,995) (39,575)
Effect of future compensation increases (1,598) (1,429)
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Projected benefit obligation (50,593) (41,004)
Plan assets at fair value 61,722 53,037
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Plan assets in excess of projected benefit obligation 11,129 12,033
Unrecognized (gain) loss due to past experience different from assumptions (2,103) 1,710
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Unrecognized net asset at transition being recognized over 18.6 years (3,300) (3,682)
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Prepaid pension asset 7,819 10,061
=========================================================================================================
</TABLE>
Net periodic pension expense included the following:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended December 31,
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands) 1995 1994 1993
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Service cost--benefits earned during the period $ 3,240 $ 2,952 $ 1,643
Interest cost on projected benefit obligation 3,336 2,695 1,904
Actual (gain) loss on Plan assets (11,935) 463 (5,637)
Amortization and deferral, net 7,601 (4,779) 2,665
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$ 2,242 $ 1,331 $ 575
=========================================================================================
</TABLE>
During 1994, the defined benefit pension plan acquired in the
acquisition of Pacific First was merged into the Company's defined benefit
pension plan. The fair value of plan assets exceeded the projected benefit
obligation and the accrued pension cost was reduced by $10.8 million.
In addition, the Company currently provides eligible retired employees
with access to medical coverage on the same basis as active employees and
provides certain other health care insurance benefits to a limited number of
retired employees. Postretirement benefits, such as retiree health benefits, are
accrued during the years an employee provides services. The net periodic expense
was $697,000, $689,000 and $621,000 for 1995, 1994 and 1993.
The funded status of these benefits were as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31,
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands) 1995 1994
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Accumulated postretirement benefit obligation $(5,484) $(4,488)
Unrecognized transition obligation 2,503 2,650
Unrecognized (gain) (36) (189)
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Prepaid postretirement liability $(3,017) $(2,027)
=================================================================================
</TABLE>
Net periodic postretirement expense included the following:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended December 31,
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands) 1995 1994 1993
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Service cost $206 $220 $154
Interest cost 344 322 320
Amortization of transition obligation 147 147 147
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$697 $689 $621
===============================================================================
</TABLE>
The weighted average discount rate was 7.25 percent, 8.00 percent and
7.25 percent for 1995, 1994 and 1993. The medical trend rate starts at 13.00
percent for 1993 and declines steadily to 6.00 percent by the year 2000. The
effect of a 1.00 percent increase in the trend rates is not significant.
The Company also maintains a savings plan for substantially all
eligible employees that allows participants to make contributions by salary
deduction equal to 15.00 percent or less of their salary pursuant to section
401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code. Western maintained a substantially similar
plan. Employees' contributions vest immediately. The Company's partial matching
contributions vest over five years. The Company's contributions to the savings
plan in 1995, 1994 and 1993 were $5.8 million, $8.0 million and $4.5 million.
164
<PAGE> 174
In November 1992, the FASB issued SFAS No. 112, Employers' Accounting
for Postemployment Benefits. This statement establishes standards of financial
accounting and reporting for the estimated cost of benefits provided by an
employer to former or inactive employees after employment but before retirement.
Effective January 1, 1994, the Company adopted SFAS No. 112. There were no costs
accrued under this pronouncement.
NOTE 25: CONTINGENCIES
The Company has certain litigation and negotiations in progress
resulting from activities arising from normal operations. In the opinion of
management and legal counsel, none of these matters is likely to have a
materially adverse effect on the Company's financial position.
At periodic intervals, the FDIC and OTS regulators examine the
Company's financial statements as part of their legally prescribed oversight.
Based on these examinations, the regulators can direct that the Company's
financial statements be adjusted in accordance with their findings. A future
examination by the FDIC or the OTS could include a review of certain
transactions or other amounts reported in the Company's 1995 financial
statements. The regulators have not proposed significant adjustments to the
Company's financial statements in prior years and management is not aware of any
basis for any such adjustments for 1995. But, in view of the uncertain
regulatory environment in which the Company operates, the extent, if any, to
which a forthcoming examination may ultimately result in regulatory adjustments
to the 1995 financial statements cannot presently be determined.
NOTE 26: SELECTED QUARTERLY FINANCIAL DATA (UNAUDITED)
The results of operations on a quarterly basis have been restated to
give effect to the business combination with Western Bank. Results of operations
on a quarterly basis were as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended December 31, 1995
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands, First Quarter Second Quarter Third Quarter
except for per share amounts) Washington Western Restated Washington Western Restated Washington Western Restated
Mutual Mutual Mutual
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Interest income $353,378 $14,069 $367,447 $375,224 $14,792 $390,016 $390,114 $15,524 $405,638
Interest expense 213,906 4,468 218,374 235,828 4,757 240,585 243,729 5,115 248,844
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net interest income 139,472 9,601 149,073 139,396 10,035 149,431 146,385 10,409 156,794
Provision for loan losses 2,500 300 2,800 2,500 350 2,850 2,500 300 2,800
Other income 26,585 2,270 28,855 26,828 2,726 29,554 25,620 2,660 28,280
Other expense 95,171 7,910 103,081 98,135 8,197 106,332 94,466 8,064 102,530
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Income before income taxes 68,386 3,661 72,047 65,589 4,214 69,803 75,039 4,705 79,744
Income taxes 25,381 1,416 26,797 20,398 1,632 22,030 26,233 1,823 28,056
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net income 43,005 2,245 45,250 45,191 2,582 47,773 48,806 2,882 51,688
==================================================================================================================================
Net income attributable to
common stock $ 38,359 $ 2,245 $ 40,604 $ 40,545 $2,582 $43,127 $44,160 $ 2,882 $ 47,042
==================================================================================================================================
Net income per common share
Primary $ 0.62 $ 0.60 $ 0.64 $ 0.62 $ 0.68 $ 0.66
Fully diluted 0.60 0.58 0.62 0.60 0.66 0.64
<CAPTION>
Year Ended December 31, 1995
- ---------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands, Fourth Quarter
except for per share amounts) Washington Western Restated
Mutual
- ---------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Interest income $399,997 $15,862 $415,859
Interest expense 247,620 5,301 252,921
- ---------------------------------------------------------------
Net interest income 152,377 10,561 162,938
Provision for loan losses 2,500 200 2,700
Other income 27,705 3,480 31,185
Other expense 94,543 11,169 105,712
- ---------------------------------------------------------------
Income before income taxes 83,039 2,672 85,711
Income taxes 29,417 1,204 30,621
- ---------------------------------------------------------------
Net income 53,622 1,468 55,090
===============================================================
Net income attributable to
common stock $ 48,976 $ 1,468 $ 50,444
===============================================================
Net income per common share
Primary $ 0.74 $ 0.71
Fully diluted 0.72 0.69
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended December 31, 1994
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands, First Quarter Second Quarter
except for per share amounts) Washington Western Restated Washington Western Restated
Mutual Mutual
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Interest income $276,166 $11,415 $287,581 $287,784 $12,488 $300,272
Interest expense 132,629 3,482 136,111 146,041 3,791 149,832
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net interest income 143,537 7,933 151,470 141,743 8,697 150,440
Provision for loan losses 5,000 0 5,000 5,000 50 5,050
Other income 28,348 2,434 30,782 27,747 2,489 30,236
Other expense 100,583 6,974 107,557 96,890 7,532 104,422
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Income before income taxes 66,302 3,393 69,695 67,600 3,604 71,204
Income taxes 24,607 1,316 25,923 25,531 1,399 26,930
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net income 41,695 2,077 43,772 42,069 2,205 44,274
=======================================================================================================
Net income attributable to
common stock $ 37,049 $2,077 $ 39,126 $37,423 $2,205 $ 39,628
=======================================================================================================
Net income per common share
Primary $ 0.62 $ 0.59 $ 0.62 $ 0.60
Fully diluted 0.60 0.58 0.60 0.58
<CAPTION>
Year Ended December 31, 1994
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands, Third Quarter Fourth Quarter
except for per share amounts) Washington Western Restated Washington Western Restated
Mutual Mutual
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Interest income $308,427 $13,118 $321,545 $335,436 $13,716 $349,152
Interest expense 164,887 3,869 168,756 193,031 4,141 197,172
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net interest income 143,540 9,249 152,789 142,405 9,575 151,980
Provision for loan losses 5,000 200 5,200 5,000 150 5,150
Other income 25,782 2,607 28,389 25,961 3,134 29,095
Other expense 93,722 7,742 101,464 93,117 8,740 101,857
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Income before income taxes 70,600 3,914 74,514 70,249 3,819 74,068
Income taxes 26,517 1,518 28,035 25,792 1,479 27,271
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net income 44,083 2,396 46,479 44,457 2,340 46,797
=====================================================================================================
Net income attributable to
common stock $39,437 $2,396 $ 41,833 $39,811 $2,340 $42,151
=====================================================================================================
Net income per common share
Primary $ 0.65 $ 0.63 $0.65 $0.63
Fully diluted 0.63 0.61 0.63 0.61
</TABLE>
165
<PAGE> 175
NOTE 27: FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
The following estimated fair value amounts have been determined by the
Company using available market information and appropriate valuation
methodologies. However, considerable judgment is required to interpret market
data to develop the estimates of fair value. Accordingly, the estimates
presented herein are not necessarily indicative of the amounts the Company could
realize in a current market exchange. The use of different market assumptions
and/or estimation methodologies may have a material effect on the estimated fair
value amounts.
The fair value of financial instruments were as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31,
1995 1994
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands) Carrying Fair Carrying Fair
Amount Value Amount Value
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Financial assets:
Cash and cash equivalents $ 598,272 $ 598,272 $ 262,256 $ 262,256
Trading account securities 238 238 572 572
Available for sale securities 7,768,115 7,768,115 2,701,799 2,701,799
Held to maturity securities 172,786 186,521 2,646,194 2,443,557
Loans, exclusive of reserve for
loan losses 13,178,569 13,271,625 12,977,702 12,522,219
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
21,717,980 21,824,771 18,588,523 17,930,403
Financial liabilities:
Deposits 11,306,436 11,336,233 10,432,888 10,424,731
Annuities 855,503 855,503 799,178 799,178
Federal funds purchased 430,000 430,073 - -
Securities sold under agreements 3,965,820 3,965,462 2,596,209 2,595,360
to repurchase
Advances from the FHLB 3,711,402 3,713,968 3,737,611 3,671,503
Other borrowings 225,053 235,657 79,891 79,842
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
20,494,214 20,536,896 17,645,777 17,570,614
Derivative instruments(1):
Interest rate exchange agreements:
Designated against available for
sale securities (11,847) (11,847) 18,654 18,654
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Designated against short term 2,110
borrowings and deposits - - -
Interest rate cap agreements:
Designated against available for
sale securities 9,415 9,415 41,690 41,690
Designated against short term 20,421
borrowings and deposits - - -
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(2,432) (2,432) 60,344 82,875
Off balance sheet loan commitments - 4,476 - (8,057)
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net financial instruments $ 1,221,334 $ 1,289,919 $ 1,003,090 $ 434,607
=====================================================================================================================
</TABLE>
(1) See "Note 16: Interest Rate Risk Management."
166
<PAGE> 176
The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair
value of each class of financial instrument as of December 31, 1995 and 1994:
Cash and cash equivalents--The carrying amount represented fair value.
Trading account securities--Fair values were based on quoted market
prices.
Available-for-sale securities--Fair values were based on quoted market
prices or dealer quotes. If a quoted market price was not available, fair value
was estimated using quoted market prices for similar securities.
Held-to-maturity securities--Fair values were based on quoted market
prices or dealer quotes. If a quoted market price was not available, fair value
was estimated using quoted market prices for similar securities.
Loans--Loans were priced using the discounted cash flow method. The
discount rate used was the rate currently offered on similar products.
Deposits--The fair value of checking accounts, savings accounts and
money market accounts was the amount payable on demand at the reporting date.
For time deposit accounts, the fair value was determined using the discounted
cash flow method. The discount rate was equal to the rate currently offered on
similar products.
Annuities--The carrying amount represented fair value.
Federal funds purchased--These were valued using the discounted cash
flow method. The discount rate was equal to the rate currently offered on
similar borrowings.
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase--These were valued using
the discounted cash flow method. The discount rate was equal to the rate
currently offered on similar borrowings.
Advances from the FHLB--These were valued using the discounted cash
flow method. The discount rate was equal to the rate currently offered on
similar borrowings.
Other borrowings--These were valued using the discounted cash flow
method. The discount rate was equal to the rate currently offered on similar
borrowings.
167
<PAGE> 177
Derivative instruments--The fair value for interest rate exchange
agreements was determined using the discounted cash flow method. The market
prices for similar instruments were used to value interest rate cap agreements.
Off balance sheet loan commitments--Loan commitments are commitments
the Company made to borrowers at locked-in rates. The fair value of loan
commitments was estimated based on current levels of interest rates versus the
committed interest rates. The balance shown represents the differential between
committed value and fair value.
168
<PAGE> 178
NOTE 28: FINANCIAL INFORMATION - WMI
WMI was formed August 17, 1994. The following WMI (parent company
only) financial information should be read in conjunction with the other notes
to the consolidated financial statements.
RESTATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended Period of August 17, 1994
(dollars in thousands) December 31, 1995 (inception) to December 31, 1994
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Interest Income
Available for sale securities $ 8,033 $ 1,641
Cash equivalents 471 44
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total interest income 8,504 1,685
Interest Expense
Borrowings 9,072 884
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total interest expense 9,072 884
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net interest income (568) 801
Other Income
Equity in net earnings of subsidiaries(1) 203,529 13,103
Other operating income 8 --
Gain (loss) on sale of other assets, inclusive of write-downs (171) --
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total other income 203,366 13,103
Other Expense
Salaries and employee benefits 2,716 --
Occupancy and equipment 1 --
Other operating expense 3,289 228
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total other expense 6,006 228
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Income before income taxes 196,792 13,676
Income taxes (865) 201
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net Income(1) $197,657 $13,475
===================================================================================================================
</TABLE>
(1) Contains intercompany transactions eliminated upon consolidation.
169
<PAGE> 179
RESTATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31,
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands) 1995 1994
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents $ 90,096 $ 5,903
Available for sale securities 99,932 104,987
Loans 147,867 --
Investment in subsidiaries(1) 1,570,336 1,344,399
Other assets 929 654
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total assets $1,909,160 $1,455,943
=================================================================================================================
LIABILITIES
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase $ 82,481 $ 84,329
Other borrowings 147,845 --
Other liabilities 5,647 (14)
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total liabilities 235,973 84,315
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Preferred stock, no par value: 10,000,000 shares authorized --
6,122,500 and 6,200,000 shares issued and outstanding -- --
Common stock, no par value: 100,000,000 shares authorized --
71,804,527 and 67,837,553 shares issued and outstanding -- --
Capital surplus(1) 832,129 801,077
Valuation reserve for available for sale securities 2,390 (2,511)
Valuation reserve for available for sale securities--subsidiaries 75,958 (29,577)
Retained earnings(1) 762,710 602,639
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total stockholders' equity 1,673,187 1,371,628
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $1,909,160 $1,455,943
=================================================================================================================
</TABLE>
(1) Contains intercompany transactions eliminated upon consolidation.
170
<PAGE> 180
RESTATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended Period of August 17, 1994
(dollars in thousands) December 31, 1995 (inception) to December 31, 1994
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income(1) $ 197,657 $ 13,475
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net
cash provided by operating activities:
Decrease (increase) in interest receivable 80 (693)
Increase in interest payable 3,167 884
(Decrease) in income taxes payable (865) (1,151)
Equity in undistributed earnings of subsidiaries(1) (203,529) (13,103)
Decrease in other assets 9,910 39
Increase in other liabilities 720 252
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net cash provided (used) by operating activities 7,140 (297)
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Purchases of available for sale securities -- (111,984)
Principal repayments of available for sale securities 12,594 4,486
Originations and purchases of loans (147,867) --
Tax sharing dividends received -- --
Dividends received from subsidiaries 130,934 --
Acquisition of wholly owned subsidiary(1) -- (82,877)
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net cash (used) by investing activities (4,339) (190,375)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
(Decrease) increase in securities sold under
agreements to repurchase (1,848) 84,329
Proceeds of other borrowings 147,845 --
Issuance of common stock through stock options
and employee stock plans 8,379 994
Repurchase of preferred stock (1,990) --
Cash dividends paid (70,994) --
Contribution from wholly owned subsidiaries(1) -- 111,252
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net cash provided by financing activities 81,392 196,575
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Increase in cash and cash equivalents 84,193 5,903
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 5,903 --
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year $ 90,096 $ 5,903
================================================================================================================
</TABLE>
(1) Contains intercompany transactions eliminated upon consolidation.
171
<PAGE> 181
UNAUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 1996
172
<PAGE> 182
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (UNAUDITED)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Quarter Ended Six Months Ended
June 30, June 30,
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands, except for per share amounts) 1996 1995 1996 1995
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(Unaudited)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Interest income
Loans...................................................................... $284,595 $273,577 $563,495 $540,464
Available-for-sale securities.............................................. 130,393 62,443 262,662 115,361
Held-to-maturity securities................................................ 3,292 53,304 6,606 100,702
Cash equivalents........................................................... 471 692 1,408 936
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total interest income.................................................... 418,751 390,016 834,171 757,463
Interest expense
Deposits................................................................... 116,454 124,689 239,374 239,016
Borrowings................................................................. 124,153 115,896 245,658 219,943
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total interest expense................................................... 240,607 240,585 485,032 458,959
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net interest income.................................................... 178,144 149,431 349,139 298,504
Provision for loan losses.................................................. 2,913 2,850 5,825 5,650
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net interest income after provision for loan losses.................... 175,231 146,581 343,314 292,854
Other income
Depositor fees............................................................. 18,913 13,823 35,663 25,516
Loan servicing fees........................................................ 4,784 3,139 8,654 5,528
Other service fees......................................................... 8,624 6,848 16,629 16,812
Other operating income..................................................... 5,250 4,568 9,148 9,354
Gain on sale of loans...................................................... 3,007 934 5,754 1,133
Gain (loss) on sale of other assets........................................ (3,826) 242 (2,334) 66
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total other income....................................................... 36,752 29,554 73,514 58,409
Other expense
Salaries and employee benefits............................................. 52,646 46,985 103,474 93,227
Occupancy and equipment.................................................... 21,607 19,029 39,937 37,001
Regulatory assessments..................................................... 4,235 6,421 7,551 12,740
Other operating expense.................................................... 29,652 27,624 60,792 54,966
Amortization of goodwill and other intangible assets....................... 6,962 7,052 13,930 14,369
Real estate owned ("REO") operations, inclusive of write-downs............. (415) (779) (905) (2,890)
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total other expense...................................................... 114,687 106,332 224,779 209,413
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Income before income taxes.............................................. 97,296 69,803 192,049 141,850
Income taxes................................................................. 35,937 22,030 71,161 48,827
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net income................................................................... $ 61,359 $ 47,773 $120,888 $ 93,023
=================================================================================================================================
Net income attributable to common stock...................................... $ 56,754 $ 43,127 $111,678 $ 83,731
=================================================================================================================================
Net income per common share:
Primary.................................................................... $0.79 $0.62 $1.55 $1.22
Fully Diluted.............................................................. 0.76 0.60 1.50 1.18
Dividends declared per common share.......................................... 0.22 0.19 0.43 0.38
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
</TABLE>
173
<PAGE> 183
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION (UNAUDITED)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
June 30, Dec. 31,
(dollars in thousands) 1996 1995
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(Unaudited)
ASSETS
<S> <C> <C>
Cash and cash equivalents $ 303,851 $ 598,272
Trading account securities 3,715 238
Available-for-sale securities 7,221,172 7,768,115
Held-to-maturity securities 180,658 172,786
Loans 13,800,209 13,035,250
REO 27,072 25,064
Bank premises and equipment 222,830 219,056
Goodwill and other intangible assets 147,251 161,127
Other assets 416,714 440,471
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total assets $ 22,323,472 $22,420,379
======================================================================================================================
LIABILITIES
Deposits:
Checking accounts $ 1,450,821 $ 1,336,340
Savings and money market accounts 4,160,068 3,983,267
Time certificates 5,415,830 5,986,829
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total deposits 11,026,719 11,306,436
Annuities 866,349 855,503
Federal funds purchased 770,000 430,000
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase 4,645,682 3,965,820
Advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank of Seattle 2,962,205 3,711,402
Other borrowings 224,314 224,250
Other liabilities 181,130 266,884
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total liabilities $ 20,676,399 $20,760,295
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Preferred stock, no par value: 10,000,000 shares authorized -
6,122,400 and 6,122,500 shares issued and outstanding - -
Common stock, no par value: 100,000,000 shares authorized -
72,086,750 and 71,804,527 shares issues and outstanding - -
Capital surplus 728,914 722,986
Valuation reserve for available-for-sale securities 21,267) 78,348
Retained earnings 939,426 858,750
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total stockholders' equity 1,647,073 1,660,084
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $ 22,323,472 $22,420,379
======================================================================================================================
</TABLE>
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
174
<PAGE> 184
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (UNAUDITED)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Number of Shares
---------------------- Valuation Total
Preferred Common Capital Retained Reserve for Stockholders'
Stock Stock Surplus Earnings Securities Equity
--------- ------- ------- -------- ----------- -------------
(Dollars in thousands) (Unaudited)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Balance at March 31, 1996 6,123 72,007 $726,948 $898,549 $ 24,382 $1,649,879
Net income - - - 61,359 - 61,359
Cash dividends on preferred stock - - - (4,605) - (4,605)
Cash dividends on common stock - - - (15,877) - (15,877)
Common stock issued through stock
options and employee stock plans - 80 1,976 - - 1,976
Adjustment in valuation reserve for
available-for-sale securities - - - - (45,649) (45,649)
Conversion of preferred stock to
common stock (1) - (10) - - (10)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at June 30, 1996 6,122 72,087 $728,914 $939,426 $(21,267) $1,647,073
================================================================================================================================
Balance at March 31, 1995 6,200 68,014 $695,795 $731,454 $ (6,906) $1,420,343
Net income - - - 47,773 - 47,773
Cash dividends on preferred stock - - - (4,646) - (4,646)
Cash dividends on common stock - - - (12,657) - (12,657)
Common stock issued through stock
options and employee stock plans - 76 1,326 - - 1,326
Adjustment in valuation reserve for
available-for-sale securities - - - - 31,035 31,035
Immaterial business combination
accounted for as a pooling-of-interest - 2,395 10,550 26,654 - 37,204
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at June 30, 1995 6,200 70,485 $707,671 $788,578 $ 24,129 $1,520,378
================================================================================================================================
Balance at December 31, 1995 6,123 71,805 $722,986 $858,750 $ 78,348 $1,660,084
Net income - - - 120,888 - 120,888
Cash dividends on preferred stock - - - (9,210) - (9,210)
Cash dividends on common stock - - - (31,002) - (31,002)
Common stock issued through stock
options and employee stock plans - 282 5,938 - - 5,938
Adjustment in valuation reserve for
available-for-sale securities - - - - (99,615) (99,615)
Conversion of preferred stock to
common stock (1) - (10) - - (10)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at June 30, 1996 6,122 72,087 $728,914 $939,426 $(21,267) $1,647,073
================================================================================================================================
Balance at December 31, 1994 6,200 67,837 $692,923 $703,422 $(32,088) $1,364,257
Net income - - - 93,023 - 93,023
Cash dividends on preferred stock - - - (9,292) - (9,292)
Cash dividends on common stock - - - (25,229) - (25,229)
Common stock issued through stock
options and employee stock plans - 253 4,198 - - 4,198
Adjustment in valuation reserve for
available-for-sale securities - - - - 56,217 56,217
Immaterial business combination
accounted for as a pooling-of-interest - 2,395 10,550 26,654 - 37,204
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at June 30, 1995 6,200 70,485 $707,671 $788,578 $ 24,129 $1,520,378
================================================================================================================================
</TABLE>
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
175
<PAGE> 185
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOW (UNAUDITED)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Quarter Ended Six Months Ended
June 30, June 30,
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands) 1966 1995 1996 1995
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES (Unaudited)
Net income $ 61,359 $ 47,773 $ 120,888 $ 93,023
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided
by operating activities:
Provision for loan losses 2,913 2,850 5,825 5,650
(Gain) on sale of loans (3,007) (934) (5,754) (1,133)
(Gain) loss on sale of other assets 3,826 (242) 2,334 66
REO operations, exclusive of write-downs (415) (779) (905) (2,890)
Depreciation and amortization 7,001 4,919 17,699 9,476
FHLB stock dividend (5,031) (3,550) (9,775) (10,506)
(Increase) decrease in trading account securities (1,268) 395 (3,472) (1,135)
(Increase) in interest receivable (159) (5,043) (2,861) (14,923)
(Decrease) increase in interest payable (10,463) (2,491) (5,731) 5,745
(Decrease) increase in federal income taxes payable (14,808) (25,264) 13,974 1,954
Decrease (increase) in other assets 58,351 1,137 102,712 (7,497)
Increase (decrease) in other liabilities 1,370 (27,041) (27,205) (6,067)
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net cash provided (used) by operating activities 99,669 (8,270) 207,729 71,763
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Purchases of available-for-sale securities (676,593) (376,701) (1,192,368) (760,428)
Maturities and principal payments on
available-for-sale securities 300,819 52,469 589,614 120,252
Sales of available-for-sale securities 937,671 151,333 1,787,942 151,333
Purchases of held-to-maturity securities (2,466) (26,312) (15,243) (55,793)
Maturities, calls and principal payments on
held-to-maturity securities 3,281 39,821 7,939 67,954
Sales of loans 461,352 5,421 565,258 11,205
Principal payments on loans 830,784 582,635 1,589,359 1,060,066
Origination and purchases of loans (1,950,796) (1,040,446) (3,799,124) (1,776,889)
Sales of REO 4,571 4,106 13,282 7,448
Other REO operations 133 779 311 2,890
Expenditures for premises and equipment (9,790) (9,174) (15,984) (17,994)
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired - 9,798 - 9,798
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net cash (used) by investing activities (101,034) (606,271) (469,014) (1,180,158)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
(Decrease) increase in deposits (246,001) (64,218) (280,908) 112,186
Increase in annuities 6,410 17,669 10,846 36,985
Increase in federal funds purchased 96,000 - 340,000 -
(Decrease) increase in securities sold under
agreements to repurchase (44,329) 945,327 679,862 1,383,387
Proceeds from FHLB advances 686,499 264,614 1,416,290 590,694
Payments for maturing and prepaid FHLB advances (464,750) (455,000) (2,164,750) (875,000)
Payments of other borrowings (128) (12) (192) (86)
Commons stock issued through stock options
and employee stock plans 1,966 1,326 5,928 4,198
Cash dividends paid (20,482) (17,303) (40,212) (34,521)
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net cash provided (used) by financing activities 15,185 692,403 (33,136) 1,217,843
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 13,820 77,862 (294,421) 109,448
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 290,031 293,842 598,272 262,256
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period $ 303,851 $ 371,704 $ 303,851 $ 371,704
======================================================================================================================
</TABLE>
176
<PAGE> 186
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES RELATED TO THE CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Quarter Ended Six Months Ended
June 30, June 30,
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(dollars in thousands) 1966 1995 1996 1995
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(Unaudited)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
NONCASH INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Loans exchanged for mortgaged-backed securities
and held for investment $422,999 $473,542 $884,314 $582,659
Real estate acquired through foreclosure 4,527 7,555 9,973 15,788
CASH PAID DURING THE PERIOD FOR
Interest on deposits 116,454 125,680 233,763 232,631
Interest on borrowings 124,153 116,283 246,537 219,467
Income taxes 61,000 48,128 61,000 48,128
</TABLE>
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
177
<PAGE> 187
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. ACCOUNTING ADJUSTMENTS
The information included in the consolidated statements of financial
position as of June 30, 1996 and December 31, 1995 and the consolidated
statements of income, stockholders' equity and cash flows of Washington Mutual,
Inc. ("Washington Mutual" or the "Company") for the quarter and six months
ending June 30, 1996 and 1995 reflect all adjustments which are, in the opinion
of management, necessary for a fair statement of the results for the period
presented.
2. CONTINGENCIES
On May 14, 1996, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ("FDIC")
approved a continuance of assessment rates of between 0 percent and 0.27 percent
per annum of total adjusted deposits for all deposits insured through the Bank
Insurance Fund ("BIF"), effective as of July 1, 1996. The FDIC also approved an
assessment rate schedule applicable to deposits insured though the Savings
Association Insurance Fund ("SAIF") of between 0.23 percent and 0.31 percent per
annum of total adjusted SAIF deposits. The assessment rates are calculated to
keep the respective insurance funds capitalized at 1.25 percent of estimated
insured deposits. Since the BIF has reached the required reserve ratio, under
the assessment rate schedule, most institutions are being assessed the statutory
annual minimum of $2,000 for their BIF deposits. In contrast, because the SAIF
is still undercapitalized, the assessment rate for SAIF deposits is expected to
continue at between 0.23 percent and 0.31 percent per annum. The resulting
premium differential will have adverse consequences on those institutions with
SAIf deposits, including a competitive disadvantage with respect to pricing of
loans and deposits and with respect to the ability to control costs.
Several alternatives to mitigate the effect of the premium disparity
between BIF and SAIF have been suggested. At one time, the federal budget
reconciliation bill contained a provision designed to recapitalize the SAIF by
means of a one-time assessment, now estimated at 0.68 percent of SAIf deposits.
Such a proposal would lead to elimination of the ongoing differential. The
budget bill signed by the President in April 1996 did not include such a
one-time assessment, however, and it is not known when or if such a proposal
will be adopted. Such an assessment on Washington Mutual's SAIF deposits at
March 31, 1995 (the date currently established as the assessment date) would
result in a charge to earnings of approximately $44.4 million or $28.4 million
on an after-tax basis.
3. MORTGAGE SERVICING RIGHTS
In May 1995, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued
Statement of Financial Accounting Standard ("SFAS") No. 122, Accounting for
Mortgage Servicing Rights. The statement eliminates the distinctions between
servicing rights that are purchased and those that are retained upon the sale or
securitization of loans. The statement requires mortgage servicers to recognize
the servicing rights on loans as separate assets, no matter how acquired. Banks
who sell loans and retain the servicing rights will be required to allocate the
total cost of the loans between servicing rights and loans based on their
relative fair values if their values can be estimated. Effective January 1,
1996, the Company adopted SFAS No. 122.
During the first half of 1996, the Company capitalized $16.9 million of
mortgage servicing rights as a result of this statement. Gains on the sale of
loans as a result of capitalizing mortgage servicing rights under the provisions
of SFAS 122 were $4.0 million and $4.9 million more for the quarter and six
months just ended than would have been recognized under prior accounting
policies. At June 30, 1996, the Company's balance sheet included $16.1 million
of unamortized mortgage rights as a result of this statement.
178
<PAGE> 188
APPENDIX A
AGREEMENT FOR MERGER
This Agreement for Merger (the "Agreement") is made and entered into
as of the 29th day of February, 1996 by and among Washington Mutual, Inc., a
Washington corporation ("WMI"), Washington Mutual Bank fsb, a federal savings
bank ("WMBfsb"), and Utah Federal Savings Bank, a federal savings bank ("Utah
Federal").
WMBfsb is a wholly owned subsidiary of WMI. The parties desire that
WMI and WMBfsb enter into a transaction with Utah Federal which will result in
a merger (the "Merger") of Utah Federal with and into WMBfsb, which shall be
the surviving institution.
Therefore, in consideration of the mutual covenants, representations,
warranties and agreements herein contained, the parties hereto agree as
follows:
1. Merger. Subject to the terms and conditions of this
Agreement, the Merger is to be accomplished in the manner described herein.
(a) Merger of Utah Federal and WMBfsb. At the Effective
Time (as defined in Section 2), Utah Federal shall be merged with and into
WMBfsb, with WMBfsb being the surviving institution, in accordance with the
Plan of Merger by and among WMI, WMBfsb and Utah Federal substantially in the
form attached hereto as Exhibit A (the "Plan of Merger"). The Plan of Merger
provides for the terms of the Merger and the manner of carrying it into effect.
The terms and conditions of the Plan of Merger are incorporated herein and made
a part hereof.
(b) Conversion of Utah Federal Common Stock. Subject to
the provisions below and in the Plan of Merger, at the Effective Time, all of
the outstanding shares of common stock, par value $10.00 per share, of Utah
Federal ("Utah Federal Common Stock") shall be converted into the right to
receive shares of common stock, no par value per share, of WMI ("WMI Common
Stock"), as described below and in the Plan of Merger.
(i) Subject to the provisions below and the
provisions of the Plan of Merger, each outstanding share of Utah Federal Common
Stock will at the Effective Time be converted into the right to receive $105.63
(the "Merger Consideration"), such consideration to be paid in newly issued
shares of WMI Common Stock, subject to the conditions set forth in this
Agreement and in the Plan of Merger. The per share value of WMI Common Stock
for the purpose of paying the Merger Consideration shall be the arithmetic
average of The Nasdaq Stock Market Closing Price of WMI Common Stock for the
ten trading days immediately preceding the third trading day before the
Effective Date (the "Average Price"). The term "The Nasdaq Stock Market
Closing Price" means the price per share of the last sale of WMI Common Stock
reported on The Nasdaq Stock Market at the close of the trading day by the
National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. The exchange ratio for
determining the number of shares of WMI Common Stock to be issued for each
share of Utah Federal Common Stock (the "Exchange Ratio") shall be the Merger
Consideration divided by the Average Price. Computations of the Average Price
and of the Exchange Ratio shall be rounded to three decimals, rounding down if
the fourth decimal is four or less or up if it is five or more. No fractional
shares of WMI Common Stock shall be issued. In lieu of any fractional shares,
any holder of Utah Federal Common Stock who would otherwise be entitled to a
fractional share of WMI Common Stock will, upon surrender of his certificate or
certificates representing Utah Federal Common Stock outstanding immediately
prior to the Effective Time, be paid the cash value of such fractional share
interest, which shall be equal to the product of the fraction multiplied by the
Average Price. For the purposes of determining any such fractional share
interests, all shares of Utah Federal Common Stock owned by a Utah Federal
stockholder shall be combined so as to calculate the maximum number of whole
shares of WMI Common Stock issuable to such Utah Federal stockholder.
(ii) If between the date of this Agreement and the
third Nasdaq Stock Market trading day prior to the Effective Time, the shares
of WMI Common Stock shall be changed into a different number of
A-1
<PAGE> 189
shares by reason of any recapitalization, split-up, combination or exchange of
shares, or if a stock dividend thereon shall be declared with a record date
within such period, the Average Price specified in Section 1(b)(i) shall be
adjusted accordingly.
(iii) If the Utah Federal Transaction Fees exceed
$150,000, then the Merger Consideration shall be reduced by an amount equal to
such excess divided by the number of shares of Utah Federal Common Stock
outstanding at the Effective Time. As used herein, "Utah Federal Transaction
Fees" means all costs and expenses of third parties paid or owed by Utah
Federal in connection with the negotiation and execution of this Agreement and
related documents, and the consummation of the transaction contemplated hereby,
including without limitation the obtaining of all necessary approvals. Prior
to the Closing, Utah Federal shall deliver to WMI a statement, in form
reasonably satisfactory to WMI, from each such third party which sets forth the
total costs and expenses owing to such third party in connection with the
consummation of the transaction contemplated hereby.
(iv) In the event that immediately prior to the
Effective Time any options or related share appreciation rights described in
Section 1(c) remain in effect and unexercised, then the per share Merger
Consideration shall be increased by an amount equal to (A) the product of the
(w) Merger Consideration (as calculated under 1(a)(i)-(iii) above) and (x) the
number of unexercised options or related share appreciation rights in effect
and unexercised immediately prior to the Effective Time, divided by (B) the
difference between (y) 142,000 and (z) the number of unexercised options or
related stock appreciation rights in effect and unexercised immediately prior
to the Effective Time.
(v) If no distribution date under WMI's
stockholder rights plan or redemption of the rights thereunder shall have
occurred prior to the Effective Time, then each share of WMI Common Stock
issued in the Merger shall also evidence one right under such plan.
(c) Stock Options. Pursuant to the Nonstatutory Stock
Option Agreement dated April 30, 1993 between Utah Federal and Michael R.
Garrett (the "Utah Federal Option Agreement"), Michael R. Garrett currently
holds options to purchase 3,000 shares of Utah Federal Common Stock, together
with related stock appreciation rights. Pursuant to the terms of the Utah
Federal Option Agreement, all options to acquire Utah Federal Common Stock and
all stock appreciation rights unexercised as of the Effective Time will
terminate at the Effective Time. It is understood that if Michael R. Garrett
exercises his options or stock appreciation rights prior to the Effective Time,
that exercise and any subsequent sale, transfer, pledge or other disposition of
the shares shall be in compliance with any applicable requirements of Section
1(f) hereof and rules and releases of the Securities and Exchange Commission
(the "SEC") relating to the requirements for a merger to qualify for pooling of
interests accounting treatment.
(d) Utah Federal Stockholders' Meeting. Utah Federal
shall, as soon as practicable, hold a meeting of its stockholders (the "Utah
Federal Stockholders' Meeting") to submit for stockholder approval (the "Utah
Federal Stockholder Approval") this Agreement and the Plan of Merger.
(e) Proxy Statement/Prospectus.
(i) The parties hereto will cooperate in the
preparation of an appropriate proxy statement/prospectus satisfying all
applicable requirements of federal and state law (such proxy
statement/prospectus in the form mailed by Utah Federal to Utah Federal
stockholders, together with any and all amendments or supplements thereto,
being herein referred to as the "Proxy Statement/Prospectus").
(ii) WMI will furnish such information concerning
WMI and its subsidiaries as is necessary in order to cause the Proxy
Statement/Prospectus, insofar as it relates to such corporations, to comply
with Section 1(e)(i). WMI agrees promptly to advise Utah Federal if at any
time prior to the Utah Federal Stockholders' Meeting any information provided
by WMI for inclusion in the Proxy Statement/Prospectus becomes incorrect or
incomplete in any material respect and to provide the information needed to
correct such inaccuracy or omission. WMI will continue to furnish Utah Federal
with such supplemental information as may be necessary in order to cause such
Proxy Statement/Prospectus, insofar as it relates to WMI and its subsidiaries,
to comply with Section 1(e)(i) after the mailing thereof to Utah Federal
stockholders.
A-2
<PAGE> 190
(iii) Utah Federal will furnish such information
concerning itself as is necessary in order to cause the Proxy
Statement/Prospectus, insofar as it relates to Utah Federal, to comply with
Section 1(e)(i). Utah Federal agrees promptly to advise WMI if at any time
prior to the Utah Federal Stockholders' Meeting any information provided by
Utah Federal for inclusion in the Proxy Statement/Prospectus becomes incorrect
or incomplete in any material respect and to provide the information needed to
correct such inaccuracy or omission. Utah Federal will continue to furnish WMI
with such supplemental information as may be necessary in order to cause such
Proxy Statement/Prospectus, insofar as it relates to Utah Federal, to comply
with Section 1(e)(i) after the mailing thereof to Utah Federal stockholders.
(iv) WMI will prepare and file with the SEC a
registration statement on Form S-4 (together with amendments thereto, the
"Registration Statement") containing the Proxy Statement/Prospectus in
connection with the registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended,
of the WMI Common Stock to be issued in connection with the Merger, will use
all reasonable efforts to have or cause the Registration Statement to become
effective as promptly as practicable, and will take any other action required
to be taken under any applicable federal or state securities laws in connection
with the issuance of WMI Common Stock in the Merger. WMI will advise Utah
Federal promptly when the Proxy Statement/Prospectus has been approved for use
in all necessary states. The parties shall cooperate with each other in taking
any other appropriate actions that may be necessary to cause the WMI Common
Stock to be issued in connection with the Merger to be registered under the
Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
(f) Accounting Treatment.
(i) The parties hereto intend for the Merger to
be treated as a pooling of interests for accounting purposes. From and after
the date of this Agreement and until the Effective Time, neither WMI, WMBfsb
nor Utah Federal nor any of their respective subsidiaries or other affiliates
(i) shall knowingly take any action, or shall knowingly fail to take any
action, that would jeopardize the treatment of the Merger as a "pooling of
interests" for accounting purposes; or (ii) shall enter into any contract,
agreement, commitment or arrangement with respect to the foregoing; provided,
however, that no action or omission by any party shall constitute a breach of
this sentence if such action or omission is permitted by the terms of this
Agreement or is made with the written consent of the other parties hereto. The
persons specified on Exhibit B-1 hereto may be deemed to be "affiliates" of
Utah Federal for purposes of the Securities and Exchange Commission's ASR 135
("ASR 135") and other rules and releases related to pooling of interests
accounting treatment. WMI has received from Ernest J. Miller a written
agreement in the form of Exhibit B-2 hereof and from each other person so
identified a written agreement in the form of Exhibit B-3 hereof. Prior to the
Effective Time, Utah Federal shall use all reasonable efforts to cause any
additional person who becomes or is identified as an "affiliate" to execute
such an agreement.
(ii) WMI shall have the right to place a
restrictive legend on all shares of WMI Common Stock to be received by an
"affiliate" so as to preclude their transfer or disposition in violation of
such letters, to instruct its transfer agent not to permit the transfer of any
such shares and/or to take any other steps reasonably necessary to ensure
compliance with ASR 135 and other rules and releases related to pooling of
interests accounting treatment. Except as otherwise permitted in Exhibit B-2
or B-3, prior to 30 days before the Effective Time, stock certificates
evidencing ownership of all Utah Federal Common Stock by Utah Federal
"affiliates" shall be delivered to Utah Federal, and Utah Federal (prior to the
Effective Time) and WMI (after the Effective Time) shall retain such
certificates or certificates of WMI Common Stock into which they are exchanged
until such time as financial results covering at least 30 days of combined
operations of the merged party shall have been published, at which time such
certificates shall be released.
(iii) Notwithstanding the above, WMI, in its sole
discretion, may elect at any time not to proceed with qualifying the Merger to
be treated as a pooling of interests for accounting purposes, in which case the
restrictions in this Section 1(f) shall no longer be applicable except as
otherwise provided in Exhibit B-2 or Exhibit B-3.
2. Effective Time; Closing. The Merger shall become effective at
the time of the occurrence of the endorsement of articles of combination by the
Office of Thrift Supervision (the "OTS"), or at such later time after such
endorsement as is specified by the OTS on the endorsement of articles of
combination. As used herein, the
A-3
<PAGE> 191
term "Effective Time" shall mean the date and time when the Merger becomes
effective. As used herein, the term "Effective Date" shall mean the day on
which the Effective Time occurs. The parties intend that the Effective Time
shall occur as soon as reasonably practicable following the satisfaction of the
conditions set out in Section 7.1(a) and (b) below. A closing (the "Closing")
shall take place prior to the Effective Time at the offices of Foster Pepper &
Shefelman, 1111 Third Avenue, Suite 3400, Seattle, Washington, or at such other
place as the parties hereto may mutually agree upon for the Closing to take
place.
3. Option to Purchase Certain Shares. As a condition of the
execution of this Agreement, WMI has required the delivery by Utah Federal of
an option (the "Option"), substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit
C, entitling WMI to purchase shares of Utah Federal Common Stock at a price per
share stated therein.
4. Representations and Warranties of Utah Federal. The "Utah
Federal Disclosure Schedules" shall mean all of the disclosure schedules
required by this Agreement, dated as of the date hereof, which have been
delivered to WMI and WMBfsb. Utah Federal hereby represents and warrants to
WMI and WMBfsb as follows:
4.1 Organization, Power, Good Standing, Etc.
(a) Utah Federal is a federally chartered savings bank
duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the
United States. Its charter is in full force and effect, and no conservator or
receiver has been appointed for Utah Federal. Utah Federal has all the
requisite corporate power and authority to own, lease and operate all of its
properties and assets and to carry on its business as currently conducted.
Utah Federal is duly licensed or qualified to do business and is in good
standing in each jurisdiction in which the nature of the business conducted by
it makes such licensing or qualification necessary and where the failure to be
so qualified would, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse
Effect (as defined below) on Utah Federal. Utah Federal accounts are insured
by the Savings Association Insurance Fund (the "SAIF") administered by the
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (the "FDIC") in accordance with the
Federal Deposit Insurance Act. Utah Federal is a member in good standing of
the Federal Home Loan Bank of Seattle. Utah Federal is a qualified thrift
lender pursuant to Section 10(m) of the Home Owners' Loan Act, as amended
("HOLA"). Utah Federal has heretofore delivered or made available to WMI true
and correct copies of its Articles of Incorporation and Charter (together, the
"Articles") and its bylaws as in effect on the date hereof. As used in this
Agreement, the term "Material Adverse Effect" with respect to a party shall
mean any change or effect that is reasonably likely to be materially adverse to
the business, operations, properties, condition (financial or otherwise),
assets or liabilities of such party and such party's subsidiaries taken as a
whole.
(b) Except for 2425 Service Corporation (the "Utah
Federal Subsidiary"), there is no firm, corporation, partnership, joint venture
or similar organization which is consolidated with Utah Federal for financial
reporting purposes or any corporation a majority of the outstanding capital
stock of which is owned by Utah Federal. All of the issued and outstanding
capital stock of the Utah Federal Subsidiary is owned by Utah Federal. The
Utah Federal Subsidiary is a corporation duly organized, validly existing and
in good standing under the laws of the State of Utah. The Utah Federal
Subsidiary has all requisite corporate power and authority to carry on its
business as currently conducted. The Utah Federal Subsidiary is duly licensed
or qualified to do business and is in good standing in each jurisdiction in
which the nature of the business conducted by it makes such licensing or
qualification necessary and where the failure to be so qualified would have a
Material Adverse Effect on Utah Federal. Disclosure Schedule 4.1(b) correctly
sets forth a list of each firm, corporation, partnership, joint venture or
similar organization in which Utah Federal has a direct or indirect
controlling, or 10 percent or greater, equity interest (an "Investment
Entity").
(c) The minute books of Utah Federal contain materially
complete and accurate records of all meetings held and other corporate action
taken, since December 31, 1991, by its stockholders and Board of Directors.
(d) Except for the Utah Federal Subsidiary or as set
forth on Disclosure Schedule 4.1(d), Utah Federal does not own (beneficially or
otherwise) any capital stock or other equity interest in any corporation or
other entity which is not an Investment Entity.
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(e) Utah Federal has previously delivered to, or made
available for inspection by, WMI or WMBfsb true and complete copies of all
agreements to which it or the Utah Federal Subsidiary is a party or by which it
or the Utah Federal Subsidiary or any of the assets of either may be bound,
other than loans, credit facility agreements or accounts in the ordinary
course, (i) which relate to any ownership interest by Utah Federal or the Utah
Federal Subsidiary of an equity interest in any partnership, joint venture, or
similar enterprise, (ii) pursuant to which either Utah Federal or the Utah
Federal Subsidiary may be required to transfer funds in respect of an equity
interest to, make an investment in, or guarantee or assume any debt, dividend
or other obligation of, any person or entity, partnership, joint venture or
similar enterprise, or (iii) pursuant to which Utah Federal or the Utah Federal
Subsidiary is or may become an equity investor in a real estate project.
4.2 Capitalization. The authorized capital stock of Utah
Federal consists of 500,000 shares of Utah Federal Common Stock and 50,000
shares of preferred stock, par value $10.00 per share ("Utah Federal Preferred
Stock"). As of the date hereof, 139,000 shares of Utah Federal Common Stock
and no shares of Utah Federal Preferred Stock were issued and outstanding. No
shares of stock are held in Utah Federal's treasury, and, except for the
repurchase of 1,000 shares of Utah Federal Common Stock described on Disclosure
Schedule 4.2, Utah Federal has not in the past two years repurchased or retired
any shares of its capital stock. All of the issued and outstanding shares of
Utah Federal Common Stock and Utah Federal Preferred Stock have been duly
authorized, validly issued, and are fully paid and non-assessable, with no
personal liability attaching to the ownership thereof. There are 3000 shares
of Utah Federal Common Stock reserved for issuance upon the exercise of
outstanding employee stock options but not for any other reason. Disclosure
Schedule 4.2 sets forth a list of all stockholders of record of Utah Federal
and the number of shares owned by each and a list of all individuals who hold
stock options, the number of shares for which options have been granted to such
individuals and the exercise price for each option. Except as set forth in
Disclosure Schedule 4.2, neither Utah Federal nor the Utah Federal Subsidiary
is bound by any outstanding subscriptions, options, warrants, calls,
commitments or agreements of any character calling for the transfer, purchase,
or issuance of any shares of its capital stock or any securities representing
the right to purchase or otherwise receive any shares of its capital stock or
any securities convertible into or representing the right to purchase or
subscribe for any such shares, and there are no agreements or understandings to
which Utah Federal or the Utah Federal Subsidiary is a party with respect to
voting any such shares.
4.3 Loan Portfolio.
(a) All evidences of indebtedness in current principal
amount in excess of $150,000 reflected as assets in the Utah Federal December
31, 1995 Financial Statements (as hereinafter defined) were, as of December 31,
1995, in all respects binding obligations of the respective obligors named
therein and no such indebtedness is subject to any defenses which have been
asserted on or prior to the date hereof, or, to the best knowledge of Utah
Federal, may be asserted, except as set forth on Disclosure Schedule 4.3(a),
and except for defenses arising from applicable bankruptcy, insolvency,
moratorium or other similar laws relating to creditors' rights and general
principles of equity. To the knowledge of Utah Federal, all such indebtedness
in a current principal amount in excess of $25,000 that is primarily secured by
an interest in personal or real property is secured by a valid and perfected
lien.
(b) All loans with a balance in excess of $250,000 as of
December 31, 1995 which either are unsecured or are secured by property other
than 1-4 family residences are listed on Disclosure Schedule 4.3(b), which
indicates, for each such loan, the loan number, the borrower's name and the
unpaid balance as of December 31, 1995.
(c) Except as disclosed on Disclosure Schedule 4.3(c), no
loan, all or any part of which is an asset of Utah Federal was, as of December
31, 1995, more than 30 days delinquent.
(d) The documentation for each loan (the "Loan File") is
correct and complete to the extent that all Loan Files contain those documents
necessary for Utah Federal to enforce the loans and realize upon the security,
if any, therefor, including but not limited to properly executed notes or
credit agreements and security documents. In addition, the Loan Files for all
loans secured primarily by real property also contain evidence of property
casualty insurance (or are covered by a mortgage protection policy) and, where
required by the OTS or
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other governmental regulators, appraisals, policies of title insurance (or, in
the case of loans closed within the past three months, commitments therefor)
and policies of flood insurance.
(e) Each outstanding loan or commitment to extend credit
was solicited and originated and is administered in accordance with the
relevant loan documents and in material compliance with all requirements of
federal, state and local laws and regulations applicable at the time the loan
was originated or modified.
(f) Except as disclosed on Disclosure Schedule 4.3(f),
none of the loans in which Utah Federal has sold participation interests has
any buy-back or guarantee obligations. The percentage of interest retained by
Utah Federal in any sold participation interest is not subordinated to the
percentage of interest sold.
(g) There are no employee, officer, director or other
affiliate loans on which the borrower is paying a rate other than that
reflected on the note or the relevant credit agreement.
(h) Utah Federal's allowance for possible credit losses
as of September 30, 1995, and December 31, 1995, was adequate to absorb
reasonably anticipated losses in the credit portfolio of Utah Federal
(including losses on loans, financing leases and other extensions of credit),
in view of the size and character of such portfolio, current economic
conditions, and other pertinent factors; and no facts have subsequently come to
the attention of management of Utah Federal which would cause it to restate in
any material way the level of such allowance.
(i) There are no loans, financing leases, or other
extensions of credit or commitments to extend credit that, to Utah Federal's
knowledge, should have been classified by Utah Federal as "Other Assets
Especially Mentioned," "Substandard," "Doubtful," "Loss," or any comparable
classification that are not so classified.
(j) Except as set forth on Schedule 4.3(j), Utah Federal
has no loans secured by commercial real estate. These loans are described by
borrower's name, loan number and unpaid principal loan balance on Schedule
4.3(j). Utah Federal makes no representations or warranties as to the
environmental condition of the properties securing the loans shown on Schedule
4.3(j) and no Phase I environmental studies shall be required by WMI or WMBfsb
on such properties in connection with the transaction contemplated by this
Agreement.
(k) Except for residential loan commitments issued in the
ordinary course of business and except as shown on Disclosure Schedule 4.3(k),
as of December 31, 1995, Utah Federal has no outstanding commitments, including
outstanding letters of credit, repurchase agreements and unfunded agreements to
lend, in excess of $250,000.
4.4 Reports.
(a) Utah Federal has duly filed with the OTS in correct
form in all material respects, the monthly, quarterly, semiannual and annual
reports required to be filed by it under all applicable savings association and
securities laws and regulations for all periods subsequent to December 31,
1992. Utah Federal has previously delivered or made available to WMI or WMBfsb
accurate and complete copies of such reports.
(b) Utah Federal has previously delivered or made
available to WMI or WMBfsb an accurate and complete copy of each (a) final
proxy statement and report delivered by Utah Federal to its stockholders since
June 30, 1992, and (b) other communications (other than general advertising
materials) mailed by Utah Federal to its stockholders since June 30, 1992 and
no such proxy statement, report or communication, as of its date, contained any
untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state any material fact
required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements
therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not
misleading.
4.5 Authority. Utah Federal has requisite corporate
power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement, the Option and the
Plan of Merger and, subject to the Utah Federal Stockholder Approval and
applicable regulatory approvals, to consummate the transactions contemplated
hereby and thereby. The execution and delivery of this Agreement, the Option
and the Plan of Merger and the consummation of the
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transactions contemplated hereby and thereby have been duly and validly
approved by the Board of Directors of Utah Federal. This Agreement and the
Option have been duly and validly executed and delivered by Utah Federal.
Assuming the due authorization, execution and delivery hereof by the other
parties hereto, this Agreement and the Option constitute the valid and binding
obligation of Utah Federal, enforceable against it in accordance with their
respective terms.
4.6 No Violation. Neither the execution and delivery of
this Agreement, the Option or the Plan of Merger nor the consummation by Utah
Federal of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby, nor compliance by
Utah Federal with any of the terms or provisions hereof or thereof, will (i)
assuming Utah Federal Stockholder Approval, violate any provision of the
Articles or bylaws of Utah Federal, (ii) assuming the consents and approvals
referred to in Section 7.1 hereof are duly obtained, violate any statute, code,
ordinance, rule, regulation, judgment, order, writ, decree or injunction
applicable to Utah Federal or any of its respective properties or assets, or
(iii) except as set forth on Disclosure Schedule 4.6, violate, conflict with,
result in a breach of any provisions of, constitute a default (or an event
which, with notice or lapse of time, or both, would constitute a default)
under, result in the termination of, accelerate the performance required by, or
result in the creation of any lien, security interest, charge or other
encumbrance upon any of the properties or assets of Utah Federal under any of
the terms, conditions or provisions of any note, bond, mortgage indenture, deed
of trust, license, lease, agreement or other instrument or obligation to which
Utah Federal is a party, or by which it or any of its properties or assets may
be bound or affected, except with respect to (iii) above, for such violations,
conflicts, breaches, defaults, terminations, accelerations and encumbrances
which would not in the aggregate have a Material Adverse Effect on Utah
Federal.
4.7 Consents and Approvals. Except for (i) consents and
approvals of or filings, deliveries or registrations with the SEC, the OTS, the
United States Department of Justice (the "Justice Department"), or other
applicable governmental authorities, (ii) the approval of the stockholders of
Utah Federal and (iii) the consents, approvals, filings or registrations set
forth on Disclosure Schedule 4.7, no consents or approvals of or filings or
registrations with any third party or public body or authority, except for
consents, approvals, filings or registrations where the failure to obtain such
consents or approvals or to make such filings or registrations would not
prevent or delay the Merger and would not in the aggregate have a Material
Adverse Effect on Utah Federal, are necessary in connection with the execution
and delivery by Utah Federal of this Agreement and the consummation of the
transactions contemplated hereby.
4.8 Financial Statements.
(a) Utah Federal has previously delivered or made
available to WMI or WMBfsb copies of (i) the statements of financial condition
of Utah Federal as of September 30, in each of the three fiscal years 1993,
1994, and 1995, and the related consolidated statements of income, statements
of stockholders' equity and statements of cash flows for each of the three year
periods ending, respectively, on September 30, 1993, 1994 and 1995, in the case
of 1993 accompanied by the Utah Federal audit reports of KPMG Peat Marwick LLP
and in the case of 1994 and 1995 accompanied by the Utah Federal audit reports
of Anderson, Peterson & Co., P.C. ("Anderson Peterson"), independent public
accountants, with respect to Utah Federal (the "Utah Federal 1993, 1994 and
1995 Financial Statements," respectively), and (ii) the unaudited consolidated
balance sheet of Utah Federal as of December 31, 1995 and the related unaudited
consolidated statements of income for the three- month period then ended (the
"Utah Federal December 1995 Financial Statements"). The consolidated
statements of condition of Utah Federal referred to herein (including the
related notes) fairly present the consolidated financial position of Utah
Federal as of the respective dates set forth therein, and the other financial
statements referred to herein (including the related notes) fairly present the
results of the consolidated operations and changes in stockholders' equity and
cash flows of Utah Federal for the respective fiscal periods or as of the
respective dates set forth therein, except that interim unaudited financial
statements are subject to normal year-end adjustments.
(b) Each of the financial statements referred to in
Section 4.8(a) (including the related notes) has been prepared in accordance
with generally accepted accounting principles consistently applied during the
periods involved (except as indicated in the notes thereto). The books and
records of Utah Federal have been, and are being, maintained in accordance with
applicable legal and accounting requirements and reflect only actual
transactions.
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4.9 Brokerage. Except for amounts owed to Columbia
Financial Advisors, Inc. in connection with a fairness opinion, there are no
claims for investment banking fees, brokerage commissions, finder's fees or
similar compensation arising out of or due to any act of Utah Federal in
connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
4.10 Absence of Certain Changes or Events. As of the date
hereof, except as disclosed in Disclosure Schedule 4.10, there has not been any
material adverse change in the business, operations, properties, assets or
financial condition of Utah Federal from that described in Utah Federal 1995
Financial Statements or the Utah Federal December 1995 Financial Statements
(except for changes resulting from market and economic conditions which
generally affect the savings bank industry as a whole, including, without
limitation changes in law or regulation, and changes in generally accepted
accounting principles or interpretations thereof) and, to the best of Utah
Federal's knowledge, no fact or condition existed as of the date hereof that
Utah Federal had reason to believe would cause such a material adverse change
after the date hereof.
4.11 Litigation, Etc. As of the date hereof, except as
disclosed on Disclosure Schedule 4.11, there were no actions, suits, claims,
inquiries, proceedings or, to the knowledge of Utah Federal, investigations
before any court, commission, bureau, regulatory, administrative or
governmental agency, arbitrator, body or authority pending or, to the knowledge
of Utah Federal, threatened against Utah Federal which would reasonably be
expected to result in any liabilities, including defense costs, in excess of
$50,000 in the aggregate. Except as disclosed on Disclosure Schedule 4.11,
Utah Federal is not subject to any order, judgment or decree and Utah Federal
is not in default with respect to any such order, judgment or decree.
4.12 Taxes and Tax Returns.
(a) The amounts set up as provisions for taxes on the
Utah Federal December 1995 Financial Statements are sufficient for all material
accrued and unpaid federal, state, county and local taxes, interest and
penalties of Utah Federal, whether or not disputed, for the period ended
December 31, 1995 and for all fiscal periods prior thereto. Utah Federal has
not entered into any agreements or understandings with the Internal Revenue
Service or other applicable taxing authorities to extend or waive any statute
of limitations or time for assessment. Complete and correct copies of the
income tax returns of Utah Federal for the five fiscal years ending December
31, 1994, as filed with the Internal Revenue Service and all state, county and
local taxing authorities, together with all related correspondence and notices,
have previously been delivered or made available to WMI or WMBfsb.
(b) Utah Federal has timely and correctly filed all
federal, state, county and local tax and other returns and reports
(collectively, "Returns") required by applicable law to be filed (including,
without limitation, estimated tax returns, income tax returns, excise tax
returns, sales tax returns, use tax returns, property tax returns, franchise
tax returns, information returns and withholding, employment and payroll tax
returns), except to the extent that the failure to timely or correctly file
such Returns does not result in aggregate penalties or assessments of more than
$25,000, and has paid all taxes, levies, license and registration fees, charges
or withholdings of any nature whatsoever shown by such Returns to be owed, or
which are otherwise due and payable (hereinafter called "Taxes"), and to the
extent any material liabilities for Taxes have not been fully discharged, full
and complete reserves have been established on the Utah Federal 1995 Financial
Statements. Utah Federal is not in default in the payment of any Taxes due or
payable or any assessments received in respect thereof except for Taxes which
are being contested in good faith. No additional assessments of Taxes are
known to Utah Federal to be proposed, pending or threatened, other than Taxes
for periods for which returns are not yet filed.
(c) Utah Federal has not filed a consent to the
application of Section 341(f) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.
4.13 Employees; Employee Benefit Plans.
(a) Except as set forth on Disclosure Schedule 4.13(a),
as of the date hereof, Utah Federal is not a party to or bound by any contract,
arrangement or understanding (whether written or oral) with respect to the
employment or compensation of any officers, employees or consultants and except
as provided herein, and under those Benefit Plans (as defined below) set forth
on Disclosure Schedule 4.13(a), consummation of the transactions
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contemplated by this Agreement will not (either alone or upon the occurrence of
any additional acts or events) result in any payment (whether of severance pay
or otherwise) becoming due from Utah Federal to any officer or employee
thereof. Utah Federal has previously delivered or made available to WMI or
WMBfsb true and complete copies of all employment, consulting and deferred
compensation agreements that are in writing, to which Utah Federal is a party.
(b) Except as set forth on Disclosure Schedule 4.13(b),
as of the date hereof, no officer or employee of Utah Federal is receiving
aggregate remuneration (bonus, salary and commissions) at a rate which, if
annualized, would exceed $60,000 in 1996.
(c) Except as disclosed on Disclosure Schedule 4.13(c),
as of the date hereof, there are not, and have not been at any time in the past
three years, any actions, suits, claims or proceedings before any court (which
have been served on Utah Federal), commission, bureau, regulatory,
administrative or governmental agency, arbitrator, body or authority pending
or, to the best of Utah Federal's knowledge, threatened by any employees,
former employees or other persons relating to the employment practices or
activities of Utah Federal (except for threatened actions which have
subsequently been resolved). Utah Federal is not a party to any collective
bargaining agreement, and no union organization efforts are pending or, to the
best of Utah Federal's knowledge, threatened nor have any occurred during the
last three years.
(d) Utah Federal has made available to WMI or WMBfsb true
and complete copies of all personnel codes, practices, procedures, policies,
manuals, affirmative action programs and similar materials.
(e) With respect to all employee benefit plans, Utah
Federal represents and warrants as follows:
(i) All employee benefit plans, as defined in
Section 3(3) of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended
("ERISA"), and any other pension, bonus, deferred compensation, stock bonus,
stock purchase, post-retirement medical, hospitalization, health and other
employee benefit plan, program or arrangement, whether formal or informal,
under which Utah Federal has any obligation or liability, or under which any
employee or former employee has any rights to benefits or any "cafeteria
plans," as described in Section 125 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as
amended (the "Code") (together, the "Benefit Plans") are set forth on
Disclosure Schedule 4.13(e)(i). Except as set forth on Disclosure Schedule
4.13(e)(i), none of the Benefit Plans is subject to Title IV of ERISA, is a
"multiemployer plan," as such term is defined in Section 3(37) and 4001(a)(3)
of ERISA and Section 414(f) of the Code, or is subject to the funding
requirements of Section 412 of the Code or Title I, Subtitle B, Part 3 of
ERISA.
(ii) All employee benefit plans, as defined in
Section 3(3) of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended
("ERISA"), and any other pension, bonus, deferred compensation, stock bonus,
stock purchase, post-retirement medical, hospitalization, health and other
employee benefit plan, program or arrangement, whether formal or informal,
under which Utah Federal has any obligation or liability, or under which any
employee or former employee has any rights to benefits or any "cafeteria
plans," as described in Section 125 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as
amended (the "Code") (together, the "Benefit Plans") are set forth on
Disclosure Schedule 4.13(e)(i).
(iii) In all material respects, except as discussed
on Disclosure Schedule 4.13(e)(ii), the terms of the Benefit Plans are, and the
Benefit Plans have been administered, in accordance with the requirements of
ERISA, the Code, applicable law and the respective plan documents. Except as
disclosed on Disclosure Schedule 4.13(e)(ii), none of the Benefit Plans is
under audit or is the subject of an investigation by the Internal Revenue
Service, the U.S. Department of Labor or any other federal or state
governmental agency. Except as disclosed on Disclosure Schedule 4.13(e)(ii),
all material reports and information required to be filed with, or provided to,
the United States Department of Labor, Internal Revenue Service, the Pension
Benefit Guaranty Corporation (the "PBGC") and plan participants and
beneficiaries with respect to each Benefit Plan have been timely filed or
provided. With respect to each Benefit Plan for which an annual report has
been filed, no material change has occurred with respect to the matters covered
by the most recent annual report since the date thereof.
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(iv) Utah Federal is not aware of any facts
regarding any Benefit Plan which is an "employee pension benefit plan" as
defined in Section 3(2) of ERISA (collectively, the "Employee Pension Benefit
Plans") that would present a significant risk that any Employee Pension Benefit
Plan would not be determined by the appropriate District Director of the
Internal Revenue Service to be "qualified" within the meaning of Section 401(a)
of the Code, or with respect to which any trust maintained pursuant thereto is
not exempt from federal income taxation pursuant to Section 501 of the Code, or
with respect to which a favorable determination letter could not be issued by
the Internal Revenue Service with respect to each such Employee Pension Benefit
Plan.
(v) Prior to the Closing, Utah Federal shall
deliver or make available to WMI or WMBfsb complete and correct copies (if any)
of (w) the most recent Internal Revenue Service determination letter relating
to each Employee Pension Benefit Plan intended to be tax qualified under
Section 401(a) and 501(a) of the Code, (x) the most recent annual report (Form
5500 Series) and accompanying schedules of each Benefit Plan, filed with the
Internal Revenue Service or an explanation of why such annual report is not
required, (y) the most current summary plan description for each Benefit Plan,
and (z) the most recent audited financial statements of each Benefit Plan.
(vi) With respect to each Benefit Plan, all
contributions, premiums or other payments due or required to be made to such
plans as of the Effective Time have been or will be made or accrued prior to
the Effective Time.
(vii) To the best of Utah Federal's knowledge,
there are not now, nor have there been, any "prohibited transactions", as such
term is defined in Section 4975 of the Code or Section 406 of ERISA, involving
Utah Federal, or any officer, director or employee of Utah Federal, with
respect to the Benefit Plans that could subject Utah Federal or any other
party-in-interest to the penalty or tax imposed under Section 502(i) of ERISA
and Section 4975 of the Code.
(viii) As of the date hereof, no claim, lawsuit,
arbitration or other action has been instituted, asserted (and no such lawsuit
has been served on Utah Federal) or, to the best of Utah Federal's knowledge,
threatened by or on behalf of such Benefit Plan or by any employee alleging a
breach or breaches of fiduciary duty or violations of other applicable state or
federal law with respect to such Benefit Plans, which could result in liability
on the part of Utah Federal or a Benefit Plan under ERISA or any other law, nor
is there any known basis for successful prosecution of such a claim, and WMI or
WMBfsb will be notified promptly in writing of any such threatened or pending
claim arising between the date hereof and the Closing.
(ix) Except as may be required by the Consolidated
Omnibus Budget and Reconciliation Act of 1985, as amended ("COBRA"), no Benefit
Plan which is an employee welfare benefit plan (within the meaning of Section
3(1) of ERISA) provides for continuing benefits or coverage for any participant
or beneficiary of a participant after such participant's termination of
employment nor does Utah Federal have any current or projected liability under
any such plans.
(x) Utah Federal has not maintained or
contributed to, and does not currently maintain or contribute to, any severance
pay plan. All payments (other than regular wages and vacation pay) made to
employees of Utah Federal coincident with or in connection with termination of
employment since January 1, 1994 are disclosed on Disclosure Schedule
4.13(e)(ix).
(xi) No individual will accrue or receive any
additional benefits, service, or accelerated rights to payment or vesting of
benefits under any Benefit Plan, or otherwise obtain rights to any "parachute
payment," as defined in Section 280G(b)(2) of the Code, as a result of the
transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
(xii) Utah Federal has complied in all material
respects with all of the requirements of COBRA.
4.14 Utah Federal Information. The information relating
to Utah Federal to be contained in the Proxy Statement/Prospectus contemplated
by Section 1(e) hereof will not, at the time it is filed with the
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applicable governmental authorities, as of the date thereof, or at the date
actions of Utah Federal stockholders are taken with respect to the transactions
contemplated therein, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit
to state a material fact necessary to make such statements, in light of the
circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading.
4.15 Compliance With Applicable Law.
(a) Except as set forth on Disclosure Schedule 4.15(a),
each of Utah Federal and the Utah Federal Subsidiary holds all licenses,
certificates, franchises, permits and other governmental authorizations
("Permits") necessary for the lawful conduct of its respective businesses and
such Permits are in full force and effect, and Utah Federal is in all respects
complying therewith, except where the failure to possess or comply with such
Permits would not have a Material Adverse Effect on Utah Federal.
(b) Except as set forth on Disclosure Schedule 4.15(b),
each of Utah Federal and the Utah Federal Subsidiary is and for the past three
years has been in compliance with all foreign, federal, state and local laws,
statutes, ordinances, rules, regulations and orders applicable to the
operation, conduct or ownership of its business or properties except for any
noncompliance which is not reasonably likely to have in the aggregate a
Material Adverse Effect on Utah Federal.
4.16 Contracts and Agreements.
As of the date hereof, except as disclosed in Disclosure
Schedule 4.16, (i) except with respect to deposits or other borrowings in the
ordinary course of business, Utah Federal is not a party to or bound by any
commitment, contract, agreement or other instrument which involves or could
involve aggregate future payments by Utah Federal of more than $25,000, (ii)
Utah Federal is not a party to nor was it bound by any commitment, contract,
agreement or other instrument which is material to the business, operations,
properties, assets or financial condition of Utah Federal and (iii) no
commitment, contract, agreement or other instrument other than Utah Federal's
charter documents, to which Utah Federal is a party or by which it is bound,
limits the freedom of Utah Federal to compete in any line of business or with
any person.
4.17 Affiliate Transactions.
(a) Except as disclosed in Disclosure Schedule 4.17 or in
Utah Federal's proxy statements relating to its annual meetings of
stockholders, and except as specifically contemplated by this Agreement, since
January 1, 1992, Utah Federal has not engaged in, or is not currently obligated
to engage in (whether in writing or orally), any transaction with any
Affiliated Person (as defined below) involving aggregate payments by or to Utah
Federal of $60,000 or more during any consecutive 12 month period.
(b) For purposes of this Section 4.17, "Affiliated
Person" means:
(i) a director, executive officer or Controlling
Person (as defined below) of Utah Federal;
(ii) a spouse of a director, executive officer or
Controlling Person of Utah Federal;
(iii) a member of the immediate family of a
director, executive officer, or Controlling Person of Utah Federal who has the
same home as such person;
(iv) any corporation or organization (other than
Utah Federal) of which a director, executive officer or Controlling Person of
Utah Federal (w) is a chief executive officer, chief financial officer, or a
person performing similar functions; (x) is a general partner; (y) is a limited
partner who, directly or indirectly, either alone or with his spouse and the
members of his immediate family who are also Affiliated Persons, owns an
interest of five percent or more in the partnership (based on the value of his
contribution) or who, directly or indirectly through other directors, executive
officers and Controlling Persons of Utah Federal and their spouses and their
immediate family members who are also Affiliated Persons, owns an interest in
25 percent or more of the
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partnership; or (z) directly or indirectly either alone or with his spouse and
the members of his immediate family who are also Affiliated Persons, owns or
controls ten percent or more of any class of equity securities, or owns or
controls, with other directors, executive officers, and Controlling Persons of
Utah Federal and their spouses and their immediate family members who are also
Affiliated Persons, 25 percent or more of any class of equity securities;
(v) any trust or estate in which a director,
executive officer, or Controlling Person of Utah Federal or the spouse of such
person has a substantial beneficial interest or as to which such person or his
spouse serves as trustee or in a similar fiduciary capacity.
(c) For purposes of this Section 4.17 "Controlling
Person" means any person or entity which, either directly or indirectly, or
acting in concert with one or more other persons or entities owns, controls or
holds with power to vote, or holds proxies representing ten percent or more of
the outstanding Utah Federal Common Stock.
(d) For purposes of this Section 4.17, the term
"director" means any director, trustee, or other person performing similar
functions with respect to any organization whether incorporated or
unincorporated.
(e) For purposes of this Section 4.17, the term
"executive officer" means the president, any executive vice president, any
senior vice president, the secretary, the treasurer, the comptroller, and any
other person performing similar functions with respect to any organization
whether incorporated or unincorporated.
4.18 Disclosure. To the knowledge of Utah Federal, no
representation or warranty of Utah Federal contained in this Agreement, and no
statement contained in the Disclosure Schedules delivered by Utah Federal
hereunder, contains any untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state a
material fact necessary in order to make a statement herein or therein, in
light of the circumstances under which it was made, not misleading.
4.19 Title to Property.
(a) Real Property. Disclosure Schedule 4.19(a) contains
a true and correct description of all interests in real property (other than
real property security interests received in the ordinary course of business),
whether owned, leased or otherwise claimed, including a list of all leases of
real property, in which Utah Federal has or claims an interest as of the date
hereof and any guarantees of any such leases by Utah Federal. True and
complete copies of such leases have previously been delivered or made available
to WMI or WMBfsb, together with all amendments, modifications, agreements or
other writings related thereto. Except as disclosed on Disclosure Schedule
4.19(a), each such lease is legal, valid and binding as between Utah Federal
and the other party or parties thereto, and the occupant is a tenant or
possessor in good standing thereunder, free of any default or breach whatsoever
and quietly enjoys the premises provided for therein. Except as disclosed on
Disclosure Schedule 4.19(a), Utah Federal has good, valid and marketable title
to all real property owned by it on the date hereof, free and clear of all
mortgages, liens, pledges, charges or encumbrances of any nature whatsoever,
except liens for current Taxes not yet due and payable, and such encumbrances
and imperfections of title, if any, as do not materially detract from the value
of the properties and do not materially interfere with the present or proposed
use of such properties or otherwise materially impair such operations. All
real property and fixtures material to the business, operations or financial
condition of Utah Federal are in substantially good condition and repair.
(b) Environmental Matters. Except as set forth on
Disclosure Schedule 4.19(b), to the knowledge of Utah Federal, the real
property owned or leased by Utah Federal on the date hereof does not contain
any underground storage tanks, asbestos, ureaformaldehyde, uncontained
polychlorinated biphenyls, or, except for materials which are ordinarily used
in office buildings and office equipment such as janitorial supplies and do not
give rise to financial liability therefor under the hereafter defined
Environmental Laws, releases of hazardous substances as such terms may be
defined by all applicable federal, state or local environmental protection laws
and regulations ("Environmental Laws"). As of the date hereof (i) no part of
any such real property has been listed, or to the knowledge of Utah Federal,
proposed for listing on the National Priorities List pursuant to the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act ("CERCLA")
or on a registry or inventory of inactive hazardous waste sites maintained by
any state, and, (ii) except as set forth on Disclosure
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Schedule 4.19(b), no notices have been received alleging that Utah Federal was
a potentially responsible person under CERCLA or any similar statute, rule or
regulation. Utah Federal knows of no violation of law, regulation, ordinance
(including, without limitation, laws, regulations and ordinances with respect
to hazardous waste, zoning, environmental, city planning or other similar
matters) relating to its respective properties, which violations could have in
the aggregate a Materially Adverse Effect on Utah Federal.
(c) Personal Property. Disclosure Schedule 4.19(c)
contains a true and correct list of (i) each item of machinery, equipment, or
furniture, including without limitation computers and vehicles, of Utah
Federal, included on the Utah Federal December 1995 Financial Statements at a
carrying value of, or, if acquired after December 31, 1995, for a purchase
price of, more than $25,000, (ii) each lease or other agreement under which any
such item of personal property is leased, rented, held or operated where the
current fair market value of such item is more than $25,000 and (iii) all
trademarks, trade names or service marks currently used, owned, or registered
for use by Utah Federal. Except as disclosed on Schedule 4.19(c), Utah Federal
has good, valid and marketable title to all personal property owned by it, free
and clear of all liens, pledges, charges or encumbrances of any nature
whatsoever.
4.20 Insurance. Disclosure Schedule 4.20 contains a true
and complete list and a brief description (including name of insurer, agent,
coverage and expiration date) of all insurance policies in force on the date
hereof with respect to the business and assets of Utah Federal (other than
insurance policies under which Utah Federal is named as a loss payee or
additional insured as a result of its position as a secured lender). Utah
Federal is in compliance with all of the material provisions of its insurance
policies and are not in default under any of the terms thereof. Each such
policy is outstanding and in full force and effect and, except as set forth on
Disclosure Schedule 4.20, Utah Federal is the sole beneficiary of such
policies. All premiums and other payments due under any such policy have been
paid. Utah Federal has previously delivered to, or made available for
inspection by, WMI or WMBfsb each insurance policy to which Utah Federal is a
party (other than insurance policies under which Utah Federal is named as a
loss payee or additional insured as a result of its position as a secured
lender).
4.21 Powers of Attorney. Utah Federal has no powers of
attorney outstanding other than those issued pursuant to the requirements of
regulatory authority or in the ordinary course of business with respect to
routine matters.
4.22 Benefit Plans Invested in Common Stock. Except for
the Utah Federal Option Agreement, shares of Utah Federal Common Stock are not
available to individuals, directly or indirectly, through any Benefit Plan, and
no Benefit Plan is invested in Utah Federal Common Stock.
4.23 Community Reinvestment Act Compliance. Utah Federal
is in substantial compliance with the applicable provisions of the Community
Reinvestment Act of 1977 and the regulations promulgated thereunder
(collectively, "CRA"). Utah Federal has not been advised of the existence of
any fact or circumstance or set of facts or circumstances which, if true, would
cause Utah Federal to fail to be in substantial compliance with such provisions
or to have its current rating lowered. Any change in the current rating which
would prohibit the Merger from being consummated shall be a material adverse
change in the business of Utah Federal.
4.24 Agreements with Bank Regulators. Utah Federal is not
a party to or is subject to any written order, decree, agreement or memorandum
of understanding with, or a party to any commitment letter or similar
undertaking to, or is a recipient of any currently applicable extraordinary
supervisory letter from, any federal or state governmental agency or authority
charged with the supervision or regulation of depository institutions or the
insurance of deposits therein which is outside the ordinary course of business
or not generally applicable to entities engaged in the same business. Utah
Federal has not been advised within the last 18 months by any such regulatory
authority that such authority is contemplating issuing, requiring or requesting
(or is considering the appropriateness of issuing, requiring or requesting) any
such order, decree, agreement, memorandum of understanding, commitment letter
or submission.
5. Representations and Warranties of WMI and WMBfsb. WMI and
WMBfsb hereby represent and warrant to Utah Federal as follows:
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5.1 Corporate Organization.
(a) WMI is a corporation duly organized, validly existing
and in good standing under the laws of the State of Washington. WMI has all
the requisite power and authority to own, lease and operate all of its
properties and assets and to carry on its business as it is currently
conducted, and is duly licensed or qualified to do business and is in good
standing in each jurisdiction in which the nature of business conducted by it
makes such licensing or qualification necessary and where failure to be so
qualified would, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse
Effect on WMI. WMI owns all of the outstanding capital stock of WMBfsb. WMI
is a savings and loan holding company duly registered and in good standing with
the OTS.
(b) WMBfsb is a federally-chartered stock savings bank
duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the
United States. WMBfsb has all the requisite power and authority to own, lease
and operate all of its properties and assets and to carry on its business as it
is currently conducted, and is duly licensed or qualified to do business and is
in good standing in each jurisdiction in which the nature of the business
conducted by it makes such licensing or qualification necessary and where
failure to be so qualified would, individually or in the aggregate, have a
Material Adverse Effect on WMI. WMBfsb accounts are insured by the SAIF,
administered by the FDIC, to the fullest extent permitted by law.
5.2 Authority.
(a) WMI has full corporate power and authority to execute
and deliver this Agreement, the Plan of Merger and the Option, and, subject to
applicable regulatory approvals, to consummate the transactions contemplated
hereby. The execution and delivery of this Agreement, the Plan of Merger and
the Option and consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby have been
duly and validly approved by the Board of Directors of WMI. This Agreement and
the Option have been duly and validly executed and delivered by WMI and,
assuming the due authorization, execution and delivery thereof by the other
parties thereto, constitute valid and binding obligations of WMI, enforceable
against it in accordance with their respective terms.
(b) WMBfsb has full corporate power and authority to
execute and deliver this Agreement and the Plan of Merger, and, subject to
applicable regulatory approvals, to consummate the transactions contemplated
hereby and thereby. The execution and delivery of this Agreement and the Plan
of Merger and consummation of the transactions hereby have been duly and
validly approved by the Board of Directors of WMBfsb and by the Board of
Directors of the stockholder of WMBfsb. This Agreement has been duly and
validly executed and delivered by WMBfsb and, assuming the due authorization,
execution and delivery thereof by the other parties thereto, constitute a valid
and binding obligation of WMBfsb, enforceable against it in accordance with its
respective terms.
5.3 No Violation. Neither the execution and delivery of
this Agreement, the Option and the Plan of Merger by WMI and WMBfsb nor the
consummation by WMI and WMBfsb of the transactions contemplated hereby and
thereby, nor compliance by WMI and WMBfsb with any of the terms hereof or
thereof, will (i) violate any provision of the Articles of Incorporation or
charter or bylaws of WMI or WMBfsb, or (ii) assuming that the consents and
approvals referred to in Section 7.1 are duly obtained, violate any statute,
code, ordinance, rule, regulation, judgment, order, writ, decree or injunction
applicable to WMI or WMBfsb or any of their respective properties or assets, or
(iii) violate, conflict with, result in the breach of any provisions of,
constitute a default (or an event which, with notice or lapse of time, or both,
would constitute a default) under, result in the termination of, accelerate the
performance required by, or result in the creation of any lien, security
interest, charge or other encumbrance upon any of the respective properties or
assets of WMI or WMBfsb under, any of the terms, conditions or provisions of
any note, bond, mortgage, indenture, deed of trust, license, lease, agreement
or other instrument or obligation to which WMI or WMBfsb is a party, or by
which they or any of their respective properties or assets may be bound or
affected, except with respect to (iii) above, for such violations, conflicts,
breaches, defaults, terminations, accelerations or encumbrances which in the
aggregate will not prevent or delay the consummation of the transactions
contemplated hereby.
5.4 Consents and Approvals. Except for consents and
approvals of or filings or registrations with the SEC, the OTS, the Justice
Department and other applicable governmental authorities, no consents or
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approvals of or filings or registrations with any third party or any public
body or authority, except for consents, approvals, filings or registrations
where the failure to obtain such consents or approvals or to make such filings
or registrations would not prevent or delay the Merger and would not in the
aggregate have a Material Adverse Effect on WMI, are necessary in connection
with the execution and delivery by WMI and WMBfsb of this Agreement and the
Plan of Merger.
5.5 WMI Information. The information relating to WMI and
its subsidiaries supplied by WMI for inclusion in the Proxy
Statement/Prospectus contemplated by Section 1(e) hereof will not, at the time
the Proxy Statement/Prospectus is filed with the applicable governmental
authorities, as of the date of such Proxy Statement/Prospectus or at the date
stockholder action is taken with respect to the transactions contemplated
therein, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a
material fact necessary to make such statements, in light of the circumstances
under which they were made, not misleading.
5.6 Sufficient Resources. WMI has and will have
available at the Effective Time sufficient authorized but unissued shares of
WMI Common Stock, to enable it lawfully to satisfy its payment obligations
pursuant to this Agreement. WMI has and will have sufficient management and
financial resources to obtain the required regulatory approvals for the Merger.
On the date of this Agreement, there is no pending or, to the knowledge of WMI
or WMBfsb, threatened legal or governmental proceeding against WMI or any
subsidiary or affiliate thereof which would affect WMI's or WMBfsb's ability to
obtain any of the required regulatory approvals or satisfy any of the other
conditions required to be satisfied in order to consummate the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement. WMI will promptly notify Utah Federal if any
of the representations contained in this Section 5.6 ceases to be true and
correct.
5.7 Capitalization, Investments. The authorized capital
stock of WMI as of February 20, 1996 consists of 100,000,000 shares of common
stock, no par value per share, of which 65,939,292 shares (excluding shares
held by a subsidiary of WMI) were, as of December 31, 1995, duly issued and
outstanding, fully paid and nonassessable, and 10,000,000 shares of preferred
stock, of which 6,122,500 shares were, as of December 31, 1995, issued and
outstanding. As used herein, "WMI Subsidiaries" shall mean WMBfsb, Washington
Mutual Bank, WM Financial, Inc., Murphey Favre, Inc., Composite Research &
Management Co. and WM Life Insurance Co. Substantially all of the business of
WMI and its subsidiaries is done through WMI and the WMI Subsidiaries. All of
the WMI Subsidiaries' capital stock, which is issued and outstanding, is owned
by WMI directly or indirectly through wholly-owned subsidiaries. There are
outstanding no options, convertible securities, warrants or other rights to
purchase or acquire capital stock from any of the WMI Subsidiaries, there is no
commitment of any of the WMI Subsidiaries to issue any of the same. The common
stock of WMI to be issued in the Merger will have been duly authorized and,
when issued in accordance with the Plan of Merger, (i) will be validly
authorized and issued and fully paid and nonassessable and no stockholder of
WMI will have any preemptive rights thereto and (ii) will be registered under
the Securities Act of 1933 and listed for trading on a national securities
exchange or The Nasdaq Stock Market.
5.8 Financial Statements. WMI has made available to Utah
Federal audited consolidated statements of financial condition for WMI and its
subsidiaries as of the end of WMI's last three fiscal years, and audited
consolidated statements of (i) operations, (ii) stockholders' equity, and (iii)
cash flows for each of the last three fiscal years, including the notes to such
audited consolidated financial statements, together with the reports of WMI's
independent certified public accountants, pertaining to such audited
consolidated financial statements. For purposes of this Agreement, the "WMI
Statement" shall mean the audited consolidated statement of financial condition
for WMI and its subsidiaries as of December 31, 1995 (including the notes
thereto). The aforesaid audited consolidated statements of financial condition
and the WMI Statement present fairly the financial condition of the companies
indicated on a consolidated basis at the dates thereof, using generally
accepted accounting principles consistently applied. Such audited consolidated
statements of (i) operations, (ii) stockholders' equity, (iii) cash flows, and
(iv) financial position present fairly the results of the operations of the
companies indicated on a consolidated basis for the periods or at the dates
indicated, using generally accepted accounting principles consistently applied.
Except as and to the extent reflected or reserved against in the WMI Statement,
or as otherwise disclosed pursuant to this Agreement, neither WMI nor any of
its subsidiaries had, at the date thereof, any material liabilities or
obligations, or any other liabilities or obligations which in the aggregate
would be material, secured or unsecured (whether accrued, absolute, contingent
or otherwise), including, without limitation,
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any tax liabilities, which should be reflected in the WMI Statement in
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles consistently applied.
The books and records of WMI and its subsidiaries are maintained in accordance
with generally accepted accounting principles consistently applied.
5.9 Absence of Material Adverse Change. Since December
31, 1995, except as set forth on Disclosure Schedule 5.9 hereto, there has been
(i) no material adverse change in the financial condition, business or results
of operations of WMI and its subsidiaries taken as a whole (except for changes
resulting from market and economic conditions which generally affect the
savings industry as a whole), (ii) no loss, destruction or damage to the
properties of WMI or any of its subsidiaries, which loss, destruction, or
damage is material to WMI and its subsidiaries taken as a whole and is not
adequately covered by insurance; and (iii) no change in any of the accounting
methods or practices or revaluation of any of the assets of WMI or its
subsidiaries which is material to WMI and its subsidiaries taken as a whole.
Since such date, WMI and its subsidiaries taken as a whole, have conducted
their businesses, in all material respects, in compliance with applicable
federal, state and local laws, statutes, ordinances and regulations.
5.10 Litigation. Except as set forth on Disclosure
Schedule 5.10 hereto, no action, suit, counterclaim or other litigation,
investigation or proceeding to which WMI or any of its subsidiaries is a party
is pending, or is known by the executive officers of WMI or any of its
subsidiaries to be threatened, against WMI or any of its subsidiaries before
any court or governmental or administrative agency, domestic or foreign which
would be reasonably expected to result in any liabilities which would, in the
aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect on WMI. Neither WMI nor any of its
subsidiaries is subject to any order, judgment or decree nor is it a party to
any supervisory agreement or arrangement, consensual or otherwise, with any
regulatory authority. Neither WMI nor any of its subsidiaries is in default
with respect to any such order, judgment, decree, agreement or arrangement.
5.11 Brokerage. There are no claims for investment
banking fees, brokerage commissions, finder's fees or similar compensation
arising out of or due to any act of WMI or any of its subsidiaries in
connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
5.12 Reports. WMI and WMBfsb (or their predecessors) have
duly filed with the Washington Director of Financial Institutions (or his
predecessor), the FDIC and the OTS, in correct form, the monthly, quarterly,
semi-annual and annual reports required to be filed by them under applicable
regulations for all periods subsequent to December 31, 1991. WMI and WMBfsb
have previously delivered or made available to Utah Federal accurate and
complete copies of such reports. WMI (or its predecessor) has timely filed all
reports required to be filed by it pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, as amended (the "Securities Exchange Act") and the rules and regulations
promulgated thereunder. WMI has previously delivered or made available to Utah
Federal an accurate and complete copy of each (i) offering circular, definitive
proxy statement filed by it or its predecessor since June 30, 1992 with the
FDIC or the SEC, and (ii) communication (other than general advertising
materials) mailed by each of them to its stockholders since June 30, 1992 and
no such offering circular, proxy statement or communication, as of its date,
contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state any
material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the
statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made,
not misleading.
5.13 Disclosure. To the knowledge of WMI and WMBfsb, no
representation or warranty of WMI or WMBfsb contained in this Agreement, and no
statement contained in the Disclosure Schedules delivered by WMI or WMBfsb,
contains any untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state a material
fact necessary in order to make a statement herein or therein, in light of the
circumstances under which it was made, not misleading.
5.14 CRA Compliance. WMBfsb is in substantial compliance
with the applicable provisions of CRA. WMBfsb has not been advised of the
existence of any fact or circumstance or set of circumstances which, if true,
would cause WMBfsb to fail to be in substantial compliance with such
provisions.
5.15 Agreements With Bank Regulators. Neither WMI nor
WMBfsb has been a party to or has been subject to any written order, decree,
agreement or memorandum of understanding with, or any commitment letter or
similar undertaking to, or has been a recipient of any extraordinary
supervisory letter from,
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any federal or state governmental agency or authority charged with the
supervision or regulation of depository institutions or the insurance of
deposits therein which is outside the ordinary course of business or not
generally applicable to entities engaged in the same business. Neither WMI nor
WMBfsb has been advised by any such regulatory authority that such authority is
contemplating issuing, requiring or requesting (or is considering the
appropriateness of issuing, requiring or requesting) any such order, decree,
agreement, memorandum of understanding, commitment letter or submission.
5.16 Compliance With Applicable Law.
(a) WMI and each WMI Subsidiary holds all Permits
necessary for the lawful conduct of their respective businesses and such
Permits are in full force and effect, and WMI and each WMI Subsidiary are in
all material respects complying therewith, except where the failure to possess
or comply with such Permits would not have a Material Adverse Effect on WMI.
(b) Except as set forth on Disclosure Schedule 5.16(b),
WMI and each WMI Subsidiary is and since December 31, 1992 has been in
compliance with all foreign, federal, state and local laws, statutes,
ordinances, rules, regulations and orders applicable to the operation, conduct
or ownership of its business or properties except for any noncompliance which
has not and will not have in the aggregate a Material Adverse Effect on WMI.
6. Covenants of the Parties.
6.1 Conduct of the Business of Utah Federal. During the
period from the date of this Agreement to the Effective Time, Utah Federal will
conduct the business of Utah Federal and will engage in transactions only in
the ordinary course and consistent with past practice and with prudent banking
practice, except with the written consent of WMI (which will not be
unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned). During such period, Utah
Federal will use its best efforts to (x) preserve the business organizations of
Utah Federal intact, (y) keep available to it and to WMI and WMBfsb the present
services of the employees of Utah Federal, and (z) preserve for itself and for
WMI and WMBfsb the goodwill of the customers of Utah Federal and others with
whom business relationships exist. In addition, without limiting the
generality of the foregoing, Utah Federal agrees that from the date hereof to
the Effective Time, except as otherwise consented to or approved by WMI in
writing (which consent or approval shall not be unreasonably withheld, delayed
or conditioned) or as permitted or required by this Agreement or as required by
law (in which case Utah Federal shall notify WMI in writing), Utah Federal will
not:
(a) change any provisions of its Articles or bylaws or
any similar governing documents of Utah Federal;
(b) change the number of shares of its authorized or
issued capital stock (other than issuance of stock as a result of the exercise
of options issued as of the date hereof and described on Disclosure Schedule
4.2) or issue, grant or amend any option, warrant, call, commitment,
subscription, right to purchase or agreement of any character relating to the
authorized or issued capital stock of Utah Federal, or any securities
convertible into shares of such stock, or split, combine or reclassify any
shares of its capital stock, or declare, set aside or pay any dividend, or
other distributions (whether in cash, stock or property or any combination
thereof) in respect of the capital stock of Utah Federal, or redeem or
otherwise acquire any shares of such capital stock;
(c) except as permitted pursuant to Section 6.13 hereof,
grant any severance or termination pay to or enter into or amend any employment
agreement with, or increase the amount of payments or fees to, any of its
employees, officers or directors other than salary increases to employees
(other than those executing Employment Agreements) consistent with past
increases;
(d) make any capital expenditures in excess of (i)
$40,000 per project or related series of projects or (ii) $200,000 in the
aggregate, other than pursuant to binding commitments existing on the date
hereof and expenditures necessary to maintain existing assets in good repair;
(e) make application for the opening of any, or open any,
new branches;
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(f) make application for the relocation or closing of
any, or relocate or close any, branches;
(g) change in any material manner its lending or pricing
policies or approval policies for making loans, its investment policies, its
asset/liability management policies or any other material banking policies;
(h) make any loan or issue a commitment for any loan
except for loans and commitments that are made in the ordinary course of
business consistent with past practice at rates not less than prevailing market
rates or issue or agree to issue any letters of credit or otherwise guarantee
the obligations of any other persons except in the ordinary course of business
consistent with past practice;
(i) acquire assets other than those necessary in the
conduct of its business in the ordinary course;
(j) sell, transfer, assign, encumber or otherwise dispose
of assets other than has been customary in its ordinary course of business;
(k) enter into or amend or terminate any long-term
(one-year or more) contracts (including real property leases) except for
contracts of deposit at Utah Federal not otherwise restricted under this
Agreement which are in the ordinary course of business consistent with past
practice and not in excess of prevailing market rates and except for agreements
for Utah Federal to lend money not otherwise restricted under this Agreement
which are in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice and
provide for not less than prevailing market rates of interest);
(l) enter into or amend any contract (other than
contracts for deposits at Utah Federal or agreements for Utah Federal to lend
money not otherwise restricted under this Agreement) that calls for the payment
by Utah Federal of $25,000 or more after the date of this Agreement (a
"Material Contract") that cannot be terminated on not more than 30 days' notice
without cause and without payment or loss of any material amount as a penalty,
bonus, premium or other compensation for termination;
(m) engage or participate in any material transaction or
incur or sustain any material obligation except for transactions otherwise
permitted under this Section 6.1 which are in the ordinary course of business
consistent with past practices and which are of similar kinds and involve
similar amounts;
(n) make any contributions to any Benefit Plans except in
such amounts and at such times as consistent with past practice;
(o) increase the number of full time equivalent employees
of Utah Federal above 84;
(p) except after having followed reasonable procedures
with respect to the investigation of potential environmental problems, which
procedures have been approved in writing by WMI (which approval shall not be
unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned), foreclose upon or otherwise
acquire (whether by deed in lieu of foreclosure or otherwise) any real property
(other than 1-to-4 family residential properties in the ordinary course of
business); or
(q) agree to do any of the foregoing.
The parties agree that between the date hereof and Closing they shall
reasonably cooperate with each other and work together in good faith to (i)
ensure that commercial checking accounts opened by Utah Federal are done so in
a manner consistent with past practice, (ii) ensure that loans made to persons
or entities located in Nevada or secured by property located in Nevada are made
in a manner consistent with past practice, and (iii) wind down by Closing any
securities brokerage activities conducted by Utah Federal or the Utah Federal
Subsidiary or in or adjacent to Utah Federal branches.
6.2 No Solicitation. Neither Utah Federal nor any of its
directors, officers, representatives, agents or other persons controlled by any
of them, shall, directly or indirectly encourage or solicit, or (except to
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the extent that the directors of Utah Federal in their good faith judgment
after receipt of advice of counsel determine that such response is reasonably
required in order to discharge their fiduciary duties) hold discussions or
negotiations with, or provide any information to, any person, entity or group
other than WMBfsb or WMI concerning any merger, sale of substantial assets not
in the ordinary course of business, sale of shares of capital stock or similar
transactions involving Utah Federal, or any division. Utah Federal will
promptly communicate to WMI the terms of any proposal that it may receive in
respect of any such transaction. Notwithstanding the foregoing two sentences,
if the board of directors of Utah Federal receives an unsolicited offer or
inquiry with respect to such a transaction, the board may respond to such offer
if the board determines in its good faith judgment (after receiving advice of
counsel) that such response is reasonably required in order to discharge its
fiduciary duties.
6.3 Current Information.
(a) No later than ten days after the date of this
Agreement, Utah Federal and WMI shall each designate an individual acceptable
to the other party (a "Designated Representative" and, together, the
"Designated Representatives") to be the primary point of contact between the
parties. During the period from the date of their designation to the Effective
Time, the Designated Representatives or their representatives shall confer on a
regular basis so that WMBfsb and WMI are kept advised as to the general status
of the ongoing operations of Utah Federal. Without limiting the foregoing,
Utah Federal agrees to confer with the WMI Designated Representative regarding
any proposed significant changes to Utah Federal's asset/liability management
policies and objectives. Utah Federal agrees to provide access to members of
WMI's and WMBfsb's acquisition team and to work with them in order to plan,
prepare for and facilitate the coordination of the parties' data processing
systems with each other as well as other matters arising from the Merger. Utah
Federal will promptly notify the WMI Designated Representative or his or her
representatives of any material change in the normal course of business or in
the operation of the properties of Utah Federal or of any governmental
complaints, investigations or hearings (or communications indicating that the
same may be contemplated) or the institution or the threat of any litigation
involving Utah Federal, and have kept and will keep the WMI Designated
Representative or his or her representatives fully informed of such events and
the progress of any already existing litigation.
(b) WMI shall immediately notify the Utah Federal
Designated Representative if it appears that there has occurred any change in
its financial or other condition or any other event that will or may affect
WMI's ability to complete the Merger or have a Material Adverse Effect on WMI.
6.4 Access to Properties and Records; Confidentiality.
(a) Utah Federal shall permit WMI and WMBfsb reasonable
access to its properties, and shall disclose and make available to WMI and
WMBfsb all books, papers and records relating to the assets, stock, ownership,
properties, obligations, operations and liabilities of Utah Federal, including
but not limited to, all books of account (including the general ledger), tax
records, minute books of directors and stockholders meetings, organizational
documents, bylaws, material contracts and agreements, filings with any
regulatory authority, accountants work papers, litigation files, plans
affecting employees, and any other business activities or prospects in which
WMBfsb or WMI may have a reasonable interest, including, without limitation,
all loan files in each case during normal business hours and upon reasonable
notice. Utah Federal shall not be required to provide access to or disclose
information where such access or disclosure would jeopardize the
attorney-client privilege of Utah Federal or would contravene any law, rule,
regulation, order, judgment, decree or binding agreement entered into prior to
the date hereof. The parties will use all reasonable efforts to make
appropriate substitute disclosure arrangements under circumstances in which the
restrictions of the preceding sentence apply.
(b) All information furnished by Utah Federal to WMBfsb
or WMI or the representatives or affiliates of either pursuant to, or in any
negotiation in connection with, this Agreement shall be treated as the sole
property of Utah Federal until consummation of the Merger and, if the Merger
shall not occur, WMBfsb, WMI and their affiliates, agents and advisers shall
upon written request return to Utah Federal, all documents or other materials
containing, reflecting, referring to such information, and shall keep
confidential all such information and shall not disclose or use such
information for competitive purposes. The obligation to keep such information
confidential shall not apply to (i) any information which (w) WMBfsb or WMI can
establish by convincing evidence was already in its possession (subject to no
obligations of confidentiality) prior to the disclosure thereof by Utah
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Federal; (x) was then generally known to the public; (y) becomes known to the
public other than as a result of actions by WMI or WMBfsb or by the directors,
officers or employees or agents of either; or (z) was disclosed to WMI or
WMBfsb, or to the directors, officers or employees of either, solely by a third
party not bound by any obligation of confidentiality; (ii) disclosure in
accordance with the federal securities laws, federal banking laws, or pursuant
to an order of a court or agency of competent jurisdiction; or (iii) disclosure
permitted pursuant to the letter to WMI from Utah Federal dated December 14,
1995.
(c) All information furnished by WMI or its subsidiaries
to Utah Federal or the representatives or affiliates of Utah Federal pursuant
to, or in any negotiation in connection with, this Agreement shall be treated
as the sole property of WMI until consummation of the Merger and, if the Merger
shall not occur, Utah Federal and its affiliates, agents and advisors shall
upon written request return to WMI, all documents or other materials
containing, reflecting, referring to such information, and shall keep
confidential all such information and shall not disclose or use such
information for competitive purposes. The obligation to keep such information
confidential shall not apply to (i) any information which (w) Utah Federal can
establish by convincing evidence was already in its possession (subject to no
obligations or confidentiality) prior to the disclosure thereof by Utah
Federal; (x) was then generally known to the public; (y) becomes known to the
public other than as a result of actions by Utah Federal or by the directors,
officers or employees or agents of Utah Federal; or (z) was disclosed to Utah
Federal, or to the directors, officers or employees of Utah Federal, solely by
a third party not bound by any obligation of confidentiality; (ii) disclosure
in accordance with the federal securities laws, federal banking laws, or
pursuant to an order of a court or agency of competent jurisdiction; or (iii)
disclosure permitted pursuant to the letter to Utah Federal from WMI dated
December 14, 1995.
6.5 Reports.
(a) As soon as reasonably available, but in no event more
than 45 days after the end of each fiscal quarter ending after the date hereof
(other than the last quarter of any fiscal year), Utah Federal will deliver to
WMBfsb or WMI its quarterly report filed with the OTS. As soon as reasonably
available but in no event more than 120 days after the end of each fiscal year
ending after the date hereof, Utah Federal will deliver to WMI its annual
report as filed with the OTS.
(b) As soon as reasonably available, but in no event more
than 45 days after the end of each fiscal quarter ending after the date hereof
(other than the last quarter of any fiscal year), WMI will deliver to Utah
Federal its quarterly report on Form 10-Q, as filed under the Securities
Exchange Act. As soon as reasonably available, but in no event more than 120
days after the end of each fiscal year ending after the date of this Agreement,
WMI will deliver to Utah Federal its annual report on Form 10-K as filed under
the Securities Exchange Act.
6.6 Regulatory Matters.
(a) The parties hereto will cooperate with each other and
use all reasonable efforts to prepare all necessary documentation, to effect
all necessary filings and to obtain all necessary permits, consents, approvals
and authorizations of all third parties and governmental bodies necessary to
consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement including, without
limitation, those that may be required from the SEC, the OTS, the Justice
Department, other regulatory authorities, or the holders of Utah Federal Common
Stock. WMI and Utah Federal shall each have the right to review reasonably in
advance all information relating to WMI or Utah Federal, as the case may be,
and any of their respective subsidiaries, together with any other information
reasonably requested, which appears in any filing made with or written material
submitted to any governmental body in connection with the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement.
(b) WMI and Utah Federal shall furnish each other with
all reasonable information concerning themselves, their subsidiaries,
directors, officers and stockholders and such other matters as may be necessary
or advisable in connection with the Proxy Statement/Prospectus, or any other
statement or application made by or on behalf of WMI or Utah Federal, or any of
their respective subsidiaries to any governmental body in connection with the
Merger and the other transactions, applications or filings contemplated by this
Agreement.
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(c) WMI and Utah Federal will promptly furnish each other
with copies of written communications received by WMI or Utah Federal or any of
their respective subsidiaries from, or delivered by any of the foregoing to,
any governmental body in respect of the transactions contemplated hereby.
6.7 Approval of Utah Federal Stockholders. Utah Federal
will (a) take all steps necessary duly to call, give notice of, convene and
hold a meeting of its stockholders as soon as practicable for the purpose of
voting on this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby and with the
consent of WMI (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, delayed or
conditioned), for such other purposes as may be necessary or desirable, (b)
include in the Proxy Statement/Prospectus the recommendation of Utah Federal's
Board of Directors that the stockholders approve this Agreement and the other
transactions contemplated hereby and such other matters as may be submitted to
its stockholders in connection with this Agreement, (c) cooperate and consult
with WMI with respect to each of the foregoing matters, and (d) use all
reasonable efforts to obtain, as promptly as practicable, the necessary
approvals by Utah Federal stockholders of this Agreement and the transactions
contemplated hereby, except, in each case, where the directors of Utah Federal
determine in their good faith judgment (after receiving advice of counsel) that
they are required to do otherwise in order to discharge their fiduciary duties.
6.8 Further Assurances. Subject to the terms and
conditions herein provided, each of the parties hereto agrees to use all
reasonable efforts to take, or cause to be taken, all action and to do, or
cause to be done, all things necessary, proper or advisable under applicable
laws and regulations to consummate and make effective the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement.
6.9 Disclosure Supplements.
(a) As soon as practicable after the end of each calendar
quarter ending after the date hereof, at such other times as WMI may reasonably
request and at least five business days prior to Closing, Utah Federal will
promptly supplement or amend the Disclosure Schedules delivered in connection
herewith with respect to any matter hereafter arising which, if existing,
occurring or known at the date of this Agreement would have been required to be
set forth or described in such Schedules or which is necessary to correct any
information in such Schedules which has been rendered inaccurate thereby.
Notwithstanding this provision, no supplement or amendment to such Disclosure
Schedules shall have any effect for the purpose of determining satisfaction of
the conditions hereinafter set forth in Section 7.2 or the compliance by Utah
Federal with the covenants set forth in Section 6 hereof, nor shall the
delivery of any such supplement or amendment in and of itself be deemed to
constitute an admission by Utah Federal of any omission from, or any
incorrectness or inaccuracy of, any information previously delivered pursuant
hereto.
(b) As soon as practicable after the end of each calendar
quarter ending after the date hereof, at such other times as Utah Federal may
reasonably request and at least five business days prior to Closing, WMI and
WMBfsb will promptly supplement or amend the Disclosure Schedules delivered in
connection herewith with respect to any matter hereafter arising which, if
existing, occurring or known at the date of this Agreement would have been
required to be set forth or described in such Schedules or which is necessary
to correct any information in such Schedules which has been rendered inaccurate
thereby. Notwithstanding this provision, no supplement or amendment to such
Disclosure Schedules shall have any effect for the purpose of determining
satisfaction of the conditions hereinafter set forth in Section 7.3 or the
compliance by WMI or WMBfsb with the covenants set forth in Section 6 hereof.
6.10 Public Announcements. Neither party will issue or
distribute any information to its shareholders or employees, any news releases
or any other public information disclosures with respect to this Agreement or
any of the transactions contemplated hereby without the consent of the other
party, except as may be otherwise required by law.
6.11 Failure to Fulfill Conditions. In the event that WMI
or Utah Federal determines that a condition to its obligation to consummate the
transactions contemplated hereby cannot be, or is not likely to be, fulfilled
on or prior to November 30, 1996, and that it will not waive that condition, it
will promptly notify the other party.
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6.12 Assignment of Contract Rights. Utah Federal shall
obtain any consents, waivers or revisions necessary to allow WMI or WMBfsb to
accede to all of the rights of Utah Federal under any existing real property
leases and all material personal property leases, licenses and other contracts,
including without limitation loan servicing contracts, which WMI wishes to have
continue in effect after the Effective Time, without incurring substantial
costs in connection therewith. WMI will offer its reasonable cooperation with
Utah Federal in obtaining such consents, waivers and revisions, it being
understood that the obligation to obtain such consents, waivers and revisions
shall nevertheless be the obligation of Utah Federal.
6.13 Employees; Employee Benefit Plans.
(a) Except as otherwise provided herein, all employees of
Utah Federal as of the Effective Time will continue as at will employees of
WMBfsb after the Effective Time.
(b) Employees of Utah Federal who are terminated without
cause by WMI, WMBfsb or any other subsidiary of WMI within one year after the
Effective Date shall be eligible for severance pay according to the terms of
the Washington Mutual Severance Plan, as amended and restated effective
November 30, 1994, provided that WMI shall amend that Severance Plan to
incorporate the terms of this Section 6.13(b).
All eligibility requirements in the Washington Mutual Severance Plan
shall apply, except that during the one year period after the Effective Date,
if a Utah Federal employee is terminated without cause it shall not be a
condition of eligibility that the termination was done as part of a general
reduction in the size of the work force or because the position was being
eliminated.
Severance payments shall be paid in a lump sum on the first regular
pay date following the date that any termination is effective. During the one
year period after the Effective Time, severance payments for Utah Federal
employees shall be computed as follows:
Non-officer: 1/2 month per year of service; maximum three
months total pay.
Officer (as set out on Disclosure Schedule 6.13(b)): 1/2
month per year of service; maximum six months total pay.
It is understood and agreed that any employees terminated by Utah
Federal prior to the Effective Time will not receive any severance described
above but shall receive the severance payment, if any, to which they are
entitled under the Utah Federal severance plan.
As used above in this Section 6.13(b), the term "year of service"
shall mean a full year of service, except that any person having at least six
months of service shall be deemed to have one full year of service (it being
understood, for example, that a person with 18 months shall be treated as only
having one year). In computing such severance payments for regular part-time
employees, their per month compensation shall be based on the average number of
hours worked per month while employed by Utah Federal in 1995. Utah Federal
employees who are terminated "for cause" shall receive no severance payments.
In the case of each of Val J. Peterson and Georgia S. Goodell, each
shall be paid an amount equal to three times his or her currently monthly
salary if he or she remains with Utah Federal until closing and is not offered
a position with WMBfsb after the Effective Time. Such payment shall be in
addition to the severance payments described above to which such person may be
entitled.
In the case of Michael R. Garrett, in the event he receives the
payment described in Section 7(b)(i) of the Employment Agreement dated April
28, 1993 between Michael R. Garrett and Utah Federal, then Michael R. Garrett
shall not be eligible to receive any severance payments described above.
As used in this Section 6.13(b), termination "for cause" shall mean
termination because (i) the employee engages in abusive use of alcohol or other
drugs on a continuing or recurring basis, (ii) the employee is convicted of a
crime (other than a traffic violation), or (iii) WMI or WMBfsb determines in
good faith that the employee has engaged in dishonesty, fraud, destruction or
theft of WMI or WMBfsb property, physical attack to a fellow
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employee, willful malfeasance or gross negligence in the performance of his or
her duties, or misconduct materially injurious to WMI or WMBfsb.
(c) All employees of Utah Federal who continue as
employees of WMI, WMBfsb or any other subsidiary of WMI shall receive service
credit for employment with Utah Federal, but not with any other employer unless
service credit is required under section 414(a) of the Code or sections
1.411(a)-5(b)(3)(iv)-(v) of the Treasury Regulations, for purposes of
satisfying all eligibility and vesting requirements in the WMI Retirement
Savings and Investment Plan, the WMI Cash Balance Pension Plan, and the WMI
Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan and for purposes of eligibility and
calculation of benefits in the WMI Employee Stock Purchase Program, the WMI
Severance Plan, the WMI Service Award Plan, the WMI Long Term Disability Plan,
and all other fringe benefit programs and payroll practices, including
temporary disability and vacation pay.
(d) Utah Federal shall not establish any Benefit Plan and
shall not amend or terminate any Benefit Plan without the consultation and
approval of WMI; provided, however, that WMI has decided that it is in its
business interests to have Utah Federal begin termination proceedings with
respect to the Utah Federal Profit Sharing Plan prior to Closing and Utah
Federal hereby agrees to begin such proceedings which may or may not be
completed prior to Closing.
(e) Utah Federal shall not disseminate or make available
any memoranda, notices, plan summaries, or other communications regarding
employment or the Benefit Plans without the consultation and approval of WMI or
the Plan Administration Committee of WMI.
(f) Effective as of the Effective Time, all employees of
Utah Federal shall, at the option of WMI, either continue to participate in the
Benefit Plans that are in effect immediately prior to the Effective Time or
become participants in similar WMI employee benefit plans, practices and
policies (the "WMI Benefit Plans") on the same terms and conditions as
similarly situated employees of WMI or its subsidiaries. If any of the
employees of Utah Federal shall become eligible to participate in any WMI
Benefit Plans that provide medical, hospitalization or dental benefits, WMI and
WMBfsb shall waive any pre-existing condition exclusions and actively at work
requirements (but shall not waive general requirements of formal employment
with WMI or WMBfsb).
(g) All employees of Utah Federal will be entitled to
payment for all accrued but unused vacation days, up to the accrual limit
allowed by Utah Federal; the cost of such payments shall be reserved for by
Utah Federal prior to the Effective Time. All sick leave or short-term
disability accrued and not used by employees of Utah Federal prior to the
Effective Time shall be maintained by WMI or WMBfsb after the Effective Time up
to the accrual limit allowed by Utah Federal. From and after the Effective
Time, all vacation time, sick leave and short-term disability shall accrue at
the same rate as for similarly situated WMBfsb employees up to the accrued
limit for such WMBfsb employees.
(h) All officers and other employees of Utah Federal
shall be entitled to receive immediately prior to the Effective Time a bonus
incentive payment for the portion of the current year up to the Effective Time.
Bonus incentive payments shall be paid to eligible officers and employees under
either Utah Federal's bonus incentive plan or a contract with Utah Federal (but
not under both). The amount of such payments shall be calculated in accordance
with the plan and applicable contracts in a manner consistent with past
practice. The calculations shall be made on a pro rata basis for the portion
of the applicable year up to the Effective Time (so that, by way of example, if
the Effective Time is July 31, 1996, then the amount of the payment under the
plan shall be 7/12ths of what would be the payment for an entire year). Utah
Federal represents that it is its customary practice to accrue the amount of
such payments monthly, it has done so through January 1996, and it will
continue to do so up to the Effective Time. Eligibility to receive the bonus
payments described in this Section 6.13(h) shall be in lieu of eligibility to
participate in any WMI or WMBfsb cash bonus or cash incentive plan for the
portion of 1996 up to the Effective Time (it being understood that WMI may
amend any such plans to incorporate the terms of this Section 6.13(h)).
6.14 Indemnification of Utah Federal Directors and
Officers.
(a) WMI and WMBfsb will use all reasonable efforts, in
cooperation with Utah Federal, to arrange for insurance coverage (with at least
as much dollar coverage as Utah Federal's directors and officers have
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under their current policy) for prior acts for all current and former directors
and officers of Utah Federal, provided that such coverage must be available
from normal carriers at a reasonable cost in light of the cost of similar
policies under similar circumstances. WMI and WMBfsb shall not cancel such
prior acts coverage for three years after the Effective Date.
(b) From and after the Effective Time, WMBfsb will, to
the extent permitted by then applicable law and to the extent they would have
been indemnified by Utah Federal, indemnify current and former directors,
officers and employees of Utah Federal (each an "Indemnified Party") as though
they had been directors, officers and/or employees of WMBfsb, for acts or
omissions occurring prior to, and including, the Effective Time. In no event
shall WMBfsb or its affiliates have any liability to indemnify Ernest J. Miller
for liabilities or costs incurred in connection with the matter described in
item number 4 on Disclosure Schedule 4.2.
Any Indemnified Party wishing to claim indemnification under this
provision shall, upon learning of any claim, action, suit, proceeding or
investigation (hereinafter a "Claim"), promptly notify WMBfsb thereof. WMBfsb
shall have the right to assume the defense of any such Claim and upon so doing
shall not thereafter be liable to such Indemnified Party for any expenses, of
other counsel or otherwise, subsequently incurred by such Indemnified Party in
connection with such Claim. If WMBfsb elects not to assume such defense, or
counsel for the Indemnified Party advises that there are issues which raise
conflicts of interest between WMBfsb and the Indemnified Party, the Indemnified
Party may retain counsel satisfactory to such Indemnified Party and WMBfsb will
pay all reasonable fees and expenses of such counsel incurred in defending the
Claim; provided, however, that (i) in the event that more than one Indemnified
Party is involved in the same Claim, WMBfsb shall not be obligated to pay for
more than one firm of counsel for all Indemnified Parties in any one
jurisdiction (unless counsel for the Indemnified Parties advises that there are
issues which raise conflicts of interest between the Indemnified Parties), (ii)
the Indemnified Parties will cooperate in the defense of the Claim, and (iii)
WMBfsb shall not be liable for any settlement effected without its prior
written consent. If, upon the conclusion of the proceedings in any Claim, it
is determined by WMBfsb that the Indemnified Party was not entitled to such
indemnification, such party shall be required to reimburse WMBfsb for all cost
expended in defending such Indemnified Party.
(c) This Section 6.14 is intended to be for the benefit
of, and shall be enforceable by, the Indemnified Parties, their heirs and
personal representatives and shall be binding on WMBfsb and its successors and
assigns.
6.15 Post-Closing Financial Statements. WMI agrees to use
all reasonable efforts to file an 8-K with the SEC within 20 calendar days
after the end of the first full calendar month deemed by Deloitte & Touche LLP
to satisfy the requirement of ASR 135 with respect to the time period required
for post-Merger financial results following the Effective Time (except if such
month is the last month of a calendar quarter), which 8-K shall include
financial results covering at least 30 days of post-merger combined operations
of WMI and Utah Federal in accordance with ASR 135.
6.16 Post-Merger Actions. Following the Merger, neither
WMI nor any of its affiliates shall take any action which will adversely affect
the federal income tax treatment of the transaction to the stockholders of Utah
Federal including, without limitation failing to continue at least one
significant historic business line of Utah Federal or to use at least a
significant portion of Utah Federal's historic assets in a business, in each
case within the meaning of Treas. Reg. Section 1.368-1(d). This Section 6.16
is intended to benefit the stockholders of Utah Federal.
6.17 Current Public Information. WMI shall continue to
satisfy the current public information requirements of Rules 144 and 145 of the
SEC with respect to the WMI Common Stock, and to provide affiliates of Utah
Federal with such information as they may reasonably require and to otherwise
cooperate with them to facilitate sales of WMI Common Stock in compliance with
Rules 144 and 145 of the SEC.
7. Closing Conditions.
7.1 Conditions to Each Party's Obligations Under This
Agreement. The respective obligations of each party under this Agreement to
consummate the Merger shall be subject to the fulfillment at or prior to the
Effective Time of the following conditions:
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(a) This Agreement and the transactions contemplated
hereby shall have been approved by the requisite vote of the stockholders of
Utah Federal.
(b) All necessary regulatory or governmental approvals
and consents required to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby shall
have been obtained and shall remain in full force and effect and all statutory
or regulatory waiting periods in respect thereof shall have expired.
(c) No party hereto shall be subject to any order, decree
or injunction of a court or agency of competent jurisdiction which enjoins or
prohibits the consummation of the Merger.
(d) Tax Opinion. An opinion shall be obtained from
Foster Pepper & Shefelman in a form reasonably satisfactory to WMI and Utah
Federal with respect to federal income tax laws substantially to the effect
that:
(i) The Merger will qualify as a "reorganization"
under Section 368(a) of the Code.
(ii) No gain or loss will be recognized by a
stockholder of Utah Federal who, pursuant to the Agreement, exchanges shares of
Utah Federal Common Stock solely for shares of WMI Common Stock.
(iii) Subject to the provisions and limitations of
Section 302 of the Code, gain or loss will be recognized with respect to each
stockholder of Utah Federal who holds shares of Utah Federal Common Stock and
who, pursuant to the exercise of dissenter rights, exchanges such shares solely
for cash.
(iv) The payment of cash to a Utah Federal
stockholder in lieu of a fractional share of WMI Common Stock will be treated
as a distribution in redemption of the fractional share interest, such
stockholder will be taxed on the cash received in accordance with the
provisions and limitations of Section 302 of the Code and, in general, such
distribution in redemption will be treated as a payment in exchange for such
fractional share interest.
(v) The aggregate basis of the WMI Common Stock
received by a Utah Federal stockholder who exchanges Utah Federal Common Stock
for WMI Common Stock will be the same as the aggregate basis of the Utah
Federal Common stock surrendered in exchange therefor (reduced by the basis
allocable to any fractional share for which cash is received).
(vi) The holding period of the WMI Common Stock
received by a Utah Federal stockholder will include the period during which the
Utah Federal Common Stock surrendered in exchange therefore was held (if such
Utah Federal Common Stock was held by such Utah Federal stockholder as a
capital asset at the Effective Time).
(vii) Gain or loss recognized in exchange for a
fractional share or if Utah Federal Common Stock is converted into cash by
exercise of dissenter rights generally will be capital gain or loss if the
shares of Utah Federal Common Stock were held by the Utah Federal stockholder
as a capital asset. For such stockholders, if the shares had been held for
more than one year, the gain or loss will be long-term capital gain or loss.
Whether or not the character of any taxable gain or loss is material to a Utah
Federal Stockholder depends upon the particular circumstances of the
stockholder.
It is understood that in connection with the delivery of such opinion,
Ernest J. Miller shall execute and deliver to Foster Pepper & Shefelman a
certificate substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit D.
(e) Antitrust Law. Any applicable pre-merger
notification provisions of Section 7A of the Clayton Act shall have been
complied with by the parties hereto, and no other statutory or regulatory
requirements with respect to the Clayton Act shall be applicable other than
Section 18(c) of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act and rules and regulations in
connection therewith. There shall be no pending or threatened proceedings
under any applicable antitrust law of the State of Washington and Utah.
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(f) Securities Laws. The shares of WMI Common Stock to
be issued to the stockholders of Utah Federal in exchange for their shares
shall be exempt or shall have been qualified or registered for offering and
sale under the federal securities law and the state securities or Blue Sky laws
of each jurisdiction in which stockholders of Utah Federal reside, and no order
suspending the sale of such shares of WMI Common Stock in any such jurisdiction
shall have been issued prior to the Effective Time and no proceedings for that
purpose shall have been instituted or shall be contemplated; provided, that WMI
shall not have been obligated to execute or file any general consent to service
of process or to qualify as a foreign corporation in any jurisdiction in which
it is not qualified. As soon as reasonably practicable, Utah Federal shall
advise WMI of each jurisdiction in which stockholders of Utah Federal reside.
7.2 Conditions to the Obligations of WMI Under This
Agreement. The obligations of WMI under this Agreement shall be further
subject to the satisfaction, at or prior to the Effective Time, of all of the
following conditions, any one or more of which may be waived by WMI:
(a) Each of the obligations or covenants of Utah Federal
required to be performed by it at or prior to the Closing pursuant to the terms
of this Agreement shall have been duly performed and complied with and each of
the representations and warranties of Utah Federal contained in this Agreement
shall be true and correct as of the date hereof and as of the Effective Time as
though made at and as of the Effective Time (except as to any representation or
warranty that specifically relates to an earlier date, which shall be true and
correct as of such earlier date), except where the failure of such
representations to be true and correct or the failure of Utah Federal to have
performed the obligations and covenants as required by Section 6 hereof, shall
not in the aggregate have had a negative economic effect of $250,000 or more on
Utah Federal or will, when adjusted to their present value, have such an effect
on WMI; provided, however, that the representations and covenants contained in
Sections 4.2, 6.1(a), 6.1(b) and 6.2 shall not be subject to the foregoing
materiality exception and must be fully complied with; and provided further,
that for purposes of this Section 7.2(a), the calculation of the effect of the
failure of specific representations or warranties to be true and correct or the
failure of Utah Federal to perform covenants or obligations shall be done
without giving effect to any materiality standards contained in such
representations, warranties or covenants.
(b) Any consents, waivers, clearances, approvals and
authorizations of regulatory or governmental bodies that are necessary in
connection with the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby shall
have been obtained, and none of such consents, waivers, clearances, approvals
or authorizations shall contain any term or condition that (i) is a term or
condition that has not heretofore been normally imposed in such transactions
and which would have a Material Adverse Effect on Utah Federal or WMI, or (ii)
would require WMI to contribute additional capital to WMBfsb other than to
increase the leverage capital ratio of WMBfsb (as defined in 12 C.F.R. Part 567
as proposed or adopted by the OTS) to a level no higher than 5.0 percent (as
adjusted to account for the Merger). It is hereby agreed that any term or
condition contained in any previous approval granted to WMI, WMBfsb or
Washington Mutual Bank, for a merger or acquisition transaction shall be deemed
a "normal" condition for purposes of this Section 7.2(b). For purposes of
Section 8 hereof, any "approval" which contains any of the foregoing
unacceptable terms or conditions shall be deemed to be a regulatory "denial."
(c) WMI shall have received an opinion, dated the date of
the Closing, from Graham & Dunn, counsel to Utah Federal, substantially to the
effect set forth in Exhibit E hereto.
(d) Since the date of this Agreement there shall have
been no Material Adverse Effect with respect to Utah Federal (except for
changes resulting from market and economic conditions which generally affect
the savings banking industry as a whole including, without limitation, changes
in law or regulation or changes in generally accepted accounting principles or
interpretations thereof); provided, however, that the following expenses and
adjustments shall be excluded in determining whether a material adverse change
has occurred: (i) fees and expenses relating to the consummation of the
transactions contemplated hereby, (ii) charges for severance and other payments
to officers and employees made or expected to be made in connection with the
transactions contemplated hereby, and (iii) costs and expenses related to any
transactions of the type set forth in Section 6.1 undertaken by Utah Federal
with the prior written consent of WMI or WMBfsb.
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(e) Except as otherwise requested, the directors of Utah
Federal shall have resigned effective on or prior to the Effective Time.
(f) WMI shall have received from Ernest J. Miller an
agreement in substantially the form attached hereto as Exhibit F.
(g) Dissenters' rights shall not have been preserved by
stockholders of Utah Federal with respect to more than 5 percent of the
outstanding shares of Utah Federal Common Stock and each affiliate of Utah
Federal shall have delivered to Utah Federal stock certificates evidencing all
shares of Utah Federal Common Stock owned by such affiliate as provided in
Section 1(f) hereof and delivered to WMI assurance that such affiliate has
voted for the Merger, together with any other assurances requested by WMI, that
such affiliates will not have dissenters' rights.
(h) WMI shall have received the statements referred to in
Section 1(a)(iii) hereof.
(i) Utah Federal shall have furnished WMI with such
certificates of its officers and such other documents to evidence fulfillment
of the conditions set forth in this Section 7.2 as WMBfsb may reasonably
request.
7.3 Conditions to the Obligations of Utah Federal Under
This Agreement. The obligations of Utah Federal under this Agreement shall be
further subject to the satisfaction, at or prior to the Effective Time, of all
of the following conditions, any one or more of which may be waived by Utah
Federal:
(a) Each of the obligations of WMI and WMBfsb required to
be performed by them at or prior to the Closing pursuant to the terms of this
Agreement shall have been duly performed and complied with in all material
respects.
(b) Each of the representations and warranties of WMI and
WMBfsb contained in this Agreement shall be true and correct in all material
respects as of the date of this Agreement and as of the Effective Time as
though made at and as of the Effective Time except as to any representation or
warranty which specifically relates to an earlier date, which shall be true and
correct as of such earlier date, except in the case of such representations and
warranties, where the failure to be true would not have a Material Adverse
Effect on WMI.
(c) Utah Federal shall have received an opinion, dated
the date of the Closing, from Foster Pepper & Shefelman, counsel to WMI,
substantially to the effect set forth in Exhibit G hereto.
(d) Since the date of this Agreement, there shall have
been no Material Adverse Effect with respect to WMI (except for changes
resulting from market and economic conditions which generally affect the
savings bank industry as a whole including, without limitation, changes in law
or regulation or changes in generally accepted accounting principles or
interpretations thereof).
(e) WMI shall have furnished Utah Federal with such
certificates of its officers or others and such other documents to evidence
fulfillment of the conditions set forth in this Section 7.3 as Utah Federal may
reasonably request.
(f) Utah Federal shall have received an opinion
reasonably satisfactory to it from Columbia Financial Advisors, Inc., a
financial advisory firm, dated as of the date of the Proxy
Statement/Prospectus, as to the fairness, from a financial point of view, of
the consideration to be received by the stockholders of Utah Federal pursuant
to this Agreement.
(g) WMI shall have instructed its transfer agent with
respect to the issuance of WMI Common Stock to the Utah Federal stockholders at
least two days prior to Closing.
8. Termination, Amendment and Waiver.
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8.1 Termination. This Agreement may be terminated at any
time prior to the Effective Time, whether before or after approval of the
Merger by the Utah Federal stockholders:
(a) by mutual written consent of all the parties hereto;
(b) by any party hereto (i) if the Effective Time shall
not have occurred on or prior to December 31, 1996 unless the failure of such
occurrence shall be due to the failure of the party seeking to terminate this
Agreement to perform or observe its agreements and conditions set forth herein
to be performed or observed by such party at or before the Effective Time; or
(ii) 31 days after the date on which any application for regulatory approval
prerequisite to the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby shall
have been denied or withdrawn at the request of the applicable regulatory
authority; provided, that, if prior to the expiration of such 31-day period WMI
is engaged in litigation or an appeal procedure relating to an attempt to
obtain such approval, Utah Federal may not terminate this Agreement until the
earlier of (A) December 31, 1996 and (B) 31 days after the completion of such
litigation and appeal procedures, and of any further regulatory or judicial
action pursuant thereto, including any further action by a government agency as
a result of any judicial remand, order or directive or otherwise; or (iii) 10
days after written certification of the vote of the Utah Federal's stockholders
is delivered to WMI indicating that such stockholders failed to adopt the
resolution to approve this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby
at the stockholders' meeting (or any adjournment thereof) contemplated by
Section 1(d) hereof;
(c) by WMI (i) if at the time of such termination there
shall have been a material adverse change in the consolidated financial
condition of Utah Federal from that set forth in Utah Federal's December 1995
Financial Statements for the three-month period ended December 31, 1995 (except
for changes resulting from market and economic conditions which generally
affect the savings bank industry as a whole, including changes in regulation),
it being understood that any of the matters set forth in Utah Federal's
Disclosure Schedules as of the date of this Agreement or any of the matters
described in clauses (i), (ii) or (iii) of Section 7.2(d) are not deemed to be
a material adverse change for purposes of this paragraph (c); (ii) if there
shall have been any material breach of any covenant of Utah Federal hereunder
and such breach shall not have been remedied within 45 days after receipt by
Utah Federal of notice in writing from WMI specifying the nature of such breach
and requesting that it be remedied; or (iii) any of the events or circumstances
described in Section 2(a), 2(b), 2(c) or 2(d) of the Option occurs.
(d) by Utah Federal (i) if at the time of such
termination there shall have been a material adverse change in the consolidated
financial condition of WMI from that set forth in the WMI Statement (except for
changes resulting from market and economic conditions which generally affect
the savings bank industry as a whole), it being understood that any of the
matters set forth in WMI's Disclosure Schedules as of the date of this
Agreement are not deemed to be a material adverse change for purposes of this
paragraph (d); or (ii) if there shall have been any material breach of any
covenant of WMI or WMBfsb hereunder and such breach shall have not been
remedied within 45 days after receipt by WMI of notice in writing from Utah
Federal specifying the nature of such breach and requesting that it be remedied
or (iii) if the directors of Utah Federal, after receiving advice of counsel,
determine in their good faith judgment that they are required to do so in order
to discharge their fiduciary duties, shall withdraw or modify or resolve to
withdraw or modify its recommendation that stockholders vote in favor of the
transactions contemplated hereby.
8.2 Break-Up Fee.
(a) The parties hereby acknowledge that, in negotiating
and executing this Agreement and in taking the steps necessary or appropriate
to effect the transactions contemplated hereby, Utah Federal has incurred and
will incur direct and indirect monetary and other costs (including without
limitation attorneys' fees and costs, costs of Utah Federal management and
employee time and potential damage to Utah Federal's business and franchises as
a result of the announcement of the pending Merger), will forego discussions
with other potential merger candidates and will forego various business
activities which it would have otherwise undertaken if it remained an
independent institution. To compensate Utah Federal for such costs and to
induce it to forego initiating discussions with other potential merger
candidates, (i) if this Agreement terminates because WMI or WMBfsb does not use
all reasonable efforts to consummate the transactions contemplated by this
Agreement in accordance with
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the terms of this Agreement (unless a condition set forth in Section 7.3 is not
satisfied and such nonsatisfaction has not been the result of the failure of
WMI or WMBfsb to use all reasonable efforts to consummate this Agreement in
accordance with the terms of this Agreement), (ii) if WMI terminates this
Agreement for any reason other than the grounds for termination set out in
Sections 8.1(a), 8.1(b) or 8.1(c) or (iii) if Utah Federal terminates this
Agreement pursuant to Section 8.1(d)(ii), then WMI shall pay to Utah Federal on
demand (and in no event more than three days after such demand) in immediately
available funds, Two Hundred Thousand Dollars ($200,000.00).
(b) The parties hereby acknowledge that, in negotiating
and executing this Agreement and in taking the steps necessary or appropriate
to effect the transaction contemplated hereby, WMI and WMBfsb have incurred and
will incur direct and indirect monetary and other costs (including without
limitation attorneys' fees and costs and costs of WMI and WMBfsb employee and
management time) and will forego discussions with respect to other potential
mergers. To compensate WMI for such costs and to induce it to forego
initiating such discussions, if (i) this Agreement terminates because Utah
Federal does not use all reasonable efforts to consummate the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement in accordance with the terms of this Agreement
(unless a condition set forth in Section 7.3 is not satisfied and such
nonsatisfaction has not been the result of the failure of Utah Federal to use
all reasonable efforts to consummate this Agreement in accordance with the
terms of this Agreement) or any of the events or circumstances described in
Section 2(a), 2(b), 2(c) or 2(d) of the Option occurs; (ii) Utah Federal
terminates this Agreement for any reason other than the grounds for termination
set out in Sections 8.1(a), 8.1(b) or 8.1(d); or (iii) WMI terminates this
Agreement pursuant to Section 8.1(c)(iv), then Utah Federal shall be obligated
to pay WMI on demand (and in no event more than three days after such demand)
in immediately available funds Two Hundred Thousand Dollars ($200,000.00), and
in addition WMI shall be entitled to receive any benefits under the Option. It
is understood and agreed that this Section 8.2(b) does not limit or restrict in
any way the events or circumstances upon which WMI may exercise its options
under the Option.
If (a) each of the conditions set forth in Section 7.1 has been
satisfied, (b) WMI has delivered to Utah Federal a written waiver of the
conditions set forth in Section 7.2 hereof, and (c) Utah Federal has not yet
published its financial statements for the year ended December 31, 1995, then,
upon the written request of WMI, Utah Federal shall, to the extent (i)
permissible under generally accepted accounting principles (in the judgment of
Utah Federal's accountants) and (ii) permissible under applicable federal
regulations and not objectionable to Utah Federal's regulators, reflect the
following changes or adjustments on its income statement for the year ended
December 31, 1995:
(i) costs and expenses incurred or expected to be
incurred in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby; and
(ii) charges for severance and other payments to
officers and employees made or expected to be made in connection with the
transactions contemplated hereby.
8.3 Effect of Termination. In the event of termination
of this Agreement by any party, this Agreement shall forthwith become void
(other than Section 6.4(b) hereof, which shall remain in full force and effect)
and, except as and to the extent provided in Section 8.2, there shall be no
further liability on the part of any party or its officers or directors except
for the liability of WMI and WMBfsb under Section 6.4(b), it being understood
and agreed that termination of this Agreement shall not affect the rights of
WMI under the Option except as and to the extent expressly provided in the
Option.
8.4 Amendment, Extension and Waiver. Subject to
applicable law, at any time prior to the consummation of the Merger, whether
before or after approval thereof by the stockholders of Utah Federal, the
parties may (a) amend this Agreement (including the Plan of Merger incorporated
herein), (b) extend the time for the performance of any of the obligations or
other acts of any other party hereto, (c) waive any inaccuracies in the
representations and warranties of any other party contained herein or in any
document delivered pursuant hereto, or (d) waive compliance with any of the
agreements or conditions contained herein; provided, however, that after any
approval of the Merger by the Utah Federal stockholders, there may not be,
without further approval of such stockholders, any amendment or waiver of this
Agreement (or the Plan of Merger) that reduces the amount or changes the form
of consideration to be delivered to the Utah Federal stockholders (it being
understood and agreed that a change in the Exchange Ratio pursuant to Section
1(g) hereof shall not constitute an amendment or waiver
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requiring further stockholder approval). This Agreement may not be amended
except by an instrument in writing signed on behalf of each of the parties
hereto. Any agreement on the part of a party hereto to any extension or waiver
shall be valid only if set forth in an instrument in writing signed on behalf
of such party, but such waiver or failure to insist on strict compliance with
such obligation, covenant, agreement or condition shall not operate as a waiver
of, or estoppel with respect to, any subsequent or other failure.
9. Miscellaneous.
9.1 Expenses. All legal and other costs and expenses
incurred in connection with this Agreement and the transactions contemplated
hereby shall be borne by the party incurring such costs and expenses unless
otherwise specified in this Agreement.
9.2 Survival. Except for the covenants of Sections 6.13,
6.14, 6.15, 6.16 and 6.17, the respective representations and warranties,
covenants and agreements set forth in this Agreement and all Disclosure
Schedules shall not survive the Effective Time.
9.3 Notices. All notices, requests, claims, demands or
other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be given (and
shall be deemed to have been duly received if so given) by delivery, by
registered or certified mail (return receipt requested) or by cable,
telecopier, or telex to the respective parties as follows:
(a) If to WMI or WMBfsb, to:
Washington Mutual, Inc.
1201 Third Avenue, Suite 1500
Seattle, Washington 98101
Attn: Craig E. Tall, Executive
Vice President
With a copy to:
Foster Pepper & Shefelman
1111 Third Avenue, Suite 3400
Seattle, Washington 98101
Attn: Fay L. Chapman
(b) If to Utah Federal, to:
Utah Federal Savings Bank
2279 Washington Boulevard
Ogden, Utah 84401
Attn: L. Brent Hoggan, Executive
Vice President
With a copy to:
Graham & Dunn
1420 Fifth Avenue, 33rd Floor
Seattle, Washington 98101
Attn: Stephen M. Klein
or such other address as shall be furnished in writing by any party to the
others in accordance herewith, except that notices of change of address shall
only be effective upon receipt.
9.4 Parties in Interest. This Agreement shall be binding
upon and shall inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective
successors and assigns; provided, however, that neither this Agreement nor any
of the rights, interests or obligations hereunder shall be assigned by any
party hereto without the prior
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written consent of the other parties. Nothing in this Agreement is intended to
confer, expressly or by implication, upon any other person any rights or
remedies under or by reason of this Agreement (except for Sections 1, 6.13,
6.14, 6.15, 6.16 and 6.17, which are intended to benefit third party
beneficiaries).
9.5 Entire Agreement. This Agreement, including the
documents and other writings referred to herein or delivered pursuant hereto,
contains the entire agreement and understanding of the parties with respect to
its subject matter. There are no restrictions, agreements, promises,
warranties, covenants or undertakings between the parties other than those
expressly set forth herein or therein. This Agreement supersedes all prior
agreements and understandings between the parties, both written and oral, with
respect to its subject matter.
9.6 Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in one
or more counterparts all of which shall be considered one and the same
agreement and each of which shall be deemed an original.
9.7 Governing Law. This Agreement, in all respects,
including all matters of construction, validity and performance, is governed by
the internal laws of the state of Washington as applicable to contracts
executed and delivered in Washington by citizens of such state to be performed
wholly within such state without giving effect to the principles of conflicts
of laws thereof. This Agreement is being delivered in Seattle, Washington.
9.8 Headings. The Section headings contained in this
Agreement are for reference purposes only and shall not affect in any way the
meaning or interpretation of this Agreement.
WASHINGTON MUTUAL, INC.
By: /s/ Craig E. Tall
---------------------------------
Its: Executive Vice President
---------------------------------
WASHINGTON MUTUAL BANK fsb
By: /s/ Craig E. Tall
---------------------------------
Its: Executive Vice President
---------------------------------
UTAH FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK
By: /s/ Michael R. Garrett
----------------------------------
Its: President and Chief Executive Officer
--------------------------------------
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PLAN OF MERGER
This Plan of Merger is made by and among Utah Federal Savings Bank, a
federally chartered stock savings bank ("Utah Federal"), Washington Mutual,
Inc., a Washington corporation ("WMI"), and Washington Mutual Bank fsb, a
federally chartered stock savings bank ("WMBfsb") in connection with the
transactions described in an Agreement for Merger dated as of February 29, 1996
(the "Merger Agreement") among WMI, WMBfsb and Utah Federal. WMBfsb is a
wholly-owned subsidiary of WMI. Capitalized terms used but not otherwise defined
herein shall have the meaning given them in the Merger Agreement. This Plan of
Merger, including related documents, is intended to constitute a "plan of
reorganization" as that term is used in section 354 of the Code. Further, this
Merger is intended to constitute a "reorganization" as defined in section 368 of
the Code by reason of section 368(a)(2)(D) of the Code.
The boards of directors of Utah Federal, WMI and WMBfsb have approved
this Plan of Merger (the "Plan of Merger") under which Utah Federal shall be
merged with and into WMBfsb. The Plan of Merger has been approved by the
shareholders of Utah Federal and the shareholder of WMBfsb.
Utah Federal, WMI and WMBfsb hereby agree as follows:
1. Merger. At and on the Effective Time of the Merger, Utah
Federal shall be merged with and into WMBfsb in accordance with the terms
hereof. WMBfsb shall be the surviving bank.
2. Effective Time. The Merger shall not be effective unless and
until approved by the Office of Thrift Supervision (the "OTS"). The effective
time ("Effective Time") of this Merger shall be the time and date of the
occurrence of the endorsement of articles of combination by the OTS, or at such
later time or date after such endorsement as specified by the OTS on the
endorsement of the articles of combination.
3. Name. The name of the surviving bank shall continue to be
"Washington Mutual Bank fsb."
4. Directors and Principal Officers. The directors and the
principal officers of WMBfsb immediately prior to the Effective Time shall
continue to serve as directors and principal officers of the surviving bank
after the Effective Time. WMBfsb, as the resulting bank, shall have [INSERT
NUMBER AS OF CLOSING] directors. There shall be three classes of directors;
members of each class shall have a three-year term. The name, residential
address and term of each director are set forth on Schedule A attached hereto
and incorporated herein by this reference.
5. Offices. The location of the home office of the surviving bank
shall be 111 S. State Street, Lake Oswego, Oregon and the surviving bank shall
immediately after the Effective Time have the same branches and other offices as
each of Utah Federal and WMBfsb had immediately prior to the Effective Time. A
list of all the branches and other offices of the surviving bank is attached
hereto as Schedule B, which is incorporated herein by this reference.
6. Terms and Conditions of Merger. At the Effective Time of the
Merger:
(a) Conversion of Utah Federal Common Stock. Subject to
the provisions below, at the Effective Time, each of the outstanding shares of
common stock, par value $10.00 per share, of Utah Federal ("Utah Federal Common
Stock") shall be converted into the right to receive [INSERT EXCHANGE RATIO]
shares of common stock, no par value per share, of WMI ("WMI Common Stock").
Each shareholder of record of Utah Federal Common Stock immediately prior to the
Effective Time shall be entitled to receive (subject to the conditions set forth
below) the number of shares of WMI Common Stock determined by multiplying
[INSERT EXCHANGE RATIO] times the number of shares of Utah Federal Common Stock
owned by such shareholder, provided that cash will be paid in lieu of fractional
shares as provided in Section 6(c) below. [IF NECESSARY,
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INSERT APPROPRIATE LANGUAGE TO ACCOUNT FOR ANY ADJUSTMENTS IN MERGER
CONSIDERATION PURSUANT TO SECTION 1(b)(ii)-(iv) OF THE MERGER AGREEMENT].
(b) WMBfsb Common Stock. Each share of WMBfsb Common
Stock issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time shall at
the Effective Time remain outstanding and unchanged and shall continue to be
owned by WMI. No new shares of WMBfsb capital stock shall be issued or otherwise
used in the Merger.
Upon the Effective Time, WMI shall remain the owner of all the issued
and outstanding shares of the surviving bank.
(c) No Fractional Shares. Notwithstanding any term or
provision hereof, no fractional shares of WMI Common Stock, and no certificates
or scrip therefor, or other evidence of ownership thereof, shall be issued in
exchange for any shares of Utah Federal Common Stock; no dividend or
distribution with respect to WMI Common Stock shall be payable on or with
respect to any fractional share interests; and no such fractional share interest
shall entitle the owner thereof to vote or to any other rights of a stockholder
of WMI. In lieu of such fractional share interests, any holder of Utah Federal
Common Stock who would otherwise be entitled to a fractional share of WMI Common
Stock will, upon surrender of his certificate or certificates representing Utah
Federal Common Stock outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time, be
paid the cash value of such fractional share interest, which shall be equal to
the product of the fraction multiplied by $[INSERT AVERAGE PRICE]. For the
purposes of determining any such fractional share interests, all shares of Utah
Federal Common Stock owned by a Utah Federal stockholder shall be combined so as
to calculate the maximum number of whole shares of WMI Common Stock issuable to
such Utah Federal stockholder.
7. Method of Effectuation; Exchange of Certificates. Prior to the
Effective Time, WMI shall designate a bank or trust company to act as an
exchange agent (the "Exchange Agent") in connection with the Merger. Prior to or
at the Effective Time, WMI shall deposit with the Exchange Agent certificates
representing the shares of WMI Common Stock to be received by shareholders of
Utah Federal, together with cash sufficient to pay fractional shares as provided
in Section 6 hereof.
As soon as practicable after the Effective Time, the Exchange Agent
shall mail to each person who was, at the Effective Time, a holder of record of
Utah Federal Common Stock a letter of transmittal (which shall specify that
delivery of certificates which, immediately prior to the Effective Time,
represented outstanding shares of Utah Federal Common Stock (the "Certificates")
shall be effected, and risk of loss and title to the Certificates shall pass,
only upon receipt of the Certificates by the Exchange Agent) and instructions
for effecting the surrender of the Certificates. Upon surrender to the Exchange
Agent of the Certificates, together with such letter of transmittal, duly
completed and validly executed in accordance with the instructions thereto, and
such other documents as may be reasonably requested, the Exchange Agent shall
promptly deliver to the person entitled thereto a certificate representing the
number of shares of WMI Common Stock (and cash in lieu of any fractional shares
of WMI Common Stock) such holder is entitled to receive pursuant to this Plan of
Merger. All Certificates so surrendered shall be cancelled. Until so surrendered
and exchanged, each Certificate shall, after the Effective Time, be deemed to
evidence only the right to receive the number of shares of WMI Common Stock (and
cash in lieu of any fractional shares of WMI Common Stock) to which such holder
is entitled pursuant to Section 6 hereof.
No dividends or other distributions declared with respect to shares of
WMI Common Stock and payable to the holders of record thereof after the
Effective Time shall be paid to the holder of any unsurrendered Certificate
until the holder thereof surrenders such Certificate. Subject to the effect of
any applicable escheat laws and unclaimed property laws, after the subsequent
surrender and exchange of a Certificate, the record holder thereof shall be
entitled to receive any such dividends or other distributions, without any
interest thereon, which theretofore had become payable with respect to the WMI
Common Stock for which such Certificate was exchangeable.
If delivery of shares of WMI Common Stock (and any cash in lieu of
fractional shares) is to be made to a person other than the person in whose name
a surrendered Certificate is registered, it shall be a condition of such
delivery that the Certificate so surrendered be properly endorsed (or
accompanied by an appropriate instrument of transfer) and otherwise be in proper
form for transfer and that the person requesting such delivery shall have paid
any transfer and other taxes required by reason of such delivery to a person
other than the registered holder of the surrendered Certificate or shall have
established to the satisfaction of the Exchange Agent that such tax has been
paid or is not payable.
At the Effective Time, the stock transfer books of Utah Federal shall
be closed and there shall be no further registration of transfers of shares of
Utah Federal Common Stock thereafter on the records of Utah Federal. From and
after
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the Effective Time, the holders of Certificates shall cease to have any rights
with respect to the shares of Utah Federal Common Stock represented thereby
immediately prior to the Effective Time except as provided herein.
No interest shall be paid or accrue on or in respect of any portion of
the WMI Common Stock, or the cash in lieu of fractional shares, to be delivered
in exchange for the surrendered Certificates.
The Exchange Agent shall return to WMI all shares of WMI Common Stock
and cash not previously paid to Utah Federal shareholders 90 days following the
Effective Time, and thereafter all former shareholders of Utah Federal shall
only be entitled to receive shares of WMI Common Stock (and any cash in lieu of
fractional shares) from WMI upon proper surrender of their Certificates.
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, neither the Exchange Agent nor
WMI or WMBfsb shall be liable to a holder of Utah Federal Common Stock for any
amount properly paid to a public official pursuant to any applicable unclaimed
property, escheat or similar laws.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, shares of Utah Federal Common Stock
which are issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time and
which are held by holders who have not voted their shares in favor of the Merger
and have complied with the provisions of Section 552.14 of Title 12 of the Code
of Federal Regulations or any other applicable provision of federal law relating
to dissenting shareholders, shall not be converted into the right to receive
shares of WMI Common Stock as provided herein, unless and until such holder
shall have effectively withdrawn or lost the right to payment under Section
552.14 or any other applicable provision of federal law, in which case each such
share shall thereupon be deemed to have been converted at the Effective Time
into the right to receive shares of WMI Common Stock as provided herein, without
any interest thereon.
8. Charter and Bylaws. At and after the Effective Time, the
charter (the "Charter") and articles of incorporation and the bylaws of WMBfsb
as in effect immediately prior to the Effective Time shall continue to be the
charter and articles of incorporation and the bylaws of the surviving bank until
amended in accordance with law.
9. Rights and Duties of the Surviving Bank. At the Effective
Time, Utah Federal shall be merged with and into WMBfsb, which shall be the
surviving bank and which shall continue to be a federally chartered stock
savings bank. The business of the surviving bank shall be that of a stock
savings bank chartered under the laws of the United States and as provided for
in the Charter of WMBfsb as now existing, the business of which shall be
continued at its head office and at its legally established branches and other
offices. All assets, rights, privileges, powers, franchises and property (real,
personal and mixed, tangible and intangible, choses in action, rights and
credits) of Utah Federal shall be automatically vested in WMBfsb as the
surviving bank by virtue of the Merger without any deed or other document of
transfer. The surviving bank, without any order or action on the part of any
court or otherwise and without any documents of assumption or assignment, shall
hold and enjoy all of the properties, franchises and interests, including
appointments, powers, designations, nominations and all other rights and
interests as agent or other fiduciary in the same manner and to the same extent
as such rights, franchises and interests and powers were held or enjoyed by
WMBfsb and Utah Federal, respectively. The surviving bank shall be responsible
for all the liabilities of every kind and description of both WMBfsb and Utah
Federal immediately prior to the Effective Time, including liabilities for all
debts, savings accounts, deposits, obligations and contracts of WMBfsb and Utah
Federal, respectively, matured or unmatured, whether accrued, absolute,
contingent or otherwise and whether or not reflected or reserved against on
balance sheets, books or accounts or records of either WMBfsb or Utah Federal.
Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, WMBfsb as the surviving bank
shall be liable for the obligations of Utah Federal with respect to the
liquidation account for the benefit of any and all of its preconversion
depositors. All rights of creditors and other obligees and all liens on property
of either WMBfsb or Utah Federal shall be preserved and shall not be released or
impaired.
10. Execution. This Plan of Merger may be executed in any number
of counterparts each of which shall be deemed an original and all of such
counterparts shall constitute one and the same instrument.
Dated as of _______________, 1996.
WASHINGTON MUTUAL, INC.
By _____________________________________________
____________, President
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By
_______________________________________________
____________, Secretary
WASHINGTON MUTUAL BANK fsb
By
_______________________________________________
____________, President
By
_______________________________________________
____________, Secretary
UTAH FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK
By
_______________________________________________
____________, President
By
_______________________________________________
____________, Secretary
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<PAGE> 223
WASHINGTON MUTUAL, INC.
September 10, 1996
Utah Federal Savings Bank
2279 Washington Boulevard
Ogden, UT 84401
Attention: L. Brent Hoggan, Executive Vice President
Ladies and Gentlemen:
Utah Federal Savings Bank ("Utah Federal"), Washington Mutual, Inc.
("WMI") and Washington Mutual Bank fsb ("WMBfsb") are parties to that certain
Agreement for Merger dated February 29, 1996 (the "Merger Agreement") pursuant
to which Utah Federal will merge with and into WMBfsb. In this letter, Utah
Federal is sometimes referred to as "you" and WMI and WMBfsb are sometimes
referred to as "we."
You and we now desire to amend certain terms of the Merger Agreement.
The purpose of this letter is to confirm certain discussions you and we have had
regarding amendments to the Merger Agreement and to set forth our agreement with
regard to certain amendments thereto.
Accordingly, you and we hereby agree as follows:
1. Section 1(b)(i) of the Merger Agreement is hereby amended by
deleting "$105.63" in the first sentence thereof and substituting therefor
"$107.04".
2. Section 1(b)(iii) of the Merger Agreement is hereby amended by
deleting "$150,000" in the first sentence thereof and substituting therefor
"$200,000".
3. The effective date of the amendments provided by this letter
shall be September 10, 1996.
4. Except as expressly amended hereby, the Merger Agreement
remains in full force and effect.
If this letter correctly sets forth our agreement with respect to
amendments to the Merger Agreement, please so indicate by signing below and
returning to us two of the four enclosed originals of this letter.
Very truly yours,
WASHINGTON MUTUAL, INC.
By /s/ Craig E. Tall
--------------------------------------
Its Executive Vice President
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WASHINGTON MUTUAL, BANK FSB
By /s/ Craig E. Tall
--------------------------------------
Its Executive Vice President
Agreed to this 12th day
of September, 1996
UTAH FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK
By /s/ L. Brent Hoggan
----------------------------------------------
Its Executive Vice President
cc: Fay L. Chapman
Stephen M. Klein
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APPENDIX B
OPINION OF COLUMBIA FINANCIAL ADVISORS
November 13, 1996
Board of Directors
Utah Federal Savings Bank
2279 Washington Boulevard
Ogden, Utah 84401
Members of the Board:
You have requested our opinion as to the fairness, from a financial point of
view, to the shareholders of Utah Federal Savings Bank ("UFSB" or the
"Company"), of the consideration to be received by such shareholders pursuant to
the terms of the Merger Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated March 1, 1996, (the
"Agreement") between UFSB, Washington Mutual, Inc. ("WAMU") and Washington
Mutual Bank fsb.
In connection with the proposed merger transaction (the "Merger") whereby UFSB
will be merged into Washington Mutual Bank fsb, a wholly-owned subsidiary of
WAMU, each issued and outstanding share of the Company common stock (along with
its associated rights) at the effective time of the Merger (other than (i)
shares of holders of which are exercising appraisal rights pursuant to
applicable law and (ii) shares held directly by or indirectly by UFSB, its
parent company or any subsidiary thereof other than shares held in a fiduciary
capacity or in satisfaction of a debt previously contracted) shall be converted
into the right to receive $107.04 in WAMU common stock (the "Merger
Consideration"), except for fractional shares which will receive a proportional
amount of cash.
Columbia Financial Advisors, Inc. ("CFAI"), as a part of its investment banking
services, is periodically engaged in the valuation of banks and thrifts and
advises the directors, officers and shareholders of both public and private
banks and thrift institutions with respect to the fairness, from a financial
point of view, of the consideration to be received in transactions such as that
proposed by the Agreement. CFAI has performed investment banking services for
WAMU in the past and may perform future services. For our services in rendering
this opinion, UFSB has agreed to pay CFAI a fee which is not contingent upon the
consummation of the Merger.
In connection with rendering this opinion, we have, among other things: (i)
reviewed the Agreement; (ii) reviewed UFSB's financial and related audited
financial information for the twelve months ended September 30, 1995 and for the
interim three month period ending December 31, 1995; (iii) reviewed certain
internal financial analyses and certain other forecasts for the Company prepared
by and reviewed with the management of the Company; (iv) conducted interviews
with senior management of the Company regarding the past and current business
operations, results thereof, financial condition and future prospects of the
Company; (v) reviewed the current market environment generally and the banking
and thrift environment in particular; (vi) reviewed the prices paid in certain
recent mergers and acquisitions in the banking and thrift industries on a
regional basis; (vii) reviewed WAMU's audited financial information for the
fiscal year ended December 31, 1995 including the Form 10-K filed with the U.S.
Securities and Exchange Commission; (ix) reviewed the price ranges and dividend
history for WAMU common stock; (x) and reviewed such other information, studies
and analyses and performed such other investigations and took into account such
other matters as we deemed appropriate.
In conducting our review and arriving at our opinion, we have relied on the
accuracy and completeness of all information supplied or otherwise made
available to us, and we have not independently verified such information nor
have we undertaken an independent appraisal of the assets or liabilities of the
Company. With respect to the financial forecasts referred to above, we have
assumed that they have been reasonably prepared on bases reflecting the best
currently available estimates and judgment of the senior management of the
Company. This opinion is
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necessarily based upon circumstances and conditions as they exist and can be
evaluated as of the date of this letter. We have assumed, with your consent, the
Merger will qualify as a reorganization within the meaning of Section 368 of the
Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.
In arriving at our opinion, we have not performed any appraisals or valuations
of specific assets of UFSB or WAMU. We have not been authorized to solicit and
did not solicit other entities for purposes of a business combination with UFSB.
This opinion is based upon the information available to us and facts and
circumstances as they exist and are subject to evaluation on the date hereof. We
are not expressing any opinion herein as to the prices at which shares of WAMU
Common Stock have traded or may trade at any future date.
This opinion is for the benefit of the Board of Directors of UFSB and will not
be relied upon by others, and will not be published or otherwise used, nor will
any public references to us be made, without our prior written consent, which
consent will not be unreasonably withheld; provided that UFSB may use,
reproduce, disseminate, quote and refer to the opinion (i) to its shareholders
in conjunction with shareholder approval of the Merger, (ii) to its advisors and
regulatory agencies in conjunction with regulatory approval of the Merger; and
(iii) in any court or regulatory proceeding arising out of the Merger. This
opinion is not intended to be and does not constitute a recommendation to any
stockholder as to how such stockholder should vote with respect to the Merger.
In reliance upon and subject to the foregoing, it is our opinion that, as of the
date hereof, the Merger Consideration to be received by the shareholders of UFSB
pursuant to the Agreement is fair, from a financial point of view, to the
shareholders of UFSB.
We hereby consent to the reference to our firm in the proxy statement or
prospectus related to the merger transaction and to the inclusion of our opinion
as an exhibit to the proxy statement or prospectus related to the merger
transaction.
Very truly yours,
COLUMBIA FINANCIAL ADVISORS, INC.
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APPENDIX C
STOCK OPTION AGREEMENT
This Stock Option Agreement (the "Agreement"), dated as of February
29, 1996, is made by and between Utah Federal Savings Bank, a federal savings
bank ("Utah Federal"), and Washington Mutual, Inc., a Washington corporation
("WMI").
Concurrently with the execution hereof, Utah Federal, WMI and
Washington Mutual Bank fsb ("WMBfsb") have executed a certain Agreement for
Merger (the "Merger Agreement") which would result in the merger of Utah
Federal with and into WMBfsb (the "Merger").
It is understood and acknowledged that by negotiating and executing
the Merger Agreement and by taking actions necessary or appropriate to effect
the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement, WMI and WMBfsb have
incurred and will incur substantial direct and indirect costs (including
without limitation the costs of management and employee time) and will forgo
the pursuit of certain alternative investments and transactions.
THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants and agreements set
forth herein and in the Merger Agreement, the parties hereto agree as follows:
1. Grant of Option. Subject to the terms and conditions set
forth herein, Utah Federal hereby irrevocably grants an option (the "Option")
to WMI to purchase an aggregate of 35,278 authorized but unissued shares of
Utah Federal's Common Stock, $10.00 par value (the "Common Stock") (which if
issued, and assuming exercise of outstanding options to acquire the Common
Stock, would represent 19.9% of total stock issued and outstanding), at a per
share price of $75.61 (the "Option Price"), which was the per share book value
of the Common Stock at December 31, 1995.
2. Exercise of Option. Subject to the provisions of this Section
2 and of Section 13(a) of this Agreement, this Option may be exercised by WMI
or any transferee as set forth in Section 5 of this Agreement, in whole or in
part, at any time, or from time to time in any of the following circumstances:
(a) Utah Federal or its board of directors enters into an
agreement or recommends to Utah Federal shareholders an agreement (other than
the Merger Agreement) pursuant to which any entity, person or group, within the
meaning of Section 13(d)(3) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
(the "Exchange Act") (any of the foregoing hereinafter in this Section 2, a
"Person"), would: (i) merge or consolidate with, acquire 51 percent or more of
the assets or liabilities of, or enter into any similar transaction with Utah
Federal, or (ii) purchase or otherwise acquire (including by merger,
consolidation, share exchange or any similar transaction) securities
representing ten percent or more of the voting shares of Utah Federal;
(b) any Person (other than WMI or any of its subsidiaries
and other than any Person owning as of the date hereof ten percent or more of
the voting shares of Utah Federal) acquires the beneficial ownership or the
right to acquire beneficial ownership of securities which, when aggregated with
other such securities owned by such Person, represents ten percent or more of
the voting shares of Utah Federal (the term "beneficial ownership" for purposes
of this Agreement shall have the meaning set forth in Section 13(d) of the
Exchange Act, and the regulations promulgated thereunder); provided, however,
notwithstanding the foregoing, the Option shall not be exercisable in the
circumstances described above in this subsection (b) if (x) a Person acquires
the beneficial ownership of securities which, when aggregated with other such
securities owned by such Person, represents ten percent or more but less than
25 percent of the voting shares of Utah Federal and either (y) the transaction
does not result in, and is not presumed to constitute, "control" as defined
under Section 7(j)(1) of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act or 12 CFR Part 574
or (z) the Office of Thrift Supervision determines pursuant to 12 CFR Part 574
that any presumption of control does not exist;
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(c) failure of the board of directors of Utah Federal to
recommend, or withdrawal by the board of directors of a prior recommendation
of, the Merger to the shareholders; or
(d) failure of the shareholders to approve the Merger by
the required affirmative vote at a meeting of the shareholders, after any
Person (other than WMI or a subsidiary of WMI) announces publicly or
communicates, in writing, to Utah Federal a proposal to (i) acquire Utah
Federal (by merger, consolidation, the purchase of 51 percent or more of its
assets or liabilities or any other similar transaction), (ii) purchase or
otherwise acquire securities representing 25 percent or more of the voting
shares of Utah Federal or (iii) change the composition of the board of
directors of Utah Federal.
It is understood and agreed that the Option shall become exercisable
upon the occurrence of any of the above-described circumstances even though the
circumstance occurred as a result, in part or in whole, of the board of Utah
Federal complying with its fiduciary duties.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Option may not be exercised if
either (A) any applicable and required governmental approvals have not been
obtained with respect to such exercise or if such exercise would violate any
applicable regulatory restrictions, or (B) at the time of exercise WMI or
WMBfsb is failing in any material respect to perform or observe its covenants
or conditions under the Merger Agreement unless the reason for such failure is
that Utah Federal is failing to perform or observe its covenants or conditions
under the Merger Agreement.
3. Notice, Time and Place of Exercise. Each time that WMI or any
transferee wishes to exercise any portion of the Option, WMI or such transferee
shall give written notice of its intention to exercise the Option specifying
the number of shares as to which the Option is being exercised ("Option
Shares") and the place and date for the closing of the exercise (which date
shall be not later than ten business days from the date such notice is mailed).
If any law, regulation or other restriction will not permit such exercise to be
consummated during such ten-day period, the date for the closing of such
exercise shall be within five days following the cessation of such restriction
on consummation.
4. Payment and Delivery of Certificate(s). At any closing for an
exercise of the Option or any portion thereof, (a) WMI and Utah Federal will
each deliver to the other certificates as to the accuracy, as of the closing
date, of their respective representations and warranties hereunder, (b) WMI or
the transferees will pay the aggregate purchase price for the shares of Common
Stock to be purchased by delivery of a certified or bank cashier's check in
immediately available funds payable to the order of Utah Federal, and (c) Utah
Federal will deliver to WMI or the transferees a certificate or certificates
representing the shares so purchased.
5. Transferability of the Option and Option Shares. Prior to the
time the Option, or a portion thereof, becomes exercisable pursuant to the
provisions of Section 2 of this Agreement, neither the Option nor any portion
thereof shall be transferable. Upon the occurrence of any of the events or
circumstances set forth in Sections 2(a) through (d) above, the Option or any
portion thereof or any of the Option Shares may be freely transferred by WMI,
subject to applicable federal and state securities laws.
For purposes of this Agreement, a merger or consolidation of WMI
(whether or not WMI is the surviving entity) or an acquisition of WMI shall not
be deemed a transfer.
6. Representations, Warranties and Covenants of Utah Federal.
Utah Federal hereby represents, warrants, and covenants to WMI as follows:
(a) Due Authorization. This Agreement has been duly
authorized by all necessary corporate action on the part of Utah Federal, has
been duly executed by a duly authorized officer of Utah Federal and constitutes
a valid and binding obligation of Utah Federal. No shareholder approval by
Utah Federal shareholders is required by applicable law or otherwise prior to
the exercise of the Option in whole or in part.
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(b) Option Shares. Utah Federal has taken all necessary
corporate and other action to authorize and reserve and to permit it to issue,
and at all times from the date hereof to such time as the obligation to deliver
shares hereunder terminates will have reserved for issuance, at the closing(s)
upon exercise of the Option, or any portion thereof, the Option Shares (subject
to adjustment, as provided in Section 8 below), all of which, upon issuance
pursuant hereto shall be duly and validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable,
and shall be delivered free and clear of all claims, liens, encumbrances and
security interests, including any preemptive right of any of the shareholders
of Utah Federal.
(c) No Conflicts. Neither the execution and delivery of
this Agreement nor the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby
will violate or result in any violation of or be in conflict with or constitute
a default under any term of the articles of incorporation or bylaws of Utah
Federal or any agreement, instrument, judgment, decree, law, rule or order
applicable to Utah Federal or any subsidiary of Utah Federal or to which Utah
Federal or any such subsidiary is a party.
(d) Notification of Record Date. At any time from and
after the date of this Agreement until such time as the Option is no longer
exercisable, Utah Federal shall give WMI or any transferee thirty days prior
written notice before setting the record date for determining the holders of
record of the Common Stock entitled to vote on any matter, to receive any
dividend or distribution or to participate in any rights offering or other
matters, or to receive any other benefit or right, with respect to the Common
Stock.
7. Representations, Warranties and Covenants of WMI. WMI hereby
represents, warrants and covenants to Utah Federal as follows:
(a) Due Authorization. This Agreement has been duly
authorized by all necessary corporate action on the part of WMI, has been duly
executed by a duly authorized officer of WMI and constitutes a valid and
binding obligation of WMI.
(b) Transfers of Common Stock. No shares of Common Stock
acquired upon exercise of the Option will be transferred except in a
transaction registered or exempt from registration under any applicable
securities laws.
(c) No Conflicts. Neither the execution and delivery of
this Agreement nor the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby
will violate or result in any violation of or be in conflict with or constitute
a default under any term of the charter documents or bylaws of WMI or any
agreement, instrument, judgment, decree, law, rule or order applicable to WMI
or any subsidiary of WMI or to which WMI or any such subsidiary is a party.
8. Adjustment Upon Changes in Capitalization. In the event of
any change in the Common Stock by reason of stock dividends, split-ups,
mergers, recapitalizations, combinations, exchanges of shares or the like, the
number and kind of shares or securities subject to the Option and the purchase
price per share of Common Stock shall be appropriately adjusted. If prior to
the termination or exercise of the Option Utah Federal shall be acquired by
another party, consolidate with or merge into another corporation or liquidate,
WMI or any transferee shall thereafter receive upon exercise of the Option the
securities or properties to which a holder of the number of shares of Common
Stock then deliverable upon the exercise thereof would have been entitled upon
such acquisition, consolidation, merger or liquidation, and Utah Federal shall
take such steps in connection with such acquisition, consolidation, merger or
liquidation as may be necessary to assure that the provisions hereof shall
thereafter be applicable, as nearly as reasonably may be practicable, in
relation to any securities or property thereafter deliverable upon exercise of
the Option.
9. Nonassignability. This Agreement shall be binding upon and
inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and the successors of each of the
undersigned. This Agreement and any right hereunder shall not be assignable by
either party except that WMI may transfer the Option, the Option Shares or any
portion thereof in accordance with Section 5. A merger or consolidation of WMI
(whether or not WMI is the surviving entity) or an acquisition of WMI shall not
be deemed an assignment or transfer.
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10. Regulatory Restrictions. Utah Federal shall use its best
efforts to obtain or to cooperate with WMI or any transferee in obtaining all
necessary regulatory consents, approvals, waivers or other action (whether
regulatory, corporate or other) to permit the acquisition of any or all Option
Shares by WMI or any transferee.
11. Remedies. Utah Federal agrees that if for any reason WMI or
any transferee shall have exercised its rights under this Agreement and Utah
Federal shall have failed to issue the Option Shares to be issued upon such
exercise or to perform its other obligations under this Agreement, unless such
action would violate any applicable law or regulation by which Utah Federal is
bound, then WMI or any transferee shall be entitled to specific performance and
injunctive and other equitable relief. WMI agrees that if it shall fail to
perform any of its obligations under this Agreement, then Utah Federal shall be
entitled to specific performance and injunctive and other equitable relief.
This provision is without prejudice to any other rights that Utah Federal or
WMI or any transferee may have against the other party for any failure to
perform its obligations under this Agreement.
12. No Rights as Stockholder. This Option, prior to the exercise
thereof, shall not entitle the holder hereof to any rights as a stockholder of
Utah Federal at law or in equity; specifically this Option shall not entitle
the holder to vote on any matter presented to the stockholders of Utah Federal
or, except as provided herein, to any notice of any meetings of stockholders or
any other proceedings of Utah Federal.
13. Miscellaneous.
(a) Termination. This Agreement and the Option, to the
extent not previously exercised, shall terminate upon the earliest of (i)
December 31, 1996; (ii) the mutual agreement of the parties hereto; (iii) 31
days after the date on which any application for regulatory approval for the
Merger shall have been denied; provided, however, that if prior to the
expiration of such 31-day period, Utah Federal, WMI or WMBfsb is engaged in
litigation or an appeal procedure relating to an attempt to obtain approval of
the Merger, this Agreement will not terminate until the earlier of (a) December
31, 1996, or (b) 31 days after the completion of such litigation and appeal
procedure; (iv) the thirtieth day following the termination of the Merger
Agreement for any reason other than a material noncompliance or default by WMI
or WMBfsb with respect to its obligations thereunder; or (v) the date of
termination of the Merger Agreement if such termination is due to a material
noncompliance or default by WMI or WMBfsb with respect to its obligations
thereunder; provided, however, that if the Option has been exercised, in whole
or in part, prior to the termination of this Agreement, then such exercise
shall close pursuant to Section 4 hereof even though such closing date is after
the termination of this Agreement; and provided, further, that if the Option is
sold prior to the termination of this Agreement, such Option may be exercised
by the transferee at any time within 31 days after the date of termination even
though such exercise and/or the closing of such exercise occurs after the
termination of this Agreement.
(b) Amendments. This Agreement may not be modified,
amended, altered or supplemented, except upon the execution and delivery of a
written agreement executed by the parties hereto.
(c) Severability of Terms. Any provision of this
Agreement that is invalid, illegal, or unenforceable shall be ineffective only
to the extent of such invalidity, illegality, or unenforceability without
affecting in any way the remaining provisions hereof or rendering any other
provisions of this Agreement invalid, illegal or unenforceable. Without
limiting the generality of the foregoing, if the right of WMI or any transferee
to exercise the Option in full for the total number of shares of Common Stock
or other securities or property issuable upon the exercise of the Option is
limited by applicable law, or otherwise, WMI or any transferee may,
nevertheless, exercise the Option to the fullest extent permissible.
(d) Notices. All notices, requests, claims, demands and
other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be given (and
shall be deemed to have been duly received if so given) by delivery, by cable,
telecopies, or telex, or by registered or certified mail, postage prepaid,
return receipt requested, to the respective parties as follows:
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If to Utah Federal, to:
Utah Federal Savings Bank
2279 Washington Boulevard
Ogden, Utah 84401
Attn: L. Brent Hoggan, Executive
Vice President
With a copy to:
Graham & Dunn
1420 Fifth Avenue, 33rd Floor
Seattle, Washington 98101
Attn: Stephen M. Klein
If to WMI:
Washington Mutual, Inc.
1201 Third Avenue, Suite 1500
Seattle, Washington 98101
Attention: Craig E. Tall
With copies to:
Foster Pepper & Shefelman
1111 Third Avenue, Suite 3400
Seattle, Washington 98101
Attention: Fay L. Chapman
or to such other address as either party may have furnished to the other in
writing in accordance herewith, except that notices of change of address shall
only be effective upon receipt.
(e) Governing Law. This Agreement and the Option, in all
respects, including all matters of construction, validity and performance, are
governed by the internal laws of the State of Washington by citizens of such
state to be performed wholly within such state without giving effect to the
principles of conflicts of law thereof. This Agreement is being delivered in
Seattle, Washington.
(f) Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in
several counterparts, each of which shall be an original, but all of which
together shall constitute one and the same agreement.
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(g) Effects of Headings. The section headings herein are
for convenience only and shall not affect the construction hereof.
DATED as of the day first written above.
UTAH FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK
By: /s/ Michael R. Garrett
-----------------------------------------
Its: President and Chief Executive Officer
-----------------------------------------
WASHINGTON MUTUAL, INC.
By: /s/ Craig E. Tall
--------------------------------
Its: Executive Vice President
--------------------------------
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APPENDIX D
DISSENTERS RIGHTS STATUTE
12 CFR Section 552.14 DISSENTER AND APPRAISAL RIGHTS.
(a) Right to demand payment of fair or appraised value. Except as
provided in paragraph (b) of this section, any stockholder of a Federal stock
association combining in accordance with Section 552.13 of this part shall
have the right to demand payment of the fair or appraised value of his stock:
Provided, That such stockholder has not voted in favor of the combination and
complies with the provisions of paragraph (c) of this section.
(b) Exceptions. No stockholder required to accept only qualified
consideration for his or her stock shall have the right under this section to
demand payment of the stock's fair or appraised value, if such stock was listed
on a national securities exchange or quoted on the National Association of
Securities Dealers' Automated Quotation System ("NASDAQ") on the date of the
meeting at which the combination was acted upon or stockholder action is not
required for a combination made pursuant to Section 552.13(h)(2) of this part.
"Qualified consideration" means cash, shares of stock of any association or
corporation which at the effective date of the combination will be listed on a
national securities exchange or quoted on NASDAQ, or any combination of such
shares of stock and cash.
(c) Procedure.
(1) Notice. Each constituent Federal stock association
shall notify all stockholders entitled to rights under this section, not less
than twenty days prior to the meeting at which the combination agreement is to
be submitted for stockholder approval, of the right to demand payment of
appraised value of shares, and shall include in such notice a copy of this
section. Such written notice shall be mailed to stockholders of record and may
be part of management's proxy solicitation for such meeting.
(2) Demand for appraisal and payment. Each stockholder
electing to make a demand under this section shall deliver to the Federal stock
association, before voting on the combination, a writing identifying himself or
herself and stating his or her intention thereby to demand appraisal of and
payment for his or her shares. Such demand must be in addition to and separate
from any proxy or vote against the combination by the stockholder.
(3) Notification of effective date and written offer.
Within ten days after the effective date of the combination, the resulting
association shall:
(i) Give written notice by mail to stockholders
of constituent Federal stock associations who have complied with the
provisions of paragraph (c)(2) of this section and have not voted in
favor of the combination, of the effective day of the combination;
(ii) Make a written offer to each stockholder to
pay for dissenting shares at a specified price deemed by the resulting
association to be the fair value thereof; and
(iii) Inform them that, within sixty days of such
date, the respective requirements of paragraphs (c)(5) and (c)(6) of
this section (set out in the notice) must be satisfied.
The notice and offer shall be accompanied by a balance sheet and statement of
income of the association the shares of which the dissenting stockholder holds,
for a fiscal year ending not more than sixteen months before the date of notice
and offer, together with the latest available interim financial statements.
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(4) Acceptance of offer. If within sixty days of the
effective date of the combination the fair value is agreed upon between the
resulting association and any stockholder who has complied with the provisions
of paragraph (c)(2) of this section, payment therefor shall be made within
ninety days of the effective date of the combination.
(5) Petition to be filed if offer not accepted. If
within sixty days of the effective date of the combination the resulting
association and any stockholder who has complied with the provisions of
paragraph (c)(2) of this section do not agree as to the fair value, then any
such stockholder may file a petition with the Office, with a copy by registered
or certified mail to the resulting association, demanding a determination of
the fair market value of the stock of all such stockholders. A stockholder
entitled to file a petition under this section who fails to file such petition
within sixty days of the effective date of the combination shall be deemed to
have accepted he terms offered under the combination.
(6) Stock certificates to be noted. Within sixty days of
the effective date of the combination, each stockholder demanding appraisal and
payment under this section shall submit to the transfer agent his certificates
of stock for notation thereon that an appraisal and payment have been demanded
with respect to such stock and that appraisal proceedings are pending. Any
stockholder who fails to submit his or her stock certificates for such notation
shall no longer be entitled to appraisal rights under this section and shall be
deemed to have accepted the terms offered under the combination.
(7) Withdrawal of demand. Notwithstanding the foregoing,
at any time within sixty days after the effective date of the combination, any
stockholder shall have the right to withdraw his or her demand for appraisal
and to accept the terms offered upon the combination.
(8) Valuation and payment. The Director shall, as he or
she may elect, either appoint one or more independent persons or direct
appropriate staff of the Office to appraise the shares to determine their fair
market value, as of the effective date of the combination, exclusive of any
element of value arising from the accomplishment or expectation of the
combination. Appropriate staff of the Office shall review and provide an
opinion on appraisals prepared by independent persons as to the suitability of
the appraisal methodology and the adequacy of the analysis and supportive data.
The Director after consideration of the appraisal report and the advice of the
appropriate staff shall, if he or she concurs in the valuation of the shares,
direct payment by the resulting association of the appraised fair market value
of the shares, upon surrender of the certificates representing such stock.
Payment shall be made, together with interest from the effective date of the
combination, at a rate deemed equitable by the Director.
(9) Costs and expenses. The costs and expenses of any
proceeding under this section may be apportioned and assessed by the Director
as he or she may deem equitable against all or some of the parties. In making
this determination the Director shall consider whether any party has acted
arbitrarily, vexatiously, or not in good faith in respect to the rights
provided by this section
(10) Voting and distribution. Any stockholder who has
demanded appraisal rights as provided in paragraph (c)(2) of this section shall
thereafter neither be entitled to vote such stock for any propose nor be
entitled to the payment of dividends or other distributions on the stock
(except dividends or other distribution payable to, or a vote to be taken by
stockholders of record at a date which is on or prior to, the effective date of
the combination): Provided, That if any stockholder becomes unentitled to
appraisal and payment of appraised value with respect to such stock and accepts
or is deemed to have accepted the terms offered upon the combination, such
stockholder shall thereupon be entitled to vote and receive the distributions
described above.
(11) Status. Shares of the resulting association into
which shares of the stockholders demanding appraisal rights would have been
converted or exchanged, had they assented to the combination, shall have the
status of authorized and unissued shares of the resulting association.
D-2
<PAGE> 235
APPENDIX E
UTAH FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK
AND SUBSIDIARY
Consolidated Financial Statements
and Schedules
September 30, 1995
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
TABLE OF CONTENTS
<S> <C>
Independent Auditors' Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-2
Consolidated Statement of Financial Position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-3
Consolidated Statements of Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-5
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-6
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-7
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-9
Consolidating Statement of Financial Condition (Schedule 1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-19
Consolidating Statements of Operations (Schedule 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-20
</TABLE>
E-1
<PAGE> 236
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT
Board of Directors and Stockholders
Utah Federal Savings Bank and Subsidiary
Salt Lake City, Utah
We have audited the accompanying consolidated statement of financial condition
of Utah Federal Savings Bank and Subsidiary as of September 30, 1995, and the
related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders' equity, and cash
flows for the years ended September 30, 1995 and 1994. These consolidated
financial statements are the responsibility of the Bank's management. Our
responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial
statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing
standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are
free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis,
evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial
statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and
significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall
consolidated financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits
provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present
fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Utah Federal Savings
Bank and Subsidiary as of September 30, 1995, and the results of their
operations and their cash flows for the years ended September 30, 1995 and 1994,
in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles.
Our audits were conducted for the purpose of forming an opinion on the
consolidated financial statements taken as a whole. The consolidating
information included in Schedules 1 and 2 is presented for the purpose of
additional analysis of the consolidated financial statements rather than to
present the financial position, results of operations, and cash flows of the
individual companies. The consolidating information has been subjected to the
auditing procedures applied in the audits of the consolidated financial
statements and, in our opinion, is fairly stated in all material respects in
relation to the consolidated financial statements taken as a whole.
Jones, Jensen & Company
May 12, 1996
E-2
<PAGE> 237
UTAH FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK AND SUBSIDIARY
Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition
ASSETS
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
June 30, September 30,
1996 1995
---- ----
(Unaudited)
<S> <C> <C>
Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and amounts due from depository institutions ............................. $ 1,936,254 $ 1,953,116
Interest-bearing deposits in other banks, including certificates of deposit
of $886,000 in 1995 ......................................................... 10,570,032 3,348,360
------------ ------------
Total cash and cash equivalents ............................................. 12,506,286 5,301,476
------------ ------------
Mortgage-backed securities
Securities held to maturity, market value of $24,353,521 (Note 3) ............. 13,000,632 24,108,839
Securities available, for sale, cost basis $122,302 ........................... 4,730,152 120,462
------------ ------------
Total mortgage-backed securities ............................................ 17,730,784 24,229,301
------------ ------------
Loans receivable, net of loss reserves $1,661,841
(Notes 4,9, and 12) ........................................................... 82,600,674 83,482,205
Loans receivable, held for sale, cost basis of $3,286,917 ....................... 1,680,416 3,286,917
Accrued interest receivable, net of allowance for estimated
uncollectible interest of $70,533 (Note 5) .................................... 724,407 768,907
Real estate acquired in settlement of loans ..................................... -- 51,335
Federal Home Loan Bank capital stock, at cost (Note 9) .......................... 4,071,200 3,850,400
Premises and equipment, net (Note 6) ............................................ 2,709,989 2,709,897
Income tax receivable (Note 10) ................................................. 17,010 132,685
Other assets .................................................................... 5,670 121,409
------------ ------------
Total assets .............................................................. $122,046,436 $123,934,532
============ ============
</TABLE>
E-3
<PAGE> 238
UTAH FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK AND SUBSIDIARY
Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition, Continued
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
June 30, September 30,
1996 1995
---- ----
Liabilities (Unaudited)
<S> <C> <C>
Deposits (Note 7) ........................................................ $108,431,875 $108,989,820
Other borrowings (Note 8) ................................................ 26,718 28,838
Federal Home Loan Bank advances (Note 9) ................................. -- 2,360,000
Advance payments by borrowers for taxes and insurance .................... 651,633 1,133,222
Deferred income taxes (Note 10) .......................................... 712,976 553,300
Other liabilities ........................................................ 826,711 689,151
------------ ------------
Total liabilities ..................................................... 110,649,973 113,754,331
------------ ------------
Stockholders' equity
$21 noncumulative convertible-preferred stock, $10 par value,
50,000 shares authorized, 38,000 shares issued and outstanding
liquidation preference $798,000 (Note 1b) ............................... -- 380,000
Common stock, $10 par value, 500,000 shares authorized, 101,000 shares
issued and outstanding (Notes 1b and 13) ................................ 1,390,000 1,010,000
Additional paid-in capital ............................................... 1,285,720 1,285,720
Retained earnings-substantially restricted (Notes 1b, 11, and 13) ........ 8,720,743 7,504,481
------------ ------------
Total stockholders' equity ............................................ 11,396,463 10,180,201
Commitments and contingencies (Note 12) .................................... -- --
------------ ------------
Total assets ......................................................... $122,046,436 $123,934,532
============ ============
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
E-4
<PAGE> 239
UTAH FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK AND SUBSIDIARY
Consolidated Statements of Operations
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
For the nine months ended For the years ended
June 30, September 30,
-------- -------------
1996 1995 1995 1994
---- ---- ---- ----
(Unaudited) (Unaudited)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Interest and dividend income:
Interest and fees on loans receivable ............. $6,708,651 $5,374,270 $ 7,699,953 $ 6,453,375
Interest on mortgage-backed securities ............ 1,027,756 1,252,290 1,666,110 1,245,783
Interest and dividends on investment securities ... 258,241 167,973 234,732 333,111
Other interest income ............................. 251,322 363,469 401,691 639,906
---------- ---------- ------------ -----------
Total interest and dividend income .............. 8,245,970 7,158,002 10,002,486 8,672,175
---------- ---------- ------------ -----------
Interest expense:
Interest on deposits (Note 7) ..................... 4,193,223 3,676,745 5,073,349 4,770,575
Interest on Federal Home Loan Bank advances ....... 3,828 27,900 31,754 119,056
Interest on other borrowings ...................... 2,067 4,360 5,251 6,797
---------- ---------- ------------ -----------
Total interest expense .......................... 4,199,118 3,709,005 5,110,354 4,896,428
---------- ---------- ------------ -----------
Net interest income before provision
for loan losses ................................. 4,046,852 3,448,997 4,892,132 3,775,747
Provision for loan losses (Note 4) .................. -- -- -- --
---------- ---------- ------------ -----------
Net interest income after provision
for loan losses ................................. 4,046,852 3,448,997 4,892,132 3,775,747
---------- ---------- ------------ -----------
Other income:
Loan servicing fees ............................... 192,270 193,573 259,752 236,650
Gain on sale of loans receivable .................. 267,548 113,779 163,866 180,560
Other income ...................................... 314,308 487,347 493,506 685,313
---------- ---------- ------------ -----------
Net other income ................................ 774,126 794,699 917,124 1,102,523
---------- ---------- ------------ -----------
General and administrative expenses:
Salaries and employee benefits .................... 1,674,186 1,710,412 2,381,489 1,908,706
Office occupancy .................................. 374,722 301,801 383,953 358,155
Advertising ....................................... 53,578 58,952 76,667 72,254
Federal insurance premiums ........................ 186,674 184,281 245,196 270,162
Gain on sale of real estate acquired in
settlement of loans ............................. -- (8,098) (8,098) (43,781)
Data processing ................................... 147,841 134,664 179,193 156,594
Real estate holding costs, net .................... 2,422 19,226 21,016 100,008
Other general and administrative expenses ......... 516,636 688,165 786,300 753,886
---------- ---------- ------------ -----------
Total general and administrative expenses ....... 2,956,059 3,089,403 4,065,716 3,575,984
---------- ---------- ------------ -----------
Income before income tax expense .................... 1,864,919 1,154,293 1,743,540 1,302,286
Income tax expense (Note 10) ........................ (555,140) (434,606) (373,772) (167,349)
---------- ---------- ------------ -----------
Net income ...................................... $1,309,779 $ 719,687 $ 1,369,768 $ 1,134,937
========== ========== ============ ===========
Earnings per share information:
Earnings per common share ......................... $ 9.42 $ 7.13 $ 13.65 $ 11.35
========== ========== ============ ===========
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
E-5
<PAGE> 240
UTAH FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK AND SUBSIDIARY
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Additional Total
Preferred Common Paid-in Retained Stockholders'
Stock Stock Capital Earnings Equity
----- ----- ------- -------- ------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Balances, September 30, 1993 ........................ $ 380,000 $1,000,000 $1,274,720 $5,246,911 $ 7,901,631
Dividends paid on preferred stock ................. -- -- -- (69,940) (69,940)
Dividends paid on common stock .................... -- -- -- (60,000) (60,000)
Market adjustment on mortgage backed securities
held for sale ................................... -- -- -- (541) (541)
Net income ........................................ -- -- -- 1,134,937 1,134,937
--------- ---------- ---------- ---------- -----------
Balances, September 30, 1994 ........................ 380,000 1,000,000 1,274,720 6,251,367 8,906,087
Issuance of common stock .......................... -- 10,000 11,000 -- 21,000
Dividends paid on preferred stock ................. -- -- -- (55,860) (55,860)
Dividends paid on common stock .................... -- -- -- (60,000) (60,000)
Market adjustment on mortgage-backed securities
held for sale ................................... -- -- -- (794) (794)
Net income ........................................ -- -- -- 1,369,768 1,639,768
--------- ---------- ---------- ---------- -----------
Balances, September 30, 1995 ........................ 380,000 1,010,000 1,285,720 7,504,481 10,180,201
Conversion of preferred stock (unaudited) ......... (380,000) 380,000 -- -- --
Dividends paid on preferred stock (unaudited) ..... -- -- -- (14,080) (14,080)
Dividends paid on common stock (unaudited) ........ -- -- -- (80,800) (80,800)
Market adjustment on mortgage backed securities
held for sale (unaudited) ....................... -- -- -- 1,363 1,363
Net income (unaudited) ............................ -- -- -- 1,309,779 1,309,779
--------- ---------- ---------- ---------- -----------
Balance, June 30, 1996 (unaudited) .................. -- $1,390,000 $1,285,720 $8,720,743 $11,396,463
========= ========== ========== ========== ===========
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
E-6
<PAGE> 241
UTAH FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK AND SUBSIDIARY
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
For the Nine Months Ended For the Years Ended
June 30, September 30,
----------------------------- ----------------------------
1996 1995 1995 1994
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
(Unaudited) (Unaudited)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income .................................................... $ 1,309,779 $ 719,687 $ 1,369,768 $ 1,134,937
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash
(used in) provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization ............................... 166,532 177,110 198,143 247,449
Provision for loan losses ................................... -- -- -- --
Provision for losses on real estate acquired in settlement of
loans and real estate held for investment ................. -- -- 18,502 --
Increase (decrease) in deferred loan fees ................... (160,799) (291,898) (448,251) (357,767)
Federal Home Loan Bank stock dividend ....................... (220,800) (167,800) (234,500) (306,800)
Gain on sale of premises and equipment ...................... -- -- (3,882) --
Gain on sale of loans receivable ............................ (267,548) (113,779) (163,866) (180,560)
Origination of loans held for sale .......................... (18,125,926) (7,105,294) (22,846,221) (18,356,236)
Proceeds from sale of loans held for sale ................... 19,609,917 7,012,582 20,144,890 21,172,072
Deferred income taxes ....................................... 159,676 -- (114,600) 207,900
Gain on the sale of real estate acquired in settlement
of loans .................................................. -- (8,320) (5,946) (43,781)
(Increase) Decrease in accrued interest receivable .......... 44,500 (172,176) (314,115) 76,784
Decrease (Increase) in income tax receivable ................ 115,675 96,884 (6,301) (126,384)
Decrease (Increase) in other assets ......................... 115,739 (259,005) 181,806 221,433
Increase (Decrease) in other liabilities .................... 137,620 336,837 (293,553) (1,069,012)
Market value increase (decrease) investment
available for sale ........................................ 17,938 -- -- --
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities ....... 2,866,427 224,828 (2,518,126) 2,620,035
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
Cash flows from investing activities
Decrease in real estate held for investment ................... -- (11,735) 39,600 119,202
Purchase of investment securities ............................. -- -- -- (1,032,500)
Maturities of investment securities ........................... -- -- -- 2,020,000
Purchase of mortgage-backed securities ........................ -- -- -- (14,269,817)
Repayment of principal on mortgage-backed securities .......... 5,533,512 3,498,336 5,427,776 5,411,986
Purchase of mortgage-backed securities held for sale .......... 590,925 -- -- (126,699)
Repayment of principal on mortgage-backed securities
held for sale ............................................... 982,296 2,187 1,711 3,191
Loans originated .............................................. (55,646,028) (34,110,217) (55,321,167) (27,103,943)
Repayment of loans receivable ................................. 56,530,427 24,557,859 40,329,092 32,241,875
Proceeds from the sale of real estate acquired in
settlement of loans ......................................... 51,335 204,447 345,571 209,811
Purchase of premises and equipment ............................ (166,624) (1,142,269) (1,431,143) (153,980)
Proceeds from sale of premises and equipment .................. -- -- 13,447 --
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities ......... $ 7,875,843 $ (7,001,392) $(10,595,113) $ (2,680,874)
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
E-7
<PAGE> 242
UTAH FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK AND SUBSIDIARY
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
For the Nine Months Ended For the Years Ended
June 30, September 30,
---------------------------- ----------------------------
1996 1995 1995 1994
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
(Unaudited) (Unaudited)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Cash flows from financing activities
Dividends on stock .............................................. $ (135,806) $ (101,934) $ (115,860) $ (115,860)
Proceeds from sale of common and preferred stock ................ -- 21,000 21,000 --
Increase (decrease) in deposits ................................. (557,945) (11,727) 2,224,531 (5,843,218)
Decrease in other borrowings .................................... (2,120) (70,003) (70,673) (83,251)
Repayments of Federal Home Loan Bank advances ................... (2,360,000) (1,000,000) (1,000,000) (2,000,000)
Proceeds from Federal Home Loan Bank advances ................... -- -- 2,360,000 --
Increase (decrease) in advance payments by
borrowers for taxes and insurance ............................. (481,589) (202,246) 90,831 (159,427)
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities ........... (3,357,460) (1,364,910) 3,509,829 (8,201,756)
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents ................ 7,204,810 (8,141,474) (9,603,410) (8,262,595)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period .................. 5,301,476 14,904,886 14,904,886 23,167,481
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period ........................ $ 12,506,286 $ 6,763,412 $ 5,301,476 $ 14,904,886
============ ============ ============ ============
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information
Cash paid during the year for interest, net of
amount credited to deposit accounts ........................... $ 370,495 $ 348,811 $ 43,118 $ 585,513
============ ============ ============ ============
Cash paid for income taxes ...................................... $ 387,500 $ 108,116 $ 484,173 $ 292,186
============ ============ ============ ============
Cash received from income tax refund ............................ $ 115,675 -- -- $ 190,304
============ ============ ============ ============
Supplemental schedule of noncash investing and financing activities
Interest credited to deposit accounts,
net of interest paid in cash .................................. $ 3,828,257 $ 3,361,243 $ 5,087,046 $ 4,350,752
============ ============ ============ ============
Real estate acquired in settlement of loans ..................... -- -- $ 51,335 $ 207,418
============ ============ ============ ============
Loans originated in connection with sale of real
estate acquired in settlement of loans ........................ -- -- -- $ 385,397
============ ============ ============ ============
Transfer of real estate acquired in settlement of
loans to premises and equipment ............................... $ -- $ -- $ 387,000 $ --
============ ============ ============ ============
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
E-8
<PAGE> 243
UTAH FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK AND SUBSIDIARY
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 1995
(1) Organization
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Utah Federal
Savings Bank (the Bank) and its wholly owned subsidiary, 2425 Service
Corporation (a service corporation incorporated in the state of Utah). All
significant intercompany transactions and accounts have been eliminated.
(A) Business
The Bank provides a full range of banking and other financial services
to its corporate, individual and institutional customers. The Bank is
subject to competition from other financial institutions, the
regulations of certain federal agencies, and undergoes periodic
examinations by those regulatory authorities.
(B) Conversion to Stock Form of Ownership
On September 23, 1992, the Bank converted from a Federally Chartered
Mutual Association to a Federally Chartered Stock Association through
the issuance of 38,000 shares of preferred stock and 100,000 shares of
common stock for $2,898,000 in gross proceeds. Costs associated with
the conversion that totaled $243,280 were deducted from gross proceeds.
The preferred stock bears noncumulative annual dividends of seven
percent per share. However, no dividends may be paid on the common
stock or common stock shares redeemed or retired unless full dividends
on the preferred stock for the then current fiscal year have been paid
or set aside. The preferred stock is convertible to shares of common
stock at the stockholder's option any time after two years from the
date of issuance. Each share of preferred stock is convertible into one
share of common stock, but if a full dividend is not paid during any
year prior to conversion of the preferred stock, the amount of common
stock to be received upon stock conversion will be increased to reflect
the amount of the unpaid dividends. In the event of the complete
liquidation or dissolution of the Bank, the preferred stockholders are
entitled to any accrued dividends for the then current fiscal year and
a liquidation preference of $21 per share, after payment or provision
for payment of (i) all debts and liabilities of the Bank (including all
savings deposits and accrued interest thereon), (ii) any accrued
dividends and (iii) any interests in the liquidation account.
At the time of the conversion, the Bank established a liquidation
account by restricting a portion of net worth for the benefit of
eligible account holders who maintain their deposit accounts after
conversion. In the event of a complete liquidation of the Bank, each
eligible account holder will be entitled to receive a distribution from
the liquidation account after payment of all creditors, but before a
liquidation distribution with respect to the preferred and common
stock. The liquidation account balance was approximately $1,446,000, at
September 30, 1995. This account will be proportionately reduced for
any subsequent reduction in the eligible holders' deposit accounts.
(2) Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
This summary of significant accounting policies of Utah Federal Savings Bank is
presented to assist in understanding the Bank's financial statements. The
financial statements and notes are representations of the Bank's management,
which is responsible for their integrity and objectivity. These accounting
principles conform to generally accepted accounting principles and have been
consistently applied in the preparation of these financial statements.
(A) Use of Estimates
The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity
with generally accepted accounting principles. In preparing the
consolidated financial statements, management is required to make
estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets
and liabilities as of the date of the statement of
E-9
<PAGE> 244
UTAH FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK AND SUBSIDIARY
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Continued
September 30, 1995
financial condition, and of revenues, and expenses for the years
reported. Accordingly, future results could be impacted by differences
in such estimates.
Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant
change in the near-term relate to the determination of the allowance
for loan losses, the valuation of real estate acquired in settlement of
loans, and the valuation of real estate held for investment. In
connection with the determination of the allowances for loan losses and
real estate owned, management obtains independent appraisals for
significant properties.
Management believes that the allowances for losses on loans, real
estate acquired in settlement of loans, and real estate held for
investment are adequate. While management uses available information to
recognize losses on loans, real estate acquired in settlement of loans,
and real estate held for investment, future additions to the allowances
may be necessary based on changes in economic conditions. In addition,
various regulatory agencies, as an integral part of their examination
process, periodically review the Bank's allowances for losses on loans,
real estate acquired in settlement of loans, and real estate held for
investment. Such agencies may require the Bank to recognize additions
to the allowances based on their judgments about information available
to them at the time of their examination.
(B) Investments and Mortgage-Backed Securities
Management determines the appropriate classification of securities at
the time of purchase. If management has the intent and the Bank has the
ability at the time of purchase to hold securities until maturity or on
a long-term basis, they are classified as investments and carried at
amortized historical cost. Securities to be held for indefinite periods
of time and not intended to be held to maturity or on a long-term basis
are classified as available for sale and carried at fair value.
Securities held for indefinite periods of time include securities that
management intends to use as part of its asset and liability management
strategy. Such securities may be sold in response to changes in
interest rates, and prepayment risk and other factors related to
interest rate changes.
Realized gains and losses on dispositions are based on the net proceeds
and the adjusted book value of the securities sold, using the specific
identification method. Unrealized gains and losses on investment
securities available for sale are based on the difference between book
value and fair value of each security. These unrealized gains and
losses are credited or charged to shareholders' equity, whereas
realized gains and losses flow through the Bank's yearly operations.
(C) Allowance for Estimated Losses on Loans
The allowance for estimated losses on loans is increased by charges to
income and decreased by charge offs (net of recoveries). Management's
periodic evaluation of the adequacy of the allowance is based on the
Bank's past loan loss experience, known and inherent risks in the
portfolio, adverse situations that may effect the borrower's ability to
repay, estimated value of any underlying collateral, and current and
prospective economic conditions. Interest is accrued as earned unless
management doubts the collectibility of the loan or the unpaid interest
or when a loan is contractually 90 days or more past due, at which time
the uncollected interest is charged off or an allowance is established.
The allowance is established by a charge to interest income equal to
all interest previously accrued and income is subsequently recognized
only to the extent cash payments are received until, in management's
judgment, the borrower's ability to make periodic interest and
principal payments is back to normal, in which case the loan is
returned to accrual status. Subsequent collection of delinquent
interest is reflected in income in the period of recovery.
E-10
<PAGE> 245
UTAH FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK AND SUBSIDIARY
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Continued
September 30, 1995
(D) Loans Held for Sale
Loans originated and intended for sale in the secondary market are
carried at the lower of cost or estimated market value in the
aggregate. Net unrealized losses are recognized in a valuation
allowance by charges to income.
(E) Gains and Losses from the Sale of Loans
The Bank sells whole loans and participations in mortgage loans,
without recourse, to institutional and private investors. Gains and
losses resulting from the sales of loans are determined on the
specific-identification method and reflect the extent that the sales
proceeds exceed or are less than the Bank's investment in the loans
(which includes the unpaid principal balance of the loans adjusted for
unearned discounts, premiums, and deferred fees at the time of sale).
In some cases, the Bank sells loans and continues to service such loans
for the investor. In these cases, the Bank recognizes a gain or loss on
the loan sale measured by the present value of the difference between
the yield on the loans and the yield to be paid to the buyer, reduced
by the normal servicing fees, over the estimated remaining lives of
those loans using market prepayment, default, and discount rate
assumptions. The resulting deferred discount or premium is amortized as
an addition to or deduction from income using the level-yield method,
adjusted for actual prepayments. The Bank periodically reviews the
remaining net premium to ensure that it does not exceed the present
value of the estimated excess servicing fees. In the event that actual
prepayments exceed the assumptions used in determining the gain or
loss, the deferred net premium is adjusted to reflect current
prepayment projections by a charge to earnings.
(F) Real Estate Acquired in the Settlement of Loans
Real estate acquired in the settlement of loans is recorded at the
lower of cost or fair value at the date of acquisition. Subsequent
valuations are performed by management and any excess carrying value
over estimated net realizable value is charged to operations. Costs
relating to the development and improvement of property are
capitalized, whereas those relating to holding the property are charged
to expense.
(G) Premises and Equipment
Premises and equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation and
amortization is generally computed on a straight-line method over the
estimated useful lives of 40 years for buildings, 20 years for
leasehold improvements, and 3 to 7 years for furniture and equipment.
(H) Income Taxes
The Bank has adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No.
109. Under the asset and liability method of FASB 109, deferred tax
assets and liabilities are recognized for future tax consequences
attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying
amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax
bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted
tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which
those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled.
The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax
rates is recognized as income or expense in the period that includes
the enactment date.
(I) Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents include cash and amounts due from depository
institutions and interest-bearing deposits in other banks, including
certificates of deposit. For purposes of the consolidated statements of
cash flows, the Bank considers all highly liquid debt instruments with
original maturities of six months or less to be cash equivalents.
E-11
<PAGE> 246
UTAH FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK AND SUBSIDIARY
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Continued
September 30, 1995
(J) Loan Origination and Commitment Fees and Related Costs
Loan fees and certain direct loan origination costs are deferred and
the net fee or cost is recognized in income according to FASB 91.
Commitment fees and costs relating to commitments whose likelihood of
exercise is remote are recognized over the commitment period on a
straight-line basis. If the commitment is subsequently exercised during
the commitment period, the remaining unamortized commitment fee at the
time of exercise is recognized over the life of the loan as an
adjustment of yield.
(K) Earnings Per Share
Earnings per share have been computed on the basis of the weighted
average number of shares outstanding in 1995 and 1994.
(L) Reclassifications
Certain reclassifications have been made to the prior financial
statements in order for them to conform with the current year
presentation.
(M) Escrowed Cash
The amount of escrowed cash held by the bank as a fiduciary or agent
was $1,287,956 as of September 30, 1995.
(3) Mortgage-Backed Securities
At September 30, 1995, the mortgage-backed securities portfolio was comprised of
securities classified as available for sale and held to maturity, in conjunction
with the early adoption of FASB 115, resulting in mortgage-backed securities
available for sale being carried at market value and mortgage-backed securities
held to maturity being carried at cost, adjusted for amortization of premiums
and accretions of discounts. FASB 115 does not allow retroactive restatement
and, therefore, the investment securities portfolio at September 30, 1995 was
carried at cost, adjusted for amortization of premiums and accretions of
discounts. There was no adjustment of the carrying value of mortgage-backed
securities required by the early adoption of FASB 115.
The carrying values, gross unrealized gains and losses, and estimated market
values of mortgage-backed securities held to maturity as of September 30, 1995
are as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1995
----------------------------------------------------------
Gross Gross Estimated
Carrying Unrealized Unrealized Market
Value Gains Losses Value
----------- ----------- ---------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Government National Mortgage
Association certificates .................. $ 492,408 $ 32,327 $ -- $ 524,735
Federal National Mortgage Association
adjustable rate certificates .............. 15,772,118 114,782 -- 15,886,900
Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation
adjustable certificates ................... 7,073,683 70,672 -- 7,144,355
Small Business Administration
adjustable certificates ................... 770,630 26,901 -- 797,531
----------- ----------- ---------- -----------
Total ................................... $24,108,839 $ 244,682 $ -- $24,353,521
=========== =========== ========== ===========
</TABLE>
E-12
<PAGE> 247
UTAH FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK AND SUBSIDIARY
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Continued
September 30, 1995
The carrying values, gross unrealized gains and losses, and estimated market
valued of mortgage-backed securities available for sale at September 30, 1995
are as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Gross Gross Estimated
Carrying Unrealized Unrealized Market
Value Gains Losses Value
--------- ---------- ---------- ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Federal National Mortgage Association
adjustable rate certificates . . . . . . . $ 67,811 $ -- $ 1,238 $ 66,573
Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation
adjustable securities . . . . . . . . . . . 54,491 -- 602 53,889
--------- ------- -------- --------
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 122,302 $ -- $ 1,840 $120,462
========= ======= ======== ========
</TABLE>
(4) Loans Receivable
Loans receivable consist of the following:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
September 30, 1995
------------------
<S> <C>
Loans secured by real estate:
One-to-four family residential loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $73,194,974
Other conventional loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,800,038
Commercial real estate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,190,243
FHA and VA loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,052,519
Land acquisition and development loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,353,000
-----------
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97,590,774
Loans collateralized by savings deposits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 896,374
Consumer, home improvements, and other loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,141,371
-----------
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99,628,519
Less:
Undisbursed portion of construction loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,711,268
Net deferred loan fees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 773,205
Allowance for loan losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,661,841
-----------
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $83,482,205
===========
</TABLE>
Loans are made in the normal course of business to various officers and
directors of the Bank. The terms of these loans, including interest rates and
collateral, are similar to those prevailing for comparable transactions and do
not involve more than a normal risk of collectibility. Activity during fiscal
year ended September 30, 1995 included new loans of $1,630,000, repayment of
$58,000 with an ending balance of $1,840,000.
The activity in the allowances for losses on loans receivable, real estate
acquired in settlement of loans, and real estate held for investment is
summarized as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1995
----
<S> <C>
Allowance for losses on:
Loans receivable:
Beginning balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,677,086
Provisions for losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . --
Charge offs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (23,045)
Recoveries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,800
----------
Ending balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,661,841
==========
</TABLE>
E-13
<PAGE> 248
UTAH FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK AND SUBSIDIARY
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Continued
September 30, 1995
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
Real estate acquired in settlement of loans:
Beginning balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 300,772
Provisions for losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,502
Charge offs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (319,274)
Recoveries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . --
---------
Ending balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ --
=========
</TABLE>
Loans on nonaccrual status were approximately $152,000 at September 30, 1995. At
the original contract rates, additional interest income of approximately $6,500
and $4,000 for the year ended September 30, 1995, would have been recognized had
these loans performed as originally agreed. Renegotiated loans for which
interest has been reduced was insignificant.
The balance of loan participations sold without recourse and loans serviced for
others, not included in the accompanying consolidated statements of financial
condition, was $58,189,109 at September 30, 1995.
(5) Accrued Interest Receivable
Accrued interest receivable is as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1995
----
<S> <C>
Loans receivable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $576,257
Investment securities and interest-bearing deposits in
other banks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,187
Mortgage-backed securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179,463
--------
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $768,907
========
</TABLE>
(6) Premises and Equipment
Premises and equipment and related accumulated depreciation and amortization are
as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
September 30, 1995
------------------
<S> <C>
Land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 1,231,899
Buildings and leasehold improvements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,347,053
Furniture and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,623,169
Accumulated depreciation and amortization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (1,492,224)
------------
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 2,709,897
============
</TABLE>
(7) Deposits
Deposits account balances at September 30, 1995 is summarized as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1995
--------------------------------
Weighted Average
Interest Rate Carrying Value
---------------- --------------
<S> <C> <C>
NOW accounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.20% $ 9,548,903
Passbook accounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.98% 9,444,109
Money market accounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.90% 7,756,462
-----------
26,749,474
-----------
</TABLE>
E-14
<PAGE> 249
UTAH FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK AND SUBSIDIARY
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Continued
September 30, 1995
<TABLE>
<S> <C> <C>
Certificates:
3 to 6 month maturities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.90% 10,445,664
7 to 24 month maturities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.09% 38,358,993
Over 24 month maturities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.20% 33,435,689
============
Total certificates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82,240,346
============
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $108,989,820
============
</TABLE>
At September 30, 1995, scheduled maturities of certificates of deposit are as
follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ending September 30,
---------------------------------------------
1996 1997 1998 After 1988 Total
----------- ----------- ---------- ---------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
4.0% to 4.99% . . $11,110,207 $1,715,062 $ 12,133 $ 537,226 $13,374,628
5.0% to 5.99% . . 24,440,380 848,130 1,458,012 1,121,540 27,868,062
6.0% to 6.99% . . 19,903,356 8,422,256 2,891,748 7,599,292 38,816,652
7.0% to 7.99% . . 2,162,630 -- 12,083 6,291 2,181,004
----------- ----------- ---------- ---------- -----------
$57,616,573 $10,985,448 $4,373,976 $9,264,349 $82,240,346
=========== =========== ========== ========== ===========
</TABLE>
Interest expense on deposits was as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
September 30, 1995
------------------
<S> <C>
NOW accounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 154,936
Passbook accounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 306,934
Money market accounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269,782
Certificates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,341,697
----------
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $5,073,349
==========
</TABLE>
Jumbo CD's were $8,073,005 as of September 30, 1995.
(8) Other Borrowings
The Bank's other borrowings consists of notes payable at September 30, 1995. The
weighted average interest rates and maturity schedule for notes payable are as
follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1995
--------------------------------
Weighted Average
Interest Rate Carrying Value
---------------- --------------
<S> <C> <C>
Three to five years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -- $ --
Five or more years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.00% 28,838
---------
$ 28,838
=========
</TABLE>
(9) Federal Home Loan Bank Advances
Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) advances consist of the following:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
September 30, 1995
--------------------------------
Weighted Average
Interest Rate Carrying Value
---------------- --------------
<S> <C> <C>
Fiscal year of maturity
1996 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.925% $2,360,000
==========
</TABLE>
E-15
<PAGE> 250
UTAH FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK AND SUBSIDIARY
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Continued
September 30, 1995
The Bank is required to maintain pledged collateral, consisting of certain
qualifying real estate loans, equal to at least 120% of the balance of advances
outstanding. The stock of the FHLB is also pledged as collateral for the
advances.
(10) Income Taxes
Income tax benefit (expense) consists of the following:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
September 30, 1995
------------------
<S> <C>
Current:
State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ (63,556)
Federal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (424,816)
---------
(488,372)
---------
Deferred:
State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,700
Federal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99,900
---------
114,600
---------
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $(373,772)
=========
</TABLE>
The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions
of the deferred tax assets and liabilities at September 30, 1995 are as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1995
----
<S> <C>
Deferred tax assets:
Deferred loan fees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $309,400
Book allowance for losses on loans and real estate
owned in excess of tax allowance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94,900
Stock appreciation rights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30,400
---------
Total gross deferred tax assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 434,700
Less valuation allowance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . --
---------
Net deferred tax assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 434,700
---------
Deferred tax liabilities:
Federal Home Loan Bank stock dividends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (957,000)
Tax depreciation in excess of book . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (31,000)
---------
Total deferred tax liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (988,000)
---------
Net deferred tax liability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $(553,300)
=========
</TABLE>
If certain conditions are met in determining taxable income, the Bank is allowed
a special bad debt deduction for tax purposes based on a percentage of taxable
income, or tax reserves are determined based on specified experience formulas.
For financial statement purposes and its tax return, the Bank uses the most
beneficial method for computing its bad debt deduction.
Retained earnings at September 30, 1995 includes approximately $1,418,000 for
which no provision for federal income tax has been made. This amount represents
an allocation of income to bad debt deductions for tax purposes only. Reduction
of amounts so allocated for purposes other than tax bad debt losses or
adjustments arising from carryback of net operating losses would create income
for tax purposes only, which would be subject to the then current corporate
income tax rate.
The Bank files consolidated income tax returns on a calendar-year basis.
E-16
<PAGE> 251
UTAH FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK AND SUBSIDIARY
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Continued
September 30, 1995
(11) Profit Sharing Plan and Stock Appreciation Rights
The Bank has an employee profit sharing plan for all employees who have
completed at least 1,000 hours during one year service. Participants must
contribute from 1/2 to 4 percent of their base compensation, limited to $60,000
of base compensation per participant per year, and the Bank is required to pay
the lesser of 25 percent of profits before income taxes or 1.875 to 15 percent
of all base compensation. The Bank made contributions of $123,996 for the year
ended September 30, 1995.
The Bank has an agreement with two key officers, as of September 30, 1993, and
with one key officer for the year ended September 30, 1994, for the granting of
Stock Appreciation Rights (SAR). SARs permit each optionee to surrender an
exercisable option for an amount equal to the stock share amount reduced by
forty-nine dollars (the stock share amount is defined as the amounts reflected
in the shareholders' equity accounts, as of the end of the preceding Stock
Option Plan year, divided by the total number of shares of preferred and common
stock). Each employee was granted 1,000 shares effective December 31, 1993, one
employee is granted 1,000 shares for each successive December 31, 1993, and
thereafter through December 31, 2003. Upon exercising the options, the shares
are placed into a voting trust, to be voted by the trustee (a major
shareholder). As of September 30, 1995, there were 2,000 SARs or options
outstanding.
(12) Commitments and Contingencies
The Bank leases office space and equipment under operating lease agreements that
require approximate future minimum annual payments as follows:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Years ended September 30:
-------------------------
<S> <C>
1996 $ 61,179
1997 55,217
1998 50,145
1999 5,828
-------------
Total $ 172,369
=============
</TABLE>
Rent expenses for the years ended September 30, 1995 and 1994 amounted to
$101,575 and $85,108, respectively.
The Bank had primarily fixed-rate loan commitments outstanding of approximately
$4,142,247 at September 30, 1995, excluding undisbursed portions of construction
loans in process. Commitments, which are disbursed subject to certain
limitations, extend over time with the majority disbursed within a one-month
period. The range of interest rates on the commitments were from 5.875 to 12.25
percent at September 30, 1995. The Bank had undisbursed balances on lines of
credit of approximately $648,599 at September 30, 1995. In addition, the Bank
has an outstanding letter of credit for approximately $2,354,000 at September
30, 1995. Loans receivable and mortgage-backed securities pledged in connection
with this outstanding letter of credit was approximately $4,846,795 at September
30, 1995. The Bank has commitments to sell loans of $2,036,466 at September 30,
1995.
(13) Regulatory Capital
Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery, and Enforcement Act of 1989 (FIRREA)
includes minimum capital requirements for savings institutions, provisions for
changes in the federal regulatory structure for institutions including a new
deposit insurance system, increased deposit insurance premiums, and restricted
investment activities with respect to noninvestment grade corporate debt and
certain other investments. FIRREA also increases the required ratio of housing
related assets in order to qualify as a savings institution.
The regulations require institutions to have a minimum regulatory tangible
capital equal to 1.5 percent of adjusted total assets, a minimum of 3 percent
core capital ratio, and a 8.0 percent risk-based capital ratio at September 30,
E-17
<PAGE> 252
UTAH FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK AND SUBSIDIARY
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Continued
September 30, 1995
1995. Included in regulatory capital is $803,982 and $72,000 at September 30,
1995, which consists of real estate acquired in settlement of foreclosed assets
held for five years or more and that portion of land loans and non-residential
construction loans in excess of 80% loan to value ratio. This amount is required
to be deducted from regulatory Risk-Based Capital starting with ten percent on
July 1, 1990, and increasing periodically to 100 percent on July 1, 1994.
The Bank's capital as defined by FIRREA was as follows (in thousands)
(unaudited):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
September 30, 1995
--------------------------------
Amount Percent
----------- -------
<S> <C> <C>
Tangible capital . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 10,128 8.17%
Tangible capital requirement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,859 1.50%
----------- -----
Excess over requirement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 8,269 6.67%
=========== =====
Core capital . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 10,128 8.17%
Core capital requirement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,718 3.00%
----------- -----
Excess over requirement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 6,410 5.17%
=========== =====
Risk-based capital . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 10,975 16.35%
Risk-based capital requirement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,370 8.00%
----------- -----
Excess over requirement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 5,605 8.35%
=========== =====
</TABLE>
The Bank is in compliance with all regulatory capital requirements at September
30, 1995.
(14) Subsequent Event
On February 21, 1996, the Board of Directors approved a share for share
conversion of all outstanding shares of preferred stock to common stock. See
also note 1(b)
E-18
<PAGE> 253
Schedule 1
UTAH FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK AND SUBSIDIARY
Consolidating Statement of Financial Condition
September 30, 1995
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
2425
Utah Federal Service Consolidated
Savings Bank Corporation Eliminations Assets
------------ ----------- ------------ ------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Assets
Cash and amounts due from depository
institutions ............................ $ 1,965,409 $ 185,139 $ (197,432) $ 1,953,116
Interest-bearing deposits in other banks,
including certificates of deposit ....... 3,039,435 308,925 -- 3,348,360
Mortgage-backed securities ................ 24,108,839 -- -- 24,108,839
Mortgage-backed securities held for sale .. 120,462 -- -- 120,462
Loans receivable .......................... 83,457,808 31,889 (7,492) 83,482,205
Loans receivable held for sale ............ 3,286,917 -- -- 3,286,917
Accrued interest receivable ............... 768,907 -- -- 768,907
Real estate acquired in settlement of loans 51,335 -- -- 51,335
Federal Home Loan Bank capital stock ...... 3,850,400 -- -- 3,850,400
Premises and equipment .................... 2,693,127 16,770 -- 2,709,897
Income tax receivable ..................... 132,685 -- -- 132,685
Other assets .............................. 112,106 9,303 -- 121,409
Investment in service corp ................ 525,423 -- (525,423) --
------------- ------------- ------------- -------------
Total Assets ............................ $ 124,112,853 $ 552,026 $ (730,347) $ 123,934,532
============= ============= ============= =============
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
Deposits .................................. $ 109,187,252 -- $ (197,432) $ 108,989,820
Other borrowings .......................... 28,838 $ 7,492 (7,492) 28,838
Federal Home Loan Bank advances ........... 2,360,000 -- -- 2,360,000
Advance payments by borrowers for taxes
and insurance ........................... 1,133,222 -- -- 1,133,222
Deferred income taxes ..................... 553,300 -- -- 553,300
Other liabilities ......................... 670,040 19,111 -- 689,151
------------- ------------- ------------- -------------
Total liabilities ....................... 113,932,652 26,603 (204,924) 113,754,331
------------- ------------- ------------- -------------
Stockholders' equity:
Preferred stock ......................... 380,000 -- -- 380,000
Common stock ............................ 1,010,000 492,000 (492,000) 1,010,000
Additional paid-in capital .............. 1,285,720 -- -- 1,285,720
Retained earnings ....................... 7,504,481 33,423 (33,423) 7,504,481
------------- ------------- ------------- -------------
Total stockholders' equity .............. 10,180,201 525,423 (525,423) 10,180,201
------------- ------------- ------------- -------------
$ 124,112,853 $ 552,026 $ (730,347) $ 123,934,532
============= ============= ============= =============
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
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Schedule 2
UTAH FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK AND SUBSIDIARY
Consolidating Statements of Operations
Year Ended September 30, 1995
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
2425
Utah Federal Service Consolidated
Savings Bank Corporation Eliminations Assets
------------ ----------- ------------ ------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Interest and dividend income:
Interest and fees on loans receivable ....... $ 7,697,361 $ 2,592 -- $ 7,699,953
Interest on mortgage-backed securities ...... 1,666,110 -- -- 1,666,110
Interest and dividends on
investment securities ..................... 234,732 -- -- 234,732
Other interest income ....................... 379,509 22,603 (421) 401,691
----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
Total interest and dividend income ........ 9,977,712 25,195 (421) 10,002,486
----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
Interest expense:
Interest on deposits ........................ 5,073,770 -- (421) 5,073,349
Interest on Federal Home Loan Bank
advances .................................. 31,754 -- -- 31,754
Interest on other borrowings ................ 4,724 527 -- 5,251
----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
Total interest expense .................... 5,110,248 527 (421) 5,110,354
----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
Net interest income before provisions for
loan losses ........................... 4,867,464 24,668 -- 4,892,132
Provision for loan losses ..................... -- -- -- --
----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
Net interest income after provision for
loan losses ........................... 4,867,464 24,668 -- 4,892,132
----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
Other income:
Loan servicing fees ......................... 259,752 -- -- 259,752
Gain on sale of loans ....................... 163,866 -- -- 163,866
Income on service corp ...................... 4,955 -- (4,955) --
Other income ................................ 469,876 224,846 (201,216) 493,506
----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
Net other income .......................... $ 898,449 $ 224,846 $ (206,171) $ 917,124
----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
General and administrative:
Salaries and employee ....................... $ 2,295,201 $ 86,288 $ -- $ 2,381,489
Office occupancy ............................ 379,341 4,612 -- 383,953
Advertising ................................. 76,667 -- -- 76,667
Federal insurance premiums .................. 245,196 -- -- 245,196
Loss on sale of real estate acquired in
settlement of loans ....................... (8,098) -- -- (8,098)
Data processing ............................. 179,193 -- -- 179,193
Real estate holding costs, net .............. 21,016 -- -- 21,016
Other general and administrative expenses ... 837,600 149,916 (201,216) 786,300
----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
Total general and administrative expenses . 4,026,116 240,816 (201,216) 4,065,716
----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
Income (loss) before income
tax (expense) benefit ................... 1,739,797 8,698 (4,955) 1,743,540
Income tax expense ............................ (370,029) (3,743) -- (373,772)
----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
Net income ................................ $ 1,369,768 $ 4,955 $ (4,955) $ 1,369,768
=========== =========== =========== ===========
</TABLE>
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
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APPENDIX F
INFORMATION CONCERNING THE KEYSTONE TRANSACTION AND KEYSTONE HOLDINGS
THE KEYSTONE TRANSACTION
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
THE KEYSTONE TRANSACTION............................................................................. F-3
General..................................................................................... F-3
Reasons for the Keystone Transaction; Recommendation of the Washington Mutual Board......... F-4
Registration Rights and Resales of Washington Mutual Common Stock........................... F-6
Conditions to the Keystone Transaction...................................................... F-7
The Litigation Escrow....................................................................... F-9
MANAGEMENT AND OPERATIONS OF WASHINGTON MUTUAL FOLLOWING THE KEYSTONE
TRANSACTION................................................................................. F-11
General..................................................................................... F-11
Board of Directors.......................................................................... F-11
Operations After the Keystone Transaction................................................... F-11
COMBINED UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.......................................... F-14
Pro Forma Combined Consolidated Statement of Financial Position............................. F-15
Notes to Pro Forma Combined Consolidated Statement of Financial Position.................... F-16
Pro Forma Combined Consolidated Statements of Income........................................ F-18
Notes to Pro Forma Combined Consolidated Statements of Income............................... F-20
PROPOSED AMENDMENT TO WASHINGTON MUTUAL ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION -
INCREASE IN AUTHORIZED SHARES............................................................... F-22
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS
BUSINESS OF KEYSTONE HOLDINGS........................................................................ F-23
Lending Activities.......................................................................... F-24
Investing Activities........................................................................ F-29
Funding Activities.......................................................................... F-30
Asset Liability Management.................................................................. F-32
Taxation.................................................................................... F-32
Properties.................................................................................. F-32
Legal Proceedings........................................................................... F-32
Management.................................................................................. F-33
Keystone Holdings Common Stock; Dividends................................................... F-35
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS.................................................................................... F-36
General..................................................................................... F-36
The 1988 Acquisition........................................................................ F-37
The Warrants................................................................................ F-39
REGULATION AND SUPERVISION........................................................................... F-39
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS
OF OPERATIONS OF KEYSTONE HOLDINGS.......................................................... F-40
Summary Financial Information for Keystone Holdings......................................... F-41
Financial Condition......................................................................... F-41
Originations................................................................................ F-42
Credit Quality.............................................................................. F-43
</TABLE>
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<TABLE>
<S> <C>
Deposits and Other Borrowings............................................................... F-48
Results of Operations....................................................................... F-49
Capital Regulations and Requirements........................................................ F-58
Asset/Liability Management.................................................................. F-59
Liquidity and Capital Resources............................................................. F-60
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF KEYSTONE HOLDINGS............................................... F-62
Independent Auditors' Report................................................................ F-63
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 1995 and 1994................................ F-64
Consolidated Statements of Earnings for the Years Ended December 31, 1995, 1994 and 1993.... F-65
Consolidated Statements of Stockholder's Equity for the Years Ended December 31, 1995, 1994
and 1993............................................................................. F-66
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended December 31, 1995, 1994 and
1993................................................................................. F-67
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.................................................. F-69
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS AS OF JUNE 30, 1996......................................................................... F-110
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets....................................................... F-111
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings............................................... F-112
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholder's Equity................................... F-113
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows............................................. F-114
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements........................................ F-116
</TABLE>
F-2
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THE KEYSTONE TRANSACTION
The following is a discussion of certain matters related to the
Keystone Transaction and Keystone Holdings. The following information, insofar
as it relates to matters contained in the Keystone Merger Agreement, the Warrant
Exchange Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement, is qualified in its
entirety by reference to the other information contained elsewhere in this Proxy
Statement/Prospectus and the documents, including the agreements noted above,
incorporated herein by reference.
UTAH FEDERAL SHAREHOLDERS ARE URGED TO READ THIS APPENDIX F AND THE
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE IN THEIR ENTIRETY.
GENERAL
On July 22, 1996, Washington Mutual publicly announced it had entered
into several agreements with Keystone Holdings, Inc. ("Keystone Holdings") and
the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (the "FDIC"), as manager of the
Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation ("FSLIC") Resolution Fund (the
"FRF") (the FDIC in its capacity as manager of the FRF is referred to herein as
the "FDIC-Manager"), pursuant to which, among other things, Washington Mutual
would merge with Keystone Holdings and the direct and indirect subsidiaries of
Keystone Holdings, including American Savings Bank, F.A. ("ASB"), would become
wholly-owned subsidiaries of Washington Mutual (the "Keystone Transaction"). In
connection with the Keystone Transaction, Washington Mutual intends to call a
special meeting of its shareholders (the "Washington Mutual Special Meeting") at
which the holders of Washington Mutual common stock, no par value per share
("Washington Mutual Common Stock"), will be asked to vote to approve the
Keystone Transaction. Consummation of the Keystone Transaction requires the
implementation of the following agreements and the completion of the following
actions:
Washington Mutual has entered into that certain Agreement for Merger,
which includes the form of Plan of Merger contained therein, dated as of July
21, 1996 (the "Keystone Merger Agreement"), among Washington Mutual, Keystone
Holdings Partners, L.P., the sole shareholder of Keystone Holdings ("KHP"),
Keystone Holdings, New American Holdings, Inc. ("New Holdings'), New American
Capital, Inc. ("New Capital"), N.A. Capital Holdings, Inc. ("NACH Inc."), and
ASB (Keystone Holdings, New Holdings, New Capital, NACH Inc. and ASB are
collectively referred to in this Proxy Statement as the "Keystone Entities"),
pursuant to which Keystone Holdings will merge with and into Washington Mutual
(the "Keystone Merger") and, as a result, the direct and indirect subsidiaries
of Keystone Holdings, including ASB, will become subsidiaries of Washington
Mutual.
The parties to the Keystone Merger Agreement, together with the FDIC,
as manager of the FRF and certain affiliates of Keystone Holdings and KHP have
also entered into that certain Warrant Exchange Agreement dated as of July 21,
1996 (the "Warrant Exchange Agreement"). Pursuant to the Warrant Exchange
Agreement the FDIC-Manager has agreed to exchange certain warrants (the
"Warrants") representing the right to purchase shares of NACH Inc., a subsidiary
of Keystone Holdings and the parent corporation of ASB, for shares of Washington
Mutual Common Stock (the "Warrant Exchange").
In the Keystone Transaction, Washington Mutual will issue 47,883,333
shares of Washington Mutual Common Stock as follows: 25,883,333 shares to KHP
(the "Keystone Initial Shares") for immediate distribution to its general and
limited partners (the "Investors"); 14,000,000 shares to the FRF (the "FRF
Initial Shares"); and 8,000,000 shares (the "Litigation Escrow Shares") to an
escrow for the benefit of the Investors and the FRF (the "Litigation Escrow").
The Keystone Initial Shares and the FRF Initial Shares are referred to
collectively as the "Initial Shares." If, prior to the consummation of the
Keystone Transaction, the Washington Mutual Common Stock undergoes a stock
split, stock dividend, recapitalization or similar transaction, the number of
shares to be issued in the Keystone Transaction will be adjusted accordingly.
All references in this Proxy Statement/Prospectus to any number of shares of
Washington Mutual Common Stock to be issued in the Keystone Transaction refer to
such number as so adjusted. After the Keystone Transaction and assuming all of
the Litigation Escrow Shares are released, the Investors will own approximately
31,100,000 shares of Washington Mutual Common Stock, or approximately 25.9% of
the Washington Mutual Common Stock then outstanding (based on the number of
shares outstanding on the record date for the Washington Mutual Special Meeting
plus the Initial Shares and Litigation
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<PAGE> 258
Escrow Shares). In addition, to the extent that the FDIC-Manager does not sell
the FRF Initial Shares as soon as practicable after the Effective Date pursuant
to the Registration Rights Agreement, the FRF will own approximately 14.0% of
the Washington Mutual Common Stock then outstanding (based on the number of
shares outstanding on the record date for the Washington Mutual Special Meeting
plus the Initial Shares and Litigation Escrow Shares).
The last reported sales price of a share of Washington Mutual Common
Stock on The Nasdaq Stock Market on October 24, 1996 was $39.44. Based on such
sales price, the value of the Keystone Initial Shares and the FRF Initial Shares
would be approximately $1,020,774,000 and $552,125,000, respectively, and the
value of the Litigation Escrow Shares would be $315,500,000. The actual sales
price of a share of Washington Mutual Common Stock as of the effective date of
the Keystone Transaction and the value of the shares to be issued may vary
materially from such amounts.
Washington Mutual, KHP and the FDIC-Manager will enter into an escrow
agreement (the "Escrow Agreement") pursuant to which the Litigation Escrow
Shares (or a portion thereof) will be released, 64.9% to the Investors and 35.1%
to the FRF, or their respective assigns, to the extent that Washington Mutual
receives net cash proceeds from certain litigation that Keystone Holdings and
certain of its affiliates are pursuing against the United States, which
litigation is being assumed by Washington Mutual in the Keystone Transaction
(the "Case").
In addition, Washington Mutual, KHP and the FDIC-Manager have entered
into that certain Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of July 21, 1996 (the
"Registration Rights Agreement"), which provides that Washington Mutual will be
required, if the Keystone Transaction closes, to use its best efforts to
register for resale to the public under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended
(the "Securities Act"), shares of Washington Mutual Common Stock issued in the
Keystone Transaction. Pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement, Washington
Mutual has agreed to file and use its best efforts to cause to become effective
with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") as soon as practicable
after the effective date of the Keystone Transaction on a date mutually
acceptable to Washington Mutual and the participants in such underwriting a
registration statement for an underwritten public offering of between 7,500,000
and 20,000,000 shares of Washington Mutual Common Stock issued in the Keystone
Transaction (the "Initial Underwriting"). It is currently expected that the
FDIC-Manager will sell the FRF Initial Shares in the Initial Underwriting,
although there are no assurances that the FDIC-Manager will sell all or any of
such shares. Pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement, the Investors and
the FRF will also receive additional registration rights as described in "--
Registration Rights and Resales of Washington Mutual Common Stock."
As a further condition to the consummation of the Keystone Transaction,
at the Washington Mutual Special Meeting the holders of Washington Mutual Common
Stock will be asked to vote separately and as a group with the holders of each
of the Washington Mutual 9.12% Noncumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series C
(the "Series C Preferred"), $6.00 Noncumulative Convertible Perpetual Preferred
Stock, Series D (the "Series D Preferred"), and 7.60% Noncumulative Perpetual
Preferred Stock, Series E (the "Series E Preferred") (collectively, the
"Preferred Stock") to consider and vote on a proposal to approve an amendment to
Washington Mutual's Restated Articles of Incorporation (the "Articles") to
increase the number of authorized shares of Washington Mutual Common Stock from
100,000,000 shares to 350,000,000 shares. The implementation of the Keystone
Transaction is conditioned on the approval of the amendment to the Articles.
CONSUMMATION OF THE KEYSTONE TRANSACTION IS SUBJECT TO THE SATISFACTION
OF A NUMBER OF CONDITIONS, INCLUDING APPROVAL BY THE SHAREHOLDERS OF WASHINGTON
MUTUAL OF THE KEYSTONE TRANSACTION AND THE AMENDMENT TO THE ARTICLES. THERE CAN
BE NO ASSURANCE THAT THE KEYSTONE TRANSACTION WILL BE CONSUMMATED.
REASONS FOR THE KEYSTONE TRANSACTION; RECOMMENDATION OF THE WASHINGTON MUTUAL
BOARD
The Washington Mutual Board of Directors (the "Washington Mutual
Board") believes that Keystone Holdings and ASB are a unique strategic fit with
Washington Mutual, which will allow Washington Mutual to expand into California
with a financially strong institution that has similar business strategies,
strong management and complementary product capabilities.
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<PAGE> 259
In 1995, the Washington Mutual Board revised its 5-year strategic plan.
The strategies enumerated in the strategic plan include strengthening Washington
Mutual's consumer banking franchise throughout the West; diversifying its
business mix by deploying capital to higher growth business lines, such as
commercial banking; decreasing Washington Mutual's sensitivity to movements in
interest rates; improving margins of its core businesses; operating more
efficiently; and maintaining strong asset quality.
The Washington Mutual Board believes that the Keystone Transaction
satisfies elements of this strategic plan. In particular, the following benefits
were identified by the Washington Mutual Board:
- Strengthens Consumer Banking Franchise in West. The Keystone
Transaction will give Washington Mutual immediate access to
the consumer banking market in California. ASB has a
state-wide presence in California, with over 200 branches and
loan offices concentrated in the Los Angeles and San Francisco
areas. The Keystone Transaction will add more than 500,000 new
households to Washington Mutual's customer base.
- Decreases Washington Mutual's Sensitivity to Interest Rate
Changes. ASB's loan and investment portfolios consist
primarily of ARMs and variable rate mortgage-backed
securities. This will complement Washington Mutual's
portfolios, which contain a much higher percentage of fixed
rate mortgages, and will accelerate Washington Mutual's
efforts to reduce the sensitivity of its results of operations
to changes in prevailing interest rates.
- Expense Savings. The consolidation of certain head office
functions and back office operations is expected to achieve
annual savings of operating costs projected by management at
$25 million and $50 million (pre-tax) in 1997 and 1998,
respectively.
The benefits described above are forward-looking statements and actual
results may vary materially from such projections. See "PROXY
STATEMENT/PROSPECTUS -- THE MERGER -- Risk Factors Related to the Keystone
Transaction and Keystone Holdings," for factors that may cause such variances.
The Washington Mutual Board considered certain potentially negative
factors in its deliberations regarding the Keystone Transaction, such as the
risk that economic conditions in California where ASB has the bulk of its real
estate assets could deteriorate, the fact that following the Keystone
Transaction a significant amount of Washington Mutual Common Stock would be held
by a single shareholder or group of shareholders, the level of competition the
Company would face in California, the effect on the Company's capital of a
special SAIF assessment and the Company's potential inability following the
Keystone Transaction to refinance certain outstanding debt and preferred equity
of subsidiaries of Keystone Holdings. See "MANAGEMENT AND OPERATIONS OF
WASHINGTON MUTUAL FOLLOWING THE KEYSTONE TRANSACTION -- Operations After the
Keystone Transaction." The Washington Mutual Board determined, however, that the
benefits of the Keystone Transaction discussed above outweighed the potential
negative factors.
In reaching its conclusion, the Washington Mutual Board considered
information provided at its February 20, 1996, June 18, 1996 and July 19, 1996
board meetings, including, among other things, (i) information concerning the
financial performance and condition, business operations, capital levels, asset
quality, loan portfolio breakdown and prospects of ASB and information
concerning the two companies on a combined basis; (ii) the structure of the
Keystone Transaction, including the accounting treatment of the Keystone
Transaction and the fact that Washington Mutual's shareholders would retain
approximately 66% of the common equity of the combined company; (iii) the terms
of the Keystone Merger Agreement, Warrant Exchange Agreement, Registration
Rights Agreement, Escrow Agreement, and other documents to be executed in the
Keystone Transaction; (iv) the state of the California economy; (v) the
presentation and recommendation made by the management of Washington Mutual;
(vi) current industry, economic and market conditions and trends, including the
likelihood of continuing consolidation and increasing competition in the banking
and financial services industries; (vii) the possibility of achieving
significant cost savings, operating efficiencies and synergies as a result of
the Keystone Transaction; (viii) the fairness opinions of CS First Boston
Corporation ("CS First Boston") as financial advisor to the Washington Mutual
Board as to the fairness from a financial point of view of the consideration
paid by Washington Mutual (the "CS First Boston Opinions"); (ix) the terms of
other recent comparable combinations of savings and loan holding
F-5
<PAGE> 260
companies; and (x) the effect of the Keystone Transaction on the depositors,
employees, customers and communities served by each company.
In reaching its decision to approve the Keystone Transaction and
recommend the Keystone Transaction to the shareholders of Washington Mutual, the
Washington Mutual Board did not assign any relative or specific weights to the
various factors considered and individual directors may have given differing
weights to different factors.
REGISTRATION RIGHTS AND RESALES OF WASHINGTON MUTUAL COMMON STOCK
GENERAL. At the effective time of the Keystone Transaction, the shares
of Washington Mutual Common Stock to be issued to KHP and the FRF in connection
with the Keystone Transaction will not have been registered under the Securities
Act. All such shares will be issued pursuant to an exemption from the
registration provisions of the Securities Act and will be "restricted
securities" as that term is defined in Rule 144 promulgated under the Securities
Act. Washington Mutual Common Stock received in the Keystone Transaction will be
transferable only pursuant to an effective registration or a valid exemption
from registration under the Securities Act. Pursuant to the Registration Rights
Agreement, Washington Mutual has agreed to provide certain registration rights
to the Investors and the FRF, and their permitted assigns and transferees, as
holders of the Washington Mutual Common Stock issued in the Keystone
Transaction, as described below:
Registration Rights. Washington Mutual has agreed to file with the SEC
and use its best efforts to cause to become effective as soon as practicable
after the effective date of the Keystone Transaction on a date mutually
acceptable to Washington Mutual and the participants in such underwriting, a
registration statement with respect to the Initial Underwriting of not less than
7,500,000 and not more than 20,000,000 of the 39,883,333 shares of Washington
Mutual Common Stock issued to KHP and the FRF on such effective date (the
"Initial Shares"). Washington Mutual currently expects that all of the FRF
Initial Shares (14,000,000 shares of Washington Mutual Common Stock) will be
registered and sold in the Initial Underwriting, although there is no assurance
that the FDIC-Manager will sell any or all of such shares.
Washington Mutual has also agreed to file with the SEC and use its best
efforts to cause to become effective as soon as practicable after nine months
from the effective date of the Keystone Transaction a shelf registration
statement ("Shelf Registration Statement") for sale from time to time to the
public of all the Initial Shares not previously sold in the Initial
Underwriting, together with any other securities issued as a dividend or other
distribution with respect to, or in exchange for or in replacement of the
Initial Shares ("Registrable Shares"). Shares may be sold under the Shelf
Registration Statement only in brokers transactions pursuant to Rule 144(f)
promulgated under the Securities Act or in an underwritten offering pursuant to
the demand and piggyback underwriting rights described below. Washington Mutual
will use its best efforts to keep the Shelf Registration Statement continuously
effective for three years after the initial effective date of the Shelf
Registration Statement.
Washington Mutual has also agreed to file with the SEC a shelf
registration statement (the "Litigation Shelf") for sale from time to time to
the public of the Litigation Escrow Shares. Washington Mutual will use its best
efforts to have such registration statement become effective as soon as
practicable after the first date any Litigation Escrow Shares are distributed
from the Litigation Escrow and keep such Litigation Shelf continuously effective
until the later of (i) the date three years after the initial effective date of
the Litigation Shelf and (ii) the date one year after the last distribution of
Litigation Escrow Shares from the Litigation Escrow. Shares may be sold under
the Litigation Shelf only in brokers' transactions pursuant to Rule 144(f)
promulgated under the Securities Act.
Pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement, the holders of the
Initial Shares may require Washington Mutual an aggregate of four times during
the three-year period following the effectiveness of the Shelf Registration
Statement to facilitate an underwritten public offering of the Initial Shares
then owned by them. In addition, if Washington Mutual proposes to register any
shares of Washington Mutual Common Stock for sale under the Securities Act
through the three-year anniversary of the effectiveness of the Shelf
Registration Statement for its own account (other than in connection with an
acquisition by Washington Mutual, the redemption or conversion of
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<PAGE> 261
outstanding convertible securities, or an employee equity plan), the holders of
the Initial Shares will be entitled to notice of the registration and to include
their shares in such offering.
AFFILIATE LETTERS. Pursuant to the Keystone Merger Agreement, Keystone
Holdings is required to deliver from each party who may be deemed to be an
"affiliate" of Keystone Holdings (collectively, the "Keystone Affiliates") for
the purposes of SEC Accounting Series Release No. 130, as amended by Release No.
135 ("ASR 135"), to Washington Mutual a letter agreement ("Keystone Affiliate
Letter"), pursuant to which, among other things, each Keystone Affiliate agrees,
with certain limited exceptions, not to sell or otherwise dispose of any
interest in KHP or Washington Mutual Common Stock during the period commencing
30 days preceding the effective date of the Keystone Transaction until such time
as consolidated financial results covering at least 30 days of post-transaction
combined operations of Washington Mutual and Keystone Holdings have been
published. While not required to be subject to written agreements, Washington
Mutual affiliates are subject to the same restrictions as to sales of Washington
Mutual Common Stock. In order to assure that the Keystone Merger will be treated
as a pooling of interests, Washington Mutual will have the right to place a
restrictive legend on all shares of Washington Mutual Common Stock to be
received by a Keystone Affiliate so as to preclude the transfer of such shares
in violation of the Keystone Affiliate Letters. The Keystone Affiliate Letters
and restrictive legends are intended to preserve treatment of the Keystone
Merger as a pooling-of-interests for accounting purposes.
CONDITIONS TO THE KEYSTONE TRANSACTION
The respective obligations of Washington Mutual, Keystone Holdings and
the FDIC-Manager to consummate the Keystone Transaction are subject to numerous
conditions described in further detail below, including those related to: (i)
the approval by Washington Mutual shareholders of the Keystone Transaction and
the amendment to the Articles; (ii) the receipt of all applicable regulatory
approvals and confirmations; (iii) the divestiture of the stock of an indirect
subsidiary of Keystone Holdings; and (iv) the renegotiation of certain
agreements between Keystone Holdings and the FRF. There can be no assurance that
such conditions will be satisfied or that the Keystone Transaction will be
consummated.
REGULATORY APPROVALS. The Keystone Transaction is subject to the
approval of the Office of Thrift Supervision (the "OTS") under the Home Owners'
Loan Act. The Community Reinvestment Act of 1978 ("CRA") also requires that the
OTS, in deciding whether to approve the Keystone Transaction, assess the record
of performance of ASB and the bank subsidiaries of Washington Mutual in meeting
the credit needs of the communities they serve, including low and moderate
income neighborhoods. Each of ASB, WMB and WMBfsb currently has "outstanding"
CRA ratings from its primary regulator.
Washington Mutual has submitted an application seeking OTS approval of
the Keystone Transaction. There can be no assurance that the OTS will approve
the Keystone Transaction, and if the Keystone Transaction is approved, there can
be no assurance as to the date of such approval or as to what conditions, if
any, may be imposed in such approval. As of the date of this Proxy
Statement/Prospectus, three community groups have filed protests with the OTS
with regard to the Keystone Transaction. The OTS will consider these protests in
connection with consideration of the Company's application as a whole. The
Company believes that the protests are without merit and has responded to the
OTS to that effect. Washington Mutual's obligation to consummate the Keystone
Transaction is conditioned upon receipt of all required regulatory approvals and
consents, without any term or condition that (i) has not normally been imposed
in transactions of this type and would have a material adverse effect on
Keystone Holdings or Washington Mutual or (ii) would require Washington Mutual's
bank subsidiaries to raise additional capital (other than to increase either
WMB's or WMBfsb's leverage capital or core capital to a level no higher than
five percent). In addition, the U.S. Department of Justice must examine whether
there are significant anti-competitive effects of the Keystone Transaction.
There can be no assurance that the U.S. Department of Justice or the Attorney
General of the state of California will not challenge the Keystone Merger or, if
challenged, what the result of such a challenge would be.
Mr. Bass has filed a notice of change of control with the OTS. The
parties' obligations to consummate the Keystone Transaction are conditioned on
the receipt of the non-objection of the OTS to such notice. There can
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<PAGE> 262
be no assurance that such non-objection will be forthcoming, and if received,
there can be no assurance as to the date of such non-objection or what
conditions may be imposed.
The obligation of Washington Mutual to consummate the Keystone
Transaction is also subject to the satisfaction of the following conditions: (i)
Washington Mutual's receipt (x) from the OTS of confirmation that upon
consummation of the Keystone Transaction, Washington Mutual will not be deemed
to control Family Savings Bank (a minority-owned financial institution of which
Keystone Holdings owns 14.7% of the outstanding common stock and all the
outstanding preferred stock) and (y) from the FDIC of either confirmation that
Washington Mutual will not be deemed to control Family Savings Bank or a waiver
for Washington Mutual's subsidiaries of certain "cross guaranty" liability with
respect to Family Savings Bank; and (ii) the resolution of any material
outstanding differences between KHP and the Keystone Entities, on one hand, and
the FDIC-Manager, on the other hand, without material liability attaching to the
Keystone Entities. There can be no assurance that these conditions will be
satisfied.
Washington Mutual is not aware of any other governmental approvals that
are required for consummation of the Keystone Transaction except as described
above. Should any other approval or action be required, it is presently
contemplated that such approval would be sought. There can be no assurance
whether or when any such approval, if required, could be obtained.
FRF MATTERS. Keystone Holdings commenced operations as an indirect
holding company for ASB to effect the December 1988 acquisition (the "1988
Acquisition") of certain assets and liabilities of the failed savings and loan
association subsidiary of Financial Corporation of America (the "Failed
Institution"). In connection with the 1988 Acquisition, the Keystone Entities
and the FRF entered into a number of agreements (the "FRF Agreements"). Pursuant
to the Warrant Exchange Agreement, at the effective time of the Keystone
Transaction, certain of the FRF Agreements (or portions thereof) relating to the
Warrants will be terminated. Additionally, pursuant to the Keystone Merger
Agreement, KHP and the Keystone Entities have agreed to use their best efforts
to: (i) obtain consents necessary so that the FRF Agreements can be assumed by a
subsidiary of Washington Mutual; (ii) resolve, without material liability to
Washington Mutual or the Keystone Entities, any material outstanding differences
between KHP and the Keystone Entities, on the one hand, and the FDIC-Manager, on
the other hand, relating to the FRF Agreements; and (iii) facilitate a
renegotiation of the FRF Agreements to simplify the remaining effective
provisions thereof. Washington Mutual anticipates that at the effective time of
the Keystone Transaction, assuming the renegotiation of the FRF Agreements, the
only material continuing obligations under the FRF Agreements will be (i) the
obligation of the FDIC-Manager to indemnify Washington Mutual in certain
circumstances and (ii) the obligation of Washington Mutual to share certain tax
savings with the FDIC-Manager. See "MANAGEMENT AND OPERATIONS OF WASHINGTON
MUTUAL FOLLOWING THE KEYSTONE TRANSACTION - Operations After the Keystone
Transaction."
In addition, the 1988 Acquisition utilized a "good bank/bad bank"
structure in which New West Federal Savings and Loan Association ("New West")
was structured to be the "bad bank" that acquired substantially all of the
underperforming loans and certain other assets from the Failed Association while
ASB acquired substantially all of the performing loans. Pursuant to the FRF
Agreements, New West indemnified ASB and one of its affiliates from liability
arising out of certain management responsibilities for New West. As conditions
of the consummation of the Keystone Transaction, (i) the stock of New West,
together with any obligations and liabilities in connection with the ownership,
business or operation of New West, will be transferred by Keystone Holdings to,
or assumed by, an entity not being acquired by Washington Mutual and (ii) the
indemnities provided by New West to ASB and one of its affiliates will be
provided by the FRF. The divestiture of New West must be effected without any
substantial cost to any Keystone Entity.
In addition, the FDIC Office of Inspector General has commenced a
compliance audit (the "Audit") with regard to certain of the FRF Agreements. The
completion of the Audit without liability to New West and ASB exceeding $500,000
is a condition to consummation of the Keystone Transaction. To the extent that
the Audit is completed prior to the effective date of the Keystone Transaction,
the FDIC-Manager and KHP and the Keystone Entities have agreed to use their good
faith efforts to resolve any dispute that may arise with respect to the items or
periods covered by the Audit and to enter into a release in which the parties
will agree that, subject to certain
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exceptions, all entries on the schedules of activities will be deemed approved
at all levels of audit review and for all purposes.
OTHER CONDITIONS. The obligations of Keystone Holdings, Washington
Mutual and the FDIC-Manager to consummate the Keystone Transaction are subject
to, among other things, the satisfaction of the following conditions, of which,
as of the date of this Proxy Statement/Prospectus, substantially all remain to
be satisfied: (i) the approval of the Keystone Transaction and the amendment to
the Articles by the requisite vote of the shareholders of Washington Mutual;
(ii) the receipt of all applicable regulatory and governmental approvals and
consents and the expiration of all statutory and regulatory waiting periods;
(iii) the absence of any order, decree or injunction of a court or agency of
competent jurisdiction that enjoins or prohibits the consummation of the
Keystone Merger; (iv) the receipt of an opinion of counsel to Washington Mutual,
dated as of the effective date of the Keystone Transaction to the effect that
the Keystone Merger will qualify as a "reorganization" as defined by the Code;
(v) the compliance with applicable pre-merger notification provisions of Section
7A of the Clayton Act and the absence of pending or threatened proceedings under
any applicable antitrust law of the state of California; (vi) the divestiture of
the shares of stock in New West to an entity other than a Keystone Entity; (vii)
the concurrent consummation of the Warrant Exchange and the Keystone Merger and
receipt by the Keystone Entities of certain consents relating to and
modifications of the surviving FRF Agreements; (viii) the receipt of a letter
from Deloitte & Touche LLP stating that the Keystone Transaction qualifies for
pooling of interests accounting treatment; (ix) the execution and delivery of an
Escrow Agreement by the parties thereto; and (x) the continued accuracy of the
representations and warranties of and the performance of the covenants and
agreements by each party to each of the Keystone Merger Agreement and the
Warrant Exchange Agreement except where the failure of such representations and
warranties to be accurate or the failure to perform such covenants or agreements
would not have a material adverse effect on such party.
THE LITIGATION ESCROW
The following discussion contains a summary of all material terms and
conditions of the Keystone Merger Agreement, Warrant Exchange Agreement and
Escrow Agreement relating to the Litigation Escrow and is qualified in its
entirety by the full text of the Keystone Merger Agreement, Warrant Exchange
Agreement and Escrow Agreement which are incorporated by reference herein.
GENERAL. As described elsewhere herein, the Litigation Escrow Shares
will be held by a mutually agreed upon escrow agent (the "Escrow Agent") in the
Litigation Escrow pursuant to the terms of the Escrow Agreement. Initially, KHP
and the FRF will be the holders of contingent rights to up to 64.9% and 35.1%,
respectively, of the Litigation Escrow Shares. Immediately after the effective
time of the Keystone Transaction, KHP intends to distribute its contingent right
in the Litigation Escrow Shares to the Investors.
The Litigation Escrow Shares will be registered in the name of the
Escrow Agent who will hold such shares together with any dividends,
distributions or any additional or substitute securities with respect to such
shares, as well as any interest or earnings on such dividends, distributions or
additional or substitute securities (collectively, the "Escrow Fund"). The
Escrow Agent will hold the Escrow Fund until the earlier of the date that is the
sixth anniversary of the effective date of the Keystone Transaction or until the
entire Escrow Fund has been released from the Litigation Escrow (the "Escrow
Expiration Date"). In general, the Escrow Expiration Date will be automatically
extended to 10 years from the effective date of the Keystone Transaction if,
prior to the sixth anniversary of the effective date of the Keystone
Transaction, there has been any judgment or final settlement in the Case granted
or entered in favor of Washington Mutual or any of its subsidiaries. The Escrow
Expiration Date may be extended further if Case Proceeds are paid in
installments. In the event that Washington Mutual receives any Case Proceeds on
or before the Escrow Expiration Date, the Escrow Agent will make distributions
of all or a portion of the Escrow Fund to the holders of contingent rights to
the Escrow Fund. The number of Litigation Escrow Shares to be distributed will
be computed as (a) the amount of Case Proceeds received less (b) the aggregate
of (i) taxes owed on the Case Proceeds to be calculated based on a formula in
the Keystone Merger Agreement, (ii) fees, costs and expenses paid or accrued by
Washington Mutual in connection with the Case or pursuant to the Escrow
Agreement, (iii) 200 percent of the allocated time costs of Washington Mutual
employees for time reasonably devoted to the Case, and (iv) all amounts paid by
any Keystone Entity prosecuting the Case in excess of $10,000,000, (c) divided
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<PAGE> 264
by the Average Price. The "Average Price" means the arithmetic average of the
closing prices of the Washington Mutual Common Stock on The Nasdaq Stock Market
for the 10 trading days immediately preceding the third trading day before the
effective date of the Keystone Transaction. The Escrow Agent may make more than
one distribution out of the Escrow Fund if Case Proceeds are received in two or
more installments. In general, if no Case Proceeds have been received, beginning
on the last day of the full calendar month immediately following the sixth
anniversary of the effective date of the Keystone Transaction and on the last
day of every succeeding month, the Escrow Agent will return to Washington Mutual
for cancellation a number of shares equal to 1.25% of the number of Litigation
Escrow Shares, together with any dividends and distributions received on such
shares and any interest or earnings on such dividends. At the Escrow Expiration
Date, any remaining Litigation Escrow Shares, together with any amounts in the
Escrow Fund, will be returned to Washington Mutual.
The ultimate outcome of the Case is uncertain, and their can be no
assurance that any recovery in the Case will result in Case Proceeds that exceed
the value of the Litigation Escrow Shares plus costs and expenses. Generally,
Washington Mutual will not benefit financially from the Case unless Case
Proceeds exceed such an amount and, in negotiating the Keystone Transaction,
Washington Mutual ascribed no value to the possibility that the Case Proceeds
would exceed such amount. As a result, it is uncertain what, if any, impact
recovery in the Case will have on the financial position of Washington Mutual.
THE CASE. On December 28, 1992, ASB, KHP, Keystone Holdings and other
related parties (the "Plaintiffs") filed the Case in the U.S. Court of Federal
Claims. In the Case, Plaintiffs allege that they entered into a contract with
the FSLIC and the FHLBB, agencies of the United States government, whereby the
Plaintiffs acquired the capital stock of ASB and New West and undertook other
liabilities and responsibilities for the benefit of the FSLIC and the FHLBB, in
return for which the FSLIC and the FHLBB agreed, among other things, that ASB
would be authorized to operate with a lower level of capital than the applicable
regulations would otherwise have required. Plaintiffs further allege that the
United States government's abrogation of this agreement constituted a breach of
contract, damaging the Plaintiffs. The contract promises which Plaintiffs allege
are similar to those asserted in Winstar Corp. v. United States, Statesman
Savings Holding Corp. v. United States and Glendale Federal Bank, FSB v. United
States (the "Winstar Cases"). On July 1, 1996, the United States Supreme Court
affirmed two lower courts' decisions holding that the government was liable for
breach of contract in the Winstar Cases. The Winstar Cases have been remanded to
the Court of Federal Claims for further proceedings, including a determination
of damages. There can be no assurance that the United States government will not
assert additional defenses or counterclaims on remand. The Court of Federal
Claims has also initiated procedures for resolving the merits of other related
cases, including the Case. The Plaintiffs have asserted claims for damages in an
unspecified amount. The government has not yet answered the complaint in the
Case. As a consequence of the Keystone Transaction, Washington Mutual will
succeed by operation of law to all of the rights of the Keystone Entities in the
Case and KHP has contractually agreed to remit to Washington Mutual proceeds
received from the Case. Based on the Winstar Cases, as of the date of this Proxy
Statement/Prospectus, no record has been established which would indicate what,
if any, damages the Plaintiffs are entitled to recover in the Case, and
Plaintiffs are unable to assess the likelihood of their success in the Case.
RIGHTS IN THE LITIGATION ESCROW SHARES. Each holder of contingent
rights to receive Litigation Escrow Shares will have the absolute right to have
its pro rata portion of such shares at the time of the applicable record date
(and any additional or substitute securities with respect thereto) voted on all
matters with respect to which the vote of the holders of such securities is
required or solicited, in accordance with such holder's written instructions to
the Escrow Agent. The Escrow Agent does not have discretionary authority to vote
any of the Litigation Escrow Shares for which it does not receive written voting
instructions from the holder of contingent rights to such shares.
The Litigation Escrow Shares will be validly issued shares of
Washington Mutual Common Stock and will not be registered under the Securities
Act, nor will the contingent right to receive the Litigation Escrow Shares be
registered as a separate security. The holders of the contingent rights to the
Escrow Fund may transfer any or all such rights upon delivery to Washington
Mutual of (i) an opinion of counsel that such transfer is exempt from the
registration requirements of the Securities Act and similar requirements under
all applicable state securities laws and (ii) a written instrument executed by
the proposed transferee agreeing to be bound by all applicable provisions of the
Escrow Agreement.
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MANAGEMENT AND OPERATIONS OF WASHINGTON MUTUAL FOLLOWING THE KEYSTONE
TRANSACTION
GENERAL
The Keystone Transaction provides for the merger of Keystone Holdings
with and into Washington Mutual, with Washington Mutual as the surviving
corporation. The separate existence of Keystone Holdings will cease upon
completion of the Keystone Transaction and, ASB will become a wholly-owned
subsidiary of Washington Mutual. The Articles and Bylaws of Washington Mutual
will be the Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws of the surviving entity after
the completion of the Keystone Transaction.
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
The names of the continuing directors of Washington Mutual at the
Effective Time and information regarding such persons are set forth in
Washington Mutual's Proxy Statement for its 1996 Annual Meeting, which is
incorporated herein by reference. See "PROXY STATEMENT/PROSPECTUS --
INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE" and "PROXY STATEMENT/PROSPECTUS
- -- AVAILABLE INFORMATION."
After completion of the Keystone Transaction, two representatives
mutually agreeable to Mr. Bass and Washington Mutual will be appointed to fill
then-vacant seats in two different classes of the Washington Mutual Board.
Pursuant to the Keystone Merger Agreement, after the effective date the
Washington Mutual Board will, in connection with each annual shareholders
meeting at which either of such representatives' term as a director ends,
nominate the one mutually-agreeable representative if Mr. Bass and certain of
his affiliates beneficially own, as of the record date for such meeting, a
number of shares of Washington Mutual Common Stock greater than the sum of (i)
8.5 million, plus (ii) 21.3 percent of the Litigation Escrow Shares that have
been released as of such date (the "2 Director Total"); however, if as of each
such record date, the number of shares of Washington Mutual Common Stock
beneficially owned by Mr. Bass and certain of his affiliates is fewer than the 2
Director Total, but greater than the sum of (a) 5.0 million, plus (b) 21.3
percent of the Litigation Escrow Shares that have been released as of such date
(the "1 Director Total"), the Washington Mutual Board will not re-nominate such
director and the term of such director will expire and the remaining
representative will continue on the Washington Mutual Board. The remaining
director will be renominated if Mr. Bass and certain of his affiliates
beneficially own, as of the record date for the meeting at which such director's
term as a director ends, a number of shares greater than the 1 Director Total.
The Washington Mutual Board has no obligation to re-nominate any representative
if Mr. Bass and such affiliates do not maintain beneficial ownership of the 1
Director Total or at least 5% of Washington Mutual's outstanding Washington
Mutual Common Stock on the record date for such meeting.
As of the date of this Proxy Statement/Prospectus, Washington Mutual
and Mr. Bass have not selected the representatives to serve as Washington Mutual
directors.
OPERATIONS AFTER THE KEYSTONE TRANSACTION.
GENERAL. Washington Mutual intends to continue operating ASB under the
"American Savings Bank" name in California. ASB will become a separate first
tier subsidiary of Washington Mutual. While final operating plans are not
complete, Washington Mutual currently intends to introduce its consumer banking
products and approaches throughout ASB's branch system and to expand ASB's loan
origination capabilities.
CONSOLIDATION OF OPERATIONS; PROJECTED COST SAVINGS. Washington Mutual
intends to consolidate certain corporate functions and computer and back office
operations within six months after the effective date of the Keystone
Transaction. Washington Mutual expects to achieve annual operating cost savings
through such consolidations of approximately $25 million and $50 million
(pre-tax) in 1997 and 1998, respectively. There can be no assurance that such
cost savings will be realized or that they will be realized in the time periods
expected.
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KEYSTONE TRANSACTION EXPENSE AND ADDITION TO LOAN LOSS RESERVE.
Keystone Transaction expenses of approximately $118.5 million (pre-tax) are
expected to be recorded by Washington Mutual at the effective time of the
Keystone Transaction. This charge includes the creation of reserves of $46
million for severance and management payments, $15 million for prepayment
premiums on certain Keystone Entity debt which Washington Mutual intends to
refinance as soon as possible after the effective date of the Keystone
Transaction and $24.5 million for investment banking and other professional
fees. These Washington Mutual transaction-related charges are subject to change
as further information becomes available.
Washington Mutual intends to provide an additional $125 million in loan
loss provisions as a charge to earnings at the effective date of the Keystone
Transaction. This additional loan loss provision is being provided principally
because a number of Washington Mutual credit administration and asset management
philosophies and procedures differ from those of ASB. These differences consist
principally of the following: (1) Washington Mutual is more proactive than ASB
in dealing with emerging credit problems and tends to prefer judicial
foreclosure actions to induce borrowers to correct defaults, whereas ASB tends
to prefer workouts in lieu of a more aggressive foreclosure stance; and (2) ASB
has considered the risk characteristics of its portfolio of multi-family loans
of less than $1 million to be similar to its single family residential
portfolio. Washington Mutual on the other hand considers the risk
characteristics of that portfolio to be more closely aligned with its
commercial income property portfolio, which tends to have a higher loan loss
provision than the single-family residential portfolio. Washington Mutual
intends to conform ASB's asset management practices, administration,
philosophies and procedures to its own, or in some instances to revise ASB's
current asset management strategies to conform to strategies being developed by
Washington Mutual. The plan of realization of troubled loans differs between the
companies and therefore results in different levels of loss reserves. The
additional loan loss provision is to a lesser degree being provided because
Washington Mutual believes that while there has been an increase in the price of
houses in certain California markets, a decline in collateral values for some
portions of the California real estate market has occurred in 1996.
NEW FEDERAL LAW. On September 30, 1996, President Clinton signed
legislation intended to recapitalize the Savings Association Insurance Fund
("SAIF") and to reduce the gap between SAIF premiums and the Bank Insurance Fund
("BIF") premiums, among other things. The legislation provides for a special
one-time assessment on SAIF-insured deposits that were held as of March 31,
1995, including certain deposits acquired after that date. The assessment will
bring the SAIF's reserve ratio to the legally required level of $1.25 for every
$100 in insured deposits. Beginning in January 1997, deposits insured through
the SAIF at most institutions probably will be subject to regular FDIC
assessments amounting to 6.4 cents per $100 per year, while deposits insured
through the BIF at most institutions probably will be subject to regular FDIC
assessments amounting to 1.3 cents per $100 per year.
Washington Mutual's special assessment will result in an estimated
pre-tax charge of about $35.7 million, which will be taken in the quarter ended
September 30, 1996. ASB's special assessment will result in an estimated pre-tax
charge of $88.5 million. Based on current levels of deposits, Washington Mutual
estimates that the reduction in the regular assessment on its SAIF deposits
beginning in 1997 should result in annual savings of approximately $10 million,
and ASB estimates that the reduction in the regular assessment on its SAIF
deposits should result in annual savings of approximately $21.2 million.
The Federal legislation that was enacted on September 30, 1996, also
amended the provision that prescribes the investments that WMB and WMBfsb must
hold in order to be a "qualified thrift lender" ("QTL"). Washington Mutual would
become subject to certain statutory restrictions on activities and investments,
would be required to register with the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve
System (the "FRB") and would be subject to the FRB's bank holding company
regulations, including capital requirements, if WMB or WMBfsb were to fail to be
a QTL. For example, bank holding companies are not generally permitted to
underwrite life insurance. Federal law prior to September 30, 1996, prescribed
that at least 65% of a specified asset base of a QTL generally must consist of
certain assets related to domestic residential real estate, including
residential mortgage loans and mortgage securities. As amended, Federal law
allows an institution to qualify as a QTL either (a) by having at least 65% of a
specified asset base invested in loans to small businesses, credit card loans,
educational loans or certain assets related to domestic residential real estate,
including residential mortgage loans and mortgage securities; or (b) by having
at least 60% of total assets invested in cash, United States government and
government agency debt or equity securities, certain state or local debt
securities, education loans, certificates of deposit, fixed assets, or loans
secured by deposits, by real property used for residential, educational, church,
welfare or health purposes, or by real property in certain urban renewal areas.
Failure to remain a QTL also would impose conditions on WMB's ability to obtain
advances from the FHLB, and would restrict WMBfsb's ability, among other things,
to branch, to pay dividends and to obtain such advances. WMB and WMBfsb are
currently in compliance with QTL standards.
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MANAGEMENT OF ASB AFTER THE KEYSTONE TRANSACTION. Following the
Keystone Transaction, Washington Mutual will retain a majority of ASB's current
management team in the management of ASB. As previously announced, Mario Antoci,
the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of ASB, will retire upon the closing of
the Keystone Transaction. Mr. Antoci will consult with Washington Mutual on CRA
and community development issues after consummation of the Keystone Transaction.
Robert T. Barnum, President, Chief Operating Officer and a director of ASB, will
continue after the Keystone Transaction as President of ASB and a significant
number of ASB's current executive officers will remain in the management of ASB.
It is currently anticipated that the consolidations planned by Washington Mutual
will not have a material effect on overall ASB employment. In addition, the
current management team of Washington Mutual will remain in place following the
Keystone Transaction, with the addition of Mr. Barnum as Executive Vice
President.
REDEMPTION OF KEYSTONE ENTITIES PREFERRED STOCK AND REPAYMENT OF DEBT.
New Capital has three series of debt securities outstanding. These debt
securities consist of (i) $169 million in current outstanding principal amount
of Series B 9.60% Notes due in 1999, (ii) $175 million in current outstanding
principal amount of Series C Floating Rate Notes due in 2002 and (iii) $20.5
million in current outstanding principal amount of Subordinated Notes due in
1998. The Series B Notes and Subordinated Notes bear interest at 1.375 and 2.875
percent, respectively, over the three-month London Interbank Offer Rate (LIBOR)
reset on a quarterly basis. New Capital also has outstanding $80 million of
Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock. Washington Mutual intends to redeem the
New Capital preferred stock and repay the New Capital debt as soon as possible
after the effective time of the Keystone Transaction. By redeeming such equity
and repaying such debt, Washington Mutual's management believes it can
significantly reduce the cost of such borrowings. There can be no assurance that
the cost of such borrowings will be reduced significantly, or at all, in
connection with such refinancing. See "PROXY STATEMENT/PROSPECTUS -- THE MERGER
- -- Risk Factors Related to the Keystone Transaction and Keystone Holdings."
Many of the benefits described above are forward-looking statements and
actual results may vary materially from such projections.
CERTAIN FEDERAL INCOME TAX MATTERS.
Net Operating Loss Carryforward Deductions. Due to Section 382
of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"), most of the value
of the net operating loss carryforward deductions described in the Consolidated
Financial Statements of Keystone Holdings will be eliminated due to the Keystone
Transaction. Accordingly, the future tax savings attributable to such net
operating loss carryforward deductions will be greatly reduced. Further, the
actual savings due to such reduced net operating loss carryforward deductions
will be even further reduced due to a provision in the FRF Agreements generally
requiring that approximately 75% of the federal tax savings resulting from such
net operating loss carry forwards be paid to the FRF. See "BUSINESS OF KEYSTONE
HOLDINGS," "MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS OF KEYSTONE HOLDINGS," and "CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS OF KEYSTONE HOLDINGS."
Tax Bad Debt Reserve Recapture. The recently enacted "Small
Business Job Protection Act of 1996" (the "Job Protection Act") requires that
qualified thrift institutions, such as Washington Mutual and ASB, generally
recapture for federal income tax purposes that portion of the balance of their
tax bad debt reserves that exceeds the December 31, 1987 balance, with certain
adjustments. Such recaptured amounts are to be generally taken into ordinary
income ratably over a six year period beginning in 1996, or as late as 1998 if
certain conditions are met. Accordingly Washington Mutual will have to pay, with
respect to current Washington Mutual entities, an additional approximate $4.2
million (based upon current federal income tax rates) in federal income taxes
each year of the six-year period due to the Job Protection Act. The Keystone
Merger Agreement requires that Keystone Holdings file amended federal income tax
returns with the IRS for 1992 and 1993 in order to reduce the tax bad debt
reserve recapture amount that ASB would otherwise incur due to the Job
Protection Act.
The Job Protection Act also repeals the reserve method of
accounting for tax bad debt deductions and, thus, requires thrifts to calculate
the tax bad debt deduction based on actual current loan losses.
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Tax Settlement Agreement. The Tax Settlement Agreement, which
is a condition to closing the Keystone Transaction, resolved certain disputes
that arose between the Keystone Entities and the FDIC-Manager regarding
interpretations of provisions in the FRF Agreements pertaining to the general
requirement that approximately 75% of the federal income tax savings
attributable to New West be paid to the FRF. The Tax Settlement Agreement also
requires Keystone Holdings to pay $10.5 million to the FRF if the Keystone
Transaction closes, in addition to any other undisputed amounts owed. See "Note
3 -- Transaction-Related Expenses in the Notes to the Pro Forma Combined
Consolidated Statements of Income."
COMBINED UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Subject to the terms and conditions of the Keystone Merger Agreement,
on the effective date of the Keystone Transaction, Keystone Holdings will merge
with and into Washington Mutual, with Washington Mutual as the surviving
corporation. The separate existence of Keystone Holdings will cease upon the
effectiveness of the Keystone Merger and the direct and indirect subsidiaries of
Keystone Holdings, including ASB, will become subsidiaries of Washington Mutual.
Additionally, the FDIC has agreed to effect the Warrant Exchange. Upon the
effective date of the Keystone Transaction, Washington Mutual will directly or
indirectly wholly-own all of the subsidiaries of Keystone Holdings, including
ASB. In connection with the Keystone Transaction, Washington Mutual will issue
47,883,333 shares of Washington Mutual Common Stock as follows: 25,883,333
shares to KHP; 14,000,000 shares to the FRF; and 8,000,000 shares to an escrow
for the benefit of the Investors and the FRF.
The following pro forma combined unaudited consolidated statement of
financial position as of June 30, 1996 and the pro forma combined unaudited
consolidated statements of income for the three years ended December 31, 1995
and the six months ended June 30, 1996 are based upon the supplemental and
historical consolidated financial statements of Washington Mutual as previously
filed with the SEC under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the
"Exchange Act"), and incorporated by reference in this Proxy
Statement/Prospectus, as restated for the Western Merger, and of Keystone
Holdings as set forth in the "Consolidated Financial Statement of Keystone
Holdings" included herein and should be read in conjunction with those
consolidated financial statements and related notes. The financial data for Utah
Federal and United Western Financial Group, pending acquisition by Washington
Mutual, have not been included because they are not material to Washington
Mutual. These combined unaudited pro forma condensed financial statements are
not necessarily indicative of the operating results that would have been
achieved had the Keystone Transaction been consummated as of the beginning of
the periods presented and should not be construed as representative of future
operating results. These combined unaudited pro forma condensed financial
statements give effect to the Keystone Transaction by combining the results of
operations of Washington Mutual and Keystone Holdings using the "pooling of
interests" method of accounting.
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PRO FORMA COMBINED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION
(UNAUDITED)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
June 30, 1996
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Pro Forma Pro Forma
Adjustments(1) Including
Washington Keystone ---------------------------------- Keystone
Mutual Holdings Debit Credit Ref. Holdings
----------- ----------- --------- --------- -------- ------------
(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents ..................... $ 303,851 $ 144,062 $ $ (46,000) 1(e)(iii)
(15,000) 1(e)(iii)
(10,500) 1(e)(iii)
(47,000) 1(e)(iii) $ 329,413
Trading account securities .................... 3,715 -- 3,715
Available-for-sale securities ................. 7,221,172 3,844,439 11,065,611
Held-to-maturity securities ................... 180,658 2,876,527 3,057,185
Loans ......................................... 13,800,209 12,854,633 (125,000) 1(e)(iv) 26,529,842
Real estate owned ............................. 27,072 84,036 111,108
Bank premises and equipment ................... 222,830 231,455 454,285
Goodwill and other intangible assets .......... 147,251 -- 147,251
Other assets .................................. 416,714 445,554 862,268
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total assets ................................ $22,323,472 $20,480,706 $ -- $(243,500) $ 42,560,678
===============================================================================
LIABILITIES
Deposits:
Checking, savings and money market
accounts .................................. $ 5,610,889 $ 3,855,659 $ $ 97,089 1(a) $ 9,563,637
Time certificates ........................... 5,415,830 8,873,307 14,289,137
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total deposits ............................ 11,026,719 12,728,966 -- 97,089 23,852,774
Annuities ..................................... 866,349 -- 866,349
Federal funds purchased ....................... 770,000 -- 770,000
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase 4,645,682 3,987,359 8,633,041
Advances from Federal Home Loan Banks ......... 2,962,205 2,013,439 4,975,644
Other borrowings .............................. 224,314 493,734 718,048
Other liabilities ............................. 181,130 399,831 (97,089) 1(a)
(86,200) 1(e)(ii)
50,000 1(e)(v) 447,672
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL LIABILITIES ........................... 20,676,399 19,623,329 (183,289) 147,089 40,263,528
Minority interest ............................... -- 306,979 (167,000) 1(b)
(59,979) 1(c) 80,000
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Preferred stock ............................... -- -- --
Common stock .................................. -- 1 (1) 1(d) --
Capital surplus ............................... 728,914 30,419 167,000 1(b)
1 1(d) 926,334
Valuation reserve for available-for-sale
securities .................................. (21,267) (1,411) (22,678)
Retained earnings ............................... 939,426 521,389 59,979 1(c)
(207,300) 1(e)(i) 1,313,494
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total stockholders' equity .................. 1,647,073 550,398 (207,300) 226,980 2,217,150
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity .. $22,323,472 $20,480,706 $(617,569) $ 374,069 $ 42,560,678
===============================================================================
Book value per common share (2) ................. $ 19.73 -- -- $ 17.88
Number of fully diluted common shares
outstanding (2) ............................... 77,505,610 -- -- 117,388,943
</TABLE>
F-15
<PAGE> 270
NOTES TO PRO FORMA COMBINED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION
(1) Statement of Financial Position. The pro forma adjustments reflected in
the unaudited pro forma combined statement of financial position of Washington
Mutual including Keystone Holdings as of June 30, 1996 give effect to the
following adjustments:
a. Deposits have been increased by $97.1 million to reflect a
reclassification of certain escrow accounts classified as
other liabilities in Keystone Holdings' statement of financial
position.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(dollars in thousands)
-----------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Dr Other liabilities..... $97,089
Cr Deposits............ $97,089
</TABLE>
b. The minority interest and stockholders' equity of Keystone
Holdings have been adjusted by $167.0 million to reflect the
issuance of 14,000,000 shares of Washington Mutual Common
Stock in the Warrant Exchange. Due to the Warrant Exchange,
the warrant holder is no longer shown as minority interest in
that Washington Mutual will directly or indirectly wholly-own
all of the subsidiaries of Keystone Holdings. See "THE
KEYSTONE TRANSACTION."
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(dollars in thousands)
-----------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Dr Minority interest..... $167,000
Cr Capital surplus..... $167,000
</TABLE>
c. The minority interest and stockholders' equity of Keystone
Holdings have been adjusted by $60.0 million to give effect to
the earnings attributable to the warrant holder. Due to the
Warrant Exchange, the warrant holder is no longer shown as
minority interest in that Washington Mutual will directly or
indirectly wholly-own all of the subsidiaries of Keystone
Holdings. See "THE KEYSTONE TRANSACTION."
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(dollars in thousands)
-----------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Dr Minority interest..... $59,979
Cr Retained earnings... $59,979
</TABLE>
d. The minority interest and stockholders' equity of Keystone
Holdings have been adjusted to give effect to the exchange of
1,048 shares of Keystone Holdings common stock, par value
$1.00 per share for 25,883,333 shares of Washington Mutual
Common Stock.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(dollars in thousands)
-----------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Dr Common stock.......... $ 1
Cr Capital surplus..... $ 1
</TABLE>
e. Keystone Transaction-related Expenses. Nonrecurring Keystone
Transaction-related expenses anticipated to be recorded are
included in the Pro Forma Including Keystone Holdings
statement of financial position as of June 30, 1996.
Nonrecurring Keystone Transaction-related expenses expected to
be recorded by Washington Mutual are summarized in the
following table (dollars in thousands):
<TABLE>
<S> <C>
Additional loan loss reserves (a)..................... $ 125,000
Severance and management payments..................... 46,000
Holding company debt call premiums.................... 15,000
FRF tax settlement.................................... 10,500
Other charges......................................... 47,000
---------
Total charges....................................... 243,500
Tax benefit........................................... (86,200)
Negative adjustment to ASB's deferred tax asset....... 50,000
---------
Net charges......................................... $ 207,300
=========
</TABLE>
F-16
<PAGE> 271
---------------
(a) See "MANAGEMENT AND OPERATIONS OF WASHINGTON MUTUAL AFTER
THE KEYSTONE TRANSACTION -- Operations After the Keystone
Transaction -- Keystone Transaction Expenses and Addition to
Loan Loss Reserve" for a discussion of the differences in
philosophy between Washington Mutual and ASB regarding
provisions for loan loss and reasons for the increase in the
loan loss provision.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
(dollars in thousands)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S> <C> <C>
(i) Dr Retained earnings - net charges .................. $207,300
(ii) Dr Other liabilities - tax benefit ................. 86,200
(iii) Cr Cash - Severance & management premiums ....... 46,000
(iii) Cr Cash - Holding company debt call premiums .... 15,000
(iii) Cr Cash - FRF tax settlement .................... 10,500
(iii) Cr Cash - Other charges ......................... 47,000
(iv) Cr Loans - Additional loan loss reserves ......... 125,000
(v) Cr Other liabilities - Negative adjustment to ASB's
deferred tax asset .................................. 50,000
</TABLE>
(2) Per Share Data. Washington Mutual's book value per common share of $19.73
and pro forma combined book value per common share of $17.88 as of June 30, 1996
were calculated using the following information:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Pro forma including
Washington Mutual Keystone Holdings
----------------- -------------------
<S> <C> <C>
Stockholders' equity ............................ $ 1,647,073 $ 2,217,150
Noncumulative Perpetual Series C Preferred Stock (68,813) (68,813)
Noncumulative Perpetual Series E Preferred Stock (49,250) (49,250)
---------- --------
Total stockholders' equity attributable to common
shares ........................................ $ 1,529,010 $ 2,099,087
========== ==========
Number of fully diluted common shares outstanding 77,505,610 117,388,943
</TABLE>
Washington Mutual will issue 8,000,000 shares of Washington Mutual
Common Stock to the Litigation Escrow. The shares will be released, 64.9% to the
Investors and 35.1% to the FRF, to the extent that Washington Mutual receives
net cash proceeds from certain litigation that Keystone Holdings and its
affiliates are pursuing against the United States, which litigation is being
assumed by Washington Mutual in the Keystone Transaction. The ultimate outcome
of the Case is uncertain and there can be no assurance that there will be any
recovery. Washington Mutual will use the treasury stock method to determine the
effect of the 8,000,000 shares upon the Company's financial statements. As of
the Effective Date, there is no potential dilutive effect of the 8,000,000
shares of Washington Mutual Common Stock. Stockholders' equity, book value per
share and primary and fully diluted earnings per share have therefore not been
adjusted for the issuance of the Litigation Escrow Shares.
F-17
<PAGE> 272
PRO FORMA COMBINED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(UNAUDITED)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended December 31, 1995
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Pro Forma Pro Forma
Adjustments(2) Including
Washington Keystone -------------- Keystone
Mutual Holdings Debit Credit Ref. Holdings(3)
----------- ---------- -------- ------- ---- --------------
(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
INTEREST INCOME
Loans ................................................ $ 1,094,538 $ 967,263 $ $ $ 2,061,801
New West note ........................................ -- 58,841 58,841
Available-for-sale securities ........................ 294,286 114,777 409,063
Held-to-maturity securities .......................... 185,388 196,245 381,633
Cash equivalents ..................................... 4,748 -- 4,748
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total interest income .............................. 1,578,960 1,337,126 2,916,086
INTEREST EXPENSE
Deposits ............................................. 498,503 636,315 1,134,818
Borrowings ........................................... 462,221 326,397 788,618
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total interest expense ............................. 960,724 962,712 1,923,436
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net interest income ................................ 618,236 374,414 992,650
Provision for loan losses .............................. 11,150 63,837 74,987
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net interest income after provision for loan losses 607,086 310,577 917,663
Other income ........................................... 117,874 72,433 18,032 2(a) 208,339
Other expense .......................................... 417,655 264,827 18,032 2(a) 700,514
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Income before income taxes ......................... 307,305 118,183 (18,032) 18,032 425,488
Income taxes ........................................... 107,504 12,289 119,793
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net income from continuing operations .................. 199,801 105,894 (18,032) 18,032 305,695
Extraordinary items, net of federal income tax effect .. -- -- --
Cumulative effect of change in tax accounting method ... -- -- --
Minority interest in earnings related to Warrants ...... -- (14,592) -- 14,592 2(b) --
Dividends paid to minority interest .................... -- (6,500) (9,293) -- 2(b) (15,793)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Minority interest in earnings of consolidated
subsidiaries ......................................... -- (21,092) (9,293) 14,592 2(b) (15,793)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
NET INCOME ............................................. $ 199,801 $ 84,802 $(27,325) $32,624 $ 289,902
=========================================================================
NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO COMMON STOCK ................ $ 181,217 $ 84,802 $(27,325) $32,624 $ 271,318
=========================================================================
Net income from continuing operations per
common share (1):
Primary .............................................. $2.59 -- $2.47
Fully diluted ........................................ 2.51 -- 2.42
Net income per common share (1):
Primary .............................................. $2.59 -- $2.47
Fully diluted ........................................ 2.51 -- 2.42
Average number of common shares outstanding (2):
Primary .............................................. 70,061,144 -- 109,944,477
Fully diluted ........................................ 75,480,391 -- 115,363,724
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Six Months Ended June 30, 1996
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Pro Forma Pro Forma
Adjustments(2) Including
Washington Keystone -------------- Keystone
Mutual Holdings Debit Credit Ref. Holdings(3)
----------- ---------- -------- ------- ---- --------------
(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
INTEREST INCOME
Loans ................................................ $ 563,495 $ 448,397 $ $ $ 1,011,892
New West note ........................................ -- -- --
Available-for-sale securities ........................ 262,662 153,352 416,014
Held-to-maturity securities .......................... 6,606 104,971 111,577
Cash equivalents ..................................... 1,408 -- 1,408
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total interest income .............................. 834,171 706,720 1,540,891
INTEREST EXPENSE
Deposits ............................................. 239,374 298,357 537,731
Borrowings ........................................... 245,658 170,739 416,397
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total interest expense ............................. 485,032 469,096 954,128
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net interest income ................................ 349,139 237,624 586,763
Provision for loan losses .............................. 5,825 35,180 41,005
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net interest income after provision for loan losses 343,314 202,444 545,758
Other income ........................................... 73,514 34,624 7,496 2(a) 115,634
Other expense .......................................... 224,779 134,870 7,496 2(a) 367,145
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Income before income taxes ......................... 192,049 102,198 (7,496) 7,496 294,247
Income taxes ........................................... 71,161 27,685 98,846
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net income from continuing operations .................. 120,888 74,513 (7,496) 7,496 195,401
Extraordinary items, net of federal income tax effect .. -- -- --
Cumulative effect of change in tax accounting method ... -- -- --
Minority interest in earnings related to Warrants ...... -- (13,918) -- 13,918 2(b) --
Dividends paid to minority interest .................... -- (6,978) -- -- 2(b) (6,978)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Minority interest in earnings of consolidated
subsidiaries ......................................... -- (20,896) -- 13,918 2(b) (6,978)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
NET INCOME ............................................. $ 120,888 $ 53,617 $ (7,496) $21,414 $ 188,423
========================================================================
NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO COMMON STOCK ................ $ 111,678 $ 53,617 $ (7,496) $21,414 $ 179,213
========================================================================
Net income from continuing operations per
common share (1):
Primary .............................................. $1.55 -- $1.60
Fully diluted ........................................ 1.50 -- 1.56
Net income per common share (1):
Primary .............................................. $1.55 -- $1.60
Fully diluted ........................................ 1.50 -- 1.56
Average number of common shares outstanding (2):
Primary .............................................. 71,982,173 -- 111,865,506
Fully diluted ........................................ 77,401,033 -- 117,284,366
</TABLE>
F-18
<PAGE> 273
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
For Years Ended December 31,
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
1993
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Pro Forma Pro Forma
Adjustments(2) Including
Washington Keystone -------------- Keystone
Mutual Holdings Debit Credit Ref. Holdings(3)
----------- ---------- -------- ------- ---- --------------
(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
INTEREST INCOME
Loans ............................................. $ 822,874 $ 756,606 $ $ $ 1,579,480
New West note ..................................... -- 241,014 241,014
Available-for-sale securities ..................... 1,371 53,006 54,377
Held-to-maturity securities ....................... 253,945 66,643 320,588
Cash equivalents .................................. 3,119 -- 3,119
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total interest income ........................... 1,081,309 1,117,269 2,198,578
INTEREST EXPENSE
Deposits .......................................... 354,743 513,435 868,178
Borrowings ........................................ 166,007 177,711 343,718
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total interest expense .......................... 520,750 691,146 1,211,896
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net interest income ............................. 560,559 426,123 986,682
Provision for loan losses ........................... 35,225 123,503 158,728
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net interest income after provision for loan
losses ........................................ 525,334 302,620 827,954
Other income ........................................ 152,575 81,050 12,951 2(a) 246,576
Other expense ....................................... 394,874 279,694 12,951 2(a) 687,519
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Income before income taxes ...................... 283,035 103,976 (12,951) 12,951 387,011
Income taxes ........................................ 98,864 11,245 110,109
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net income from continuing operations ............... 184,171 92,731 (12,951) 12,951 276,902
Extraordinary items, net of federal income tax effect (8,953) -- (8,953)
Cumulative effect of change in tax accounting method 13,365 -- 13,365
Minority interest in earnings relating to Warrants .. -- (9,600) 9,600 2(b) --
Dividends paid to minority interest ................. -- (874) (13,117) 2(b) (13,991)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Minority interest in earnings of consolidated
subsidiaries ...................................... -- (10,474) (13,117) 9,600 2(b) (13,991)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
NET INCOME .......................................... $ 188,583 $ 82,257 $(26,068) $22,551 $ 267,323
=========================================================================
NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO COMMON STOCK ............. $ 175,025 $ 82,257 $(26,068) $22,551 $ 253,765
=========================================================================
Net income from continuing operations per common
share (1):
Primary ........................................... $2.63 -- $2.38
Fully diluted ..................................... 2.51 -- 2.32
Net income per common share (1):
Primary ........................................... $2.70 -- $2.42
Fully diluted ..................................... 2.57 -- 2.36
Average number of common shares outstanding (2):
Primary ........................................... 64,808,073 -- 104,691,406
Fully diluted ..................................... 70,870,441 -- 110,753,774
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
For Years Ended December 31,
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
1994
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Pro Forma Pro Forma
Adjustments(2) Including
Washington Keystone -------------- Keystone
Mutual Holdings Debit Credit Ref. Holdings(3)
----------- ---------- -------- ------- ---- --------------
(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
INTEREST INCOME
Loans ............................................. $ 949,777 $ 709,041 $ $ $ 1,658,818
New West note ..................................... -- 141,039 141,039
Available-for-sale securities ..................... 151,561 84,148 235,709
Held-to-maturity securities ....................... 156,043 102,635 258,678
Cash equivalents .................................. 1,169 -- 1,169
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total interest income ........................... 1,258,550 1,036,863 2,295,413
INTEREST EXPENSE
Deposits .......................................... 370,872 481,794 852,666
Borrowings ........................................ 280,999 201,693 482,692
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total interest expense .......................... 651,871 683,487 1,335,358
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net interest income ............................. 606,679 353,376 960,055
Provision for loan losses ........................... 20,400 101,609 122,009
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net interest income after provision for loan
losses ........................................ 586,279 251,767 838,046
Other income ........................................ 118,502 88,902 13,390 2(a) 220,794
Other expense ....................................... 415,300 266,827 13,390 2(a) 695,517
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Income before income taxes ...................... 289,481 73,842 (13,390) 13,390 363,323
Income taxes ........................................ 108,159 897 109,056
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net income from continuing operations ............... 181,322 72,945 (13,390) 13,390 254,267
Extraordinary items, net of federal income tax effect -- -- --
Cumulative effect of change in tax accounting method -- -- --
Minority interest in earnings relating to Warrants .. -- (21,746) 21,746 2(b) --
Dividends paid to minority interest ................. -- (875) (13,117) 2(b) (13,992)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Minority interest in earnings of consolidated
subsidiaries ...................................... -- (22,621) (13,117) 21,746 2(b) (13,992)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
NET INCOME .......................................... $ 181,322 $ 50,324 $(26,507) $35,136 $ 240,275
=========================================================================
NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO COMMON STOCK ............. $ 162,738 $ 50,324 $(26,507) $35,136 $ 221,691
=========================================================================
Net income from continuing operations per common
share (1):
Primary ........................................... $2.45 -- $2.09
Fully diluted ..................................... 2.38 -- 2.06
Net income per common share (1):
Primary ........................................... $2.45 -- $2.09
Fully diluted ..................................... 2.38 -- 2.06
Average number of common shares outstanding (2):
Primary ........................................... 66,361,794 -- 106,245,127
Fully diluted ..................................... 71,781,041 -- 111,664,374
</TABLE>
F-19
<PAGE> 274
NOTES TO PRO FORMA COMBINED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(1) Per Share Data. Fully diluted net income from continuing operations per
common share and fully diluted net income per common share as of the six months
ended June 30, 1996 and the three years ended December 31, 1995 were calculated
using the following information:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Six Months Year ended December 31,
Ended -----------------------------------------------
June 30, 1996 1995 1994 1993
-------------- --------------- -------------- -------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
WASHINGTON MUTUAL
Net income ..................................................... $ 120,888 $ 199,801 $ 181,322 $ 188,583
Preferred stock dividends:
Noncumulative Perpetual, Series C ............................ (3,138) (6,384) (6,384) (5,628)
Noncumulative Perpetual, Series E ............................ (1,872) (3,800) (3,800) (538)
----------------------------------------------------------------
Net income available to fully diluted common stock ............. 115,878 189,617 171,138 182,417
Less:
Extraordinary items, net of federal income tax effect ...... -- -- -- (8,953)
Cumulative effect of change in tax accounting method ....... -- -- -- 13,365
----------------------------------------------------------------
Net income from continuing operations available to fully diluted
common stock ................................................. $ 115,878 $ 189,617 $ 171,138 $ 178,005
================================================================
Average common shares outstanding:
Primary ...................................................... 71,982,173 70,061,144 66,361,794 64,808,073
Noncumulative Convertible Perpetual Preferred Stock,
Series A ................................................... -- -- -- 643,121
Noncumulative Convertible Perpetual Preferred Stock,
Series D ................................................... 5,418,860 5,419,247 5,419,247 5,419,247
----------------------------------------------------------------
Fully diluted ................................................ 77,401,033 75,480,391 71,781,041 70,870,441
================================================================
PRO FORMA INCLUDING KEYSTONE HOLDINGS
Net income ..................................................... $ 188,423 $ 289,902 $ 240,275 $ 267,323
Preferred stock dividends:
Noncumulative Perpetual, Series C ............................ (3,138) (6,384) (6,384) (5,628)
Noncumulative Perpetual, Series E ............................ (1,872) (3,800) (3,800) (538)
----------------------------------------------------------------
Net income available to fully diluted common stock ............. 183,413 279,718 230,091 261,157
Less:
Extraordinary items, net of federal income tax effect ...... -- -- -- (8,953)
Cumulative effect of change in tax accounting method ....... -- -- -- 13,365
----------------------------------------------------------------
Net income from continuing operations available to fully diluted
common stock ................................................. $ 183,413 $ 279,718 $ 230,091 $ 256,745
----------------------------------------------------------------
Average common shares outstanding:
Primary ...................................................... 111,865,506 109,944,477 106,245,127 104,691,406
Noncumulative Convertible Perpetual Preferred Stock,
Series A ................................................... -- -- -- 643,121
Noncumulative Convertible Perpetual Preferred Stock,
Series D ................................................... 5,418,860 5,419,247 5,419,247 5,419,247
----------------------------------------------------------------
Fully diluted ................................................ 117,284,366 115,363,724 111,664,374 110,753,774
================================================================
</TABLE>
(2) Statements of Income. The pro forma adjustments reflected in the unaudited
Pro Forma Including Keystone Holdings statements of income for the three years
ended December 31, 1995 and six months ended June 30, 1996 give effect to the
following adjustments:
a. Real estate owned expenses included in the other income
category in the Consolidated Statements of Keystone Holdings'
have been reclassed to other expense.
F-20
<PAGE> 275
b. New Capital's $80.0 million cumulative redeemable preferred
stock was issued to three investment partnerships, two of whom
share substantially common ownership with KHP, the holder of
the Keystone Holdings common stock. The two investment
partnerships received $75.0 million of the $80.0 million of
the preferred stock issued. Due to the substantially common
ownership, the $75.0 million of preferred stock was previously
presented in Keystone Holdings' Consolidated Financial
Statements as "Additional Paid-in Capital." The remaining $5.0
million of preferred stock, owned by an unrelated investment
partnership, has been presented as a minority interest.
Effective August 1, 1995, the three investment partnerships
sold all of the preferred stock to an unrelated party. Due to
that sale, all of the preferred stock is presented as minority
interest in Keystone Holdings' Consolidated Financial
Statements as of December 31, 1995.
On the effective date of the Keystone Transaction, the two
investment partnerships holding $75.0 million of the preferred
stock during 1993, 1994 and the first seven months of 1995
would cease to have substantially common ownership with KHP.
As a result of the Transaction, the persons creating the
common ownership will no longer have controlling interest in
the pooled company. Therefore, dividends paid on the full
$80.0 million would be considered to be dividends paid to
minority interest.
Holders of the preferred stock are entitled to receive
cumulative dividends from the date of issue equal to 17.25%
per annum. The dividends are payable quarterly and unpaid
dividends will be compounded quarterly on each dividend
payment date. Accrued and unpaid dividends on the preferred
stock amounted to $1.8 million at both December 31, 1995 and
1994.
In addition, on the effective date of the Keystone
Transaction, the amount of earnings attributable to the
warrant holder during 1993, 1994, 1995 and the six months
ended June 30, 1996 no longer needs to be shown as minority
interest in that on such date Washington Mutual will directly
or indirectly wholly-own all of the subsidiaries of Keystone
Holdings. See "THE KEYSTONE TRANSACTION."
(3) Keystone Transaction-related Expenses. Nonrecurring Keystone
Transaction-related expenses anticipated to be recorded are not included in the
unaudited pro forma combined statements of income of Washington Mutual including
Keystone Holdings for the six months ended June 30, 1996. See "MANAGEMENT AND
OPERATIONS OF WASHINGTON MUTUAL FOLLOWING THE KEYSTONE TRANSACTION -- Operations
After the Keystone Transaction -- Keystone Transaction Expense and Addition to
Loan Loss Reserve." Nonrecurring Keystone Transaction-related expenses expected
to be recorded by Washington Mutual are summarized in the following table
(dollars in thousands):
Additional loan loss reserves (a)................... $ 125,000
Severance and management payments................... 46,000
Holding company debt call premiums.................. 15,000
FRF tax settlement.................................. 10,500
Other charges....................................... 47,000
-------
Total charges..................................... 243,500
Tax benefit......................................... (86,200)
Negative adjustment to ASB's deferred tax asset..... 50,000
-------
Net charges....................................... $ 207,300
==========
(a) See "MANAGEMENT AND OPERATIONS OF WASHINGTON MUTUAL AFTER THE KEYSTONE
TRANSACTION -- Operations After the Keystone Transaction -- Keystone Transaction
Expenses and Addition to Loan Loss Reserve" for a discussion of the differences
in philosophy between Washington Mutual and ASB regarding provisions for loan
loss and reasons for the increase in the loan loss provision.
F-21
<PAGE> 276
PROPOSED AMENDMENT TO WASHINGTON MUTUAL ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION -
INCREASE IN AUTHORIZED SHARES
It is a condition to Washington Mutual's obligation to consummate the
Keystone Transaction that Washington Mutual's Shareholders approve an amendment
to the Articles to increase the authorized shares of Washington Mutual Common
Stock from 100,000,000 to 350,000,000. This proposal is not conditioned on the
consummation of the Keystone Transaction, and, if approved by Washington
Mutual's Shareholders, it is the present intent of the Washington Mutual Board
to implement this proposal even if the Keystone Transaction is not consummated.
The primary reason for the proposed increase in the number of
authorized shares is to make sufficient shares available for issuance in
connection with the Keystone Transaction and to provide additional available
shares for use in future transactions. As of October 24, 1996, Washington Mutual
had a total of 72,307,510 shares issued and outstanding and an aggregate of
4,612,918 shares reserved for issuance upon the exercise of outstanding stock
options and upon the issuance of additional stock options under Washington
Mutual's 1994 Stock Option Plan. As of that date, Washington Mutual had also set
aside 5,418,876 unissued shares of Washington Mutual Common Stock for issuance
upon conversion of the Series D Preferred. In addition, in connection with the
Keystone Transaction, Washington Mutual will issue 47,883,333 additional shares
of Washington Mutual Common Stock. Consequently, 17,232,124 shares of Washington
Mutual Common Stock are authorized, unissued and not reserved for issuance.
Assuming shareholder approval of the Keystone Transaction and the
proposed amendment to the Articles to increase the number of authorized shares
of Washington Mutual Common Stock, Washington Mutual will issue 47,883,333
shares of the additionally authorized Washington Mutual Common Stock in
connection with the Keystone Transaction, 8,000,000 shares of which will be
delivered to the Escrow Agent pursuant to the Escrow Agreement.
The Washington Mutual Board believes that having additional shares of
Washington Mutual Common Stock authorized and available for issuance at the
Washington Mutual Board's discretion is in the best interest of Washington
Mutual and its shareholders and would provide several long-term advantages to
Washington Mutual and its shareholders. Washington Mutual would have greater
flexibility in considering future actions involving the issuance of stock and in
determining Washington Mutual's proper capitalization, such as through stock
dividends or splits and other employee and shareholder distributions. Additional
authorized shares could also be used to raise cash through sales of stock to
public and private investors. The Washington Mutual Board also would have
greater flexibility to authorize Washington Mutual to pursue additional
acquisitions that involve the issuance of stock and that Washington Mutual
believes provide the potential for growth and profit.
In certain circumstances, an increase in the authorized shares of
Washington Mutual Common Stock could be used to enhance the Washington Mutual
Board's bargaining capability on behalf of Washington Mutual's shareholders in a
takeover situation and could render more difficult or discourage a merger,
tender offer or proxy contest. Similarly, an increase in the authorized shares
of Washington Mutual Common Stock could have an anti-takeover effect in that
such additional shares could be used to dilute the stock ownership of persons
seeking to obtain control of Washington Mutual. Washington Mutual is not aware
of any present efforts to gain control of Washington Mutual or to organize a
proxy contest. If such proposal was presented, management would make a
recommendation based upon the best interests of Washington Mutual's
shareholders.
In the event the proposal to increase the number of authorized shares
of Washington Mutual Common Stock is approved, further shareholder approval of
the issuance of the 250,000,000 additional shares of Washington Mutual Common
Stock will not be sought prior to such issuance unless such issuances relate to
a merger, consolidation or other transaction that otherwise requires shareholder
approval. Upon issuance, such shares will have the same rights as the
outstanding shares of Washington Mutual Common Stock. Holders of Washington
Mutual Common Stock have no preemptive rights.
Other than the 47,883,333 shares to be issued pursuant to the Keystone
Transaction and except as otherwise described in this Proxy Statement,
Washington Mutual has no present plans to issue additional shares of Washington
Mutual Common Stock. The proposed increase in the number of authorized shares
will not change the number of shares currently outstanding or the rights of the
holders of such stock.
F-22
<PAGE> 277
BUSINESS OF KEYSTONE HOLDINGS
The following discussion regarding Keystone Holdings, Inc. and its
principal subsidiary, American Savings Bank F.A., should be read in conjunction
with the Consolidated Financial Statements of Keystone Holdings, Inc. and
Subsidiaries and the notes thereto, and the Condensed Consolidated Financial
Statements of Keystone Holdings, Inc. and Subsidiaries and the notes thereto,
which are included in this Appendix F.
Keystone Holdings is a holding company, substantially all of whose
business activities are conducted through it principal operating subsidiary,
ASB, a California-based federally chartered savings bank. All of Keystone
Holdings' lending activities are conducted through ASB. Keystone Holdings,
together with its consolidated subsidiaries, including ASB, is referred to
herein as "Keystone Holdings." Keystone Holdings had consolidated assets of
$20.5 billion, deposits of $12.7 billion and stockholder's equity of $550.4
million at June 30, 1996. For the six months ended June 30, 1996 and 1995,
Keystone Holdings recorded net interest income of $237.6 million and $165.7
million, respectively, and net earnings of $53.6 million and $25.5 million,
respectively. ASB had assets of $20.4 billion, deposits of $12.7 billion and
stockholder's equity of $1.2 billion at June 30, 1996.
ASB is one of the largest originators of single-family adjustable-rate
mortgages ("ARMs") in California. Single-family ARM originations for the
six-month period ended June 30, 1996 and for the year ended December 31, 1995
were $1.3 billion and $2.8 billion, respectively. For the six months ended June
30, 1996 and 1995, ASB recorded net interest income of $251.8 million and $181.8
million, respectively, and net earnings of $93.6 million and $62.5 million,
respectively. At June 30, 1996, ASB's capital levels qualified it as
"well-capitalized," the highest of the five categories under applicable
regulatory definitions. See "KEYSTONE HOLDINGS -- General."
ASB's deposits are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
(the "FDIC") through the Savings Association Insurance Fund (the "SAIF"). It is
a member of, and borrower from, the Federal Home Loan Bank (the "FHLB") of San
Francisco and is subject to comprehensive regulation, examination and
supervision by the Office of Thrift Supervision (the "OTS").
The principal business of ASB consists of attracting funds in the form
of retail deposits through its branches and through borrowings, and investing
those funds in single-family mortgage loans. ASB also originates a smaller
volume of multi-family residential loans (the majority of which are secured by
properties with 36 or fewer units) and loans secured by mobile home parks, which
are classified as commercial mortgage loans. ASB also has a limited portfolio of
other commercial mortgage loans, which were acquired from ASB's predecessor
institution. In addition, ASB owns subsidiary service corporations that engage
in securities and insurance brokerage. ASB's distribution network at June 30,
1996 consisted of 158 branches and 62 loan origination offices, all located in
California except for a loan origination office located in Phoenix, Arizona. ASB
expects to open three additional loan origination offices, one each in Las
Vegas, Nevada and Denver and Boulder, Colorado prior to year end 1996. The
California branches and loan origination offices are concentrated in the Los
Angeles and San Francisco metropolitan areas. A majority of ASB's loan
origination offices are located in close proximity to ASB's branch offices.
ASB's principal loan products are single-family residential ARMs that
reprice monthly to a predetermined margin over the Weighted Average Cost of
Funds Index for the Eleventh District Savings Institutions ("COFI"). ASB manages
interest rate risk by seeking to closely match the duration and repricing
periods of its assets and liabilities. By concentrating its loan origination
activities on COFI ARMs with monthly interest rate adjustments, ASB generates
interest-earning assets while managing interest rate risk. ASB also offers
fixed-rate and Treasury-indexed ARM loans. ASB sells substantially all of its
fixed-rate and non-COFI ARM originations immediately after funding.
F-23
<PAGE> 278
At June 30, 1996, ASB's capital exceeded all currently applicable
regulatory capital requirements and the requirements for being a
well-capitalized institution, as indicated in the table below:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Minimum Well-Capitalized
Ratio Actual Requirement Requirement
----- ------ ----------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Tangible capital to adjusted total assets........... 5.41% 1.50% n/a
Core capital to adjusted total assets............... 5.42 3.00(1) 5.00
Core capital to risk-weighted assets................ 9.26 4.00(2) 6.00
Total risk-based capital to risk-weighted assets.... 10.74 8.00 10.00
</TABLE>
----------------
(1) Under the prompt corrective action standards of the Federal Deposit
Insurance Corporation Improvement Act of 1991 ("FDICIA"), an
institution is subject to regulatory sanctions if its core capital
ratio is less than 4.00%.
(2) Adequately capitalized standard under the prompt corrective standards
of FDICIA.
Keystone Holdings and ASB were formed to effect the December 1988
acquisition (the "1988 Acquisition") of certain assets and liabilities of the
failed savings and loan association subsidiary (the "Failed Association") of
Financial Corporation of America. The 1988 Acquisition utilized a "good bank/bad
bank" structure, with ASB, the "good bank," acquiring substantially all of the
Failed Association's performing loans and fixed assets. New West, the "bad
bank," was formed to acquire the Failed Association's underperforming and
certain other assets, with a view towards their liquidation. New West is a
wholly-owned subsidiary of New Holdings, which is a wholly-owned subsidiary of
Keystone Holdings. Although Keystone Holdings beneficially owns the stock of New
West through New Holdings, it does not have a financial interest in New West
because of certain contractual agreements with, and indemnifications by, the
FDIC as manager of the FSLIC Resolution Fund (the "FRF"). Any loss incurred by
New West during its liquidation is the financial responsibility of the FRF. In
addition, substantially all decisions made by New West's management must be
approved by the FDIC prior to execution. New West has not recorded any earnings
or losses since its inception. Therefore, New West is not included in the
Consolidated Financial Statements of Keystone Holdings. Steps are currently
being taken to effect the divestiture of New West and it is a condition to
closing of the Keystone Transaction that the stock of New West, together with
any obligations and liabilities related to New West, be transferred to or
assumed by an entity not being acquired by Washington Mutual as a result of the
Keystone Transaction. See "THE KEYSTONE TRANSACTION -- Conditions to the
Keystone Transaction."
The operations of ASB are significantly influenced by general economic
conditions, the related monetary, fiscal and regulatory policies of the federal
government and by the policies of the OTS, the FDIC, and the FHLB of San
Francisco. Deposit flows and the cost of funds are influenced by interest rates
on competing investments and general market interest rates. Similarly, loan
origination volume and the level of prepayments on receivables are affected by
market interest rates on loans, as well as additional factors that affect the
supply of and demand for housing and the availability of funds.
LENDING ACTIVITIES
Keystone Holdings, through ASB, originates receivables using three
primary distribution channels: residential loan centers, income-property loan
centers, and a state-wide network of independent residential mortgage brokers.
Both residential and income-property loan centers are staffed with commissioned
employees of ASB. In recent years, ASB has strengthened its relationships with
wholesale independent mortgage brokers by offering a competitive product line
that has allowed brokers to broaden their customer base. Loan production agents
are not involved in the appraisal or underwriting functions. The value of
property pledged as collateral for a mortgage loan is determined by an appraiser
who generally is an employee of ASB. In areas where ASB does not have appraisal
staff, appraisers approved by ASB's Board of Directors are used. All appraisers
used by ASB meet applicable regulatory requirements. Salaried underwriters or
loan officers of ASB must approve loans on residential properties (single and
multi-family) according to lending guidelines established by ASB's Board of
Directors. Loan production from the independent residential mortgage brokers is
subject to the same underwriting standards as loan production from ASB's loan
centers.
F-24
<PAGE> 279
Keystone Holdings' receivable portfolio consists principally of loans
secured by single-family real estate. The following table summarizes the
composition of Keystone Holdings' receivable portfolio on the dates indicated:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
June 30, December 31,
------------------------- -----------------------------------------------------
1996 1995 1994
Percentage Percentage Percentage
Amount of Total Amount of Total Amount of Total
------------ ------------ ------------- ----------- ------------ -----------
(dollars in thousands)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Real estate receivables:
Single-family
Adjustable.................... $10,769,464 83.13% $ 9,235,248 81.79% $ 9,539,309 74.32%
Fixed......................... 268,832 2.08 208,841 1.85 162,861 1.27
Multi-family
Adjustable.................... 1,422,469 10.98 1,342,563 11.89 2,529,120 19.70
Fixed......................... 55,772 0.43 56,462 0.50 66,414 0.52
Commercial, industrial and
land (1)...................... 352,246 2.72 359,537 3.18 441,980 3.44
Equity loans (1)(2)............. 44,332 0.34 46,122 0.41 49,643 0.39
Construction.................... -- -- -- -- -- --
-------------- ------ ------------- ------ ------------ -----
Total real estate receivables. 12,913,115 99.68 11,248,773 99.62 12,789,327 99.64
Other receivables:
Deposit certificates............ 21,121 0.16 21,582 0.19 24,472 0.19
Credit card..................... 2,809 0.02 3,003 0.03 2,897 0.02
Other........................... 17,398 0.14 18,156 0.16 19,071 0.15
------------- ------- ------------- ------- ------------ -------
Total other receivables....... 41,328 0.32 42,741 0.38 46,440 0.36
------------- ------- ------------- ------- ------------ -------
Total gross receivables..... $12,954,443 100.00% $11,291,514 100.00% $12,835,767 100.00%
=========== ====== =========== ====== =========== ======
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31,
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1993 1992 1991
Percentage Percentage Percentage
Amount of Total Amount of Total Amount of Total
------------- ------------ ------------- ------------ ------------ ------------
(dollars in thousands)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Real estate receivables:
Single-family
Adjustable.................... $6,796,988 67.65% $7,012,321 70.77% $5,905,566 67.83%
Fixed......................... 304,837 3.03 341,713 3.45 624,132 7.17
Multi-family
Adjustable.................... 2,171,648 21.61 1,707,545 17.23 1,252,144 14.38
Fixed......................... 82,834 0.82 95,841 0.97 84,868 0.97
Commercial, industrial and
land (1)...................... 426,908 4.25 456,230 4.60 519,869 5.97
Equity loans (1)(2)............. 58,302 0.58 71,743 0.72 89,736 1.03
Construction.................... 2,991 0.04 2,991 0.03 2,991 0.03
-------- ------ -------- ------- --------- -------
Total real estate receivables. 9,844,508 97.98 9,688,384 97.77 8,479,306 97.38
Other receivables:
Deposit certificates............ 31,024 0.31 39,693 0.40 53,699 0.62
Credit card..................... 151,871 1.51 158,476 1.60 149,428 1.72
Other........................... 20,129 0.20 22,561 0.23 24,076 0.28
------------ ------- ------------ ------- ------------ -------
Total other receivables....... 203,024 2.02 220,730 2.23 227,203 2.62
------------ ------- ------------ ------- ------------ -------
Total gross receivables..... $10,047,532 100.00% $ 9,909,114 100.00% $ 8,706,509 100.00%
=========== ====== =========== ====== =========== ======
</TABLE>
- ----------------
(1) Predominantly adjustable-rate receivables.
(2) All equity loans are secured by residential real estate.
Keystone Holdings' mortgage portfolio is almost exclusively within
California. The following table summarizes the real estate receivable portfolio
by certain geographic areas on the dates indicated:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
June 30, December 31,
------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------
1996 1995 1994
------------------------------ ------------------------------ ----------------------------
Percentage Percentage Percentage
Amount of Total Amount of Total Amount of Total
-------------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ---------- -----------
(dollars in thousands)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Los Angeles County.................. $3,930,640 30.44% $ 3,494,217 31.06% $ 4,028,411 31.50%
San Francisco Bay Area.............. 4,156,423 32.19 3,537,474 31.45 3,680,469 28.78
Orange County....................... 1,438,278 11.14 1,285,570 11.43 1,256,836 9.83
Other California Counties........... 3,292,603 25.50 2,867,455 25.49 3,492,578 27.31
Other States........................ 95,171 0.73 64,057 0.57 331,033 2.58
------------- ------- ------------- ------ ------------ ------
Total Real Estate Receivables..... $12,913,115 100.00% $11,248,773 100.00% $12,789,327 100.00%
=========== ====== =========== ====== =========== ======
</TABLE>
F-25
<PAGE> 280
Single-Family Mortgages. A substantial portion of ASB's lending
activity consists of the origination and acquisition of loans secured by
single-family residences. Approximately 70% of the single-family mortgage loans
originated by ASB during the six months ended June 30, 1996 were secured by
owner-occupied properties and had loan-to-value ratios of less than 80% based on
appraisals at the time of origination. The remaining 30% consisted of owner and
non-owner occupied single-family originations, with the majority being
owned-occupied loans with loan-to-value ratios between 80 percent and 90
percent.
ASB offers an array of mortgage products with varying maturities and
repricing characteristics. Primary products include COFI ARMs that adjust
monthly with maturities up to a maximum of 40 years, mortgages that have a fixed
initial rate for up to five years and then reprice monthly until maturity, and
fixed-rate 15, 20 and 30 year mortgages. ASB's 30 and 40 year mortgages have
historically remained outstanding for substantially shorter periods than the
loan term due to borrower prepayments and refinancings. See Note 5,
"Receivables," in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements of Keystone
Holdings for additional information regarding the contractual loan repayment
schedule of the receivable portfolio.
The June 30, 1996 gross receivable balance consisted of over 97% ARMs
and less than 3% fixed-rate receivables. The majority of the ARMs adjust monthly
to a predetermined margin over COFI.
The monthly payments on substantially all of ASB's ARMs adjust annually
with the adjustment limited to 7.5% per year (except at the end of each
five-year interval during the life of the loan, when the payment may be adjusted
by more than 7.5% to assure that the loan will amortize over the remaining term)
thereby protecting borrowers from unlimited payment increases. These protections
for borrowers can result in monthly payments that are greater or less than the
amount necessary to amortize the mortgage by its maturity at the interest rate
in effect for any particular month. In the event that a monthly payment is not
sufficient to pay the interest accruing on a mortgage, the shortage is added to
the principal balance. This is referred to as negative amortization. An increase
in interest rates tends to increase the outstanding loan principal arising from
negative amortization. The portion of outstanding loan principal resulting from
negative amortization was $22.0 million, $13.3 million and $2.9 million at June
30, 1996 and December 31, 1995 and 1994, respectively.
ASB requires title insurance on all liens on real property securing
loans and also requires that fire and casualty insurance be maintained on
properties in an amount at least equal to the total of ASB's loans plus all
prior liens on the property or the replacement cost of the property, whichever
is less.
Under federal regulations, a real estate loan may not exceed the
appraised value of the property at the time of origination. In addition, savings
associations are required by regulation to adopt written policies that establish
appropriate limits and standards for real estate loans and to consider certain
regulatory guidelines in establishing these policies. These guidelines specify
that savings associations should not originate any commercial, multi-family or
nonowner-occupied 1-to-4 family mortgage loan with an initial loan-to-value
ratio in excess of 85%. The guidelines further provide that savings associations
should not originate any owner-occupied 1-to-4 family mortgage loan with a
loan-to-value ratio that equals or exceeds 90% at origination, unless such loan
is protected by an appropriate credit enhancement in the form of either mortgage
insurance or readily marketable collateral. These real estate lending guidelines
recognize that it may be appropriate for a savings association to originate
mortgage loans with loan-to-value ratios exceeding these specified levels,
provided that the aggregate amount of all loans in excess of these limits does
not exceed a specified level of such association's total capital and such loans
are identified in the association's records and reported at least quarterly to
its board of directors. ASB's real estate lending policies and real estate loans
comply with these requirements.
Multi-Family and Commercial Mortgages. The risks associated with
multi-family and commercial lending are typically greater than those associated
with residential single-family mortgage lending. The former typically involve
larger loan balances concentrated with single borrowers or groups of related
borrowers. In addition, payments on loans secured by such properties are usually
dependent on the cash flows generated from the related real estate project and
therefore may be subject, to a greater extent, to adverse conditions in the real
estate market or in the economy. During the first six months of 1996 and 1995,
multi-family originations represented approximately 5.2% and 6.4%, respectively,
of total loan originations (by principal balance).
F-26
<PAGE> 281
The commercial loans originated by ASB during the first six months of
1996 and 1995 were restricted to loans secured by mobile home parks and
refinances of existing loans. Commercial originations represented approximately
0.3 percent and 0.2 percent of total loan originations (by principal balance)
during the six months ending June 30, 1996 and 1995, respectively.
The following table summarizes the balance of multi-family, commercial
and industrial receivables by collateral type on the dates indicated:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
June 30, December 31,
----------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------
1996 1995 1994
----------------------------- ------------------------------ -----------------------------
Percentage Percentage Percentage
Amount of Total Amount of Total Amount of Total
-------------- ------------ -------------- ------------- ----------- -----------
(dollars in thousands)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Multi-family.................... $1,478,241 80.76% $1,399,025 79.56% $2,595,534 85.45%
Office buildings (1)............ 131,517 7.18 137,441 7.82 206,135 6.79
Retail stores................... 73,145 3.99 75,446 4.29 95,293 3.14
Manufacturing/wholesale
warehouses.................... 36,359 1.99 39,396 2.24 44,018 1.45
Mobile home parks............... 104,861 5.73 101,712 5.78 86,799 2.86
Other (2)....................... 6,364 0.35 5,542 0.31 9,735 0.31
------------ ------- ------------ ------- ------------ -------
Total....................... $1,830,487 100.00% $1,758,562 100.00% $3,037,514 100.00%
========== ====== ========== ====== ========== ======
</TABLE>
- ----------------
(1) $0.6 million, $2.8 million and $46.8 million of these receivables were
covered by government credit support at June 30, 1996 and at December 31,
1995 and 1994, respectively.
(2) Includes land receivables of $190,000, $90,000 and $51,000 at June 30 1996,
December 31, 1995 and December 31, 1994, respectively.
Under applicable regulations, a savings association may invest in
commercial real estate loans up to 400.0% of its total risk-based capital. ASB
was in compliance with this limitation at June 30, 1996. The amount of
multi-family lending and single-family lending is not limited by federal
regulation.
Consumer Receivables. ASB has originated various types of consumer
loans generally consisting of unsecured lines of credit and loans that are
secured by personal property. These loans historically have been provided as a
service to existing customers and have not represented a significant portion of
ASB's business. In the first quarter of 1994, ASB sold the majority of its
credit card portfolio for a gain of approximately $25.0 million.
Receivables Held-for-Sale. ASB had designated $42.1 million of
receivables as held-for-sale at June 30, 1996. The held-for-sale portfolio at
June 30, 1996 primarily consisted of single-family fixed-rate receivables. The
buyers of receivables sold by ASB are primarily the Federal National Mortgage
Association (the "FNMA") and, to a lesser extent, the Federal Home Loan Mortgage
Corporation (the "FHLMC").
At the time of sale, Keystone Holdings retains the servicing for
substantially all of the loans it sells and, in turn, receives servicing fees.
Servicing activities include collecting and remitting loan payments, inspecting
the properties and ensuring that insurance and tax payments are made on behalf
of the borrowers. At June 30, 1996 and at December 31, 1995, Keystone Holdings
serviced $15.7 billion and $16.2 billion of receivables for investors,
respectively. Although most receivables are sold servicing retained, Keystone
Holdings has sold certain receivables servicing released.
ASB hedges certain of its mortgage commitments in an effort to manage
its exposure to movements in interest rates. Depending on the level of the
commitments hedged and actual movements in interest rates, ASB may incur gains
or losses upon disposition of these assets in the secondary market. The results
of these activities are included in "Other Income and Expense" in the
Consolidated Statements of Earnings. See "CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS."
F-27
<PAGE> 282
Receivables Held-to-Maturity. Receivables not designated by management
as held-for-sale are classified as held-to-maturity with the intent of holding
these receivables to maturity. At June 30, 1996, ASB's held-to-maturity
receivables consisted primarily of single-family ARMs and, to a lesser extent,
multi-family, commercial and consumer loans.
Mortgage-Backed Securities. Total net mortgage-backed securities
decreased to $6.3 billion at June 30, 1996 from $7.0 billion at December 31,
1995. Substantially all mortgage-backed securities held by Keystone Holdings are
collateralized by mortgages originated and securitized by ASB for purposes of
diversifying credit risk, increasing liquidity and creating collateral for
borrowings.
Delinquent Receivables and Non-Performing Assets. When a borrower fails
to make a scheduled payment, the related receivable is classified as delinquent.
If the delinquency is not cured (through receipt of payments due or, in certain
instances, through formal modifications or restructurings), ASB sends a notice
of intent to foreclose on approximately the 35th day of delinquency, records a
notice of default and commences foreclosure proceedings on the 65th day of
delinquency.
The procedural steps necessary for foreclosure vary from state to
state, but generally if the loan is not reinstated within a certain period
specified by statute, the property securing the loan can be acquired by the
lender. In most cases, a lender is not permitted under California law to obtain
a deficiency judgment against the borrower if the property is insufficient to
cover the balance owed on the loan. While deficiency judgments are available in
several of the other states in which ASB has loans, it generally relies on the
underlying real property to satisfy foreclosed loans.
Interest is not recognized on receivables that are 90 days or more
contractually delinquent or where collection is less than probable ("nonaccrual
receivables"). Interest income is subsequently recognized on these receivables
only to the extent that payments are received.
Classification of Assets. Savings associations are required to review
and classify receivables and other assets according to risk on a regular basis.
An association generally classifies an asset, or a portion thereof, as
"substandard" if it has a well-defined weakness and is characterized by the
distinct possibility that the association will sustain some loss if the
deficiencies are not corrected. Assets classified as "doubtful" have the
weaknesses inherent in those classified substandard, with the added
characteristic that collection or liquidation in full on the basis of currently
existing facts is highly questionable and improbable. Those assets that are
classified as "loss" have been considered to be uncollectible. Any portion of an
asset that is classified as loss must have either a specific valuation allowance
equal to 100.0% of the balance classified as loss or be charged off. In
addition, an asset that does not currently warrant classification as substandard
but that demonstrates weaknesses or deficiencies deserving close attention is
required to be designated as "special mention." ASB monitors the level of assets
within each category and utilizes this information as one of the factors in
determining the appropriate level of credit allowances.
Allowance for Credit Losses. ASB establishes general loss allowances on
the outstanding portfolio and, where appropriate, specific loss allowances on
individual receivables. Specific loss allowances are provided when an impairment
of value which is deemed other than temporary is identified on an individual
receivable. Factors management considers when assessing the adequacy of the
allowance for credit losses include, but are not limited to, the nature and
value of the underlying collateral, the loan delinquency status, historical and
projected loss experience on foreclosed properties and the level and trend of
classified assets. As management utilizes information currently available to
make such an assessment, the allowance for credit losses is subjective and may
be adjusted in the future depending on changes in economic conditions or other
factors. Additionally, various regulatory agencies, as an integral part of their
regular examination process, review the allowance for estimated losses. These
agencies may require additions to the allowance based on their judgments of
information available to them at the time of their examination. See Note 6,
"Allowance for Credit Losses," in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial
Statements of Keystone Holdings for additional information on the allowance for
credit losses.
F-28
<PAGE> 283
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
OTS Applicable regulations require that ASB maintain a balance of
assets that are invested in certain eligible liquid investments. ASB maintains a
portfolio of investment securities in order to meet liquidity requirements and
to fulfill short-term cash needs. ASB's investment portfolio is managed to
emphasize liquidity, to preserve capital and to minimize credit risk. The
following tables summarize Keystone Holdings' investment securities classified
as available-for-sale on the dates indicated (in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
June 30, 1996
-------------------------------------------------
Gross
Unrealized
Amortized ---------------------- Fair
Cost Gain Loss Value
----------- ------- --------- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
U.S. government and agency
obligations ............ $123,418 $ -- $ (1,613) $121,805
Corporate debt obligations -- $ -- -- --
-------- ------- -------- --------
Total ................ $123,418 $ -- $ (1,613) $121,805
======== ======= ======== ========
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31,
1995 1994
------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------
Gross Gross
Amortized Unrealized Fair Amortized Unrealized Fair
Cost Gain Loss Value Cost Gain Loss Value
--------- -------- ------ -------- --------- ------ -------- -------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
U.S. Government and agency
obligations ......................... $164,972 $ 407 $ -- $165,379 $ 90,021 $ -- $ (2,447) $ 87,574
Corporate debt obligations ............ -- -- -- -- 50,000 -- (1,625) 48,375
-------- -------- ------ -------- -------- ------ -------- --------
Total ............................... $164,972 $ 407 $ -- $165,379 $140,021 $ -- $ (4,072) $135,949
======== ======== ====== ======== ======== ====== ======== ========
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1993
--------------------------------------------
Gross
Amortized Unrealized Fair
Cost Gain Loss Value
--------- ----- ----- -----
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
U.S. Government and agency
obligations.................. $ -- $ -- $ -- $ --
Corporate debt obligations..... -- -- -- --
----- ----- ----- ---
Total........................ $ -- $ -- $ -- $ --
===== ===== ===== ====
</TABLE>
The following tables summarize Keystone Holdings' investment securities
classified as held-to-maturity on the dates indicated (in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
June 30, 1996
-------------------------------------------------
Gross
Unrealized
Amortized ---------------------- Fair
Cost Gain Loss Value
----------- ------- --------- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
U.S. government and agency
obligations.................. $ 6,008 $ 2 $ -- $ 6,010
Corporate debt obligations..... 100,087 -- (8) 100,079
-------- ----- ---- --------
Total...................... $106,095 $ 2 $(8) $106,089
======== ==== ==== ========
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31,
1995 1994
---------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------
Gross Gross
Amortized Unrealized Fair Amortized Unrealized Fair
Cost Gain Loss Value Cost Gain Loss Value
--------- ------ ------ -------- --------- ------ ------- -------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
U.S. government and agency
Obligations ...................... $ 19,693 $ -- $ -- $ 19,693 $ 23,847 $ -- $ -- $23,847
Corporate debt obligations ......... 97,035 -- (7) 97,028 63,167 1 (13) 63,155
-------- ------ ------- -------- -------- ------ ------ -------
Total ............................ $116,728 $ -- $ (7) $116,721 $ 87,014 $ 1 $ (13) $87,002
======== ====== ======= ======== ======== ====== ====== =======
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1993
----------------------------------------------
Gross
Amortized Unrealized Fair
Cost Gain Loss Value
--------- ----- ----- -------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
U.S. government and agency
obligations.................. $18,790 $ -- $ -- $18,790
Corporate debt obligations..... 73,638 1 (12) 73,627
------- ---- ----- -------
Total........................ $92,428 $ 1 $ (12) $92,417
======= ==== ===== =======
</TABLE>
F-29
<PAGE> 284
Keystone Holdings limits its investment in commercial paper and in
debentures to investments rated at least A1/P1 and AAA, respectively.
Consequently, management considers the credit risk associated with these types
of investments to be minimal. Keystone Holdings minimizes the market risk
associated with these types of investments by limiting the maturities of
commercial paper and fixed-rate debentures to 90 days and five years,
respectively.
At June 30, 1996, Keystone Holdings had commercial paper totalling
$71.2 million issued by Ford Motor Company, representing 12.9% of Keystone
Holdings' stockholder's equity at that date. The market value of the Ford Motor
Company commercial paper approximated its carrying value on June 30, 1996.
See Note 3, "Investment Securities," in the Notes to the Consolidated
Financial Statements of Keystone Holdings for additional information.
FUNDING ACTIVITIES
Deposit accounts traditionally have been an important source of funds
for ASB's lending activities. In addition to deposits, ASB obtains funds from
loan repayments, sales of receivables and mortgage-backed securities, wholesale
borrowings, FHLB advances, reverse repurchase agreements and other borrowings.
Scheduled loan payments are a relatively stable source of funds, while loan
prepayments and deposit levels are significantly influenced by prevailing
interest rates and money market conditions.
Deposits. ASB's deposits are generated primarily from its sales force
located in the 158 retail branch offices throughout California. Deposits
declined slightly at June 30, 1996 from December 31, 1995. In order to attract
both short and long-term deposits from the general public, ASB offers a variety
of products including passbook accounts, NOW accounts, various money market and
savings accounts and certificates of deposit.
The following table summarizes the deposit account balances outstanding
on the dates indicated:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
June 30, December 31,
----------------------------- -----------------------------
1996 1995 1994 1993
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
(in thousands)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Demand and savings deposits:
Money market demand ............... $ 1,324,613 $ 1,425,243 $ 1,585,308 $ 1,945,614
Passbook .......................... 2,027,509 1,878,761 1,063,064 758,431
Money market savings .............. 375,724 415,886 564,298 693,242
Super passbook .................... 143,251 173,826 400,525 607,550
Other ............................. 108 237 383 10,297
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
Total demand and savings deposits 3,871,205 3,893,953 3,613,578 4,015,134
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
Time deposits:
Fixed Rate ........................ 8,873,365 9,126,012 9,217,044 9,353,918
Other ............................. 40 247 365 2,867
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
Total time deposits ............. 8,873,405 9,126,259 9,217,409 9,356,785
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
Unearned premium .................... -- -- 313 2,198
Deferred hedging costs .............. (15,644) (15,183) (15,811) (6,477)
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
Total ......................... $ 12,728,966 $ 13,005,029 $ 12,815,489 $ 13,367,640
============ ============ ============ ============
</TABLE>
Time deposit accounts with balances of $100,000 or greater aggregated
$1.7 billion and $1.8 billion at June 30, 1996 and December 31, 1995,
respectively. At June 30, 1996, time deposit accounts with balances of $100,000
or greater mature as follows: $557.8 million within three months, $458.0 million
in three to six months, $551.0 million in six to twelve months, and $180.3
million thereafter. At December 31, 1995, time deposit accounts with balances of
$100,000 or greater matured as follows: $1.4 billion within three months, $177.2
million in three to six months, $102.0 million in six to twelve months, and
$98.9 million thereafter.
F-30
<PAGE> 285
The following table summarizes average deposit balances by category for
the periods indicated (dollars in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Six-Month Period
Ended June 30,
------------------------------------------------------
1996 1995
Average Average
Balance(1) Rate Balance(1) Rate
----------- ------- ----------- -------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Money market demand accounts...... $894,591 0.81% $909,584 1.01%
Savings accounts.................... 2,940,489 3.36% 3,027,627 3.54%
Time deposit accounts............... 8,925,101 5.47% 9,374,031 5.41%
----------- ------ ----------- ------
Total deposits............. $12,760,181 4.65% $13,311,242 4.68%
=========== ====== =========== ======
</TABLE>
- -----------------
(1) Average balances calculated on a monthly basis.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended December 31,
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1995 1994 1993
--------------------------- ---------------------------- --------------------------
Average Average Average
Balance(1) Rate Balance(1) Rate Balance(1) Rate
------------ ------- ------------- ------ ----------- ------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Money market demand accounts........ $909,383 0.91% $963,857 1.03% $983,330 1.29%
Savings accounts.................... 3,087,775 3.84% 2,864,716 2.26% 3,308,896 2.41%
Time deposit accounts............... 9,327,026 5.46% 9,242,465 4.41% 9,488,159 4.44%
----------- ------ ----------- ------ ----------- ------
Total deposits............. $13,324,184 4.78% $13,071,038 3.69% $13,780,385 3.73%
=========== ====== =========== ====== =========== ======
</TABLE>
- -----------------
(1) Average balances calculated on a monthly basis.
For additional information on deposits see Note 12, "Deposits," in the
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements of Keystone Holdings.
FHLB Advances and Other Borrowings. In addition to deposits, ASB
utilizes borrowings from the FHLB of San Francisco as a source of funds,
pledging as security its shares of FHLB of San Francisco stock and certain
receivables and mortgage-backed securities. At June 30, 1996, FHLB of San
Francisco advances are secured by ASB's investment in FHLB stock of $180.3
million and receivables and mortgage-backed securities with aggregate principal
balances of $1.8 billion and $91.4 million, respectively. The maximum amount of
credit that the FHLB of San Francisco will advance for purposes other than
meeting withdrawals varies from time to time in accordance with changes in
policy of the FHLB of San Francisco.
In order to meet cash flow requirements and fund receivables, ASB also
enters into reverse repurchase and dollar roll agreements, consisting of sales
of securities with a concurrent commitment to repurchase the same or similar
securities at a predetermined price at a future date. ASB generally borrows 97%
of the fair value of the collateral from broker-dealers and 100% of the fair
value of the collateral from the FHLB. In these transactions, ASB sells
securities to broker-dealers and the FHLB of San Francisco with a concurrent
commitment to repurchase securities from the broker-dealer and the FHLB of San
Francisco at a specified price on a specified future date, typically one to 90
days after the date of the initial purchase. However, ASB has entered into
transactions as long as five years based on the economic benefit derived from
these transactions. Reverse repurchase agreements are subject to certain risks,
including the risk that the broker-dealer will fail to perform its obligations.
ASB attempts to reduce such risks by, among other things, entering into such
agreements only with well-capitalized broker-dealers who are primary dealers in
government securities, reviewing on a regular basis the financial status of such
broker-dealers, limiting the maximum amount of agreements permitted to be
outstanding at any time with any single broker-dealer and requiring the return
of securities if the market value of the purchased securities rises above levels
specified in such agreements. Although ASB believes that these procedures reduce
the risks of reverse repurchase agreements, there is no assurance that it would
be able to obtain the purchased securities in the event that a broker-dealer
fails to perform its obligations under a reverse repurchase agreement.
F-31
<PAGE> 286
The following table summarizes information concerning Keystone
Holdings' borrowings outstanding on the dates indicated:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
June 30, December 31,
------------------ ------------------------------------------------------
1996 1995 1994 1993
------------------ ------------------ ------------------ ----------------
(dollars in thousands)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
FHLB advances............................... $2,013,439 $1,004,337 $ 391,366 $1,537,663
Reverse repurchase agreements............... 3,987,359 4,016,441 3,982,659 1,034,595
Federal funds purchased..................... -- -- 50,000 --
Payable to affiliates....................... 25,000 -- -- 10,000
Other borrowed money........................ 493,734 371,079 309,653 308,721
----------- ----------- ----------- ----------
Total................................... $6,519,532 $5,391,857 $4,733,678 $2,890,979
========== ========== ========== ==========
Total borrowings as a percentage of:
Deposits.................................. 51.22% 41.46% 36.94% 21.63%
Total assets.............................. 31.83% 27.36% 25.72% 16.79%
</TABLE>
See Note 13, "Federal Home Loan Bank Advances," Note 14, "Reverse Repurchase
Agreements," and Note 15, "Other Borrowed Money" in the Notes to the
Consolidated Financial Statements of Keystone Holdings for additional
information, including the contractual maturity of outstanding borrowings.
ASSET LIABILITY MANAGEMENT
Keystone Holdings controls the sensitivity of its net interest income
to fluctuations in interest rates by closely matching the maturities and
interest rates of its interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities.
See "MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF
OPERATIONS OF KEYSTONE HOLDINGS -- Asset/Liability Management."
TAXATION
For federal income tax purposes, Keystone Holdings reports its income
and expenses using the accrual method of accounting and uses the calendar year
as its tax year. Except for interest expense rules pertaining to certain tax
exempt income applicable to banks and the recently repealed bad debt reserve
deduction, the Keystone Entities are subject to federal income tax, under
existing provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the
"Code") in generally the same manner as other corporations. As a result of the
1988 Acquisition, however, Keystone Holdings and certain subsidiaries, in
exchange for the ability to utilize certain net operating loss carryforwards
generated by the Failed Association, agreed to share certain federal income tax
benefits with the FRF. See "KEYSTONE HOLDINGS STRUCTURE -- The 1988 Acquisition
- -- Tax Related Agreements." Recently enacted legislation requires thrifts to
calculate tax bad debt deductions based on actual current loan losses. Such
legislation also requires ASB to recapture as ordinary income its post-1987 tax
bad debt reserves over a six-year period. Such post-1987 reserves have been
provided for in calculating the deferred tax asset set forth in the Consolidated
Financial Statements of Keystone Holdings attached as Appendix B. However, the
useable value of the net operating loss carryforward deductions involved in the
deferred tax asset calculations will be severely reduced due to the Keystone
Transaction.
PROPERTIES
ASB owns its principal office building in Stockton, California, 96 of
its 158 branch offices and 13 of its 51 other facilities. ASB leases 62 branches
and 38 other facilities for periods through 2061. ASB also leased its executive
offices in Irvine, California during 1994. Effective January 1995, ASB acquired
the Irvine Plaza Buildings in Irvine, California, which house ASB's executive
offices as well as various other departments.
F-32
<PAGE> 287
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
Keystone Holdings and its subsidiaries are defendants in various legal
actions that arise out of the normal course of business. In the opinion of
management, the probable liability resulting from these suits, individually or
in the aggregate, is unlikely to have a material effect on Keystone Holdings.
As part of the administration and oversight of the agreements between
Keystone Holdings and the FRF, among others, related to the 1988 Acquisition
(the "FRF Agreements"), the FDIC has a variety of review and audit rights,
including the right to review and audit computations of payments in lieu of
taxes. Keystone Holdings and its affiliates have entered into settlement
agreements (the "Settlement Agreements") with the FDIC for all periods through
June 30, 1994, pursuant to which Keystone Holdings and certain of its affiliated
parties and the FDIC have mutually settled and released all claims in
consideration of certain nominal payments. Keystone Holdings has received no
notice of any issues involving more than nominal amounts arising after June 30,
1994. The FDIC Office of Inspector General has commenced an audit of certain
transactions and payments under the FRF Agreements occurring during the period
beginning July 1, 1994 and ending June 30, 1996. See "THE KEYSTONE TRANSACTION."
MANAGEMENT
The following table sets forth the names, ages and titles of the
directors and executive officers of Keystone Holdings as of October 1, 1996:
Name Age Title
---- --- -----
David Bonderman 53 Director and President
Bernard J. Carl 48 Director
James G. Coulter 36 Director
Ray L. Pinson 39 Senior Vice President, Secretary and Treasurer
The following table sets forth the names, ages and titles of the
directors and executive officers of ASB as of October 1, 1996:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Name Age Title
---- --- -----
<S> <C> <C>
Mario J. Antoci 62 Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer
Robert T. Barnum 50 Director, President and Chief Operating Officer
David Bonderman 53 Director
Bernard J. Carl 48 Director
James G. Coulter 36 Director
J. Taylor Crandall 42 Director
Robert B. Henske 35 Director, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
John D. Broderick 54 Executive Vice President and Director of Retail Banking
Craig S. Davis 45 Executive Vice President and Director of Mortgage Origination
John R. Donohue 53 Executive Vice President and Director of Lending Portfolio Management
Jimmy D. Holland 48 Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary
Mary P. Locatelli 46 Executive Vice President and Director of Audit and Compliance Officer
</TABLE>
Mario J. Antoci. Mario J. Antoci has more than 30 years of financial
services experience. He has served ASB as Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
since 1988. Prior to his employment with ASB, Mr. Antoci was President and Chief
Operating Officer of Home Savings of America, the nation's largest savings and
loan association, and its parent company, H.F. Ahmanson and Co., for four years.
He was a member of Home Savings' Board of Directors from 1982 to 1988. Mr.
Antoci will resign as Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of ASB effective as
of the closing of the Keystone Transaction. See "MANAGEMENT AND OPERATIONS
FOLLOWING THE KEYSTONE TRANSACTION -- Operations Following the Keystone
Transaction."
Robert T. Barnum. Robert T. Barnum has served ASB as President and
Chief Operating Officer since 1992. He joined ASB in 1989 as a Director,
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer. Previously, Mr. Barnum was
Chief Financial Officer for First Nationwide Corp. of San Francisco, California
and Executive
F-33
<PAGE> 288
Vice President and Chief Financial Officer for the Krupp Companies, a
Boston-based builder-syndicator and savings and loan holding company. Currently,
he serves as a director for National Re Holdings Corp., a reinsurance holding
company in Stanford, Connecticut and Harborside Healthcare Corp. of Boston,
Massachusetts. See "MANAGEMENT AND OPERATIONS FOLLOWING THE KEYSTONE TRANSACTION
- -- Operations Following the Keystone Transaction."
David Bonderman. David Bonderman has been a Director of each of
Keystone Holdings and ASB since 1989. Mr. Bonderman is a Principal of Texas
Pacific Group, an investment entity. From 1983 until 1992, Mr. Bonderman was
Chief Operating Officer of Keystone, Inc. (formerly Robert M. Bass Group, Inc.),
a company owned by Robert M. Bass and principally engaged in investment
activities. KH Group Management, Inc., a corporation of which Mr. Bonderman is
the sole director and president, is the managing general partner of Keystone
Partners. He is a director of National Re Holdings Corp., a reinsurance holding
company, Bell & Howell Company, Inc., an information handling, storage and
retrieval company, Carr Realty Co., a real estate investment trust, and is
Chairman of the Board of Continental Airlines, Inc.
John D. Broderick. John D. Broderick joined ASB as Executive Vice
President and Director of Retail Banking in January 1996. In this capacity, he
oversees the strategic direction and operation of ASB's branch network and
retail operations. Previously, Mr. Broderick was Chairman and Chief Executive
Officer of San Francisco, California-based ITT Residential Capital Corporation.
He also has served as an Executive Vice President of First New Hampshire Bank
and Crocker National Bank.
Bernard J. Carl. Bernard J. Carl has been a director of each of
Keystone Holdings and ASB since 1988. Mr. Carl is the Managing General Partner
of Castine Partners, an investment partnership associated with Keystone, Inc. In
this capacity, Mr. Carl had lead responsibility for the 1988 acquisition of ASB,
negotiation of the Settlement Agreements, and the 1993 acquisition of the Brazos
Partners, L.P. portfolio. Before joining Castine, Mr. Carl was in charge of
product development for the mortgage, real estate and financial institutions
group at Salomon Brothers Inc; a partner in the law firm of Williams & Connolly;
an appointee to the President's Commission on Housing; chief policy official of
the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD); and law clerk to
U.S. Supreme Court Justice Thurgood Marshall.
James G. Coulter. James G. Coulter has been a Director of each of
Keystone Holdings and ASB since 1992. Mr. Coulter is a Managing Partner of Texas
Pacific Group. From 1986 until 1992, Mr. Coulter was a Vice President of
Keystone, Inc. From 1986 to 1988, Mr. Coulter was also associated with SPO
Partners. Prior to joining Keystone, Inc., Mr. Coulter was an analyst for Lehman
Brothers Kuhn Loeb, Inc. Mr. Coulter is a director of America West Airlines,
Inc., Virgin Cinemas Ltd., Allied Waste Industries, Inc., Beringer Wine Estates
and Paradyne, Inc.
J. Taylor Crandall. J. Taylor Crandall has been a Director of ASB since
December 1988. He has been Chief Financial Officer and Vice President of
Keystone, Inc. and President of Acadia MGP, Inc., a general partner of Acadia
Partners, L.P., an investment partnership. In addition, since August 1989, Mr.
Crandall has been a Vice President of National Re Holdings Corp., and he served
as Treasurer of that company until June 1990 and has been one of its directors
since November 1989. From July 1976 to October 1986, Mr. Crandall was employed
by The First National Bank of Boston, where he was Vice President-Corporate
Lending at the time of his departure. Mr. Crandall is also a director of Bell &
Howell Company, Inc. and Specialty Foods Acquisition Corporation.
Craig S. Davis. Craig S. Davis has served ASB as Executive Vice
President and Director of Mortgage Origination since 1993. In this capacity, he
directs the strategic operation of ASB's residential and wholesale lending
operations. Mr. Davis joined ASB in 1989 to establish ASB Financial Services,
Inc., a subsidiary offering investments and insurance products, and served as
President of that subsidiary until his appointment to head Mortgage Origination.
Prior to joining ASB, Mr. Davis helped co-found and direct Home Savings of
America's broker-dealer operations, Griffin Financial Services.
John R. Donohue. John R. Donohue has served ASB as Executive Vice
President and Director of Lending Portfolio Management since 1993. In this
capacity, he oversees ASB's credit and lending operations. Mr. Donohue
F-34
<PAGE> 289
came to ASB after 16 years at Oakland-based World Savings, where he most
recently served as Group Senior Vice President, Loan Underwriting and Human
Resources.
Robert B. Henske. Robert B. Henske joined ASB as Executive Vice
President and Chief Financial Officer in January 1996. In this capacity, he
oversees all aspects of ASB's financial operations. Previously, Mr. Henske was
Vice President of Boston, Massachusetts-based Bain & Company. He also has served
as Vice President of First Manhattan Consulting Group.
Jimmy D. Holland. Jimmy D. Holland has served ASB as Executive Vice
President and General Counsel since 1991 and as Corporate Secretary since July
1992. From 1990 to 1991, Mr. Holland was General Counsel of American Real Estate
Group, Inc. and New West. Mr. Holland also specialized in finance and corporate
matters in private practice during six years as a director of Kelly, Hart &
Hallman, P.C., a Fort Worth, Texas law firm. During this period, he participated
in the representation of Keystone Holdings in the 1988 Acquisition.
Mary Locatelli. Mary Locatelli has served ASB as Executive Vice
President and Director of Audit and ASB's Compliance Officer since 1992. Ms.
Locatelli joined ASB in 1990 as First Vice President, Audit and Compliance
Officer. Previously, she was a Partner at Ernst & Young.
Ray L. Pinson. Ray L. Pinson has been Senior Vice President, Secretary
and Treasurer of Keystone Holdings since 1993. Since July 1990, Mr. Pinson has
been an analyst with Bass Enterprises Production Co. under contract to act as a
full-time consultant to ASB's holding companies, including Keystone Holdings.
From September 1988 until July 1990, Mr. Pinson was employed as a consultant to
Ferguson and Company, a consulting firm active in the savings association
industry. Mr. Pinson is a certified public accountant.
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS COMMON STOCK; DIVIDENDS
The authorized capital stock of Keystone Holdings consists of 100,000
shares of Keystone Holdings Common Stock. As of the date of this Proxy
Statement, there were 1,048.4483 shares of Keystone Holdings Common Stock issued
and outstanding. All of the issued and outstanding shares of Keystone Holdings
Common Stock are held by Keystone Holdings Partners L.P. There is no established
trading market for Keystone Holdings Common Stock and the shares of Keystone
Holdings Common Stock do not trade.
At June 30, 1996, ASB was a "well capitalized" institution as defined
by the OTS and was a "Tier 1" institution for purposes of OTS dividend
regulations. Under OTS regulations, ASB may make capital distributions during a
calendar year up to the greater of: (i) 100% of net income to date during the
calendar year plus the amount that would reduce by one-half its "surplus capital
ratio" at the beginning of the calendar year, or (ii) 75% of net income over the
most recent four-quarter period. ASB's available dividend capacity under these
regulations was $134.7 million at June 30, 1996 and $126.3 million at December
31, 1995.
It is the intent of the management of Keystone Holdings to operate ASB
as a "well-capitalized" institution. Therefore, ASB's dividend policy
incorporates OTS dividend requirements, planned balance sheet growth, and
certain earnings contingencies, such as an anticipated one-time SAIF assessment.
Keystone Holdings' dividends have been dependent on dividend payments
made by its subsidiary, New Holdings, whose dividends have been dependent on
dividend payments made by New Capital. The amount of dividends paid are in
accordance with the provisions of certain debt covenants, called restricted
payments, applicable to New Capital and the timing of the dividend payments is
determined by the timing of certain cash flows arising from certain tax sharing
payments that are made in accordance with an intercompany tax sharing agreement.
Keystone Holdings paid dividends of $76.3 million, $29.0 million, $32.5 million,
and $5.6 million in 1992, 1993, 1994, and 1995, respectively. The 1995 dividend
was lower than prior years due to the increase in capital at ASB in anticipation
of a one-time SAIF assessment and the timing of the 1995 tax sharing payments.
Keystone Holdings has declared dividends totalling $60.0 million in 1996 and
does not intend to declare further dividends in 1996.
F-35
<PAGE> 290
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS
GENERAL
Keystone Holdings commenced operations in December 1988 as an indirect
holding company for ASB. NACH Inc. owns all of the outstanding common stock of
ASB. NACH Inc. is owned by New Capital whose common stock is owned by New
Holdings, a subsidiary of Keystone Holdings. The Keystone Group is comprised of
Keystone Holdings and its direct and indirect subsidiaries. The holding company
structure of the Keystone Group and related companies is shown on the following
diagram.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
<S> <C> <C> <C>
-------------------------------------
Keystone Holdings
-------------------------------------
- --------------------- -------------------------------------
New West New Holdings
- --------------------- -------------------------------------
-------------------------------------
New Capital
-------------------------------------
------------------------------------- -----------------
NACH, Inc. Warrants FRF
------------------------------------- ------------ -----------------
-------------------------------------
ASB
-------------------------------------
</TABLE>
Substantially all of Keystone Holdings consolidated assets consist of
the consolidated assets of ASB, and at June 30, 1996, 97.8% of Keystone
Holdings' consolidated liabilities consisted of ASB's consolidated liabilities.
Substantially all of Keystone Holdings' remaining consolidated liabilities
consisted of indebtedness issued by New Capital. Thus, substantially all of the
earnings of Keystone Holdings consist of its equity in the earnings of ASB, less
the interest costs on an aggregate of $364.5 million principal amount of debt of
New Capital. Keystone Holdings' equity in the earnings of ASB is further reduced
by the minority interest represented by the warrants held by the FRF (see
"KEYSTONE HOLDINGS STRUCTURE -- The Warrants"), as well as by $80.0 million in
outstanding preferred stock issued by New Capital. Keystone Holdings reported
earnings before taxes of $102.2 million and $34.8 million for the six months
ended June 30, 1996 and 1995, respectively. Net earnings were $53.6 million and
$25.5 million for the same periods. American reported consolidated net earnings
of $93.6 million and $62.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 1996 and
1995, respectively.
F-36
<PAGE> 291
The following schedule reconciles the differences between ASB's consolidated net
earnings and Keystone Holdings' consolidated net earnings for the first six
months of 1996 and 1995 and for the years ended December 31, 1995, 1994 and 1993
(in millions of dollars):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Six Months Ended Year Ended
June 30, December 31,
-------------------------- -------------------------------------
1996 1995 1995 1994 1993
------------- ------------ ------------ ------------ ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
ASB's consolidated net earnings.................. $93.6 $62.5 $148.5 $109.2 $114.6
Minority interest attributable to the Warrants... (13.9) (14.3) (14.6) (21.8) (9.6)
Intermediate holdings companies' separate
income and expenses:
Gain on sale of asset management rights..... -- -- -- -- 23.0
Interest expense............................ (15.0) (16.2) (32.6) (26.7) (26.1)
Amortization of the Warrant value........... (3.1) (3.2) (6.2) (6.8) (8.0)
Loss on early extinguishment of debt........ -- (2.1) (2.1) -- --
General and administrative expenses......... (0.2) (0.3) (0.7) (0.9) (8.6)
------- ------- ------- ------- -------
61.4 26.4 92.3 53.0 85.3
Minority interest attributable to intermediate
holding company preferred...................... (7.0) (0.5) (6.5) (0.8) (0.8)
Separate net loss of Keystone Holdings........... (0.8) (0.4) (1.0) (1.9) (2.2)
------- ------- ------- ------- -------
Keystone Holdings consolidated net earnings...... $53.6 $25.5 $84.8 $50.3 $82.3
===== ===== ===== ===== =====
</TABLE>
THE 1988 ACQUISITION
General
ASB was formed to effect the 1988 Acquisition of certain assets and
liabilities of the Failed Association. The 1988 Acquisition had a "good bank/bad
bank" structure, with ASB, the "good bank," acquiring substantially all of the
Failed Association's performing loans, fixed assets and deposit liabilities.
ASB's sister association, New West, the "bad bank," was formed to acquire the
Failed Association's other assets (including non-performing loans) and
liabilities, with a view towards their liquidation. As a result of the 1988
Acquisition, ASB received a note (the "New West Note") from New West with an
initial outstanding principal amount of $7.8 billion (representing the
difference between the amount of deposits and other liabilities assumed and the
value of the assets acquired by ASB at the time of the 1988 Acquisition). The
then outstanding balance on the New West Note was prepaid in full on October 24,
1995. In the 1988 Acquisition, the Failed Association's assets and liabilities
acquired or assumed by ASB were marked to market.
At the time of the 1988 Acquisition, the FSLIC, with the approval of
the Federal Home Loan Bank Board (the "FHLBB"), entered into the FRF Agreements
with Keystone Holdings and its affiliates. Among other things, these
arrangements provided Keystone Holdings and its affiliates with protection
against certain credit risks associated with the assets acquired from the Failed
Association and provided for the availability and allocation of tax benefits
arising from the assets and operations of New West and loss carryovers inherited
from the Failed Association. As a result of the Financial Institutions Reform,
Recovery, and Enforcement Act of 1989 ("FIRREA"), certain assets and liabilities
of the FSLIC, including those arising from the 1988 Acquisition, have been
assigned to and assumed by the FRF, a special fund managed by the FDIC.
In April 1993, Keystone Holdings and certain of its affiliates entered
into the Settlement Agreement with the FDIC to settle certain existing disputes
between the parties relating to their respective rights and obligations under
the various agreements entered into in connection with the Acquisition. In June
1993, Keystone Holdings and its affiliates entered into a transaction (the
"Restructuring") with the FDIC and the Resolution Trust Corporation (the "RTC"),
which served to modify a number of the credit support and other arrangements
that had been put in place at the time of the 1988 Acquisition. The terms of the
1988 Acquisition arrangements described below are those in effect after the 1993
settlement agreement and the Restructuring unless otherwise indicated.
F-37
<PAGE> 292
Prior to consummation of the Keystone Transaction, it is anticipated
that these arrangements will be renegotiated, with a view to the simplification
and elimination of their most complex aspects. It is not anticipated that any
material assistance from the United States government will continue after
consummation of the Keystone Transaction. However, the obligation to share
certain tax benefits with the FRF will continue. See "THE KEYSTONE TRANSACTION."
In connection with the 1988 Acquisition, Keystone Holdings and its
subsidiaries entered into a variety of agreements relating to credit loss
protection and other matters. Many of the provisions of these agreements have
been modified or eliminated as a result of events following the 1988
Acquisition, including the Restructuring. The following are the principal
remaining agreements.
Credit Loss Protection and Other FRF Assistance
ASB receives direct FRF assistance on certain of ASB's assets. The
assets receiving this assistance consist of (i) certain identified loans and REO
properties that have become more than 61 days delinquent since the 1988
Acquisition, (ii) any loans which ASB is required to repurchase or to provide a
substitute loan for as a result of one or more participation interests therein
sold by the Failed Association and (iii) any loan or REO acquired by ASB in the
1988 Acquisition that is or becomes affected by certain environmental
conditions. The direct assistance provided by the FRF with respect to these
assets consists of the payment by the FDIC to ASB of (i) monthly yield
maintenance that provides an annual rate of 175 basis points over COFI, (ii)
capital loss protection upon sale or other disposition (generally, the
difference between the net proceeds from disposition and the then current
carrying value of the assets), and (iii) reimbursement of all out-of-pocket
costs and expenses relating to the holding, operation and resolution of the
assets (collectively, the "Direct FRF Assistance").
The FRF has agreed to indemnify, among others, Keystone Holdings, ASB,
New Capital and New West against all liabilities, subject to certain exceptions,
relating to the Failed Association existing prior to the effective date of the
1988 Acquisition and legal challenges relating to the 1988 Acquisition. Pursuant
to these provisions, the FDIC assumed defense of a statutory notice of
deficiency resulting from an audit by the Internal Revenue Service of Financial
Corporation of America's consolidated tax returns for the years 1982, 1983 and
1984. See Note 23, "Commitments and Contingencies," in the Notes to the
Consolidated Financial Statements of Keystone Holdings. In addition, with
respect to loans or REO that qualify for Direct FRF Assistance. Keystone
Holdings and its subsidiaries will also receive indemnification from the FDIC
with respect to liabilities incurred in connection with third-party claims
relating to the ownership or management by ASB thereof (other than claims
resulting from ASB's gross negligence or willful misconduct). These
indemnifications are expected to terminate at the end of 1998, except that
certain environmental indemnities will continue for longer periods.
Tax-Related Agreements
In connection with the 1988 Acquisition, the Internal Revenue Service
entered into a closing agreement (the "Closing Agreement") with respect to the
federal income tax consequences of the 1988 Acquisition and certain aspects of
the taxation of the affiliated group of which Keystone Holdings is the common
parent (the "Keystone Group"). The Closing Agreement contains provisions that
were intended to ensure that losses expected to be generated by New West would
be available to offset income of ASB for federal income tax purposes. To
accomplish this, the Closing Agreement provides, among other things, that: (a)
the 1988 Acquisition was a tax-free reorganization, (b) the tax attributes of
the Failed Association, including NOLs and tax loan loss reserves, carried over
to ASB, (c) as long as ASB qualifies as a domestic building and loan association
and New West is its nominee, any assistance received or accrued from the FRF
would be excluded from gross income, and (d) as long as certain conditions (the
"nominee conditions") existed, New West would be a nominee for ASB with the
result that all of New West's income, deductions, gains and losses would be
treated as ASB's income, deductions, gains and losses. In connection with the
Restructuring, the Keystone Group received a closing agreement from the Internal
Revenue Service to the effect that the Closing Agreement remains in effect.
The California Franchise Tax Board issued an opinion letter with
provisions substantially similar to the Closing Agreement; thus, New West's
losses similarly should be available to offset ASB's income for California
franchise tax purposes. No additional rulings or opinion letters were sought
from the California Franchise Tax
F-38
<PAGE> 293
Board in connection with the Restructuring; however, management believes that
the Keystone Group may continue to rely on its earlier opinion letters. In 1993,
California enacted legislation reducing the NOL carryover period to 10 years
from 15 years for losses incurred prior to 1994 related to assets acquired in a
tax-free reorganization such as that used in the 1988 Acquisition.
Even if New West's losses offset ASB's income for federal income and
California franchise tax purposes, the Keystone Group may still have alternative
minimum tax liability. Federal legislation enacted in 1993 retroactively
disallowed certain losses and bad debt deductions relating to assets acquired in
a federally assisted transaction. This legislation reduced Keystone Holdings'
federal net operating loss carryover by approximately $455 million. The federal
loss carryovers available to Keystone Holdings as of December 31, 1995, based on
tax returns as filed total approximately $3.9 billion; such net operating loss
carryovers are principally attributable to New West. The deductibility of these
loss carryovers will be significantly limited under Section 382 of the Code for
periods after the closing of the Keystone Transaction.
On October 24, 1995, when the New West Note was prepaid in full, New
West and ASB ceased to meet the nominee conditions. Accordingly, the tax
benefits generated by any future losses of New West may not offset ASB's taxable
income, although the benefit of utilizing existing significant tax loss
carryovers will continue.
The FRF Agreements are designed, in part, to provide that over time,
75% of most of the federal tax savings and 19.5% of most of the California tax
savings (in each case computed in accordance with specific provisions contained
in the FRF Agreements) attributable to the Keystone Group's utilization of any
current losses or tax loss carryovers of New West are paid by Keystone Holdings
to New West for the benefit of the FRF. The provision for such payments is
reflected in Keystone Holdings' financial statements as "Payments in Lieu of
Taxes." These payments have historically been funded primarily through an
intercompany tax sharing agreement between Keystone Holdings and its
subsidiaries. In connection with the negotiation of the Merger Agreement,
Keystone Holdings, certain of its subsidiaries and the FDIC entered into a tax
settlement agreement dated July 21, 1996 which clarifies the treatment under
these agreements of certain items relating to bad debts. See "MANAGEMENT AND
OPERATIONS OF WASHINGTON MUTUAL FOLLOWING THE KEYSTONE TRANSACTION -- Operations
After The Keystone Transaction."
THE WARRANTS
In connection with the 1988 Acquisition, the FSLIC received the
Warrants entitling the holder thereof to purchase, for a nominal price, shares
of Class B Common Stock of NACH Inc. that represent (after certain dividend
preferences) an interest of approximately 30% in NACH Inc. The FRF became the
holder of the Warrants as a result of the enactment of FIRREA. The Warrants will
be exchanged for shares of Common Stock in connection with the consummation of
the Keystone Transaction. See "THE KEYSTONE TRANSACTION."
REGULATION AND SUPERVISION
Keystone Holdings and ASB are subject to extensive supervision and
regulation by various federal regulators, including the OTS and the FDIC.
Keystone Holdings and ASB are regulated in the same manner as Washington Mutual
and its wholly-owned federally chartered savings bank, Washington Mutual Bank
fsb, respectively. For a discussion of such regulation and supervision, see
Washington Mutual's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31,
1995, which is incorporated herein by reference. See "PROXY STATEMENT/PROSPECTUS
- -- INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE" and "PROXY
STATEMENT/PROSPECTUS -- AVAILABLE INFORMATION."
F-39
<PAGE> 294
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF
OPERATIONS OF KEYSTONE HOLDINGS
The following discussion of the financial condition and results of
operations of Keystone Holdings should be read in conjunction with the
Consolidated Financial Statements of Keystone Holdings, Inc. and Subsidiaries
and the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of Keystone Holdings, Inc.
and Subsidiaries, including the notes thereto, appearing elsewhere in this Proxy
Statement.
Keystone Holdings is an indirect holding company for ASB. At June 30,
1996, substantially all of Keystone Holdings' consolidated assets consist of the
consolidated assets of ASB; 97.8 percent of Keystone Holdings' consolidated
liabilities consisted of ASB's consolidated liabilities. Substantially all of
Keystone Holdings' remaining consolidated liabilities consisted of indebtedness
issued by New Capital. Thus, substantially all of the earnings of Keystone
Holdings consist of its equity in the earnings of ASB, less the interest costs
on the principal amount of New Capital debt. Keystone Holdings' equity in the
earnings of ASB is further reduced by the minority interest represented by the
Warrants held by the FRF, as well as by $80.0 million of outstanding preferred
stock issued by New Capital. Keystone Holdings reported earnings before taxes of
$102.2 million and $34.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 1996 and
1995, respectively. Net earnings were $53.6 million and $25.5 million for the
same periods. ASB reported consolidated net earnings of $93.6 million and $62.5
million for the six months ended June 30, 1996 and 1995, respectively. See
"KEYSTONE HOLDINGS STRUCTURE -- General."
On September 30, 1996, President Clinton signed legislation intended to
recapitalize the Savings Association Insurance Fund ("SAIF") and to reduce the
gap between SAIF premiums and the Bank Insurance Fund ("BIF") premiums, among
other things. The legislation provides for a special one-time assessment on
SAIF-insured deposits that were held as of March 31, 1995, including certain
deposits acquired after that date. The assessment will bring the SAIF's reserve
ratio to the legally required level of $1.25 for every $100 in insured deposits.
Beginning in January 1997, deposits insured through the SAIF at most
institutions probably will be subject to regular FDIC assessments amounting to
6.4 cents per $100 per year, while deposits insured through the BIF at most
institutions probably will be subject to regular FDIC assessments amount to 1.3
cents per $100 per year.
Keystone Holdings' special assessment will result in an estimated
pretax charge of about $88.1 million. Even though the one-time charge, to be
taken in the quarter ended September 30, 1996, will have a severe negative
impact on the results of operations for that quarter, management believes the
legislation to be in the best interests of Keystone Holdings. Based on current
levels of deposits, Keystone Holdings estimates that the reduction in the
regular assessment on its SAIF deposits beginning in 1997 should result in
annual pretax savings of approximately $21.2 million. Neither the one-time
charge, nor the annual savings thereafter should have a material impact on
Keystone Holdings' financial position, capital level or liquidity.
F-40
<PAGE> 295
SUMMARY FINANCIAL INFORMATION FOR KEYSTONE HOLDINGS
For the Six-Month
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Period Ended June 30, For the Year Ended December 31,
-------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------
1996 1995 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991
----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
Operating Data: (in thousands)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Total interest income .............. $ 706,720 $ 636,301 $ 1,337,126 $ 1,036,863 $ 1,117,269 $ 1,357,076 $ 1,629,827
Total interest expense ............. 469,096 470,602 962,712 683,487 691,146 845,613 1,125,609
----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
Net interest income ................ 237,624 165,699 374,414 353,376 426,123 511,463 504,218
Provision for credit losses ........ 35,180 34,533 63,837 101,609 123,503 143,650 63,400
----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
Net interest income after provision
for credit losses ................ 202,444 131,166 310,577 251,767 302,620 367,813 440,818
Other income ....................... 42,120 48,224 90,465 102,292 94,001 76,617 75,724
General and administrative expenses (134,870) (136,130) (264,827) (266,827) (279,694) (298,599) (312,218)
Net expense of foreclosed properties (7,496) (8,467) (18,032) (13,390) (12,951) (10,065) (1,235)
----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
Earnings before taxes .............. 102,198 34,793 118,183 73,842 103,976 135,766 203,089
Federal and state income taxes and
payments in lieu of taxes ........ 27,685 (5,439) 12,289 897 11,245 31,983 85,221
----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
Earnings from operations ........... 74,513 40,232 105,894 72,945 92,731 103,783 117,868
Cumulative effect of change in
accounting principle ............. -- -- -- -- -- 60,045 --
Minority interest in earnings of
consolidated subsidiaries ........ 20,896 14,708 21,092 22,621 10,474 883 874
----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
Net earnings ....................... $ 53,617 $ 25,524 $ 84,802 $ 50,324 $ 82,257 $ 162,945 $ 116,994
=========== =========== =========== =========== =========== =========== ===========
Common dividends declared .......... $ 60,000 $ 5,500 $ 5,587 $ 22,500 $ 18,000 $ 97,300 $ 49,000
</TABLE>
FINANCIAL CONDITION
At June 30, 1996, December 31, 1995 and December 31, 1994, Keystone
Holdings' total consolidated assets were $20.5 billion, $19.7 billion and $18.4
billion, respectively. Consolidated stockholder's equity was $550.4 million at
June 30, 1996, representing a $118.2 million or 17.7 percent decrease from the
balance at December 31, 1995. The decrease from December 31, 1995 to June 30,
1996 was largely attributable to the change in unrealized holding gains (losses)
on available-for-sale securities of $111.8 million, which have been recorded at
fair value in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No.
115, "Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities" ("SFAS
115"). Total dividends declared on common stock during the six months ended June
30, 1996 were $60.0 million. Stockholder's equity at December 31, 1995 increased
$134.4 million or 25.2 percent from the balance at December 31, 1994. The
increase from December 31, 1994 to December 31, 1995 was primarily due to a
change in unrealized holding gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities of
$139.5 million, which were recorded at fair value in accordance with SFAS 115.
See "KEYSTONE HOLDINGS STRUCTURE -- General."
The components of the $118.2 million decrease in stockholder's equity
for the six months ended June 30, 1996 are shown in the following table:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Amount
---------------------------
(dollars in millions)
<S> <C>
Net earnings................................................ $ 53.6
Common stock dividends...................................... (60.0)
Unrealized loss on available-for-sale securities............ (111.8)
-----
Decrease in stockholder's equity.......................... $ (118.2)
======
</TABLE>
Total net receivables and mortgage-backed securities increased to $19.2
billion at June 30, 1996 from $18.1 billion at December 31, 1995 and $15.7
billion at December 31, 1994. The balance of foreclosed properties, net declined
to $84.0 million at June 30, 1996 from $100.0 million at December 31, 1995 and
$118.6 million at December 31, 1994.
F-41
<PAGE> 296
Total deposits were $12.7 billion, $13.0 billion and $12.8 billion at
June 30, 1996, December 31, 1995 and December 31, 1994, respectively. In
addition to deposits, Keystone Holdings utilizes several other funding sources,
including reverse repurchase agreements, brokered deposits and FHLB advances.
At June 30, 1996, December 31, 1995 and December 31, 1994, the
outstanding balance of receivables sold or securitized with recourse ("recourse
obligations") was $4.6 billion, $4.8 billion and $1.2 billion, respectively.
Keystone Holdings has provided for probable and estimated losses on these
receivables through charges to earnings.
ORIGINATIONS
The following table presents real estate receivables originated and
acquired for the periods indicated:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Six-Month Period Ended June 30,
-----------------------------------------------------------
1996 1995
---------------------------- ---------------------------
Percentage of Percentage of
Amount Total Amount Total
----------- ------------- ---------- -------------
(dollars in thousands)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Single-Family:
Monthly ARMs ................. $1,303,018 45.66% $1,644,639 77.90%
Other ARMs ................... 26,043 0.91 146,241 6.93
Fixed ........................ 634,233 22.23 151,758 7.19
Fixed five year-one month ARMs 729,386 25.56 23,659 1.12
---------- ------ ---------- ------
2,692,680 94.36 1,966,297 93.14
Multi-family:
Monthly ARMs ................. 137,082 4.80 128,784 6.10
Fixed ........................ 6,498 0.23 5,603 0.27
Fixed five year-one month ARMs 5,323 0.19 710 0.03
---------- ------ ---------- ------
148,903 5.22 135,097 6.40
Equity loans .................... 4,445 0.16 4,565 0.22
Commercial ...................... 7,558 0.26 5,049 0.24
---------- ------ ---------- ------
Total receivables originated
and acquired ............. $2,853,586 100.00% $2,111,008 100.00%
========== ====== ========== ======
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended December 31,
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1995 1994 1993
------------------------ -------------------------- -----------------------
Percentage Percentage Percentage
Amount of Total Amount of Total Amount of Total
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
(dollars in thousands)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Single-family:
Monthly ARMs ..................... $2,606,592 54.66% $3,801,693 79.03% $2,223,679 57.37%
Other ARMs ....................... 185,940 3.90 176,902 3.68 56,457 1.46
Fixed ............................ 782,032 16.40 231,332 4.81 925,852 23.89
Fixed five year-one month ARMs ... 906,545 19.00 9,739 0.20 39,360 1.02
---------- ------ ---------- ------ ---------- ------
4,481,109 93.96 4,219,666 87.72 3,245,348 83.74
Multi-Family:
Monthly ARMs ..................... 245,698 5.15 516,800 10.74 565,587 14.59
Fixed ............................ 6,103 0.13 7,561 0.16 975 0.03
Fixed five year-one month ARMs ... 6,306 0.13 9,787 0.20 46,113 1.19
---------- ------ ---------- ------ ---------- ------
258,107 5.41 534,148 11.10 612,675 15.81
Equity loans ........................ 9,515 0.20 7,291 0.15 2,158 0.05
Commercial .......................... 20,388 0.43 49,314 1.03 15,549 0.40
---------- ------ ---------- ------ ---------- ------
Total receivables originated and
acquired ..................... $4,769,119 100.00% $4,810,419 100.00% $3,875,730 100.00%
========== ====== ========== ====== ========== ======
</TABLE>
Interest rates offered on fixed-rate receivables declined during the
six months ended June 30, 1996 compared to the same period in 1995. As a result,
the origination volume of fixed-rate products increased while the volume of
adjustable-rate products decreased during the first six months of 1996 when
compared to the same period in 1995. In addition, the origination volume of
fixed-rate products increased while the volume of adjustable-
F-42
<PAGE> 297
rate products stabilized during 1995 when compared to 1994 due to the
significant increase in short-term interest rates in the later part of 1994 and
early 1995. Originations of single-family loans where the loan rate is fixed for
five years and then converts to a monthly adjustable-rate loan increased during
1995 and the first half of 1996 when compared to 1994 and 1993 as pricing for
this product became more competitive. However, in 1996 the pricing for this
product has been changed to make it less attractive to customers.
The percentage of multi-family receivables originated to total
receivables originated and acquired declined to 5.2 percent from 6.4 percent for
the six months ended June 30, 1996 and 1995, respectively, and declined to 5.4
percent for the year ended December 31, 1995 from 11.1 percent and 15.8 percent
for the years ended December 31, 1994 and 1993, respectively. Keystone Holdings'
primary focus continues to be single-family lending, representing 94.4 percent
of total 1996 originations.
The following table summarizes Keystone Holdings' refinancing volume as
a percentage of its total originated receivables (divided between refinancings
of loans originated by ASB and refinancings of loans originated by other lending
institutions) for the periods indicated:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Six-Month Period
Ended June 30, Year Ended December 31,
------------------ ------------------------------
1996 1995 1995 1994 1993
------ ------ ------ ------ -------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Refinance volume/originated receivables:
ASB .................................. 8.72% 3.42% 5.81% 7.97% 20.34%
Other lending institutions ........... 38.57 31.57 37.53 38.55 46.30
----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Total .............................. 47.29% 34.99% 43.34% 46.52% 66.64%
===== ===== ===== ===== =====
</TABLE>
Low interest rates during 1993 generated an unusually large increase in
refinancing volume. As a result of higher interest rates during the latter part
of 1994 and in 1995, the volume of refinancing declined. Management does not
expect that the extremely high levels of refinancings experienced during 1993
will occur in the future.
Keystone Holdings' receivables are originated through three primary
distribution channels: residential loan centers, income-property loan centers,
and a state-wide network of independent residential mortgage brokers. Both
residential and income-property loan centers are staffed with commissioned
employees of ASB. The following table displays the percentage distribution
between the channels as a percentage of total originations for the periods
indicated:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Six-Month Period
Ended June 30, Year Ended December 31,
------------------- --------------------------------
1996 1995 1995 1994 1993
------ ------ ------ ------ ------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Residential loan centers................................ 50.8% 51.7% 52.8% 56.8% 78.3%
Income-property loan centers............................ 5.6 6.7 5.9 12.3 16.3
Mortgage brokers........................................ 43.6 41.6 41.3 30.9 5.4
----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Total................................................. 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
===== ===== ===== ===== =====
</TABLE>
The mortgage broker channel is an important element of Keystone
Holdings' California residential lending strategy. Keystone Holdings has
strengthened its relationships with wholesale brokers by offering a competitive
product line that allows brokers to broaden their customer base. As a result,
originations through the wholesale channel increased significantly beginning in
1994. Loan production from the wholesale channel is subjected to the same
underwriting standards as loan production from loan centers.
CREDIT QUALITY
Provision for Losses and Allowance for Credit Losses. The provision for
losses is based upon Keystone Holdings management's estimate of the amount
necessary to maintain the allowance for credit losses at an adequate level.
Keystone Holdings determines the level of its allowance for credit losses by
assessing numerous factors, including the nature and value of the underlying
collateral, the loan's delinquency status, historical and projected loss
experience and the level and trends of non-performing assets (See "MANAGEMENT'S
DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS OF
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS -- Credit Quality -- Non-Performing Assets"), receivable
modifications and classified assets.
F-43
<PAGE> 298
The following table summarizes an allocation of the allowance for
credit losses by product type and the percentage of receivables and recourse
obligations in each category to total receivables and recourse obligations on
the dates indicated:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
June 30,
1996 1995 1994
------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------
Allowance % Allowance % Allowance %
----------- ----------- ------------ ----------- ----------- -----------
(dollars in thousands)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Single-family......... $ 43,883 62.93% $46,079 58.82% $ 54,768 69.65%
Multi-family and
commercial.......... 26,231 17.50 27,358 18.85 39,829 21.65
Recourse obligations.. 18,862 19.26 17,441 21.97 16,701 8.24
Consumer.............. 1,045 0.31 1,078 0.36 1,192 0.46
-------- ------ -------- ------ --------- ------
Total............... $ 90,021 100.00% $91,956 100.00% $112,490 100.00%
======== ====== ======= ====== ======== ======
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31,
1993 1992 1991
------------------------ ------------------------ -----------------------
Allowance % Allowance % Allowance %
------------ ----------- ----------- ------------ ------------ ----------
(dollars in thousands)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Single-family......... $ 73,087 60.13% $ 81,528 66.93% $49,989 66.93%
Multi-family and
commercial.......... 30,570 23.49 22,796 20.16 13,977 20.16
Recourse obligations.. 12,075 14.44 7,110 11.30 4,360 11.30
Consumer.............. 10,015 1.94 10,103 1.61 6,195 1.61
------- ------ ------ ------ ----- ------
Total............... $125,747 100.00% $121,537 100.00% $74,521 100.00%
======== ====== ======== ====== ======= ======
</TABLE>
The following table summarizes an allocation of the provision for
losses by product type for the periods indicated:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Six-Month Period Ended June 30, Year Ended December 31,
------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------
1996 1995 1995 1994
------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------
Percentage Percentage Percentage Percentage
Amount of Total Amount of Total Amount of Total Amount of Total
----------- ------------ ----------- ------------ ----------- ------------ ----------- ------------
(dollars in thousands)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Single-family......... $19,759 56.17% $25,670 74.34% $34,413 53.91% $ 48,074 47.31%
Multi-family and
commercial.......... 10,594 30.11 9,905 28.68 16,889 26.46 28,939 28.48
Consumer.............. 943 2.68 798 2.31 1,418 2.22 2,361 2.32
Earthquake (1)........ -- -- -- -- -- -- 12,500 12.31
Recourse obligations.. 3,884 11.04 (1,840) (5.33) 11,117 17.41 9,735 9.58
-------- ------ -------- ------- ------- ------ --------- -------
Total............. $35,180 100.00% $34,533 100.00% $63,837 100.00% $101,609 100.00%
======= ====== ======= ====== ======= ====== ======== ======
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended December 31,
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
1993 1992 1991 (2)
------------------------ ------------------------ ----------------------
Percentage Percentage Percentage
Amount of Total Amount of Total Amount of Total
----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ---------- ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Single-family......... $81,635 66.10% $119,669 83.30%
Multi-family and
commercial.......... 20,909 16.93 6,423 4.47
Consumer.............. 13,883 11.24 15,176 10.56
Earthquake (1)........ -- -- -- --
Recourse obligations.. 7,076 5.73 2,382 1.67
-------- ------- --------- -------
Total............. $123,503 100.00% $143,650 100.00% $63,400 100.00%
======== ====== ======== ====== ======= ======
</TABLE>
- ----------------
(1) The provision for losses for the year ended December 31, 1994 included
$12.5 million related to losses resulting from the Northridge,
California earthquake in January 1994.
(2) Detail not available for periods prior to 1992.
F-44
<PAGE> 299
The following summarizes the activity in the allowance for credit
losses for the periods indicated (dollars in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Six-Month Period
Ended June 30,
--------------------------
1996 1995
--------- ---------
<S> <C> <C>
Beginning Balance................... $91,956 $112,490
Provision for Credit Losses......... 35,180 34,533
Charge-Offs:
Single-Family..................... (26,420) (28,587)
Multi-Family...................... (10,364) (10,594)
Commercial........................ (2,276) (2,580)
Other............................. (926) (829)
-------- --------
(39,986) (42,590)
Earthquake.......................... (166) (2,157)
-------- --------
Total Charge-Offs................ (40,152) (44,747)
Recoveries:
Single-Family..................... 1,951 1,258
Multi-Family...................... 888 998
Commercial........................ 198 --
--------- -----------
Total Recoveries................. 3,037 2,256
-------- ---------
Ending Balance.................... $90,021 $104,532
======= ========
Net Charge-offs/Average
Receivables and Recourse
Obligations....................... 0.22% 0.30%
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Year Ended December 31,
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1995 1994 1993 1992 1991
---------------- --------------- ---------------- ---------------- ------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Beginning Balance................... $112,490 $125,747 $121,537 $ 74,521 $38,577
Provision for Credit Losses......... 63,837 101,609 123,503 143,650 63,400
Charge-Offs:
Single-Family..................... (55,933) (88,033) (92,187) (76,674) (13,695)
Multi-Family...................... (22,784) (17,374) (10,127) (3,144) (1,333)
Commercial........................ (5,362) (1,963) (3,008) (1,222) (983)
Other............................. (1,510) (5,084) (13,971) (15,594) (11,445)
--------- ---------- --------- -------- -------
(85,589) (112,454) (119,293) (96,634) (27,456)
Earthquake.......................... (3,743) (5,145) -- -- --
--------- --------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Total Charge-Offs................ (89,332) (117,599) (119,293) (96,634) (27,456)
Recoveries:
Single-Family..................... 2,222 2,505 -- -- --
Multi-Family...................... 1,563 220 -- -- --
Commercial........................ 1,176 8 -- -- --
-------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------
Total Recoveries................. 4,961 2,733 -- -- --
-------- --------- ----------- ----------- ----------
Ending Balance.................... $91,956 $112,490 $125,747 $121,537 $74,521
======= ======== ======== ======== =======
Net Charge-Offs/Average
Receivables and Recourse
Obligations....................... 0.52% 0.92% 1.02% 0.93% 0.29%
</TABLE>
The total provision for losses increased to $35.2 million during the
first six months of 1996 from $34.5 million for the same period in 1995. The
increase is primarily due to a $0.7 million increase in the provision for
multi-family and commercial loans and a $5.7 million increase in the provision
for recourse obligations, which were partially offset by a $5.9 million decrease
in the provision for single-family loans, during the six months ended June 30,
1996 as compared to the same period in 1995. The negative $1.8 million provision
for recourse obligations during the six months ended June 30, 1995 resulted from
a change in the methodology used to accrue for losses that management believes
resulted in a better estimate of probable losses under the recourse obligations.
F-45
<PAGE> 300
Single-family charge-offs declined to $26.4 million from $28.6 million
for the six months ended June 30, 1996 and 1995, respectively. Multi-family and
commercial charge-offs decreased slightly to $12.6 million from $13.2 million
for the six months ended June 30, 1996 and 1995, respectively. The decline in
charge-offs reflects an overall decline in delinquencies. Total receivable and
recourse obligation delinquencies declined to 1.36 percent of the total gross
receivable and recourse obligation portfolios at June 30, 1996 from 1.68 percent
at June 30, 1995.
The provision for losses declined to $63.8 million from $101.6 million
and $123.5 million for the years ended December 31, 1995, 1994 and 1993,
respectively. The decrease in the provision reflects a continuing decline in
receivable and recourse obligation delinquencies. Declines in single-family
delinquencies resulted in reduced single-family charge-offs and declines in the
overall allowance for credit losses related to the single-family portfolio.
Single-family charge-offs declined to $55.9 million from $88.0 million and $92.2
million for the years ended December 31, 1995, 1994 and 1993, respectively.
Multi-family and commercial charge-offs increased to $28.1 million from $19.3
million and $13.1 million for the years ending December 31, 1995, 1994 and 1993,
respectively. Although charge-offs increased in the multi-family and commercial
portfolio, total multi-family and commercial delinquencies as a percentage of
the total multi-family and commercial portfolio declined to 0.24 percent at
December 31, 1995 from 0.74 percent at December 31, 1994. In addition, the 1994
provision for losses included $12.5 million related to losses resulting from the
Northridge, California earthquake in January 1994.
During 1991, California's general economic indicators, including
employment, consumer confidence and real estate prices, began to deteriorate.
These trends continued through 1992 and 1993. In response to these trends,
Keystone Holdings increased its allowance for credit losses through the
provision for credit losses, and tightened underwriting standards. Keystone
Holdings provided $123.5 million for credit losses during the year ended
December 31, 1993, compared with $143.7 million provided in 1992 and $63.4
million provided during 1991. The decrease from 1992 to 1993 reflects an
improvement in delinquencies. Management believes that the stricter underwriting
standards initiated in the latter part of 1991 and 1992 contributed to the
overall decline in delinquencies during 1993, despite the recessionary
conditions that existed in California. The delinquency experience of Keystone
Holdings' 1993 and 1992 originations has been significantly less than those
originated prior to 1992. Management believes that the high rate of
delinquencies in prior years' originations can be attributed to a limited
documentation program offered by Keystone Holdings during 1989 and 1990 as well
as the general decline in housing prices that resulted in the deterioration of
many borrowers' equity.
Impaired Loans. In May 1993, the Financial Accounting Standards Board
(the "FASB") issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 114,
"Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan" ("SFAS 114"). SFAS 114
addresses the accounting by creditors for impairment of a loan by specifying how
allowances for credit losses related to impaired loans, as defined, should be
determined. In October 1994, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting
Standards No. 118, "Accounting for Creditors for Impairment of a Loan--Income
Recognition Disclosures" ("SFAS 118") as an amendment to SFAS 114. SFAS 118
eliminates the income recognition provisions included in SFAS 114 thereby
permitting the use of existing methods for recognizing interest income on
impaired loans. Keystone Holdings adopted the provisions of SFAS 114 and SFAS
118 effective January 1, 1995.
SFAS 114 does not apply to large groups of smaller balance homogenous
loans that are collectively evaluated for impairment. Management collectively
reviews all single-family loans, all consumer loans, and multi-family and
commercial loans with outstanding principal balances under $1.0 million for
impairment.
Management considers a loan to be impaired when, based upon current
information and events, it believes it is probable that Keystone Holdings will
be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the
loan agreement. Keystone Holdings' impaired loans disclosed under the
requirements of SFAS 114 include nonaccrual loans (excluding those collectively
reviewed for impairment), debt restructurings, and multi-family and commercial
loans less than 90 days delinquent in which management believes that the
borrower may be experiencing financial difficulty based on indicators such as
low debt coverage ratios or high loan-to-value ratios. Keystone Holdings bases
the measurement of loan impairment on the fair value of the loan's underlying
collateral in accordance with SFAS 114. The amount by which the recorded
investment of the loan exceeds the measure of the impaired loan's value is
included in the allowance for credit losses through a charge to the provision
for credit
F-46
<PAGE> 301
losses. At the time of in-substance foreclosure or troubled debt restructuring,
the shortfall, if any, between the recorded investment of a loan and the measure
of impairment is charged-off.
The recorded investment in loans considered to be impaired under SFAS
114 was $86.8 million and $69.4 million at June 30, 1996 and December 31, 1995,
respectively. Included in the amount at June 30, 1996 is $37.9 million of
impaired loans for which the related allowance for credit losses is $7.4 million
and $48.9 million of impaired loans that do not have an allowance for credit
losses. Included in the impaired loans amount at December 31, 1995 is $24.7
million of impaired loans for which the related allowance for credit losses is
$5.7 million and $44.7 million of impaired loans that do not have an allowance
for credit losses. The average recorded investment in impaired loans at June 30,
1996 and December 31, 1995 was $77.7 million and $69.0 million for the six
months ended June 30, 1996 and for the year ended December 31, 1995,
respectively. Interest income of $2.1 million, $1.1 million and $4.7 million was
recognized on impaired loans during the period of impairment for the six months
ended June 30, 1996, 1995 and for the year ended December 31, 1995,
respectively.
The aggregate investment in troubled debt restructurings ("TDRs")
modified prior to January 1, 1995 that were not impaired based on the terms
specified by the TDR agreements with borrowers was $5.7 million at June 30, 1996
and $10.6 million, $22.6 million, $36.4 million, $7.9 million and $0.7 million
at December 31, 1995, 1994, 1993, 1992 and 1991, respectively. The foregone
interest on these restructured receivables did not have a significant impact on
Keystone Holdings' earnings for the six months ended June 30, 1996 or 1995 or
the years ended December 31, 1995, 1994, 1993, 1992 or 1991. Interest income on
TDRs was $0.2 million and $0.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 1996
and 1995, respectively, and $0.8 million and $1.8 million for the years ended
December 31, 1995 and 1994, respectively. At June 30, 1996 and December 31,
1995, Keystone Holdings had no commitments to lend additional funds to borrowers
whose loans were classified as TDRs.
Interest income is accrued and credited to income as it is earned.
Accrued interest on nonaccrual receivables (i.e., receivables that are 90 days
or more contractually delinquent) is not recognized as income. Interest income
is subsequently recognized on nonaccrual receivables only to the extent that
payments are received. Payments received on nonaccrual receivables are recorded
as a reduction of principal or as interest income depending on management's
assessment of the ultimate collectibility of the loan principal. Nonaccrual
loans at June 30, 1996 and at December 31, 1995, 1994, 1993, 1992 and 1991 had
interest due but not recognized of approximately $6.9 million, $7.1 million,
$8.8 million, $12.7 million, $16.6 million and $14.7 million, respectively.
Non-Performing Assets. Non-performing assets consisted of the following
at the dates indicated (dollars in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31,
June 30, ------------------------------------------------------------
1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991
-------- -------- -------- -------- -------- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Nonaccrual receivables (1).................. $135,968 $144,095 $219,266 $259,002 $283,452 $245,453
Foreclosed properties (2)................... 84,036 100,037 118,645 150,868 144,535 49,500
-------- -------- -------- -------- -------- --------
Total non-performing assets............... $220,004 $244,132 $337,911 $409,870 $427,987 $294,953
======== ======== ======== ======== ======== ========
Percentage of total assets.................. 1.07% 1.24% 1.84% 2.38% 2.48% 1.73%
</TABLE>
- ------------------
(1) Nonaccrual receivables include recourse obligations
(2) Net of allowance for losses on foreclosed properties.
Nonaccrual receivables declined to $136.0 million at June 30, 1996 from
$144.1 at December 31, 1995 and $219.3 million at December 31, 1994. Net
foreclosed properties decreased to $84.0 million at June 30, 1996 from $100.0
million at December 31, 1995 and $118.6 million at December 31, 1994. Total
non-performing assets declined to $220.0 million at June 30, 1996 from $244.1
million and $337.9 million at December 31, 1995 and 1994, respectively.
F-47
<PAGE> 302
The following table presents certain portfolio information by selected
regions in California and all other states as of June 30, 1996:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
June 30, 1996
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Non-Performing Assets
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Gross Receivables Nonaccrual
and Recourse Receivables and Foreclosed
Obligations Recourse Obligations Properties, Net Total
---------------------- --------------------- ---------------------- --------------------
(dollars in thousands)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Los Angeles County......... $5,355,751 30.52% $66,829 49.15% $35,088 41.75% $101,917 46.32%
San Francisco Bay area..... 5,415,568 30.86 20,923 15.39 14,496 17.25 35,419 16.10
Orange County.............. 1,877,261 10.70 15,626 11.49 7,201 8.57 22,827 10.38
Other California counties.. 4,775,948 27.21 31,873 23.44 27,176 32.34 59,049 26.84
Other states............... 104,291 0.59 717 0.53 75 0.09 792 0.36
Non-mortgage receivables... 20,206 0.12 -- -- -- -- -- --
----------- ------- -------- ------- -------- -------- --------- -------
Total.................... $17,549,025 100.00% $135,968 100.00% $84,036 100.00% $220,004 100.00%
=========== ====== ======== ====== ======= ====== ======== ======
</TABLE>
Foreclosed Properties. The following table summarizes activity in the
foreclosed property portfolio for the periods indicated:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Six-Months Ended Year Ended
June 30, December 31,
------------------------------ -------------------------------------------
1996 1995 1995 1994 1993
-------------- -------------- -------------- -------------- ------------
(dollars in thousands)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Beginning balance.................... $100,037 $118,645 $118,645 $150,868 $144,535
Acquisition cost..................... 87,479 103,676 185,250 230,605 228,654
Allowances........................... (3,237) (5,066) (10,523) (15,391) (19,589)
Sales................................ (100,243) (97,091) (193,335) (247,437) (202,732)
-------- ------- -------- -------- ---------
Ending net balance................... $84,036 $120,164 $100,037 $118,645 $150,868
======= ======== ======== ======== ========
</TABLE>
Foreclosed properties are recorded at fair value, less estimated costs
to sell, as determined by independent appraisals. The following table summarizes
the number of properties in the foreclosed property portfolio for the periods
indicated:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Six-Months Year Ended
Ended June 30, December 31,
------------------------------ -------------------------------------------
1996 1995 1995 1994 1993
-------------- -------------- -------------- -------------- ------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Beginning amount 581 628 628 772 556
Foreclosures . 523 527 972 1,124 1,084
Sales ........ (511) (480) (1,019) (1,268) (868)
------ ------ ------ ------ ------
Ending amount .. 593 675 581 628 772
====== ====== ====== ====== ======
</TABLE>
Typically, foreclosed properties are sold by Keystone Holdings within
six to eight months subsequent to foreclosure. The timely disposal of foreclosed
properties continues to be a priority of management.
DEPOSITS AND OTHER BORROWINGS
Total deposits were $12.7 billion, $13.0 billion and $12.8 billion at
June 30, 1996, December 31, 1995 and December 31, 1994, respectively. Management
anticipates maintaining its current deposit market share among the institutions
that are members of the FHLB of San Francisco.
On February 8, 1996, ASB completed the private placement of $100.0
million of Subordinated Notes (the "Notes"). The Notes bear an interest rate of
6.625 percent per annum. Interest on the Notes is payable semi-annually in
arrears on each February 15 and August 15, beginning on August 15, 1996.
The Notes mature on February 15, 2006. However, the Notes are
redeemable in whole, or in part, at the option of ASB at any time prior to that
date. The redemption price is equal to the greater of (i) 100 percent of the
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<PAGE> 303
principal amount and (ii) the sum of the present values of the remaining
scheduled payments of principal and interest discounted to the date of
redemption on a semiannual basis at a yield comparable to that on a treasury
security with a term equal to the then remaining term of the Notes, plus 15
basis points, plus in each case accrued interest to the date of redemption.
The payment of the principal and interest on the Notes is subordinated
to the prior payment in full of all Senior Indebtedness. Senior Indebtedness, in
general, includes the principal and interest on (a) all claims against ASB
having the same priority as savings account holders of ASB or any higher
priority, (b) all indebtedness of ASB, other than the Notes, which is given in
connection with the acquisition of any businesses, properties or assets of any
kind and (c) obligations of ASB as lessee under capitalized leases. At June 30,
1996, Senior Indebtedness totaled approximately $18.8 billion, including $12.7
billion in deposits.
The proceeds of the Notes were used to pay general corporate expenses,
to repay certain borrowings and to fund loan originations. The Notes qualify to
be included in regulatory capital.
The Notes do not restrict ASB from paying dividends or from incurring,
assuming or becoming liable for any type of debt or other obligation. In
addition, the Notes do not require ASB to maintain any financial ratios or
certain levels of regulatory capital or liquidity.
Keystone Holdings utilizes several other funding sources including
reverse repurchase agreements, brokered deposits and FHLB advances. FHLB
advances increased to $2.0 billion at June 30, 1996 from $1.0 billion and $391.4
million at December 31, 1995 and 1994, respectively. New Capital, a wholly-owned
subsidiary of Keystone Holdings, has issued debt securities with outstanding
principal balances totalling $364.5 million at June 30, 1996. New Capital's
$175.0 million Series C Floating Rate Notes due April 12, 2000 ("Series C
Notes") bear interest at the three-month London Interbank Offering Rate
("LIBOR") plus 1.375%, while its $20.5 million floating rate subordinated notes
due in 1998 ("Subordinated Notes") bear interest at three-month LIBOR plus
2.875%. The Series C Notes and Subordinated Notes reprice and require interest
payments quarterly. New Capital's $169.0 million Series B Notes due 1999
("Series B Notes") bear interest at a fixed rate of 9.60 percent until maturity.
Interest payments on the Series B Notes are made semi-annually.
In June 1996, ASB was approved to participate in the FHLB's Guaranteed
Spread Program (the "GSP Program"). Under the GSP Program, ASB was approved for
a credit amount of up to $0.9 billion after paying a fee to the FHLB of San
Francisco and pledging certain qualifying mortgages as collateral. Interest on
advances is determined using LIBOR minus a fixed spread. Included in FHLB
advances at June 30, 1996 are $0.9 billion related to the GSP Program.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Net Earnings. Keystone Holdings reported earnings before taxes of
$102.2 million and $34.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 1996 and
1995, respectively. Net earnings were $53.6 million and $25.5 million for the
same periods.
Keystone Holdings reported earnings before taxes of $118.2 million,
$73.8 million and $104.0 million for the years ended December 31, 1995, 1994 and
1993, respectively. Net earnings were $84.8 million, $50.3 million and $82.3
million for the same periods.
Net Interest Income. Net interest income increased to $237.6 million
for the six months ended June 30, 1996 from $165.7 million for the same period
in 1995. The increase in net interest income resulted from an increase of 66
basis points in the interest rate spread to 2.40 percent from 1.74 percent for
the six month periods ended June 30, 1996 and 1995, respectively. In addition,
net interest income for the six months ended June 30, 1996 was positively
affected by COFI lag when compared to the same period in 1995. A majority of
ASB's interest-earning assets reprice at a spread above COFI. There is an
inherent timing difference between the repricing of assets and liabilities that
could impact the interest rate spread if there are significant fluctuations in
the interest rate environment. This timing difference, or lag, is a result of
delays in the publication of COFI and the repricing
F-49
<PAGE> 304
terms of related assets. The impact of this timing difference will be favorable
during a period of declining interest rates and unfavorable in a rising interest
rate environment. Although the impact of this lag tends to balance out over the
life of a loan, it can produce short-term volatility in an institution's net
interest income during periods of interest rate movement. The COFI lag resulted
in a favorable impact to net interest income of approximately $11.6 million for
the six months ended June 30, 1996 compared with an unfavorable impact to net
interest income of $38.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 1995.
Net interest income increased to $374.4 million for the year ended
December 31, 1995 from $353.4 million for the year ended December 31, 1994. The
interest rate spread was 1.95 percent and 2.04 percent for the years ended
December 31, 1995 and 1994, respectively. COFI lag resulted in an unfavorable
impact to net interest income of approximately $38.8 million and $23.8 million
in 1995 and 1994, respectively.
Keystone Holdings' net interest income decreased to $353.4 million for
the year ended December 31, 1994 compared to $426.1 million for the year ended
December 31, 1993. The decrease in net interest income resulted from a decrease
of 43 basis points in the interest rate spread to 2.04 percent from 2.47 percent
for the years ended December 31, 1994 and 1993, respectively. In addition, net
interest income in 1994 when compared to 1993 was negatively impacted by COFI
lag. The COFI lag resulted in an unfavorable impact to net interest income of
$23.8 million in 1994 contrasted with a favorable impact to net interest income
of $32.7 million in 1993.
F-50
<PAGE> 305
The following tables summarize average yields earned and rates paid for
the periods indicated and the resulting volume and rate variances:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Average Yields Earned and Rates Paid
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Six Months Ended June 30,
-----------------------------------------------------------------
1996 1995
--------------------------------------------------- ---------
Average Average
Balance(1) Interest Yield/Rate Balance(1)
------------ -------- ---------- ---------
(dollars in thousands)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Interest-earning assets:
Receivables(2)............................. $ 11,890,990 $445,479 7.49% $13,109,784
Mortgage-backed securities................. 6,500,155 242,465 7.46 3,332,138
Consumer loans............................. 41,718 2,918 13.99 44,923
New West Note.............................. -- -- -- 1,348,383
Investment securities...................... 355,209 11,319 6.37 446,118
FHLB stock................................. 175,227 4,539 5.18 145,979
------------ -------- ----- -----------
Total interest-earning assets............ $ 18,963,299 $706,720 7.45% $18,427,325
============ ======== ===== ===========
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Deposits................................... $ 12,800,352 $298,357 4.66% $13,287,497
FHLB advances.............................. 739,654 21,252 5.75 410,700
Other borrowings........................... 5,053,253 149,487 5.92 4,492,032
------------ -------- ----- -----------
Total interest-bearing liabilities....... $ 18,593,259 $469,096 5.05% $18,190,229
============ ======== ===== ===========
Excess of average interest-earning assets
over average interest-bearing liabilities.. $ 370,040 $ 237,096
Net interest income.......................... $237,624
Interest rate spread......................... 2.40%
Net interest margin.......................... 2.51%
Change in net interest income................
<CAPTION>
Rate Volume Analysis
------------------------------------------
Six Months Ended
------------------------------------------
June 30, 1996 Versus 1995
Favorable (Unfavorable) Change
1995 Due to Changes in:
----------------------- ------------------------------------------
Interest Yield/Rate Volume Rate Total
-------- ---------- --------- -------- ---------
(dollars in thousands)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Interest-earning assets:
Receivables(2)............................. $460,003 7.02% $ (74,358) $ 59,834 $ (14,524)
Mortgage-backed securities................. 112,497 6.75 104,147 25,821 129,968
Consumer loans............................. 3,091 13.76 (274) 101 (173)
New West Note.............................. 43,699 6.48 -- (43,699) (43,699)
Investment securities...................... 13,813 6.19 (3,279) 785 (2,494)
FHLB stock................................. 3,198 4.38 63 1,278 1,341
-------- ----- --------- -------- ---------
Total interest-earning assets............ $636,301 6.91% $ 26,299 $ 44,120 $ 70,419
======== ===== ========= ======== =========
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Deposits................................... $308,414 4.64% $ 12,642 $ (2,585) $ 10,057
FHLB advances.............................. 13,120 6.39 (11,007) 2,875 (8,132)
Other borrowings........................... 149,068 6.64 (34,666) 34,247 (419)
-------- ----- --------- -------- ---------
Total interest-bearing liabilities....... $470,602 5.17% $ (33,031) $ 34,537 $ 1,506
======== ===== ========= ======== =========
Excess of average interest-earning assets
over average interest-bearing liabilities
Net interest income.......................... $165,699
Interest rate spread......................... 1.74%
Net interest margin.......................... 1.80%
Change in net interest income................ $ (6,732) $ 78,657 $ 71,925
</TABLE>
- -------------------
(1) Average balances are calculated on a daily basis.
(2) Nonaccruing loans are included in the daily average receivables
outstanding.
F-51
<PAGE> 306
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Average Yields Earned and Rates Paid
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Ended December 31,
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1995 1994
----------------------------------------------- -----------------------------
Average Yield/ Average
Balance(1) Interest Rate Balance(1) Interest
--------- ---------- ------ ----------- ----------
(dollars in thousands)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Interest-earning assets:
Receivables(2) ...................... $14,084,471 $ 961,002 6.82% $10,671,463 $ 697,086
Mortgage-backed securities .......... 2,842,714 272,320 9.58 2,988,864 167,073
Consumer loans ...................... 44,773 6,261 13.98 79,603 11,955
New West Note ....................... 890,800 58,841 6.61 2,513,753 141,039
Investment securities ............... 487,341 31,006 6.36 298,726 13,603
FHLB stock .......................... 152,209 7,696 5.06 118,558 6,107
----------- ---------- ----- ----------- ----------
Total interest-earning assets ..... $18,502,308 $1,337,126 7.23% $16,670,967 $1,036,863
=========== ========== ===== =========== ==========
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Deposits ............................ $13,249,964 $ 636,315 4.80% $13,053,566 $ 481,794
FHLB advances ....................... 492,611 30,858 6.26 1,044,018 69,096
Other borrowings .................... 4,483,800 295,539 6.59 2,260,826 132,597
----------- ---------- ----- ----------- ----------
Total interest-bearing liabilities $18,226,375 $ 962,712 5.28% $16,358,410 $ 683,487
=========== ========== ===== =========== ==========
Excess of average interest-earning
assets over average interest-bearing
liabilities ......................... $ 275,933 $ 312,557
Net interest income ................... $ 374,414 $ 353,376
Interest rate spread................... 1.95%
Net interest margin.................... 2.02%
Change in net interest income .........
Rate Volume Analysis
-------------------------------------------
Year Ended December 31,
1995 Versus 1994
Favorable (Unfavorable) Change
1994 Due to Changes in:
------- ------------------------------------------
Yield/
Rate Volume Rate Total
----- --------- --------- ---------
(dollars in thousands)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Interest-earning assets:
Receivables(2) ...................... 6.53% $ 231,661 $ 32,255 $ 263,916
Mortgage-backed securities .......... 5.59 (8,543) 113,790 105,247
Consumer loans ...................... 15.02 (4,920) (774) (5,694)
New West Note ....................... 5.61 (103,725) 21,527 (82,198)
Investment securities ............... 4.55 10,683 6,720 17,403
FHLB stock .......................... 5.15 1,703 (114) 1,589
---------- --------- --------- ---------
Total interest-earning assets ..... 6.22% $ 126,859 $ 173,404 $ 300,263
========== ========= ========= =========
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Deposits ............................ 3.69% $ (7,353) $(147,168) $(154,521)
FHLB advances ....................... 6.62 34,721 3,517 38,238
Other borrowings .................... 5.86 (144,716) (18,226) (162,942)
---------- --------- --------- ---------
Total interest-bearing liabilities 4.18% $(117,348) $(161,877) $(279,225)
========== ========= ========= =========
Excess of average interest-earning
assets over average interest-bearing
liabilities .........................
Net interest income ...................
Interest rate spread................... 2.04%
Net interest margin.................... 2.12%
Change in net interest income ......... $ 9,511 $ 11,527 $ 21,038
</TABLE>
- ----------------
(1) Average balances are calculated on a daily basis.
(2) Nonaccruing loans are included in the daily average receivables
outstanding.
F-52
<PAGE> 307
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Average Yields Earned and Rates Paid
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Ended December 31,
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1994 1993
--------------------------------------------- --------------------------------
Average Yield/ Average
Balance(1) Interest Rate Balance(1) Interest
--------- -------------- ----------- --------- --------
(dollars in thousands)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Interest-earning assets:
Receivables(2) ...................... $ 10,671,463 $ 697,086 6.53% $10,101,371 $ 725,687
Mortgage-backed securities .......... 2,988,864 167,073 5.59 1,860,407 106,764
Consumer loans ...................... 79,603 11,955 15.02 208,614 30,919
New West Note ....................... 2,513,753 141,039 5.61 4,061,221 241,014
Investment securities ............... 298,726 13,603 4.55 273,148 9,315
FHLB stock .......................... 118,558 6,107 5.15 103,136 3,570
------------ ----------- ----- ----------- ----------
Total interest-earning assets ..... $ 16,670,967 $ 1,036,863 6.22% $16,607,897 $1,117,269
============ =========== ===== =========== ==========
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Deposits ............................ $ 13,053,566 $ 481,794 3.69% $13,718,142 $ 513,435
FHLB advances ....................... 1,044,018 69,096 6.62 1,578,904 128,741
Other borrowings .................... 2,260,826 132,597 5.86 935,282 48,970
------------ ----------- ----- ----------- ----------
Total interest-bearing liabilities $ 16,358,410 $ 683,487 4.18% $16,232,328 $ 691,146
============ =========== ===== =========== ==========
Excess of average interest-earning
assets over average interest-bearing
liabilities ......................... $ 312,557 $ 375,569
Net interest income ................... $ 353,376 $ 426,123
Interest rate spread................... 2.04%
Net interest margin.................... 2.12%
Change in net interest income .........
<CAPTION>
Rate Volume Analysis
--------------------------------------
Year Ended December 31,
1994 Versus 1993
Favorable (Unfavorable) Change
1993 Due to Changes in:
----- --------------------------------------
Yield/
Rate Volume Rate Total
------ ------ ---- -----
(dollars in thousands)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Interest-earning assets:
Receivables(2) ...................... 7.18% $ 39,531 $(68,132) $(28,601)
Mortgage-backed securities .......... 5.74 63,148 (2,839) 60,309
Consumer loans ...................... 14.82 (19,370) 406 (18,964)
New West Note ....................... 5.93 (87,451) (12,524) (99,975)
Investment securities ............... 3.41 936 3,352 4,288
FHLB stock .......................... 3.46 595 1,942 2,537
----- -------- -------- --------
Total interest-earning assets ..... 6.73% $ (2,611) $(77,795) $(80,406)
===== ======== ======== ========
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Deposits ............................ 3.74% $ 24,605 $ 7,036 $ 31,641
FHLB advances ....................... 8.15 38,335 21,310 59,645
Other borrowings .................... 5.24 (77,091) (6,536) (83,627)
----- -------- -------- --------
Total interest-bearing liabilities 4.26% $(14,151) $ 21,810 $ 7,659
===== ======== ======== ========
Excess of average interest-earning
assets over average interest-bearing
liabilities .........................
Net interest income ...................
Interest rate spread................... 2.47%
Net interest margin.................... 2.57%
Change in net interest income ......... $(16,762) $(55,985) $(72,747)
</TABLE>
- ----------------
(1) Average balances are calculated on a daily basis.
(2) Nonaccruing loans are included in the daily average receivables
outstanding.
F-53
<PAGE> 308
Other Income and Expense. Other income and expense consisted of the
following items for the periods indicated:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Six Month Ended
June 30, Year Ended December 31,
------------------------ ----------------------------------------
1996 1995 1995 1994 1993
-------- -------- -------- -------- --------
(in thousands)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Gain (loss) on sale of receivables, net $ 2,965 $ 777 $ 34 $ (2,295) $ 9,776
Gain on disposition of credit card
receivables, net ..................... -- -- -- 24,981 --
Gain on sale of mortgage servicing
rights ............................... -- -- -- 20,396 --
Savings, commission and receivable fee
income ............................... 29,549 21,763 50,227 44,913 49,622
Gain (loss) on asset sales, net ........ (324) 890 2,534 207 23,994
Net expense of foreclosed properties ... (7,496) (8,467) (18,032) (13,390) (12,951)
Net servicing income ................... 9,391 8,275 18,696 14,038 7,229
Loss on sale of covered assets ......... -- (667) (37,399) -- --
Effect of FDIC assistance on covered
assets ............................... -- 16,741 55,630 -- --
Other, net ............................. 539 445 743 52 3,380
-------- -------- -------- -------- --------
Total ................................ $ 34,624 $ 39,757 $ 72,433 $ 88,902 $ 81,050
======== ======== ======== ======== ========
</TABLE>
Other income and expense for the six months ended June 30, 1996 was
$34.6 million compared to $39.8 million for the same period in 1995. Included in
the previous period's amount is a $16.7 million gain of FDIC assistance. This
assistance related to the sale of certain single-family loans serviced by other
institutions that had an outstanding principal balance of $200.5 million at the
time of sale. These loans (covered assets) were acquired by ASB in the 1988
Acquisition and, as a part of the terms of the 1988 Acquisition, the FRF was
contractually obligated to ASB to make up any deficiencies in the timely payment
of principal and interest on these covered assets. As a result of a
restructuring of certain FRF Agreements, direct payments by the FRF to ASB with
respect to such deficiencies were to be terminated by a mark-to-market process
to be conducted when the New West Note became fully repaid (or, if sooner, when
a covered asset subject to the assistance was sold) pursuant to an agreed upon
mark-to-market methodology. Thus, included in the $16.7 million assistance was
compensation from the FRF relating to the value implicit in the remaining
duration (at the time of the mark) of the original FRF guarantee. The decrease
in FDIC assistance was partially offset by an increase in savings fee,
commission, receivable fee and net servicing income assistance during the six
month period ended June 30, 1996 compared to the same period in 1995.
Other income and expense decreased to $72.4 million from $88.9 million
for the years ended December 31, 1995 and 1994, respectively, due to a $25.0
million decrease in gains on the sale of the credit card portfolio, a $20.4
million decline in gains on the sale of mortgage servicing rights, and a $37.4
million increase in loss on sale of covered assets, which were partially offset
by a $55.6 million increase in FDIC assistance.
Other income and expense increased to $88.9 million from $81.1 million
for the years ended December 31, 1994 and 1993, respectively. The decrease was
due to a $25.0 million gain on the 1994 sale of the credit card portfolio and a
$20.4 million gain on the sale of mortgage servicing rights related to the sale
of $1.9 billion of Keystone Holdings' servicing portfolio, which were partially
offset by $23.8 million and $12.1 million declines in gains on asset sales and
sales of receivables, respectively.
F-54
<PAGE> 309
As shown in the previous table, net gain (loss) on other asset sales
consisted of the following for the periods indicated:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Six Months
Ended June 30, Year Ended December 31,
----------------- -----------------------------
1996 1995 1995 1994 1993
---- ---- ---- ---- ----
(in thousands)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Mortgage-backed securities $(402) $580 $1,127 $ 33 $ 1,433
Asset management rights .. -- -- -- -- 23,000
Other .................... 78 310 1,407 174 (439)
----- ---- ------ ---- --------
Total .................. $(324) $890 $2,534 $207 $ 23,994
===== ==== ====== ==== ========
</TABLE>
In 1993, Keystone Holdings recognized a $23.0 million gain on the sale
of certain rights related to the management of New West assets.
In May 1995, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting
Standards No. 122, "Accounting for Mortgage Servicing Rights" ("SFAS 122"), an
amendment to Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 65, "Accounting for
Certain Mortgage Banking Activities" ("SFAS 65"). In September 1995, Keystone
Holdings adopted early application of SFAS 122. SFAS 122 requires an institution
that purchases or originates mortgage loans and subsequently sells or securities
those loans with servicing rights retained to allocate the total cost of the
mortgage loans to the mortgage servicing rights and the loans (without the
mortgage servicing rights) based on their relative fair values. Institutions are
required to assess impairment of the capitalized mortgage servicing portfolio
based on the fair value of those rights on a stratum-by-stratum basis with any
impairment recognized through a valuation allowance for each impaired stratum.
Capitalized mortgage servicing rights should be stratified based upon one or
more of the predominant risk characteristics of the underlying loans such as
loan type, size, note rate, date of origination, term and/or geographic
location.
Keystone Holdings elected to retroactively implement SFAS 122 as of
January 1, 1995. Keystone Holdings capitalized $4.4 million and $7.8 million in
originated loan servicing rights during the first six months of 1996 and the
year ended December 31, 1995, respectively, that resulted from the origination
and sale of receivables with servicing retained. At June 30, 1996 and December
31, 1995, Keystone Holdings established an impairment valuation allowance of
$0.4 million and $0.9 million, respectively, based upon an evaluation performed
on the entire servicing rights portfolio.
In order to determine the fair value of the servicing rights,
management uses market prices under comparable servicing sale contracts, when
available, or alternatively, uses a valuation model that calculates the present
value of future cash flows. Assumptions used in the valuation model include
market discount rates and anticipated prepayment speeds. The prepayment speeds
are determined from market sources for fixed-rate mortgages with similar coupons
and prepayment reports for comparable ARM loans. In addition, management uses
market comparables for estimates of the cost of servicing per loan, float value,
an inflation rate, ancillary income per loan and default rates.
Keystone Holdings amortizes the servicing rights in proportion to and
over the period of estimated future net servicing income.
For the purpose of measuring impairment, management stratified the
capitalized mortgage servicing rights using the following risk characteristics:
fixed-rate loans by coupon (less than 8%, 8%-10%, 10%-12% and greater than 12%);
and adjustable-rate loans by index (COFI, Treasury, LIBOR, etc.). Impairment is
measured utilizing fair value.
F-55
<PAGE> 310
Purchased loan servicing, originated loan servicing and excess
servicing fees, net of amortization and the valuation allowance were as follows
for the periods indicated:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Purchased Loan Originated Loan Excess Total Mortgage
Servicing, Net Servicing, Net Servicing, Net Servicing Rights
-------------- --------------- -------------- ----------------
(dollars in thousands)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Balance at December 31, 1995 $ 66,884 $ 6,509 $ 17,508 $ 90,901
Additions ................ 5,170 4,356 685 10,211
Amortization ............. (8,053) (615) (2,026) (10,694)
Valuation allowance ...... -- (392) -- (392)
-------- ------- -------- --------
Balance at June 30, 1996 ... $ 64,001 $ 9,858 $ 16,167 $ 90,026
======== ======= ======== ========
</TABLE>
Net servicing income consisted of the following for the periods
indicated:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Six Months Ended
June 30, Year Ended December 31,
--------------------- -------------------------------------
1996 1995 1995 1994 1993
---- ---- ---- ---- ----
(dollars in thousands)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Servicing Income ................. $ 20,085 $ 16,193 $ 37,521 $ 29,270 $ 30,032
Amortization of mortgage servicing
rights ......................... (10,694) (7,918) (18,825) (15,232) (22,803)
-------- -------- -------- -------- --------
Net servicing income ............. $ 9,391 $ 8,275 $ 18,696 $ 14,038 $ 7,229
======== ======== ======== ======== ========
</TABLE>
Net servicing income increased to $18.7 million from $14.0 million and
$7.2 million for the years ended December 31, 1995 and 1994 and 1993,
respectively. The increase from 1994 to 1995 is due to the average outstanding
balance of the loans serviced by ASB for other institutions increasing to $16.2
billion for the year ended December 31, 1995 from $11.4 billion for the year
ended December 31, 1994. The increase in net servicing income from $7.2 million
in 1993 to $14.0 million in 1994 was largely due to a decrease in amortization
of mortgage servicing rights attributable to a gradual decline in prepayments of
mortgage receivables in 1994 compared to 1993.
Miscellaneous other income and expense consisted of the following items
for the periods indicated:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Six Months Ended
June 30, Year Ended December 31,
------------------------------ -----------------------
1996 1995 1995 1994 1993
---- ---- ---- ---- ----
(dollars in thousands)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Credit card fees ........ $ 255 $ 135 $ 532 $ 1,095 $ 4,574
Loss on sales of branches (217) (98) (832) (1,410) (955)
Provision on other assets -- -- -- -- (1,000)
Other ................... 501 408 1,043 367 761
----- ----- ------- ------- -------
Total ................. $ 539 $ 445 $ 743 $ 52 $ 3,380
===== ===== ======= ======= =======
</TABLE>
Credit card fees decreased in 1995 and 1994 as compared to 1993 due to
the sale of a majority of the credit card portfolio in the first quarter of
1994.
General and Administrative Expenses. General and administrative
expenses were $134.9 million for the six-month period ended June 30, 1996
compared to $136.1 million for the same period in 1995. General and
administrative expenses as a percentage of total average assets on an annualized
basis were 1.36% and 1.42% for the six months ending June 30, 1996 and 1995,
respectively. Total general and administrative expenses declined to $264.8
million for the year ended December 31, 1995 compared to $266.8 million for the
year ended December 31, 1994 and $279.7 million for the year ended December 31,
1993. General and administrative expenses as a percentage of total average
assets were 1.37%, 1.54% and 1.62% for the years ended December 31, 1995, 1994
and 1993, respectively. These trends reflect management's continuing focus on
decreasing general and administrative expenses through the automation of
processes and the streamlining of operations where appropriate.
F-56
<PAGE> 311
Provision for Federal and State Income Taxes. The provision for federal
and state taxes on income was $3.5 million and $1.0 million for the six-month
periods ended June 30, 1996 and 1995, respectively. The provision consisted of
alternative minimum tax for these periods.
The provision for federal and state taxes on income was $4.4 million
for the year ended December 31, 1995 compared to a provision of $1.7 million for
the year ended December 31, 1994 and a benefit of $2.8 million for the year
ended December 31, 1993. These provisions reflect effective tax rates of 3.7%,
2.3% and (2.7%) for the years ended December 31, 1995, 1994 and 1993,
respectively. The effective tax rates for 1995 and 1994 reflect the utilization
of current tax losses of ASB's nominee and the increase in the tax loan loss
base year reserve amounts coupled with changes in the deferred tax asset
valuation allowance. The 1993 effective tax rate reflects the utilization of
current tax losses of ASB's nominee, the benefit on the deferred tax asset of
the tax rate change in the 1993 Revenue Reconciliation Act, a reduction in the
deferred tax asset for provisions in the same legislation that significantly
reduced, retroactively to March 4, 1991, losses attributable to ASB's nominee,
New West, and changes to the deferred tax asset valuation allowance.
Provision (Benefit) for Payments in Lieu of Taxes. Keystone Holdings
recorded a provision for payments in lieu of taxes of $24.2 million for the six
months ended June 30, 1996 compared to a benefit for payments in lieu of taxes
of $6.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 1995. The provision for
payments in lieu of taxes for the six months ended June 30, 1996 as compared to
the benefit for the six months ended June 30, 1995 is the result of an increase
in earnings before taxes and a decrease in allowable tax bad debt deductions in
excess of book credit loss provisions. Keystone Holdings' earnings before taxes
for the six months ended June 30, 1996 were $102.2 million compared to $34.8
million for the same period in 1995. See Note 18, "Payments in Lieu of Taxes,"
in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
The provision for payments in lieu of taxes was $7.9 million for the
year ended December 31, 1995 compared with a benefit for payments in lieu of
taxes of $0.8 million and a provision of $14.1 million for the years ended
December 31, 1994 and 1993, respectively. The increase in the provision for
payments in lieu of taxes in 1995 over 1994 and the decrease in 1994 over 1993
were largely attributable to increased or decreased earnings before taxes.
Earnings before taxes for the years ended December 31, 1995, 1994 and 1993 were
$118.2 million, 73.8 million and $104.0 million, respectively.
Accounting for Income Taxes. In February 1992, the FASB issued
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 109, "Accounting for Income
Taxes" ("SFAS 109"). Under the asset and liability method of SFAS 109, deferred
tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the anticipated future tax
consequences attributable to carryovers and differences between the amount
recorded in the financial statements for existing assets and liabilities and
their respective tax bases. Effective January 1, 1992, Keystone Holdings adopted
SFAS 109.
At January 1, 1992, Keystone Holdings recognized a deferred tax asset
relating to NOL carryforwards of $4.3 billion and net deductible temporary
differences of $370.0 million. The deferred tax asset was reduced by a valuation
allowance to arrive at the net amount that is more likely than not to be
realized from such carryforwards and temporary differences.
In adopting SFAS 109, Keystone Holdings recorded the cumulative effect
of a change in accounting principle of $60.0 million which was presented
separately in its Consolidated Statement of Earnings for the year ended December
31, 1992. Prior years' financial statements were not restated. Under the
provisions of SFAS 109, Keystone Holdings recorded a deferred tax benefit of
$2.8 million and $22.0 million for 1993 and 1992, respectively. The Consolidated
Balance Sheets include deferred tax assets of $112.6 million at June 30, 1996
and December 31, 1995 and 1994.
Keystone Holdings had earnings before taxes of $102.2 million and $34.8
million for the six months ended June 30, 1996 and 1995, respectively, and
$118.2 million, $73.8 million, and $104.0 million for the years ended December
31, 1995, 1994 and 1993, respectively. However, for the latter three periods,
Keystone Holdings had taxable losses due to the operations of New West, a
non-consolidated subsidiary of New Holdings that was a nominee of ASB for tax
purposes. For the six months ended June 30, 1996, NOL carryovers from the 1988
F-57
<PAGE> 312
Acquisition were used to eliminate Keystone Holdings' taxable income. As of
December 31, 1995, Keystone Holdings had NOL carryovers available to offset
future taxable income of $3.9 billion. Virtually all of these carryovers are
attributable to the operations of New West with the balance representing
carryovers available to Keystone Holdings from the Acquisition. Since all of the
loss carryovers belong to Keystone Holdings for tax purposes, they are
considered in the computation of the deferred tax asset. The net deferred tax
asset has been reduced to the extent Keystone Holdings will share these loss
carryover benefits with the FRF.
In order to fully realize the net deferred tax asset at December 31,
1995, Keystone Holdings will need to begin to generate future taxable income of
approximately $672.1 million prior to the expiration of its NOLs, which expire
in 2004. Based on its history of prior operating earnings and expectations for
the future, management believes it is more likely than not that Keystone
Holdings will realize the recorded benefit of $112.6 million through use of net
operating loss carryovers existing at December 31, 1995.
CAPITAL REGULATIONS AND REQUIREMENTS
Statutes and OTS regulations applicable to savings associations,
including ASB, require the maintenance of tangible capital, as defined, in an
amount not less than 1.5% of adjusted total assets; core capital, as defined, in
an amount not less than 3.0% of adjusted total assets; and risk-based capital,
as defined, in an amount not less than 8.0% of adjusted risk-weighted assets.
The following table presents ASB's actual regulatory capital compared
to the minimum required regulatory capital at June 30, 1996:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Capital Assets % of Assets
------- ------ -----------
(dollars in thousands)
<S> <C> <C> <C>
TANGIBLE CAPITAL REQUIREMENT:
GAAP capital/assets ...................................... $ 1,180,436 $ 20,367,147
Add: Unrealized loss on available-for-sale securities .... 1,411 1,411
Reclass ACH settlement from deposits to other assets -- 22,141
Reclass deferred debt issue costs to other assets ... -- 1,249
Less:Deferred income taxes(1) ............................ (78,596) (78,596)
Core deposit intangible ............................. (2,025) (2,025)
Investment in nonincludable subsidiary .............. (2,401) (970)
----------- ------------
Actual tangible capital/assets ........................... 1,098,825 $ 20,310,357 5.41%
============
Required tangible capital ................................ (304,655) 1.50
----------- -----
Excess tangible capital .................................. $ 794,170 3.91%
=========== =====
CORE CAPITAL REQUIREMENT:
Tangible capital/assets .................................. $ 1,098,825 $ 20,310,357
Add:Core deposit intangible .............................. 2,025 2,025
----------- ------------
Actual core capital/assets ............................... 1,100,850 $ 20,312,382 5.42%
============
Required core capital(2) ................................. (609,371) 3.00
----------- -----
Excess core capital ...................................... $ 491,479 2.42%
=========== =====
RISK-BASED CAPITAL REQUIREMENT:
Core capital ............................................. $ 1,100,850
On-balance sheet risk-weighted assets .................. -- $ 11,826,300
Off-balance sheet risk-weighted assets ................. -- 61,272
----------- ------------
Core capital/risk-weighted assets ........................ 1,100,850 $ 11,887,572
Add: Allowable general credit loss reserve ............... 76,334 --
Qualifying subordinated notes, net .................. 99,825 --
Reclass deferred debt issue costs to other assets ... -- 1,249
----------- ------------
Actual risk-based capital/assets ......................... 1,277,009 $ 11,888,821 10.74%
============
Required risk-based capital .............................. (951,106) 8.00
----------- -----
Excess risk-based capital ................................ $ 325,903 2.74%
=========== =====
</TABLE>
- --------------------
F-58
<PAGE> 313
(1) $34.0 million of total deferred income tax qualifies for inclusion in
regulatory capital at June 30, 1996. This balance represents the
estimated amount of the deferred tax asset that can be realized in the
twelve-month period following the reporting period based upon ASB's
projected earnings for the same period.
(2) Under the prompt corrective action standards of the Federal Deposit
Insurance Corporation Improvement Act, an institution is subject to
regulatory sanctions if its core capital is less than 4.00%.
ASSET/LIABILITY MANAGEMENT
Keystone Holdings controls the sensitivity of its net interest income
to fluctuations in interest rates by closely matching the maturities and
interest rates of its interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities.
The movement of interest rates on assets or liabilities, whether at
maturity or through interest rate adjustment provisions, is referred to as
"repricing." In order to match the interest rates of its assets and liabilities,
Keystone Holdings originates ARMs which reprice monthly at a spread over COFI.
COFI reflects the weighted average cost of funds for savings associations in the
FHLB's Eleventh District. Additionally, a majority of the mortgage-backed
securities portfolio represent adjustable rate assets indexed to COFI. Keystone
Holdings' primary asset/liability management objective is to maximize the
long-term spread between interest income on interest-earning assets and interest
expense on interest-bearing liabilities. Keystone Holdings has focused on
managing its cost of funds to provide rate and repricing characteristics similar
to COFI.
The lifetime interest rate caps which Keystone Holdings offers to its
COFI ARM borrowers introduce an element of interest rate risk to Keystone
Holdings. In periods of high interest rates, it is possible for Keystone
Holdings' cost of funds to exceed the rate on the lifetime interest rate caps
offered to customers. When determined appropriate by management, Keystone
Holdings hedges this risk by purchasing COFI- and LIBOR-based interest rate caps
and collars.
Other various financial instruments utilized by Keystone Holdings'
management to reduce or eliminate interest rate risk include options, swaps and
forward sales. See Note 21, "Interest Rate Risk Management," in the Notes to the
Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.
Maturity and Interest Rate Sensitivity Analysis. A conventional measure
of interest rate sensitivity for thrift institutions is to divide the difference
between assets maturing or repricing within one year and total liabilities
maturing or repricing within one year by total assets - "one-year gap." At June
30, 1996, Keystone Holdings' one-year gap was a positive 2.20 percent compared
with a positive 4.82 percent at the end of 1995. Keystone Holdings slightly
positive one-year gap is a reflection of its ability to originate and maintain
adjustable-rate receivables. By holding in its portfolio primarily
adjustable-rate receivables and MBS, Keystone Holdings is able to help control
its sensitivity to movements in interest rates. The following maturity and
interest rate sensitivity analysis summarizes the asset and liability balances
of Keystone Holdings at June 30, 1996, on the basis of rate adjustments due to
occur within selected time intervals. The repricing periods and amounts in the
table assume the contractual amortization and estimated prepayments of
receivables and MBS.
F-59
<PAGE> 314
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
At June 30, 1996
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Repricing Periods(1)
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Weighted
Average 0-3 4-12 1-5 5-10 Over 10
Balance(2) Yield Months Months Years Years Years
---------- -------- ------ ------ ----- ----- ------
(dollars in millions)
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Interest-earning assets:
Investments ............... $ 408 5.93% $ 286 $ -- $ 122 $ -- $ --
Receivables ............... 12,954 7.49 11,188 294 1,277 97 98
MBS ....................... 6,355 7.35 6,306 4 15 11 19
------- ---- -------- ------- ------- ---- ----
Total interest-earning
assets ................ 19,717 7.41 17,780 298 1,414 108 117
------- ---- -------- ------- ------- ---- ----
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Deposits .................. 12,729 4.69 6,467 5,296 966 -- --
Borrowings ................ 6,495 5.87 5,741 118 523 100 13
------- ---- -------- ------- ------- ---- ----
Total interest-bearing
liabilities ........... 19,224 5.06 12,208 5,414 1,489 100 13
------- ---- -------- ------- ------- ---- ----
Maturity gap ................ $ 493 $ 5,572 ($5,116) ($ 75) $ 8 $104
======= ==== ======== ======= ======= ==== ====
Cumulative maturity gap ..... $ 5,572 $ 456 $ 381 $389 $493
======== ======= ======= ==== ====
Gap as a percentage of
total assets .............. 2.38% 27.18% 2.20% 1.84% 1.88% 2.38%
</TABLE>
- ----------------
(1) The impact of hedging is reflected in the individual asset or liability
lines.
(2) Balances in this table are presented gross of discounts, premiums and
allowances for credit losses.
(3) Investments and borrowings are assumed to reprice at the earlier of their
interest rate reset date or their contractual maturity.
(4) Deposits are assumed to reprice at the earlier of their interest rate reset
date or their contractual maturity, except for deposits with no stated
maturity, which are assumed to reprice in month O.
Consistent with Keystone Holdings' strategy to maintain the majority of
its portfolio in monthly adjustable rate receivables and MBS, the repricing
table indicates that at June 30, 1996 Keystone Holdings' assets are scheduled to
reprice sooner than its liabilities. Given this strategy, Keystone Holdings'
earnings would be expected to decline with falling interest rates and to
increase with rising interest rates. However, Keystone Holdings' earnings are
also affected by the lag inherent in COFI, the index on which the majority of
Keystone Holdings' adjustable rate receivables and MBS interest rates are based.
This lag results from the two month delay in reporting COFI because of the time
required to gather the data needed to compute the index. Consequently, the
current COFI used to price adjustable rate receivables and MBS actually reflects
the cost of funds at a two month prior level. As a result, the COFI lag causes
adjustable rate receivables and MBS to initially reprice more slowly than
liabilities when the interest rate environment changes, enhancing earnings when
rates fall and lessening income when rates rise. In addition to the COFI
reporting lag, other characteristics of adjustable rate receivables and MBS
impact earnings. These characteristics include introductory (or "teaser") rates,
the interest rate adjustment frequencies, interest rate caps or limits on
interest rate changes, and interest rate floors.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Liquidity. Keystone Holdings has declared dividends on its common stock
of $60.0 million and $5.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 1996 and
1995, respectively, and $5.6 million and $32.5 million for the years ended
December 31, 1995 and 1994, respectively. In 1993, Keystone Holdings retired a
note for $21.0 million which had been given to its shareholder in payment of a
dividend in 1992. In addition Keystone Holdings paid an $8.0 million cash
dividend in 1993. At the end of 1993 a $10.0 million dividend had been declared
but unpaid.
New Capital is subject to the restrictions and limitations provided for
in the note purchase agreements related to the Series B Notes and the
Subordinated Notes and the Indenture covering the Series C Notes. See Note 20,
"Stockholder's Equity," in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements of
Keystone Holdings for additional information on the restrictions under debt
covenants. Based on the most restrictive of New Capital's debt
F-60
<PAGE> 315
covenants, at June 30, 1996, New Capital would have been permitted to make up to
$28.6 million in dividend or other restricted payments.
Federal regulations require that ASB maintain for each calendar month
an average daily balance of liquid assets at least equal to 5.0% of the prior
month's average daily balance of net withdrawable deposits plus borrowings due
within one year. At June 30, 1996, ASB's liquid assets consisted of currency,
cash in banks, short-term investments in federal funds and bankers acceptances.
Also included were mortgage-backed securities with maturities of five years or
less. ASB's liquidity ratio was 6.76%, 5.29% and 5.04% at June 30, 1996,
December 31, 1995 and December 31, 1994, respectively.
At December 31, 1995, approximately 88 percent of time certificates are
scheduled to mature within one year. In the event that a higher than anticipated
number of these certificates do not renew, liquidity will be maintained
utilizing other funding sources such as FHLB advances, reverse repurchase
agreements and brokered deposits.
Keystone Holdings' cash and cash equivalents decreased to $144.1
million at June 30, 1996 from $385.6 million at December 31, 1995. The decrease
is primarily due to receivable originations of $2.3 billion and purchases of
held-to-maturity securities of $1.7 billion during the six months ended June 30,
1996. The decrease in cash and cash equivalents was partially offset by a net
increase in FHLB advances of $1.0 billion, and principal payments of
held-to-maturity securities and receivables of $1.8 billion and $507.7 million,
respectively, during the six months ended June 30, 1996.
Cash and cash equivalents increased to $385.6 million at December 31,
1995 from $215.3 million at December 31, 1994. The increase primarily results
from payments received on the New West Note of $1.7 billion during the year
ended December 31, 1995. In addition, proceeds from the sale of receivables
increased $1.1 billion, principal payments on receivables increased $744.4
million and net FHLB advances increased $613.0 million during the year ended
December 31, 1995. The increase in cash and cash equivalents was partially
offset by receivable originations of $3.9 billion during the year ended December
31, 1995.
Capital Resources. ASB's major sources of funds are generated from the
collection of loan principal and interest payments, deposits, FHLB advances,
repurchase agreements and other borrowings. In addition, ASB receives funds
through the sale of receivables, mortgage-backed securities and other assets.
ASB uses these funds primarily to originate receivables and pay dividends.
F-61
<PAGE> 316
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF KEYSTONE HOLDINGS
AS OF DECEMBER 31, 1995, 1994 AND 1993
F-62
<PAGE> 317
Independent Auditors' Report
The Board of Directors
Keystone Holdings, Inc.:
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Keystone
Holdings, Inc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 1995 and 1994, and the
related consolidated statements of earnings, stockholder's equity and cash flows
for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 1995. These
consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's
management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated
financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing
standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material
misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting
the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes
assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.
We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present
fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Keystone Holdings,
Inc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 1995 and 1994, and the results of their
operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period
ended December 31, 1995, in conformity with generally accepted accounting
principles.
KPMG PEAT MARWICK LLP
Los Angeles, California
January 26, 1996, except as to Note 27
to the consolidated financial statements,
which is as of February 8, 1996
F-63
<PAGE> 318
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 1995 and 1994
(Dollars in Thousands, except Per Share Amounts)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1995 1994
------------------ -----------
<S> <C> <C>
ASSETS:
Cash and Cash Equivalents $ 385,561 $ 215,253
Investment Securities (fair value of $116,721 and $87,002) 116,728 87,014
Receivable from Affiliates 1,357 1,282
Receivables, net 11,101,010 12,638,520
Mortgage-Backed Securities, net (fair value of $2,959,608 and $1,698,338) 2,890,765 1,706,122
Assets Available-for-Sale:
Investment Securities 165,379 135,949
Mortgage-Backed Securities, net 4,061,282 1,321,425
Assets Held-for-Sale:
Receivables (fair value of $75,614 and $5,070) 74,021 5,070
New West Note - 1,515,040
Federal Home Loan Bank Stock 159,949 122,987
Interest Receivable 111,284 77,223
Premises and Equipment, net 233,687 194,112
Foreclosed Properties, net 100,037 118,645
Mortgage Servicing Rights, net 90,901 61,039
Deferred Tax Asset, net 112,596 112,596
Other Assets 99,099 90,126
----------- -----------
TOTAL ASSETS $19,703,656 $18,402,403
=========== ===========
LIABILITIES:
Deposits $13,005,029 $12,815,489
Federal Home Loan Bank Advances 1,004,337 391,366
Reverse Repurchase Agreements 4,016,441 3,982,659
Other Borrowed Money 371,079 359,653
Interest Payable 63,114 42,562
Remittances Due Banks 54,525 77,183
Remittances Due on Loans Serviced for Others 136,312 80,131
Accounts Payable and Accrued Expenses 91,199 82,782
----------- -----------
TOTAL LIABILITIES 18,742,036 17,831,825
----------- -----------
MINORITY INTEREST 293,061 203,454
LESS OFFSET-NEW WEST NOTE -- (167,000)
----------- -----------
NET MINORITY INTEREST 293,061 36,454
STOCKHOLDER'S EQUITY:
Common Stock (par value $1.00 per share); Shares Authorized 100,000;
Shares Issued and Outstanding 1,048 1 1
Additional Paid-in Capital 30,419 105,419
Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Available-for-Sale Securities 110,367 (29,161)
Retained Earnings - Substantially Restricted 527,772 457,865
----------- -----------
TOTAL STOCKHOLDER'S EQUITY 668,559 534,124
----------- -----------
TOTAL LIABILITIES, MINORITY INTEREST AND
STOCKHOLDER'S EQUITY $19,703,656 $18,402,403
=========== ===========
</TABLE>
See Accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
F-64
<PAGE> 319
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Consolidated Statements of Earnings for the Years Ended
December 31, 1995, 1994 and 1993
(Dollars in Thousands)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1995 1994 1993
----------- ----------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
INTEREST INCOME:
Receivables $ 967,263 $ 709,041 $ 756,606
Mortgage-Backed Securities 272,320 167,073 106,764
New West Note 58,841 141,039 241,014
Investment Securities 38,702 19,710 12,885
----------- ----------- -----------
Total Interest Income 1,337,126 1,036,863 1,117,269
----------- ----------- -----------
INTEREST EXPENSE:
Deposits 636,315 481,794 513,435
FHLB Advances 30,858 69,096 128,741
Reverse Repurchase Agreements 261,217 103,828 20,239
Other Borrowings 34,322 28,769 28,731
----------- ----------- -----------
Total Interest Expense 962,712 683,487 691,146
----------- ----------- -----------
NET INTEREST INCOME 374,414 353,376 426,123
Provision for Credit Losses 63,837 101,609 123,503
----------- ----------- -----------
NET INTEREST INCOME AFTER PROVISION FOR
CREDIT LOSSES 310,577 251,767 302,620
OTHER INCOME AND EXPENSE:
Gain From Disposition of Credit Card Receivables, net -- 24,981 --
Gain (Loss) on Sale of Receivables, net 34 (2,295) 9,776
Gain on Sale of Servicing Rights -- 20,396 --
Savings Fee Income 21,526 16,781 17,555
Commissions Income 16,890 15,150 18,238
Receivable Fee Income 11,811 12,982 13,829
Gain on Asset Sales, net 2,534 207 23,994
Net Expense of Foreclosed Properties (18,032) (13,390) (12,951)
Net Servicing Income 18,696 14,038 7,229
Loss on Sale of Covered Assets (37,399) -- --
Effect of FDIC Assistance on Covered Assets 55,630 -- --
Other Income and Expense 743 52 3,380
----------- ----------- -----------
Total Other Income and Expense 72,433 88,902 81,050
----------- ----------- -----------
EARNINGS BEFORE GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE
EXPENSES AND TAXES 383,010 340,669 383,670
GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES:
Salaries and Fringe Benefits 146,292 151,797 160,837
Occupancy 38,391 34,801 46,313
Regulatory Premiums and Assessments 33,367 32,483 32,019
Data Processing 27,119 25,777 26,754
Advertising and Promotion 12,424 11,628 11,677
Deferred Origination Expenses (34,718) (38,931) (35,067)
Reimbursements from Affiliates (573) (1,144) (17,407)
Other Operating Expenses 42,525 50,416 54,568
----------- ----------- -----------
Total General and Administrative Expenses 264,827 266,827 279,694
----------- ----------- -----------
EARNINGS BEFORE TAXES 118,183 73,842 103,976
Provision (Benefit) for Federal and State Income Taxes 4,402 1,721 (2,830)
Provision (Benefit) for Payments in Lieu of Taxes 7,887 (824) 14,075
----------- ----------- -----------
EARNINGS FROM OPERATIONS 105,894 72,945 92,731
Minority Interest in Earnings of Consolidated Subsidiaries (21,092) (22,621) (10,474)
----------- ----------- -----------
NET EARNINGS $ 84,802 $ 50,324 $ 82,257
=========== =========== ===========
</TABLE>
See Accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
F-65
<PAGE> 320
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Consolidated Statements of Stockholder's Equity for the Years Ended
December 31, 1995, 1994 and 1993
(Dollars in Thousands)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Unrealized
Gain (Loss)
on Retained
Additional Available- Earnings - Total
Common Paid-in for-Sale Substantially Stockholder's
Stock Capital Securities Restricted Equity
------ ---------- ----------- ------------- --------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 1992 $1 $ 105,419 $ -- $ 392,018 $ 497,438
Net Earnings - -- -- 82,257 82,257
Dividends on Common Stock - -- -- (18,000) (18,000)
Other Capital Distributions - -- -- (13,117) (13,117)
Unrealized Gain on Available-
for-Sale Securities - -- 29,657 -- 29,657
-- --------- --------- --------- ---------
BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 1993 1 105,419 29,657 443,158 578,235
Net Earnings - -- -- 50,324 50,324
Dividends on Common Stock - -- -- (22,500) (22,500)
Other Capital Distributions - -- -- (13,117) (13,117)
Unrealized Loss on Available-
for-Sale Securities - -- (58,818) -- (58,818)
-- --------- --------- --------- ---------
BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 1994 $1 $ 105,419 (29,161) 457,865 534,124
Net Earnings - -- -- 84,802 84,802
Dividends on Common Stock - -- -- (5,587) (5,587)
Other Capital Distributions - -- -- (9,308) (9,308)
Other Capital Reductions - (75,000) -- -- (75,000)
Unrealized Gain on Available-
for-Sale Securities - -- 139,528 -- 139,528
-- --------- --------- --------- ---------
BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 1995 $1 $ 30,419 $ 110,367 $ 527,772 $ 668,559
== ========= ========= ========= =========
</TABLE>
See Accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
F-66
<PAGE> 321
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years
Ended December 31, 1995, 1994 and 1993
(Dollars in Thousands)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1995 1994 1993
----------- ----------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
NET EARNINGS $ 84,802 $ 50,324 $ 82,257
Adjustments to Reconcile Net Earnings to Net Cash Provided
By Operating Activities:
Provisions for Credit Losses 63,837 101,609 123,503
Depreciation and Amortization 27,049 21,961 53,197
Net Gain from Disposition of Credit Card Receivables -- (24,981) --
Net Gain on Sale of Servicing Rights -- (20,396) --
Net Loss (Gain) on Asset Sales (2,568) 2,088 (33,770)
Loss on Sale of Covered Assets 37,399 -- --
Effect of FDIC Assistance on Covered Assets (55,630) -- --
Federal Home Loan Bank Stock Dividend (7,188) (5,355) (2,772)
Interest Payable, Net Change 20,552 10,398 20,074
Remittances Due, Net Change 33,523 (78,759) 33,550
Originated Receivables, Held-for-Sale (782,583) (223,220) (920,151)
Proceeds from Sale of Real Estate Receivables, Held-for-Sale 1,093,754 724,324 818,966
Purchase of Investment Securities, Held-for-Trading (128,510) (66,211) --
Proceeds from Sales of Investment Securities, Held-for-Trading 128,609 66,324 --
Decrease (Increase) in Interest Receivable (34,061) (14,551) 3,543
Increase (Decrease) in Federal and State Taxes 1,307 (295) (2,830)
Increase (Decrease) in Payable to FSLIC Resolution Fund 8,210 (15,133) (41,396)
Other, Net (2,601) (12,652) 57,250
----------- ----------- -----------
Total Adjustments 401,099 465,151 109,164
----------- ----------- -----------
NET CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES 485,901 515,475 191,421
----------- ----------- -----------
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Purchases of Available-for-Sale Securities (619,918) (355,975) (334,306)
Principal Payments and Maturities of Available-for-Sale Securities 446,303 188,405 142,116
Proceeds from Sales of Available-for-Sale Securities 453,874 164,587 262,132
Purchases of Held-to-Maturity Securities (609,221) (1,147,607) (271,216)
Principal Payments and Maturities of Held-to-Maturity Securities 704,581 889,979 514,708
Originated Real Estate Receivables (3,939,384) (4,491,645) (2,955,578)
Principal Payments on Real Estate Receivables 744,400 840,432 1,014,252
Consumer Receivables Originated or Collected, Net Change 3,698 16,023 3,735
Federal Home Loan Bank Stock Purchases (29,774) (11,102) (14,068)
New West Note, Payments Received 1,682,040 1,569,018 1,569,018
Proceeds from Sale of Premises and Equipment 4,871 2,211 8,130
Purchase of Premises and Equipment (65,169) (19,988) (17,610)
Foreclosed Properties, Net Sales Proceeds 125,889 168,141 151,513
Cash Proceeds from Disposition of Credit Card Receivables -- 166,315 --
Purchased Mortgage Servicing Rights (38,270) (37,605) --
Other, Net (7,224) 38,818 (3,948)
----------- ----------- -----------
NET CASH PROVIDED BY (USED IN) INVESTING ACTIVITIES (1,143,304) (2,019,993) 68,878
----------- ----------- -----------
</TABLE>
See Accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
F-67
<PAGE> 322
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (continued)
for the Years Ended December 31, 1995, 1994 and 1993
(Dollars in Thousands)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1995 1994 1993
----------- ----------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Deposit Activity, Net 189,540 (552,151) (618,033)
Proceeds from Federal Home Loan Bank Advances 1,093,732 2,505,794 3,170,361
Payments for Federal Home Loan Bank Advances (480,761) (3,652,271) (3,219,518)
Proceeds from Long-Term Reverse Repurchase Agreements 597,557 1,103,000 --
Payments for Long-Term Reverse Repurchase Agreements (475,127) -- --
Short-Term Reverse Repurchase Agreements, Net Change (88,648) 1,845,064 534,842
Federal Funds Purchased, Net Change (50,000) 50,000 --
Proceeds from Issuance of Series C Notes 175,000 -- --
Proceeds from Issuance of Subordinated Notes -- -- 19,988
Repayment of Series A Notes (111,000) -- --
Retirement of Subordinated Debentures -- -- (20,000)
Decrease in Payable to Affiliate -- -- (21,000)
Common Stock Dividends Paid (5,587) (32,500) (8,000)
Other Capital Distributions (9,308) (13,117) (13,117)
Other, Net (7,687) 4,704 (36,833)
----------- ----------- -----------
NET CASH PROVIDED BY (USED IN) FINANCING ACTIVITIES 827,711 1,258,523 (211,310)
----------- ----------- -----------
NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS 170,308 (245,995) 48,989
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT BEGINNING OF YEAR 215,253 461,248 412,259
----------- ----------- -----------
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF YEAR $ 385,561 $ 215,253 $ 461,248
=========== =========== ===========
</TABLE>
DISCLOSURES OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1995 1994 1993
---- ---- ----
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Interest Paid on Deposits $ 628,618 $ 481,834 $ 513,196
Interest Paid on Borrowings 310,510 188,619 155,009
Non-Cash Investing Activities:
Loans Exchanged for Mortgage-Backed Securities 4,214,911 8,697 1,557,485
Foreclosed Properties Acquired in Settlement of Loans 231,838 318,726 316,369
Loans Originated to Facilitate the Sale of Foreclosed Properties 65,693 92,415 47,832
Non-Cash Financing Activities:
Deposits Exchanged in Branch Swaps -- -- 152,382
Additional Paid-in Capital Transferred to Minority Interest
Upon Sale of Preferred Stock to Unrelated Party 75,000 -- --
Dividends Declared and Payable in Different Years:
Common Stock Dividends -- (10,000) 10,000
</TABLE>
See Accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
F-68
<PAGE> 323
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Note 1: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Keystone Holdings, Inc. ("Keystone Holdings") commenced operations in December
1988 as an indirect holding company for American Savings Bank, F.A. ("ASB") and
for American Real Estate Group, Inc. ("AREG"). ASB is a Federally chartered
savings bank. AREG formerly managed certain real estate related assets of New
West Federal Savings and Loan ("New West") and is now inactive as a result of a
restructuring transaction in 1993. N.A. Capital Holdings, Inc. ("NACH Inc.")
owns all of the outstanding common stock of ASB and AREG. NACH Inc. is owned by
New American Capital, Inc. ("New Capital") whose common stock is owned by New
American Holdings, Inc. ("New Holdings"), a subsidiary of Keystone Holdings.
Keystone Holdings and its direct and indirect subsidiaries are collectively
referred to as the "Keystone Group."
Keystone Holdings, through New Holdings owns the common stock of New West.
Although Keystone Holdings holds the ownership interest in New West, Keystone
Holdings does not have a financial interest in New West because of certain
contractual provisions and indemnifications, described here and in Note 8. Any
loss incurred by New West during its liquidation is the financial responsibility
of the FSLIC Resolution Fund. Keystone Holdings does not record any equity in
the earnings or losses of New West and substantially all decisions made by New
West's management must be approved by the FDIC prior to execution. Therefore,
the accounts of New West are not included in Keystone Holdings' consolidated
financial statements. New West was considered a nominee corporation of ASB for
state and federal tax purposes until October 24, 1995. (See Notes 17 and 18).
Basis of Presentation
The Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in conformity with
generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP"). In preparing the Consolidated
Financial Statements, management is required to make estimates and assumptions
that affect the reported balances of certain assets and liabilities as of the
balance sheet date and revenues and expenses for the period then ended. In those
cases where amounts reported in the Consolidated Financial Statements are
significantly influenced by such estimates and assumptions, actual results could
differ from those reported. Certain amounts in the prior years Consolidated
Financial Statements have been reclassified to conform with the current year
presentation.
Principles of Consolidation
The Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of Keystone Holdings
and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany transactions and
balances have been eliminated in consolidation.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents include cash, federal funds sold and repurchase
agreements with original maturities of 90 days or less.
Investment and Mortgage-Backed Securities
Investments in debt and equity securities that management has both the intent
and ability to hold until maturity are carried at cost, adjusted for
amortization of premium and accretion of discount, ("amortized cost") using the
interest method over the term of the security.
Securities that are bought and held principally for the purpose of selling in
the near term are classified as trading securities. In addition, mortgage loans
that are held-for-sale and were subsequently securitized in conjunction with
mortgage banking activities are classified as trading securities. Trading
securities are carried at fair value, with unrealized holding gains and losses
included in earnings. Keystone Holdings had no securities classified as trading
securities at December 31, 1995 and 1994.
Securities not classified as either held-to-maturity or as trading securities
are classified as available-for-sale and carried at fair value, with unrealized
holding gains and losses excluded from earnings and reported as a separate
component of stockholder's equity until realized. Securities are classified into
one of the three categories at
F-69
<PAGE> 324
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
acquisition. Any transfer between categories of investments are accounted for at
fair value. Keystone Holdings recognized unrealized holding gains of $139.5
million for the year ended December 31, 1995 and unrealized holding losses of
$58.8 million for the year ended December 31, 1994 on its available-for-sale
portfolio.
Any declines in the recorded value of investment and mortgage-backed securities
that are determined to be other than temporary are charged to current earnings.
Dividend and interest income, including amortization of premium and accretion of
discount, for all three categories of securities are included in earnings when
earned using the interest method. The cost of investments and mortgage-backed
securities sold is determined by the specific identification method.
Receivables
Receivables, other than those that are identified as held-for-sale, are recorded
in the balance sheets at amortized cost. Receivables held-for-sale are those
originated or purchased with the intent to be sold in the foreseeable future.
These receivables, net of their related hedge gains and losses, are recorded at
the lower of amortized cost or fair value.
Interest income is accrued and credited to earnings as it is earned. Accrued
interest on receivables that are 90 days or more contractually delinquent is not
recognized as income ("nonaccrual receivables"). Interest income is subsequently
recognized on nonaccrual receivables only to the extent that payments are
received. Payments received on nonaccrual receivables are recorded as a
reduction of principal or as interest income depending on management's
assessment of the ultimate collectibility of the loan principal. Keystone
Holdings ceases amortization of deferred net fees or costs and accretion of
discounts on nonaccrual receivables. Nonaccrual receivables are returned to
accrual status at the time the delinquent receivable balance is paid current.
Restructured receivables have been permanently modified by Keystone Holdings and
include partial forgiveness of principal, interest and an extension of the
receivable's maturity. Keystone Holdings accounts for these receivables in
accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 15 ("SFAS 15"),
"Accounting by Debtors and Creditors for Troubled Debt Restructurings" and
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 114 ("SFAS 114"), "Accounting by
Creditors for Impairment of a Loan", as amended by Statement of Financial
Accounting Standards No. 118 ("SFAS 118"), "Accounting for Creditors for
Impairment of a Loan - Income Recognition Disclosures."
Certain direct loan origination fees and costs are deferred and amortized as an
adjustment to yield over the estimated life of the related loans using the
interest method. Fees and direct costs associated with commitments expected to
be exercised are treated in the same manner. Indirect loan origination costs are
expensed as incurred.
Keystone Holdings holds certain receivables that have been securitized into
mortgage-backed securities with full recourse. The allowance for credit losses
on mortgage-backed securities represents management's estimate of the credit
losses Keystone Holdings will incur.
Allowance for Credit Losses
The allowance for credit losses is maintained at an amount management believes
adequate to absorb probable losses on the existing portfolio. Management
continuously assesses the adequacy of the allowance and periodically makes
adjustments through charges to earnings in order to maintain the allowance at an
appropriate level. Factors considered when making such an assessment include,
but are not limited to, the nature and value of the underlying collateral, the
loan delinquency status, historical and projected loss experience on sales of
foreclosed properties and the levels and trends of non-performing assets, loan
modifications and classified assets.
As management utilizes information currently available to make such an
assessment, the allowance for credit losses is subjective and may be adjusted in
the future depending on changes in economic conditions or other factors.
Additionally, various regulatory agencies, as an integral part of their regular
examination process, review Keystone Holdings' allowance for credit losses on a
periodic basis. These agencies may require Keystone Holdings to recognize
additions to the allowance based on their judgments of information available to
them at the time of their examination.
F-70
<PAGE> 325
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Premises and Equipment
Premises and equipment are recorded at cost and depreciated over their estimated
useful lives using the straight-line method. Estimated lives are generally 31.5
years for buildings, three to five years for furniture and equipment, three to
five years for computer hardware and three years for computer software.
Leasehold improvements are depreciated using the straight-line method over the
remaining lease terms or the lives of the improvements, whichever is less. Costs
related to maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred, whereas costs that
increase either the estimated useful life or value of the property are
capitalized.
Foreclosed Properties
Real estate acquired in settlement of loans or through deed-in-lieu of
foreclosure is recorded at fair value less estimated selling costs, as supported
by independent appraisals. Once acquired, the recorded value of the property is
periodically reviewed and may subsequently be adjusted downward with a charge to
earnings, as appropriate.
Purchased and Originated Servicing
In May 1995, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 122
("SFAS 122"), "Accounting for Mortgage Servicing Rights," an amendment to
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 65 ("SFAS 65"), "Accounting for
Certain Mortgage Banking Activities." In September 1995, Keystone Holdings
adopted early application of SFAS 122 and elected to implement SFAS 122 as of
January 1, 1995 which resulted in the recognition of $5.9 million in originated
mortgage servicing rights. As SFAS 122 prohibits retroactive application in
prior years, Keystone Holdings' financial statement reporting for 1994 and prior
is in accordance with the original SFAS 65.
Purchased servicing represents the cost of acquiring the right to service
mortgage loans. Originated servicing rights are recorded when mortgage loans are
originated and subsequently sold or securitized with the servicing rights
retained. The total cost of the mortgage loans is allocated to the mortgage
servicing rights and the loans (without the mortgage servicing rights) based on
their relative fair values. The cost relating to purchased and originated
servicing is capitalized and amortized in proportion to, and over the period of,
estimated future net servicing income.
Keystone Holdings assesses impairment of the capitalized mortgage servicing
portfolio based on the fair value of those rights on a stratum-by-stratum basis
with any impairment recognized through a valuation allowance for each impaired
stratum. For the purpose of measuring impairment, Keystone Holdings stratified
the capitalized mortgage servicing rights using the following risk
characteristics: fixed-rate loans by coupon (less than 8%, 8%-10%, 10%- 12% and
greater than 12%); and adjustable-rate loans by index (Weighted Average Cost of
Funds Index for the Eleventh District Savings Institutions ("COFI"), Treasury,
London Interbank Offering Rate ("LIBOR"), etc.).
Impairment is measured utilizing fair value.
In order to determine the fair value of the servicing rights, Keystone Holdings
uses market prices under comparable servicing sales contracts, when available,
or alternatively, it uses a valuation model that calculates the present value of
future cash flows. Assumptions used in the valuation model include market
discount rates and anticipated prepayment speeds. The prepayment speeds are
determined from market sources for fixed-rate mortgages with similar coupons and
prepayment reports for comparable ARMs. In addition, Keystone Holdings uses
market comparables for estimates of the cost of servicing per loan, an inflation
rate, ancillary income per loan and default rates. Amounts capitalized are
recorded at cost, net of accumulated amortization and valuation allowance.
Capitalized Excess Servicing
To the extent that servicing fees on a mortgage loan exceed a "normal" servicing
fee, the gain or loss on sale is adjusted to provide for the recognition of the
excess servicing fee over the estimated lives of the loans. The amount of the
adjustment approximates the amount that investors were willing to pay for the
excess servicing fees at the time of the loan sale. The adjustment results in an
asset that is realized through receipt of the excess service fee over the lives
of the loans.
F-71
<PAGE> 326
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Keystone Holdings uses a valuation model to calculate the present value of
future excess servicing. Prepayment speeds are determined from market
projections for fixed-rate mortgages with similar coupons and vintage. Discount
rates are maintained at the market rate that existed at the time the excess
servicing was originally calculated.
Intangible Amortization
The assumption of deposits through acquisition has resulted in the recognition
of an intangible asset ("core deposit intangible"). The core deposit intangible
is included in "Other Assets" in the Consolidated Balance Sheets and is
amortized over the estimated life of the core deposits. The balance of Keystone
Holdings' core deposit intangible was $3.3 million and $7.1 million at December
31, 1995 and 1994, respectively.
Debt Issuance Costs
Expenses incurred in connection with the issuance of certain outstanding debt of
Keystone Holdings are deferred and amortized, using the interest method. The
amortization of deferred issuance costs is included as an adjustment of the debt
service cost over the term of the related debt. The unamortized balance of these
debt issuance costs is included in "Other Assets" in the Consolidated Financial
Statements.
Organization Costs
Expenses incurred in connection with the organization of Keystone Holdings were
deferred and amortized over five years using the straight-line method. These
organization costs were fully amortized as of December 31, 1993.
Income Taxes
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax
consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement
recorded amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax
bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates
expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary
differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax
assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in earnings in the
period that includes the enactment date.
Keystone Holdings and its subsidiaries file a consolidated federal income tax
return. For California franchise tax purposes, ASB joins in the filing of a
combined return with its subsidiaries and with AREG.
The Tax Sharing Agreement entered into by Keystone Holdings and its subsidiaries
(the "Tax Sharing Agreement") requires the subsidiaries to compute their tax
sharing payments as if they were filing a separate return. Such agreement
further requires NACH Inc. to compute its tax sharing payment as if it were
filing a separate consolidated return with its subsidiaries (including ASB),
with certain significant adjustments. The principal adjustments are (a) the
income, expenses, gains and losses of New West, a nominee of ASB for income and
franchise tax purposes through October 23, 1995, are excluded, (b) loan fees are
recognized on a straight-line basis over seven years, adjusted for sales of such
loans, rather than as received, and (c) for the years ending on or before
December 31, 1994, the market-to-market adjustment attributable to the real
estate loan portfolio acquired from the failed ASB Savings and Loan Association
is accreted into income ratably over seven years, adjusted for sales of the
acquired loans.
Securities and Loans Sold Under Agreements to Repurchase
Keystone Holdings enters into sales of securities and loans under agreements to
repurchase the same or similar securities or loans ("reverse repurchase
agreements" and "dollar roll agreements"). Reverse repurchase and dollar roll
agreements are accounted for as financing arrangements, with the obligation to
repurchase securities or loans sold reflected as a liability in the Consolidated
Balance Sheets. The dollar amount of securities and loans underlying the
agreements remains in the respective asset accounts.
F-72
<PAGE> 327
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Interest Rate Risk Management Instruments
Interest rate risk management instruments include interest rate exchange
agreements ("swaps"), interest rate protection agreements ("caps"), forward
sales of financial instruments, and financial futures and options contracts.
Premiums, discounts and fees associated with caps and swaps are accreted into
income or amortized to expense using the interest method. A gain or loss upon
the termination of a hedge is amortized over the remaining life of the hedged
asset or liability. Any gains and losses from forward sales and financial
futures which meet deferral accounting criteria are either deferred and
amortized using the interest method over the lives of the related positions or
recognized in current earnings if the related assets are sold. Net unamortized
gains or losses are included in the recorded value of the related asset or
liability being hedged.
NOTE 2: CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
The following table summarizes the outstanding balance of cash and cash
equivalents at December 31, (dollars in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1995 1994
---- ----
<S> <C> <C>
Cash $385,561 $145,369
Federal Funds Sold -- 69,884
-------- --------
Total $385,561 $215,253
======== ========
</TABLE>
The cash balances noted above include restricted cash of $9.2 million and $4.8
million at December 31, 1995 and 1994, respectively. The restrictions primarily
relate to remittances received on certain receivables serviced for others.
Keystone Holdings did not have any repurchase agreements outstanding at any
month end in 1995. The maximum balance of repurchase agreements outstanding at
any month end during 1994 was $125.0 million. The average balances outstanding
during 1995 and 1994 were $0.5 million and $13.9 million, respectively. The
weighted average interest rates for 1995 and 1994 were 5.95 percent and 3.37
percent. All of the securities underlying the repurchase agreements remain under
Keystone Holdings' custody and control.
F-73
<PAGE> 328
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
NOTE 3: INVESTMENT SECURITIES
The following tables summarize the amortized cost, fair value and gross
unrealized holding gains and losses on investment securities, all of which
management has the ability and intent to hold until maturity, at December 31,
(dollars in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1995
---------------------------------------------------------
Weighted
Amortized Gross Unrealized Fair Average
-----------------
Cost Gains Losses Value Yield
--------- ----- ------ ----- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Investment securities:
U.S. government and agency obligations:
Due within one year..................... $ 19,693 $-- $ -- $ 19,693 5.24%
Corporate debt obligations:
Due within one year..................... 96,935 -- (2) 96,933 5.72
Due after one but within five years..... 50 -- (2) 48 5.50
After five but within 10 years.......... 50 -- (3) 47 5.50
-------- --- ---- -------- ----
97,035 -- (7) 97,028 5.72
-------- --- ---- -------- ----
Total................................. $116,728 $-- $ (7) $116,721 5.64%
======== === ==== ======== ====
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1994
--------------------------------------------------------------
Weighted
Amortized Gross Unrealized Fair Average
----------------------
Cost Gains Losses Value Yield
--------- ----- ------ ----- -----
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Investment securities:
U.S. government and agency obligations:
Due within one year..................... $23,847 $ -- $ -- $23,847 4.94%
Corporate debt obligations:
Due within one year..................... 63,067 1 (7) 63,061 5.67
Due after one but within five years..... -- -- -- -- --
After five but within 10 years.......... 100 -- (6) 94 5.50
------- ---- -------- ------- ----
63,167 1 (13) 63,155 5.67
------- ---- -------- ------- ----
Total................................. $87,014 $ 1 $ (13) $87,002 5.47%
======= ==== ======== ======= ====
</TABLE>
The following tables summarize the amortized cost, fair value and gross
unrealized holding gains and losses on investment securities, all of which
management has determined to be available-for-sale, at December 31, (dollars in
thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1995
-----------------------------------------------------------
Weighted
Amortized Gross Unrealized Fair Average
------------------
Cost Gains Losses Value Yield
--------- ----- ------ ----- ------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Investment securities:
U.S. government and agency obligations:
Due after one but within five years..... $164,972 $407 $ -- $165,379 6.56%
-------- ---- ----- -------- ----
Total................................. $164,972 $407 $ -- $165,379 6.56%
======== ==== ===== ======== ====
</TABLE>
F-74
<PAGE> 329
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1994
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Weighted
Amortized Gross Unrealized Fair Average
-----------------
Cost Gains Losses Value Yield
--------- ----- ------ ----- -------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Investment securities:
U.S. government and agency obligations:
Due after one but within five years . $ 90,021 $ -- $(2,447) $ 87,574 5.66%
Corporate debt obligations:
Due after one but within five years . 50,000 -- (1,625) 48,375 5.70
-------- ----- ------- -------- ----
Total ............................. $140,021 $ -- $(4,072) $135,949 5.68%
======== ===== ======= ======== ====
</TABLE>
No investment securities were classified as trading securities at December 31,
1995 and 1994. At December 31, 1995 and 1994, investment securities of $21.9
million and $15.8 million, respectively, were pledged as collateral to secure
certain borrowings.
The following table presents certain information on sales of Keystone Holdings'
investment securities portfolio for the years ended December 31, (in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1995 1994 1993
-------- ------- -------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Proceeds From Sales $294,123 $88,328 $39,992
Gross Realized Gains 1,431 183 41
Gross Realized Losses 14 64 --
</TABLE>
The proceeds from sales of securities in 1995 and 1994, identified above, were
the result of sales of debentures. The proceeds from sales of securities in 1993
were the result of the sale of a U.S. Treasury security and a corporate
security. All of these securities were classified as available-for-sale or
held-for-trading.
F-75
<PAGE> 330
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
NOTE 4: MORTGAGE-BACKED SECURITIES
The following table presents held-to-maturity and available-for-sale
mortgage-backed securities at December 31, (dollars in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1995 1994
----------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
Amortized Gross Unrealized Fair Amortized
-----------------------
Cost Gains Losses Value Cost
---------- ----- ------ ----- ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
HELD-TO-MATURITY:
HLMC ............... $ -- $ -- $ -- $ -- $ 591,960
FNMA (1) ........... 2,908,206 51,402 -- 2,959,608 689,142
Private Label ...... -- -- -- -- 333,691
Resolution Trust
Corporation ...... -- -- -- -- 108,030
---------- ----------
2,908,206 $ 51,402 $ -- 2,959,608 1,722,823
==========
Allowance for Credit
Losses ........... (17,441) -- (16,701)
----------- ---------- -------
TOTAL ............ $ 2,890,765 $2,959,608 $ 1,706,122
=========== ========== ===========
AVAILABLE-FOR-SALE:
FHLMC .............. $ 598,307 $ 16,900 $ (364) $ 614,843 $ 150,020
FNMA (2) ........... 2,872,005 97,699 (926) 2,968,778 1,191,602
Resolution Trust
Corporation ...... 125,301 18 (1,387) 123,932 4,892
Private Labels ..... 355,709 1,240 (3,220) 353,729 --
---------- ----------- ---------- ----------
TOTAL ............ $ 3,951,322 $ 115,857 $ (5,897) $4,061,282 $1,346,514
=========== ========== =========== ========== ==========
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1994
----------------------------------------
Gross Unrealized Fair
--------------------
Gains Losses Value
----- ------ -----
<S> <C> <C> <C>
HELD-TO-MATURITY:
FHLMC .............. $ -- $ (6,932) $ 585,028
FNMA (1) ........... 602 (5,572) 684,172
Private Label ...... -- (10,007) 323,684
Resolution Trust
Corporation ...... -- (2,576) 105,454
-------- ----------- ----------
$ 602 $ (25,087) 1,698,338
======== =========== ==========
Allowance for Credit
Losses ........... --
----------
TOTAL ............ $1,698,338
==========
AVAILABLE-FOR-SALE:
FHLMC .............. $ 31 $ (4,376) $ 145,675
FNMA (2) ........... 19,020 (39,542) 1,171,080
Resolution Trust
Corporation ...... -- (222) 4,670
Private Labels ..... -- -- --
-------- ----------- ----------
TOTAL ............ $ 19,051 $ (44,140) $1,321,425
======== =========== ==========
</TABLE>
- ------------------
(1) Included $2.9 billion of recourse obligations in 1995. There were no
recourse obligations in 1994.
(2) Included $1.8 billion and $1.0 billion of recourse obligations in 1995 and
1994, respectively. The $1.4 billion FNMA REMIC executed in December 1995
is included in the $1.8 billion. Approximately $1.2 billion of the REMIC is
collateralized by multi-family loans, and represent Keystone Holdings only
multi-family recourse amounts.
At December 31, 1995 and 1994, respectively, mortgage-backed securities of $4.2
billion and $1.9 billion were pledged as collateral to secure certain reverse
repurchase agreements.
At December 31, 1995 and 1994, Keystone Holdings did not have any
mortgage-backed securities classified as trading securities.
The following table presents certain information on sales of Keystone Holdings'
available-for-sale portfolio for the years ended December 31, (dollars in
thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1995 1994 1993
-------- ------- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Proceeds From Sales $159,751 $76,259 $222,140
Gross Realized Gains 1,184 252 1,359
Gross Realized Losses 18 -- 2
</TABLE>
In November 1995, the FASB issued its Special Report, "A Guide to Implementation
of Statement 115 on Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity
Securities", that permitted enterprises to reassess the appropriateness of the
classifications of all securities held upon initial adoption of the Special
Report, provided that such reassessment and any resulting reclassification was
completed no later than December 31, 1995. As a result, Keystone Holdings
reclassified $1.4 billion of mortgage-backed securities from its
held-to-maturity portfolio to the available-for-sale portfolio during November
1995. The unrealized gain on these securities at the time of the
reclassification was $24.8 million. There were no subsequent sales of these
reclassified securities in 1995.
F-76
<PAGE> 331
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
NOTE 5: RECEIVABLES
The following table summarizes receivables at December 31, (dollars in
thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1995 1994
------------ ------------
<S> <C> <C>
REAL ESTATE RECEIVABLES:
Single-Family
Adjustable ........................................... $ 9,235,248 $ 9,539,309
Fixed ................................................ 208,841 162,861
Multi-Family
Adjustable ........................................... 1,342,563 2,529,120
Fixed ................................................ 56,462 66,414
Commercial, Industrial and Land ........................ 359,537 441,980
Equity(1) .............................................. 46,122 49,643
------------ ------------
TOTAL REAL ESTATE RECEIVABLES .......................... 11,248,773 12,789,327
OTHER RECEIVABLES:
Deposit Certificates ................................... 21,582 24,472
Credit Card ............................................ 3,003 2,897
Other .................................................. 18,156 19,071
------------ ------------
TOTAL OTHER RECEIVABLES .............................. 42,741 46,440
------------ ------------
TOTAL GROSS RECEIVABLES .............................. 11,291,514 12,835,767
Unearned Discount, net ................................. (41,492) (69,532)
Unamortized Deferred Fees, net ......................... (476) (26,856)
Allowance for Credit Losses ............................ (74,515) (95,789)
------------ ------------
RECEIVABLES OWNED, NET ............................... $ 11,175,031 $ 12,643,590
============ ============
Weighted Average Yield on Receivables for the Year Ended 7.60% 6.64%
============ ============
</TABLE>
- ---------------
(1) All equity loans are secured by residential real estate.
Total net receivables serviced was $27.4 billion, $24.0 billion and $18.7
billion at December 31, 1995, 1994 and 1993, respectively.
Collateralized borrowings issued by Keystone Holdings, including FHLB advances,
are secured by receivables of $2.4 billion, mortgage-backed securities of $3.0
billion and FHLB stock of $159.9 million at December 31, 1995.
Included in the above table are receivables held-for-sale of $74.0 million and
$5.1 million at December 31, 1995 and 1994, respectively.
Keystone Holdings primarily lends to customers located throughout California.
The following table summarizes the
F-77
<PAGE> 332
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Company's real estate receivable portfolio by certain geographic areas at
December 31, 1995 (dollars in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
San
Los Francisco Other Other
Angeles Orange Bay Area California States Total
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Single-Family $2,759,775 $1,145,718 $3,178,947 $2,323,659 $35,990 $ 9,444,089
Multi-Family 559,749 110,935 299,488 402,995 25,858 1,399,025
Commercial, Industrial and
Land 136,076 28,448 55,578 137,231 2,204 359,537
Equity 38,617 469 3,461 3,570 5 46,122
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ------- -----------
TOTAL $3,494,217 $1,285,570 $3,537,474 $2,867,455 $64,057 $11,248,773
========== ========== ========== ========== ======= ===========
PERCENT 31.06% 11.43% 31.45% 25.49% 0.57% 100.00%
====== ===== ===== ===== ==== ======
</TABLE>
No other geographic areas within California or other states constituted more
than ten percent of total receivables at December 31, 1995.
The following table presents the contractual maturity of gross real estate
receivables at December 31, 1995 (dollars in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1999- 2001- 2006 &
1996 1997 1998 2000 2005 After Total
------- ------- ------- ------- -------- ----------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
SINGLE-FAMILY
Adjustable $ 167 $ -- $ 68 $ -- $ 1,463 $ 9,233,550 $ 9,235,248
Fixed 1,638 1,101 271 951 19,068 185,812 208,841
MULTI-FAMILY
Adjustable 4,067 1,267 3,073 13,735 74,963 1,245,458 1,342,563
Fixed 1,480 15,334 10,106 2,641 9,690 17,211 56,462
COMMERCIAL, INDUSTRIAL,
LAND
Adjustable 2,716 32,713 12,742 10,350 110,760 104,154 273,435
Fixed 12,236 19,322 10,424 1,245 38,613 4,262 86,102
EQUITY
Adjustable -- -- -- -- 14 43,985 43,999
Fixed 3 27 1,788 55 71 179 2,123
------- ------- ------- -------- ----------- -----------
TOTAL $22,307 $69,764 $38,472 $28,977 $254,642 $10,834,611 $11,248,773
======= ======= ======= ======= ======== =========== ===========
</TABLE>
Based upon historical experience, a substantial amount of receivables will be
paid prior to contractual maturity. As a result, this table is not to be
regarded as a forecast of future cash collections.
The following table summarizes the aggregate outstanding balance of nonaccrual
receivables and loans sold or securitized with recourse ("recourse obligations")
at December 31, (dollars in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1995 1994
-------- --------
<S> <C> <C>
NONACCRUAL RECEIVABLES AND RECOURSE OBLIGATIONS(1)(2)
Single-Family $118,480 $143,360
Multi-Family and Commercial 23,979 74,423
Equity 1,636 1,483
-------- --------
TOTAL $144,095 $219,266
======== ========
Percentage of Total Receivables and Recourse Obligations 0.90% 1.56%
</TABLE>
- --------
(1) At December 31, 1995 and 1994, nonaccrual receivables include nonaccrual
restructured receivables of $6.5 million and $3.9 million, respectively.
(2) At December 31, 1994, nonaccrual receivables serviced by others were
entitled to certain FDIC assistance and, therefore, were excluded from the
amounts shown above.
F-78
<PAGE> 333
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Keystone Holdings did not have any receivables or recourse obligations more than
90 days past due and still accruing interest at December 31, 1995 and 1994,
except for consumer credit card loans which are placed on nonaccrual status when
such loans become 120 days past due.
In May 1993, the FASB issued SFAS 114. SFAS 114 addresses the accounting by
creditors for impairment of certain loans by specifying how allowances for
credit losses related to impaired loans should be determined. A loan is defined
as being impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable
that all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement
(including both principal and interest payments) will not be received. SFAS 114
applies to all loans that are restructured in a troubled debt restructuring
involving a modification of terms.
In October 1994, the FASB issued SFAS 118 as an amendment to SFAS 114. SFAS 118
eliminates the income recognition provisions included in SFAS 114 thereby
permitting creditors to use existing methods of recognizing interest income on
impaired loans. Keystone Holdings adopted the provisions of SFAS 114 as amended
by SFAS 118, effective January 1, 1995.
SFAS 114 does not apply to large groups of smaller balance homogenous loans that
are collectively evaluated for impairment. Keystone Holdings collectively
reviews all single family loans, all consumer loans and multi-family and
commercial loans with outstanding principal balances under $1.0 million for
impairment. Keystone Holdings considers a loan to be impaired when, based upon
current information and events, it believes it is probable that Keystone
Holdings will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual
terms of the loan agreement. Keystone Holdings' impaired loans disclosed under
the requirements of SFAS 114 include nonaccrual loans (excluding those
collectively reviewed for impairment), debt restructurings, and multifamily and
commercial loans less than 90 days delinquent in which management believes that
the borrower may be experiencing financial difficulty based on indicators such
as low debt coverage ratios or high loan-to-value ratios ("other impaired
loans"). Keystone Holdings bases the measurement of loan impairment on the fair
value of the loan's underlying collateral. If the recorded investment of a loan
exceeds the measure of impairment, Keystone Holdings recognizes the impairment
by creating a valuation allowance (or adjusting an existing valuation allowance
on the loan) with a corresponding charge to the provision for credit losses. At
the time of in-substance foreclosure or troubled debt restructuring, including
foreclosure, the shortfall, if any, between the recorded investment of a loan
and the measure of impairment is charged off.
Impaired loans and the related specific loan loss allowance at December 31, 1995
were as follows (dollars in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Recorded Allowance Net
Investment for Losses Investment
---------- ---------- ----------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Nonaccrual Loans:
With specific allowances $ 1,128 $ 158 $ 970
Without specific allowances 3,417 -- 3,417
------- ------- -------
4,545 158 4,387
------- ------- -------
Restructured Loans:
With specific allowances 13,471 2,756 10,715
Without specific allowances 34,879 -- 34,879
------- ------- -------
48,350 2,756 45,594
------- ------- -------
Other Impaired Loans:
With specific allowances 10,065 2,804 7,261
Without specific allowances 6,419 -- 6,419
------- ------- -------
16,484 2,804 13,680
------- ------- -------
TOTAL IMPAIRED LOANS $69,379 $ 5,718 $63,661
======= ======= =======
</TABLE>
F-79
<PAGE> 334
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The average net recorded investment in impaired loans for the year ended
December 31, 1995 was $69.0 million. Interest income of $4.7 million was
recognized on impaired loans during the period of impairment.
Interest income is accrued and credited to earnings as it is earned. Accrued
interest on nonaccrual receivables (i.e., receivables that are 90 days or more
contractually delinquent) is not recognized as income. Interest income is
subsequently recognized on nonaccrual receivables only to the extent that
payments are received. Payments received on nonaccrual receivables are recorded
as a reduction of principal or as interest income depending on management's
assessment of the ultimate collectibility of the loan principal. At December 31,
1995 nonaccrual loans had interest due but not recognized of approximately $7.1
million.
The aggregate investment in troubled debt restructurings ("TDRs") modified prior
to January 1, 1995 that are not impaired based on the terms specified by the TDR
agreements with borrowers was $10.6 million at December 31, 1995. The foregone
interest on these restructured receivables did not have a significant impact on
Keystone Holdings' earnings for the year ended December 31, 1995. Interest
income on TDRs for the year ended December 31, 1995 was $0.8 million. At
December 31, 1995, Keystone Holdings had no commitments to lend additional funds
to borrowers whose loans were classified as TDRs.
The following table reconciles total nonaccrual loans to total impaired loans at
December 31, (dollars in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1995
----
<S> <C>
Total Nonaccrual Loans $144,095
Homogenous Nonaccrual Loans (139,550)
Accruing Restructured Loans 48,350
Other Impaired Loans 16,484
--------
Total Impaired Loans $ 69,379
</TABLE>
NOTE 6: ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES
The following summarizes the activity in the allowance for credit losses related
to loan receivables and mortgage-backed securities ("MBS") for the year ended
December 31, (dollars in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1995 1994 1993
--------- --------- ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
January 1, ........................ $ 112,490 $ 125,747 $ 121,537
Provision for Credit Losses ....... 63,837 101,609 123,503
Charge-Offs:
Single-Family ................... (55,933) (88,033) (92,187)
Multi-Family .................... (22,784) (17,374) (10,127)
Commercial ...................... (5,362) (1,963) (3,008)
Consumer ........................ (1,510) (5,084) (13,971)
--------- --------- ---------
(85,589) (112,454) (119,293)
Earthquake ...................... (3,743) (5,145) --
--------- --------- ---------
Total Charge-offs ............. (89,332) (117,599) (119,293)
Recoveries:
Single-Family ................... 2,222 2,505 --
Multi-Family .................... 1,563 220 --
Commercial ...................... 1,176 8 --
--------- --------- ---------
Total Recoveries .............. 4,961 2,733 --
--------- --------- ---------
December 31, ...................... $ 91,956 $ 112,490 $ 125,747
========= ========= =========
Net Charge-Offs/Average Receivables
and Recourse Obligations ........ 0.52% 0.92% 1.02%
</TABLE>
F-80
<PAGE> 335
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
NOTE 7: INTEREST RECEIVABLE
Interest receivable is comprised of the following at December 31, (dollars in
thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1995 1994
-------- --------
<S> <C> <C>
Receivables $ 60,779 $58,972
Mortgage-Backed Securities 48,380 16,971
Investment Securities 2,125 1,280
-------- -------
TOTAL $111,284 $77,223
======== =======
</TABLE>
NOTE 8: NEW WEST NOTE
On December 28, 1988 (the "Effective Date"), substantially all assets and
liabilities of the failed savings and loan subsidiary (the "Failed Association")
of Financial Corporation of America ("FCA"), were transferred to ASB (the
"Acquisition") and New West. As part of the transaction, ASB received a
promissory note from New West for the balance of the net assets transferred to
New West ("New West Note").
As of the Effective Date, Keystone Holdings and other related entities also
entered into an assistance agreement (the "Assistance Agreement") with the
Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation (the "FSLIC"). Under the terms of
the Assistance Agreement, the FRF is required to indemnify ASB for specified
losses that may be incurred on, or in connection with, certain of the acquired
assets.
The FDIC has always caused New West to prepay the New West Note to the maximum
extent permitted by its terms. If the maximum prepayments under its terms were
to have continued, the balance of the New West Note would have been reduced to
approximately $113.0 million in November 1995 and fully repaid in February 1996.
However, in October 1995, Keystone Holdings agreed with the FDIC to allow
prepayment of the remaining balance of the New West Note. ASB received the
remaining principal balance of $505.3 million, plus interest on October 24,
1995. ASB utilized the proceeds received to pay down certain short-term
borrowings and to originate new receivables.
The following is a summary of the New West Note activity for the years indicated
(dollars in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
New West Warrant Net of
Note Offset Warrant
<S> <C> <C> <C>
BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 1992 ........ $ 4,767,144 $ 167,000 $ 4,600,144
Receivables Transferred to New West 52,932 -- 52,932
Optional Prepayments .............. (1,569,018) -- (1,569,018)
----------- --------- -----------
BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 1993 ........ 3,251,058 167,000 3,084,058
Optional Prepayments .............. (1,569,018) -- (1,569,018)
----------- --------- -----------
BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 1994 ........ 1,682,040 167,000 1,515,040
Optional Prepayments .............. (1,682,040) (167,000) (1,515,040)
----------- --------- -----------
BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 1995 ........ $ -- $ -- $ --
=========== ========= ===========
</TABLE>
The balance of the New West Note reported in Keystone Holdings' financial
statements prior to December 31, 1995 has been reduced by the $167.0 million
value ascribed to the Warrants. Consensus No. 88-19 of the Emerging Issues Task
Force of the Financial Accounting Standards Board requires that capital arising
from instruments issued to the FSLIC be offset against amounts receivable from
the FSLIC which in this case included the New West Note, as its repayment was
supported by FRF assistance to New West.
F-81
<PAGE> 336
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
NOTE 9: PREMISES AND EQUIPMENT
Premises and equipment consisted of the following at December 31, (dollars in
thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1995 1994
--------- ---------
<S> <C> <C>
Buildings and Leasehold Improvements $ 268,712 $ 218,666
Furniture and Equipment 99,617 94,460
Land 41,463 35,339
Construction in Progress 8,080 9,047
Accumulated Depreciation and Amortization (184,185) (163,400)
--------- ---------
TOTAL $ 233,687 $ 194,112
========= =========
</TABLE>
In January 1995, a wholly-owned service corporation of ASB purchased from a
related limited partnership the Irvine Plaza building structures and adjoining
land currently utilized for ASB's executive offices and various departments.
The total cash purchase price paid for the property was $45.2 million.
NOTE 10: FORECLOSED PROPERTIES
The following summarizes the outstanding balance of foreclosed properties at
December 31, (dollars in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1995 1994
--------- ---------
<S> <C> <C>
Single-Family $ 69,448 $ 91,824
Multi-Family 29,404 28,423
Commercial and Industrial 4,922 28
--------- ---------
103,774 120,275
Allowance for Market Losses
Subsequent to Foreclosure (3,737) (1,630)
--------- ---------
TOTAL $ 100,037 $ 118,645
========= =========
</TABLE>
A summary of the activity in the allowance for market losses subsequent to
foreclosure for the years shown follows (dollars in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1995 1994 1993
-------- -------- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
BALANCE AT JANUARY 1, $ 1,630 $ 7,855 $ 4,786
Provision for Market Losses 10,523 15,391 19,589
Write-downs (8,416) (21,616) (16,520)
-------- -------- --------
BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, $ 3,737 $ 1,630 $ 7,855
======== ======== ========
</TABLE>
NOTE 11: MORTGAGE SERVICING RIGHTS
In May 1995, the FASB issued SFAS 122, an amendment to SFAS 65. In September
1995, Keystone Holdings adopted early application of SFAS 122. SFAS 122 requires
a company that purchases or originates mortgage loans and subsequently sells or
securitizes those loans with servicing rights retained to allocate the total
cost of the mortgage loans to the mortgage servicing rights and the loans
(without the mortgage servicing rights) based on their relative fair values.
Companies are required to assess impairment of the capitalized mortgage
servicing portfolio based on the fair value of those rights on a
stratum-by-stratum basis with any impairment recognized through a valuation
allowance for each impaired stratum. Capitalized mortgage servicing rights
should be stratified based upon
F-82
<PAGE> 337
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
one or more of the predominant risk characteristics of the underlying loans such
as loan type, size, note rate, date of origination, term and/or geographic
location.
Keystone Holdings elected to implement SFAS 122 effective January 1, 1995. As a
result, throughout 1995 Keystone Holdings capitalized $7.8 million in originated
loan servicing rights that resulted from the origination and sale of receivables
with servicing retained. At December 31, 1995, Keystone Holdings established an
impairment valuation allowance of $0.9 million based upon an evaluation
performed on the entire servicing rights portfolio. Keystone Holdings' financial
statement reporting for 1994 and prior was in accordance with the original SFAS
65.
The following table summarizes the activity in purchased loan servicing,
originated loan servicing and excess servicing fees, net of amortization and the
valuation allowance for the periods indicated (dollars in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Purchased Loan Originated Loan Excess Total Mortgage
Servicing, Net Servicing, Net Servicing, Net Servicing Rights
-------------- --------------- -------------- ----------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
BALANCE AT JANUARY 1, 1993 $ 9,205 $ -- $ 59,345 $ 68,550
Present Value Gain on 1993 Sales -- -- 5,448 5,448
Amortization (3,046) -- (19,757) (22,803)
-------- ------- -------- --------
BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 1993 6,159 -- 45,036 51,195
Sale of Servicing -- -- (13,087) (13,087)
Purchased Servicing 37,605 -- -- 37,605
Present Value Gain on 1994 Loan Sales -- -- 558 558
Amortization (2,448) -- (12,784) (15,232)
-------- ------- -------- --------
BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 1994 41,316 -- 19,723 61,039
Purchased/Originated Servicing 38,270 7,757 -- 46,027
Present Value Gain on 1995 Loan Sales -- -- 3,542 3,542
Amortization (12,702) (366) (5,757) (18,825)
Impairment Valuation Allowance -- (882) -- (882)
-------- ------- -------- --------
BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 1995 $ 66,884 $ 6,509 $ 17,508 $ 90,901
======== ======= ======== ========
</TABLE>
NOTE 12: DEPOSITS
Deposits and related weighted average interest rates consisted of the following
at December 31, (dollars in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1995 1994
-------------------------- ---------------------------
Weighted Weighted
Average Average
Amount Rate Amount Rate
------------ -------- ----------- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
DEMAND AND SAVINGS DEPOSITS
Money Market Demand $ 1,425,243 1.50% $ 1,585,308 1.84 %
Passbook 1,878,761 3.90 1,063,064 2.77
Money Market Savings 415,886 2.51 564,298 2.58
Super Passbook 173,826 3.02 400,525 2.77
Other 237 -- 383 --
------------ -----------
TOTAL DEMAND AND SAVINGS DEPOSITS 3,893,953 2.83 3,613,578 2.33
------------ -----------
TIME CERTIFICATES
Fixed 9,126,012 5.64 9,217,044 4.83
Other 247 2.79 365 2.94
------------ -----------
TOTAL TIME CERTIFICATES 9,126,259 5.64 9,217,409 4.83
------------ -----------
Unearned Premium -- 313
Deferred Hedging Costs (15,183) (15,811)
------------ -----------
TOTAL $ 13,005,029 4.81% $12,815,489 4.13 %
============ ===========
</TABLE>
F-83
<PAGE> 338
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The following table presents the maturity characteristics of time certificates
within each interest rate range at December 31, 1995 (dollars in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Maturing in
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 Thereafter Total
---------- -------- -------- ------- ------- ---------- -------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Interest Rate
0%-3.9% $ 55,130 $ 1,079 $ -- $ -- $ 1,068 $ -- $ 57,277
4.0%-4.9% 1,202,412 62,729 427 93 5 -- 1,265,666
5.0%-5.9% 4,952,907 356,129 97,417 18,239 27,983 4,081 5,456,756
6.0%-6.9% 1,235,642 345,122 58,663 43,053 52,327 214 1,735,021
7.0% or more 549,565 39,959 6,960 3,173 11,415 467 611,539
---------- -------- -------- ------- ------- ------ ----------
TOTAL $7,995,656 $805,018 $163,467 $64,558 $92,798 $4,762 $9,126,259
========== ======== ======== ======= ======= ====== ==========
</TABLE>
Fixed time certificates with balances of $100,000 or greater are $1.76 billion
at December 31, 1995.
At December 31, 1995 and 1994, respectively, receivables with total unpaid
principal balances of $344,000 and $383,000 were pledged as collateral for
certain public agency deposits.
The following summarizes interest expense on deposits by type of account for the
years ended December 31, (dollars in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1995 1994 1993
-------- -------- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Savings Deposits $598,403 $447,506 $468,000
Demand Deposits 24,112 29,502 40,486
Wholesale Deposits 6,000 1,365 2,447
Other 7,800 3,421 2,502
-------- -------- --------
TOTAL $636,315 $481,794 $513,435
======== ======== ========
</TABLE>
NOTE 13: FEDERAL HOME LOAN BANK ADVANCES
At December 31, 1995, FHLB advances are secured by Keystone Holdings' investment
in FHLB capital stock of $159.9 million and receivables and mortgage-backed
securities with aggregate principal balances of $893.1 million and $96.1
million, respectively. At December 31, 1994, FHLB stock of $123.0 million and
receivables with aggregate principal balances of $391.4 million secured FHLB
advances.
As a member of the FHLB of San Francisco, ASB must maintain FHLB capital stock
equal to the greater of: (a) 1.0 percent of its net residential mortgages, (b)
5.0 percent of outstanding FHLB advances and letters of credit from the FHLB or
(c) 0.3 percent of unconsolidated assets. At December 31, 1995 and 1994, ASB was
in compliance with this requirement.
The following summarizes the FHLB advances outstanding and their related
weighted average interest rates at December 31, (dollars in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1995 1994
------------------------- ----------------------
Weighted Weighted
Average Average
Amount Rate Amount Rate
---------- -------- -------- -------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Fixed $ 824,337 6.27% $211,366 6.31%
Adjustable 180,000 5.81 180,000 6.17
---------- --------
TOTAL $1,004,337 6.19% $391,366 6.25%
========== ========
</TABLE>
F-84
<PAGE> 339
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
FHLB advances outstanding at December 31, 1995 will mature as follows (dollars
in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Maturing in
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 Thereafter Total
-------- ------- ------- ------- ------- -------- ----------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Fixed $648,876 $10,000 $58,642 $50,000 $50,000 $ 6,819 $ 824,337
Adjustable -- -- 30,000 -- -- 150,000 180,000
-------- ------- ------- ------- ------- -------- ----------
TOTAL $648,876 $10,000 $88,642 $50,000 $50,000 $156,819 $1,004,337
======== ======= ======= ======= ======= ======== ==========
</TABLE>
The following table presents certain information on FHLB advances for the years
ending December 31, (dollar in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1995 1994 1993
---------- ---------- ----------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Maximum Month-End Outstanding Balance $1,004,337 $1,562,919 $1,638,561
Average Balance Outstanding 492,284 1,044,018 1,578,904
Weighted Average Rate 6.64% 6.62% 8.15%
</TABLE>
NOTE 14: REVERSE REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS
Keystone Holdings enters into reverse repurchase agreements with major brokerage
firms that are primary dealers in government securities. Mortgage-backed
securities underlying certain of the agreements are delivered to the dealers
that arrange the transactions. The dealers may loan these securities to other
parties in the normal course of their operations. The following table presents
information regarding reverse repurchase agreements at December 31, (dollars in
thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Repurchase Recorded(1) Fair Maturity
Underlying Collateral Liability Value Value Date
- --------------------- ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------
1995 1994 1995 1994 1995 1994 1995 1994
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ------- -------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
FHLMC Securities $ 113,171 $ 531,034 $ 113,774 $ 573,558 $ 119,162 $ 553,600 2/1/96 3/20/95
FNMA Securities 2,695,270 1,490,688 2,711,622 1,563,680 2,730,927 1,513,599 1/26/96 3/20/95
Pledged Receivables(2) 1,208,000 1,960,937 1,226,853 2,106,704 1,230,630 2,084,559 5/22/97 6/15/99
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
TOTAL $4,016,441 $3,982,659 $4,052,249 $4,243,942 $4,080,719 $4,151,758
========== ========== ========== ========== ========== ==========
</TABLE>
- ------------------
(1) Recorded value includes accrued interest at December 31.
(2) In July 1994, ASB pledged certain single-family adjustable rate loans as
collateral for reverse repurchase agreements with the Federal Home Loan
Bank.
F-85
<PAGE> 340
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Reverse repurchase agreements outstanding with individual brokers in excess of
ten percent of Keystone Holdings' stockholder's equity at December 31, 1995 are
as follows (dollars in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Weighted Collateral
Average Recorded Recorded Market
Purchasing Party Maturity Value(1) Value(1) Value
- ---------------- -------- -------- -------- ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
DLJ 29 days $ 172,220 $ 176,433 $ 179,059
CS First Boston 33 days 366,168 376,221 325,228
Federal Home Loan Bank 508 days 1,226,853 1,206,500 1,230,630
FNMA 12 days 334,118 342,511 343,666
Goldman Sachs 32 days 672,917 674,362 677,774
Nomura Securities 25 days 330,640 341,574 344,715
Prudential Securities 17 days 266,880 270,036 273,920
Paine Webber 37 days 122,191 126,497 126,355
Salomon Brothers 32 days 325,496 333,555 335,158
UBS Securities 16 days 120,993 125,681 125,052
Smith Barney 32 days 113,774 118,275 119,162
</TABLE>
- ---------------
(1) Recorded value includes accrued interest at December 31, 1995.
The following table presents certain information on reverse repurchase
agreements for the years shown (dollars in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1995 1994 1993
---------- ---------- ----------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Maximum Month-End Outstanding Balance $4,258,600 $3,982,659 $1,101,457
Average Balance Outstanding 4,109,917 2,025,036 628,885
Weighted Average Rate 6.09% 4.68% 3.17%
</TABLE>
NOTE 15: OTHER BORROWED MONEY
Other borrowed money consisted of the following at December 31, (dollars in
thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1995 1994
-------- --------
<S> <C> <C>
Series A Floating Rate Notes due 1997 $ -- $111,000
Series B 9.60% Notes due 1999 169,000 169,000
Series C Floating Rate Notes due 2000 175,000 --
Federal Funds Purchased -- 50,000
Subordinated Notes Due 1998 20,500 20,500
Dollar Roll Agreements 5,915 8,478
Capitalized Leases 560 562
Mortgage Notes Payable Secured by Premises 104 113
-------- --------
TOTAL $371,079 $359,653
======== ========
Weighted average interest rate at end of period 8.41% 7.83%
======== ========
</TABLE>
F-86
<PAGE> 341
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Other borrowed money matures as follows (dollars in thousands):
Year Ending December 31, Amount
1996 $ 5,927
1997 13
1998 105,013
1999 84,514
2000 175,015
Thereafter 597
--------
TOTAL $371,079
========
The following table presents certain information on other borrowed money for the
years ending December 31, (dollars in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1995 1994 1993
-------- -------- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Maximum Month-End Outstanding Balance $380,277 $367,795 $309,050
Average Balance Outstanding 368,477 319,500 301,461
Weighted Average Rate 8.54% 8.06% 8.47%
</TABLE>
On January 14, 1992, New Capital completed its private placement of Series A
Floating Rate Notes due 1997 ("Series A Notes") of $111.0 million and Series B
9.60 percent Notes due 1999 ("Series B Notes") of $169.0 million. Interest on
the Series A Notes accrued at three-month LIBOR plus 2.25 percent and repriced
quarterly. The Series B Notes accrue interest at 9.60 percent over their entire
term. A note purchase agreement (the "Note Purchase Agreement") was executed by
New Capital in connection with the private placement of the Series A and Series
B Notes.
On October 12, 1993, in accordance with a subordinated note purchase agreement
(the "Subordinated Note Agreement"), New Capital issued $20.5 million of
subordinated notes at a discounted price of 97.5 percent of the principal
amount. The subordinated notes accrue interest at a rate equal to three-month
LIBOR plus 2.875 percent. The rate on the subordinated notes wa 8.81 percent at
December 31, 1995. Interest is paid quarterly and the subordinated notes mature
on October 12, 1998.
The Note Purchase Agreement and the Subordinated Note Agreement contain certain
limitations regarding the payment of cash dividends on common or preferred
stock, the reacquisition or issuance of common or preferred stock, additional
borrowings and payments thereon and certain other transactions. New Capital is
in compliance with all such limitations.
On March 23, 1995, New Capital completed the private placement of $175.0 million
of its Series C Floating Rate Notes due April 12, 2000 (the "Series C Notes").
The net proceeds from the issuance of the Series C Notes were used to redeem the
$111.0 million Series A Notes and to fund a $60.0 million capital contribution
from NACH Inc. to ASB. Interest on the Series C Notes accrues at a rate equal to
three-month LIBOR plus 1.375%, reset on a quarterly basis. Interest payments are
made quarterly on January 12, April 12, July 12 and October 12 of each year.
The indenture related to the Series C Notes contains certain covenants that,
among other things, require the maintenance of regulatory capital at ASB and
limit the following: (i) funded indebtedness, (ii) subsidiary funded
indebtedness, (iii) upstream payments, (iv) subsidiary dividends, (v) liens,
(vi) mergers and consolidations, (vii) issuance of subsidiary capital stock,
(viii) transactions with affiliates and (ix) lines of business. New Capital is
in compliance with all such covenants and restrictions.
F-87
<PAGE> 342
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
A redemption notice was provided to holders of the Series A Notes as required by
the Note Purchase Agreement and the redemption was completed on April 12, 1995.
As of March 30, 1995, New Capital irrevocably placed sufficient funds in trust
with its paying agent to satisfy the required principal and interest necessary
to redeem the Series A Notes on their redemption date. As a result, New Capital
recorded the payment of those funds as an in-substance defeasance of the Series
A Notes. The early retirement of the Series A Notes required Keystone Holdings
to write off certain related unamortized debt issuance costs and to mark certain
interest rate cap agreements to market as of March 30, 1995, resulting in a
pre-tax loss on early retirement of debt approximating $2.1 million. The loss
has been included in general and administrative expenses in the accompanying
Consolidated Statements of Earnings.
NOTE 16: EMPLOYEE BENEFIT AND COMPENSATION PLANS
Pension Plan
Effective January 1, 1989, ASB established a defined benefit pension plan (the
"Plan") covering substantially all of its employees. The benefits are based on
each employee's years of service after January 1, 1989, up to a maximum of 30
years and each employee's compensation during the last five years of
participation. All service since the date of hire with either ASB or the Failed
Association is counted for vesting purposes. ASB's funding policy is to ensure
that the Plan meets the minimum funding requirement set forth in the Employee
Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 ("ERISA"). Plan assets include cash
equivalents and mutual funds.
Effective December 31, 1993, the Plan was amended to freeze benefit accruals for
all participants. This event resulted in a curtailment under Statement of
Financial Accounting Standards No. 88 ("SFAS 88"), "Employers' Accounting for
Settlements and Curtailments of Defined Benefit Pension Plans and for
Termination Benefits." ASB realized a nominal gain as a result of the
curtailment.
The Plan was terminated effective June 30, 1995. At the termination date, all
participants' accrued benefits became fully vested. The net assets of the Plan
were allocated as prescribed by the ERISA and the Pension Benefit Guaranty
Corporation (the "PBGC") and their related regulations. All participants
received full benefits. The termination resulted in a settlement under SFAS 88.
ASB recognized a gain of $1.7 million as a result of the settlement. The
majority of the projected benefit obligation was settled in 1995. At December
31, 1995, the Plan had $1.8 million in remaining assets. Ultimate distribution
of these assets is pending IRS approval.
The following table sets forth the Plan's funded status and amounts recorded in
Keystone Holdings' Consolidated Balance Sheet at December 31, 1994 (dollars in
thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1994
----
<S> <C>
ACTUARIAL PRESENT VALUE OF BENEFIT OBLIGATION
Vested Accumulated Benefits $ 5,307
Non-Vested Accumulated Benefits 1,316
-------
TOTAL ACCUMULATED BENEFITS $ 6,623
=======
Projected Benefit Obligation for Service Rendered to Date $ 6,623
Plan Assets at Fair Value 8,035
-------
Projected Benefit Obligation (Less than) in Excess of Plan Assets (1,412)
Unrecognized Net Gain 3,317
-------
PENSION LIABILITY $ 1,905
=======
</TABLE>
F-88
<PAGE> 343
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Assumptions used in determining the actuarial present value of the projected
benefit obligation at December 31, 1994 follows:
<TABLE>
1994
----
<S> <C>
Rate of Return on Plan Assets 8.50%
Discount Rate 8.50%
Rate of Increase in Future Compensation 5.00%
</TABLE>
Net pension (income) cost includes the following components for the years shown
below (dollars in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1995 1994 1993
---- ---- ----
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Service Cost (benefits earned during the period) $ -- $ -- $ 3,162
Interest Cost on Projected Benefit Obligation 594 688 803
Actual Return on Plan Assets (896) 152 (840)
Net Amortization and Deferral 78 (896) 233
----- ----- -------
NET PERIODIC PENSION (INCOME) COST $(224) $ (56) $ 3,358
===== ===== =======
</TABLE>
Savings Plan
ASB has established a savings plan for its employees that allows participants to
make contributions by salary deduction equal to 14.0 percent or less of their
salaries, pursuant to Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code. All regular
employees of ASB, other than collective bargaining and temporary employees are
immediately eligible to participate in the Plan. ASB matches an employee's
contributions up to a maximum 4.0 percent of the employee's salary. Employee
contributions vest immediately; ASB's partial matching contributions vest over
five years. ASB's contributions to the savings plan in 1995, 1994 and 1993 were
$4.2 million, $4.4 million and $3.1 million, respectively.
Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan
ASB implemented a Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan ("SERP") in 1990. The
SERP is a non-qualified, noncontributory, defined benefit plan where benefits
are paid to certain officers using a target percentage which is based upon the
number of years of service with ASB. This percentage is applied to the
participant's average annual earnings for the highest three out of the final ten
years of employment. These benefits are reduced to the extent a participant
receives benefits from the defined benefit pension plan. The expense for the
SERP was $1.6 million, $1.9 million and $1.2 million in 1995, 1994 and 1993,
respectively.
Phantom Share Plan
In 1990, ASB implemented the Phantom Share Plan (the "PSP") for the benefit of
certain of its officers. The PSP provides a long-term financial performance
incentive to its participants. Participants in the PSP are granted phantom
shares (units of value), the value of which is determined similar to that of
actual equity securities. The PSP calls for the immediate exercisability and
cashing out in the event of a change of control of Keystone Holdings or any of
its subsidiaries. In the case of an initial public offering, the phantom shares
are converted into stock options. ASB did not record any costs for the PSP in
1995 and 1994.
Executive Short-Term Incentive Plan
ASB has established a Short-Term Incentive Plan ("STI") for the benefit of
certain of its executives. The STI provides a short-term incentive to its
participants based upon the achievement of both overall company and individual
performance goals. The expense for the STI was $3.2 million, $2.2 million and
$3.0 million in 1995, 1994 and 1993, respectively.
F-89
<PAGE> 344
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
NOTE 17: FEDERAL AND STATE INCOME TAXES
The Tax Sharing Agreement between Keystone Holdings and its subsidiaries is
generally patterned after provisions in the Internal Revenue Code and requires
Keystone Holdings' subsidiaries to make quarterly payments of their estimated
tax liabilities and tax sharing dividends based on analyzing income, as
adjusted. The excess of the amounts paid to Keystone Holdings under the Tax
Sharing Agreement over the sum of (a) the current portion of the provision for
income taxes and (b) the provision for payments in lieu of taxes (see Note 18,
"Payments in Lieu of Taxes") is recorded as a tax sharing dividend.
Keystone Holdings' taxable income (loss) and earnings before taxes for the years
ended December 31, follows (dollars in millions):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1995 1994 1993
------- ------- -------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Taxable Income (Loss) $ 128.5 $ (31.0) $ (944.6)
Earnings Before Taxes 118.2 73.8 104.0
</TABLE>
Pursuant to the terms of the closing agreement entered into with the Internal
Revenue Service in connection with the Acquisition, New West was treated as a
nominee of ASB until the balance of the New West Note fell below $250.0 million
(the "Unwind Date," which occurred on October 24, 1995). Accordingly, beginning
on the Unwind Date, New West was treated as a separate entity for federal income
and California franchise tax purposes and is no longer a nominee of ASB. Tax
benefits that may be generated by any future losses of New West will not reduce
the taxes of ASB; however, there is no effect on the benefits of utilizing the
existing significant tax loss carryovers.
Current and deferred income taxes are allocated among the members of the
Keystone Group as if each company were filing a separate tax return. In ASB's
case, this computation considers the losses generated by ASB's nominee, New
West, prior to the Unwind Date.
As of December 31, 1995, Keystone Holdings' net deferred tax asset was $112.6
million. In order to fully realize the net deferred tax asset, Keystone Holdings
will need to generate future taxable income of approximately $672.1 million
prior to the expiration of its tax net operating losses, which begin to expire
in 2004. Based on Keystone Holdings' history of prior operating earnings and
expectations for the future, management believes it is more likely than not that
Keystone Holdings will realize the recorded benefit of $112.6 million through
use of net operating loss carryovers existing at December 31, 1995.
In determining the possible future realization of deferred tax assets
attributable to net operating loss carryovers, GAAP requires that future taxable
income from the following sources be taken into account: (a) the reversal of
taxable temporary differences, (b) future operations exclusive of reversing
temporary differences and (c) tax-planning strategies that, if necessary, would
be implemented to accelerate taxable income into years in which net operating
losses might otherwise expire. Keystone Holdings' management has taken these
sources of future taxable income into account in determining the amount of the
net deferred tax asset.
F-90
<PAGE> 345
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Income taxes (benefit) attributable to income from continuing operations for the
years shown are set forth below (dollars in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1995 1994 1993
-------- -------- ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
CURRENT
Federal $ 3,471 $ 766 $ --
State 931 955 --
-------- -------- ---------
CURRENT INCOME TAXES 4,402 1,721 --
DEFERRED
Federal 784 (42,840) (55,492)
State 6,330 (5,401) 39,286
-------- -------- ---------
7,114 (48,241) (16,206)
Change in Net Deferred Tax Asset Before Valuation
Allowance due to Change in Tax Laws and Rate -- -- 121,034
Change in Valuation Allowance (7,114) 48,241 (107,658)
-------- -------- ---------
DEFERRED INCOME TAXES (BENEFIT) -- -- (2,830)
-------- -------- ---------
TOTAL INCOME TAXES (BENEFIT) $ 4,402 $ 1,721 $ (2,830)
======== ======== =========
</TABLE>
Keystone Holdings' effective tax rate differs from the statutory federal tax
rate as set forth below for the years shown (dollars in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1995 1994 1993
-------------------- -------------------- -------------------
Balance Rate Balance Rate Balance Rate
------- ---- ------- ---- ------- ----
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
STATUTORY FEDERAL INCOME TAX
PROVISION AND RATE $ 41,364 35.0% $ 25,845 35.0% $ 36,392 35.0%
INCREASE (DECREASE) DUE TO:
Utilization of Current Tax
Losses of Nominee, New West (17,482) (14.8) (55,100) (74.6) (90,136) (86.7)
Change in Net Deferred Tax Asset
Before Valuation Allowance due
to Change in Tax Laws and Rate -- -- -- -- 121,034 116.4
State Franchise Tax net of Federal Tax Benefit 3,899 3.3 (2,890) (3.9) 39,286 37.8
Increase in Base Year Reserve Amount (16,318) (13.8) (11,605) (15.7) -- --
Change in Valuation Allowance (7,114) (6.0) 48,241 65.3 (107,658) (103.5)
Other, net 53 -- (2,770) (3.8) (1,748) (1.7)
-------- ----- -------- ----- --------- -----
EFFECTIVE INCOME TAX PROVISION AND RATE $ 4,402 3.7% $ 1,721 2.3% $ (2,830) (2.7)%
======== ===== ======== ===== ========= =====
</TABLE>
F-91
<PAGE> 346
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions
of deferred income taxes at December 31, are presented below (dollars in
thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1995 1994
----------- -----------
<S> <C> <C>
COMPONENTS OF THE DEFERRED TAX ASSET
Purchase Accounting $ 29,025 $ 40,319
Net Operating Loss Carryforwards 1,632,230 1,690,939
Provision for Losses on Loans and Real Estate 44,764 67,829
Other 40,057 33,941
----------- -----------
Total 1,746,076 1,833,028
VALUATION ALLOWANCE (1,150,206) (1,157,320)
----------- -----------
DEFERRED TAX ASSET, NET OF VALUATION ALLOWANCE 595,870 675,708
----------- -----------
COMPONENTS OF DEFERRED TAX LIABILITY
Tax Bad Debt Reserve (449,137) (526,706)
Purchase Accounting (3,648) (4,500)
Other (30,489) (31,906)
----------- -----------
DEFERRED TAX LIABILITY (483,274) (563,112)
----------- -----------
DEFERRED TAX ASSET, NET $ 112,596 $ 112,596
=========== ===========
</TABLE>
The valuation allowances of $1.2 billion at December 31, 1995 and 1994, include
$130.6 million and $270.2 million, respectively, related to payments in lieu of
taxes that will arise from the realization of the net deferred tax asset. These
valuation allowances represent the excess of the gross deferred tax asset over
the sum of the taxes and the payments in lieu of taxes related to projected
future taxable income, reversing taxable temporary differences and tax planning
strategies. The decline in the valuation allowance of $7.1 million during the
year ended December 31, 1995 was primarily attributable to a greater than
anticipated utilization of the beginning balance of the deferred tax asset. The
increase in the valuation allowance of $48.2 million during the year ended
December 31, 1994 reflects management's estimate of the benefit Keystone would
ultimately receive from the utilization of losses from the operations of ASB's
nominee, New West. While the Revenue Reconciliation Act of 1993 increased the
federal tax rate, it also significantly reduced, retroactively to March 4, 1991,
losses and deductions attributable to ASB's nominee, New West. This resulted in
a reduction in the deferred tax asset with a corresponding change in the related
valuation allowance for the year ended December 31, 1993.
The enactment in 1993 of certain federal tax legislation had the effect of
retroactively disallowing certain losses and bad debt deductions arising from
assets of New West. As a result, Keystone Holdings reduced its gross deferred
tax asset and the related valuation allowance by $155.0 million.
Also during 1993, California enacted legislation reducing the net operating loss
carryforward period from 15 years to ten years for losses incurred prior to 1994
relating to assets acquired in a tax-free reorganization under Internal Revenue
Code Section 368(a)(1)(G). This change had a negligible impact on the valuation
allowance.
At December 31, 1995, Keystone Holdings has the following federal income tax net
operating loss carryforwards which expire under current law during the years
indicated (dollars in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Amount
------
<S> <C>
2004 $1,641,595
2005 784,196
2006 701,008
2007 105,825
2008 625,887
2009 37,460
----------
TOTAL $3,895,971
==========
</TABLE>
F-92
<PAGE> 347
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Keystone Holdings also has alternative minimum tax credit carryovers of
approximately $4.2 million as of December 31, 1995 which are available to reduce
future regular federal income taxes.
Savings institutions are permitted a special bad debt deduction computed under
the percentage of taxable income method or the experience method, whichever is
more beneficial. The percentage of taxable income method is approximately 8.0
percent of taxable income, subject to certain limitations. Under the experience
method, a savings institution's bad debt deduction is computed based on actual
loan loss experience. Due to the significant tax net operating losses generated
by ASB's tax nominee, New West, prior to the Unwind Date, coupled with the
actual loan loss experience of New West deemed attributable to ASB for tax
purposes under the agreements executed in connection with the Acquisition, bad
debt deductions of ASB are computed using the experience method.
A deferred tax liability is not required to be recognized for the amount of the
tax bad debt reserve arising in years beginning before 1988 (the "base year
reserve amount") unless it becomes apparent that it will reverse in the
foreseeable future. At December 31, 1995 the base year reserve amount was
approximately $225.6 million. The Consolidated Financial Statements do not
include a tax liability of $24.4 million related to the base year reserve amount
as these reserves are not expected to reverse until indefinite future periods or
may never reverse. Circumstances that would require an accrual of all or a
portion of this unrecorded tax liability include the failure to meet the tax
definition of a savings institution or a reduction in qualifying loan levels.
The 1988, 1989 and 1990 tax returns of Keystone Holdings have been examined by
the Internal Revenue Service.
NOTE 18: PAYMENTS IN LIEU OF TAXES
The Assistance Agreement generally provides that 75.0 percent of most of the
federal tax savings and approximately 19.5 percent of most of the California tax
savings (as computed in accordance with the Assistance Agreement) attributable
to ASB's utilization of any current tax losses or tax loss carryovers of New
West are to be paid by Keystone Holdings for the benefit of the FRF. The
Assistance Agreement sets forth certain special adjustments to federal taxable
income to arrive at "FSLIC taxable income." The principal adjustments
effectively permit ASB (a) to recognize loan fees ratably over seven years
adjusted for loan dispositions, (b) to treat the income and expenses of NACH
Inc. and New Capital as income and expenses of ASB, and (c) for years ending on
or before December 31, 1994, to recognize approximately 36.0 percent of the
amortization of the market-to-market adjustment attributable to the acquired
loan portfolio.
At December 31, the provision (benefit) for payments in lieu of taxes consisted
of the following (dollars in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1995 1994 1993
------ ----- -------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
PROVISION (BENEFIT) FOR PAYMENTS IN LIEU OF TAXES
State $3,450 $(137) $ 327
Federal 4,437 (687) 13,748
------ ----- -------
TOTAL $7,887 $(824) $14,075
====== ===== =======
</TABLE>
NOTE 19: MINORITY INTEREST
New Capital's $80.0 million cumulative redeemable preferred stock ("Preferred
Stock") was issued to three investment partnerships, two of whom share
substantially common ownership with KHP (the holder of Keystone Holdings' common
stock). The two investment partnerships received $75.0 million of the $80.0
million of Preferred Stock issued. Due to substantially common ownership, the
$75.0 million of Preferred Stock was previously presented in Keystone Holdings'
Consolidated Financial Statements as "Additional Paid-In Capital". The
F-93
<PAGE> 348
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
remaining $5.0 million of Preferred Stock, owned by an unrelated investment
partnership, has been presented as a minority interest.
Effective August 1, 1995, the three investment partnerships sold all of the
Preferred Stock to an unrelated party. Due to that sale, all of the Preferred
Stock is presented as a minority interest in Keystone Holdings' Consolidated
Financial Statements as of December 31, 1995.
"Other Capital Distributions" in the Consolidated Statement of Stockholder's
Equity represents dividends on the Preferred Stock paid (prior to August 1,
1995) to the two investment partnerships that share substantially common
ownership with Keystone Holdings Partners, L.P. "Other Capital Reductions" in
the Consolidated Statement of Stockholder's Equity represents the $75.0 million
reduction in Keystone Holdings' consolidated stockholder's equity due to the
sale of the Preferred Stock by the investment partnerships.
On the Effective Date, the FSLIC received the Warrants entitling the holder
thereof to purchase, for a nominal price, 3,000 shares of NACH Inc. Class B
Common Stock, subject to certain adjustments, at any time after the earlier of
December 28, 1998 or a decision by NACH Inc. to file a registration statement
under the Securities Act of 1933 in respect of a secondary public offering of
its securities. The Warrants expire by their terms on December 28, 1999, but may
be extended to December 28, 2003 in certain circumstances. Holders of the
Warrants will also have certain rights upon liquidation of NACH Inc., or any of
its subsidiaries. The Warrants were valued as of the Effective Date by an
Independent Financial Advisor, based on certain assumptions, and have been
recorded at their ascribed value of $167.0 million on the books of NACH Inc..
Prior to the repayment of the New West Note in October 1995, the $167.0 million
value ascribed to the Warrants was offset against the balance of the New West
Note pursuant to guidance provided by Consensus No. 88-19 of the Emerging Issues
Task Force of the Financial Accounting Standards Board. Subsequent to the
repayment of the New West Note, the $167.0 million Warrant value is included in
the balance of Minority Interest on the Consolidated Balance Sheets of Keystone
Holdings.
The holder of the Warrants issued by NACH Inc. is entitled to receive 30 percent
of common dividends from NACH Inc. after satisfaction of the exclusive right of
the common stock to receive the first $500.0 million in common dividends. Tax
sharing dividends are not subject to the $500.0 million preference. In addition,
the common stock is entitled to receive a 1.4 percent preferential return.
In June 1993, the cumulative net earnings of NACH Inc. net of tax sharing
dividends and the 1.4 percent preferential return amount exceeded $500.0
million. Keystone Holdings records only 70.0 percent of such amounts earned in
excess of the $500.0 million preference as equity in earnings of subsidiaries.
The amount of earnings attributable to the Warrant holder are shown in the
Consolidated Financial Statements as minority interest in earnings of
consolidated subsidiaries.
NOTE 20: STOCKHOLDER'S EQUITY
Dividend Restrictions and Capital Levels
ASB's primary regulator is the Office of Thrift Supervision ("OTS"). OTS
regulations impose limitations upon all "capital distributions" by savings
associations, including cash dividends, payments to repurchase or otherwise
acquire an institution's shares, payments to shareholders of another institution
in a cash-out merger and other distributions charged against capital of savings
associations. All dividends paid by ASB have complied with these limitations.
Savings institutions are categorized into one of three tiers by the OTS based
upon each institution's compliance with capital requirements and level of OTS
supervisory concern. Tier 1 savings institutions have capital, both before and
after a proposed distribution, greater than or equal to the fully phased-in
capital requirement applicable on December 31, 1995, and have not been notified
of being in need of more than normal supervision. These institutions may make
capital distributions, after thirty days prior notice to the OTS Director,
during a calendar year
F-94
<PAGE> 349
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
up to the higher of 100.0 percent of net earnings to date during such year plus
an amount equal to 50.0 percent of capital in excess of the fully phased-in
capital requirement as of the beginning of the year or 75.0 percent of its net
earnings for the most recent four quarters. ASB is a Tier 1 institution. Tier 2
savings institutions have capital, both before and after a proposed
distribution, greater than or equal to the minimum capital required or would
otherwise be a Tier 1 institution except for notification of supervisory
concerns. These institutions may make capital distributions, after notice to the
OTS Director, during a calendar year between 75.0 percent and 25.0 percent of
net earnings to date depending upon how close the institution is to meeting its
fully phased-in capital requirement. Tier 1 and Tier 2 institutions can make
additional distributions after OTS approval. Tier 3 institutions do not meet
their capital requirements and cannot make capital distributions without prior
OTS approval.
OTS regulations also prohibit savings institutions from making any capital
distribution or paying any management fees to any person controlling the
institution if after the distribution or payment the institution's capital would
be less than any of the following requirements: (a) a risk-based capital ratio
of 8.0 percent, (b) a core capital to risk-adjusted assets ratio of 4.0
percent, (c) a core capital to adjusted total assets ratio of 4.0 percent, and
(d) any specific capital level for any capital measure in any written agency
capital directive to which the institution is subject. ASB's capital has
exceeded these standards throughout the periods covered by the Consolidated
Financial Statements.
In addition, pursuant to the Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery and
Enforcement Act of 1989 ("FIRREA"), ASB is required to meet certain minimum
regulatory tangible, core and risk-based capital requirements. The Federal
Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act of 1991 ("FDICIA") further
expanded the capital requirements promulgated by FIRREA. At December 31, 1995
and 1994, ASB met all current and fully-phased in capital requirements.
New Capital is subject to the restrictions and limitations provided for in the
Note Purchase Agreement, the Subordinated Note Agreement and the Series C Note
Indenture. See Note 15, "Other Borrowed Money." Under the terms of the Note
Purchase Agreement and the Subordinated Note Agreement, New Capital cannot pay
dividends on its preferred stock or common stock unless its consolidated net
worth exceeds $375.0 million. As long as New Capital's consolidated net worth
exceeds $375.0 million, it can make restricted payments if the cumulative
restricted payments do not exceed the sum of (i) $30.0 million, (ii) the
proceeds from certain capital contributions and (iii) 50.0 percent of the
cumulative adjusted net earnings (as defined in the agreements) of New Capital.
The percentage limitation applied to cumulative adjusted net earnings is
increased to 65.0 percent as long as New Capital's consolidated net worth after
the proposed restricted payments exceeds $475.0 million. As of December 31,
1995, New Capital's consolidated net worth was $653.4 million and the 65.0
percent limitation was in effect. Under the terms of the Series C Note
Indenture, New Capital may pay dividends and make other capital distributions
("Upstream Payments") to the extent that it has the capacity to incur an
additional dollar of funded indebtedness (as defined in the Series C Indenture)
after the proposed Upstream Payment. Based on the most restrictive of New
Capital's debt covenants, as of December 31, 1995, New Capital would have been
permitted to make up to $55.8 million in dividend or other restricted payments.
NOTE 21: INTEREST RATE RISK MANAGEMENT
General
Keystone Holdings enters into interest rate risk management transactions that
involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit and interest-rate risk. Exposure
to credit risk generally arises from the nonperformance of counterparties or
their inability to meet contractual terms. Keystone Holdings' policy is to enter
into interest-rate risk management agreements only with large commercial banks,
the FHLB and primary dealers. The collateral supporting the financial
instruments are typically liquid assets such as mortgage-backed securities and
loans. Keystone Holdings further manages its credit risk through the
underwriting of investments and the establishment of credit approvals, credit
limits and the ongoing monitoring of the counterparties. Interest rate and
market risks arising from these transactions are managed through the use of
established transaction size limitations, a specific approval process for each
transaction and ongoing monitoring of risk positions. Keystone Holdings does not
enter into speculative positions.
F-95
<PAGE> 350
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Interest Rate Exchange Agreements
Keystone Holdings utilizes swaps to limit interest-rate risk or modify terms of
certain interest-sensitive assets and liabilities. At December 31, 1995 and
1994, Keystone Holdings held $1.5 billion and $1.9 billion, respectively, in
swap positions. The following is a summary of the open swap positions, which are
generally based on one, three and six-month LIBOR (dollars in millions):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Term to Maturity
Notional Fair Weighted Average Rate In Years
--------------------- ---------------------
Amount Value Commences Receive Pay Original Remaining
-------- ----- --------- ------- ------ -------- ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
December 31, 1995
Floating Payment $100 $13.3 1990 8.95% 6.01% 10.0 4.3
Floating Payment 225 3.6 1991 8.05 6.04 5.0 0.6
Fixed Payment 135 (4.6) 1992 5.90 6.87 5.0 1.3
Fixed Payment 782 (33.9) 1993 5.99 7.34 4.6 2.1
Fixed Payment 255 (0.7) 1994 6.05 5.84 2.4 0.5
Fixed Payment 20 (0.2) 1995 5.93 6.54 1.9 1.5
</TABLE>
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Notional Fair Weighted Average Rate In Years
--------------------- ---------------------
Amount Value Commences Receive Pay Original Remaining
-------- ----- --------- ------- ------ -------- ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
December 31, 1994
Floating Payment $100 $ 4.0 1990 9.03% 5.79% 10.1 5.4
Floating Payment 225 0.4 1991 8.05 5.68 5.0 1.6
Floating Payment 250 (2.9) 1993 4.00 6.15 1.5 0.3
Fixed Payment 168 4.0 1992 6.00 6.84 4.9 2.2
Fixed Payment 946 8.9 1993 5.77 7.52 4.5 3.0
Fixed Payment 195 5.6 1994 5.71 5.90 2.6 1.6
</TABLE>
Interest Rate Protection Agreements
Interest rate protection agreements entitle the purchaser, in exchange for the
payment of a premium, to receive variable interest payments if the index exceeds
an agreed upon interest rate ("cap rate"). Keystone Holdings' cap positions are
indexed based upon one or three-month LIBOR or one-month COFI. Shown below are
the interest rate protection agreements held by Keystone Holdings at the dates
indicated (dollars in millions):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31,
-------------------------------
1995 1994
---- ----
<S> <C> <C>
Notional Amount $ 7,224 $ 1,885
Unamortized Premium $ 18 $ 17
Estimated Market Value $ (0.6) $ 21
Weighted Average Maturity 1.9 yrs 4.6 yrs
Weighted Average Original Term 2.2 yrs 5.9 yrs
Weighted Average Cap Rate 7.69% 8.46%
One-Month LIBOR at December 31, 5.69% 5.94%
Three-Month LIBOR at December 31, 5.63% 6.44%
One-Month COFI at December 31, 5.12% 4.19%
</TABLE>
For the years ended December 31, 1995 and 1994, the index did not exceed the cap
rates and Keystone Holdings did not receive any payments under these agreements.
To further manage interest rate risk, Keystone Holdings entered into interest
rate collar agreements (caps and floors) during 1995 which are effective January
1996. The collars have a notional amount of $5.0 billion, a three-month LIBOR
index and a weighted average maturity of one year.
F-96
<PAGE> 351
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Forward Sales
Keystone Holdings uses forward sales of financial instruments to lock in prices
on similar types and coupons of financial instruments and thereby limit market
risk until these financial instruments are sold. See Note 23, "Commitments and
Contingencies - Loan Commitments."
The following table summarizes the open positions at the dates indicated
(dollars in millions):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31,
-------------------
1995 1994
---- ----
<S> <C> <C>
MORTGAGE POOL SECURITIES
Notional Amount $ 97 $ 7
Deferred Loss $ (1) $ --
Weighted Average Maturity 25 days 33 days
Weighted Average Coupon 6.61% 8.40%
</TABLE>
Financial Futures and Options
Financial futures and options contracts may be used to limit risk from declining
interest rates or to protect against rising interest rates; however, during 1995
and 1994 Keystone Holdings did not purchase any futures or option contracts.
NOTE 22: FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
The following disclosure of the estimated fair values of financial instruments
is made in accordance with the requirements of the Statement of Financial
Accounting Standards No. 107, "Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial
Instruments." The estimated fair value amounts have been determined using
available market information and appropriate valuation methodologies. However,
considerable judgment is necessarily required to interpret market data to
develop the estimates of fair value. Accordingly, the estimates presented herein
are not necessarily indicative of the amounts that could be realized in a
current market exchange. The use of different market assumptions or estimation
methodologies may have a material effect on the estimated fair value amounts.
F-97
<PAGE> 352
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The estimated fair values of Keystone Holdings' financial instruments at
December 31, are as follows (dollars in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1995 1994
---------------------------- ----------------------------
Recorded Fair Recorded Fair
Amount Value Amount Value
--------- ----- -------- ------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
FINANCIAL ASSETS:
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Other Investments $ 827,617 $ 827,610 $ 561,215 $ 561,203
New West Note -- -- 1,515,040 1,667,405
Mortgage-Backed Securities 6,952,047 7,020,890 3,027,547 3,019,763
Receivables from Affiliates 1,357 1,357 1,282 1,282
Receivables, Net of Allowance for Credit Losses 11,175,031 11,517,125 12,643,590 12,255,376
Excess Servicing Fees Receivable 17,508 22,963 19,723 20,727
FINANCIAL LIABILITIES:
Deposits 13,005,029 13,136,945 12,815,489 12,764,187
Federal Home Loan Bank Advances 1,004,337 1,018,398 391,366 389,399
Reverse Repurchase Agreements 4,016,441 4,017,245 3,982,659 3,982,649
Other Borrowings 371,079 382,498 359,653 357,416
OFF-BALANCE SHEET NET UNREALIZED GAINS (LOSSES):
Interest Rate Protection and Exchange Agreements -- (22,965) -- 40,341
Outstanding Loan Commitments Written -- 50 -- (14)
Commitments to Sell or Purchase Mortgage Loans -- (931) -- (7)
</TABLE>
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Other Investments
The fair values of cash and cash equivalents, federal funds sold, and investment
in FHLB stock approximate the recorded values reported in the balance sheets.
The fair values of investment securities and repurchase agreements are based on
quoted market prices.
New West Note
In January 1995, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ("FDIC") offered to
pay down the remaining principal balance of the New West Note at par. Therefore,
the fair value of the New West Note at December 31, 1994 represented the at par
offer by the FDIC as it was the best indication of the current fair value.
Keystone Holdings agreed with the FDIC in October 1995 to allow prepayment of
the remaining balance of the New West Note. On October 24, 1995, ASB received
the remaining principal balance of the New West Note of $505.3 million, plus
interest. See Note 8, "New West Note".
Mortgage-backed Securities
The fair value of mortgage-backed securities is based on quoted market prices,
yield spreads or dealer quotations from secondary market sources, adjusted for
excess mortgage servicing rights for mortgage-backed securities issued before
January 1, 1995 and originated mortgage servicing rights for mortgage-backed
securities issued on or after January 1, 1995 on wholesale loans that were
obtained from secondary market sources.
Loans Receivable
For purposes of calculating the fair value of loans receivable, loans were
segregated by type, such as residential mortgages, income property loans,
consumer and other receivables. Each loan category was further segregated
between those with fixed interest rates and those with adjustable interest
rates. ARMs are grouped based upon index, repricing terms and other relevant
terms.
F-98
<PAGE> 353
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
For all mortgage loans, fair value is estimated using discounted cash flow
analyses. Discount rates are based on secondary market quotations for similar
loan types adjusted for differences in credit and servicing characteristics. For
adjustable-rate mortgages in particular, a multiple scenario analysis is used to
measure the impact interest rate caps have on fair value.
Excess Servicing Fees Receivable
The fair value of excess servicing fees receivable is estimated using projected
cash flows, adjusted for the effects of anticipated prepayments, using a market
discount rate.
Deposits
The fair values of passbook accounts, demand deposits, and certain money market
deposits are assumed to be the recorded amounts at the reporting date. The fair
value of term accounts is based on projected contractual cash flows discounted
at rates currently offered for deposits of similar maturities. Core deposit
intangibles are not included.
Federal Home Loan Bank Advances and Other Borrowings
The fair values of fixed and adjustable rate FHLB advances are estimated by
discounting contractual cash flows using discount rates that reflect current
FHLB borrowing rates for similar advances.
Other borrowings include securities and loans sold under agreements to
repurchase, Series A, B and C Notes, subordinated notes and mortgages payable
secured by premises. The fair value of other borrowings is calculated based on a
discounted cash flow analysis. The cash flows are discounted using approximated
maturity matched rates for comparable instruments.
Off-Balance Sheet Financial Instruments
Off-balance sheet items include interest rate caps, collars, corridors and swaps
used for hedging purposes. Swap values are determined using dealer quotations,
when available, or a discounted cash flow calculation whereby existing positions
are discounted using rates that reflect current spreads on swaps with similar
terms. Fair value of caps, collars and corridors are calculated using a multiple
scenario analysis when dealer quotations are not available. The fair values
represent the estimated amounts that Keystone Holdings would receive or pay to
terminate the existing agreements at the reporting date. Other off-balance sheet
financial instruments include outstanding loan commitments written, recourse
obligations on receivables sold, and commitments to sell or purchase mortgage
loans. The fair values of these instruments are determined using current
estimated replacement costs.
NOTE 23: COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Lease Commitments
ASB conducts a major portion of its operations through leased facilities,
primarily branch offices. These leases are primarily operating leases and
contain options to renew at current market rates. Most leases contain escalation
clauses based upon operating costs or the consumer price index. Management
believes that in the normal course of business a majority of the leases will be
renewed or replaced by other leases. At December 31, 1995, minimum commitments
under noncancelable leases are set forth below (dollars in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Contractual Maturity
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 Thereafter Total
------- ------ ------- ------- -------- ----------- -------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
BALANCE $ 9,524 $9,007 $ 7,815 $ 6,701 $ 5,673 $ 25,419 $64,139
======= ====== ======= ======= ======== =========== =======
</TABLE>
F-99
<PAGE> 354
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Also, see discussion relating to purchase of Irvine Plaza buildings and land at
Note 9 "Premises and Equipment." Total rent expense was $13.1 million, $18.8
million and $18.5 million for the years ending December 31, 1995, 1994 and 1993,
respectively.
Loan Commitments
At December 31, Keystone Holdings has the following commitments outstanding
(dollars in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1995 1994
-------- --------
<S> <C> <C>
Commitments to Originate Adjustable Receivables $258,079 $529,064
Commitments to Originate Fixed Receivables 102,046 1,306
Commitments to Sell Receivables 126,501 6,683
Commitments to Purchase Mortgage-Backed Securities -- 9,234
</TABLE>
In December 1992, ASB issued a $5.7 million irrevocable letter of credit
(expiring no later than December 17, 2002). This letter of credit serves to
ensure the timely payment of principal and interest on a loan made by the City
of Modesto, California. This loan is secured by a first trust deed on an
apartment complex in Modesto. At December 31, 1995, this letter of credit had
not been drawn upon. As part of the reimbursement agreement supporting the
letter of credit, ASB obtained a $5.7 million standby letter of credit from the
FHLB.
Litigation
Keystone Holdings is a defendant in various legal actions that arise out of the
normal course of business. In the opinion of management, the probable liability
resulting from these suits, individually or in the aggregate, is unlikely to
have a material effect on Keystone Holdings.
ASB has been named as a party in a variety of actions arising out of the
development of a 48-unit residential condominium project located in Long Beach,
California. The Failed Association had foreclosed on a loan secured by the
project in 1984 and completed construction. All 48 units in the project were
then sold, most with financing supplied by the Failed Association; one of these
loans was later refinanced by ASB. The loans issued by the Failed Association,
to the extent still outstanding, are now owned directly by the FDIC. The claims
in the actions include allegations of design and construction defects, as a
result of the alleged location of the project on a solid waste landfill, and
claims for relief under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act and the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act. Although
the claimed damages are substantial, ASB has received indemnification from the
FDIC for claims other than those relating to the loan refinanced by ASB. ASB
settled that claim in 1995 by a release of the loan for a discounted payoff.
As part of the administration and oversight of the Assistance Agreement, the
FDIC has a variety of review and audit rights, including the right to review and
audit computations of payments in lieu of taxes. At the present time, Keystone
Holdings and its affiliated parties are completing a settlement with the FDIC
for all periods through June 30, 1994. Under the terms of a proposed settlement,
Keystone Holdings and its affiliated parties and the FDIC will mutually settle
and release all claims in consideration of certain nominal payments. Keystone
Holdings has received no notice of any issues arising after June 30, 1994.
Acquisition Structure
In the ordinary course of business, a variety of interpretive differences have
arisen between ASB and its affiliated entities on the one hand and the
government agencies responsible for administering the agreements entered into in
connection with the Acquisition (principally the FDIC) (the "Acquisition
Agreements") on the other. These differences (some of which involved amounts
material to ASB) have been addressed both through negotiation and through
arbitration without a material impact on ASB. Management expects that the
administration of the Acquisition Agreements will continue to raise issues as to
which ASB and its affiliates, may have views different from those of the FDIC.
The prepayment of the balance of the New West Note, which occurred on October
24,
F-100
<PAGE> 355
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
1995, will implicate various provisions of the Acquisition Agreements that have
not previously been the subject of interpretation by the parties. Management
does not believe that any disputes that may continue to arise relating to the
Acquisition Agreements will have a material adverse effect on ASB.
NOTE 24: SIGNIFICANT EVENT
Restructuring
On June 30, 1993, ASB, AREG, certain of ASB's holding companies and New West
entered into a transaction (the "Restructuring") with the FDIC as manager of the
FRF and the RTC, pursuant to which New West transferred most of its real
estate-related assets (the "Transferred Assets") to a new partnership, Brazos
Partners, L.P. ("Brazos Partners"). Also, as a result of the Restructuring,
AREG's agreement to manage the real estate assets of New West was terminated and
ASB modified and restated its management agreement (the "Restated Management
Agreement") with New West to cover management of all assets and liabilities
retained by New West (respectively, the "Retained Assets" and "Retained
Liabilities").
Pursuant to the Restated Management Agreement, ASB is responsible for all
post-June 30, 1993 management functions associated with the remaining operations
of New West. The Restated Management Agreement provides identical
indemnifications and virtually the same management standards, exculpations,
covenants and level of FDIC oversight, as contained in ASB's prior management
agreement.
At the closing of the Restructuring, NACH Inc. received a non-recourse,
subordinated note (the "Investor Note") in the aggregate principal amount of
$20.0 million, along with $3.0 million in cash from certain entities that are
investors in Brazos Partners (the "Investor Entities"). These were delivered to
NACH Inc. in exchange for the transfer to the Investor Entities of certain
rights related to the existing management agreements distributed by ASB to NACH
Inc. immediately prior thereto. As a result of this transaction, NACH Inc.
recorded a gain of $23.0 million in 1993.
Payments on the Investor Note were made out of 18.1 percent of all
non-liquidating distributions to the Investor Entities and, after payment of
$72.4 million of senior indebtedness owed to the FDIC, out of 100.0 percent of
liquidating distributions. The note accrued interest at 12.0 percent per annum
and was secured by a second priority lien on the respective interests of the
Investor Entities in Brazos Partners. NACH Inc. had agreed that all payments of
principal and interest received with respect to the Investor Note would be
contributed by NACH Inc. to the capital of ASB. The Investor Note due to NACH
Inc. was completely repaid in 1994.
With respect to loans or real estate owned ("REO") that qualify for Modified FRF
Assistance and certain categories of loans serviced by others ("LSBOs") that
would have previously qualified to be "put" to New West, ASB and its holding
companies will also receive indemnification from the FDIC with respect to
liabilities incurred in connection with third-party claims relating to the
ownership or management by ASB thereof (other than claims resulting from ASB's
gross negligence or willful misconduct). These indemnification rights end upon
termination of the Assistance Agreement (expected to be December 28, 1998),
except that certain environmental indemnities will continue for longer periods.
After the Restructuring, certain assistance and indemnification payments by the
FDIC to ASB will accrue interest at 175 basis points above the COFI from the
date ASB records the amount until paid at the end of each quarter.
In connection with the Restructuring, the Keystone Group received a closing
agreement from the Internal Revenue Service concluding that the closing
agreement received in 1988 remains in effect. Therefore, losses generated by New
West may continue to offset income of ASB for federal income tax purposes, and
the Keystone Group will continue to benefit from a reduction of its federal
income tax. No additional rulings or opinion letters were sought from the
California Franchise Tax Board; however, management believes that the Keystone
Group may continue to rely on its earlier opinion letters so that New West's
losses will continue to offset income of ASB for California franchise tax
purposes.
F-101
<PAGE> 356
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Provisions of the 1988 Assistance Agreement that impose restrictions on the uses
of the tax sharing payments made to Keystone Holdings by its subsidiaries were
modified to allow those payments to be contributed as capital to ASB under
certain circumstances (including Keystone Holdings' passing a $300.0 million
minimum net worth test). Certain procedures were established, including, among
others, a procedure whereby funds would be advanced by New Capital to NACH Inc.
as a loan and NACH Inc. would then in turn contribute the proceeds of the loan
to ASB. By this procedure, the dividend preference contained in the Class A
Common Stock of NACH Inc. held by New Capital will not be affected. On June 30,
1993, $12.0 million was contributed from Keystone Holdings to New Holdings to
New Capital and lent to NACH Inc. NACH Inc. then contributed the $12.0 million
to ASB pursuant to this modification. Amounts contributed to ASB out of tax
sharing payments are required to be returned to Keystone Holdings as needed to
fund payments in lieu of taxes for the benefit of the FRF. As of December 31,
1994, the $12.0 million formerly contributed to ASB had been returned to
Keystone Holdings.
NOTE 25: RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Irvine Plaza
In January 1995, a wholly-owned service corporation of ASB purchased from a
related limited partnership the Irvine Plaza building structures and adjoining
land currently utilized for ASB's executive offices and various departments.
The total cash purchase price paid for the property was $45.2 million.
Consulting Payments
Keystone Holdings has consulting agreements with affiliates calling for annual
payments to be made to the affiliates in return for executive services rendered
to Keystone Holdings. During 1995, 1994 and 1993 payments of $0.8 million,$0.7
million and $1.5 million, respectively were made.
Advances to Affiliates
From time to time Keystone Holdings makes interest bearing advances to
affiliates. At December 31, 1995 and 1994 Keystone Holdings had advances to
affiliates of $1.4 million and $1.3 million, respectively.
NOTE 26: ACCOUNTING STANDARDS ISSUED
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 121
In March 1995, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No.
121, "Accounting for the Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and for Long-Lived
Assets to Be Disposed Of" ("SFAS 121"). This statement requires that long-lived
assets and certain identifiable intangibles be reviewed for impairment whenever
events or circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be
recoverable. If an impairment analysis is necessary, the following should be
performed: (a) estimate the future cash flows expected to result from the use of
the asset and its eventual disposition (b) if the sum of the expected future
cash flows (undiscounted and without interest rate charges) is less than the
carrying amount of the asset, an impairment loss is recognized (c) the
measurement of an impairment loss should be based on the fair value of the
asset. This statement does not apply to financial instruments, core deposit
intangibles, mortgage and other servicing rights or deferred tax assets.
This statement is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 1995.
The provisions of SFAS 121 will be implemented January 1, 1996. The impact on
Keystone Holdings is not expected to be material.
Statement of Position 94-6
In December 1994, the ASB Institute of Certified Public Accountants issued
Statement of Position ("SOP") 94-6, "Disclosure of Certain Significant Risks and
Uncertainties." SOP 94-6 supplements disclosure requirements for
F-102
<PAGE> 357
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
risks and uncertainties existing as of the date of the financial statements in
the following areas: (a) nature of operations, (b) use of estimates in the
preparation of financial statements, (c) certain significant estimates and (d)
current vulnerability due to certain concentrations.
SOP 94-6 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years ending
after December 15, 1995, and for financial statements for interim periods in
fiscal years subsequent to the year for which this SOP is to be the first
applied. SOP 94-6 did not have an impact on Keystone Holdings' operations or
financial position.
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123
In October 1995, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No.
123 ("SFAS 123"), "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation." SFAS 123
establishes a fair value based method of accounting for stock based compensation
plans. SFAS 123 encourages, but does not require, adopting the fair value based
method. SFAS 123 will not have an impact on Keystone Holdings' operations or
financial position.
NOTE 27: SUBSEQUENT EVENT
On February 8, 1996, ASB completed the private placement of $100.0 million of
Subordinated Notes (the "Notes"). The Notes bear interest at a rate of 6.625
percent per annum. Interest on the Notes is payable semi-annually in arrears on
each February 15 and August 15, beginning on August 15, 1996.
The Notes mature on February 15, 2006. However, the Notes are redeemable in
whole, or in part, at the option of ASB at all time prior to that date. The
redemption price is equal to the greater of (i) 100 percent of the principal
amount and (ii) the sum of the present values of the remaining scheduled
payments of principal and interest discounted to the date of redemption on a
semiannual basis at the Treasury Yield plus 15 basis points, plus in each case
accrued interest to the date of redemption.
The payment of the principal and interest on the Notes is subordinated to the
prior payment in full of all Senior Indebtedness. Senior Indebtedness, in
general, includes the principal and interest on (a) all claims against ASB
having the same priority as savings account holders of ASB or any higher
priority, (b) all indebtedness of ASB, other than the Notes, which is given in
connection with the acquisition of any businesses, properties or assets of any
kind and (c) obligations of ASB as lessee under capitalized leases. At December
31, 1995, Senior Indebtedness of ASB totaled approximately $18.0 billion,
including $13.0 billion in deposits.
The proceeds of the private placement were used to pay general corporate
expenses, to repay certain borrowings and to fund loan originations. The Notes
qualify to be included in regulatory capital.
The Notes do not restrict ASB from paying dividends or from incurring, assuming
or becoming liable for any type of debt or other obligation. In addition, the
Notes do not require ASB to maintain any financial ratios or certain levels of
regulatory capital or liquidity.
F-103
<PAGE> 358
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
NOTE 28: PARENT COMPANY FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Following are the Condensed Financial Statements of Keystone Holdings, Inc.
(parent company only) (dollars in thousands):
CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
December 31,
--------------------
1995 1994
---- ----
<S> <C> <C>
ASSETS:
Cash and cash equivalents $ 59 $ 34
Held-to-maturity investment securities (fair
value $70,731 and $3,027) 70,731 3,027
Investment in subsidiaries 590,003 526,586
Receivable from affiliates 18,304 5,000
Other assets $ 1,296 $ 1,016
-------- ---------
TOTAL ASSETS $680,393 $ 535,663
======== =========
LIABILITIES:
Accounts payable and accrued expenses $ 11,834 $ 1,539
STOCKHOLDER'S EQUITY:
Common stock 1 1
Additional paid-in capital 30,419 105,419
Unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale securities 110,367 (29,161)
Retained earnings 527,772 457,865
-------- ---------
TOTAL STOCKHOLDER'S EQUITY 668,559 534,124
-------- ---------
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDER'S EQUITY $680,393 $ 535,663
======== =========
</TABLE>
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF EARNINGS:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
For the Year Ended
December 31,
----------------------------------------
1995 1994 1993
-------- -------- --------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Interest income $ 640 $ 480 $ 1,782
Interest expense -- -- 299
-------- -------- --------
Net interest expense 640 480 1,483
Other expenses 1,606 2,398 3,072
-------- -------- --------
Loss before equity in earnings of subsidiary (966) (1,918) (1,589)
Provision for payments in lieu of taxes -- -- (428)
Equity in earnings of subsidiary 85,768 52,242 84,274
-------- -------- --------
NET EARNINGS $ 84,802 $ 50,324 $ 82,257
======== ======== ========
</TABLE>
F-104
<PAGE> 359
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
NOTE 28: PARENT COMPANY FINANCIAL INFORMATION (CONTINUED)
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS:
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
For the Year Ended
December 31,
-------------------------------------------
1995 1994 1993
--------- --------- ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Net earnings $ 84,802 $ 50,324 $ 82,257
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net cash
provided by (used in) operating activities:
Equity in earnings of subsidiary (85,768) (52,242) (84,274)
Increase (decrease) in FSLIC Resolution Fund
share of Keystone Group tax benefits
payable to New West 8,210 (15,133) (41,396)
(Increase) decrease in receivable from subsidiaries
for Keystone Group tax benefits
payable to New West (6,845) 5,731 (6,121)
Other, net 1,806 (203) 17
--------- --------- ---------
Total adjustments (82,597) (61,847) (131,774)
--------- --------- ---------
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities 2,205 (11,523) (49,517)
--------- --------- ---------
Cash flows from investing activities:
Contributions to subsidiary (13,392) (20,677) (72,860)
Purchase of held-to-maturity securities (120,518) (150,462) (680,950)
Tax sharing dividends received 77,173 21,594 49,526
Common stock dividends received 7,500 39,500 34,000
Proceeds from maturities of held-to-maturity securities 52,814 155,118 749,598
Other, net (75) (1,111) (535)
--------- --------- ---------
Net cash provided by investing activities 3,502 43,962 78,779
--------- --------- ---------
Cash flows from financing activities:
Common stock dividends paid (5,587) (32,500) (8,000)
---------
Decrease in notes payable to affiliates -- -- (21,000)
Other, net (95) 1 (409)
--------- --------- ---------
Net cash used in financing activities (5,682) (32,499) (29,409)
--------- --------- ---------
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 25 (60) (147)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 34 94 241
--------- --------- ---------
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year $ 59 $ 34 $ 94
========= ========= =========
</TABLE>
F-105
<PAGE> 360
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
NOTE 29: SIGNIFICANT SUBSIDIARY FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Following is the condensed financial information for Keystone Holdings'
significant subsidiary, ASB (dollars in thousands):
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1995 1994
----------- ------------
<S> <C> <C>
ASSETS:
Cash and Cash Equivalents $ 385,203 $ 215,049
Investment Securities (fair value of $38,311 and $76,676) 38,318 76,688
Receivables, net 11,101,010 12,638,520
Mortgage-Backed Securities, net (fair value of $2,959,608 and $1,698,338) 2,890,765 1,706,122
Assets Available-for-Sale:
Investment Securities 165,379 135,949
Mortgage-Backed Securities, net 4,061,282 1,321,425
Assets Held-for-Sale:
Receivables (fair value of $75,614 and $5,070) 74,021 5,070
New West Note -- 1,682,040
Federal Home Loan Bank Stock 159,949 122,987
Interest Receivable 110,977 77,191
Premises and Equipment, net 227,282 181,467
Foreclosed Properties, net 100,037 118,645
Mortgage Servicing Rights, net 90,901 61,039
Deferred Tax Asset, net 112,596 112,596
Other Assets 90,223 82,003
----------- ------------
TOTAL ASSETS $19,607,943 $ 18,536,791
=========== ============
LIABILITIES:
Deposits $13,005,029 $ 12,815,489
Federal Home Loan Bank Advances 1,004,337 391,366
Reverse Repurchase Agreements 4,016,441 3,982,659
Payable to Affiliate 16,001 2,867
Federal Funds Purchased -- 50,000
Other Borrowed Money 6,579 9,153
Interest Payable 52,212 32,677
Remittances Due Banks 54,525 77,183
Remittances Due on Loans Serviced for Others 136,312 80,131
Accounts Payable and Accrued Expenses 77,557 81,203
----------- ------------
TOTAL LIABILITIES 18,368,993 17,522,728
----------- ------------
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY:
Participating Preferred Stock Series A (par value $0.01 per share, liquidation
preference $0.10 per share); Shares Authorized 10,000;
Shares Issued 3,503 -- --
Common Stock (par value $1.00 per share); Shares Authorized 1,000,000;
Shares Issued and Outstanding 97,000 97 97
Additional Paid-in Capital 446,488 386,488
Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Available-for-Sale Securities 110,367 (29,161)
Retained Earnings - Substantially Restricted 681,998 656,639
----------- ------------
TOTAL STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY 1,238,950 1,014,063
----------- ------------
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY $19,607,943 $ 18,536,791
=========== ============
</TABLE>
F-106
<PAGE> 361
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
NOTE 29: SIGNIFICANT SUBSIDIARY FINANCIAL INFORMATION (CONTINUED)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1995 1994 1993
----------- ----------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
INTEREST INCOME:
Receivables $ 967,168 $ 708,369 $ 755,409
Mortgage-Backed Securities 272,320 167,073 106,764
New West Note 58,841 141,039 241,014
Investment Securities 37,846 18,745 10,346
----------- ----------- -----------
Total Interest Income 1,336,175 1,035,226 1,113,533
----------- ----------- -----------
INTEREST EXPENSE:
Deposits 636,315 481,794 513,435
FHLB Advances 30,858 69,096 128,741
Reverse Repurchase Agreements 261,217 103,828 20,239
Other Borrowings 1,378 956 412
----------- ----------- -----------
Total Interest Expense 929,768 655,674 662,827
----------- ----------- -----------
NET INTEREST INCOME 406,407 379,552 450,706
Provision for Credit Losses 63,837 101,609 123,503
----------- ----------- -----------
NET INTEREST INCOME AFTER PROVISION FOR
CREDIT LOSSES 342,570 277,943 327,203
OTHER INCOME AND EXPENSE:
Gain From Disposition of Credit Card Receivables, net -- 24,981 --
Gain on Sale of Servicing Rights -- 20,396 --
Gain (Loss) on Sale of Receivables, net 34 (2,295) 9,776
Savings Fee Income 21,526 16,781 17,555
Commissions Income 16,890 15,150 17,590
Receivable Fee Income 11,811 12,982 13,829
Gain on Other Asset Sales, net 2,534 207 1,474
Net Expense of Foreclosed Properties (18,032) (13,390) (12,951)
Net Servicing Income 18,696 14,038 7,229
Loss on Sale of Covered Assets (37,399) -- --
Effect of FDIC Assistance on Covered Assets 55,630 -- --
Other Income and Expense 743 45 3,138
----------- ----------- -----------
Total Other Income and Expense 72,433 88,895 57,640
----------- ----------- -----------
EARNINGS BEFORE GENERAL AND
ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES AND TAXES 415,003 366,838 384,843
GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES:
Salaries and Fringe Benefits 146,292 151,797 149,770
Occupancy 32,151 34,801 40,568
Regulatory Premiums and Assessments 33,367 32,483 32,019
Data Processing 27,119 25,777 26,693
Advertising and Promotion 12,424 11,628 11,677
Deferred Origination Expenses (34,718) (38,931) (35,067)
Reimbursements from Affiliates (573) (1,144) (6,601)
Other Operating Expenses 38,130 40,325 39,584
----------- ----------- -----------
Total General and Administrative Expenses 254,192 256,736 258,643
----------- ----------- -----------
EARNINGS BEFORE TAXES 160,811 110,102 126,200
Provision (Benefit) for Federal and State Income Taxes 4,402 1,722 (2,830)
Provision (Benefit) for Payments in Lieu of Taxes 7,887 (824) 14,397
----------- ----------- -----------
NET EARNINGS $ 148,522 $ 109,204 $ 114,633
=========== =========== ===========
</TABLE>
F-107
<PAGE> 362
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
NOTE 29: SIGNIFICANT SUBSIDIARY FINANCIAL INFORMATION (CONTINUED)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1995 1994 1993
----------- ----------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net Earnings $ 148,522 $ 109,204 $ 114,633
Adjustments to Reconcile Net Earnings to Net Cash Provided by
Operating Activities:
Provision for Credit Losses 63,837 101,609 123,503
Depreciation and Amortization 16,447 12,502 38,951
Net Gain on Disposition of Credit Card Receivables -- (24,981) --
Net Gain on Sale of Servicing Rights -- (20,396) --
Net Loss (Gain) on Asset Sales (2,568) 2,088 (11,250)
Loss on Sale of Covered Assets 37,399 -- --
Effect of FDIC Assistance on Covered Assets (55,630) -- --
Federal Home Loan Bank Stock Dividend (7,188) (5,355) (2,772)
Interest Payable, Net Change 19,535 9,731 20,609
Remittances Due, Net Change 33,523 (78,759) 33,550
Increase (Decrease) in Accounts Payable and Accrued Expenses (3,646) 4,463 (13,644)
Originated Receivables, Held-for-Sale (782,583) (223,220) (920,151)
Proceeds from Sale of Receivables, Held-for-Sale 1,093,754 724,324 818,966
Purchase of Investment Securities, Held-for-Trading (128,510) (66,211) --
Proceeds from Sale of Investment Securities, Held-for-Trading 128,609 66,324 --
Decrease (Increase) in Interest Receivable (33,786) (14,569) 3,433
Other, Net (9,263) (39,009) 59,442
----------- ----------- -----------
Total Adjustments 369,930 448,541 150,637
----------- ----------- -----------
NET CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES 518,452 557,745 265,270
----------- ----------- -----------
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Purchases of Available-for-Sale Securities (619,918) (355,975) (334,306)
Principal Payments and Maturities of Available-for-Sale Securities 446,303 188,405 142,116
Proceeds from Sales of Available-for-Sale Securities 453,874 164,587 262,132
Purchases of Held-to-Maturity Securities (443,322) (824,013) (13,137)
Principal Payments and Maturities of Held-to-Maturity Securities 606,767 532,304 199,951
Originated Real Estate Receivables (3,939,384) (4,491,645) (2,955,578)
Principal Payments on Real Estate Receivables 744,400 840,432 1,014,252
Consumer Receivables Originated or Collected, Net Change 3,698 16,023 3,735
Federal Home Loan Bank Stock Purchases (29,774) (11,102) (14,068)
New West Note, Net Payments Received 1,682,040 1,569,018 1,569,018
Proceeds from Sale of Premises and Equipment 4,871 2,211 8,130
Purchase of Premises and Equipment (65,169) (19,988) (17,438)
Foreclosed Properties, Net Sales Proceeds 125,889 168,141 151,513
Purchased Mortgage Servicing Rights (38,270) (37,605) --
Cash Proceeds from Disposition of Credit Card Receivables -- 166,315 --
Other, Net (7,149) 21,369 (3,928)
----------- ----------- -----------
NET CASH PROVIDED BY (USED IN) INVESTING ACTIVITIES (1,075,144) (2,071,523) 12,392
----------- ----------- -----------
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Deposit Activity, Net 189,540 (552,151) (618,033)
Proceeds from Federal Home Loan Bank Advances 1,093,732 2,505,794 3,170,361
Payments for Federal Home Loan Bank Advances (480,761) (3,652,271) (3,219,518)
Proceeds from Long-Term Reverse Repurchase Agreements 597,557 1,103,000 --
Payments for Long-Term Reverse Repurchase Agreements (475,127) -- --
Short-Term Reverse Repurchase Agreements, Net Change (88,648) 1,845,064 534,842
Federal Funds Purchased, Net Change (50,000) 50,000 --
Tax Sharing Dividends Paid (77,173) (22,050) (49,793)
Common Stock Dividends Paid (39,700) (29,500) (25,000)
Capital Contributions from Parent 60,000 19,167 14,642
Other, Net (2,574) 932 (31,754)
----------- ----------- -----------
NET CASH PROVIDED BY (USED IN) FINANCING ACTIVITIES 726,846 1,267,985 (224,253)
----------- ----------- -----------
NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS 170,154 (245,793) 53,409
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT BEGINNING OF YEAR 215,049 460,842 407,433
----------- ----------- -----------
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF YEAR $ 385,203 $ 215,049 $ 460,842
=========== =========== ===========
</TABLE>
F-108
<PAGE> 363
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
NOTE 29: SIGNIFICANT SUBSIDIARY FINANCIAL INFORMATION (CONTINUED)
DISCLOSURES OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
1995 1994 1993
---------- -------- -----------
<S> <C> <C> <C>
Interest Paid on Deposits $ 628,618 $481,834 $ 513,196
Interest Paid on Borrowings 280,763 164,109 129,022
Non-Cash Investing Activities:
Loans Exchanged for Mortgage-Backed Securities 4,214,911 8,697 1,557,485
Foreclosed Properties Acquired in Settlement of Loans 231,720 318,726 316,369
Loans Originated to Facilitate the Sale of Foreclosed Properties 65,693 92,415 47,832
Non-Cash Financing Activities:
Deposits Exchanged in Branch Swaps -- -- 152,382
Dividends Declared and Payable in Different Years:
Tax Sharing Dividends 9,206 2,916 (7,987)
</TABLE>
F-109
<PAGE> 364
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS AS OF JUNE 30, 1996
F-110
<PAGE> 365
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
(Dollars in Thousands)
(Unaudited)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
June 30, December 31,
1996 1995
------------ -----------
<S> <C> <C>
ASSETS:
Cash and Cash Equivalents $ 144,062 $ 385,561
Investment Securities (fair value of $106,089 and $116,721) 106,095 116,728
Receivables, net 12,812,492 11,101,010
Mortgage-Backed Securities, net (fair value of $2,820,495 and $2,959,608) 2,770,432 2,890,765
Assets Available-for-Sale:
Investment Securities 121,805 165,379
Mortgage-Backed Securities, net 3,542,364 4,061,282
Assets Held-for-Sale:
Receivables (fair value of $42,433 and $75,614) 42,141 74,021
Federal Home Loan Bank Stock 180,270 159,949
Interest Receivable 115,745 111,284
Premises and Equipment, net 231,455 233,687
Foreclosed Properties, net 84,036 100,037
Mortgage Servicing Rights, net 90,026 90,901
Deferred Tax Asset, net 112,596 112,596
Receivable from Affiliate 2,582 1,357
Other Assets 124,605 99,099
------------ -----------
TOTAL ASSETS $ 20,480,706 $19,703,656
============ ===========
LIABILITIES:
Deposits $ 12,728,966 13,005,029
Federal Home Loan Bank Advances 2,013,439 1,004,337
Reverse Repurchase Agreements 3,987,359 4,016,441
Other Borrowings 493,734 371,079
Interest Payable 80,666 63,114
Remittances Due Banks 46,092 54,525
Remittances Due on Loans Serviced for Others 97,089 136,312
Dividend Payable 25,000 --
Accounts Payable and Accrued Expenses 150,984 91,199
------------ -----------
TOTAL LIABILITIES 19,623,329 18,742,036
------------ -----------
MINORITY INTEREST 306,979 293,061
STOCKHOLDER'S EQUITY:
Common Stock 1 1
Additional Paid-in Capital 30,419 30,419
Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Available-for-Sale Securities (1,411) 110,367
Retained Earnings - Substantially Restricted 521,389 527,772
------------ -----------
TOTAL STOCKHOLDER'S EQUITY 550,398 668,559
------------ -----------
TOTAL LIABILITIES, MINORITY INTEREST AND
STOCKHOLDER'S EQUITY $ 20,480,706 $19,703,656
============ ===========
</TABLE>
F-111
<PAGE> 366
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings
(Dollars in Thousands)
(Unaudited)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Six Months Ended Three Months Ended
June 30, June 30,
-------------------------- --------------------------
1996 1995 1996 1995
--------- --------- --------- ---------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C>
INTEREST INCOME:
Receivables $ 448,397 $ 463,094 $ 230,568 $ 235,908
Mortgage-Backed Securities 242,465 112,497 117,954 66,249
New West Note -- 43,699 -- 19,432
Investment Securities 15,858 17,011 8,986 8,976
--------- --------- --------- ---------
Total Interest Income 706,720 636,301 357,508 330,565
--------- --------- --------- ---------
INTEREST EXPENSE:
Deposits 298,357 308,414 147,227 160,913
Federal Home Loan Bank Advances 21,252 13,120 11,636 6,304
Reverse Repurchase Agreements 130,393 132,055 67,150 66,940
Other Borrowings 19,094 17,013 9,792 8,588
--------- --------- --------- ---------
Total Interest Expense 469,096 470,602 235,805 242,745
--------- --------- --------- ---------
NET INTEREST INCOME 237,624 165,699 121,703 87,820
Provision for Credit Losses 35,180 34,533 17,203 15,600
--------- --------- --------- ---------
NET INTEREST INCOME AFTER PROVISION FOR
CREDIT LOSSES 202,444 131,166 104,500 72,220
--------- --------- --------- ---------
OTHER INCOME AND EXPENSE:
Gain (Loss) on Sale of Receivables, net 2,965 777 1,332 (10,742)
Savings Fee Income 11,627 9,018 5,879 4,629
Commission Income 10,241 7,703 5,163 4,324
Receivable Fee Income 7,681 5,042 4,309 2,849
Gain (Loss) on Other Asset Sales, net (324) 890 45 734
Net Expense of Foreclosed Properties (7,496) (8,467) (3,772) (4,936)
Net Servicing Income 9,391 8,275 4,698 4,149
Loss on Sale of Covered Assets -- (667) -- (453)
Effect of FDIC Assistance on Covered Assets -- 16,741 -- 14,226
Other, net 539 445 360 (420)
--------- --------- --------- ---------
Total Other Income and Expense 34,624 39,757 18,014 14,360
--------- --------- --------- ---------
EARNINGS BEFORE GENERAL AND
ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES AND TAXES 237,068 170,923 122,514 86,580
General and Administrative Expenses 134,870 136,130 67,592 68,165
--------- --------- --------- ---------
EARNINGS BEFORE TAXES 102,198 34,793 54,922 18,415
Provisions for Federal and State Income Taxes 3,469 1,037 1,803 684
Provision (Benefit) for Payments in Lieu of Taxes 24,216 (6,476) 11,411 (42)
--------- --------- --------- ---------
EARNINGS FROM OPERATIONS 74,513 40,232 41,708 17,773
Minority Interest in Earnings of Consolidated Subsidiaries (20,896) (14,708) (11,516) (5,488)
--------- --------- --------- ---------
NET EARNINGS $ 53,617 $ 25,524 $ 30,192 $ 12,285
========= ========= ========= =========
</TABLE>
F-112
<PAGE> 367
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholder's Equity
(Dollars in Thousands)
(Unaudited)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Unrealized
Gain (Loss) on Retained
Additional Available- Earnings - Total
Common Paid-in for-Sale Substantially Stockholder's
Stock Capital Securities Restricted Equity
------ ---------- --------------- ------------- -------------
<S> <C> <C> <C> <C> <C>
Balance at December 31, 1995 $1 $30,419 $ 110,367 $ 527,772 $ 668,559
Net Earnings - -- -- 53,617 53,617
Dividends on Common Stock - -- -- (60,000) (60,000)
Unrealized Loss on
Available-for-Sale Securities - -- (111,778) -- (111,778)
-- ------- --------- --------- ---------
Balance at June 30, 1996 $1 $30,419 $ (1,411) $ 521,389 $ 550,398
== ======= ========= ========= =========
</TABLE>
F-113
<PAGE> 368
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(Dollars in Thousands)
(Unaudited)
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Six Months Ended
June 30,
------------------------------
1996 1995
----------- -----------
<S> <C> <C>
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net Earnings $ 53,617 $ 25,524
Adjustments to Reconcile Net Earnings to Net Cash
Provided by Operating Activities
Provision for Losses 35,180 34,533
Depreciation and Amortization 19,439 13,141
Net Gain on Asset Sales (2,641) (1,667)
Loss on Sale of Covered Assets -- 667
Effect of FDIC Assistance on Covered Assets -- (16,741)
Federal Home Loan Bank Stock Dividend (4,394) (3,249)
Interest Payable, Net Change 17,552 31,725
Remittances Due, Net Change (47,656) 25,587
Originated Receivables, Held-for-Sale (538,310) (152,312)
Proceeds from Sale of Receivables, Held-for-Sale 561,428 284,200
Purchase of Mortgage-Backed Securities, Held-for-Trading (5,326) --
Proceeds from Sales of Mortgage-Backed Securities, Held-for-Trading 5,331 --
Purchase of Investment Securities, Held-for-Trading -- (29,827)
Proceeds from Sales of Investment Securities, Held-for-Trading -- 29,888
Increase in Interest Receivable (4,461) (27,780)
Increase (Decrease) in Federal and State Taxes (1,301) 108
Increase (Decrease) in Payable to FSLIC Resolution Fund 24,090 (6,267)
Other, Net 27,109 7,329
----------- -----------
Total Adjustments 86,040 189,335
----------- -----------
NET CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES 139,657 214,859
----------- -----------
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Purchases of Available-for-Sale Securities (113,223) (290,604)
Principal Payments and Maturities of Available-for-Sale Securities 270,047 175,908
Proceeds from Sales of Available-for-Sale Securities 283,638 136,679
Purchases of Held-to-Maturity Securities (1,662,880) (322,595)
Principal Payments and Maturities of Held-to-Maturity Securities 1,800,566 357,261
Originated Real Estate Receivables (2,280,377) (1,944,071)
Principal Payments on Real Estate Receivables 507,667 270,835
Consumer Receivables Originated or Collected, Net Change 1,413 1,469
Federal Home Loan Bank Stock Purchases (15,927) (29,774)
New West Note, Payments Received -- 784,508
Proceeds from Sale of Premises and Equipment 1,178 1,990
Purchase of Premises and Equipment (10,623) (56,228)
Foreclosed Properties, Net Sales Proceeds 59,384 79,069
Purchased Mortgage Servicing Rights (5,170) (19,783)
Other, Net (2,080) 3,007
----------- -----------
NET CASH USED IN INVESTING ACTIVITIES (1,166,387) (852,329)
=========== ===========
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Deposit Activity, net (276,063) 487,811
Proceeds from Federal Home Loan Bank Advances 2,130,844 103,292
Payments for Federal Home Loan Bank Advances (1,121,742) (110,350)
Proceeds from Issuance of Series C Notes -- 175,000
Repayment of Series A Notes -- (111,000)
Proceeds from Issuance of Subordinated Notes 99,172 --
Proceeds from Long-Term Reverse Repurchase Agreements 574,081 394,885
Payments for Long-Term Reverse Repurchase Agreements (202,672) --
Short-Term Reverse Repurchase Agreements, Net Change (400,491) (198,621)
Federal Funds Purchased, Net Change 30,000 (50,000)
Common Stock Dividends Paid (35,000) (5,500)
Preferred Stock Dividends Paid (6,977) (6,938)
Other, Net (5,921) (6,385)
----------- -----------
NET CASH PROVIDED BY FINANCING ACTIVITIES 785,231 672,194
----------- -----------
NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS (241,499) 34,724
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT BEGINNING OF PERIOD 385,561 215,253
----------- -----------
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF PERIOD $ 144,062 $ 249,977
=========== ===========
</TABLE>
F-114
<PAGE> 369
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (continued)
(Dollars in Thousands)
(Unaudited)
Disclosures of Cash Flow Information
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
Six Months Ended
June 30,
-----------------------
1996 1995
-------- --------
<S> <C> <C>
Interest Paid on Deposits $281,943 $282,895
Interest Paid on Borrowings 168,584 154,977
Non-Cash Investing Activities:
Loans Exchanged for Mortgage-Backed Securities -- 918
Foreclosed Properties Acquired in Settlement of Loans 107,334 137,682
Loans Originated to Facilitate the Sale of Foreclosed Properties 40,533 16,627
Dividends Declared and Payable in Different Periods:
Common Dividends 25,000 --
</TABLE>
F-115
<PAGE> 370
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NOTE 1 -- GENERAL
Keystone Holdings commenced operations in December 1988 as an indirect holding
company for ASB, a Federally chartered savings bank. NACH Inc. owns all of the
outstanding common stock of ASB. NACH Inc. is owned by New Capital whose common
stock is owned by New Capital a subsidiary of Keystone Holdings. Keystone
Holdings and its direct and indirect subsidiaries are collectively referred to
as the "Keystone Group."
Keystone Holdings, through New Holdings owns the common stock of New West.
Although Keystone Holdings holds the ownership interest in New West, Keystone
Holdings does not have a financial interest in New West because of certain
contractual provisions and indemnifications. Any loss incurred by New West
during its liquidation is the financial responsibility of the FSLIC Resolution
Fund. Keystone Holdings does not record any equity in the earnings or losses of
New West and substantially all decisions made by New West's management must be
approved by the FDIC prior to execution. Therefore, the accounts of New West
are not included in Keystone Holdings' consolidated financial statements. New
West was considered a nominee corporation of ASB for state and federal income
tax purposes until October 24, 1995.
The Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included herein have been
prepared by Keystone Holdings and are unaudited. In the opinion of management,
all adjustments (which include only normal recurring adjustments) necessary to
present fairly the results of operations for the periods covered have been made.
Certain information and note disclosures normally included in the financial
statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles
have been condensed or omitted, although Keystone Holdings believes that the
disclosures are adequate to make the information presented not misleading.
It is suggested that these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements be read
in conjunction with the audited December 31, 1995 Consolidated Financial
Statements and the notes thereto. The Condensed Consolidated Financial
Statements have been prepared on a basis substantially consistent with that of
the audited consolidated financial statements referred to above. In preparing
the financial statements, management is required to make estimates and
assumptions that affect the reported balances of certain assets and liabilities
as of the balance sheet dates and the revenues and expenses for the periods then
ended. In those cases where amounts reported in the Condensed Consolidated
Financial Statements are significantly influenced by such estimates and
assumptions, actual results could differ from those reported. Certain amounts in
the prior periods' financial statements have been reclassified to conform with
the current period presentation. The results for the periods covered hereby are
not necessarily indicative of the operating results for a full year.
The Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of Keystone
Holdings and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany
transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.
NOTE 2 -- SUBORDINATED NOTES
On February 8, 1996, ASB completed the private placement of $100.0 million of
Subordinated Notes (the "Notes"). The Notes bear an interest rate of 6.625
percent per annum. Interest on the Notes is payable semi-annually in arrears on
each February 15 and August 15, beginning on August 15, 1996.
The Notes mature on February 15, 2006. However, the Notes are redeemable in
whole, or in part, at the option of ASB at any time prior to that date. The
redemption price is equal to the greater of (i) 100 percent of the principal and
interest discounted to the date of redemption on a semi-annual basis at the
Treasury Yield plus 15 basis points, plus in each case accrued interest to the
date of redemption.
The payment of the principal and interest on the Notes is subordinated to the
prior payment in full of all Senior Indebtedness. Senior Indebtedness, in
general, includes the principal and interest on (a) all claims against ASB
having the same priority as savings account holders of ASB or any higher
priority, (b) all indebtedness of ASB, other than the Notes, which is given in
connection with the acquisition of any businesses, properties or assets of any
kind and (c) obligations of ASB as lessee under capitalized leases.
F-116
<PAGE> 371
KEYSTONE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
The proceeds of the private placement were used to pay general corporate
expenses, to repay certain borrowings and to fund loan originations. The Notes
qualify to be included in regulatory capital.
The Notes do not restrict ASB from paying dividends or from incurring, assuming
or becoming liable for any type of debt or other obligation. In addition, the
Notes do not require ASB to maintain any financial ratios or certain levels of
regulatory capital or liquidity.
NOTE 3 -- RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENT
In June 1996, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No.
125 ("SFAS 125"), "Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets
and Extinguishment of Liabilities." This statement specifies when financial
assets and liabilities are to be removed from an entity's financial statements,
specifies the accounting for servicing assets and liabilities, and the
accounting for assets that can be contractually prepaid in such a way that the
holder would not recover substantially all of its recorded investment.
Under SFAS 125, an entity recognizes only assets it controls and liabilities it
has incurred, derecognizes assets only when control has been surrendered, and
derecognizes liabilities only when they have been extinguished. SFAS 125
requires that the selling entity continue to carry retained interests, including
servicing assets, in assets it has derecognized. Such retained interests are
based on their relative fair values at the date of transfer. Transfers not
meeting the criteria for sale recognition are accounted for as a secured
borrowing with pledge of collateral. Under SFAS 125, certain collateralized
borrowings may result in asset derecognition when the assets provided as
collateral may be derecognized based on whether the secured party takes control
over the collateral and whether the secured party is: (1) permitted to repledge
or sell the collateral; and (2) the debtor does not have the right to redeem the
collateral on short notice. Extinguishments of liabilities are recognized only
when the debtor pays the creditor and is relieved of its obligation for the
liability or when the debtor is legally released from being the primary obligor
under the liability, either judicially or by the creditor.
SFAS 125 requires an entity to recognize its obligation to service financial
assets, that are retained in a transfer of assets, in the form of a servicing
asset or liability. The servicing asset or liability is to be amortized in
proportion to and over the period of net servicing income or loss. Servicing
assets and liabilities are to be assessed for impairment based on their fair
value.
SFAS 125 modifies the accounting for interest-only strips or retained interests
in securitizations, such as capitalized servicing fees receivable, that can
contractually be prepaid or otherwise settled in such a way that the holder
would not recover substantially all of its recorded investment, to require their
classification as available for sale or as trading securities. Interest-only
strips and retained interests are to be recorded at fair value. Changes in fair
value are included in stockholder's equity as unrealized holding gains or
losses, net of the related tax effect.
SFAS 125 is effective for transfers and servicing of financial assets and
extinguishments of liabilities occurring after December 31, 1996, and is
required to be applied prospectively. Keystone Holdings does not anticipate a
material impact on transactions covered by SFAS 125.
NOTE 4 -- SUBSEQUENT EVENT
On September 30, 1996, President Clinton signed legislation intended to
recapitalize the Savings Association Insurance Fund ("SAIF") and to reduce the
gap between SAIF premiums and the Bank Insurance Fund ("BIF") premiums, among
other things. The legislation provides for a special one-time assessment on
SAIF-insured deposits that were held as of March 31, 1995, including certain
deposits acquired after that date. The assessment will bring the SAIF's reserve
ratio to the legally required level of $1.25 for every $100 in insured deposits.
Beginning in January 1997, deposits insured through the SAIF at most
institutions probably will be subject to regular FDIC assessments amounting to
6.4 cents per $100 per year, while deposits insured through the BIF at most
institutions probably will be subject to regular FDIC assessments amounting to
1.3 cents per $100 per year.
Keystone Holdings' special assessment will result in an estimated pre-tax charge
of $88.5 million in the quarter ended September 30, 1996.
F-117
<PAGE> 372
PROXY
UTAH FEDERAL SAVINGS BANK
THIS PROXY IS SOLICITED ON BEHALF OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS
The undersigned hereby appoints John E. Clay and Ernest J. Miller, and
each of them, as proxies, with full power of substitution, with authority to
represent and vote, as designated below, all shares of common stock of Utah
Federal Savings Bank held of record by the undersigned on October 28, 1996 at
the Special Meeting of Shareholders to be held at the corporate offices of Utah
Federal Savings Bank located at 2279 Washington Blvd., Ogden, Utah, on
November 26, 1996, at 10:00 a.m., local time, or at any adjournment or
postponement thereof, upon the matters set forth below, all in accordance with
and as more fully described in the Notice of Special Meeting and Joint Proxy
Statement and Prospectus dated November 13, 1996.
This proxy, when properly executed, will be voted in the manner directed
herein by the undersigned shareholder. IF NO DIRECTION IS MADE, THIS PROXY WILL
BE VOTED FOR PROPOSAL 1.
The Board of Directors recommends a vote "FOR" the following proposals:
Please mark boxes /X/ or /X/ in blue or black ink.
1. Proposal to approve the Agreement for Merger dated as of February 29,
1996, and as amended September 10, 1996, among Washington Mutual, Inc.,
Washington Mutual Bank fsb and Utah Federal Savings Bank, pursuant to
which, among other things, (i) Utah Federal Savings Bank will merge
with and into Washington Mutual Bank fsb, and (ii) all of the
outstanding shares of Utah Federal common stock held by each holder
thereof immediately before the effective time of the merger will be
converted into the right to receive $107.04 paid in newly issued
shares of common stock, no par value per share, of Washington Mutual,
Inc., subject to adjustment.
/_/ FOR /_/ AGAINST /_/ ABSTAIN
Date: _______________________, 1996
Signed: _____________________________
_____________________________
(Please sign exactly as your name appears on
the proxy. When shares are held jointly,
each party should sign. When signing as
attorney, executor, administrator, trustee
or guardian, please give full title as such.
If a corporation, please sign in full
corporate name, by president or other
authorized officer. If a partnership, please
sign in partnership name by authorized
person.)
Please Mark, Sign, Date and Return the Proxy Promptly Using the Enclosed
Envelope.
